HomeMy WebLinkAboutWQ0004268_2013 Annual Agronomist Report_20140227DENR-FRO.
MAR O 5 20111
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February 27, 2014.
• Qoality.yeggtables:•
Mr. Tony Honeycutt
NCDENR -.Division: of Water:Quality
Aquifer Protection Section
.: 225 .Green: Street;. Suite .7.14
Fayetteville, NC 28301.
Allens,; Inc. - Turkey
Annual Agronomist Report
Dear Mt. Honeycutt:
As required under. Condition 10 under Part Ty of PermitNo. .WQ-0004268, Aliens; Inc. (Aliens)
is providing an: Annual Agronomist Report prepared -by our consultant, Soil & Environmental
Consultants, PA.:
Earlier this month, DENR had expressed a concern about the cover -crop condition, possibly.
related to .cold .weather, frost, and snow. As recommended,Allen Contacted .contacted .Tiro Hall;'State
Agronomist; and he was at the site earlier: today.: We do not have the. details yet on his
recomniendations, ,but S&EC" suggested that have -a plant analysis done to check for a
possible manganese. deficiency...: They will be providing the details on:how to:getthatdone and.
we will follow.through on that recommendation,: as well as the recommendation to apply some:
phosphorusin two zones on Rowan Road:
Please.let.us know if you have any questions or.concerns,..Thank you!
•
Sincerely,:
Aliens; Inc.
Laura J. Mushmski, CHMM
Director - Environmental Quality
cc:. Reid Wells,. Aliens - Turkey
Tim Browers, Aliens — Turkey:
Aliens; Inc.. PO Box250 I. 305 E. Main. Street Siloam Springs,AR 7276.1.
S&
EC
foil & Environmental: Corisultants, PA
841i Falls of Neuse Road, Suite 104,:Raleigh, NC 27615 ! Plione:'(919) 84675900 • Fax (919) 846-9467::
- sandec.eom .
February 25, 2014-
Project #1Q977.S9
Allens;. Inc. :
Attn:.Laura 1Vlushinski
PO Mix2-50.
Siloam Springs, AR 72761
Re: Annual AgronomistReport for Wastewater Irrigation Spray:Fields-Located: at:Aliens
Inc:- Plant #7 -Sampson County 'Ng:
I. Introduction
:Soil: &:Environmental Consultants;. PA; .(S&EC).has ;conipleted. an annual agronomic.
.. evaluation for the continued. operation -Of the spray. irrigation fields for the site referenced__
above: This report addresses the penmt conditions set forth by NC-DWQ:permit:number
WQ00004268: conceriung.the annual: agronomic. evaluation, for each spray field currently in
operation. The purpose ofthis report is to :evaluate current: sitemanagementpractices and
agronomic conditions -that contnbute:to the.ability oftheestablished .erops to:assimilate
nutrients in an efficient. manner: As part of the study, S&EC.evaluated irrigation *ones1-18
.(and.18A):located approximately 2 miles southwest ofthe existing canningfacility. on -Rowan
Read:as-well as. Zones A-D; located directly south and southwest of the facility: Fieldwork
for 'this -Current study was coinpleted:in February.2014 by NC Licensed. Soil. Scientist Ricky
Pontello.:
H. Evaluation Methods and Observations -
In order: to accommodate high rates of wastewater application;. Coastal bermudagrass serves . .
as the warm season -receiver. crop:; Coastal bermudagrass, a hybridbermudagrass variety, is a.
wariri season: perennml that grows quickly in the summer -months and has a high capacity to
assimilate plant nutrients,- making it well -suited for wastewater disposal:applications.: Since
:bermudagrass goes dormant:in the late fall, wintertime wastewater. application is
accommodated by. over-seedingthe bermudagrass with winter. annual.ryegrass or .oats. Based
:on interviews with site managers; hay is cut, baled and removed.of£ site. on:an ".as -needed"
basis...
S&EC traversed the individual spray zones and-.observedcurrent-site-management practices as
well as current cropping conditions: At the time of the evaluation; S&EC. observed that Zones
1-18'and Zones B and C had sparse stands. of actively growing: winter oats interspersed with
various weeds.: , S&EC observed some significant bare spots in: Zone C and in: Zones 1-18 :.
where vegetative growth appeared to be suppressed. In. Zone 1 =18 and. Zone C; oats also had .
a yellow appearance on the tips: Zone A had actively growing ryegrass at thetime of -the site
Visit Zone D.is a seasonal field so the bernmudagrass was dormant at the time of inspection: :
general,:with the exception.of_Zone A, most of the spray fields lacked a robust winter cover
crop atthe time of the evaluation. Interviews :with field managers revealed that:winter oats
were broadcast applied in the fall and may have been damaged by=a subsequent hard frost..
At thetime.ofthe field:visit, S&EC.observed :localized areas ofpondingacross the Site.,
: However, it should be noted that significant snowmelt and rain largely contributed to the
saturated conditions:. S&EC did not :observesigns of runoff from the fields (i.e. gullies;
drainage patterns, etc):. In addition,: S&EC :observed that vegetated buffers were well-.
maintained around each _spray field.:::
Allens, Inc.:provided S&EC. with soil fertility laboratory: data for all .irrigation zones: In
•
imgation zones A-D;-1=18 and .18A,-soil. samples were collected by Crop Production Services and analyzed by Waters Agricultural Laboratories, Inc:. Soil fertility lab analyses: results are
included in Attachment 1 for reference: Monthly and annual nitrogen loading rates for
'individual spray zoneswere provided:to S&EC by the client. S&EC:used these figures to `..:
verify that annual nitrogen -leading rates are within permit limits:set forth for individual
irrigation Zones.: .
III. Soil'SainpleResults"and Recommendations
According to the nitrogen:leading data provided to S&EC, the application.rates:for each zone
appear tobe within. permit limits,: while also providing adequateplant available nitrogen
(PAN) for Coastal berinudagrass:and winter ryegrass/oats production.
Based on a review of the soil._sample lab res•ults, the.• soils at this .site.generally have. ideal soil .
fertility conditions_to support growth of bermudagrass and annual winterryegrass with a few::
exceptions. As noted in the'soil fertility test results, current soil test phosphorus (P) levels in
:Zones 16 and 117 are categorized: as "Low": IS4EC ;recommends that fertilizer.applications
of P be made at the rate of:1101b P2O5/acre to.these,two zones=to ensure.sufficientP
fertility.. For the remaining zones, :soil, phosphorus; potassium, calcium and magnesium are
presentat levels sufficiently high to support•the wastewater receiver crops Soil samples
indicate that soil manganese levels are low in some areas:
According to the soil sample data, soil pH:is slightly higher.than:optimal in Zones-.C;.D; 1, 2,
4•,. 5, 9, 11, 12, 14 and 18; but does not warrant rernedial action at this time. ,Soil::p1:values
for these zones varied from 7,:3=7.7. Because maintaining a pH of 6.0=7.0 is important for
ensuring optimal nutrient availability,: soil. PH should be •monitored on an annual basis: Since
. soils with.p1 values. above 8:0: can lead to mieronutrient (i:e:1VIn, Cu; Zit) deficiencies; future
elernental sulfur additions: would' be.appropriate to lower the soil pH if values ever exceed 8.0:
:Manganese deficiencies are commonly observed in the Coastal Plain; which :are, manifest in:
grasses by a general: yellowing of the blades.(chlorosis): S&EC- observed some yellowing of
the winter oats that maybe indicative of a Mn deficiency due to the highdoe toll* bigb pH in :some areas.
-Page -2. of. 4
S&EC recommends thatplant samples should be analyzed to identify whether or not the
yellowing is: due to a pH induced Mn (or other inicronutrient) deficiency If a Mn
• deficiency is confirmed, an application of 100-120 lbs S° /acre would be sufficient to acidify_
the soil to. a targetpH of 6.0=7:0. Inorder to beeffective, sulfur applications must also be
incorporated by disking or :other. means:: Since the acidification process is mediated by soil.
bacteria,'total:reaction time could range from .a few weeks toseveral months, depending:on
thesoil temperature. Generally; soil temperatures must be higher than 50° _F for the microbial
transformation'of S to sulfuric:acid:
....Since the wastewater source has anelevatedsoditimadsorption ratio (SAR); there is a slight--
risk.of developing sodiurn related problems:in.the soils, particularly in Zone 4; 5,-and-1.8.:
:where soil pH is currently greater than.7.5. Soils with: pH values above 8.5 and with high
levelsofsoil: sodium are classified as-sodic soils,.which can have major limitations to the:
surface infiltration. capacity of the. soil: Since -the provided soil fertilitytestreport does not
include an analysis- for soil exchangeable -sodium percentage -(ESP), a Complete risk
assessment regardrng the presence or potential development of.sodic soils:cannot be made at
this However, based on sodium test levels from calendar. year 2012 .none.ofthe spray:.
fields exceeded an. ESP.: of 3%0;. so most likely, there:is-no reason to:suspect that sodic soil:
• conditions exist at thepresent time:- In the future,: S&EC recommends that annual soil
samples should include ananalysis of:ExchangeableSodium Percentage (ESP) to -monitor
sodiumlevels,; If the ESP increases'above 15%, remedial: action should betaken by -applying.
gypsum (CaSO4):tothe surface. soil horizons in order to prevent -the. development of.sodic-.
conditions.,
Zone.1:5. and _ 1:8A have .a. "Medium" level of soil test phosphorus present which is. sufficient • -
:for .growth. Zones. A=p.and Zones :1 14:and 18 are categorized as "High" or "VeryHigh" in
terms_ of soil phosphorus.: An index;value of "High" or "Very:High'-indicates that there will. .
be no crop. yield: response with additional:P, applications: Although applying. additional
phosphorus to'tl ese-spray areas does not pose:any. agronomic issues, the high soil P levels.
may pose ail environmental concern if Significant runoff :andfor soil . erosion occurs:
.Considering the current coverthe 'current coVer crops andtheir. beneficial erosion control properties,. as well as.
stream and waterway buffers, additional wastewater-P-application: should not_pose, a high risk:
of P-loss However, irrigation schedules should be. closely monitored to •avoid over -saturating.
irrigationzones; which:could leadto excessive runoff •
Cron lVIana�emerit Considerations-.
Coastal bermudagrass should becut "every to weeks or when it_grOwsto:12-15 inches tall..
:Once bermudagrass is overseeded with •winter.rye or oats in:the fall,' grass should:be cut to a
height. of 3 inches or less to. encourage rye :establishment:: S&EC:recommends that fall::
-.overseedingshouldbe accomplished by drilling the seed instead of -broadcasting to encourage:
.better seed/soil; contact and protection from early frosts.: In..the: early. spring;. approximately- :
--two weeks beforebermudagrass is expected to.turn:green; mowing height should be reduced
to 3/ tol-inch to •allow bermudagrassto recover and:out-compete the winter,rye.. Since • •
bermudagrass is:very intolerant to -shade; late spring cutting of winter ryeshould be avoided
. as severely limit bermudagrass recovery.
Page 3. of 4
If not already in place, a harvestmanagement plan should be: integrated into: thecurrent
irrigation scheme' itl order to maximize -the nutrient removal capabilities of the Cover" Crops
a•
nd riminimize the "downtime" required by :drying; cutting; baling and removal :of the hay.
Harvesting grass as silage could be amore efficient method for, crop removal by reducing the.
time required for harvesting activities..:
S&EC is. pleased to serve: you` in this mariner: If-you:have-any questions or requireadditional
: information then -please give us a:call.
-Ricky. Pontello
NC Licensed Soil Scientist
page 4 of 4.
:Mark Allen
ARCPACS Certified Professional Soil
:Scientist-.
CRP,PRODUGT1ON SERVICES
P4BWC40' .';.
CI.INTON; NC x8329.::.
Lah•Numhor
Samp161a
ILime•TchsFA
aters .Agr cultural.LOoratories,:Inc.
P;O; flax, 352. 257 NeWtor :Hwy.
.Camilla, GA:31731J.:.•
(226) 336 721G FAX•(229) 3364587
It•I I • IMg%.1 • Ca%
Raccirnmondatioris - lbs./A•• ccime.Tonsa.1
• Crop: EERMUDAP.eelurp M: • 00
Water
pH'
• : Fel11ilzer YecommendatibM am: biserf on the •pI11Io9ophy grid reco*endations of the hIGDA,Jgranormc D3vislan
WQ Labcratory•Car:lIlcationNumirer625 . • •
•
A000un[#: 2[67
ReCelyed: 1 .421 /2013'
' Proaesse d: .:10i23i2613'
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CRGF RRODUCTIQN SERVICES
PO 9OX 457 .. .
.CLINToN,•NG 28328
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Llrne-Ton$1A
: • Waters Agricullturat: Laboratories;
' .P.i .. Box 382 257 Newton Hwy
Cbi't o, GA 51730.
• : ' . Crop:
Production
Services '..
. • (229) 336: 7216 FAX (229) 336 7967
Soil Analysis Repodt.
Grower ALLEN INC AdvoU�l#:'' • , 21a7.
NCDA Index i6rd I�: ;IWWAN RD r Received 1Of21J2o13
Processed:. 10123,126i3
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Fertilia$r. racdmmendaliorss are It�ased•i n IIi® pIilosophy arKtraoommendallons or.ihe NCDA Ag onamIc DI islon ' .
DWQ L borataty Carfif/capon Number 6;5:
:CROP PR4pUCTICN SERvipESs
PCF t3Ox.45i •
OLINTON,:NC28 28'
:: 4ters. kgriculturill:Labar4tvit:ie6; Inc:
8ox.382 257 Newton
• Camilla, GA 31730::
: (229) 338-7216 :FAX (229)33B-7987
Soil Analysis. Report
NCDA lndx ;
FertilEier recommendatlor are based on the phlfosophy and recornmeridatiorbs.af !fie: NCDAA�rairornlc Dlylaion .
.. • • , • l.aboratory.CertifiCatian olumbei 625 •• : •
Account#_ •__• • , .2167 -
: Received: • 10+21/.2613.
Prooesxsii_ ; , to43031i
See Note
See Neal
rot
CROP.PRODUCTION SERVIDES.• •
PO BOX 457 .: .
•CLINTON: NC 28326
Waters 'Agricultoral :Laborato1aest. Inc .
I?.0. Box 382 : 257 Newton Hwy
Camilla, GA':31730'
(229).336-7216 FAX (229) 333-7987.
Soil Analysis Report :.
NCDA Index
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Recommendations=.IlsadA
crop. BERMUDA Pasture M • . •
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DWQ Laboratory.CertUlcatlon Number 1335:::
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Recommendations-ttiaJA
Cr417. L;1;ftMUGA F!asUute M •
WAters Agi ciitt r l: aboratori s,:Inc:
P,O. Box $82. 257ItieMon Hwy:
.. '. Camilla; GA31730.
(229) 336-7216 FAX:(229) 31167.7987:
Soil:An lysis Report
NCDA index .':.
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. •Fertif¢er recomtriendali0ns•asi based "on the. arid reconilnendalians Of tile NCDA ApronoailoOlutsion
.o. • DWQ t:aliaratoiy Certitteation Number 63ti
• 'l aant#::: 2167
Re'cei'rerk :10/21/2013
taczssed: 1012312093 .
See Note
CROP PRODucTLGN sEtwICE9 :
PO u07t 457 .
CLINTON, NC 28320.
Waters :Agt- oiltui'a1 Laboratories, Inc.
P.O. B t:382 257 Neiiiton Hwy.
Camilla;: GA 31730.
(229) 336 721t3 FAX (229) 3387967
.. .. • ..: • ; . .
SOIL Analysis Report Grower, ALLEN INC • Acoaur3tJ�: . 2157
NCDA Indecoiwod: 1 aI21 t2013 . .
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lll:Pi p)yr[ Re. PRec•ssed: 10/2312073;
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