HomeMy WebLinkAboutWSMU_JONE_WSWP Map_20210830ELKIN WATER SUPPLY
PROTECTION & RESTORATION PLAN
Executive Summary
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PI EDM NT TRIAD
REGIONAL COUNCIL
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cleanwater
MANAGEMENT TRUST FUND
Water Supply Protection Plan
Town of Elkin
Town of Jonesville
February 2015
PIEDMONT TRIAD
REGIONAL COUNCIL
Cy Stober, Senior Regional Planner
Joy Fields, Planner I
Marc Allred, GIs Planner
Elizabeth Jernigan, Planner II
With Support From
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MANAGEMENT TRUST FUND
Elkin & Jonesville Water Supply Protection Plan EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Elkin & Jonesville Water Supply Protection Plan
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The Towns of Elkin and Jonesville, NC, sit across the Yadkin River from each other and share two
water supplies: Jonesville draws water from an intake on the Yadkin River across the river from
Elkin's former textile mills and Elkin draws water from a reservoir on Big Elkin Creek. The towns'
emergency water supplies are each others' primary water supplies — they share an interconnection
allowing either town to draw water if it needs to. Both municipalities share an interest in the health
and fate of the waters in the nearly-400 square mile watershed that drains to their respective
intakes. This watershed lies largely in Wilkes County (although much of the Town of Wilkesboro
drains to it as well) and is mostly used for rural homes and farms, though there are scattered
industries throughout the watershed, especially those involved with the poultry business (Appendix
A). The industries that were at the hearts of both towns are now gone; leaving excess water
capacity and an infrastructure that is largely financed with residential fees and local taxes.
The watershed is also rich in outstanding ecology and recreation opportunities: the Blue Ridge
Parkway runs through it, its ridgeline abuts Stone Mountain State Park, wild trout are found in
many of its headwaters, and numerous rare and threatened birds, plants, and the endangered bog
turtle are found here (Appendix B). Thanks to the remarkable work of the Elkin Valley Trails
Association (EVTA) — with the support of both towns and their surrounding counties — the
watershed is also home a large trail network that will be tied into the NC Mountains -to -Sea Trail.
These assets hold great economic promise for the residents and business of the region.
The value of water as a public utility and resource is becoming more apparent in North Carolina as
the state's population grows. Clean, safe, and reliable water supplies are vital for communities to
grow their populations and economies, and are increasingly being demanded by the private sector
and the public. The State of North Carolina has long recognized the value of restoring impaired
waters so that they meet such RIPARIAN BUFFER PROTECTION ALONG BIG ELKIN CREEK
standards, but, recently the NC Clean
Water Management Trust Fund
(CWMTF) and the NC Division of
Water Resources (DWR) Water
Supply Protection Unit have
collaborated to protect public water
supplies.
This Water Supply Protection Plan
and its recommendations are the
result of this twelve-month planning
process funded by the NC CWMTF to
support the Piedmont Triad Regional
SOURCE: JOE MICKEY
Elkin & Jonesville Water Supply Protection Plan EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Council (PTRC) to proactively plan for long-term water supply protection with both the Towns of
Elkin and Jonesville. This planning effort includes an assessment of historic and current land uses
and policies; recommended policies and ordinances that can better protect water quality conditions
with a focus on Watershed Characterization, Agriculture, Forestry, and Natural Resources and
Recreation; and a Project Atlas that identifies conservation and restoration projects that can best
protect water quality conditions for the Towns of Elkin and Jonesville for the foreseeable future.
The stakeholder group that guided this planning effort was composed of twelve different
organizations representing local environmental and recreation groups, local government staff from
both municipalities and counties, and state staff from recreation and environmental agencies.
Elkin & Jonesville Source Water Protection Stakeholders
Eddie Barnes
Wilkes County, Planning Department
Bill Blackley
Elkin Valley Trails Association
Scott Buffkin
Town of Jonesville, Manager
Leigh Calloway
Yadkin County, Soil & Water Conservation District
Duncan Cavanaugh
High Country Council of Governments
Colleen Church
Yadkin County, Cooperative Extension Service
Kacy Cook
NC Wildlife Resources Commission
Mark Fowlkes
NC Wildlife Resources Commission
Nathan Gatlin
NC Forest Service
Bill Hainlin
Wilkes County, Cooperative Extension Service
Andrea Leslie
NC Natural Heritage Program
Adam McComb
Town of Elkin, Parks & Recreation Department
Joe Mickey
Elkin Valley Trails Association
Dean Naujoks
Yadkin Riverkeeper
Mike Pardue
Wilkes County, Soil & Water Conservation District
Michael Poston
Yadkin County, Planning Department
Rebecca Sadosky
NC Division of Water Resources, Source Water Protection Unit
Bryan Tompkins
US Fish & Wildlife
Jason Walker
Yadkin County, Soil & Water Conservation District
Elkin & Jonesville Water Supply Protection Plan EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
their concerns for the present and future
use of Big Elkin Creek, the Upper Yadkin
River, and all of its tributaries, including
high -value waters like the Roaring River.
The PTRC is proud to deliver this plan to all
project stakeholders, but especially the
Town of Elkin, the Town of Jonesville, and
Wilkes, Yadkin, and Surry Counties. It plots
a long-term strategy to protect and restore
the best conditions possible for these two
water supplies.
Recommendations
The PTRC embarked on a one-year planning effort to assess the needs and concerns in this
watershed of the headwaters of the Yadkin River. It features assessments of historic and current
land uses and utility operations, computer -based assessments of watershed conditions, and
interviews with many stakeholders on W W ,, I , ; ,
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In the Elkin and Jonesville Water Supply Protection Plan, the PTRC makes the following
recommendations:
• ImDlement the Watershed Plan at a Regional Scale
o This watershed is nearly 400-square miles in size and crosses six political
jurisdictions. Most of the watershed is in Wilkes County, but the Towns of Elkin and
Jonesville rely upon the water. Working across these political boundaries to develop
programs specific to the residents, farms, businesses, and ecosystems of this region
is necessary for the long-term health of these water systems. An apolitical entity like
the Yadkin Valley Heritage Corridor Partnership would be the best home for a
watershed coordinator to work with all of these partners and implement this plan.
• Improve Local Water Quality Monitoring
o There is very little water quality data available for this watershed. More and better
data can allow stakeholders to identify sources of pollution and high -value
ecological and recreational areas. Coordination with NC DENR, especially on the
value of citizen data collected by the Elkin Valley Trails Association and the Yadkin
Riverkeeper, is needed to create new, strategically -placed water quality monitoring
stations in these watersheds.
o The NC DWR Source Water Protection Unit has developed a comprehensive list of
potential water contaminants for the entire state. These include highly regulated
sources such as wastewater treatment plants, legacy sources of pollution like
Superfund sites that were regulated after they were identified, and sites such as
underground storage sites that are inspected less than once a year. However, the
Elkin & Jonesville Water Supply Protection Plan EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
stakeholders are concerned that there are multiples sites throughout the watershed
where potentially hazardous materials may be buried.
• Develop Sustainable Utility Management
o Both Elkin and Jonesville have restored their water utilities to decent financial health
following large structural and financial concerns in the early 2000's. However, both
towns have systems designed for industrial use that are now being supported largely
by residents. Working with non-profit and academic partners to ensure the long-
term health of these utilities is a sound investment. This is also a necessary step to
resolve the growth of vegetated mats in Jonesville's water treatment settling ponds.
o None of the communities involved in this project have programs to address non -
point sources of pollution like stormwater or agricultural runoff. If the towns
complied with national stormwater regulations, they could comprehensively address
their needs at a low cost. The counties could also have a program to educate rural
landowners about best practices to minimize pollution runoff from lawns and farms.
The PTRC's program Stormwater SMART can satisfy many of these needs.
o The counties' Soil and Water Conservation District and Cooperative Extension staffs
have created highly effective programs that can improve farm efficiency while
reducing environmental impacts. However, these programs —such as no -till
equipment sharing — are used at capacity. Similarly, federal and state cost -share
assistance programs that can institute best practices on farms have waiting lists for
their use. Greater financial and material support is needed for the organizations and
the programs that they administer.
• Develop Long -Term Water Quality Management
o Big Elkin Creek and the Yadkin River are both plagued by seasonal high sediment
levels that degrade fisheries and aquatic habitats and fill Elkin's municipal reservoir.
A regional strategy for managing these sources of sediment includes
interjurisdictional cooperation on outreach and cost -assistance programs, but also
the education of watershed residents on what development, agricultural, and
forestry practices are legal and which are not. The Neuse Riverkeeper established a
Muddy Water Watch to empower residents to address underregulated
development; a similar program for agriculture and, especially, forestry in this basin
would both improve the education of watershed residents and make regulators
more aware of issues in these areas.
• Develop an Ecotourism Economy
o The communities included in this watershed have many valuable natural assets that
have already delivered revenue. Using the NC Wildlife Resource Commission's Green
Growth Toolbox can instruct these communities on how to grow and protect these
valuable economic resources. This includes the development of trout fisheries and
hatcheries as well as blueways, greeways, and hiking trails.
Elkin & Jonesville Water Supply Protection Plan EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Present & Future Watershed Needs
Both the Yadkin River and Big Elkin Creek are rated
"Good" or "Good -Fair' by the NC DENR. Generally
speaking, these are safe and healthy water supplies
for the roughly 8,000 people who rely upon them.
However, well -documented high sediment levels
plague these waters in the late winter through
summer. This study determines that most of these
impacts come from a few farms and timber
operations that are failing to using best practices.
These impacts are due to a lack of enforcement
capacity by the staff at the NC DWR and an
unawareness of local residents on what proper and improper farming and timber operations look
like. The Yadkin Riverkeeper and the EVTA have both expressed interest in addressing these needs
and developing a relationship with the enforcement staff at the NC DWR regional office in Winston-
Salem.
The watersheds for both water supplies are somewhat naturally unstable due natural conditions,
making the use of best practices for homes, farms, and development all that much more important.
These natural conditions, which can create high runoff rates, can be seen in Appendix C. While the
Yadkin River has been known as the "Muddy Yadkin", this may be due to these natural conditions
and a lack of management. We now have an opportunity to use resources like this plan and the
Green Growth Toolbox to grow and prosper in ways that don't produce pollution. Such practices
require education and programming through public support.
CLASS3 STREAMS IN THE ELKIN & JONESVILLE WATERSHEDS
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Investments in best practices for both the
towns and rural residents will require
education on why and how these practices are
helpful. Such education is more necessary
when new investments in stream restoration
and stormwater management projects are
discussed. A sustained presence in the
communities of Jonesville, Elkin, and the three
counties that surround them is needed to
present a consistent message to residents and
coordinate the activities of the watershed's
many players.
The PTRC has identified opportunities for
collaboration and investment by scanning the buffer conditions on 100 feet of either streambank of
every water body in these watersheds. It rated them on a scale from 1 (healthiest) to 5 (no buffer)
in to identify areas where the highest needs for improving and protecting water quality conditions
Elkin & Jonesville Water Supply Protection Plan EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
are within the watershed. With limited finds available, informed decisions must be made on how to
most effectively ensure the health and safety of Elkin and Jonesville's waters. The average score of
the streams was then collected at a small catchment scale and these catchments were ranked
based upon their need for investment (score value; Appendix D). A project atlas that identifies these
different streams is featured in the plan, and includes the fifteen most in need of restoration and
the fifteen catchments most in need of permanent protection due to excellent local conditions.
Elkin & Jonesville Watershed Suwmary
Both Jonesville and Elkin have healthy water supply watersheds that have some persistent concerns
such as water leaks in their infrastructure, unknown buried contaminants and seasonal concerns,
namely sedimentation from upstream practices that fill up reservoirs and muddy the Yadkin River.
Many of these seasonal sources can be addresses, which is the main focus of the project atlas. The
towns and counties are making great efforts to address the other needs of the watersheds, but will
need to invest in a regional education and outreach effort to unite all of the watershed residents in
a future of stewardship, ecotourism, and best practices for all timber operations, farms, and homes.
The streams that are being degraded by poor forestry practices can be dealt with directly - they are
violating state law for failure to use forestry practice guidelines. A combination of increased
enforcement by NC DWR staff and reporting by residents under the guidance of the EVTA and/or
the Yadkin Riverkeeper, similar to the Muddy Water Watch that effectively addressed a lack of
enforcement of stormwater and sediment management at construction sites in the Neuse River
basin can effectively address these water supply stressors.
The poor agricultural practices are challenging to address. Except for large, permitted farms, there
are few regulatory mechanisms to require farmers to protect water quality for their downstream
neighbors. There are a variety of cost -share and assistance programs that can support these
landowners in improving their agricultural practices to protect the environment while not cutting
into their profits. However, these programs and staff are underfunded at both the federal and state
levels. According to staff, many of these programs have waiting lists that go back years. Without
regulations and/or financial assistance, many of these farmers simply cannot afford to make the
investments required to restore healthy water quality and stream buffer conditions. This project
highlighted these frustrations among the soil and water conservation district and cooperative
extension staffs.
These mapping efforts and the extremely hard work of others have yielded many opportunities for
the Towns of Elkin and Jonesville, the NCDWR, the NC Department of Agriculture & Consumer
Services, the Farm Bureau, and federal partners to invest in to ensure healthy and safe water
supplies for the foreseeable future. The projects that can yield the highest benefits for the
watershed are highlighted in the plan's Project Atlas. With an investment in coordinating all of
these activities and partner organizations, this plan can be implemented and the long-term water
supply of Elkin, Jonesville, and any future users ensured while also protecting habitats of the
ecosystems that are likely to support the local economy in the future.
Elkin & Jonesville Water Supply Protection Plan EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
APPENDIX A
Elkin Water Supply Watershed
Agricultural Map - Yadkin Riverkeeper Data
ALLEGH Y C Y
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J SURRY COUNTY -
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268yce u� Cattle
♦ 116 Livestock
- Poultry
SymbollD
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VoluntaryAg District
A�LEXANDER COUNTY ,
16 Farmland
Elkin Creek Watershed QYadkin River Watershed HEOMON r TaEau 0 075 15 3 45 6
RLGIOV.4L COUNCIL Mues
Elkin & Jonesville Water Supply Protection Plan EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
APPENDIX B
221 Elkin & Jonesville Water Supply Watershed
Natural Heritage Areas
Bullhead Mountain
Bulhead Mountain
AL $EG HANY C DU NTY
' Blue'Ridge a rl<way � /my- / Mitchell River Game Landr
Stone Mounta
COUNTY— _ U R C TY
Thurmond Chatham Game Land 4 _
1 _ o r.
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FCKES C UNTY �� `� Ronda
16 26e Co
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d n
YadKin
'�7f2i�eY 12 x
f�a 13 (y
North Wilkesboro
. 18 Fishing
21 19
17 421
W. Kerr Scott Reservoir (wlkesboro; Y KIN N
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268
C` Natural Heritage Element Occurances
1
22 Dedicated Natural Preserves
Significant Natural Heritage Areas
76 Parks & Managed Areas
Federal Parks
;cANDEV ; State Parks
(' Elkin Creek Watershed QJonesville Intake Watershed �ttrGI lonT`relno 0,5 ,5 45
L2P ,LONAL COUWCIL Mlles +
Elkin & Jonesville Water Supply Protection Plan EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
APPENDIX C
Elkin & Jonesville Water Supply Watershed
Floodplains & Elevation `J
RLLEGHnNYCONNTY
�1{ ALLEGHMY COUNTY
SURRY COUNTY
SH COUNTY
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Steep Slope 20% or greater
it Elevation (Feet):
nL�=r•r.c�r so�r,�v High : 5210
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Low 634
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Elkin Creek Watershed Q Jonesville Intake Watershed
Miles
Elkin & Jonesville Water Supply Protection Plan EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
APPENDIX D
JPUElkin Water Supply Watershed
Stream Health
ALLE&11ANY CauN TY
3HECOUNTY
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� SURRYL'OUNTY
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a p
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tvlean Stream Health
Z By Cate hm ent
Most Healthy
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ALEXANUER CRUNTV
Least Health+,
Elkin Creek `Natersried=Jonesville lntake'vb'atershed