HomeMy WebLinkAbout#5502_2022_0302_TLH_FINALNC Department of Environmental Quality | Division of Water Resources | Laboratory Certification Branch
4405 Reedy Creek Road | 1623 Mail Service Center | Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1623
919-733-3908
May 4, 2022
5502
Mr. Ryan Swain
Town of Creswell
P.O. Box 68
Creswell, NC 27928
Subject: North Carolina Wastewater/Groundwater Laboratory Certification Branch (NC
WW/GW LCB) Maintenance Inspection
Dear Mr. Swain:
Enclosed is a report for the inspection performed on March 3, 2022 by Thomas Halvosa. I
apologize for the delay in getting this report to you. Where Finding(s) are cited in this report, a
response is required. Within thirty days, please supply this office with a written item for item
description of how these Finding(s) were corrected. Please describe the steps taken to prevent
recurrence and include an implementation date for each corrective action. If the Finding(s) cited
in the enclosed report are not corrected, enforcement actions may be recommended. For
Certification maintenance, your laboratory must continue to carry out the requirements set forth
in 15A NCAC 02H .0800.
A copy of the laboratory’s Certified Parameter List at the time of the audit is attached. This list will
reflect any changes made during the audit. Copies of the checklists completed during the
inspection may be requested from this office. Thank you for your cooperation during the
inspection. If you have questions or need additional information, please contact me at (919) 733-
3908 Ext. 259.
Sincerely,
Beth Swanson
Technical Assistance & Compliance Specialist
Division of Water Resources
Attachment
cc: Todd Crawford, Thomas Halvosa, #5502
On-Site Inspection Report
LABORATORY NAME: Town of Creswell
NPDES PERMIT #: NC0027600
ADDRESS: 110 Palmetto Street
Creswell, NC 27928
CERTIFICATE #: 5502
DATE OF INSPECTION: March 2, 2022
TYPE OF INSPECTION: Field Municipal Maintenance
AUDITOR: Tom Halvosa
LOCAL PERSON CONTACTED:
Ryan Swain
I. INTRODUCTION:
This laboratory was inspected by a representative of the North Carolina Wastewater/Groundwater
Laboratory Certification Branch (NC WW/GW LCB) to verify its compliance with the requirements of 15A
NCAC 02H .0800 for the analysis of compliance monitoring samples.
II. GENERAL COMMENTS:
The facility has all the equipment necessary to perform the analyses but the Creswell Water Treatment
Plant (WTP) laboratory was not neat or well organized. Contract laboratory client reports were scattered
around the facility and were not well organized, which made them difficult to retrieve. During the inspection
it was discovered that there is another permit associated with this Certification (Creswell Wastewater
Treatment Plant, NC0048861). This inspection did not include the Wastewater Treatment Plant. The
Findings and Comments in this report deal only with the Water Treatment Plant. However, all
requirements listed in this report would also apply to the Wastewater Treatment Plant.
All required Proficiency Testing (PT) Samples for the 2022 PT Calendar Year have not yet been analyzed.
The laboratory is reminded that results must be received by this office directly from the vendor by
September 30, 2022.
The laboratory did not have Quality Assurance (QA) and/or Standard Operating Procedure (SOP)
document(s) in place for all currently certified parameters. These documents must be submitted for
review as specified in Finding I.
The laboratory is reminded that any time changes are made to laboratory procedures, QA/SOP
document(s) must be updated and relevant staff retrained. Staff must acknowledge that they have read
and understand the changes as part of the documented training program. The same requirements apply
when changes are made in response to Findings, Recommendations or Comments listed in this report,
to ensure the methods are being performed as stated, references to methods are accurate, and the QA
and/or SOP document(s) is in agreement with each approved practice, test, analysis, measurement,
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# 5502 Town of Creswell
monitoring procedure or regulatory requirement being used in the laboratory. In some instances, the
laboratory may need to create an SOP to document how new functions or policies will be implemented.
The laboratory is also reminded that SOPs are required to be reviewed at least every two years and are
intended to describe procedures exactly as they are to be performed. Use of the word “should” is not
appropriate when describing requirements (e.g., Quality Control (QC) frequency, acceptance criteria, etc.).
Evaluate all SOPs for the proper use of the word “should”.
Contracted analyses are performed by Environment 1, Inc. (Certification # 10).
Approved Procedure documents for the analysis of the facility’s currently certified Field Parameters were
provided at the time of the inspection.
III. FINDINGS, REQUIREMENTS, COMMENTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS:
General Laboratory
A. Finding: Equipment and counter tops in the Water Treatment Laboratory were dirty and
cluttered to the point where sample contamination could become an issue.
Requirement: Each facility shall have glassware, chemicals, supplies, equipment, and a
source of water that meets the criteria of the approved methodologies. Samples shall be
analyzed in such a manner that contamination or error will not be introduced. Ref: 15A
NCAC 02H .0805 (g) (6).
Comment: See photo at the end of this report.
Documentation
B. Finding: The laboratory benchsheet for Total Residual Chlorine (TRC), Dissolved
Oxygen (DO), pH and Temperature is lacking required documentation: the method or
Standard Operating Procedure reference, the instrument identification, the sample collector,
the signature or initials of the analyst, the proper units of measure, the quality control
assessments and the true values of the TRC Daily Check Standard, and calibration and
check standard buffers for pH.
Requirement: All laboratories shall use printable laboratory benchsheets. Certified Data
shall be traceable to the associated sample analyses and shall consist of: the method or
Standard Operating Procedure, the instrument identification, the sample collector, the
signature or initials of the analyst, the proper units of measure, the quality control
assessments. Each item shall be recorded each time samples are analyzed. Analyses shall
conform to methodologies found in Subparagraph (a)(1) of this Rule. Ref: 15A NCAC 02H
.0805 (g) (2) (A), (C), (D), (E), (L), and (O).
Requirement: The following must be documented in indelible ink whenever sample analysis
is performed: True value of the Daily Check Standard. Ref: NC WW/GW LCB Approved
Procedure for the Analysis of Total Residual Chlorine (DPD Colorimetric by SM 4500 Cl G-
2011).
Requirement: The following must be documented in indelible ink whenever sample analysis
is performed: True values of buffers used for calibration and true value for the check
standard buffer. Ref: NC WW/GW LCB Approved Procedure for the Analysis of pH.
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Comment: The laboratory benchsheet consists of a small spiral notebook that lacks method
descriptions, instrument identifications and analyst signature or initials for all parameters.
The DO, pH and Temperature parameters lack proper units. The TRC parameter is lacking
documentation of the Daily Check Standard and the acceptance criterion. The pH parameter
is lacking documentation of the calibration buffers and check standard buffer as well as
acceptance criterion. The laboratory was provided with acceptable benchsheets the day
after the inspection.
C. Finding: The laboratory is not documenting the salinity, barometric pressure or
temperature used in the DO meter calibration verification.
Requirement: Laboratory procedures shall comply with Subparagraph (a)(1) of this Rule.
Ref: 15A NCAC 02H .0805 (g) (4).
Requirement: The following must be documented in indelible ink whenever sample
analysis is performed: Calibration variables (temperature, elevation or barometric
pressure [in mmHg], and salinity). Ref: NC WW/GW LCB Approved Procedure for the
Analysis of Dissolved Oxygen (DO).
Comment: The Hach HQ40D multimeter has an internal barometer that can be
programmed to display the barometric pressure. Instructions on how to program the
meter to display the barometric pressure were given to the laboratory after the inspection.
If the Salinities for all sampling locations are less than 9 ppt, then the laboratory can note
that on their benchsheet and not record Salinity every analysis. Refer to Finding O for
additional information regarding salinity values.
D. Finding: All original records are not being maintained for five years.
Requirement: All analytical records, including original observations and information
necessary to facilitate historical reconstruction of the calculated results, shall be
maintained for five years. Ref: 15A NCAC 02H .0805 (g) (1).
Comment: The laboratory is not maintaining compliance sample analysis results or PT
Sample results for five years and was not aware of the requirement.
E. Finding: The laboratory is not documenting traceability information for purchased materials,
reagents and standards. Cited previously on February 19, 2013.
Requirement: 15A NCAC 02H .0805 (a)(7)(K) and (g)(7) requires laboratories to have a
documented system of traceability for the purchase, preparation, and use of all
chemicals, reagents, standards, and consumables. That system must include
documentation of the following information: Date received, Date Opened (in use), Vendor,
Lot Number, and Expiration Date (where specified). This information as well as the
vendor and/or manufacturer, lot number, and expiration date must be retained for primary
standards, chemicals, reagents, and materials used for a period of five years.
Consumable materials such as pH buffers, lots of pre-made standards and/or media,
solids and bacteria filters, etc. are included in this requirement. Ref: NC WW/GW LCB
Policy.
Comment: The laboratory does not have a traceability log.
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# 5502 Town of Creswell
Proficiency Testing
F. Finding: The laboratory is not documenting the preparation of PT Samples. Cited
previously on February 19, 2013.
Requirement: PT Samples received as ampules are diluted according to the Accredited PT
Sample Provider’s instructions. It is important to remember to document the preparation of
PT Samples in a traceable log or other traceable format. The diluted PT Sample then
becomes a routine Compliance Sample and is added to a routine sample batch for analysis.
No documentation is needed for whole volume PT Samples which require no preparation,
however the instructions must be maintained. Ref: Proficiency Testing Requirements,
February 19, 2020, Revision 5, Section 3.6.
Comment: Dating and initialing the instruction sheet for each prepared PT Sample would
satisfy the documentation requirement.
G. Finding: The laboratory is not documenting PT Sample analyses in the same manner as
routine Compliance Samples. Cited previously on February 19, 2013.
Requirement: All PT Sample analyses must be recorded in the daily analysis records as for
any Compliance Sample. This serves as the permanent laboratory record. Ref: Proficiency
Testing Requirements, February 19, 2020, Revision 5, Section 3.6.
Requirement: The laboratory shall retain all records necessary to facilitate historical
reconstruction of the analysis and reporting of analytical results for PT Samples. This means
the laboratory must have available and retain for five years [pursuant to 15A NCAC 02H
.0805 (a) (7) (E) and (g) (1)] all of the raw data, including benchsheets, instrument printouts
and calibration data, for all PT Sample analyses and the associated QC analyses conducted
by all parameter methods. Ref: Proficiency Testing Requirements, February 19, 2020,
Revision 5, Section 4.0.
Requirement: The analysis of Proficiency Testing (PT) Samples is designed to evaluate the
entire process used to routinely analyze and report Compliance Sample results. PT
Samples must be analyzed the same as Compliance Samples. Also, documentation must
be made on the same benchsheets used for Compliance Samples. Ref: NC WW/GW LCB
Proficiency Testing Samples Analyzed and Documented Same as Compliance Samples
Policy.
Comment: The laboratory is not documenting PT Sample results. The analysis of PT
samples is designed to evaluate the entire process used to routinely report environmental
analytical results; therefore, PT samples must be analyzed and the process documented in
the same manner as Compliance Samples. The policy requirement above went into effect
after the inspection, on March 9, 2022.
Quality Control
H. Finding: Chemicals and/or reagents are used beyond the expiration date.
Requirement: Chemical containers shall be dated when received and when opened.
Reagent containers shall be dated, identified, and initialed when prepared. Chemicals and
reagents exceeding the expiration date shall not be used. Chemicals and reagents shall be
assigned expiration dates by the laboratory if not given by the manufacturer. If the laboratory
is unable to determine an expiration date for a chemical or reagent, a one-year time period
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from the date of receipt shall be the expiration date unless degradation is observed prior to
this date. Ref: 15A NCAC 02H .0805 (g) (7).
Comment: The Hach ULR Chlorine Buffer Solution and DPD Indicator Solution used for
TRC analyses had an expiration date of October 2020. The Hach SINGLET™ Single-Use
pH 7.00 Buffer had an expiration date of March 2018 and the pH 10.01 Buffer had an
expiration date of February 2018.
I. Finding: SOPs have not been developed for all the methods included on the laboratory’s
Certified Parameters Listing (CPL).
Requirement: Laboratory procedures shall comply with Subparagraph (a)(1) of this Rule.
A copy of each analytical method or Approved Procedure and Standard Operating
Procedure shall be available to each analyst and available for review upon request by the
State Laboratory. Standard Operating Procedure documentation shall state the effective
date of the document and shall be reviewed every two years and updated if changes in
procedures are made. Each laboratory shall have a formal process to track and
document review dates and any revisions made in all Standard Operating Procedure
documents. Supporting Records shall be maintained as evidence that these practices are
implemented. Ref: 15A NCAC 02H .0805 (g) (4).
Comment: The laboratory must have a QA/SOP document(s) for the parameters
included on their CPL by October 3, 2022. These must be submitted for review upon
completion. SOP templates have been developed and were provided to the laboratory
prior to the inspection. A written response is required.
J. Finding: The laboratory is lacking a documented training program.
Requirement: Each laboratory shall develop and implement a documented training program
that includes the following: that staff have the education, training, experience, or
demonstrated skills needed to generate quality control results within method-specified limits
and that meet the requirements of these Rules; that staff have read the laboratory quality
assurance manual or applicable Standard Operating Procedures; that staff have obtained
acceptable results on Proficiency Testing Samples pursuant to Rule .0803(1) of this Section
or other demonstrations of proficiency (e.g., side-by-side comparison with a trained analyst,
acceptable results on a single-blind performance evaluation sample, an initial demonstration
of capability study prescribed by the reference method). Ref: 15A NCAC 02H .0805 (g) (5).
K. Finding: The laboratory is not calibrating the mechanical volumetric liquid-dispensing
device used for critical measurements at least once every twelve months.
Requirement: Mechanical volumetric liquid-dispensing devices (e.g., fixed and
adjustable auto-pipettors and bottle-top dispensers) shall be calibrated at least once
every twelve months. Ref: 15A NCAC 02H .0805 (g) (10).
Comment: The analyst uses an adjustable pipettor to prepare the annual TRC PT
Sample. Alternatively, the laboratory could use a 1 mL Class A volumetric pipette and
forgo the use of the adjustable pipettor when preparing the annual TRC PT.
Chlorine, Total Residual – Standard Methods, 4500 Cl G-2011 (Aqueous)
L. Finding for Immediate Response: The laboratory is not verifying the instrument’s Factory-
set Calibration Curve every 12 months. Cited previously on February 19, 2013.
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Requirement: Laboratory procedures shall comply with Subparagraph (a)(1) of this Rule.
Ref: 15A NCAC 02H .0805 (g) (4).
Requirement: Annual Factory-set Calibration Curve Verification: This type of calibration
curve verification must be performed initially, at least every 12 months and any time the
instrument optics are serviced. Zero the instrument with a Calibration Blank and then
analyze a Method Blank and a series of five standards (do not use gel or sealed liquid
standards for this purpose). The calibration standard values obtained must not vary by more
than ±10% from the known value for standard concentrations greater than or equal to 50
μg/L and must not vary by more than ±25% from the known value for standard
concentrations less than 50 μg/L. Ref: NC WW/GW LCB Approved Procedure for the
Analysis of Total Residual Chlorine (DPD Colorimetric by SM 4500 Cl G-2011).
Comment: The analyst did not have a 5-standard calibration curve verification
documentation for the Hach DR 2800 meter. Because the lack of a valid calibration curve
can cast serious doubt on the validity of data produced on the meter and the fact that the
laboratory had been previously cited for not having performed the required 5-standard
calibration curve verification, a Notice of Finding for Immediate Response (NOFIR) was
issued. A response time of two weeks was given. Subsequent to the NOFIR being issued, it
was determined that the TRC meter needed to be serviced by Hach. The laboratory has
sent the meter to Hach for repair and is currently using a loaner TRC meter in the interim.
M. Finding: The laboratory is not assigning the gel-type standard a true value every twelve
months.
Requirement: Laboratory procedures shall comply with Subparagraph (a)(1) of this Rule.
Ref: 15A NCAC 02H .0805 (g) (4).
Requirement: Purchased “gel-type” or sealed liquid standards may be used only for daily
calibration curve verifications. These standards must have a true value assigned initially and
every 12 months thereafter. Ref: NC WW/GW LCB Approved Procedure for the Analysis of
Total Residual Chlorine (DPD Colorimetric by SM 4500 Cl G-2011). Please submit a copy
of the gel verification with the report reply.
Comment: The laboratory had verified the Daily Check Gel Standard at some time in the
past and assigned it a true value of 205 µg/L. However, the laboratory could not provide any
documentation of when or how the true value was assigned.
Dissolved Oxygen – Hach 10360-2011, Rev. 1.2 (Aqueous)
N. Finding: The laboratory is not calibrating the meter prior to sample analysis at each
sample site or performing a Post-Analysis Calibration Verification when analyses are
performed at multiple sample sites.
Requirement: Laboratory procedures shall comply with Subparagraph (a)(1) of this Rule.
Ref: 15A NCAC 02H .0805 (g) (4).
Requirement: When performing analyses at multiple sample sites, the meter must be
calibrated at each sample site prior to analysis or a post-analysis calibration verification
must be performed at the end of the run, regardless of meter type. The calculated
theoretical DO value must verify the meter reading within ±0.5 mg/L. If the meter
verification does not read within ±0.5 mg/L of the theoretical DO, corrective action must
be taken. If the meter is not calibrated at each sample site, it is recommended that a mid-
day calibration be performed when samples are extended over an extended period of
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time. Ref: NC WW/GW LCB Approved Procedure for the Analysis of Dissolved Oxygen
(DO).
O. Finding: The laboratory is using the default salinity value of zero without determining
whether it is ≤ 9ppt.
Requirement: Laboratory procedures shall comply with Subparagraph (a)(1) of this Rule.
Ref: 15A NCAC 02H .0805 (g) (4).
Requirement: Per NC WW/GW LC Branch policy, facilities may use the Salinity default
value of zero when calibrating the DO meter unless it is known or suspected that the
Salinity value of the samples being analyzed is > 9 ppt. In those situations, actual Salinity
values must be used. Regardless of which value is used, it must be documented. Ref: NC
WW/GW LCB Approved Procedure for the Analysis of Dissolved Oxygen (DO).
Comment: The laboratory and its sampling locations are located in an area that may
contain brackish water. The Salinity of the wastewater treatment plant Effluent, Upstream
and Downstream samples have not been measured to determine if they exceed 9 ppt
which would prohibit the use of a default Salinity value of zero when performing analyses.
pH – Standard Methods, 4500 H+ B-2011 (Aqueous)
P. Finding: The laboratory is not analyzing a post-analysis check standard buffer when
analyses are performed at multiple sample sites in a single day.
Requirement: Laboratory procedures shall comply with Subparagraph (a)(1) of this Rule.
Ref: 15A NCAC 02H .0805 (g) (4).
Requirement: When performing analyses at multiple sample sites, a post-analysis
calibration verification using the check standard buffer must be analyzed at the end of the
run. It is recommended that a mid-day check standard buffer be analyzed when samples are
analyzed over an extended period of time. The post-analysis check standard buffer(s) must
read within ±0.1 S.U. or corrective actions must be taken. If recalibration is necessary, all
samples analyzed since the last acceptable calibration verification must be reanalyzed, if
possible. If samples cannot be reanalyzed, the data must be qualified. Ref: NC WW/GW
LCB Approved Procedure for the Analysis of pH.
Temperature – Standard Methods, 2550 B-2010 (Aqueous)
Q. Finding for Immediate Response: Documentation could not be supplied that
demonstrates the temperature sensor on the DO meter used to obtain reported
temperature values has been checked against a Reference Temperature-Measuring
Device every 12 months. Cited previously on February 19, 2013.
Requirement: Laboratory procedures shall comply with Subparagraph (a)(1) of this Rule.
Ref: 15A NCAC 02H .0805 (g) (4).
Requirement: All compliance temperature-measuring devices without an NIST traceable
certificate, or with an expired NIST traceable certificate, must be verified against a
Reference Temperature-Measuring Device and the process documented initially and
every 12 months. Verification documentation must include the serial number of the
device being checked. The serial number stated accuracy and expiration date of the
Reference Temperature-Measuring Device used in the comparison must also be
documented. Verification data must be kept on file and be available for inspection for 5
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years. (Note: International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 17025 compliant
vendors or other Certified laboratories may provide assistance in meeting this
requirement. When an ISO compliant vendor provides this assistance, they must provide
the serial number, accuracy and calibration date for the Reference Temperature-
Measuring Device used for the verification. When a Certified laboratory provides this
service, they must provide a copy of the NIST traceable certificate of the Reference
Temperature-Measuring Device used for the verification). Ref: NC WW/GW LCB
Approved Procedure for the Analysis of Temperature.
Requirement: To check a compliance temperature-measuring device, compare readings
at two temperatures that bracket the range of compliance samples routinely analyzed
against a National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) traceable temperature-
measuring device and record all four readings. The readings from both devices must
agree within 0.5 ºC. If they do not, the device may not be used for temperature
compliance monitoring. Ref: NC WW/GW LCB Approved Procedure for the Analysis of
Temperature.
Comment: The analyst is not verifying the accuracy of the temperature-measuring device.
This can cast serious doubt on the validity of data produced on the temperature-measuring
device. Because of this and the fact that the laboratory had been previously cited, a Notice
of Finding for Immediate Response (NOFIR) was issued. A response time of two weeks was
given. A commercial laboratory performed the compliance temperature-measuring device
comparison check on March 10, 2022 and the results were acceptable. The laboratory has
entered into an annual contract where Environment One will notify them that maintenance is
due and take the compliance temperature-measuring device in for comparison. No further
response is necessary for this Finding.
IV. PAPER TRAIL INVESTIGATION:
The paper trail consisted of comparing original records (e.g., laboratory benchsheets, logbooks, etc.)
and contract laboratory reports to Discharge Monitoring Reports (DMRs) submitted to the North Carolina
Division of Water Resources. Data were reviewed for the Town of Creswell (NPDES permit #
NC0027600) for June and November 2021 and January 2022. No transcription errors were observed.
The facility appears to be doing a good job of accurately transcribing data.
V. CONCLUSIONS:
We are concerned with the Findings that were cited previously and not corrected. The number and
severity of the Findings may make much of the data reported by the laboratory appear questionable to third
parties.
Laboratory Decertification Ref: 15A NCAC 02H .0807 (a) (1), (13) and (14):
A laboratory may be decertified for any or all parameters for up to one year for any or all of the following
infractions:
(1) Failing to maintain the facilities, or records, personnel, equipment, or quality control program as
set forth in these Rules; or
(13) Failing to respond to requests for information by the date due; or
(14) Failing to comply with any other terms, conditions, or requirements of this Section or of
Laboratory certification.
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Correcting the above-cited Findings will help this laboratory to produce quality data and meet
Certification requirements. The inspector would like to thank the staff for its assistance during the
inspection and data review process. Please respond to all Findings and include supporting
documentation, implementation dates and steps taken to prevent recurrence for each corrective
action.
Report prepared by: Tom Halvosa Date: March 15, 2022
Report reviewed by: Jill Puff Date: March 16, 2022
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Photo taken March 3, 2022 of Creswell WTP Laboratory
Certificate Number:5502
Effective Date:1/1/2022
Expiration Date:12/31/2022
Lab Name:Town of Creswell WTP
Address:110 Palmetto Street
Creswell, NC 27928
North Carolina Wastewater/Groundwater Laboratory Certification
Certified Parameters Listing
Date of Last Amendment:11/9/2018
The above named laboratory, having duly met the requirements of 15A NCAC 2H.0800, is hereby certified for the measurement of the parameters listed below.
CERTIFIED PARAMETERS
INORGANIC
CHLORINE, TOTAL RESIDUAL
SM 4500 Cl G-2011 (Aqueous)
DISSOLVED OXYGEN
Hach 10360-2011, Rev. 1.2 (Aqueous)
pH
SM 4500 H+B-2011 (Aqueous)
TEMPERATURE
SM 2550 B-2010 (Aqueous)
This certification requires maintance of an acceptable quality assurance program, use of approved methodology, and satisfactory performance on evaluation samples. Laboratories are subject to civil penalties and/or decertification for infractions
as set forth in 15A NCAC 2H.0807.