WQ0000020 Aville Arpt 401 404 Permitting Oct 2007-Aug 2008

W A 9QG Michael F.Easley,Governor
William G.Ross Jr.,Secretary
co r North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Coleen H.Sullins,Director
ram•
Division of Water Quality
August 22, 2008
Mr. David N. Edwards, Jr. AUG 2 5 2008
Asheville Regional Airport Authority
61 Terminal Drive, Suite 1
WATER QUALITY SECTION
Fletcher, NC 28732 ASHEVILLE RF�_C`;ONAL OFFICE
Re: Asheville Regional Airport Expansion, Buncombe County
DWQ #20071841, Ver. 2; USACE Action ID. No. 2007-03766-311
Ut to French Broad River [040302, 6-(54.5), B]
APPROVAL of 401 Water Quality Certification with Additional Conditions - REVISED
Dear.Mr. Edwards:
Attached hereto is a copy of Certification No. 3753 issued to Mr. David N. Edwards, Jr. and
Asheville Regional Airport Authority, dated August 22, 2008. This Certification replaces the
Certification issued to you on August 12, 2008. In addition,you should get any other federal,
state or local permits before you go ahead with your project including(but not limited to) Solid
Waste, Sediment and Erosion Control, Stormwater, Dam Safety,Non-discharge and Water
Supply Watershed regulations.
If we can be of further assistance, do not hesitate to contact us.
�. Si ly
Coleen H. Sullins
CHS/cbk/Um
Attachments: Certificate of Completion
NCDWQ 401 WQC Summary of Permanent Impacts and Mitigation Requirements
cc: Becky Fox, EPA, 1307 Firefly Road, Whittier, NC 28789
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Asheville Regulatory Field Office, Wilmington District, USACOE
Kevil% Barnet;D'VDQ'Ahlle�'Reional ®ffice
D Asheville Regional Off ce _
File Copy
Central Files
Craig Wyant, CWS, Inc., 550 Westinghouse Boulevard, Charlotte,NC 28273
Filename:071841ver2Ashevill eRegionalAirportExpansi on(Bu n com be)401_IC_Revised
No thCarolina
401 Oversight/Express Review Permits Unit Rtl�Cll��l�
1650 Mail Service Center,Winston-Salem,North Carolina 27699-1650
2321 Crabtree Boulevard,Suite 250,Winston-Salem,North Carolina 27604
Phone: [phone]/FAX [phone]/Internet:http://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/ncwetlands
An Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer—50%Recycled/10%Post Consumer Paper

Mr. David N. Edwards, Jr. at____;heville Regional Airport Authority.
Page 2 of 2
:<f August 22,2008
NORTH CAROLINA 401 WATER QUALITY CERTIFICATION
THIS CERTIFICATION is issued in conformity with the requirements of Section 401 Public
=� Laws 92-500 and 95-217 of the United States and subject to the North Carolina Division of Water
Quality(DWQ) Regulations in 15 NCAC 2H, Section .0500 to Mr. David N. Edwards, Jr. and
Asheville Regional Airport Authority, to fill or otherwise impact 0.359 acres of 404/wetland and
1,535 linear feet of perennial stream and 138 linear feet of intermittent stream, to construct the
proposed Asheville Regional Airport expansion, which is located at 61 Terminal Drive, in
Fletcher, Buncombe County, North Carolina,pursuant to a revised application dated May 1, 2008
and received by the DWQ on May 6, 2007, and additional information received on June 16, 2008,E
and July 9, 2008.
The application and supporting documentation provides adequate assurance that the ro osed
work will not result in a violation of applicable Water Quality Standards and discharge p guidelines. Therefore, the State of North Carolina certifies that this activity will not violate the
applicable portions of Sections 301, 302, 303, 306, 307 of PL 92-500 and PL 95-217 if
conducted in accordance with the application, the su
'Z' hereinafter set forth. pporting documentation, and conditions
This approval is only valid for the purpose and design submitted in the application materials and
:1 as described in the Public Notice. If the project is changed,
-i b prior to notification a new
_j application for a new Certification is required. If the property is sold, the new owner must be
given a copy of the Certification and approval letter and is thereby responsible for complying
with all conditions of this Certification. Any new owner must notify the Division and request the
Certification be issued in their name. Should wetland or stream fill be requested in the future,
additional compensatory mitigation may be required as describe
in
and (7)• If any plan revisions from the approved site plan result n a change in tream0 w'or etl)and
impact or an increase in impervious surfaces, the DWQ shall be notified in writing and a new -..
application for 401 Certification may be required. For this approval to be valid, compliance with
the conditions listed below is required.'
Conditions of Certification:
1. Impacts Approved
The following impacts are hereby approved as long as all of the other specific and
general conditions of this Certification(or Isolated Wetland Permit) are met. No other
impacts to wetlands, streams, and/or buffers, are approved including incidental'impacts:
"Stream
act Amount Approved nits
0.359(acres) Plan Location or Reference
nial) 1,535 (linear feet) A lication
mittent) 138 (linear feet) A lication
Application

Mr. David N.Edwards,Jr. and Asheville " -ional Airport Autnorny.
Page 3 of 3
August 22,2008
Sediment and Erosion Control:
2. Erosion and sediment control practices must be in full compliance with all specifications
governing the proper design, installation and operation and maintenance of such Best
Management Practices in order to protect surface waters standards:
a. The erosion and sediment control measures for the project must be designed,
installed, operated, and maintained in accordance with the most recent version of the
North Carolina Sediment and Erosion Control Planning and Design Manual.
b. The design, installation, operation, and maintenance of the sediment and erosion
control measures must be such that they equal, or exceed, the requirements specified
in the most recent version of the North Carolina Sediment and Erosion Control
Manual. The devices shall be maintained on all construction sites, borrow sites, and
waste pile (spoil)projects, including contractor-owned or leased borrow pits
associated with the project. __-
c. Sufficient materials required for stabilization and/or repair of erosion control
measures and stormwater routing and treatment shall be on site at all times.
3. No waste, spoil, solids, or fill of any kind shall occur in wetlands, waters, or riparian areas
beyond the footprint of the impacts depicted in the 404/401Permit Application. All
construction activities, including the design, installation, operation, and maintenance of
sediment and erosion control Best Management Practices, shall be performed so that no
violations of state water quality standards, statutes, or rules occur,
4. Sediment and erosion control measures shall not be placed in wetlands or waters without
prior approval from the Division. If placement of sediment and erosion control devices in
wetlands and waters is unavoidable, design and placement of temporary erosion control
measures shall not be conducted in a manner that may result in dis-equilibrium of wetlands = '
or stream beds or banks, adjacent to or upstream and down stream of the above structures.
All sediment and erosion control devices shall be removed and the natural grade restored
within two (2) months of the date that the Division of Land Resources or locally delegated
program has released the project;
5. Protective Fencing - The outside buffer, wetland or water boundary and along the
construction corridor within these boundaries approved under this authorization shall be
clearly marked with orange warning fencing (or similar high visibility material) for the
areas that have been approved to infringe within the buffer, wetland or water prior to any
land disturbing activities;,
Continuing Compliance:
6. Mr. David N. Edwards, Jr. and Asheville Regional Airport Authority shall conduct
construction activities in a manner consistent with State water quality standards
(including any requirements resulting from compliance with section 303(d) of the Clean
Water Act) and any other appropriate requirements of State law and federal law.. If the
Division determines that such standards or laws are not being met(including the failure
to sustain a designated or achieved use) or that State or federal law is being violated, or

Mr.David N.Edwards,Jr, an( teville Regional Airport Authority.
Page 4 of 4
August 22,2008
., that further conditions are necessary to assure compliance, the Division may reevaluate
and modify this Certification to include conditions appropriate to assure compliance with
such standards and requirements in accordance with 15A NCAC 2H.0507(d). Before
modifying the Certification, the Division shall notify Mr. David N. Edwards, Jr. and
Asheville Regional Airport Authority, and the US Army Corps of Engineers, provide
public notice in accordance with 15A NCAC 2H.0503 and provide opportunity for public
hearing in accordance with 15A NCAC 2H.0504. An new or revised co
nditions onditions shall be
provided to Mr. David N. Edwards, Jr. and Asheville Regional Airport Authority in
writing, shall be provided to the United States Army Corps of Engineers for reference in
any Permit issued pursuant to Section 404 of the Clean Water Act, and shall also become
conditions of the 404 Permit for the project;
>j Miti ation:
7. Compensatory Mitigation Using the Ecosystem Enhancement Program (EEP)
Mitigation must be provided for the proposed impacts as specified in the table below. We
i
understand that you wish to make a payment to the Wetlands Restoration Fund
administered by the NC Ecosystem Enhancement Program(EEP) to meet this mitigation
requirement. This has been determined by the DWQ to be a suitable method to meet the
mitigation requirement. Until the EEP receives and clears your check (made payable to:
DENR—Ecosystem Enhancement Program Office), no impacts specified in this
Authorization Certificate shall occur. The EEP should be contacted at [phone] if
you have any questions concerning payment into a restoration fund. You have 60 days
from the date of this approval to make this payment. For accounting purposes, this
Authorization Certificate authorizes payment into the Wetlands Restoration Fund
to meet the following compensatory mitigation requirement:
NIm ct Com ensator Miti ation Re uired River and Sub-basin Number
( erennial) 1,535(linear feet) French Broad/06010105
8. Construction Stormwater Permit NCGO10000
Upon the approval of an Erosion and Sedimentation Control Plan issued by the Division
of Land Resources (DLR) or a DLR delegated local erosion and sedimentation control
program, an NPDES General stormwater permit(NCGO10000) administered by DWQ is
automatically issued to the project. This General Permit allows stormwater to be
discharged during land disturbing construction activities as stipulated by conditions in the
permit. If your project is covered by this permit [applicable to construction projects that
disturb one (1) or more acres], full compliance with permit conditions including the
sedimentation control plan, self-monitoring, record keeping and reporting requirements
are required. A copy of this permit and monitoring report forms may be found at
http:Ah2o.enr.state.nc us/su/Forms Documents htm.;
9. Stormwater Management Plan Implementation Procedures (No Further Approval Needed)
• The approved SMP must be constructed and operational.before any permanent
building or other structure is occupied at the site. If a development is phased, then the

Mr.David N.Edwards,Jr. and As'-- ',le Regional Airport Authority.
Page 5 of 5
August 22,2008
approved SMP for each future phase must be constructed and operational before any
permanent building or other structure associated with that phase is occupied.
• The approved SMP as well as drainage patterns must be maintained in perpetuity.
• The SMP may not be modified without prior written authorization from the SMP
approval,authority. If the SMP falls under another state stormwater program,then a
copy of the approval letter and the modified SMP must be submitted to the 401
Oversight/Express Unit prior to the commencement of the modifications.
10. Culvert Installation
All work in or adjacent to stream waters shall be conducted in a dry work area. Approved
BMP measures from the most current version of NCDOT Construction and Maintenance
Activities manual
(http•//www ncdot or /g doh/operations/BMP manual/download/BMP Manual.pdf)
such as sandbags, rock berms, cofferdams and other diversion structures shall be used to
prevent excavation in flowing water.
Culverts required for this project shall be installed in such a manner that the original stream
profiles are not altered. Existing stream dimensions (including the cross section
dimensions, pattern, and-longitudinal profile) must be maintained above and below
locations of each culvert. Culverts shall be designed and installed to allow for aquatic life
movement as well as to prevent head cutting of the streams. If any of the existing pipes are
or become perched,the appropriate stream grade shall be re-established or, if the pipes
installed in a perched manner,the pipes shall be removed and re-installed correctly.
Culvert(s) shall,not be installed in such a manner that will cause aggradation or erosion of
the stream up or down stream of the culvert(s). Existing stream dimensions (including the
cross section dimensions, pattern and longitudinal profile) shall be maintained above and
below locations of each culvert.
Placement of culverts and other structures in waters, streams, and wetlands must be placed
below the elevation of the streambed by one foot for all culverts with a diameter greater
than 48 inches, and 20 percent of the culvert diameter for culverts having a diameter less
than 48 inches,to allow low flow passage of water and aquatic life. Design and placement
of culverts and other structures including temporary erosion control measures shall not be
conducted in a manner that may result in dis-equilibrium of wetlands or.streambeds or
banks, adjacent to or upstream and down stream of the above structures. The applicant is
required to provide evidence that the equilibrium shall be maintained if requested in writing
by DWQ.'
The establishment of native, woody vegetation and other soft stream bank stabilization
techniques must be used where practicable instead of rip rap or other bank hardening
methods. If rip-rap is necessary, it shall not be placed in the stream bed, unless specifically
approved by the Division of Water Quality.
Installation of culverts in wetlands must ensure,continuity of water movement and be
designed to adequately accommodate high water-or flood conditions.

Mr.David N. Edwards, Jr. and Asl le Regional Airport Authority.
Page 6 of 6
August 22,2008
Upon completion of the project, the Applicant shall complete and return the enclosed
"Certificate of Completion" form to notify NCDWQ when all work included in the §401
Certification has been completed. The responsible party shall complete the attached form
and return it to the 401/Wetlands Unit of the NC Division of Water Quality upon
completion of the project. Please send photographs upstream and downstream of each
culvert site to document correct installation along with the Certificate of Completion form.
11. Deed Notifications
Deed notifications or similar mechanisms shall be placed on all retained jurisdictional
wetlands, waters and protective buffers in order to assure compliance for future wetland,
water and buffer impact. These mechanisms shall be put in place at the time of recording
of the property, or of individual lots, whichever is appropriate. A sample deed
notification can be downloaded from the 401/Wetlands Unit web site at
http://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/ncwetlands. The text of the sample deed notification may be
modified as appropriate to suit to this project.
12. All setbacks in the non-discharge requirements shall be adheared to. (ie: no waste ash fill
over waters.)
13. Certificate of Completion
Upon completion of all work approved within the 401 Water Quality Certification or
applicable Buffer Rules, and any subsequent modifications, the applicant is required to
return the attached certificate of completion to the 401 Oversight/Express Review
Permitting Unit,North Carolina Division of Water Quality, 1650 Mail Service Center,
Raleigh,NC, 27699-1650.
Also, this approval to proceed with your proposed impacts or to conduct impacts to waters
as depicted in your application shall expire upon expiration of the 404 or CAMA Permit.
If this Certification is unacceptable to you, you have the right to an adjudicatory hearing upon
written request within sixty(60) days following receipt of this Certification. This request must be
in the form of a written petition conforming to Chapter 150B of the North Carolina General
Statutes and filed with the Office of Administrative Hearings, 6714 Mail Service Center,
Raleigh,N.C. 27699-6714. If modifications are made to an original Certification, you have the
right to an adjudicatory hearing on the modifications upon written request within sixty (60) days
following receipt of the Certification. Unless such demands are made, this Certification shall be
final and binding.
This.thewSullins
st 2008
DI UALITY
�Coleen
3753
CHS/cbk/ijm

�QF W A r, 9 Michael F.Easley,Governor
William G.Ross Jr.,Secretary
Cq North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
• �� Coleen H.Sullins,Director
Division of Water.Quality
Nx 1LL
North Carolina Division of Water Quality
401 Water Quality Certification
Summary of Permitted Impacts and Mitigation Requirements
In accordance with 15A NCAC 2H.0500,Mr. David N. Edwards,Jr. and Asheville Regional Airport Authority,
have permission as outlined below to fill or otherwise impact 0.359 acres of 404/wetland and 1,535 linear feet of
perennial stream and 138 linear feet of intermittent stream,to construct the proposed Asheville Regional Airport
expansion at the site,which is located at 61 Terminal Drive,in Fletcher,Buncombe County,North Carolina. All
activities associated with these authorized impacts must be conducted with the conditions listed in the attached
Permit transmittal letter. THIS CERTIFICATION IS NOT VALID WITHOUT THE ATTACHMENTS.
COMPENSATORY MITIGATION REQUIREMENTS,ECOSYSTEM ENHANCEMENT PROGRAM
NC EEP NAME Asheville Airport Expansion
DWQ PROJECT#: 20080656
LOCATION: Fletcher
COUNTY Buncombe
BASIN/SUB BASIN French Broad/06010105
As required by 15A NCAC 2H.0500, and the conditions of this Certification,you are required to compensate for
the above mitigable impacts through the restoration, creation,enhancement or preservation of wetlands,surface
waters and riparian buffers as outlined below prior to conducting any activities that impact or degrade the'waters of
the state.
Note: Acreage requirements proposed to be mitigated through the Ecosystem Enhancement Program must be
rounded to one-quarter acre increments and linear foot requirements must be rounded up to the nearest
foot according to 15 2R.0503(b).
Impacts Mitigation
1,535 Linear Feet of Perennial Stream 1,535 Linear Feet of Perennial Stream
One of the options you have available to.satisfy the compensatory mitigation requirement is through the payment of
a fee to the Wetlands Restoration Fund per NCAC 2R.0503. If you choose this option,please sign this form and
mail the form along with a copy of your 401 Certification or Buffer Approval to the Ecosystem Enhancement
Program at the address below. An invoice for the appropriate amount of payment will be sent to you upon receipt
of this form. PLEASE NOTE,THE ABOVE IMPACTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED UNTIL YOU RECEIVE
NOTIFICATION THAT YOUR PAYMENT HAS BEEN PROCESSED BY THE ECOSYTEM ENHANCMENT
PROGRAM.
Signature Date
ECOSYSTEM ENHANCEMENT PROGRAM
1652 Mail Service Center
RALEIGH,N.C.27699-1652
[phone]
Filename: 071841 Ver2AshevilleRegionalAirportExpansion(Buncombe)401—IC—EEP
North Carolina
401 Oversight/Express Review Permitting Unit �lfCl7��lJ
1650 Mail Service Center,Raleigh,North Carolina 27699-1650
2321 Crabtree Boulevard,Suite 250,Raleigh,North Carolina 27604
Phone[phone]/ Fax[phone]
Internet: http://www.ncwaterquality.org
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Certification of Completion
DWQ Project No.: County:
Applicant:
Project Name:
Date of Issuance of Wetland Permit:
Certificate of Completion
Upon completion of all work approved within the 401 Water Quality Certification and Buffer Rules, and any
subsequent modifications, the applicant is required to return this certificate to the 401 Oversight/Express Permitting Unit,
North Carolina Division of Water Quality, 1650 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, NC, 27699=1650. This form may be
returned to-DWQ by the applicant, the applicant's authorized agent, or the project engineer. It is not necessary to send
certificates from all of these.
Applicant's Certification
1, , hereby state that, to the best of my abilities, due care and diligence was
used in the observation of the .construction such that the construction was observed to be built within substantial
compliance and intent of the. 401 Water Quality Certification and Buffer Rules, the approved plans and specifications,
and other supporting materials.
Signature: Date:
Agent's Certification
hereby,state that, to the best of my abilities, due care and diligence was
used in. the observation- of the construction .such that the construction was observed to be built within. substantial
compliance and intent of the 401 Water Quality Certification and Buffer Rules,the approved plans and specifications,
and other supporting materials.
Signature: Date: ;
If this project.was designed by.a Certified Professional
I, as a duly registered Professional (i.e., Engineer,
Landscape Architect, Surveyor, etc.) in the State of North Carolina, having been authorized to observe (periodically,
weekly, full time) the construction of the project; for the Permitee hereby state that, to the best of my abilities,.due care
and diligence was used in the observation of the construction such that the construction was observed to be built within
substantial.compliance and..intent of the 401 Water Quality Certification and Buffer Rules, the approved.plans and. ..,
specifications, and other supporting materials.
Signature: Registration No. Date

\NATFQ Michael F.Easley,Governor
`O G William G.Ross Jr.,Secretary
7 North Carolina Department-of•EnvironrrTe''tif'aiidNatur`a1'Res. . .
c es
A -
Coleen H.Sullins 'rector
iyon-f aFer uality
August 12, 2008
Mr. David N. Edwards, Jr. AUG 14 2008
Asheville Regional Airport Authority -
61 Terminal Drive, Suite 1 VvATER QUALITY SECTION
Fletcher,NC 28732 ASHEVILLE REGIONAL OFFICE
Re: Asheville Regional Airport Expansion, Buncombe Cgi_j _. ,_._._-
DWQ #20071841, Ver. 2; USACE Action ID. No. 2007-03766-311
Ut to French Broad River [040302, 6-(54.5), B]
APPROVAL of 401 Water Quality Certification with Additional Conditions
Dear Mr. Edwards:
Attached hereto is a copy of Certification No. 3753 issued to Mr. David N. Edwards, Jr.'and
Asheville Regional Airport Authority, dated August 12, 2008. In addition, you should get any
other federal, state or local permits before you go ahead with your project including (but not
limited to) Solid Waste, Sediment and Erosion Control, Stormwater, Dam Safety, Non-discharge
and Water Supply Watershed regulations.
If we can be of further assistance, do not hesitate to contact us.
Sin ly,
Coleen H. Sullins
CHS/cbk/ijm
Attachments: Certificate of Completion
NCDWQ 401 WQC Summary of Permanent Impacts and Mitigation Requirements
cc: Becky Fox, EPA, 1307 Firefly Road, Whittier,NC 28789
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Asheville Regulatory Field Office, Wilmington District, USACOE
K"em,i i u afnetf;DWQ Ashe�il-le Regional Office
DLR Asheville Regional Office
File Copy
Central Files
Craig Wyant, CWS, Inc., 550 Westinghouse Boulevard, Charlotte,NC 28273
Filename:071841 Ver2AshevilleRegionalAirportExpansion(Buncombe)401_IC
North Carolina
401 Oversight/Express Review Permits Unit Naturally
1650 Mail Service Center,Winston-Salem,North Carolina 27699-1650
2321 Crabtree Boulevard,Suite 250,Winston-Salem,North Carolina 27604
Phone: [phone]/FAX [phone]/Internet:htto:Hh2o.enr.state.nc.us/ncwetlands
An Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer-50%Recycled/10%Post Consumer Paper

Mr. David N.Edwards,Jr. aiwftsheville Regional Airport Authority.
Page 2 of 2
August 12,2008
NORTH CAROLINA 401 WATER QUALITY CERTIFICATION
THIS CERTIFICATION is issued in conformity with the requirements
Laws 92-500 and 95-217 of the United States and subject to the North Carolinaof Section 401 Public
_ Quality(DWQ) Regulations in 15 NCAC 2H, Section .0500 to Mr. David N. Division of Water
Asheville Regional Airport Authority, to fill or otherwise impact 0.359 acres o Edwards, Jr. and
1,535 linear feet of perennial stream and 138 linear feet of intermittent stream,
f 404/wetland and
proposed Asheville Regional Airport expansion, which is located at 61 Terminal construct the
Fletcher, Buncombe County, North Carolina, pursuant to a revised a 1 Drive, in
and received by the DWQ on May 6, 2007, and additional information received
dated May 1, 2008,
and July 9, 2008. eid on June 16, 2008,
The application and supporting documentation provides adequate assurance
7 the
work will not result in a violation of applicable Water Quality Standards andthat di charproposed
guidelines. Therefore, the State of North Carolina certifies that this activityge
applicable portions of Sections 301, 302, 303, 306, 307 of PL 92-500 and L ill not violate the
lication the su 95-217 if
conducted in accordance with the a pp pporting documentation, and conditions
hereinafter set forth.
This approval is only valid for the purpose and design submitted in the application
as described in the Public Notice. If the project is changed, cmaterials and
application for a new Certification is required. If the property prior to notification a new
given a copy of the Certification and approval letter and thereby responsible for com 1 tine
with all conditions of this Certification. Any new owner must notify the Division and request th
Certification be issued in their name. Should wetland or stream fill be requested in the future e
additional compensatory mitigation may be required as described in 15A NCAC 2H .0506 h
an (7). If any plan revisions from the approved site plan result in a change in stream or wetland
impact or an increase in impervious surfaces, the DWQ shall be notified ( ) (6)
application for 401 Certification may be required.- For this approval to be valid, comp ance with
the conditions listed below is required. h
Conditions of Certification:
1. Impacts Approved
The following impacts are hereby approved as long as all of the other specific _
general conditions of this Certification (or Isolated Wetland Permit) are met No other L
impacts to wetlands, streams,T e of Im act and/or buffers, are approved including incidental impacts:
Amount A roved nits
404/Wetland 0.359(acres) Plan Location or Reference
Stream(perennial) 1,535 (linear feet) A lication
Stream(intermittent) 138(linear feet) A lication
A cation

Mr. David N. Edwards,Jr. and Asl "le Regional Airport Authority.
Page 3 of 3
August 12,2008
Sediment and Erosion Control:
2. Erosion and sediment control practices must be in full compliance with all specifications
governing the proper design, installation and operation and maintenance of such Best
Management Practices in order to.protect surface waters standards:
a. The erosion and sediment control measures for the project must be designed,
installed, operated, and maintained in accordance with the most recent version,of the
North Carolina Sediment and Erosion Control Planning and Design Manual.
b. The design, installation, operation, and maintenance of the sediment and erosion
control measures must be such that they equal, or exceed, the requirements specified
in the most recent version of the North Carolina Sediment and Erosion Control
Manual. The devices shall be maintained on all construction sites, borrow sites, and
waste pile (spoil)projects, including contractor-owned or leased borrow pits
associated with the project.
c. Sufficient materials required for stabilization and/or repair of erosion control
measures and stormwater routing and treatment shall be on site at all times.
3. No waste, spoil, solids, or fill of any kind shall occur in wetlands, waters, or riparian areas
beyond the footprint of the impacts depicted in the 404/401 Permit Application. All
construction activities, including the design, installation, operation, and maintenance of
sediment and erosion control Best Management Practices, shall be performed so that no
violations of state water quality standards, statutes, or rules occur;
4. Sediment and erosion control measures shall not be placed in wetlands or waters without
prior approval from the Division. If placement of sediment and erosion control devices in
wetlands and waters is unavoidable, design and placement of temporary erosion control
measures shall not be conducted in a manner that may result in dis-equilibrium of wetlands
or stream beds or banks, adjacent to or upstream and down stream of the above structures.
All sediment and erosion control devices shall be removed and the natural grade restored
within two (2) months of the date that the Division of Land Resources or locally delegated
program has released the project;
5. Protective Fencing - The outside buffer, wetland or water boundary and along the
construction corridor within these boundaries approved under this authorization shall be
clearly marked with orange warning fencing (or similar high visibility material) for the
areas that have been approved to infringe within the buffer, wetland or water prior to any
land disturbing activities;
Continuing Compliance:
6. Mr. David N. Edwards, Jr. and Asheville Regional Airport Authority shall conduct
construction activities in a manner consistent with State water quality standards
(including any requirements resulting from compliance with section 303(d) of the Clean
Water Act) and any other appropriate requirements of State law and federal law. If the
Division determines that such standards or laws are not being met(including the failure
to sustain a designated or achieved use) or that State or federal law is being violated, or

f
Mr.David N.Edwards,Jr. and (ille Regional Airport Authority.
Page 4 of 4
August 12,2008
that further conditions are necessary to assure compliance, the Division may reevaluate
and modify this Certification to include conditions appropriate to assure compliance with
such standards and requirements in accordance with 15A NCAC 2H.0507(d). Before
modifying the Certification, the Division shall notify Mr. David N. Edwards, Jr. and
Asheville Regional Airport Authority, and the US Army Corps of Engineers, provide
public notice in accordance with 15A NCAC 2H.0503 and provide opportunity for public
hearing in accordance with 15A NCAC 214.0504. Any new or revised conditions shall be
provided to Mr. David N. Edwards, Jr. and Asheville Regional Airport Authority in
writing, shall be provided to the United States Army Corps of Engineers for reference in
any Permit issued pursuant to Section 404 of the Clean Water Act, and shall also become
conditions of the 404 Permit for the project;
Mitigation:
7. Compensatory Mitigation Using Onsite Preservation and Offsite Restoration
Mitigation must be provided for the proposed impacts as specified in the table below. We
understand that you will be purchasing wetland credits at 2:1 from the Great Dismal
Swamp Restoration Bank. This method has been determined by the DWQ to be a
suitable means to meet the mitigation requirement.
Type of impact Compensatory Mitigation Required River and Sub-basin Number
Stream(perennial) 1,535 (linear feet) French Broad/06010105
8. 'Construction Stormwater Permit NCGO 10000
Upon the approval of an Erosion and Sedimentation Control Plan issued by the Division
of Land Resources (DLR) or a DLR delegated local erosion and sedimentation control
program, an NPDES General stormwater permit (NCG010000) administered by DWQ is
automatically issued to the project. This General Permit allows stormwater to be
discharged during land disturbing construction activities as stipulated by conditions in the
permit. If your project is covered by this permit [applicable to construction projects that
disturb one (1) or more acres], full compliance with permit conditions including the
sedimentation control plan, self-monitoring, record keeping and reporting requirements
are required. A copy of this permit and monitoring report forms may be found at
http://h2o.enr.state.nc us/su/Forms Documents htm.;
9. Stormwater Management Plan Implementation Procedures (No Further Approval Needed)
• The approved SMP must be constructed and operational before any permanent
building or other structure is occupied at the site. If a development is phased, then the
approved SMP for each future phase must be constructed and operational before any
permanent building or other structure associated with that phase is occupied.
• The approved SMP as well as drainage patterns must be maintained in perpetuity.
• The SMP may not be modified without prior written authorization from the SMP
approval authority. If the SMP falls under another state stormwater program, then a
copy of the approval letter and the modified SMP must be submitted to the 401
Oversight/Express Unit prior to the commencement of the modifications.

Mr.David N.Edwards,Jr. and Ashes Zegional Airport Age 5 o
Page 5 o 5
f 5
August 12,2008
10. Culvert Installation
work area. Approved
All work in or adjacent to stream waters shall be conducted ia dry and Maintenance
BMP measures from the most current version of NCDOTConstruction
Activities manual
htt ://www.ncdot.or /doh/o erationsBMP d other a V�ion structures shall be used to
such as sandbags,rock berms, cofferdams and other
prevent excavation in flowing water.
the
Culverts required for this project shall be in in ncludin ch a th ecross section lginal stream
profiles are not altered. Existing stream dimensions ( gve
dimensions, pattern, and longitudinal profile)must be maint and installed da allowdforeaquatic life
locations of each culvert. Culverts shall be designedes are
movement as well as to prevent head cutting of the be re-established or, if the preams. If any of the existing ppes
or become perched, the appropriate stream grade shall
installed in a perched manner,the pipes shall be removed and re-installed correctly.
shall not be installed in such a manner that will cause aggradation or erosion of
Culvert(s) Existin stream dimensions (including the
the stream up or down stream of the culvert(s). g
CTOSS
section dimensions,pattern and longitudinal profile) shall be maintained above and
below locations of each culvert.
st be
Placeme
nt of culverts and other structures in waters, streams,rt wetlands eter greater placed
below the elevation of the streambed by one foot for all culverts
48 inches, and
aquatic life. Design and placement
than 48 inches,to allow low flow passage o erosion than 20 percent of the culvert diametaerrd r culverts having a diameter less
f won control measures shall not be
of culverts and other structures including temporary
s'
he above structures. The applicant is
conducted in a in that may result in dis-equilibrium ium of wetlands or streampp s or
banks, adjacent to or upstream and down stream o
d to rovide evidence that the equilibrium shall be maintained if requested in writing
require p
by DWQ•
Th
e establishment of native, woody vegetation and other aft stream bank bank hardening n
techniques must be used where practicable instead o rip p
or other
methods. rip-rap is necessary, it shall not be placed in the stream bed, unless specifically
P
approved by the Division of Water Quality.
ty of water In of culverts in wetlands must ensure continouod conditions.
movement and e
designed to adequately accommodate high water or flood
project,the Applicant shall complete and return the enclosed
the 401
_ Upon completion of thep J
"Certificate of Completion" form to notify on beQ when
work included pl to he attached form
Certification has been completed. The response party
return it to the 401/Wetlands Unit of the NC Division and df Water ownstream of each
and hs upstream
completion of the project. Please send ph
culvert site t o document correct installation along with the Certificate of Completion form.

Mr. David N.Edwards,Jr. and A ille Regional Airport Authority.
Page 6 of 6
August 12,2008
11. Deed Notifications
Deed notifications or similar mechanisms shall be placed on all retained jurisdictional
wetlands, waters and protective buffers in order to assure compliance for future wetland,
water and buffer impact. These mechanisms shall be put in place at the time of recording
of the property, or of individual lots, whichever is appropriate. A sample deed
notification can be downloaded from the 401/Wetlands Unit web site at
http://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/ncwetlands. The text of the sample deed notification may be
modified as appropriate to suit to this project.
12. Certificate of Completion
Upon completion of all work approved within the 401 Water Quality Certification or
applicable Buffer Rules, and any subsequent modifications, the applicant is required to
return the attached certificate of completion to the 401 Oversight/Express Review
Permitting Unit, North Carolina Division of Water Quality, 1650 Mail Service Center,
Raleigh, NC, 27699-1650.
Also, this approval to proceed with your proposed impacts or to conduct impacts to waters
as depicted in your application shall expire upon expiration of the 404 or CAMA Permit.
If this Certification is unacceptable to you, you have the right to an adjudicatory hearing upon
written request within sixty(60) days following receipt of this Certification. This request must be
in the form of a written petition conforming to Chapter 150B of the North Carolina General
Statutes and filed with the Office of Administrative Hearings, 6714 Mail Service Center,
Raleigh,N.C. 27699-6714. If modifications are made to an original Certification, you have the
right to an adjudicatory hearing on the modifications upon written request within sixty (60) days
following receipt of the Certification. Unless sucli demands are made, this Certification shall be
final and binding.
This the 12t' day of Au 2008
DIU ON UALITY
Coleen H. Sullins
3753
CHS/cbk/ijm

U` \�pG William G.Ross Jr.,Secretary
Uj North Carolina Department of z«vironment and Natural Resources
-i
O � Coleen H.Sullins,Director
Division of Water Quality
North Carolina Division of Water Quality
401 Water Quality Certification
Summary of Permitted Impacts and Mitigation Requirements
In accordance with 15A NCAC 2H.0500, Mr. Jonathan Lee has permission as outlined below to fill or otherwise
impact 1,546 square feet of Zone 2 buffer to construct the proposed driveway at the subject property which is
located at 8115 Dreamy Way, Raleigh, in Wake County,North Carolina. All activities associated with these
authorized impacts must be conducted with the conditions listed in the attached Permit transmittal letter. THIS
CERTIFICATION IS NOT VALID WITHOUT THE ATTACHMENTS.
COMPENSATORY MITIGATION REQUIREMENTS,ECOSYSTEM ENHANCEMENT PROGRAM
DWQ EXP PROJECT#: 2008-1089
SITE NAME: 8115 Dreamy Way
LOCATION: Raleigh
COUNTY Wake
BASIN/SUB BASIN Neuse(HUC: 03020201)
As required by 15A NCAC 2H.0500, and the conditions of this Certification,you are required to compensate for
the above mitigable impacts through the restoration,creation, enhancement or preservation of wetlands,surface
waters and riparian buffers as outlined below prior to conducting any"activities that impact or degrade the waters of
the state.
Note: Acreage requirements proposed to be mitigated through the Ecosystem Enhancement Program must be
rounded to one-quarter acre increments and linear foot requirements must be rounded up to the nearest
foot according to 15 2R.0503(b).
Impacts Mitigation
1,546 square feet of Zone 2 buffers 1 2,319 square feet of buffers
One of the options you have available to satisfy the compensatory mitigation requirement is through the payment of
a fee to the Buffer Restoration Fund per NCAC 2R.0503. If you choose this option,please'sign this form and mail
the form along with a copy of Variance Approval to the Ecosystem Enhancement Program at the address below.
An invoice for the appropriate amount of payment will be sent to you upon receipt of this form. PLEASE NOTE,
THE ABOVE IMPACTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED UNTIL YOU RECEIVE NOTIFICATION THAT YOUR
PAYMENT HAS BEEN PROCESSED BY THE ECOSYTEM ENHANCMENT PROGRAM.
Signature Date
ECOSYSTEM ENHANCEMENT-PROGRAM
1652 Mail Service Center
RALEIGH,N.C.27.699-1652
(9.19)733-5205
Filename: 081089 8115DreamyWayStbneHavenSD(Wake)MinVar—EEP
NOOe Carolina
401 Oversight/Express Review Permitting Unit �'*tuCa��i✓
1650 Mail Service Center,Raleigh,North Carolina 27699-1650
2321 Crabtree Boulevard,Suite 250,Raleigh,North Carolina 27604
Phone[phone]/ Fax[phone]
Internet: http://www.ncwaterqual4.org
An Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer—50%Recycled/10%Post Consumer Paper

_50 E WESTINGHOUSE BLVD.
J CHARLOTTE,NC 28273
�1CWS 704-527-1177(v)
704-527-1133(fax)
May 1, 2008
Ms.Loretta Beckwith
U.S.Army Corps. of Engineers
151 Patton Avenue,Room 208
Asheville,NC 28801
Subject: REVISED Section 404 Individual Permit Application
Asheville Regional Airport Expansion
Fletcher,North Carolina
CWS Project No.2007-1889
The Asheville Regional Airport Expansion site is located adjacent to Interstate 26, on existing Airport
Authority property in Fletcher,North Carolina(Sheets 1 and 2, enclosed). The purpose of this project
is to develop approximately 33 acres into a mixed general aviation(GA)component for the airport
which will include hanger space, offices and opportunity for the transfer and transport of goods and
materials between groundside, at a four lane interstate highway, and airside,from the existing
commercial grade airstrip,to serve Buncombe County and the Asheville region.
Applicant Name: Asheville Regional Airport Authority,David N.Edwards, Jr.—Airport Director
Mailing Address: 61 Terminal Dr., Suite 1,Fletcher,NC 28732
Phone Number of Owner/applicant: 828-684-2226
Street Address of Project: Terminal Drive,Fletcher,NC
Waterway: UT's to French Broad River
Basin: French Broad(HU# 06010105)
City: Asheville
County: Buncombe
Decimal Degree Coordinate Location of Project Site: N35.44612°,W82.54223°
USGS Quadrangle Name: Skyland,North Carolina, 1991
Current Land Use
The current land use for the project area is a commercial service airport. Dominant vegetation within
the project area consists of red maple(Acer rubrum), ironwood(Carpinus caroliniana),tag alder
(Alnus serrulata),black gum(Nyssa sylvatica),black willow(Salix nigra), silky dogwood(Corpus
amomum), soft stem rush(Juncus effusus),false nettle(Boehmeria cylindrica),jewel weed(Impatiens
capensis), cinnamon fern(Osmunda cinnamomea), Christmas fern(Polystichum acrostichoides), and
various sedges (Carex spp.)(Sheet 4, enclosed). According to the Soil Survey of Buncombe County',
on-site soils consist of Tate Loam,2-8% slopes (TaB),Hayesville Loam, 15-25 % slopes(HyE),
Hayesville-Urban Land Complex,2-15 % slopes and Braddock-Urban Land Complex, 2-15 % slopes
(Sheet 3, enclosed).
National Wetlands Inventory
The National Wetlands Inventory maps did not show any part of the project site mapped as wetlands
(Sheet 5, enclosed).
United States Department of Agriculture,Web Soil Survey. Soil Survey of Buncombe County,North Carolina.
NORTH CAROLINA • SOUTH CAROLINA NEW YORK
WWW.CWS-INC.NET

May 1,2008
Ms.Loretta Beckwith
Page 2 of 10
FEND Floodplain
No portion of the project area or the proposed development is located within a FEMA regulated
floodplain(Sheet 6, enclosed),therefore no FEMA floodplain will be impacted by the project
activities.
Buncombe County Zoning
The existing site and proposed expansion are zoned for industrial use(Sheet 7, enclosed). No portion
of the site will be rezoned for the purpose of this project.
Jurisdictional Delineation
On June 13,2007 CWS's Ron Johnson,PWS,Matt Jenkins, WPIT,Paul Bright, and Anthony Nardo
delineated(flagged in the field) and classified on-site jurisdictional waters of the U.S.using the U.S.
Army Corps of Engineers(USACE)-Routine On-Site Determination Method. On March 12,2008,
CWS delineated additional areas at the request of the USACE. Jurisdictional waters of the U.S.were
classified according to recent North Carolina Division of Water Quality(NCDWQ)2 and USACE
guidance. NCDWQ Stream Classification Forms and USACE Stream Quality Assessment
Worksheets representative of Streams A—E are enclosed(SCP 1 —SCP7). On-Site waters were
determined to be jurisdictional according to the EPA/USACE Approved Jurisdictional Determination
Forms.
The results of the on-site field investigation indicate that there are five jurisdictional stream channels
(Streams A—E)and six jurisdictional wetland areas(Wetlands AA—FF) located within the project
area(Sheet 8, enclosed). Routine On-Site Data Forms representative of Wetlands AA—EE as well as
non jurisdictional upland areas have been enclosed(DPI —DP5). On-Site jurisdictional waters of the
U.S. include unnamed tributaries to French Broad River. French Broad River is within the Upper
French Broad basin(IIU# 06010105)3 and is classified as`B;Tr"waters by the NCDWQ. On-Site
jurisdictional waters of the U.S.were mapped by CWS using a sub-meter capable GP unit and total
approximately 0.770 acre(33,541 square feet). Linear footage and acreage of on-site jurisdictional
waters are summarized in Table 1.
Fable 1. Summary of On-Site Jurisdictional Waters
Jurisdiction Classification Approximate Length(11) Approximate Acreage
Stream A Perennial 1540 0.243
Stream B Unimportant Intermittent 92 0.005
Stream C Perennial 393 0.023
Stream D Unimportant Intermittent 46 0.003
Stream E Perennial 62 0.005
Stream Subtotal: 2,133 0.279
Wetland AA Herbaceous 0.028
Wetland BB Forested 0.009
Wetland CC Forested 0.288
Wetland DD Herbaceous 0.015
Wetland EE Herbaceous 0.031
Wetland FF Herbaceous 0.148
2 North Carolina Division of Water Quality,1999. Stream Classification Method.Version 2.0.
3 ,HU#,,is the Hydrologic Unit Code. U.S.Geological Survey,1974. Hydrologic Unit Map,State of North Carolina.

May 1,2008
Ms.Loretta Beckwith
Page 3 of 10
Jurisdiction Classification Approximate Length(If) Approximate Acreage
Wetland Subtotal: 0.491
On-Site Total: 1746 0.770
Perennial Streams
Stream A flows through the middle portion of the property and is approximately 1,540 linear feet in
length(Sheet 8, enclosed). This channel exhibited average ordinary high water widths of 4-5 feet,
perennial flow,moderate sinuosity, and substrate consisting of fine sand to small cobbles. Biological
sampling of Stream A resulted in a weak presence of crayfish and amphibians, and a weak presence of
benthic macroinvertebrates. USACE Stream Quality Assessment scores for Perennial Stream A
ranged from 49 to 53 out of a possible 100 points and ranged from 33.5 to 36.5 out of 71 possible
points on the NCDWQ Stream Classification Form, indicating perennial status (SCP1 through SCP3,
enclosed). Photographs of Perennial Stream A are enclosed as Photographs A and B.
Stream C flows east for approximately 393 linear feet until its confluence with Perennial Stream A
(Sheet 8, enclosed). This channel exhibited an average ordinary high water width of 1-2 feet,
perennial flow,weak sinuosity, and substrate consisting of silt to large gravel. Perennial Stream C
scored 55 out of a possible 100 points on the USACE Stream Quality Assessment Form and 30 out of
71 possible points on the NCDWQ Stream Classification Form, indicating perennial status (SCP5,
enclosed). A Photograph of Stream C is enclosed as Photograph F.
Stream E flows north for approximately 62 linear feet until its confluence with Perennial Stream A
(Sheet 8, enclosed). This channel exhibited an average ordinary high water width of 1-2 feet,
perennial flow,weak sinuosity, and substrate consisting of silt to large gravel. Perennial Stream E
scored 56 out of a possible 100 points on the USACE Stream Quality Assessment Form and 30 out of
71 possible points on the NCDWQ Stream Classification Form, indicating perennial status(SCP7,
enclosed).
Intermittent Streams
Stream B flows north and is approximately 92 linear feet in length(Sheet 8, enclosed). This channel
exhibited average ordinary high water widths of 3-4 feet,weak ground water flow, and substrate
consisting of silt to large gravel. Unimportant Intermittent Stream B scored 27 out of a possible 100
points on the USACE Stream Quality Assessment Form and 23.5 out of 71 possible points on the
NCDWQ Stream Classification Form, indicating intermittent status (SCP4, enclosed). A photograph
of Unimportant Intermittent Stream B is enclosed as Photograph G.
Stream D flows north and is approximately 46 linear feet in length(Sheet 8, enclosed). This channel
exhibited average ordinary high water widths of 2-3 feet,weak ground water flow, and substrate
consisting of silt to small gravel. Unimportant Intermittent Stream D scored 29 out of a possible 100
points on the USACE Stream Quality Assessment Form and 22.5 out of 71 possible points on the
NCDWQ Stream Classification Form, indicating intermittent status(SCP6, enclosed)
Wetlands
Wetland AA is located in the central portion of the property, adjacent to Stream A and is
approximately 0.028 acre in size(Sheet 8, enclosed). Dominant vegetation within this area includes
silky dogwood(Cornus amomum), Christmas fern(Polystichum acrostichoides), cinnamon fern
(Osmunda cinnamomea), common rush(Juncus effuses), and jewelweed(Impatiens capensis). This
area exhibited low chroma soils (2.5Y 4/1),few prominent mottles (5YR 4/6), drainage patterns, and

May 1,2008
Ms. Loretta Beckwith
Page 4 of 10
saturation within the upper 12 inches of the soil profile. A Routine On-Site Determination Form
representative of Wetland AA is enclosed(DP2).
Wetland BB is located is located downstream of Perennial Stream A and Unimportant Intermittent
Stream B (Sheet 8, enclosed). This forested linear wetland is approximately 0.009 acre is size.
Dominant vegetation within this area includes red maple(Acer rubrum), ironwood(Carpinus
caroliniana),hazel alder(Alnus serrulata), common rush(Juncus effuses), and various sedges(Carex
spp.). Wetlands DD,EE, and FF are located adjacent to Perennial Stream A. These wetland areas
were exposed due to clearing activities and currenly are dominated by common rush,privet and
various sedges. These wetland areas exhibited low chroma soils (2.5Y 4/1,2.5Y 4/2), few distinct
mottles (5YR 4/6, 7.5YR 5/6), drainage patterns, and saturation within the upper 12 inches of the soil
profile. A Routine On-Site Determination Form representative of Wetland BB is enclosed(DP3).A
Photograph of Wetland BB is enclosed as Photographs E.
Wetland CC is located at the downstream portion of Perennial Stream A(Sheet 8, enclosed). This
forested wetland area is approximately 0.172 acre is size. Dominant vegetation within this area
includes black gum(Nyssa sylvatica),black willow(Salix nigra), ironwood(Carpinus caroliniana),
silky dogwood(Cornus amomum),false nettle(Boehmeria cylindrical), common rush(Juncus
effuses),jewelweed(Impatiens capensis), and various sedges(Carex spp.). This area exhibited low
chroma soils (IOYR 4/1), inundation to 2 inches, drainage patterns, and saturation within the upper 12
inches of the soil profile. A Routine On-Site Determination Form representative of Wetland CC is
enclosed(DP4). Photographs of Wetland CC are enclosed as Photographs C and D. A Routine On-
Site Determination Form representative of on-site non jurisdictional upland areas is also enclosed
(DP 1).
Agency Correspondence
Cultural Resources
A letter was forwarded to the State Historic Preservation Office(SHPO)on June 5,2007 to determine
the presence of any areas of architectural,historic, or archaeological significance that would be
affected by the project. In a letter dated July 13,2007,the SHPO stated that there"are no known
recorded archaeological sites within the project boundaries"(enclosed).
Protected Species
A letter was forwarded to the North Carolina Natural Heritage Program(NCNHP)on
June 5,2007 to determine the presence of any federally-listed, candidate endangered,threatened
species or critical habitat located within the project area. In a letter dated June 13,2007,the NCNHP
stated there"is no record of rare species, significant natural communities, or significant natural
heritage areas at the site,nor within%2 mile of the project area" (enclosed).
Protected Species
A protected species survey was conducted to determine the potential for the occurrence of animal and
plant species formally proposed or listed as endangered or threatened by current Federal regulations
[Federal Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.)] within the proposed project area.
The review consisted of a literature and records search, and a pedestrian survey performed by CWS's
Matt Jenkins, WPIT, and Paul Bright. CWS consulted the North Carolina Natural Heritage Program's
(NCNHP)Natural Element Occurrence Search Page for Buncombe County 15]. The data contained in
5 The NCNHP Element Occurrence Search Page,found online at http://207.4.179.50/nhp/county.litml,accessed on June 12,2007.

May 1,2008 ® 0
Ms.Loretta Beckwith
Page 5 of 10
this database was last updated March 1,2007. According to the NCNHP database,there are four
Current Federally Endangered or Threatened species listed for Buncombe County. The Endangered
species for Buncombe County are the Carolina northern flying squirrel(Glaucomys sabrinus
coloratus), gray bat(Myotis grisescens), spreading avens(Geum radiatum) and the rock gnome lichen
(Gymnoderma lineare). Bunched arrowhead(Sagittaria fasciculate) is listed as Historic in Buncombe
County and was not observed within the site. The only potential habitat is Wetland CC which is
located in a seep area with loamy soils. Bunched arrowhead requires seepage areas with very low
water flow and no stagnation; soils are sandy loams overlain by muck 10-24 inches deep; some shade
is beneficial. Wetland CC was heavily shaded and dominated by jewelweed and various sedges. No
overlaying muck layer was observed in this wetland area. It is the opinion of CWS that Wetland CC
is not a suitable habitat for bunched arrowhead.
Plant species observed during the pedestrian survey were identified to species or to the lowest
taxonomic level necessary to determine if the observed specimen was a protected species. Plant
species identified in this report follow taxonomy described by Radford, et a1.161 The following section
describes the potential on-site habitats.
On-Site Habitat
The proposed project area is comprised of cleared mixed hardwood forest and old successional field,
(Sheet 4, enclosed). Dominant vegetation within the mixed hardwood canopy includes red maple
(acer rubrum),black cherry(Prunus serotina),tuliptree(Liriodendron tulipifera), and white oak
(Quercus alba),. Understory vegetation within this area includes poison ivy(Toxicodendron
radicans),American holly(Ilex opaca), cinnamon fern(Osmunda cinnamomea), green catbriar
(Smilax rotundifolia), and black raspberry(Rubus occidentalis). Dominant vegetation within the early
successional fields includes tuliptree(Liriodendron tulipifera),white oak(Quercus alba), green
catbriar(Smilax rotundifolia),black raspberry(Rubus occidentalis),Aster(Aster spp.)and various
grasses(Festuca spp.).
Table 1. Federally-Listed Species Observed in Buncombe County,North Carolina
Federal
Major Group Scientific Name Common Name Status
Habitat•
Glaucomys sabrinus Carolina Northern The ecotone between coniferous and
Vertebrate coloratus Flying Squirrel E northern hardwood forests.
Vertebrate Myotis grisescens Gray Bat E Caves
icot Geum radiatum Spreading Avens E High elevation cliffs,outcrops,and
steep slopes exposed to full sun
Lichen Gymnoderma lineare Rock Gnome Lichen E On rocks in areas of high humidity at
high elevations
Federal Status'Codes
Code Status Definition•.
E Endangered A taxon in danger of extinction throughout all or a
significant portion of its range.
T Threatened A taxon likely to become an endangered species within the
6 Radford,et al. 1968.Manual of the Vascular Flora of the Carolinas.The University of North Carolina Press,Chapel Hill,North Carolina.
1183 pp.

May 1,2008 ® •
Ms. Loretta Beckwith
Page 6 of 10
foreseeable future'throughout all or a significant portion of
its range.
P Proposed A taxon that is formally proposed to be listed as
Endangered or Threatened.
C Candidate A taxon under consideration for which there is sufficient
information to support listing.
PD Proposed De-listed A taxon that is proposed for de-listing
FSC Federal Species of A species under consideration for listing,for which there is
Concern insufficient information to support listing at this time
Carolina Northern Flying Squirrel(Glaucomys sabrinus coloratus)
The Carolina northern flying squirrel is found primarily in the transition zone between coniferous and
northern hardwood forests. Both forest types are used for food collection,while the northern
hardwood forest is used for nesting. Individuals often occupy tree cavities and woodpecker holes,but
will also construct nests. Carolina northern flying squirrels are very rare and occur in isolated
communities in North Carolina and Tennessee. CWS did not observe any potential habitat during the
pedestrian survey and no Carolina northern flying squirrels were observed on the day of the field
investigation.
Grav Bat(Myotis grisescens)
The gray bat is a cave dweller found primarily in Arkansas,Missouri, Tennessee, and Alabama,with a
few colonies in adjacent states. They rely on different types of caves for hibernating and maternity.
The hibernation caves are generally cooler than the maternity caves. Male gray bats and non-
reproductive females form bachelor colonies that aren't as restrictive on their nesting sites. CWS did
not observe any potential habitat during the pedestrian survey and no gray bats were observed on the
day of the field investigation.
Spreading-Avens(Geum radiatum)
Spreading avens is an endemic in the rose family that occupies high elevation cliffs, outcrops and
steep slopes that are exposed to full sun in western North Carolina and Tennessee. The habitat is
usually found next to red spruce dominated coniferous forests. They are threatened by trampling,
development and air pollution. CWS did not observe any potential habitat during the pedestrian
survey and no spreading avens were observed on the day of the field investigation.
Rock Gnome Lichen(Gymnoderma lineare)
The rock gnome lichen is part of the reindeer moss family and is found on rocks in areas of high
humidity. These sites can occur at either high elevation or in deep river gorges at lower elevations.
Threats to rock gnome lichen are development, air pollution, collection, and coniferous forest decline.
CWS did not observe any potential habitat during the pedestrian survey and no rock gnome lichens
were observed on the day of the field investigation.
Biological conclusion: Given the results of the literature search and initial field investigation, it is
unlikely that the proposed project will impact the Carolina northern flying squirrel, gray bat,
spreading avens or the rock gnome lichen or their potential habitats.
Bunched arrowhead(Sagittaria fasciculate)is listed as Historic in Buncombe County and was not
observed within the site. The only potential habitat is Wetland CC which is located in a seep area
with loamy soils. Bunched arrowhead requires seepage areas with very low water flow and no

May 1, 2008
Ms. Loretta Beckwith
Page 7 of 10
stagnation; soils are sandy loams overlain by muck 10-24 inches deep; some shade is beneficial.
Wetland CC was heavily shaded and dominated by jewelweed and various sedges. No overlaying
muck layer was observed in this wetland area. It is the opinion of CWS that Wetland CC is not a
suitable habitat for bunched arrowhead.
Purpose and Deed for the Project
The north expansion of the Asheville Regional Airport will provide for the surface area improvements
necessary to accommodate ground side and air side general aviation(GA)purposes which have been
identified as essential to the growing economic demand of the region. The facility must have both
direct access to commercial airstrip and ground side access to four lane interstate.
The Asheville Regional Airport has a need to expand its development to meet the increased demand in
the aviation industry. Due to the limited real estate for aviation use with access to both taxiway and
runway facilities, and the boundary of the French Broad River, Interstate 26, and NC Route 280, this
area is the airports most economically feasible land to develop for aviation use. This project will
satisfy a portion of the publicly approved 20 year master plan for the airport. It is the purpose of this
project to provide service to economic development needs of Asheville Region and Buncombe County
by providing airside access to airstrip and groundside access to four lane interstate with approximately
450,000 square feet of new ramp, apron and taxiway; approximately 200,000 new square feet of
building and approximately 150,000 new square feet of roadway and parking. The project has been
designed to satisfy the safety concerns of the FAA.
Alternatives Analysis
The ARV has reviewed alternatives for the development of the expansion area including the
following:
Alternative 1 -No Build Alternative
The No-Build Alternative will result in no impacts to jurisdictional streams or wetlands but does not
satisfy project purpose and need to provide airside access to airstrip and groundside access to four
lane interstate with approximately 450,000 square feet of new ramp, apron and taxiway;
approximately 200,000 new square feet of building and approximately 150,000 new square feet of
roadway and parking.
Alternative 2—Off-Site Development Alternative
The Off-Site Development Alternative will result in no impacts to jurisdictional streams or wetlands
on this site but does not satisfy project purpose and need to provide airside access to airstrip and
groundside access to four lane interstate with approximately 450,000 square feet of new ramp, apron
and taxiway; approximately 200,000 new square feet of building and approximately 150,000 new
square feet of roadway and parking. This alternative would also require land acquisition by the
airport.
Alternative 3 —West Side Development Alternative
The West Side Development Alternative will result in impacts to 2,371 linear feet of jurisdictional
streams and also does not satisfy project purpose and need since it does not have access to four lane
interstate and terminal. The USGS topographic map shows a"blue line"stream in this location. This
area doesn't have existing support infrastructure(access,utilities,taxiways, aprons, etc). In order to
access the airport terminal from this area, all traffic will need to cross the runway which will cause
safety issues and could delay flights.
Alternative 4—South Side Development Alternative

May 1,2008
Ms. Loretta Beckwith
Page 8 of 10
The South Side Development Alternative will result in impacts to approximately 2,818 linear feet of
jurisdictional streams but does not satisfy project purpose and need since it does not enough land area
adjacent to both airstrip and interstate to provide the necessary program elements. This alternative
cannot be adjacent to Runway/Taxiway system due to Rental car Facility. The elevation of this piece
of land is 30 feet lower than the existing development and it cannot be filled due to the location of the
rental car facility.
Alternative 5—East Side Development Alternative
The East Side Development Alternative will impact jurisdictional streams or wetlands but does not
satisfy project purpose and need since it is not adjacent to airstrip and does not have enough land area
to provide the necessary program elements. This alternative is located across NC-280 and will have
no access to Runway/Taxiway System unless a taxiway bridge is built to span the highway. A bridge
of this nature would not be cost effective for this project. In addition,the land area geometry and size
is not adequate for the development.
Alternative 6 -Reduced Scope and Scale Alternative
The Reduced Scope and Scale Alternative will result in fewer impacts to jurisdictional streams or
wetlands but does not satisfy project purpose and need to provide airside access to airstrip and
groundside access to four lane interstate with approximately 450,000 square feet of new ramp, apron
and taxiway; approximately 200,000 new square feet of building and approximately 150,000 new
square feet of roadway and parking. Reducing the scope and scale would render the project not
economically feasible.
Alternative 7—On-Site Northern Development Alternative(Preferred Alternative)
The On-Site Northern Development Alternative will result in unavoidable impacts to jurisdictional
streams or wetlands on this site but it does satisfy project purpose and need to provide airside access
to airstrip and groundside access to four lane interstate with approximately 450,000 square feet of new
ramp, apron and taxiway; approximately 200,000 new square feet of building and approximately
150,000 new square feet of roadway and parking. This alternative will provide access to I-26 via NC-
280(Sheet X, enclosed). This alternative is consistent with FAA approved Master Plan and Land Use
Plan
Alternative 8—An additional alternative suggested by the NCDWQ was to relocate the stream to the
east side of the development. The topography of the site will not allow a proper relocation of the
stream due to the drastic elevation change across the site.
Avoidance and Minimization
The expansion of the existing airport development to the north occurs on a site which is bisected by a
perennial stream. Development to one side or the other of the stream would not yield sufficient
development area to satisfy the project purpose and need. The stream cannot be relocated to the east
due to shallow bedrock to the ground surface and topographic constraints. The stream cannot be
relocated to the west due to FAA restrictions on open water and forested buffers adjacent to runways
due to safety issues.
Impacts were reduced for the Preferred Alternative by reducing the fill slopes from 4:1 to 3:1 on the
north end of the development. A retaining wall and wing walls were added to the north outlet of the
60"RCP to further reduce impacts. The use of the rip rap apron was avoided through the use of an
internal energy dissipater to the pipe. The system was designed with an O-Ring Gasket RCP pipe to
seal out ground water from the pipe. This minimization strategy has reduced stream impacts by 441
linear feet and wetland impacts by 0.158 acre from the original proposed activities. Minimization of

May 1, 2008
Ms. Loretta Beckwith
Page 9 of 10
impacts to downstream aquatic resources will be accomplished by filling the area so that grade directs
stormwater flows away from surface waters and into off-line stormwater BMP treatment measures.
Negative effects to downstream water quality and important aquatic functions and values will be
prevented through appropriate erosion and sediment control methods during construction and the
incorporation of permanent storm water management measures designed to remove Total Suspended
Solids(TSS)before they reach downstream receiving waters.
Proposed Impacts to Jurisdictional Waters
Unavoidable impacts to Perennial Streams will total approximately 1,535 linear feet and impacts to
wetland areas will total 0.359 acre(Sheets 10-14, enclosed). Approximately 138 linear feet(0.008
acre) of Unimportant Intermittent Stream will be impacted. Impacts are due to grading activities
associated with the expansion of the Asheville Regional Airport North General Expansion Project.
The main drainage will be piped with 1,175 liner feet of 60"Reinforced Concrete Pipe(RCP). Fly
ash will be used to backfill the area. Progress Energy holds the non-site specific permit for the
disposal of the fly ash. The fly ash will be capped with a 24 inch top soil cap. Details for the liner
installation have been included. The groundwater will be monitored using wells. Details of the
monitoring well installation and monitoring plan are enclosed. A Typical Cross Section has been
included as Sheet 11. On behalf of The Asheville Regional Airport, CWS is submitting a Section 404
Individual Permit Application with attachments (enclosed).
Compensatory Mitigation
The existing culvert downstream of the site will be removed and restored back to a natural stream
channel. The restoration will include enhancements to the downstream 50 linear feet of channel.
Mitigation for the pipe removal will be accomplished by removing the existing pipe and grading the
channel to match the existing banks. The newly graded banks will be lined with erosion control
matting and planted with live stakes. Live stakes will be harvested locally and will be native
vegetation. Only healthy,well branched, and disease free species shall be used. Following the first
growing season the live stakes shall be monitored to ensure an 85 % survival rate. If the 85% survival
rate is not achieved the client will re-plant the live stakes to ensure this survival rate. A conceptual
design will be submitted under separate cover.
Applicant proposes a donation to the NC Ecosystem Enhancement Program as mitigation for all
proposed impacts to streams and wetlands minus the 150 linear foot restoration. The AVL is
proposing a donation of$678,650 for impacts to 1,385 linear feet of perennial stream at a 2:1 ratio.
The AVL is proposing a$29,351 for impacts to 0.50 acre of riparian wetland area at a 2:1 ratio. Total
donation to the EEP will be$708,001. A revised request has been forwarded to NCEEP to ensure the
credits will be available.
Stormwater Management
A Stormwater Management Plan has been designed to minimize impacts to downstream aquatic
resources. Negative effects to downstream water quality and important aquatic functions and values
will be prevented through appropriate erosion and sediment control methods during construction and
the incorporation of permanent storm water management measures designed to remove Total
Suspended Solids(TSS)before they reach downstream receiving waters. The plan has been designed
according to NC Division of Water Quality Standard. A copy of the Post-Development Drainage Plan
has been included as Sheets 15-17. Stormwater calculations to justify the design have been included.
A Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan(SPPP)template is being developed for the North Carolina
Airport Association(NCAA)that will provide guidance on best management practices(BMPs)that

May 1, 2008
Ms.Loretta Beckwith
Page 10 of 10
should be followed by NCAA-member airports to prevent or reduce stormwater pollution from their
industrial activities. As such,Asheville Regional Airport will implement BMPs, including fuel disposal
barrels and ramp sweeping activities for the General Aviation Apron Area to help treat stormwater runoff
from the existing impervious areas.
Please do not hesitate to contact me at 704-527-1177 or through email at [e-mail] should
you have any questions or comments regarding these findings.
O"3 • +�
"'1
Ron G.Acientist
PWS Craig R. Wyant,RLA
Senior Senior Resource Analyst
Enclosures:
Sheet 1 of 20. Vicinity Map
Sheet 2 of 20. USGS 7.5' Skyland,NC Topographic Quadrangle
Sheet 3 of 20. Buncombe County Soil Survey
Sheet 4 of 20. Aerial Photograph
Sheet 5 of 20. National Wetlands Inventory Map
Sheet 6 of 20. FEMA Floodplain Map
Sheet 7 of 20. Buncombe County Zoning Map
Sheet 8 of 20. Wetland Boundary Survey
Sheet 9 of 20. Pre-Developed Drainage Map
Sheet 10 of 20. Alternatives Analysis 1 of 2
Sheet l I of 20. Alternatives Analysis 2 of 2
Sheet 12 of 20 Direct Airport Exit Concept
Sheet 13 of 20. Proposed Impacts
Sheet 14 of 20. Typical Cross Section
Sheet 15 of 20 Final Development Plan
Sheet 16 of 20. Post-Developed Grading Plan A
Sheet 17 of 20. Post-Developed Grading Plan B
Sheet 18 of 20. Post-Developed Drainage Map-Overall
Sheet 19 of 20. Post-Developed Drainage Map A
Sheet 20 of 20. Post-Developed Drainage Map B
Section 404 Individual Permit Application(ENG FORM 4345)
Request for Jurisdictional Determination Form
Agent Certification of Authorization Form
USACE Routine Wetland Determination Data Forms (DPI —DP5)
NCDWQ Stream Classification Forms(SCP1 —SCP7)
USACE Stream Quality Assessment Worksheets (SCP1 —SCP7)
Approved Jurisdictional Determination Forms (SCP1-SCP7)
Representative Photographs(A—I)
Agency Correspondence
Letter from Asheville Chamber of Commerce
Adjoining Property Owners
Geosynthetic Clay Liner Installation Report
Monitoring Well Installation and Monitoring Plan
cc: Ms. Cyndi Karoly,NCDWQ
Mr. Gary Bouthillier,WK Dickson
Mr.David N.Edwards, Jr.—Airport Director,AVL

Asheville Regional Airport Project
Individual Permit Application Project No.2007-1889
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Sheet 1 of 20

Asheville Regional Airport Project
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Sheet 2 of 20

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Individual Permit Application Proiect No 2007-1889
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Sheet 3 of 20

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This map is a user generated static output from an Internet mapping site and is for general reference only. Data layers that appear on this map may or may not be
accurate,current,or otherwise reliable. THIS MAP IS NOT TO BE USED FOR NAVIGATION.
NWI Map
Image Courtesy of the National Wetlands Inventory.
Sheet 5 of 20

Asheville Regional Airport Project
Individual Permit Application Proiect No.2007-1889
370031
APPROXIMATE SCALE
500 0 500 FEET
® NATIONAL FLOOD INSURANCE PROGRAM
FIRM
FLOOD INSURANCE RATE MAP
BUNCOMBE COUNTY,
NORTH CAROLINA
iAND INCORPORATED AREAS
PANEL 450 OF 550
�j (SEE MAP INDEX FOR PANELS NOT PRINTED)
i` l2 9 CONTAINS:
2 �C/ COMMUNITY NUMBER PANEL SUFFIX
ASHEWLLE. OF 370032 U68 C
0 OO� UNINCOBPOILITEO AREAS '3100]1 0668 C
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City
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Asheville 26 MAP NUMBER
370032 37021CO450 C {
m$° ," EFFECTIVE DATE:
a$v o a
MAY 6,1996
I
Federal Emergency Management Agency
This is an official copy of a portion of the above referenced flood map. It
was extracted using F-MIT On-Line. This map does not reflect changes
or amendments which may have been made subsequent to the date on the
title block. For the latest product Information about National Flood Insurance
Program flood maps check the FEMA Flood Map Store at www.msc.fema.gov
FENA Flood Map
Image Courtesy of the Federal Emergency Management Agency,dated 1996.
Sheet 6 of 20

Asheville Regional Airport ProjecE
Individual Permit Application Proiect No 2007-1889
Lq ;ff"':
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Thursday,June 14,2 '07
Zoning Map
Image Courtesy of the City of Asheville GIS,dated 2007.
Sheet 7 of 20

NOTE:JURISDICTIONAL WATERS OF THE U.S.WERE DELIN 9D SURVEYED WITH
GPS BY CWS,INC.(CWS)ON JUNE 13,2007.JURISDICTIONAI ES HAVE NOT13EEN
VERIFIED BY THE USACE.
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Carolina Wetland Services
PROPERTY BOUNDARY i� ,�+��w 550 East Westinghouse Blvd.
C Charlotte,North Carolina 28273
JURISDICTIONAL STREAM CHANNEL
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JURISDICTIONAL WETLAND Sheet 8. Wetland Boundary Survey
Asheville Regional Airport Expansion
PHOTO LOCATION AND DIRECTION Fletcher,North Carolina
CWS ProjectcN�o.2007-1889 `eSSPaAREDD� l0 Irt ( /��� D�`3�ZYJ! tl
APPROXIMATE SCALE:1=400' ff
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VER=D BY THE USACE.
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LEGEND
Carolina Wetland Services
® 'PROPERTY BOUNDARY •� Cws 550 East Westinghouse Blvd.
i•�7 Charlotte,North Carolina 28273
URACTED STREAM CHANNEL"
® A£tFBQIC6 SQS MtVhYPROVIDmBY1VX.BIC650NM1O],u`G BAIID TWi.
DRACTED WETLAND Proposed Impacts
Asheville Regional Airport Expansion
Pletcher,North Carolina
CWS Project No.2007-1889
PAFPABIDBY
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APPLICATION FOR DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY PERMIT OMB APPROVAL NO. 0710-0003
(33 CFR 325) Expires December 31, 2004
The Public burden for this collection of information is sestimated to average 10 hours per response, although the majority of applications should requir('
5 hours or less. This includes the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and
completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of
information, including suggestions for reducing this burden,to Department of Defense,Washington Headquarters Service Directorate of Information
Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204,Arlington, VA 22202-4302;and to the Office of Management and Budget,
Paperwork Reduction Project(0710-0003), Washington,DC 20503. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law,
no person shall be subject to any penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control
number. Please DO NOT RETURN your form to either of those addresses. Completed applications must be submitted to the District Engineer having
jurisdiction over the location of the proposed activity.
PRIVACY ACT STATEMENT
Authorities: Rivers and Harbors Act,Section 10,33 USC 403; Clean Water Act,Section 404, 33 USC 1344; Marine Protection , Research and
Sanctuaries Act, 33 USC 1413,Section 103. Principal Purpose: Information provided on this form will be used in evaluating the application.for a
permit. Routine Uses: This information may be shared with the Department of Justice and other federal,state,and local government agencies.
Submission of requested information is voluntary, however,if information is not provided the permit application cannot be evaluated nor can a permit
be issued.
One set of original drawings or good reproducible copies which show the location and character of the proposed activity must be attached to this
application (see sample drawings and instructions)and be submitted to the District Engineer having jurisdiction over the location of the proposed
activity. An application that is not completed in full will be returned.
ITEMS 1 THRU 4 TO BE FILLED BY THE CORPS
1. APPLICATION NO. 2. FIELD OFFICE CODE 3. DATE RECEIVED 4. DATE APPLICATION COMPLETE
l?EMS BELOW TO BE FILLED BY APPLIC
S. APPLICANT'S NAME Asheville Regional Airport Authority 8. AUTHORIZED AGENT'S NAME AND TITLE(an agent is not required)
Attn: Mr. David N. Edwards, Jr. Carolina Wetland Services, Attn: Craig R. Wyant
6. APPLICANT'S ADDRESS 9. AGENT'S ADDRESS
61 Terminal Drive, Suite 1 550 East Westinghouse Boulevard
Fletcher,NC 28732 Charlotte NC 28273
7.. APPLICANT'S PHONE NOS. W/AREA CODE 10 AGENT'S PHONE NOS W/AREA CODE
a. Residence a. Residence
b. Business [phone] } b. Business [phone] cell: [phone]
11. STATEMENT OF AUTHORIZATION
hereby authorize, to act in my behalf as my"agent in the processing of this application and to
furnish, upon request,supplemental inform ation-in,support of this permit application. _-
Signed Agent Authorization Form Attached
APPLICANT'S SIGNATURE DATE
NAME, LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT OR ACTIVITY
12. PROJECT NAME OR TITLE(seeinstructions!
Asheville Regional Airport Northern Expansion
'13. NAME OF WATERBODY, IF KNOWN(ifappiicam.) 14. PROJECT STREET ADDRESS af.pp#.b/e)
UT to French Broad River 61 Terminal Drive, Suite 1
15. LOCATION OF PROJECT Fletcher,NC 28732
Buncombe NC
COUNTY STATE
16. OTHER LOCATION DESCRIPTIONS, IF KNOWN, (seeinstrucaons)
17. DIRECTIONS TO THE SITE
From Asheville,Take Interstate 26 South to the NC 280 Exit(New Airport Road).Turn right(southwest)and follow signage into
airport parking.Project site is located on the north side of existing hangars behind security fencing. FAA requires permission to
enter this area from the Airport Director.

18. Nature of Activity(Description of project,include all features)
The Asheville Regional Airport has a need to expand its development to meet the increased demand in the aviation industry. Due to the limited real estate for aviation use
with access to both taxiway and runway facilities,and the boundary of the French Broad River,Interstate 26,and NC Route 280,this is the airports only remaining devel-
opable land for aviation use. This project will satisfy a portion of the publicly approved 20 year master plan for the airport. It is the purpose of this project to provide
service to economic development needs of Asheville Region and Buncombe County by providing airside access to airstrip and groundside access to four lane interstate
with approximately 450,000 square feet of new ramp,apron and taxiway;approximately 200,000 new square feet of building and approximately 150,000 new square feet
of roadway and parking. The project has been designed to satisfy the safety concerns of the FAA. See report for details.
19. Project Purpose(Describe the reason or purpose of the project,see instructions)
The north expansion of the Asheville Regional Airport will provide for the surface area improvements necessary to accommodate ground side and air side general aviation
(GA)purposes which have been identified as essential to the growing economic demand of the region. The facility must have both direct access to commercial airstrip
and ground side access to four lane interstate. See report for details.
USE BLOCKS 20-22 IF DREDGED AND/OR FILL MATERIAL IS TO BE DISCHARGED
20. Reason(s) for Discharge
In order provide for the surface area improvements necessary to the northern expansion of the airport facility there will need to be fill placed to bring the development area
up to grade. A pipe in the vicinity of the fill will be placed in order to carry the flow of an existing perennial stream and its side stream tributaries and wetlands
21. Type(s) of Material Being Discharged and the Amount of Each Type in Cubic Yards
Fly ash(one of several coal combustion products,or CCPs)is the finely divided mineral residue resulting from the combustion of coal in electric generating plants.Fly ash
consists of inorganic,incombustible matter present in the coal that has been fused during combustion into a glassy,amorphous structure.A geotextile liner will be placed
beneath the fly ahs and a 24"soil cap will be placed above.
22. Surface Area in Acres of Wetlands or Other Waters Filled iseeinstructionsl
Impacts to Perennial Streams will total approximately 1,535 linear feet,impacts to wetland areas will total 0.359 acre and impacts to in-
termittent streams will total 138 liner feet(0.008 acre)
23. Is Any Portion of the Work Already Complete? Yes No IF YES, DESCRIBE THE COMPLETED WORK
Yes,wetland delineation has been completed and clearing and grubbing of the site outside of jurisdictional areas has been completed.
24. Addresses of Adjoining Property Owners, Lessees, Etc.,Whose Property.Adjoins the Waterbody(If more than can be entered here,
please attach a supplemental list).
List of Adjacent Property Owners Attached.
25. List of Other Certifications or Approvals/Denials Received from other Federal, State or Local Agencies for Work Described in This Application.
AGENCY TYPE APPROVAL* IDENTIFICATION NUMBER DATE APPLIED DATE APPROVED DATE DENIED
NCDENR Erosion and BUNCO-2007-013 N/A N/A N/A
Sediment Control
*Would include but is not restricted to zoning, building and flood plain permits
26. Application is hereby made for a permit or permits to authorize the work described in this application. I certify that the information in this
application is complete and accurate. I further certify that I possess the authority to undertake the work described herein or am acting as the
duly authorized agent of the applicant. C n
'"�1 tC 5/1/2008
SIGNATURE OF APPLICANT DATE SIGNATURE OF AGENT DATE
The application must be signed by the person who desires to,undertake the proposed activity (applicant)or it may be signed by a duly
authorized agent if the statement in block 11 has been filled out and signed.
18 U.S.C. Section 1001 provides that: Whoever, in any manner within the jurisdiction of any department or agency of the United States
knowingly and willfully falsifies, conceals, or covers up any trick,scheme,or disguises a material fact or makes any false,fictitious or
fraudulent statements or representations or makes or uses any false writing or document knowing same to contain any false,fictitious or
fraudulent statements or entry,shall be fined not more than S10,000 or imprisoned not more than five years or both.

REQUEST FOR JURISDICTIONAL DETERMINATION
DATE: May 1,2008
COUNTY Buncombe County,North Carolina TOTAL ACREAGE OF TRACT —33 acres
PROJECT NAME(if applicable) Asheville Regional Airport Project
PROPERTY OWNER/APPLICANT(name,address and phone):
Asheville Regional Airport Authority
POC:Mr.David N.Edwards,Jr.,at(828)684-2226
61 Terminal Drive,Suite 1
Fletcher,NC 28732
NAME OF CONSULTANT,ENGINEER,DEVELOPER(if applicable):
Carolina Wetland Services,Inc.
POC:Mr.Craig R.%ant,at 704)527-1177
550 East Westinghouse Blvd.
Charlotte,NC 28273
STATUS OF PROJECT(check one):
( ) On-going site work for development purposes
(X) Project in planning stages
(Type ofproject: airport expansion )
( ) No specific development planned at present
( ) Project already completed
(Type of project: 1
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION REQUIRED:
Check items submitted - forward as much information as is available. At a minimum, the following first two items must be
forwarded.
(X) Vicinity Map
(X) USGS 7.5' Skyland,NC Topographic Quadrangle
(X) Buncombe County Soil Survey
(X) Aerial Photograph
(X) National Wetlands Inventory Map
(X) FEMA Floodplain Map
(X) Buncombe County Zoning Map
(X) Wetland Boundary Survey
(X) Pre-Developed Drainage Map
(X) Alternatives Analysis(Sheets 10-12)
(X) Typical Cross Section
(X) Final Development Plan(Sheets 13-17)
(X) Post-Developed Drainage Map(Sheets 18-20)
(X)Section 404 Individual Permit Application(ENG FORM 4345)

(X)Request for Jurisdictional Determination Form
(X)Agent Certification of Authorization Form
(X)USACE Routine Wetland Determination Data Forms(DP 1—DP5)
(X)NCDWQ Stream Classification Forms(SCP1—SCP7)
(X)USACE Stream Quality Assessment Worksheets(SCP1—SCP7)
(X)Approved Jurisdictional Determination Forms
(X)Representative Photographs(A—H)
(X)Agency Correspondence
(X)Letter from Asheville Chamber of Commerce
(X)Adjoining Property Owners
(X) Geosynthetic Clay Liner Installation Report
(X)Monitoring Well Installation and Monitoring Plan
(X)NCDWQ Stormwater Calculations
Signature of Properly Owner or
Authorized Agent
Mr.Craig R.Wyant

Oct-22-2007 04:22pm From—ASHEVILL 'aIONAL AIRPORT AUTH, [phone] T-865 P.002/0O2 F-582
AGENT CERTIFICATION OF AUTHORIZATION
I, David N. Edwards, Jr., A.A.E. Airport Director for the Asheville Regional Airport
Authority certify that I have authorized Craig R. Wyant of Carolina Wetland Services,
Inc.to act on my behalf and take all actions necessary to the processing, issuance, and
acceptance of the Section 404/401 Individual Permit and any and all standard and special
conditions attached for the Asheville Regional Airport Authority—North General
Aviation Expansion Project.
We hereby certify that the above information submitted in this application is true and
accurate to the best of our knowledge.
Applicant's signature Agent's signature
/��Z o ? 10/22/07
Date Date
Completion of this form will allow the agent to sign all future application correspondence.

DATA FORM
ROUTINE WETLAND DETERMINATION
(1987 COE Wetlands Delineation Manual)
Project/Site: Asheville Regional Airport Project Date: 06/12/07
Applicant/Owner: Asheville Regional Airport Authority County: Buncombe
Investigator(s): Matt Jenkins,WPIT and Paul Bright State: NC
Do Normal Circumstances exist on the site? Yes No Community ID: upland
Is the site significantly disturbed (Atypical Situation)? Yes No Transect ID:
Is ',he area a potential Problern Area? Yes Llo ;FICI ID: 7)E_ a 1(If needed, explain on reverse.)
VEGETATION
Dominant Plant Species Stratum Indicator Dominant Plant Species Stratum Indicator
1 Polystichum acrostichoides herb FAC 9
2 Osmunda cinnamomea herb FACW+ 10
3 Juncus effusus herb FACW+ 11
4 Impatiens capensis herb FACW 12
5 13
6 14
7 15
8 16
Percent of Dominant Species that are OBL,FACW or FAC
100%
Remarks:
All of the dominant plant species are FAC or wetter.
HYDROLOGY -
Recorded Data(Describe in remarks): Wetland Hydrology Indicators:
Stream,Lake or Tide Gauge Primary Indicators:
Aerial Photographs Inundated
Other Saturated in Upper 12 Inches
X No Recorded Data Available Water Marks
Drift Lines
Field Observations: Sediment Deposits(on leaves)
Drainage Patterns in Wetlands
Depth of Surface Water: N/A (in.) Secondary Indicators(2 or more required):
Oxidized Root Channels in Upper 12 Inches
Depth to Free Water in Pit: N/A (in.) Water-Stained Leaves
Local Soil Survey Data
Depth to Saturated Soil: N/A (in.) �-FAC-Neutral Test
Other(Explain in Remarks)
Remarks:
No indicators of wetland hydrology are present.
Routine On-Site Data Forms Page 1 of-2—.. 10/22/2007

SOILS
Map Unit Name
(Series and Phase): Tate loam, 2 to 8 percent slopes (TaB) Drainage Class well-drained
Field Observations
Taxonomy(Subgroup): mesic Typic Ha ludults Confirm Mapped Type? Yes No
{Profile Descriotion:
Depth !blairix Color ?Mottle Colors Mottle Texture, Concretions,
(inches) Horizon (Munsell ibloistl (Munsell Moist) ;abundance/Contrast Structure, etc.
0-12 B 2.5Y 4/2 N/A N/A silt loam
Histosol Concretions
Histic Epipedon High Organic Content in Surface Layer in Sandy Soils
Sulfidic Odor Organic Streaking in Sandy Soils
Aquic Moisture Regime Listed on Local Hydric Soils List(Inclusions)
Reducing.Conditions Listed on National Hydric Soils List
Gleyed or Low-Chroma Colors Other(Explain in Remarks)
Remarks:
No indicators of h dric soils are present.
WETLAND DETERMINATION
Hydrophytic Vegetation Present? Yes No, (Circle
Wetland Hydrology Present? Yes No (Circle)
Hydric Soils Present? Yes No Is this Sampling Point Within a Wetland? Yes No
Remarks:
Data i3oint is representative of a non-'urisdictional upland area.
Approved by HQUSACE 2/92
Routine On-Site Data Forms Page 2 Of 2-_ 10/22/2007

DATA FORM
ROUTINE WETLAND DETERMINATION
(1987 COE Wetlands Delineation Manual)
Project/Site: Asheville Regional Airport Project Date: 06/12/07
Applicant/Owner: Asheville Regional Airport Authority County: Buncombe
Investigator(s): Matt Jenkins,WPIT and Paul Bright State: NC
Do Normal Circumstances exist on the site? Yes No Community ID: wedan
Is the site significantly disturbed (Atypical Situation)? Yes No Transect ID:
I Is the area a potential Problem Area Y4as f iNo )Plot ID; 'j P? +
(If needed, -explain on reverse.]
VEGETATION
Dominant Plant Species Stratum Indicator Dominant Plant Species Stratum Indicator
1 Cornus amomum shrub FACW+ 9
2 Polystichum acrostichoides herb FAC 10
3 Osmunda cinnamomea herb FACW+ 11
4 Juncus effusus herb FACW+ 12
5 Impatiens capensis herb FACW 13
6 14
7 15
8 16
Percent of Dominant Species that are OBL,FACW or FAC
100%
Remarks:
All of the dominant plant species are FAC or wetter.
HYDROLOGY
Recorded Data(Describe in remarks): Wetland Hydrology Indicators:
Stream, Lake or Tide Gauge Primary Indicators:
Aerial Photographs Inundated
Other Saturated in Upper 12 Inches
X No Recorded Data Available Water Marks
Drift Lines
Field Observations: Sediment Deposits(on leaves)
_�Drainage Patterns in Wetlands
Depth of Surface Water: N/A (in.) Secondary Indicators(2 or more required):
Oxidized Root Channels in Upper 12 Inches
Depth to Free Water in Pit: N/A (in.) Water-Stained Leaves
Local Soil Survey Data
Depth to Saturated Soil: <12 (in.) �_FAC-Neutral Test
Other(Explain in Remarks)
Remarks:
Indicators of wetland hydrology are Rresent.
Routine On-Site Data Forms Page I Oft 10/22/2007

SOILS
Map Unit Name
(Series and Phase): Tate loam,2 to 8 percent slopes (TaB) Drainage Class well-drained
Field Observations
Taxonomy(Subgroup): mesic Typic Ha ludults Confirm Mapped Type? Yes No
Profile Description:
Depth Nla rix Coicr (ilcttle Ccicrs Mottle :.ure,Cone-e ions.
(inches) Horizon (Munsell Moist l (Munsell Moist) Abundance/Contrast Structure, etc.
0-12 B 2.5Y 4/1 5YR 4/6 few/distinct silt loam
Histosol Concretions
Histic Epipedon High Organic Content in Surface Layer in Sandy Soils
Sulfidic Odor Organic Streaking in Sandy Soils
Aquic Moisture Regime Listed on Local Hydric Soils List(Inclusions)
Reducing Conditions Listed on National Hydric Soils List
,—Gleyed or Low-Chroma Colors Other(Explain in Remarks)
Remarks:
Indicators of hydric soils are present.
WETLAND DETERMINATION
Hydrophytic Vegetation Present? Yes No (Circle
Wetland Hydrology Present? Yes No (Circle)
Hydric Soils Present? Yes No Is this Sampling Point Within a Wetland? Yes No
Remarks:
Data point is representative of a iurisdictional wetland area.
Approved by HQUSACE 2192
Routine On-Site Data Forms Page 2 of-2- 10/22/2007

1
DATA FORM
ROUTINE WETLAND DETERMINATION
(1987 COE Wetlands Delineation Manual)
Project/Site: Asheville Regional Airport Project Date: 06/12/07
Applicant/Owner: Asheville Regional Airport Authority County: Buncombe
Investigator(s): Matt Jenkins,WPIT and Paul Bright State: NC
Do Normal.Circumstances exist on the site? Yes No Community ID: wetlan
Is the site significantly disturbed (Atypical Situation)? Yes No Transect ID:
Is the area a potential Problem Area? Yes No Plot ID: DP3
If needed, explain on reverse.)
VEGETATION
Dominant Plant S ecies Stratum Indicator Dominant Plant Species Stratum Indicator
1 Acer rubrum tree FAC 9
2 Carpinus caroliniana tree FAC 10
3 Alnus serrulata. tree FACW 11
4 Juncus effusus herb FACW+ 12
5 Carex spp. herb * 13
6 14
7 15
8 16
Percent of Dominant Species that are OBL,FACW or FAC
100%
Remarks: 'Please note this species was not identified to species and was therefore excluded from the FAC-Neutral test.
All of the dominant plant species are FAC or wetter.
HYDROLOGY
Recorded Data(Describe in remarks): Wetland Hydrology Indicators:
Stream, Lake or Tide Gauge Primary Indicators:
Aerial Photographs Inundated
Other Saturated in Upper 12 Inches
X No Recorded Data Available Water Marks
Drift Lines
Field Observations: Sediment Deposits(on leaves)
Drainage Patterns in Wetlands
Depth of Surface Water: N/A (in.) Secondary Indicators(2 or more required):
Oxidized Root Channels in Upper 12 Inches
Depth to Free Water in Pit: N/A (in.) Water-Stained Leaves-
Local Soil Survey Data
Depth to Saturated Soil: <12 (in.) ��FAC-Neutral Test
Other(Explain in Remarks)
Remarks:
Indicators of wetland h drolo are present.
Routine On-Site Data Forms Page 1 of-2 " 10/22/2007

SOILS
Map Unit Name
(Series and Phase): Tate loam,2 to 8 percent slopes (TaB) Drainage Class well-drained
Field Observations
Taxonomy(Subgroup): mesic Typic$a ludults Confirm Mapped Type? Yes No
Profile Description:
Depth Matrix Color Mottle Colors Mottle Texture,Concretions,
(inches) Horizon (Munsell Moist l (Munsell Moist) Abundance/Contrast Structure,etc.
0-12 B 2.5Y 4/1 5Y12 4/6 few/distinct silt loam
Histosol Concretions
Histic Epipedon High Organic Content in Surface Layer in Sandy Soils
Sulfidic Odor Organic Streaking in Sandy Soils
Aquic Moisture Regime Listed on Local Hydric Soils List(Inclusions)
Reducing Conditions Listed on National Hydric Soils List
—�Gleyed or Low-Chroma Colors Other(Explain in Remarks)
Remarks:
Indicators of h dric soils are present.
WETLAND DETERMINATION
Hydrophytic Vegetation Present? Yes No (Circle)
Wetland Hydrology Present? Yes No (Circle)
Hydric Soils Present? Yes No Is this Sampling Point Within a Wetland? Yes No
Remarks:
Data point is representative of a jurisdictional wetland area.
Approved by HQUSACE 2192
Routine On-Site Data Forms Page 2 of-2-- 10/22/2007

DATA FORM
ROUTINE WETLAND DETERMINATION
(1987 COE Wetlands Delineation Manual)
Project/Site: Asheville Regional Airport Project Date: 06/12/07
Applicant/Owner: Asheville Regional Airport Authority County: Buncombe
Investigator(s): Matt Jenkins,WPIT and Paul Bright State: NC
Do Normal Circumstances exist on the site? Yes No Community ID: wetlan
Is the site significantly disturbed(Atypical Situation)? Yes No Transect ID:
Is the area a potential Problem Area? Yes No Plot ID: DP4
(If needed, explain on reverse.)
VEGETATION
Dominant Plant-Species Stratum Indicator Dominant Plant Species Stratum Indicator
1 Nyssa sylvatica tree FAC 9
2 Salix nigra tree OBL 10
3 Carpinus caroliniana tree FAC 11
4 Cornus amomum shrub FACW+ 12
5 Boehmerla cylindrica herb FACW+ 13
6 Carex spp. herb * 14
7 Juncus effusus herb FACW+ 15
8 Impatiens capensis herb FACW 16
Percent of Dominant Species that are OBL, FACW or FAC
100%
Remarks: *Please note this species was not identified to species and was therefore excluded from the FAC-Neutral test.
All of the dominant plant species are FAC or wetter.
HYDROLOGY
Recorded Data(Describe in remarks): Wetland Hydrology Indicators:
Stream, Lake or Tide Gauge Primary Indicators:
Aerial Photographs X Inundated
Other �Saturated in Upper 12 Inches
X No Recorded Data Available Water Marks
Drift Lines
Field Observations: Sediment Deposits(on leaves)
Drainage Patterns in Wetlands
Depth of Surface Water: 0-2 (in.) Secondary Indicators(2 or more required):
Oxidized Root Channels in Upper 12 Inches
Depth to Free Water in Pit: N/A _ (in.) Water-Stained Leaves
Local.Soil Survey Data
Depth to Saturated Soil: >12 (in.) ��FAC-Neutral Test
Other(Explain in Remarks)
Remarks:
Indicators of wetland hydroloav are vresent.
Routine On-Site Data Forms Page 1 of-2" 10/22/2007

SOILS
Map Unit Name
(Series and Phase): Tate loam,2 to 8 percent slopes (TaB) Drainage Class well-drained
Field Observations
Taxonomy(Subgroup): mesic Typic Ha ludults Confirm Mapped Type? Yes No
Profile Description:
Depth Matrix Color Mottle Colors Mottle Texture,Concretions,
(inches) Horizon (Munsell Moist) (Munsell Moist) Abundance/Contrast Structure,etc.
0-12 B 1OYR 4/1 N/A N/A silt loam
Histosol Concretions
Histic Epipedon High Organic Content in Surface Layer in Sandy Soils
Sulfidic Odor Organic Streaking in Sandy Soils
Aquic Moisture Regime Listed on Local Hydric Soils List(Inclusions)
Reducing Conditions Listed on National Hydric Soils List
T-Gleyed or Low-Chroma Colors Other(Explain in Remarks)
Remarks:
Indicators of h dric soils are present.
WETLAND DETERMINATION
Hydrophytic Vegetation Present? Yes No (Circle
Wetland Hydrology Present? Yes No (Circle)
Hydric Soils Present? Yes No Is this Sampling Point Within a Wetland? Yes No
Remarks:
Data point is representative of a jurisdictional wetland area.
Approved by HQUSACE 2192
Routine On-Site Data Forms Page 2 of-2 `... 10/22/2007

DATA FORM
ROUTINE WETLAND DETERMINATION
(1987 COE Wetlands Delineation Manual)
Project/Site: Asheville Regional Airport Project Date: 03/12/08
Applicant/Owner: Asheville Regional Airport Authority County: Buncombe
Investigator(s): Ron Johnson,PWS and Thomas Blackwell State: NC
Do Normal Circumstances exist on the site? Yes No Community ID: wetlan
Is the site significantly disturbed (Atypical Situation)? Yes No Transect ID:
Is the area a potential Problem Area? Yes No Plot ID: DP5
(If needed, explain on reverse.)
VEGETATION
Dominant Plant Species Stratum Indicator Dominant Plant Species Stratum Indicator
1 Juncus effusus herb FACW+ 9
2 Carex spp. herb * 10
3 Ligustrum sinense shrub FAC 11
4 12
5 13
6 14
15
8 16
Percent of Dominant Species that are OBL,FACW or FAC
66%
Remarks: 'Please note this species was not identified to species and was therefore excluded from the FAC-Neutral test.
Greater than 50% of dominantspecies are FAC or wetter.
HYDROLOGY
Recorded Data(Describe in remarks): Wetland Hydrology Indicators:
Stream, Lake or Tide Gauge Primary Indicators:
Aerial Photographs X Inundated
Other �Saturated in Upper 12 Inches
X No Recorded Data Available Water Marks
Drift Lines
Field Observations: Sediment Deposits(on leaves)
-�Drainage Patterns in Wetlands
Depth of Surface Water. 0-2 (in.) Secondary Indicators(2 or more required):
Oxidized Root Channels in Upper 12 Inches.
Depth to Free Water in Pit: N/A (in.) Water-Stained Leaves
Local Soil Survey Data
Depth to Saturated Soil: 0 (in.) FAC-Neutral Test
Other(Explain in Remarks)
Remarks:
Indicators of wetland h drolo are liresent.
Routine On-Site Data Forms Page 1 of_2 - 5i1i2008

SOILS
Map Unit Name
(Series and Phase): Tate loam,2 to 8 percent slopes (TaB) Drainage Class well-drained
Field Observations
Taxonomy(Subgroup): mesic Tylpie Halpludults Confirm Mapped Type? Yes No
Profile Description:
Depth Matrix Color Mottle Colors Mottle Texture,Concretions,
(inches) Horizon (Munsell Moist l (Munsell Moist) Abundance/Contrast Structure,etc.
0-12 B 2.5Y 4/2 7.5YR 5/6 many/distinct silt loam
Histosol Concretions
Histic Epipedon High Organic Content in Surface Layer in Sandy Soils
Sulfidic Odor Organic Streaking in Sandy Soils
Aquic Moisture Regime Listed on Local Hydric Soils List(Inclusions)
Reducing Conditions Listed on National Hydric Soils List
�-Gleyed or Low-Chroma Colors Other(Explain in Remarks)
Remarks:
Indicators of h dric soils are present.
WETLAND DETERMINATION
Hydrophytic Vegetation Present? Yes No (Circle)
Wetland Hydrology Present? Yes No (Circle)
Hydric Soils Present? Yes No Is this Sampling Point Within a Wetland? Yes No
Remarks:
Data oint is representative of a 'urisdictional wetland area.
Approved by HOUSACE 2/92
Routine On-Site Data Forms Page 2 of 2 -" 5/1/2008

North Carolina Division of Water Quality -Stream Identification Form; Version 3.1
Date: 06/12/2007 ProjeCtheville Regional Airport Project Latitude: N35.445430
Evaluator:Nffij&pAB Site: SCF1 Longitude: W82.540940
Total Points: Perennial Stream A
east intermittent County'Stream is at L Other
I if�: 19 or perennial if?30 33.50 ty:Buncombe e.g.Quad Name:
A. Geomorphology (Subtotal = 15.5Absent .....Utdak............... ..........
1'. Continuous bed and bank 2.0 0 1 2 3
2. Sinuosity 2.0 0 1 2 3
3. In-channel structure: riffle-pool sequence 2.0 0 1 2 3
4. Sail texture or stream substrate sorting 2.0 0 1 2 3
5. Active/relic floodplain 1.0 0 1 2 3
6. Depositional bars or benches 1.0 0 1 2 3
7. Braided channel 0.0 0 1 2 3
8. Recent alluvial deposits 1.0 0 1 2 3
9 a Natural levees 1.0 0 1 2 3
10. Headcuts 2.0 0 1 2 3
11. Grade controls 1.5 0 0.5 1 1.5
12. Natural valley or drainageway 0.0 0 0.5 1 1.5
13. Second or greater order channel on existing
USGS or MRCS map or other documented No=0 Yes= 3
evidence. 0.0
0 Man-made ditches are not rated;see discussions in manual
B. Hydrology (Subtotal =_9-_0 )
14. Groundwater flow/discharge 2.0 0 1 2 3
15.Water in channel and > 48 Ihrs since rain, or
Water in channel--dry or growing season 2.0 0 1 2 3
16. Leaflitter 1.5 1.5 1 0.5 0
17. Sediment on plants or debris 1.0 0 0.5 1 1.5
18. Organic debris lines or piles(Wrack lines) 1.0 E: 0 0.5 1 1.5
19. Hydric soils (redoximorphic features) present?1.5 Nc= O Yes 1.5
C. Biology (Subtotal = 9.00
20". Fibrous roots in channel 3.0 3 2 1 0
216. Rooted plants in channel 3.0 3 2 1 0
22. Crayfish 0.0 0 0.5 1 1.5
23- Bivalves 0.0 0 1 2 :3
24. Fish 0.0 0 0.5 1 1.5
25. Amphibians 1.5 0 0.5 1 1.5
26. Macrobenthos(note diversity and abiiric16nce) 0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5
27. Filamentous algae-, periphyton 1.0 0 1 2 3
28. Iron oxidizing bacteriatfungus. 0.0 0 0.5 1 1.5
29 b. Wetland plants in streambed 0.00, FAC= 05: FACW=0.75; QBL= 1.5 SAV=2.0; Other=0
'Items 20 and 21 focus on the presence of upland plants, Item 29 focuses on the presenceof.aquatic or wetland plants.
Notes: (use back side of this form for additional notes.) Sketch:

North Carolina Division of Water Quality-Stream Identification Form; Version 3.1
Date: 06/12/2007 Projectheville Regional Airport Project Latitude: N35.445430
Evaluator:AIL &PAB Site: SCP2 Longitude: W82.540940
Total Points: Perennial Stream A
Stream is at least intermittent county: Other
I if�: 19 or perennial if�:30 36.50 'Buncombe e.g.Quad Marne_
A. Geon-lorphology (subtotal = :
17.5
;Strong.............
.... ... ...........
: .......
15'_ Continuous bed and bank 2.0 0 1 2 3
2. Sinuosity. 3.0 0 1 2 3
3- In-channel structure: riffle-pool sequence 2.0 0 1 2 3
4. Soil texture or stream substrate sorting 2.0 0 1 2 3
S. Active/relic floodplain 2.0 0 1 2 3
6. Depositional bars or benches 1.0 0 1 2 3
7. Braided channel 0.0 0 1 2 3
8. Recent alluvial deposits 1.0 0 1 2 3
9'Natural levees 1.0 0 1 2 3
10. Headcuts 2.0 0 1 2 3
11. Grade controls 0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5
12. Natural valley or d rainageway 1.0 0 0.5 1 1.5
13. Second or greater order channel on existing
USGS or N RCS map or other documented No=a Yes=3
evidence. 0.0
Man-made ditches are not rated;see discussions in manual
B. Hydrology (Subtotal =_2_5 )
14. Groundwater flovildischarge 3.0 0 1 2 3
15. Water in channel and > 48 hrs since rain, or
Water in channel--dry or growing season 2.0 0 1 2 3
15. Leaffitter 1.0 1.5 1 0.5 0
17. Sediment on plants or debris 1.0 0 0.5 1 1.5
1 S. Organic debris lines or piles(Wrack lines) 1.0 0 0.5 1 1.5
19. Hydric soils (redoximorphic features) present?1.5 No=0 Yes= 1.5
C. Biology (Subtotal = 9.5-0--)
20". Fibrous roots in channel 3.0 3 2 1 0
21b. Rooted plants in channel 3.0 3 2 1 0
22. Crayfish 0.0 0 0.5 1 1.5
23- Bivalves 0.0 0 1 2 3
24. Fish 0.0 0 0.5 1 1.5
25. Amphibians 1.0 0 0.5 1 1.5
26. Macrobenthos(note diversity and abundance) 0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5
-27. Filamentous algae; periphyton 2.0 0 1 2 3
28. Iron oxidizing bacteriatfungus. 0.0 0 0.5 1 1.5
29". Wetland plants in streambed 0.00 FAC= 0.5: FACW=0.75; 0 BL= 1.5 SAV=2.0; Other=
Items 20 and 21 focus on the presence of upland plants, Item 29 focuses on the presence of aquatic or wetland plants.
Sketch:
Notes: (use back side of this form for additional notes.) A
-h/0

North Carolina Division of Water Quality -Stream Identification Form; Version 3.1
Date: 06/12/2007 Projectheville Regional Airport Project Latitude: N35.445430
Evaluator:A/lLj&pA]3 Site: SCP3 Longitude: W82.540940
Total Points: ent ',ounty" Perennial Stream A
Stream is at least intem?itfe Other
I if�: 19 or perennial if�:30 35.501 C 'Buncombe e.g.Quad ivernie.
A. Geomorphology (Subtotal= 17.5
.................... ...... ........ .....
1 a_ Continuous bed and bank 2.0 0 1 2 3
2. Sinuosity 3.0 0 1 2 3
3. In-channel structure:-riffle-pool sequence 2.0 0 1 2 3
d. Soil texture or stream substrate sorting 2.0 0 1 2 3
S. Active/relic floodplain 2.0 0 1 2 3
6. Depositional bars or benches 1.0 0 1 2 3
7. Braided channel 0.0 0 1 2 3
8. Recent alluvial deposits 1.0 0 1 2 3
9' Natural levees 1.0 0 1 2 3
10. Headcuts 2.0 0 1 1 2 3
11. Grade controls 0.5 C) 0.:5 1 1.5
12. Natural valley or drainageway 1.0 0 0.5 1 1.5
13. Second or greater order channel on existing
USGS or NRCS map or other documented No= 0 Yes= 3
evidence. 0.0
Man-made ditches are not rated;see discussions in manual
B. Hydrology (Subtotal =_9.5 )
14. Groundwater flow/discharge 3.0 0 1 2 3
15.Water in channel and > 48 hrs since rain, or 0 1 2 3
Water in channel dry or qrowing__�eas�on_ 2.0
1 S. Leaf litter 1.6 1.5 1 0.5 0
17. Sediment on plants or debris 1.0 0 0.5 1 1.5
18. Organic debris lines or piles(Wrack lines) 1.0 0 0.5 1 1.5
19. Hydric soils (redoximorphic features) present?1.5 No= 0 Yes= 1.5
C. Biology (Subtotal = 8.50
200. Fibrous roots in channel 3.0 3 2 1 0
21b. Rooted plants in channel 3.0 3 2 1 0
-22. Crayfish 0.0 0 0.5 1 1.5
23. Bivalves 0.0 0 1 2 3
24. Fish 1.0 0 0.5 1 1.5
-25. Amphibians 1.0 0 0.5 1 1.5
26. Macrcbenthcs(note diversity and abundance) 0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5
27- Filamentous-algae,- periphyton 0.0' 0 1 2 3
28. Iron oxidizing bacterialfungus. 0.0 0 0.5 1 1.5
29 b. Wetland plants in streambed 0.00, FAC= 0.5: FACW=0.75; OBL= 1.5 SAV=2.0; Other=0
Items 20 and 21 focus on the presence of upland plants, Item 29 focuses on the presence of aquatic or 1hretland plants.
Notes: (use back side of this form for additional notes.) Sketch:

North Carolina Division of Water Quality -Stream Identification Form; Version 3.1
Date: 06/12/2007 Proieethev;lle Regional Airport Project Latitude: N35.445430
Evaluator:NffiJ&pAB Site: SCP4 Longitude: w82,540940
Total Points: Other
Unimportant Intermittent
Stream is at least intermittent �� 50 county:Btnncombe O
if>19 or erennialff a 30 g.Quacwan-e. Stream B
halo subtotal = 13.0
p 9Y ( ) absent: Vtle
A. Geomorphology Moderate... ...Strong.....
13- Continuous bed and bank 2.0 0 1 2 3
2. Sinuosity 2.0 0 1 2 3
3. In-channel structure: riffle-pool sequence 1.0 0 1 2 3
4. Soil texture or stream substrate sorting 2.0 0 1 2 3
5. Active/relic floodplain 1.0 0 1 2 3
6. Depositional bars or benches 1.0 0 1 2 3
7. Braided channel 0.0 0 1 2 3
8- Recent alluvial deposits 1.0 0 1 2 3
9 a Natural levees 0.0 0 1 2 3
10. Headcuts 2.0 0 1 2 3
11. Grade controls 0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5
12. Natural valley or drainageway 0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5
13. Second or greater order channel on existing
USGS or MRCS map or other documented No=0 Yes= 3
evidence. 0.0
Man-made ditches are not rated;see discussions in manual
B. Hydrology (Subtotal = 4.5 1
14- Groundwater flovvldischarge 1.0 0 1 2 3
15.'Water in channel and > 48 hrs since rain, or 0 1 2 3
Water in channel--dry or growing season 0.0
18. Leaflitter 1.0 1.5 1 Q5 0
17. Sediment on plants or debris 0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5
1 S. Organic debris lines or piles(Wrack lines) 0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5
19. Hydric soils (redoximorphic features) present?1,5 No= 0 Yes= 1.5
C. Biology (Subtotal = 6.00
20b. Fibrous roots in channel 3.0 3 2 1 0
21b. Rooted plants in channel 3.0 3 2 1 0
22- Crayfish 0.0 0 0.5 1 1.5
23- Bivalves 0.0 0 1 2 3
24. Fish 0.0 0 0.5 1 1.5
25. Amphibians 0.0 0 0.5 1 1.5
26. Macrobenthos(note diversity and abundance) 0.0 0 0.5 1 1.5
27- Filamentous algae; periphyton 0.0 0 1 2 3
28. Iron oxidizing bacteria/fungus. 0.0 0 0.5 1 1.5
29b. Wetland plants in streambed 0.00 FAC= 0.5; FACW=0.75; OBL= 1.5 SAV=2.0; Other=0
Items 20 and 21 focus on the presence of upland plants, Item 29 focuses on the presence of aquatic or leoetland plants.
Notes: (use back side of this form for additional notes)
Sketch:

North Carolina Division of Water Quality -Stream Identification Form; Version 3.1
Date: 06/12/2007 FDrojectheville Regional Airport Project Latitude: N35.445430
Evaluator:Nffij&pAB Site: SCP5 Longitude: W82.540940
Total Points: Other Perennial Stream C
Stream is at least intermittent County'
if? 19 or perennial if�:30 30.00 1 ty:Buncombe e.g-Quad Ate me.
A. Geornorphology (Subtotal = 14.0
1'- Continuous bed and bank 2.0 0 1 2 3
2. Sinuosity 1.0 0 1 2 3
3. In-channel structure: riffle-pool sequence 2.0 0 1 2 3
4. Soil texture or stream substrate sorting 2.0 0 1 2 3
5. Active/relic floodplain 2.0 0 1 2 3
S. Depositional bars or benches 1.0 0 1 2 3
7. Braided channel 0.0 0 1 2 3
S. Recent alluvial deposits 1.0 0 .1 2 3
9 a Natural levees 1.0 0 1 2 3
10. Headcuts 1.0 0 1 2 3
11. Grade controls 0.5 o 0.5 1 1.5
12. Natural valley or d rainageway 0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5
13. Second or greater order channel on existing
USGS or NRCS map or other documented No= 0 Yes= 3
evidence. 0.0
Man-made ditches are not rated;see discussions in manual
B. Hydrology (Subtotal
14. Groundwater flow/discharge 2.0 0 1 2 3
15.Water in channel and > 48 hrs since rain, or 0 2 3
Water in channel--dry or growing season 2.0
16. Leaflitter 1.5 1.5 1 0.5 0
17. Sediment on plants or debris 0.5 0 1 0.5 1 1.5
18. Organic debris lines or piles(Wrack lines) 1.0 0 1 �.5 1 1.5
19. Hydric soils (redoximorphic features) present?1.5 No= a Yes= 1.5
C. Biology (Subtotal =-7.-501-)
200. Fibrous roots in channel 3.0 3 2 1 0
21". Rooted plants in channel 3.0 3 2 1 0
22. Crayfish 0.0 0 0.5 1 1.5
23- Bivalves 0.0 0 1 2 3
24. Fish 0.0 0 0.5 1 1.5
25. Amphibians 0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5
26. Macrobenthos(note diversity and abundance) 0.5 0 0.5 1 1.6
27. Filamentous algae:- periphyton 0.0 0 1 2 3
28. Iron oxidizing bacteria/fungus. 0.5 0 1 0.5 1 1.5
29". Wetland plants in streambed 0.00, FAC= 0.5: FACW=0.75; OBL 1.5 SAV=2.0; Other=0
'Items 20 and 21 focus on the presence of upland plants, Item 29 focuses on the presence of aquatic or wetland plants.
Notes: (use back side of this form for additional notes-) Sketch:

North Carolina Division of Water Quality -Stream Identification Form; Version 3.1
Date: 03/12/2008 ProjeCtheville Regional Airport Projea Latitude: N35.445430
Evaluator:TJB &RGJ Site: SCP6 Longitude: W82.540940
Total Points: Other Unimportant Intermittent
Stream is at least interrr0ttent county'
I if�: 19 or perenniaf if�:30 22.50 1 "Y:Buncombe e.g.Quad Name: Stream
A. Geomorphology (Subtotal = 12.0 .............
..........
13. Continuous bed and bank 2.0 0 1 2 3
2. Sinuosity 2.0 0 1 2 3
3. In-channel structure: riffle-pool sequence 1.0 0 1 2 3
4. Soil texture or stream substrate sorting 1.0 0 1 2 3
5. Active/relicfloodplain 1.0 0 1 2 3
6. Depositional bars or benches 1.0 0 1 2 3
7. Braided channel 0.0 0 1 2 3
8. Recent alluvial deposits 1.0 0 1 2 3
9'Natural levees 0.0 0 1 2 3
10. Headcuts 2.0 0 1 2 3
11. Grade controls 0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5
12. Natural valley or drainageway 0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5
13. Second or greater order channel on existing
USGS or NRCS map or other documented No=0 Yes=3
evidence. 0.0
Man-made ditches are not rated;see discussions in manual
B. Hydrology (Subtotal =_4.5...
14. Groundwater flovildischarge .1.0 0 1 2- 3
15..'Water in channel and > 48 hrs since rain, or 0 1 2 3
Water in channel--dry or growing season . 0.0.
16. Leaflitter 1.0 1.5 1 0.5 0
1-7. Sediment on plants or debris 0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5
18. Organic debris lines or piles(Wrack lines) 0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5
19. Hydric soils (redoximorphic features) present?1.5 No= 0 Yes= 1.5
C. Biology (Subtotal = 6.00
20". Fibrous roots in channel 3.0 3 2 1 0
21b. Rooted plants in channel 3.0 3 2 1 0
22. Crayfish 0.0 0 0.5 1 1.5
-23- Bivalves 0.0 0 1 2 3
24. Fish 0.0 0 0.5 1 1.5
25. Amphibians 0.0 0 0.5 1 1.5
26. Macrobenthos(note diversity and abundance) 0.0 0 0.5 1 1.5
27. Filamentous algae,- periphyton 0.0 0 1 2 3
28. Iron oxidizing bacteriatfungus. 0.0, 0 0.5 1 1.5
29b. Wetland plants in streambed 0.001 FAC= 0.5: FACW=0.75; OBL= 1.5 SAV=2.0; Other=0
'Items 20 and 21 focus on the presence of upland plants, Item 29 for-uses on the presence of aquatic or)imtland plants.
Notes: (use back side of this form for additional notes.) Sketch:

Borth Carolina Division of Water Quality -Stream Identification Form; Version 3.1
Date: 03/12/2008 Projeetheville Regional Airport Project Latitude: N35.445430
Evaluator:TJB &RGJ site: SCP7 Longitude: W82.540940
Total Points: other Perennial Stream E
: 19Stream is at�nni intermittenti3 30 00 county.Buncombe if>_ 99 or ereRniaf if>_3D e.g.Qua dive me:
A. Geomor holo _........ _. .. . ..
p gy (Subtotal -- 3.0 }
:Aliseni€ 1Neak = I�JfoderafeStro'ng
13. Continuous bed and bank 2.0 0 1 2 3
2_ Sinuosity 1.0 0 1 2 3
3. In-channel structure:riffle-pool sequence 1.0 0 1 2 3
4. Soil texture or stream substrate sorting 2.0 0 1 2 3
5. Active/relic floodplain 2.0 _0 _1 2 3
6. Depositional bars or benches 1.0 0 1 2 3
7. Braided channel 0.0 0 1 2 3
8. Recent alluvial deposits 1.0 0 1 2 3
9 a Natural levees 1.0 0 1 2 3
10. Headcuts 1.0 0 1 2 3
11. Grade controls 0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5
12_ Natural valley or drainageway 0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5
13. Second or greater order channel on existing
USGS or MRCS map or other documented No=0 Yes=3
evidence. 0.0
Man-made ditches are not rated;see discussions in manual
B. Hydrology (Subtotal = 8.5
14. Groundwater flovvldischarge 2.0 0 1 2 3
15.Water in channel and > 48 hrs since rain, or 0 1 2 3
Water in channel--dry or grcwina season _2.0
16. Leaflitter 1.5 1.5 1 0.5 0
17. Sediment on plants or debris 0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5
18. Organic debris lines or piles(Wrack lines) 1.0 0 0.5 1 1.5
19. Hydric soils (redoximorphic features) present?1.5 No=0 Yes= 1.5
C. Biology (Subtotal = 8.50 )
20b. Fibrous roots in channel 3.0 3 2 1 0
21 . Rooted plants in channel 3.0 3 2 1 0
22. Crayfish 0.0 0 0.5 1 1.5
23. Bivalves 0.0 0 1 2 3
24. Fish 0.0 0 0.5 1 1.5
25. Amphibians 0.5 0 0.5 .1 1.5
26. Macrobenthos(note diversity and abundance) 0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5
27. Filamentous algae-, periphyton 1.0 0 1 1 2 3
28. Iron oxidizing bacteriatfungus. 0.5 0 0.5 1 1 1.5
29 . Wetland plants in streambed 0.00 1 FAC=0.5: FACW=0.75; OBL= 1.5 SAV=2.0; Other=0
Items 20 and 21 focus on the presence of upland plants, Item 29 focuses on the presence of aquatic or%vetland plants.
Notes: (use back side of this form for dditional notes.)
Sketch:
^► Ion

OFFICE USE ONLY: USACE AID# DWQ#
SCP1 —Perennial Stream A
STREAM QUALITY ASSESSMENT W®RKSHEET
1.Applicant's Name: Asheville Regional Airport Authority 2.Evaluator's Name:Matt Jenkins and Paul Bright
3.Date of Evaluation: 6/12/07 4.Time of Evaluation: 12:00 pm
5.Name of Stream: UT to Broad River 6.River Basin: Broad
7. Approximate Drainage Area: 65 acres 8. Stream Order: First
en-nh 't Reach vahlated: 100 1i 10. County: Buncombe
11. Location of reach under evaluation (include nearby roads and landmarks): Travel south on Interstate 85 (I-85) and merge onto
I-26 West via Exit 70 toward Asheville. Travel approximately 48.6 miles and take the NC-280 exit (Exit 40) toward Asheville
Regional Airport/Arden. Travel approximately 0.2 mile and turn left onto New Airport Road/NC-280 Travel approximately 0 2
mile and turn right onto General Aviation Drive. Travel approximately 0.3 mile and the site will be straight ahead
12. Site Coordinates(if known): N35.445430,W82.540940
13.Proposed Channel Work(if any): N/A
14.Recent Weather Conditions:no rain within the past 48 hours
15.Site conditions at time of visit: sunny 80 degrees
16.Identify any special waterway classifications known: _Section 10 _Tidal Waters _Essential Fisheries Habitat
_Trout Waters _Outstanding Resource Waters _Nutrient Sensitive Waters _Water Supply Watershed (I-M
17.Is there a pond or lake located upstream of the evaluation point? YES NO If yes,estimate the water surface area:
18.Does channel appear on USGS quad map?(D NO 19.Does channel appear on USDA Soil Survey? NO
20.Estimated Watershed Land Use: _%Residential 40 %Commercial _%Industrial _%Agricultural
10 gg _
o r oreste o 'eared/Lo -�ed- --°l Other
21.Bankfull Width: 4-5' 22.Bank Height(from bed to top of bank): 34'
23. Channel slope down center of stream: _Flat(0 to 21/6) X Gentle(2 to 4%) _Moderate(4 to 10%) _Steep(>101/6)
24.Channel Sinuosity: Straight _Occasional Bends X Frequent Meander _Very Sinuous _Braided Channel
Instructions for completion of worksheet (located on page 2): Begin by determining the most appropriate ecoregion based on
location, terrain, vegetation, stream classification, etc. Every characteristic must be scored using the same ecoregion. Assign points to each
characteristic within the range shown for the ecoregion. Page 3 provides a brief description of how to review the characteristics identified in the
worksheet. Scores should reflect an overall assessment of the stream reach under evaluation. If a characteristic cannot be evaluated due to site or
weather conditions,enter 0 in the scoring box and provide an explanation in the comment section. Where there are obvious changes in the character
of a stream under review (e.g., the stream flows from a pasture into a forest), the stream may be divided into smaller reaches that display more
continuity,and a separate form used to evaluate each reach. The total score assigned to a stream reach must range between 0 and 100,with a score of
100 representing a stream of the highest quality.
Total Score (from reverse): 49 Comments:
Evaluator's Signature J"� Date -5-11().5
This channel evaluation form is intend to be used only as a guide to assist landowners and environmental professionals in
gathering the data required by the United States Army Corps of Engineers in order to make a preliminary assessment of
stream quality. The total score resulting from the completion of this form is subject to USACE approval and does not imply a
particular mitigation ratio or requirement. Form subject to change—version 05/03. To Comment,please call 919-876-8441 x 26.
I

STREAM QUALITY ASSESSMENT WORKSHEET
SCPI — Perennial Stream A
to�'0, s
T � � �� �
ACID SC
�.� ��SC� �g
H� � '' I?resenc+�of flow f,pers�stent"pmols�n stream.- p �, 3
(u-o1Qw oraturatzon„0,slrc?nftaw,_ max ,€wits 4
K l A ence al past,xwpaj xallera�on 77
Cextns�e alteratxan, ° 0,no a teratiaxr ua77-7
x
r.,
Ipariar 0
(no:buler- '0 eantiguoo , uncle firer ° a.�, oirits}
} R r#dence of put Sent•ar alien cal rlisclaarg�s: �,
(extensive discharges O,:n'o aisclz des—max points)
0' 0 4°
Groundwater chscarge 0
nc�dischax e f},s nnpgs,see s/yWeClarrds etc. may; aunts a p �
Off Id acent
todplaxn� ' 4
.s � Q£load lam €,e tensive,Ac�ad Iax� acua c zht} �...
° 0; 4 p 4 fil 2
�� ,� = Pntrenchment 1 floodpla�access '
dee entrrchedent flondn rt gvts} °z 2 2
Q p
e , Presenee`arad�aceut'wetlands
(ut�wetlands=0,large adiacent wetlands �na�4 aims} p 0
6�N � g Channel sanumrsrty '� 0 Q� � � � 3
X�£'IISI fx2allT1��1LO12 ,,. Ic111Tctl SY1L'c11dE '=t7i"dX £1I11tSa ( 3
x�S" fl1iXYent u�tput `� w+ _ 3
f
exfi nszue de asitsan 0,lzttler na sediment xna omts}
p' 4 3
1ZLia "(�IVe�s 0 C 'Apoj, edStlkJStr �e LL v
➢'�'�:., ° . ...` °�(�1�,,lif��na eT1DtTS��,lar f:,.:f�C7;er��vlLt:S�=IIlaX� (?III�S a-� �?'�� �. �' � �.° � �
3
Tvxdenee cif cl%a�azzelzcaszon°:nrdng
;'� fncsedbid&Zaks znax units} ( S 2
o�maloF lank fa�l�.n-es � � �3 11
3
s '(seuere�e�c�sFon=—t0,Ana erastars stabl�l�anl�s=may,, Quits �, f 3 �
l os t dep", and density on banlr
{naslle rqa (l,dense rg tbrciu hoot nr�ax; .clzz�ts}
Q 3 !7 4 bf 2
sact b agr�cnttre or hvestael prodt�chon
a. substantiale�xdeuc .,rnax amts) 4
F% if s Pesencn:uf r�ftle-pool/arpe-pnot ter �tplexes p
(na rest des ar €�o1s 0,well dereo
r INHabitat co�npie�t
jJ
l 7 ]rttla or no habitat ; fre anent, ax ed iab�tats max amt k
Q # & 3
Cauapy eoverii"� er stroambeil
shadii vgetataan 0,cantxittaus-cana znax omts} t} a41 5 0
P - SullSM.
1
dee ly,erubeddecl .0,Slciase straeture-max
£ 2
x 'resence of -'ea�in mvertet�rates
2
(uQ ei ence, ,Cl,c©znan;°rieras«q es a ;i? ts} 0
2
Presence of aanplubans
�
0 � 3
.<'na�t�Id11C .__.{,.GQn121}.f}II�.FFL11I1£ f7LIS lS -.211a7 ,QInS
€ Pre5enC+�Uf flSh '
, f 22,
Ina e�zdez�ee ��eaxonr z�txxcerous.- es "�� � � �
y _
0
3
V� *e'Ofwi a use
alundantvdence rna Of
otnt ©� p 0
�'r s s 3' .; s;, lE` <• , 3, y x p w P§3' t lE P ' ,.k .T/i sa'g s- py.5+ y G sl r R'sh".
:,q' 3//„ � i� 0„r.,, �`/ s ;✓i',s: �?,v%'..
f
49
*These characteristics are not assessed in coastal streams.
2

OFFICE USE ONLY: USACE AID# DWQ#
SCP2—Perennial Stream A
STREAM QUALITY ASSESSMENT WORKSHEE'I'
M
'
1.Applicant's Name: Asheville Regional Airport Authority 2.Evaluator's Name:Matt Jenkins and Paul Bright
3.Date of Evaluation: 6/12/07 4.Time of Evaluation:__ 12:30 pm
5.Name of Stream: UT to Broad River - 6.River Basin: Broad
7.Approximate Drainage Area: 65 acres 8. Stream Order: First
9.Length of Reach Evaluated: 200 if 10. County: Buncombe
11. Location of reach under evaluation (include nearby roads and landmarks): Travel south on Interstate 85 (I-85) and merge onto
I-26 West via Exit 70 toward Asheville. Travel approximately 48 6 miles and take the NC-280 exit (Exit 40) toward Asheville
Regional Airport/Arden. Travel approximately 0.2 mile and turn left onto New Aimort Road/NC-280 Travel approximately 0 2
mile and turn right onto General Aviation Drive Travel approximately 0 3 mile and the site will be straight ahead
12. Site Coordinates(if known): N35.445430.W82.540940
13.Proposed Channel Work(if any): N/A
14.Recent Weather Conditions:no rain within the past 48 hours
15.Site conditions at time of visit: sunny 80 degrees
16.Identify any special waterway classifications known: _Section 10 _Tidal Waters _Essential Fisheries Habitat
_Trout Waters =Outstanding Resource Waters _Nutrient Sensitive Waters _Water Supply Watershed (I-IV)
17.Is there a pond or lake located upstream of the evaluation point? YES NO If yes,estimate the water surface area:
18.Does channel appear on USGS quad map?Q NO 19.Does channel appear on USDA Soil Survey? NO
20.Estimated Watershed Land Use: _%Residential 40%Commercial _%Industrial %Agricultural
- - 10-%Forested ___50 %Cleared/Lagged, %Other
21.Bankfull Width: 4-5' 22.Bank Height(from bed to top of bank): 4-5'
23.Channel slope down center of stream: _Flat(0 to 2%) X Gentle(2 to 4%) _Moderate(4 to 10%) _Steep (>101/6)
24.Channel Sinuosity: Straight _Occasional Bends X FrequentMeander _Very Sinuous _Braided Channel
Instructions for completion of worksheet (located on page 2): Begin by determining the most appropriate ecoregion based on
location, terrain, vegetation, stream classification, etc. Every characteristic must be scored using the same ecoregion. Assign points to each
characteristic within the range shown for the ecoregion. Page 3 provides a brief description of how to.review the characteristics identified in the
worksheet. Scores should reflect an overall assessment of the stream reach under evaluation. If a characteristic cannot be evaluated due to site or
weather conditions,enter 0 in the scoring box and provide an explanation in the comment section. Where there are obvious changes in the character
of a stream under review(e.g., the stream flows from a pasture into a forest), the stream may be divided into smaller reaches that display more
continuity, and a separate form used to evaluate each reach. The total score assigned to a stream reach must range.between 0 and 100,with a score of
100 representing a stream of the highest quality.
Total Score (from reverse):. 51 Comments:
j /
Evaluator's Signature ,Qi Date �l) /Gg
This .channel evaluation form is intende t¢/be used only as a guide to assist landowners and-environmental professionals in
gathering the data required by the United States Army Corps of Engineers in order to make a preliminary assessment of
stream quality. The total score resulting from the completion of this form is subject to USACE approval and does not imply a
particular mitigation ratio or requirement. Form subject to change-version 05/08. To Comment,please call 919-876-8441 x 26.
1 _ __

STREAM QUALITY ASSESSMENT WORKSUEET
{y�^� �SCP2 —Perennial Stream A
s" �",L
h
Presence of floxff pers�sten peols Ott sirea� a h _ f} S 4
( Q flow vrsaraian gstran flaw_ tnax ants
JK
ia .41. a FIRM
. extensve allerati€ ,,Q, :alterat#fln—" -aztts};.
0 5 2
3 pariah zo
csn m (l x tl r 0
(no true -4,couuous ode buffer, maw outs „K,.. __. ,m
-ydencer nubU f 6t ehe ca drseharge
itsAT (extestve dschages M%a daschges, p g
fl 4 4 3
xnax ort .
q t1Q dTSC1cT e Q, 131g5r SOP 5x Wetl3TidS=etG' IlIY 011lta4�
3cold
zC3E`I�C4(? atlJaceri�flF14(ip1a111
LQ flQOd 1a 0Xtt fil�L flvad larxa Otnts} Q } ` {} Za € 2
� ` rrd1�T`GIEC�1lllE'11�"��nOtTC��}�d371.�cC�'S � �a s a �.
w
dee 1 entrenched €1 tzent tl€iodmg= , Qn Sa Q �`
€ 4 2
s
Preser c of adlacenrands Wh,r 0 2 0
a - 'I'fl,WetandS 0,, T_eJCint-Weat�filskaX mass
9 Ctoo
lann8�S1t1UQ51 _ y u. x av�a ,, '✓`� r a
�� � „, � <flY�EILLS2�Xt C�artlle�tZatialI r--�i Tlatt7rall�Tlea�I(�L;� TYt'd�£ QIIlL�`� �� ����+
Lao
10 anr Sriument' �
x 3
y e tensiv
1 Size& jvgrg of cannel bed ul�gtrate f ` 3
:ems,. 5, e,,1OTufl e2101I5 Q,1ar `Cllt f r3e`S1ZYs ana 0111tS "}
y
,` •� 1 {ddee S c sed O,stable lied max vznts} S
(} 5 5 2
'reserveAW
51121
al anaTo banlfa�IuresE 0' ,
severe erasan fl;nci,erQsia ,stablbanits ina oint _ M 3
Rondeptlt and cetasty in bus
s
b env vzsible rvfls {ldens ~ c tkzrc�ugivutraa lz�rauts) 0Li
0, 5� 3
� � I ,a.. ` _ sizbstantia im•act ,€}x no ecdenee„,max mints} 0 4
7 S 1! 'll._{ryence- ii:"Y�VU � 1i'"nilf>• 1- RA4 1�. 8 s"3,R
{ v zx$lfz Ie"s yr awls 0,well deela etaax ants} Q 4
��
Irttle ar no haUitat fre entz vanediahitats
3
" sp �ub
Clio,
rca
_ 0
a Stll?S 21eSS ti v
Po�; iee 1 embedded Q,`lovse sxcturev max - x „� �' x
0 3
{nodeuee Q,carnara �tumerau es naax cuts}
fl 4 0 SS 5 2
Presence�€amplubiaus
pacp ply +�v
"� A i Fi"eSence a "Ff`S'h, ?
Pon
i,2
Q {? 440
VA
'YIf�PII4 L"`QI�E��I1S
�r � �y � r z's� s y�2v 65.r��r.��.0 � �,+i4�F����3h"'�6�� 5 P" c easy a� �y , 1 �� •€.s�� ��r��"v�,�_�/r ✓ e
W-AdAw— -.r»bfy 51
y; a zry z"
sy sg- lta'ka, z ''vv fin: „13 S}^3
�r-"�
.,,, ,,,z= .,.tea, ..,.8f _...,, „� ,��. _ »%._, x, ,,.,,,,n.�.:.>�'."..a,,.xt a✓;v ,,, ,,;�'�",,.a'�a�:.d ,,, .�s, ���£� "`. ,�.4�°"
*These characteristics are not assessed in coastal streams.
2

OFFICE USE ONLY: USACE AID# DWQ#
SCP3—Perennial Stream A
m , ; STREAM QUALITY ASSESSMENT WORKSHEET
1.Applicant's Name: Asheville Regional Airport Authority 2.Evaluator's Name:Matt Jenkins and Paul Bright
3.Date of Evaluation: 6/12/07 4.Time of Evaluation: 1:00 pm
5.Name of Stream: UT to Broad River 6.River Basin: Broad
7. Approximate Drainage Area: 65 acres 8. Stream Order: First
9. Len`th of Reach Evaluated: 300 if 0. Count-: Buncombe
11. Location of reach under evaluation (include nearby roads and landmarks): Travel south on Interstate 85 (I-85) and mere onto
I-26 West via Exit 70 toward Asheville. Travel approximately 48 6 miles and take the NC-280 exit (Exit 40) toward Asheville
Regional Airport/Arden. Travel approximately 0.2 mile and turn left onto New Airport Road/NC-280 Travel approximately 0 2
mile and turn right onto General Aviation Drive Travel approximately 0 3 mile and the site will be straight ahead
12. Site Coordinates(if known): N35.445430.W82.540940
13.Proposed Channel Work(if any): N/A
14.Recent Weather Conditions:no rain within the past 48 hours
15. Site conditions at time of visit: sunny 80 degrees
16.Identify any special waterway classifications known: _Section 10 _Tidal Waters _Essential Fisheries Habitat
_Trout Waters _Outstanding Resource Waters _Nutrient Sensitive Waters _Water Supply Watershed (I-IV)
17.Is there a pond or lake located upstream of the evaluation point? YES NO If yes, estimate the water surface area:
18.Does channel appear on USGS quad map?(a) NO 19.Does channel appear on USDA Soil Survey? NO
20.Estimated Watershed Land Use: _%Residential 40 %Commercial _%Industrial _%Agricultural
TO%o Foresfed - �0 '/Cleared%Lbgg6d _%
21.Bankfull Width: 4-5' 22.Bank Height(from bed to top of bank): 4-5'
2.3. Channel slope down center of stream: _Flat(0 to 2%) X Gentle(2 to 4%) _Moderate(4 to 10%) _Steep(>10%)
24. Channel Sinuosity: Straight _Occasional Bends X Frequent Meander _Very Sinuous _Braided Channel
Instructions for completion of worksheet (located on page 2): Begin by determining the most appropriate ecoregion based on
location, terrain, vegetation, stream classification, etc. Every characteristic must be scored using the same ecoregion. Assign points to each
characteristic within the range shown for the ecoregion. Page 3 provides a brief description of how to review the characteristics identified in the
worksheet. Scores should reflect an overall assessment of the stream reach under evaluation. If a characteristic cannot be evaluated due to site or
weather conditions, enter 0 in the scoring box and provide an explanation in the comment section. Where there are obvious changes in the character
of a stream under review (e.g., the stream flows from a pasture into a forest), the stream may be divided into smaller reaches that display more
continuity,and a separate form used to evaluate each reach. The total score assigned to a stream reach must range.between 0 and 100,with a score of .
100 representing a stream of the highest quality,
Total Score (from reverse): 53 Comments:
Evaluator's Signature �'" Date -/l
This channel evaluation form is intended�c be used only as a guide to assist landowners and environmental professionals in
gathering the data required by the United States Army Corps of Engineers in order to make a preliminary assessment of
stream quality. The total score resulting from the completion of this form is subject to USACE approval and does not imply a
particular mitigation ratio or requirement. Form subject to change—version 05/03. To Comment,please call 919-876-8441 x 26.
1

STREAM QUALITY ASSESSMENT W®RKSIIEET
SCP3 —Perennial Stream A
& R C TXC r� � E�I47?PAIN ffiCJ ,
i- r € �&� z '•�Aa��al '� �� P,�edin©nb 53 k� �� sa 2
1 PreSnCL'Ot fl(?Bi persaStent pQQS 2Ii Stt earls( ¢ as tea floes orsatt�xatlon �},•,+StCQ21 ,fl(lw"-'tmax (311Its � ' � �
4 5 4
1Gi vdenccu£past human altcrtibn
(exte �e.alteratliil. ..(},:uo altexatlr�n, ;inax pts}
t} 0 5 2
77
3'
Rrparla%a zone
(na.3uffer-- 0, coniguous,;`wadebcffet r.,ma�points} 0: 6 0 4 t? 5 0
vade�i e of�aaitl fent'ar cllesrtical tilscIaatgs
0 0 4 ;0 4
(e.ttensivc�discharges O,:no,dtschtirges—maY.points),
�G oundwatei discharge
5 Ala di5clar�� t�},s rsn's,see s,wetlands,etc max."' oxnts � 3 0 4 t} 4 e 3
PrF,esenee aad� caat#l+npia��ix Q 4 4' 2
�y (xro£toad lain Q,extee ffao lac _ ots�
Entrenchment 1 tVo, lain access
de l exltetzched 0,fre uel�t ffoading Minax. dints d
2
Pro' - n£adtcent wetlands;
g
f notlands 0�lar ad �acenuetlandsuax vests}� 0 Q 0
Channel suvsri
z € tPILSiVe f�Iafi2lEE'IZaf �2.. . x ktl3Ta �IIdnCPI,.`2na £�Ints zia e,
3
Sedllnnt nl elt x x
?}� l3
Oxtensi cle tisztzon Q,Elzttle,ar tro sedlxperit=zn s;';aznts}.
0 t3 3
51ze dlversaLy cicharinei bed substrate t `
`� � 4
� ,ll(?.YrIiT ery
nnusar £,C�f�eI3G S12@s IIn3Y, Cf1nS �� j; sy
��°��c >.�''C�1denC,f'Q�Gllal�n�"I 1nCIS10#ll Qr W�dell�lg � 's �
{
(dee Incased 0„stable befi&lamesax ornts�
4 S 2
E, l3 Prsenee Qflal�lr bank fa�ures
0` S t1 S t1 5 3
19
o rt rlept and dens txy 6 liars a
; ,,, nsible roots Q,elense rot lbrau Izt� xnax tits) p 3 4' tl 3
��, Impact by�gr�icultu�e,nx Ilvesta'ck prnciuctlon- ��� flx x �
substantiat,ni' 4
act„ t},no. vdence mad anitsj
Presexle :drlf>Le`pnall 1ppleVaal complexes F
77,
F
(�.o rl�leslxl Ies ox oohs U,;well-de�elo ed~ :omts} 0 � � (1 5 � t#--���a 4
Habitat camp iWty
n � 1 the ter 110 llahltat t3,Vie,cents uar�ed tiab max`a111tS E} t} `'
{li 3
1& Canopy rove, e pve�C s eatn€l d
a� IC?sll ve c tatl0l Q,cantnuc�us cast) =Illa OIIItS ; �t
0 Q 5 0
ti #1bStri ffibEdf EC{IIeS� r s % a � s
s 1 dee Imbedded Q Moose stp#nre ft:_max4 y` g RW"A tk 4 3
�� �{� � fi Presence�of stream"tYI"CfeY��b�$t@S' `" � �
�'� ' ,£no edence��s�OmT11Cln,ntinl�'t)1�S es'S I12 oult�} �
2
Presence of amplubxans
ono eudece= ,commorzaus;; „_nax ._. `., .. `
4 Q fl 2
< Presence Qislz
3 o no e ence Qi c(111ta Can,IIuL17eXpu -, t'S QTII � 4
". + � 4 2
�€ Evlc ewce of vl ildllfe use 5 S t} 0
ni3 evi abundant edence ntax Q1ntS}
aiN 'yr
� l h r r ✓ � Tola��alxtst'ol[e �r a �r �r / / a
Ffi '? ` .:s?���' �s :5.0 �a a a3 m. E ,,,,,,,: ,sf'i 7,sy • "` >^" .,s
,sj� r✓ '' sy ,z•s r� ' 1�--� M � 'E" x !� �Ny G i` aa� r- �`f% 53'
���s,..',;:
*These characteristics are not assessed in coastal streams.
2

OFFICE USE ONLY: USACE AID# DWQ#
SCP4 Unimportant Intermittent Stream B
a STREAM QUALITY ASSESSMENT WORKSHEET
1.Applicant's Name: Asheville Regional Airport Authority 2.Evaluator's Name:Matt Jenkins and Paul Bright
3.Date of Evaluation: 6/12/07 4.Time of Evaluation: 1:30 pm
5.Name of Stream: UT to Broad River 6.River Basin: Broad
7.Approximate Drainage Area: 5 acres S.Stream Order: First
9. Length or Reach Evaluated: 100 1f - W. L,ounty: Buncombe
11. Location of reach under evaluation'(include nearby roads and landmarks): Travel south on Interstate 85 (I-85) and merge onto
I-26 West via Exit 70 toward Asheville. Travel approximately 48.6 miles and take the NC-280 exit (Exit 40) toward Asheville
Regional Airport/Arden. Travel approximately 0.2 mile and turn left onto New Airport Road/NC-280 Travel approximately 0 2
mile and tam right onto General Aviation Drive. Travel approximately 0.3 mile and the site will be straight ahead.
12. Site Coordinates (if known): N35.445430,W82.540940
i3.Proposed Channel Work(if any): N/A
14.Recent Weather Conditions:no rain within the vast 48 hours
15. Site conditions at time of visit:_ sunny 80 degrees
16.Identify any special waterway classifications known: _Section.10 _Tidal Waters _Essential Fisheries Habitat
_Trout Waters _Outstanding Resource Waters _Nutrient Sensitive Waters _Water Supply Watershed (I-IV)
17.Is there a pond or lake located upstream of the evaluation point? YES NO If yes,estimate the water surface area:
18.Does channel appear on USGS quad map? YE(N 19.Does channel appear on USDA Soil Survey? YES
20.Estimated Watershed Land Use: _%Residential %Commercial - %Industrial _%Agricultural
_%Foresfed - 100%Cleared/Logged_%Other
21.Bankfull Width: 34'_ 22.Bank Height(from bed to top of bank): 34'
23.Channel slope down center of stream: _Flat(0 to 2%) X Gentle(2 to 4%) _Moderate(4 to 10%) _Steep(>100/6)
24. Channel Sinuosity: Straight _Occasional Bends X Frequent Meander _Very Sinuous _Braided Channel
Instructions for completion of worksheet (located on page 2): Begin by determining the most appropriate ecoregion based on
location, terrain, vegetation, stream classification, etc. Every characteristic must be scored using the same ecoregion. Assign points to each
characteristic within the range shown for the ecoregion. Page 3 provides a brief description of how to review the characteristics identified in the
worksheet. Scores should reflect an overall assessment of the stream reach under evaluation. If a characteristic cannot be evaluated due to site or
weather conditions,enter 0 in the scoring box and provide an explanation in the comment section. Where there are obvious changes in the character
of a stream under review (e.g., the stream flows from a pasture into a forest), the stream may be divided into smaller reaches that display more
continuity,and a separate form used to evaluate each reach. The total score assigned to a stream reach must range between 0 and 100,with a score of
100 representing a stream of the highest quality.
Total Score (from reverse): 27 Comments:
Evaluator's Signature Date. (�
This channel evaluation form is intended to used only as a guide to assist landowners and environmental professionals in
gathering the data required by the United States Army Corps of Engineers in order to make a preliminary assessment of
stream quality. The total score resulting from the completion of this form is subject to USACE approval and does not imply a
particular mitigation ratio or requirement. Form subject to change—version.05/03. To Comment,please call 919-876-8441 x 26.

STREAM QUALITY ASSESSMENT WORKSHEET
SCP4 — Unimportant Intermittent Stream B
ilc
� � Pieiddtl0 �UIIYA � � , �
Presence affla !persistent pools m&stream ;
1 (nip;low ar saturaiam O ,stro� fto� nax aims
4 # S 0
PvIilence�of teration 2
( tens�ealteratn alferaf�or .nzati . o�rts)
I�pan,=Xone
' (na buffer=(},c©ntguaus,;vvzd'e:buffer a max points) 4 Q 0
4 EvAdenee of nutrient tar chencal discharges 0 0 0 s.
(e,ctensive°dischaz ges , O-no dischar yes—maw points) ..
GGround,watex discharge
5 io discar eET,s nn s,see wetlands;etd was` rants 0' ' 4 4 Q 4 1
*I pA?e3eid-A caf ad�aGent flandp aAAr
7at�d train 0,extens v #�i ocl>l v o zztsl a 4 ` fl 2 0
Ilntrent, ent i floodglain atc+ess
de Iyentrenchedp,. €),fre ttent,floodmg. . Dints 2 1
1Rxeserrce.of atacezt> wetianciss �;
' {nu e lands�=',(l,�lar`e�a�i"acoxit"We 4 t} 2 0
. a
Channel suAuasAty
extensive-0, Ito Q raurat meander=xrAa o7nts
5� 4 fi 2
1 fl fl €}
xtenszve de-(35AtIQrI;rl,irttle�rr o:sed .ent�--wax "o )
Size&dA�exsAty of channel bed substrate
11 r Q 5
€ lf i IiIIBIO eTlt?lA5 Q tarj„dlUeIBP=S2Z£S, IIlaX OIII Iy .` c
Q, 4 3
r ry 1 r ,r 4
12 AdeArce of chaiAnel lnrxston aA-wA77
delm
(deey Auersed 0, tahle Ued E �ks z�a €ants) fl 4' l S 2
Presence of maJar hank-aAlures
severe erc� Aan: U�no,er©soon;st an mad ,dints W Q 5 t} �
F
l2ootdepth and d1- sxty aA bans
( .VASib,ewrc ott Qy elen e Viols drrou hc�ut zna vents}
1-7
0 { 4 t3 3
Impact b agrACAa7tre or hestack pr�iuetzoiA
lS {spbstantial'mA eviclence rnaxmtsyr 4 S {# s r 4
xesence oolf .ppte�poti
lesfri les. arc Dols {},.well dcvelo es =zna 'ovxts)
a brut e6kap exi X
mot}-6 fl 6 3 �o
tt7e arno habtt tly 0
fre uentaedhxts' magic onus=._'
Caop cavexage aver stxamlbeA t} 5 t3; S
(no slAa veg tat�on ;0,cunt mans Cana vw' nAa�e ;oaxzts}
Substrate embeddedess
0
x
r Q 4 2
dee y embedded O�laose stAucttAre mad e
}�
yam/ PA34AAM4 Vil' `461i;{iFL� ` t,VtetX' E Pip 'Vt 3 O
{no evcience '0,common,snuxerous es nax rots}
E} U 5
ZI 1'tzeseA�ce of aAnptiAbians 0
�. o edence } cammpany,�ayu(uerosy', . ..es, . nax rats}
4, 0
l*y m {na edenee, x GQInITAf}AI,iA€2IeA{1TI5 e5 .. XIaX`_RSnt$�
� vAdeee ofvldhfe use
0
r '6 d,.'`.ri ggi ar z,
XL � 'a d' y ' of.;�otSPosAb
s'% '/ s z"r :ra � � �; 4�F��� �. �,�F'�v✓'�w, rs J s /� ����y.,� H`C
?"->adys°'� m- /,r.,.6 ,vk/ ,.,� �x ✓„a. s� f/i i%$'_. 2 ..,v,:<
�s X, y yd.li n. '.; 'uGb �1510
`
27
*These characteristics are not assessed in coastal streams.
2

OFFICE USE ONLY: USACE AID# DWQ#
SCP5—Perennial Stream C
e STREAM QUALITY ASSESSMENT W®RIKSHEET
1.Applicant's Name: Asheville Regional Airport Authority 2.Evaluator's Name:Matt Jenkins and Paul Bright
3.Date of Evaluation: 6/12/07 4.Time of Evaluation: 2:30 pm
5.Name of Stream: UT to Broad River 6.River Basin: Broad
i. Approximate Drainage.Area: 5 acres 8. Stream Order: First
' ;211(y1ii C 2�.'�?Ci: u;U'dieC.: 'l) '' 3 i r
`v. _.ili2l :1,nCJi':lbZ
11. Location of reach under evaluation (include nearby roads and landmarks): Travel south on Interstate 85 (1-85) and merge onto
I-26 West via Exit 70 toward Asheville. Travel approximately 48.6 miles and take the NC-280 exit Exit 40 toward Asheville
Regional Airport/Arden. Travel approximately 0.2 mile and turn left onto New Airport Road/NC-280 Travel approximately 0 2
mile and turn right onto General Aviation Drive Travel approximately 0 3 mile and the site will be straight ahead
12. Site Coordinates(if known): N35.44543°,W82.540940
13.Proposed Channel Work(if any): N/A
14.Recent Weather Conditions:no rain within the past 48 hours
15. Site conditions at time of visit: sunny 80 degrees
16.Identify any special waterway classifications known: _Section 10 _Tidal Waters _Essential Fisheries Habitat
_Trout Waters _Outstanding Resource Waters _Nutrient Sensitive Waters _Water Supply Watershed (I-IV)
O
17.Is there a pond or lake located upstream of the evaluation point? YES N If yes, estimate the water surface area:
18.Does channel appear on USGS quad map? YES NO 19.Does channel appear on USDA Soil Survey? YES NO
20.Estimated Watershed Land Use: _%Residential _%Commercial _%Industrial _%Agricultural
_. 60 %Forested 40 %Cleared/Logged- %°-Other( -
21.Bankfull Width: 1-2' 22.Bank Height(from bed to top of bank): 0-2'
23. Channel slope down center of stream: X Flat(0 to 2%) _Gentle(2 to 4%) _Moderate(4 to 10%) _Steep (>10%)
24.Channel Sinuosity: Straight X Occasional Bends _Frequent Meander _Very Sinuous _Braided Channel
Instructions for completion of worksheet (located on page 2): Begin by determining the most appropriate ecoregion based on
location, terrain, vegetation, stream classification, etc. Every characteristic must be scored using the same ecoregion. Assign points to each
characteristic within the range shown for the ecoregion. Page 3 provides a brief description of how to review the characteristics identified in the
worksheet. Scores should reflect an overall assessment of the stream reach under evaluation. If a characteristic cannot be evaluated due to site or
weather conditions, enter 0 in the scoring box and provide an explanation in the comment section. Where there are obvious changes in the character
of a stream under review (e.g., the stream flows from a pasture into a forest), the stream may be divided into smaller reaches that display more
continuity, and a separate form used to evaluate each reach. The total score assigned to a stream reach must range.between 0 and 100,with a score of
100 representing a stream of the highest quality.
Total Score (from reverse): 55 Comments:
Evaluator's Signature % { Date J
This channel evaluation form is intended to a/used only as a guide to assist landowners and environmental professionals in
gathering the data required by the.United tates Army Corps of Engineers in order to make a preliminary assessment of
stream quality. The total score resulting from the completion of this form is subject to USACE approval and does not imply a
particular mitigation ratio or requirement. Form subject to change—version 05/03. To Comment,please call 919-876-8441 x 26.
1 __

STREAM QUALITY ASSESSMENT W®RKSIIEET
SCP5 — Perennial Stream C {♦
� 4 5 3e T as � � 1° r�F ° 'd � ��� � >. U �E f �Ad°J�✓®R��iQ���i�&,[.� ��i� �h k•� '� �$f��h�Ai:
� �e.r._ ,._ .°,. ,. � y, •° °ts � � ,-,_ _' -:.,. ,..:�z_ ^�< w�ra�' �e��Y�l?ILI�aII � a
l presence of Plow 1 persistent pools anstream S {l4 tl
(teaEow or saturailgn }.,,strc�n ,flame max osnts
Evidence astnan alteratz+�
2 p
- k_a
(etensive alteraticalteratrc�n a . :oixtsJ Q k 5
Riparian zone
3 6 t 4 (? 5� 3
_(no Suffer- .f3,conlguo�s; n�Ie tuffer, max-points}_. . `
yv�cle*ic�otnuti fen#fli chemical disc�a urges"
(extensive discharges 0:no discharges—n7a, points) j
� � ��auntl�ater discharge `
F
d¢ tta chscliar e 0 see s watlands etc; max, omts
Pose "cea Fad jaceuY flocrdpaui
s �(Il!)t ?CY �' ; AtI7S1elsG7Od'laazz <C61ax- OAS Sae 2
► - h enchnaeuY/tloodgIainaccess 2
3iee; entrenched ;tl,-fire tez�tfiondm , :nax chits �'
8 Presence oacijaeeentwetlands: G 0 2
- 2
.( ? tt ds=,Q,-lar e act actin wetlands=-max ozn .--� .' �'
I'dIlIL£ S131tSl a
r
w
a 4�
exttnst�channelatceh �� riatpral meander-' max 'c��nls}
- Se�ent iTIpUY-
z� eYten7T ,t7Sk031- , It '(}r i]f1 Si'dT2UL' �17a ��f}1T : ', sa. r s
3 size divO-Aty of channel ti ed substrate r
tti y s
finer<hcsmfl ei�aus. �lar ey dr�rerses�zes...max- cm 3
Os
l2
vitCezxce of'x1ianeI Mestan ox wdexumg�E _ ��
a prwl y; (t a de y,1140 Q, tal?l�'bed c mss flin ts) '
,� 4
l severe eiosloli._ �,no erosion„staiae banes max ainnts ( 5 5 .__VU
b tbot --opt amd ei' 4"4 ban Cs F t} € �� 3
�?va itrebots (},die roc throe � � aiuts)
--- --
ImgacY by agricult zre oi�i�vestoc�production 4
.> ichstantta act`},-no ew'--budb.
ff 4
Pxesence of rtffl �ohx�ppe-pad cvzp�exes
0 3 t - I# i 3
(��xa esl'O les or as (,well-develo ed rear nmts�
APKI
lT 3 d I Ali tat compleaaty 0 11 fl 59
3
ILtle ctr no halsitt Cl,fre cent;varied habitats max csnit -A
y lCanopy,cuverae aver sYreain� �ci� (1 S {I t} 4
�< - C F 3 $P 3*�
w (no shadin vegtati€n-Q ,cotanuaus:moo znax c�mta
v �
�.° ra Glee emUedrled .(3z Bose structurek fl 4 t} 4 2
2d¢ i PrVN%,:j a v�sL�r ar vert T�rates 4"'
Q m
{I1£?f✓�tiLiE Ile q; ;,"POP,
€kULE?Il,Y1U3nP✓rQ1IS' eS 112ax f3IT1tS} h R i 1
Rd. 8 - g s
R,
s
s no evidence Q,CQmIIiffn,2ISITn��O;Sk es inax .Sets ° �` `�
Presence€ fish
tJ SviGli'kiGe fr x CkinXSxOn,SiESin T s, es i37ax 12i S
,E Aff
"� idP1Li E� }de IIS�e
� �tiv �rf9�;' z,,,��� � rss pf� A r �'�:. ����r'°�sc �, - r' �� /rr,,;,�ara-€rrr yr qvg �?r�.•xr�
?� ,v a+ „r '✓2
a_1 'err
; s "��srn s 'ice � P,r+c_ ,
tN
� �`7✓/,: ti
i ,
*These characteristics are not assessed in coastal streams.
2

OFFICE USE ONLY: USACE AID# DWQ#
SCP6—Unimportant Intermittent Stream D
STREAM QUALITY ASSESSMENT WORKSHEET
1.Applicant's Name: Asheville Regional Airport Authority 2.Evaluator's Name:Thomas Blackwell and Ron Johnson
3.Date of Evaluation: 3/12/08 4.Time of Evaluation: 1:30 pm
5.Name of Stream: UT to Broad River 6.River Basin: Broad
7.Approximate Drainage Area: 1 acres 8.Stream Order: First
9.Length of Reach Evaluated: 40 if 10. County: Buncombe
11. Location of reach under evaluation (include nearby roads.and landmarks): Travel south on Interstate 85 (I-85) and merge onto
I-26 West via Exit 70 toward Asheville. Travel approximately 48.6 miles and take the NC-280 exit (Exit 40) toward Asheville
Regional Airport/Arden. Travel approximately 0.2 mile and turn left onto New Aimort Road/NC-280 Travel approximately 0 2
mile and tam right onto General Aviation Drive. Travel approximately 0.3 mile and the site will be straight ahead
12. Site Coordinates(if known): N35.445430,W82.540940
13.Proposed Channel Work(if any): N/A
14.Recent Weather Conditions:no rain within the past 48 hours
15. Site conditions at time of visit: sunny 70 degrees
16.Identify any-special waterway classifications known: _Section 10 _Tidal Waters _Essential Fisheries Habitat
_Trout Waters _Outstanding Resource Waters _Nutrient Sensitive Waters _Water Supply Watershed (I-IV)
17.Is there a pond or lake located upstream of the-evaluation point? -YES(NO)If yes,estimate the water surface area:
18.Does channel appear on USGS quad map? YE(N 19.Does channel appear on USDA Soil Survey? YES �O
20.Estimated Watershed Land Use: _%Residential _%Commercial _%Industrial _%Agricultural
_%Forested - 100%Cleared/Logged _%Other( ) -
2 1.Bankfull Width: 1-2' 22.Bank Height(from bed to top of bank): 1-2'
23. Channel slope down center of stream: _Flat(0 to 2%) X Gentle(2 to 4%) _Moderate(4 to 10%) _Steep(>10%)
24.Channel Sinuosity: Straight X Occasional Bends _Frequent Meander _Very Sinuous _Braided Channel
Instructions for completion of worksheet (located on page 2): Begin by determining the most appropriate ecoregion based on
location, terrain, vegetation, stream classification, etc. Every characteristic must be scored using the same ecoregion. Assign points to each
characteristic within the range shown for the ecoregion. Page 3 provides a brief description of how to review the characteristics identified in the
worksheet. Scores should reflect an overall assessment of the stream reach under evaluation. If a characteristic cannot be evaluated due to site or
weather conditions,enter 0 in the scoring box and provide an explanation in the comment section. Where there are obvious changes in the character
of a stream under review (e.g., the stream flows from a pasture into a forest), the stream may be divided into smaller reaches that display more
continuity,and a separate form used to evaluate each reach. The total score assigned to a stream reach must range.between 0 and 100,with a score of
100 representing a stream of the highest quality.
Total Score (from reverse): 29 Comments:
Evaluator's Signature Date
This channel evaluation form is intended to be 16ed only as a guide to assist landowners and environmental professionals in
gathering the data required by the United States Army Corps of Engineers in order to make a preliminary assessment of
stream quality. The total score resulting from the completion of this form is subject to USACE approval and does not imply a
particular mitigation ratio or requirement. Form subject to change—version 05/03. To Comment,please call 919-876-8441 x 26.
1

STREAM QUALITY ASSESSMENT W®RKSIIEET
SCP6= Unimportant Intermittent Stream D
rl�S �C
A�
l F
no'flaw or sat�zrac t},sstran _floc znax 'atrits Ov
X
k@ t LrldopceoliS :lUaritr�tlpIIa y s
P� � (exttzt�zue�aCterat�an ,tl,.�a,.a�t�ra`t�o� „ nax3'ourt� ,R. 4 � �� 5p� �� 2
� � �".e„ �e�[�, �� �� �'., e 0
(noluEe >coniuou �wi�ieffer max or
dence�ot� 47 extensscRze sclrarnrc ruet si 47 d c>0 tnexr�chlhsschhairr gt�sd i k it 2n
an
7ta Cll$ 1a e Q c, 0 S`,Wetic`6) etc, a X12aX OF N
{ o�£lzxd lz, x @tez� flvad lam ' '` at } ,, 4 ms 2 0
; +n renc n0 1 Had p am-,access
d Y
' dee l eenahe# _0� ezent foodn" ,max
0
` $ FSC21C ot�a{�Ju`lCCxl "kYC `sLlC V
{na wetlarxds= 0,laige ad went etlands c ax t�irat)
2
aanuelmuosait a
' extensive channelaicn f� tatural meander
Al a' 4,1,
l
( xtersave ct asxttau 0,'l the or x�a secizxzxezt xxrax aua } s r0 5
WSdiversaty o cian�el lied suBsratea � $z
2
3
x ..,. ( e,rttama enan . .thy l e,dt Js< a
E c ddeffiCe#Q chan-Wif,LGI COT24T 43dEtitp � z
+ lde_lsed 0 staff ldanl�s max azrts h ' 4 tl 5 2
% N �Q!
-Op
#. krx �. l'
` '-�� „�.. se�rer�eeras�ar a,0,_nc�e�c�s�an,_stal��ebanl�s�'max amts � 5 � ��§���, � � 2
E
l`
10arf dep! It dM$ft tlkL�A�1f�CS
(xa vl.Sl101e�"CSC?tS Q�flf n5Q(?tS tIZFC1TllQ1t .>`znax,`oxzt} a 3
]tnpact bgrrchlturelfvesteproduc#�c►n �
substantial act„ ,na evdenee rttax tF 4
Pxesenee of rhle-pool/arx�pie-pool com Zexes s '
' a zfes7 les o , aaIs 0,well deuela ed� max, anzts}
Hab ty
lIT
orrio habitat t}, e uent vaxredhabitats n� amp OQ t & 0
i
coveragc(avex stream ed � a
(x�a Sl1aCllg TFeC tatLal a. ,CanftlaUsazaegg
a�`1�ISaC 8ffid€#'dfYCSS 'a
glee embedded Or base stntcture= `
4 tl 2
�YeSe V o�� i44�1'aeaitl�+f 1 Y
Ana evrieuce _4,caxau,n�itnera es max uts} 4�0� t?IIJOI
9 2
Pr'SCIlCe U alnp11�1}IaIIS b
m .... _.={nose-dei ,wt},ecmmc�n, u2ne�cous •;max omtsE 4 4 4 0
22 y� P 0 4 0 tl 4 0
✓.� E { �,Sh�e'v�d�:n�e �,�a �Q�s� e� ts� R.$ S
N� ilmfr4TtS_ =[IIa�
e victe 3, e
2
a
era eviderte 0,abundant eclenee magic arts 5 0
zYti -.; rkew
3 rr to
�. _ ""Wgvc a 1#$ Q y
1d � p°�% sf r k,�'�4" .�*°" � ✓`?, d ''G K,r.;.za
?�., d ,y� a;." �ACO- u � ;�° � � �ti �.' �
,�t � r29
..,, °3 ,.i,'�a d `3,� yj "�Vs! xo
�x,�,.e .,1.✓.$°rrtur:/e.:, �.__ ,,.,;,.v�.E' ..,e._ �.... -
*These characteristics are not assessed in coastal streams.
2

OFFICE USE ONLY: USACE AID# DWQ#
SCP7—Perennial Stream E
STREAM QUALITY ASSESSMENT WORKSHEET
1.Applicant's Name: Asheville Regional Airport Authority 2.Evaluator's Name:Thomas Blackwell and Ron Johnson,PWS
3.Date of Evaluation: 3/12/08 4.Time of Evaluation: 2:30 pm
5.Name of Stream: UT to Broad River 6.River Basin: Broad
7.Approximate Drainage Area: 2 acres 8. Stream Order: First
9.Length of Reach Evaluated: 501f 10. County: Buncombe
11. Location of reach under evaluation (include nearby roads and landmarks): Travel south on Interstate 85 (I-85) and merge onto
I-26 West via Exit 70 toward Asheville. Travel approximately 48 6 miles and take the NC-280 exit (Exit 40) toward Asheville
Regional Airport/Arden Travel approximately 0 2 mile and turn left onto New Airport Road/NC 280 Travel approximately 0 2
mile and turn right onto General Aviation Drive Travel approximately 0 3 mile and the site will be straight ahead
12. Site Coordinates(if known): N35.445430 W82.540940
13.Proposed Channel Work(if any): N/A
14.Recent Weather Conditions:no rain within the past 48 hours
15. Site conditions at time of visit:_ sunny 70 degrees
16.Identify any special waterway classifications known: _Section,10 _Tidal Waters Essential Fisheries Habitat
_Trout Waters _Outstanding Resource Waters _Nutrient Sensitive Waters _Water Supply Watershed (I-IV)
IT Is there a pond or lake located upstream of the evaluation point? YES NO If yes,estimate the water surface area:
18.Does channel appear on USGS quad map? YES NO 19.Does channel appear on USDA Soil Survey? YES NO
20.Estimated Watershed Land Use: _%Residential _%Commercial _%Industrial _%Agricultural
- %Forested _ 100 %Cleared/Logged_%Other( )
21.Bankfall Width: 2-3' 22.Bank Height(from bed to top of bank): 0-2'
23. Channel slope down center of stream: X Flat(0 to 20/6) _Gentle(2 to 4%) _Moderate(4 to 10%)._Steep(>10%)
24. Channel Sinuosity: Straight X Occasional Bends _Frequent Meander _Very Sinuous _Braided Channel
Instructions for completion of worksheet (located on page 2): Begin by determining the most appropriate ecoregion based on
location, terrain, vegetation, stream classification, etc. Every characteristic must be scored using the same ecoregion. Assign points to each
characteristic within the range shown for the ecoregion. Page 3 provides a brief description of how to review the characteristics identified in the
worksheet. Scores should reflect an overall assessment of the stream reach under evaluation. If a characteristic cannot be evaluated due to site or
weather conditions, enter 0 in the scoring box and provide an explanation in the comment section. Where there are obvious changes in the character
of a stream under review (e.g., the stream flows from a pasture into a forest), the stream may be divided into smaller reaches that display more
continuity,and a separate form used to evaluate each reach. The total score assigned to a stream reach must range between 0 and 100,with a score of
100 representing a stream of the highest quality.
Total Score (from reverse): 56 Comments:
Evaluator's Signature % Date C, { f /0 y
This channel evaluation form is intended to beixised only as a guide to assist landowners and environmental professionals in
gathering the data required by the United States Army Corps of Engineers in order to make a preliminary assessment of
stream quality. The total score resulting from the completion of this form is subject to USACE approval and does not imply a
particular mitigation ratio or requirement. Form subject to change—version 05/03. To Comment,please call 919-876-8441 x 26.
1

STREAM QUALITY ASSESSMENT WORKSHEET
SCP7 — Perennial Stream E
ECORGIQN PAINT RANGE
-# CJETTARACTE�STtCS SCQrRE"
Sid1TYfitlt ®iHp a�xi
1
Presence of flaw!persistent pools u°stream
:.
a
a, [vc_flaw o saturation Of';strc�ng;low,, "max amts _ 0 4 5" 3
2
Evidence past human alkerataon
[etemive"alteratziaa O,. to" terat�csz� -znax .t?zits� . ' 0 S £tNNn
5 ^ 3
3 Ripananzone;° C 3
i aus;`wide:huffer inax Dints
coiit
4 vrdence 0fnutrient-Ovehehuz al discharges a p 4 0 4 2
[extensive discharges O„no,dsschArges ;max"-q nts}
3
S no dischar e -Ozs rin s see's wetlands etc. max osnts
;Presence of adjacent fltiodplain7,71
6
(tea flaod151axzx 0 ext 6i flood`'la�u ivae Dials) a 4 0 2
i` �+utrencheut i floodsl access
7 '
� ' die,ly entrenched Q„_fie uenf ftaodui 4 4 t? 3
TT1a7L Q121tS S "
8 Presence of adJacen wetlands 0 6 0 4 F
[zo etiaizds 0,.'lar e,ad aeent vetiands=^max: opts} 2 2
=9 Chanue44uivasity
extensrecliannelation Q,natural-meander _fz onts .
lO � - Sediuient;ucput ° , -; -
[extensive deposition=;Qlzttleor ho sedunent: arnax"outs)°° ., ..., Q 4 (} 4 2
I 1 Size&diversity of:ehannel bed substrate � � a
0 4 01 S 3
(fine iomo enous 0 large diverse S=, &=max "pints_
x ,enc wj ewn
r ._ ` dee Iy znczsed' .°0.,°istable 1?ed;8banks,.,._xxax :ozats S 4 S E 4
O
►++� Presenceof uta�ar ba s u
3 b
IIk�a3�itY'e
3„^_" ... severe;erosion -0,,no erosion,st0ble banks,-max, `;aunts
47,
l Rook depfkh anil censtt an banks
(nn v hle,roots-Ot dense ro:Qts ttzrougbout ,rnax° oints},"� =0 .
. _ 0 4 S 3
Tmpact`by agriculture of hvestbck pioductian
5 " substantial"im act .O,rio evidence-max- Dints} d S, Q 4 p 5 4
I� presence of riffle-pooUrrppie-pool comgTexes a 3 0 S 0 S 0 3
[ono ri$les�r 1es or o.dLs O,ro�cll deelo ed� maxi ounts}
Habitat eopipleidt
little ono haUitak 0 fre net,vartecl habitats max ousts O #1 G 3
Lg* Canopy coverage=over streannbed a S W 0 S 4 4
[zio shadin vegetation°-
O,con#muous cana y zuax."aunts :
1.9
Al N
Substrate embedded�ess 2
dee ly,ern,e ed Or loose structure may}
20 Presence of stream Invertebraties a 4 S (} S 1
[na evidence=0,common,ri,m 0 es rnax-, Dig#s)
2,1 Presence�of,amphibians
[no evidence '0 common,°ncnzeror3sR es;=max =o�nts 4 0 4 0 1
Q 22 Pa esence: ,:of fish
4 Q 0 4 O 4 0
[no e�ndence O,coznznon,ztuerousAypes nacax cnnt}
R Evidence of w�idbfe use t} 6 0" S 0
[???evidence- O;aliiuidant evidence
otai t'os Possible } O
°
o VC TAI SCQ12E er ti ona s
.. ... .> �p �d
*These characteristics are not assessed in coastal streams.
2

APPROVED JURISDICTIONAL DETERMINATION FORM
U.S.Army Corps of Engineers
This form should be completed by following the instructions provided in Section IV of the JD Form Instructional Guidebook.
SECTION I: BACKGROUND INFORMATION
A. REPORT COMPLETION DATE FOR APPROVED JURISDICTIONAL,DETERMINATION(JD):July 16,2007
B. DISTRICT OFFICE,FILE NAME,AND NUMBER:Asheville Regional Office
C. PROJECT LOCATION AND BACKGROUND INFORMATION:The Asheville Regional Airport Expansion site is located
adjacent to Highway 26,on existing Airport Authority property in Fletcher,North Carolina,Perennial Stream A-Upper Reach
State:NC County/parish/borough: Buncombe City: Fletcher
te: co - n;a cs iit Sid:;i iaPiong iii degree UL:Cllnal iormao: Lat. 35.4=1i 1_ ~Y., �.jmz. 32.54 `v?l,
oi
ni�,2rsal Transvers:e:`dlercarot:
Name of nearest waterbody: French Broad River
Name of nearest Traditional Navigable Water(TNW)into which the aquatic resource flows:French Broad River
Name of watershed or Hydrologic Unit Code(HUC): 06010105
Check if map/diagram of review area and/or potential jurisdictional areas is/are available upon request.
Check if other sites(e.g.,offsite mitigation sites,disposal sites,etc...)are associated with this action and are recorded on a
different JD form.
D. REVIEW PERFORMED FOR SITE EVALUATION(CHECK ALL THAT APPLY):
Office(Desk)Determination. Date:June 19,2007
Field Determination. Date(s):June 13,2007
SECTION H: SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
A. RHA SECTION 10 DETERMINATION OF JURISDICTION.
There� "navigable waters of the U.S."within Rivers and Harbors Act(RHA)jurisdiction(as defined by 33 CFR part 329)in the
review area.[Required]
Waters subject to the ebb and flow of the tide.
Waters are presently used,or have been used in the past,or may be susceptible for use to transport interstate or foreign commerce.
Explain:
B. CWA SECTION 404 DETERMINATION OF JURISDICTION.
There;' "waters efthe U.S."within-Clean Water Act(CWA)jurisdiction(as defined by 33 CFR part 328)in the review area.[Required] -
1. Waters of the U.S.
a. Indicate presence of waters of U.S.in review area(check all that apply): r
TNWs,including territorial seas
E.! Wetlands adjacent to TNWs
Relatively permanent watersz(RPWs)that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs
1 Non-RPWs that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs
Wetlands directly abutting RPWs that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs
Wetlands adjacent to but not directly abutting RPWs that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs
Wetlands adjacent to non-RPWs that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs
Impoundments of jurisdictional waters
Isolated(interstate or intrastate)waters,including isolated wetlands
b. Identify(estimate)size of waters of the U.S.in the review area:
Non-wetland waters: 17461inear feet: width(ft)and/or 0.256 acres.
Wetlands:0.209 acres.
c.Limits(boundaries)of jurisdiction based on ' IJ [TeatalTaauat
Elevation of established OHWM(if known):
2. Non-regulated waters/wetlands(check if applicable):3
Eli Potentially jurisdictional waters and/or wetlands were assessed within the review area and determined to be not jurisdictional.
Explain:
a
'Boxes checked below shall be supported by completing the appropriate sections in Section III below.
2 For proposes of this form,an RPW is defined as a tributary that is not a TNW and that typically flows year-round or has continuous flow at least"seasonally"
(e.g.,typically 3 months).
3 Supporting documentation is presented in Section III.F.

SECTION III: CWA ANALYSIS
A. TNWs AND WETLANDS ADJACENT TO TNWs
The agencies will assert jurisdiction over TNWs and wetlands adjacent to TNWs. If the aquatic resource is a TNW,complete
Section III.A.1 and Section III.D.1.only;if the aquatic resource is a wetland adjacent to a TNW,complete Sections III.AA and 2
and Section III.D.1.;otherwise,see Section 111.13 below.
1. TNW
Identify TNW:
Summarize rationale supporting determination:
'Netinnd ad,jacent to TNj i`lj
Summarize rationa e Supportin,F ccmclusion riuut\vdtlund is'-adjacZnC:
B. CHARACTERISTICS OF TRIBUTARY(THAT IS NOT A TNW)AND ITS ADJACENT WETLANDS(IF ANY):
This section summarizes information regarding characteristics of the tributary and its adjacent wetlands,if any,and it helps
determine whether or not the standards for jurisdiction established under Rapanos have been met.
The agencies will assert jurisdiction over non-navigable tributaries of TNWs where the tributaries are"relatively permanent
waters"(RPWs),i.e.tributaries that typically flow year-round or have continuous flow at least seasonally(e.g.,typically 3
months).A wetland that directly abuts an RPW is also jurisdictional.If the aquatic resource is not a,TNW,but has year-round
(perennial)flow,skip to Section M.D.2.If the aquatic resource is a wetland directly abutting a tributary with perennial flow,
skip to Section III.D.4.
A wetland that is adjacent to but that does.not directly abut an RPW requires a significant nexus evaluation.Corps districts and
EPA regions will include in the record any available information that documents the existence of a significant nexus between a
relatively permanent tributary that is not perennial(and its adjacent wetlands if any)and a traditional navigable water,even
though a significant nexus finding is not required as a matter of law. .
If the waterb'ody4 is not an RPW,or a wetland directly abutting an RPW,a JD will require additional data to determine if the
waterbody has a significant nexus with a TNW.If the tributary has adjacent wetlands,the significant nexus evaluation must
consider the tributary in combination with all of its adjacent wetlands.This significant nexus evaluation that combines,for
analytical purposes,the tributary and all of its adjacent wetlands is used whether the review area identified in the JD request is
the tributary,or its adjacent wetlands,or both.If the JD covers a tributary with adjacent wetlands,complete Section III.B.1 for
_..
"- - the'tributary,-Section II1.13.2 for any onsite wetlands,'ana Section III:B:31or all wetlands-adjacent to that tributary,both onsite" "
and offsite.The determination whether a significant nexus exists is determined in Section IH.0 below.
1. Characteristics of non-TNWs that flow directly or indirectly into TNW
(1) General Area Conditions:
Watershed size 1 196,800'""`'"'
Drainage area 1.68
Average annual rainfall:38.1 inches
Average annual snowfall: 15.6 inches
(R) Physical Characteristics:
(a) Relationship with TNW:
❑Tributary flows directly into TNW.
®Tributary flows through tributaries before entering TNW.
Project waters are o` river miles from TNW.
Project waters are river miles from RPW.
Project waters are aerial(straight)miles from TNW.
Project waters are aerial(straight)miles from RPW..
Project waters cross or serve as state boundaries.Explain:N/A.
Identify flow route to TNW5:Perennial Stream A and is met by Unimportant Intermittent Stream B,then flows through
project area to French Broad River.
4 Note that the Instructional Guidebook contains additional information regarding swales,ditches,washes,and erosional features generally and in the and
West.
5 Flow route can be described by identifying,e.g.,tributary a,which flows through the review area,to flow into tributary b,which then flows into TNW.

Tributary stream order,if known: 1.
(b) General Tributary Characteristics(check all that apply)'
Tributary is: ®Natural
❑Artificial(man-made). Explain:
Q Manipulated (man-altered). Explain:
Tributary properties with respect to top of bank(estimate):
Average width:4-5 feet
Average depth:3-4 feet
Average side slopes
Primary tributary substrate composition(check all that apply):
❑ Silts ❑ Sands I I concre�c
Obbies I_l Srav i ❑ :'viuci:
Bedrock ❑ Vegetation. TypeP3')cover:
❑ Other.Explain:
Tributary condition/stability[e.g.,highly eroding,sloughing banks]. Explain:moderate erosion and an incised channel.
Presence of run/riffle/pool complexes. Explain:moderate riffle/pool complexes.
Tributary geometry M."L iii
Tributary gradient(approximate average slope):2-4%
(c) Flow:
Tributary provides for: ctn ' .
Estimate average number of flow events in review area/year:JEt
Describe flow regime:
Other information on duration and volume:
Surface flow is:§7- . Characteristics:
Subsurface flow:' ` . Explain findings:Groundwater present in channel,no rain within last 48 hours.
❑ Dye(or other)test performed:
Tributary has(check all that apply):
® Bed and banks _
® OHWM6(check all indicators that apply):
❑ clear,natural-line impressed on the bank ❑ the presence of litter and debris
changes in the character of soil ❑ destruction of terrestrial vegetation
❑ shelving ❑ the presence of wrack line
® vegetation matted down,bent,or absent ❑ sediment sorting
® leaf litter disturbed or washed away ® scour
® sediment deposition ❑ multiple observed or predicted flow events
❑ water staining ❑ abrupt change in plant community
❑ other(list):
❑ Discontinuous OHWM.7 Explain:
If factors other than the OHWM were used to determine lateral extent of CWA jurisdiction(check all that apply):
High Tide Line indicated b M High Water Mark indicated b g Y� ean g Y:
❑ oil or scum line along shore objects ❑ survey to available datum;
❑ fine shell or debris deposits(foreshore) ❑physical markings;
❑ physical markings/characteristics ❑ vegetation lines/changes in vegetation types.
❑ tidal gauges
❑ other(list):
(iii) Chemical Characteristics:
Characterize tributary(e.g.,water color is clear,discolored,oily film;water quality;general watershed characteristics,etc.).
Explain:clear water.
Identify specific pollutants,if known:
6A natural or man-made discontinuity in the OHWM does not necessarily sever jurisdiction(e.g.,where the stream temporarily flows underground,or where
the OHWM has been removed by development or agricultural practices). Where there is a break in the OHWM that is unrelated to the watdrbody's flow
regime(e.g.,flow over a rock outcrop or through a culvert),the agencies will look for indicators of flow above and below the break.
'Ibid.

(iv) Biological Characteristics. Channel supports(check all that apply):
® Riparian corridor. Characteristics(type,average width):
❑ Wetland fringe. Characteristics:
❑ Habitat for:
❑ Federally Listed species. Explain findings:
❑Fish/spawn areas.Explain findings:
❑ Other environmentally-sensitive species. Explain findings:
❑Aquatic/wildlife diversity. Explain findings:
2. Characteristics of wetlands adjacent to non-TNW that flow directly or indirectly into TNW
(i) Physical Characteristics:
(a) General Wetland Characteristics:
Orerties:
al�dand size: acres
Wetland type. Explain:
Wetland quality. Explain:
Project wetlands cross or serve as state boundaries.Explain:
(b) General Flow Relationship with Non-TNW:
Flow is:�.Explain:
Surface flow is:Eck
Characteristics:
Subsurface flow:I'rcIi Explain findings:
❑ Dye(or other)test performed:
(c) Wetland Adjacency Determination with Non-TNW:
❑ Directly abutting
❑Not directly abutting
❑ Discrete wetland hydrologic connection. Explain:
❑ Ecological connection. Explain:
❑ Separated by berm/barrier. Explain:
(d) Proximity(Relationship)to TNW
Project wetlands are Ok river miles from TNW.
Project waters are y j �c � aerial(straight)miles from TNW.
Flow is from eTti :
Estimate approximate location of wetland as within the! floodplain.
(ii) Chemical Characteristics:
Characterize wetland system(e.g.,water color is clear,brown,oil film on surface;water quality;general watershed
characteristics;etc.). Explain:
Identify specific pollutants,if known:
(iii)Biological Characteristics. Wetland supports(check all that apply):
❑ Riparian buffer. Characteristics(type,average width):
❑ Vegetation type/percent cover. Explain:
❑ Habitat for:
❑Federally Listed species. Explain findings:
❑Fish/spawn areas.Explain findings:
❑ Other environmentally-sensitive species. Explain findings:
❑Aquatic/wildlife diversity. Explain findings:
3. Characteristics of all wetlands adjacent to the tributary(if any)
All wetland(s)being considered in the cumulative analysistr .
Approximately( )acres in total are being considered in the cumulative analysis.

For each wetland,specify the following:
Directly abuts?(Y/N) Size(in acres) Directly abuts?(Y/N) Size(in acres)
Summarize overall biological,chemical and physical functions being performed:
C. SIGNIFICANT NEXUS DETERMINATION
A Significant iie ills dlnalysis=vill Assess the Mow ;:liar ncierlstiCS gild 3uneffi ns of Ill£tr3E;um y {tself and he funcrions Pei-formed
b,anv;wetlands adjacent t0 The tributary t0 determine if they significantly affect the chemical,pinisicai,and biological integrity
of a TNW. For each of the following situations,a significant nexus exists if the tributary,in combination with all of its adjacent
wetlands,has more than a speculative or insubstantial effect on the chemical,physical and/or biological integrity of a TNW.
Considerations when evaluating significant nexus include,but are not limited to the volume,duration,and frequency of the flow
of water in the tributary and its proximity to a TNW,and the functions performed by the tributary and all its adjacent
wetlands. It is not appropriate to determine significant nexus based solely on any specific threshold of distance(e.g.between a
tributary and its adjacent wetland or between a tributary and the TNW).Similarly,the fact an adjacent wetland lies within or
outside of a floodplain is not solely determinative of significant nexus.
Draw connections between the features documented and the effects on the TNW,as identified in the Rapanos Guidance and
discussed in the Instructional Guidebook.Factors to consider include,for example:
• Does the tributary,in combination with its adjacent wetlands(if any),have the capacity to carry pollutants or flood waters to
TNWs,or to reduce the amount of pollutants or flood waters reaching a TNW?
• Does the tributary,in combination with its adjacent wetlands(if any),provide habitat and lifecycle support functions for fish and
other species,such as feeding,nesting,spawning,or rearing young for species that are present in the TNW?
• Does the tributary,in combination with its adjacent wetlands(if any),have the capacity to transfer nutrients and organic carbon that
support downstream foodwebs?
• Does the tributary,in combination with its adjacent wetlands(if any),have other relationships to the physical,chemical,or
biological integrity of the TNW?
Note:the above list of considerations is not inclusive and other functions observed or known to occur should be documented
below:
1. Significant nexus findings for non-RPW that has no adjacent wetlands and flows directly or indirectly into TNWs. Explain
findings of presence or absence of significant nexus below,based on the tributary itself,then go to Section III.D:
2. Significant nexus findings for non-RPW and its adjacent wetlands,where the non-RPW flows directly or indirectly into
TNWs. Explain findings of presence or absence of significant nexus below,based on the tributary in combination with all of its
adjacent wetlands,then go to Section III.D:
3. Significant nexus findings for wetlands adjacent to an RPW but that do not directly abut the RPW.Explain findings of
presence or absence of significant nexus below,based on the tributary in combination with all of its adjacent wetlands,then go to
Section III.D:
D. DETERMINATIONS OF JURISDICTIONAL FINDINGS.THE SUBJECT WATERS/WETLANDS ARE(CHECK ALL
THAT APPLY):
1. TNWs and Adjacent Wetlands. Check all that apply and provide size estimates in review area:
TNWs: linear feet width(ft),Or, acres.
Q Wetlands adjacent to TNWs: acres.
2. RPWs that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs.
Tributaries of TNWs where tributaries typically flow year-round are jurisdictional.Provide data and rationale indicating that
tributary is perennial:Perennial Stream A-Upper Reach flows through the middle of the project site and is 243 linear feet with
widths of 4-5 feet. Stream A exhibited groundwater flow,riffle/pool sequences,moderate sinuosity,and a strong presence of
amphibians Stream A-Upper Reach scored 49 out of a possible 100 points on the USACE Stream Quality Assesment form and
33.5 out of 70 points on the NC DWQ Stream ID form .
f Tributaries of TNW where tributaries have continuous flow"seasonally"(e.g.,typically three months each year)are
jurisdictional. Data supporting this conclusion is provided at Section III.B. Provide rationale indicating that tributary flows
seasonally:

Provide estimates for jurisdictional waters in the review area(check all that apply):
Tributary waters:243 linear feet4-5width(ft).
Other non-wetland waters: acres.
Identify type(s)of waters:
3. Non-RPWs8 that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs.
Waterbody that is not a TNW or an RPW,but flows directly or indirectly into a TNW,and it has a significant nexus with a
TNW is jurisdictional.Data supporting this conclusion is provided at Section III.C.
Provide estimates for jurisdictional waters within the review area(check all that apply):
rI Tributary ware-F. 1.in•;:r ._ utIn f T).
J ✓Cher non-e,fand%"ams:
identi y type(s)of'waters:
4. Wetlands directly abutting an RPW that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs.
Wetlands directly abut RPW and thus are jurisdictional as adjacent wetlands.
Wetlands directly abutting an RPW where tributaries typically flow year-round. Provide data and rationale
indicating that tributary is perennial in Section IH.D.2,above.Provide rationale indicating that wetland is
directly abutting an RPW:
x Wetlands directly abutting an RPW where tributaries typically flow"seasonally." Provide data indicating that tributary is
seasonal in Section 111.13 and rationale in Section III.D.2,above.Provide rationale indicating that wetland is directly
abutting an RPW:
Provide acreage estimates for jurisdictional wetlands in the review area: acres.
5. Wetlands adjacent to but not directly abutting an RPW that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs.
Wetlands that do not directly abut an RPW,but when considered in combination with the tributary to which they are adjacent
and with similarly situated adjacent wetlands,have a significant nexus with a TNW are jurisidictional.Data supporting this
conclusion is provided at Section III.C.
Provide acreage estimates for jurisdictional wetlands in the review area: acres.
6. Wetlands adjacent to non-RPWs that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs.
l Wetlands adjacent to such waters,and have when considered in combination with the tributary to which they are adjacent and
with similarly situated adjacent wetlands,have a significant nexus with a TNW are jurisdictional.Data supporting this
conclusion is provided at Section III.C.
Provide estimates for jurisdictional wetlands in the review area: acres.
7. Impoundments of jurisdictional waters.9
As a general rule,the impoundment of a jurisdictional tributary remains jurisdictional.
Demonstrate that impoundment was created from"waters of the U.S.,"or
Demonstrate that water meets the criteria for one of the categories presented above(1-6),or
Demonstrate that water is isolated with a nexus to commerce(see E below).
E. ISOLATED [INTERSTATE OR INTRA-STATE]WATERS,INCLUDING ISOLATED WETLANDS,THE USE,
DEGRADATION OR DESTRUCTION OF WHICH COULD AFFECT INTERSTATE COMMERCE,INCLUDING ANY
SUCH WATERS(CHECK ALL THAT APPLY):"
which are or could be used by interstate or foreign travelers for recreational or other purposes.
from which fish or shellfish are or could be taken and sold in interstate or foreign commerce.
which are or could be used for industrial purposes by industries in interstate commerce.
Interstate isolated waters. Explain:
8See Footnote#3.
9 To complete the analysis refer to the key in Section III.D.6 of the Instructional Guidebook.
10 Prior to asserting or declining CWA jurisdiction based solely on this category,Corps Districts will elevate the action to Corps and EPA HQ for
review consistent with the process described in the Corps/EPA Memorandum Regarding CWA Act Jurisdiction Following Rapanos.

Other factors. Explain:
Identify water body and summarize rationale supporting determination:
Provide estimates for jurisdictional waters in the review area(check all that apply):
Tributary waters: linear feet width(ft).
1' Other non-wetland waters: acres.
Identify type(s)of waters:
Wetlands: acres.
F. ION-JURISDICTIONAL 'vVAT:r.RS,INCLUDING WE17LANDS(CHECK ALL THAT APPLY):
if potential Wvprlancis .-,ere ClsSessed bVidiin The review area, these areas dill❑oi ineet ale criteria in the i 98 i Corps Js of G.11lglilee'i
1+Vetland Delineation tillanuai and;or appropriate Regional Supplements.
Review area included isolated waters with no substantial nexus to interstate(or foreign)commerce.
❑ Prior to the Jan 2001 Supreme Court decision in"SWANCC,"the review area would have been regulated based solely on the
"Migratory Bird Rule"(MBR).
Waters do not meet the"Significant Nexus"standard,where such a finding is required for jurisdiction. Explain:
Other: (explain,if not covered above):
Provide acreage estimates for non jurisdictional waters in the review area,where the sole potential basis of jurisdiction is the MBR
factors(i.e.,presence of migratory birds,presence of endangered species,use of water for irrigated agriculture),using best professional
judgment(check all that apply):
Non-wetland waters(i.e.,rivers,streams): linear feet width(ft).
05,,4 Lakes/ponds: acres.
{ Other non-wetland waters: acres.List type of aquatic resource:
Wetlands: acres.
Provide acreage estimates for non jurisdictional waters in the review area that do not meet the"Significant Nexus"standard,where such
a finding is required for jurisdiction(check all that apply):
Non-wetland waters(i.e.,rivers,streams): linear feet, width(ft).
V; Lakes/ponds: acres.
Other non-wetland waters: acres. List type of aquatic resource:
Wetlands: acres. _
SECTION IV: DATA SOURCES.
A. SUPPORTING DATA. Data reviewed for JD(check all that apply-checked items shall be included in case file and,where checked
and requested,appropriately reference sources below):
Maps,plans,plots or plat submitted by or on behalf of the applicant/consultant:
Data sheets prepared/submitted by or on behalf of the applicant/consultant.
® Office concurs with data sheets/delineation report.
❑ Office does not concur with data sheets/delineation report.
Data sheets prepared by the Corps:
Corps navigable waters'study:
9v U.S.Geological Survey Hydrologic Atlas:
❑ USGS NHD data.
4.44
213
❑ USGS 8 and 12 digit HUC maps.
U.S.Geological Survey map(s).Cite scale&quad name:Skyland,North Carolina, 1991.
USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service Soil Survey.Citation:
National wetlands inventory map(s). Cite name:
State/Local wetland inventory map(s):
FEMA/FIRM maps:
f 100-year Floodplain Elevation is: (National Geodectic Vertical Datum of 1929)
Photographs:❑Aerial(Name&Date):
or® Other(Name&Date):See attached report.
Previous determination(s). File no.and date of response letter:
Applicable/supporting case law:
Applicable/supporting scientific literature:
'; Other information(please specify):
B. ADDITIONAL COMMENTS TO SUPPORT JD:

APPROVED JURISDICTIONAL DETERMINATION FORM
U.S.Army Corps of Engineers
This form should be completed by following the instructions provided in Section IV of the JD Form Instructional Guidebook.
SECTION 1: BACKGROUND INFORMATION
A. REPORT COMPLETION DATE FOR APPROVED JURISDICTIONAL DETERMINATION(JD):July 16,2007
B. DISTRICT OFFICE,FILE NAME,AND NUMBER:Asheville Regional Office
C. PROJECT LOCATION AND BACKGROUND INFORMATION:The Asheville Regional Airport Expansion site is located
adjacent to Highway 26,on existing Airport Authority property in Fletcher,North Carolina,Perennial Stream A,Wetland AA and BB
State:-NC County/parish/borough: Buncombe City:Fletcher
Center coordirares of'.iitc ilat'lun<r in ael ree decimal Format;: -! La. 35.446;2' N, Long. 32.542 'A.
L.•niversal Transverse Mercator:
dame of nearest waterbody: French Broad River
Name of nearest Traditional Navigable Water(TNW)into which the aquatic resource flows:French Broad River
Name of watershed or Hydrologic Unit Code(HUC): 06010105
Check if map/diagram of review area and/or potential jurisdictional areas is/are available upon request.
Check if other sites(e.g.,offsite mitigation sites,disposal sites,etc...)are associated with this action and are recorded on a
different JD form.
D. REVIEW PERFORMED FOR SITE EVALUATION(CHECK ALL THAT APPLY):
Office(Desk)Determination. Date:June 19,2007
Field Determination. Date(s):June 13,2007
SECTION H: SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
A. REA SECTION 10 DETERMINATION OF JURISDICTION.
There WAS "navigable waters of the U.S."within Rivers and Harbors Act(RHA)jurisdiction(as defined by 33 CFR part 329)in the
review area.[Required]
Waters subject to the ebb and flow of the tide.
Y_ Waters are presently used,or have been used in the past,or may be susceptible for use to transport interstate or foreign commerce.
Explain:
B. CWA SECTION 404 DETERMINATION OF JURISDICTION.
There Ar "waters of the U_S.".within Clean Water Act(CWA)jurisdiction(as defined by 33 CFR part 328)in the review area.[Required]
1. Waters of the U.S.
a. Indicate presence of waters of U.S.in review area(check all that apply):t
TNWs,including territorial seas
rO Wetlands adjacent to TNWs
Relatively permanent waterS2(RPWs)that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs
3= Non-RPWs that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs
Wetlands directly abutting RPWs that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs
Wetlands adjacent to but not directly abutting RPWs that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs
z Wetlands adjacent to non-RPWs that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs
Impoundments of jurisdictional waters
Isolated(interstate or intrastate)waters,including isolated wetlands
b. Identify(estimate)size of waters of the U.S.in the review area:
Non-wetland waters: 17461inear feet: width(ft)and/or 0.256 acres.
Wetlands:0.209 acres.
c.Limits(boundaries)of jurisdiction based on BDehnefta>rE'Manusl
Elevation of established OHWM(if known):
2. Non-regulated waters/wetlands(check if applicable):3
Potentially jurisdictional waters and/or wetlands were assessed within the review area and determined to be not jurisdictional.
Explain:
Boxes checked below shall be supported by completing the appropriate sections in Section III below.
2 For purposes of this form,an RPW is defined as a tributary that is not a TNW and that typically flows year-round or has continuous flow at least"seasonally"
(e.g.,typically 3 months).
3 Supporting documentation is presented in Section I1I.F.

Y
SECTION III: CWA ANALYSIS.
A. TNWs AND WETLANDS ADJACENT TO TNWs
The agencies will assert jurisdiction over TNWs and wetlands adjacent to TNWs. If the aquatic resource is a TNW,complete
Section III.A.1 and Section M.D.I.only;if the aquatic resource is a wetland adjacent to a TNW,complete Sections IH.A.1 and 2
and Section III.D.1.;otherwise,see Section HLB below.
L TNW
Identify TNW:
Summarize rationale supporting determination:
?. Wetland adincent to TNI l,✓
SUnlnlarize rationale SLlppornng conclusloll that Vicdand 1s--adjacent":
B. CHARACTERISTICS OF TRIBUTARY(THAT IS NOT A TNW)AND ITS ADJACENT WETLANDS(IF ANY):
This section summarizes information regarding characteristics of the tributary and its adjacent wetlands,if any,and it helps
determine whether or not the standards for jurisdiction established under Rapanos have been met.
The agencies will assert jurisdiction over non-navigable tributaries of TNWs where the tributaries are"relatively permanent
waters"(RPWs),i.e.tributaries that typically flow year-round or have continuous flow at least seasonally(e.g.,typically 3
months).A wetland that directly abuts an RPW is also jurisdictional:If the aquatic resource is not a TNW,but has year-round
(perennial)flow,skip to Section III.D.2.If the aquatic resource is a wetland directly abutting a tributary with perennial flow,
skip to Section HI.D.4.
A wetland that is adjacent to but that does not directly abut an RPW requires a significant nexus evaluation.Corps districts and
EPA regions will include in the record any available information that documents the existence of'a significant nexus between a
relatively permanent tributary that is not perennial(and its adjacent wetlands if any)and a traditional navigable water,even
though a significant nexus finding is not required as a matter of law.
If the waterbody4 is not an RPW,or a wetland directly abutting an RPW,a JD will require additional data to determine if the
waterbody has a significant nexus with a TNW.If the tributary has adjacent wetlands,the significant nexus evaluation must
consider the tributary in combination with all of its adjacent wetlands.This significant nexus evaluation that combines,for
analytical purposes,the tributary and all of its adjacent wetlands is used whether the review area identified in the JD request is
the tributary,or its adjacent wetlands,or both.If the JD covers a tributary with adjacent wetlands,complete Section III.B.1 for
the tributary,Section 11I.B.2 for onsite wetlands,-and Section 1H.B.3-for all wetlands adjacent to that tributary,both onsite
and offsite.The determination whether a significant nexus exists is determined in Section III.0 below.
1. Characteristics of non-TNWs that flow directly or indirectly into TNW
(i) General Area Conditions:
Watershed size: 1,196,80099
Drainage area 65 ,
Average annual rainfall:38.1 inches
Average annual snowfall: 15.6 inches
(ii) Physical Characteristics:
(a) Relationship with TNW:
❑Tributary flows directly into TNW.
®Tributary flows through ij tributaries before entering TNW.
Project waters are river miles from TNW.
Project waters areWss river miles from RPW.
po
Project waters are aerial(straight)miles from TNW.
Project waters are y aerial(straight)miles from RPW.
Project waters cross or serve as state boundaries.Explain:N/A.
Identify flow route to TNW5:Perennial Stream A and is met by Unimportant Intermittent Stream B,then flows through
project area to French Broad River.
4 Note that the Instructional Guidebook contains additional information regarding swales,ditches,washes,and erosional features generally"and in the and
West.
s Flow route can be described by identifying,e.g.,tributary a,which flows through the review alrea,to flow into tributary b,which then flows into TNW.

Tributary stream order,if known: 1.
(b) General Tributary Characteristics(check all that apply):
Tributary is: ®Natural
❑Artificial(man-made). Explain:
❑Manipulated (man-altered). Explain:
Tributary properties with respect to top of bank(estimate):
Average width:4-5 feet
Average depth:3-4 feet
Average side slopes . .
Primary tributary substrate composition(check all that apply):
❑ Silts I] Sands 71 Concrete
iJ Cobbles ❑ Grave! I ?? i`duck
❑ Bedrock ❑ Vegetation. Type!`;"o coves:
❑ Other.Explain:
Tributary condition/stability[e.g.,highly eroding,sloughing banks]. Explain:moderate erosion and an incised channel.
Presence ofrun/riffl%ol complexes. Explain:moderate riffle/pool complexes.
Tributary geometry :1e erg
Tributary gradient(approximate average slope):2-4%
(c) Flow:
Tributaryprovides for '
P
Estimate average number of flow events in review area/year:
eafi
Describe flow regime:
Other information on duration and volume:
Surface flow is:'..�s Characteristics:
Subsurface flow: Explain findings:Groundwater present in channel,no rain within last 48 hours.
❑Dye(or other)test performed:
Tributary has(check all that apply):
® Bed and banks
® OHWM6(check all indicators that apply):
❑ clear,natural line impressed on the bank ❑ the presence of litter and debris
changes in-the character of soil ❑ destruction of terrestrial-vegetation
❑ shelving ❑ the presence of wrack line
® vegetation matted down,bent,or absent ❑ sediment sorting
® leaf litter disturbed or washed away ® scour
® sediment deposition ❑ multiple observed or predicted flow events
❑ water staining ❑ abrupt change in plant community
❑ other(list):
❑ Discontinuous OHWM.7 Explain:
If factors other than the OHWM were used to determine lateral extent of CWA jurisdiction(check all that apply):
High Tide Line indicated by: JEJ, Mean High Water Mark indicated by:
❑.oil or scum line along shore objects ❑ survey to available datum;
❑ fine shell or debris deposits(foreshore) ❑ physical markings;
❑ physical markings/characteristics ❑ vegetation lines/changes in vegetation types.
❑ tidal gauges
❑ other(list):
(iii) Chemical Characteristics:
Characterize tributary(e.g.,water color is clear,discolored,oily film;water quality;general watershed characteristics,etc.).
Explain:clear water.
Identify specific pollutants;if known:
6A natural or man-made discontinuity in the OHWM does not necessarily sever jurisdiction(e.g.,where the stream temporarily flows underground,or where
the OHWM has been removed by development or agricultural practices). Where there is a break in the OHWM that is unrelated to the waferbody's flow
regime(e.g.,flow over a rock outcrop or through a culvert),the agencies will look for indicators of flow above and below the break.
'lbid.

(iv) Biological Characteristics. Channel supports(check all that apply):
® Riparian corridor. Characteristics(type,average width):
❑ Wetland fringe. Characteristics:
❑ Habitat for:
❑ Federally Listed species. Explain findings:
❑Fish/spawn areas.Explain findings:
❑ Other environmentally-sensitive species. Explain findings:
❑ Aquatic/wildlife diversity. Explain findings:
2. Characteristics of wetlands adjacent to non-TNW that flow directly or indirectly into TNW
(i) Physical Characteristics:
(a) General Wetland Characteristics:
PTMI)erties:
acres BB 0.009acres
`:Wetland type. Explain:Wetland AA-herbaceous, Wetland BB-forested.
Wetland quality. Explainmatural wetlands,cleared forest area upstream.
Project wetlands cross or serve as state boundaries.Explain:
(b) General Flow Relationship with Non-TNW:
Flow is:Y'je_V_a .Explain: Wetland AA and BB directly abut Stream A.
Surface flow is:
Characteristics:
Subsurface flow:Y . Explain findings:Stream A is perennial with groundwater present in channel,ground saturated to
12".
❑Dye(or other)test performed:
(c) Wetland Adjacency Determination with Non-TNW:
® Directly abutting
❑Not directly abutting
❑ Discrete wetland hydrologic connection. Explain:
❑ Ecological connection. Explain:
❑ Separated by berm/barrier. Explain:
(d) Proximity(Relationship)to TNW
Project wetlands are c ss river miles from TNW.
Project waters are (or aenal(straight)miles from TNW. -
Flow is from Nett ,, g$ airs.
Estimate approximate location of wetland as within the Tfll floodplain.
(ii) Chemical Characteristics:
Characterize wetland system(e.g.,water color is clear,brown,oil film on surface;water quality;general watershed
characteristics;etc.). Explain:Wetland AA is located in the central portion of the property,adjacent to Stream A and is
approximately 0.028 acre in size(Figure 1,enclosed). Dominant vegetation within this area includes silky dogwood
(Cornus amomum),Christmas fem(Polystichum acrostichoides),cinnamon fern(Osmunda cinnamomea),common rush
(Juncus effuses),and jewelweed(Impatiens capensis). This area exhibited low chroma soils(2.5Y 4/1),few prominent
mottles(5YR 4/6),drainage patterns,and saturation within the upper 12 inches of the soil profile. A Routine On-Site
Determination Form representative of Wetland AA is enclosed(DP2).
Wetland BB is located is located downstream of Perennial Stream A and Unimportant Intermittent Stream B(Figure 1,
enclosed). This forested linear wetland is approximately 0.009 acre is size. Dominant vegetation within this area
includes red maple(Acer rubrum),ironwood(Carpinus caroliniana),hazel alder(Alnus serrulata),common rush(Juncos
effuses),and various sedges(Carex spp.). This area exhibited low chroma soils(2.5Y 4/1),few distinct mottles(5YR
4/6),drainage patterns,and saturation within the upper 12 inches of the soil profile. A Routine On-Site Determination
Form representative of Wetland BB is enclosed(DP3).A Photograph of Wetland BB is enclosed as Photographs E.
Identify specific pollutants,if known:
(iii)Biological Characteristics. Wetland supports(check all that apply):
❑ Riparian buffer. Characteristics(type,average width):
® Vegetation type/percent cover. Explain:All plant species are FAC or wetter.
❑ Habitat for:
❑Federally Listed species. Explain findings:
❑Fish/spawn areas.Explain findings:
❑ Other environmentally-sensitive species. Explain findings:

❑Aquatic/wildlife diversity. Explain findings:
3. Characteristics of all wetlands adjacent to the tributary(if any)
All wetland(s)being considered in the cumulative analysis:
Approximately(0.037)acres in total are being considered in the cumulative analysis.

For each wetland,specify the following:
Directly abuts?(Y/N) Size(in acres) Directly abuts?(Y/N) Size(in acres)
Wetland AA Y 0.028 Wetland BB 0.009
Summarize overall biological,chemical and physical functions being performed:Wetland AA is located in the central
portion of the property,adjacent to Stream A and is approximately 0.028 acre in size(Figure 1,enclosed). Dominant vegetation
within this area includes silky dogwood(Cornus atnoinum),Christmas fern(Polystichun acrostichoides),cinnamon fern(Osmunda
cinnamomea),common rush(Juncus effuses),and jewelweed(Impatiens capensis). This area exhibited low chroma soils(2.5Y
^-,/l), fex prominent mottles(5YR 4 6).. :_irainage patterns,and saturation within the upper 12 inches of the soil profile. A Routine
On-Site Determination Form of',%'etland AA is encloses[(DP2).
Wetland BB is located is located downstream of Perennial Stream A and Unimportant Intermittent Stream B(Figure 1,enclosed).
This forested linear wetland is approximately 0.009 acre is size. Dominant vegetation within this area includes red maple(Acer
rubrum),ironwood(Carpinus caroliniana),hazel alder(Alnus serrulata),common rush(Juncus effuses),and various sedges(Carex
spp.). This area exhibited low chroma soils(2.5Y 4/1),few distinct mottles(5YR 4/6),drainage patterns,and saturation within the
upper 12 inches of the soil profile. A Routine On-Site Determination Form representative of Wetland BB is enclosed(DP3).A
Photograph of Wetland BB is enclosed as Photographs E..
C. SIGNIFICANT NEXUS DETERMINATION
A significant nexus analysis will assess the flow characteristics and functions of the tributary itself and the functions performed
by any wetlands adjacent to the tributary to determine if they significantly affect the chemical,physical,and biological integrity
of a TNW. For each of the following situations,a significant nexus exists if the tributary,in combination with all of its adjacent
wetlands,has more than a speculative or insubstantial effect on the chemical,physical and/or biological integrity of a TNW.
Considerations when evaluating significant nexus include,but are not limited to the volume,duration,and frequency of the flow
of water in the tributary and its proximity to a TNW,and the functions performed by the tributary and all its adjacent
wetlands. It is not appropriate to determine significant nexus based solely on any specific threshold of distance(e.g.between a
tributary and its adjacent wetland or between a tributary and the TNW).Similarly,the fact an adjacent wetland lies within or
outside of a floodplain is not solely determinative of significant nexus. -
Draw connections between the features documented and the effects on the TNW,as identified in the Rapanos Guidance and
'discussed in the Instructional Guidebook.Factors to consider include,for example:
• Does the tributary,in combination with its adjacent wetlands(if any),have the capacity to carry pollutants or flood waters to
TNWs,or to reduce the amount of pollutants or flood waters reaching a TNW?
• Does the tributary,in combination with its adjacent wetlands(if any),provide habitat and lifecycle support functions for fish and
other species,such as feeding,nesting,spawning,or rearing young for species that are present in the TNW?
• Does the tributary,in combination with its adjacent wetlands(if any),have the capacity to transfer nutrients and organic carbon that
support downstream foodwebs?
• Does the tributary,in combination with its adjacent wetlands(if any),have other relationships to the physical,chemical,or
biological integrity of the TNW?
Note:the above list of considerations is not inclusive and other functions observed or known to occur should be documented
below:
1. Significant nexus findings for non-RPW that has no adjacent wetlands and flows directly or indirectly into TNWs. Explain
findings of presence or absence of significant nexus below,based on the tributary itself,then go to Section III.D:
2. Significant nexus findings for non-RPW and its adjacent wetlands,where the non-RPW flows directly or indirectly into
TNWs. Explain findings of presence or absence of significant nexus below,based on the tributary in combination with all of its
adjacent wetlands,then go to Section III.D:
3. Significant nexus findings for wetlands adjacent to an RPW but that do not directly abut the RPW.Explain findings of
presence or absence of significant nexus below,based on the tributary in combination with all of its adjacent wetlands,then go to
Section III.D:
D. DETERMINATIONS OF JURISDICTIONAL FINDINGS.THE SUBJECT WATERS/WETLANDS ARE(CHECK ALL
THAT APPLY):

1. TNWs and Adjacent Wetlands. Check all that apply and provide size estimates in review area:
TNWs: linear feet width(ft),Or, acres.
Wetlands adjacent to TNWs: acres.
2. RPWs that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs.
Tributaries of TNWs where tributaries typically flow year-round are jurisdictional.Provide data and rationale indicating that
tributary is perennial:Stream A flows through the middle portion of the property and is approximately 1,540 linear feet in
length(Figure 1,enclosed). This channel exhibited average ordinary high water widths of 4-5 feet,perennial flow,moderate
sinuosity,and substrate consisting of fine sand to small cobbles. Biological sampling of Stream A resulted in a weak presence
of crayfish and amphibians,and a weak presence of benthic macroinvertebrates. USACE Stream Quality Assessment scores
for Perennial Stream A ranged from 49 to 53 out of a possible 100 points and ranged from 33.5 to 36.5 out of 71 possible
points on the NCDWQ Stream Classification Form,indicating perennial status(SCP1 through SCP3,enclosed). Photographs
of Perennial Stream A are enclosed as Photographs A and B.
c`t` Tributaries ofTNW where tributaries have continuous tlovv-seasonally- typicaly three months each _ear)are
juriSdictionai. Data supporting This coneiuston is 1prw ided ai J'2c C16n HLB. �t'CVt le raLlUnaie(nLllCatill'G i(lai iCI L'L(Yar?? Ci01•bti
seasonally:
Provide estimates for jurisdictional waters in the review area(check all that apply):
Tributary waters: 1221 linear feet4-5width(ft).
Other non-wetland waters: acres.
Identify type(s)of waters:
3. Non-RPWss that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs.
Waterbody that is not a TNW or an RPW,but flows directly or indirectly into a TNW,and it has a significant nexus with a
TNW is jurisdictional.Data supporting this conclusion is provided at Section III.C.
Provide estimates for jurisdictional waters within the review area(check all that apply):
Tributary waters: linear feet width(ft).
Other non-wetland waters: acres.
Identify type(s)of waters:
4. Wetlands directly abutting an RPW that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs.
Wetlands directly abut RPW and thus are jurisdictional as adjacent wetlands.
Wetlands directly abutting an RPW where tributaries typically flow year-round. Provide data and rationale
indicating that tributary is perennial in Section III.D.2,above.Provide rationale indicating that wetland is
directly abutting an RPW:Wetland AA is located-in the central portion of the property,adjacent to Stream A and is
approximately 0.028 acre in size(Figure 1,enclosed). Dominant vegetation within this area includes silky
dogwood(Cornus amomum),Christmas fern(Polystichum acrostichoides),cinnamon fern(Osmunda
cinnamomea),common rush(Juncus effuses),and jewelweed(Impatiens capensis). This area exhibited low
chroma soils(2.5Y 4/1),few prominent mottles(5YR 4/6),drainage patterns,and saturation within the upper 12
inches of the soil profile. A Routine On-Site Determination Form representative of Wetland AA is enclosed(DP2).
Wetland BB is located is located downstream of Perennial Stream A and Unimportant Intermittent Stream B
(Figure 1,enclosed). This forested linear wetland is approximately 0.009 acre is size. Dominant vegetation within
this area includes red maple(Acer rubrum),ironwood(Carpinus caroliniana),hazel alder(Alnus serrulata),
common rush(Juncus effuses),and various sedges(Carex spp.). This area exhibited low chroma soils(2.5Y 4/1),
few distinct mottles(5YR 4/6),drainage patterns,and saturation within the upper 12 inches of the soil profile. A
Routine On-Site Determination Form representative of Wetland BB is enclosed(DP3).A Photograph of Wetland
BB is enclosed as Photographs E.
Wetlands directly abutting an RPW where tributaries typically flow"seasonally." Provide data indicating that tributary is
seasonal in Section III.B and rationale in Section III.D.2,above.Provide rationale indicating that wetland is directly
abutting an RPW:
Provide acreage estimates for jurisdictional wetlands in the review area:0.037acres.
5. Wetlands adjacent to but not directly abutting an RPW that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs.
Wetlands that do not directly abut an RPW,but when considered in combination with the tributary to which they are adjacent
and with similarly situated adjacent wetlands,have a significant nexus with a TNW are jurisidictional.Data supporting this
conclusion is provided at Section III.C.
$See Footnote#3.

i
Provide acreage estimates for jurisdictional wetlands in the review area: acres.
6. Wetlands adjacent to non-RPWs that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs.
Wetlands adjacent to such waters,and have when considered in combination with the tributary to which they are adjacent and
with similarly situated adjacent wetlands,have a significant nexus with a TNW are jurisdictional.Data supporting this
conclusion is provided at Section III.C.
Provide estimates for jurisdictional wetlands in the review area: acres.
7. Impoundments of jurisdictional waters.9
As a general rule,the impoundment of a jurisdictional tributary remains jurisdictional.
Demonstrate that impoundment%.vas created 1ronl"waters or the U.S.,"or
r DCmOnSii'aic Chat�datCi"Illi:eC5 rile:criteria it>r,>ne or the categories presented above i,i-6). .J l"
Demonstrate that water is isolated with a nesuS to commerce(see E below).
E. ISOLATED [INTERSTATE OR INTRA-STATE] WATERS,INCLUDING ISOLATED WETLANDS,THE USE,
DEGRADATION OR DESTRUCTION OF WHICH COULD AFFECT INTERSTATE COMMERCE,INCLUDING ANY
SUCH WATERS(CHECK ALL THAT APPLY):lo
which are or could be used by interstate or foreign travelers for recreational or other purposes.
from which fish or shellfish are or could be taken and sold in interstate or foreign commerce.
which are or could be used for industrial purposes by industries in interstate commerce.
Interstate isolated waters. Explain:
❑H1
Other factors. Explain:
Identify water body and summarize rationale supporting determination:
Provide estimates for jurisdictional waters in the review area(check all that apply):
Tributary waters: linear feet width(ft).
Other non-wetland waters: acres.
Identify type(s)of waters:
Wetlands: acres.
F. NON=JURISDICTIONAL WATERS,INCLUDING WETLANDS(CHECK ALL THAT APPLY):
If potential wetlands were assessed within the review area,these areas did not meet the criteria in the 1987 Corps of Engineers
Wetland Delineation Manual and/or appropriate Regional Supplements.
Review area included isolated waters with no substantial nexus to interstate(or foreign)commerce.
❑ Prior to the Jan 2001 Supreme Court decision in"SWANCC,"the review area would have been regulated based solely on the
"Migratory Bird Rule"(MBR).
Waters do not meet the"Significant Nexus"standard,where such a finding is required for jurisdiction. Explain:
Other:(explain,if not covered above):
Provide acreage estimates for non jurisdictional waters in the review area,where the sole potential basis of jurisdiction is the MBR
factors(i.e.,presence of migratory birds,presence of endangered species,use of water for irrigated agriculture),using best professional.
judgment(check all that apply):
N_, Non-wetland waters(i.e.,rivers,streams): linear feet width(ft).
Lakes/ponds: acres.
Other non-wetland waters: acres.List type of aquatic resource:
Wetlands: acres.
Provide acreage estimates for non jurisdictional waters in the review area that do not meet the"Significant Nexus"standard,where such
a finding is required for jurisdiction(check all that apply):
Non-wetland waters(i.e.,rivers,streams): linear feet, width(ft).
Lakes/ponds: acres.
Other non-wetland waters: acres. List type of aquatic resource:
Wetlands: acres.
9 To complete the analysis refer to the key in Section III.D.6 of the Instructional Guidebook
10 Prior to asserting or declining CWA jurisdiction based solely on this category,Corps Districts will elevate the action to Corps and EPA HQ for
review consistent with the process described in the Corps/EPA Memorandum Regarding CWA Act Jurisdiction Following Rapanos.

SECTION IV: DATA SOURCES.
A. SUPPORTING DATA. Data reviewed for JD(check all that apply checked items shall be included in case file and,where checked
and requested,appropriately reference sources below):
Maps,plans,plots or plat submitted by or on behalf of the applicant/consultant:
Data sheets prepared/submitted by or on behalf of the applicant/consultant.
® Office concurs with data sheets/delineation report.
❑ Office does not concur with data sheets/delineation report.
Data sheets prepared by the Corps:
Corps navigable waters'study:
U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Atlas:
❑ USGS N141)data.
❑ U.S. Geological Survey map(s). Cite scale A quad name:Skyland, North Carolina, 1991.
USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service Soil Survey.Citation:
National wetlands inventory map(s). Cite name:
State/Local wetland inventory map(s):
FEMA/FIRM maps:
` 100-year Floodplain Elevation is: (National Geodectic Vertical Datum of 1929)
Photographs:❑Aerial(Name&Date):
or® Other(Name&Date):See attached report.
Previous determination(s). File no.and date of response letter:
Applicable/supporting case law:
Applicable/supporting scientific literature:
Other information(please specify):
B. ADDITIONAL COMMENTS TO SUPPORT JD:

APPROVED JURISDICTIONAL DETERMINATION FORM
U.S.Army Corps of Engineers
This form should'be completed by following the instructions provided in Section IV of the JD Form Instructional Guidebook.
SECTION I: BACKGROUND INFORMATION
A. REPORT COMPLETION DATE FOR APPROVED JURISDICTIONAL DETERMINATION(JD):July 16,2007
B. DISTRICT OFFICE,FILE NAME,AND NUMBER:Asheville Regional Office
C. PROJECT LOCATION AND BACKGROUND INFORMATION:The Asheville Regional Airport Expansion site is located
adjacent to Highway 26,on existing Airport Authority property in Fletcher,North Carolina,Perennial Stream A-Lower Reach
State:NC County/parish/borough: Buncombe City: Fletcher
lr.:'sil CE:r�i)ii i'C.11Ydtl'.)ilr JI e f IaC;IOi1 LT iil de�',ree:decirnai fora-im): L lf. 1 6120 �, L OI1Ld. ii�. 4'_��" ;�ti.
Univa�rsal Tninsvcrse�:lercator:
Name of nearest waterbody:French Broad River
Name of nearest Traditional Navigable Water(TNW)into which the aquatic resource flows:French Broad River -
Name of watershed or Hydrologic Unit Code(HUC): 06010105
Check if map/diagram of review area and/or potential jurisdictional areas is/are available upon request.
l ' Check if other sites(e.g.,offsite mitigation sites,disposal sites,etc...)are associated with this action and are recorded on a
different JD form.
D. REVIEW PERFORMED FOR SITE EVALUATION(CHECK ALL THAT APPLY):
Office(Desk)Determination. Date:June 19,2007
Field Determination. Date(s):June 13,2007
SECTION H: SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
A. RUA SECTION 10 DETERMINATION OF JURISDICTION.
There'" ' "navigable waters of the U.S."within Rivers and Harbors Act(RHA)jurisdiction(as defined by 33 CFR part 329)in the
review area.[Required]
Waters subject to the ebb and flow of the tide.
Waters are presently used,or have been used in the past,or may be susceptible for use to transport interstate or foreign commerce.
Explain:
B. CWA SECTION 404 DETERMINATION OF JURISDICTION.
There, e"waters of the.U.S.".within Clean Water Act(CWA)jurisdiction(as defined by 33 CFR part 328)in the review area.[_Required]
1. Waters of the U.S.
a. Indicate presence of waters of U.S.in review area(check all that apply):1
TNWs,including territorial seas
Wetlands adjacent to TNWs
Relatively permanent watersZ(RPWs)that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs
Non-RPWs that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs
ji Wetlands directly abutting RPWs that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs
Wetlands adjacent to but not directly abutting RPWs that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs
Wetlands adjacent to non-RPWs that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs
Impoundments of jurisdictional waters
Isolated(interstate or intrastate)waters,including isolated wetlands
b. Identify(estimate)size of waters of the U.S.in the review area:
Non-wetland waters: 17461inear feet: width(ft)and/or 0.256 acres.
Wetlands:0.209 acres.
c.Limits(boundaries)of jurisdiction based on � 'elsne� a�u
Elevation of established OHWM(if known):
2. Non-regulated waters/wetlands(check if applicable):3
�°l_€ Potentially jurisdictional waters and/or wetlands were assessed within the review area and determined to be not jurisdictional.
Explain:
'Boxes checked below shall be supported by completing the appropriate sections in Section III below.
2 For purposes of this form,an RPW is defined as a tributary that is not a TNW and that typically flows year-round or has continuous flow at least"seasonally"
(e.g.,typically 3 months).
3 Supporting documentation is presented in Section III.F.

SECTION III: CWA•ANALYSIS
A. TNWs AND WETLANDS ADJACENT TO TNWs
The agencies will assert jurisdiction over TNWs and wetlands adjacent to TNWs. If the aquatic resource is a TNW,complete
Section HI.A.1 and Section III.D.I.only;if the aquatic resource is a wetland adjacent to a TNW,complete Sections IH.A.1 and 2
and Section III.D.1.; otherwise,see Section HI.B below.
1. TNW
Identify TNW:
Summarize rationale supporting detenmination:
2. We land adjacent to TNW
SL1111111un7_C ratiOMIle eUPPOI-Tillg C;onciusio❑ihai�VeLiiellU i� :id)UCwI1L
B. CHARACTERISTICS OF TRIBUTARY(THAT IS NOT A TNW)AND ITS ADJACENT WETLANDS(IF ANY):
This section summarizes information regarding characteristics of the tributary and its adjacent wetlands,if any,and it helps
determine whether or not the standards for jurisdiction established under Rapanos have been met.
The agencies will assert jurisdiction over non-navigable tributaries of TNWs where the tributaries are"relatively permanent
waters"(RPWs),i.e.tributaries that typically flow year-round or have continuous flow at least seasonally(e.g.,typically 3
months).A wetland that directly abuts an RPW is also jurisdictional.If the aquatic resource is not a TNW,but has year-round
(perennial)flow,skip to Section III.D.2.If the aquatic resource is a wetland directly abutting a tributary with perennial flow,
skip to Section III.D.4.
A wetland that is adjacent to but that does not directly abut an RPW requires a significant nexus evaluation.Corps districts and
EPA regions will include in the record any available information that documents the existence of a significant nexus between a
relatively permanent tributary that is not perennial(and its adjacent wetlands if any)and a traditional navigable water,even
though a significant nexus finding is not required as a matter of law.
If the waterbody°is"riot an RPW,or a wetland directly abutting an RPW,a JD will require additional data to determine if the
waterbody has a significant nexus with a TNW.If the tributary has adjacent wetlands,the significant nexus evaluation must
consider the tributary in combination with all of its adjacent wetlands.This significant nexus evaluation that combines,for
analytical purposes,the tributary and all of its adjacent wetlands is used whether the review area identified in the JD request is
the tributary,or its adjacent wetlands,or both.If the JD covers a tributary with adjacent wetlands,complete Section III.B.1 for
the tributary;Section I.B'.2 for any onsite wetlands,and Section III.B.3 for all wetlands adj"acent to-that tributary,both onsite
and offsite.The determination whether a significant nexus exists is determined in Section III.0 below.
1. Characteristics of non-TNWs that flow directly or indirectly into TNW
(i) General Area Conditions:
Watershed size. 1,196,8 3 x" "6 ""
Drainage area: 1.68
Average annual rainfall:38.1 inches
Average annual snowfall: 15.6 inches
(ii) Physical Characteristics:
(a) Relationship with TNW:
❑Tributary flows directly into TNW.
®Tributary flows through tributaries before entering TNW.
Project waters are river miles from TNW.
Project waters are J£ l` river miles from RPW.
Project waters are aerial(straight)miles from TNW.
Project waters are aerial(straight)miles from RPW.
Project waters cross or serve as state boundaries.Explain:N/A.
Identify flow route to TNW5:Perennial Stream A and is met by Unimportant Intermittent Stream B,then flows through
project area to French Broad River.
"Note that the Instructional Guidebook contains additional information regarding swales,ditches,washes,and erosional features generally and in the and
West.
5 Flow route can be described by identifying,e.g.,tributary a,which flows through the review area,16 flow into tributary b,which then flows into TNW.

Tributary stream order,if known:2.
(b) General Tributary Characteristics(check all that apply):
Tributary is: ®Natural
❑Artificial(man-made). Explain:
❑ Manipulated (man-altered). Explain:
Tributary properties with respect to top of bank(estimate):
Average width:4-5 feet
Average depth:3-4 feet
Average side slopes: .
Primary tributary substrate composition(check all that apply):
❑ Siits ❑ Sands ❑ Concrete
GJ Cobbles" j Gravel. 71 ;'Vluc;<
❑ Bedrock ❑ Vegetation. Type,,u,h cover:
❑ Other.Explain:
Tributary condition/stability[e.g.,highly eroding,sloughing banks]. Explain:moderate erosion and an incised channel.
Presence of run/riffle/pool complexes. Explain:moderate riffle/pool complexes.
Tributary geometry can en�n
Tributary gradient(approximate average slope):2-4%
(c) Flow:
Tributary provides for:,r�easa ��q
Estimate average number of flow events in review area/ ear MR- f g Y ��r safe
Describe flow regime:
Other information on duration and volume:
Surface flow is:£.. e. Characteristics:
Subsurface flow: s. Explain findings:Groundwater present in channel,no rain within last 48 hours.
❑ Dye(or other)test performed:
Tributary has(check all that apply):
® Bed and banks _
® OHWM6(check all-indicators that apply):
❑ clear,natural line impressed on the bank ❑ the presence of litter and debris
❑ changes in the character of soil ❑ destruction of-terrestrial vegetation
❑ shelving ❑ the presence of wrack line
® vegetation matted down,bent,or absent ❑ sediment sorting
® leaf litter disturbed or washed away ® scour
® sediment deposition ❑ multiple observed or predicted flow events
❑ water staining ❑ abrupt change in plant community
❑ other(list):
❑ Discontinuous OHWM.7 Explain:
If factors other than the OHWM were used to determine lateral extent of CWA jurisdiction(check all that apply):
❑ High Tide Line indicated by: M Mean High Water Mark indicated by:
❑ oil or scum line along shore objects ❑ survey to available datum;
❑ fine shell or debris deposits(foreshore) ❑physical markings;
❑ physical markings/characteristics ❑vegetation lines/changes in vegetation types.
❑ tidal gauges
❑ other(list):
(iii) Chemical Characteristics:
Characterize tributary(e.g.,water color is clear,discolored,oily film;water quality;general watershed characteristics,etc.).
Explain:clear water.
Identify specific pollutants,if known:
6A natural or man-made discontinuity in the OHWM does not necessarily sever jurisdiction(e.g.,where the stream temporarily flows underground,or where
the OHWM has been removed by development or agricultural practices). Where there is a break in the OHWM that is unrelated to the waterbody's flow
regime(e.g.,flow over a rock outcrop or through a culvert),the agencies will look for indicators of flow above and below the break.
'Ibid.

(iv) Biological Characteristics. Channel supports(check all that apply):
® Riparian corridor. Characteristics(type,average width):
❑ Wetland fringe. Characteristics:
® Habitat for:
❑Federally Listed species. Explain findings:
❑Fish/spawn areas.Explain findings:
❑ Other environmentally-sensitive species. Explain findings:
®Aquatic/wildlife diversity. Explain findings:weak presence of crayfish and amphibians,and a weak presence of
benthic macroinvertebrates.
2. Characteristics of wetlands adjacent to non-TNW that flow directly or indirectly into TNW
(i) Physical Characteristics:
r.) !general Wetland Characteristics:
?Mperries:
Wetland size: acres
Wetland type. Explain:
Wetland quality. Explain:
Project wetlands cross or serve as state boundaries.Explain:
(b) General Flow Relationship with Non-TNW:
Flow is:�c .Explain:
Surface flow is:=Fltc�
Characteristics:
Subsurface flow:,W Explain findings:
❑ Dye(or other)test performed:
(c) Wetland Adjacency Determination with Non-TNW:
❑Directly abutting
❑Not directly abutting
❑ Discrete wetland hydrologic connection. Explain:
❑ Ecological.connection. Explain:
❑ Separated by berm/barrier. Explain:
(d) Proximity(Relationship)to TNW
Project wetlands are to river miles from TNW.
Project waters are Ptck Wit aerial(straight)miles from TNW.
Flow is from , > 1
Estimate approximate location of wetland as within the floodplain.
(ii) Chemical Characteristics:
Characterize wetland system(e.g.,water color is clear,brown,oil film on surface;water quality;general watershed
characteristics;etc.). Explain:
Identify specific pollutants,if blown:
(iii)Biological Characteristics. Wetland supports(check all that apply):
❑ Riparian buffer. Characteristics(type,average width):
❑ Vegetation type/percent cover. Explain:
❑ Habitat for:
❑Federally Listed species. Explain findings:
❑Fish/spawn areas.Explain findings:
❑ Other environmentally-sensitive species. Explain findings:
❑Aquatic/wildlife diversity. Explain findings:
3. Characteristics of all wetlands adjacent to the tributary(if any)
All wetland(s)being considered in the cumulative analysis:3 a
Approximately( )acres in total are being considered in the cumulative analysis.

For each wetland,specify the following:
Directly abuts?(Y/N) Size(in acres) Directly abuts?(Y/N) Size(in acres)
Summarize overall biological,chemical and physical functions being performed:
C. SIGNIFICANT NEXUS DETERIMINATION
.A significant ne:ins anal'isis '"Vill assess file;iow cha ra ereris ties and i1inctions of die ri ibmarY itself and r e functions Per i0r73:et!
by any wetlands adjacent to the tributary to determine if they significantly affect the chemical,physical,and biological integrity
of a TNW. For each of the following situations,a significant nexus exists if the tributary,in combination with all of its adjacent
wetlands,has more than a speculative or insubstantial effect on the chemical,physical and/or biological integrity of a TNW.
Considerations when evaluating significant nexus include,but are not limited to the volume,duration,and frequency of the flow
of water in the tributary and its proximity to a TNW,and the functions performed by the tributary and all its adjacent
wetlands. It is not appropriate to determine significant nexus based solely on any specific threshold of distance(e.g.between a
tributary and its adjacent wetland or between a tributary and the TNW).Similarly,the fact an adjacent wetland lies within or
outside of a floodplain is not solely determinative of significant nexus.
Draw connections between the features documented and the effects on the TNW,as identified in the Rapanos Guidance and
discussed in the Instructional Guidebook.Factors to consider include,for example:
• Does the tributary,in combination with its adjacent wetlands(if any),have the capacity to carry pollutants or flood waters to
TNWs,or to reduce the amount of pollutants or flood waters reaching a TNW?
• Does the tributary,in combination with its adjacent wetlands(if any),provide habitat and lifecycle support functions for fish and
other species,such as feeding,nesting,spawning,or rearing young for species that are present in the TNW?
• Does the tributary,in combination with its adjacent wetlands(if any),have the capacity to transfer nutrients and organic carbon that
support downstream foodwebs?
• Does the tributary,in combination with its adjacent wetlands(if any),have other relationships to the physical,chemical,or
biological integrity of the TNW?
Note:the above list of considerations is not inclusive and other functions observed or known to occur_should be documented
below:
1. Significant nexus findings for non-RPW that has no adjacent wetlands and flows directly or indirectly into TNWs. Explain
findings of presence or absence of significant nexus below,based on the tributary itself,then go to Section III.D:
2. Significant nexus findings for non-RPW and its adjacent wetlands,where the non-RPW flows directly or indirectly into
TNWs. Explain findings of presence or absence of significant nexus below,based on the tributary in combination with all of its
adjacent wetlands,then go to Section III.D:
3. Significant nexus findings for wetlands adjacent to an RPW but that do not directly abut the RPW.Explain findings of
presence or absence of significant nexus below,based on the tributary in combination with all of its adjacent wetlands,then go to
SectionlII.D:
D. DETERMINATIONS OF JURISDICTIONAL FINDINGS.THE SUBJECT WATERS/WETLANDS ARE(CHECK ALL
THAT APPLY):
1 TNWs and Adjacent Wetlands. Check all that apply and provide size estimates in review area:
TNWs: linear feet width(ft),Or, acres.
via Wetlands adjacent to TNWs: acres.
2. RPWs that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs.
Tributaries of TNWs where tributaries typically,flow year-round.are jurisdictional.Provide data and rationale indicating that
tributary is perennial:Stream A flows through the middle portion of the property and is approximately 1,540 linear feet in
length(Figure 1,enclosed). This channel exhibited average ordinary high water widths of 4-5 feet,perennial flow,moderate
sinuosity,and substrate consisting of fine sand to small cobbles. Biological sampling of Stream A resulted in a weak presence
of crayfish and amphibians,and a weak presence of benthic macroinvertebrates. USACE Stream Quality Assessment scores
for Perennial Stream A ranged from 49 to 53 out of a possible 100 points and ranged from 33.5 to 36.5 out of 71 possible
points on the NCDWQ Stream Classification Form,indicating perennial status(SCP1 through SCP3,enclosed). Photographs
of Perennial Stream A are enclosed as Photographs A and B.

Tributaries of TNW where tributaries have continuous flow"seasonally"(e.g.,typically three months each year)are
jurisdictional. Data supporting this conclusion is provided at Section HI.B. Provide rationale indicating that tributary flows
seasonally:
Provide estimates for jurisdictional waters in the review area(check all that apply):
LZ Tributary waters: 190 linear feet4-5width(ft).
Other non-wetland waters: acres.
Identify type(s)of waters:
3. Non-RPWs8 that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs.
Waterbody that is not a TNW or an RPW,but flows directly or indirectly into a TNW,and it has a significant nexus with a
1'\�\V is Jurisdictional. Mara upporrinir this ::OC1Clll51C11 is provided at Section lil.C.
Provide estimates torjurisdictional waters within the review area(check all thar apply):
Tributary waters: linear feet width(ft).
Other non-wetland waters: acres.
Identify type(s)of waters:
4. Wetlands directly abutting an RPW that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs.
Wetlands directly abut RPW and thus are jurisdictional as adjacent wetlands.
Wetlands directlyabutting an RPW where tributaries g typically flow year-round. Provide data and rationale
indicating that tributary is perennial in Section III.D.2,above.Provide rationale indicating that wetland is
directly abutting an RPW:
J0. Wetlands directly abutting an RPW where tributaries typically flow"seasonally." Provide data indicating that tributary is
seasonal in Section III.B and rationale in Section III.D.2,above.Provide rationale indicating that wetland is directly
abutting an RPW:
Provide acreage estimates for jurisdictional wetlands in the review area: acres.
5. Wetlands adjacent to but not directly abutting an RPW that flow directly or indirectly into TNWS.
El Wetlands that do not directly abut an RPW,but when considered in combination with the tributary to which they are adjacent
and with similarly situated adjacent wetlands,have a significant nexus with a TNW are jurisidictional.Data supporting this
conclusion is provided at Section III.C.
Provide acreage estimates for jurisdictional wetlands in the review area: acres.
6. Wetlands adjacent to non-RPWs that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs.
Wetlands adjacent to such waters,and have when considered in combination with the tributary to which they are adjacent and
with similarly situated adjacent wetlands,have a significant nexus with a TNW are jurisdictional.Data supporting this
conclusion is provided at Section III.C.
Provide estimates for jurisdictional wetlands in the review area: acres.
7. Impoundments of jurisdictional waters.
As a general rule,the impoundment of a jurisdictional tributary remains jurisdictional.
Erl Demonstrate that impoundment was created from"waters of the U.S.,"or
Demonstrate that water meets the criteria for one of the categories presented above(1-6),or
Demonstrate that water is isolated with a nexus to commerce(see E below).
E. ISOLATED [INTERSTATE OR INTRASTATE]WATERS,INCLUDING ISOLATED WETLANDS,THE USE,
DEGRADATION OR DESTRUCTION OF WHICH COULD AFFECT INTERSTATE COMMERCE,INCLUDING ANY
SUCH WATERS(CHECK ALL THAT APPLY):"
which are or could be used by interstate or foreign travelers for recreational or other purposes.
8See Footnote#3.
9 To complete the analysis refer to the key in Section III.D.6 of the Instructional Guidebook
to Prior to asserting or declining CWA jurisdiction based solely on this category,Corps Districts will elevate the action to Corps and EPA HQ for
review consistent with the process described in the Corps/EPA Memorandum Regarding CWA Act Jurisdiction Following Rapanos.

from which fish or shellfish are or could be taken and sold in interstate or foreign commerce.
which are or could be used for industrial purposes by industries in interstate commerce.
Interstate isolated waters. Explain:
Other factors. Explain:
Identify water body and summarize rationale supporting determination:
Provide estimates for jurisdictional waters in the review area(check all that apply):
° Tributary waters: linear feet width(ft).
Other non-wetland waters: acres.
Identify type(s)of waters:
`.Veriallds: acres.
F. NON-JURISDICTIONAL WATERS,INCLUDING WETLANDS(CHECK ALL THAT APPLY):
If potential wetlands were assessed within the review area,these areas did not meet the criteria in the 1987 Corps of Engineers
Wetland Delineation Manual and/or appropriate Regional Supplements.
Review area included isolated waters with no substantial nexus to interstate(or foreign)commerce.
❑ Prior to the Jan 2001.Supreme Court decision in"SWANCC,"the review area would have been regulated based solely on the
"Migratory Bird Rule"(MBR).
{ Waters do not meet the"Significant Nexus"standard,where such a finding is required for jurisdiction. Explain:
Other:(explain,if not covered above):
Provide acreage estimates for non jurisdictional waters in the review area,where the sole potential basis of jurisdiction is the MBR
factors(i.e.,presence of migratory birds,presence of endangered species,use of water for irrigated agriculture),using best professional
judgment(check all that apply):
Non-wetland waters(i.e.,rivers,streams): linear feet width(ft).
Lakes/ponds: acres.
[� Other non-wetland waters: acres.List type of aquatic resource:
Wetlands: acres.
Provide acreage estimates for non jurisdictional waters in the review area that do not meet the"Significant Nexus"standard,where such
a finding is required for jurisdiction(check all that apply):
Non-wetland waters(i.e.,rivers,streams): linear feet, width(ft).
y Lakes/ponds: acres.
Other non-wetland waters: acres. List type of aquatic resource:
Wetlands: acres.
SECTION IV: DATA SOURCES.
A. SUPPORTING DATA. Data reviewed for JD(check all that apply-checked items shall be included in case file and,where checked
and requested,appropriately reference sources below):
Maps,plans,plots or plat submitted by or on behalf of the applicant/consultant:
Data sheets prepared/submitted by or on behalf of the applicant/consultant.
® Office concurs with data sheets/delineation report.
❑ Office does not concur with data sheets/delineation report.
Data sheets prepared by the Corps:
Corps navigable waters'study:
U.S.Geological Survey Hydrologic Atlas:
❑ USGS NHD data.
❑USGS 8 and 12 digit HUC maps.
U.S.Geological Survey map(s).Cite scale&quad name:Skyland,North Carolina, 1991.
USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service Soil Survey.Citation:
National wetlands inventory map(s). Cite name:
State/Local wetland inventory map(s):
e FEMA/FIRM maps:
100-year Floodplain Elevation is: (National Geodectic Vertical Datum of 1929)
Photographs:❑Aerial(Name&'Date):
or® Other(Name&Date):See attached report.
Previous determination(s). File no. and date of response letter:
Applicable/supporting case law:
Applicable/supporting scientific literature:
Other information(please specify):

APPROVED JURISDICTIONAL DETERMINATION FORM
U.S.Army Corps of Engineers
This form should be completed by following the instructions provided in Section IV of the JD Form Instructional Guidebook.
SECTION I: BACKGROUND INFORMATION
A. REPORT COMPLETION DATE FOR APPROVED JURISDICTIONAL DETERMINATION(JD):July 16,2007
B. DISTRICT OFFICE,FILE NAME,AND NUMBER:Asheville Regional Office
C. PROJECT LOCATION AND BACKGROUND INFORMATION:The Asheville Regional Airport Expansion site is located
adjacent to Highway 26,on existing Airport Authority property in Fletcher,North Carolina,Unimportant Intermittent Stream B
State:NC County/parish/borough: Buncombe City: Fletcher
L C'.ntl;r CGUrU n7aI::S f;iitC(i21 C'lUll�.P,Cie�,ree Ci t;Cl(11❑! t(iilllatj: �.L1L.�,,.-=6 i_`;�`�, �JIi�T. :>:J1_21°'€r�.
ihivcrsal Transverse \,locator:
Name of nearest waterbody: French Broad River
Natne of nearest Traditional Navigable Water(TNW)into which the aquatic resource flows:French Broad River
Name of watershed or Hydrologic Unit Code(HUC):06010105
Check if map/diagram of review area and/or potential jurisdictional areas is/are available upon request.
{ Check if other sites(e.g.,offsite mitigation sites,disposal sites,etc...)are associated with this action and are recorded on a
different JD form.
D. REVIEW PERFORMED FOR SITE EVALUATION(CHECK ALL THAT APPLY):
Office(Desk)Determination. Date:June 19,2007
Field Determination. Date(s):June 13,2007
SECTION 11: SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
A. RHA SECTION 10 DETERMINATION OF JURISDICTION.
There.A1 ,navigable waters of the U.S."within Rivers and Harbors Act(RHA)jurisdiction(as defined by 33 CFR part 329)in the
review area. [Required]
Waters subject to the ebb and flow of the tide.
M Waters are presently used,or have been used in the past,or may be susceptible for use to transport interstate or foreign commerce.
Explain:
B. CWA SECTION 404 DETERMINATION OF JURISDICTION.
There Ac ,waters o the U.S."within Clean Water.Act CWA jurisdiction as defined b 33 CFR art 328 m the review area.[Required]f ( )j ( Y P ) � [ q d]
1. Waters of the U.S.
a. Indicate presence of waters of U.S.in review area(check all that apply):t
TNWs,including territorial seas
Wetlands adjacent to TNWs
Relatively permanent waters (RPWs)that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs
0 Non-RPWs that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs
Wetlands directly abutting RPWs that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs
Wetlands adjacent to but not directly abutting RPWs that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs
(Z!� Wetlands adjacent to non-RPWs that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs
Impoundments of jurisdictional waters
Isolated(interstate or intrastate)waters,including isolated wetlands
b. Identify(estimate)size of waters of the U.S.in the review area:
Non-wetland waters: 17461inear feet: width(ft)and/or 0.256 acres.
Wetlands:0.209 acres.
c.Limits(boundaries)of jurisdiction based on $TDclrnt van
Elevation of established OHWM(if known):
2. Non-regulated waters/wetlands(check if applicable):3
( Potentially jurisdictional waters and/or wetlands were assessed within the review area and determined to be not jurisdictional.
Explain:
1 Boxes checked below shall be supported by completing the appropriate sections in Section III below.
2 For purposes of this form,an RPW is defined as a tributary that is not a TNW and that typically flows year-round or has continuous flow at least"seasonally"
(e.g.,typically 3 months).
3 Supporting documentation is presented in Section HIT.

SECTION III: CWA ANALYSIS
A. TNWs AND WETLANDS ADJACENT TO TNWs
The agencies will assert jurisdiction over TNWs and wetlands adjacent to TNWs. If the aquatic resource is a TNW,complete
Section III.A.1 and Section III.D.1.only;if the aquatic resource is a wetland adjacent to a TNW,complete Sections III.A.1 and 2
and Section IH.D.1.;otherwise,see Section III.B below.
1. TNW
Identify TNW:
Summarize rationale supporting determination:
_. Wetland adjacent to TNW
.'`.11ii111121r1Ze rationale sui) orCll1' tiOnCILISi011 rilat bti4tlaild iS'_t1dj11Ce11r`:
B. CHARACTERISTICS OF TRIBUTARY(THAT IS NOT A TNW)AND ITS ADJACENT WETLANDS(IF ANY):.
This section summarizes information regarding characteristics of the tributary and its adjacent wetlands,if any,and it helps
determine whether or not the standards for jurisdiction established under Rapanos have been met.
The agencies will assert jurisdiction over non-navigable tributaries of TNWs where the tributaries are"relatively permanent
waters"(RPWs),i.e.tributaries that typically flow year-round or have continuous flow at least seasonally(e.g.,typically 3
months).A wetland that directly abuts an RPW is also jurisdictional.If the aquatic resource is not a TNW,but has year-round
(perennial)flow,slip to Section III.D:2.If the aquatic resource is a wetland directly abutting a tributary with perennial flow,
skip to Section III.D.4.
A wetland that is adjacent to but that does not directly abut an RPW requires a significant nexus evaluation.Corps districts and
EPA regions will include in the record any available information that documents the existence of a significant nexus between a
relatively permanent tributary that is not perennial(and its adjacent wetlands if any)and a traditional navigable water,even
though a significant nexus finding is not required as a matter of law.
If the waterbody4 is not an RPW,or a wetland directly abutting an RPW,a JD will require,additional data to determine if the
waterbody has a significant nexus with a TNW.If the tributary has adjacent wetlands,the significant nexus evaluation must
consider the tributary in combination with all of its adjacent wetlands.This significant nexus evaluation that combines,for
analytical purposes,the tributary and all of its adjacent wetlands is used whether the review area identified in the JD request is
the tributary,or its adjacent wetlands,or both.If the JD covers a tributary with adjacent wetlands,complete Section IH.B.1 for
the tributary,Section III.B.2 for any onsite wetlands;and Section M.B.3-"for all wetlands adjacent to that tributary,both onsite "
and offsite.The determination whether a significant nexus exists is determined in Section III.0 below.
1. Characteristics of non-TNWs that flow directly or indirectly into TNW
(i) General Area Conditions:
Watershed size: 1,196,804
Drainage area 5
Average annual rainfall:38.1 inches
Average annual snowfall: 15.6 inches
(ii) Physical Characteristics:
(a) Relationship with TNW:
❑Tributary flows directly into TNW.
®Tributary flows through M tributaries before entering TNW.
Project waters are 'I river miles from TNW.
Project waters are = river miles from RPW.
Project waters are r iessj aerial(straight)miles from TNW.
Project waters are 1 r ``' 'aerial(straight)miles from RPW.
Project waters cross or serve as state boundaries.Explain:N/A.
Identify flow route to TNW5:Unimportant Intermittent Stream B flows into Stream A then into French Broad River.
Tributary stream order,if known: 1.
°Note that the Instructional Guidebook contains additional information regarding swales,.ditches,washes,and erosional features generally and in the and
West.
Flow route can be described by identifying,e:g.,tributary a,which flows through the review area,to flow into tributary b,which then flows into TNW.

(b) General Tributary Characteristics(check all that apply):
Tributary is: ®Natural
❑Artificial(man-made). Explain:
❑ Manipulated (man-altered). Explain:
Tributary properties with respect to top of bank(estimate):
Average width:4-5 feet
Average depth:3-4 feet
Average side slopes: .
Primary tributary substrate composition(check all that apply):
® Silts ❑ Sands ❑ Concrete
17 Cobbles !� Gravel ❑:N/luck
❑ 3ed-ock ❑ V e,=eaaion. Tvp ,%
❑ Other. Expiain:
Tributary condition/stability[e.g.,highly eroding,sloughing banks]. Explain:moderate erosion and an incised channel.
Presence of run/riffle/pool complexes. Explain:weak riffle/pool complexes.
Tributary geometry fe�eii�
Tributary gradient(approximate average slope):2-4%
(c) Flow:
Tributary provides forngateizt r . seafln
Estimate average number of flow events in review area/year: fl �t
Describe flow regime:
Other information on duration and volume:
Surface flow is:kW et.. Characteristics:
Subsurface flow:i�' "". Explain findings:Weak presence of groundwater flow.
❑Dye(or other)test performed:
Tributary has(check all that apply):
® Bed and banks
❑ OHWM6(check all indicators that apply):
❑ clear,natural line impressed on the bank ® the presence of litter and debris-
changes in the character of soil ❑ destruction of terrestrial vegetation
❑" shelving "---- ❑ the presence of wrack line
❑ vegetation matted down,bent,or absent ❑ sediment sorting
❑ leaf litter disturbed or washed away ❑ scour
❑ sediment deposition ❑ multiple observed or predicted flow events
❑ water staining ❑ abrupt change in plant community
❑ other(list):
❑Discontinuous OHWM.' Explain:
If factors other than the OHWM were used to determine lateral extent of CWA jurisdiction(check all that apply):
High Tide Line indicated by: Mean High Water Mark indicated by:
❑ oil or scum line along shore objects ❑ survey to available datum;
❑ fine shell or debris deposits(foreshore) ❑ physical markings;
❑ physical markings/characteristics ❑ vegetation lines/changes in vegetation types.
❑ tidal gauges
❑ other(list):
(iii) Chemical Characteristics:
Characterize tributary(e.g.,water color is clear,discolored,oily film;water quality;general watershed characteristics,etc.).
Explain:no water in channel.
Identify specific pollutants;if known:
6A natural or man-made discontinuity in the OHWM does not necessarily sever jurisdiction(e.g.,where the stream temporarily flows underground,or where
the OHWM has been removed by development or agricultural practices). Where there is a break in the OHWM that is unrelated to the waterbody's flow
regime(e.g.,flow over a rock outcrop or through a culvert),the agencies will look for indicators of flow above and below the break.
'Ibid.

(iv) Biological Characteristics. Channel supports(check all that apply):
® Riparian corridor. Characteristics(type,average width):
❑ Wetland fringe. Characteristics:
❑ Habitat for:
❑Federally Listed species. Explain findings:
❑ Fish/spawn areas.Explain findings:
❑ Other environmentally-sensitive species. Explain findings:
❑Aquatic/wildlife diversity. Explain findings:
2. Characteristics of wetlands adjacent to non-TNW that flow directly or indirectly into TNW
(i) Physical Characteristics:
(a) General Wetland Characteristics:
Properties:
ctianc Size:
'vvetland type. E;plain:
Wetland quality. Explain:
Project wetlands cross or serve as state boundaries.Explain:
(b) General Flow Relationship with Non-TNW:
Flow is:?Llps.Explain:
Surface flow is:
Characteristics:
Subsurface flow: ick C. Explain findings:
❑Dye(or other)test performed:
(c) Wetland Adjacency Determination with Non-TNW:
❑Directly abutting
❑Not directly abutting
❑ Discrete wetland hydrologic connection. Explain:
❑ Ecological connection. Explain:
❑ Separated by berm/barrier. Explain:
(d) Proximity(Relationship)to TNW
Project wetlands are#RiJ&-river miles from TNW.
Project waters are Px aerial(straight)miles from TNW.
Flow is from ica .
Estimate approximate location of wetland as within the�E floodplain.
(ii) Chemical Characteristics:
Characterize wetland system(e.g.,water color is clear,brown,oil fihn on surface;water quality;general watershed
characteristics;etc.). Explain:
Identify specific pollutants,if known:
(iii)Biological Characteristics. Wetland supports(check all that apply):
❑ Riparian buffer. Characteristics(type,average width):
❑ Vegetation type/percent cover. Explain:
❑ Habitat for:
❑Federally Listed species. Explain findings:
❑Fish/spawn areas.Explain findings:
❑ Other environmentally-sensitive species. Explain findings:
❑Aquatic/wildlife diversity. Explain findings:
3. Characteristics of all wetlands adjacent to the tributary(if any)
All wetland(s)being considered in the cumulative analysis
Approximately( )acres in total are being considered in the cumulative analysis.

I
For each wetland,specify the following:
Directly abuts?(Y/N) ` Size(in acres) Directly abuts?(Y/N) Size(in acres)
Summarize overall biological,chemical and physical functions being performed:
C. SIGNIFICANT NEXUS DETERMINATION
]31gnlficant aexu3 annivsis ,,vill assess die flow characteristics and functions of iile 3-8'illlltai'V ;,self and the i?]]l l"L1U31s pe!'?C3ri73effi
by any wetlands adjacent to the tributary to determine if they significantly affect the chemical,physical,and biological integrity
of a TNW. For each of the following situations,a significant nexus exists if the tributary,in combination with all of its adjacent
wetlands,has more than a speculative or insubstantial effect on the chemical,physical and/or biological integrity of a TNW.
Considerations when evaluating significant nexus include,but are not limited to the volume,duration,and frequency of the flow
of water in the tributary and its proximity to a TNW,and the functions performed by the tributary and all its adjacent
wetlands. It is not appropriate to determine significant nexus based solely on any specific threshold of distance(e.g.between a
tributary and its adjacent wetland or between a tributary and the TNW).Similarly,the fact an adjacent wetland lies within or
outside of a floodplain is not solely determinative of significant nexus.
Draw connections between the features documented and the effects on the TNW,as identified in the Rapanos Guidance and
discussed in the Instructional Guidebook.Factors to consider include,for example:
• Does the tributary,in combination with its adjacent wetlands(if any),have the capacity to carry pollutants or flood waters to
TNWs,or to reduce the amount of pollutants or flood waters reaching a TNW?
® Does the tributary,in combination with its adjacent wetlands(if any),provide habitat and lifecycle support functions for fish and
other species,such as feeding,nesting,spawning,or rearing young for species that are present in the TNW?
® Does the tributary,in combination with its adjacent wetlands(if any),have the capacity to transfer nutrients and organic carbon that
support downstream foodwebs?
m Does the tributary,in combination with its adjacent wetlands(if any),have other relationships to the physical,chemical,or
biological integrity of the TNW?
Note:the above list of considerations is not inclusive and other functions observed or known to occur-should be documented
below:
1. Significant nexus findings for non-RPW that has no adjacent wetlands and flows directly or indirectly into TNWs. Explain
findings of presence or absence of significant nexus below,based on the tributary itself,then go to Section III.D:
2. Significant nexus findings for non-RPW and its adjacent wetlands,where the non-RPW flows directly or indirectly into
TNWs. Explain findings of presence or absence of significant nexus below,based on the tributary in combination with all of its
adjacent wetlands,then go to Section III.D:
3. Significant nexus findings for wetlands adjacent to an RPW but that do not directly abut the RPW.Explain findings of
presence or absence of significant nexus below,based on the tributary in combination with all of its adjacent wetlands,then go to
Section1U.D:
D. DETERMINATIONS OF JURISDICTIONAL FINDINGS.THE SUBJECT WATERSIWETLANDS ARE(CHECK ALL
THAT APPLY):
1. TNWs and Adjacent Wetlands. Check all that apply and provide size estimates in review area:
TNWs: linear feet width(ft),Or, acres.
Wetlands adjacent to TNWs: acres.
2. RPWs that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs.
( j Tributaries of TNWs where tributaries typically flow year-round are jurisdictional.Provide data and rationale indicating that
tributary is perennial:
Tributaries of TNW where tributaries have continuous flow"seasonally"(e.g.,typically three months each year)are jurisdictional. Data
supporting this conclusion is provided at Section III.B. Provide rationale indicating that tributary flows seasonally:Stream B flows north and
is approximately 92 linear feet in length(Figure 1,enclosed). This channel exhibited average ordinary high water widths of 3-4 feet,weak
ground water flow,and substrate consisting of silt to large gravel. Unimportant Intermittent Stream B scored 27 out of a possible 100 points
on the USACE Stream Quality Assessment Form and 23.5 out of 71 possible points on the NCDWQ Stream Classification Form,indicating
intermittent status(SCP4,enclosed). A photograph of Unimportant Intermittent Stream B is enclosed as Photograph G.

Provide estimates for jurisdictional waters in the review area(check all that apply):
Tributary waters:92 linear feet3-4width(ft).
Other non-wetland waters: acres.
Identify type(s)of waters:
3. Non-RPWs8 that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs.
Waterbody that is not a TNW or an RPW,but flows directly or indirectly into a TNW,and it has a significant nexus with a
TNW is jurisdictional.Data supporting this conclusion is provided at Section III.C.
Prop,ide estimates.-rliurisdictioi-1%:waters h :e- re- c:1e ;;al! 1
�ti;in .. ;ie�.v i-�•;, tua;:ippk-):
T riinuary`-.a:uers: linear '--. vitith i ct).
Other non-wetland waters: acres.
Identify type(s)of waters:
4. Wetlands directly abutting an RPW that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs.
' Wetlands directly abut RPW and thus are jurisdictional as adjacent wetlands.
Wetlands directly abutting an RPW where tributaries typically flow year-round. Provide data and rationale
indicating that tributary is perennial in Section III.D.2,above.Provide rationale indicating that wetland is
directly abutting an RPW:
Wetlands directly abutting an RPW where tributaries typically flow"seasonally." Provide data indicating that tributary is
seasonal in Section III.B and rationale in Section III.D.2,above.Provide rationale indicating that wetland is directly
abutting an RPW:
Provide acreage estimates for jurisdictional wetlands in the review area: acres.
5. Wetlands adjacent to but not directly abutting an RPW that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs.
Wetlands that do not directly abut an RPW,but when considered in combination with the tributary to which they are adjacent
and with similarly situated adjacent wetlands,have a significant nexus with a TNW are jurisidictional.Data supporting this
conclusion is provided at Section III.C.
Provide acreage estimates for jurisdictional wetlands in the review area: acres.
6. Wetlands adjacent to non-RPWs that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs.
Wetlands adjacent to such waters,and have when considered in combination with the tributary to which they are adjacent and
with similarly situated adjacent wetlands,have a significant nexus with a TNW are jurisdictional.Data supporting this
conclusion is provided at Section III.C.
Provide estimates for jurisdictional wetlands in the review area: acres.
7. Impoundments of jurisdictional waters.9
As a general rule,the impoundment of a jurisdictional tributary remains jurisdictional.
Demonstrate that impoundment was created from"waters of the U.S.,"or
Demonstrate that water meets the criteria for one of the categories presented above(1-6),or
Demonstrate that water is isolated with a nexus to commerce(see E below).
E. ISOLATED [INTERSTATE OR INTRA-STATE]WATERS,INCLUDING ISOLATED WETLANDS,THE USE,
DEGRADATION OR DESTRUCTION OF WHICH COULD AFFECT INTERSTATE COMMERCE,INCLUDING ANY
SUCH WATERS(CHECK ALL THAT APPLY):to
which are or could be used by interstate or foreign travelers for recreational or other purposes.
4. from which fish or shellfish are or could be taken and sold in interstate or foreign commerce.
which are or could be used for industrial purposes by industries in interstate commerce.
$See Footnote#3.
9 To complete the analysis refer to the key in Section III.D.6 of the Instructional Guidebook.
10 Prior to asserting or declining CWA jurisdiction based solely on this category,Corps Districts will elevate the action to Corps and EPA HQ for
review consistent with the process described in the Corps/EPA Memorandum Regarding CWA Act Jurisdicdon Following Rapanos.

MInterstate isolated waters. Explain:
Other factors. Explain:
Identify water body and summarize rationale supporting determination:
Provide estimates for jurisdictional waters in the review area(check all that apply):
Tributary waters: linear feet width(ft).
Other non-wetland waters: acres.
Identify type(s)of waters:
Wetlands: acres.
_`ON-Ji,'RiSDI ,IGN%L :'i-3TLRS. 1i11CLL:DhN;C WETL_-ki1,M`i(CNECK ALL,HAT.-?PP Y":
If potential wetlands were assessed within the review area,these areas did not meet the criteria in the 1987 Corps of Engineers
Wetland Delineation Manual and/or appropriate Regional Supplements.
Review area included isolated waters with no substantial nexus to interstate(or foreign)commerce.
❑ Prior to the Jan 2001 Supreme Court decision in"SWANCC,"the review area would have been regulated based solely on the
"Migratory Bird Rule"(MBR).
Waters do not meet the"Significant Nexus"standard,where such a finding is required for jurisdiction. Explain:
k Other: (explain,if not covered above):
Provide acreage estimates for non jurisdictional waters in the review area,where the sole potential basis of jurisdiction is the MBR
factors(i.e.,presence of migratory birds,presence of endangered species,use of water for irrigated agriculture),using best professional
judgment(check all that apply):
Non-wetland waters(i.e.,rivers,streams): linear feet width(ft).
s' Lakes/ponds: acres.
Other non-wetland waters: acres.List type of aquatic resource:
( Wetlands: acres.
Provide acreage estimates for non jurisdictional waters in the review area that do not meet the"Significant Nexus"standard,where such
a finding is required for jurisdiction(check all that apply):
2; Non-wetland waters(i.e.,rivers,streams): linear feet, width(ft).
Lakes/ponds: acres.
[ Other non-wetland waters: acres. List type of aquatic resource:
0c:: Wetlands: acres.
SECTION IV: DATA SOURCES.
A. SUPPORTING DATA. Data reviewed for.ID(check all that apply-checked items shall be included in case file and,where checked
and requested,appropriately reference sources below):
Maps,plans,plots or plat submitted by or on behalf of the applicant/consultant:
Data sheets prepared/submitted by or on behalf of the applicant/consultant.
® Office concurs with data sheets/delineation report.
❑ Office does not concur with data sheets/delineation report.
Data sheets prepared by the Corps:
Corps navigable waters'study:
U.S.Geological Survey Hydrologic Atlas:
❑USGS NHD data.
❑USGS 8 and 12 digit HUC maps.
U.S.Geological Survey map(s). Cite scale&quad name:Skyland,North Carolina, 1991.
USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service Soil Survey.Citation:
National wetlands inventory map(s). Cite name:
State/Local wetland inventory map(s):
FEMA/FIRM maps:
100-year Floodplain Elevation is: (National Geodectic Vertical Datum of 1929)
Photographs:❑Aerial(Name&Date):
or® Other(Name&Date):See attached report.
Previous determination(s). File no.and date of response letter:
Applicable/supporting case law:
Applicable/supporting scientific literature:
Other information(please specify):

APPROVED JURISDICTIONAL DETERMINATION FORM
U.S.Army Corps of Engineers
This form should be completed by following the instructions provided in Section IV of the JD Form Instructional Guidebook.
SECTION I: BACKGROUND INFORMATION
A. REPORT COMPLETION DATE FOR APPROVED JURISDICTIONAL DETERMINATION(JD):July 16,2007
B. DISTRICT OFFICE,FILE NAME,AND NUMBER:Asheville Regional Office
C. PROJECT LOCATION AND BACKGROUND INFORMATION:The Asheville Regional Airport Expansion site is located
adjacent to Highway 26,on existing Airport Authority property in Fletcher,North Carolina,Perennial Stream C and Wetland CC
State:NC . County/parish/borough:Buncombe City: Fletcher
..--titer coordlnuces o C site(lat,lon_�to Cle_-1re:)decimal ormac): 1-ai.35.44012'w{�, Lti tl?. 82.5
Limversal Transverse IvlercatoC .
Name of nearest waterbody: French Broad River
Name of nearest Traditional Navigable Water(TNW)into which the aquatic resource flows:French Broad River
Name of watershed or Hydrologic Unit Code(HUC):06010105
Check if map/diagram of review area and/or potential jurisdictional areas is/are available upon request.
Check if other sites(e.g.,offsite mitigation sites,disposal sites,etc...)are associated with this action and are recorded on a
different JD form.
D. REVIEW PERFORMED FOR SITE EVALUATION(CHECK ALL THAT APPLY):
Office(Desk)Determination. Date:June 19,2007
Field Determination. Date(s):June 13,2007
SECTION H: SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
A. RHA SECTION 10 DETERMINATION OF JURISDICTION.
Therei a "navigable waters of the U.S."within Rivers and Harbors Act(RHA)jurisdiction(as defined by 33 CFR part 329)in the
review area.[Required]
Waters subject to the ebb and flow of the tide.
Waters are presently used,or have been used in the past,or may be susceptible for use to transport interstate or foreign commerce.
Explain:
B. CWA SECTION 404 DETERMINATION OF JURISDICTION.
There "waters of the U.S.."within.Clean Water Act(CWA)jurisdiction(as defined.by 33 CFR part 328)in the review area.[Required]
1. Waters of the U.S.
a. Indicate presence of waters of U.S.in review area(check all that apply):t
illfl TNWs,including territorial seas
Wetlands adjacent to TNWs
Relatively permanent watersz(RPWs)that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs
Non-RPWs that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs
Wetlands directly abutting RPWs that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs
Wetlands adjacent to but not directly abutting RPWs that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs
Wetlands adjacent to non-RPWs that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs
Impoundments of jurisdictional waters
Isolated(interstate or intrastate)waters,including isolated wetlands
b. Identify(estimate)size of waters of the U.S.in the review area:
Non-wetland waters: 17461inear feet: width(ft)and/or 0.256 acres.
Wetlands:0.209 acres.
c.Limits(boundaries)of jurisdiction based on:#9
ffT3„hueatil
Elevation of established OHWM(if known):
2. Non-regulated waters/wetlands(check if applicable):3
���' Potentially jurisdictional waters and/or wetlands were assessed within the review area and determined to be not jurisdictional.
Explain:
1 Boxes checked below shall be supported by completing the appropriate sections in Section III below.
2 For purposes of this form,an RPW is defined as a tributary that is not a TNW and that typically flows year-round or has continuous flow at least"seasonally"
(e.g.,typically 3 months).
3 Supporting documentation is presented in Section III.F.

SECTION III: CWA ANALYSIS
A. TNWs AND WETLANDS ADJACENT TO TNWs
The agencies will assert jurisdiction over TNWs and wetlands adjacent to TNWs. If the aquatic resource is a TNW,complete
Section III.A.1 and Section III.D.1.only;if the aquatic resource is a wetland adjacent to a TNW,complete Sections III.A.1 and 2
and Section IH.D.1.;otherwise,see Section III.B below.
1. TNW
Identify TNW:
Summarize rationale supporting determination:
?. Wetland adjacent to Ti I/V
Summarize rationaie supporcul_conclusion .Lai vc,lzu;il is -adjacent':
B. CHARACTERISTICS OF TRIBUTARY(THAT IS NOT A TNW)AND ITS ADJACENT WETLANDS(IF ANY):
This section summarizes information regarding characteristics of the tributary and its adjacent wetlands,if any,and it helps
determine whether or not the standards for jurisdiction established under Rapanos have been met.
The agencies will assert jurisdiction over non-navigable tributaries of TNWs where the tributaries are"relatively permanent
waters"(RPWs),i.e.tributaries that typically flow year-round or have continuous flow at least seasonally(e.g.,typically 3
months).A wetland that directly abuts an RPW is also jurisdictional.If the aquatic resource is not a TNW,but has year-round
(perennial)flow,skip to Section III.D.2.'If the aquatic resource is a wetland directly abutting a tributary with perennial flow,
skip to Section III.D.4.
A wetland that is adjacent to but that does not directly abut an RPW requires a significant nexus evaluation.Corps districts and
EPA regions will include in the record any available information that documents the existence of a significant nexus between a
relatively permanent tributary that is not perennial(and its adjacent wetlands if any)and a traditional navigable water,even
though a significant nexus finding is not required as a matter of law.
If the waterbody4 is not an RPW,or a wetland directly abutting an RPW,a JD will require additional data to determine if the
waterbody has a significant nexus with a TNW.If the tributary has adjacent wetlands,the significant nexus evaluation must
consider the tributary in combination with all of its adjacent wetlands.This significant nexus evaluation that combines;for _
analytical purposes,the tributary and all of its adjacent wetlands is used whether the review area identified in the JD request is
the tributary,or its adjacent wetlands,or both.If the JD covers a tributary with adjacent wetlands,complete Section III.B.1 for
the tributary,Section III.B.2 for any onsite wetlands,and Section M.-R3 for all wetlands adjacent to that tributary,-both
and offsite.The determination whether a significant nexus exists is determined in Section III.0 below.
1. Characteristics of non-TNWs that flow directly or indirectly into TNW
(i) General Area Conditions:
Watershed size: 1,196,8009°
Drainage area: 1.68" `"
Average annual rainfall:38.1 inches
Average annual snowfall: 15.6 inches
(ii) Physical Characteristics:
(a) Relationship with TNW:
❑Tributary flows directly into TNW:
®Tributary flows through-A tributaries before entering TNW.
Project waters are LL river miles from TNW.
Project waters are r ' river miles from RPW.
Project waters are .aerial(straight)miles from TNW.
Project waters are 1 v aerial(straight)miles from RPW.
Project waters cross or serve as state boundaries.Explain:N/A.
Identify flow route to TNV:Perennial Stream C meets Perennial Stream A and then flows into French Broad River.
Tributary stream order,if known: 1.
4 Note that the Instructional Guidebook contains additional information regarding swales,ditches,washes,and erosional features generally and in the and
West.
5 Flow route can be described by identifying,e.g.,tributary a,which flows through the review area,.to flow into tributary b,which then flows into TNW.

(b) General Tributary Characteristics(check all that apply):
Tributary is: ®Natural
❑Artificial(man-made). Explain:
❑Manipulated (man-altered). Explain:
Tributary properties with respect to top of bank(estimate):
Average width:4-5 feet
Average depth:3-4 feet
Average side slopes .
Primary tributary substrate composition(check all that apply):
® Silts ❑ Sands ❑ Concrete
❑ Cobbles ❑ Grave( ❑ kluck
j Bedrock ❑ V,-getation. —ype;'',,
❑ Other. Explain:
Tributary condition/stability[e.g.,highly eroding,sloughing banks]. Explain:moderate erosion and an incised channel.
Presence of run/riffle/pool complexes. Explain:moderate riffle/pool complexes.
Tributary geometry W ati
Tributary.gradient(approximate average slope):0-2%
(c) Flow:
Tributary provides for.91.4
Estimate average number of flow events in review area/year
Describe flow regime:
Other information on duration and volume:
Surface flow is:. ,,,scr Characteristics:
if
Subsurface flow: Explain findings:Groundwater present in channel,no rain within last 48 hours.
❑ Dye(or other)test performed:
Tributary has(check all that apply):
® Bed and banks
® OHWM6(check all indicators that apply):
❑ clear,natural line impressed on the bank ❑ the presence of litter and debris
❑ changes in the character of soil ❑ destruction of terrestrial vegetation
F11--shelving ❑ the presence of wrack line
® vegetation matted down,bent,or absent ❑ sediment sorting
® leaf litter disturbed or washed away ® scour
® sediment deposition ❑ multiple observed or predicted flow events
❑ water staining ❑ abrupt change in plant community
❑ other(list):
❑ Discontinuous OHWM.7 Explain:
If factors other than the OHWM were used to determine lateral extent of CWA jurisdiction(check all that apply):
'Eq High Tide Line indicated by: Ul Mean High Water Mark indicated by:
❑ oil or scum line along shore objects ❑ survey to available datum;
❑ fine shell or debris deposits(foreshore) ❑ physical markings;
❑ physical markings/characteristics ❑ vegetation lines/changes in vegetation types.
❑ tidal gauges
❑ other(list):
(iii) Chemical Characteristics:
Characterize tributary(e.g.,water color is clear,discolored,oily film;water quality;general watershed characteristics,etc.).
Explain: clear water.
Identify specific pollutants,if known:
6A natural or man-made discontinuity in the OHWM does not necessarily sever jurisdiction(e.g.,where the stream temporarily flows underground,or where
the OHWM has been removed by development or agricultural practices). Where there is a break in the OHWM that is unrelated to the waterbody's flow
regime(e.g.,flow over a rock outcrop or through a culvert),the agencies will look for indicators of flow above and below the break.
'Ibid.

(iv) Biological Characteristics. Channel supports(check all that apply):
❑ Riparian corridor. Characteristics(type,average width):
® Wetland fringe. Characteristics:
® Habitat for:
❑Federally Listed species. Explain findings:
❑Fish/spawn areas.Explain findings:
❑ Other environmentally-sensitive species. Explain findings:
® Aquatic/wildlife diversity. Explain findings:weak presence of crayfish and amphibians,and a weak presence of
benthic macroinvertebrates.
2. Characteristics of wetlands adjacent to non-TNW that flow directly or indirectly into TNW
(i) Physical Characteristics:
(a) General `Nedand Characteristics:
Proper Ties:
Wetland size:0.172acres
Wetland type. Explain:forested.
Wetland quality. Explain:
Project wetlands cross or serve as state boundaries.Explain:
(b) General Tlow Relationship with Non-TNW:
Flow is:f_ .Explain: Groundwater present in channel,no rain within last 48 hours.
Surface flow is. R— sh�e���lc►
Characteristics:
Subsurface flow:Y . Explain findings: Groundwater present in channel,no rain within last 48 hours,saturation within
the upper 12 inches of the soil profile.
❑ Dye(or other)test performed:
(c) Wetland Adiaceney Determination with Non-TNW
® Directly abutting
❑Not directly abutting
❑ Discrete wetland hydrologic connection. Explain:
❑ Ecological connection. Explain:
❑ Separated by berm/barrier. Explain:
(d) Proximity(Relationship)to TNW
Project wetlands are;1(a le river miles from TN-W.
Project waters are aerial(straight)miles from TNW.
Flow is from s ':etl0t
Estimate approximate location of wetland as within the l- floodplain.
(ii) Chemical Characteristics:
Characterize wetland system(e.g.,water color is clear,brown,oil film on surface;water quality;general watershed
characteristics;etc.). Explain: clear water.
Identify specific pollutants,if known:
(iii)Biological Characteristics. Wetland supports(check all that apply):
❑ Riparian buffer. Characteristics(type,average width):
® Vegetation type/percent cover. Explain:All of the dominant plant species are FAC or wetter.
® Habitat for:
❑Federally Listed species. Explain findings:
❑Fish/spawn areas.Explain findings:
❑ Other environmentally-sensitive species. Explain findings:
®Aquatic/wildlife diversity. Explain findings:weak presence of amphibians and macrobenthos.
3. Characteristics of all wetlands adjacent to the tributary(if any)
All wetland(s)being considered in the cumulative analysis:
Approximately(0.172)acres in total are being considered in the cumulative analysis.

For each wetland,specify the following:
Directly abuts?(Y/N) Size(in acres) Directly abuts?(Y/N) Size(in acres)
Wetland CC Y 0.172
Summarize overall biological,chemical and physical functions being performed:
C. SIGNIFICANT NEXUS DETERMINATION
.-�3-niiicanc ae:Y'!]s allai,sis-will assess die flow dharacz'erisdcs and fnnctions Of the tributary;itself and the functions performed
by any wetlands adjacent to the tributary to determine if they significantly affect the chemical,physical,and biological integrity
of a TNW. For each of the following situations,a significant nexus exists if the tributary,in combination with all of its adjacent
wetlands,has more than a speculative or insubstantial effect on the chemical,physical and/or biological integrity of a TNW.
Considerations when evaluating significant nexus include,but are not limited to the volume,duration,and frequency of the flow
of water in the tributary and its proximity to a TNW,and the functions performed by the tributary and all its adjacent
wetlands. It is not appropriate to determine significant nexus based solely on any specific threshold of distance(e.g.between a
tributary and its adjacent wetland or between a tributary and the TNW).Similarly,the fact an adjacent wetland lies within or
outside of a floodpWn is not solely determinative of significant nexus.
Draw connections between the features documented and the effects on the TNW,as identified in the Rapanos Guidance and
discussed in the Instructional Guidebook.Factors to consider include,for example:
• Does the tributary,in combination with its adjacent wetlands(if any),have the capacity to carry pollutants or flood waters to
TNWs,or to reduce the amount of pollutants or flood waters reaching a TNW?
• Does the tributary,in combination with its adjacent wetlands(if any),provide habitat and lifecycle support functions for fish and
other species,such as feeding,nesting,spawning,or rearing young for species that are present in the TNW?
• Does the tributary,in combination with-its adjacent wetlands(if any),have the capacity to transfer nutrients and organic carbon that
support downstream foodwebs?
• Does the tributary,in combination with its adjacent wetlands(if any),have other relationships to the physical,chemical,or
biological integrity of the TNW?
Note:the above list of considerations is not inclusive and other functions observed or known to occur should be documented
below:
`L Significant nexus findings for non-RPW that has no adjacent wetlands and flows directly or indirectly into TNWs. Explain
findings of presence or absence of significant nexus below,based on the tributary itself,then go to Section III.D:
2. Significant nexus findings for non-RPW and its adjacent wetlands,where the non-RPW flows directly or indirectly into
TNWs. Explain findings of presence or absence of significant nexus below,based on the tributary in combination with all of its
adjacent wetlands,then go to Section III.D:
3. Significant nexus findings for wetlands adjacent to an RPW but that do not directly abut the RPW.Explain findings of
presence or absence of significant nexus below,based on the tributary in combination with all of its adjacent wetlands,then go to
Section III.D:
D. DETERMINATIONS OF JURISDICTIONAL FINDINGS.THE SUBJECT WATERS/WETLANDS ARE(CHECK ALL
THAT APPLY):
1. TNWs and Adjacent Wetlands. Check all that apply and provide size estimates in review area:
TNWs: linear feet width(ft),Or, acres.
Wetlands adjacent to TNWs: acres.
2. RPWs that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs.
,81 Tributaries of TNWs where tributaries typically flow year-round are jurisdictional.Provide data and rationale indicating that tributary is
perennial: Stream C flows east for approximately 114 linear feet until its confluence with Perennial Stream A(Figure 1,enclosed). This
channel exhibited an average ordinary high water width of 1-2 feet,perennial flow,weak sinuosity,and substrate consisting of silt to large
gravel. Perennial Stream C scored 55 out of a possible 100 points on the USACE Stream Quality Assessment Form and 30 out of 71 possible
points on the NCDWQ Stream Classification Form,indicating intermittent status(SCP5,enclosed).A Photograph of Stream C is enclosed as
Photograph F.

Tributaries of TNW where tributaries have continuous flow"seasonally"(e.g.,typically three months each year)are
jurisdictional. Data supporting this conclusion is provided at Section III.B. Provide rationale indicating that tributary flows
seasonally:
Provide estimates for jurisdictional waters in the review area(check all that apply):
Tributary waters:114 linear feet4-5width(R).
MOther non-wetland waters: acres.
Identify type(s)of waters:
3. Non-RPWs8 that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs.
Waterbody that is not a TNW or an RPW,but flows directly or indirectly into a TNW,and it has a significant nexus with a
TN`,. ; j L Data support f iT r_ ! �/ s uri_dic.iona supporting this conclusion�s prc;�:de1 at Section L,....
Provide estimates ibr jurisdictional waters within the review area(check all that apply):
Tributary waters: linear feet width(ft).
Other non-wetland waters: acres.
Identify type(s)of waters:
4. Wetlands directly abutting an RPW that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs.
Wetlands directly abut RPW and thus are jurisdictional as adjacent wetlands.
Wetlands directly abutting an RPW where tributaries typically flow year-round. Provide data and rationale
indicating that tributary is perennial in Section III.D.2,above.Provide rationale indicating that wetland is
directly abutting an RPW:Wetland CC is located at the downstream portion of Perennial Stream A(Figure 1,
enclosed). This forested wetland area is approximately 0.172 acre is size. Dominant vegetation within this area
includes black gum(Nyssa sylvatica),black willow(Salix nigra),ironwood(Carpinus caroliniana),silky dogwood
(Cornus amomum),false nettle(Boehmeria cylindrical),common rush(Juncus effuses),jewelweed(Impatiens
capensis),and various sedges(Carex spp.). This area exhibited low chroma soils(10YR 4/1),inundation to 2
inches,drainage patterns,and saturation within the upper 12 inches of the soil profile. A Routine On-Site
Determination Form representative of Wetland CC is enclosed(DP4). Photographs of Wetland CC are enclosed
as Photographs C and D. A Routine On-Site Determination Form representative of on-site non-jurisdictional
upland areas is also enclosed(DP1).
Wetlands directlyabutting an RPW where tributaries typically flow."seasonally." Provide data indicating that tributary
g tYP Y Y" g is
seasonal in Section III.B and rationale in Section III.D.2,above.Provide rationale indicating that wetland is directly
abutting an RPW:
Provide acreage estimates for jurisdictional wetlands in the review area: 0.172acres.
5. Wetlands adjacent to but not directly abutting an RPW that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs.
Wetlands that do not directly abut an RPW,but when considered in combination with the tributary to which they are adjacent
and with similarly situated adjacent wetlands,have a significant nexus with a TNW are jurisidictional.Data supporting this
conclusion is provided at Section III.C.
Provide acreage estimates for jurisdictional wetlands in the review area: acres.
6. Wetlands adjacent to non-RPWs that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs.
Wetlands adjacent to such waters,and have when considered in combination with the tributary to which they are adjacent and
with similarly situated adjacent wetlands,have a significant nexus with a TNW are jurisdictional.Data supporting this
conclusion is provided at Section HI.C.
Provide estimates for jurisdictional wetlands in the review area: acres.
7. Impoundments of jurisdictional waters.9
As a general rule,the impoundment of a jurisdictional tributary remains jurisdictional.
LiDemonstrate that impoundment was created from"waters of the U.S.,"or
Demonstrate that water meets the criteria for one of the categories presented above(1-6),or
Demonstrate that water is isolated with a nexus to commerce(see E below).
SSee Footnote#3.
9 To complete the analysis refer to the key in Section III.D.6 of the Instructional Guidebook

E. ISOLATED [INTERSTATE OR INTRA-STATE]WATERS,INCLUDING ISOLATED WETLANDS,THE USE,
DEGRADATION OR DESTRUCTION OF WHICH COULD AFFECT INTERSTATE-COMMERCE,INCLUDING ANY
SUCH WATERS(CHECK ALL THAT APPLY):"
which are or could be used by interstate or foreign travelers for recreational or other purposes.
from which fish or shellfish are or could be taken and sold in interstate or foreign commerce.
which are or could be used for industrial purposes by industries in interstate commerce.
Interstate isolated waters. Explain:
Other factors. Explain:
Identify water body and summarize rationale supporting determination:
rO Vl1c+s�tima�e> br urt�ulcnonal rVCiC�r iil i(iC�.. ,.;1'J urCLt i,LilCCt: Il inal apply):
Tributar,✓waters: linear iect width(ft).
Other non-wetland waters: acres.
Identify type(s)of waters:
Wetlands: acres.
F. NON-JURISDICTIONAL WATERS,INCLUDING WETLANDS(CHECK ALL THAT APPLY):
If.potential wetlands were assessed within the review area,these areas did not meet the criteria in the 1987 Corps of Engineers
Wetland Delineation Manual and/or appropriate Regional Supplements.
Review area included isolated waters with no substantial nexus to interstate(or foreign)commerce.
❑ Prior to the Jan 2001 Supreme Court decision in"SWANCC,"the review area would have been regulated based solely on the
"Migratory Bird Rule"(MBR).
` Waters do not meet the"Significant Nexus"standard,where such a finding is required for jurisdiction. Explain:
Other: (explain,if not covered above):
Provide acreage estimates for non jurisdictional waters in the review area,where the sole potential basis of jurisdiction is the MBR
factors(i.e.,presence of migratory birds,presence of endangered species,use of water for irrigated agriculture),.:using best professional
judgment(check all that apply):
Non-wetland waters(i.e.,rivers,streams): linear feet width(ft).
Lakes/ponds: acres.
Other non-wetland waters: acres.List type of aquatic resource:
Wetlands: acres.
Provide acreage estimates for non jurisdictional waters in the review area that do not meet the"Significant Nexus"standard;where such
a finding is required for jurisdiction(check all that apply):
Non-wetland waters(i.e.,rivers,streams): linear feet, width(ft).
Lakes/ponds: acres.
Other non-wetland waters: acres. List type of aquatic resource:
Wetlands: acres.
SECTION IV: DATA SOURCES.
A. SUPPORTING DATA. Data reviewed for JD(check all that apply-checked items shall be included in case file and,where checked
and requested,appropriately reference sources below):
Maps,plans,plots or plat submitted by or on behalf of the applicant/consultant:
Data sheets prepared/submitted by or on behalf of the applicant/consultant.
® Office concurs with data sheets/delineation report.
❑ Office does not concur with data sheets/delineation report.
Data sheets prepared by the Corps:
Corps navigable waters'study:
U.S.Geological Survey Hydrologic Atlas:
❑ USGS NHD data.
❑USGS 8 and 12 digit HUC maps.
U.S.Geological Survey map(s).Cite scale&quad name:Skyland,North.Carolina,1991.
USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service Soil Survey.Citation:
National wetlands inventory map(s). Cite name:
io Prior to asserting or declining CWA jurisdiction based solely on this category,Corps Districts will elevate the action to Corps and EPA HQ for
review consistent with the process described in the Corps/EPA Memorandum Regarding CWA Aet Jurisdieuon Following Rapanos.

State/Local wetland inventory map(s):
FEMA/FIRM maps:
100-year Floodplain Elevation is: (National Geodectic Vertical Datum of 1929)
Photographs:❑Aerial(Name&Date):
or® Other(Name&Date):See attached report.
Previous determination(s). File no.and date of response letter:
Applicable/supporting case law:
(3 Applicable/supporting scientific literature:
. Other information(please specify):
B. ADDITIONAL COMMENTS TO SUPPORT JD:

APPROVED JURISDICTIONAL DETERMINATION FORM
U.S.Army Corps of Engineers
This form should be completed by following the instructions provided in Section IV of the JD Form Instructional Guidebook.
SECTION I: BACKGROUND INFORMATION
A. REPORT COMPLETION DATE FOR APPROVED JURISDICTIONAL DETERMINATION(JD):July 16,2007
B. DISTRICT OFFICE,FILE NAME,AND NUMBER:Asheville Regional Office -
C. PROJECT LOCATION AND BACKGROUND INFORMATION:The Asheville Regional Airport Expansion site is located
adjacent to Highway 26,on existing Airport Authority property in Fletcher,North Carolina,Perennial Stream E and Wetland FF
State:NC County/parish/borough:Buncombe City:Fletcher
Center coordinates of site Oat/long in degree decimal format): Lat.35.44612° ,Long.82.54223° .
Universal Transverse Mercator:
Name of nearest waterbody:French Broad River
Name of nearest Traditional Navigable Water(TNW)into which the aquatic resource flows:French Broad River
Name of watershed or Hydrologic Unit Code(HUC):06010105
Check if map/diagram of review area and/or potential jurisdictional areas is/are available upon request.
Q Check if other sites(e.g.,offsite mitigation sites,disposal sites,etc...)are associated with this action and are recorded on a
different JD form.
D. REVIEW PERFORMED FOR SITE EVALUATION(CHECK ALL THAT APPLY):
Office(Desk)Determination. Date:March 12,2008
Field Determination. Date(s):March 12,2008
SECTION II: SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
A. RHA SECTION 10 DETERMINATION.OF JURISDICTION.
There=Xft "navigable waters of the U.S."within Rivers and Harbors Act(RHA)jurisdiction(as defined by 33 CFR part 329)in the
review area. [Required]
Waters subject to the ebb and flow of the tide.
Waters are presently used,or have been used in the past,or maybe susceptible for use to transport interstate or foreign commerce.
Explain:
B. CWA SECTION 404 DETERMINATION OF JURISDICTION.
There a ' ,waters of the-U..S."within Clean Water Act(CWA)jurisdiction(as defined b3-33 CFR part 328)in the review area.fRequired]
1. Waters of the U.S.
a. Indicate presence of waters of U.S.in review area(check all that apply):t
TNWs;including territorial seas
Wetlands adjacent to TNWs
Relatively permanent waterS2(RPWs)that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs
Non-RPWs that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs
Wetlands directly abutting RPWs that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs
Wetlands adjacent to but not directly abutting RPWs that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs
Wetlands adjacent to non-RPWs that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs
Impoundments of jurisdictional waters
Isolated(interstate or intrastate)waters,including isolated wetlands
b. Identify(estimate)size of waters of the U.S.in the review area:
Non-wetland waters:2133linear feet: width(ft)and/or 0.279 acres.
Wetlands:0.519 acres.
c.Limits(boundaries)of jurisdiction based on 0.987Delrneht:on 1Ylanu
Elevation of established OHWM(if known):
2. Non-regulated waters/wetlands(check if applicable):3
Potentially jurisdictional waters and/or wetlands were assessed within the review area and determined to be not jurisdictional.
Explain:
`Boxes checked below shall be supported by completing the appropriate sections in Section III below.
z For purposes of this form,an RPW is defined as a tributary that is not a TNW and that typically flows year-round or has continuous flow at least"seasonally"
(e.g.,typically 3 months).
3 Supporting documentation is presented in Section HI.F.

SECTION III: CWA ANALYSIS
A. TNWs AND WETLANDS ADJACENT TO TNWs
The agencies will assert jurisdiction over TNWs and wetlands adjacent to TNWs. If the aquatic resource is a TNW,complete
Section III.A.1 and Section III.D.1.only;if the aquatic resource is a wetland adjacent to a TNW,complete Sections M.A.1 and 2
and Section III.D.1.; otherwise,see Section HLB below.
1. TNW
Identify TNW:
Summarize rationale supporting determination:
2. Wetland adjacent to TNW
Summarize rationale supporting conclusion that wetland is"adjacent":
B. CHARACTERISTICS OF TRIBUTARY(THAT IS NOT A TNW)AND ITS ADJACENT WETLANDS(IF ANY):
This section summarizes information regarding characteristics of the tributary and its adjacent wetlands,if any,and it helps
determine whether or not the standards for jurisdiction established under Rapanos have been met.
The agencies will assert jurisdiction over non-navigable tributaries of TNWs where the tributaries are"relatively permanent
waters"(RPWs),i.e.tributaries that typically flow year-round or have continuous flow at least seasonally(e.g.,typically 3
months).A wetland that directly abuts an RPW is also jurisdictional.If the aquatic resource is not a TNW,but has year-round
(perennial)flow,skip to Section III.D.2.If the aquatic resource is a wetland directly abutting a tributary with perennial flow,
skip to Section III.D.4.
A wetland that is adjacent to but that does not directly abut an RPW requires a significant nexus evaluation.Corps districts and
EPA regions will include in the record any available information that documents the existence of a significant nexus between a.
relatively permanent tributary that is not perennial(and its adjacent wetlands if any)and a traditional navigable water,even
though a significant nexus finding is not required as a matter of law.
If the waterbody4 is not an RPW,or a wetland directly abutting an RPW,a JD will require additional data to determine if the
waterbody has a significant nexus with a TNW.If the tributary has adjacent wetlands,the significant nexus evaluation must
consider the tributary in combination with all of its adjacent wetlands.This significant nexus evaluation that combines,for
analytical purposes,the tributary and all of its adjacent wetlands is used whether the review area identified in the JD request is
the tributary,or its adjacent wetlands,or both.If the JD covers a tributary with adjacent wetlands,complete Section III.B.1 for
- the tributary,Section III.B.2 for any onsite wetlands;and Section IH.B.3 for all wetlands adjacent to that tributary,both onsite
and offsite.The determination whether a significant nexus exists is determined in Section HI.0 below.
1. Characteristics of non-TNWs that flow directly or indirectly into TNW
(i) General Area Conditions:
Watershed size: V
Drainage area: LOW
Average annual rainfall: inches
Average annual snowfall: inches
(ii) Physical Characteristics:
(a) Relationship with TNW:
❑Tributary flows directly into TNW.
❑Tributary flows through Lf71r ,M ast tributaries before entering TNW.
Project waters arecks river miles from TNW.
Project waters are river miles from RPW.
Project waters are �cRI aerial(straight)miles from TNW.
Project waters are f aerial(straight)miles from RPW.
Project waters cross or serve as state boundaries.Explain:N/A.
Identify flow route to TNW5:
Tributary stream order,if known:
4 Note that the Instructional Guidebook contains additional information regarding swales,ditches,washes,and erosional features generally and in the and
West.
5 Flow route can be described by identifying,e.g.,tributary a,which flows through the review area,to flow into tributary b,which then flows into TNW.

(b) General Tributary Characteristics(check all that apply):
Tributary is: ❑Natural
❑Artificial(man-made). Explain:
❑ Manipulated (man-altered). Explain:
Tributary properties with respect to top of bank(estimate):
Average width: feet
Average depth: feet
Average side slopes: c ,
Primary tributary substrate composition(check-all that apply)
❑ Silts ❑ Sands ❑ Concrete
❑ Cobbles ❑ Gravel ❑ Muck
❑Bedrock ❑Vegetation. Type/%cover:
❑ Other.Explain:
Tributary condition/stability[e.g.,highly eroding,sloughing banks]. Explain:in.
Presence of run/riffle/pool complexes. Explain:
Tributary geometry . 4'A
Tributary gradient(approximate average slope): %
(c) Flow: '
Tributary provides for: Li
Estimate average number of flow events in review area/year:Ptc
Describe flow regime:
Other information on duration and volume:
Surface flow is Characteristics:
Subsurface flow:Ifl.Tls€. Explain findings:
❑ Dye(or other)test performed:
Tributary has(check all that apply):
❑Bed and banks
❑ OHWM6(check all indicators that apply):
❑ clear,natural line impressed on the bank ❑ the presence of litter and debris
❑ changes in the character of soil ❑ destruction of terrestrial vegetation
- ❑ shelving - ❑ the presence of wrack line — -
❑ vegetation matted down,bent,or absent ❑ sediment sorting
❑ leaf litter disturbed or washed away ❑ scour
❑ sediment deposition ❑ multiple observed or predicted flow events
❑ water staining ❑ abrupt change in plant community
❑ other(list):
❑ Discontinuous OHWM Explain:
If factors other than the OHWM were used to determine lateral extent of CWA jurisdiction(check all that apply):
High Tide Line indicated by: Mean High Water Mark indicated by:
❑ oil or scum line along shore objects ❑ survey to available datum;
❑ fine shell or debris deposits(foreshore) ❑physical markings;
❑ physical markings/characteristics ❑ vegetation lines/changes in vegetation types.
❑ tidal gauges
❑ other(list):
(iii) Chemical Characteristics:
Characterize tributary(e.g.,water color is clear,discolored,oily film;water quality;general watershed characteristics,etc.).
Explain:
Identify specific pollutants,if known:
6A natural or man-made discontinuity in the OHWM does not necessarily sever jurisdiction(e.g.,where the stream temporarily flows underground,or where
the OHWM has been removed by development or agricultural practices). Where there is a break in the OHWM that is unrelated to the waterbody's flow
regime(e.g.,flow over a rock outcrop or through a culvert),the agencies will look for indicators of flow above and below the break.
7lbid.

(iv) Biological Characteristics. Channel supports(check all that apply):
❑ Riparian corridor. Characteristics(type,average width):
❑ Wetland fringe. Characteristics:
❑ Habitat for:
❑Federally Listed species. Explain findings:
❑Fish/spawn areas.Explain findings:
❑ Other environmentally-sensitive species. Explain findings:
❑Aquatic/wildlife diversity. Explain findings:
2. Characteristics of wetlands adjacent to non-TNW that flow directly or indirectly into TNW
(1) Physical Characteristics:
(a) General Wetland Characteristics:
Properties:
Wetland size: acres
Wetland type. Explain:
Wetland quality. Explain:
Project wetlands cross or serve as state boundaries.Explain:
(b) General Flow Relationship with Non-TNW:
Flow,is:�'— `.Explain:
Surface flow is:
Characteristics:
Subsurface flow: l'tek Explain findings:
❑ Dye(or other)test performed:
(c) Wetland Adjacency Determination with Non-TNW:
❑Directly abutting
❑Not directly abutting
❑ Discrete wetland hydrologic connection. Explain:
❑ Ecological connection. Explain:
❑ Separated by berm/barrier. Explain:
(d) Proximity(Relationship)to TNW _
Project wetlands are€ h river miles from TNW.
Project waters are "� � aerial(straight)miles from TNW.
Flow is from ,
Estimate approximate location of wetland as within the�i, °,r floodplain.
(U) Chemical Characteristics:
Characterize wetland system(e.g.,water color is clear,brown,oil film on surface;water quality;general watershed
characteristics;etc.). Explain:
Identify specific pollutants,if known:
(M)Biological Characteristics. Wetland supports(check all that apply):
❑ Riparian buffer. Characteristics(type,average width):
❑ Vegetation type/percent cover. Explain:
❑ Habitat for:
❑ Federally Listed species. Explain findings:
❑Fish/spawn areas.Explain findings:
❑ Other environmentally-sensitive species. Explain findings:
❑Aquatic/wildlife diversity. Explain findings:
3. Characteristics of all wetlands adjacent to the tributary(if any)
All wetland(s)being considered in the cumulative analysis a s -
Approximately( )acres in total are being considered in the cumulative analysis.

For each wetland;specify the following:
Directly abuts?(Y/N) Size(in acres) Directly abuts?(Y/N) Size(in acres)
Summarize overall biological,chemical and physical functions being performed:
C. SIGNIFICANT NEXUS DETERMINATION
A significant nexus analysis will assess the flow characteristics and functions of the tributary itself and the functions performed
by any wetlands adjacent to the tributary to determine if they significantly affect the chemical,-physical,and biological integrity
of a TNW. For each of the following situations,a significant.nexus exists if the tributary,in combination with all of its adjacent
wetlands,has more than a speculative or insubstantial effect on the chemical,physical and/or biological integrity of a TNW.
Considerations when evaluating significant nexus include,but are not limited to the volume,duration,and frequency of the flow
of water in the tributary and its proximity to a TNW,and the functions performed by the tributary and all its adjacent
wetlands. It is not appropriate to determine significant nexus based solely on any specific threshold of distance(e.g.between a
tributary and its adjacent wetland or between a tributary and the TNW).Similarly,the fact an adjacent wetland lies within or
outside of a floodplain is not solely determinative of significant nexus.
Draw connections between the features documented and the effects on the TNW,as identified in the Rapanos Guidance and
discussed in the Instructional Guidebook.Factors to consider include,for example:-
• Does the tributary,in combination with its adjacent wetlands(if any),have the capacity to carry pollutants or flood waters to
TNWs,or to reduce the amount of pollutants or flood waters reaching a TNW?
® Does the tributary,in combination with its adjacent wetlands-(if any),provide habitat and lifecycle support functions for fish and
other species,such as feeding,nesting,spawning,or rearing young for species that are present in the TNW?
• Does the tributary,in combination with its adjacent wetlands(if any),have the capacity to transfer nutrients and organic carbon that
support downstream foodwebs?
• Does the tributary,in combination with its adjacent wetlands(if any),have other relationships to the physical,chemical,or
biological integrity of the TNW?
Note:the above list of considerations is not inclusive and other functions observed.or known to occur should be documented
below:
1. -Significant nexus findings for non=RPW that has no adjacent wetlands and flows directly or indirectly into TNWs. Explain
findings of presence or absence of significant nexus below,based on the tributary itself,then go to Section III.D:
2. Significant nexus findings for non-RPW and its adjacent wetlands,where the non-RPW flows directly or indirectly into
TNWs. Explain findings of presence or absence of significant nexus below,based on the tributary in combination with all of its
adjacent wetlands,then go to Section IH.D:
3. Significant nexus findings for wetlands adjacent to an RPW but that do not directly abut the RPW.Explain findings of
presence or absence of significant nexus below,based on the tributary in combination with all of its adjacent wetlands,then go to
SectionlE.D:
D. DETERMINATIONS OF JURISDICTIONAL FINDINGS.THE SUBJECT WATERS/WETLANDS ARE(CHECK ALL
THAT APPLY):
1. TNWs and Adjacent Wetlands. Check all that apply and provide size estimates in review area:
TNWs: linear feet width(ft),Or, acres.
.Wetlands adjacent to TNWs: acres.
2. RPWs that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs.
mm Tributaries of TNWs where tributaries typically flow year-round are jurisdictional.Provide data and rationale indicating that tributary is
perennial: Stream E flows east for approximately 62 linear feet until its confluence with Perennial Stream A(Figure 1,enclosed). This
channel exhibited an average ordinary high water width of 2-3 feet,perennial flow,weak sinuosity,and substrate consisting of silt to large
gravel. Perennial Stream E scored 56 out of a possible 100 points on the USACE Stream Quality Assessment Form and 30 out of 71 possible
points on the NCDWQ Stream Classification Form,indicating intermittent status(SCP7,enclosed).A Photograph of Stream E is enclosed as
Photograph H.

Tributaries of TNW where tributaries have continuous flow"seasonally"(e.g.,typically three months each year)are
jurisdictional. Data supporting this conclusion is provided at Section III.B. Provide rationale indicating that tributary flows
seasonally:
Provide estimates for jurisdictional waters in the review area(check all that apply):
Tributary waters: 62 linear feet2-3width(ft).
Other non-wetland waters: acres.
Identify type(s)of waters:
3. Non-RPWss that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs.
Waterbody that is not a TNW or an RPW,but flows directly or indirectly into a TNW,and it has a significant nexus with a
TNW is jurisdictional.Data supporting this conclusion is provided at Section III.C.
Provide estimates for jurisdictional waters within the review area(check all that apply):
Tributary waters: linear feet width(ft).
Other non-wetland waters: acres.
Identify type(s)of waters:
4. Wetlands directly abutting an RPW that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs.
Wetlands directly abut RPW and thus are jurisdictional as adjacent wetlands.
Wetlands directly abutting an RPW where tributaries typically flow year-round. Provide data and rationale
indicating that tributary is perennial in Section III.D.2,above.Provide rationale indicating that wetland is
directly abutting an RPW:Wetland IF is located at the upstream portion of Perennial Stream E(Figure 1,
enclosed). This herbacious wetland area is approximately 0.148 acre is size. Dominant vegetation within this area
includes common rush(Juncus effuses),chinese privet(Ligustrum sinense),and various sedges(Carex spp.). This
area exhibited low chroma soils(2.5Y 4/2)with mottles(7.5YR 516),inundation to 2 inches,drainage patterns,and
saturation within the upper 12 inches of the soil profile. A Routine On-Site Determination Form representative of
Wetland FIT is enclosed(DP5). Photographs of Wetland FIT are enclosed as Photographs I and J. A Routine On-
Site Determination Form representative of on-site non-jurisdictional upland areas is also enclosed(DPI).
Wetlands directly abutting an RPW where tributaries typically flow"seasonally." Provide data indicating that tributary is
seasonal in Section III.B and rationale in Section III.D.2,above.Provide rationale indicating that wetland is directly
abutting an RPW:
Provide acreage estimates for jurisdictional wetlands in the review area: 0.148acres.
5. Wetlands adjacent to but not directly abutting an RPW that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs.
Wetlands that do not directly abut an RPW,but when considered in combination with the tributary to which they are adjacent
and with similarly situated adjacent wetlands,have a significant nexus with a TNW are jurisidictional.Data supporting this
conclusion is provided at Section III.C.
Provide acreage estimates for jurisdictional wetlands in the review area: acres.
6. Wetlands adjacent to non-RPWs that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs.
Wetlands adjacent to such waters,and have when considered in combination with the tributary to which they are adjacent and
with similarly situated adjacent wetlands,have a significant nexus with a TNW are jurisdictional.Data supporting this
conclusion is provided at Section III.C.
Provide estimates for jurisdictional wetlands in the review area: acres.
7. Impoundments of jurisdictional waters.9
As a general rule,the impoundment of a jurisdictional tributary remains jurisdictional.
Demonstrate that impoundment was created from"waters of the U.S.,"or
8Demonstrate that water meets the criteria for one of the categories presented above(1-6),or
11 Demonstrate that water is isolated with a nexus to commerce(see E below).
$See Footnote#3.
9 To complete the analysis refer to the key in Section III.D.6 of the Instructional Guidebook

E. ISOLATED [INTERSTATE OR INTRA-STATE]WATERS,INCLUDING ISOLATED WETLANDS,THE USE,
DEGRADATION OR DESTRUCTION OF WHICH COULD AFFECT INTERSTATE COMMERCE,INCLUDING ANY
SUCH WATERS(CHECK ALL THAT APPLY):lo
j which are or could be used by interstate or foreign travelers for recreational or other purposes.
from which fish or shellfish are or could be taken and sold in interstate or foreign commerce.
which are or could be used for industrial purposes by industries in interstate commerce.
m' Interstate isolated waters. Explain:
Other factors. Explain:
Identify water body and summarize rationale supporting determination:
Provide estimates for jurisdictional waters in the review area(check all that apply):
( Tributary waters: linear feet width(ft).
Other non-wetland waters: acres.
Identify type(s)of waters:
Wetlands: acres.
F. NON-JURISDICTIONAL WATERS,INCLUDING WETLANDS(CHECK ALL THAT APPLY):
If potential wetlands were assessed within the review area,these areas did not meet the criteria in the 1987 Corps of Engineers
Wetland Delineation Manual and/or appropriate Regional Supplements.
Review area included isolated waters with no substantial nexus to interstate(or foreign)commerce.
❑ Prior to the Jan 2001 Supreme Court decision in"SWANCC,"the review area would have been regulated based solely on the
"Migratory Bird Rule"(MBR).
Waters do not meet the"Significant Nexus"standard,where such a finding is required for jurisdiction. Explain:
'' Other:(explain,if not covered above):
Provide acreage estimates for non jurisdictional waters in the review area,where the sole potential basis of jurisdiction is the MBR
factors(i.e.,presence of migratory birds,presence of endangered species,use of water for irrigated agriculture),using best professional
judgment(check all that apply):
Non-wetland waters(i.e.,rivers,streams): linear feet width(ft).
kff Lakes/ponds: acres.
Other non-wetland waters: acres.List type of aquatic resource:
Wetlands: acres.
Provide acreage estimates for non jurisdictional waters in the review area that do not meet the"Significant Nexus"standard,where such
a finding is required for jurisdiction(check all that apply):
Non-wetland waters(i.e.,rivers,streams): linear feet, width(ft).
Lakes/ponds: acres.
"` Other non-wetland waters: acres. List type of aquatic resource:
Wetlands: acres.
SECTION IV: DATA SOURCES.
A. SUPPORTING DATA. Data reviewed for JD(check all that apply-checked items shall be included in case file and,where checked
and requested,appropriately reference sources below):
Maps,plans,plots or plat submitted by or on behalf of the applicant/consultant:
Data sheets prepared/submitted by or on behalf of the applicant/consultant.
® Office concurs with data sheets/delineation report.
❑ Office does not concur with data sheets/delineation report.
X Data sheets prepared by the Corps:
Corps navigable waters' study:
U.S.Geological Survey Hydrologic Atlas:
❑ USGS NHD data.
❑USGS 8 and 12 digit HUC maps.
U.S.Geological Survey map(s).Cite scale&quad name:Skyland,North Carolina, 1991.
USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service Soil Survey.Citation:
National wetlands inventory map(s). Cite name:
State/Local wetland inventory map(s):
io Prior to asserting or declining CWA jurisdiction based solely on this category,Corps Districts will elevate the action to Corps and EPA HQ for
review consistent with the process described in the Corps/EPA Memorandum Regarding CWA Act Jurisdiction Following Rapanos

FEMA/FIRM maps:
100-year Floodplain Elevation is: (National Geodectic Vertical Datum of 1929)
.:' Photographs: Aerial(Name&Date):
or® Other(Name&Date):See attached report.
10. Previous determination(s). File no.and date of response letter:
Applicable/supporting case law:
Applicable/supporting scientific literature:
Other information(please specify):
B. ADDITIONAL COMMENTS TO SUPPORT JD:

APPROVED JURISDICTIONAL DETERMINATION FORM
U.S.Army Corps of Engineers
This form should be completed by following the instructions provided in Section IV of the JD Form Instructional Guidebook.
SECTION I: BACKGROUND INFORMATION
A. REPORT COMPLETION DATE FOR APPROVED JURISDICTIONAL DETERMINATION(JD):July 16,2007
B. DISTRICT OFFICE,FILE NAME,AND NUMBER:Asheville Regional Office
C. PROJECT LOCATION AND BACKGROUND INFORMATION:The Asheville Regional Airport Expansion site is located
adjacent to Highway 26,on existing Airport Authority property in Fletcher,North Carolina,Intermittent Stream D and Wetland DD
StateNC County/parish borough:Buncombe City:Fletcher
Center coordinates of site(lat/long in degree decimal format): Lat.35.44612° ,Long. 82.54223' .
Universal Transverse Mercator:
Name of nearest waterbody:French Broad River
Name of nearest Traditional Navigable Water(TNW)into which the aquatic resource flows:French Broad River
Name of watershed or Hydrologic Unit Code(HUC):06010105
Check if map/diagram of review area and/or potential jurisdictional areas is/are available upon request.
Check if other sites(e.g.,offsite mitigation sites,disposal sites,etc...)are associated with this action and are recorded on a
different JD form.
D. REVIEW PERFORMED FOR SITE EVALUATION(CHECK ALL THAT APPLY):
Office(Desk)Determination. Date:March 15,2008
Field Determination. Date(s):March 12,2008
SECTION H: SUMMARY OF FINDINGS
A. RHA SECTION 10 DETERMINATION OF JURISDICTION.
There'A7.W: "navigable waters of the U.S."within Rivers and Harbors Act(RHA)jurisdiction(as defined by 33 CFR part 329)in the
review area.[Required]
Waters subject to the ebb and flow of the tide.
Waters are presently used,or have been used in the past,or may be susceptible for use to transport interstate or foreign commerce.
Explain:
B. CWA SECTION 404 DETERMINATION OF JURISDICTION.
There 3 "waters of the_U.S_"within Clean Water Act(CWA)jurisdiction(as defined by 33 CFR part 328)in the review area.[Required]
1. Waters of the U.S.
a. Indicate presence of waters of U.S.in review area(check all that apply):i
a? TNWs,including territorial seas
Wetlands adjacent to TNWs
( � Relatively permanent waterS2(RPWs)that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs
b; Non-RPWs that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs
Wetlands directly abutting RPWs that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs
?� Wetlands adjacent to but not directly abutting RPWs that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs
Q Wetlands adjacent to non-RPWs that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs
Q Impoundments of jurisdictional waters
33 Isolated(interstate or intrastate)waters,including isolated wetlands
b. Identify(estimate)size of waters of the U.S.in the review area:
Non-wetland waters:2133linear feet: width(ft)and/or 0.279 acres.
Wetlands:0.519 acres.
c.Limits(boundaries)of jurisdiction based on:. SDhiieaton; anual
Elevation of established OHWM(if known):
2. Non-regulated waters/wetlands(check if applicable):3
Potentially jurisdictional waters and/oi wetlands were assessed within the review area and determined to be not-jurisdictional.
Explain:
Boxes checked below shall be supported by completing the appropriate sections in Section III below.
Z For purposes of this form,an RPW is defined as a tributary that is not a TNW and that typically flows year-round or has continuous flow at least"seasonally"
(e.g.,typically 3 months).
3 Supporting documentation is presented in Section III.F.

SECTION III: CWA ANALYSIS
A. TNWs AND WETLANDS ADJACENT TO TNWs
The agencies will assert jurisdiction over TNWs and wetlands adjacent to TNWs. If the aquatic resource is a TNW,complete
Section III.A.1 and Section M.D.I.only;if the aquatic resource is a wetland adjacent to a TNW,complete Sections III.A.1 and 2
and Section III.D.1.; otherwise,see Section II1.13 below.
1. TNW
Identify TNW:
Summarize rationale supporting determination:
2. Wetland adjacent to TNW
Summarize rationale supporting conclusion that wetland is"adjacent":
B. CHARACTERISTICS OF TRIBUTARY(THAT IS NOT A TNW)AND ITS ADJACENT WETLANDS(IF ANY):
This section summarizes information regarding characteristics of the tributary and its adjacent wetlands,if any,and it helps
determine whether or not the standards for jurisdiction established under Rapanos have been met.
The agencies will assert jurisdiction over non-navigable tributaries of TNWs where the tributaries are"relatively permanent
waters"(RPWs),i.e.tributaries that typically flow year-round or have continuous flow at least seasonally(e.g.,typically 3
months).A wetland that directly abuts an RPW is also jurisdictional.If the aquatic resource is not a TNW,but has year-round
(perennial)flow,skip to Section IH.D.2.If the aquatic resource is a wetland directly abutting a tributary with perennial flow,
skip to Section III.D.4.
A wetland that is adjacent to but that does not directly abut an RPW requires a significant nexus evaluation.Corps districts and
EPA regions will include in the record any available information that documents the existence of a significant nexus between a
relatively permanent tributary that is not perennial(and its adjacent wetlands if any)and a traditional navigable water,even
though a significant nexus finding is not required as a matter of law.
If the waterbody°is not an RPW,or a wetland directly abutting an RPW,a JD will require additional data to determine if the
waterbody has a significant nexus with a TNW.If the tributary has adjacent wetlands,the significant nexus evaluation must
consider the tributary in combination with all of its adjacent wetlands.This significant nexus evaluation that combines,for
analytical purposes,the tributary and all of its adjacent wetlands is used whether the review area identified in the JD request is
the tributary,or its adjacent wetlands,or both.If the JD covers a tributary with adjacent wetlands,complete Section HI.B.1 for
-the-tributary,Section III.B.2 for any onsite wetlands,and Section 11I.13.3 for all wetlands adjacent to that tributary,both onsite
and offsite.The determination whether a significant nexus exists is determined in Section III.0 below.
1. Characteristics of non-TNWs that flow directly or indirectly into TNW
(i) General Area Conditions:
Watershed size: 1,196,800.aL
Drainage area: 1 Rim
Average annual rainfall:38.1 inches
Average annual snowfall: 15.6 inches
(ii) Physical Characteristics:
(a) Relationship with TNW:
❑Tributary flows directly into TNW.
®Tributary flows through tributaries before entering TNW.
Project waters are i1(o river miles from TNW.
Project waters are tfor less river miles from RPW.
Project waters are ��r less)aerial(straight)miles from TNW.
Project waters are aerial(straight)miles from RPW.
Project waters cross or serve as state boundaries.Explain:N/A.
Identify flow route to TNW5:Intermittent Stream D meets Perennial Stream A and then flows into French Broad River.
Tributary stream order,if known: 1.
4 Note that the histructional Guidebook contains additional information regarding swales,ditches,washes,and erosional features generally and in the and
West.
5 Flow route can be described by identifying,e.g.,tributary a,which flows through the review area,to flow into tributary b,which then flows into TNW.

(b) General Tributary Characteristics(check all that apply):
Tributary is: ®Natural
❑Artificial(man-made). Explain:
❑ Manipulated (man-altered). Explain:
Tributary properties with respect to top of bank(estimate):
Average width: 1-2 feet
Average depth:2-3 feet
Average side slopes: .
Primary tributary substrate composition(check all that apply):
® Silts ❑ Sands ❑ Concrete
❑ Cobbles ® Gravel ❑Muck
❑ Bedrock ❑ Vegetation. Type/%cover:
❑ Other.Explain:
Tributary condition/stability[e.g.,highly eroding,sloughing banks]. Explain:moderate erosion and an incised channel.
Presence of run/riffle/pool com lexes. Explain:moderate riffle/pool complexes.
Tributary geometry t22�sefve 5t
Tributary gradient(approximate average slope):0-2%
(c) Flow:
Tributary provides for ;gRu
Estimate average number of flow events in review area/year
Describe flow regime:
Other information on duration and volume:
Surface flow is: +�i- te. Characteristics:
Subsurface flow:Iffil . Explain findings: Groundwater present in channel,no rain within last 48 hours.
❑ Dye(or other)test performed:
Tributary has(check all that apply):
®Bed and banks
® OH' M6(check all indicators that apply):
❑ clear;natural line impressed on the bank ❑ the presence of litter and debris
❑ changes in the character of soil ❑ destruction of terrestrial vegetation
shelving ❑- the presence of wrack line - -
® vegetation matted down,bent,or absent ❑ sediment sorting
Z leaf litter disturbed or washed away ®_ scour
® sediment deposition ❑ multiple observed or predicted flow events
❑ water staining ❑ abrupt change in plant community.
❑ other(list):
❑ Discontinuous OHWM.7 Explain:
If factors other than the OHWM were used to determine lateral extent of CWA jurisdiction(check all that apply):
High Tide Line indicated by: Mean High Water Mark indicated by:
❑ oil or scum line along shore objects ❑ survey to available datum;
❑ fine shell or debris deposits(foreshore) ❑physical markings;
❑ physical markings/characteristics ❑vegetation lines/changes in vegetation types.
❑ tidal gauges
❑ other(list):
(iii) Chemical Characteristics:
Characterize tributary(e.g.,water color is clear,discolored,oily film;water quality;general watershed characteristics,etc.).
Explain: clear water.
Identify specific pollutants,if known:
6A natural or man-made discontinuity in the OHWM does not necessarily sever jurisdiction(e.g.,where the stream temporarily flows underground,or where
the OHWM has been removed by development or agricultural practices). Where there is a break in the OHWM that is unrelated to the waterbody's flow
regime(e.g.,flow over a rock outcrop or through a culvert),the agencies will look for indicators of flow above and below the break.
'Ibid.

(iv) Biological Characteristics. Channel supports(check all that apply):
❑ Riparian corridor. Characteristics(type,average width):
® Wetland fringe. Characteristics:
❑ Habitat for:
❑ Federally Listed species. Explain findings:
❑Fish/spawn areas.Explain findings: -
❑ Other environmentally-sensitive species. Explain findings:
❑Aquatic/wildlife diversity. Explain findings:
2. Characteristics of wetlands adjacent to non-TNW that flow directly or indirectly into TNW
(i) Physical Characteristics:
(a) General Wetland Characteristics:
Properties:
Wetland size:0.015acres
Wetland type. Explain:Herbacious,site has been cleared of woody vegetation.
Wetland quality. Explain:poor,site as been cleared.
Project wetlands cross or serve as state boundaries.Explain:
(b) General Flow Relationship with Non-TNW:
Flow is:1'erehnial flc%w.Explain: Groundwater present in channel,no rain within last 48 hours.
Surface flow is:0WV. a gd°sheetlliar�
Characteristics:
Subsurface flow:(e. Explain findings:Groundwater present in channel,no rain within last 48 hours,saturation within
the upper 12 inches of the soil profile.
❑ Dye(or other)test performed:
(c) Wetland Adjacency Determination with Non-TNW:
® Directly abutting
❑Not directly abutting
❑ Discrete wetland hydrologic connection. Explain:
❑ Ecological connection. Explain:
❑ Separated by berm/barrier. Explain:
(d) Proximity(Relationship)to TNW
Project wetlands are*,a' les river miles from TNW.
Project waters are ,Av ss)a� erial(straight)-iniles from INW:
Flow is from: ar .
Estimate approximate location of wetland as within the flQ 511 floodplain.
(ii) Chemical Characteristics:
Characterize wetland system(e.g.,water color is clear,brown,oil film on surface;water quality;general watershed
- characteristics;etc.). Explain:clear water.
Identify specific pollutants,if known:
(iii)Biological Characteristics. Wetland supports(check all that apply):
❑ Riparian buffer. Characteristics(type,average width):
® Vegetation type/percent cover. Explain:All of the dominant plant species are FAC or wetter.
® Habitat for:
❑Federally Listed species. Explain findings:
❑ Fish/spawn areas.Explain findings:
❑ Other environmentally-sensitive species. Explain findings:
® Aquatic/wildlife diversity. Explain findings:weak presence of amphibians and macrobenthos.
3. Characteristics of all wetlands adjacent to the tributary(if any)
All wetland(s)being considered in the cumulative analysis:11
Approximately(0.015)acres in total are being considered in the cumulative analysis.

For each wetland,specify the following:
Directly abuts?(Y/N) Size(in acres) Directly abuts?(Y/N) Size(in acres)
Wetland DD Y 0.015
Summarize overall biological,chemical and physical functions being performed:
C. SIGNIFICANT NEXUS DETERMINATION
A significant nexus analysis will assess the flow characteristics and functions of the tributary itself and the functions performed
by any wetlands adjacent to the tributary to determine if they significantly affect the chemical;physical,and biological integrity
of a TNW. For each of the following situations,a significant nexus exists if the tributary,in combination with all of its adjacent
wetlands,has more than a speculative or insubstantial effect on the chemical,physical and/or biological integrity of a TNW.
Considerations when evaluating significant nexus include,but are not limited to the volume,duration,and frequency of the flow
of water in the tributary and its proximity to a TNW,and the functions performed by the tributary and all its adjacent
wetlands. It is not appropriate to determine significant nexus based solely on any specific threshold of distance(e.g.between a
tributary and its adjacent wetland or between a tributary and the TNW).Similarly,the fact an adjacent wetland lies within or
outside of a floodplain is not solely determinative of significant nexus.
Draw connections between the features documented and the effects on the TNW,as identified in the Rapanos Guidance and
discussed in the Instructional Guidebook.Factors to consider include,for example:
• Does the tributary,in combination with its adjacent wetlands(if any),have the capacity to carry pollutants or flood waters to
TNWs,or to reduce the amount of pollutants or flood waters reaching a TNW?
• Does the tributary,in combination with its adjacent wetlands(if any),provide habitat and lifecycle support functions for fish and
other species,such as feeding,nesting,spawning,or rearing young for species that are present in the TNW?
• Does the tributary,in combination with its adjacent wetlands(if any),have the capacity to transfer nutrients and organic carbon that
support downstream foodwebs?
• Does the tributary,in combination with its adjacent wetlands(if any),have other relationships to the physical,chemical,-or
biological integrity of the TNW?
Note:the above list of considerations is not inclusive and other functions observed or known to occur should be documented
below:
1. Significant nexus findings for non-Rl"W that has'no adjacent wetlands and flows directly'or indirectly intoTNWs. Explain
findings of presence or absence of significant nexus below,based on the tributary itself,then go to Section 111.D:
2. Significant nexus findings for non-RPW and its adjacent wetlands,where the non-RPW flows directly or indirectly into
TNWs. Explain findings of presence or absence of significant nexus below,based on the tributary in combination with all of its
adjacent wetlands,then go to Section III.D:
3. Significant nexus findings for wetlands adjacent to an RPW but that do not directly abut the RPW.Explain findings of
presence or absence of significant nexus below,based on the tributary in combination with all of its adjacent wetlands,then go to
Section IILD:
D. DETERMINATIONS OF JURISDICTIONAL FINDINGS.THE SUBJECT WATERS/WETLANDS ARE(CHECK ALL
THAT APPLY):
1. TNWs and Adjacent Wetlands. Check all that apply and provide size estimates in review area:
a.
TNWs: linear feet width(ft),Or, acres.
Wetlands adjacent to TNWs: acres.
2. RPWs that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs.
Tributaries of TNWs where tributaries typically flow year-round are jurisdictional.Provide data and rationale indicating that tributary is
perennial:
} Tributaries of TNW where tributaries have continuous flow"seasonally"(e.g.,typically three months each year)are
jurisdictional. Data supporting this conclusion is provided at Section III.B. Provide rationale indicating that tributary flows
seasonally: Stream D flows north for approximately 46 linear feet until its confluence with Perennial Stream A(Figure 1,
enclosed). This channel exhibited an average ordinary high water width of 1-2 feet,perennial flow,weak sinuosity,and
substrate consisting of silt to large gravel. Intermittent Stream D scored 29 out of a possible 100 points on the USACE Stream

Quality Assessment Form and 22.5 out of 71 possible points on the NCDWQ Stream Classification Form,indicating
intermittent status(SCP6,enclosed).A Photograph of Stream D is enclosed as Photograph G..
Provide estimates for jurisdictional waters in the review area(check all that apply):
Tributary waters:46 linear feetl-2width(ft).
Other non-wetland waters: acres.
Identify type(s)of waters:
3. Non-RPWss that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs.
Waterbody that is not a TNW or an RPW,but flows directly or indirectly into a TNW,and it has a significant nexus with a
TNW is jurisdictional.Data supporting this conclusion is provided at Section III.C.
Provide estimates for jurisdictional waters within the review area(check all that apply):
Tributary waters: linear feet width(ft).
{ Other non-wetland waters: acres.
Identify type(s)of waters:
4. Wetlands directly abutting an RPW that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs.
Wetlands directly abut RPW and thus are jurisdictional as adjacent wetlands.
Wetlands directly abutting an RPW where tributaries typically flow year-round. Provide data and rationale
indicating that tributary is perennial in Section III.D.2,above.Provide rationale indicating that wetland is
directly abutting an RPW:
Wetlands directly abutting an RPW where tributaries typically flow"seasonally." Provide data indicating that tributary is
seasonal in Section II1.13 and rationale in Section III.D.2,above.Provide rationale indicating that wetland is directly
abutting an RPW:Wetland DD is located at the upstream portion of Intermittent Stream D(Figure 1,enclosed). This
herbacious wetland area is approximately 0.015 acre is size. Dominant vegetation within this area includes common rush
(Juncus effuses),chinese privet(Ligustrum sinense);and various sedges(Carex spp.). This area exhibited low chroma
soils(2.5Y 4/2)with mottles(7.5YR 5/6),inundation to 2 inches,drainage patterns,and saturation within the upper 12
inches of the soil profile. A Routine On-Site Determination Form representative of Wetland DD is enclosed(DP3).
Photographs of Wetland FF are enclosed as Photographs K and L. A Routine On-Site Determination Form representative
of on-site non jurisdictional upland areas is also enclosed(DP1).
Provide acreage estimates for jurisdictional wetlands in the review area: 0.015acres.
5. Wetlands adjacent to but not directly abutting an RPW that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs.
Wetlands that do not directly abut an RPW,but when considered in combination with the tributary to which they are adjacent
and with similarly situated adjacent wetlands,have a significant nexus with a TNW are jurisidictional.Data supporting this
conclusion is provided at Section III.C.
Provide acreage estimates for jurisdictional wetlands in the review area: acres.
6. Wetlands adjacent to non-RPWs that flow directly or indirectly into TNWs.
`f Wetlands adjacent to such waters,and have when considered in combination with the tributary to which they are adjacent and
with similarly situated adjacent wetlands,have a significant nexus with a TNW are jurisdictional.Data supporting this
conclusion is provided at Section III.C.
Provide estimates for jurisdictional wetlands in the review area: acres.
7. Impoundments of jurisdictional waters.
As a general rule,the impoundment of a jurisdictional tributary remains jurisdictional.
Mi Demonstrate that impoundment was created from`waters of the U.S.,"or
Demonstrate that water meets the criteria for one of the categories presented above(1-6),or
Demonstrate that water is isolated with a nexus to commerce(see E below).
BSee Footnote#3.
9 To complete the analysis refer to the key in Section IH.D.6 of the Instructional Guidebook.

E. ISOLATED [INTERSTATE OR INTRA-STATE]WATERS,INCLUDING ISOLATED WETLANDS,THE USE,
DEGRADATION OR DESTRUCTION OF WHICH COULD AFFECT INTERSTATE COMMERCE,INCLUDING ANY
SUCH WATERS(CHECK ALL THAT APPLY):lo
which are or could be used by interstate or foreign travelers for recreational or other purposes.
O:T from which fish or shellfish are or could be taken and sold in interstate or foreign commerce.
which are or could be used for industrial purposes by industries in interstate commerce.
Interstate isolated waters. Explain:
.Other factors. Explain:
Identify water body and summarize rationale supporting determination:
Provide estimates for jurisdictional waters in the review area(check all that apply):
0 Tributary waters: linear feet width(ft).
MOther non-wetland waters: acres.
Identify type(s)of waters:
Wetlands: acres.
F. NON-JURISDICTIONAL WATERS,INCLUDING WETLANDS(CHECK ALL THAT APPLY):
If potential wetlands were assessed within the review area,these areas did not meet the criteria in the 1987 Corps of Engineers
Wetland Delineation Manual and/or appropriate Regional Supplements.
µ Review area included isolated waters with no substantial nexus to interstate(or foreign)commerce.
❑ Prior to the Jan 2001 Supreme Court decision in"SWANCC,"the review area would have been regulated based solely on the
"Migratory Bird Rule"(MBR).
Waters do not meet the"Significant Nexus"standard,where such a finding is required for jurisdiction. Explain:
Other:(explain,if not covered above):
Provide acreage estimates for non jurisdictional waters in the review area,where the sole potential basis of jurisdiction is the MBR
factors(i.e.,presence of migratory birds,presence of endangered species,use of water for irrigated agriculture),using best professional
judgment(check all that apply):
Non-wetland waters(i.e.,rivers,streams): linear feet width(ft).
Lakes/ponds: acres.
Other non-wetland waters: acres.List type of aquatic resource:
Wetlands: acres.
Provide acreage estimates for non jurisdictional waters in the review area that do not meet the"Significant Nexus"standard,where such
a finding is required for jurisdiction(check all that apply):
Non-wetland waters(i.e.,rivers,streams): linear feet, width(ft).
Lakes/ponds: acres.
Other non-wetland waters: acres. List type of aquatic resource:
Wetlands: acres.
SECTION IV: DATA SOURCES.
A. SUPPORTING DATA. Data reviewed for JD(check all that apply-checked items shall be included in case file and,where checked
and requested,appropriately reference sources below):
Maps,plans,plots or plat submitted by or on behalf of the applicant/consultant:
Data sheets prepared/submitted by or on behalf of the applicant/consultant.
® Office concurs with data sheets/delineation report.
❑ Office does not concur with data sheets/delineation report.
Data sheets prepared by the Corps:
Corps navigable waters'study:
U.S.Geological Survey Hydrologic Atlas:
❑ USGS NHD data.
❑ USGS 8 and 12 digit HUC maps.
U.S.Geological Survey map(s).Cite scale&quad name:Skyland,North Carolina, 1991.
USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service Soil Survey. Citation:
National wetlands inventory map(s). Cite name:
State/Local wetland inventory map(s):
io Prior to asserting or declining CWA jurisdiction based solely on this category,Corps Districts will elevate the action to Corps and EPA HQ for
review consistent with the process described in the Corps/EPA Memorandum Regarding CWA Act Jurisdiction Following Rapanos.

FEMA/FIRM maps:
100-year Floodplain Elevation is: (National Geodectic Vertical Datum of 1929)
Photographs:❑Aerial(Name&Date):
or® Other(Name&Date):See attached report.
Previous determination(s). File no.and date of response letter:
Applicable/supporting case law:
Applicable/supporting scientific literature:
Other information(please specify):
B. ADDITIONAL COMMENTS TO SUPPORT JD:

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Asheville Regional Airport Expansion
Individual Permit Application Proiect No.2007-1889
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NCDENR
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Michael F. Easley, Governor William G. Ross Jr., Secretary
June 13, 2007
Mr.Anthony Nardo
Carolina Wetland Services
550 E. Westinghouse Blvd.
Charlotte,NC 28273
Subject: Asheville Regional Airport Project—Expa..d Existing Airport hifrasuuctu e;Fletclhier,
Buncombe County
CWS Project No. 200771889
Dear Mr.Nardo:
The Natural Heritage Program has no current record of rare species, significant natural communities, or
significant natural heritage areas at the site nor Within 1/2-mile of the project area. [There are historic
records of rare aquatic species in the French Broad River,within one mile.]
You may wish to check the Natural Heritage Program database website at www.ncnhp.org for a listing of
rare plants and animals and significant natural communities in the county and on the quad map.
NC OneMap now provides digital Natural Heritage data online for free. This service provides site
-- specific infonnation-on-G;S-layers with Natural Heritage Program rare species occurrences-and-
Significant Natural Heritage Areas. The NC OneMap website provides Element Occurrence(EO)ID
numbers (instead of species name), and the data user is then encouraged to contact the Natural Heritage
Program for detailed information. This service allows the user to quickly and efficiently get site specific
NHP data without visiting the NHP workroom or waiting for the Information Request to be answered by
NHP staff. For more information about data formats and access,visit<www.nconemap.com/data.html>,
or email NC OneMap at<[e-mail]>.
'Please do not hesitate to contact me at 919-715-8697 if you have questions or need further information.
Sincerely,
Harry E. LeGrand,Jr., Zoologist
Natural Heritage Program
1601 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1.601 ne
Phone: [phone] FAX: [phone] Internet: www.enr.state.nc:us/ENR/ Wc6fthCarolina)Vatmnally
An Equal Opportunity I Affirmative Action Employer-50%Recycled 110%Post Consumer Paper:.- _

h
North Carolina Department of Cultural Resources
State historic Preservation Office
Peter B.Sandbeck,Administrator
Michael F.Easley,Governor Office of Archives and History
Lisbeth C.Evans,Secretary Division of Historical Resources
Jeffrey J.Crow,Deputy Secretary David Brook,Director
July 13,2007
Anthony W. Nardo
Andrea L. Hughes
Carolina Wetland Services
650 E. Westinghouse Blvd.
Charlotten,NC 28273
Re: Asheville Regional Airport, Fletcher, Buncombe County,ER 07-1252
Dear Mr. Nardo and Ms. Hughes:
Thank you-for your letter of June 5,2007, concerning the above project.
There are no known recorded archaeological sites within the project boundaries. However, the project area
has never been systematically surveyed to determine the location or significance of archaeological resources.
Based on the topographic and hydrological situation, there is a high probability for the presence of prehistoric
or historic archaeological sites.
We recommend that a comprehensive survey be conducted by an experienced archaeologist to identify and
evaluate the significance of archaeological remains that may be damaged or destroyed by the proposed
project. Potential effects on unknown resources must be assessed prior to the initiation of construction
activities.
Two copies of the resulting archaeological survey report, as well as one copy of the appropriate site forms,
should be forwarded to us for review and comment as soon as they are available and well in advance of any
construction activities.
A list of archaeological consultants who have conducted or expressed an interest in contract work in North
Carolina is available at w,vw.arch.dcr.state.nc.us/consults.htm. The archaeologists listed, or any other
experienced archaeologist, may be contacted to conduct the recommended survey.
The above comments are made pursuant to Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act and the
Advisory Council on Historic Preservation's Regulations for Compliance with Section 106 codified at 36 CFR
Part 800.
Location Mailing Address Telepl one/Fax
ADMINISTRATION 507 N.Blount Street,Raleigh NC 4617 Mail Service Center,Raleigh NC 276994617 (919)7334763/733-8653
RESTORATION 515 N.Blount Street,Raleigh NC 4617 Mail Service Center,Raleigh-NC 276994617 [phone]nl5-4801
SURVEY&PLANNING 515 N.Blount Street,Raleigh,NC 4617 Mail Service Center,Raleigh NC 27699-4617 [phone]/715-4801

Thank you for youn cooperation and consideration. If you have questions concerning the above comment,
contact Renee Gledhill-Earley, environmental review coordinator, at 919/733-4763 ext. 246. In all future
communication concerning this project,please cite the above referenced tracking number.
S' cerely,
Peter Sandbeck

ASHEVILLEcc,
AREA CHAMBER OF COMMERCE
October 19, 2007
Mr. David Edwards, Jr.
Director
Asheville Regional Airport Authority
PO Box 817
Fletcher,NC 28732
Dear Dave:
On behalf of our Chamber of Commerce Board of Directors, I wish to commend you and your
Board for your initiative in preparing the Authority's acreage between the runway and I-26 for
development. Clearly, Asheville Regional plays a major role in our regional economy and the
additional business envisioned for the northern sites will add to that positive economic impact.
I understand that you are in the midst of the permitting process and trust that will progress
smoothly. If we can assist in some way,please feel free to call on me.
Sincerely,
N 1K
Richard J. Lutovsky
President& CEO
cc: Craig R. Wyant
f O BOX solo ASHEVILI E. NORTH CAROLINA "Ssc
(S-OS)S5S-6101 FAX(SES)251-ogc6

Asheville Regional Airport Project
Individual Permit Application Proiect No 2007-1889
Asheville Regional Airport - Adjacent Property Owners
Buncombe County
City of Asheville
Kachman,David and Martha
35 Branrick Ln, Arden,NC 28704
Mack JR, Woodrow and Patricia
5 Hidden Creek Rd.
Arden,NC 28704
Moss,Frank E.
1.3 Hidden Creek Rd.
Arden,NC 28704
Lanning JR, Geo and Connie
130 Tom Johnson Rd.
Columbus,NC 28722
Gibson, Charles R.
42 Rattlesnake Dr.
Sylva,NC 28779
Osorino;Arturo
PO Box 761
Mountain Home,NC 28758
McKinney, James and JoAnne
16 Nathan Dr.
Arden,NC 28704
McFalls, Clota J.
323 Jones Rd.
Fletcher,NC 28732
Woody, Jerry M.
PO Box 6318
Asheville,NC 28816
Green, Gail B.
10 Nathan Dr.
Arden,.NC 28704
Case JR,Alvin J.
101 Hidden Creek Rd.

..........
Asheville Regional Airport Project
Individual Permit Application Project No.2007-1889
Arden,NC 28704
Henderson County
Henderson County
City of Asheville
Cadgene,Marie-Jeanne and Cadgene,Narcisse
PO Box 10
Redvale, CO 81431
Broadmoor Group Inc.
101 French Broad Ln.
Fletcher,NC 28732
Putman, Charles; Litten, Karl V; Kassouf, Lawrence F
90 Hillcrest Dr.
Weaverville,NC 28787
Trenary, Larry M; Atkinson, George W; Trutch, Steven A
PO Box 7625
Asheville,NC 28802
French Broad Associates
1609 Rockledge Dr.
Rockledge,FL 32955

Unit M,Suite 100.307 Townepark Circie^Louisville,KY 40243 '>rE?CGELL�NGEl1V's"
phone:[phone]-fax:[phone]•www.charah.com ASHIMAN."GEM N r-
April 24,2008
Kevin Howell, CM
Asheville Regional Airport Authority
61 Terminal Drive, Suite 1
Pletcher,NC 28732
RE: . Requested answers for response
Dear Kevin,
Liner IbMonitorina:
Attached,please find the reports detailing the Geosynthetic Clay Liner(GCL)installation,
preformed by an independent consulting engineer. We will continue to inspect the liner
installation accordingly as required:.
Soil and Erasion Control:
In case of breach, such that visible ash or sediment is leaving the disturbed limits of the site,
corrective action shall be taken immediately to terminate further discharge. Additionally,the
Division of Water Quality(DWQ)will be notified within.24 hours of discovery and a report
documenting the corrective measures taken,will be submitted to DWQ within 15 days. At a
Minimum,the source of the breach will be identified and repaired sufficient to avoid a future
release. Following repair, the entire sediment control system will be evaluated to establish if the
breach was an anomalous occurrence or if additional measures need to be taken to provide
sufficient sediment control and protection of water quality. Additional measures could include;
providing additional rows of silt fencing, sediment collection areas,better stabilization of
existing controls, and/or more frequent inspections. Records of corrective measures,whether
temporary or permanent,taken at the site will be maintained onsite and will be distributed to
DWQ.
Ground water Monitoring:
There have been four monitoring wells installed both up gradient and down gradient. Please see
attached groundwater monitoring well location and ground water table data. We believe that the
above measures provide suitable protection of the stream and wetlands downstream of the
project and comply with requirements of the non-discharge permit. Charah will continue to
monitor and report this water table data for five years following ash placement completion. We
will work with the Aquifer Protection Section to provide whatever groundwater information as
required.
CONSERVING OUR NATURAL RESOURCE S ^;^ THROUGH THE BENEFICIAL USE OF CCPs

Should you have any questions or need further clarification,please feel free to phone.
Sincerely,
Randy Feller
VP of Operations
Charah, Inc.
502=609-3660
[e-mail]

VA U-15kH A N
1��e- 'e 1 f!Q-� CIVIL AND MINING CONSULTANTS
173 WEST LAKE STREET e MADISONVILLE, KENTUCKY 42431 - TEL. [phone]
FAX [phone]
WM.SCOTT VAUGHAN,P.E.
WILLIAM E.VAUGHAN,P.E.
OA OBSER VA TION L 0 G -
Site: Charah, Inc. Date: Weather: Clear
Asheville Regional Airport Ash Fill Project 12/06/07
Work Activities:
Observed Charah grading site for liner placement. Crew removed extraneous material
from lay down area (rocks, roots, etc.) in advance of liner placement. Subgrade area
was being roiled with smooth drum roller.
Survey Activities:
Establish liner layout grid on ground for documentation of liner lay down progress.
Special Instructions:
Proof roll all areas prior to liner placement. Follow manufacturer's installation
guidelines.
GA Documentation Attached Attachment, Details:
X . Yes No Liner installation grid exhibit.
Wi
Wm. Scott Vau4han, P.E.
C:':DWGSiCHARAH%Asrtevillek042308-�CartificattonkO4,2308_Certificacion.wpd

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FAX [phone]
WM.SCOTT VAUGHAN,P.E-
WILLIAM E.VAUGHAN,P.E.
QA OBSER VA TION LOG -
Site: Charah, Inc. Date: Weather- Clear
Asheville Regional Airport Ash Fill Project 12/07/07
Work Activities:
Observed Charah crew removing extraneous material from lay down area (rocks,
roots, etc.) in advance of liner placement. Initial lay down area was proof rolled and
passed. Advance lay down area was proof rolled. Two small areas failed and were
ordered corrected. Field spotted four (4) monitoring well locations. Reviewed
manufacturers installation instructions with site personnel.
Survey Activities:
Completed liner grid layout on site.
Special Instructions:
Proof roll all areas prior to liner placement. Follow manufacturer's installation
guidelines.
QA Documentation Attached Attachment Details:
X— Yes No (3) photos of rolled surface prior to
liner placement (initial lay down
area)
Wm. Scott VaugfitianI ,P E
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C:NDWGSICHARAHkAstieville1042308-Cariification1042308_Certification.wpd

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l CIVIL AND MINING CONSULTANTS
e 173 WEST LAKE STREET - MADISONVILLE, KENTUCKY 42431 TEL. [phone]
FAX [phone]
WM.SCOTTVAUGHAN,P.E.
WILLIAM E.VAUGHAN.P.E.
- QA OBSERVATION LOG -
Site: Charah, Inc. Date: Weather: Clear
Asheville Regional Airport Ash Fill Project 12/20/07
Work Activities:
Liner placement in progress. Reviewed installation procedures with site personnel. I
Ash placement was underway at time of inspection. Exposed liner edges were being
protected from the effects of moisture by use of plastic cover materials. Field
spotted area of liner installation to date. Anchor trench construction observed
_ I
conforming to specification.
Survey Activities:
Dane.
Special Instructions:
Proof roll all areas prior to liner placement. Follow manufacturer's installation
guidelines.
QA Documentation Attached Attachment Details:
X Yes No (4) photos of liner installation in
progress
Installation exhibit.
I
Wm. Scott Vau han, P.E.
C:\DWG5:CHARAH\Asheville\042308 CertificauoO,,042308 Cerii(ication.wpd

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V A U- C��*H, A N
CIVIL AND MINING C-0NSUL7ANTS
173 WEST LAKE STREET NIADiSONVILLE, KENTUCKY 42431 ^ TEL. [phone]
a" FAX (270) 82$-4108
WM.SCOTT VAUGHAN.P.E.
WILLIAM E.VAUGHAN,P.E.
- QA OBSERVA TION L 0 G -
Site: Charah, Inc. Date: Weather: Clear
Asheville Regional Airport Ash Fill Project 02/28/08
Work Activities:
No liner placement taking place. Ash materials being placed and compacted.
Survey Activities:
Construction staked liner limit location from design plans. Construction staked grade
points for establishing fill elevations. Mapped ash fill area to date. Mapped liner limit
to date.
Special Instructions:
Proof roll all areas prior to liner placement. Follow manufacturer's installation
guidelines.
QA Documentation Attached Attachment Details:
7{ Yes No Installation exhibits - liner limit and
panel diagram
m. Scott Vaug ,an, P.E.
C:1CW GSICHARAH\AsheviNe',047.308-Certificationi042308-Cartificaticn.wpd

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To:Mr.Randy Keller—Charah Inc.
From: Tim.Silar—Silar Services Incorporated
Date: April 15, 2008
Subject: Hydrogeologic Assessment Status Report
Charah Inc. (Charah) has requested that Silar Services Incorporated (SSi) conduct a
hydrogeologic assessment to addresses requirements related to Permit Number
WQ0000020 issued by the North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural
Resources (NCDENR), specifically - evaluate seasonal high water table as per section H.
Operation and Maintenance Requirements, 9b. To accomplish this objective groundwater
monitoring wells will be installed and initial water level data have been collected. These
activities are summarized below.
Monitoring Well Installation
Four monitoring wells were installed in early January 2008 to provide groundwater
elevation measuring points and thereby an understanding of groundwater conditions. The
monitoring wells will be installed by a Geologic Exploration from Statesville, NC using
hollow-stem auger and air rotary techniques and constructed in accordance with Federal
and State guidelines. The location of the monitoring wells is illustrated on Figure 1. A
summary of the monitoring wells construction is included in Table 1. Monitoring wells
were screened across the water table (first water).
Water Level Measurements
Continuous water level measurements have been collected from monitoring wells MW-1
and MW-2 to gain requisite data to access the seasonal high water elevation. Measure are
collected with in well pressure transducer at a frequency of one reading every ten
minutes. A summary of water level elevation from MW-1 from January 4 to March 4,
2008 are included in Figure 2. This data indicated that the groundwater water elevation
has fluctuated in a narrow range from approximately 2,087.3' to 2,088.7' above mean sea
level (MSL).
Summary
Four monitoring wells were installed to evaluate groundwater elevation in the project
area. Water levels collected to data indicates that groundwater elevations fluctuate in a
narrow range with a maximum groundwater elevation of less than 2,089' MSL.
Hlydrogeologic Assessment Status Report April 15, 2008
Charah Asheville Regional Airport

o
SS
TABLES
Hydrogeologic Assessment Status Report April 15, 2008
Charah Asheville Regional Airport

Table 1
Monitoring Well Construction Summary
Charah Asheville Regional Landfill
Fletcher,North Carolina
Annular Fill Material
Well ID. Well Depth TOC Ground Surface Screen Interval Sand Seal Concrete
(TOC) (MSL) Elevation(MSL) (feet bgs) Interval Interval Interval
(feet bgs) (feet bgs) (feet bgs)
MW-1 23 2,098.94 —2,096.5 23-8 23-6 6-4 4-0
MW-2 25 2,117.70 —2,115.5 25-15 25-13 13-11 11-0
MW-3 60 2,147.76 —2,145.5 60-30 60-27.7 17.7-24.8 24.8-0
NW-4 1 41 1 2,143.73 1 —2,141.5 41-31 41-29.2 29:2-27 27-0
Notes:
bgs-Below Ground Surface
TOC-Top of Well Casing

SS .
FIGURES
Hydrogeologic Assessment Status Report April IS, 2008
Charah Asheville Regional Airport

'+
TOP 2�CArING
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SCAM C0NSUL7ING ENGINEERS AND SURVEYORS t
173 K'F_ST LIKE STREET MAOISON MIZ KENTUCKY 42431
i )MIEPHONE. [phone]".

t v
L�-T�Jl
:;,i0 E WESTINGHOUSE BLVD.CHARLOTTE,NC 28273
CW704-527-1177(v)
704-527-1133(fax)
May 1,2008
Ms.Loretta Beckwith
U.S.Army Corps. of Engineers
151 Patton Avenue,Room 208
Asheville,NC 28801
Subject: Section 404 Individual Permit Application
Asheville Regional Airport Expansion
Fletcher,North Carolina
CWS Project No.2007-1889
Ms.Beckwith:
1. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service(USFWS)
The USFWS expressed the following concerns:
(1) Some wetlands and seeps in the project area were not included in the public notice.
(2) That the site had been cleared, to include the wetland areas.
(3) There is a lack of information about the alternatives analysis.
(4) Concern about the stormwater system.
(5)The agency offered the following recommendations to help address the impacts associated with this
project and to help minimize impacts to fish and wildlife resources:
1. Reduce road width, use grassed swales in place of curb and gutter, and implement on-site
storm-water-management measures (i.e., bioretention areas, rain gardens, and constructed
wetlands) that will result in no net change in the hydrology of the watershed.As previously
stated, without proper planning, this development will create impervious surfaces (such as
roofs, roads, and parking lots) that will collect pathogens, metals, sediment, and chemical
pollutants and quickly transmit them to receiving waters. Therefore, all storm-water outlets
should drain through a vegetated upland area prior to reaching any stream or wetland area.
Sufficient retention designs should be implemented to allow for the slow discharge of
stormwater, attenuating the potential adverse effects of storm-water surges; thermal spikes;
and sediment, nutrient, and chemical discharges.
2. Minimize the amount of impervious surface area that will occur as a result of this project.
We recommend that all parking areas and taxiways be constructed of a pervious material(ie.
pervious concrete, interlocking/open paving blocks, etc.), Pervious materials are less likely to
absorb and store heat and allow the cooler temperatures of the earth be to cool the pavement.
Pervious concrete also requires less maintenance and is less susceptible to freeze/thaw
cracking due to large void spaces within the concrete. Pervious parking areas minimize
changes to the hydrology of the watershed can be used to facilitate groundwater recharge,
and often eliminate the need for curb and gutter for drainage.
3. Install and maintain stringent measures to control erosion and sediment in order to prevent
unnecessary impacts to aquatic resources within and downstream of the project site.
Disturbed areas should be reseeded with seed mixtures that are beneficial to wildlife. Fescue-
NORTH CAROLINA • SOUTH CAROLINA ° NEW YORK
WWW.CWS-INC.NET

May 1,2008
Ms. Loretta Beckwith
Page 2 of 8
based mixtures should be avoided Native annual small grains appropriate for the season are
preferred and recommended.Also,perimeter erosion-control devices should be installed
prior to any on-the-ground activities. Frequent maintenance of these devices is critical to
their proper function in order to minimize sediment discharge from the project site.
4. Implement low-impact-development designs into the project plans. We recommend that a
rooftop garden, or a "green"rooftop, design be incorporated into the building construction
plans for the multiuse development. Green rooftops have many benefits, including: (a)
keeping buildings warmer by adding a layer of insulation to the roof and keeping buildings
cooler by allowing plants to take in water that evaporates into the atmosphere, resulting in
lower beating and cooling bills; (b) reducing the amount and improving the quality of storm-
water runoff because water is absorbed and filtered through plants and soil; and(c)
improving overall air quality by removing particulate matter from the air. This, along with
the proposed storm-water runoff collection devices that will be constructed, will dramatically
decrease the amount and increase the quality of stormwater runoff.
(6) The project may have contained potential habitat for bunched arrowhead, which is federally
listed as endangered and has been found in close proximity to the project area, and that surveys for
listed species had not been conducted prior to site clearing activities.
(7) The agency recommended that full restoration of the 0.172 acre wetland in the northern section of
the project area be required, and would like to review the restoration plan.
(8) Minimum of 3:1 ratio for mitigation for streams and wetlands.
Response:
(1) On March 12, 2008, a site visit was conducted by Carolina Wetlands,USACE and NCDWQ. All
wetland delineation areas were revisited and a new Wetland Boundary Survey is attached. The text of
the permit application has been revised to include these new areas.
(2) Clearing and Grubbing was to be performed outside of all wetland areas and a fifty(50)foot
stream buffer. Unfortunately,the contractor performing the work did not communicate effectively
with a new foreman on the job site which resulted in the clearing of wetland area CC. This area will
be restored if possible.The USACE and DWQ have requested that the pipe of the main tributary
should be extended through the entire site. If this activity is required,then the restoration of Wetland
CC is not possible.
(3) Alternatives
Avoidance
The expansion of the existing airport development to the north occurs on a site which is bisected by a
perennial stream. Development to one side or the other of the stream would not yield sufficient
development area to satisfy the project purpose and need. The stream cannot be relocated to the east
due to shallow bedrock to the ound surface and too a hic constraints. The stream cannot e
re ocated to the west due to FAA restrictions on open water an orested buffers adjacent to runways
due to safety issues.
Minimization
Impacts were reduced for the Preferred Alternative by reducing the fill slopes from 4:1 to 3:1 on the
north end of the development. A retaining wall and wing walls were added to the north outlet of the
60"RCP to further reduce impacts. The use of the rip rap apron was avoided through the use of an
internal energy dissipater to the pipe. The energy dissipater will be in accordance with NC Erosion
and Sedimentation Control Planning and Design Manual, Section 6.41.1. The system was designed

r
May 1,2008
Ms.Loretta Beckwith
Page 3 of 8
with an O-Rin Gasket RCP pipe to seal out ground water fiom the pipe. This70rjgrin
n stategy
e stream impacts by 441 linear feet and we Ian un acts 0.158 aalproposed activities Minimization of impacts to downstream aquatic resourcesmplhed
y filling the area so that grade directs stormwater flows away from surface waters and into off-line
stormwater BMP treatment measures. Negative effects to downstream water quality and important
aquatic functions and values will be prevented through appropriate erosion and sediment control
methods during construction and the incorporation of permanent storm water management measures
designed to remove Total Suspended Solids (TSS)before they reach downstream receiving waters.
Minimization of impacts to downstream aquatic resources will be accomplished by filling the area so
that grade directs storm water flows away from surface waters and into off-line storm water BMP
treatment measures.
A Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan(SPPP)template is being developed for the North Carolina
Airport Association(NCAA)that will provide guidance on best management practices (BMPs)that
should be followed by NCAA-member airports to prevent or reduce stormwater pollution from their
industrial activities. As such,Asheville Regional Airport will implement BMPs, including fuel
disposal barrels and ramp sweeping activities for the General Aviation Apron Area to help treat
stormwater runoff from the existing impervious areas.
The ARV has reviewed alternatives for the development of the expansion area including the
following:
Alternative 1 -No Build Alternative
\ The No-Build Alternative will result in no impacts to jurisdictional streams or wetlands but does not
satisfy project purpose and need to provide airside access to airstrip and groundside access to four
lane interstate with approximately 450,000 square feet of new ramp, apron and taxiway;
approximately 200,000 new square feet of building and approximately 150,000 new square feet of
roadway and parking.
Alternative 2—Off-Site Development Alternative
The Off-Site Development Alternative will result in no impacts to jurisdictional streams or wetlands
\ on this site but does not satisfy project purpose and need to provide airside access to airstrip and
vgroundside access to four lane interstate with approximately 450,000 square feet of new ramp, apron
and taxiway; approximately 200,000 new square feet of building and approximately 150,000 new
square feet of roadway and parking. This alternative would also require land acquisition by the
airport.
Alternative 3 —West Side Development Alternative
The West Side Development Alternative will result in impacts to 2,371 linear feet of jurisdictional
streams and also does not satisfy project purpose and need since it does not have access to four lane
interstate and terminal. The USGS topographic map shows a"blue line"stream in this location. This
area doesn't have existing support infrastructure(access, utilities,taxiways, aprons, etc). In order to
access the airport terminal from this area, all traffic will need to cross the runway which will cause
safety issues and could delay flights.
Alternative 4—South Side Development Alternative
The South Side Development Alternative will result in impacts to approximately 2,818 linear feet of
\ jurisdictional streams but does not satisfy project purpose and need since it does not enough land area
v adjacent to both airstrip and interstate to provide the necessary program elements. This alternative
cannot be adjacent to Runway/Taxiway system due to Rental car Facility. The elevation of this piece

May 1,2008
Ms.Loretta Beckwith
Page 4 of 8
of land is 30 feet lower than the existing development and it cannot be filled due to the location of the
rental car facility.
Alternative 5—East Side Development Alternative
The East Side Development Alternative will impact jurisdictional streams or wetlands but does not
satisfy project purpose and need since it is not adjacent to airstrip and does not have enough land area
to provide the necessary program elements. This alternative is located across NC-280 and will have
no access to Runway/Taxiway System unless a taxiway bridge is built to span the highway. A bridge
of this nature would not be cost effective for this project. In addition,the land area geometry and size
is not adequate for the development.
Alternative 6 -Reduced Scope and Scale Alternative
The Reduced Scope and Scale Alternative will result in fewer impacts to jurisdictional streams or
wetlands but does not satisfy project purpose and need to provide airside access to airstrip and
groundside access to four lane interstate with approximately 450,000 square feet of new ramp, apron
and taxiway; approximately 200,000 new square feet of building and approximately 150,000 new
square feet of roadway and parking. Reducing the scope and scale would render the project not
economically feasible.
Alternative 7—On-Site Northern Development Alternative(Preferred Alternative)
The On-Site Northern Development Alternative will result in unavoidable impacts to jurisdictional
\ \ streams or wetlands on this site but it does satisfy project purpose and need to provide airside access
to airstrip and groundside access to four lane interstate with approximately 450,000 square feet of new
ramp, apron and taxiway; approximately 200,000 new square feet of building and approximately
150,000 new square feet of roadway and parking. This alternative will provide access to I-26 via NC-
280. This alternative is consistent with FAA approved Master Plan and Land Use Plan
Alternative 8—An additional alternative suggested by the NCDWQ was to relocate the stream to the
east side of the development. The topography of the site will not allow a proper relocation of the
stream due to the drastic elevation change across the site.
(4) Stormwater detention and treatment to be used was included in the 404 permit application.
(5) 1)The airport is working with their engineer to look at the possibility of using grassed swales in
lieu of curb and gutter on parking areas. As previously indicated in the original application submittal,
all stormwater outlets for this development are run through a series of water quality devices prior to
reaching any stream or wetland area.
2)Although pervious pavements can minimize the changes to the hydrology of the watershed,
it also increases the potential of foreign object debris (FOD). FOD can be ingested into aircraft
turbines causing engine damage or can be picked up in the aircraft jet blast causing injury to people
and damage to property. FOD includes pieces of pavement,rocks and sand.
3)Erosion control measure shall be correctly install and maintained. Disturbed areas will be
reseeded with a native seed that does not attract and increase in wildlife and jeopardize safety to the
traveling pubic.
4)The majority of the proposed buildings for this project are aircraft hangar buildings and
roof-top gardens are not practicable for this application.

May 1,2008
Ms. Loretta Beckwith
Page 5 of 8
(6) A letter was forwarded to the North Carolina Natural Heritage Program(NCNHP) on
June 5, 2007 to determine the presence of any federally-listed, candidate endangered,threatened
species or critical habitat located within the project area. In a letter dated June 13, 2007,the NCNHP
stated there"is no record of rare species, significant natural communities, or significant natural
heritage areas at the site,nor within 1/2 mile of the project area"
A protected species survey was conducted to determine the potential for the occurrence of animal and
plant species formally proposed or listed as endangered or threatened by current Federal regulations
[Federal Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.)] within the proposed project area.
The review consisted of a literature and records search, and a pedestrian survey perforined by CWS's
Matt Jenkins,WPIT, and Paul Bright. CWS consulted the North Carolina Natural Heritage Program's
(NCNHP)Natural Element Occurrence Search Page for Buncombe County E51. The data contained in
this database was last updated March 1,2007. According to the NCNHP database,there are four
Current Federally Endangered or Threatened species listed for Buncombe County. The Endangered
species for Buncombe County are the Carolina northern flying squirrel(Glaucomys sabrinus
coloratus), gray bat(Myotis grisescens), spreading avens (Geum radiatum)and the rock gnome lichen
(Gymnoderma lineare). Bunched arrowhead(Sagittaria fasciculate) is listed as Historic in Buncombe
County and was not observed within the site. The only potential habitat is Wetland CC which is
located in a seep area with loamy soils. Bunched arrowhead requires seepage areas with very low
water flow and no stagnation; soils are sandy loams overlain by muck 10-24 inches deep; some shade
is beneficial. Wetland CC was heavily shaded and dominated by jewelweed and various sedges. No
overlaying muck layer was observed in this wetland area. It is the opinion of CWS that Wetland CC
is not a suitable habitat for bunched arrowhead.
(7) The avoided portions of Wetland CC will be restored.
(8) The application has been revised to propose a 2:1 mitigation ratio. Revised credit requests have
been forwarded to the NCEEP for acceptance.
2. The Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians Tribal Historic Preservation Office(EBCI TIIPO)
The EBCI THPO stated that the projects location is within the aboriginal territory of the Cherokee
People and that potential cultural resources important to the Cherokee people may be threatened due
to adverse effects expected from the level of ground disturbance required for this project. The EBCI
THPO would like to review all related archaeological, cultural resource and historical investigatory
materials completed by the applicant.
Response:
A letter was forwarded to the State Historic Preservation Office(SHTO) on June 5, 2007 to determine
the presence of any areas of architectural,historic, or archaeological significance that would be
affected by the project. In a letter dated July 13,2007,the SHPO stated that there"are no known
recorded archaeological sites within the project boundaries". A copy of this letter will be forwarded
to the EBCI THPO.
3. North Carolina Wildlife Resource Commission
5 The NCNHP Element Occurrence Search Page,found online at http://207.4.179.50/nhp/county.html,accessed on June 12,2007.
6 Radford,et al. 1968.Manual of the Vascular Flora of the Carolinas.The University of North Carolina Press,Chapel Hill,North Carolina.
1183 pp.

May 1, 2008
Ms. Loretta Beckwith
Page 6 of 8
The French Broad River near the airport supports a cool water fishery that includes smallmouth bass
and muskellunge. Wetlands in this region are important to a variety of birds and other wildlife. Bog
turtles (State Threatened) and mole and four-toed salamanders (State Special Concern) have been
found in wetlands along the French Broad River within a few miles of the airport. The largest
wetland on the preferred site probably supported salamanders before the site preparation occurred.
It and the riparian areas on the property also were important for protecting water quality in the
French Broad River.
Given the important fish and wildlife resources in the area, the Commission is particularly concerned
with the limited evaluation of project alternatives and the recent wetland and stream impacts that'
have occurred on the preferred site. (1) One alternative discussed at the meeting, but dismissed in the
application, involves using the preferred site by relocating a portion of stream channel A to the east
instead of using this area solely for storm drainage swales. With this possibility, detained and treated
storm water might be routed into the head of the open channel rather than near the property's
northern boundary. Since the stream channel is now unstable and in generally poor condition, any
project alternative that is pursued should address this situation. Another way to minimize impacts
without changing the site development may be a slight shift and/or construction of a low retaining in
the northeast fill slope, which currently necessitates filling wetland cc. However, this wetland would
require restorative work like stream channel A given the disturbance that has occurred.
Coal fly ash is not considered a hazardous waste, but it does contain trace elements that can be
mobilized by water and cause toxicity to aquatic life. Therefore, if it is used as structural fill, then
adherence to the requirements outlined in 15A NCAC 13B. 0.1700 will be particularly important
because of proximity to water. These requirements include, in part, not placing ash within 50 feet of
wetlands and streams, isolation of fill from storm water during filling, keeping fill slopes less than
3:1, and maintaining the fill area as a non-discharge structure. The separation requirement may not
\ be met given the stream fill. Nevertheless, to keep the fill from discharging, an impervious fill base
\\ and cover is recommended since the region normally receives considerable annual precipitation.
Should non-discharge not be achieved, the Commission recommends that the discharge be
periodically tested for toxic elements and, should standards be exceeded, a remediation plan executed
in a timely manner. This would be similar to the monitoring that would be required to ensure
compliance with groundwater standards (15A NCAC 2L).
Extensive impervious cover from the proposed development has the potential to degrade downstream
water quality. This is already evident on the preferred site where stream channel degradation
appears to have increased following the site work and where petroleum and nutrient pollution was
noted during the site visit. Therefore, the Commission requests that effective storm water detention
and treatment be used for the expansion and any existing developed areas that can be incorporated.
If impacts to the streams and wetlands on the preferred site are permitted, then a 2:1 or higher
compensatory mitigation ratio is recommended. This recommendation is based on the apparently
good condition of Wetland CC and the lower part of Stream A before site grading commenced and
their regional importance to fish and wildlife resources. In addition, the function of streams and
wetlands that will not be permanently filled, if applicable, should be restored.
Response:
(1) An additional alternative suggested by the NCWRC/NCDWQ was to relocate the stream to the
east side of the development. This alternative was looked at and due to the drastic elevation change
across the site;the topography of the site will not allow a proper relocation of the stream.

May 1,2008
Ms. Loretta Beckwith
Page 7 of 8
(2) As shown in the enclosed drawings,the creek and wetlands will be filled with clean fill material
from nearby borrow areas or quarries (porous material discussed below). This fill will be of sufficient
depth to cover by at least two feet the top of the pipe that will convey the relocated stream. As
required in Condition 11. 9. of the non-discharge permit, approval will be obtained from the Aquifer
Protection Section of the Asheville regional office for this design that protects the stream and
groundwater with clean fill and a geosynthetic clay liner with a maximum hydraulic conductivity of
10,6 cm/sec. These measures, along with the containment of the stream within the pipe,justify waiver
of the prohibition of ash placement within 50 feet of surface water, as allowed by the permit. There
are no water supply wells or springs within 100 feet of the fill.
The ash non-discharge permit requires the bottom of the ash fill to be a minimum of one foot above
the seasonal high groundwater level. With regard to potential contact with groundwater,the project
will have porous material in the former steam bed and under the reinforced concrete pipe to allow for
drainage of groundwater from underneath the fill and therefore impede the groundwater table from
reaching the bottom of the ash fill. As stated above,both the former stream bed and the reinforced
concrete pipe will have a minimum of two feet of clean fill over them, and for an extra measure of
protection, a geosynthetic clay liner over the clean fill and under any ash fill. When completed,the
project will have a six feet thick compacted clean fill "cap" over it and it will then be mostly paved
with an engineered drainage system to divert stormwater around the fill, so infiltration of water into
the fill is expected to be minimal. The side slopes will have at least two feet of clean fill over the ash
fill.
We believe that the above measures provide suitable protection of the stream and wetlands
downstream of the project and comply with requirements of the non-discharge permit. If the Division
deems monitoring is necessary,there is an existing monitoring well both up gradient and down
gradient. We will work with the Aquifer Protection Section to provide whatever groundwater
monitoring is required. If necessary, samples may also be taken from the stream at appropriate
locations both upstream and downstream of the activity after the project is completed.
(3) Stormwater detention and treatment to be used was included in the 404 permit application.
(4) The application has been revised to propose a 2:1 mitigation ratio. Revised credit requests have
been forwarded to the NCEEP for acceptance.
(5) The avoided portions of Wetland CC will be restored.
4.Adjacent Property Owner:
James B. McKinney
16 Nathan Drive
Arden, NC 28704
This is in response to the letter received December 1, 2007 in regards to the development of the
Asheville Regional Airport location I reside at 16 Nathan Drive Arden, NC, which is adjacent to the
area in question. My property line connects to the airports; therefore we receive a lot of water run off
in to the small stream located under my driveway. With the run off from the Airport property into the
small stream as caused my driveway to cave in a few years back See attached photos from the time
that the driveway collapsed. We temporarily fixed the driveway until a few months ago, in which I
installed a large concrete culvert&repaired the entire driveway. The cost of this project was around
$2,500.00. I have contacted the airport authority in regards to this issue of water drainage before
with no response. The airport has developed entirely around my property which has caused a lot of
water drainage onto my property over the years. I believe the US Army Corps of Engineers may need

r May 1, 2008
Ms. Loretta Beckwith
Page 8 of 8
to investigate this a little further before signing off on it. Irealize that the airport has already begun
movement of dirt and installation of the ashes product from Progress Energy. I just wonder if they
have taken the proper safety precautions so that there will not be any water run off. If this
development cause water drainage onto my property and causes the newly installed culvert to
collapse again I feel that the airport authority should be responsible for the repairs.
Response:
The submitted stormwater collections system is intended to separate all new impervious and pervious
development stormwater runoff from the existing airport stormwater system. This was to be
accomplished through the extension of the existing 60"RCP storm drain outlet, allowing no addition
flow. The airport will work with their engineer to add an energy dissipater at the down stream outlet
of the 30"RCP. This will control the stormwater velocity before it leaves the airport property,
minimizing the potential for erosion.
Please do not hesitate to contact me at 704-527-1177 or through email at [e-mail] should
you have any questions or comments regarding these findings.
C +�
Ron G.kcientist
PWS Craig R. Wyant,RLA
Senior Senior Resource Analyst
Enclosures:
Revised IP Application
cc: Mr.Kevin Barnett,NCDWQ
Mr. Gary Bouthillier, WK Dickson
Mr.David N.Edwards, Jr.—Airport Director,AVL

550 E WESTINGHOUSE BLVD.
I CHARLOTTE,NC 28273
WS 704-527-11 (
704-527-1133 33(faft
x)
PMay 1,2008
Mr.Roger C.Edwards
NC Division of Water Quality
2090 U.S.Highway 70
Swannanoa,NC 28778
Subject: Section 404 Individual Permit Application
Asheville Regional Airport Expansion
Fletcher,North Carolina
DWQ Project#07-1841
CWS Project No.2007-1899
Mr.Edwards:
In your letter dated March 20,2008 you provided the need for the following information in order for
the project to be reviewed in the future as a complete package:
• This office determined that your submitted Impact Justification was insufficient. In your response,
you quoted the application, the suitahility of disposing of fly ash as structural fill was referenced.As
disposing of a waste product is not a reason to fill a Waters of the State, the alternatives were
reviewed without consideration of these statements.
The use of flyash as a fill material has been removed from the alternatives and purpose and
need for the development of this project. The following is the revised Alternatives Analysis:
Alternative 1 -No Build Alternative y
_._..The No-Build Alternative will result in no impacts to jurisdictional streams or wetlands but
does not satisfy project purpose and need to provide airside access to airstrip and groundside
access to four lane interstate with approximately 450,000 square feet of new ramp,apron and
taxiway;.approximately 200,000 new square feet of building and approximately 150,000 new
square feet of roadway and parking.
Alternative 2—Off-Site Development Alternative
The Off-Site Development Alternative will result in no impacts to jurisdictional streams or
wetlands on this site but does not satisfy project purpose and need to provide airside access to
airstrip and groundside access to four lane interstate with approximately 450,000 square feet of
new ramp,apron and taxiway; approximately 200,000 new square feet of building and
approximately 150,000 new square feet of roadway and parking. This alternative would also
require land acquisition by the airport.
Alternative 3—West Side Development Alternative
The West Side Development Alternative will result in impacts to 2,371 linear feet of
jurisdictional streams and also does not satisfy project purpose and need since it does not have
access to four lane interstate and terminal. The USGS topographic map shows a"blue line"
stream in this location. This area doesn't have existing support infrastructure(access,utilities,
taxiways,aprons,etc). In order to access the airport terminal from this area,all traffic will
need to cross the runway which will cause safety issues and could delay flights.
NORTH CAROLINA • SOUTH CAROLINA NEW YORK
WWW.CWS-INC.NET

May 1, 2008
Mr.Roger Edwards
Page 2 of 5
Alternative 4—South Side Development Alternative
The South Side Development Alternative will result in impacts to approximately 2,818 linear
feet of jurisdictional streams but does not satisfy project purpose and need since it does not
enough land area adjacent to both airstrip and interstate to provide the necessary program
elements. This alternative cannot be adjacent to Runway/Taxiway system due to Rental car
Facility. The elevation of this piece of land is 30 feet lower than the existing development and it
cannot be filled due to the location of the rental car facility.
Alternative 5—East Side Development Alternative
The East Side Development Alternative will impact jurisdictional streams or wetlands but does
not satisfy project purpose and need since it is not adjacent to airstrip and does not have enough
land area to provide the necessary program elements. This alternative is located across NC-280
and will have no access to Runway/Taxiway System unless a taxiway bridge is built to span the
highway. A bridge of this nature would not be cost effective for this project. In addition,the
land area geometry and size is not adequate for the development.
Alternative 6-Reduced Scope and Scale Alternative
The Reduced Scope and Scale Alternative will result in fewer impacts to jurisdictional streams
or wetlands but does not satisfy project purpose and need to provide airside access to airstrip
and groundside access to four lane interstate with approximately 450,000 square feet of new
ramp,apron and taxiway; approximately 200,000 new square feet of building and
approximately 150,000 new square feet of roadway and parking. Reducing the scope and scale
would render the project not economically feasible.
Alternative 7—On-Site Northern Development Alternative(Preferred Alternative)
The On-Site Northern Development Alternative will result in unavoidable impacts to
jurisdictional streams or wetlands on this site but it does satisfy project purpose and need to
provide airside access to airstrip and groundside access to four lane interstate with
approximately-450,000 square-feet of new ramp,apron and taxiway; approximately 100,000- -new square feet of building and approximately 150,000 new square feet of roadway and
parking. This alternative will provide access to I-26 via NC-280. This alternative is consistent
with FAA approved Master Plan and Land Use Plan
Alternative 8—An additional alternative suggested by the NCDWQ was to relocate the stream
to the east side of the development. The topography of the site will not allow a proper
relocation of the stream due to the drastic elevation change across the site.
• Your minimization statement regarding the "minimization of impacts to downstream aquatic
resources"does not address the steps taken to minimize impacts on-site.
The following information is taken from the Avoidance and Minimization section of the
REVISED Individual Permit Application. Impacts were reduced for the Preferred Alternative
by reducing the fill slopes from 4:1 to 3:1 on the north end of the development. A retaining wall
and wing walls were added to the north outlet of the 60"RCP to further reduce impacts. The
use of the rip rap apron was avoided through the use of an internal energy dissipater to the
pipe. The energy dissipater will be in accordance with NC Erosion and Sedimentation Control
Planning and Design Manual,Section 6.41.1. The system was designed with an O-Ring Gasket
RCP pipe to seal out ground water from the pipe. This minimization strategy has reduced
stream impacts by 441 linear feet and wetland impacts by 0.158 acre from the original proposed
activities. Minimization of impacts to downstream aquatic resources will be accomplished by
filling the area so that grade directs stormwater flows away from surface waters and into off-
line stormwater BMP treatment measures. Negative effects to downstream water quality and

May 1, 2008
Mr.Roger Edwards
Page 3 of 5
important aquatic functions and values will be prevented through appropriate erosion and
sediment control methods during construction and the incorporation of permanent storm water
management measures designed to remove Total Suspended Solids (TSS) before they reach
downstream receiving waters.
Alternatives 2, 3, 4, and 5 refer to the project not having direct access to-26. The proposed
preferred alternative does not have direct access to 1-26 either. Vehicular traffic will have to enter
Airport Road in order to access 1-26. Should additional construction be required to provide such
vehicular access to 1-26, it must be reflected in the project plans and any impacts associated with this
access are considered collectively with the requested impacts. Additionally, if no new vehicular
access to 1-26 is proposed, and the existing Airport Road access is utilized, this argument against
Alternatives 2, 3, 4, and 5, can be removed from the alternatives analysis.
These alternatives will have access to I-26 via NC-280. There is a potential opportunity to have
a direct exit from I-26 in the future to solely serve this airport. A conceptual design for a direct
airport entry from Southbound I-26(exit 40)has been included.
Alternative 3 indicates that there would be impacts to waters related to this alternative, but no
supporting data was submitted(Including, but not limited to, amount of impacts compared to
Alternative 7.)Additionally, this is the only alternative which states that direct access to the existing
terminal to be necessary for the project. If direct access to the terminal is not integral to Alternative
7, then this argument cannot be used for alternative 3.
See the above Revised Alternatives Analysis. If an alternative has potential to impact
jurisdictional waters,the impact is estimated using GIS data.
-Alternative 4 states that"it does not enough land area adjacent to both airstrip and interstate."As
neither your Purpose and Need nor your Avoidance and Minimization dictates how much adjacent
land to both the airstrip and interstate is required, this argument is invalid.
Aerial Photographs of the Airports property have been included and show graphically where
--- each alternative was considered.(Figures 1 and.2,enclosed),_
Alternative 5, with the fly ash disposal and direct access to both the airstrip and interstate
arguments removed(access to the airstrip can always be created through a paving expansion of
taxiways and service aprons), is an alternative which should be explored.
The land area geometry and size is not adequate for the development. The construction of a
bridge to span NC-280 is not cost effective for this development.
o Alternative 6 re-states the "no negative effect"to downstream water quality,yet on-site
observations conducted by the Division and the US Army Corps of Engineers on March 12, 2008
revealed that fly ash and sediment have already been discharged to streams and wetlands on-site.
Please see the next bullet point to address the flyash cleanup. A detailed report by Vaughn
Engineering has been attached to demonstrate the steps taken to install the Geosynthetic Clay
Liner. A report from Silar Services detailing the monitoring well installation and monitoring
plan has been included.
In your response to the "clean fill"requirement of the State,you have not provided a compelling
argument as to why this material must be filled over the stream and wetland.Additionally,you have
not provided the requested monitoring plan which would show how the ash placed to the side of the
stream and wetland will not violate Water Quality Standards. Lastly,you have not addressed how
subsurface water moving below the fill layer would not pick up pollutants and discharge then to
downstream systems.

May 1, 2008
Mr.Roger Edwards
Page 4 of 5
The following is the detail of the measures taken to clean up the flyash that was observed in the
stream and wetland.
It was requested by Kevin Barnett,with the Division of Water Quality(DWQ),to provide a
detailed narrative of the cleanup process that we have completed with respect to the above
referenced notice of violation,this report is intended to satisfy his request.
Attached,please find our photographs of the impacted area where sediment and erosion control
measures were compromised,taken on Wednesday,March 12,2008,during the subsequent site
visit.Also attached,please find the pictures of the same impacted area,taken after our cleanup
efforts,of Friday,March 15,2008.
With the intent to restore the impacted area in question to its original condition,we manually
used rakes and shovels to carefully collect only the ash and sediment that had been discharged.
All of the excavated soil was manually deposited into 5 gallon pails and returned to the
structural fill area currently under construction. Care was taken,to not disturb any other
functions or characteristics of the stream and wetlands..
All erosion control measures have been repaired,operational and inspected.Weekly and
stormwater reporting are being documented and reported to DWQ as per plan.-
You have failed to provide an adequate stormwater management and treatment plan for the existing
impervious surfaces.
A Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan (SPPP)template is being developed for the North
Carolina Airport Association (NCAA)that will provide guidance on best management practices
(BMPs)that should be followed by NCAA-member airports to prevent or reduce stormwater
pollution from their industrial activities. As such,Asheville Regional Airport will implement
BMPs,including fuel disposal barrels and ramp sweeping activities for the General Aviation
---- Apron Area-to-help treat-stormwater_runoff from.the-existing impervious areas.- ------ ------ -
Please do not hesitate to contact me at 704-527-1177 or through email at [e-mail] should
you have any questions or comments regarding these findings.
Ron G.kcientist
PWS Craig R. Wyant,RLA
Senior Senior Resource Analyst
Enclosures:
Aerial Photographs of Alternatives(Figures 1 and 2)
Direct Airport Exit Concept
Geosynthetic Clay Liner Installation Report
Monitoring Well Installation and Monitoring Plan
Photographs of the flyash cleanup process
cc: Mr.Kevin Barnett,NCDWQ
Mr. Gary Bouthillier,WK Dickson
Mr.David N.Edwards, Jr.—Airport Director,AVL

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SEE SHEETS 77&78 FOR CROSS i5EC110N5
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i 18

ur L?
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w- 491>
Unit M,Suite 100.307 Townepark Circle-Louisville,ICY 40243 'E7CCELLENC'E IlV°
phone:[phone]-fax:[phone]•wwwcharah.com AMMANAGF.i4SE1VT
April 24, 2008
Kevin Howell, CM
Asheville Regional Airport Authority
61 Terminal Drive, Suite 1
Fletcher,NC 28732,
RE: Requested answers for response
Dear Kevin,
Liner Monitoring:
Attached,please find the reports detailing the Geosynthetic Clay Liner(GCL)installation,
preformed by an independent consulting engineer. We will continue to inspect the liner
installation accordingly as required..
Soil and Erosion Control:
In case of breach,such that visible ash or sediment is leaving the disturbed limits of the site,
corrective action shall be taken immediately to terminate further discharge. Additionally,the
Division of Water Quality(DWQ)will be notified within 24 hours of discovery and a report
the-corrective measures taken-will'ue-submitted to-DWQ-within i-S-days: fit a
minimum,the source of the breach will be identified and repaired sufficient to avoid a fiiture
release. Following repair, the entire sediment control system will be evaluated to establish if the
breach was an anomalous occurrence or if additional measures need to be taken to provide
sufficient sediment control and protection of water quality. Additional measures could include;
providing additional rows of silt fencing,sediment collection areas,better stabilization of
existing controls,and/or more frequent inspections. Records of corrective measures,whether
temporary or permanent,taken at the site will be maintained onsite and will be distributed to
DWQ.
Ground water Monitoring:
There have been four monitoring wells installed both up gradient and down gradient. Please see
attached groundwater monitoring well location and ground water table data. We believe that the
above measures provide suitable protection of the stream and wetlands downstream of the
project and comply with requirements of the non-discharge permit. Charah will continue to
monitor and report this water table data for five years following ash placement completion. We
will work with the Aquifer Protection Section to provide whatever groundwater information as
required.
CONSERVING OUR NATURAL RESOURCES 1. rTHROUGH THE BENEFICIAL USE OF CCPs

1

Y um. A N
=_ 1neeri g CIVIL AND MINING CONSULTANTS
f 173 WEST LAKE STREET m IVIADISONVILLE, KENTUCKY 42431 TEL. [phone]
FAX [phone]
WM.SCOTT VAUGHAN,P E_
WILLIAM E.VAUGHAN,P.E.
- QA ORSERVA TION LOG -
Site: Charah, Inc. Date: Weather: Clear
Asheville Regional Airport Ash Fill Project 12/07/07
' Work Activities:
Observed Charah crew removing extraneous material from lay down area (rocks.,
roots, etc.) in advance of-liner placement. Initial lay down area was. proof rolled and
passed. Advance lay down area was proof rolled. Two small areas failed and were
j ordered corrected. Field spotted four (4) monitoring well locations. Reviewed
manufacturers installation instructions with site personnel.
Survey Activities:
Completed liner grid layout on site.
Special Instructions
Proof roll all areas prior to liner placement. Follow manufacturer's installation
guidelines.
GA Documentation Attached Attachment Details:
X Yes No (3) photos of roiled surface prior to
liner placement (initial lay down
area)
Wm. Scott Vaug.i'an, P.E.
C.%DWGS\CHARAH\Asrievilte\042308_Certification\042308 Certificatton.wpd

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VA UIRI� � AN
rt a# e r 1n g l CIVIL AND MINING CONSULZANTS
,5 173 'NEST LAKE STREET MADISONVILLE, KENTUCKY 4243.1._ TEL. [phone]
FAX [phone] O8
W.M.SCOTTVAUGHAN,P.E.
WILLIAM i=.VAUGHAN.P.E.
- QA OBSERVATION LOG -
Site:: Charah, Inc. Date: Weather: Clear
Asheville Regional Airport Ash Fill Project 12/20/07
Work Activities.
Liner placement in progress.. Reviewed installation procedures with site personnel.
Ash placement was underway at time of inspection. Exposed liner edges.were being
protected from the effects of moisture by use of plastic cover materials. Field
spotted area of liner installation to date. Anchor trench construction observed
conforming to specification. j
Survey Activities:
None.
Special Instructions:
Proof roll all areas prior to liner placement. Follow manufacturer's installation
guidelines.
I
GA Documentation Attached Attachment Details;:
X Yes No (4) photos of liner installation in
progress
Installation exhibit.
f �
Wm. Scott Vau han, P.E.
C:1DW GStCHARAH\Ashevisle?042308_Certificanon\042308—Cegi f ication.wp(i

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-engin-eering f CIVIL AND MINING CONSULTANTS
r`i 173 WEST LAKE STREET - MADISONVILLE, KENTUCKY 42431 • TEL, (270) 821-201 3
I� FAX (270)82S-4108
WM.SCOTT VAUGHAN,P.E.
WILLIAM E.VAUGHAN,P.E.
- QA OBSERVATION LOG -
Site: Charah, Inc. Date: Weather: Clear
Asheville Regional Airport Ash Fill Project 02/28/08
Work Activities:
No liner placement taking place. Ash materials being placed and compacted.
Survey Activities:
i
Construction staked liner limit location from design plans. Construction staked grade
points for establishing fill elevations. Mapped ash fill area to date. Mapped liner limit
to date.
Special Instructions:
Proof roll all areas prior-to liner placement. Follow manufacturer's installation
guidelines.
GA Documentation Attached Attachment Details:
X Yes No . Installation exhibits - liner limit and
panel diagram
f)"rA
m. Scott Vaughan, P.E.
C:\OWGS\CHARAH\Asheville\042308 Certificatiant042308_Cerdficaticawpd

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To:Mr. Randy Keller—Charah Inc.
From: Tim.Silar—Silar Services Incorporated
Date:April 15, 2008
Subject: Hydrogeologic Assessment Status Report
Charah Inc. (Charah) has requested that Silar Services Incorporated (SSi) conduct a
hydrogeologic assessment to addresses requirements related to Permit Number
WQ0000020 issued by the North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural
Resources (NCDENR), specifically - evaluate seasonal high water table as per section II.
Operation and Maintenance Requirements, 9b. To accomplish this objective groundwater
monitoring wells will be installed and initial water level data have been collected. These
activities are summarized below.
Monitoring Well Installation
Four monitoring wells were installed in early January 2008 to provide groundwater
elevation measuring points and thereby an understanding of groundwater conditions. The
monitoring wells will be installed by a Geologic Exploration from Statesville, NC using
hollow-stem auger and air rotary techniques and constructed in accordance with Federal
and State guidelines. The location of the monitoring wells is illustrated on Figure 1. A
summary of the monitoring wells construction is included in Table 1. Monitoring wells
were screened across the water table (first water).
Water Level Measurements
Continuous water level measurements have been collected from monitoring wells MW-1
and MW-2 to gain requisite data to access the seasonal high water elevation. Measure are
collected with in well pressure transducer at a frequency of one reading every ten
minutes. A summary of water level elevation from MW-1 from January 4 to March 4,
2008 are included in Figure 2. This data indicated that the groundwater water elevation
has fluctuated in a narrow range from approximately 2,087.3' to 2,088.7' above mean sea
level (MSL).
Summary
Four monitoring wells were installed to evaluate groundwater elevation in the project
area. Water levels collected to data indicates that groundwater elevations fluctuate in a
narrow range with a maximum groundwater elevation of less than 2,089' MSL.
Hydrogeologic Assessment Status Report April 15, 2008
Charah Asheville Regional Airport

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SS
TABLES
Hydrogeologic Assessment Status Report April 15,2008
Charah Asheville Regional Airport

Table 1
Monitoring Well Construction Summary
Charah Asheville Regional Landfill
Fletcher,North Carolina
Annular Fill Material
Well ID. Well Depth TOC Ground Surface Screen Interval Sand Seal Concrete
(TOC) (MSL) Elevation(MSL) (feet bgs) Interval Interval Interval
(feet bgs) (feet bgs) (feet bgs)
MW-1 23 2,098.94 --2,096.5 23-8 23-6 6-4 4-0
MW-2 25 2,117.70 —2,115.5 25-15 25-13 13-11 11-0
MW-3 60 2,147.76 —2,145.5 60-30 60-27.7 17.7-24.8 24.8-0
MW-4 41 2,143.73 —2,141.5 41-31 41-29.2 29.2-27 27-0
Notes:
bgs-Below Ground Surface
TOC-Top of Well Casing

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FIGURES
Hydrogeologic Assessment Status Report April 15,2008
Charah Asheville Regional Airport

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CONSULTING:ENGINEERS:AND SURVEYORS, .¢
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Figure 2 - MW-1 Groundwater Elevations - January - March 2008
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•, oF W AFR Michael F.Easley,Governor
t\_t (�
(i William G.Ross Jr.,Secretary
PFILE
COPY North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Coleen H.Sullins, Director
$w Division of Water Quality
March 20, 2008
DWQ Project# 07-1841
Buncombe County
CERTIFIED MAIL
RETURN RECEIPT REQUESTED — 7002 0460 0001 9899 7439
David N. Edwards, Jr.
Asheville Regional Airport Authority
61 Terminal Drive
Suite 1
Fletcher, North Carolina 28732
Subject Property: Asheville Regional Airport Expansion
Fletcher, NC
RETURNED AS INCOMPLETE
Dear Mr. Edwards:
'On October 29, 2007, the Division of Water Quality-(DWQ) received your application
submitted in regards to your request to perform filling.activities within 1746 linear feet of
streams and 0.209 acres of wetlands. The Division of Water Quality requested
additional information in the form of an Additional Information Request mailed January -
23, 2008. A response was received from you on February 22, 2008. The DWQ has
determined that your application and additional information are insuffient in order to
make an agency determination. Therefore, we are returning your application as
incomplete in accordance with 15A NCAC 2H .0506. In order for your project to be
reviewed in the future, you must. submit a complete application along with the
appropriate processing fee, including, but not limited to:
• This office determined that your submitted Impact Justification was insufficient.
In your response, you quoted the application, the suitability of disposing of fly ash
as structural fill was referenced. As disposing of a waste product is not a reason
to fill a Waters of the State, the alternatives were reviewed without consideration
of these statements.
• Your minimization statement' regarding the "minimization of impacts to
downstream aquatic resources" does not address the steps taken to minimize
impacts on-site.
North Carolina
Natill'ally
North Carolina Division of Water Quality 2090 U.S.Highway 70 Swannanoa,N.C.28778 Phone[phone]
Internet: www.ncwaterguality.org Customer Service 1-877-623-6748 FAX [phone]
An Equal OpportunilylAffirmative Action Employer—50%Recycled110%Post Consumer Paper

Asheville Regional Airport Expansion
Page 3 of 3 ,
March,20,2008
• Alternatives 2, 3, 4, and 5 refer to the project not having direct access to 1-26..
The proposed preferred alternative does not have direct access to 1-26 either.
Vehicular traffic will have to enter Airport Road in order to access 1-26. Should
additional construction be required to provide such vehicular access to 1-26, it
must be reflected in the project plans and any impacts associated with this
access be considered collectively with the requested impacts. Additionally, if no
new vehicular access to 1-26 be proposed, and the existing Airport Road access
be utilized, this argument against Alternatives 2, 3, 4, and 5, can be removed
from the alternatives analysis.
• Alternative 3• indicates that there would be impacts to waters related to this
alternative,. but no supporting data was submitted (Including, but not limited to,
amount of impacts compared to Alternative 7.) Additionally, this is the only
alternative which states that direct access to the existing terminal to be
necessary for the project. If direct access to the terminal is not integral to
Alternative 7, then this argument cannot be used for alternative 3.
• Alternative 4 states that "it does not enough land area adjacent to both airstrip
and interstate." As neither your Purpose and Need nor your Avoidance and
Minimization dictate how much adjacent land to both the airstrip and interstate is
required, this argument is invalid.
• Alternative 5, with the fly ash disposal and direct access to both the airstrip and
interstate arguments removed (access to the airstrip can always be created
through a paving expansion of taxiways and service aprons), is an alternative
which should be explored.
• Alternative 6 re-states the "no negative effect" to downstream water quality, yet
on-site observations conducted by the Division -and the US Army Corps of
Engineers on March 12, 2008 revealed that fly ash and sediment have already
been discharged to streams and wetlands on-site.
• In your response to the "clean fill" requirement of the State, you have not
provided a.compelling argument as to why this material must be filled over the
stream and wetland. Additionally, you have not provided the requested
monitoring plan which would show how the ash placed to the side of the stream
and wetland will not violate Water Quality Standards. Lastly, you have not
addressed how subsurface water moving below the fill layer would not pick up
pollutants and discharge then to downstream systems.
• You have failed to provide an adequate stormwater management and treatment
plan for the existing impervious surfaces.

Asheville Regional Airport Expansion
Page 3 of 3
t __ March,20,2008
As you have no authorization under Section 401 of the Clean Water Act for this activity,
any work within waters of the state would be a violation of North Carolina General
Statutes and Administrative Code. Please call Mr. Kevin Barnett at 828-296-4657 if you
have any questions this matter.
Sincerely,
Roger C. Edwards, Regional Supervisor
Surface Water Protection
Division of Water Quality
CK
cc: Ron Johnson and Craig Wyant, CWS-
550 East Westinghouse Blvd.
Charlotte, NC 28273
Cyndi Karoly, DWQ, Wetlands /401 Permitting Unit
USACE Asheville Regulatory Field Office
David McHenry, NC Wildlife Resources Commission
en ra
Filename: 07-1841,.AshevilleRegionalAirportExpansion.returned
J

DE C -
heville Zz
REGIONAL AIRPORT
P11
WATER QUALITY S" t N
ASHEVILLE AEG
IOPJAL OFFICE
February 21, 2008
Mrs. Cyndi Karoly
401 Permitting Unit
1650 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1650
Subject Property: Asheville Regional Airport Expansion
DWQ Project# 07-1841
Buncombe County
RE: Request for more information
Mrs. Karoly:
In response to the letter Request for More Information dated January 23, 2008 from Mr.
Roger C. Edwards, please see the following responses:
DWQ Request:
1. Impact Justification (Avoidance and Minimization)
Under Section Vll of your application you have not provided a 'justification"for the
impacts as requested within this section. Additionally, there are no "alternatives"
presented for this fill activity. At a minimum,you must explore all other available
properties for possible utilization for this proposed expansion.
Response:
The following is an excerpt from the USACE IP-404 Permit Application:
Alternatives
I. Avoidance
The expansion of the existing airport development to the north occurs on a site which is
bisected by a perennial stream. Development to one side or the other of the stream
would not yield sufficient development area to satisfy the project purpose and need.
The stream cannot be relocated to the east due to shallow bedrock to the ground
surface and topographic constraints. The stream cannot be relocated to the west due to
61 Terminal Dr.,Suite 1,Fletcher,NC 28732 • Phone [phone] • Fax [phone]
www.flyavi.com

FAA restrictions on open water and forested buffers adjacent to runways due to safety
issues.
II. . Minimization
Minimization of impacts to downstream aquatic resources will be accomplished by filling
the area so that grade directs storm water flows away from surface waters and into off-
line storm water BMP treatment measures.
The Asheville Regional Airport Authority and its agents have reviewed alternatives for the
development of the expansion area including the following:
Alternative 1 - No Build Alternative
The No-Build Alternative will result in no impacts to jurisdictional streams or wetlands
but does not satisfy project purpose and need to provide airside access to airstrip and
groundside access to four lane interstate with approximately 450,000 square feet of new
ramp, apron and taxiway; approximately 200,000 new square feet of building and
approximately 150,000 new square feet of roadway and parking. This alternative does
not provide for disposal of fly ash as alternative to utilizing valuable landfill space.
Alternative 2—Off-Site Development Alternative
The Off-Site Development Alternative will result in no impacts to jurisdictional streams or
wetlands on this site but does not satisfy project purpose and need to provide airside
access to airstrip and groundside access to four lane interstate with approximately
450,000 square feet of new ramp, apron and taxiway; approximately 200,000 new square
feet of building and approximately 150,000 new square feet of roadway and parking.
This alternative does not provide for disposal of fly ash as alternative to utilizing valuable
landfill space.
Alternative 3—West Side Development Alternative
The West Side Development Alternative will result in impacts to jurisdictional streams
and also does not satisfy project purpose and need since it does not have direct access
to four lane interstate and terminal. The USGS topographic map shows a "blue line"
stream in this location. This alternative does not provide for disposal of fly ash as
alternative to utilizing valuable landfill space.
Alternative 4—South Side Development Alternative
The South Side Development Alternative will result in no impacts to jurisdictional
streams or wetlands but does not satisfy project purpose and need since it does not
enough land area adjacent to both airstrip and interstate to provide the necessary
program elements. This alternative does not provide for disposal of fly ash as alternative
to utilizing valuable landfill space.

Alternative 5— East Side Development Alternative
The East Side Development Alternative will result in no impacts to jurisdictional streams
or wetlands but does not satisfy project purpose and need since it is not adjacent to
airstrip and does not have enough land area to provide the necessary program elements.
This alternative does not provide for disposal of fly ash as alternative to utilizing valuable
landfill space.
Alternative 6 - Reduced Scope and Scale Alternative
The Reduced Scope and Scale Alternative will result in fewer impacts to jurisdictional
streams or wetlands but does not satisfy project purpose and need to provide airside
access to airstrip and groundside access to four lane interstate with approximately
450,000 square feet of new ramp, apron and taxiway; approximately 200,000 new square
feet of building and approximately 150,000 new square feet of roadway and parking.
Reducing the scope and scale would render the project not economically feasible. This
alternative provides less area for disposal of fly ash as alternative to utilizing valuable
landfill space.
Alternative 7—On-Site Northern Development Alternative (Preferred Alternative)
The On-Site Northern Development Alternative will result in unavoidable impacts to
jurisdictional streams or wetlands on this site but,it does satisfy project purpose and
need to provide airside access to airstrip and groundside access to four lane interstate
with approximately 450,000 square feet of new ramp, apron and taxiway; approximately
200,000 new square feet of building and approximately 150,000 new square feet of
roadway and parking. This alternative does provide for disposal of fly ash as alternative
to utilizing valuable landfill space. Negative effects to downstream water quality and
important aquatic functions and values will be prevented through appropriate erosion
and sediment control methods during construction and the incorporation of permanent
storm water management measures designed to remove Total Suspended Solids JSS)
before they reach downstream receiving waters.
Alternative 8—An additional alternative suggested by the NCDWQ was to relocate the
stream to the east side of the development. The topography of the site will not allow a
proper relocation of the stream due to the drastic elevation change across the site.
DWQ Request:
2. As the Division of Water Quality utilizes it's General Certification as Guidance for
Individual Impacts requests, and the General Certifications specify clean fill,your
proposed use of fly ash is not suitable for use in filling streams and wetlands. You
must re-submit your request showing the Non-Discharge Permit setbacks, with
appropriate liners and monitoring to ensure that water quality standards are not
contravened.

Response:
As shown in the enclosed drawings, the creek and wetlands will be filled with clean fill
material from nearby borrow areas or quarries (porous material discussed below). This
fill will be of sufficient depth to cover by at least two feet the top of the pipe that will
convey the relocated stream. As required in Condition II. 9. of the non-discharge permit,
approval will be obtained from the Aquifer Protection Section of the Asheville regional
office for this design that protects the stream and groundwater with clean fill and a
geosynthetic clay liner with a maximum hydraulic conductivity of 10"6 cm/sec. These
measures, along with the containment of the stream within the pipe,justify waiver of the
prohibition of ash placement within 50 feet of surface water, as allowed by the permit.
There are no water supply wells or springs within 100 feet of the fill.
The ash non-discharge permit requires the bottom of the ash fill to be a minimum of one
foot above the seasonal high groundwater level. With regard to potential contact with
groundwater, the project will have porous material in the former steam bed and under
the reinforced concrete pipe to allow for drainage of groundwater from underneath the
fill and therefore impede the groundwater table from reaching the bottom of the ash fill.
As stated above, both the former stream bed and the reinforced concrete pipe will have
a minimum of two feet of clean fill over them, and for an extra measure of protection, a
geosynthetic clay liner over the clean fill and under any ash fill.
When completed, the project will have a six feet thick compacted clean fill "cap" over it
and it will then be mostly paved with an engineered drainage system to divert
stormwater around the fill, so infiltration of water into the fill is expected to be minimal.
The side slopes will have at least two feet of clean fill over the ash fill.
We believe that the above measures provide suitable protection of the stream and
wetlands downstream of the project and comply with requirements of the non-discharge
permit. If the Division deems monitoring is necessary, there is an existing monitoring
well both up gradient and down gradient. We will work with the Aquifer Protection
Section to provide whatever groundwater monitoring is required. If necessary, samples
may also be taken from the stream at appropriate locations both upstream and
downstream of the activity after the project is completed.
DWQ Request.
3. As it was observed that nutrients and petroleum products were making their way
into the stream system,your submitted stormwater collection and treatment system
must also capture an treat all impervious areas adjacent, or connected to, this fill
activity to adequately treat said runoff prior to discharge.

Response:
The submitted stormwater collections system was intended to separate all new
impervious and pervious development stormwater runoff from the existing airport
stormwater system.This was to be accomplished through the extension of the existing
60" RCP storm drain outlet, allowing no addition flow. The airport will work with their
engineer to propose a practicable stormwater collection and treatment system solution.
We thank you for your time in this matter. If you have any questions or require
additional information, please do not hesitate to contact me.
Sincerely,
Asheville Regional Airport Authority
David N. Edwards, AAE
Airport Director
cc: DWQ Asheville Regional Office
USACE Asheville Regulatory Field Office
David McHenry, NC Wildlife Resources Commission
Asheville Regional Airport Authority Files
WK Dickson—Gary Dickson
Carolina Wetlands—Craig Wyant
Charah —Charles Price
Progress Energy—Cam Wheeler

.r
6'COMPACTED
SOIL CAP
MAX 1X1ecm/sec
ASH PLACEMENT GEOSYTHETIC CLAY
�j LINER MATERIAL SOIL BACKFILL
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-,n'. c- 60"PIPE
PREPARED SUBGRADE - "
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#57 DRAINAGE STONE EXISTING DRAINAGE CHANNEL
OR EQUIVALENT TO BE FILLED WITH#57
DRAINAGE STONE OR
T WIDE CONNECTING TRENCH EQUIVALENT
TO BE INSTALLED AT 100'+/-
INTERVALS AND FILLED WITH
#57 DRAINAGE STONE OR
EQUIVALENT
TYPICAL PIPE SECTION
N.T.S
(*)TOP OF FILL -6'
SIDE SLOPES-2'
(")COMPACTED
SOIL CAP
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° N.T.S
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ASHEVILLE REGIONAL AIRPORT
Q FLY ASH BENIFICIAL USE PROJECT
CONSTRUCTION DETAIL REVISION
FEBRUARY 2008
0
U

�F W AT�R Michael F.Easley,Governor
William G.Ross Jr.,Secretary
C� �- ILE
�Ilina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
� - E],FPTyy
55 r Coleen H.Sullins,Director
Division of Water Quality
January 23, 2008
DWQ Project# 07-1841
Buncombe County
CERTIFIED MAIL
RETURN RECEIPT REQUESTED — 7002 0460 0001 9899 6500
David N. Edwards
Asheville Regional Airport Authority
61 Terminal Drive
Suite 1
Fletcher, North Carolina 28732
Subject Property: Asheville Regional Airport Expansion
Request for More Information
D:ea' Mr. Edwards:
On November 2, 2007, the Division of Water Quality (DWQ) received your application to
impact 0.465 acres of wetlands and 1,746 linear feet of streams to construct the-
proposed Airport Expansion project. The DWQ has determined that your application
was incomplete and/or provided inaccurate information as discussed below. The DWQ
will require additional information in order to process your application to impact
protected wetlands and/or streams on the subject property. Therefore, unless we
receive the additional information requested below, we will have to move toward denial
of your application as required by 15A NCAC 2H .0506 and will place this project on
hold as. incomplete until we receive this additional information. Please provide the
following information so that we may continue to review your project.
Additional Information Requested:
1. Impact Justification(Avoidance and Minimization)
Under Section VII of your application you have not provided a "justification" for the
impacts as .requested within this section. Additionally, there are no "alternatives"
presented for this fill activity. At a minimum, you must explore all other available
properties for possible utilization for this proposed expansion.
2. As the Division of Water Quality utilizes it's General Certification as Guidance for
Individual Impacts requests, and the General Certifications specify clean fill, your
proposed use of fly ash is not suitable for use in filling streams and wetlands. You
must re-submit your request showing the Non-Discharge Permit setbacks, with
NoithCarolina
Natlrrallb,
North Carolina Division of Water Quality 2090 U.S.Highway 70 Swannanoa,NC 28778 Phone(828)296A500 Customer Service
Internet:: vdww,ncwaterquality.org FAX [phone] 1-877-623-6748
An Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer—50%Recycled/10%Post Consumer Paper

Asheville Regional Airport Expansion
Page 2 of 2
January 23,2008 `
f • . 3
appropriate liners and monitoring to ensure that water quality standards are not
contravened. -
3. As it was observed that nutrients and petroleum products were making their way
into the stream system, your submitted stormwater collection and treatment system
must also capture and treat all impervious areas adjacent, or connected to, this fill
activity to adequately treat said runoff prior to discharge.
Please respond before the close of business on February 22, 2008 by sending this
information to both the 401 Permitting Unit at:
Mrs. Cyndi Karoly
401 Permitting Unit
1650 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1650
and to the Asheville Regional Office at:
Kevin Barnett
Surface Water Protection Section
2090 US HWY 70
Swannanoa, NC 28778
If we do not hear from you before February 22, 2008, we will assume that you no longer
want to pursue this project and we will consider the project as withdrawn.
This letter-only addresses the application review and does not authorize any impacts to
wetlands, waters or protected buffers. Please be aware that any impacts requested
within your application are not authorized (at this time) by the DWQ. Please call Kevin
Barnett at 828-296-4657 if you have any questions regarding or would like to set up a
meeting to discuss this matter.
Sincerely,
r
Roger C. Edwards, Regional Supervisor
Asheville Regional Office
Surface Water Protection Section
RCE
USACE Asheville Regulatory Field Office
David McHenry, NC Wildlife Resources Commission
File Copy
Central Files
Filename: 07-1841.AshevilleRegionalAirpportExpansion.Add-Info

O f,W A Michael F.Easley,Governor
CtG William G.Ross Jr.,Secretary
North Cain...:-.department of Environment and Natural Resources
r Coleen H.Sullins,Director
O � Division of Water Quality
October 31,2007
Buncombe County
DWQ Project 07-1841
CERTIFIED MAIL:RETURN RECEIPT REQUESTED
Asheville Regional Airport Authority
Attn:David N.Edwards
61 Terminal Drive, Suite 1
Fletcher,North Carolina 28732
Subject Property:Asheville Regional Airport Expansion
Dear Mr.Edwards:
On October 29,2007,the NC Division of Water Quality(DWQ)received your application for an Individual 401 Water Quality
Certification for impacts associated with the above referenced project. An Individual 404 Permit will be required for this.project. Please
note that the following must be received prior to issuance of a 401 Water Quality Certification:.
1. The 401 Certification cannot be processed until a copy of the Corps of Engineers Public Notice for this project is received at
the DWQ Central Office in Raleigh. No action is required on your part. The Corps of Engineers will forward the.Public
Notice to this Office when it is published.
2. The PCN Application failed to contain the Applicant/Agent's Signature and Date.See last page of application.(Agent's
signature is valid since we received the Agent Authorization form,however,the application was not signed).Please supply
one(1)original and four(4)copies of the signature page. Action is.required on your part for this..onussion:
Until the information requested in this letter is provided,I will request(by copy of this letter)that the Corps of Engineers place this
project on hold. Also,this project will be placed on hold for our processing due to incomplete information(15A NCAC 2H.0507(h)).
Thank you for your attention.If you have any questions,please contact Ian McMillan or me in our Central Office in Raleigh at
[phone].
Sincer ,
Cyndi Karoly,Supervisor
401 Oversight/Express Permitting Unit
CBKlrnj
cc: 'US Army Corps of Engineers Asheville Regulatory Field Office
Kevin Barnett,DWQ Asheville Regional Office
Carolina Wetlands Services,Attn: Craig Wyant,550 East Westinghouse Boulevard,Charlotte,NC 28273
File Copy
Central File
071841 AshevilleRegiona]AirportExpansion(Buncombe)_IP_Hold_PN_Signatures
N.C.Division of Water Quality,401 Wetlands Certification Unit,
1650 Mail Service Center,Raleigh,NC 27699-1650(Mailing Address)
2321 Crabtree Blvd.,Raleigh,NC 27604-2260(Location)
[phone](phone),919-733-6893(fax),(httu•i/h2o.enr.state.nc.us/ncwetlands)
Customer Service#: 1-877-623-6748

Jage Check List
Date: 10/31/07 Project Name: Asheville Regional Airport Expansion
DWQ#: 07-1841
Cou t-y_:�uncombe
I
I j
NOV ® 2 20� � LJIt
Kevin Barnett, Asheville Regional Office !
To: WATER OUALJTY SECTION
ASHEVILLE REGIONAL OFFICE
Copy of IP & Hold Letter..NO PN or Signatures Yet
From: Cyndi Karoly Telephone: [phone]
The file attached is being forwarded to you for your evaluation.
Please call if you need assistance.
❑ Stream length impacted
❑ Stream determination
❑ Wetland determination and distance to blue-line surface waters on USFW topo maps
❑ Minimization/avoidance issues.
❑ Buffer Rules (Meuse, Tar-Pamlico, Catawba, Randleman)
❑ Pond fill
❑ Mitigation Ratios
❑ Ditching
❑ Are the stream and or wetland mitigation sites available and viable?
❑ Check drawings for accuracy
❑ Is the application consistent with pre-application meetings?
❑ Cumulative impact concern
El
Comments: As per our discussion regarding revision of the triage and delegation processes,
please review the attached file. Note that you are the first reviewer, so this file will need to be
reviewed for administrative as well as technical details. If you elect to place this project on hold,
please ask the applicant to provide your requested information to both the Central Office in
Raleigh as well as the Asheville Regional Office. As we discussed, this is an experimental, interim
procedure as we slowly transition to electronic applications. Please apprise me of any
complications you encounter,whether related to workload, processing times, or lack of a"second
reviewer" as the triage process in Central had previously provided. Also, if you think of ways to
improve this process, especially so that we can plan for the electronic applications, let me know.
Thanks!

EWER- COMPLETE THIS SECTION COMPLETE THIS SECTION ON DELIVERY
Complete items 1,2,and 3.Also complete A. Signature
Item 4 if Restricted Delivery is desired. ❑Agent
■ Print your name and address on the reverse X [3 Addressee
__sobatsera ran raft ern+ha rard+n_vnu ,L.. �_.+-
— - --- -ited Name) C. Date of Deliveq
'dip9�IIC;lIE�I,I'�� \lorth Carolina Department of I S-'Ti4IZt i—a9-ay
, r III E_rAronment and ivatural Resources
Division o?WBtefr Quality different from item 1? ❑Yes
niiiiri�6in`..nnrn■u. c c ❑No
1111111 f1j''ll,')II.II IIII�� .urfsc:e Water Protection Secfior(ery address below:
I H 4 2Gfi0 U.S.HigIr ay 70,Slaranianoa,NC 28778
.................................. «..�.........e...>... �
I::►avic:;l IT. E:d'Jkrards I
;ll,:,l•leailile F;e!gional Airport ,Autholrity 3. ice Type
I;i'I''TeI'I'IL'I n a l Drive Certified Mail ❑Express Mail
:"S l.11lli;!;I ❑Registered Return Receipt for Merchandise
`� , ,, ❑Insured Mail .O.D.
I::Pt��rcf�wr, North Carolina. 2i313 c,
�- - - ---- - =`` —"° 4. Restricted Delivery?(Extra Fee) ❑Yes
7002 0460 0001 9,899 6500
3S Form 3811.Februnrv-2DD4 Domestic,Retum Receipt 102595-02-M-154

UNITED STATES POSTAL SERVICE First-Class Mail
Postage&Fees Paid
LISPS
�\ Permit No,G-10
• Senderr.,-lease L t your name, address, and ZIP+4 in this box •
°ems'
n l�•(y MR KEVIN BARNETT
NCDENR-DWQ-SWP
•T7�Y� '•i•r--' � 2090 U.S.HIGHWAY70
O :: SWANNANOA NC 28778 --

COMPLETE • •
■ Complete items 1,2,and 3.Also complete • Si ��' :'•fit '., 0a jlYi L.
item 4 if Restricted Delivery is desired. Agent %
Print_vntir nnma._and.addness.on the-reverse X_. ❑Addressee
North Carolina Department of led Name) C. Date of Delivery
Environment and Natural Resources
Division of Water Quality different from item 17 ❑Yes
NCDENR Surface Water Protection Section lry address below: ❑No
i 2090 U.S.Highway 70,Swannanoa,NC 28778
David N. Edwards, Jr.
Asheville Regional Airport Authority
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ulte 1 0Certified MailrRetum
press Malt
Fletcher, North Carolina 28732 egistered ReceiptforMerchandise
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4. Restricted Delivery?(Extra Fee) ❑Yes
7002 0460 0001 9899 7439
'S Form 3811.February 2004 Domestic Return RecelDt 102595-02-M-154(

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• Sender: Please print your name, address, 6nd.ZIP+4�w this,box:•
MR KEVIN BARN.M
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