20071075 Ver 1_Application_20070620

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STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
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DEPAR'T~lV1ENT OF TRANSPORTATION
MICHAEL F. EASLEY
GOVERNOR
June 13, 2007
U. S. Army Corps of Engineers
Regulatory Field Office
6508 Falls of the Neuse Road, Suite 120
Raleigh, NC 27615
ATTENTION: Mr. Monte Matthews
NCDOT Coordinator
LYNDO TIPPET'T
SECRETARY
071075
Subject: Nationwide 23 Permit Application for the replacement of Bridge No. 3 over Lost Cove
Creek on NC 90, Caldwell County. Federal Aid Project No. BRZ-90(1), State Project
No. 8.1731601, Division 11, TIP Project No. B-3818, WBS Element 33271.1.1.
Dear Mr. Matthews:
Please find enclosed a copy of the Categorical Exclusion (CE), and '/z size plans for the above
referenced project. Bridge No. 3 over Lost Cove Creek will be replaced with a new 125-foot long,
28-foot wide structure approximately 27 feet to the west of the existing structure. Realignment of
the bridge will require new approach roadway work of approximately 335 feet to the south and 245
feet to the north of the bridge. Traffic will use the existing structure during construction. No
permanent impacts to jurisdictional resources will occur. Proposed temporary impacts to Lost Cove
Creek consist of up to 209 yd3 of temporary fill due to the demolition of the old bridge. After
demolition is completed, the temporary fill will be removed. There are no wetlands in the project
area.
IMPACTS TO WATERS OF THE UNITED STATES
General Description: The project is located in the Catawba River basin (HUC 03050101) and will
cross Lost Cove Creek. Lost Cove Creek has been assigned a best usage classification of C Tr,
ORW by the N.C. Division of Water Quality. Lost Cove Creek is also classified by NC Wildlife
Resources Commission (WRC) as a trout water. Lost Cove Creek is not listed on the 2004 Final
303(d) list of impaired waters and does not drain to any 303(d) streams within one mile of the project
limits. Lost Cove Creek is not designated as a State or National Natural, Wild or Scenic River,
however Lost Cove Creek is a tributary to Wilson Creek, a designated national Wild and Scenic
River. Since Lost Cove Creek is classified as an Outstanding Resource Water and a trout water,
NCDOT will implement Design Standards in Sensitive Watersheds.
Temporary Impacts: Proposed temporary impacts to Lost Cove Creek will total up to 209 yd3 of
temporary fill.
Permanent Impacts: No permanent impacts will occur to Lost Cove Creek. No wetlands occur in
the project area.
MAILING ADDRESS:
NC DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
PROJECT DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS
1598 MAIL SERVICE CENTER
RALEIGH NC 27699-1598
TELEPHONE: [phone]
FAX: [phone]
WEBSITE: WWVVDOH.DOT.STATE.NC.US
LOCATION:
2728 CAPITOL BOULEVARD
PARKER LINCOLN BUILDING. SUITE 240
RALEIGH NC 27699

NC 90
TIP No. B-3818
Bridge No. 3 over Lost Cove Creek
Caldwell County
Federal-Aid Project No. BRZ-90(1)
State Project No. 8.1731601
WBS No. 33271.1.1
CATEGORICAL EXCLUSION
DECEMBER 2004
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Documentation Prepared by:
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Steve A. Drum, PE
Project Manager -Roadway Design
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For the North Carolina Department of Transportation
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IChaled Al-Akhdar
Project Manager
Consultant Engineering Unit

PROJECT COMMITMENTS
NC 90
Bridge No. 3 over Lost Cove Creek
Caldwell County
Federal-Aid Project No. BRZ-90(1)
State Project No. 8.1731601
WBS No. 33271.1.1
TIP No. B-3818
In addition to the standard Nationwide Permit No. 23 Conditions, the General Nationwide Permit
Conditions, Section 404 Only Conditions, Regional Conditions, State Consistency Conditions,
NCDOT's Guidelines for Best Management Practices for the Protection of Surface Waters,
Design Standards for Sensitive Watersheds, General Certification Conditions, and Section 401
Conditions of Certification, the following special commitments have been agreed to by NCDOT:
Division Construction:
1. Instream work and land disturbance within the 2S foot wide bu, fj`er zone are prohibited
during the brown, brook, and rainbow trout spawning season of October 1 S through
April 1 S to protect the egg and fry stages of trot from off-site sedimentation during
construction.
2. "Guidelines for Construction of Highway Improvements Adjacent to or Crossing Trout
Waters in North Carolina" (October 27, 1992) will be adhered to throughout the life of
this project
Roadway Design:
The US Forest Service will be sent combined field inspection plans for recommendations to
ensure Wilson Creek, a designated national Wild and Scenic River in the vicinity of the
project, is not impacted.
B-3818 Green Sheet
Categorical Exclusion
December 2004

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NC 90
Bridge No. 3 over Lost Cove Creek
Caldwell County
Federal-Aid Project No. BR~90(1)
State Project No. 8.1731601
WBS No. 33271.1.1
TIP No. B-3818
INTRODUCTION: The replacement of Bridge No. 3 is included in the North Carolina
Department of Transportation 2004-2010 Transportation Improvement Program (TIP)
and in the Federal-Aid Bridge Replacement Program. The bridge location is shown in
Figure 1. No substantial environmental impacts are anticipated. The project is classified
as a Federal "Categorical Exclusion".
I. PURPOSE ANA NEED FOR PROJECT
NCDOT Bridge Maintenance Unit records indicate Bridge No. 3, two-way traffic on a
one lane bridge over Lost Cove Creek, has a sufficiency rating of 50.6 out of a possible
100 for a new structure. The bridge is considered functionally unsatisfactory and
structurally deficient. The replacement of this inadequate structure will result in safer
and more efficient traffic operations.
II. EXISTING CONDITIONS
Proiect Setting. Figure 1 shows the project location in relation to the county and state.
The project is located in the mountainous areas of the northwestern part of the state.
NC 90 is an unpaved gravel road and classified as a
rural major collector (see Photograph 1). It is the
only major road in the area. Land use in the project
area is predominantly residential and National Forest
land.
Lost Cove Creek forms a confluence with Wilson
Creek approximately 125 feet downstream (east) of
Bridge No. 3 as shown in Photograph 2 on page 2.
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Photograph 1: Bridge No. 3,
looking North.

Wilson Creek has been designated a Wild and Scenic River.
An overhead power line runs along the east side of the bridge and another one crosses the
road just south of the bridge. The utility conflicts for this bridge are considered low.
Existing Bridge Data. The existing one-lane bridge
was constructed in 1936 (see Photograph 3). Its
superstructure is made of reinforced concrete with an
arched deck. The substructure is made of reinforced
concrete end bents, reinforced concrete solid piers
and timber piles. The bents are not in the creek bed.
The approach roadway is a gravel road with an
uneven shoulder approximately 17-18 feet wide.
Across the bridge, the roadway width is 11.7 feet, and
the total deck width is 14.3 feet. The height of the
bridge (from crown to bed) is approximately 16 feet.
The current bridge is 115 feet long.
The bridge carries NC 90, a gravel road at this
location. The posted weight limits for the bridge are
25 tons for single vehicles and 29 tons for tractor-
trailersemi-trucks. The drainage area for Lost Cove
Creek is 19.2 square miles.
Traffic Information. Estimated traffic volumes at the bridge are 100 vehicles per day
(vpd) for the year 2003 and 223 vpd for the design year 2030. The projections estimate
two (2) percent truck-tractor semi-trailer (TTST) and one (1) percent dual-tired (DT)
vehicles. The posted speed limit is 25 miles per hour (mph).
No accidents were reported in the vicinity of the bridge during the period from
January 1, 2001 to Apri130, 2003.
One Caldwell County school bus crosses Bridge No. 3 twice each day.
There are currently no provisions for pedestrians, and no evidence of heavy use by
pedestrians, such as worn footpaths, on this section of NC 90. This section of NC 90 is
not part of a designated bicycle route nor is it listed in the TIP as needing incidental
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Photograph 2: The confluence of
Lost Cove Creek with Wilson
Creek just downstream of Bridge
No. 3.
Photograph 3: Bridge No. 3,
looking upstream (West).

bicycle accommodations. There is no indication there are an unusual number of
bicyclists using this roadway.
III. ALTERNATIVES
A. Project Description
Bridge No. 3 will be replaced with a new bridge. The typical section for this structure is
shown in Figure 2. The new structure is athree-span bridge approximately 140 feet in
length. None of the bents will be in the creek bed. The proposed bridge will be at
approximately the same elevation as the existing bridge. The proposed bridge will
consist of two 10-foot travel lanes and 2-foot shoulders. The length and opening of the
new bridge structure may increase or decrease as necessary to accommodate peak flows,
which will be determined from detailed hydraulic analysis during final design.
B. Build Alternatives
Three alternatives were. evaluated for the replacement of Bridge No. 3. The approach
roadway for the permanent replacement structure will consist of two 10-foot travel lanes
and 4-foot grass shoulders. The design speed for the roadway is 30 miles per hour.
Alternative 1-Temporary Realigmment Upstream (One-Lane Detowl
This alternative will involve building a temporary detour structwe upstream (west) and
constructing the replacement bridge at the existing location. The detow bridge will be
approximately 115 feet in length and 16 feet wide. The approach roadway will extend
approximately 163 feet north and approximately 172 feet south of the bridge. The detow
bridge will be offset approximately 26 feet west of the existing bridge. A design
exception will be required for the one-lane detow. The temporary detow bridge and
approaches will be removed after construction. Alternative 1 was not selected as the
Preferred Alternative because compared to the Preferred Alternative it is more expensive
and has a longer duration of disturbance to Lost Cove Creek, an Outstanding Resowce
Water.
Alternative 2 - Temporarv Realignment Downstream (One-Lane Detow)
This alternative will involve building a temporary detour structure downstream (east) and
constructing the replacement bridge at the existing location. The detow bridge will be
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approximately 115 feet in length and 16 feet wide. The approach roadway will extend
approximately 168 feet north and approximately 159 feet south of the bridge. The detour
bridge will be offset approximately 27 feet east of the existing bridge. A design
exception will be required for the one-lane detour. Upon completion of the new bridge,
the temporary bridge and approaches will be removed. Alternative 2 was not selected as
the Preferred Alternative because compared to the Preferred Alterative it is more
expensive and has a longer duration of disturbance to Lost Cove Creek, an Outstanding
Resource Water.
Alternative 3 - Realignment Upstream (Preferred)
This alternative will replace Bridge No. 3 on a new alignment upstream (west) of the
existing bridge. The approach roadway will extend approximately 335 feet to the south
and 245 feet to the north of the bridge. The new bridge will be offset approximately 27
feet west of the existing bridge. During construction, traffic will be maintained on the
existing bridge. Upon completion of the new bridge, the existing bridge and approaches
will be removed.
C. Alternatives Eliminated from Further Study
The "do-nothing" alternative will eventually necessitate removal of the existing structure
and closure of NC 90. This is not desirable due to the service provided by NC 90.
Rehabilitation of the existing structure is not feasible due to its age and deteriorated
condition.
A road closure alternative is not feasible due to the lack of alternative routes in the
project vicinity.
D. Preferred Alternative
Alternative 3 is the Preferred Alternative. Alternative 3 will permanently realign the
bridge upstream from the existing structure. Alternative 3 was selected as the Preferred
Alternative because it is the least expensive alternative, it has the shortest construction
time (minimizing duration of disturbance around the creek), and it moves the bridge away
from Wilson Creek, which is designated a Wild and Scenic River.
The Division I 1 Engineer concurs with the selection of Alternative 3 as -the Preferred
Alternative.
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IV. ESTIMATED COSTS
The estimated costs, based on current prices, are shown in Table 1.
Table 1
Estimated Costs
Cost Item Alternative 1 Alternative 2 Alternative 3
(Preferred)
Structure Removal (existin) $12,900 $12,900 $12,900
Structure ro osed) $216,000 $216,000 $216,000
Detour Structure and A roaches $84,900 $84,900 N/A
Roadwa A roaches $148,600 $150,500 $167,600
Miscellaneous and Mobilization $117,600 $116,300 $109,500
Engineering and Contin encies $95,000 $100,000 $94,000
ROW /Construction
Easements/LJtilities $36,000 $35,000 $28,00
Total $711,000 $716,600 $628,500
The estimated cost of the project as shown in the 2004-2010 Transportation Improvement
Program is $930,000; including $40,000 for right-of--way and $650,000 for construction.
Right-of--way acquisition is scheduled for 2005, with construction to follow 2006.
V. NATURAL RESOURCES
Definitions for area descriptions used in this report are as follows: Project Study Area
denotes the area bounded by proposed construction limits; and Project Vicinity describes
an area extending 0.5 mile on all sides of the Project Study Area.
A. Methodology
Background research on soils, water resources, wetlands, protected species and other area
features was conducted prior to field investigations. Information sources used in this pre-
field investigation of the study area included:
US Geological Survey (USGS) quadrangle map (Grandfather Mountain and
Chestnut Mountain)
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• US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) National Wetland Inventory Map
(Grandfather Mountain and Chestnut Mountain)
• Natural Resources Conservation Service (MRCS, formerly the Soil Conservation
Service) soil maps
• NCDOT aerial photographs of project area (scale 1" = 100').
Water resource information was obtained from the following source:
• Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Division of Water Quality
(NCDWQ).
Infornlation concerning the occurrence of federal and state protected species in the study
area was gathered from the following sources:
• US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) website list of Caldwell County
Endangered Species, Threatened Species, and Federal Species of Concern
• NC Natural Heritage Program (NCNHP) database of rare species and unique
habitats.
General field surveys were conducted along the proposed alignment on May 22 and
November 9, 2001. Plant communities and their associated wildlife were identified and
recorded. Wildlife identification involved one or more of the following observation
techniques: active searching and capture, visual observations and identifying
characteristic signs of wildlife (sounds, scat, tracks and burrows).
Jurisdictional wetland determinations were performed using delineation criteria
prescribed in the Corps of Engineers Wetland Delineation Manual (Environmental
Laboratory, 1987).
Estimated impacts are derived using the construction limits shown on the functional
designs for each alternative. The estimated construction limits on the functional designs
were developed based on site visits, aerial photography, and USGS topographic mapping.
B. Physiography and Soils
The Project Study Area lies within the Mountain Physiographic Region. Steep, deeply
dissected slopes of the Blue Ridge Mountains characterize the topography in this section
of Caldwell County. However, topography within the Project Study Area is relatively
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,~
flat, with slight terraces created by past flooding. The existing bridge is at an elevation of
approximately 1,600 feet above mean sea level (msl).
One soil phase occurs within the Project Study Area: Potomac series, less than 4% slopes.
Potomac soils tend to be cobbly loamy sand, frequently flooded. They are not listed as
hydric soils.
The forest potential for Potomac soils is not listed, but the land capability is listed as Vw.
This indicates that the soils aze not likely to erode, but they have other limitations that aze
impractical to remove. Wetness can be a limiting factor for plant growth. (US
Department of Agriculture, 1976).
C. Water Resources
1. Waters Impacted
Lost Cove Creek is located in sub-basin 31 of the Catawba River Basin (03-08). The
replacement structure will be a three-span bridge with no bents in the creek. Therefore,
Lost Cove Creek and Wilson Creek will not be directly impacted by the proposed project.
With strict adherence to Best Management Practices (BMP), construction should not
impact Wilson Creek, which forms a confluence with Lost Cove Creek approximately
125 feet downstream of Bridge No. 3. Figure 4 shows Lost Cove Creek and Wilson
Creek in the Project Vicinity.
2. Water Resource Characteristics
Lost Cove Creek at Bridge No. 3 is approximately 45 feet wide, has an average depth of
one foot and is well-defined. The creek has a C3 Rosgen classification (meandering,
riffle/pool channel, with a cobble substrate). The drainage azea for Lost Cove Creek is
19.2 squaze miles.
Directly beneath the bridge, there is a lazge
(approximately 18 feet) concrete object with
protruding metal rods. Photograph 4 shows this
object. There are also several railroad ties embedded
in the stream. Just downstream of the bridge, there
are several planks embedded in the stream.
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Photograph 4: The object directly
below Bridge No. 3

Lost Cove Creek forms a confluence with Wilson Creek approximately 125 feet
downstream (east) of Bridge No. 3 (see Figure 4).
In 2000, Wilson Creek was designated a Wild and Scenic River from the headwaters
below Calloway Peak to the confluence with Johns River, which includes the area where
Lost Cove Creek forms its confluence with Wilson Creek. The design and
implementation of the proposed project will be coordinated with the United States Forest
Service (LJSFS) to ensure the qualities for which Wilson Creek was designated are
maintained.
The Wild and Scenic River classification is designed to protect "free flowing rivers or
segments with outstanding scenic, recreational, geologic, fish and wildlife, historic,
archaeological or other values" (NCDWQ). The designation does not stop development
and use of a river, but the USFS, which has jurisdiction over Wilson Creek, is charged
with creating a management plan to provide for the river's protection.
3. Best Usage Classification and Water Quality
Best Usas?e Classification. Streams are assigned a best usage classification by the
NCDWQ. The classification of Lost Cove Creek [Index No. 11-38-34-11] is C-Tr,
Outstanding Resource Waters (ORW). Class C uses include aquatic life propagation and
survival, fishing, wildlife, secondary recreation, and agriculture. The Tr supplemental
listing indicates that trout are present and care should be taken to protect waters for trout
propagation. ORW waters have been rated as outstanding by the NCDWQ and have an
outstanding resource value.
Creeks with an Outstanding Resource Water (ORW) listing have one or more of the
following resource values:
• Outstanding fish habitat or fisheries,
• Unusually high level of waterbased recreation,
• Some special designation such as State or National
Wild/Scenic/NaturaURecreational River, National Wildlife Refuge, etc.,
• Important component of state or national park or forest, or
• Special ecological or scientific significance (rare or endangered species habitat,
research or educational areas).
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Lost Cove Creek's listing as a trout water, location in the Pisgah National Forest, and
proximity to Wilson Creek (a National Wild and Scenic River), all contribute to its ORW
listing.
Water Quality Monitoring. The Benthic Macroinvertebrate Ambient Network
(BMAN) is managed by NCDWQ and is part of an ongoing ambient water quality
monitoring program that addresses long term trends in water quality. The program
assesses water quality by sampling for selected benthic macroinvertebrate organisms at
fixed monitoring sites. Some macroinvertebrates are sensitive to very subtle changes in
water quality; thus, the species richness and overall biomass of these organisms are
reflections of water quality. The nearest BMAN station to Bridge No. 3 is Wilson Creek,
into which Lost Cove Creek flows. The sampling location is approximately 300 feet
north-east of Bridge No. 3. Wilson Creek was sampled in 1991, and received a rating of
Excellent.
Because Lost Cove Creek has not been tested, it carries the same Use Support Rating as
Wilson Creek. T'he overall use support rating for Wilson Creek is Fully Supporting (FS).
This rating indicates the creek is capable of supporting activities indicated by its best
usage classification (class C-Tr, ORW).
NPDES Permitted Dischargers. There are four major NPDES permitted dischargers
and eleven NPDES minor dischargers in the subbasin. The project will not impact any of
these facilities.
Non-Point Source Dischargers. Non-point source dischargers also contribute to water
quality degradation in sub-basin 31. The major sources in the Catawba basin include;
agriculture (particularly cattle and swine), industrial runoff, and stormwater runoff.
4. Anticipated Impacts to Water Resources
Impacts to water resources can occur during construction. NCDOT, in cooperation with
NCDWQ, has developed a sedimentation control program for highway projects, which
adopts formal best management practices (BMPs) for the protection of surface waters.
The USFS will be sent final field inspection plans for any additional recommendations to
ensure that Wilson Creek, a Wild and Scenic River, is not impacted.
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5. Impacts Related to Bridge Demolition and Removal
Since the substructure and superstructure of the existing bridge are made of concrete,
there is a potential for some of this material to be dropped into Waters of the United
States during removal. The existing bridge is made up of 209 cubic yards of concrete
including both the superstructure and substructure. Therefore, a maximum of 209 cubic
yards of temporary fill could potentially be dropped into the water during removal.
Measures to minimize this potential are described below.
In order to protect the water quality and aquatic life in the area affected by this project,
the NCDOT and all potential contractors will follow appropriate guidelines for bridge
demolition and removal. These guidelines are presented in two NCDOT documents
entitled Pre-Construction Guidelines for Bridge Demolition and Removal and Policy:
Bridge Demolition and Removal in Waters of the United States (both documents dated
9/20/99). Guidelines for demolition and removal are in addition to those implemented for
Best Management Practices for the Protection of Surface Waters.
D. Biotic Resources
Biotic resources include aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. This section describes those
ecosystems encountered in the Project Study Area, as well as the relationships between
fauna and flora within these ecosystems.
Descriptions of the terrestrial systems are discussed in the context of plant community
classifications and follow descriptions presented by Schafale and Weakley (1990) where
possible. Scientific nomenclature and common names (when applicable) are provided for
each animal and plant species described. Plant taxonomy generally follows Radford, et
al. (1968). Animal taxonomy follows Martof, et al. (1980); Menhenick (1991); Potter, et
al. (1980); and Webster, et al. (1985). Subsequent references to the same organism
include the common name only. Fauna, or evidence of a particular faunal species,
observed during the site visit are denoted with an asterisk (*). Published range
distributions and habitat analysis were used in estimating fauna expected to be present
within the Project Study Area.
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J
1. Terrestrial Communities
As shown in Figure 4, four distinct terrestrial communities occur in the Project Study
Area: Piedmont/I.ow Mountain Alluvial Forest, Maintained/Disturbed, Residential, and
Tree Plantation. Community boundaries within the Project Study Area are generally well
defined, without a notable transition zone between them.
Piedmont/Low Mountain Alluvial Forest. There is extensive PiedmontlLow Mountain
Alluvial Forest surrounding the Project Study Area. This forest type tends to have a
highly variable flooding regime. Intermittent flooding during high flow periods drives
the hydrology of the alluvial forest. Periodic flooding provides nutrient input through
sediment deposition, making the system very productive. However, periodic flooding
can also be a destructive factor during large storm events by undercutting banks and
eroding soils. The area northwest of FR 981 is quite steep and is unlikely to experience
flooding. However, the species composition is the same as those in the Piedmont/I.ow
Mountain Alluvial Forest, so this area is included.
The canopy of the Piedmont/Low Mountain Alluvial Forest is composed of tag alder
(Alms serrulata), sycamore (Platanus occidentalis), horse chestnut (Aesculus
hippocastanum), black walnut (Juglans nigra), white pine (Pinus strobus), tulip poplar
(Liriodendron tulipifera), cherry (Prunus sp.), ironwood (Carpinus caroliniana), sugar
maple (Ater saccharum), and river birch (Betula nigra).
The shrub layer consists of saplings of the canopy species, eastern hemlock (Tsuga
canadensis), flowering dogwood (Corms Florida), American holly (Ilex opaca),
blackberry (Rubus sp.), and devil's-walking stick (Aralia spinosa).
Herbs in the area include common mullein (Verbascum thapsus), mint (Mentha sp.),
onion (Allium sp.), Jack-in-the-pulpit (Arisaema triphyllum), false nettle (Boehmeria
cylindrical), wingstem (Verbesina occidentalis), Japanese knotweed (Polygonum
cuspidatum), goldenrod (Solidago sp.), asters (Aster sp.), Christmas fern (Polystichum
acrostichoides), and common rush (Juncos effusus).
The vine layer consists of poison ivy (Toxicodendron radicans), grape (Vitis sp),
Japanese honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica), and Virginia creeper (Parthenocissus
quinquefolia).
Wildlife associated with this community type include: white-tailed deer* (Odocoileus
virginianus), gray squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis), opossum (Didelphis virginiana) and
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raccoon (Procyon lotor). Amphibians and reptiles likely to inhabit this habitat type
include the spring peeper (Hyla crucifer), and snake species such as the northern
copperhead (Agkistrodon contortrix mokasen), and the black rat snake (Elaphe obsoleta
obsoleta).
Avian species using the alluvial forest include the Carolina chickadee* (Pares
carolinensis), white throated sparrow* (Zonotrichia albicollis), pine siskin (Carduelis
pines), belted kingfisher (Megaceryle alcyon), northern parula (Parula americana), wild
turkey (Meleagris gallopavo), ruffed grouse (Bonasa umbellus), tufted titmouse (Pares
bicolor), red-eyed vireo (Vireo olivaceus), common flicker (Colaptes aerates), and
Carolina wren (Thryomanes bewickii).
Maintained/Disturbed. The Maintained/Disturbed community is mowed for utility
lines. The area appears to be mowed annually, and the area is dominated by grasses. The
shrub layer is very poorly developed. It consists of very small white pine saplings,
multiflora rose (Rosa multiflora), American holly, and privet (Ligustrum sp.). The herb
layer consists of goldenrod, asters, common mullein, galax (Galax urceolata), aloe (Aloe
sp.) and Indian strawberry (Duchesnea indica).
Wildlife associated with the other community types will use the Maintained/Disturbed
community. Species include: gray squirrel, white-tailed deer, opossum, Eastern cottontail
(Sylvilagus floridanus), and raccoon. Amphibians and reptiles likely to inhabit this
habitat type include the spring peeper and snake species such as the northern copperhead
and the black rat snake.
Avian species that use the Maintained/Disturbed area include the American crow*
(Corvus brachyrhynchos), chipping sparrow* (Spizella passerina), American robin*
(Turdus migratorius), pine siskin*, wild turkey, ruffed grouse, common bobwhite, white
throated sparrow, and Carolina wren.
Residential. The residential area is primarily vegetated with turf grasses. There are
numerous Eastern hemlock trees in the area.
Wildlife associated with the other community types will also use the residential area.
Species include: gray squirrel, white-tailed deer, opossum, and raccoon. Amphibians and
reptiles likely to inhabit this habitat type include the spring peeper, and snake species
such as the northern copperhead, and the black rat snake.
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f ~
Avian species that use the Residential area include the American crow, blue jay
(Cyanocitta cristata), chipping sparrow, American robin, pine siskin, white throated
sparrow, and Carolina wren.
Tree Plantation. Tree Plantation is not a community type identified in Schafale and
Weakley (1990). However, due to its unique characteristics, this area has been
categorized separately from the Maintained/Disturbed or Residential communities. This
area has turf grasses, American holly, and numerous flowering dogwoods planted in
rows.
Wildlife associated with the other community types will also use the Tree Plantation area.
Species include: gray squirrel, white-tailed deer, opossum, and raccoon. Amphibians and
reptiles likely to inhabit this habitat type include the spring peeper, and snake species
such as the northern copperhead, and the black rat snake.
Numerous avian species eat the berries of flowering dogwood, so a number of species
maybe expected to use the area. These include: white crowned span ow* (Zonotrichia
leucophrys), American crow, blue jay, chipping sparrow, American robin, pine siskin,
white throated sparrow, Carolina chickadee, tufted titmouse and Carolina wren.
2. Aquatic Communities
Lost Cove Creek. Physical characteristics of the water body and condition of the water
resource influence faunal composition of aquatic communities. Terrestrial communities
adjacent to a water resource also greatly influence aquatic communities.
Fauna associated with the Lost Cove Creek aquatic community include various
invertebrate and vertebrate species. The creek is known to support populations of brown
trout (Salmo trutta) and rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) (Haggard, Pers. Comm.).
Additional species include: central stoneroller (Campostoma anomalum), warpaint shiner
(Luxilus coccogenis), and fantail darter (Etheostoma flabellare) (Tracy, Pers. Comm.).
Invertebrates that will be present include crayfish (Family Cambaridae) and nymphal
stages of dragonflies and damselflies (Order Odonata). The bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana),
pickerel frog (R. palustris), snapping turtle (Chelydra serpentina), and northern water
snake (Nerodia sipedon) are common permanent residents in this community.
s-sslg 13
Categorical Exclusion
December 2004

Dearessional Pond. On the northeast side of the creek there is an old streambed.
Within this streambed, there is a small depressional pond of approximately 0.03 acres (20
feet by 60 feet). This pond will not be impacted by the project.
Fauna likely to inhabit this pond include various invertebrate species such as crayfish and
nymphal stages of dragonflies and damselflies. The bullfrog, pickerel frog, snapping
turtle, and northern water snake may also use this area.
3. Anticipated Impacts to Biotic Communities
a. Terrestrial Communities
Calculated impacts to biotic resources reflect the relative abundance of each community
present within the study area. Project construction will result in clearing and degradation
of portions of these communities. Table 2 summarizes potential quantitative losses to
these biotic communities resulting from Alternative 1 (temporary bridge upstream and
replace in place), Alternative 2 (temporary bridge downstream and replace in place), and
Alternative 3 (realignment upstream). Impacts were derived using the estimated
construction limits shown on the functional design for each alternative.
Table 2
AOt1P1TfA*Pf~ Tmnont~ t~ 72:.,t:.. !'~......r--_Sa:__

Community
Alternative 1 aaaaaa.a
Alternative 2
Alternative 3
(Preferred)
Piedmont/I.ow Mountain Alluvial
Forest (acres) 0 27 0 27 0.40
Maintained/Disturbed Community
(acres) 0.09 0.08 0.06
Residential (acres) 0 0 0.02
Lost Cove Creek (linear feet) 0 0 0
Wilson Creek (linear feet) 0 0 0
Total acres 0.36 0.35 0.48
linear feet 0 0 0
~.~.~. ,.,~ uupacW a~~vciaiea rvttn repiacmg the badge at its current location are included in
Alternative 1 and 2 impacts.
s-3sts 14
Categorical Exclusion
DecemUer 2004

r
As indicated in Table 2, the total area of impact for Alternatives 1 and 2 will be roughly
equal, while the impacts from Alternative 3 (Preferred Alternative) will be slightly
greater. The habitat impacted most will be the Piedmont/I.ow Mountain Alluvial Forest.
The impacts from Alternatives 1 and 2 will be temporary since the detour bridge will be
removed after the bridge is constructed and the area around the detour bridge will be
restored. Impacts from Alternative 3 will be permanent. Areas modified by construction,
but not paved, will become road shoulders and early successional or maintained/disturbed
habitat.
Plant communities found within the proposed project area serve as nesting and sheltering
habitat for various wildlife species. Due to the minimal size and scope of this project, it
is anticipated that impacts to fauna will be minimal.
b. Aquatic Communities
Aquatic communities are sensitive to even small changes in their environment. Stream
channelization, scouring, siltation, sedimentation and erosion from construction- related
work will temporarily affect water quality and biological constituents.
Impacts often associated with in-stream construction include increased channelization
and scouring of the streambed. In-stream construction alters the stream substrate and
may remove streamside vegetation at the site.
The removal of streamside vegetation and placement of fill material at the construction
site alters the terrain. Alterations of the streambank increase the likelihood of erosion and
sedimentation. Erosion and sedimentation carry soils, toxic compounds and other
materials into aquatic communities at the construction site. Revegetation stabilizes and
holds the soil, thus mitigating these processes. Revegetation will be completed as soon as
practicable after disturbance.
Implementation of guidelines and Best Management Practices for surface waters, trout
waters, waters classified as ORW, and bridge demolition and removal will result in no
notable losses to aquatic species or habitats.
B-3818 15
Categorical Exclusion
December 2004

E. Special Topics
1. Waters of the United States
Surface waters and wetlands fall under the broad category of "Waters of the United
States" as defined in Section 33 of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 328.3 and
in accordance with provisions of Section 404 of the Clean Water Act (33 U.S.C. 1344).
Waters of the United States are regulated by the US Army Corps of Engineers (USAGE).
Potential wetland communities were investigated pursuant to the 1987 Corps of
Engineers Wetland Delineation Manual (USCE, 1987). According to the three-parameter
approach outlined in the manual, hydric soils, hydrophytic vegetation and prescribed
hydrologic characteristics all must be present for an area to be considered a wetland. No
jurisdictional wetlands are present within the Project Study Area.
There is a small depressional pond approximately 60 feet by 20 feet northeast of the
project area. Soils within the pond are of a sandy consistency. There was no vegetation
growing in the pond. This area will not be impacted by construction activities.
Lost Cove Creek is a Jurisdictional Surface Water under Section 404 of the Clean Water
Act (33 USC 1344). Discussion of the biological, physical and water quality aspects of
Lost Cove Creek were presented in the Water Resources Section (under the Natural
Resources portion) of this report. Lost Cove Creek will not be directly impacted by the
proposed project.
2. Permits
a. Section 404 of the Clean Water Act
It is anticipated that this project will fall under Nationwide Permit 23 (33 CFR 330.5(a)),
which is a type of general permit. Nationwide Pemut 23 is relevant to approved
Categorical Exclusions. This permit authorizes activities, work, and discharges
undertaken, assisted, authorized, regulated, funded or financed in whole, or in part, by
another Federal agency and that the activity is "categorically excluded" from
environmental documentation because it is included within a category of actions which
neither individually nor cumulatively have a significant effect on the human environment.
Activities authorized under nationwide permits must satisfy all terms and conditions of
the particular permit.
s-3ais 16
Categorical Exclusion
December 2004

b. Section 401 Water Quality Certification
A Section 401 Water Quality Certification from the North Cazolina Division of Water
Quality (NCDWQ) is necessary for projects that require Section 404 Permits. Written
concurrence/notification is not always required by the State, and varies depending upon
the General Certification. If this project qualifies under Nationwide Permit 23, the
NCDWQ must be notified, however written concurrence from the NCDWQ is not
required.
c. Bridge Demolition and Removal
Since the substructure and superstructure of the existing bridge are made of concrete,
there is potential for some of this material to be dropped into Waters of the United States
during removal. Permitting will be coordinated such that any permit needed for bridge
construction will address issues related to bridge demolition. If the bridge is to be
removed in a fashion such that there is a practical alternative to dropping bridge
components into the water, that alternative shall be followed.
3. Buffer Rules
The Catawba River basin has buffer rules in effect. However, these rules only apply to
the mainstem of the Catawba River below Lake James and to mainstem lakes in the
Catawba River Basin, excluding wetlands. Therefore, Lost Cove Creek does not fall
under the jurisdiction of the Catawba River Basin Buffer Rules.
4. Avoidance
Bridge No. 3 will be replaced with athree-span bridge with no bents in Lost Cove Creek.
Therefore, impacts to Lost Cove Creek and Wilson Creek aze avoided.
5. Minimization
The Preferred Alternative (Alternative 3) minimizes the duration of construction neaz
Waters of the United States by replacing Bridge No. 3 just upstream of the existing
alignment without constructing a detow bridge. Utilization of BMPs will be used to
minimize impacts. No jurisdictional wetlands are present within the Project Study Area.
s-~s i s 17
Categorical Exclusion
December 20D4

6. Mitigation
The USACE has adopted, through the CEQ, a wetland mitigation policy which embraces
the concepts of "no net loss of wetlands" and sequencing. The purpose of this policy is to
restore and maintain the chemical, biological and physical integrity of Waters of the
United States, including wetlands. Mitigation of wetland impacts has been defined by the
CEQ to include avoiding impacts, minimizing impacts, rectifying impacts, reducing
impacts over time, and compensating for impacts (40 CFR 1508.20). Each of these three
aspects (avoidance, minimization and compensatory mitigation) must be considered
sequentially. There are no wetland impacts associated with this project. Mitigation is not
expected for any alternative.
The USACE usually requires compensatory mitigation for activities authorized under
Section 404 of the Clean Water Act if unavoidable impacts to waters of the United States
total more than 0.10 acre of wetlands or SOO linear feet of perennial and intermittent
streams.
The NCDWQ may require compensatory mitigation for activities authorized under
Section 401 of the Clean Water Act if unavoidable impacts to waters of the United States
total more than 0.10 acre of wetlands and/or 1 SO linear feet of perennial streams.
A final determination regazding mitigation requirements rests with the USACE and
NCDWQ.
F. Protected Species
Some populations of fauna and flora have been in, or are in, the process of decline either
due to natural forces or their inability to coexist with human activities.
1. Federally-Protected Species
Plants and animals with federal classifications of Endangered (E), Threatened (T),
Proposed Endangered (PE) and Proposed Threatened (PT) are protected under provisions
of Section 7 and Section 9 of the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended. Table 3
includes the federally protected species listed by the USFWS for Caldwell County as of
September 1, 2004. A brief description of each species' characteristics and habitat
follows.
B-3818 18
Categorical Exclusion
December 2004

Table 3
Federally-Protected Species for Caldwell County

Common Name
Scientific Name
Status Habitat in
Project
Stud Area
Invertebrates
Spruce-fir moss spider Microhexura montivaga Endangered No
Vascular Plants
Dwarf flowered heartleaf Hexastylis naniflora Threatened No
Heller's blazing star Liatris helleri Threatened No
Endangered species are in danger of becoming extinct throughout all or a significant portion of their
range.
Threatened species are likely to become endangered within the foreseeable future throughout all or a
significant portion of their range.
Spruce-fir moss spider - (Microhexura montivaga) - EndanEered
Family: Dipluridae
Date Listed: February 6, 1995
BIOLOGICAL CONCLUSION NO EFFECT
The Spruce-fir moss spider is 0.10 to 0.15 inches in diameter. It ranges from light brown
to yellow-brown to darker-reddish brown with no markings on its abdomen. The spider
can be most easily recognized by the chelicerae (mouthparts) that project beyond the
anterior edge of the carapace, a pair of long posterior spinnerets, and the presence of a
second pair of book lungs, appearing as light patches posterior to the genital furrow.
Preferred habitat for the spruce-fir moss spider is high mountain peaks at or above 5,400
feet msl. The spider has only been found in Fraser fir and red spruce forest communities,
in damp but well drained moss mats on well-shaded rock outcrops and boulders. The
most likely prey for the spiders is springtails (Class: collemboians) that also live in the
moss mats, but this has not been verified (USFWS North Carolina Ecological Services
website, http://nc-es.fws.gov/es/es.html).
The primary threat to the spruce-fir moss spider is thought to be the decline of the spruce-
fir forest communities. This forest community is being affected by the exotic balsam
wooly adelgid (Adelges piceae), which kills most Fraser firs where it is present. The
trees that survive are susceptible to wind throw. Atmospheric pollution is also thought to
kill the firs. Without the forest, the mats on which the spiders live dry out and die, as do
the spiders.
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Categorical Exclusion
December 2Ut}4

The habitat for the spruce-fir moss spider is not found in the Project Study Area. The
project elevation of 1,600 feet msl is well below the 5,400 feet elevation at which the
spiders are found. Additionally, the forest community is Piedmont/Low Mountain
Alluvial Forest, not the Fraser fir and red spruce communities common at higher
elevations. There are no moss covered boulders in the area. Project construction will not
affect the spruce-fir moss spider
Dwarf-flowered heartleaf - (Hexastvlis nanifloral -Threatened
Family: Birthwort
Date Listed: April 14, 1989
BIOLOGICAL CONCLUSION NO EFFECT
Dwarf-flowered heartleaf has the smallest flowers of any North American Hexastylis,
with most flowers less than 0.4 inches long. The sepal tubes are very narrow, never more
than 0.28 inches wide. The flowers are jug shaped and are most often beige to dark
brown, although they can be greenish or purplish. They bloom from mid March to early
June. The leaves are heart shaped, evergreen and leathery. Plant stalks originate from an
underground root.
The habitat for the dwarf-flowered heartleaf is not found within the Project Study Area.
A review of the NC Natural Heritage Program database of rare species and unique
habitats revealed no records of the plant within the Project Study Area. Additionally, the
soil type in the Project Vicinity is Potomac, which is not listed as one of the soil types in
which dwarf-flowered heartleaf grows best. No Hexastylis plants were observed in a
search of the area during the site visit on May 22, 2001, when the plant would have been
in bloom, nor on November 9, 2001. Project construction will not affect the dwarf-
flowered heartleaf.
Heller's blazing star - (Liatris helleril-Threatened
Family: Aster
Date Listed: November 19, 1987
BIOLOGICAL CONCLUSION NO EFFECT
Heller's blazing star is a perennial herb with a showy spike of lavender flowers. The
flowers are 2.8 to 7.9 inches long, arising from a tuft of pale green basal leaves 0.4 to
0.6 inches wide. The plant can be differentiated from other Liatris species by a shorter
pappus (generally half the length of the corolla tube or less), ciliate petioles, internally
B-3818 ~ 20
Categorical Exclusion
December 2004

pilose corolla tubes and a lower, stockier habit. Heller's blazing star flowers from July
through August, with fruits present from September through October.
The habitat for the Heller's blazing star is not found in the Project Study Area. Heller's
blazing star is restricted to elevations between 3,500 and 6,000 feet (Virginia Tech Fish
and Wildlife Information Exchange website, http://fwie.fw.vt.edu/WWW/
esis/lists/e704049.htm), well above the project elevation of 1,600 feet. Additionally,
Heller's blazing star is a pioneer species unlikely to live in dense forest conditions as is
present in the project vicinity. No plants were found during site visits on May 22 or
November 9, 2001. Project construction will not affect the Heller's blazing star.
2. Federal Species of Concern
There are sixteen Federal Species of Concern (FSC) listed for Caldwell County. Federal
Species of Concern are not afforded federal protection under the ESA and are not subject
to any of its provisions, including Section 7, until they are formally proposed or listed as
Threatened or Endangered. Federal Species of Concern are defined as those species that
may or may not be listed in the future. These species were formally candidate species, or
species under corisideration for listing for which there was insufficient information to
support a listing of Endangered, Threatened, Proposed Endangered or Proposed
Threatened.
Table 4 lists Federal Candidate, the species state status and the existence of suitable
habitat for each species in the Project Study Area. This species list is provided for
information purposes, as the status of these species may be upgraded in the future.
B-3818 21
Categorical Exclusion
December 2004

Table 4
Federal Species of (:nneern fFC(''1 fnr [''.~l.~.n,on r,,,,,,+„
Common Name Scientific Name State Status Habitat
Vertebrates
Alle an woodrat Neotoma ma ister SC Yes
Southern Appalachian black-
ca ed chickadee
Pares atricapillus practices
SC
No
Southern Appalachian red
crossbill Loxia curvirostra SR No
Southern Appalachian saw-
whet owl
Aegolius acadicus
SC
Yes
Southern Appalachian
ellow-bellied sa sucker Sphyrapicus varies
a alaciensis
NL
-
Invertebrates
Diana fritillary butterfl S e eria diana SR Yes
Edmund's snaketail
dra onfly
Ophiogomphus edmundo
SR
Yes
Mar arita River skimmer Macromia mar arita SR Yes
Vascular Plants ' `
Fraser Fir Abies raseri NL -
Mountain bittercress Cardamine clematitis C Yes
Bent avens Geum eniculatum T Yes
Butternut Ju laps cinerea NL -
Gra 's lil Lilium ra i T-SC No
Sweet inesa Monotro sis odorata C Yes
Ri arian vervain Verbena ri aria C NK
A liverwort Plagiochila sullivantii var.
sullivantii C No
C =Candidate species are very rare in North Carolina and/or throughout their range. These are species
whose fate depends largely on their conservation in North Carolina. If present land trends continue,
candidate species are likely to be listed as Endangered or Threatened.
NK =Habitat not known
NL =Not Listed
SC = SiQnifieant Concern species are "Any species of plant in North Carolina which requires monitoring
but which may be collected and sold under regulations adopted under the provisions of [the Plant
Protection and Conservation Act]" (GS 19B 106:202.12).
SR = Sienificantly Rare species are very rare in North Carolina. They are generally more common in
other parts of their range.
T =Threatened species that are likely to become endangered through all or a portion of its range.
No specimen found in Caldwell County in SO years.
Directed surveys for these species were not conducted during the site visit, nor were any
of these species observed.
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Categorical Exclusion
December 2004

VI. CULTURAL RESOURCES
A. Compliance Guidelines
This project is subject to compliance with Section 106 of the National Historic
Preservation Act of 1966, as amended, and implemented by the Advisory Council on
Historic Preservation's Regulations for Compliance with Section 106, codified as 36 CFR
Part 800. Section 106 requires Federal agencies to take into account the effect of their
undertakings (federally-funded, licensed, or permitted) on properties included in or
eligible for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places and to afford the
Advisory Council a reasonable opportunity to comment on such undertakings.
B. Historic Architecture
All structures within the Project Study Area and surroundings were photographed, and
later reviewed by the NCDOT architectural historians with the State Historic Preservation
Office (HPO). In a concurrence form dated May 17, 2001 the State Historic Preservation
Officer (SHPO) concurred there are no historic architectural resources either listed or
eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places within the Area of Potential
Effects. A copy of the concurrence form is included in the Appendix.
C. Archaeology
The State Historic Preservation Officer (SHPO), in a memorandum dated June 7, 2001,
stated "There are no recorded archaeological sites within the proposed project area. If the
replacement is to be located along the existing alignment, it is unlikely that significant
archaeological resources would be affected and no investigations would be
recommended. If, however, the replacement is to be in a new location, please forward a
map to this office indicating the location of the new alignment so we may evaluate the
potential effects of the replacement upon archaeological resources." A map of the
Preferred Alternative was forwarded to the SHPO. A copy of the SHPO memorandum is
included in the Appendix.
An archaeological survey was conducted in the Project Study Area in September 2004.
As a result of the survey, one archaeological site was found but recommended as not
eligible for the National Register of Historic Places. )•n the survey report, no further
archaeological work is recommended for any of the alternatives proposed for this project.
In a memorandum dated December 8, 2004, the SHPO concurred with the
s-3sls 23
Categorical Exclusion
December 2004

recommendation in the survey report "since the project will not involve significant
archaeological resources." A copy of the SHPO memorandum is included in the
Appendix.
VII. OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
Summary. The project is a Federal "Categorical Exclusion" due to its limited scope and
lack of substantial environmental consequences. The project is expected to have an
overall positive impact. Replacement of an inadequate bridge will result in safer traffic
operations. The bridge replacement will not have an adverse effect on the quality of the
human or natural environment with the implementation of current NCDOT standazds and
specifications. On the basis of information included in this document, it is concluded that
no substantial adverse environmental effects will result from implementation of the
project.
Land Use Planning. The project is not in conflict with any plan, existing land use, or
zoning regulation. No change in land use is expected to result from construction of the
project.
Community Services and Facilities. No adverse effects on public facilities or services
are anticipated. The project is not expected to adversely affect social, economic, or
religious opportunities in the area. None of the alternatives require an offsite detour;
therefore, school bus or emergency vehicle service should not be disrupted.
Relocations. Right of way acquisition will be limited. No relocatees are expected with
implementation of the proposed alternative, nor aze adverse impacts on families or
communities anticipated.
Utilities. Existing utilities within the immediate project study area include an overhead
electrical line crossing NC 90 at the south end of the bridge and an overhead telephone
line immediately downstream and pazallel to the bridge. All utility providers will be
contacted and coordinated with to ensure that the proposed design and construction of the
project will not disrupt service.
Section 4(t7 Resources. There are no publicly owned pazks, recreational facilities, or
wildlife and waterfowl refuges of national, state, or local significance in the vicinity of
the project. This project does not require right-of--way acquisition or easement from any
land protected under Section 4(f) of the Department of Transportation Act of 1966.
B-3818 24
Categorical Exclusion
December 2004

Air Oualitv. This project is an air quality "neutral" project. Therefore, it is not required
to be included in the regional emission analysis and a project level CO analysis is not
required.
The project is located in Caldwell County, which has been determined to be in
compliance with the National Ambient Air Quality Standards. 40 CFR Part 51 is not
applicable, because the proposed project is located in an attainment area. This project is
not anticipated to create any adverse effects on the air quality of this attainment area. If
vegetation is disposed of by burning, all burning shall be done in accordance with
applicable local laws and regulations of the North Carolina SIP for air quality in
compliance with 15 NCAC 2D.0520.
This evaluation completes the assessment requirements for air quality (1990 CAAA and
NEPA) and no additional reports are required.
Noise. Because traffic volumes will not increase or decrease because of this project and
there are no noise sensitive receptors located in the immediate area of this project, no
noise impacts attributable to this project are expected:
Noise levels could increase during construction, but this increase will be temporary.
Heavy construction equipment and blasting operations (if required) will generate noise
and vibration. Noise generated by construction equipment, including trucks, graders,
bulldozers, concrete mixers, and portable generators can reach noise levels of 67 dBA to
98 dBA at a distance of 50 feet.
NCDOT specifications require the contractor to limit noise levels to 80 dBA Leq in noise
sensitive areas adjacent to the project. The NCDOT may also monitor construction noise
and require abatement where limits are exceeded. The NCDOT also can limit work that
produces objectionable noise during normal sleeping hours.
This evaluation completes the assessment requirements for highway traffic noise
(23 CFR Part 772) and no additional reports are required.
Hazardous Materials. Afield reconnaissance survey was conducted in the vicinity of
the existing bridge. A file search at the North Carolina Department of Environmental and
Natural Resources, Division of Environmental Management, Groundwater Section and
the NC Dept of Human Resources, Solid Waste Management Section was conducted to
identify any known problem sites along the proposed project alignment. No underground
B-3818 2$
Categorical Exclusion
December 2004

storage tank facilities or hazardous waste sites are known to be present in the Project
Study Area.
Prime and Important Farmland. The Farmland Protection Policy Act requires all
federal agencies or their representatives to consider the potential impacts to prime and
important farmland soils by all land acquisition and construction projects. Prime and
important farmland soils are defined by the United States Department of Agriculture
Natural Resources Conservation Service (USDA NRCS). An assessment was completed
using Form AD 1006 to determine if the project's impact on Prime and Important
Farmland will require consideration of mitigation. This project was not submitted to
NRCS for land evaluation due to the low site assessment criteria score. The completed
form is included in the Appendix.
Floodplains. Caldwell County is a participant in the National Flood Insurance Regular
Program. The project site on Lost Cove Creek is located in a designated flood hazard
zone. The proposed replacement is not anticipated to increase the extent of upstream
flood hazard. There are no practical alternatives to crossing the floodplain. All
reasonable measures will be taken to minimize harm to the floodplain. A copy of the
Flood Insurance Rate Map (see Figure 5) shows the approximate limits of the 100-year
floodplain in the vicinity of the project.
Geodetic Survey Markers. No geodetic survey markers will be impacted.
Environmental Justice. In compliance with Executive Order 12898 (Federal Actions to
Address Environmental Justice in Minority Populations and Low Income Populations) a
review was conducted to determine whether minority orlow-income populations would
receive disproportionately high and adverse human health or environmental impacts as a
result of this project. The investigation determined the project will not disproportionately
impact any minority or low-income populations.
VIII. AGENCY COORDINATION
Local, state, and federal agencies were contacted to provide technical assistance in
identifying the key issues and potential impacts associated with the proposed project with
scoping letters mailed on June 1, 2001.
B-3818 26
Categorical Exclusion
December 2004

Agency Comments
Agency comments are summarized below. Letters from the commenting agencies are
included in the Appendix.
Caldwell County Office of Emergency Services
Comments:
"Caldwell County EMS recommends temporary on-site detour at project. Residents who live
north west beyond the bridge will be isolated to normal emergency responses. "
Response: The Preferred Alternative will allow traffic to remain on the existing bridge
until the new bridge is constructed.
North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission
Comment:
`First class trout waters with wild populations of brown and rainbow trout present in both Lost
Cove Creek and downstream in Wilson Creek. The area is designated Public Mountain Trout
Water. We will require a trout moratorium from Oct. 1 S`~ -April 1 S`~. We request that High
Quality Sedimentation and Erosion Control Measures be used due to the DWQ water quality
classification of ORW (Outstanding Resource Waters). "
Response: See Green Sheet for commitments.
B-3818 27
Categorical Exclusion
December 2004

xc ~o Bnmc~ xo.~
OVER LOST COVE CREEK FIGURE 1
CALDWELL COUNTY
"NORTH CAROLINA TTP NO.
DEPARTMENT OF PROJECTTION
TRANSPORTATTON 8-3818

Utility Impacts: No jurisdictional impacts will occur due to utility relocations.
Project Schedule: The project currently has a let date of January 15, 2008 and a review date of
December 4, 2007.
BRIDGE DEMOLITION:
Bridge No. 3 is composed entirely of concrete, there is no practical way to remove the bridge without
dropping components into the Lost Cove Creek. After demolition, the components of the bridge will
be picked up and disposed of at an offsite location. Best Management Practice's for Bridge
Demolition and Removal will be followed in addition to Best Management Practices for the
Protection of Surface Waters. Bridge demolition, or other in-water work, will not occur during the
trout moratorium between October 15 to April 15.
FEDERALLY-PROTECTED SPECIES
Plants and animals with federal classifications of Endangered, Threatened, Proposed Endangered,
and Proposed Threatened are protected under provisions of Section 7 and Section 9 of the
Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended. As of January 27, 2007 the US Fish and Wildlife
Service (FWS) lists five federally protected species for Caldwell County (Table 1). A habitat
analysis assessment was conducted for the Virginia big-ear bat on April 19, 2006. The project
contains foraging habitat for the Virginia big-ear bat, however no roosting habitat is available.
Therefore, the biological conclusion for the Virginia big-ear bat is "No Effect." The bog turtle is
listed as threatened due to similarity of appearance and therefore does not require a biological
conclusion. A biological conclusion of "No Effect" has been reached for all other federally
protected species in the attached CE. All biological conclusions in the CE remain valid.
Table 1. Federall -Protected S ecies for Caldwell Coun
Common Name Scientific Name Federal Habitat Biological
Status Analysis Conclusion
Virginia big-eared Corynorhinus E Foraging No Effect
bat townsendii virginianus
Bog Turtle Clemmys T(S/A) No Not Required
muhlenbergii
Spruce-fir moss Microhexura T No No Effect
s ider montiva a
Dwarf-flowered Hexastylis naniflora T No No Effect
heartleaf
Heller's blazing Liatris helleri T No No Effect
star
AVOIDANCE AND MINIMIZATION:
The NCDOT is committed to incorporating all reasonable and practicable design features to avoid
and minimize jurisdictional impacts, and to provide full compensatory mitigation of all remaining,
unavoidable jurisdictional impacts. Avoidance measures were taken during the planning and NEPA
compliance stages; minimization measures were incorporated as part of the project design and
include:
• Best Management Practices for the Protection of Surface Waters and Best Management
Practices for Bridge Demolition and Removal will be followed.
• The new structure will completely span Lost Cove Creek and no bents will be placed in the
water.

• The Project will adhere to Design Standards in Sensitive Watersheds.
• An in stream work and land disturbance moratorium within the 25-foot wide buffer zone are
prohibited during the brown, brook, and rainbow trout spawning season of October 15 through
April 15, to protect the egg and fiy stages of trout from off-site sedimentation during
construction.
• The US Forest Service was provided a copy of the field inspection plans on March 28, 2005 to
ensure that Wilson Creek will not be impacted by the proposed project.
MITIGATION
Proposed project impacts are temporary, therefore no mitigation is proposed.
REGULATORY APPROVALS
Section 404 Permit: This project has been processed by the Federal Highway Administration as a
"Categorical Exclusion" in accordance with 23 CFR 771.115(b). The NCDOT requests issuance of a
Nationwide Permit 23 to authorize the impacts described above and in the CE from bridge
demolition.
Section 401 Permit: We anticipate 401 General Certification number 3403 will apply to this project.
All general conditions of the Water Quality Certifications will be met. No written concurrence is
required. Therefore, in accordance with 15A NCAC 2H, Section .0500(a) and 15A NCAC 2B.0200
we are providing two copies of this application to the North Carolina Department of Environment
and Natural Resources, Division of Water Quality, for their notification.
This project is located in a trout county, therefore comments from WRC will be requested prior to
authorization by the Army Corps of Engineers. By copy of this letter and attachment, NCDOT
hereby requests WRC review and that WRC forward their comments to the Corps of Engineers and
NCDOT within 30 calendar days of receipt of this application.
Thank you for your assistance with this project. If you have any questions or need additional
information, please contact Brett Feulner at [e-mail] or [phone].
A copy of this permit application will be posted on the DOT website at:
http: //www.ncdot.orb,[doh/preconstruct/pe/neu/permit.html.
Sincerel
~,
~/ Gregory J. Thorpe, Ph.D.
`_ Environmental Management Director, PDEA
w/attachment
Mr. John Hennessy, NCDWQ 2 Copies Ms. Marla Chambers, NCWRC
Ms. Marella Buncick, USFWS Dr. David Chang, P.E., Hydraulics
Mr. Victor Barbour, Project Services Unit Mr. Mark Staley, Roadside Environmental
Mr. Greg Perfetti, P.E., Structure Design Mr. Michael A. Pettyjohn, P.E. Div. 11 Engineer
Mr. Heath Slaughter, Div. 11 Environmental Officer
w/o attachment
Mr. Jay Bennett, P.E., Roadway Design Ms. Stacy Oberhausen, P.E., PDEA
Mr. Majed Alghandow, P. E., Programming and TIP Mr. Scott McLendon, USACE, Wilmington
Mr. Art McMillan, P.E., Highway Design

NC 90
Bridge No. 3 over Lost Cove Creek
Caldwell County
Federal-Aid Project No. BRZ-90(1)
State Project No. 8.1731601
WBS No. 33271.1.1
TIP No. B-3818
CATEGORICAL EXCLUSION
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION
AND
NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
DIVISION OF HIGHWAYS
APPROVED: ~,^,
2 / ~ w~~
~v
DATE y~y Gregory Thorpe, h. D., Environmental Management Director
Project Development and Environmental Analysis Branch, NCDOT
%~Zz~a
D TE John F. Sullivan, III, PE
Division Administrator, FHWA

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1110RT1~ CAROI.I111A TIP 1110. ALTERNATIVE 1
DEPART11~1E111T OF T~Mpp~y
TRA111SPORTATl0111 8-3818 REALIG~~iE11 ~T
NC 90 BRIDGE 1'~O.3 011 tE UPLASNE~DETOI
OVER' LOST COME CREEK EPHASE ~~
CALDWELL COU11~T1' F1~GURE 3a

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DEFARTME11tT OF
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NORTH cAROrrNA TrP No.
DEPARTME11tT OF
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NC 90 BRIDGE NO.3
OVER LOST COVE CREEK
CALDWELL CDU11 tTY
ALTERNATIVE 2
T~~roRARY
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DOWNSTR~9M
ONE LANE DETOUR
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FIGURE 3c

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NORTH CAROLINA TIP NO.
DEPARTMENT OF
TRANSPORTATION 8-3818
11~C 9D BRIDGE 11 t0.3
OVER LOST COVE CREEK
CALDWELL COUNTY
ALTERNATIVE 3
(PREFERP1tED AL NT ~ TI VET
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FIGURE 3d

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11i'ORTH CAROLINA TIP 1110. BIOTIC COMMUNITIES
DEPARTMENT OF AND ALTER11~gT~VE 3
TRA11 tSPORTATlON 8-3818 ~p~FFRi~ED ALT E~R~gTI ~~
NC 90 BRIDGE N0.3
OVER LOST COVE CREEK
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XORTH CAROLINA TIP KO.
DEPARTMENT OF FEMA FLOOD
TRA11fSPORTATlON B-3818 ~P
NC 90 BRIDGE N0.3
OVER LOST COVE CREEK FIGURE S
CALDWELL COUNTY

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North Carolina Department of Cultural Resources
State Historic Preservatioa Office
David L. S. Brook, Administrator
Michael F. Easley, Governor
Lisbeth C. Evans, Secretary
June 7, 2001
Suzanna Spence
PBS&J
3214 Spring Forest Road
Raleigh, NC 27616
Division of Archives and History
Jeffrey ). Crow, Director
Re: Bridge replacement, TIP No. B-3518, Cald~rell County, ER 01-9494
Dear Ms. Spence: .
We have received infotmadon shout the above project.
We have conducted a search of our maps and files and have located the following structure of historical or
architectural importance within the general area of project:
Edgemont Baptist Church, east side of NC 90 at junction with SR 1328
Edgemont Hotel, east side of NC 90 at junction with SR 1328
We recommend that an architectural historian evaluate this site to determine if it is eligible for listing in the
National Register of Historic Places.
"there are no recorded archaeological sites within the proposed project area. If the replacement is to be located
along the existing alignment,. It is unlikely that significant azchaeological resources would be affected and no
investigations would be recommended. If, however, the replacement is to be in a new location, please forward a
map to this office indicating the location of the new alignment so we may evaluate the potential effects of the
replacement upon archaeological resources.
The above comments are made pursuant to Section 106 of National Historic Preservation Act and Advisory
Council on Historic Preservation's Regulations for Compliance with Section 106 codified at 36 CFR Part 800.
Thank you for your cooperation and consideration. If you have questions concerning the above comments, please
contact Renee Gledhill-Earley, environmental review coordinator, at 919-733-4763.
Sincerely,
David Brook
Deputy State Historic Preservation Officer
cG Mary Pope Fun, NCDOT
~v-~- ~~ ~~--iocaboa--~-- Mailing Address TelephonelFax
Administration 507 N. Blount St, Raleigh, NC 4617 Mail Service Center. Raleigh 27699-4617 [phone].733-8653
Rertontion 51 S N. Blount S2, Raleigh , NC 4613 Mail Service Center, Raleigh 27699.4613 [phone].715.4801
Survey & Planoin; S1 S N. Blount St, Raleigh, NC 4618 Mail Scrvia Center. Raleigh 27699-4618 1919) 733.4763.715-4801

Federal Aid # BRZ-(90)1 TIP # B-3818 County: Caldwell
CONCURRENCE FORM FOR PROPERTIES NOT ELIGIBLE FOR
THE NATIONAL REGISTER OF ffiSTORIC PLACES
Project Description: Replace Bridge No. 3, Edgemont
On 5/i7/Ol, representatives of the
Noah Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT)
^ decal Highway Administration (FHWA)
North Carolina State Historic Preservation Office (HPO)
^ Other
Reviewed the subject project at
^ Scoping meeting
^~ Historic architectural resources photograph review session/consultation
Other
All parties present agreed
^ There are no properties over filly years old within the project's area of potential effects.

[1]. There are no properties less than fifty years old which are considered to meet Criteria Consideration G within the
project's area of potential effects.
There are properties over fifty years old within the project's Area of Potential Effects (APE), but based on the
historical information available and the photographs of each property, the properties identified as
Procerty No. 1 and Bridge No. 3 are considered not eligible for the National Register and no
further evaluation of them is necessary.
~~~ There are no National Register-listed or Study Listed properties within the project's area of potential effects.
^~ All properties greater than 50 yeah of age located in the APE have been considered at this consultation, and based
upon the above concurrence, ail compliance for historic architecture with Section 106 of the National Historic
Preservation Act and GS 121-12(a) has been completed for this project.
There are no historic properties affected by this project (Attach arty notes or documents as Weeder!)
Signed:
FHWA, for the
I al
Dat
~/y ~,
Administrator, or other Federal Agency Date

Represe tive, HPO Date
~`111..~ r
1~~;~~; ~//~/D1
State Historic Preservation Officer
If a survey report is prepared, a final copy of this form will tx included.

~R~o
~e ~'~ .
~~l~~~
Michael F. Easley, Governor
Lisbeth C. Evans, Secretary
Jeffrey J. Crow, Deputy Secretary
December 8, 2004
MEMORANDUM
Office of Archives and History
Division of Historical Resources
David Brook, Director
~ F C~!/
~~
T'O: Gregory Thorpe, Ph.D., Director :-:
"r~ w:
Project Development and Environmental Analysis Branch ~'r;r
NCDOT Division of Highways !'c<yC
T
PROM: Peter B. Sandbeck r~' ~~,~_
SUBJECT: Bridge 3 on NC 90 Replaceme dwell County, ER 01-9494
:•; _.. ,-
' ~,,..
Thank you for your letter of October 1, 2004 transmitting the archaeological survey report by URS
Corporation for the above project
Doting the course of the survey one site was located within the project area. The report authors have
recommended that no further archaeological investigation be conducted in connection with this project VCe
concur with this recommendation since the project will not involve sigaificant archaeological resources.
The above comments are made pursuant to Section l Ob of the National Historic Preservation Act and the
Advisory Council on Historic Preservation's Regulations for Compliance with Section 106 codified at 36 CPR
Part 800.The above comments are made pursuant to Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act
and the Ad~~isory Council on Historic Preservation's Regulations for Compliance with Section 106 codified at
36 CFR Part 800.
Thatik you for your cooperation and consideration. If you have questions concerning the above comment,
please contact Renee Gledhill-Earley, environmental review coordinator, at 919/733-4763. In all future
communication concerning this project, please cite the above-referenced tracking number.
err - '~ __ .. T
Daniel Cassedy, URS Corporation
North Carolina Department of Cultural Resources
State Historic Preservation Office
Peter B. Sandbeck, Adminimator
l.oeotion MaBitrs Addre>s Telephone(Fox
AD~11N15fRAT10N 507 N. Blount Street, Raleigh NC 4617 Moil Service Ce~ner, Rokigh NC 27699-46t? [phone]x33-8(153
RESTORATION S 1 S N. Blount Street, Raleigh NC 4617 Moil Service Center, Raleigh NC 2?699-461? [phone],^.15.4801
SURVEY dr PLANNING 515 N. Bkrunt Street, Raleigh, NC 4(il? Mail Service Center, Raleigh NC 27699-4617 (919)733-65451715801

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE NRCS-CPA-106
NaWrel Resourwe Censervalbn Service taw./-st)
FARMLAND CONVERSION IMPACT RATING
FOR CORRIDOR TYPE PROJECTS
PART I (To be completed by Faders! Agencyj 3. Date of land va ustion Request
sn.ar r a~_
1. Name of Projea &3818 5. Federal Ayeney Involved
Federal Hl hwa Administration
2. Type of Project Bridge Replacement B• CO1a'h' and She Caldweli~ North Carolina
~" ' .
PART !l-~~~~~~~- ~ , ~~
r-~ ~ ~ ~ ,
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3 ~ i ~!tetr~t~~~
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...
PART IIl (To be completed by Federal Agency) s-rzarnatrv e rrorrroor ror s egment:
CorAdor A Corridor B Corridor C Corridor 0
A. Total Acres To Be Converted Directl
8. Total Aare To 8e Cornerted Indiroclly, Or To Receive Services
C. Total Aces In Corridor O O O
1:+` ~i'.1~"a~~~i~~'d ~,~rJe(3rl~tfarQ~ r
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PART VI (To be oompietid by Federal AgsneYl Corridor 1Aaximum
Assessment Crlbrla (These criteria are explained M 7CFR BSB.s(cj) Points
t. Area in Nontuban use t5 15 15 15
2. Perimeter in Nonurbart Use 10 10 10 10
3. Percent Ot Con'idor Being Farmed ZO 0 0 O
4. Protectbrt Provided By State And Local l3ovemment 20 0 O O
5. Size of Present Farm Utdt Com red To Average 10 0 0 0
6. Croefion OI Noniatmabla Farmland 2S 0 0 0
7. AvailebAl Or Farm S rt Servbes S 5 5 5
8. On-Farm Investments 20 0 0 0
9. Eneas or conversion on Farm Su services 2s 0 0 0
10. Compab'bUity With Etclating /lgriculturel Use 10 0 0 0
TOTAL CORRIDOR ASSESSMENT POINTS 160 30 3O 3p 0
PART VII fTo be completed by Fedora/Agency)
Relative Value Of Farmland (From Part V) 7p0
ToW Corridor Assessment (From Part VI strove or a bcal sits
assessment) tE0 30 30 30 0
TOTAL POINTS (Total of above 2 lines) 260
~ ~ 30 0
1. Conldor elected: 2. otat Aaes of Fannlends to be 3. Date D< 3eMdlon: 4. Was A Local Site Assessment Used?
Converted by ProJer:k
YES ^ NO
o. Wesson ror serewat:
VgttetiXe Person pletMtg s alt: GATE
NOTE: Complete a form for each segmerrt with more than one Alternate Corridor

_ _ ~ North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission ~'
Charles R. Fu11R•ood, Executive Director
TO: Ron Elmore
Project Engineer, NCDOT
FROM: ~ Maryellen Haggard, Highway Proje Coordinator
Habitat Conservation Program ~~ ~ ~~
DATE: June 27, 2001
SUBJECT: NCDOT Bridge Replacements in Buncombe, Burke, Caldwell, Cherokee,
Davidson, Haywood, Jackson, and Madison counties of North Carolina. TIP Nos.
B-4033, B-3814, B-3818, B-3826, B-3834, B-4095, B-3854, B-3859, B-3860, and
B-4184
Biologists with the N. C. Wildlife Resources Commission (NCWRC) have reviewed the
information provided and have the following preliminary comments on the subject project. Our
comments are provided in accordance with provisions of the National Environmental Policy Act
(42 U.S.C. 4332(2xc)) and the Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act (48 Stat. 401, as amended; 16
U.S.C. 661-667d).
On bridge replacement projects of this scope our standard recommendations are as
follows:
1. We generally prefer spanning structures. Spanting structures usually do not require
work within the stream and do not require stream channel realignment. The horizontal
and vertical clearances provided by bridges allows for human and wildlife passage
beneath the structure, does not block fish passage, and does not block navigation by
canoeists and boaters.
2. Bridge deck drains should not discharge directly into the stream.
3. Wet concrete should not be allowed to contact stream water. This will lessen the
chance of altering the stream's water chemistry and causing a fish kill.
4. If possible, bridge supports (bents) should not be placed in the stream.
5. If temporary access roads or detours are constructed, they should be removed back to
original ground elevations immediately upon the completion of the project. Disturbed
~taiiin~ Atidress: Dirisicm•_,i Inland Fisheries • t T31 ~9aii Sen•icc Center • Ralei~~h. NC _'7h~)~)-;'_
Telcph,~ne: ~~ <<~l ' i i-.~t, ±? i>a. ~~ ~ • {'1l': ~) ~ X11 't j_'(il i

~:
Bridge Memo ~ ~ 2 -~~~ Juae 27, 2001
areas should be seeded or mulched to stabilize the soil and native tree species should
be planted with a spacing of not more thaw 10'x10'. ff possible, when using temporary
structures the area should be cleared but not grubbed. Clearing the area with chain
saws, mowers, bush-hogs, or other mechanized equipment aad leaving the stumps and
root mat intact, allows the area to revegetate naturally and minimizes disturbed soil.
b. A clear bank (riprap free) area of at least 10 feet should remain on each side of the
stream underneath the bridge.
7. In trout waters, the N.C. Wildlife Resources Commission reviews all U.S. Army
Corps of Engineers nationwide and general `404' permits. We have the option of
requesting additional measures to protect trout and trout habitat and we can
recommend that the project require an individual `404' permit.
8. In streams that contain threatened or endangered species, NCDOT biologist Mr. Tim
Savidge should be notified. Special measures to protect these sensitive species may be
required. NCDOT should also contact the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service for
information on requiremerrts of the Endangered Species Act as it relates to the project.
9. In streams that are used by anadromous fish, the NCDOT official policy entitled
"Stream Crossing Guidelines for Anadromous Fish Passage (May 12, 1997)" should
be followed.
10. In areas with significant fisheries for sunfish, seasonal exclusions may also be
recommended.
11. Sedimentation and erosion control measures sufficient to protect aquatic resources
must be implemerned prior to any ground disturbing activities. Structures should be
maintained regularly, especially following rainfall events.
12. Temporary or permanent herbaceous vegetation should be planted on all bare soil
within 15 days of ground disturbing activities to provide long-term erosion control.
13. All work in or adjacent to stream waters should be conducted in a dry work area.
Sandbags, rock berms, cofferdams, or other diversion structures should be used
where possible to prevent excavation in flowing water.
14. Heavy equipmern should be operated from the bank rather than in stream channels in
order to minimize sedimentation and reduce the likelihood of introducing other
pollutarns into streams.
15. Only clean, sediment-free rock should be used as temporary fill (causeways), and
should be removed without excessive disturbance of the natural stream bottom when
construction is completed.
16. All mechanized equipment operated near surface waters should be regularly
inspected and maintained to prevent contamination of stream waters from fuels,
lubricants, hydraulic fluids, or other toxic materials.

Bridge Memo 3 June 27, 2001
If corrugated metal pipe arches, reinforced concrete pipes, or concrete box culverts are
used:
i . The culvert must be designed to allow for fish passage. The culvert or pipe invert
should be buried at least 1 foot below the natural streambed. The installation of the
culvert or pipe should insure that all waters flow without freefalling or damming on
either end during low flow conditions. ffculverts are long, notched baffles should be
placed in reinforced concrete box culverts at 15 foot intervals to allow for the
collection of sediments in the culvert, to reduce flow velocities, and to provide resting
places for fish and other aquatic organisms moving through the structure.
2. When two pipes aze installed, only the lower pipe should be buried 12" into the
substrate so that all base flows continue uni~errupted in the lower pipe during normal
and low flow conditions to maintain aquatic life passage. The bottom of the second
pipe should be pieced at grade or at banidull elevation. The second pipe should
remain dry during normal flows to allow for wildlife passage. Where disrupted,
natural floodplain benching should be restored upstream and downstream of the
second, "dry", pipe.
3. Culverts or pipes should be situated so that no channel realignment or widening is
required. Widening of the stream channel at the inlet or outlet of structures usually
causes a decrease in water velocity causing sediment deposition that will require future
maintenance.
4. Riprap should not be placed on the streambed.
In most cases, we prefer the replacement of the existing structure at the same location
with road closure. ifroad closure ~is not feasible, a temporary detour should be designed and
located to avoid wetland impacts, minimize the need for clearing and to avoid destabilizing
stream banks. if the structure will be on a new alignmerrt, the old structure should be removed
and the approach fills removed from the 100-year floodplain. Approach fills should be removed
down to the natural ground elevation. The azea should be stabilized with grass and planted with
native tree species. If the area that is reclaimed was previously wetlands, NCDOT should restore
the azea to wetlands. If successful, the site may be used as wetland mitigation for the subject
project or other projects in the watershed.
Project specific comments:
1. B-4033 -Buncombe County -Bridge No. 85 over Hominy Creek. We have no specific
comments. We are not aware of any threatened of endangered species in the project vicinity.
2. B-3814 -Burke Coumy -Bridge No. 56 over Canoe Creek. Canoe Creek at the bridge
replacement is in a desrgnated water supply watershed. NCDOT should adhere to strict
erosion control measures.
3. B-3818 -Caldwell County -Bridge No. 3 over Lost Cove Creek. First class trout waters
with wild populations of brown and rainbow trout present in both Lost Cove Creek and
downstream rn Wilson Creek. The azeaSs designate! Public Mournain Trout Water. We will
require a trout moratorium from Oct. 15 - Apnl 15 We request that H'igh' Quality

.,. ~`"
. 4 ro . ~
Bridge Memo ~_~ 4 ~~- ~~ June 27, 2001 ,
Sedimentation and Erasion Control Measures be used due to the DWQ water quality
classificsition of ORW (Outstanding Resource Waters).
4. B-3 826 -Cherokee County -Bridge No. 166 over Bates Creek. The upper portion of Bates
Creek is on gamelands and is designated wild trout. Trout are also likely below the bridge
replacement. We will require a trout moratorium from Oct. 15m -April 15s`. NCDOT should
adhere to strict erosion control measures.
5. B-3 834 -Davidson County -Bridge No. 156 over Hanks Creek. No comment.
b. B-4095 -Davidson County -Bridge No. 130 over Abbotts Creek. This Creek flows into
High Rock Lake. Abbott Creek supports a diverse fishery including Largemouth bass,
redbreast sunfish, bluegill, channel catfish, and crappie. White Bass make a seasonal spring
runup the creek to spawn. We request that ITigh Quality Sedimentation and Erosion Control
Measures be used due to the DWQ water quality classification of WS-III CA.
7. B-3854 -Haywood County -Bridge No. 329 over Jonathon Creek. Jonathon Creek is
designated hatchery supported water. Therefore, Brook, Brown and Rainbow Trout will be
present. We will require a trout moratorium from Oct. I Ss' -April 15a`. NCDOT should
adhere to strict erosion control measures.
8. B-3859 -Jackson County -Bridge No.138 over Pressley Creek. The upper section of a
tributary to Pressley Creek is on game lands and supports wild trout. The lower end of
Presley also supports wild trout. Hatchery supported water begins at the confluence with
Cullowhee Creek It looks like this bridge is actually over Tilley Creek. Tilley Creek is
considered trout waters. We will require ~a trout moratorium from Oct. 15a` -April 1 Sa'.
NCDOT should adhec+e to strict erosron control measures.
9. B-3860 -Jackson County -Bridge No. 33 over Buff Creek. Upper sections of the ca-eek
support wild trout. The lower section is designated Hatchery Supported. We wdl require a
trout moratorium from Oct. 1 Sm Apri115'u. NCDOT should adhere to strict erosion control
measures.
10. B-4184 -Madison Courrty -Bridge No. 4 over Ivy River. We have no specific comments.
We arc not aware of any threatened of endangered species in the project vicinity.
We request that NCDOT routinely minirtize adverse impacts to fish and wildlife
resources in the vicinity of bridge replacements. The NCDOT should install and maintain
sedimentation control measures throughout the life of the project and preverrt wet concrete from
contacting water in or entering into these streams. Replacement of budges with spanning
structures of some type, as opposed to pipe or box culverts, is recommended in most cases.
Spanning structures allow wildlife passage along streambanks, reducing habitat fragmentation
and vehicle related mortality at highway crossings.
ffyou need further assistance or information on NCWRC concerns regarding bridge
replacements, please contact me at [phone]. Thank you for the opportunity to review and
comment on these projects.

CALDWELL COUNTY
Office of Emergenry Services
blb West Ave., NW/PO Box 2200
Lenoit, NC 28645-2200
.,~c'•
Z~
J~~~
Dak Bradshaw
Emergcaey Medical Servkes
Director
(aze)-~-ups
~~,1vE0
4
June 8, 2001
2401
~~ s..~
f
Mr . William Gilmore ~ ~~ `'~%. "' ~ Q`
pv~ ~ :i1rV~C7^~
Project Development and Environmental Analysis i=i;*A~~~
N.C. Department of Transportation
1548 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, N. C. 27699-1548 ~, _ ?,4 ~ Q
.- C U
Dear Mr . Gilmore
SUBJECT: Replacement of Bridge ik3 located on NC 90
I appreciate the opportunity to provide input regarding
local impact of bridge closure. Caldwell County EMS
recommends temporary on-site detour at project. Residents
who live north west beyond the bridge will be isolated to
normal emergency responses. All vehicles will have to
travel a.considerable distance to gain access to the area.
Our agency will request mutual aid response from Avery
County Emergency Services during road closure, Also the
project completion schedule of {2) years further supports
the need for on-site detour. Your assistance is greatly
appreciated. If I can be of further assistance please
contact me at 828-757-1278.
Sincerely,
~~~ ~~ ~~
Dale Bradshaw
EMS Director
a=
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C,aldarsN County doss rat dnrci+e iminats an the trash at race. Color, national on/pri, ss+c. ralpion, cps or disability in snraloymenl a tda po»sion d aarvius.

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