NC0088781_Permit Issuance_20090203

NPDES DOC /WENT SCANNING COVER SHEET
NC0088781
Bladen Bluffs Regional WTP
NPDES Permit:
Document Type:
Permit Issuance
Wasteload Allocation
Authorization to Construct (AtC)
Permit Modification
Complete File - Historical
Engineering Alternatives (EAA)
Staff Report
Instream Assessment (67b)
Speculative Limits
Environmental Assessment (EA)
Permit
History
Document Date:
February 3, 2009
This document is printed an reuse paper - ignore any
content on the relrerse side

A
NCDENR
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Division of Water Quality
Beverly Eaves Perdue Coleen H. Sullins Dee Freeman
Governor Director Secretary
February 3, 2009
Mr. Don Betz
Executive Director
Lower Cape Fear Water and Sewer Authority
1107 New Pointe Blvd., Suite 17
Leland, North Carolina 28451
Subject: Issuance of NPDES Permit
Permit No. NC0088781
Bladen Bluffs Regional Surface Water WTP
Bladen County
Dear Mr. Betz:
Division personnel have reviewed and approved your application for issuance of the subject permit. Accordingly,
we are forwarding the attached NPDES discharge permit. This permit is issued pursuant to the requirements of North
Carolina General Statute 143-215.1 and the Memorandum of Agreement between North Carolina and the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency dated October 15, 2007 (or as subsequently amended).
There is one change in this final permit from the draft permit sent to you:
> A note has been added to Special Condition A.(1) stipulating the discharge ditch be lined to prevent erosion.
If any parts,_measiiremenr frerinencies_orsampling -requirements contained -in -this permit -are -unacceptable -to -you,
you have the right to an adjudicatory hearing upon written request within thirty (30) days following receipt of this letter.
This request must be in the form of a written petition, conforming to Chapter 150B of the North Carolina General
Statutes, and filed with the Office of Administrative Hearings (6714 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-
6714). Unless such demand is made, this decision shall be fmal and binding.
Please note that this permit is not transferable except after notice to the Division. The Division may require
modification or revocation and reissuance of the permit. This permit does not affect the legal requirements to obtain
- other permits which may be required by the Division of Water Quality or permits required by the Division of Land
Resources, the Coastal Area Management Act or any other Federal or Local governmental permit that may be required.
1617 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1617
Location: 512 N. Salisbury St. Raleigh, North Carolina 27604
Phone: [phone] FAX: [phone] l Customer Service:1-877-623-6748
Internet wtivw.ncwaterqualityorg
An Equal opportunity\ Affirmative Action Employer
No°rthCarolina
/Vaturaiij

If you have any questions concerning this permit, please contact Jim McKay at telephone number [phone].
Sincerely,
-- r : Coleen H. Sullins
cc:
NPDES Files
Central Files
Fayetteville Regional Office/Surface Water Protection.
Division of Environmental Health/ Fayetteville Regional Office/ 225 Green St., Suite 714/ Fayetteville, NC 28301/
Attn: Debra Benoy.
Aquatic Toxicology
US Fish and Wildlife Service
Wildlife Resources Commission
Hobbs Upchurch & Associates/ 8262 Market St. Ste 201/ Wilmington, NC 28411-9681/ Morella
Sanchez -King
1617 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1617
Location: 512 N. Salisbury St. Raleigh, North Carolina 27604
Phone: [phone] FAX: [phone] Customer Serviice:1-877.623-6748
Internet: www.ncwaterquality.org
An Equal Opportunity\ Afrmative Action Employer
e
NoCarolina
ature

Permit NC0088781
STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES
DIVISION OF WATER QUALITY
PERMIT
TO DISCHARGE WASTEWATER UNDER THE
NATIONAL POLLUTANT DISCHARGE ELIMINATION SYSTEM
In compliance with the provision of North Carolina General Statute 143-215.1, other lawful standards and regulations
, promulgated and adopted by the North Carolina Environmental Management Commission, and the Federal Water Pollution
Control Act, as amended, the
Lower Cape Fear Water and Sewer Authority
is hereby authorized to discharge wastewater from a facility located at the
Bladen Bluffs Regional Surface Water System
NC Highway 87
Tar Heel
North Carolina 28392
Bladen County
to receiving waters designated as Unnamed Tributary to the Cape Fear River in the Cape Fear river
Basin in accordance with effluent limitations, monitoring requirements, and other conditions set forth
-in-Parts-I, 11, IIl-and RF-hereof
This permit shall become effective March 1, 2009.
This permit and authorization to discharge shall expire at midnight on October 31, 2011.
Signed this day February 3, 2009.
r - Coleen H. Sullins, ' ector
Division of Water Quality
By Authority of the Environmental Management Commission

Permit NC0088781
SUPPLEMENT TO PERMIT COVER SHEET
THE LOWER CAPE FEAR WATER AND SEWER AUTHORITY IS HEREBY AUTHORIZED TO:
1. After receiving an Authorization to construct from the DWQ, to construct, and
after submitting an Engineer's Certificate, to operate a 0.9 MGD wastewater
treatment plant that includes the following components:
• Two Residuals Basins for settling/ decanting
• One Recycle Pump
• Dechlorination
This facility is located at the Bladen Bluffs Regional Surface Water Treatment
Plant at NC Highway 87, Tar Heel, North Carolina in Bladen County.
2. Discharge from said treatment works at the location specified on the attached
map into an UT to the Cape Fear River, a class C water in the Cape Fear River
Basin.

Bladen Bluffs Regional WTP
- NC0088781
USGS Quad Name: Duart, K22NE
Receiving Stream: UT Cape Fear River
Stream Class: C (Reclassification to WSIV in
process)
Subbasin: Cape Fear— 03-06-15
Lat.: 34° 45' 53"
Long.: 78° 48' 16"
FaciFaci
Locality
L Location '
North
Bladen County

Permit NC0088781
A. (1.) EFFLUENT LIMITATIONS AND MONITORING REQUIREMENTS
During the period beginning on the effective date of the permit and lasting until expiration, the
Permittee is authorized to discharge wastewater associated with the water treatment plant and
overflow from the raw water spillway from Outfall 001. Such discharges shall be limited and
monitored by the Permittee as specified below:
Effluent Char' acteristics
,3-. -; i
a tif�
5 -� r :� ,Limits �'
,r, �. ,, ,3 .:...
�VlofiI . ,rtn. . equirements 2i
.f. �r a.2,�Z : ' V.e s si , .
.. .f �}'il�"..+ ..�j.- ''1 T;�� i,
"U.�• i1 9 L�uK7,..
2>; ' .. w , '. ti -
LA �.f ( r-_k � � Y �
Y f.
" ,�i3 �a .j ..� _g�,
`cam K .._
�?tA � �y� �' ?A��.� 5�.'
r
tx • �, : , . ,, .:
� T'} ,�Y 'L>
; ; - : ' �.
, of tl l
��y1. �+�..';ti
'Average
i; eh l
tM1. 1 ,43�
-. A. er''.age
Dail
'.: �.
Maximum ,
Measure" ent
'i' ry�1��n1�s��:
.Frequency, ,.
Sam !e Type
t. - '� h
�,� ,; t! ; ��
_ ample
�r
; Location . n
Flow
0.9 MGD
Continuous
Recording
Effluent
Total Suspended Solids
30.0 mg/L
45.0 mglL
Weekly
Grab
Effluent
Total Residual Chlorine 1
28 µg/L
Weekly
Grab
Effluent
pH 2
Weekly
Grab
Effluent
Aluminum
Quarterly
Grab
Effluent
Calcium
Quarterly
Grab
Effluent
Magnesium
Quarterly
Grab
Effluent
Manganese
Quarterly
Grab
Effluent
Fluoride
2/ Month
Grab
Effluent
Total Zinc
2/ Month
Grab
Effluent
Total Iron
2/ Month
Grab
Effluent
Total Copper
2/ Month
Grab
Effluent
Ammonia Nitrogen
Quarterly
Grab
Effluent
Total Phosphorus (TP)
Quarterly
Grab
Effluent
Total Nitrogen (TN) 3
Quarterly
Grab
Effluent
Whole Effluent Toxicity Monitoring 4
Quarterly
Grab
Effluent
NOTES:
1. The Division shall consider all effluent TRC values reported below 50 ug/1 to be in compliance
with the permit. However, the Permittee shall record and submit all values reported by a North
Carolina certified laboratory (including field certified), even if these values fall below 50 ug/1.
2. pH shall not be less than 6.0 nor greater than 9.0 S.U.
3. TN means Total Nitrogen. For a given wastewater sample, TN is the sum of Total Kjeldahl
Nitrogen and Nitrate -Nitrite Nitrogen: TN = TKN + NO3-N + NO2-N.
4. Acute Toxicity (Fathead Minnow) Monitoring at 90%: February, May, August, and November [see
Special Condition A. (2)). Quarterly metals monitoring shall coincide with quarterly toxicity
monitoring.
All samples collected should be representative of the discharge.
There shall be no discharge of floating solids or visible foam in other than trace amounts.
There shall be no discharge of waste or chemicals that do not directly result from the responsible
treatment of raw water.
The discharge ditch shall be lined to prevent erosion and washing of soil and silt to the river.

Permit NC0088781
A.(2.) ACUTE TOXICITY MONITORING (QUARTERLY)
The permittee shall conduct acute toxicity tests on a quarterly basis using protocols defmed in the
North Carolina Procedure Document entitled "Pass/Fail Methodology For Determining Acute Toxicity
In A Single Effluent Concentration" (Revised -July, 1992 or subsequent versions). The monitoring shall
be performed as a Fathead Minnow (Pimephales promelas) 24 hour static test. The effluent
concentration at which there may be at no time significant acute mortality is 90% (defmed as
treatment two in the procedure document). Effluent samples for self -monitoring purposes must be
obtained during representative effluent discharge below all waste treatment. The tests will be
performed during the months of February, May, August and November.
The parameter code for Pimephales promelas is TGE6C. All toxicity testing results required as part of
this permit condition will be entered on the Effluent Discharge Form (MR-1) for the month in which it
was performed, using the appropriate parameter code. Additionally, DWQ Form AT-2 (original) is to be
sent to the following address:
Attention: North Carolina Division of Water Quality
Environmental Sciences Section
1621 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, N.C. 27699-1621
Completed Aquatic Toxicity Test Forms shall be filed with the Environmental Sciences Section no
later than 30 days after the end of the reporting period for which the report is made.
Test data shall be complete and accurate and include all supporting chemical/physical
measurements performed in association with the toxicity tests, as well as all dose/response data.
Total residual chlorine of the effluent toxicity sample must be measured and reported if chlorine is
employed for disinfection of the waste stream.
Should there be no discharge of flow from the facility during any month, the permittee will complete
the information located at the top of the aquatic toxicity (AT) test form indicating the facility name,
permit number, pipe number, county, and the month/year of the report with the notation of "No
Flow" in the comment area of the form. The report shall be submitted to the Environmental Sciences
Section at the address cited above.
Should any test data from either these monitoring requirements or tests performed by the North
Carolina Division ofWat Quality-indicate-potential-irnpaets-to-the-reeeiving-stream; this perrnit nay -
be re -opened and modified to include alternate monitoring requirements or limits.
If the Permittee monitors any pollutant more frequently then required by this permit, the results of
such monitoring shall be included in the calculation & reporting of the data submitted on the DMR &
all AT Form submitted.
NOTE: Failure to achieve test conditions as specified in the cited document, such as minimum
control organism survival and appropriate environmental controls, shall constitute an invalid test and
will require immediate follow-up testing to be completed no later than the last day of the month
following the month of the initial monitoring.

DENR/ DWQ
FACT SHEET FOR NPDES PERMIT DEVELOPMENT
NPDES No. NC0088781
Facility Information
Applicant/Facility
Name:
Lower Cape Fear Water and Sewer Authority/ Bladen
Bluffs Regional Surface Water System
Applicant Address:
1107 New Pointe Blvd., Suite 17, Leland, NC 28451
Facility Address:
NC Highway 87, Tar Heel, NC
Permitted Flow
0.9 MGD
Type of Waste:
Conventional Drinking Water Treatment Filter backwash
Facility/Permit Status:
New
Facility Classification
I
County:
Bladen
Miscellaneous
Receiving Stream:
Cape Fear
River
Regional Office:
Fayetteville
Stream Classification:
USGS Topo
Quad:
H23SE, Duart
303(d) Listed?:
Subbasin:
No .
03-06-16
Permit Writer:
Date:
Jim McKay
January 29, 2009
Drainage Area (mi2):
Summer 7Q 10 (cfs)
4,900
795
Winter 7Q10 (cfs):
1,035
Average Flow (cfs):
IWC (%):
Primary SIC Code:
5,000
0.18
SUMMARY
Residents and businesses in the four county area around Tar Heel depend on wells for water.
The Lower Cape Fear Water and Sewer Authority has been organized to provide drinking and
industrial water for the region. The authority will offer water services to local governments and
industrial users in Bladen, Columbus, Robeson and Sampson counties. They propose to build
a surface water treatment plant using conventional water treatment processes. The plant will
initially produce 4 MGD of drinking water, expandable to 30 MGD by adding facilities. 4.4 to 6
MGD will be withdrawn from the Lower Cape Fear River to feed the plant, and stored in an
impoundment with capacity of 12 to 20 million gallons. The water will flow through two rapid
mix chambers where ferric or alum coagulant, polymer and caustic are added. From the rapid
mix chambers the water will go through two trains of four -stage flocculators, then to two.
sedimentation basins where solids will settle out. The water will then be filtered by three filters
of sand and granular activated charcoal or anthracite coal media. Chlorine, caustic and
polymer can be fed before the filters. The water will be pumped to a transmission line main
located in the right of way of NC 87 where it will be made available to existing local water.
distribution systems.
Overflow from the emergency spillway atop the raw water reservoir will be directed to the
discharge point. The reservoir contains only untreated river water. It should overflow only in
case of an emergency, such as the raw water intake pumps not shutting down.
The Cape Fear River at the proposed intake location is classified as C waters at the present. A
request for reclassification to WSIV, CA has been submitted, but has not been fmali7ed at this
time. The discharge will be downstream of the WSIV, CA section and will remain classified as
C.
Bladen Bluffs Regional Surface Water WTP Fact Sheet
NPDES Issuance
Page 1

Wastewater
Two residuals basins will receive the sedimentation sludge, washwater from the sedimentation
basins, and filter backwash water. The solids will be allowed to settle, then clear water will be
decanted to a ditch draining back to the Cape Fear River. The plant will have the option of
pumping the decant water back to the raw water impound. Dechlorination of discharged water
will be by thiosulfate addition.
Basinwide Plan
The Lower Cape Fear River between lock and dam 3 and lock and dam 1 is not impaired. The
basinwide plan suggests stringent limits for oxygen consuming wastes. Water Treatment
Plants are not considered dischargers of oxygen consuming waste, so no limits are imposed on
this permit.
Permit Development
The Division's Permitting Strategy for Conventional Water Treatment facilities was followed in
developing monitoring requirements. There are no more stringent requirements in the
Basinwide Plan. The IWC is 0.18%, so an acute WET test at 90% has been specified quarterly
using fathead minnows as monitoring only. The Basinwide expiration date for sub basin 03-
06-16 is October 31, 2011. This will give a permit life of approximately 2.5 years. The facility
may not be completed at that time, but it has been decided to maintain the scheduled
expiration date.
PROPOSED SCHEDULE FOR PERMIT ISSUANCE:
Draft Permit to Public Notice: December, 2008
Permit Scheduled to Issue: February 3, 2009 (Tentative)
Permit Effective Date: March 1, 2009 (Tentative)
Permit Expiration Date: October 31, 2011
STATE CONTACT:
If you have any questions on any of the above information or on the attached permit, please
contact Jim McKay at [phone], or by email at [e-mail].
NAME: DATE:
REGIONAL OFFICE COMMENT:
NAME: DATE:
NPDES SUPERVISOR COMMENT:
NAME: DATE:
Bladen Bluffs Regional Surface Water WTP Fact Sheet
NPDES Issuance
Page 2

December 16, 2008
MEMORANDUM
'1'0: Debra Benoy
NC DENR / DEH / Regional Engineer
Fayetteville Regional Office
Jim McKay" -
Eastern NP1 ES Program
From:
Subject: Review of proposed NPDES Permit NC0088781
Bladen Bluffs Regional Surface Water WTP
Michael F. Easley, Governor
State of North Carolina
William G. Ross, Jr., Secretary
Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Coleen H. Sullins, Director
Division of Water Quality
REC LI` I'D �,�Q
PUBLIC ti�'l<� ER SUPPL\A
DEC 1 8 2003
DEC 2 2
DWQ
FAYETTEVILLE REGIONAL OITICE
Please indicate below your agency's position or viewpoint on the draft permit and return this form by
January 16, 2009. If you have any questions on the draft permit, please contact me at telephone number
[phone] or via e-mail at [e-mail]. The discharge location in the Cape Fear River is
currently classified "C", but an application to reclassify to WSIV is underway.
RESPONSE: (Check one)
FiConcur with the issuance of this permit provided the facility is operated and maintained properly, the stated
effluent limits are met prior to discharge, and the discharge does not contravene the designated water quality
standards.
Signed
Concurs with issuance of the above permit, provided the following conditions are met:
Opposes the issuance of the above permit, based on reasons stated below, or attached:
Date:
1617 MAIL SERVICE CENTER, RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA 27699-1617 - TELEPHONE [phone]/FAX [phone]
VISIT US ON THE WEB AT http://h20.enr.state.nc.us/NPDES

RE: Draft NPDES permit for Bladen Bluffs Regional WTP
Subject: RE: Draft NPDES permit for Bladen Bluffs Regional WTP
From: "Boone, Kelly" <[e-mail]>
Date: Wed, 7 Jan 2009 14:21:53 -0500
To: "James Mckay" <[e-mail]>
CC: "Dowbiggin, William" <[e-mail]>, "Buckley, J. Brenan"
<[e-mail]>
Jim,
Per our telephone conversation yesterday, I wanted to clarify the
following regarding the Lower Cape Fear Water and Sewer Authority Bladen
Bluffs Regional Surface Water Treatment Plant Draft NPDES Permit:
The primary purpose of the NPDES discharge is to receive filter backwash
and sedimentation basin water from the reclamation basins. However, as
we discussed yesterday, the discharge point will be configured to also
receive overflow from the emergency spillway on the raw water
impoundment dam. The raw water impoundment is a storage facility for
water pumped from the river. No treatment takes place before river
water enters the raw water impoundment - it is simply used for storage
of river water that is to be treated at the water plant. The side of
the raw water impoundment will be designed with an emergency spillway in
case water overflows the impoundment. This is not expected to happen
and would be an emergency situation where the raw water pumps failed to
shut off for some reason.
The spillway from the raw water impoundment will be connected to the
NPDES discharge point (Outfall 001) so that this emergency overflow will
be discharged at the same location. No additional outfall will be
needed. No change in the amount of flow or effluent characteristics
listed in the Draft NPDES Permit will be needed.
Please let me know if you have any questions.
Thanks,
Kelly
Kelly R. Boone, P.E.
CDM
5400 Glenwood Ave., Suite 300
Raleigh, NC 27612
Telephone [phone]
Fax [phone]
Cell [phone]
Email [e-mail]
Original Message
From: James Mckay [mailto:[e-mail]]
Sent: Thursday, December 18, 2008 2:21 PM
To: Boone, Kelly
Subject: Draft NPDES permit for Bladen Bluffs Regional WTP
Kelly:
Attached is a PDF file of the subject draft permit. Please note that
terms and conditions of the permit are subject to change as a result of
Public Comments or comments from the Lower Cape Fear Water and Sewer
Authority.
1 of 2 1/7/2009 2:38 PM

RE: Draft NPDES permit for Bladen Bluffs Regional WTP
As we discussed this morning, the Fayetteville Regional Office has
requested that the discharge ditch be lined or piped to the river to
prevent erosion problems. The concerns are both erosion of the ditch
and silt and soil washing to the river.
Best regards,
Jim McKay
2of2
1/7/2009 2:38 PM

ROBESON COUNTY
NORTH CAROLINA (I,
/ (U \ t � i(� r (i ne4,44maager - Editor -
Associate Editor, of THE ROBESONIAN, a news-
paper published in Robeson County, N.C. being
duly sworn, says that at the time the attached
notice was published in THE ROBESONIAN. said
newspaper met all of the requirements and quali-
fications prescribed by North Carolina General
Statute 1-597; that said newspaper had a general
circulation to actual paid subscribers; and, was
admitted to the United States mail as second
class matter in Robeson County, N.C.; and fur-
ther, that the attached notice was published in
THE ROBESONIAN once a week for / con-
secutive weeks on the following issue dates
4"2-) / ✓..) , 20
-)Ao\li
Ferrnger-CdItur-Associate Editor
Sworn to and subscribed before me
2Q `-iY
t ist� day of
20a_
OTARY PUBLIC
My commission expires: i44" ( ( 0
PUBLIC NOTICE
STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
COMMISSION/NPDES UNIT
1617 MAIL SERVICE CENTER
RALEIGH, NC 27699-1617
NOTIFICATION OF INTENT TO
ISSUE A NPDES WASTEWATER
PERMIT
On the basis of thorough stall review
• and applica5on of NC General Statute
143.215.1 and 15A NCAC 02H.0109
and other lawful standards and regu-
lations, the North Carolina Environ-
mental Management Commission
proposes to issue a National Pollutant
Discharge Elimination System
(NPDES) wastewater discharge per -
mil to the person(s) listed below el-
' feotive 45 days from the publish date
of this notice.
Written comments regarding the pro-
posed permit wilt be accepted until 30
days after the publish dale of this no-
tice. All comments received prior to
That dale are considered in the final
determinations regarding the pro-
posed permit. The Director of the NC
Division of Water Quality may decide
to hold a public meeting for the pro-
, posed permit, should the Division re-
ceive a significant degree of public
interest.
Copies of the draft permit and other
supporting information on file used to
determine conditions present in the
draft permit are available upon re-
quest and payment of the costs of re-
production. Mail comments and/or •
requests for information to the NC Di-
vision al Water Quality al the above
address or call Dina Sprinkle (919)
807.6304 at the Point Source Branch.
Please include the NPDES permit
number (below) in any communice-
ton. Interested persons may also visit
the Division of Water Quality al 512 N.
Salisbury Street, Raleigh, NC 27604-
1148 between the hours o18:00 a.m.
and 5:00 p.m. to review information on
Tile.
The Lower Cape Fear Water and
Sewer Authority (1107 New Pointe
Blvd., Suae 17. Leland, North Carolina
28451) has applied fcr a new NPDES
permit, NC0088781, to discharge' -
treated wastewater from the proposed
Btaden Bluffs Regional Surface Water
WTP to the Cape Fear River, a class
C water (reclassification to WSIV has
been requested) in the Cape Fear
River Basin, Btaden County. Total
residual chlorine is a water quality lim-
ited parameter, and the discharge
may affect future water quality alloca-
tions in this receiving stream.
NCEMC121908 12/19

iA r. Michael F. Easley, Governor
pG William G. Ross Jr., Secretary
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Coleen H. Sullins. Director
Division of Water Quality
December 15, 2008
MEMORANDUM
DEC 17 2008
TO: Gil Vinzani, NPDES Eastern Program Supervisor
Point Source Branch
NC DENR/ DWQ /`
Through: Belinda Henson, Regional Supervisor, Surface Water Protection Section i� �y?plaJiA9e4id,-,)
From: Trent Allen, Environmental Engineer
Subject: NPDES Permit Application
Discharge of the Decant and Backwash Water from the Bladen Bluffs Regional Surface Water Treatment Plant
Project No. NPDES Permit application NC0088781
The plans, specifications, and supporting documents for the Bladen Bluff Regional Surface Water Treatment Plant have
been reviewed.
The discharge ditch should be lined all the way into the river, or should be piped to prevent erosion problems with
such a large discharge flow.
I appreciate the opportunity for my review and comments on this project given by your office.
If I can be of further assistance, I can be reached through the Fayetteville Regional Office @ 910-433-3322.
cc: Fayetteville Regional Office
Water Quality Central Files
Nnc
orthCarol ina
;Varney
North Carolina Division of Water Quality 225 Green Street — Suite 714 Fayetteville. NC 28301-5043 Phone [phone] Customer Service
Internet: h2o.enr.state.nc.us FAX [phone]
An Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer — 50% Recycled/10% Post Consumer Paper

November 25, 2008
DEC
Mr. Gil Vinzani
NPDES Eastern Program Supervisor
Point Source Branch NC DENR / DWQ
1617 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1617
Subject: Lower Cape Fear Water & Sewer Authority (LCFWASA)
Bladen Bluffs Regional Surface Water Treatment Plant
Letter of Authorization for NPDES Permit Application Short Form C-WTP
Dear Mr. Vinzani:
Please find enclosed "Attachment A Local Government Review Form", signed and notarized by
the Town of Elizabethtown in accordance with the Lower Cape Fear Water & Sewer Authority's
application for a NPDES permit.
Please do not hesitate to call me at [phone] if you have any questions or need additional
information. Thank you for your assistance.
Cordially,
Don Betz
Executive Director
Lower Cape Fear Water & Sewer Authority
Enclosure
CC: Chairman and Board of Directors
Morella Sanchez -King, PH.D., P.E., HUA
Lower Cape Fear Water er Sewer Authority
1107 New Pointe Blvd, Suite 17
Leland, North Carolina 28451
phn 910.383.1919 fax [phone]
www.lcfwasa.org
Water is Our Business

11/21/2008 IWC Calculations
Bladen Bluffs Regional WTP
NC0088781
Prepared By: Jim McKay
Enter Design Flow (MGD): •
Enter s7Q10(cfs):
Enter w7Q10 (cfs):
0.900
795.000
1035.000
Assume upstream TRC level = 0
Assume upstream Fecal level = 0
Check Box if WTP Facility 0
Enter Upstream NH3-N Level (mg/L):
0.220
Total Residual Chlorine
7Q10 (CFS)
DESIGN FLOW (MGD)
DESIGN FLOW (CFS)
STREAM STD (UG/L)
UPS BACKGROUND LEVEL (I
IWC (%)
Allowable Conc. (ug/I)
Fecal Limit
(If DF >331; Monitor)
(If DF <331; Limit)
Dilution Factor (DF)
NPDES Servor/Current Versions/IWC
Ammonia (NH3 as N)
(summer)
795 7010 (CFS)
0.9 DESIGN FLOW (MGD)
1.395 DESIGN FLOW (CFS)
17.0 STREAM STD (MG/L)
0 UPS BACKGROUND LEVEL (I
0.18 IWC (%)
28 Allowable Conc. (mg/I)
NOT REQUIRED
Ammonia (NH3 as N)
(winter)
7Q10 (CFS)
DESIGN FLOW (MGD)
DESIGN FLOW (CFS)
STREAM STD (MG/L)
UPS BACKGROUND LEVEL (I
IWC (%)
Allowable Conc. (mg/I)
795
0.9
1.395
1.0
0.220
0.18
445,52
1035
0.9
1.395
1.8
0.220
0.13
-1-174.06
Daily MAX
35.0 mg/L
NOT REQUIRED
NOT REQUIRED
11/21/2008

November 14, 2008
Mr. Gil Vinzani
NPDES Eastern Program Supervisor
Point Source Branch NC DENR / DWQ
1617 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1617
Subject: Lower Cape Fear Water & Sewer Authority (LCFWASA)
Bladen Bluffs Regional Surface Water Treatment Plant
Letter of Authorization for NPDES Permit Application Short Form C-WTP
Dear Mr. Vinzani:
Please find enclosed "Attachment A Local Government Review Form", signed and notarized by
the County of Bladen in accordance with the Lower Cape Fear Water & Sewer Authority's
application for a NPDES permit.
Please do not hesitate to call me at [phone] if you have any questions or need additional
information. Thank you for your assistance.
Cordially,
Don Betz
Executive Director
Lower Cape Fear Water & Sewer Authority
Enclosure
CC: Chairman and Board of Directors
Morella Sanchez -King, PH.D., P.E., HUA
Lower Cape Fear Water 6' Sewer Authority
1107 New Pointe Blvd, Suite 17
Leland, North Carolina 28451
phn 910.383.1919 fax [phone]
www.lcfwasa.org
Water is Our Business

Attachment A. Local Government Review Form
General Statute Overview, North Carolina General Statute 143-215.1 (c)(6) allows input from local governments in
the issuance of NPDES Permits for non -municipal domestic wastewater treatment facilities. Specifically, the
Environmental Management Commission (EMC) may not act on an application for a new non -municipal domestic
wastewater discharge facility until it has received a written statement from each city and county government having
jurisdiction over any part of the lands on which the proposed facility and its appurtenances are to be located. The
written statement shall document whether the city or county has a zoning or subdivision ordinance in effect and (if
such an ordinance is in effect) whether the proposed facility is consistent with the ordinance. The EMC shall not
approve a permit application for any facility which a city or county has determined to be inconsistent with zoning or
subdivision ordinances unless the approval of such application is determined to have statewide significance and is in
the best interest of the State.
Instructions to the Applicant: Prior to submitting an application for a NPDES Permit for a proposed facility, the
applicant shall request that both the nearby city and county government complete this form. The applicant must.
• Submit a copy of the permit application (with a written request for this form to be completed) to the clerk of
the city and the county by certified mail, return receipt requested.
■ If either (or both) local government(s) fail(s) to mail the completed form, as evidenced by the postmark on the
certified mail caxd(s), within 15 days after receiving and signing for the certified mail, the applicant may submit
the application to the NPDES Unit.
• As evidence to the Commission that the local government(s) failed to respond within 15 days, the applicant
shall submit a copy of the certified mail card along with a notarized letter stating that the local government(s)
failed to respond within the 15-day period.
Instructions to the Local Government: The nearby city and/or county government which may have or has
jurisdiction over any part of the land on which the proposed facility or its appurtenances are to be located is required
to complete and return this form to the applicant within 15 days of receipt. The form must be signed and notarized.
Name of local government
(City/County)
Does the city/county have jurisdiction over any part of the land on which the proposed facility and its appurtenances are
to be located? Yee [✓j No [ ] lino, please sign this form, have it notarized, and return it to the applicant.
Does the city/county have in effect a zoning or subdivision ordinance? Yes [ No [ ]
If there is a zoning ox subdivision ordinance in effect, is the plan for the proposed/ facility consistent with the ordinance?
Yes
] OVdihtihCe I,�JOkid he �i-�ew�ce� c.'fe`ti �70 ot�y5 011 c- 55rT�`c.�0
Y
Date I(— 6-ow
Signature
1 QLia,
(
ager4County Manage4)
State of
On this
,AI
, County of c l a d C. n
day of / u l U C P-1 b e CC S personally appeared before me, the said
name ° r' e t) t• �� J • I i' l (04, , fl to me known and known to me to be the parson
described in d who executed the foregoing document and he (or she) acknowledged that he (or she) executed the
same and being duly sworn by me, made oath that the statements in the foregoing document arectrue.
My Commission expires / 2/i,5aC' C g .(Signature of Notary Public t.hr 7!'t�
i Notary Public (Official Seal)
NOV 1 7 2008
6SE? 0E011 200Z '0E 'PP0

November 10, 2008
gi
Mr. Gil Vinzani
NPDES Eastern Program Supervisor
Point Source Branch NC DENR / DWQ
1617 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1617
Subject: Lower Cape Fear Water & Sewer Authority (LCFWASA)
Bladen Bluffs Regional Surface Water Treatment Plant
Letter of Authorization for NPDES Permit Application Short Form C-WTP
Dear Mr. Vinzani:
This letter serves as authorization for Hobbs, Upchurch and Associates (HUA) to submit an
application for a NPDES Permit Short Form C-WTP on behalf of the Lower Cape Fear Water &
Sewer Authority (LCFWASA) for the Bladen Bluffs Regional Surface Water Treatment Plant
near Tarheel, Bladen County, North Carolina.
Please do not hesitate to call me at [phone] if you have any questions or need additional
information. Thank you for your assistance.
Cordially,
Don Betz
Executive Director
Lower Cape Fear Water & Sewer Authority
CC: Chairman and Board of Directors
Morella Sanchez -King, PH.D., P.E., HUA
Lower Cape Fear Water 6' Sewer Authority
1107 New Pointe Blvd, Suite 17
Leland, North Carolina 28451
Water is Our Business
phn 910.383.1919 fax [phone]
www.lcfwasa.org

Attachment A. Local Government Review Form
General Statute Overview: North Carolina General Statute 143-215.1 (c)(6) allows input from local governments in
the issuance of NPDES Permits for non -municipal domestic wastewater treatment facilities. Specifically, the
Environmental Management Commission (EMC) may not act on an application for a new non -municipal domestic
wastewater discharge facility until it has received a written statement from each city and county government having
jurisdiction over any part of the lands on which the proposed facility and its appurtenances are to be located. The
written statement shall document whether the city or county has a zoning or subdivision ordinance in effect and (if
such an ordinance is in effect) whether the proposed facility is consistent with the ordinance. The EMC shall not
approve a permit application for any facility which a city or county has determined to be inconsistent with zoning or
subdivision ordinances unless the approval of such application is determined to have statewide significance and is in
the best interest of the State.
Instructions to the Applicant: Prior to submitting an application for a NPDES Permit for a proposed facility, the
applicant shall request that both the nearby city and county government complete this form. The applicant must:
• Submit a copy of the permit application (with a written request for this form to be completed) to the clerk of
the city and the county by certified mail, return receipt requested.
• If either (or both) local government(s) fail(s) to mail the completed form, as evidenced by the postmark on the
certified mail card(s), within 15 days after receiving and signing for the certified mail, the applicant may submit
the application to the NPDES Unit.
• As evidence to the Commission that the local government(s) failed to respond within 15 days, the applicant
shall submit a copy of the certified mail card along with a notarized letter staling that the local government(s)
failed to respond within the 15-day period.
Instructions to the Local Government: The nearby city and/or county government which may have or has
jurisdiction over any part of the land on which the proposed facility or its appurtenances are to be located is required
to complete and return this form to the applicant within 15 days of receipt. The form must be signed and notarized.
Name of local government /G' n%
//,.2A ti&
(City/County)
Does the city/o rarrry have juris ction over any part of the land on which the proposed facility and its appurtenances are
to be located? Yes [ ] No [ ► If no, please sign this form, have it notarized, and return it to the applicant
Does the city/county have in effect a zoning or subdivision ordinance? Yes [ ] No [ ]
If there is a zoning or subdivision ordinance in effect, is the plan for the proposed facility consistent with the ordinance?
No ['
Date /t- /7
Signature
2
(City Manager/County Manager)
State of 0 '�./ ea t 4r,uki, County of Oa d e !v
day of MtA14/1- A0.), ,Atg, personally appeared before me, the said
On this / 7
name &V. + r ' ' ' Ca ded to me known and known to me to be the person
described in and who executed the foregoing document and he (or she) acknowledged that he (or she) executed the .,,'tea,,.
same and being duly sworn by me, made oath that the statements in the foregoing document are e. ;t�'s
My Commission expires 41/0-6 I .(Signature of Notary Public '. -. t T*
a / Notary Public,.(Offieie1) �i
_ J„,,,4 lies/-e,,, '......
DEC
1' COUt 1 ,'.,:

ty Hobbs, Upchurch & Associates, P.A.
Consulting Engineers
14878 US Hwy 17 • P.O. Box 1400 • Hampstead, NC 28443
October 31th 2008
Mr. Gil Vinzani, NPDES Eastern Program Supervisor
Point Source Branch
NC DENR / DWQ
1617 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1617
RE: NPDES Permit Application
Project: Discharge of the Decant and Backwash Water from the Bladen Bluffs
Regional Surface Water Treatment Plant, Tar Heel, N.C.
Dear Mr. Vinzani:
We respectfully apply for a NPDES permit for the backwash water from the
Bladen Bluffs surface water treatment plant (WTP). The WTP will be operated
by the Lower Cape Fear Water and Sewer Authority ("The Authority") between
NC Hwy 87 and the Cape Fear River. The capacity of the plant will be 4.4 up to
6.o MGD. The maximum discharge from the facility will be 0.9 MGD (15% of
the maximum flow rate of 6 MGD).
An Environmental Assessment (EA) was prepared in accordance with the North
Carolina State Environmental Policy Act (NC SEPA) for the purpose of
evaluating the environmental consequences of completing the Bladen Bluffs
Regional Surface Water System including the WTP described above. The EA
received the Finding of No Significant Impact (FONSI) on June 11, 2008.
We are enclosing the following documentation:
• NPDES Application- Short Form C- WTP and application fee (check for
$ 860)
•Analysis of Source Water January 2008, Provided by the Division of Water
Quality
• Bladen Bluffs WTP Hydraulic Profile and Process Schematic
• Location of the proposed NPDES Discharge at 34°45'53" N and 78°48'16" W
•Alternative Analysis for the disposal of o.9-MGD backwash water

Virzani - Bladen Bluffs WTP- Backwashwater NPDES Permit Application
Disposal alternatives analyzed included: connection to an existing sewer system,
land based disposal, recycle of backwash water, surface water discharge, and
disposal combinations.
The option of land based discharge is severely limited by soils adjacent to and in
the vicinity of the WTP property. The limitations of the soil and the cost of
equipment for the land application, coupled with the required maintenance of
the system make it unfeasible.
The two remaining options considered were recycling of the waste stream and
surface water discharge. DENR Plan Review Branch requires that any recycle
be limited to 10%, but recycle in any amount is discouraged. For this reason,
the surface water discharge is requested.
The option of surface water discharge will not present an environmental
concern to the waters of the Cape Fear River. The discharge will eliminate the
potential for increasing the organics load to the WTP.
We, therefore, respectfully apply for a NPDES permit for o.9-MGD backwash
water flow from the Bladen Bluffs Regional Surface Water Treatment Plant in
Tar Heel, N.C.
Please contact me for any questions you may have.
Sincerely,
Hobbs, Upchurch & Associates, P.A.
Morella Sanchez -King, Ph.D., P.E.
Division Manager- Hampstead Office
14878 US Hwy 17
Suite 5
Hampstead, NC 28443
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Enclosures
cc.
Don Betz, Lower Cape Fear Water and Sewer Authority
Brenan Buckley, P.E., CDM
Fred Hobbs, P.E., HUA
Hampstead, NC • Telephone [phone] • Fax [phone] •
email: [e-mail]
Southern Pines Nags Head Charlotte
Beaufort
2

NPDES PERMIT APPLICATION - SHORT FORM C - WTP
For discharges associated with water treatment plants
Mail the complete application to:
N. C. Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Division of Water Quality / NPDES Unit
1617 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, NC 27699-1617
NPDES Permit Number
NCO() 'dig)
If you are completing this form in computer use the TAB key or the up - down arrows to move from one
field to the next. To check the boxes, click your mouse on top of the box. Otherwise, please print or type.
1. Contact Information:
Owner Name
Facility Name
Mailing Address
City
State / Zip Code
Telephone Number
Fax Number
e-mail Address
Lower Cape Fear Water and Sewer Authority
Bladen Bluffs Regional Surface Water System
1107 New Pointe Blvd., Suite 17
Leland
North Carolina, 28451
[phone]
[phone]
[e-mail]
2. Location of facility producing discharge:
Check here if same as above ❑
Street Address or State Road
NC Highway 87
City Tar Heel
State / Zip Code
County
North Carolina, 28392
Bladen
3. Operator Information:
Name of the firm, consultant or other entity that operates the facility. (Note that this is not referring to the
Operator in Responsible Charge or ORC)
Name
Mailing Address
City
State / Zip Code
Telephone Number
Fax Number
Lower Cape Fear Water and Sewer Authority
1107 New Pointe Blvd., Suite 17
Leland
North Carolina, 28451
[phone]
[phone]
4. Ownership Status:
Federal ❑ State 0
5. Type of treatment plant:
Private ❑ Public El
Page 1 of 7 C-WTP 03/05

NPDES PERMIT APPLICATION - SHORT FORM C - WTP
For discharges associated with water treatment plants
® Conventional (Includes coagulation, flocculation, and sedimentation, usually followed by
filtration and disinfection)
❑ Ion Exchange (Sodium Cycle Cationic ion exchange)
❑ Green Sand Filter (No sodium recharge)
O Membrane Technology (RO, nanofiltration)
Check here if the treatment process also uses a water softener 0
6. Description of source water(s) (i.e. groundwater, surface water)
The source water is the Cape Fear River (surface water), south of Fayeteville, between Lock and
Dams 2 and 3. Analysis of the source water collected is included in Appendix C. Additional
information related to the source water is provided in Appendix A (Excerpts from Environmental
Assessment) and Exhibit B (Application for the Reclassification of a segment of the Cape Fear
River) .
7. Describe the treatment process(es) for the raw water:
The recommended treatment process for the Bladen Bluffs Regional Surface WTP is based
on conventional treatment. Appendix D includes a schematic flow through the facility.
Principal plant features include:
•Rapid Mix
Two rapid mix basins will be provided. Provisions will be made for feeding ferric or alum
coagulant, polymer, and caustic to the rapid mix chambers. The rapid mix chambers will
each be 5 feet x 5 feet x 8.2 feet water depth, with a detention time of 30 to 20 seconds
each at a plant flow rate of 4.4 to 6 mgd. Two chambers are provided in series to allow the
flexibility of adding coagulant chemicals at separate locations. Design power input as
defined by G- value will be about 1000/second at 68°F in the mixing zone.
*Flocculation
Two trains of four -stage flocculators will be provided. Each flocculation basin will be about
10.5 feet long and 10.5 feet wide per compratment with four equal compartments, and will
have an approximate 13 foot side water depth at design flow. A baffle wall will separate
each flocculation stage. Each compartment will be equipped with a vertical flocculator of
the turbine type driven by a variable frequency drive (VFD). Maximum water power input,
as defined by G-value will be approximately 80/second. The four compartments wifi allow
for tapered flocculation, which will allow for optimization of the flocculation process. It is
estimated that average energy input will be approximately equal to a G value of 20 to
40/second. The VFDs for the flocculators will be of the variable frequency type for
optimum efficiency. Flocculation detention time is about 30 to 20 minutes in the basins
at 4.4 to 6.0 mgd.
• Sedimentation
Two sedimentation basins, each equipped with sludge collection equipment, will be
provided. The basins will have approximately 15 foot average side water depth at design
flow. The total tank volume will provide for a detention time of 4.0 hours at 4.4 mgd to
6.0 mgd (bid alternate).
Sludge will be collected by chain and flight collectors to hoppers located at one end of the
tank. Sludge will be manually or automatically withdrawn through the use of telescopic
valves to a view box, which will allow the operators to visually monitor the sludge
consistency in order to determine the length of time for sludge removal and minimize
discharge of clean water.
Water will flow from each sedimentation basin into a filter influent flume. Provisions will be
made to feed chlorine, caustic, and polymer into the filter influent.
Page 2 of 7C-WTP 03/05

NPDES PERMIT APPLICATION - SHORT FORM C - WTP
For discharges associated with water treatment plants
• Filtration
Three filters will be provided, each having a design capacity of 1.5 mgd. Each filter cell will
be 21.75 feet x 12 feet, having an area of 261 sf and a filtering rate of 4.0 gpm/sf. The
filters will be equipped with air water backwash, washwater troughs, sand, and GAC or
anthracite media.
Filter Hydraulics
Settled water enters the filter from the ifiter influent channel through an influent valve,
flows into the inlet and backwash trough ports, and from the troughs is distributed over
the filter bed.
The filters will initially be rated at 4 gpm/sf, but will be hydraulically capable of up to 6.0
gpm/sf.
8. Describe the wastewater and the treatment process(es) for wastewater generated by the
facility:
Treatment Process Residuals and Waste Washwater Disposal
1. Residuals Sources
Provision of adequate residuals handling facilities and proper residuals management is
critical to the successful operation of a water treatment plant (WTP). The major sources of
residuals at the Bladen Bluffs Regional Surface WTP include the sedimentation sludge and
spent filter backwash water. Suspended matter, color, and other impurities in the raw
water are removed mostly during the coagulation/clarification process. A small amount of
these residuals not removed in the sedimentation basins is removed in the filters and the
solids are subsequently removed in the spent filter backwash water.
2. Residuals Quantity
The quantity of residuals produced by the plant depends on the raw water quality and the
chemicals used to treat the raw water. Knowledge of water chemistry and extensive
experience at operating other treatment plants has shown that a relationship exists
between these factors that can be used to predict the amount of residual solids produced.
By far, the majority of residuals produced in the plant come from the coagulation process.
Other additives such as polymer and powdered activated carbon (PAC) can be assumed to
produce amounts of residuals equivalent to the dosages added to the water. Suspended
solids also produce an equivalent weight of residuals, as they are non -reactive. Iron and
manganese (including manganese from permanganate) are oxidized in the treatment plant
and are removed in the oxidized precipitate form. Therefore, the equation used to
calculate the amount of solids produced is:
S = 8.34 * Q (0.53C + SS + A +1.9Fe +1.58 Mn) (1)
Where the parameter values used for calculations include,
S = solids produced (lb /day)
Q = average plant flow (mgd), 3.3 mgd
C = average coagulant dose, 60 mg/L Fe2(SO4)3
SS = average raw water suspended solids (mg/L)
= b*Tu, where b = constant, assume 1.5 and Tu =
average raw water turbidity in nephelometric turbidity units (NTU)A
42 mg/ L
A = additional chemicals added (mg/L), 2 mg/L for
estimated annual average
Fe = average raw water iron concentration (mg/L), 0.90 mg/L
Mn = average raw water manganese concentration (mg/L), 0.1 mg/L
The raw water suspended solids can be estimated from the raw water turbidity:
SS (mg/L) = b* Tu as shown above
The correlation factor between turbidity and suspended solids may vary from 0.7 to 2.2 and
Page 3 of 7 C-WTP 03/05

NPDES PERMIT APPLICATION - SHORT FORM C - WTP
For discharges associated with water treatment plants
may seasonally vary for the same raw water supply. Since no suspended solids data was
available, the value of b was assumed to be 1.5 for the purpose of estimating the residuals
quantity.
Using equation (1) and the above parameter values, S = 2,138 dry lb/day.
Based on our experience from other treatment plants, roughly 90 percent of the solids
produced will end up in the sedimentation sludge. The rest will be collected in the spent
filter backwash water. Table 1 provides a summary of estimated sedimentation residuals
quantities under current and future flow conditions. An average flow of 6.6 mgd allows for
doubling of the plant flow to 8.8 mgd daily maximum capacity.
Table 1
Summary of Sedimentation Sludge Quantities (based on 90 percent of the solids being in
the sedimentation sludge at a concentration of 0.5 percent solids)
Average Daily Plant Flow, mgd 3.3 6.6
Solids (lb/day) 1,924 3,848
Volume (gpd) 46,000 92,000
The quantity of filter backwash water produced is a function of filter to waste run time and
the amount of water used in backwashing. Based on our experience with other treatment
plants, approximately 86,000 gallons of water will be produced in each filter of the size
proposed while backwashing typically, though this number can vary. The calculated
backwash volume is based on a maximum backwash rate of 22 gpm/sf for 15 minutes
duration. In addition, approximately 31,000 gallons of filter -to -waste will be discharged
per filter backwash at an average plant flow of 3.3 mgd before putting the filters back into
service, assuming 30 minutes of filter -to -waste per backwash at 4 gpm/sf filter rate. Table
2 summarizes the estimated average quantity of backwash water produced for current and
future flow conditions. It is assumed that two filters at 4.4 mgd and four filters at 6.6 mgd
will be backwashed each day.
Table 2
Summary of Estimated Average Spent Filter Backwash Water Quantity
Average Daily Plant Flow (mgd) 3.3 6.6
Total Number of Filters 3 Up to 6
No. of Filters Backwashed 2 4
Backwash Volume (gpd) 172,000 344,000
Filter -to -Waste (gpd) 62,000 124,000
Average Daily Total (gpd) 234,000 468,000
3. Waste Characteristics
The sedimentation solids and spent filter backwash water have significantly different
characteristics. Sedimentation sludge is a small flow with high solids concentrations
typically between 0.5 percent to 2 percent, depending on the raw water quality and
coagulant conditions as well as the frequency and duration of sludge removal. We estimate
that roughly 90 percent of the solids generated are removed in the sedimentation basins.
Sedimentation basin sludge is removed each day and its removal can be timed to be
proportional to the volume of water treated by each sedimentation basin.
The approximately 10 percent of the solids not removed in the sedimentation basins will be
removed by the filters and subsequently removed from the filter media during filter
backwashing. Spent filter backwash water is discharged after each filter backwash.
Page 4 of 7 C-WTP 03/05

NPDES PERMIT APPLICATION - SHORT FORM C - WTP
For discharges associated with water treatment plants
4. Residuals Handling Approach
The proposed two -residuals basins will serve to receive the sedimentation sludge,
washwater from the sedimentation basins, and filter backwash waste at the Bladen Bluffs
Regional Surface WTP. The residuals basins will be used for storage and as an
equalization/clarification basin. In normal operation, backwash water and other high flows
would be directed to one basin while the other basin functions as more of a polishing
basin. When one basin is down for cleaning, the other basin would be decanted down prior
to backwashing so as to capture the backwash and then allow it to settle before decanting.
Putting all the solids in the residuals basins appears most cost effective. Once a basin
reaches 5 percent solids concentration, bidding for contract removal is needed. Decant
from the residuals basins could be pumped using the recycle pump station to the raw
water piping upstream the impoundment or flow to a ditch towards the river for discharge
in accordance with a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit.
Residuals Basins
Each of the two residuals basins will have a capacity of approximately 2.0 MG and a depth
of approximately 7 ft. Each of the basins has been sized to provide approximately 365
days of storage capacity for an average daily flow rate of up to 3.3 mgd, assuming that no
land application of thickened sludge were to take place on -site.
Various sludge disposal options were considered including disposing 2 to 5 percent
thickened sludge from the residuals basins or gravity thickener by either land application
on -site, contract hauling and disposal off -site, or contract dewatering and disposal.
The least cost option is currently to put all solids in the residuals basins and to take
backwash high flows to one basin first, then to the other basin at lower decanted flow
rates for polishing. Once a basin is full of sludge, contract sludge removal will occur. In
the long-term, once the plant is expanded or if contract cleaning bids are much higher
than currently quoted, the other disposal options can be revisited.
Based on the residuals production projected above, and assuming that the solids
concentration of 2 to 5 percent, the estimated residuals basins cleaning frequencies are
presented in Table 3.
Table 3 - Estimated Residuals Basins Cleaning Frequency
Average Daily Plant Flow (mgd) 3.3
At 5 percent Solids
Residuals Volume
Depth of Residuals per year
Estimated Dredging Frequency
At 2 percent Solids
Residuals Volume
Depth of Residuals per year
Estimated Dredging Frequency
1.9 MG/year
6 ft
Once every year
4.8 MG/year
15 ft
Once every 4 months
Note: Dredging requirements estimated based on reserving the top 2ft of lagoon depth for
proper plant operation.
9. Number of separate discharge points: one discharge of 0.9 MGD (See location in Appendix E).
Outfall Identification number(s)
10. Frequency of discharge:
Continuous ® Intermittent ❑
If intermittent:
Days per week discharge occurs: Duration:
Page 5 of 7 C-WTP 03/05

NPDES PERMIT APPLICATION - SHORT FORM C - WTP
For discharges associated with water treatment plants
11. Plant design potable flowrate 4.4 up to 6.0 MGD
Backwash or reject flow 0.9 MGD
12. Name of receiving stream(s) (Provide a map showing the exact location of each outfall, including
latitude and longitude):
Cape Fear River south of Fayeteville, between Lock and Dams 2 and 3. See Exhibit B for
outfall location.
The outfall will be located at 34°45'53" N and 78°48' 16" W. (See Exhibit C).
13. Please list all water treatment additives, including cleaning chemicals or disinfection
treatments, that have the potential to be discharged.
Ferric Sulfate or Aluminum Sulfate, Chlorine (Sodium Hypochlorite),
Caustic Soda or liquid lime, Fluoride (Hydrofluosilicic Acid), Polymer,
Corrosion Inhibitor (e.g. phosphate), Ammonia (future), and Oxidant (e.g. Permanganate),
Calcium Thiosulfate.
Note: "or" means that the plant will have the ability to use either but only one would be use
time.
14. Is this facility located on Indian country? (check one)
Yes ❑ No
15. Additional Information:
> Provide a schematic of flow through the facility, include flow volumes at all points in
the treatment process, and point of addition of chemicals.
> Solids Handling Plan
16. NEW Applicants
Information needed in addition to items 1-15:
> New applicants must contact a permit coordinator with the NCDENR Customer
Service Center.
Was the Customer Service Center contacted? ® Yes ❑ No
> Analyses of source water collected
> Engineering Alternative Analysis
> Discharges from Ion Exchange and Reverse Osmosis plants shall be evaluated using a
water quality model.
Page 6 of 7 C-WTP 03/05

NPDES PERMIT APPLICATION - SHORT FORM C - WTP
For discharges associated with water treatment plants
17. Applicant Certification
I certify that I am familiar with the information contained in the application and that to the
best of my knowledge and belief such information is true, complete, and accurate.
Morella Sanchez -King, Ph.D., P.E.
Hampstead Office, Divison Manager
Printed name of Person Signing
/1/02ELLA SANc/ic Z- h iNF)
Signature of Applicant
Hobbs, Upchurch & Associates, P.A.
Title
Io /3/ 12 oo8
Date
North Carolina General Statute 143-215.6 (b)(2) provides that: Any person who knowingly makes any false
statement representation, or certification in any application, record, report, plan, or other document files or
required to be maintained under Article 21 or regulations of the Environmental Management Commission
implementing that Article, or who falsifies, tampers with, or knowingly renders inaccurate any recording or
monitoring device or method required to be operated or maintained under Article 21 or regulations of the
Environmental Management Commission implementing that Article, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor punishable
by a fine not to exceed $25,000, or by imprisonment not to exceed six months, or by both. (18 U.S.C. Section
1001 provides a punishment by a fine of not more than $25,000 or imprisonment not more than 5 years, or both,
for a similar offense.)
Page 7 of 7
C-WTP 03/05

NPDES PERMIT APPLICATION - SHORT FORM C - WTP
For discharges associated with water treatment plants
Mail the complete application to:
N. C. Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Division of Water Quality / NPDES Unit
1617 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, NC 27699-1617
NPDES Permit Number
NC001,711
If you are completing this form in computer use the TAB key or the up - down arrows to move from one
field to the next. To check the boxes, click your mouse on top of the box. Otherwise, please print or type.
1. Contact Information:
Owner Name Lower Cape Fear Water and Sewer Authority
Facility Name Bladen Bluffs Regional Surface Water System
Mailing Address 1107 New Pointe Blvd., Suite 17
City Leland
State / Zip Code North Carolina, 28451
Telephone Number [phone]
Fax Number [phone]
e-mail Address [e-mail]
'1 " 4
2. Location of facility producing discharge:
Check here if same as above ❑
Street Address or State Road
City Tar Heel
State / Zip Code
County Bladen
NC Highway 87
North Carolina, 28392
3. Operator Information:
Name of the firm, consultant or other entity that operates the facility. (Note that this is not referring to the
Operator in Responsible Charge or ORC)
Name Lower Cape Fear Water and Sewer Authority
Mailing Address 1107 New Pointe Blvd., Suite 17
City Leland
State / Zip Code North Carolina, 28451
Telephone Number [phone]
Fax Number [phone]
4. Ownership Status:
Federal ❑ State ❑
5. Type of treatment plant:
Private ❑ Public
Page 1 of 7
C-WTP 03/05

NPDES PERMIT APPLICATION - SHORT FORM C - WTP
For discharges associated with water treatment plants
® Conventional (Includes coagulation, flocculation, and sedimentation, usually followed by
filtration and disinfection)
❑ Ion Exchange (Sodium Cycle Cationic ion exchange)
❑ Green Sand Filter (No sodium recharge)
❑ Membrane Technology (RO, nanofiltration)
Check here if the treatment process also uses a water softener ❑
6. Description of source water(s) (i.e. groundwater, surface water)
The source water is the Cape Fear River (surface water), south of Fayeteville, between Lock and
Dams 2 and 3. Analysis of the source water collected is included in Appendix C. Additional
information related to the source water is provided in Appendix A (Excerpts from Environmental
Assessment) and Exhibit B (Application for the Reclassification of a segment of the Cape Fear
River).
7. Describe the treatment process(es) for the raw water:
The recommended treatment process for the Bladen Bluffs Regional Surface WTP is based
on conventional treatment. Appendix D includes a schematic flow through the facility.
Principal plant features include:
•Rapid Mix
Two rapid mix basins will be provided. Provisions will be made for feeding ferric or alum
coagulant, polymer, and caustic to the rapid mix chambers. The rapid mix chambers will
each be 5 feet x 5 feet x 8.2 feet water depth, with a detention time of 30 to 20 seconds
each at a plant flow rate of 4.4 to 6 mgd. Two chambers are provided in series to allow the
flexibility of adding coagulant chemicals at separate locations. Design power input as
defined by G- value will be about 1000/second at 68°F in the mixing zone.
•Flocculation
Two trains of four -stage flocculators will be provided. Each flocculation basin will be about
10.5 feet long and 10.5 feet wide per compratment with four equal compartments, and will
have an approximate 13 foot side water depth at design flow. A baffle wall will separate
each flocculation stage. Each compartment will be equipped with a vertical flocculator of
the turbine type driven by a variable frequency drive (VFD). Maximum water power input,
as defined by G-value will be approximately 80/second. The four compartments wifi allow
for tapered flocculation, which will allow for optimization of the flocculation process. It is
estimated that average energy input will be approximately equal to a G value of 20 to
40/second. The VFDs for the flocculators will be of the variable frequency type for
optimum efficiency. Flocculation detention time is about 30 to 20 minutes in the basins
at 4.4 to 6.0 mgd.
• Sedimentation
Two sedimentation basins, each equipped with sludge collection equipment, will be
provided. The basins will have approximately 15 foot average side water depth at design
flow. The total tank volume will provide for a detention time of 4.0 hours at 4.4 mgd to
6.0 mgd (bid alternate).
Sludge will be collected by chain and flight collectors to hoppers located at one end of the
tank. Sludge will be manually or automatically withdrawn through the use of telescopic
valves to a view box, which will allow the operators to visually monitor the sludge
consistency in order to determine the length of time for sludge removal and minimize
discharge of clean water.
Water will flow from each sedimentation basin into a filter influent flume. Provisions will be
made to feed chlorine, caustic, and polymer into the filter influent.
Page 2 of 7 C-WTP 03/05

c ..
NPDES PERMIT APPLICATION - SHORT FORM C - WTP
For discharges associated with water treatment plants
•Filtration
Three filters will be provided, each having a design capacity of 1.5 mgd. Each filter cell will
be 21.75 feet x 12 feet, having an area of 261 sf and a filtering rate of 4.0 gpm/sf. The
filters will be equipped with air water backwash, washwater troughs, sand, and GAC or
anthracite media.
Filter Hydraulics
Settled water enters the filter from the ifiter influent channel through an influent valve,
flows into the inlet and backwash trough ports, and from the troughs is distributed over
the filter bed.
The filters will initially be rated at 4 gpm/sf, but will be hydraulically capable of up to 6.0
gpm/sf.
8. Describe the wastewater and the treatment process(es) for wastewater generated by the
facility:
Treatment Process Residuals and Waste Washwater Disposal
1. Residuals Sources
Provision of adequate residuals handling facilities and proper residuals management is
critical to the successful operation of a water treatment plant (WTP). The major sources of
residuals at the Bladen Bluffs Regional Surface WTP include the sedimentation sludge and
spent filter backwash water. Suspended matter, color, and other impurities in the raw
water are removed mostly during the coagulation/clarification process. A small amount of
these residuals not removed in the sedimentation basins is removed in the filters and the
solids are subsequently removed in the spent filter backwash water.
2. Residuals Quantity
The quantity of residuals produced by the plant depends on the raw water quality and the
chemicals used to treat the raw water. Knowledge of water chemistry and extensive
experience at operating other treatment plants has shown that a relationship exists
between these factors that can be used to predict the amount of residual solids produced.
By far, the majority of residuals produced in the plant come from the coagulation process.
Other additives such as polymer and powdered activated carbon (PAC) can be assumed to
produce amounts of residuals equivalent to the dosages added to the water. Suspended
solids also produce an equivalent weight of residuals, as they are non -reactive. Iron and
manganese (including manganese from permanganate) are oxidized in the treatment plant
and are removed in the oxidized precipitate form. Therefore, the equation used to
calculate the amount of solids produced is:
S = 8.34 * Q (0.53C + SS + A +1.9Fe +1.58 Mn) (1)
Where the parameter values used for calculations include,
S = solids produced (lb/day)
Q = average plant flow (mgd), 3.3 mgd
C = average coagulant dose, 60 mg/L Fe2(SO4)3
SS = average raw water suspended solids (mg/L)
b*Tu, where b = constant, assume 1.5 and Tu =
average raw water turbidity in nephelometric turbidity units (NTU)A
42 mg/L
A = additional chemicals added (mg/L), 2 mg/L for
estimated annual average
Fe = average raw water iron concentration (mg/L), 0.90 mg/L
Mn = average raw water manganese concentration (mg/L), 0.1 mg/L
The raw water suspended solids can be estimated from the raw water turbidity:
SS (mg/L) = b* Tu as shown above
The correlation factor between turbidity and suspended solids may vary from 0.7 to 2.2 and
Page 3 of 7 C-WTP 03/05

NPDES PERMIT APPLICATION - SHORT FORM C - WTP
For discharges associated with water treatment plants
may seasonally vary for the same raw water supply. Since no suspended solids data was
available, the value of b was assumed to be 1.5 for the purpose of estimating the residuals
quantity.
Using equation (1) and the above parameter values, S = 2,138 dry lb/day.
Based on our experience from other treatment plants, roughly 90 percent of the solids
produced will end up in the sedimentation sludge. The rest will be collected in the spent
filter backwash water. Table 1 provides a summary of estimated sedimentation residuals
quantities under current and future flow conditions. An average flow of 6.6 mgd allows for
doubling of the plant flow to 8.8 mgd daily maximum capacity.
Table 1
Summary of Sedimentation Sludge Quantities (based on 90 percent of the solids being in
the sedimentation sludge at a concentration of 0.5 percent solids)
Average Daily Plant Flow, mgd 3.3 6.6
Solids (lb/day) 1,924 3,848
Volume (gpd) 46,000 92,000
The quantity of filter backwash water produced is a function of filter to waste run time and
the amount of water used in backwashing. Based on our experience with other treatment
plants, approximately 86,000 gallons of water will be produced in each filter of the size
proposed while backwashing typically, though this number can vary. The calculated
backwash volume is based on a maximum backwash rate of 22 gpm/sf for 15 minutes
duration. In addition, approximately 31,000 gallons of filter -to -waste will be discharged
per filter backwash at an average plant flow of 3.3 mgd before putting the filters back into
service, assuming 30 minutes of filter -to -waste per backwash at 4 gpm/sf filter rate. Table
2 summarizes the estimated average quantity of backwash water produced for current and
future flow conditions. It is assumed that two filters at 4.4 mgd and four filters at 6.6 mgd
will be backwashed each day.
Table 2
Summary of Estimated Average Spent Filter Backwash Water Quantity
Average Daily Plant Flow (mgd) 3.3 6.6
Total Number of Filters 3 Up to 6
No. of Filters Backwashed 2 4
Backwash Volume (gpd) 172,000 344,000
Filter -to -Waste (gpd) 62,000 124,000
Average Daily Total (gpd) 234,000 468,000
3. Waste Characteristics
The sedimentation solids and spent filter backwash water have significantly different
characteristics. Sedimentation sludge is a small flow with high solids concentrations
typically between 0.5 percent to 2 percent, depending on the raw water quality and
coagulant conditions as well as the frequency and duration of sludge removal. We estimate
that roughly 90 percent of the solids generated are removed in the sedimentation basins.
Sedimentation basin sludge is removed each day and its removal can be timed to be
proportional to the volume of water treated by each sedimentation basin.
The approximately 10 percent of the solids not removed in the sedimentation basins will be
removed by the filters and subsequently removed from the filter media during filter
backwashing. Spent filter backwash water is discharged after each filter backwash.
Page 4 of 7 C-WTP 03/05

NPDES PERMIT APPLICATION - SHORT FORM C - WTP
For discharges associated with water treatment plants
4. Residuals Handling Approach
The proposed two -residuals basins will serve to receive the sedimentation sludge,
washwater from the sedimentation basins, and filter backwash waste at the Bladen Bluffs
Regional Surface WTP. The residuals basins will be used for storage and as an
equalization/clarification basin. In normal operation, backwash water and other high flows
would be directed to one basin while the other basin functions as more of a polishing
basin. When one basin is down for cleaning, the other basin would be decanted down prior
to backwashing so as to capture the backwash and then allow it to settle before decanting.
Putting all the solids in the residuals basins appears most cost effective. Once a basin
reaches 5 percent solids concentration, bidding for contract removal is needed. Decant
from the residuals basins could be pumped using the recycle pump station to the raw
water piping upstream the impoundment or flow to a ditch towards the river for discharge
in accordance with a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit.
Residuals Basins
Each of the two residuals basins will have a capacity of approximately 2.0 MG and a depth
of approximately 7 ft. Each of the basins has been sized to provide approximately 365
days of storage capacity for an average daily flow rate of up to 3.3 mgd, assuming that no
land application of thickened sludge were to take place on -site.
Various sludge disposal options were considered including disposing 2 to 5 percent
thickened sludge from the residuals basins or gravity thickener by either land application
on -site, contract hauling and disposal off -site, or contract dewatering and disposal.
The least cost option is currently to put all solids in the residuals basins and to take
backwash high flows to one basin first, then to the other basin at lower decanted flow
rates for polishing. Once a basin is full of sludge, contract sludge removal will occur. In
the long-term, once the plant is expanded or if contract cleaning bids are much higher
than currently quoted, the other disposal options can be revisited.
Based on the residuals production projected above, and assuming that the solids
concentration of 2 to 5 percent, the estimated residuals basins cleaning frequencies are
presented in Table 3.
Table 3 - Estimated Residuals Basins Cleaning Frequency
Average Daily Plant Flow (mgd) 3.3
At 5 percent Solids
Residuals Volume 1.9 MG/year
Depth of Residuals per year 6 ft
Estimated Dredging Frequency Once every year
At 2 percent Solids
Residuals Volume 4.8 MG/year
Depth of Residuals per year 15 ft
Estimated Dredging Frequency Once every 4 months
Note: Dredging requirements estimated based on reserving the top 2ft of lagoon depth for
proper plant operation.
9. Number of separate discharge points: one discharge of 0.9 MGD (See location in Appendix E).
Outfall Identification number(s)
10. Frequency of discharge:
Continuous ® Intermittent 0
If intermittent:
Days per week discharge occurs: Duration:
Page 5 of 7 .C-WTP 03/05

NPDES PERMIT APPLICATION - SHORT FORM C - WTP
For discharges associated with water treatment plants
11. Plant design potable flowrate 4.4 up to 6.0 MGD
Backwash or reject flow 0.9 MGD
12. Name of receiving stream(s) (Provide a map showing the exact location of each outfall, including
latitude and longitude):
Cape Fear River south of Fayeteville, between Lock and Dams 2 and 3. See Exhibit B for
outfall location.
The outfall will be located at 34°45'53" N and 78°48116" W. (See Exhibit C).
13. Please list all water treatment additives, including cleaning chemicals or disinfection
treatments, that have the potential to be discharged.
Ferric Sulfate or Aluminum Sulfate, Chlorine (Sodium Hypochlorite),
Caustic Soda or liquid lime, Fluoride (Hydrofluosilicic Acid), Polymer,
Corrosion Inhibitor (e.g. phosphate), Ammonia (future), and Oxidant (e.g. Permanganate),
Calcium Thiosulfate.
Note: "or" means that the plant will have the ability to use either but only one would be use'
time.
14. Is this facility located on Indian country? (check one)
Yes ❑ No El
15. Additional Information:
• Provide a schematic of flow through the facility, include flow volumes at all points in
the treatment process, and point of addition of chemicals.
• Solids Handling Plan
16. NEW Applicants
Information needed in addition to items 1-15:
• New applicants must contact a permit coordinator with the NCDENR Customer
Service Center.
Was the Customer Service Center contacted? ® Yes ❑ No
• Analyses of source water collected
• Engineering Alternative Analysis
D Discharges from Ion Exchange and Reverse Osmosis plants shall be evaluated using a
water quality model.
Page 6 of 7 . C-WTP 03/05

a-
NPDES PERMIT APPLICATION - SHORT FORM C - WTP
For discharges associated with water treatment plants
17. Applicant Certification
I certify that I am familiar with the information contained in the application and that to the
best of my knowledge and belief such information is true, complete, and accurate.
Morella Sanchez -King, Ph.D., P.E.
Hampstead Office, Divison Manager
Printed name of Person Signing
//o LL44 6.4ycy.roz -
Signature of Applicant
Hobbs, Upchurch & Associates, P.A.
Title
/O/3/12co8 •
Date
North Carolina General Statute 143-215.6 (b)(2) provides that: Any person who knowingly makes any false
statement representation, or certification in any application, record, report, plan, or other document files or
required to be maintained under Article 21 or regulations of the Environmental Management Commission
implementing that Article, or who falsifies, tampers with, or knowingly renders inaccurate any recording or
monitoring device or method required to be operated or maintained under Article 21 or regulations of the
Environmental Management Commission implementing that Article, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor punishable
by a fine not to exceed $25,000, or by imprisonment not to exceed six months, or by both. (18 U.S.C. Section
1001 provides a punishment by a fine of not more than $25,000 or imprisonment not more than 5 years, or both,
for a similar offense.)
Page 7 of 7 C-WTP 03/05

(EXCERPTS) ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT
FOR THE DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION, AND OPERATION OF THE
BLADEN BLUFFS REGIONAL SURFACE WATER SYSTEM
BLADEN COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
A. PROPOSED PROJECT DESCRIPTION
The Environmental Assessment (EA) was prepared in accordance with the North Carolina State
Environmental Policy Act (NC SEPA), N.C. General Statute Section 113A-1. et seg., N.C. General
Statute 143-215.1 (b)(2) and other applicable laws, for the purpose of evaluating the environmental
consequences of completing the Bladen Bluffs Regional Surface Water System ("System", "BBRSWS")
developed, constructed and operated by the Lower Cape Fear Water and Sewer Authority
("Authority"). The EA received the Finding of No Significant Impact (FONSI) on June 11, 2008.
Local government endorsements to this proposed system have been received from the counties of
Bladen, Columbus, Cumberland', and Sampson; from the cities of Clinton and Whiteville; and from the
towns of Elizabethtown, Chadbourn, St. Pauls, White Lake, and Lake Waccamaw. In addition, there
are letters of support from the Lumber River Council of Governments and Smithfield Packing
Company. The Authority will offer water services to local governments and industrial users in the
counties of Bladen, Columbus, Robeson and Sampson counties (the "4-County Region").
Phase I of the System will involve the construction of the following components:
(a) A 30-MGD intake structure installed adjacent to the river to avoid future river disturbances but
operated at a withdrawal capacity of 12 MGD,
(b) Screens, pipe, and pump station installed for 30 MGD, but initially operating up to 12-MGD
capacity,
(c) A water treatment plant with a capacity of up to 6 MGD,
(d) A raw water impoundment with a capacity between 12 to 20 MG, and
(e) Transmission line main, at the ROW of NC 87, will be available to existing local water distribution
systems (i.e Bladen County).
The intake, SWTP and storage reservoir will be located on land that is currently owned by Smithfield
Packing Company (SPC) in Tar Heel, N.C. (Figure 1). Arrangements will be made for long-term use of
the site by the Authority once the project is approved and prior to construction.
An application for the reclassification of a portion of the Cape Fear River (and its tributaries) from
Class "C" to Class "WS-IV" was submitted to the Classification and Standards Unit of the North
Carolina Division of Water Quality (NC DWQ) on December 4, 2006 (See Appendix B). A public
hearing was conducted on August 146, 2008. The Reclassification package is to be presented to the
Environmental Management Commission for their approval at their November 2008 meeting.
Cumberland County agrees to abide by the watershed regulations governing the Cape Fear River Reclassification request.
Lower Cape hear Water and Sew cr luthority
Bladert Bluffs Regional Surface Water System EEseerpts from the Environmental Assessment -DENR Project # 1388; DWQ # 13820
Prepared by Hobbs, Upchurch & Associates, P.A.
NJ

Water Treatment
\,, Plant Site
uture Water Treatment
Plant Expansion Site
Legend
rj xaen; sines
PrOFOFIC FaCIME
Figure 1. Location of the proposed Bladen Bluffs Project at Tar Heel, N.C. including Raw water intake, Water Treatment
Plant, Future Water Treatment Plant Expansion site
Lrnct•r (;ape Fear \\'arcr and S.' wcr \utlinritc
Hladin HluIfs itt:,*ional Surtace \\ atcr Scstcm ;{\ce9't• Iron) tltc 1 :m'irntmental .\ssessnncnt -DI?NR Project # 1388, DWQ # 1382n
Prepared by Hobbs, Upchurch & Associates, P.A.
NJ

A.L Components of the Bladen Bluffs Regional Surface Water System
System components (a-e) will be located on land currently owned by SPC provided to the Authority by
way of lease.
a. Intake, raw water main, and raw waterpump station:
The raw water intake will consist of the installation of a 30-MGD capacity intake operating at a
withdrawal capacity from 6 to 12 MGD. The intake infrastructure will include piping up to 42-inch
diameter and up to two pipes, with wedge wire screens installed in the river. The wedge wire screens
will be located on a support structure in the Cape Fear River (Class C surface water) at Bladen Bluffs,
5.5 miles down stream of Lock and Dam Number 3 (LD3) where the 7Q10 is approximately 585 cfs.
The intake will provide water to a raw water pump station that will pump the water up to a raw water
impoundment. The screens will be sized to provide capacity of up to 10 MGD per screen. The
pumping capacity will be sized at least for current needs (at least 4 MGD net capacity leaving the
treatment facility) with expansion capability up to 30 MGD by adding facilities. Normally, just one
pump would be run to satisfy initial demands. The intake will be designed in consultation with the NC
Wildlife Resources Commission to minimize entrainment and impingement of fish. A compressed air
backwash system will be installed for cleaning debris off the screens. River water will flow by gravity
pipeline to the raw water pump station. The air backwash compressor and electrical control equipment
will be in the raw water pump station to protect against the 100-year flood.
The proposed raw water pump station structure will likely be located in the FEMA-defined 100-year
floodplain as determined by the January 2007 updates prepared by the North Carolina Floodplain
Mapping Program. However, the finished floor of the structure will be located above the 100-year
flood elevation of 66 feet to protect critical equipment such as motors, controls, and electrical systems.
It is probable that the raw water pump station and intake pipe will be located within 450 feet of the
riverbank. The construction method used to install the intake pipe had not been determined but will
likely be performed by either open -cut excavation or micro -tunneling towards the river. In the event
the intake pipe is installed by open cut methods requiring disturbance of the existing vegetative buffer,
the vegetative buffer immediately adjacent to the river bank will be restored to provide visual screening
from the river.
l,enrer (;ape Dear Water and Sewer \uthnrit--
Bladen Bluffs Regional Surface Water System I :Necrpts from the Knvironmcnral .\ssessmenr -I)ENR Pruitt( # 1388. D\Y'Q # 13820
Prcpar.d be Hobbs, Upchurch & Associates, P.A.
5
NJ

4
b. Off -stream storage (Up to 20 MG Raw Water Impoundment):
The transmission mains from the raw water pump station to the raw water impoundment and from the
raw water impoundment to the treatment facility will be sized for 15 MGD initial capacity to give 30
MGD when paralleled in the future. The raw water impoundment will be sized within the range of 12
to 20 MG of storage. The range is due to limits on affordability, state regulations on raw water storage
volumes, and balancing the desire for more storage against the potential for increased algae growth
from storage.
c. Surface water treatment plant
Standards under the Safe Drinking Water Act will be met by using a proven conventional treatment
technology utilizing sedimentation, filtration, and disinfection. The SWTP will be able to operate
intermittently without impacting the finished water quality and maintaining settled water turbidity.
Some or all of the capacity may be made available to the Authority as part of a clearwell project
currently being built by SPC. The initial design will accommodate flows up to 6 MGD net capacity.
d. Sludge facilities
The preliminary design evaluates options of residuals handling including land application, bidding for
others to remove the residuals, and storing in reclamation basins. In all options, there will be
a reclamation basin for backwash water equalisation and residuals storage. Contract hauling
and disposal of sludge from residuals basins is estimated to be the least cost option initially based on
quotes received. To preserve the option of future on site land application, a portion of the site will
be reserved for residuals land application; therefore, that requirement is conservatively included in land
disturbance estimates at this time.
If used in the future, the land application system will be designed to comply with all NCDENR
requirements. A Surface Disposal of Residual Solids permit will be requested from NCDWQ. This
permit requires detailed soils reports and hydrogeologic evaluations and will include volume of sludge
to be produced, identification of disposal site with loading and percolation rates, site geology, discharge
flows, analysis of sludge characteristics, and utilization of nutrients. If future final design and soils
testing show land application to not be feasible, then residuals disposal will be contracted out and land
application will not be used.
The residuals flows including both sedimentation basin sludge and backwash water will have a total
flow of up to approximately 0.9 MGD with the initial construction. The 0.9-MGD flow would be
discharged into the Cape Fear River (Water Resources are described in Section B) via a NPDES permit
(NPDES application enclosed). The solids to be land applied from the up to 6-MGD net capacity water
treatment facility are estimated to consist of an annual average of up to approximately 4,000 pounds per
day of solids. If this amount of solids were applied at a range of 0.5 to 3 percent solids, then the range
in flow would be 10 to 70 gpm of flow.
l cnvcr Cape Fc:ir \C'so r and 4•wcr _\uthorirr
B]aden Bluffs Regional Surface Water System Isc.rpts from the Environmental Assessment -D1 NR Project # 13 R; D\YY, # 13820
Prepared by Hobbs, Upchurch & Associates, P.A.
Nil 6

e. Transmission Lines Accessible to Existing Water Mains
A network of 6, 8, 10, and 12 inch diameter water mains exists throughout the 4-County Region. This
existing distribution infrastructure is accessible to the proposed transmission lines. This guarantees that
the 4-County Region will have access to the surface water system.
Bladen County may be the first local government to be served by the system. Elizabethtown will have
access to the water by the construction of a 16 to 24-inch transmission line (diameter to be defined
during the design phase) from the Bladen Bluffs Surface Water Treatment Plant site and parallel to NC-
87. Along the way, the Towns of Tar Heel and Dublin will have access to the regional system.
Similarly, other towns (i.e. Bladenboro, Clarkton, White Lake, etc) will have access to the system.
Transmission main routes and other associated water conveyance infrastructure will be located in
rights -of -way (ROW). After construction, the only visible features of the water conveyance facilities will
be at the control valve locations (access plates for the buried control valves and/or small aboveground
control valve structures). Landscaping will be used, as necessary, to reduce potential visual impacts at
the control valve locations.
1.(nyyr Care I:ear Water and Buyer Authority
Bladtn Bluffs Regional Surface Water System lisecrpts from the Environmental Assessment -lll{NR Project # 1388; ll\VQ # 13820
Prepared by Hobbs, Upchurch & Associates, P.A.
7
NJ

•
B. WATER RESOURCES
B.1 Cape Fear River Basin
The Cape Fear River is the largest river basin occurring entirely within North Carolina and drains
approximately 9,322 square miles. The headwaters arise north of Greensboro, in northern Guilford
and southern Rockingham Counties. The river is formed by the confluence of the Deep and Haw
Rivers approximately 14 miles northeast of Sanford and flows approximately 200 miles to its mouth
into the Atlantic Ocean at the town of Southport.
Table 17 and Table 18 list the surface water classifications (published by NC DWQ) and the
characteristics of the surface water bodies within the Cape Fear River Basin located in the towns of Tar
Heel, Elizabethtown, Roseboro and Clinton by NC DWQ.
This subsection also includes discussions related to (1) the pre -and post- Jordan Lake Reservoir 7 Q 10
at the proposed intake site, (2) the possibility of the removal of the locks and dams on the Cape Fear
River, and (3) other authorized NPDES discharges in the vicinity of the proposed SWTP.
Water Features in Bladen County
Bladen County is home to the chain of lakes known as the Bladen Lakes. The five individual lakes that
make up the chain are Bay Tree, Singletary, Jones, Salters and the most popular, White Lake. Bladen
County's water resources also include the Cape Fear, South and Black Rivers. These water features
provide the opportunity to canoe, boat, fish and camp. To protect these uses, Bladen County has
adopted a watershed/water supply ordinance that covers a small portion of the county in the East
Arcadia area, and a floodplain map and ordinance that covers the entire county.
Lrnv cr (:.i I'e r Water and Sewer . \urhoriry
Bladen Bluffs Regional Surface Water System ENcerpts from the Environmental \ssessment -1DE NR Project # 1388; 1)\VQ # 13820
Prepared by Hobbs, Upchurch & Associates, P.A.
pw
8

Table 1: Bladen County: Surface Water Classifications of Water Bodies within the Cape Fear River Basin
Location
Class
Description (NC DWQ)
1. South R at US 13 near Cooper
2. Cape Fear R at W.O. Huske Lock near Tar Heel
3. Cape Fear R below Lock and Dam 3 boat ramp
4. Cape Fear R at power lines near Tolarsville
5. Cape Fear R at SR1316 at Tarheel
6. Cape Fear R below Harrison Cr near Ruskin
7. Harrison Cr at SR 1320 at Burney
8. Cape Fear R at US 701 at Elizabethtown
9. Turnbull Cr at SR 1509 near Johnsontown
10. Cape Fear R DNS mouth at Ellis CR
11. Cape Fear R above Lock and Dam 2
12. Cape Fear R at Lock 2 near Elizabethtown
13. Browns Cr at NC 87 mouth
14. Turnbull Cr — NC 53 & NC 41 near Elizabethtown
15. Cape Fear R at RM 70
16. Hammond Cr at SR 1704
C
Waters protected for secondary recreation, fishing, wildlife,
fish and aquatic life propagation and survival, agriculture and
other uses suitable for Class C. Secondary recreation includes
wading, boating, and other uses involving human body
contact with water where such activities take place in an
infrequent, unorganized, or incidental manner. There are no
restrictions on watershed development or types of
discharges.
1. Cape Fear R at SR 1730 near Carvers
2. Cape Fear R above Lock and Dam 1 — East Arcadia
3. Cape Fear R at Lock 1 near Kelly
4. Cape Fear R at NC 11 near Kings Bluff
WS-IV
Waters used as sources of potable water where a WS-I, II or
III classification is not feasible. These waters are also
protected for Class L uses. WS-IV waters are generally in
moderately to Gigh5 developed watersheds or Protected Areas, and
involve no categorical restrictions on discharges.
Cape Fear River at RM 55
WS-V
Waters protected as water supplies which are generally
upstream and draining to Class WS-IV waters or waters used
by industry to supply their employees with drinking water or
as waters formerly used as water supply. These waters are
also protected for Class C uses. WS-V has no categorical
restrictions on watershed development or wastewater
discharges unlike other WS classifications and local
governments are not required to adopt watershed protection
ordinances.
1. South R at US 13 near Cooper
2. Cape Fear R at Lock 1 near Kelly
3. Cape Fear R at NC 11 near Kings Bluff
SW
Supplemental classification intended to recognize those
waters that generally have naturally occurring very low
velocities, low pH and low dissolved oxygen. No specific
restrictions on development are involved.
1. Six Runs Cr at SR 1960 near Taylons Bridge
2. Six Runs Cr at SR 100
3. Black R at NC 411 near Tomahawk
ORW
Supplemental classification intended to protect unique and
special waters having excellent water quality and being of
exceptional state or national ecological or recreational
significance. ORWs have one of the following outstanding
resource values:
Outstanding fish habitat or fisheries,
Unusually high level of waterbased recreation,
Some special designation such as NC or National
Wild/Scenic/Natural/Recreational River, National Wildlife
Refuge, etc.,
Important component of state or national park or forest, or
Special ecological or scientific significance (rare or
endangered species habitat, research or educational areas).
No new discharges or expansions of existing discharges shall
be permitted. There are associated development controls
enforced by DWQ. ORW areas are ,HOW by definition.
Lower Cape fear \fats r and Sewer Authority
Bladen Bluffs Regional Surface Water System I•:ticerpts fr,nn the 1Meironmehital \sscssment-I)IiNR Project # 1388;1)WQ # 13820
Prepared by Hobbs, Upchurch & Associates, P.A.

B.2 Estimation of the Low Flow (7Q10) at Tar Heel
• Since the proposed intake site is in close proximity to the gauging station at Huske Lock and
Dam (USGS Station 0210550) the flow characteristics at the gauging station are applicable to
the proposed intake location (34°46'17" N and 78°47'52" W).
• No listed drainage area is available in USGS records. However, a drainage area of
approximately 4,860-4,870 sq miles is an acceptable estimation.
The following low -flow estimates were provided for use and consideration:
• For the gauging station in the Cape Fear River at William O. Huske Lock near Tarheel, the
published 7Q10 is 797 cfs, based on 1982-97 climatic years (12-month period ending March 31)
and designated by the year in which the period begins, used for determining low -flow
characteristics at continuous -record gauging stations). It reflects the period of regulated flow
releases since Jordan Lake was opened in the early 1980's. The 797 cfs value was the most
recently published 7Q10 for the gauging station included in the Cape Fear River low flow
basinwide report, published in 2001 (http://nc.water.usgs.gov/reports/wri014094). Low -flow
characteristics published in this report are based on streamflow data available through the 1998
water year (that is, ending September 1998).
• Following the recent drought periods, re -analyses of the low -flow characteristics indicate some
substantial changes in the 7Q10 discharge when considering the additional years of record. The
most recent low -flow analysis on file for this site is based on data through the 2004 climatic year
(that is, ending March 31, 2005). The 7Q10 based on streamflow during the 1982-2004 climatic
years is 585 cfs, about 25 percent lower than the previously published value. During the additional years
since report publication, the two lowest annual minimum 7-day average flows since 1982
occurred during 1999 and 2002 (Figure 2).
• In addition to the flow releases from Jordan Lake, there is a target discharge of 600 cfs that is
required at the USGS stream gauge in the Cape Fear River at Lillington (station ID 02102500,
drainage area 3,464 sqmi). During the recent drought periods, the target discharge has been
adjusted downward to help in the drought management of Jordan Lake. Thus, use of the low -
flow characteristics at this location needs to include an awareness of the upstream flow
conditions that have occurred during the analysis period.
To use the lowest value of 585 cfs is recommended (Curtis Weaver, USGS, personal
communication).
Lamy (:ape Fear Water and Sewer Authority
Bladcn Bluffs Regional Surface Wnicr System Excerpts from the Environmental Assessment -llI?NR Project # 1388; D\C'Q
Prepared by Hobbs, Upchurch & Associates, P.A.
F+J
10

USGS Sta. 02105500. Cape Fear River at W.O. Huske Lock near Tarheel
Lowest annual 7-day average flows. 1938-80. 1982-2004 climatic years
(Discharge records since October 1937)
2000
150 CI
1000
0
Note: C limatic year is the 12-month period from April 1 through March 31
and is designated by the year in which the period begins. The climatic year
Is the standard period us ed in lovoflow analysesfor gaging stations.
• 7-day. 10-year lovaflow discharge (post -Jordan)
Lowetannual 7. day average discharge (post•Jordain)
Lowest annual average 7-day discharge (pre -Jordan)
+— 7-day. 10-year low -flow discharge(preJordan)
l r
i
1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
Climatic year
Figure 2. USGS Station 0210550: Cape Fear at W.O. Huske Lock near Tar Heel
Mr. Curtis Weaver (USGS) provided calculations and graphical plots for the 7-day average low flow in
the Cape Fear River at LD3. Figure 2 shows the pre- and post Jordan Lake periods. An average low
flow of 400 cfs for the period between 1945 and 1980 is apparent. For the period 1990-2004, the
average low flow ranged between 600-800 cfs. As shown, the plot graphs the lowest annual average 7-
day flow for both before and after the operation of Jordan Lake. From these low averages and with the
more influential extreme lows, the 7Q10 flows were calculated and plotted as a series of linked black
points on the pre Jordan plot with blue points showing the post -Jordan operation. At least 10 years of
data is required to derive the 7Q10 values; therefore the first 9 years in both instances show no 7Q10
value. With adequate stream gauge data, the DFLOW program from the United States Environmental
Protection Agency (US EPA) can be used to examine those values and derive the 7Q10 flow.
This information also was provided to the USACOE in spring 2006 in response to a request from their
group studying the potential impacts associated with possible removal of the lock and dam structures'.
In response to the NCDWR memorandum dated April 24, 2006 related to the removal of the locks and dam from the
Cape Fear River.
Lrr\t-cr Gape Pear \C'atcr And « rr \u[hr'My
B1:1110n Hill ITS cirional SurGlcc \\'atkr System I?scents (rani the I{mirunmcntal \sscssI1 nL -1)1•NR Prnjcct # I3SR; l)\1'O # !382U
Prepared by Hobbs, Upchurch & Associates, P.A-
11

rag
APPLICATION TO REQUEST
RECLASSIFICATION OF NC SURFACE WATER
1. Date of Request: November, 2006
2. Requested by:
Lower Cape Fear Water and Sewer Authority
1107 New Pointe Blvd, Suite 17
Leland, North Carolina, 28451
phone: [phone]
fax: [phone]
3. River Basin: Cape Fear Counties: Bladen, Cumberland
4. List Waterbody requested for reclassification:
Waterbody Name Waterbody Index Current Class Request Class
CAPE FEAR NC18-(26) "C" "WS-IV"
5. Attachments:
Is a USGS 7.5 minute topographic map outlining the subject waters/land area
attached? YES_
Is this a request for a more protective water supply reclassification?_YES_
If so, is a resolution from all local governments with land use jurisdiction within
the boundaries of a proposed water supply watershed attached? YES
Resolution from the following entities are attached:
• Bladen County
■ Cumberland County
6. Reason for request. (see enclosed report: Justification of a 30-MGD Water Intake
in the Cape Fear Rver at Tar Heel, Bladen County, NC)
It is the intention of the Lower Cape Fear Water and Sewer Authority (LCFWASA)
of Leland, NC to initiate the construction of the Bladen Bluffs Water System
(BBWS). As a prerequisite to formal design, LCFWSA is applying for the
reclassification of 10 river miles of the Cape Fear river from Class code C to Class
code WS-IV along that length of river starting at the coordinates 34°46'17 N by
78°47'52 W at Tar Heel upstream to the mouth of an unnamed creek at the
coordinates 34°54'22 N by 78°48'55W.
LCFWASA intends to install a raw water intake in the river designed for a capacity of
30 MGD. The water intake is approximately 2.6 miles North of the town of Tar Heel.
Prepared by Hobbs, Upchurch & Associates, P.A.
M. S.Snchcz-King, Ph.D., P.E. / B. King
T: 910 270 5520
[e-mail]

In addition to the intake structure in the river, a 20 million gallon holding pond and a
4 MGD treatment facility are to be constructed on the Smithfield Packing property at
the bluffs above the river.
BBWS is intended to serve the entire region through supplying raw water to Bladen,
Columbus, Pender, Robeson, and Sampson counties that currently draw water from
receding aquifers or aquifers that are in danger of chloride intrusion. With the
conversion from groundwater sources to surface sources by municipalities and
industries the stressed aquifers may recharge to original levels and quality, however
groundwater will continue to be a source for small consumers in locations where
surface regional water is not feasible to distribute.
The initial flow to be withdrawn from the river is 4 MGD to Smithfield Packing, used
for all requirements of pork processing from cleaning of carcasses through finished
product and employee consumption. However the installed intake structure, pumps,
and piping will be designed and built for the 30 MGD flow that will become available
through later appropriate permitting processes as the necessary infrastructure for
distribution becomes available. From a watershed perspective, the current proposed
consumers as well as future users would return their treated water back to the Cape
Fear.
The ultimate goal of the project is multifaceted but two primary goals are most
obvious and crucial:
1) Consumers of water in this region of the state cannot withdrawal any more
groundwater than they are at this moment. Historical levels in test wells show
localized cones of depression in the main pumping centers (i.e. Smithfield
Packing site, Elizabethtown) indicating that movement of water underground
will be flowing in from all directions with the possibility of salt water
intrusion, unless the current pumping levels cease. Once withdrawal from the
aquifer slows or stops, groundwater levels very likely will rebound over time
and become a reliable source for small consumers in remote areas. To
illustrate, provided that that groundwater levels remain stable and no
additional pumping centers are activated, the static level of the Upper Cape
Fear Aquifer would rebound at a rate of 0.10 inches/year. If, however,
pumping were to cease entirely, the static level would rise much faster.
2) The availability of a reliable and cost-effective source of water will enhance
economic development in southeastern North Carolina.
Prepared by Hobbs, Upchurch & Associates, P.A.
M. Sanchez -King, Ph.D., P.E. / B. King
T: 910 270 5520
[e-mail] hobbsupchurch.com

1
Bladen Bluffs Regional Surface Water System
Request for Reclassification
Waterbodies to be Reclassified
WaterBody
Stream
Current
Class
Request
Class
County
Description
Cape Fear River
18-(26)
C
WS-IV
Bladen/
Cumberland
From:
34° 54' 27" N; 78 48' 47" W
To:
34° 46' 17" N; 78 47' 52" W
on the main stem of the Cape
Fear River
Gray's Creek
18-35-(2)
C
WS-IV
Cumberland
Segment from
Lacy Blossom road
to the Cape Fear River
Hair's Mill Creek
18-36
C
WS-IV
Cumberland
From Source
to the Cape Fear River
Willis Creek
18-37
C
WS-IV
Cumberland
From Source
to the Cape Fear River
Swans Creeks
18-37-1
C
WS-IV
Cumberland
From Source
to Willis Creek
Long's Branch
18-37-1-1
C
WS-IV
Cumberland
From Source
to Swan's Creek
Kirk's Mill Creek
18-37-2
C
WS-IV
Cumberland
From Source
to Willis Creek
Unnamed
Tributary
18-37-3-(1)
B
WS-IV
Cumberland
From Source
to dam at McGougans Lake
Unnamed
Tributary
18-37-3-(2)
B
WS-IV
Cumberland
From Dam at McGougans
Lake to Willis Creek
Georgia Branch
18-38
C
WS-IV
Bladen
From Source
to Cape Fear River
Mine's Creek
18-38-1-(1)
B
WS-IV
Bladen
From Source
to dam at Pages Lake
Mine's Creek
18-38-1-(2)
C
WS-IV
Bladen
From dam at Pages Lake
to Georgia Branch

0344510 00" N
MA. Ceti fi Are k
r• 1. NIA,
U,14- U.00,
r j
177'''''-- • ''' %.-4
i .# _g
t , t
,
v .,_1_,,......_.-. ....:1 , '
1 1 - ' r
-]

Division of Water Quality
January 23, 2008
MEMORANDUM
To: Elizabeth Kountis
From: Harold Quidley
Laura Spell 114
Through: Jimmie Overto
Subject: Cape Fear River Reclassification Study 2007
(subbasins 03-06-15 and 03-06-16)
Findings: 1. Based on fecal coliform sampling (5 events in 30 days), one-time chemical sampling and
review of historical DWQ Ambient Monitoring data, the Cape Fear River in the designated study
area will meet Water Supply IV standards during normal seasonal flow conditions.
2. A single parameter (Bromodichloromethane) was found at levels slightly above the DWQ
water quality standard of 0.55 µg/L in 3 volatile organic (VOA) samples collected in the lower
study reach.
3. It should be noted that the reduction of dilution of the Cape Fear River, in association with the
ongoing drought might have attributed to the slightly increased Bromodichloromethane levels
detected during the study.
Background:
At your request, the Intensive Survey Unit (DWQ) conducted a reclassification study in an approximate 10-mile
reach of the Cape Fear River in Bladen and Cumberland Counties. The Lower Cape Fear River Water and
Sewer Authority (LCFWASA) has requested that the section be reclassified from C to Water Supply -IV [WS-IV
CA and WS-IV (PA)]. The request states that the reclassification is needed in order to install a raw water
(supply) intake. If approved, the raw water intake would supply a 4 MGD surface water treatment plant
(SWTP). The initial water to be withdrawn would be used by Smithfield Packing for all requirements of pork
processing and employee use. The study area includes a 9.97 mile river segment from (Lat34.960111 Long-
78.815278) downstream to (Lat 34.771389 Long -78.797778) near Tar Heel. The proposed intake is located
approximately 1 mile upstream from SR1316 (Myers St. Tar heel).
Drought and hydrology information:
The Cape Fear River reclassification study request was received by the ISU during March 2007, however due to
the extreme drought persisting throughout the summer and fall, field sampling was repeatedly postponed to
assure that study results would reflect water quality in the Cape Fear River during normal seasonal conditions.
During October 2007 it was decided to proceed with a preliminary study even though extreme drought and
unusually low water levels continued to affect the region. On 12/04/07 ISU staff completed the 5-week study
that included physical profiles and chemical sampling at 7 sites in the requested reclassification reach of the
Cape Fear River, (Station Locations Table 1 and Map Figure 1). Resulting data from the study will also be used
as part of the ongoing drought monitoring effort being conducted by DWQ during 2007-2008. A review of 25-
years ofUSGS data for William O'Huske Lock and Dam #3 indicates that the mean of monthly discharges for
Environmental Sciences Branch Water Quality Section

Figure 1
PM
Cape Fear River Reclassification Study Sites - 2007
Tar Heel Landing at SR 1316
Ambient Station: B8305000
0 1
.sees

PIMP
Chlorinated Pesticides
Pesticide samples were collected at each site with analysis resulting in all 51 target compounds reported as "non
detect" (Table 6). All 7 sites, had additional unidentified peaks ranging in numbers from 1 to 9. Unidentified
peaks are usually found in pesticide scans and are not considered significant.
Acid Herbicides
Herbicide sample analysis for each site resulted in all 15 target compounds reported as "non detect" with the
number of unidentified peaks ranging from 5 to <10 (Table 6). Unidentified peaks are usually found in
herbicide scans and are not considered significant.
Semivolatile Organics (BNA's)
Semivolatile Organics samples were collected at each site with analysis resulting in all 66 target compounds
reported as "non detect" with 0 unidentified peaks (Table 6).
Volatile Organics (VOA's)
Volatile organic samples were collected at each site and were analyzed for 60 targeted compounds (Table 6);
Chloroform was detected in all samples and ranged from 0.1 µg/L to 0.91 µg/L with the lowest value detected at
CPF7, the most downstream site. Chloroform is commonly used as a solvent, a reagent and may also be used in
the production of dyes and pesticides. Chloroform values reported for the Cape Fear River reclassification are
raw below the DWQ water quality standard of 5.6 µg/L.
Bromodichloromethane was detected in VOA samples from all of the Cape Fear River sites with the exception
of CPF4. Reported values for bromodichloromethane were 0.46 µg/L (CPF 1), 0.33 µg/L (CPF2), 0.34 µg/L
mit (CPF3), 0.60 µg/L (CPF5), 0.58 µg/L (CPF6) and 0.61 µg/L (CPF7). Sample results from 3 of the sites listed
above were slightly higher than the DWQ water quality standard of 0.55 µg/L. Most bromodichloromethane is
formed as byproduct when chlorine is added to water -supply systems to kill bacteria.
VOA analysis detected 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene in samples from Sites CPF6 and CPF7. Trimethylbenzene is
primarily used as a gasoline additive. Trimethylbenzene was detected at 0.37 µg/L at site CPF6 and 0.39 µg/L
at site CPF7, both values well below the DWQ water quality standard of 850 µg/L.
Toluene was detected in very low levels in VOA samples collected at CPF6 (0.12 µg/L) and CPF7 (0.14 µg/L).
Both sample results were qualified as (N3) = Estimated concentration is <PQL and >MDL. Also detected at
very low levels at CPF6 and CPF7 was m,p-Xylene (0.41 and 0.42 respectively). Both sample results were
qualified as (N3) = Estimated concentration is <PQL and >MDL.
fa PI
Nutrients
Nutrient levels for NH3, TKN, NO2 + NO3, Nitrate and P total were collected at each of the seven sites (Table
5). NH3 values ranged from 0.03 mg/L to 0.05 mg/L and may be considered lower than typically measured in
this reach of the Cape Fear River. This is evident when comparing these values to DWQ Ambient Monitoring
System Station Summaries for station B8305000 (Cape Fear River at SR1316 at Tar Heel) Table 4. This range
of NH3 values fall between the 10'h and 25`h percentile of total observations at the Tar Heel ambient site. This
was likely the result of the drought conditions occurring during the study that provided residence time necessary
for nitrification to take place. This can also be seen in moderately low TKN values (ranging from 1.2 mg/L to
1.5 mg/L) and relatively higher than expected NO2 + NO3 values (ranging from 1.2 mg/L to 1.5 mg/L). Values
for TKN fall between the 10`h and 50`h percentile while NO2 +NO3 values fall in the 90th percentile indicating
little localized drainage entering the system resulting from low flow conditions. Total phosphorus values ranged
from 0.17 mg/L to 0.23 mg/L and were found at levels normally detected in the area. Nitrate values ranged from
1.2 mg/L to 1.5 mg/L, below the 10.0 mg/L water quality standard for Class WS-IV waters.
Environmental Sciences Branch Water Quality Section

OR
Table 2. William O'Huske Lock and Dam #3 USGS Site 02105500
Mean Daily Discharge, Gage Height and Precipitation
Date Mean Discharge Mean Gage Height Precipitation
mm/dd/yy cfs ft (stage) in. daily total
11/06/07 669 1.08 0.00
11/07/07 578 0.99 0.00
,o 11/08/07 533 0.94 0.00
11/09/07 506 0.91 0.00
11/10/07 520 0.93 0.00
Poi 11 /11 /07 528 0.93 0.00
11/12/07 518 0.92 0.00
11/13/07 503 0.91 0.00
• 11/14/07 506 0.91 0.00
11/15/07 517 0.92 0.17
11/16/07 528 0.93 0.00
11/17/07 542 0.95 0.00
11/18/07 546 0.95 0.00
11/19/07 552 0.96 0.00
rim
11/20/07 542 0.95 0.00
11 /21 /07 540 0.95 0.00
11/22/07 546 0.95 0.02
11/23/07 560 0.97 0.00
11/24/07 539 0.95 0.00
11/25/07 519 0.92 0.01
11/26/07 558 0.97 0.01
11/27/07 623 1.03 0.01
11/28/07 651 1.07 0.00
11/29/07 1.05 0.00
11/30/07 630 1.04 0.00
12/01/07 615 1.03 0.00
12/02/07 601 1.01 0.00
12/03/07 603 1.01 0.01
12/04/07 558 1.00 0.00
MI
no discharge data available for this day

PM
mio Cape Fear River Physical Data (surface, mid, bottom) and Collform (surface only, 5 samples in 30 days)
Fog
PEI
. Table 3 (continued)
Station
Date Depth Time Temp DO pH Cond Fecal Coiiform Geometric Mean
mm/ddmyy s/m/b hrs (DC) (mg/L) (su) umhos/cm #/100 mi Fecal #/100 for Site
Cape Fear River 11/06/07 surface 1000 15.1 7.43 6.9 108 43 (B1)
Site: CPF4 11/06/07 mid 1000 15.0 7.45 6.8 108
11/06/07 bottom 1000 15.0 7.58 6.8 108
11/14/07 surface 1005 12.5 8.51 6.9 135 20
11/14/07 mid 1005 11.9 8.14 6.8 138
11/14/07 bottom 1005 11.9 8.17 6.6 137
11/19/07 surface 0955 12.0 8.79 8.1 160 61
11/19/07 mid 0955 11.8 8.40 7.9 159
11/19/07 bottom 0955 11.8 8.40 7.7 159
11/28/07 surface 1020 12.1 8.06 7.3 167 10
11/28/07 mid 1020 12.0 8.04 7.2 167
11/28/07 bottom 1020 12.1 7.90 7.1 167
12/04/07 surface 1000 11.0 8.49 7.8 171
12/04/07 mid 1000 11.0 8.50 7.9 171
12/04/07 bottom 1000 11.0 8.61 7.8 171
12
22.89
Cape Fear River 11/07/07 surface 1050 14.3 8.60 6.3 118 11
MA Site: CPF5 11/07/07 mid 1050 14.3 8.64 6.3 117
11/07/07 bottom 1050 14.3 8.69 6.0 118
MR
11/20/07 surface 1055 12.1 9.43 7.1 174 7
11/20/07 mid 1055 12.1 9.42 7.0 175
11/20/07 bottom 1055 12.1 9.40 6.9 175
11/26/07 surface 1010 11.9 9.72 7.6 178 5
11/26/07 mid 1010 11.8 9.68 7.6 180
11/26/07 bottom 1010 11.8 9.82 7.6 180
11/29/07 surface 1015 11.9 9.65 7.8 172 9
11/29/07 mid 1015 11.9 9.65 7.6 172
11/29/07 bottom 1015 11.9 9.70 7.6 172
11/30/07 surface 0915 11.6 9.81 7.1 173 2
11/30/07 mid 0915 11.6 9.82 7.1 173
11/30/07 bottom 0915 11.6 9.89 6.9 173
12/03/07 surface 1000 11.4 9.57 7.7 176
12/03/07 mid 1000 11.3 9.56 7.6 176
12/03/07 bottom 1000 11.3 9.55 4.4 175
Cape Fear River 11/07/07 surface 1035 14.4 8.80 6.3 122
Site: CPF6 11/07/07 mid 1035 14.4 8.73 6.4 122
11/07/07 bottom 1035 14.4 8.70 6.1 122
.
18
11/20/07 surface 1030 12.4 9.51 7.1 172 4
11/20/07 mid 1030 12.4 9.39 6.9 172
11/20/07 bottom 1030 12.4 9.50 6.9 172
11/26/07 surface 1030 11.9 9.64 7.5 180 9
11/26/07 mid 1030 11.9 9.65 7.4 180
11/26/07 bottom 1030 11.9 9.65 7.3 180
11/29/07 surface 1035 12.1 9.52 7.6 173 8
11/29/07 mid 1035 12.0 9.51 7.3 173
11/29/07 bottom 1035 12.0 9.61 7.3 173
11/30/07 surface 0936 11.7 9.80 7.3 173 7
11/30/07 mid 0936 11.7 9.83 7.2 173
11/30/07 bottom 0936 11.7 9.84 7.1 173
12/03/07 surface 1030 11.4 9.57 7.6 174
12/03/07 mid 1030 11.3 9.56 7.4 175
12/03/07 bottom 1030 11.3 9.56 7.3 175
5.86
8.16

rag
Pio
Time period: 01 / 15/2002 to 12/06/2006
Ambient Monitoring System Station Summaries
Table 4 NCDENR, Division of Water Quality
Basinwide Assessment Report
• Location: CAPE FEAR RIV AT SR 1316 AT TAR HEEL
Station #: B8305000 Subbasin: CPF16
Latitude: 34.74477 Longitude: -78.78563 Stream class: C
Agency: NCAMBNT NC stream index: 18-(26)
# # Results not meeting EL Percentiles
rur result ND EL # % %Conf Min lOth 25th 50th 75th 90th Max
Field
D.O. (mg/L) 49 0 <4 1 2 3 5.1 5.9 7.7 10 10.9 14.9
rEn 49 0 <5 4 8.2 3 5.1 5.9 7.7 10 10.9 14.9
pH (SU) 48 0 <6 2 4.2 5.4 6.2 6.3 6.7 6.9 7.1 7.3
48 0 >9 0 0 5.4 6.2 6.3 6.7 6.9 7.1 7.3
Spec. conductance 49 0 N/A 53 79 98 118 150 181 289
(umhos/cm at 25°C)
Pw Water Temperature (°C) 49 0 >32 0 0 5.9 7.9 11.2 18.1 24.7 27.7 29.6
Other
TSS (mg/L) 16 0 N/A 7 7.7 9 14 20.8 27.6 29
rani Turbidity (NTU) 48 0 >50 3 6.2 1.9 8.1 9.9 16 22.8 36.9 90
Metals (ug/L)
Aluminum. total (Al) 17 0 N/A 230 318 360 570 660 2080 2400
Arsenic. total (As) 17 17 >10 0 0 5 5 5 5 10 ID 10
MI Cadmium, total (Cd) 17 17 >2 0 0 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Chromium. total (Cr) 17 17 >50 0 0 25 25 25 25 25 25 25
Copper, total (Cu) 17 2 >7 2 11.8 76.2 2 2 2 3 4 8 9
Iron, total (Fe) 17 0 >1000 5 29.4 99.5 370 482 670 840 1100 2400 2400
tom Lead. total (Pb) 17 17 >25 0 0 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
Mercury, total (Hg) 17 17 >0.012 0 0 0.2 02 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
Nickel, total (Ni) 17 17 >88 0 0 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
Zinc, total (Zn) 17 11 >50 0 0 10 10 10 10 13 17 20
rai Fecal coliform (#/100mL)
# results: Geomean
45 82
PEI
Pig
11.1
amp
# > 400: % > 400: %Conf:
8 18
Nat
# result: number of observations
# ND: number of observations reported to be below detection level (non -detect)
EL: Evaluation Level; applicable numeric or narrative water quality standard or action level
Results not meeting EL: number and percentages of observations not meeting evaluation level
%Conf : States the percent statistical confidence that the actual percentage of exceedances is at least 10% (20% for Fecal Coliform)
Stations with less than 10 results for a given parameter were not evaluated for statistical confidence

Table 5
Cape Fear River Water Samples - Nutrients, Metals, MBAS, Sulfate, Hardness, Fluoride and Chloride
Station Date Time NH3 TKN NOX Nitrate P Total Ni Ca Mg MBAS Sulfate Hardness Fluoride Chloride
mm/dd/yy hrs. mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L ug/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L
Cape Fear River 12/04/07 1135 0.04 0.50 (J2) 1.5 1.5 0.23 10 (U) 6.3 2.8 0.1 (U) 19 27.61 0.4 (U) 20
Site: CPF1
Cape Fear River 12/04/07 1100 0.03 0.42 (J2) 1.2 1.2 0.19 10 (U) 6.5 2.8 0.1 18 27.77 0.4 (U) 19
Site: CPF2
Cape Fear River 12/04/07 1035 0.03 0.47 (J2) 1.3 1.3 0.20 10 (U) 6.3 2.7 0.1 18 26.85 0.4 (U) 20
Site: CPF3
Cape Fear River 12/04/07 1000 0.04 0.53 1.2 1.2 0.20 10 (U) 6.3 2.8 0.1 18 26.61 0.4 (U) 20
Site: CPF4
Cape Fear River 12/03/07 1000 0.06 0.49 1.3 1.3 0.19 10 (U) 6.2 2.8 0.1 (U) 20 27.01 0.4 19
Site: CPF5
Cape Fear River 12/03/07 1030 0.05 0.36 1.3 1.3 0.17 10 (U) 6.1 2.7 0.1 (U) 20 26.35 0.4 19
Site: CPF6
Cape Fear River 12/03/07 1105 0.05 0.42 1.3 1.3 0.17 10 (U) 6.2 2.8 0.1 (U) 20 27.01 0.4 19
Site: CPF7
WS-IV & C Standards 10 mg/L 25 ug/L 0.5 mg/ L 250 mg/L 100 mg/L 1.8 mg/L 250 m/L
Qualifier Codes:
(U) - Samples analyzed for this compound but not detected
(J2) - Reported value failed to meet QC criteria for either precision or accuracy; Estimated

Table 6 (continued)
Cape Fear River Water Samples
Pesticides, Herbicides and Semivolatile Organics, Volatile Organics (VOAs)
Pesticides and Organics
Cape Fear River - CPF7
12/03/07 1115
Chlorinated Pesticides
al 51 target compounds (U) not deteced
<3 unidentified peaks detected
Acid Herbicides
all 15 target compounds (U) not deteced
<10 unidentified peaks detected
Semivolatile Organics (BNAs)
all 66 target compounds (U) not deteced
0 unidentified peaks detected
Volatile Organics (VOAs)
55 target compounds (U) not detected
identified peaks:
Chloroform 1.0 ug/L
Bramodichloromethane 0.61 uglL
Toluene (N3) 0.14 uglL
m.p-Xylene (N3) 0.42 ug/L
12,4-Trimethyibenzene 0.39 uglL
sample not analyzed for this compound:
Chloroethyl vinyl ether
(U) - Samples analyzed for this compound but not detected
(Ni) - The component has been tentatively identified based on mass spectral library search and has an estimated value
(N3) - Estimated concentration is <POL and >MDL
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ALTERNATIVE ANALYSIS
NPDES PERMIT APPLICATION
DISCHARGE OF
THE DECANT AND BACKWASH OPERATIONS
BLADEN BLUFFS REGIONAL
SURFACE WATER TREATMENT PLANT
Tar Heel, N.C.
SUBMITTED TO:
N.C. Department of Natural Resources
Division of Water Quality/Eastern NPDES Program
Mr. Gil Vinzani
1617 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, North Carolina 27699 -1617
1'; 919. 807.6395 F: 919.807. 6495
SUBMITTED BY:
Lower Cape Fear Water and Sewer Authority
Executive Director: Don Betz
1107 New Pointe Blvd, Suite 17
Leland, North Carolina, 28451
►': 910.383.1919 t : 910.383.1949
Prepared By:
Morella Sanchez -King, Ph.D., P.E.
Hobbs, Upchurch & Associates, P.A.
Consulting Engineers
14878 US Hwy 17
P.O. Box 1400
Hampstead, NC 28443
T: 910-270-5520; I': 910-270-5548

TABLE OF CONTENTS
GENERAL INFORMATION 1
A. Facility Identification 1
EVALUATE DISPOSAL ALTERNATIVES 3
A. Connecting to a Sewer Collection System 3
B. Land Based Disposal 5
C. Recycle Backwash Water 8
D. Surface Water Discharge 8
E. Disposal Combinations 8
FINAL COMMENTS 9
LIST OF EXHIBITS
Exhibit A. Present Value Analysis of Alternatives
Exhibit A- 1. Backwash Water Land Based Disposal
Exhibit A- 2. Backwash Water Re -cycle
Exhibit A- 3. Surface Water Discharge of Backwash Water
Exhibit B. Smithfield Packing Company WWTP- Daily Monitoring Records for 2007 and
2008

MO
MO
Cot
Mil
MI
Mt
cal
PM
VIMP
Pig
rwif
MI
QM
CINT
MI
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. Smithfield Packing Company WWTP Average and Maximum Daily Flows.
Period: 2003-2008 3
Table 2. Town of Elizabethtown WWTP Average and Maximum Daily Flows
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1. Location of the Bladen Bluffs Regional Surface Water Treatment Plant, in
Bladen County, NC
Figure 2. Soils at the Bladen Bluffs Regional Surface Water Treatment Plant Site
4
2
7

Bladen Bluffs Regional
Surface Water Treatment Plant
Waste Stream Discharge
Engineering Alternative Analysis
A. Facility Identification
October 2008
SECTION I
GENERAL IN FORMATION
• Facility: Bladen Bluffs Regional Surface Water Treatment Plant (WTP)
■ Location: NC Highway 87 northeast of Tar Heel in Bladen County
• EAA Preparer: Hobbs, Upchurch & Associates, P.A.
■ 14878 US Hwy 17, Suite 5, P.O. Box 1400, Hampstead , NC 28443.
Phone # [phone]
The Facility requiring a discharge is a surface water treatment plant that will be
operated by the Lower Cape Fear Water and Sewer Authority ("Authority") between NC
Hwy 87 and the Cape Fear River (Figure 1). The capacity of the plant will be 4.4 up to
6.o MGD. The maximum discharge from the facility will be 0.9 MGD (15% of the
maximum flow rate of 6 MGD).
1. Environmental Assessment and FONSI: An Environmental Assessment (EA) was
prepared in accordance with the North Carolina State Environmental Policy Act (NC
SEPA), N.C. General Statute Section 113A-1. et seq., N.C. General Statute 143-215.1
(b)(2) and other applicable laws, for the purpose of evaluating the environmental
consequences of completing the Bladen Bluffs Regional Surface Water System including
the WTP described above. The Bladen Bluffs system is developed, constructed and
operated by the Authority. The EA received the Finding of No Significant Impact
(FONSI) on June 11, 2008.
2. Treatment Process for the Raw Water: Item 7 of the enclosed NPDES Permit
Application describes the treatment process for the raw water.
3. Treatment for Wastewater Generated by the Facility: Item 8 of the enclosed
NPDES Permit Application describes the treatment process for wastewater generated by
the Bladen Bluffs WTP.
The analysis of alternatives for the backwash water disposal follows. Alternatives
analyzed included: connection to an existing sewer system, land based disposal, recycle
of backwash water, surface water discharge, and disposal combinations.
Hobbs, Upchurch & Associates, P.A. Page 1
NJ

Bladen Bluffs Regional
Surface Water Treatment Plant
Waste Stream Discharge
Engineering Alternative Analysis
October 2008
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Figure i. Location of the Bladen Bluffs Regional Surface Water Treatment Plant, in
Bladen County, NC
Hobbs, Upchurch & Associates, P.A. Page 2
NJ

rr
Ine
Bladen Bluffs Regional
Surface Water Treatment Plant
Waste Stream Discharge
Engineering Alternative Analysis
October 2008
SECTION II
EVALUATE DISPOSAL ALTERNATIVES
A. Connecting to a Sewer Collection System
1. Closest Existing Sewerage System: The closest NPDES permit holder is the
Smithfield Packing Company (SPC) facility (Permit No. NC 0078344). The
discharge location of the SPC WWTP is located less than 1 mile downstream
from the future Bladen Bluffs Regional Surface Water Treatment Plant.
Although both plants are close, the permitted capacity of the SPC WWTP
makes the connection unfeasible without the expansion or modification of its
process.
The permitted capacity of the SPC WWTP is 3.0 MGD. The average flow in the
2003-2008 period has been in the range of 1.6-2.2 MGD and the maximum
flow in the range of 1.70 to 3.21 MGD. Therefore, an increased flow of 0.9
MGD from the Bladen Bluffs WTP would cause the discharge flow from
Smithfield to surpass 8o% of its average permitted capacity, even when a low
flow year is considered (i.e. the year 2006, when the flow was 1.59 MGD).
Below are tabulated the average and maximum [annual] flows from the daily
monitoring records (DMRs) of the SPC WWTP for the period 2003-2008.
Exhibit B contains the DMR from SPC for the years 2007 and 2008. Records
from 2003 to 2006 were obtained from the DENR / DWQ / NPDES Unit Fact
Sheet for NPDES Permit Development.
Table 1. Smithfield Packing Company WWTP Average and Maximum Daily Flows. Period:
2003-2008
Year
Average
Flow
(MGD)
Max Daily
Flow
(MGD)
2003
2.27
2.66
2004
1.83
2.14
2005
1.73
2.16
2006
1.59
1.70
2007
1.99
3.21
2008
1.97
3.15
Hobbs, Upchurch & Associates, P.A. Page 3
HU

*
Bladen Bluffs Regional
Surface Water Treatment Plant
Waste Stream Discharge
Engineering Alternative Analysis
October 2008
SPC is a private company that had a significant task renewing their NPDES
permit and would not consider expansion of their WWTP. SPC has stated that
their outfall cannot accommodate additional flow (this fact is substantiated
with the DMR records summarized in Table 1). A present value analysis was
not performed for this alternative since expansion of the SPC WWTP is not
feasible.
2. Publicly Owned Sewerage System: The closest publicly owned WWTP is the
Elizabethtown WWTP (Permit No. NC 006671).
Connection to the Elizabethtown WWTP is not feasible: (1) the o.9-MGD
discharge from Bladen Bluffs WTP would overcome the capacity of the
system, which is designed and permitted for 1.275 MGD and currently has an
average annual daily discharge of 0.634 MGD; (2) the distance from Bladen
Bluffs WTP site to the Elizabethtown WWTP is approximately 15 miles.
These two reasons make this connection unfeasible. A present value analysis
was not performed for this alternative.
Table 2. Town of Elizabethtown WWTP Average and Maximum Daily Flows
Permit
Number
NCoo6671
Permitted Design Average Annual
Capacity Capacity Daily Discharge
(MGD) (MGD) (MGD)
1.275
1.275 0.634
Maximum
Day
Discharge
(MGD)
1.16i
Receiving
Stream
Receiving Basin
Cape Fear River Cape Fear River
(02-3)
Hobbs, Upchurch & Associates, P.A. Page 4
NJ

Bladen Bluffs Regional
Surface Water Treatment Plant
Waste Stream Discharge
Engineering Alternative Analysis
B. Land Based Disposal
October 2008
The Bladen Bluffs WTP is being constructed on the perimeter of N.C. Hwy 87
in a —65 acre tract, property of Smithfield Packing Company. The distance
between the proposed WTP and the Cape Fear River will be approximately
2,000 ft. To protect the River's water quality, a 200-ft buffer will be observed.
Soils at the site are depicted and listed in Figure 2. The most prevalent soil
types are the Wickham fine sandy loam, 1 to 6 percent slopes (WmB), Norfolk
loamy fine sand, 0 to 2 percent slopes (NoA) and Dystrochrepts, steep (DyF).
These types of soils —an all listed in Figure 2- have limited capacity for land
application. In addition, soil types were researched in an extended area
(9,550 acres) at the west of NC Hwy 87. In this area, all types of soils, except
for the Duplin Sandy Loam DuA, which was rated as "somewhat limited",
were rated "limited" for land application. The Duplin Sandy Loam is present
in 1.5 acres of the 9,550-acre tract investigated.
Soil types in the vicinity of the WTP severely restrict the availability of water
disposal by land application. An application rate of 0.5 in/acre/week was
selected as representative for the types of soils present.
Land Required for Application
900,00o g/day x 7 days= 6,300,00o gpw
(0.5 in/ac/week _ 12 in/ft) x 43,560 ft2/ac x 7.49 g/ft3 = 13,594 gPw/ ac
6,300,000 gpw _ 13,594 = 463 ac
Hobbs, Upchurch & Associates, P.A. Page 5
NJ

Bladen Bluffs Regional
Surface Water Treatment Plant
Waste Stream Discharge
Engineering Alternative Analysis
October 2008
A backwash flow of 0.9 MGD would require 463 acres of land application
area. With a requirement for 100% reserve area for future land application,
access to the land application facility, etc., and setbacks of 150 feet. The
required acreage would be 926 acres.
Land disposal of the decant will require that the flow be transferred to a
remote site and then land applied. The additional equipment required will be
a pump station located on the outlet of the equalization lagoon, a forcemain
with a capacity of 0.9 MGD to the application area, the land application
system, and controls. The capital costs involved in this alternative will also
include purchase of the land and the preparation of the site for land
application.
A Present Value Cost Analysis (PVCA) was performed for this alternative
taking into consideration that land would be purchased on adjacent properties
not owned by Smithfield Packing Company.
Land in the area costs approximately $2,000 per acre. The cost of the land
for this option would be $1,852,000, the total construction cost are estimated
as $2,448,500. The annual O&M cost was estimated as $77,953. The PVCA
was calculated) with a discount rate of 6% and a 20-year planning period, and
resulted in a PVCA of $3,342,613 (Exhibit A-1).
1 The PVCA was calculated using the formula recommended in the Engineering Alternative Analysis
(EAA) Guidance Document published by the North Carolina Division of Water Quality/ NPDES Unit -
June 23, 2005 :
PV = Co + C [ (i+r)n-1/ r*(1+r)n]
Hobbs, Upchurch & Associates, P.A. Page 6
NJ

Bladen Bluffs Regional
Surface Water Treatment Plant
Waste Stream Discharge
Engineering Alternative Analysis
October 2008
Map Unit
Symbol
Map Unit Name
Acres
in AOI
Percent of
AOI
WmB
Wickham fine sandy loam, 1 to 6 percent slopes
71.6
25.4o %
NoA
Norfolk loamy fine sand, o to 2 percent slopes
42.1
14.90%
DyF
Dystrochrepts, steep
40.9
14.50%
Ch
Chewacla and Chastain soils, frequently flooded
27.2
9.60%
Cn
Congaree silt loam, frequently flooded
19.2
6.80%
We
Wahee loam
19.1
6.80%
AaA
Altavista fine sandy loam, o to 3 percent slopes
16.9
6.00%
Ra
Rains fine sandy loam
12.3
4.30%
NoB
Norfolk loamy fine sand, 2 to 6 percent slopes
12.2
4.30%
GbA
Goldsboro sandy loam, o to 3 percent slopes
11.4
4.00%
Ro
Roanoke loam
7.5
2.7o%
Ca
Cape Fear loam
1.1
0.40%
Wo
Woodington loamy sand
1
0.30%
Totals for Area of Interest (AOI)
282.4
ioo.00%
Figure 2. Soils at the Bladen Bluffs Regional Surface Water Treatment Plant Site
Hobbs, Upchurch & Associates, P.A. Page 7
NJ

Bladen Bluffs Regional
Surface Water Treatment Plant
Waste Stream Discharge
Engineering Alternative Analysis
C. Recycle Backwash Water
October 2008
Recycle was considered as an option. The backwash water from the facility might be
returned to the front-end (flash mix) of the water treatment plant. This practice is not
promoted by the Water Supply Section of DENR since once contaminants are removed;
it is preferred to avoid their re -introduction into the water treatment cycle.
A Present Value Analysis was performed and is included in Exhibit A- 2. The capital
cost for this alternative was estimated as $197,500; the O&M cost was estimated as
$50,050. The PVCA was calculated with a discount rate of 6% and a 20-year planning
period, and resulted in a PVCA of $771,570.
D. Surface Water Discharge
The backwash flow from the residual basins is proposed to be discharge into a ditch -
downstream of the intake- and ultimately to the Cape Fear River. Downstream of the
raw water intake, the surface water classification of the river is "C" with a 7Q10 flow of
585 cfs. Excerpts from the Environmental Assessment included in Appendix A
summarize information regarding the stream flow at the site (See Appendix A, pages 10
and 11). The backwash water from the water treatment plant will be metered prior to
discharge. The meter shall consist of a parshall flume including an automatic sampler to
ensure that the backwash water complies with the NPDES effluent limits.
A Present Value Analysis for this option was performed and is included in Exhibit A- 3.
The capital cost for this alternative was estimated as $42,500; the O&M cost was
estimated as $14,146. The PVCA was calculated with a discount rate of 6% and a 20-
year planning period, and resulted in a PVCA of $204,754.
E. Disposal Combinations
A combination of disposal options is not feasible due to the cost of equipment (and land)
required to make each option operational. In either case, the equipment (and land)
must be properly sized for the system and must be maintained for operation at all times,
including maintenance of the land application area.
Hobbs, Upchurch & Associates, P.A. Page 8
NJ

Bladen Bluffs Regional
Surface Water Treatment Plant
Waste Stream Discharge
Engineering Alternative Analysis
October 2008
SECTION Ill
FINAL COMMENTS
There are three options available for disposing the backwash water generated by the
Bladen Bluffs Regional Surface Water Treatment Plant:
• Land Based Disposal
• Recycle of Backwash Water
• Surface Water Discharge
The option of land based discharge is severely limited by soils adjacent to and in the
vicinity of the WTP property. The limitations of the soil and the cost of equipment for
the land application, coupled with the required maintenance of the system make it
unfeasible.
The two options being considered at this time include recycle of the waste stream and
surface water discharge. DENR Plan Review Branch requires that any recycle be limited
to io%, but recycle in any amount is discouraged. For this reason, the surface water
discharge is requested.
The option of surface water discharge will not present an environmental concern to the
waters of the Cape Fear River. The discharge will eliminate the potential for increasing
the organics load to the WTP.
Hobbs, Upchurch & Associates, P.A. Page 9
NJ

1.114,
MEI
BLADEN BLUFFS REGIONAL SURFACE WATER TREATMENT PLANT
ENGINEERING ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS
PRESENT VALUE LAND BASED DISPOSAL (0.9 MGD FLOW)
EVALUATION PERIOD
DISCOUNT RATE
CAPITAL COST
ANNUAL O&M COSTS
PRESENT VALUE LAND BASED DISPOSAL=
CAPITAL COSTS
1. LAND
2. TRANSFER PUMP STATION
3. FORCE MAIN
20 Years
6.o%
$2,448,500
$77,953
$3,342,613
926 AC @ $200o PER ACRE $1,852,000
PUMP STATION AT WTP $235,000
EST. DISTANCE: 500o LF @ $2o/LF $loo,000
4. LAND PREPARATION AND IRRIGATION SYSTEM
463 ACRES @ $5oo/AC $231,500
5. CONTROLS
SOLENOIDS, RTU, RADIOS, ETC. $30,000
6. TOTAL
$2,448,500

EXIPI
BLADEN BLUFFS REGIONAL SURFACE WATER TREATMENT PLANT
ENGINEERING ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE COSTS
LAND BASED DISPOSAL (o.9-MGD FLOW)
Pot
i.Energy
a. Transfer Pump Station 125 kw
b. Total Demand Load 125 kw
c. Cost per kw 5 / kw
d. Total Cost of Energy $ 15, 056.2
5
2. Chemicals Annual Cost
a. Acid $0.00
b. PAC $o.00
c. Alum $o.00
d. Caustic $o.00
e. Fluoride $o.00
rig f. Polymer $o.00
g. Chlorine $o.00
h. Corrosion Inhibitor $o.00
i. Ammonia $0.00
j. Annual chemical cost $o.00
IMO
3. Personnel (Salaries plus Benefits)
a. Operators
,., Chief Plant Operator 0 $o.00
Class IV 0 $o.00
Class II 0 $0.00
Class I 0 $o.00
b. Mechanic 0.5 $22,000.00
c. Lab Tech 0 $o.00
d. Total Labor Cost
4. Contract Services
a. Professional Services
b. Maintenance contracts
pp!c. Equipment rental
d. Total Contract Services
0.1 5. Repair Parts and Lubricants
a. Water Treatment Plant
b. Total Vehicles
$4,000.00
$2,000.00
$1,500.00
$3,500.00
$22,000.00
$7,500.00
$3,500.00

BLADEN BLUFFS REGIONAL SURFACE WATER TREATMENT PLANT
,.; ENGINEERING ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE COSTS
LAND BASED DISPOSAL (o.9-MGD FLOW) - (CONT'D)
MR
6. Vehicles
PM a. Water Treatment Plant $2,000.00
b. Total Vehicles $2,000.00
PEI
MR
rag
7. Annual Permit Renewal Fee
a. Permit Renewal Fee $810.00
b. Total Renewal Fee $810.00
8. Laboratory Cost
a. Laboratory supplies
b. Sub -contracted testing
c. Total Laboratory Cost
$1,000.00
$ 1,000.00
$2,000.00
9. Maintenance of Spray Field
a. Maintenance of Spray Field $18,000.00
RR b. Total Cost $18,000.00
10. Subtotal $70,866.25
11. Contingency (estimated to%) $7,086.63
mg 12. Total O&M Costs $77,952.88

POI
MI
BLADEN BLUFFS REGIONAL SURFACE WATER TREATMENT PLANT
ENGINEERING ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS
LAND BASED DISPOSAL (o.9-MGD FLOW)
PRESENT VALUE OF COSTS
PV= A + B
A= Capital Costs
B= Recurring Costs * {[(i+r)^n-1]/[r(i+r)^n]}
Capital Costs (A)
Initial 0 & M Costs=
$2,448,500
$77,953
Year Year No. A B PV
2008 0 $2,448,500 $o $2,448,500
my 2009 1 $2,448,500 $77,953 $2,526,453
2010 2 $2,448,500 $142,918 $2,591,418
2011 3 $2,448,500 $208,369 $2,656,869
2012 4 $2,448,50o $270,115 $2,718,615
�` 2013 5 $2,448,500 $328,366 $2,776,866
2014 6 $2,448,500 $383,320 $2,831,820
2015 7 $2,448,500 $435,163 $2,883,663
MA
2016 8 $2,448,500 $484,071 $2,932,571
2017 9 $2,448,500 $530,211 $2,978,711
2018 io $2,448,500 $573,740 $3,022,240
2019 11 $2,448,500 $614,805 $3,063,305
fon 2020 12 $2,448,500 $653,545 $3,102,045
2021 13 $2,448,500 $690,092 $3,138,592
2022 14 $2,448,500 $724,571 $3,173,071
2023 15 $2,448,500 $757,098 $3,205,598
r"' 2024 16 $2,448,500 $787,784 $3,236,284
2025 17 $2,448,500 $816,733 $3,265,233
2026 18 $2,448,500 $844,043 $3,292,543
foci
2027 19 $2,448,500 $869,807 $3,318,307
2028 20 $2,448,500 $894,113 $3,342,613

BLADEN BLUFFS REGIONAL SURFACE WATER TREATMENT PLANT
— ENGINEERING ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS
PRESENT VALUE RECYCLE of o.9 MGD BACKWASH WATER
— EVALUATION PERIOD 20 Years
DISCOUNT RATE 6.o%
PRESENT VALUE (CAPITAL COST) $197,5oo
ANNUAL O&M COSTS $50,050
PRESENT VALUE RECYCLE= $771,570
PRESENT VALUE CAPITAL COSTS
—
1. RECYCLE PUMP STATION $175,000
2. RECYCLE MAIN AND INSTALLATION (50o ft- lo" PVC pipe) $22,500
3. TOTAL $197,500

Pmq
MIR
BLADEN BLUFFS REGIONAL SURFACE WATER TREATMENT PLANT
wt ENGINEERING ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE COSTS
RECYCLE of o.9 MGD BACKWASH WATER
Ilmel
PE
i.Energy
2. Chemicals
a. Transfer Pump Station 50 kw
b. Total Demand Load 5o kw
c. Cost per kwh .0 55 / kwh
d. Total Cost of Energy
a. Acid
b. PAC
c. Alum
d. Caustic
e. Fluoride
f. Polymer
g. Chlorine
h. Corrosion Inhibitor
i. Ammonia
j. Annual chemical cost
3. Personnel (Salaries plus Benefits)
a. Operators
Chief Plant Operator
Class IV
Class II
Class I
b. Mechanic
c. Lab Tech
d. Total Labor Cost
4. Contract Services
a. Professional Services
b. Maintenance contracts
c. Equipment rental
d. Total Contract Services $5,500.00
Annual Cost
$o.00
$0.00
$o.00
$o.00
$o.00
$o.00
$o.00
$o.00
$o.00
o $0.00
o $o.00
o $o.00
o $o.00
0.5 $24,000.00
o $o.00
8030
$o.00
$24,000.00
$2,000.00
$2,000.00
$1,500.00
5. Repair Parts and Lubricants
a. Water Treatment Plant $5,000.00
b. Total Vehicles $5,000.00
6. Vehicles
a. Water Treatment Plant
b. Total Vehicles
$o.00
$o.00

BLADEN BLUFFS REGIONAL SURFACE WATER TREATMENT PLANT
ENGINEERING ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS
rim
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE COSTS
RECYCLE of o.9 MGD BACKWASH WATER FLOW (CONT'D)
im
7. Office Supplies and Telephone
a. Permit Renewal Fee
b. Total Renewal Fee
c. Uniforms
d. Telephone
pm
e. Postage
f. Dues, subscriptions, travel, etc.
g. Total Office Supplies and Telephone $o.00
8. Laboratory Cost
a. Laboratory supplies $6,000.00
"'" b. Sub -contracted testing $5,000.00
c. Total Laboratory Cost $ii,000.00
1.9
io. Subtotal $45,500.00
pm ii. Contingency $4,550.00
12. Total O&M Costs $50,050.00
Poi
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MI
WI
110/
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rir
BLADEN BLUFFS REGIONAL SURFACE WATER TREATMENT PLANT
ENGINEERING ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS
RECYCLE of 0.9 MGD BACKWASH WATER
PRESENT VALUE OF COSTS
PV= A + B
FIR
A= Capital Costs
B= Recurring Costs * {[(i+r)^n-1]/[r(i+r)^n]}
Capital Costs (A) $197,500
Initial 0 & M Costs= $50,050
rm Year Year No. A B PV
2008 0 $197,500 $o $197,500
2009 1 $197,500 $50,050 $247,550
2010 2 $197,500 $91,761 $289,261
fm
2011 3 $197,500 $133,784 $331,284
2012 4 $197,500 $173,429 $370,929
2013 5 $197,500 $210,829 $408,329
cm2014 6 $197,500 $246,112 $443,612
2015 7 $197,500 $279,398 $476,898
2016 8 $197,500 $310,800 $508,300
r+a 2017 9 $197,500 $340,425 $537,925
2018 10 $197,500 $368,372 $565,872
2019 11 $197,500 $394,738 $592,238
2020 12 $197,500 $419,611 $617,111
2021 13 $197,500 $443,077 $640,577
2022 14 $197,500 $465,214 $662,714
2023 15 $197,500 $486,098 $683,598
2024 16 $197,500 $505,800 $703,300
2025 17 $197,500 $524,387 $721,887
2026 18 $197,500 $541,922 $739,422
'_'' 2027 19 $197,500 $558,464 $755,964
2028 20 $197,500 $574,070 $771,570

INN
BLADEN BLUFFS REGIONAL SURFACE WATER TREATMENT PLANT
ENGINEERING ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS
PRESENT VALUE SURFACE WATER DISCHARGE
EVALUATION PERIOD 20 Years
- DISCOUNT RATE 6.o%
PRESENT VALUE (CAPITAL COST) $42,500
ANNUAL O&M COSTS $14,146
PRESENT VALUE SURFACE WATER DISCHARGE= $204,754
PRESENT VALUE CAPITAL COSTS
1. PIPING AND VALVES FROM RECYCLE PUMP AND INSTALLATION (50o ft- ion PVC pipe) $22,500
2. RIP -RAP AT OUTLET (ESTIMATED $35/TON; ioo TON) $3,500.00
3. PARSHALL FLUME $13,2oo
4. SAMPLER $A,3oo
5. TOTAL $42,500

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MI
MI
fir
BLADEN BLUFFS REGIONAL SURFACE WATER TREATMENT PLANT
ENGINEERING ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE COSTS
o.9-MGD SURFACE WATER DISCHARGE
i.Energy
a. Transfer Pump Station 0 kw
b. Total Demand Load
c. Cost per kw
d. Total Cost of Energy
2. Chemicals
a. Acid
b. PAC
c. Alum
d. Caustic
"' e. Fluoride
f. Polymer
g. Chlorine
pm h. Corrosion Inhibitor
i. Ammonia
j. Annual chemical cost
o kw
O55 / kw
Annual Cost
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$o.00
$o.00
$0.00
$0.00
3. Personnel (Salaries plus Benefits)
1.., a. Operators
Chief Plant Operator o $o.00
Class IV 0 $o.00
Class II o $o.00
Class I 0 $o.00
b. Mechanic 0.0 $o.00
"4 c. Lab Tech 0 $o.00
d. Total Labor Cost
4. Contract Services
a. Professional Services $2,000.00
., b. Maintenance contracts $1,000.00
c. Equipment rental $1,000.00
d. Total Contract Services
5. Repair Parts and Lubricants
a. Water Treatment Plant $1,000.00
"' b. Total Vehicles
$o.00
$o.00
$o.00
$4,000.00
$1,000.00

•
•
tom
BLADEN BLUFFS REGIONAL SURFACE WATER TREATMENT PLANT
ENGINEERING ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE COSTS
0.9-MGD SURFACE WATER DISCHARGE (CONT'D)
6. Vehicles
a. Water Treatment Plant $0.00
b. Total Vehicles $0.00
7. Annual Permit Renewal Fee
a. Permit Renewal Fee $860.00
b. Total Renewal Fee $860.00
8. Laboratory Cost
a. Laboratory supplies $ 2, 000.00
b. Sub -contracted testing $5,000.00
c. Total Laboratory Cost $7,000.00
9. Maintenance of Spray Field
a. Maintenance of Spray Field $o.00
b. Total Cost $o.00
10. Subtotal $12,860.00
11. Contingency $1,286.00
12. Total O&M Costs $14,146.00

BLADEN BLUFFS REGIONAL SURFACE WATER TREATMENT PLANT
ENGINEERING ALTERNATIVES ANALYSIS
o.9-MGD SURFACE WATER DISCHARGE
PRESENT VALUE OF COSTS
PV= A + B
A= Capital Costs
B= Recurring Costs * {[(1+r)^n-1]/[r(1+r)^n]}
Capital Costs (A) $42,500
Initial 0 & M Costs= $14,146
Year Year No. A B
2008 0 $42,500 $o
2009 1 $42,500 $14,146
2010 2 $42,500 $25,935
2011 3 $42,500 $37,812
2012 4 $42,500 $49,Q17
2013 5 $42,500 $59,588
2014 6 $42,500 $69,560
2015 7 $42,500 $78,968
2016 8 $42,500 $87,844
2017 9 $42,500 $96,217
2018 10 $42,500 $104,116
2019 11 $42,500 $111,568
2020 12 $42,500 $118,598
2021 13 $42,500 $125,230
2022 14 $42,500 $131,487
2023 15 $42,500 $137,389
2024 16 $42,500 $142,958
2025 17 $42,500 $148,211
2026 18 $42,500 $153,167
2027 19 $42,540 $157,843
2028 20 $42,500 $162,254
PV
$42,500
$56,646
$68,435
$80,312
$91,517
$102,088
$112,060
$121,468
$130,344
$138,717
$146,616
$154,068
$161,098
$167,730
$173,987
$179,889
$185,458
$190,711
$195,667
$200,343
$204,754

BM 151
r
Bladen Bluffs
Surface Water
Regional WTP
NC0088781
34-45-53 N,
° 78-48-16 W
B
BM 1 •+
_• }
Smithfield Packing
Tar Heel Plant
NC0078344
34-45-40 N,
78-47-45 W
T9 • •
Copyright (C) 1998, Maptech, Inc.
Cem
\ BM