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Home My WebLink About20071823 Ver 1_Environmental Assessment_20071030Final QUALITATIVE INDIRECT AND CUMULATIVE EFFECTS ASSESSMENT US 1 IMPROVEMENTS TIP R-2502 Richmond and Moore Counties, North Carolina Prepared for North Carolina Department of Transportation Office of Human Environment Prepared by: HNTB North Carolina, PC 343 East Six Forks Road Suite 200 Raleigh, North Carolina 27609 December 30, 2004 ,~ - ~ ~A ~ __ ~~ 1 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ..................................................................................... 1 II. PROJECT DOCUMENTATION AND BACKGROUND ................................... 2 III. STUDY AREA BOUNDARIES .............................................................................. 3 IDENTIFICATION OF GROWTH IMPACT STUDY AREA ................................................. .. 3 IDENTIFICATION OF DEMOGRAPHIC AREA ................................................................ .. 4 IV. STUDY AREA DIRECTION AND GOALS ....................................................... .. 5 REGIONAL INFLUENCES ............................................................................................ .. S GROWTH TRENDS ..................................................................................................... .. 5 TRANSPORTATION PLANS ......................................................................................... .. 9 EXISTING LAND USE ................................................................................................. .. 9 LAND USE PLANS AND ZONING ................................................................................ .. 9 ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS WATER RESOURCES ........................................... 1 1 Water Supply Watersheds.....--• .......................................................................... I1 303(d) Waters ..................................................................................................... 13 Wetlands .............................................................................•----........................... 13 V. INVENTORY OF NOTABLE FEATURES ........................................................ 14 INVENTORY OF NOTABLE FEATURES ........................................................................ 14 VI. ACTIVITIES THAT CAUSE EFFECTS ............................................................ 14 PREVIOUS REPORT CONCLUSIONS ............................................................................. 14 RECENT DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITY ............................................................................ I S VII. POTENTIAL INDIRECT AND CUMULATIVE EFFECTS FOR ANALYSI S .................................................................................................................................. 15 VIII.INDIRECT AND CUMULATIVE EFFECTS ....................................................17 POTENTIAL FOR LAND USE CHANGE ........................................................................ 17 IX. ANALYSIS RESULTS .......................................................................................... 19 INDIRECT EFFECTS .................................................................................................... 19 CUMULATIVE EFFECTS .............................................................................................. 19 X. BIBLIOGRAPHY ...................................................................................................... 21 APPENDIX ...................................................................................................................... 22 TIP R-2502, Richmond & Moore Counties 1 ~ Qualitative Indirect and Cumulative Effects December 30, 200-f North Carolina Department of Transportation Office of Human Environment Qualitative Indirect and Cumulative Effects (ICE) TIP R-2502, Richmond and Moore Counties I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY r 1 i 1 1 The North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) proposes to widen 8.3 miles of US 1 from SR 1001 (Marston Road) to the existing 4-lane divided section of US 1 just north of the Moore/Richmond County line. The project is primarily located in unincorporated Richmond County with small portions of the project also located in the Town of Hoffman and neighboring Moore County. The purpose of the project is to improve capacity and safety along the US 1 corridor. TIP R-2502 is included in the 2004-2010 NCDOT Transportation Improvement Program (TIP), with construction scheduled to begin in 2005. Existing Conditions Richmond County and nearby portions of Moore and Scotland Counties are experiencing minimal growth. The potential for growth is likely limited by declining employment, environmental features (such as wetlands and water supply watersheds), and the large amount of state, federal, and privately owned or protected lands (such as Camp Mackall, the Sandhills Game Lands, and property of the Sandhills Area Land Trust). The majority of TIP R-2502 falls within Richmond County, which has established zoning and other ordinances to control development. The Growth Impact Study Area (GISA) of the project also encompasses portions of Moore and Scotland Counties, as well as the Town of Hoffman, all of which have land planning strategies in place. US 1 is a national road with the primary purpose of transporting people and goods through the GISA of TIP R-2502. Major regional termini of US 1 include Columbia, South Carolina to the south and Raleigh to the north. US 1 also provides a link between the local cities of Rockingham and Southern Pines. Some traffic on this road could be attributed to tourists driving to the numerous golf courses of Southern Pines or to the North Carolina Motor Speedway prior to its recent closure. Potential Indirect and Cumulative Impacts TIP R-2502 proposes to widen an existing roadway facility in aloes-growth, primarily rural area that contains numerous undevelopable tracts of land. It is unlikely that the project will generate development pressure within the GISA upon completion. • Potential cumulative impacts include spillover growth from neighboring communities (the City of Rockingham and the towns of Southern Pines and Pinehurst) and increased regional traffic flow due to the creation of I-73/74. 1 TIP R-2502, Richmond & Moore Counties _ Qualitative Indirect and Cumulative Effects December 30, 2004 • Residential development resulting from the project would likely be limited to sporadic low-density residential uses in existing subdivisions or rural areas. Commercial development could also occur in the form of limited highway-oriented commercial development along the facility. • Limitations on future development within the GISA include low population growth, limited public utilities, a parallel CSX railroad line, a stagnant economy, the presence of two water supply watersheds (Drowning Creek and Hitchcock Creek), numerous wetlands, outstanding resource water bodies, Camp Mackall military base, the Sandhills Game Lands, the Sandhills Area Land Trust, a National Register District (the McLeod Family Rural Complex), and large tracts of commercial timber properties. • The GISA of TIP R-2502 includes portions of two water supply watersheds (Drowning Creek and Hitchcock Creek) that include most of the area north of the US 1 corridor. These water supply watersheds are protected by the North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources (NCDENR) and should suffer minimal impacts as a result of TIP R-2502. Protections include riparian buffers, limitations on development intensity, and the designation of critical areas. • All of Drowning Creek within the GISA of TIP R-2502 is listed as a 303(d) impaired water due to mercury contamination. Despite its 303(d) status, Drowning creek is still considered a high quality water body. No negative impacts to the water quality of the stream are anticipated as a result of TIP R-2502. PROJECT DOCUMENTATION AND BACKGROUND II. i r t 1 i 1 The southern terminus of TIP R-2502 is located at the intersection of US 1 and Marston Road (see Figure 1). Currently, US 1 has two typical sections along the TIP R-2502 portion of the corridor. Between Marston Road (SR 1001) and Bostick Road (SR 1004), US 1 is a three-lane facility with 12-foot travel lanes, varying shoulder widths of 10 toll feet, and two-foot paved shoulders. Between Marston Road and approximately 3,500 feet north of Old Laurel Hill Road (SR 1603), the center lane is utilized as a two-way left-turn lane. From north of Old Laurel Hill Road (SR 1603) to Bostick Road (SR 1004), the center lane is utilized as a passing lane. The passing lane provides alternating passing opportunities for 2 1 f i !~- Q7 TIP R-2502, Richmond & Moore Counties Qualitative Indirect and Cumulative Effects December 30, 2004 northbound and southbound traffic. Between Bostick Road (SR 1004) and the northern terminus of the project, US 1 becomes a two-lane facility with 12-foot travel lanes. The existing roadway in this area has 12-foot shoulders, four feet of which are paved. The existing right-of--way throughout the corridor varies between 60 and 100 feet and closely parallels existing CSX railroad tracks for much of the corridor. The project corridor also includes atwo-lane bridge structure at the crossing of Drowning Creek. TIP R-2502 proposes to widen US 1 to a 5-lane facility, with a 16-foot center turn lane and shoulders, from Marston Road (SR 1001) until reaching Bostic Road (SR 1004). At that point, the road would transition into a 4-lane facility with a 17.5-foot median and shoulders until reaching Glider Road. The project would then continue as a 4-lane facility with 10-foot outside shoulders (4 feet of which are paved) separated by a 46-foot grass median before terminating at the existing 4-lane section north of the Moore County line. The existing right-of way varies between 60 and 100 feet. The proposed right-of- way for TIP R-2502 varies between 100 and 200 feet throughout the project corridor. k i C D . ree ng rown This project includes the construction of two new bridge structures over One new bridge structure (430 feet long) will be constructed west of the existing bridge so traffic can be temporarily shifted in order to facilitate the removal and replacement of the existing bridge. Anew span (400 feet long) would then be constructed at the site of the existing bridge after the removal is completed. Access will remain uncontrolled, although the presence of a median should serve to partially control turning movements throughout the project corridor. Median crossovers are proposed at most major intersections and all intersections will remain at-grade. TIP R-2502 is included in the 2004-2010 NCDOT Transportation Improvement Program (TIP). Right-of--way acquisition for the project was scheduled to begin in 2003, with construction scheduled to begin. in 2005. The majority of this 8.3 mile project is located within unincorporated portions of Richmond County, North Carolina. Short segments of this project are also located within the Town of Hoffman and neighboring Moore County. Land use along the TIP R-2502 corridor is predominantly rural, with low density residential, farmland, timberland, and vacant land intermixed throughout the area. The purpose of the project is to improve capacity and safety along the US 1 corridor. III. STUDY AREA BOUNDARIES Identification of Growth Impact Study Area The North Carolina DOT's and North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) Guidance for Assessing Indirect and Cumulative Impacts of Transportation Projects in North Carolina indicates that the development effects of a new or improved roadway facility are most often found up to one mile around an 1 interchange, and up to two to five miles along major feeder roadways to the interchange. 1 t TIP R-2502, Richmond & Moore Counties Qualitative Indirect an~f Cumulative Effects 200;1 December 30 , Based upon these assumptions, and the fact that TIP R-2502 is a widening of an existing facility and not a new location project, it was determined that the potential for growth impact as a result of TIP R-2502 will most likely occur within atwo-mile radius of the project alignment (see Figure 1). After performing a field survey of local conditions, interviewing local officials, and using professional judgment, this area was deemed sufficient to encompass the majority of potential indirect and cumulative effects resulting from TIP R-2502. This two-mile radius, referred to as the Growth Impact Study Area (GISA), is the area within which the project has the potential to induce land use changes. Although the GISA was the focus of data collection and analysis activities for this study, it is not necessarily the extent to which the growth impact is expected to occur. More specific areas within the GISA that are likely to experience land use changes as a result of the roadway improvements will be identified later in this report. Identification of Demographic Area TIP R-2502 is located in Richmond and Moore Counties, as well as the corporate limits of the Town of Hoffman in the Sandhills region of North Carolina. In order to analyze statistical trends within the GISA, a Demographic Area was defined for the project (see Figure 2). The Demographic Area includes all Census Block Groups that fall within or partially within the GISA of TIP R-2502. Additional census blocks were included to better correlate 1990 and 2000 census data. This demographic area is generally bounded: • To the north by Jones Spring Church Road, Currie Road, the Moore/Richmond County line, Rose Ridge Road, Deep Creek, Sandy Run, Foxfire Rd, and Linden Road; the Pinebluff Lake Road Roseland Drive Sand Pit Road the east b • T , , , y o Moore/Hoke County line, the Hoke/Scotland County line, North Turnpike Road, and Jane Shaw Road; • To the south by Old Wire Road, Gum Swamp Creek, McFarland Road, Crawford Lake Road, Currie Road, the Scotland/Richmond County line, and US 74; • And to the west by the CSX railroad, County Home Road, Wiregrass Road, Ledbetter Road, Green Lake Road, Sandhill Game Management Road, and Gibson Mill Road. ll Several of the block groups that are included in the Demographic Area extend we outside of the extent of the GISA. The following US Census Bureau Block Groups from the 2000 Census are included in the Demographic Area for TIP R-2502: • Census Tract 9512, Block Groups 1-3 • Census Tract 9701, Block Groups 1-2 • Census Tract 9710, Block Group 1 • Census Tract 9711, Block Group 1 • Census Tract 106, Block Groups 3-4 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 t T[P R-2502, Richmond & Moore Counties Qualitative Indirect and Cumulative Effects December 30, 200-1 IV. STUDY AREA DIRECTION AND GOALS Regional Influences Richmond County is located in the Sandhills region of south-central North Carolina. The project area in Richmond County is a relatively rural area with the closest urban centers being Southern Pines and Rockingham. The nearest large city, Fayetteville, is located approximately 50 miles to the east. The regional road network is composed of several major US highways (including US 1, US 74, and US 220) and a sparse network of state and local roads. The region is home to several key military facilities including Camp Mackall, Fort Bragg, and Pope Air Force base. In the past, the region has relied upon the textile industry and the North Carolina Motor Speedway to fuel its economy. However, the closing of many textile mills and the loss of the featured NASCAR race at Rockingham has created economic hardship for the area. The area also relies upon tourism activities generated by the world-class golf courses in and around the Village of Pinehurst. According to local officials, many residents along the project corridor are more likely to utilize facilities in Moore County for work, shopping, and relaxation as opposed to Rockingham in Richmond County. Growth Trends Table I indicates population growth trends for the Demographic Area, the Town of Hoffman, Scotland County, Moore County, Richmond County, and the State of North Carolina. Population in several of these jurisdictions grew rapidly between 1990 and 2000, especially within the Town of Hoffman (79.3%) (from 348 inhabitants in 1990 to 624 in 2004), the Demographic Area (41.7%), and Moore County (26.7%). According to local officials, the majority of this growth occurred outside of the GISA and on the fringes of the Demographic Area, with the highest growth rates displayed in Census Block Groups only partially contained by the GISA. This growth is occurring in outlying areas of neighboring communities such as Southern Pines, Rockingham, and Laurinburg. Local officials further indicated that the immediate project area is among the slowest growing in the region. The population increase in Moore County is likely associated with growth in the Towns of Southern Pines and Pinehurst (which are outside of the GISA). Richmond and Scotland Counties displayed rather stagnant growth (4.6% and 6.6%, respectively). This population trend could be attributed to the sluggish local economy and rural nature of the project corridor. 1 r TIP R-2502, Richmond & Moore Counties ~;.~ Qicalitative Indirect anti Cumulative Effects la:~:~i~ December 30, 200 1 T..hlo 7 Pnr~nlntinn (`_rnwth. 199(1_211f10 Po ulation <Growth .Area 1990 2000 # °!o Demographic Area 10,220 14,478 4,258 41.7% Hoffman 348 624 276 79.3% Scotland County 33,754 35,998 2,244 6.6% Moore Count 59,013 74,769 15,756 26.7% Richmond Count 44,518 46,564 2,046 4.6% North Carolina 6,628,637 8,049,313 1,420,676 21.4% Source: US Census Bureau According to data from the North Carolina Employment Security Commission, employment in Richmond County decreased by 16.3% (2,864 jobs) between 1990 and 2003 (see Table II). During that time, Richmond County suffered a major loss (4,233 jobs) in its manufacturing sector. Despite this loss, the manufacturing sector still provided the largest number of jobs within the County in 2003. According to local planners, the loss in manufacturing jobs was primarily the result of the closure of textile facilities. The largest employment gains for Richmond County were in the health care & social assistance and government sectors (with 898 and 574 respective jobs added). Gains in the health care & social assistance sector were likely indicative of the presence of two hospitals within the County. 1 1 1 1 6 1 ~ ~o 1 1 1 r 1 1 t 1 1 t TIP R-2502, Richmond & Moore Counties Qualitative Indirect and Cumulative Effects December 30, 200-1 Emnlovment By Sector Growth. Richmond County Em to merit Chan e, '90= 03 Sector ' 1990 2003 # % Agriculture, Forestry, Fishin & Huntin 162 171 9 5.6% Minin 125 N/A N/A Utilities 74 152 78 105.4% Construction 385 594 209 54.3% Manufacturin 8,282 4,049 -4,233 -51.1% Wholesale Trade 403 244 -159 -39.5% Retail Trade 2,124 2,005 -119 -5.6% Transportation and Warehousing 424 90 -334 -78.8% Information 118 140 22 18.6% Finance and Insurance 274 267 -7 -2.6% Real Estate and Rental and Leasin 81 136 55 67.9% Professional and Technical Services 127 159 32 25.2% Management of Companies and Enterprises N/A N/A Administrative and Waste Services 137 216 79 57.7% Educational Services 13 N/A N/A Health Care and Social Assistance 1,036 1,934 898 86.7% Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation 51 117 66 129.4% Accommodation and Food Services 760 803 43 5.7% Other Services, Ex. Public Administration 242 288 46 19.0% Unclassified 24 N/A N/A Government 2,584 3,158 574 22.2% Total** 17,550 14,686 -2,864 -16.3% Source: North Carolina Employment Security Commission (NCESC) * -Indicates disclosure suppression N/A -Not Applicable "* - 1990 total does not include data for * sectors When comparing Richmond County's job growth (-16.3%) to the State of North Carolina (20.8%), County employment decreased, while the State's job growth rate increased (see Table III). The County's most significant gains and losses mimicked those of the State, with the manufacturing sector suffering the largest losses. Due to the closing of many textile facilities, losses in manufacturing have become a recent trend throughout North Carolina. The largest employment gains in North Carolina were in the health care & 7 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 TIP R-2502, Richmond & Moore Couniies Qualitative Indirect and Cicmulative Effects L~:~:~L~ December 30, 200 social assistance and government sectors. The health care & social assistance and government sectors have been growing as counties and government operations throughout North Carolina expand to support the growing population throughout the state. m~a.~,, rTr 8.....L,.,...e.,4 R.~ Cnrtnr f_rnwth Nnrth f'arnlina Em to merit Chan e, ' 90-'03 Sector 1990 2003 # Agriculture, Forestry, Fishin & Huntin 21,827 30,422 8,595 39.4% Minin 3,993 3,976 -17 -0.4% Utilities 26,626 14,112 -12,514 -47.0% Construction 166,733 211,121 44,388 26.6% Manufacturin 820,239 602,017 -218,222 -26.6% Wholesale Trade 139,697 162,750 23,053 16.5% Retail Trade 377,026 431,925 54,899 14.6% Transportation and Warehousing 82,772 108,410 25,638 31.0% Information 57,615 75,357 17,742 30.8% Finance and Insurance 102,412 137,797 35,385 34.6% Real Estate and Rental and Leasin 32,488 47,143 14,655 45.1 Professional and Technical Services 89,618 145,953 56,335 62.9% Management of Companies and Enterprises 35,104 61,193 26,089 74.3% Administrative and Waste Services 108,590 211,244 102,654 94.5% Educational Services 22,091 46,339 24,248 109.8% Health Care and Social Assistance 203,641 363,400 159,759 78.5% Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation 27,952 45,594 17,642 63.1% Accommodation and Food Services 205,943 291,530 85,587 41.6% Other Services, Ex. Public Administration 77,172 96,446 19,274 25.0% Unclassified 7,943 N/A N/A Public Administration N/A N/A Government 476,906 625,996 149,090 31.3% TOtai*" 3,079,017 3,720,668 641,651 20.8% Source: North Carolina Employment 5ecunty commission ~Nt,ca~~ * -Indicates disclosure suppression N/A -Not Applicable ** -1990 total includes data for '' sectors 8 TIP R-2502, Richmond & Moore Counties {, ` - Qualitative Indirect and Cumulative Effects December 30, 2004 Transportation Plans According to local officials, there are currently no thoroughfare or transportation plans available at either the county or local level. Local officials indicated the possibility that such plans may be created sometime in the near future. 1 Based upon the NCDOT 2004-2010 Transportation Improvement Plan (TIP), a nearby transportation project in the area is (see Figure 1): • TIP R-2501: Widen US 1 to multi-lanes and construct a bypass of Rockingham on new location; construction scheduled to begin in 2008. Existing Land Use 1 According to local officials, existing land use mapping, and a field visit, the majority of the GISA is utilized for agricultural, residential, or conservational/institutional purposes. Large portions of the GISA north and south of US 1 are used for agricultural purposes, including logging, farming, and raising livestock (chickens, horses, or cows). Single- family residential housing is scattered along the US 1 corridor, primarily in the vicinity of the Towns of Hoffman and Marston. The majority of the residential land use is typified by single-family manufactured housing or medium and low-density single-family housing. Rural residential ~,~ _..~ _ land uses are located throughout most of the GISA and include large lots. Although these tracts of land could easily be converted into higher intensity uses, there has been little or no development pressure due to the low growth rate. Large tracts of land within the GISA are also used for conservational or institutional purposes, including the Sandhills Game Lands and Camp 1 1 Mackall military base. These tracts of land are not considered to be developable. Land Use Plans and Zoning Richmond County Land Use Plan (2000) This plan was adopted to develop strategies for land use throughout Richmond County. The plan was created by local citizens and officials in order to establish land use-related 1 TIP R-2502, Richmond & Moore Counties Qualitative Inclfrect anti Cumulative Effects December 30, 2001 goals, objectives, and strategies for the next 5 to 10 year time period. The plan generally calls for the preservation of the county's agricultural and natural resources, heritage, and small town/rural way of life through smart growth practices. Richmond County Zoning Ordinance (2003) Richmond County has established a zoning ordinance that attempts to control the intensity and location of land uses throughout the County. Zoning throughout the majority of the GISA includes a number oflow-intensity uses, including rural residential and agricultural residential (see Figure 3). There is also a highway commercial overlay that exists along the entire US 1 corridor throughout the GISA that allows for typical highway-oriented development. This includes much of the area surrounding the North Carolina Motor Speedway. Furthermore, there are two small tracts zoned for industrial uses including the APAC paving company just west of the intersection of NC 177 and US 1, as well as a sand/gravel operation near Drowning Creek. Town of Hoffman Zoning Ordinance (1993) The Town of Hoffman established a zoning map in 1993 in order to control the intensity and location of land use throughout the municipality. The Town is primarily zoned for residential uses, with general residential and estate residential zoning classifications. The Town also zoned several areas for commercial or industrial uses. Most of these areas are __ located adjacent to US 1. Fort Bragg/Pope Air Force Base Joint Land Use Study (2003) This land use study outlines long-term development goals and serves as a general guide for the future development of Fort Bragg, Camp Mackall, Pope Air Force Base, and surrounding areas. All counties that intersect the GISA of TIP R-2502 are included in this land use study. The plan proposes restrictions and limitations intended to maintain the viability of the military facilities, protect and conserve environmental resources, control urban sprawl, and develop a regional approach to land use planning. The plan specifically mentions the Town of Hoffman as a "pocket of transition development that needs to be monitored closely to prevent encroachment and incompatible land uses in the vicinity of Camp Mackall". Scotland County Zoning Ordinance (2003) This plan was adopted to regulate land development throughout Scotland County by ensuring that compatible land uses are located adjacent to one another. The small portion of Scotland County within the GISA is either zoned as an open space district, or is part of the Camp Mackall military base (see Figure 3). Land use within the open space zoning district is generally designated as conservation and preservation area. The majority of the area is farmland, wooded tracts of land, institutional (Camp Mackall), or single family residential. According to local officials, there are no current or future plans to extend public utilities into this area. 10 TIP R-2502, Richmond & Moore Counties r~'rTCT Qualitative Indirect and Cumulative Effects L~:~:L~ December 30, 2004 Moore County Land Use Plan (1999) This plan was developed by Moore County to establish specific goals and objectives related to the development and implementation of land use policies. The primary goal of the plan is to preserve and protect the rural, agricultural nature of the county. The plan has established urban service boundaries around the eleven municipalities within the county. These represent potential areas within the county that could be provided with municipal services (water, sewer, etc.) in the next 10-15 years. A small portion of the urban service boundary for the Town of Pinebluff is included within the eastern edge of the GISA for TIP R-2502. The remainder of Moore County within the GISA consists of agricultural or rural residential land uses. Moore County Zoning Ordinance (2004) This zoning ordinance was originally adopted in 1987 and was most recently amended in October 2004. The ordinance is used to establish and enforce guidelines for zoning within Moore County (see Figure 3). To help ensure appropriate land uses within the county, the plan establishes a number of zoning districts. The vast majority of Moore County is zoned agricultural residential, which generally indicates a desire for farming and low density residential uses. Other zoning classifications within the GISA for Moore County include industrial and rural business. The general trend of the zoning ordinance is to maintain the rural nature of the southwestern portion of Moore County. Environmental Regulations (Water Resources) According to the North Carolina Division of Water Quality, as a result of new stormwater rules enacted by the EPA in 1999, Phase II construction or land development activities (typically residential communities) that disturb one acre or more are required to obtain a NPDES stormwater permit and site plan. An erosion and sediment control plan must also be developed for these sites under the state's Sedimentation Pollution Control Act (SPCA) administered by the NC Division of Land Resources. Site disturbances of less than one acre are required to use Best Management Practices (BMPs) with no required site plan; site disturbances greater than one acre require both. BMPs include activities, such as: on- and procedures undertaken to prevent or reduce water pollution practices , , site detention areas, vegetative buffers, culverts, inspections and enforcement, and erosion control. Water Supply Watersheds Geographic Information Systems (GIS) data obtained from the NCDOT indicates the presence of two water supply watersheds within the GISA (see Figure 4). Drowning Creek is located in the eastern portion of the GISA and is classified as a WS-II water supply watershed. According to NCDENR DWQ, the critical area for that watershed is located northwest of the proposed bridge crossing over Drowning Creek. Hitchcock Creek, located in the western portion of the GISA, is considered a WS-III water supply watershed. The NCDENR Division of Water Quality (DWQ), working under the direction of the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), has been delegated the 11 T[P R-2502, Richmond & Moore Counties Qualitative Indirect and Curnulatfve Effects December 30, 2004 responsibility of protecting the state's surface and ground water resources. In order to accomplish this task, a number of environmental regulations have been created. These environmental regulations exist for each river basin, and separate regulations exist for the water supply watersheds. Local environmental regulations follow those of the State of North Carolina. The following is a summary of the water supply watershed regulations with regard to TIP R-2502: Drowning Creek Water Supply Watershed (Class II) • Development within the protected area is restricted to one dwelling unit per acre or 12% built-upon area for the low density option and one dwelling unit per acre or 12-30% built-upon area for the high density option (required to control the 1" storm event). Development within the critical area of these watersheds is restricted to one dwelling unit per two acres or 6% built-upon area for the low density option and one dwelling unit per two acres or 6-24% built-upon area for the high density option. The critical area is the area adjacent to a water supply intake or reservoir where risk associated with pollution is greater than from the remaining portions of the watershed. Hitchcock Creek Water Sunnly Watershed (Class III -Nutrient Sensitive Water • Development within the protected area is restricted to two dwelling units per acre or 24% built-upon area for the low density option and two dwelling units per acre or 24-50% built-upon area for the high density option (required to control the 1" storm event). • Development within the critical area of these watersheds is restricted to one dwelling unit per acre or 12% built-upon area for the low density option and one dwelling unit per acre or 12-30% built-upon area for the high density option. The critical area is the area adjacent to a water supply intake or reservoir where risk associated with pollution is greater than from the remaining portions of the watershed. • Nutrient Sensitive Water (NSW) controls to limit nitrogen including development of nutrient management strategies that focus on point/non-point pollution sources. These strategies may include protection of riparian buffers, control of peak flow/runoff from development sites, and limits on nitrogen loads from new development. The GISA of TIP R-2502 encompasses portions of two different river basins, the Yadkin- Pee Dee River Basin and the Lumber River Basin. The Lumber River Basin has two subbasins in the GISA. One subbasin covers the northern two-thirds of the GISA, and the other subbasin encompasses a small area in the southern third of the GISA. The Yadkin-Pee Dee River basin has one subbasin that encompasses much of the southern third of the GISA. According to the NCDENR DWQ basinwide plans for these river basins, the following information was retrieved: 12 i TIP R-2502, Richmond & Moore Counties Qualitative Indirect and Crnnulative Effects December 30, 2004 • The Lumber River Basin contains Gum Swamp in subbasin 03-07-55. The water quality within the swamp is considered `Good' with no noted negative water quality impacts. All waters within the subbasin are considered impaired due to the presence of mercury and are subject to a fish consumption advisory. • The Lumber River Basin contains Drowning Creek in subbasin 03-07-50. The creek is currently supporting a bioclassification of `Excellent' with a very diverse stream habitat. However, notable bank erosion was observed during investigations in 1996 and 2001. All waters within the subbasin are considered impaired due to the presence of mercury and are subject to a fish consumption advisory. • The Yadkin-Pee Dee River Basin contains the Hitchcock Creek watershed located in subbasin 03-07-16. The water quality within the GISA received a bioclassification of `Good'. However, according to the subbasin report impacts from flow fluctuations were obvious and most water quality impacts are from nonpoint sources. Most problem areas associated with this watershed are downstream of the GISA . 303(d) Waters The 303(d) list is a product of the Clean Water Act, which requires states to identify those waters that do not meet water quality standards or those that have impaired uses. If control strategies for point and non-point source pollution exist for impaired waters, they may be excluded from the 303(d) list. The NCDOT GIS data reveals Drowning Creek as the only 303(d) water body within the GISA (see Figure 4). A search of NCDENR's DWQ 2004 Draft 303(d) List reveals that the Drowning Creek is listed as impaired due to the presence of mercury with no potential sources listed. A fish consumption advisory is in effect. According to the Division of Water Quality's report on the Lumber River Subbasin 03-07-50, the Sandhills Area Land Trust prepared a riparian corridor conservation design for the Conservation Trust for North Carolina and the Clean Water Management Trust Fund (CWMTF). The goal of this design is to preserve existing riparian buffers and extend the protection area associated with Drowning Creek and its tributaries an additional 100-300 feet. As of December 2002, the Sand Hills Area Land Trust had acquired over 671 acres for permanent conservation easements along Drowning Creek and several of its tributaries. Wetlands According to a National Wetlands Inventory GIS information, numerous wetlands are located throughout the GISA (see Figure 4). The most concentrated wetlands are located in the northeastern portion of the LISA. Within the overall GISA, wetlands are predominantly located along Drowning Creek and its tributaries. Other wetlands are located along Hitchcock Creek and Big Muddy Creek in the central portion of the GISA. The limited amount of anticipated development should limit any potential indirect impacts to wetlands within the GISA. 13 TIP R-2502, Richmond & Moore Counties Qicalitative Indirect and Cum~tllative Effects December 30, 2004 V. INVENTORY OF NOTABLE FEATURES Inventory of Notable Features Based on existing NCDOT GIS information, the 2000 Environment Assessment, and database research, an inventory of notable features was assembled (see Figure 5). Tables indicating the name, status, and location of these notable features are located in the Appendix. Numerous state and federally protected species, several natural communities, a 303(d) impaired stream (Drowning Creek), large tracts of wetlands, two water supply watersheds (Hitchcock and Drowning Creek), 13 potential hazardous materials sites (including 9 underground storage tanks), a National Register District (the McLeod family rural complex), and an outstanding resource water (Drowning Creek) are all located within the GISA of TIP R-2502. Additionally, Camp Mackall military base, a CSX rail line, the Sandhills Game Lands, two golf courses (Oakwood Hills and The Bluff), the North Carolina Speedway and associated straight track, and the Sandhills Area Land Trust are located within the LISA of TIP R-2502. VI. ACTIVITIES THAT CAUSE EFFECTS Previous Report Conclusions 2000 Environmental Assessment The 2000 Environmental Assessment for TIP R-2502 concludes the following: • The US Fish and Wildlife Service has concurred with a biological conclusion of "not likely to adversely effect" for project effects for the federally-listed red- cockaded woodpecker within the TIP project area. "No effect" determinations have been rendered for all other protected species. • No properties included on or eligible for the National Register of Historic Places within the TIP project area will be affected by this project. • The NCDOT has committed to strictly adhere to "Design Standards in Sensitive I Watersheds" (15A NCAC 04B 0024/HQW Standards) throughout design and construction of the portion of the project north of Bostick Road (SR 1004). • Potential indirect and cumulative effects were not addressed by this report. Additionally, since the completion of the original EA, new surveys for the red-cockaded woodpecker and Michaux's Sumac have been conducted, with no change to the findings of the original report concerning the red-cockaded woodpecker. However, two populations of Michaux's sumac were discovered and will be directly impacted by the project. Since this is astate-funded project and these populations are not in a permit area, Section 7 of the Endangered Species Act does not apply. NCDOT has indicated a willingness to minimize impacts to the species and have coordinated with the Fish & 14 TIP R-2502, Richmond & Moore Counties Qualitative Indirect and Cumulative Effects December 30, 2004 Wildlife Service. They have indicated that plants within the project area will be relocated prior to construction of TIP R-2502. Recent Development Activity Recent residential development activity has been minimal throughout the entire GISA of TIP R-2502. However, several residences (mostly manufactured houses) have recently been constructed in rural areas, restricted subdivisions, or in golf communities in western Moore County. There are no future plans for any major residential developments located within the GISA. Recent commercial activity includes the construction of a new gas station/convenience store south of the intersection of US 1 and Caddel Road, as well as the proposed relocation of an existing gas station to the northern side of that same intersection. According to local planners, no additional commercial or industrial facilities are planned for the area within the GISA. VII. POTENTIAL INDIRECT AND CUMULATIVE EFFECTS FOR ANALYSIS " Guidance for Assessing The North Carolina DOT, in their April 2001 handbook titled Indirect and Cumulative Impacts of Transportation Projects in North Carolina," outlines a set of factors that needs to be evaluated to determine whether or not a more detailed indirect and cumulative impact analysis (ICI) may be necessary for specific projects. The following is an assessment of those factors as they relate to TIP R-2502. Conflict with local lan: P According to local officials there are currently no thoroughfare or transportation plans available for areas within the GISA. TIP R-2502 includes a median along its entire length. This type of constructed facility could potentially limit any induced development along the project corridor, except for key intersections, which could experience highway- oriented commercial development. This strategy appears to be consistent with local zoning and land use plans, which call for a mix of low density residential and agricultural uses throughout most of the GISA. Furthermore, a highway commercial overlay zoning designation exists along the majority of US 1 throughout the corridor. Explicit economic development purpose: There is no specific economic development purpose for this project. The project is designed to improve carrying capacity and enhance the safety of US 1 in this area. Planned to serve specific development: TIP R-2502 does not appear to be designed to serve a specific development. IS 1 TIP R-2502, Richmond & Moore Counties Qualitative Indirect and Cumulative Effects December 30, 200-1 Likely to stimulate land development having complementary (to highway-related travel) functions: The assessment of this factor partially involves an evaluation of a subset of factors commonly used to determine the potential for growth resulting from transportation projects including: • Distance to a major urban center • Traffic volumes on intersecting roadways • Presence of frontage roads • Availability of water/sewer TIP R-2502 is located within the Town of Hoffman and rural Richmond County (with a small section in Moore County) in south-central North Carolina. Hoffman is located 49 miles west of the nearest major urban center, Fayetteville, North Carolina. At this distance, spillover growth from Fayetteville should not have any effect upon the growth and development of Hoffman or northeastern Richmond County. According to the 2000 EA, the estimated daily traffic (ADT) volume in 2005 along US 1 is anticipated to range between 10,600 and 11,000 vehicles per day. This number is expected to rise to between 16,400 and 17,200 vehicles per day by the year 2025. Traffic volume estimates for 2005/2025 along major intersecting roadways are provided in the EA and are as follows (see Figure 1): 1 1 1 • Marston Road: 900/1,400 ADT • Caddel Road: 2,300/3,500 ADT • School Drive: 600/1,000 ADT • McCoy Drive: 800/1,200 ADT • Special Forces Way: 900/1,400 ADT There are no frontage roads proposed as part of TIP R-2502. Richmond County provides water service to small portions of the GISA. These areas are primarily located within the Town limits of Hoffman. Additionally, there is a large diameter water main paralleling US 1 through the Hoffman area and extending northward beyond the Moore County line. According to Richmond County officials, there is currently excess capacity at their water treatment plant to allow for future expansion of their system. However, at this point, there are no planned expansion activities within the GISA. Sewer service exists in a small portion of Moore County in the far northern corner of the GISA. All other areas within the GISA are serviced by septic systems. Based on discussions with local officials, there are currently no plans to extend sewer service to any riew portions of the GISA. The lack of sewer service and limited area of water service should curtail the amount and intensity of any potential development as a result of TIP R-2502. 16 1 TIP R-2502, Richmond & Moore Counties Qicalitative Indirect and Cumulative Effects December 30, 2004 Likely to influence intraregional land development location decisions: TIP R-2502 has a low likelihood of influencing intraregional land development due to the lack of current and planned development, large amounts of protected land, and limited availability of public utilities. Notable features present in GISA: There are a number of notable features within the GISA of TIP R-2502, including numerous state and federally protected species, several natural communities, a 303(d) listed stream (Drowning Creek), two water supply watersheds (Hitchcock Creek and Drowning Creek), a high quality water body (Drowning Creek), large tracts of wetlands, and one historic district (the McLeod Family rural complex). Additionally, Camp Mackall military base, the Sandhills Area Land Trust, the Sandhills Game lands, 13 potential hazardous materials sites (including 9 underground storage tanks), the North Carolina Motor Speedway, two golf courses (The Bluff and Oakwood Hills), and a CSX rail line are located within the GISA of TIP R-2502. Please refer to Figure 5 and the Appendix for a more comprehensive list of these features. VIII. INDIRECT AND CUMULATIVE EFFECTS Potential For Land Use Change To further evaluate whether indirect and cumulative impacts would likely result from TIP R-2502, an analysis of a set of quantitative factors was completed. This analysis helps to determine the potential for land use changes as a result of the project. Table IV indicates the results of this rating analysis: Table IV. Potential For Land Use Change, 2000-2020 Land Change Supply in vs. Water/ .Change in -Property Forecasted :Land Sewer Market For Public Ratin Accessibili Values Growth Demand Availabili `'Deveb went Polic > 50% increase > 3% < 10- Less > 10 min. in annual year Existing Development stringent; no travel time property pop. supply service activity growth Stron savin s values rowth of land available abundant mana ement " X X X X X X ~~ X No 0-I% > 20- No service More < 2 min. property annual year available Development stringent; travel time value pop. supply now or in activity growth Weak savin s increase Growth of land future lackin mana ement 17 T[P R-2502, Richmond & Moore Counties Qualitative Indirect and Cumulative Effects December 30, 2004 TIP R-2502 proposes to add a single lane in each direction to an existing 8.3 mile, 2 and 3-lane facility. Based on these characteristics, it is likely that a small travel time savings (approximately 2 minutes) would be experienced as a result of the project. Due to its location in an area that has a large amount of protected lands and federal facilities; it is likely that property values will show minimal increase throughout the LISA as a result of TIP R-2502. 1 1 1 1 1 The population of the Demographic Area grew at approximately 4% annually between 1990 and 2000. However, the Demographic Area encompasses a larger geography than the GISA with the majority of the population growth occurring outside of the GISA. In addition, current population growth and the market for development within the GISA, more than likely indicates that there is an abundant supply of developable land. According to Richmond County officials, water service exists throughout much of the town of Hoffman. This includes a large diameter water main running along US 1 toward Moore County. The water distribution system in Richmond County is currently operating under capacity and could be expanded in the future, if necessary. Sewer service is lacking throughout the entire LISA with the exception of a small area in Moore County at the extreme northeastern edge of the GISA. The Moore County Wastewater Treatment plant is located in the northeastern portion of the GISA and is currently operating under capacity. Development throughout the GISA is stagnant, with most growth occurring in nearby areas that are outside of the GISA, but included in the Demographic Area. Most development throughout the GISA is low-density residential or agricultural in nature. Growth management strategies in the form of zoning ordinances and land use plans are in place for all counties encompassed by the GISA. All of these plans outline strategies to preserve and conserve the rural, agricultural nature of the area. Consequently, it is likely that such policies will be able to control the amount and intensity of potential growth resulting from this project. 18 TIP R-2502, Richmond & Moore Counties Qualitative Indirect and Cumulative Effects December 30, 2004 IX. ANALYSIS RESULTS Indirect Effects ' The widening of US 1 from a two and three-lane roadway to a four-lane facility should increase capacity and improve safety along the project corridor. With respect to estimating any potential indirect effects related to this project, the findings indicate that t TIF R-2502 has a low potential to indirectly cause land use changes or accelerate growth and development throughout the area. TIP R-2502 generally bisects low-growth, rural areas of Richmond and Moore Counties. The area is typified by large tracts of undevelopable or marginally developable land due ' to environmental restrictions (wetlands and water supply watersheds); utility limitations (limited water and sewer available); land planning regulations (zoning ordinances and land use plans); and federal, state, or privately owned protected lands (Camp Mackall, ' State Game Lands, Sand Hills Area Land Trust property, timberland properties, and the McLeod family rural district). These limitations, combined with the current and forecasted growth rates, seem to indicate that growth related to TIP R-2502 will be constrained throughout the GISA. Any indirect impacts would predominantly be in the ' form of land use conversion from lower intensity uses (agricultural, low density residential, and forest) to higher intensity uses (single family residential or highway- oriented commercial). ' Any potential development would likely occur in close proximity to the roadway, except where the existing CSX railroad tracks are nearby. Scattered residential development could occur in one of the several existing. manufactured housing. subdivisions throughout the GISA, as single family residences fronting US 1, or in the residential development associated with the golf courses in the northern portion of the GISA. Commercial development would likely be limited to one of several major intersections on US 1 and ' take the form ofhighway-oriented development. The recent construction of a new gas station and relocation of-an existing gas station. at the intersection of US I and McDonald Church Road is currently the extent of planned commercial development. It is unlikely ' that other types of development will occur as a result of this project. ' Cumulative Effects TIP Project R-2502 involves widening an existing facility in a rural, low-growth portion of Richmond County with minimal utilities. An adjacent project, TIP Project R-2501, ' involves widening US 1 to multi-lanes from the South Carolina border to the southern terminus of TIP Froject R-2502, including a bypass. of Rockingham.. on new location. TIP. Project R-2501 will provide a direct connection to the future I-73lI-74 corridor. These ' connections should help improve the overall flow of traffic and goods throughout the region. ' Much of the land within and adjacent to the GISA is state or federally owned and therefore currently protected from development. Despite this fact, when TIP Project R- 19 TIP R-2502, Richmond & Moore Counties t ti E l C ffec s ve umu a Qualitative Indirect and ?004 30 b D er , ecem 2502 is combined with other activities in the surrounding area, the cumulative effects could help spur limited growth within the GISA. According to population growth trends, the Census block groups within the Demographic Area that are closer in proximity to ' Southem Pines/Pinehurst and Rockingham have been growing at a faster pace than those that are mostly within the GISA. Thus, the combination of growth in these nearby urban areas and the improved regional access provided by the upgrade of US 1 (TIP Projects R- 2502 and TIP R-2501) could induce some residential and/or commercial development ' along the US 1 corridor from South Carolina to the Southem Pines/Pinehurst area, which includes the GISA. Overall, the large amount of protected or undevelopable land within the GISA, as well as the lack of other major infrastructure improvement projects, should limit the amount of ' cumulative effects associated with TIP Project R-2502. Coupled with existing land these conditions should also protect the water olicies ment nd develo i l , p p ann ng a p resources of the azea from future degradation resulting from indirect effects associated with TIP Project R-2502 or cumulative effects from neighboring areas. 1 1 1 20 1 TIP R-2502, Richmond & Moore Counties Qualitative Indirect and Cumulative Effects December 30, 2004 X. BIBLIOGRAPHY Moore County Planning Department, Moore County Land Use Plan, April 1999 North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR), Water Supply Watersheds and 303(d) List of Impaired Water Bodies, available from www. enr.state.nc.us North Carolina Employment Security Commission, www.ncesc.com, 1990 and 2000 North Carolina State Demographics, http://demog.state.nc.us/, 2010, 2020 County and State Population Data/Forecasts NCDOT State Environmental Assessment, US 1, From SR 1001 to the Existing Four Lanes North of the Moor County Line, Richmond-Moore Counties, State Project 6.589009T, TIP Project Number R-2502, 9/28/00 Richmond County Land Use Committee, Strategic Land Use Plan, Richmond County, North Carolina, July 2000 Richmond County Zoning Ordinance, Richmond County, North Carolina, July 2003 Scotland County Land Use Map, Scotland County, North Carolina, May 2002 Scotland County Zoning Ordinance, Scotland County, North Carolina, July 2003 The Fort Bragg/Pope AFB Regional Land Use Advisory Commission, Fort Bragg/Pope Air Force Base Joint Land Use Study, May 2003 The Louis Berger Group, Inc., Volume II Practitioner's Handbook "Guidance for Assessing Indirect and Cumulative Impacts of Transportation Projects in North Carolina," p. III-Sfr-III-64, issued November 2001 US Census Bureau, www.census. ov, 1990 and 2000 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, National Wetlands Inventory; Available from http://www.nwi.fws.~ov/index.html ,accessed December, 2003 21 1 1 1 ~w TIP R-2502, Richmond & Moore Counties Qualitative Indirect and Cumulative Effects December 3D, 200d APPENDIX State and Federally-Protected Species !'!w.o,th impart Cfi~dv Area C~ SCIt.ItllftC t7SGS Qtl9ld Name Name. federal Status State Status Ma P><a~t: Sandhills Gaillardia Significantly Rare Hoffman, Gaillardia aestivalis N/A - Peri heral Pinebluff, Marston Robbin's Eleocharis Significantly Rare S ikenrsh robbinsii NIA -Peripheral Pinebluff Eupatorium Threatened - Resinous Boneset resinosum N/A S cial Concern Pinebluff Earle's Blazing Liatris Significantly Rare Star equarrulosa N/A -Peripheral Pinebluff, Marston Globe-fruit Ludwigia Seedbox s haerocar a N1A Si ~ficantl Rare Pinebluff Carolina Grass-of- Parnassia amassus caroliniana N/A En eyed Pinebluff Feather-bristle Rhynchospora Significantly Rare Beaksed a oli antha N/A - Peri heral Pinebluff Twisted-leaf Significantly Rare Goldenrod Solida o torn olio N/A - Peri heral Pinebluff Spring-flowering Species of Significantly Rare Goldenrod*^ Salida o verna Concern -Limited Pinebluff, Marston Significantly Rare Branched Gerardia A alinis vir ata N/A -Pen heral Marston Chamaesyce Significantly Rare Heartleaf Sandmat cordifolia N/A -Peripheral Marston Significantly Rare Soft Milk- ea Galactia mollis N/A -Peripheral Marston Ludwigia Significantly Rare Shrubb Seedbox suJfruticosa N/A - Peri heral Marston Southern Water Significantly Rare Grass Luziola fluitans N/A - Peri heral Marston Pinebarren Muhlenbergia Smokegrass torreyana N/A Endangered Marston Mudbank Crown Paspalum Significantly Rare Grass dissectum N/A -Pen heral Marston Polygonum Significantly Rare Ha~ Smartweed hirsutum N/A -Pen heral Marston Awned Meadow Species of Beauty Rhexia aristosa Concern Threatened Marston Quillwort Sagittaria Significantly Rare Arrowhead isoeti ormis N/A - Peri heral Marston Schwalbea Chaffseed*^ Americana En eyed Enda eyed Marston Significantly Rare Scale-leaf Gerardia Agalinis ap lla N/A -Pen heral Hoffman Sandhills Milk- Astraglus Species of Hoffman, vetch*^ michauxii Concern Threatened Pinebluff, Marston Sun fac~ Rudbeckia N/A Enda eyed N/A 22 1 1 1 1 1 TIP R-2502, Richmond & Moore Counties Qualitative Indirect and Cumulative Effects December 30, 2004 Wavyleaf wild Parthenium uinine* rad ordii N/A Watchlist N/A Alabama Rhynchospora beaksedge* crini es N/A Enda eyed N/A Pyzidanthera Sandhills pixie barbulata var. moss* brevis la N/A Enda eyed N/A Re tile: Threatened due to American Alligator Similarity of Alli ator mississi iensis A pearance Threatened Marston Deirochelys Chicken Turtle reticularia N/A Si ificantl Rare Marston Southern Hognose Species of Snake*^ Heterodon simus Concern S cial Concern Marston, Hoffman Masticophis flagellum Coachwhip . Pituo his N/A Si 'ficantly Rare Pinebluff, Marston Pituophis Northern melanoleucus Species of Hoffman, Pinesnake*^ melanoleucus Concern Special Concern Pinebluff, Marston Pigmy Rattlesnake Sistrurus miliarius N/A Special Concern Marston, Hoffman Eastern Coral Snake Micrurus ulvius NIA Enda ered Marston Am hibian: Eastern Tiger Ambystoma Salamander tigrinum N/A Threatened Matston, Pinebluff Mabee's Salamander Amystona mabeei NIA Significantl Rare Marston Pine Barrens Marston, Hoffman, Treefrog Hyla andersonii N/A Significantly Rare Pinebluff Carolina Gopher Species of Fro Rana ca ito Concern Threatened Marsto Pinebluff Mussel: Threatened - Alasmidonta Proposed Brook floater* varicose N/A En eyed NIA Threatened - Proposed Atlantic Pigtoe* Fusconaia masoni N/A Enda ered N/A Threatened - Yellow ~Opo~d Lampmussel* Lam sills carioca N/A Endangered N!A wR.....~.~~. 1~lAlLLLLliLl• Eastern Fox S uitrel Sciurus ni er N/A Si ~ficantl Rare Marston, Hoffinan, Pinebluff Special Concern - Rafinesque'sbig- Corynorhinus Proposed eared bat* ra ones uii N/A Threatened N/A Star-nosed Mole - Coastal Plain o elation Co lura cristata N/A S cial Concern Pinebluff 24 TIP R-2502, Richmond &c Moore Counties ' n~~ Qualitative Indirect and Cumulative Effects La~.ai.~ December 30, 2004 Coneflower* heliopsidis Carex canescens Significantly Rare Hoffman, Silvery Sedge ssp disjuncts N/A -Peripheral Pineblufi; Marston Species of Significantly Rare Hoffman, Bog Oatgrass Danthonia epilis Concern -Threatened Pinebluff, Marston Heller's Rabbit Gnaphalium Significantly Rare Tobacco helleri var helleri N/A - Peri heral Hoffman Significantly Rare Hoffman, Sarvis Holly Ilex amelanchier N/A - Peri heral Pinebluff Significantly Rare Hoffman, White Wicky*^ Kalmia cuneata N/A -Limited Pinebluff, Marston Endangered - Hoffman, Sandhills Lily Lilium p o hilum N/A S cial Concern Pinebluff, Marston Cinders Species of Bo S icebush*^ subcoriacea Concern Threatened Hoffman, Marston Southern Water Luziola jluitana Significantly Rare Grass N/A - Peri heral Hoffman Rough-leaf Lysimaehia Hoffman, Loosestrife*^ asperulifolia Endangered Endangered Pinebluff, Marston Polygala Significantly Rare Hoffman, Sho Milkwort andi ors N/A - Peri heral Pinebluff, Marston Conferva Potamogeton Species of Significantly Rare Pondweed*^ confervoides Concern -Disjunct Hoffrnan, Marston Michaux's Endangered - Hoffman, Sumac*^ Rhus michauxii End Bred S cial Concern Pinebluff, Marston Long-beak Rhynchospora Significantly Rare Hoffman, Baldsed a scir oides NIA -Other Pinebluff Sandhills Wild- Significantly Rare petunia Ruellia ciliosa N/A -Peripheral Hoffman, Marston Schoenoplectus Significantly Rare Hoffman, Canby's Bulrush etuberculatus N/A -Peripheral Pinebluff, Marston Schoenoplectus Significantly Rare Hoffman, Swa ~ Bulrush subterminalia N/A - Peri heral Pinebluff, Marston Significantly Rare Hoffrnan, Water Dawnflower S lisma a uatuca N/A -Peripheral Pinebluff Stylisma Pickering's pickeringii var Species of Hoffman, Dawnflower*^ pickeringii Concern Enda eyed Pinebluff, Marston Tridens Significantly Rare Hoffman, Carolina Triodia carolinianus N/A -Threatened Pinebluff, Marston Chapman's Significantly Rare Hoffman, Yellow e ed-grass Xyris chapmanii N/A -Threatened Pinebluff, Marston Roughleaf Yellow Species of Significantly Rare Hoffman, eyed-grass*^ Xyrisscabrifolia Concern -Threatened Pinebluff, Marston Amorpha Georgia Indigo- Georgians var. bush* georgiana NIA Enda ered N/A Dionaea Candidate - Venus Fl tra * musci ula N/A S cial Concern NIA Sandhills bo lily* Cilium iridollae N/A Threatened N/A Heller's Trefoil* Lotus helleri N/A Candidate N/A Carolina asphodel* To eldia labra N/A Candidate N/A Savanna cowbane* Oxypolis ternate N/A Watchlist N/A 23 ' ® TIP R-2502, Richmond & Moore Counties Qualitative Indirect and Cumulative Effects December 30, 2004 1 1 1 Bird: Red-cockaded Marston, Hoffman, woodpecker*^ Picoides borealis Endangered Enda eyed Pinebluff Bachman's Aimophila Species of Marston, Hoffman, S arrow*^ aestivalis Concern S vial Concern Pinebluff Chondestes Lark S arrow ammacus N/A Significantl Rare Pinebluff Haliaeetus Bald Ea le leucoce halus Threatened N/A N/A Moss: Savanna Campylopus Species of Significantly Rare Cam yl us carolinae Concern -Threatened Marston Sphagnum Significantly Rare Giant Peatmoss tone anum N/A - Peri heral Marston Fish: Etheostoma collis Federal Species of Marston, Hoffman, Pinewoods darter le idinion Concern S cial Concern Pinebluff Carolina redhorse*^ Moxostoma s . N/A Si ~ficantl Rare N!A Robust Moxostoma Redhorse*^ robustum N/A S cial Concern N/A Federal Species of Pinebluff, Sandhills Chub Semotilus lumbee Concern S vial Concern Marston, Hoffman Theostoma collis Carolina Darter* collis N/A Special Concern N/A Santee Chub - Coastal Plain Cyprinella zanema Po ulation op 2 N/A S cial Concern Hoffman Shortnose Acipenser Sturgeon* brevirostrum Enda ered N/A N/A Notropis Ca e Fear shiner* mekistocholas Endangered N/A N/A Insect: Dusky Roadside- Amblyscirtes skipper Alternate N/A Significantly Rare Marston, Pinebluff Northern Oak Fixsenia javonius Hairstreak Ontario N/A Significantly Rare Pinebluff Reversed Amblyscirtes Roadside-ski r reversa N/A Si ~ficantt Rare Marston, Hoffman Hesperia attalus Dotted Skipper slossonae N/A Significantly Rare Marston, Pinebluff Atrytone arogos Arogos skipper* arogos N/A Significantly Rare N/A Marston, Hoffman, Meske's Ski r Hes eria maskei N/A Si ~ficantl Rare Pinebluff Edward's Satyrium Hairstreak edwardseii N/A Si ~Gcantly Rare Pinebluff a stonefly Attaneuria ruralis N/A Si 'ficantly Rare Hoffman Ceraclea a caddisfly cancellata N/A Si ~ficantly Rare Hoffman Choroterpes a mayfly basalis N/A Si ~ scantly Rare Hoffman 25 TIP R-2502, Richmond & Moore Counties Qualitative Indirect and Cumulative Effects December 30, 2004 1 Argo Ephemerellan Ma fly E hemerella ar o N/A Si ~ficantl Rare Hoffman Gomphus Sandhills Clubtail parvidens Dra onll * carolinus N/A Si 'ficantl Rare N/A Source: North Carolina Natural Hentage Program; Marston, Pmebtutt, ana tiorrman ua~~ topograpmc ' quadrangles (January 2004), kitty://ils.unc.edu/parkprojecUnhp * -Protected species listed only in the EA dated September, 2000 *^ -Protected species listed in both the EA and the National Heritage Program website Natural Communities f_rnwth imnaet ~h~dv Area Name USGS ad Ma Coastal Plain Semi- ermanent Impoundment Hoffman, Pinebluff, Marston Coastal Plain Bottomland Hardwoods (Blackwater Sub e) Pinebluff Coastal Plain Small Stream Swamp (Blackwater Sub *^ Pinebluff, Marston, Hoffman Mesic Pine Flatwoods Hoffma Marston C ress -Gum Swam lackwater Subt Pinebluff Pine/Scrub Oak Sandhill Pinebluff, Marston, Hoffman Oak - Hicko Forest Pinebluff Sandhill Seep Pineblul~ Marston, Hoffman Streamhead Atlantic White Cedar Forest Hoffman, Pinebluff Small Depression Pocosin Marston, Pinebluff Small D ression Pond Marston Streamhead Pocosin*^ Marston, Hoffman, Pinebluff Vernal Pool Marston, Pinebluff Wet Pine Flatwoods Marston, Hoffrnan, Pinebluff Xeric Sandhill Scrub*^ Marston, Hoffinan, Pinebluff Maintained Lawns* N/A Roadside Shoulder* N/A Successional Pine Forest (Pine Plantation)* N/A Source: North Carolma Natural Hentage Program; Horrinan, rmebluII,lvlars[on u ova ropograpiuc quadrangles (January 2004), httP://ils.unc.edu/park~rojecUnhp * -Natural community listed only in the EA dated September, 2000 *^ -Natural community listed in both the EA and the National Heritage Program website National Register Districts (irnwth impact Sh~dv Area Name Address Status McLeod Famil Rural Com lex .4 miles west of US 1, Pine Bluff, NC National Re inter Source: North C:aiolma riisloric Preservation vrnce tHUgust t,w4~, httn://www.hpo. dcr. state.nc.us/nrlist.htm 26 1 1 1 1 ~- TIP R-2502, Richmond & Moore Counties Qualitative Indirect and Cumulative Effects December 30, 2004 Area Streams and Water Quality C'rnwth impact Studv Area S Affected Water Case of Impainm~nt ' P~rioz3ty Nortio~ Chssification Drowning From Naked Creek Creek to Horse Creek WS-II Sw Fish Adviso -Merc Hi h From Horse Creek to a point 0.4 miles Drowning upstream of US Creek Route 1 WS-II Sw CA Fish Adviso -Mercury Hi From a point 0.4 miles upstream of Drowning US Route 1 to the Creek Lumber River C Sw HQW Fish Advisory -Merc High Source: North (;arotma lhvision of Water lluallty (luu4), rittp:iiwww.nto.enr.srate.nc.wi 27 ;~ TIP R~-2502, Nloore & Richmond C'r~nuties ~ Qualitr6ive Indirect and Cntnulafive Effects Assessment ~~. December30, 2004 FIGURE 1-TIP R-2502 Af~D RELATED PROJECTS ® GROWTH IMPACT STUDY AREA n®ee®~` TIP R-2502 o~Cr.~oo~ TIP R-2501 HIGHWAYS ROADS -~--~- RAILROADS RIVERS & STREAMS WATER BODIES ~----_ j ______; COUNTY BOUNDARY TOWN OF HOFFMAN 0 0.5 1 2 Miles N Map Sources: North Carolina Department of Transportation Emtronmental Systems Researoh InstAuta (ESRq HNTB North Cardlna, P.C. 17P R-2502, Nloore & Rrchnwnd Counties y,. .~, ~ ~Nll]l![Rlve Indirect a-~d Cumulative Effects Assessme~u - Derember3Q 2004 5 ~ ~~ /`. FIGURE 2 DEMOGRAPHIC AREA ®GROWTH IMPACT STUDY AREA ~~~®®® TIP R-2502 HIGHWAYS ROADS -+-+- RAILROADS --- RIVERS & STREAMS r-- WATERBODIES -~COUNTYBOUNDARY ~_____i BLOCK GROUP CT 106, BG 3 CT 106, BG 4 CT 9512, BG 1 CT 9512, BG 2 GT 9512, BG 3 CT 9701, BG 1 GT 9701, BG 2 CT 9710, BG 1 CT 9711, BG 1 N 0 1 2 4 Miles Map Sources: Nodh Carolina Department of Transportation Envlroamental Systems Research Inslttule IESNiI US Cerrous Bureau NNTB Norlh Cardlna, P.C. MOORE RICHMOND SCOTLAND TIF 12502, ~Yloore & Richmond Connties s ~ ~, Qualit~ive Indirect and Cumulative Effects Assessme~W Uecember30, 2004 FIGURE 3 EXISTING ZONING GROWTH IMPACT STUDY AREA ~e~®~® TIP R-2502 HIGHWAYS ROADS -~--~- RAILROADS RIVERS & STREAMS ~ _' WATER BODIES ~ ~ • COUNTY BOUNDARY L____~ HIGHWAY COMMERCIAL OVERLAY ZQNING ;RURAL BUSINESS . COMMERCIAL w, INDUSTRIAL 'CONSERVATION ~`^ RURAL RESIDENTIAL AGRICULTURAL RESIDENTIAL ESTATE RESIDENTIAL GENERAL RESIDENTIAL 0 0.5 1 ~' ~1~iles Map Sources: North Carallna Department of Transportation Environmental Systems Research Inatltute (ESR1) HNTS~~Narth Carolina, P.C. A MOOFZE RICHMOND SCOTLAND ~ TIP R-202, binare & R~chnwnd Ca~nties ~, ~, ~ m ~luatitative Indirect and Cnniulutive Effects Assessntertl `- ~ ~ ~ lleeem6er30,200A FIGURE 4 ENVIRONMENTAL FEATURES ® GROWTH IMPACT STUDY AREA ®~0~~®e TIP R-25Q2 ~ ~ i COUNTY BOUNDARY ~----- HIGHWAYS -° 303(4) IMPAIRED WATER BODY ROADS -+--i- RAILROADS RIVERS & STREAMS ~ 'WATER BODIES r ~~ i WATER SUBBASIN BOUNDARY ~------~ OUTSTANDING RESOURCE WATER WETLANDS WATER SUPPLY WATERSHED (WSW DROWNING CREEK (WSW II) HITCHCOCK CREEK (WSW III) WSW CRITICAL AREA N 0 0.5 1 2 Miles Map9ources; North Carollna Department of TranspoRatlan Environmental Systams Research Institute (ESRq HNTB NoRh Carollna, P.C. TIP R-2501, ,~Inare & Richmond Cautties~ q, Qualite~ive Indirect and Cumulative Eff"ects Assessment ,:' ~ Uecembc730,1004 FIGURE 5 NOTABLE FEATURES ®GROWTH IMPACT STUDY AREA ®~®®®®I TIP R-2502 HIGHWAYS ROADS ++ RAILROADS --- RIVERS & STREAMS WATER BODIES a ~ COUNTY BOUNDARY L__._J USGS QUAD (WITH LABELS) NORTH CAROLINA MOTOR SPEE DWAY SANDILLS AREA LAND TRUST C~ CAMP MACKALL SANDHILLS GAMELANDS MCLEOD FAMILY RURAL TRACT TOWN OF HOFFMAN N 0 0.5 1 2 Miles Map Sources: North Carallna Dopartmant of TranspoAatlon Envlronmenlal Systems Research InstRute {ESRq HNTB NoAh Carolina, P.C.