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HomeMy WebLinkAboutWQ0023565_Regional Office Historical File Pre 2018d Michael F. Easley, Govemor William G. Ross Jr., Secretary North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources Alan W. Klimek, P.E., Director Division of Water Quality Coleen H. Sullins, Deputy Director Division of Water Quality Mr. Jon Dyer, Director of Public Works Union County 400 North Church Street Monroe, North Carolina 28112 February 9, 2004 Subject: Permit No. WQ0023565 Union County Village Park at Winding Lane Wastewater Collection System Extension Union County, North Carolina Dear Mr. Dyer: In accordance with your application received on February 6, 2004, we are forwarding herewith Permit No. WQ0023565, dated February 9, 2004, to Union County for the construction and operation of the subject wastewater collection system extension. This permit shall be effective from the date of issuance until rescinded, and shall be subject to the conditions and limitations as specified therein. This cover letter shall be considered a part of this permit and is therefore incorporated therein by reference. Please pay particular attention to Permit Condition 3 which requires that the wastewater collection facilities be properly operated and maintained in accordance with 15A NCAC 2H .0227 or any individual system -wide collection system permit issued to the Permittee. Permitting of this project does not constitute an acceptance of any part of the project that does not meet 1)15A NCAC 2H .0200; 2) the Division of Water Quality's (Division) Gravity Sewer Minimum Design Criteria adopted February 12, 1996, as applicable; 3) and the Division's Minimum Design Criteria for the Fast -Track Permitting of Pump Stations and Force Mains adopted June 1, 2000, as applicable, unless specifically mentioned herein. Division approval is based on acceptance of the certification provided by a North Carolina -licensed Professional Engineer in the application. It shall be the Permittee's responsibility to ensure that the as -constructed project meets the appropriate design criteria and rules. Failure to comply may result in penalties in accordance with North Carolina Genera! Statute §143-215.6A through §143-215.6C, construction of additional or replacement wastewater collection facilities, and/or referral of the North Carolina -licensed Professional Engineer to the licensing board. Mooresville Regional Office Internet httpi/h2o.enr.state.nc.us/ 919 N. Main Street, Mooresville, NC 28115 Telephone (704) 663-1699 Fax (704) 663-6040 DENR Customer Service Center Telephone 1 877 623-6748 VA NE-DENR Mr. Jon Dyer Page 2 February 9, 2004 In accordance with the provisions of Article 21 of Chapter 143, General Statutes of North Carolina as amended, and other applicable Laws, Rules, and Regulations, permission is hereby granted to Union County for the construction and operation of approximately 6,563.72 linear feet of 8- inch gravity sewer to serve 86 three -bedroom residences as part of the Village Park at Winding Lane project, and the discharge of 30,960 gallons per day of collected domestic wastewater into Union County's Twelve Mile Creek WWTP (NPDES No. NC0085359) existing sewerage system, pursuant to the application received February 6, 2004, and in conformity with 15A NCAC 2H .0200; the Division's Gravity Sewer Minimum Design Criteria adopted February 12, 1996, as applicable; the Division's Minimum Design Criteria for the Fast -Track Permitting of Pump Stations and Force Mains adopted June 1, 2000, as applicable; and other supporting data subsequently filed and approved by the Department of Environment and Natural Resources and considered a part of this permit. If any parts, requirements, or limitations contained in this permit are unacceptable, you have the right to request an adjudicatory hearing upon written request within 30 days following receipt of this permit. This request must be in the form of a written petition, conforming to Chapter 150E of North Carolina General Statutes, and filed with the Office of Administrative Hearings, 6714 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, NC 27699-6714. Unless such demands are made, this permit shall be final and binding. - If you need additional information concerning this matter, please contact Sonja Williams at (704) 663-1699. Sincerely, 1( for Alan W. Klimek, P.E. cc: Union County Health Department Mooresville Regional Office, Water Quality Section (WWTF Permit No. NC0085359) John Ross, Eagle Engineering, inc. Water Quality Central Files NDPU Files NORTH CAROLINA ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT COMMISSION DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES RALEIGH WASTEWATER COLLECTION SYSTEM EXTENSION PERMIT This permit shall be effective from the date of issuance until rescinded and shall be subject to the following specified conditions and limitations: 1. This permit shall become voidable unless the wastewater collection facilities are constructed in accordance with the conditions of this permit; 15A NCAC 2H .0200; the Division of Water Quality's (Division) Gravity Sewer Minimum Design Criteria adopted February 12, 1996, as applicable; the Division's Minimum Design Criteria for the Fast -Track Permitting of Pump Stations and Force Mains adopted June 1, 2000, as applicable; and other supporting materials unless specifically mentioned herein. 2. This permit shall be effective only with respect to the nature and volume of wastes described in the application and other supporting data. 3. The wastewater collection facilities shall be properly maintained and operated at all times. The Permiee shall maintain compliance with an individual system -wide collection system permit for the operation and maintenance of these facilities as required by 15A NCAC 2H .0227. If an individual permit is not required, the following performance criteria shall be met as provided in 15A NCAC 2H .0227: a. The sewer system shall be effectively maintained and operated at all times to prevent discharge to land or surface waters, and any contravention of the groundwater standards in 15A NCAC 2L .0200 or the surface water standards in 15A NCAC 2B .0200. b. A map of the sewer system shall be developed and shall be actively maintained. c. An operation and maintenance plan shall be developed and implemented. d. Pump stations that are not connected to a telemetry system shall be inspected every day (Le. 365 days per year). Pump stations that are connected to a telemetry system shall be inspected at least once per week. e. High -priority sewer lines shall be inspected at least once per every six-month period of time. f. A general observation of the entire sewer system shall be conducted at least once per year. g. Inspection and maintenance records shall be maintained for a period of at least three years. h. Overflows and bypasses shall be reported to the appropriate Division regional office in accordance with 15A NCAC 2B .0506(a), and public notice shall be provided as required by North Carolina General Statute §143-215.1 C. 1 4. This permit shall not be transferable. In the event there is a desire for the wastewater collection facilities to change ownership, or there.is a name change of the Permittee, a formal permit request shall be submitted to the Division accompanied by documentation from the parties involved, and other supporting materials as may be appropriate. The approval of this request shall be considered on its merits and may or may not be approved. 5. Construction of the gravity sewers, pump stations, and force mains shall be scheduled so as not to interrupt service by the existing utilities nor result in an overflow or bypass discharge of wastewater to the surface waters of the State. 6. Upon completion of construction and prior to operation of these permitted facilities, a certification, a copy of the construction record drawings, as well as supporting design calculations for any pump stations permitted as part of this project shall be received from a North Carolina -licensed Professional Engineer certifying that the facilities have been installed in accordance with this permit; 15A NCAC 2H .0200; the Division's Gravity Sewer Design Criteria adopted February 12, 1996 as applicable; the Division's Minimum Design Criteria for the Fast -Track Permitting of Pump Station and Force Main adopted June 1, 2000 as applicable; and other supporting materials. If this project is to be completed in phases and partially certified, you shall retain the responsibility to track further construction approved under the same permit, and shall provide a final certificate of completion once the entire project has been completed. A copy of the construction record drawings, indicating the facilities constructed in the phase being certified, shall be submitted with each partial certification. Mail the Engineer's Certification, one copy of the "Construction Record Drawings," and one copy of the supporting design calculations to the Non -Discharge Permitting Unit, 1617 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, NC 27699-1617. 7. A copy of the construction record drawings shall be maintained on file by the Permittee for the life of the wastewater collection facilities. 8. Failure to abide by the conditions and limitations contained in this permit; 15A NCAC 2H .0200; the Division's Gravity Sewer Design Criteria adopted February 12, 1996 as applicable; the Division's Minimum Design Criteria for the Fast -Track Permitting of Pump Station and Force Mains adopted June 1, 2000 as applicable; and other supporting materials may subject the Permittee to an enforcement action by the Division, in accordance with North Carolina General Statutes §143- 215.6A through §143-215.6C. ' 9. In the event that the wastewater collection facilities fail to perform satisfactorily, including the creation of nuisance conditions, the Permittee shall take immediate corrective action, including those as may be required by this Division, such as the construction of additional or replacement facilities. 10. The issuance of this permit shall not exempt the Permittee from complying with any and all statutes, rules, regulations, or ordinances that may be imposed by other government agencies (local, state and federal) which have jurisdiction, including but not limited to applicable river buffer rules in 15A NCAC 2B .0200, erosion and sedimentation control requirements in 15A NCAC Ch. 4 and under the Division's General Permit NCG010000, and any requirements pertaining to wetlands under 15A NCAC 2B .0200 and 15A NCAC 2H .0500. 2 11. Noncompliance Notification: The Permittee shall verbally report to a Division of Water Quality employee at the Mooresville Regional Office, telephone number (704) 663-1699, as soon as possible, but in no case more than 24 hours or on the next working day, following the occurrence or first knowledge of the occurrence of either of the following: a. Any process unit failure, due to known or unknown reasons, that renders the facility incapable of adequate wastewater transport, such as mechanical or electrical failures of pumps, line blockage or breakage, etc.; or b. Any failure of a pumping station or sewer line resulting in a by-pass directly to receiving waters without treatment of all or any portion of the influent to such station or facility. Voice mail messages or faxed information is permissible, but shall not be considered as the initial verbal report. Overflows and spills occurring outside normal business hours may also be reported to the Division of Emergency Management at telephone number (800) 858-0368 or- (919) 733- 3300. Persons reporting any of the above occurrences shall file a spill report by completing Part I of Form CS-SSO (or the most current Division approved form), within five days following first knowledge of the occurrence. This report shall outline the actions taken or proposed to ensure that the problem does not recur. Part 11 of Form CS-SSO (or the most current Division approved form) can also be completed to show that the SSO was beyond control. Permit issued this the 9th day of February, 2004. NORTH CAROLINA ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT COMMISSION for Alan W. Klimek,c..P.E., Director Division of Water Quality By Authority of the Environmental Management Commission Permit Number WQ0023565 3 ast Track Engineering Certification Permit No. WQ0023565 February 9, 2004 Complete and submit this form to the permit issuing regional office with the following: • One copy of the project record drawings (plan & profile views of sewer lines) of the wastewater collection system extension • supporting design calculations (selected pumps, system curve, operating point, available storage if portable generator(s) or storage greater than longest past three year outage reliability option selected) for any pump stations permitted as part of this project • Changes to the project should be clearly identified on the record drawings or in written summary form. Permit modifications are required for anv changes resulting in non-compliance with this permit, regulations or minimum design criteria. This project shall not be considered complete nor allowed to operate until this Engineer's Certification and all required supporting documentation have been received by the Division. Therefore, it is highly recommended that this certification be sent in a manner that provides proof of receipt by the Division. ENGINEER'S CERTIFICATION ❑ Partial ❑'Final 1, , as a duly registered Professional Engineer in the State of North Carolina, having been authorized to observe (❑ periodically, ❑ weekly, ❑ full time) the construction of the Village Park at Winding Lane, Union County project for the Permittee hereby state that, to the best of my abilities, due care and diligence was used in the observation of the construction such that the construction was observed to be built within substantial compliance of this permit; 15A NCAC 2H .0200; the Division of Water Quality's (Division) Gravity Sewer Minimum Design Criteria adopted February 12, 1996 as applicable; the Division's Minimum Design Criteria for the Fast -Track Permitting of Pump Stations and Force Mains adopted June 1, 2000 as applicable; and other supporting materials. North Carolina Professional Engineer's seal, signature, and date: SEND THIS FORM & SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION WITH REQUIRED ATTACHMENTS TO THE FOLLOWING ADDRESS MOORESVILLE REGIONAL OFFICE 919 N. MAIN STREET MOORESVILLE NC 28115 The Permittee is responsible for tracking all partial certifications up until a final certification is received. Any wastewater flow made tributary to the wastewater collection system extension prior to completion of this Engineer's Certification shall be considered a violation of the permit and shall subject the Permittee to appropriate enforcement actions. CK APPLICATION for GRAVITY SEWERS, PUMP STATIONS, AND FORCE MAINS PAGE 3 Pir USE THE TAB KEY TO MOVE FROM FIELD TO FIELD! Application Number: "�n,�,., (to be completed by DWQ) `Aigto 5 5- 1. Owner:• 1 a. UNION COUNTY Full Legal Name (company, municipality, HOA, utility, etc.) z 1b. JON C. DYER, P.E. DIRECTOR OF PUBLIC WORKS 0 Signing Official Name and Title (Please review 15A NCAC 2H .0206(b) for authorized signing officials!) Qlc. The legal entity who will own this system is: ❑ individual • Federal ❑ Municipajy ® State/County ■ Private Partnership ❑ Corporation D Other (specify): 2 5 ld. 400 NORTH CHURCH STREET le. MONROE LLStreet Address City z If. NORTH CAROLINA lg. 28112-4804 Z State Zip Code lh. 704 296-4210 li. 704-296-4232 1j. QTelephone Facsimile E-mail 0 2. Project (Facility) Information: p. 2a. VILLAGE PARK AT WINDING LANE 2b. UNION QBrief Project Name (permit will refer to this name) County Where Project is Located 3. Contact Person: Q 3a. CHARLES P. O'CAIN, P.E. DEPUTY DIRECTOR OF PUBLIC WORKS Name and Affiliation of Someone Who Can Answer Questions About this Application 3b. 704-296-4214 3c. O'CAIN@CO.UNION.NC.US Phone Number E-mail 1. Project is ►4 New • Modification (of an existing permit) If Modification, Permit No.: For modifications, attach a separate sheet clearly explaining the phase, changing line size/length, etc.). Only include the modified duplicate project information in B(7) and B(10-11) that has already reason for the modification (i.e. adding another information in this permit application - do not been included in the original permit. F. Owner is ►! Public (skip to Item B(3)) ❑ Private (go to Item 2(a)) a. If private, applicant will be: 2b. If sold, facilities owned by a (must choose one) Z 0 Q■ • ■ Retaining Ownership (i.e. store, church, single office, etc.) or Leasing units (lots, townhomes, etc. - skip to item B(3)) Selling units (lots, townhomes, etc. - go to !tom Bab)) ❑ Public Utility (Instruction III) ❑ Homeowner Assoc./Developer (Instruction IV) 2 3. UNION COUNTY OOwner of Wastewater Treatment Facility (WWTF) Treating Wastewater From This Project U. 4a. TWELVE MILE CREEK 4b. NC0085359, respectively Z Name of WWTF WWTF Permit No. F.. 5a. UNION COUNTY- 5b. 24-INCH 5c. WQ0019128 EOwner of Downstream Sewer Receiving Sewer Size Permit Number of Downstream Sewer (if known) Et 6. The origin of this wastewater is (check all that apply): W a ® Residential Subdivision 0 Apartments/Condominiums ■ Car Wash • Institution % Domestic/Commercial m • _school_ Mobile Home Park • Hospital IN Church % Industrial ❑-Restaurant ❑ Nursing Home % Other (specify): ■ Office 0 Other (specify): 7. Volume of wastewater to be permitted in this project: 30.960 gallons per day 8. If the permitted flow is zero, indicate why: ❑ Interceptor Line - Flow will be permitted is subsequent permits that connect to this line ❑ Flow has already been allocated in Permit No. ❑ Rehabilitation or replacement of existing sewer with no new flow expected . Tim ♦ An inn ., ___ , n, ,n., CK APPLICATION for GRAVITY SEWERS, PUMP STATIONS, AND FORCE MAINS PAGE 4 B. PERMIT INFORMATION (CONTINUED) 9. Provide the wastewater flow calculations used in determining the permitted flow in accordance with 15A NCAC 2H .0219(1) for Item B(7) or the design flow for line or pump station sizing if zero flow in the space below. Values other than that in 15A NCAC 2H .0219(1)(1-2) must be approved prior to submittal of this application. Submit a separate request to the Division of Water Quality, Non -Discharge Permitting Unit, 1617 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, NC 27699-1617 in accordance with 15A NCAC 2H .0219(I)(3). THREE (3) BEDROOMS PER RESIDENTIAL STRUCTURE @ 120 GALLONS/DAY PER BEDROOM @ 86 DWELLING UNITS. 30 96 d 10. Summary of Sewer Lines to be Permitted (attach additional sheets if necessary) Size (inches) Length (feet) Gravity or Force Main (use the pull down menu) 8-INCH (MH1-MH7) 1240.69 GRAVITY 8-INCH (MH8MH26) 1499.36 GRAVITY 8-INCH (MH21-MH27) 12.29 VK GRAVITY 8-INCH (MH7-MH14) 1473.51 GRAVITY 8-INCH (MH12-MH19) 236.40 GRAVITY 8-INCH (MH13-MH18) 921.86 GRAVITY 8-INCH (MH27-MH29) 1179.61 ' GRAVITY ENTER TOTAL LINE LENGTH IN MILES 1.24 MILES 11. Summary of Pump Stations to be Permitted (attach additional sheets as necessary) (NA) Location ID (self chosen - as shown on pians for cross-reference) Design Flow (MGD) Operational Point GPM @ TDH Power Reliability Option (1- dual line feed; 2- permanent generator wJATS; 3- generator w/telemetry; 4-wet well storage) _portable 12. Does the sewer system comply with the Minimum Design Criteria for the Fast Track Permitting of Pump Stations and Force Mains (latest version), the Gravity Sewer Minimum Design Criter a (latest version) and 15A NCAC 2H .0200 as applicable? ® Yes • No If no, please reference the pertinent minimum design criteria or regulation and indicate why a variance is requested: SUBMIT TWO COPIES OF PLANS, SPECIFICATIONS OR CALCULATIONS PERTINENT TO THE VARIANCE WITH YOUR APPLICATION 13. Have the following permits/certifications been submitted for approval? Wetland/Stream Crossings - General Permit or 401 Certification? Sedimentation and Erosion Control Plan? Stormwater? ® N/A ■ Yes • No ►:1 Yes ■ No ■ N/A ® Yes ❑ No ■ N/A FTA 02/03 - Rev. 1 06/03 CK APPLICATION for GRAVITY SEWERS, PUMP STATIONS, AND FORCE MAINS PAGE 5 Z 1. Use the Division's guidance document entitled, "DETERMINING STREAM CLASSIFICATIONS FOR FORM FTA 02103 (FAST -TRACK SEWER SYSTEMS)" to collect and record the stream classification data below (attach additional sheets as necessary). This document is available from our web site or by contacting the appropriate Division of Water Quality I regional office (see instructions for addresses) OR indicate the following: 0 aI A Stream Classification is not needed because all parts of the project are at least 100 feet away from any down slope waterbody; AND, (.) !L • A Stream Classification is not needed because the design does not depend on wet well storage as a power reliability option for any pump station near a Class C down slope waterbody. f�Location Q ID on Map I (self chosen - as shown on map for cross-reference) Name of Waterbody County River Basin Waterbody Stream Index Waterbody Classification C.i E SEE FIGURE 1- TOPOGRAPHIC MAP TRIBUTARY OF PRICE MILL CREEK UNION CATAWBA RIVER BASIN (CTB 38) 11-138-2-2 C Q r CC HI — --- — VI — — Submit the 8.5" x 11" COLOR topographic map as required in Instruction VI regardless of whether a classification is provided! i1. Applicant's Certification: 1, Jon. 'C C. , Dyer; attest that this application for VILLAGE PARK has been reviewed by me and is accurate and complete to the 1 parts of this application are not completed and that if all required I included, this application package is subject to being returned j General Statutes 143-215.6A and 143-215.6B, any person who .certification in any application shall be guilty of a Class 2 mis f, well as civil penalties up to $25,000 pe . ation. AT WINDING LANE best of my knowledge. I understand that if all required supporting documentation and attachments are not as incomplete. Note: In accordance with North Carolina knowingly makes any false statement, representation, or meanor which may include a fine not to exceed $10, 000 1 . 6 4— i Signing Official Signature Date Z 0 I--- Q 0 LL. F:, CC LIJ 0 d 2. Professional Engineer's Certification: ! attest that this application for V17-1_I14PA21L'r VJit'16"4 Lom as been reviewed by me and is accurate, complete and consistent with the information in the engineering plans, calculations, and all other supporting documentation to the best of my knowledge. 1 further attest that to the best of my knowledge the proposed design has been prepared in accordance with the applicable regulations, Gravity Sewer Minimum Design Criteria for Gravity Sewers adopted February 12, 1996, and the Minimum Design Criteria for the Fast -Track Permitting of Pump Stations and Force Mains adopted June 1, 2000 and the watershed classification in accordance with Division guidance. Although certain portions of this submittal package may have been developed by other professionals, inclusion of these materials under my signature and seal signifies that i have reviewed this material and have judged it to be consistent with the proposed design. Note: In accordance with NC General Statutes 143-215. 6A and 143-215. 6B, any person who knowingly makes any false statement, representation, or certification in any application shall be guilty of a Class 2 misdemeanor which may include a fine not to exceed $10,000 as well as civil penalties up to $25,000 per violation. 2a. ‹ i plant ti. 05-S - . Professional Engineer Name ttlltll l I I N! irylr� CAAO,'',�,' 2b. EAGLE ENGINEERING, INC. ```„\..�\A .� Q. ••-•'•"...., O '•�?, Engineering Firm .•• FESS/ .: i Z.:'�O Oy'., 2c. 310 INDIAN TRAIL-FAIRVIEW ROAD •7 L j SEAL �r Address ! : 14959 ; CO '2d. INDIAN TRAIL 2e. NC ,2f. 28079 ?' Q:' CZ" City State Zip 2.2' 0�" r�' 9.L . O /''''/���N�r 2g. 704-882-4222 2h. 704-882-4232 21. JROSS@EAGLEONLINE. \ ET limilim ��'��\,\\\\` 1 Telephone i Facsimile E-mail Seal, Signature & Date FTA 02/03 - Rev. 1 06/03 E TY CAT ON LED ENla 7.5-.MiNLF fE SERIES `171)I . (WAPIEC QUA DR.A NGLE MAPS "MATITIEw3, NC", 971, PiRfECREVISED L9Fi8 Norm, THE 41 BJECT P'ROVERT V ((3,NTAiN A PORRTION OF A, RBODY (TRILM,rrA' r OF PRICE MIL.1. CREEK), Ti R FtI:3E',7Y (CLASS('&1("A.'1'EJ>NDI LI17 WiTHIN'Ll11 cdA A R.1V1"5R BASIN (C7ITT :1 '.(7 6E. J5°..T"�F"[..13iJT' Y S"9'Lt,EAM CLASSIFICATION INDEX IS l I-I';R22. TOPOGRAPHIC MAP VILLAGE PARK AT WINDING LANE IINT©N COUNTY, NC PARK WEST DEVELOPMENT CO. P.O. BOX 2284 MATTHEWS, NC 28106 02rosroa ermit Number WQ0023565 Permit Tracking Slip Program Category Non -discharge Status Project Type In review New Project Permit Type Fast Track Version Permit Classification Gravity Sewer Extension, Pump Stations, & Pressure Sewer Individual Extensions Primary Reviewer Permit Contact Affiliation sonja.williams Permitted Flow 30960 Facility Facility Name Village Park at Winding Lane Location Address Owner Malor/Minor Region Minor Mooresville County Union Facility Contact Affiliation Owner Name Owner Type Union County Government - County Owner Affiliation Jon Dyer 400 North Church Street Monroe Dates/Events NC 28112 Scheduled Orig Issue App Received Draft Initiated Issuance Public Notice issue Effective Expiration 02/06/04 711 /04- Regulated Activities Requested/Received Events Subdivision Wastewater collection Outfall NULL Additional information requested Additional Information received Waterbody Name Stream index Number Current Class Subbaatn UNION COUNTY PUBLIC WORKS 400 N. Church Street Monroe, NC 28112-4804 704/296-4210 Fax 704/296-4232 To: NC Department of Environment and Natural Resources Mooresville Regional Office 919 North Main Street Mooresville, N.C. 28115 TRANSMITTAL Attention: Regarding: Sanitary Sewer to serve Village Park at Winding Lane Subdivision We are sending you: ❑ Copy of letter ❑ Plans ❑ Prints ❑ Shop Drawings Z Other Date: 214/04 Copies Date No. Description 1 2/2/04 Original Non Discharge Permit Application 1 2/2/04 Copy of Non Discharge Permit Application 1 1/13/04 30 78 7 Check for $400.00 (Application Fee) These are transmitted as checked below: ® For approval 0 For your use ❑ As requested ❑ For review and comments Remarks: Signed: Received by: Date: NC DEPT. OF ENVIROWIVit?4T AND NATURAL RESOURCES NOoRESYILLr f'DNAL OFFICE WATERWALIMECTRIll ut, .i I�. .. • •