Loading...
HomeMy WebLinkAbout20100099 Ver 3_Year 2 Monitoring Report_20141118ANNUAL MONITORING REPORT YEAR 2 (2014) Pancho Bank Parcel Pursuant to: Restoration Systems' Umbrella Mitigation Banking Instrument for Riparian Buffer and Nutrient Offset Mitigation Credits - Neuse River Basin PREPARED BY: RESTORATION SYSTEMS, LLC 1101 HAYNES STREET, SUITE 211 RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA 27604 and AXIOM ENVIRONMENTAL, INC. 218 SNOW AVENUE RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA 27603 November 2014 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Restoration Systems (Sponsor) is pleased to provide the North Carolina Division of Water Resources ( NCDWR) this Year 1 (2013) Annual Monitoring Report for the Pancho Bank Parcel (Parcel) pursuant to the Restoration Systems' Neuse River Basin Riparian Buffer & Nutrient Umbrella Mitigation Banking Instrument (Banking Instrument) signed March 17, 2008 between the Sponsor and the NCDWR. The Pancho Bank Parcel is located approximately 13 miles west of Goldsboro in western Wayne County; north of U.S. Highway 13 near the intersection of State Road 1008 (Stevens Mill Road) and State Road 1105 (Dobbersville Road) (Figure 1, Appendix A). Encompassing 65.62 acres of land, the Parcel is within the Neuse River Basin 14 -digit United States Geological Survey (USGS) Cataloging Unit 03020201150050 of the South Atlantic /Gulf Region (North Carolina Division of Water Quality [ NCDWQ] Subbasin Number 03- 04 -04). The Parcel was designed and constructed to provide mitigation credits for unavoidable impacts due to development within the Neuse River Basin. Neuse River riparian buffer mitigation credits provided by this Parcel are available over the entire Neuse River Basin, United States Geological Survey (USGS) 6 -digit Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC) 030202, per 15A NCAC 02B .0242 (Neuse River Basin: Nutrient Sensitive Waters Management Strategy: Mitigation Program for Protection and Maintenance of Existing Riparian Buffers). Mitigation credits for Nutrient Offset are made available within the Neuse River Basin USGS 8 -digit HUC 03020201 excluding the Falls Lake Drainage Basin. Prior to construction activities, Parcel land use was agricultural based and utilized for livestock grazing and row crop production with degraded forest pockets. Pasture areas were accessible to livestock and were routinely cleared for hay production, resulting in local disturbances to stream banks and wetland soil surfaces. Additional land use practices included the maintenance and removal of riparian vegetation; ditching of adjacent riparian wetlands; and relocation, dredging, and channelization of onsite streams resulting in degraded water quality and excessive sedimentation resulting from unstable banks (stream entrenchment, erosion, and bank collapse). Adjacent land use is currently characterized by pasture land for hay production and livestock grazing. Prior to construction adjacent landowners installed and will be responsible for the maintenance of fencing to protect from livestock trespass and damage to Parcel assets. Parcel construction activities were concluded in early April 2013. An onsite determination for applicability to the Neuse River Riparian Buffer Rules (15A NCAC 213 .0233) was conducted in June 2013 and NCDWR approved the Pancho Bank Parcel Development Package on October 4, 2013. The Sponsor currently owns the property in fee simple, a perpetual Conservation Easement was placed over the Parcel on April 18, 2012. This Parcel was designed and implemented in concurrence with the Pancho Steam & Wetland Mitigation Bank (Corps Action ID # SAW -2010- 00142). Restoration of riparian corridors was accomplished in conjuncture with the objectives and methods outlined by the Pancho Stream & Wetland Mitigation Bank. Primary objectives of the riparian restoration focused on improving water quality, enhancing flood attenuation, and Year 2 (2014) Monitoring Report Executive Summary Pancho Stream and Wetland Mitigation Bank restoring wildlife habitat by planting a forested riparian buffer adjacent to stream channels, Primary objectives were accomplished by the following. 1. Removing nonpoint sources of pollution associated with agricultural production including a) removing livestock and b) ceasing the broadcast application of fertilizer, pesticides, and other agricultural materials into and adjacent to Parcel streams through treatment of runoff within the forested buffer. 2. Reducing sedimentation within onsite and downstream receiving waters by a) reducing bank erosion, vegetation maintenance, plowing, and hoof shear adjacent to Parcel streams, and b) removing livestock from the Parcel. 3. Promoting floodwater attenuation by increasing frictional resistance on floodwaters crossing Parcel floodplains. 4. Improving aquatic habitat by enhancing stream bed shading and natural detritus input. 5. Providing a terrestrial wildlife corridor and refuge in an area extensively developed for agricultural production. 6. Restoring and reestablishing natural community structure, habitat diversity, and functional continuity. 7. Protecting the Parcel's full potential of stream and riparian buffer functions and values in perpetuity. The primary objectives were achieved by implementing a two phase restoration plan, which consisted of the following. 1. Re- establishment of riparian buffer forest up to 200 linear feet from channel margins. 2. Permanent protection of the Parcel in a conservation easement. Vegetation sampling across the Parcel was above the required average density with 663 planted tree stems per acre (excluding livestakes) surviving in year 2 (2014). In addition, all individual plots exceeded success criteria with the exception of Plots 8 and 9, which were each two stems shy of success. The area surrounding these plots is characterized by compacted soils from previous agricultural land -use, so planted stem survival is low. Additionally, a small area (soil borrow area from Site construction) between the main tributary and Kennedy Mill Branch was observed to have bare, eroded, nutrient poor soil and low planted stem survival. A remedial action plan for this area including fertilization, installation of erosion control matting, and replanting with bare root stems, will be developed in late 2014 /early 2015. Further correspondence with the DWR will occur prior to any action. Year 2 (2014) Monitoring Report Executive Summary Pancho Stream and Wetland Mitigation Bank TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVESUMMARY .............................................................................. ............................... i 1.0 MONITORING AND SUCCESS CRITERIA ..................................... ............................... 1 2.0 MITIGATION POTENTIAL ................................................................ ............................... 1 3.0 MAINTENANCE AND CONTINGENCY .......................................... ............................... 1 4.0 REFERENCES ..................................................................................... ............................... 2 APPENDICES APPENDIX A. SITE LOCATION MAP AND BACKGROUND TABLES Figure 1. Site Location Table 1. Project Components and Mitigation Units Table 2. Project Activity and Reporting History Table 3. Project Contacts Table Table 4. Project Baseline Information and Attributes Table 5. Reference Forest Ecosystem Table 6. Planted Tree Species APPENDIX B. VISUAL ASSESSMENT DATA Figure 2. Current Conditions Plan View Figure 3. Mitigation Components and Assets Marsh Treatment Area Photos Vegetation Monitoring Plot Photos APPENDIX C. VEGETATION PLOT DATA Table 7. Total and Planted Stems by Plot and Species Year 2 (2014) Monitoring Report Table of Contents page i Pancho Bank Parcel 1.0 MONITORING AND SUCCESS CRITERIA Restoration monitoring procedures for vegetation will include periodic visual inspection and annual plant survival and species diversity survey reports. Quantitative sampling of vegetation will be performed as outlined in the CVS Level 1 -2 Protocol for Recording Vegetation, Version 4.2 (Lee et al. 2008). Detailed qualitative and quantitative monitoring is proposed for vegetated riparian areas. Marsh treatment areas will be visually inspected periodically and reported qualitatively within the annual monitoring report, which will include photographic record of the Parcel's assets. Monitoring of the restoration efforts will be performed for five years or until success criteria are fulfilled. Restoration Systems shall submit annual monitoring reports to NCDWR no later than December 31" of each year. Quantitative monitoring will occur at sixteen (16) 10x10 meter vegetation plots (Figure 2, Appendix B). Vegetation sampling will be performed as outlined in the CVS Level 1 -2 Protocol for Recording Vegetation, Version 4.2 (Lee et al. 2008) in September or October for the remainder of the monitoring period or until vegetation success criteria are achieved. During the first year, vegetation will receive a cursory, visual evaluation on a periodic basis to ascertain the degree of overtopping of planted elements by nuisance species. Success criteria within the riparian buffer and nutrient offset restoration areas will be based on the survival of planted species at a density of 320 stems per acre after five years of monitoring. Natural recruits will not count towards annual success criteria, but may be taken into account during review by the NCDWR. 2.0 MITIGATION POTENTIAL Riparian areas suitable to generate mitigation credit were calculated by measuring 50 linear feet horizontally from the top of bank on all subject streams for Neuse riparian buffer credit and 200 linear feet from the top of bank on all hydrologically connected conveyances for nutrient offset mitigation. Riparian buffer credits were measured by the hundredth of an acre and converted into square feet. The Parcel will generate 16.35 acres of restored riparian area; of that 11.33 acres will be used specifically for nutrient offset credit, generating 25,753.31 pounds of nitrogen offset credit (the NCDWR determined that restored riparian areas at the Parcel would abate 2273.02 pounds per acre of nitrogen), and the remaining 5.02 acres (218,671.2 sq. ft.) will be used for Neuse riparian buffer credits. The mitigation provided in the Neuse riparian buffer can be used for either Neuse riparian buffer credits or nutrient offset credits, but not both. The Sponsor will request and receive approval of the transfer of any mitigation credits from NCDWR. All mitigation credit assets shall be shown on the credit ledgers. Figure 3 (Appendix B) and Table 1 (Appendix A) summarize the Parcel's components and mitigation credits. 3.0 MAINTENANCE AND CONTINGENCY A remedial action plan will be developed and implemented with the approval of NCDWR in the event that the Parcel or a specific component of the Parcel fails to achieve success criteria as outlined above. Other vegetation maintenance and repair activities may include pruning, mulching, and fertilizing. In the event that exotic invasive plant species require treatment, such species will be controlled by mechanical (physical removal with the use of a chainsaw) and/or Year 2 (2014) Monitoring Report Page 1 Pancho Bank Parcel chemical methods (aquatic approved herbicide) in accordance with North Carolina Department of Agriculture (NCDA) rules and regulations. 4.0 REFERENCES Griffith, G.E., J.M. Omernik, J.A. Comstock, M.P. Schafale, W.H. McNab, D.R. Lenat, T.F. MacPherson, J.B. Glover, and V.B. Shelbourne. 2002. Ecoregions of North Carolina and South Carolina. U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia. Lee, M.T., R.K. Peet, S.D. Roberts, and T.R. Wentworth. 2008. CVS -EEP Protocol for Recording Vegetation. Version 4.2. North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Ecosystem Enhancement Program. Raleigh, North Carolina. Neuse River Nutrient Sensitive Waters Management Strategy 15A NCAC 2B .0233, 15A NCAC 02B .024 1, and 15A NCAC 02B .0242 North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Ecosystem Enhancement Program. Guidelines for Riparian Buffer Restoration. October 2004 Schafale, M.P. and A.S. Weakley. 1990. Classification of the Natural Communities of North Carolina: Third Approximation. North Carolina Natural Heritage Program, Division of Parks and Recreation, N.C. Department of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources. Raleigh, North Carolina. Year 2 (2014) Monitoring Report Page 2 Pancho Bank Parcel APPENDIX A. SITE LOCATION MAP AND BACKGROUND TABLES Figure 1. Site Location Table 1. Project Components and Mitigation Units Table 2. Project Activity and Reporting History Table 3. Project Contacts Table Table 4. Project Baseline Information and Attributes Table 5. Reference Forest Ecosystem Table 6. Planted Tree Species Year 2 (2014) Monitoring Report Appendices Pancho Bank Parcel s N j i JOHNSTON REEN �; I WAYNE ENOIR J t., 9034 \ SAMPSON DUPLIN r — k o • _ 4 ` :Goldsboro a R r - � e r a O -Q Pancho *•7/r.._ Bank _ -0 = Parcel y Directions to the Site from Raleigh, NC: fi•r�,,, t I -> Travel east on U.S. Highway 70 Travel - 37 miles on U.S. Highway 70 to the intersection ' r °N� ; — i C Q} - with Martin Livestock Road Turn Martin Livestock Road right at (0.7 mile) i s Turn right at Progressive Church Road (4 miles) Turn left at Brogden Road (0.5 mile) -> Turn right at Richardson Bridge Road (5.3 miles) -> Turn left at T- intersection onto Harper House Road, 0 0.5 1 2 3 4 which becomes Stevens Mill Road (1.3 miles) Miles — -> The Bank is located where Kennedy Mill Branch crosses Stevens Mill Road Scale 1:120,000 -' "` -> Latitude: 35.3337550 N, Longitude: 78.192699° W Dwn. By: Axiom Environmental, Inc. SITE LOCATION CLF /KRJ FIGURE Date: Jan 2014 218 Snow Avenue Raleigh, NC 27603 PANCHO BANK PARCEL Project: jL 919- 215 -1693 Wayne County, North Carolina 13 -010 Table 1. Project Components and Mitigation Credits Pancho Bank Parcel, Wayne County, NC Mitigation Credits Nutrient Offset (Nitrogen only) Restoration Restoration Equivalent 11.33 -- Projects Components Existing Acreage Restoration / Mit. Ratio Restoration Acreage Mitigation / Acre Comment 11.33 Restoration (1:1) 11.33 2273.02 lbs. / acre Cessation of current land use practices, removing invasive species, and planting with native forest vegetation. Component Summation Restoration Level Nutrient Offset Credits lbs. Restoration 11.33 acres = 25,753.31 lbs. Totals 11.33 acres = 25,753.31 lbs. Neuse Riparian Buffer Restoration Restoration Equivalent 5.02 -- Projects Components Existing Acreage Restoration / Mit. Ratio Restoration Acreage Mitigation / Acre Comment 5.02 Restoration (1:1) 5.02 43,560 sq. ft. / acre Cessation of current land use practices, removing invasive species, and planting with native forest vegetation. Component Summation Restoration Level Neuse Riparian Buffer Credits (sq. ft.) Restoration 5.02 acres = 218,671.2 sq. ft. Totals 5.02 acres = 218,671.2 sq. ft. Table 2. Project Activity and Reporting History Pancho Bank Parcel, Wayne County, NC Activity or Report Data Collection Completion or Delivery Restoration Systems Neuse UMBI NA March 2008 BPDP NA September 2013 Conservation Easement NA April 2012 Construction NA April 2013 Bare Root Planting NA March 2013 As -Built & Baseline Monitoring Document July 2013 January 2014 Year 1 (2013) Annual Monitoring October 2013 January 2014 Year 2 (2014) Annual Monitoring August 2014 October 2014 Year 2 (2014) Monitoring Report Appendices Pancho Bank Parcel Table 3. Project Contacts Table Pancho Mitigation Bank Mitigation Provider Restoration Systems 1101 Haynes Street, Suite 211 County Raleigh, North Carolina 27604 Wayne George Howard and John Preyer 919 - 755 -9490 Designer Axiom Environmental, Inc. Project Coordinates (latitude and longitude) 218 Snow Avenue 35.333755° N, - 78.192699° W (NAD 83 /WGS 84) Raleigh, NC 27603 Physiographic Province Grant Lewis 919 - 215 -1693 Construction and Seeding Contractor Land Mechanic Designs 780 Landmark Road USGS Hydrologic Unit 8 -digit Willow Spring, NC 27592 Lloyd Glover 919 - 639 -6132 Planting Contractor Carolina Silvics 908 Indian Trail Road Project Drainage Area, Total Outfall (miles) Edenton, NC 27932 +/-3.3 Mary Margaret McKinney 252- 482 -8491 Nursery Stock Suppliers ArborGen 888 - 888 -7158 As -built Surveyor K2 Design Group Cropland and Pasture 5688 US Highway 70 East Goldsboro, NC 27534 John Rudolph 919- 751 -0075 Baseline Data Collection & Axiom Environmental, Inc. Annual Monitoring 218 Snow Avenue Raleigh, NC 27603 Grant Lewis 919 - 215 -1693 Table 4. Project Baseline Information & Attributes Table Pancho Bank Parcel, Wavne Countv, NC Project Information Project Name Pancho County Wayne Project Area (acres) 65.62 Project Coordinates (latitude and longitude) 35.333755° N, - 78.192699° W (NAD 83 /WGS 84) Project Watershed Summary Information Physiographic Province Southeastern Floodplains and Low Terraces & Rolling Coastal Plain River Basin Neuse USGS Hydrologic Unit 8 -digit 03020201 USGS Hydrologic Unit 14 -digit 03020201150050 DWQ Sub -basin 03 -04 -06 Project Drainage Area, Total Outfall (miles) +/-3.3 Project Drainage Area Impervious Area < 5% CGIA Land Use Classification Cropland and Pasture Year 2 (2014) Monitoring Report Appendices Pancho Bank Parcel Table 5. Reference Forest Ecosystem Pancho Bank Parcel, Wayne County, NC Onsite Observations + Mesic Mixed Hardwood Forest & Coastal Plain Bottomland Hardwoods Canopy Species Understory Species Red maple (Acer rubrum) Red maple (Acer rubrum) River birch (Betula ni a) River birch (Betula ni a Pecan (Carya illinoinensis ) Ironwood (Carpinus caroliniana) American beech (Fagus grandifolia) Coastal sweetpepperbush (Clethra alnifolia) American holly (Ilex opaca) Dogwood (Cornus florida) Sweet gum Li uidambar s raci ua Sourwood (Diospyros vir iniana) Tulip poplar (Liriodendrum tuli i era ) American holly (Ilex o aca Black gum (Nyssa biflora) Virginia sweetspire (Itea virginica) Water oak (Quercus nigra) Sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua) Swamp chestnut oak (Quercus michauxii) Tulip poplar (Liriodendrum tuli i era Cherrybark oak (Quercus pagoda) Common sweetleaf (Symplocos tinctoria) Willow oak (Quercus phellos) Winged elm (Ulmus alata) Winged elm (Ulmus alata) Highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) American elm (Ulmus americana) Year 2 (2014) Monitoring Report Appendices Pancho Bank Parcel Table 6. Planted Tree Species Pancho Bank Parcel, Wavne Countv, NC Vegetation Association: Mesic Mixed Hardwood Forest & Coastal Plain Bottomland Hardwoods Total Area (Acres) Total= 48.9 acres 3.6 17.5 27.8 Vegetation Association: Streamside Assemblage Mesic Mixed Hardwood Forest Coastal Plain Bottomland Hardwoods Species Number Planted % of Total Number Planted % of Total Number Planted % of Total River birch (Betula nigra) 1,100 47.8 1,000 3.02 2,100 American elderberry (Sambucus canadensis) 2,300 52.2 2,300 American Beech (Fagus grandifolia) 1,850 5.59 1,850 Northern red oak (Quercus rubra) 5,800 17.53 5,800 White oak (Quercus alba) 5,850 17.69 5,850 Black cherry (Prunus serotina) 5,000 15.12 5,000 Persimmon (Diospyros virginiana) 5,300 16.02 5,300 Flowering dogwood (Cornus florida) 2,000 6.05 2,000 American tulip tree (Liriodendron tulipifera) 1,000 3.02 1,000 6.91 2,000 Southern red oak (Quercus falcata var. pagodifolia) 2,800 8.47 2,800 Florida maple (Acer saccharumsubsp. floridanum) 2,475 7.49 2,475 Black tupelo (Nyssa sylvatica) 2,800 19.34 2,800 Swamp chestnut aak (Quercus michauxii) 2,800 19.34 2,800 Willow oak (Quercus phellos) 2,800 19.34 2,800 Green Ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica) 1,850 12.78 1,850 Bald cypress (Taxodium distichum) 2,000 13.82 2,000 Bitternut Hickory (Carya cordiformis) 975 6.74 975 Shagbark hickory (Carya ovate) 250 1.73 250 Total 3,400 100% 33,075 100% 14,475 100% 50,950 Year 2 (2014) Monitoring Report Appendices Pancho Bank Parcel APPENDIX B. VISUAL ASSESSMENT DATA Figure 2. Current Conditions Plan View Figure 3. Mitigation Components and Assets Marsh Treatment Area Photos Vegetation Monitoring Plot Photos Year 2 (2014) Monitoring Report Appendices Pancho Bank Parcel Pancho Bank Parcel Marsh Treatment Area Fixed Station Photographs Taken November, 2014 Year 2 (2014) Monitoring Report Appendices Pancho Bank Parcel Pancho Bank Parcel Vegetation Monitoring Photographs Taken August 12 -13, 2014 Plot 6 Year 2 (2014) Monitoring Report Appendices Pancho Bank Parcel Pancho Bank Parcel Vegetation Monitoring Photographs Taken August 12 -13, 2014 (continued) Plot 7 Plot 9 Plot 11 Year 2 (2014) Monitoring Report Appendices Pancho Bank Parcel Pancho Bank Parcel Vegetation Monitoring Photographs Taken August 12 -13, 2014 (continued) Plot 13 Plot 15 Year 2 (2014) Monitoring Report Pancho Bank Parcel Plot 14 Appendices APPENDIX C. VEGETATION PLOT DATA Table 7. Total and Planted Stems by Plot and Species Year 2 (2014) Monitoring Report Pancho Bank Parcel Appendices Table 7. Total and Planted Stems by Plot and Species neither Project Code 001. Project Name: Pancho Nutrient Offset Current Plot Data (MY2 2014) Scientific Name Common Name Species Type 001 -01 -0001 001 -01 -0002 001 -01 -0003 001 -01 -0004 001 -01 -0005 001 -01 -0006 001 -01 -0007 001 -01 -0008 001 -01 -0009 001 -01 -0010 PnoLS P -all T PnoLS P -all T PnoLS P -all T PnoLS P -all T PnoLS P -all T PnoLS P -all T PnoLS P -all T PnoLS P -all T PnoLS P -all T PnoLS P -all T Acer floridanum Southern Sugar Maple, Tree 8 8 8 1 1 1 2 2 2 Acer rubrum red maple Tree 16 Betula nigra river birch Tree S 1 1 31 12 8 8 8 Carpinus caroliniana American hornbeam Tree Carya hickory Tree Carya cordiformis bitternut hickory Tree 4 4 4 Carya ovata shagbark hickory Tree 1 1 1 Cornus amomum silky dogwood Shrub 3 3 3 Cornus florida flowering dogwood Tree 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 Diospyros virginiana common persimmon Tree 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 3 Fagus grandifolia American beech Tree 1 1 1 Fraxinus pennsylvanica green ash Tree 5 5 13 1 1 1 3 3 3 Liquidambar styraciflua sweetgum Tree 23 80 26 10 S Liriodendron tulipifera tuliptree Tree 4 4 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 Nyssa tupelo Tree 1 Nyssa sylvatica blackgum Tree 3 3 3 3 3 3 Pinus taeda loblolly pine Tree 4 Prunus serotina black cherry Tree 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 1 1 1 3 3 3 Quercus oak Tree 1 1 1 Quercus alba white oak Tree 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 Quercus michauxii swamp chestnut oak Tree 7 7 7 2 2 2 8 8 8 7 7 7 Quercus nigra water oak Tree 3 3 3 Quercus pagoda cherrybark oak Tree 1 1 1 Quercus phellos willow oak Tree 1 1 1 2 2 2 5 5 5 Quercus rubra northern red oak Tree 1 1 1 3 3 3 1 1 1 2 2 2 Salix nigra black willow Tree Taxodium distichum bald cypress Tree 9 9 9 Ulmus alata winged elm Tree Ulmus americans JAmerican elm Tree 1 Vaccinium corymbosum highbush blueberry Shrub I 1 51 51 5 1 1 1 Stem count size (ares) size (ACRES) Species count Stems per ACRE 13 131 13 101 101 41 14 141 115 16 161 73 17 17 39 221 221 22 21 21 22 6 6 11 61 6 6 13 13 17 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 L,2 4 5 5 6 4 4 7 5 5 7 5 5 7 7 7 7 4 4 5 :fl ::= 6 5 5 5 6 6 7 S26.11 404.71 404.71 16591 S66.61 566.6 4654 647.51647.51 29S41 6881 6881 15781890.31 890.31 890.31849.81 849.81 890.3 242.81 242.8 445.2 242.81 242.81 242.81 526.1 526.1 688 Exceeds requirements, but by less than 10% P -all = Planting including livestakes Fails to meet requirements, by less than 10% T = All planted and natural recruits including livestakes Fails to meet requirements by more than 10% T includes natural recruits