SW1230601_Soils/Geotechnical Report_20230623

November 30, 2022
AVCON
10115 Kincey Avenue, Suite 140
Huntersville, North Carolina 28078
Attention: Mr. James Moose
Reference: Stormwater Soil Evaluation Report
AVL South Parking Lot
Fletcher, Buncombe County, North Carolina
S&ME Project No. 22410080

Dear Mr. Moose:
S&ME, Inc. (S&ME) has conducted a stormwater soil evaluation in general accordance with S&ME
Proposal No. 22410080 dated July 21, 2022. Our evaluation was conducted to provide information for the
design of a Stormwater Control Measure (SCM) and a Stormwater Management Permit Application to the
North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ) Division of Energy, Minerals, & Land
Resources (DEMLR) and/or local delegated authority. A soil scientist evaluated the soil conditions within
the proposed SCM location on November 22, 2022.
Background Information
We understand that a new parking area is to be constructed at the south end of the existing Asheville
Regional Airport property. This proposed parking area is bordered to the north by a Marathon Gas
Station, to the east by Airport Road, and to the south and west is Rental Car Road and the rental car
storage and maintenance area. The total site area is about 15.5 acres and is wooded with a drainage
feature along the western side of the site and crossing the site near the southern end. A roadway was
cleared through the western side of the site and mostly follows along the eastern side of the drainage
feature. Based on the Buncombe County GIS site, an existing 8-inch MSD sewer line extends along this
roadway. The site generally slopes upward from a low elevation of approximately 2080 feet along the
western side along the drainage feature to a high elevation of 2100 feet along the eastern side.
We understand the proposed development will include an asphalt parking area accessed from Rental Car
Road to the west. We anticipate the access will include a culvert across the existing drainage feature. The
enclosed Figure 1 and Figure 2 depict the site boundary and requested hand auger boring locations on a
US Department of Agriculture (USDA) Natural Resource Conservation Service (NRCS) Buncombe County
soil survey exhibit and US Geologic Survey (USGS) topographic exhibit respectively.
According to Figure 1, the soils in the vicinity of the proposed SCMs are mapped as the Tate-Urban Land
complex and the Clifton-Urban Land complex. These areas are covered by buildings, houses, streets,
parking lots, and other such urban uses. Because of the extensive urbanization, natural soils have been
S&ME, Inc. | 3201 Spring Forest Road | Raleigh, NC 27616| p 919.872.2660 | f 919.876.3958| www.smeinc.com

Stormwater Soil Evaluation Report
AVL South Parking Lot
Fletcher, Buncombe County, North Carolina
S&ME Project No. 22410080
altered by activities such as excavation, grading, and filling and as a result the topography and original
landscape have been changed. In general, the Tate series consists of very deep, well drained, moderately
permeable soils on benches, fans, and toe slopes in coves in the Blue Ridge that formed in colluvium
weathered from felsic to mafic high-grade metamorphic rocks. The Clifton series consists of very deep,
well drained, moderate permeability soils on ridges and side slopes of the Blue Ridge that formed in
residuum weathered from intermediate and mafic igneous and high-grade metamorphic rocks that are
high in ferromagnesium minerals.
A total of four hand auger borings were requested, two in the proposed wet detention basin SCM, and
two in the alternative bioretention type SCM location as shown on the attached Stormwater Soil
Evaluation Exhibit (Figure 3). S&ME performed a hand auger boring at the requested location and at an
alternate location due to encountering rock and auger refusal at the first location. The hand auger borings
were performed in order to identify the soil morphological conditions, develop soil profile descriptions,
estimate the SHWT, and measure the observed water table (OWT) and depth to auger refusal if applicable.
The maximum practical depth of hand auger boring exploration on this site was limited to approximately
10 feet below existing grade.
Findings
SHWT Estimation, OWT Measurement, and Depth to Auger Refusal
S&ME estimated the SHWT by advancing hand auger borings at the four locations shown on the attached
Figure 3 and evaluating the soil for evidence of SHWT influence. This evaluation involved looking at the
soil to assess soil moisture, matrix and mottle colors. Depending on the soil texture, the soil color will
indicate processes that are driven by SHWT fluctuations, such as iron reduction and oxidation and organic
matter staining.
In addition, S&ME recorded the depth that the OWT was encountered below existing ground surface
(EGS) at each soil boring location if applicable. The OWT was measured as the static water level in each of
the temporary hand auger boring locations. It should be noted that the static water level/OWT measured
in the auger holes is a measurement of the water table at that moment and does not represent an
average water level or the highest point at which the water table may rise to. Furthermore, it is expected
that groundwater elevations in the study area will likely be influenced by factors such as precipitation and
proximity to surface water discharge/recharge features.

See Table 1 below and Figure 3 for the estimated depth to SHWT, and measured depth to the OWT and
auger refusal if applicable. Site and soil photographs are included in Appendix I.

November 30, 2022 2

Stormwater Soil Evaluation Report
AVL South Parking Lot
Fletcher, Buncombe County, North Carolina
S&ME Project No. 22410080
Table 1
HAND SEASONAL HIGH WATER OBSERVED WATER AUGER REFUSAL
TABLE (SHWT) DEPTH TABLE (OWT) DEPTH DEPTH
AUGER
BORING
(inches/feet below ground (inches/feet below ground (inches/feet below ground
LOCATION
surface) surface) surface)
SW-1 20 / 1.7 >48 / >4.0 >48 / >4.0
SW-2 58 / 4.8 >60 / >5.0 >60 / >5.0
SW-3 52 / 4.3 >60 / >5.0 >60 / >5.0
SW-4 20 / 1.7 40 / 3.3 >48 / >4.0

Permeability/Hydraulic Conductivity Estimation
The soil profile descriptions on the attached Figure 3 show the soil morphological conditions including
soil texture, structure, soil matrix and mottle color, estimated United States Department of Agriculture
(USDA) permeability and estimated USDA hydraulic conductivity (Ksat) for the different soil horizons
found on-site.
Please refer to the enclosed map and soil profile descriptions for more information. These estimates were
obtained from one or more of the following: Buncombe cal & Chemical
Properties of the Soil - and/or USDA-NRCS (United States Department of Agriculture -
or Describing
he permeability estimates were converted to conductivity on the profile description
tables.

Data presented in this report are based on materials encountered at the hand auger boring locations only.
Conditions may vary between hand auger boring locations and in other areas of the proposed SCMs. The
reported depths are based upon the ground surface locations of the borings at the time of our evaluation.
Application of Findings
Data presented in this report are based on materials encountered at the hand auger boring locations only.
Conditions may vary between hand auger boring locations and in other areas of the proposed SCMs. The
reported depths are based upon the ground surface locations of the borings at the time of our evaluation.

Please note that changes in site grade or SCM location may make the chosen stormwater management
systems inappropriate or make other stormwater management systems more appropriate. Significant
SCM location or grade changes relative to the grade at the time of exploration may require additional
exploration for SCM design.
November 30, 2022 3

Stormwater Soil Evaluation Report
AVL South Parking Lot
Fletcher, Buncombe County, North Carolina
S&ME Project No. 22410080
Closing
S&ME appreciates the opportunity to provide stormwater soil evaluation services for this project. If you
have any questionsor would like to discuss applicable stormwater management systems,please contact
Walter Cole at 919-872-2660 or [e-mail].
Sincerely,
S&ME, Inc.
Walter Cole, LSS, REHSThomas P. Raymond, PE
Senior Project ManagerEnvironmental Area Manager
Enclosed: Figure 1: USDA-NRCSBuncombe County Soil Survey Exhibit
Figure 2: USGS Topographic Exhibit
Figure 3: Stormwater Soil Evaluation Exhibit
AppendixI:SitePhotographs
November 30, 20224

Urban land
Tate-Urban land
complex, 2 to 8
percent slopes
Clifton-Urban land
complex, 8 to 15
³
percent slopes
Clifton-Urban land
complex, 8 to 15
percent slopes
!
>
Tate-Urban land
!
>
Urban land
complex, 8 to 15
percent slopes
Udorthents,
loamy
Udorthents,
Udorthents-Urban
loamy
land complex, 2 to
50 percent slopes
!
>
Udorthents-Urban
land complex, 2 to
50 percent slopes
!
>
0200400
(FEET)
REFERENCE:
GIS BASE LAYERS WERE OBTAINED FROM USDA-NRCS SOIL SURVEY AREA NC021
Hand Auger Boring Location
!
>
GEOEDATABASE AND THE 2019 NCONEMAP AERIAL ORTHOIMAGERY LAYER. THIS MAP IS
Proposed SCM
FOR INFORMATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY. ALL FEATURE LOCATIONS DISPLAYED ARE
APPROXIMATED. THEY ARE NOT BASED ON CIVIL SURVEY INFORMATION, UNLESS STATED
Soil Map Unit
OTHERWISE.
Urban land
FIGURE NO.
SCALE:
USDA-NRCS SOIL SURVEY EXHIBIT
1 " = 200 '
DATE:
1
11-29-22
ASHEVILLE REGIONAL AIRPORT - SOUTH PARKING AREA
PROJECT NUMBER
TERMINAL DRIVE
22410080
FLETCHER, BUNCOMBE COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA

³
!
>
!
>
!
>
!
>
05001,000
(FEET)
REFERENCE:
GIS BASE LAYERS WERE OBTAINED FROM USGS NATIONAL TOPO MAP VIEWER. THIS MAP
IS FOR INFORMATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY. ALL FEATURE LOCATIONS DISPLAYED ARE
Hand Auger Boring Location
APPROXIMATED. THEY ARE NOT BASED ON CIVIL SURVEY INFORMATION, UNLESS STATED
!
>
OTHERWISE.
Proposed SCM
FIGURE NO.
SCALE:
USGS TOPOGRAPHIC EXHIBIT
1 " = 500 '
DATE:
2
11-29-22
ASHEVILLE REGIONAL AIRPORT - SOUTH PARKING AREA
PROJECT NUMBER
TERMINAL DRIVE
22410080
FLETCHER, BUNCOMBE COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA

Soil Profile Descriptions
Boring SW-1
S&ME Project Number: 22410080Boring Date: November 22, 2022Landscape Position: Foot Slope
USDA USDA
Color
Estimated Estimated
Depth Moist Permeability Conductivity
Horizon(in)(Matrix)(Mottles)TextureGradeStructureConsistenceNotes(in/hr)(in/hr)
A0-310YR 3/2 loamweakgranularvery friable 2 - 61.4 - 14
subangular
³
Bt13-2010YR 4/310YR 5/6clay loamweakfriable0.6 - 20.14 - 1.4
blocky
subangular
Btg120-3410YR 5/110YR 5/6clay loamweakfriable0.6 - 20.14 - 1.4
blocky
subangular
Btg234-4010YR 6/110YR 6/6 clayweakfirm-very firm0.06 - 0.20.014 - 0.14
blocky
expansive clay
Btg340-48+10YR 7/110YR 5/8 clay massivevery firm0.06 - 0.20.014 - 0.14
mineralogy
Estimated SHWT depth from EGS:20inches( 1.7 feet )
Measured OWT depth from EGS:>48inches( >4.0 feet )
Depth to auger refusal:>48inches( >4.0 feet )
SW-4
Boring SW-2
!
>
T
A
I
E
B
A
R
I
S&ME Project Number: 22410080Boring Date: November 22, 2022Landscape Position: Side Slope
2
N
2
A
I

0
USDA USDA
Color
H
2
L
-
G
Estimated Estimated
9
X
O
2
N
-
Depth Moist Permeability Conductivity
I
R
1
E

1
K
Horizon(in)(Matrix)(Mottles)TextureGradeStructureConsistenceNotes(in/hr)(in/hr)A
z
t
R
C
n N
A0-210YR 3/2 loamweakgranularvery friable 2 - 61.4 - 14

e
A
b
H
P
subangular
a
O

BA2-1210YR 4/4loamweakvery friable 2 - 61.4 - 14
y T
I
blocky
b
H

R
T
d
T
subangular
e
O
t
Bt112-2810YR 5/4clay loamweakfriable0.6 - 20.14 - 1.4
t
A U
blocky
o
E
N
l

p O
subangular
,
V
U
Bt228-4610YR 5/6clay loamweakfriable0.6 - 20.14 - 1.4
I
d S
Y
x blocky
L
R
T
-
m
.
subangular
D
R
Bt346-5210YR 5/6 clayweakfirm0.06 - 0.20.014 - 0.14 A
N
T
E
blocky
SW-3
T
L
U
R R
V
A
subangular E
D
A
W O
E O
Bt452-5610YR 5/62.5YR 4/8 clayweakfirm-very firm0.06 - 0.20.014 - 0.14
N
R

!
>
M blocky
N
P
C
T
I

R
T
L
A
R
10YR 6/6 angular
O
E
I
R
I
T
BC56-60+10YR 7/1 clayweakvery firm0.06 - 0.20.014 - 0.14 L
M
S B
2.5YR 6/4blocky
A
O
\\
C
R
r
O
P
e
A
LE
M
t
Estimated SHWT depth from EGS:58inches( 4.8 feet )
R
a
R S
I T
A

O
w

Measured OWT depth from EGS:>60inches( >5.0 feet )
A
D

m
C
N
r
R
R
o Depth to auger refusal:>60inches( >5.0 feet )
t
W
N
O
E
S
I
E
\\
U
S
I G
T
N
B
G
E

\\
Boring SW-3
,
A
V
R

R
N
E
E
E
W
\\
C L
H
S&ME Project Number: 22410080Boring Date: November 22, 2022Landscape Position: Foot Slope
N
L

I
M
r
C
e USDA USDA
Color
T
V
h
R
c
E
E
Estimated Estimated
t
e
L
l
H
O
F Depth Moist Permeability Conductivity
F
_
S
g
T
Horizon(in)(Matrix)(Mottles)TextureGradeStructureConsistenceNotes(in/hr)(in/hr)
n
A
i
k
S
A0-310YR 4/3 loamweakgranularvery friable 2 - 61.4 - 14
r
a
P

subangular
h
Bt13-810YR 5/410YR 5/6clay loamweakfriable0.6 - 20.14 - 1.4
t
blocky
u
o
S
subangular

t Bt28-3210YR 5/410YR 5/6clay loamweakfriable0.6 - 20.14 - 1.4
r
blocky
o
p
subangular
r
i
Bt332-4010YR 6/47.5YR 6/6 clayweakfirm-very firm0.06 - 0.20.014 - 0.14
A

blocky
l
a
7.5YR 6/6 subangular
n
Bt440-5210YR 6/4 clayweakfirm-very firm0.06 - 0.20.014 - 0.14
o
i
10YR 5/3blocky
g
e
10YR 7/1 expansive clay
R

Bt552-60+2.5R 5/3 clay massivevery firm0.06 - 0.20.014 - 0.14
e
l
7.5YR 5/6mineralogy
l
i
v
e
Estimated SHWT depth from EGS:52inches( 4.3 feet )
h
s
Measured OWT depth from EGS:>60inches( >5.0 feet )
A
_
N
Depth to auger refusal:>60inches( >5.0 feet )
O
C
V
SW-2
A
_
SCALE:
Boring SW-4
0
8
0!
>
0
1 " = 150 '
1
4
2
S&ME Project Number: 22410080Boring Date: November 22, 2022Landscape Position: Toe Slope
2
0150300
\\
DATE:
USDA USDA
2 Color
2
0
Estimated Estimated
2
(FEET)
\\
11-29-22
s Depth Moist Permeability Conductivity
t
c
e Horizon(in)(Matrix)(Mottles)TextureGradeStructureConsistenceNotes(in/hr)(in/hr)
j
PROJECT NUMBER
o
r
A0-410YR 4/4 loamweakgranularvery friable 2 - 61.4 - 14
REFERENCE:
P
SW-1
\\
C4-2010YR 5/810YR 5/6loam massivevery friablesaprolite0.6 - 20.14 - 1.4
O
22410080
GIS BASE LAYERS WERE OBTAINED FROM THE 2019 NCONEMAP AERIAL ORTHOIMAGERY
E
G
!
>
\\
:
LAYER AND ALTERNATIVE 2 PLAN FOR THE ASHEVILLE REGIONAL AIRPORT SOUTHERN
Cg120-3010YR 5/110YR 4/3clay loam massivefriablesaprolite0.6 - 20.14 - 1.4
T

:
FIGURE NO.
h
PARKING AREA, SHEET EX-02 AND DATED NOVEMBER 2022. THIS MAP IS FOR
t
a
Cg230-48+5Y 5/110YR 4/4clay loam massivefriablesaprolite0.6 - 20.14 - 1.4
P
INFORMATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY. ALL FEATURE LOCATIONS DISPLAYED ARE

g
n
i
APPROXIMATED. THEY ARE NOT BASED ON CIVIL SURVEY INFORMATION, UNLESS STATED
Estimated SHWT depth from EGS:20inches( 1.7 feet )
Hand Auger Boring Location
w
!
>
a
r
Measured OWT depth from EGS:40inches( 3.3 feet )OTHERWISE.
3
D
Depth to auger refusal:>48inches( >4.0 feet )
Proposed SCM

View of redoximorphic (low chroma depletions and high View of redoximorphic (low chroma depletions and high
1 2
chroma oxidation) soil conditions indicative of the SHWT chroma oxidation) soil conditions indicative of the SHWT
at hand auger boring location SW-1 at 20 inches. at hand auger boring location SW-2 at 58 inches.

View of redoximorphic (low chroma depletions and high View of redoximorphic (low chroma depletions and high
3 4
chroma oxidation) soil conditions indicative of the SHWT chroma oxidation) soil conditions indicative of the SHWT
at hand auger boring location SW-3 at 52 inches. at hand auger boring location SW-4 at 20 inches.
Asheville Regional Airport South Parking Lot Site Photographs S&ME Project No. 22410080
Terminal Road, Fletcher, Buncombe County, North Carolina
Taken by: W. ColeDate Taken: 11/22/22
1