WQ0037995_Complete File - Historical_20170612

ROY COOPER
u,+ncntor
MICHAEL S. REGAN
Waste Management MICHAEL SCOTT
ENVFRONMENTAL OUALITY i:lrectnr
June 12,2017
Michael Rodgers
DWR-AQUIFER PROTECTION SECTION
1636 MAIL SERVICE CENTER
RALEIGH,NORTH CAROLINA 27699-1636
RE: Base and EPA Response to the DWR Request for a Re-circulation System Closure Plan for
Non-Discharge Groundwater Remediation/Chemical Oxidation Pilot Study (WQ0037995)
Jacksonville, Onslow County,North Carolina
Dear Mr. Rogers,
The NC Superfund Section has received your email request to provide a closure plan for the Non-Discharge
Groundwater Remediation/Chemical Oxidation Pilot Study for Site WQ0037995 also known as Site 88,
Operable Unit No. 15 at Camp Lejeune, MCB Superfund Site, located in Jacksonville,NC.
I forwarded your request to the Camp Lejeune, MCB Environmental Quality Branch(EQB) and to the EPA
representative for Camp Lejeune and have included a summary of the Bases response. The EPA and
NCDEQ Superfund Section concur with the Camp Lejeune, EQB response summarized below.
The small re-recirculation system has been removed from the Site but the vertical extraction wells and the
horizontal injection well and underground piping between the two are still in place and are planned for
inclusion in the full-scale re-circulation system to be designed and built in the next few years as part of the
final remedy for the site. So, technically the system is not"closed". The full-scale Remedial Action Work
Plan will be forwarded to DWR at that time and they will have opportunity to comment and complete system
inspections during construction and operation of the system. The full-scale system will be operated for
several years until the Remedial Action Objectives(RAOs)are met in groundwater at the Site.
This system was constructed as a pilot study for a corrective action site being addressed under CERCLA
regulations. It will be incorporated into the final remedy for this CERCLA site (IR-88). As you are likely
aware, in accordance with CERCLA section 121(e),the administrative requirements for the permitting of a
non-discharge system are waived. As such,the installation is not required to submit a closure plan. Please
be aware that the NCDEQ Superfund Section will be involved in this project every step of the way, including
when the system is dismantled. At that time, we will pass along any reports we write for input from your
office.
State of North Carolina I Environmental Quality I Waste Management
1646 Mail Service Center 1217 West Jones Street I Raleigh,NC 27699-1646
919 707 8200 Telephone

If you have any questions or comments,please contact me, at(919) 707-8341 or email
[e-mail]
Sincerely,
Digitally signed by William R.
William R. McElveen_ McElveen
Date: 2017.06.15 15:11:46-04'00'
Randy McElveen
Environmental Engineer
NC Superfund Section
Cc: Dave Lown,NC Superfund Section
Charity Delaney,EMD/IR
Thomas Richard, EMD/IR
Jennifer Tufts, USEPA
Dave Cleland,NAVFAC
l
.. J

Rogers, Michael
From: Watts, Debra
Sent: Monday, June 26, 2017 12:22 PM
To: Rogers, Michael
Subject: RE: Site 88 Re-circulation System WO0037995
It's in the rules. As far as I understand,they don't need a permit but have to abide by state rules. If this is true, then
closure is required....doesn't say when.....we mostly use this when they want to rescind a permit or close out a site. We
can discuss further. Also there is another superfund we need to discuss when you get a chance. Debra
From: Rogers, Michael
Sent: Monday,June 26, 2017 10:42 AM
To: Watts, Debra <[e-mail]>
Subject: FW: Site 88 Re-circulation System WQ0037995
See attached- I am OK with them not closing out system right now, but does the waived permitting for CERCLA sites also
include closure being waived?
From: Mcelveen, Randy
Sent:Thursday,June 15, 2017 3:22 PM
To: Rogers, Michael<[e-mail]>; Hunkele, Dean<[e-mail]>; Lown, David
<[e-mail]>
Cc:Watts, Debra <[e-mail]>
Subject: RE: Site 88 Re-circulation System WQ0037995
Good afternoon Michael,
I have discussed your request for a closure report for the re-circulation system at CERCLA Site 88 on Camp Lejeune with
Base EQB and the EPA. A summary response is attached for your records.
W. Randy McElveen
Environmental Engineer
Federal Remediation Branch/Superfund Section
NC DEQ, Division of Waste Management
217 West Jones Street
1646 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1646
Phone: [phone], Email: [e-mail]
F.: --'"Nothing Compares-.
Email correspondence to and from this address is subject to the
North Carolina Public Records Law and may be disclosed to third parties.
From: Rogers, Michael
Sent: Friday, June 09, 2017 9:57 AM
To: Mcelveen, Randy<[e-mail]>; Hunkele, Dean<[e-mail]>
1

Cc:Watts, Debra <debra.wattsPncdenr.gov> •
Subject: RE:Site 88 Re-circulation System WQ0037995
Randy-
Attached is the requirements for closure of non-discharge systems. Whenever it is decided to close out the system and
abandon the wells please provide a closure plan 30 days prior. Thanks.
From: Mcelveen, Randy
Sent:Thursday,June 08, 2017 5:56 PM
To: Hunkele, Dean <[e-mail]>
Cc: Rogers, Michael <[e-mail]>
Subject:Site 88 Re-circulation System
Good afternoon Dean,
It was good talking to you today on the phone. As we discussed, Site 88 is a CERCLA Superfund Site on Camp Lejeune,
MCB in Jacksonville, NC. All CERCLA Sites are exempt from the administrative requirements of all State and Local
permitting. Michael Rogers with the UIC Section of DWR received copies of the work plans for the design and operation
of the re-circulation system at the subject site. The UIC Section of DWR completed review and concurrence with the
operation of the treatment system for contaminated groundwater at CERCLA Site 88 on Camp Lejeune, MCB. The Site is
located at the intersection of McHugh Blvd. and Post Lane Road and also near the intersection of McHugh and Virginia
Dare Dr. The Site was originally an on-site dry-cleaner facility that dumped PCE down the drains of the facility. The dry-
cleaning solvent chemical PCE, degrades to TCE, 1,2 DCE,VC, and then to CO2 and ethylene upon full effective
treatment.
The Dry-Cleaner Building was demolished in 2004 in preparation for treatment of the contaminated soil below the floor-
slab. The re-circulation system Pilot Study was completed to evaluate the effectiveness of injecting a Potassium
Permanganate solution through a horizontal injection well (1600 feet long with a 500 feet long screened interval) while
extracting groundwater 200 feet downgradient of the horizontal injection well to accelerate the distribution of the
oxidant into the solvent plume. The extracted groundwater was pumped back to the batch treatment plant and used to
mix with fresh permanganate and then reinjected into the solvent plume through the horizontal well. The re-circulation
system was operated for approximately 65 days and started in Late September 2015. The re-circulation system Pilot
Study was completed in December 2015 and dismantled in spring 2016. The only thing that remains of the system is the
horizontal injection well and 3 vertical extraction wells.
I have attached a schematic and photos of the treatment system from my overview of the work. If you would like any
other details please give me a call.
W. Randy McElveen
Environmental Engineer
Federal Remediation Branch/Superfund Section
NC DEQ, Division of Waste Management
217 West Jones Street
1646 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1646
Phone: [phone], Email: [e-mail]
"`, Matt ing Compares ..�,
2

-- 10111111
Email correspondence to and from this address is subject to the
North Carolina Public Records Law and may be disclosed to third parties.
•
•

Central Files: APS SWP
8/31/2015
Permit Number WQ0037995 Permit Tracking Slip
Program Category Status Project Type
Non-discharge Active New Project
Permit Type Version Permit Classification
Groundwater Remediation 1.00 Individual
Primary Reviewer Permit Contact Affiliation
michael.rogers Randy McElveen
Coastal SWRule Engineer Env II
Dwm-Superfund Section
Raleigh NC 27699
Permitted Flow
Facility
Facility Name Major/Minor Region
USMC Camp Lejeune Operable Unit 15 Site 88 Minor Wilmington
Location Address County
Se Corner Of McHugh Blvd Virgina Dare Dr Onslow
Facility Contact Affiliation
Camp Lejeune NC 28542
Owner
Owner Name Owner Type
Commanding Officer Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune Government-Federal
Owner Affiliation
Neal Paul -
1005 Michael Rd
Dates/Events Camp Lejeune NC 28547252
Scheduled
Orig Issue App Received Draft Initiated Issuance Public Notice Issue Effective Expiration
8/24/2015 8/18/2015 8/24/2015 8/24/2015
Regulated Activities Requested/Received Events
Groundwater remediation
Outfall
Waterbody Name StreamIndex Number Current Class Subbasin

AVA
NCDENR
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Pat McCrory Donald R. van der Vaart
Governor
Secretary
August 25,2015
Randy McElveen, Environmental Engineer II
Superfund Section,Federal Remediation Branch
Division of Waste Management
1646 Mail Service Center
Raleigh,NC 27699
•
RE: USMC Camp Lejeune Operable Unit#15, Site 88
Non-Discharge Groundwater Remediation/Bioreactor Pilot Study
Letter of Consent to Inject(WQ0037995)
Dear Mr.McElveen:
The Underground Injection Control(UIC)Program has reviewed the above referenced pilot study application
received on August 18,2015 (bound copy)and additional information received August 25, 2015. The proposed
injection project as presented in the work plan meets relevant state regulatory requirements(15A NCAC
2T.1600)for construction and operation of a closed-loop groundwater remediation system.
Due to the site's coverage under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation,and Liability Act
(CERCLA), the state's administrative permitting requirements have been waived for this project. However,
please submit a technical report summarizing the project and monitoring data upon completion of the injection
project. Please use the unique permit number assigned to this project-WQ0037995—when submitting this
report.
Please contact me at 919-807-6406 or [e-mail] if you have any questions regarding this
letter or the UIC Program.
Best Regards,
/4/1"e"
Michael Rogers,P.G.(NC &F )
Hydrogeologist
Division of Water Resources
Water Quality Regional Operations Section
cc: Jim Gregson and Morella Sanchez-King, WQROS—Wilmington Regional Office •
Central Office File, WQ0037995
Jessica High,CH2M Hill, Inc., 3120 Highwoods Blvd., Suite 214, Raleigh,NC 27604
•
1636 Mail Service Center,Raleigh,North Carolina 27699-1636
Phone:[phone]\Internet http://www.ncwater.org
An Equal Opportunity 1 Affirmative Action Employer—Made in part by recycled paper

Rogers, Michael
From: [e-mail]
Sent: Wednesday, August 26, 2015 3:09 PM
To: Rogers, Michael
Subject: RE: WQ0037995 USMC Camp Lejeune Operable Unit 15 Site 88
Much'appreciated!
Jessica M. High, PE*
Environmental Engineer 3
D 1 704 543 3263
M 1 864 650 7467
CH2M
Cullman Park Building
14120 Ballantyne Corporate Place Suite 200 Charlotte, NC, 28277 www.ch2m.com Linkedln Twitter j Facebook
*Licensed in North Carolina (CH2M HILL, Inc.)
Original Message
From: Rogers, Michael [mailto:[e-mail]]
Sent: Wednesday, August 26,2015 3:06 PM
To: High,Jessica/CLT
Subject: FW:WQ0037995 USMC Camp Lejeune Operable Unit 15 Site 88
FYI.
Original Message
From: Rogers, Michael
Sent: Tuesday,August 25, 2015 5:00 PM
To: Mcelveen, Randy
Subject: FW: WQ0037995 USMC Camp Lejeune Operable Unit 15 Site 88
Please find attached the Letter of Consent for the above referenced project.
Original Message
From: Michael Rogers [mailto:[e-mail]]
Sent:Tuesday,August 25, 2015 4:23 PM
To: Rogers, Michael
Subject:
This E-mail was sent from "RNPAC7DDO" (Aficio 2075).
Scan Date: 08.25.2015 16:23:26 (-0400)
Queries to: [e-mail]
i

Rogers, Michael
From: Mcelveen, Randy
Sent: Tuesday, August 25, 2015 11:02 AM
To: Rogers, Michael
Subject: RE: Non -Discharge Permit Waiver Request, Permanganate Tracer Study W00037995
From the Work Plan;
"The target depth of the HDD injection well was selected to optimize degradation of COCs within the deeper
subsurface MCH aquifer (75 to 115 feet bgs) (Figures 3-2 through 3-4)-. The target depth for the HDD injection well
was chosen to be 100 feet bgs since existing monitoring wells are screened at this depth, which will allow for an
independent assessment of permanganate distribution in the subsurface and to verify geophysical mapping results.
Samples collected from the existing monitoring well network will be inspected visually for changes in color and also
field -analyzed for detectable concentrations of the tracers (permanganate and chloride). Please note that the
cross-section illustrated on Figure 3-4.is slightly upgradient and therefore portrays the plume shallower than it is
along the injection transect as presented on Figure 3-3."
The length of,the HDD injection well screened interval was selected to be 500 feet, based on the results of the
most -recent site -wide groundwater sampling conducted in October 2014 (Figure 3-2). The casing at the
proximal end (header section) will be approximately 625 feet, to achieve the target depth of 100 feet bgs and
position the wellhead near the tracer study equipment compound and directional drill rig staging area. The
proximal end wellhead will be completed in a 24-inch x 60-inch access manway, set in a concrete apron. The
casing at the distal end (tail section) will be approximately 450 feet long, existing in a grassy area at the
southern end of the site. The distal end wellhead will be completed in a temporary 24-inch x 24-inch access
manway, to be removed after the tracer study is completed, and subsequently direct buried such that it can
be re -accessed if needed during implementation of the remedial action."
W. Randy McElveen
Environmental Engineer
Federal Remediation Branch/Superfund Section
NCDENR, Division of Waste Management
217 West Jones Street
1646 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1646
Phone: [phone], Email: [e-mail]
E-mail correspondence to and from this address may be subject to the North Carolina Public Records Law and may be
disclosed to third parties unless the content is exempt by statute or other regulation.
INTERACTIVE MAPS WITH DWM SITES AND PERMITTED FACILITIES:
http://Portal.ncdenr.org/web/wm/gis/maps
ONLINE ACCESS TO SUPERFUND SECTION DOCUMENTS:
http://Porta1.ncdenr.org/web/wm/sf-file-records
From: Rogers, Michael
Sent: Tuesday, August 25, 2015 9:51 AM
To: Mcelveen, Randy
Subject: RE: Non -Discharge Permit Waiver Request, Permanganate Tracer Study WQ0037995

Rogers, Michael
From: Mcelveen, Randy
Sent: Tuesday, August 25, 2015 10:21 AM
To: Rogers, Michael
Subject: RE: Non-Discharge Permit Waiver Request, Permanganate Tracer Study W00037995
Attachments: Site 88_Tracer Study_Plan&HDD Fig.pdf
I'm not sure which figures were in the permit application. The plans and figures attached may help. The horizontal well
is proposed at around 95 feet below ground surface (bgs) in the highest plume COC concentrations and the vertical
extraction/recirculation wells are around 100 feet bgs.
W. Randy McElveen
Environmental Engineer
Federal Remediation Branch/Superfund Section
NCDENR, Division of Waste Management
217 West Jones Street
1646 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1646
Phone: [phone], Email: [e-mail]
E-mail correspondence to and from this address may be subject to the North Carolina Public Records Law and may be
disclosed to third parties unless the content is exempt by statute or other regulation.
INTERACTIVE MAPS WITH DWM SITES AND PERMITTED FACILITIES:
http://portal.ncdenr.org/web/wm/gis/maps
ONLINE ACCESS TO SUPERFUND SECTION DOCUMENTS:
http://portal.ncdenr.org/web/wm/sf-file-records
From: Rogers, Michael
Sent: Tuesday, August 25, 2015 9:51 AM
To: Mcelveen, Randy
Subject: RE: Non-Discharge Permit Waiver Request, Permanganate Tracer Study WQ0037995
I saw that in the report, but it looks like a plan view, not a cross-section showing the depths of the wells in relation to
land surface and-riser/screen below ground. But I'll go ahead and use this. Thanks.
•
From: Mcelveen, Randy
Sent: Tuesday, August 25, 2015 9:42 AM
To: Rogers, Michael
Subject: RE: Non-Discharge Permit Waiver Request, Permanganate Tracer Study WQ0037995
Good morning Michael,
Attached is a copy of the Schematic for the proposed injection/extraction system. If I can further assist in any way
please let me know.
Thanks,
W. Randy McElveen
Environmental Engineer
Federal Remediation Branch/Superfund Section -
1

NCDENR, Division of Waste Management
217 West Jones Street
1646 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1646
Phone: [phone], Email: [e-mail]
E-mail correspondence to and from this address may be subject to the North Carolina Public Records Law and may be
disclosed to third parties unless the content is exempt by statute or other regulation.
INTERACTIVE MAPS WITH DWM SITES AND PERMITTED FACILITIES:
http://portal.ncdenr.org/web/wm/gis/maps
ONLINE ACCESS TO SUPERFUND SECTION DOCUMENTS:
http://portal.ncdenr.org/web/wm/sf-file-records
•
From: Rogers, Michael
Sent: Monday, August 24, 2015 4:22 PM
To: Mcelveen, Randy
Subject: RE: Non-Discharge Permit Waiver Request, Permanganate Tracer Study WQ0037995
Randy-
We received the FINAL Permanganate Tracer Study Work Plan for Operable Unit 15, Site 88. A couple of things:
Would it be possible to get a schematic of the proposed injection/extraction system?
The application was only signed by CHM2 Hill. Could a representative with the base sign it, or can we get a letter
authorizing CH2M Hill to sign as agent?
Thanks
From: Mcelveen, Randy
Sent: Thursday, August 06, 2015 2:43 PM
To: Rogers, Michael
Cc: Shire, Ebonee
Subject: RE: Non-Discharge Permit Waiver Request, Permanganate Tracer Study
Michael,
I have attached an electronic copy of the Appendix D NCDENR Non-Discharge Groundwater Remediation Permit
Application Form for information purposes in order to make the DWR review as normal as possible. The base revised
the injection well material type and have made several changes to the original proposed injection work. So, please
disregard the original information that we sent to you regarding the non-discharge injection permit we sent to you in
June. I am also including a Superfund Section Permit Waiver request letter for this injection work.
However, I will mail out 2 hard copies of the non-discharge groundwater remediation Permit Application and
appropriate Figures and Tables as you requested on Monday for your review, as well.
Thank you,
W. Randy McElveen
Environmental Engineer
Federal Remediation Branch/Superfund Section
NCDENR, Division of Waste Management
217 West Jones Street
2

Rogers, Michael
From: Mcelveen, Randy
Sent: Monday, August 24, 2015 4:38 PM
To: Rogers, Michael
Subject: RE: Non-Discharge Permit Waiver Request, Permanganate Tracer Study WQ0037995
•
Good afternoon Michael,
We don't sign the applications since they are for information only. I am asking for any feedback you think is important
and if appropriate and concurrence on the injection process, details.
I'll check with the CH2M on the schematic of the proposed injection/extraction system.
W. Randy McElveen
Environmental Engineer
Federal Remediation Branch/Superfund Section
NCDENR, Division of Waste Management
217 West Jones Street
1646 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1646
Phone: [phone], Email: [e-mail]
E-mail correspondence to and from this address may be subject to the North Carolina Public Records Law and may be
disclosed to third parties unless the content is exempt by statute or other regulation.
INTERACTIVE MAPS WITH DWM SITES AND PERMITTED FACILITIES:
http://portal.ncdenr.org/web/wm/gis/maps
ONLINE ACCESS TO SUPERFUND SECTION DOCUMENTS:
http://portal.ncdenr.org/web/wm/sf-file-records
From: Rogers, Michael
Sent: Monday, August 24, 2015 4:22 PM
To: Mcelveen, Randy
Subject: RE: Non-Discharge Permit Waiver Request, Permanganate Tracer Study WQ0037995
Randy-
We received the FINAL Permanganate Tracer Study Work Plan for Operable Unit 15,Site 88. A couple of things:
Would it be.possible to get a schematic of the proposed injection/extraction system?
The application was only signed by CHM2 Hill. Could a representative with the base sign it, or can we get a letter
authorizing CH2M Hill to sign as agent?
Thanks
From: Mcelveen, Randy
Sent: Thursday, August 06, 2015 2:43 PM
To: Rogers, Michael
•

Cc: Shire, Ebonee
Subject:RE: Non-Discharge Permit Waiver Request, Permanganate Tracer Study
Michael,
I have attached an electronic copy of the Appendix D NCDENR Non-Discharge Groundwater Remediation Permit
Application Form for information purposes in order to make the DWR review as normal as possible. The base revised
the injection well material type and have made several changes to the original proposed injection work. So, please
disregard the original information that we sent to you regarding the non-discharge injection permit we sent to you in
June. I am also including a Superfund Section Permit Waiver request letter for this injection work.
However, I will mail out 2 hard copies of the non-discharge groundwater remediation Permit Application and.
appropriate Figures and Tables as you requested on Monday for your review, as well.
Thank you,
W. Randy McElveen
Environmental Engineer
Federal Remediation Branch/Superfund Section
NCDENR, Division of Waste Management
217 West Jones Street
1646 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1646
Phone: [phone], Email: [e-mail]
E-mail correspondence to and from this address may be subject to the North Carolina Public Records Law and may be
disclosed to third parties unless the content is exempt by statute or other regulation..
From: Mcelveen, Randy
Sent: Tuesday, June 30, 2015 1:51 PM
To: Rogers, Michael
Cc: Shire, Ebonee
Subject: RE: Non-Discharge Permit Waiver Request, Permanganate Tracer Study
Michael,
Attached is a revised copy of the Permanganate Tracer Study Work Plan for Site 88 at Camp Lejeune, MCB:
Thank you for your assistance in this process,
W. Randy McElveen
Environmental Engineer
217 West Jones Street
1646 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1646
Phone: [phone], Email: [e-mail]
E-mail correspondence to and from this address may be subject to the North Carolina Public Records Law and may be
disclosed to third parties.
From: Mcelveen, Randy
Sent: Tuesday, June 30, 2015 1:46 PM
To: Rogers, Michael
Cc: Shire, Ebonee
Subject: Non-Discharge Permit Waiver Request, Permanganate Tracer Study
Michael,
2

Rogers, Michael
From: Rogers, Michael
Sent: Monday, August 24, 2015 4:22 PM
To: Mcelveen, Randy
Subject: RE: Non-Discharge Permit Waiver Request, Permanganate Tracer Study WO0037995
Randy-
We received the FINAL Permanganate Tracer Study Work Plan for Operable Unit 15, Site 88. A couple of things:
Would it be possible to get a schematic of the proposed injection/extraction system?
The application was only signed by CHM2 Hill. Could a representative with the base sign it, or can we get a letter
authorizing CH2M Hill to sign as agent?
Thanks
From: Mcelveen, Randy
Sent: Thursday, August 06, 2015 2:43 PM
To: Rogers, Michael
Cc: Shire, Ebonee
Subject: RE: Non-Discharge Permit Waiver Request, Permanganate Tracer Study
Michael,
I have attached an electronic copy of the Appendix D NCDENR Non-Discharge Groundwater Remediation Permit
Application Form for information purposes in order to make the DWR review as normal as possible. The base revised
the injection well material type and have made several changes to the original proposed injection work. So, please
disregard the original information that we sent to you regarding the non-discharge injection permit we sent to you in
June. I am also including a Superfund Section Permit Waiver request letter for this injection work.
However, I will mail out 2 hard copies of the non-discharge groundwater remediation Permit Application and
appropriate Figures and Tables as you requested on Monday for your review, as well.
Thank you,
W. Randy McElveen
Environmental Engineer
Federal Remediation Branch/Superfund Section
NCDENR, Division of Waste Management
217 West Jones Street
1646 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1646
Phone: [phone], Email: [e-mail]
E-mail correspondence to and from this address may be subject to the North Carolina Public Records Law and may be
disclosed to third parties unless the content is exempt by statute or other regulation..
From: Mcelveen, Randy
Sent: Tuesday, June 30, 2015 1:51 PM
To: Rogers, Michael
Cc: Shire, Ebonee
Subject: RE: Non-Discharge Permit Waiver Request, Permanganate Tracer Study
1

Michael,
Attached is a revised copy of the Permanganate Tracer Study Work Plan for Site 88 at Camp Lejeune, MCB.
Thank you for your assistance in this process,
W. Randy McElveen
Environmental Engineer
217 West Jones Street
1646 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1646
Phone:[phone], Email: [e-mail]
E-mail correspondence to and from this address may be subject to the North Carolina Public Records Law and may be
disclosed to third parties.
From: Mcelveen, Randy
Sent: Tuesday, June 30, 2015 1:46 PM
To: Rogers, Michael
Cc: Shire, Ebonee
Subject: Non-Discharge Permit Waiver Request, Permanganate Tracer Study
Michael,
Attached is the Non-Discharge Permit Application Form along with the Permit Waiver request for the CERCLA Site
exemption process for the Permanganate Tracer Study Site (Site 88) at Camp Lejeune. I will also forward a revised copy
of the Permanganate Tracer Study Work Plan for Site 88 in a separate email. As you know,the Work Plan contains the
reference Figures and Tables for the Non-Discharge Permit Application Form. I will follow this up with a hard copy of the
same.
W. Randy McElveen
Environmental Engineer
217 West Jones Street •
1646 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1646
Phone: [phone], Email: [e-mail]
E-mail correspondence to and from this address may be subject to the North Carolina Public Records Law and may be
disclosed to third parties.
•

•
Rogers, Michael
From: Mcelveen, Randy
Sent: Thursday, August 06, 2015 2:43 PM
To: Rogers, Michael
Cc: Shire, Ebonee
Subject: RE: Non-Discharge Permit Waiver Request, Permanganate Tracer Study •
Attachments: Site 88 Rev. UIC Permit Waiver Ltr.docx; Final Non-Discharge Permit Info., Waiver.pdf
•
Michael,
I have attached an electronic copy of the Appendix D NCDENR Non-Discharge Groundwater Remediation Permit
Application Form for information purposes in order to make the DWR review as normal as possible. The base revised
the injection well material type and have made several changes to the original proposed injection work. So, please
disregard the original information that we sent to you regarding the non-discharge injection permit we sent to you in
June. I am also including a Superfund Section Permit Waiver request letter for this injection work.
However, I will mail out 2 hard copies of the non-discharge groundwater remediation Permit Application and
appropriate Figures and Tables as you requested on Monday for your review, as well.
Thank you,
W. Randy McElveen
Environmental Engineer
Federal Remediation Branch/Superfund Section
NCDENR, Division of Waste Management
217 West Jones Street
1646 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1646
Phone: [phone], Email: [e-mail]
E-mail correspondence to and from this address may be subject to the North Carolina Public Records Law and may be
disclosed to third parties unless the content is exempt by statute or other regulation..
From: Mcelveen, Randy
Sent: Tuesday,June 30, 2015 1:51 PM •
To: Rogers, Michael
Cc: Shire, Ebonee
Subject: RE: Non-Discharge Permit Waiver Request, Permanganate Tracer Study
Michael,
Attached is a revised copy of the Permanganate Tracer Study Work Plan for Site 88 at Camp Lejeune, MCB.
Thank you for your assistance in this process,
W. Randy McElveen
Environmental Engineer
217 West Jones Street
1646 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1646
Phone: [phone], Email: [e-mail]
E-mail correspondence to and from this address may be subject to the North Carolina Public Records Law and may be
disclosed to third parties.
1

From: Mcelveen, Randy •
Sent: Tuesday, June 30, 2015 1:46 PM
To: Rogers, Michael
Cc: Shire, Ebonee
Subject: Non-Discharge Permit Waiver Request, Permanganate Tracer Study
Michael,
Attached is the Non-Discharge Permit Application Form along with the Permit Waiver request for the CERCLA Site
exemption process for the Permanganate Tracer Study Site (Site 88) at Camp Lejeune. I will also forward a revised copy
of the Permanganate Tracer Study Work Plan for Site 88 in a separate email. As you know,the Work Plan contains the
reference Figures and Tables for the Non-Discharge Permit Application Form. I will follow this up with a hard copy of the
same.
W. Randy McElveen
Environmental-Engineer
217 West Jones Street
1646 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1646
Phone: [phone], Email: [e-mail]
E-mail correspondence to and from this address may be subject to the North Carolina Public Records Law and may be
disclosed to third parties.
2

p/Z v) QS fork e)Qs w^-
Rogers, Michael e 0 0 c S��JI/ � f�/S 3� �'' �,✓
I
From: Mcelveen, Randy
Sent: Tuesday, June 30, 2015 1:55 PM
To: Rogers, Michael
Cc: Shire, Ebonee
Subject: RE: Non-Discharge Permit Waiver Request, Permanganate Tracer Study
Attachments: Draft_Site 88_Tracer Study_WP_052215.pdf
Michael,
Attached is revised c py of the Permanganate Tracer Study Work Plan for Site 88 at Camp Lejeune, MCB.
Thank you for your assistance in this process,
W. Randy McElveen
Environmental Engineer
217 West Jones Street
1646 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1646
Phone: [phone], Email: [e-mail]
E-mail correspondence to and from this address may be subject to the North Carolina Public Records Law and may be
disclosed to third parties.
From: Mcelveen, Randy
Sent: Tuesday, June 30, 2015 1:46 PM
To: Rogers, Michael
Cc: Shire, Ebonee
Subject: Non-Discharge Permit Waiver Request, Permanganate Tracer Study
Michael, 6L7 o azteA-4e- /dyPJ
Attached is the Non-Discharge Permit Application Form along with tile Permit Waiver request for the CERCLA Site
exemption process for the Permanganate Tracer Study Site (Site 88) at Camp Lejeune. I will also forward a revised copy
of the Permanganate Tracer Study Work Plan for Site 88 in a separate email. As you know, the Work Plan contains the
reference Figures and Tables for the Non-Discharge Permit Application Form. I will follow this up with a hard copy of the
same.
W. Randy McElveen
Environmental Engineer
217 West Jones Street
1646 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1646
Phone: [phone], Email: [e-mail]
E-mail correspondence to and from this address may be subject to the North Carolina Public Records Law and may be
disclosed to third parties.

w Q oO 3 ?-S
ATA
NCDENR
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Pat McCrory Donald R. van der Vaart
Governor Secretary
14 August 2015 RFCEIVEDIDENRIDWR
Mr. Michael Rogers AUG 1 $ ?.015
UIC Program Manager
Aquifer Protection Program 4 Re ion,
.afar Quality� 9 -
1636 Mail Service Center r,�ratt^ttS .-)ectl�n
Raleigh,NC 27699-1636
Reference: Operable Unit#15, Site 88, Source Groundwater Plume In-Situ Injection
Permanganate Tracer Study,MCB, Camp Lejeune,NC, CERCLA Verification
Dear Mr. Rogers,
This letter is to certify that the Source Groundwater Plume In-Situ Injection Permanganate Tracer
Study being conducted at Operable Unit#15, Site 88 at Camp Lejeune, MCB, Superfund Site
located in Jacksonville,NC is being conducted under the CERCLA program. Per N.C.G.S.
130A.310(e), "For any removal or remedial action conducted entirely on-site under this Part, to the
extent that a permit would not be required under 42 U.S.C. § 9621(e)for a removal or remedial
action conducted entirely on-site under CERCLA/SARA,the Secretary may grant a waiver from
any State or local law or rule that requires that an environmental permit be obtained from the
Department." Per this statute,MCB Camp Lejeune would like to obtain a Letter of Consent to
Inject, for this pilot study,rather than a Class 5I UIC Permit. I concur with this request. Two
copies of the Class 5I UIC Permit application are included with this letter. I will also forward a
copy of the Completion Report to provide the results when the work is complete.
If you have any questions or need any additional information please contact me at(919) 707-8341.
Sincerely,
Randy McElveen
Environmental Engineer II
Superfund Section, Federal Remediation Branch
NCDENR
cc: Dave Cleland,NAVFAC Mid-LANT
Charity Delaney, EQB/EMD,MCB Camp Lejeune,
Kristin Brickman, CH2MHill
1646 Mail Service Center,Raleigh,North Carolina 27699-1646
Phone:[phone]\Internet:http://portal.ncdenr.org/web/wm
An Equal Opportunity 1 Affirmative Action Employer-Made in part by recycled paper

� oo3 6\ s�
Final
Permanganate Tracer Study
Work Plan
Site 88, Operable Unit 15
Marine Corps Installations East — Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune
North Carolina
Contract Task Order WE6A
August 2015
Prepared for
Department of the Navy ECEIVED/DENR/DWR
Naval Facilities Engineering Command AUG 1 8 2015
Mid-Atlantic
"' ter Quality Regional
-operations Sectar„•n
Under the
NAVFAC CLEAN 8012 Program
Contract N62470-11-D-8012
Prepared by
CH2M H I LLAro `,, GARssio
,,,,�,
-•
CH2M HILL, Inc. _�C:c0 p►1 e ;
14120 Ballantyne Corporate Place, Suite 200 s; a.te S3,409
Charlotte, North Carolina _�
NC Engineering License#F-0699 ‘�.

Contents
Acronyms and Abbreviations v
1 Introduction 1-1
2 Site Background 2-1
2.1 Site Description and Background 2-1
2.2 Tracer Study Location 2-2
2.3 Geology 2-2
2.4 Hydrogeology 2-2
2.5 Groundwater Quality 2-3
3 Tracer Study Basis of Design 3-1
3.1 Tracer Study Objectives 3-1
3.2 Technology Description 3-1
3.2.1 In-Situ Chemical Oxidation 3-1
3.2.2 Horizontal Injection Wells 3-1
3.2.3 Extraction/Recirculation System 3-2
3.2.4 Geophysical Mapping 3-2
3.3 Location and Layout 3-2
3.4 Horizontal Well Injection System Design 3-3
3.4.1 Horizontal Injection Well Screen Design 3-3
3.4.2 Horizontal Injection Well Design 3-4
3.5 Permanganate Injection Design and Dosing 3-4
3.6 Extraction/Recirculation System Design 3-5
3.6.1 Hydraulic Capture Zone Calculations 3-5
3.6.2 Extraction Well Submersible Pump Head Loss Calculations 3-5
4 Implementation 4-1
4.1 NCDENR Underground Injection Control Permit 4-1
4.2 Site Preparation 4-1
4.2.1 Drilling Area Preparation 4-1
4.2.2 Preliminary Centerline Survey 4-2
4.2.3 Utility Location 4-2
4.3 HDD Injection Well Installation 4-2
4.3.1 Installation Methods 4-2
4.3.2 Development and Completion 4-3
4.4 Extraction/Recirculation System Installation 4-3
4.4.1 Extraction Well Installation 4-3
4.4.2 Utility Bore Drilling and Conveyance Line Installation 4-4
4.4.3 Extraction/Recirculation System Completion 4-5
4.5 Phase I Permanganate Injections 4-5
4.6 Phase II Extraction/Recirculation System Operation 4-6
4.7 Permanganate Distribution Monitoring 4-6
4.7.1 Groundwater Sampling 4-6
4.7.2 Geophysical Mapping 4-6
4.8 As-built Survey 4-7
4.9 Performance Monitoring 4-7
4.10 Site Restoration 4-8
5 Reporting 5-1
EN0521151022CLT iii

PERMANGANATE TRACER STUDY WORK PLAN,SITE 88,OPERABLE UNIT 15 •
6 References 6-1
Appendixes
A Analytical Data Tables
B Baseline Geophysical Mapping Technical Memorandum
C HDD Injection Well Screen Design Package
D NCDENR Non-Discharge Groundwater Remediation Permit Application Form
E Safety Data Sheets
Tables
2-1 Site 88 Site Description and Background
2-2 Well Construction Details and Groundwater Elevations
2-3 Tracer Study Area cVOC COC Concentrations
3-1 Tracer Study Design Summary
3-2 HDD Injection Well Specifications
3-3 Estimated Hydraulic Capture Zone
3-4 Estimated Extraction/Recirculation System Head Loss Calculations
4-1 Vertical Extraction Well Specifications
4-2 Tracer Distribution Sampling Summary
5-1 Waste Management
Figures
1-1 Base Location Map
1-2 Site Location Map
1-3 Site Topographic Map
2-1 Conceptual Site Model
2-2 Site Map
2-3 Geologic Cross Section Location Map
2-4 Geologic Cross Section A-A'
2-5 Geologic Cross Section D-D'
2-6 Middle Castle Hayne Aquifer Potentiometric Surface
2-7 Approximate Extent of PCE Exceedances in the MCH Aquifer(75-115 ft bgs)
2-8 Approximate Extent of TCE Exceedances in the MCH Aquifer(75-115 ft bgs)
2-9 Approximate Extent of cis-1,2-DCE Exceedances in the MCH Aquifer(75-115 ft bgs)
2-10 Approximate Extent of VC Exceedances in the MCH Aquifer(75-115 ft bgs)
3-1 Tracer Study Conceptual Layout—Phase I
3-2 Tracer Study Conceptual Layout and PCE Isoconcentrations—Phase I
3-3 Geologic Cross Section A-A',Tetrachloroethene Concentrations,and Conceptual Layout
3-4 Geologic Cross Section D-D',Tetrachloroethene Concentrations,and Conceptual Layout
3-5 Tracer Study Conceptual Layout—Phase II
3-6 Tracer Study Conceptual Layout and PCE Isoconcentrations—Phase II
4-1 Project Schedule
4-2 Process Flow Diagram
iv EN0521151022CLT

Acronyms and Abbreviations
µg/L micrograms per liter
2012 Draft FS Draft Feasibility Study,Site 88, Operable Unit No. 15, Marine Corps Base, Camp Lejeune,
Jacksonville, North Carolina
AST aboveground storage tank
bgs below ground surface
CLEAN Comprehensive Long-term Environmental Action—Navy
COC contaminant of concern
COPC contaminant of potential concern
CSM conceptual site model
CTO Contract Task Order
cVOC chlorinated volatile organic compound
DCE dichloroethene
DNAPL dense non-aqueous phase liquid
DOT Department of Transportation
DWR Division of Water Resources
DWQ Department of Water Quality
EVO emulsified vegetable oil
FRE fiberglass reinforced epoxy
FS Feasibility Study
g/kg grams per kilogram
gpm gallons per minute
HDD horizontal directional drilled
HDPE high density polyethylene
HSP Health and Safety Plan
ID identification
IDW investigation-derived waste
ISCO in situ chemical oxidation
LCH lower Castle Hayne
MCIEAST—MCB CAMLEJ Marine Corps Installations East—Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune
MCH middle Castle Hayne
mg/L milligrams per liter
msl mean sea level
NAVFAC Naval Facilities Engineering Command
NCAC North Carolina Administrative Code
NCDENR North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
NCGWQS North Carolina Groundwater Quality Standard
NPT national pipe thread
NTCRA non-time-critical removal action
OU Operable Unit
PCE tetrachloroethene
PNOD permanganate natural oxidant demand
EN0521151022CLT

PERMANGANATE TRACER STUDY WORK PLAN,SITE 88,OPERABLE UNIT 15
PPE personal protective equipment
psi pounds per square inch
PVC polyvinyl chloride
RCRA Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
RI remedial investigation
ROI radius of influence
SDS safety data sheets
TCE trichioroethene
UCH upper Castle Hayne
UIC underground injection control
ULOCO North Carolina One Call Center
USEPA United States Environmental Protection Agency
UST underground storage tank
VC vinyl chloride
VI vapor intrusion
VOC volatile organic compound
WMP Waste Management Plan
WP Work Plan
wt weight
ZVI zero valent iron
•
vi EN0521151022CLT

SECTION 1
1 Introduction
This document presents the Permanganate Tracer Study Work Plan (WP)for Operable Unit (OU) 15, Site 88
(hereinafter referred to as the Site), located at Marine Corps Installations East—Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune
(MCIEAST—MCB CAMLEJ), North Carolina (Figures 1-1 through 1-3).This WP was prepared under the Naval Facilities
Engineering Command (NAVFAC) — Comprehensive Long-Term Environmental Action—Navy(CLEAN)8012 Contract
N62470-11-D-8012,Contract Task Order(CTO)WE6A.
The Draft Feasibility Study, Site 88, Operable Unit No. 15, Marine Corps Base, Camp Lejeune,Jacksonville, North
Carolina(2012 Draft FS) identified in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) through injection of permanganate via
horizontal directionally drilled (HDD) wells as one of the more promising alternatives available for groundwater
treatment based on site conditions (CH2M HILL, 2012).This tracer study is being conducted to evaluate the
technical feasibility of permanganate distribution through a HDD injection well and to evaluate if extraction and
recirculation will enhance the distribution of permanganate effectively in the middle Castle Hayne(MCH)aquifer
to refine design parameters and alternative comparisons in support of the Draft Final FS.The purpose of this WP
is to present the technical approach for implementing the permanganate tracer study.
This WP is organized as follows:
• Section 1, Introduction — Presents a general overview of the project and contents of the WP.
• Section 2,Site Background —Summarizes the general site background and description of Site 88 and the
tracer study area.
• Section 3,Tracer Study Basis of Design — Provides an overview of the tracer study objectives and design
basis, including the key features influencing the approach,the rationale for selection,the conceptual location
and layout, and design elements.
• Section 4, Implementation — Details how the tracer study will be implemented, including the site-specific
requirements and constraints for construction.
• Section 5, Reporting— Describes the reporting that will occur for the tracer study.
• Section 6, References — Provides the references used in this document.
Tables are provided either within their respective section or at the end of the section and all figures are provided
at the end of each section.
DWR
g2015
v,Irer Quality Etegiarlat
`_);-�eratiofs Sect
EN052I151022CLT 1-1

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I. CH2MHILL

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Figure 2-1
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4 CH2MHILL,
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1 >+ IR88cMW551W IR88-MW33DW �•.
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= IR88-MW57IW
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{ - N iIR88-MW47DW3 t.. V 4` GINIA-
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s 36 A IR88-IW02 43D IR88 MWOSIW
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r IR88=IW07` IR88-MW28 . IR8 -
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‘ IR88-MW321W / 1 IR88-MW181W IR88-MW301W
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115 ' ' • *, (1717=72 "'• IR88-MW18DW IR88 MW26
IR88-MW32DW ,. IR88-MW18DW2 IR88-MW25 IR88-MW17DW E
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r
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., •- 236 .-- -_ - IR88-MW42DW2 - HP55
.ifRi r. IR88-MW36DW 60 -
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r
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00
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Legend Figure 2-3
® Injection Well Surface Water Centerline Geologic Cross-Section Location Map
Monitoring Well Locations Proposed Horizontal Well Screen (500 feet) N Site 88 Tracer Study
i Surficial Aquifer — Proposed Horizontal Well Casing (625+450 feet) MCIEAST-M B CAMLEJ
+ Upper Castle Hayne Aquifer 4-4' Geologic Cross-Section 0 100 200 400
) Middle Castle Hayne Aquifer Tracer Study Area Ilm16 Feet
North Carolina
OO Lower Castle Hayne Aquifer I=1 Former Building 25
® Multi-Port Site 88 Boundary 1 inch = 200 feet
till I:F17N1,.,,
1

A West— East A'
—40 co —40
0mmm
0 N N p 2 p 2 (DC DCDDCCDDCCDD o0 000 ��� ��X
�� �� ��� N v M 1.7
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wb
ro oo ao 2 M M co co 0o ao m ao eo m ao ao
ca 0 t CPA_ . ao co ao m co co CO 00 CO CO CO m o m
m oo= co co o co co ._
0
.::i: 71:: ffiiiiiiiiiiiiiii:.iii:.i:.:.:.iii:i:i!i! !:. . 7,,,..::: ;.::: !::.::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: . ::::.': :: ::iii:::::::: :: iii iih...7: :: ::1::ffi,:. ,:.7::::::: ::::::::::::::: :::::-H:H,::,:i .:,,,,L,L,:.,_::,
+ — — --'-40 — --40
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w
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o
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TT
--160 --160
—-200 ---200
I I I I I I I I I I I I I I
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600
Distance in Feet from A to A'
Figure 2-4
Legend - Note: Geologic Cross Section A-A'
Cla Silt 1.The depth and thickness of the subsurface Site 88 Tracer Study
y strata indicated on this section(profile)were MCIEAST-MCB CAMLEJ
Fossiliferous Sand f Silt Clay generalized from and interpolated between North Carolina
test locations. Information on actual
Horizontal:1"=200' subsurface conditions applies only to the
Cemented Sand * Screened Interval Vertical:1"=40' specific locations and dates indicated.
V.E.=10x Subsurface conditions and water levels at
Sand water Table Elevation I other locations may differ from conditions1111, CH2MHILLY
occurring at the indicated location.
ES102011122008MKE Site_88_Figure2-4_TracerStudy_A-A_v11.ai 04.06.15 sls

D North —South D'
—40 o �3 a gA 40
!!
a°Doma�o °pII iiiii wm�888
mm
mmm
��
4
.--7.—' —''''.--7H—T'''JP**.::: :;:.::':''',::!::::::::::.:**i:i:::i::.' -'—'-- '. ...,:,:,..... ......:.:,...:.: '':: :.', ...:
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w k
2--40 --40
r '�' 'M -
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O
CL
4c
ev
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'.::::.;:...:;:::1Lili
-80
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ri ::::::. lip.tillisliripdill ::.J::::ii.illimpailipdiliiiii::,
�
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.-.. i:r...11:H .: :::M::4rr4rf F—jiii'
;l ;:;:
-16 0
--1-160
;
--200 I I I I I t I t ; i r I I I I -200
p 150 300 450 600 750 900 1050 1200 1350 1500 1650 1800 1950 2100 2250
Distance in Feet from D to D'
Legend Notes:
1.The depth and thickness of the subsurface Figure 2-5
Clay Silt strata indicated on this section(profile)were Geologic Cross Section D-D'
generalized from and interpolated between Site 88 Tracer Study
Fossiliferous Sand Screened Interval test locations. Information on actual MCIEAST-MCB CAMLEJ
Horizontal:1"=100' subsurface
Verti 1"=40' s ecific locations andconditions datesapplies indicated.onlytothe
North Carolina
Cemented Sand Jr Water Table Elevation p
V.E.=cal:10x ve
Sand NS Not Sampled I otherSubsurface locations mayconditions differand fromwater conleditionslsat
occurring at the indicated location. CH2MHILLs
ES102011122008MKE Site_88_Figure_2-5_TracerStudy_D-D'_v5.ai 07.14.15 sls

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• IR88-MW23DW • . 1 ". •IR88-MW16DW2
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10.49 IR88-MW18DW3 ,
e
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- IR88-MW21DW ,�. * 12 w r (°3�7�' IR88-MWO2DW - f a .
IR88'-MW22DW 9,90 IR88-MWO6DW IR88-MW02DW -
IR88-MW22DW ...al • - ''
IR88-MW20DW " IR88-MW24DW • IR88-MW24DW
'R 11.70 _ IR88-MW20DW 10.52 • IR88-MW36DW '
IRii MW36DW
11.05
12.37 IR88-MW04DW
+ems i Pi**• OD .- Z. IR88-MWI4DW - 12:79 a
IR88-MW19DW
I
IR88-MW38DW IR88-MW37DW 0 00
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ay IL
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ki ': a, - . �' E y - * - q
:.. 1 :.‘,A n'-r Zvi
Legend Notes: Figure 2-6
® Monitoring Well - Groundwater elevations are expressed as feetA Middle Castle Hayne Aquifer Potentiometric Surface
— Potentiometric Contour(dashed where inferred) above mean sea level. Site 88 Tracer Study
♦ Approximate Groundwater Flow Direction - Potentiometric surface contours have been interpolated N MCIEAST-MCB CAMLEJ
Site 88 Boundary between monitoring well locations. North Carolina
-Actual conditions may differ from those shown here. 0 175 350
14.51 Groundwater Elevation (ft msl) - Gray monitoring well label Indicates well was not included Feet
in contour interpolation. 1 inch = 350 feet
16 CH2MHILL
f

R.USNavFacEn.Com405450\MCBCam.Leeune\Ma.Files\Site 88\492972 Tracer Stud `.Fi.ure 2 7 MCH PCE 2014.mxd5 192015BMailhes ch2mhillenv
Ni.otes: - "
Concentration contours have been interpolated between .• t---- .. »-)
monitoring well locations. Actual contaminant distribution may differ. ' . , IR88-MW35DW �•
2. J Reported value is estimated , ® � -
3. U - Compound analyzed for but not detected 4 - sib`' •
4 ~ --',-.-. `
4. PCE - Tetrachloroethenefoe _ -,
5. PCE NCGWQS - 0.7 µg/L (April 2014) t .0 h k _ ;b. ' __, F
6. NCGWQS North Carolina Groundwater Quality Standard �f • IR88-MW34DW {Zone 2 t; - � '
7. All values in µg/L ./
8. µg/L micrograms per liter '`, .t - -
9. ft bgs feet below ground surface -
Y IR88-MWO7DW
5.97
' 1 IR88-MWu1DW
sY * IR -MW�12DW
iPt ��.. IR88-MW33DW 0:5 U
-.
IR88-MW39MP
A414,700
% B:98,800 IR88-MW4OMP
y. Zone 3.. 4. Ay43,100 Z
+s''_',/ IR88-MW44DW3
B:13,100 One
* • '"'+ - :*-'1-
IR88-MW46DW3 57200
- 19500
r 3
..il - IR88-MW23MP- IR88-MWO5DW
mr, IR88-MW47DW3
7. `. B:8,120 25700 A:27.9IR88-22906DW2 188 �RG1N��DARE DRIVE
�_ e' IR88-8W O DW3 f IR88-MW03DW
I %f . .. IR88-MW23DW „ 0:5U IR88-GWEX08DW
= 660 0.5 U
IR88-MW32DW
r IR88-MW4DW3
4.
6330 • ,.
IR88-MW�17DW
W
' DW IR 0.5 U
88-MW02D
IR88-MW18DW ,.. IR88 MW06 0.323
216 Sr
N
-. IR88-MiN15DW a wa c
:1 0.5 U 1 1 �•+ n
it'
- IR88-MW24DW ". " ti»-
r O.S U u P
IR88-MW36DW
-0.5U
r
-.- IP
IR88-MWO4DW VI! _ 05-U -. m
�- IR88 MW74DW �-
Screened Interval ; °?
Multi-Port Well Screen (ft bgs) IR88-ININu9DW �, G
.
Intervals To. Bottom 2 I - ._: IR88-MW37DW - It
IR88 MW23MP A 77 82
O '- . IR88-MW38DW- 0.5 u
0
IR88-MW23MP-B 97 102 O ��. G ` 0.5U
IR88-MW39MP-A 76 81 cm Ns ., 101140,4-^ _. tip,.
: ry
IR88-MW39MP-B 96 101
IR88-MW4OMP-A 74.5 79.5 e V_,_
IR88-MW4OMP-B 89.5 99.5 ,.." f _ October 2014
-...
Legend Figure 2-7
PCE Extent (dashed where inferred) Approximate Extent of PCE Exceedances in the MCH Aquifer 75-115 ft bgs)
u Middle Castle Hayne Aquifer Monitoring Well 0 /L - 0.7 /L PP q � g �
— Surface Water Centerline 0.7g /L 7 µg/LSite 88 Tracer Study
—Zone Boundary µg µg N MCIEAST- MCB CAMLEJ
® Former Building 25 7 µg/L 70 µg/L o 100 200 400 North Carolina
0 SWMU 615 Boundary
70 µg/L - 700 µg/L .11......� Feet
Site 88 Boundary 700 µg/L- 7000 µg/L
MI 7000 µg/L - 70000 pg/L 1 inch = 200 feet IMO CH2MHILl
MI >70000 µg/L '..

R:'USNavFacEn•Com405450`MCBCam•Leeune'Ma•Files'Site 88`492972 Tracer Stud .Fi•ure 2 8 MCH TCE 2014.mxd519:2015BMailhes ch2mhillenv _
Notes IR88-MW35DW
NS
1. Concentration contours have been interpolated between monitoring well locations.
Actual contaminant distribution may differ. _
2. J - Reported value is estimated
3. U - Compound analyzed for but not detected IR88-MW34DW
4. TCE - Trichloroethene / 0.397 J
5. TCE NCGWQS - 3 ug/L(April 2014) s
6. NCGWQS - North Carolina Groundwater Quality Standard -
7. All values in µg/L IR88-MWo7Dw
2.69
8. µg/L- micrograms per liter d IR88-MW11DW
9. ft bgs - feet below ground surface 3.76
. IR88-MW12DW
r •.
-"IIR88 MW33DW a. _ 0:5 U
r I ♦' IR88-MW39MP 216 -r
i t B,2:430
Zone 3 Zone 1
1 4 a IR88-MW45DW3 IR88-MW4OMP ,.Ft.Fn) IR88-MW44DW3 A'1rg50
1,020
6985
IR88-MW23MP IR88-MW46DW3
A:2.651) IR88-MW05DW , _ -;
• 6:971 IR88-MW47DW3 412 �GINIADAaEpRNE
R .. r IR88-MW16DW2 V1
•A • IR88-MW23DW
IR88-MW03DW
1' • i 80.5 IR88-MW43DW3 QM IR88-MW17Dw IR88-GWBX08DW
' - � 0.5 UJ
IR88-MW32DW 0:5 U
i 1 _
IR88-MW18DW
,,. -�23.3 IR88-MWO6DW NS
«- - IR88-MWO2DW * . .
- t IR88-MW15DW
;A 0.5 U
IR88 MW24DW - 03
05U A 8400
`+e f-az4 IR88-MW36DW * i p
2.19
17
In
IR88-MW04DW r O
IR88-MW14DW
0:5U •'
..r+; .*
v
a
IR88-MW19DW ,•
0".5 U i .;# t 'a 9
• m
Screened Interval IR88-MW37Dw _,\ ' . .-
3j ..
Multi-Port Well Screen (ft bgs) IR88-MW38Dw- 05u
0.5 U
Intervals To• Bottom -` z ' " o
c o
Vf
N
IR88 MW23MP A 77 82 t ��PE z
O a>
.I R88-MW23MP-B 97 102 ' i
4 I R88-MW39MP-A 76 81 -Illk ��
1IR88 MW39MP B 96 101 S N. .
v
IR88 MW40MP A 74.5 79.5 _ t
�,ya
:' '"'.. October 2014
r I R88-MW40MP-B 89.5 99.5 •-.,
Legend Figure 2-8
• Middle Castle Hayne Aquifer Monitoring Well TCE Extent (dashed where inferred) /� Approximate Extent of TCE Exceedances in the MCH Aquifer (75-115 ft bgs)
— Surface Water Centerline 0 µg/L- 3 µg/L / Site 88 Tracer Study
— Zone Boundary ' 3 µg/L- 30 µg/L N MCIEAST- MCB CAMLEJ
® Former Building 25 130 µg/L -3 00 µg/L o 100 200 400 North Carolina
I= SWMU 615 Boundary EN >300 µg/L Feet
Site 88 Boundary
1 inch = 200 feet IMO CH2MHILL
..

R:'USNavFacEn.Com405450`MCBCam.Leeune\Ma.Files Site 88`492972 Tracer Stud \Fi.ure 2 9 MCH CISDCE 2014.mxd5/19,2015BMailhes ch2mhillenv
Notes: v. IR88-MW35DW
1. Concentration contours have been interpolated between /to NS .
monitoring well locations.Actual contaminant distribution may differ. ,' .4 . .
2. J - Reported value is estimated s
3. U - Compound analyzed for but not detected • ` , IR88-MW34DW
4. DCE - Dichloroethene - ` 1.?2 Zone 2
5. cis-1,2-DCE NCGWQS - 70 µ/L(April 2014) I\ giok.. ..
-
6. NCGWQS - North Carolina Groundwater Quality Standard
IR88-MWO7DW
7. All values in µg/L4.36
8. µg/L- micrograms per literIR88-MW11Dw
9. ft bgs -feet below ground surface 0.6,2J
- a,r
x • IR88-MW12DW
ii F � a 1. IR88-MW33DW 0:5 U
.. v / 33.6
ir
s :
I \ IR88-MW39MP .
# "` • § Zone 3 A:932 IR88-MW4OMP Zone('
AB:658 A 4z.10YJ
z IR88-MW45DW3 B.221
_. 98 J IR88-16 005DW
= IR88AM 2253MP _ IR88- 3307DW3 II IR88 44106DW2Nit VIFGINIADAREDFIVE
$110110i+
B:126 's
zx w „. �:., IR88-MW44DW3 IR88-MW03DW
W W 3970 , IR88-GWEXO8DW
s IR88-MW23DW Q� 0.5 U
4.11 J
I IR88-MW32DW `'IR88 MW46DW3 IR88-MW43DW3 �T4
‘. \ i - 1 U 136
IR88 MW02DW IR DW p 88-MW17
" 0:5 U
/ IR884MW18DW� IR88-MW06DW4 24.1. .
... 0.768YJ 4 NS
t �... IR88•MW15DW
�,; 3 a rCC1
'IA 0.521 J rr
IR88-MW24DW ! _ - -`
0.374 J t
to
" . —'� ; IR88-MW36DW
•
>� d £
.R 0.638 J
zar
Y IR88-MW04DW '" may, G O
1.13 r
s IR88-MW14DW w o
0:5U -0
IR88-MW19DW .`°
0:5 U ' A
m
Screened Interval - IR88-MW37Dw 5
Multi-Port Well Screen (ft bgs) IR88-MW38DW_ 0.5 u
.� 0:5 U
Intervals To• Bottom ° •
O
N �,
IR88 MW23MP A 77 82 * Ilk
''
IR88 MW23MP B 97 102 A a i
IR88 MW39MP A 76 81 \•
m "
I R88-MW39MP-B 96 101 is
IR88 MW40MP A 74.5 79.5 .
IR88-MW40MP-B 89.5 99.5 - October 2014
Legend Figure 2-9
• Middle Castle Hayne Aquifer Monitoring Well cis-1,2-DCE Extent (dashed where inferred) Approximate Extent of cis-1,2-DCE Exceedances in the MCH Aquifer (75-115 ft bgs)
— Surface Water Centerline 0 µg/L- 70 µg/L Site 88 Tracer Study
— Zone Boundary MI 70 µg/L - 700 µg/L N MCIEAST- MCB CAMLEJ
® Former Building 25 - >700 µg/L o 100 200 400 North Carolina
0 SWMU 615 Boundary Feet
Site 88 Boundary
1 inch = 200 feet CH2MHILL
i

R USNavFa En.C•m405450\MCBCam•Leeune\Ma•Files\Site :8\492.72 Tr-c-r tud \Fi. re 2 1. MCH VC 2014.mxd5/19/2015BMailhes ch2mhill-nv
I
Notes: • e I.. w - 1 _ • -
1. Concentration contours have been interpolated between .�s" • = "~ ' ;"�"
monitoring well locations.Actual contaminant distribution may differ. * IC'
• 2. J Reported value is estimated • 'c ..I►' ," •
I
3. U - Compound analyzed for but not detected - " ,0" IR88-MW35DW,-c I '
4, VC - Vinyl Chloride -‘ • Ns '.,..� 1141}
5. VC NCGWQS 0.03 µg/L(April 2014) + • °, ',
•
1 6. NCGWQS - North Carolina Groundwater Quality Standard -
7.All values in µg/L + - -, ' ..
8. µg/L micrograms per liter IR88 s u DW Zone 2
9. ft bgs -feet below ground surface _ Y
: \ ..------ -_, -1.-
o- IR88-MWo7Dw
11
T1
IR88-MW1 DW
k, .... *.- \ • 0.5 U
41111
.; : IR88-MW12DW„
'1 IR88-MW33DW = 0:5 U
' 5 0
IR88-MW39MP
- 3 "
' Zone 3 B:321 J = Zone
t
r IR88-MW45DW3 MW44 188004MW40MP
IR88- DW3 R
tt 250 U' t00 0 A 261tJ �`
13 150J
, IR88-MW48DW3' IR88-MW05DW
y 8 MW23 50 U
I P
=`" B:25 U IR88-MW47DW3 M
8 _ 125� IR86-MW16DW2
`.` C. 25 U IR88-MWO3DW
. .. ' 4 IR88-MW43DW3 �' 0:5 U IR88-GWEXO8DW
'I"'
> • 5 •
• 25 U t 0.5'U
IR88-MW32DW= IR88-MW23DW IR88-MW18DW �►
' QD 2.5 U
00
: . IR MW DW _
- ,.B! . ,- 4 _
:� _ .:r -- IR88-MW17DW
- . } is 0:5 U
y
+` M C
.- a
r IR88-MW15DW IR88-MWO2DW +
Screened Interval Sit 0.5 U -
:: [ 1r IR88-M11V24DW • 0�4181►J m
Multi Port Well Screen (ft bgs) 0.5 U
Intervals To. Bottom s. 6.0 _. - �` ,--'' IR88-MW38DW
I R88-MW23MP-C 117 122 GSISI �'�"�� .j 0:5 U
IR88-MW23MP-D 137 142 {' w r m
IR88 MW23MP E 157 162 IR88-0:5U DW
IR88-MW23MP-F 172 177 �" 1 IR88-MW14DW •
t
IR88 MW39MP C 116 121 [ 0.5 U { „
x- •-.*:
I R88-MW39MP-D 136 141 IR88-MW,19DW
IR88-MW39MP-E 156 161 - 0:5U _ , - -
IR88-MW37DW g
I R88-MW4OMP-C 109.5 1195 Oy.C1� a IR880:5 U DW- 0:5 U
IR88-MW4OMP-D 129.5 139.5
IR88-MW4OMP-E 149.5 159.5 A
IR88 MW40MP-F 169.5 174.5 1 October 2014
- ', a !3'.
Legend Figure 2-10
• Middle Castle Hayne Aquifer Monitoring Well VC Extent (dashed where inferred) Approximate Extent of VC Exceedances in the MCH Aquifer (75-115 ft bg)
- Surface Water Centerline 0 µg/L- 0.03 µg/L Site 88 Tracer Study
-Zone Boundary MI 0.03 µg/L- 0.3 µg/L N MCIEAST- MCB CAMLEJ
Former Building 25 MI 0.3 µg/L- 3 µg/L o 100 200 400 North Carolina
0 SWMU 615 Boundary NM 3 µg/L- 30 µg/L Feet
Site 88 Boundary - 30 µg/L- 300 µg/L
>300 µg/L 1 inch = 200 feet CH2MHILL

SECTION 3
Tracer Study Basis of Design
The following sections present an overview of the tracer study objectives and design basis, including the key features
influencing the approach,the rationale for selection,the conceptual location and layout,and design elements.
3.1 Tracer Study Objectives
The Site 88 permanganate tracer study objectives are as follows:
• Evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of ISCO using permanganate for treating COCs in groundwater in the
MCH aquifer at Site 88.
• Evaluate HDD injection wells as an effective delivery method for permanganate into the deeper MCH aquifer.
• Evaluate the achieved zone of influence for permanganate injections with and without extraction/recirculation.
• Assess the effectiveness of using geophysical mapping as a means of assessing permanganate distribution
following injection through a HDD well and following extraction/recirculation.
• Identify critical design parameters(permanganate dosage, injection rates,extraction/recirculation rates and
injection well spacing)for the design of a full-scale ISCO treatment system in support of the FS.
3.2 Technology Description
3.2.1 In-Situ Chemical Oxidation
ISCO is an in situ technology that consists of injecting chemical oxidants into the subsurface so contaminants are
oxidized into innocuous compounds.A number of chlorinated alkenes can be successfully treated via chemical
oxidation. Permanganate (in a powder potassium permanganate or liquid sodium permanganate form) is one of
several commercially available oxidants that can be injected into the subsurface to treat these chlorinated
alkenes.With proper personal protective equipment(PPE), permanganate is safe and relatively easy to handle in
the field. Permanganate was also proven to be effective at reducing PCE concentrations at Site 88 during a 2011
Pilot Study(CH2M HILL, 2011).Sodium permanganate was selected as the oxidizing agent to be used for this
tracer study due to the ease of handling versus the powder oxidant form.
3.2.2 Horizontal Injection Wells
An HDD injection well was selected over an array of vertical wells because HDD injection wells have been
successfully implemented at MCIEAST—MCB CAMLEJ, require significantly less surface infrastructure than
traditional vertical injection wells especially when considered for relatively large target treatment areas,and can
be installed beneath existing base infrastructure.
HDD injection wells can be installed either"blind end" (single-entry)or"continuous" (double-ended). Blind wells
reduce site impact because only one access point is required. However,when they are installed using open-
borehole methods, partial borehole collapse and pipe seizure can occur,which are more likely when the boring
length exceeds 500 feet, or challenging lithology,such as flowing sands, is encountered.Some directional drillers
have developed innovative methods to install longer blind end wells using cased well methods, but such methods
are relatively expensive. Continuous wells,while increasing the total length of drilling required,can be installed
less expensively over longer distances, using smaller drill rigs,due to the drilling tools and methods used. In the
continuous well installation method,the drill bit is pulled back with the well materials while drilling fluids are
continuously injected,thereby reducing tensile forces on the pipe, even in flowing sands. Continuous wells are
also easier to rehabilitate if necessary,and the distal end can be used for monitoring. For the reasons cited above,
a continuous or double-ended well configuration was selected for the subject tracer study.
EN0521151022CLT 3-1

PERMANGANATE TRACER STUDY WORK PLAN,SITE 88,OPERABLE UNIT 15
3.2.3 Extraction/Recirculation System
A closed-loop extraction/recirculation system consists of vertical extraction wells with submersible pumps and
conveyance piping used to route purged groundwater to the surface,through a booster pump,and back into the
injection well(s) located hydraulically upgradient from the extraction wells. Prior to reinjection, purged
groundwater will be processed through an above-ground filtration system to trap fines/solids and mitigate the
potential for fouling of the injection well screen.The purpose of an extraction/recirculation system is to enhance
the natural groundwater flow gradient to allow for improved distribution of chemical oxidant within the
subsurface,thereby enhancing in situ treatment of COCs in groundwater.
3.2.4 Geophysical Mapping
A geophysical mapping technique(GeoTrax Survey)was identified as a potential technology able to evaluate the
distribution of permanganate in the subsurface following injections at the Site.This technology utilizes electrical
resistivity imaging to monitor for the distribution of permanganate within the deeper subsurface(UCH, MCH,and
LCH aquifers). Data are collected by placing electrodes in contact with the ground.The electrodes introduce
current into the subsurface and measure the resulting field.An inverse model of the data produces an electrical
resistivity image that shows the synthetic distribution of resistivity that predicts values measured in the field.
In October 2014,a baseline geophysical mapping effort was conducted at Site 88 by Aestus LLC(Aestus)within
the geophysical survey area depicted on Figure 2-2.The primary objective of the baseline geophysical mapping
investigation was to provide baseline conditions to be compared with future geophysical surveys.
Site-wide groundwater sampling data were used to calibrate the results of the baseline geophysical mapping for
subsurface two-dimensional modeling.The baseline geophysical mapping results indicated the following:
• Residual emulsified vegetable oil(EVO) (less than milligrams per liter [5 mg/L])and a robust population of
Dehalococcoides(greater than 1E5 cells per milliliter) remain within the tracer study area following a pilot
study where EVO injections and bioaugmentation was conducted in 2010(CH2M HILL, 2011).The baseline
geophysical mapping data indicate that these constituents are potentially overprinting or overshadowing
signals from background contaminant concentrations.
• The existing dense network of utilities within the geophysical study area potentially overshadows some
contaminant or other subsurface signals (e.g.,subsurface geology).
Although the presence of injectate and utility overshadowing affected the ability of the GeoTrax Surveys to
identify DNAPL within the subsurface,Aestus indicated that the site-specific characteristics would not affect the
ability to image resistivity changes following permanganate injections.Aestus recommended increasing the
conductivity of permanganate with a nonreactive tracer material,such as sodium chloride,to increase the
electrical difference and enhance the ability to detect the permanganate in subsurface.An assessment of site-
specific conditions indicated that the addition of 800 mg/L of sodium chloride would result in a subsurface electric
conductivity change that would be detectable to the geophysical imaging equipment.The preliminary geophysical
mapping technical memorandum prepared by Aestus is included in Appendix B.
3.3 Location and Layout
In order to achieve the tracer study objectives,the tracer study will be completed in two phases. For Phase I,the
key component includes the HDD injection well (Figures 3-1 through 3-4),and for Phase II,the key components
include three vertical extraction wells and the piping and equipment required to operate the
extraction/recirculation system(Figures 3-5 and 3-6). Factors that affected the decision for the location and
layout of the tracer study system include the following:
• The HDD injection well will be placed perpendicular to the flow of groundwater,to intercept the full width of
the plume which will allow the HDD injection well to be utilized during the full-scale design for ongoing
treatment of impacted groundwater.
3-2 EN0521151022CLT

SECTION 3-TRACER STUDY BASIS OF DESIGN
• The HDD well entry point was selected to allow sufficient setback to achieve the target HDD well depth and
provide enough room for the tracer study equipment compound location and directional drilling staging area
(Figure 3-1),while minimizing impacts to ongoing activities within the surrounding Base buildings and along
roadways. In addition, Base utility poles are present at the proposed tracer study equipment compound
location to provide a power drop for the injection system.
• The target depth of the HDD injection well was selected to optimize degradation of COCs within the deeper
subsurface MCH aquifer(75 to 115 feet bgs)(Figures 3-2 through 3-4).The target depth for the HDD injection well
was chosen to be 100 feet bgs since existing monitoring wells are screened at this depth,which will allow for an
independent assessment of permanganate distribution in the subsurface and to verify geophysical mapping results.
Samples collected from the existing monitoring well network will be inspected visually for changes in color and also
field-analyzed for detectable concentrations of the tracers(permanganate and chloride).Please note that the
cross-section illustrated on Figure 3-4 is slightly upgradient and therefore portrays the plume shallower than it is
along the injection transect as presented on Figure 3-3.
• The length of the HDD injection well screened interval was selected to be 500 feet, based on the results of the
most-recent site-wide groundwater sampling conducted in October 2014(Figure 3-2).The casing at the
proximal end (header section)will be approximately 625 feet,to achieve the target depth of 100 feet bgs and
position the wellhead near the tracer study equipment compound and directional drill rig staging area.The
proximal end wellhead will be completed in a 24-inch x 60-inch access manway,set in a concrete apron.The
casing at the distal end (tail section)will be approximately 450 feet long, existing in a grassy area at the
southern end of the site.The distal end wellhead will be completed in a temporary 24-inch x 24-inch access
manway,to be removed after the tracer study is completed,and subsequently direct buried such that it can
be re-accessed if needed during implementation of the remedial action.
• The screened portion of the HDD injection well is situated parallel to the GeoTrax Survey lines that will be
used to assess permanganate distribution via geophysical mapping techniques.The HDD injection well will be
positioned at approximately 20,25,and 55 feet from the three GeoTrax Survey lines to evaluate lateral
distribution of permanganate to assess the accuracy and potential optimization of the assumed lateral radius
of influence of 20 feet from the 2012 Draft FS(Figure 3-2).The data will also allow for an assessment of the
vertical distribution of permanganate at each GeoTrax Survey line to assess the assumed 30-foot saturated
thickness from the 2012 Draft FS.
• For the Phase II extraction/recirculation portion of the tracer study,three vertical extraction wells are
proposed to be placed 180 feet from the HDD injection well, based upon the assumed required spacing of 180
feet between HDD injection wells presented in the Draft FS.Therefore,the 180-foot spacing of the proposed
vertical extraction wells from the HDD injection well will allow for the assessment of whether the total
number of HDD injection wells required for future remedial actions can be minimized through
implementation of an extraction/recirculation system.
3.4 Horizontal Well Injection System Design
The proposed horizontal well injection system and permanganate dosing specifications are summarized in Table
3-1 and discussed in the sections below.
3.4.1 Horizontal Injection Well Screen Design
A numerical model was used to predict flow and pressure at discrete intervals to promote relatively uniform
injection rates along the entire length of the HDD injection well screened-interval. Final slot design specifications
(including total open area, number of slots per foot,slot length,and modeled flow performance)are included in
Appendix C.
The performance objective for the HDD well will be less than 1 percent skew in flow across the screens,within a
flow of 0.1 to 0.15 gallon per minute per foot of screened interval. Screen slots will be cut perpendicular("cross
cut")to the axis of the pipe in a uniform pattern around the circumference of the pipe,three rows,with 120
EN0521151022CLT 3-3

•
PERMANGANATE TRACER STUDY WORK PLAN,SITE 88,OPERABLE UNIT 15
degrees between rows.The target inside slot length is 1.6 inches,and the target slot width is 0.020 inches,with a
tolerance of 10 to 15 percent.The total target slot open area percentage is 0.151.
3.4.2 Horizontal Injection Well Design
The overall specification for the HDD injection well (HIW-1) is summarized in Table 3-2 and illustrated on Figure 3-
1.Specifications for borehole advancement,well construction,completion,and development are detailed in
Section 4.
TABLE 3-2
HDD Injection Well Specifications
Site 88 Tracer Study
MCIEAST-MCB CAMLEJ, North Carolina
Entry Exit Target Depth of Screen at Proximal End
Well Riser Screen Riser Total Measured from Ground Surface Construction
ID (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet bgs) Materials
HIW-1 625 500 450 1,575 100 4-inch Fiberglass Reinforced
Epoxy(FRE)
3.5 Permanganate Injection Design and Dosing
Data collected from the 2010 Treatability Study and 2011 Pilot Study,which assessed permanganate distribution
and effectiveness in the UCH aquifer within Zone 2 at Site 88, provide the basis for permanganate dosing for this
tracer study within the MCH aquifer of Zone 2.A summary of these studies are included below:
• Treatability Study(CH2M HILL,2010a): In 2010, bench-scale treatability tests were conducted at Site 88,
assessing various methods to treat site COCs in preparation for larger-scale pilot studies. One objective of the
treatability tests was to evaluate the effectiveness of ISCO using permanganate for oxidizing COCs within the ;
UCH aquifer in Zone 2.The results of the studies indicated the optimal treatment for ISCO in the UCH aquifer
of Zone 2 to be approximately 1.8 g of permanganate per kilogram of dry soil.
• Pilot Study(CH2M HILL,2011): From September to December 2010,a pilot study was implemented at Site 88
based on the results of the 2010 Treatability Study. ISCO using potassium permanganate was implemented via
vertical injection wells for Zone 2 in the UCH aquifer near IR88-MW161W(Figure 2-1)to further assess the
potential effectiveness of permanganate treatment in situ,to obtain additional design parameters needed for
full-scale implementation,and to mitigate offsite migration of COCs. In general,the pilot study results
confirmed injection of permanganate in the UCH aquifer at Site 88 within Zone 2 to be effective.Significant
findings are as follows:
o The radius of influence(ROI)for permanganate distribution was approximately 20 feet with an average
injection rate of 34 gallons per minute (gpm) into 4-inch-diameter vertical injection wells with 20 foot-
screens in the UCH aquifer at approximately 55 feet bgs.The average injections pressure was 12 pounds
per square inch (psi).
o Based on the permanganate demand of 1.8 grams per kilogram (g/kg)and the targeted treatment zone
size, approximately 40,000 pounds of potassium permanganate were injected.This oxidant quantity was
delivered to the subsurface at a 2.5 to 4 percent concentration.The average concentrations of PCE and its
daughter products was observed to decrease by 86.7 percent during the pilot study in monitoring wells
within the 20-foot ROI.
o ISCO injections were not observed to adversely affect conditions needed for microbial populations within
Zone 2,corroborating results from other laboratory and field studies.
Based on the design parameters identified during the 2010 Treatability Study and 2011 Pilot Study,the required
permanganate mass and solution volume for the tracer study were calculated and are summarized in Table 3-1.
The estimated pore volume for the Phase I target tracer area is approximately 705,000 gallons, based on a lateral
3-4 EN0521151022CLT

SECTION 3-TRACER STUDY BASIS OF DESIGN
radius of 20 feet,a vertical radius of 15 feet, a treatment length of 500 feet,and an estimated effective porosity of
0.2.The total sodium permanganate mass required to satisfy the soil oxidant demand and treat chlorinated
solvents is approximately 42,000 pounds(at a liquid concentration of 40 percent by weight [wt]).This is based on
an estimated permanganate natural oxidant demand (PNOD)of 1.8 g/kg, an assumed contact efficiency factor of
20 percent and a conservative average total COC contaminant concentration of 35 mg/L within the tracer study
area.The permanganate solution will be delivered into the subsurface at a concentration of 2 percent, resulting in
approximately 99,000 gallons of injectant solution which equates to approximately 14 percent of the effective
pore volume.
As discussed in Section 3.2 above,a conservative tracer sodium chloride will also be added to the injectant
solution.Adding the conservative tracer will improve the probability that the injectant solution will be detected
via geophysical mapping techniques in the event that permanganate is consumed prior to conducting the
geophysical survey. In addition,the presence or absence of the conservative tracer via traditional monitoring in
the existing network of monitoring wells,depicted on Figure 3-1,will provide a secondary method to assess
substrate distribution if the permanganate is quickly consumed. If permanganate is consumed too quickly, a
higher permanganate dosage maybe warranted for the full-scale design.
3.6 Extraction/Recirculation System Design
The Draft FS recommended that groundwater extraction wells be considered for the full-scale remedial design to
help distribute permanganate in the subsurface in a controlled manner(induced hydraulic gradients).
Furthermore,the extracted groundwater can be used to mix with the permanganate for the injections,
eliminating the need for supply water.To evaluate how well the treatment zone can be extended with an
extraction/recirculation application and to refine design parameters for such a scenario,a Phase II
(Extraction/Recirculation) portion of the tracer study will be conducted.
3.6.1 Hydraulic Capture Zone Calculations
A pump test was conducted in Zone 1 in support of the RI in the upper portion of the MCH aquifer at IR88-
GWEXO8DW(Figure 2-2). During the constant rate pumping test,groundwater levels were observed to decrease
by 0.322 feet in observation well IR88-MW17DW, located approximately 142 feet away from extraction well IR88-
GWEXO8DW,when groundwater pumping rates were set to 12.5 gpm. In addition,a minor drop in groundwater
levels was observed in observation well IR88-MW12DW(0.087 feet), located approximately 365 feet away.
Based on this data,calculations were performed to assess the potential hydraulic capture zone.The Steady-State
Thiem Solution and an estimated capture zone width calculation for one extraction well (United States
Environmental Protection Agency [USEPA], 2008)were used for this assessment, using the most conservative site-
specific information available from the RI.As presented in Table 3-3,the Steady-State Thiem Solution results
indicate that the estimated radial hydraulic capture zone around one extraction well ranges from 560 to 1,159
feet. For the one extraction well calculation method,the estimated capture zone along the central line of flow
ranges from 80 to 215 feet and from 125 to 251 feet along the central line of the plume. It is assumed the actual
performance will be improved with three overlapping vertical extraction wells.
Based on the pump test data and calculations performed,three extraction wells are proposed to be equally
spaced at 125 feet apart,and placed 180 feet from the HDD injection well.Thus,the proposed placement of the
vertical extraction wells are generally located within the estimated ranges of calculated hydraulic capture zones.
3.6.2 Extraction Well Submersible Pump Head Loss Calculations
To appropriately size the extraction well submersible pumps,total head losses were estimated based on the
proposed location and layout of the extraction/recirculation system.As summarized in Table 3-4,total head
losses for extracted groundwater are estimated to be approximately 114 to 122 feet of head. Extraction well
submersible pumps will be designed for this range of head losses,while being able to pump one-third of the
groundwater flow of the proposed injection well flow rate of 50 gpm,or 16.67 gpm each,to allow for a steady-
state closed loop system.
EN0521151022CLT 3-5

TABLE 3-1
Tracer Study Design Summary
Site 88 Tracer Study
MCIEAST-MCB CAMLEJ
North Carolina
Site 88 Aquifer Description
Value Unit
Hydraulic Characteristics
Depth of Injection Zone 100 ft
Hydraulic Gradient 0.0014 ft/ft
Hydraulic Conductivity 7.9 ft/day
Estimated Effective Porosity 0.2
Soil Bulk Density 115 lbs/ft3
Seepage Velocity 0.055 ft/day
20 ft/yr
Site 88 Horizontal Directionally Drilled(HDD)Injection Well Specifications
Value Unit
Hydraulic Characteristics
Depth of HDD Injection Well(HIW-1) 100 ft
Length of HDD Well Screen 500 ft
Entry Riser Length 625 ft
Exit Riser Length 450 ft
Total HDD Injection Well Length 1,575 ft
HDD Injection Well Diameter(FRE) 4 in
Phase I-Site 88 Permanganate Injection Specifications(Injection Only)
Value Unit
Treatment Area Volume
Lateral Radius of Treatment 20 ft
Vertical Radius of Treatment 15 ft
Length of Screened Interval 500 ft
Pore Volume of Treatment Zone(based on effective porosity) 704,973 gallons
Sodium Permanganate(RemOx-L)Specifications
Avg Total Contaminant Conc 35 mg/L
PNOD 1.8 g/kg
Effective PNOD 20
Calculated Oxidant Demand 19,137 lbs
Calculated RemOx-L(Total)as 40%by weight solution 42,962 lbs
3,759 gallons
14.3 3,000-lb totes
Proposed Implementation RemOx-L(Total)as 40%by weight solution 42,000 lbs
(for shipping/handling purposes) 3,675 gallons
14 3,000-lb totes
RemOx-L Injection Concentration 2.0%
Total Volume of Injected Fluid 98,848 gal
Effective Pore Volume Replaced 14.0 %
Injection Specifications
Estimated Injection Flow Rate 0.1 gpm per foot
Estimated Total Injection Flow Rate 50 gpm
Time to Complete Injection(10 hr days) 3.3 days
Page 1 of 2

TABLE 3-1
Tracer Study Design Summary
Site 88 Tracer Study
MCIEAST-MCB CAMLEJ
North Carolina
Phase II-Site 88 Extraction/Recirculation
Value Unit
Target Extraction/Recirculation Treatment Area Volume
Lateral Extent of Treatment(Remaining Distance to Furthest Monitoring
well IR88-MW46DW3) 100 ft
Vertical.Extent of Treatment 30 ft
Length of Screened Interval 500 ft
Total Volume of Treatment Zone 55,500 cu yd
Pore Volume of Treatment Zone(based on effective porosity) 2,244,000 gallons
Injection Specifications
Estimated Injection Flow Rate 0.1 gpm per foot
Estimated Total Injection Flow Rate 50 gpm
Extraction Well Specifications
Number of Wells 3
Extraction Well Diameter 4 in
Well Depth 115 ft
Screen Length 30 ft
Spacing Between Wells 125 ft
Estimated Extraction Rate per extraction well 16.67 gpm
Recirculation
Time to Complete Recirculation of 1 Pore Volume
(assumes 24-hour operation) 31 days
•
Page 2 of 2

TABLE 3-3
Estimated Hydraulic Capture Zone
Site 88 Tracer Study
MCIEAST-MCB CAMLEJ
North Carolina
Site 88 Middle Castle Hayne Aquifer Estimated Hydraulic Capture Zone
Value Unit
Middle Castle Hayne Hydrogeologic Characteristics(EX08DW Pump Test Results)
Depth of Injection Zone 65-85 ft bgs
Hydraulic Conductivity 7.9 ft/day
Reference Head Value.(ho-MW12DW-365 foot radial distance(RI) 0.087 ft
Head Value(h-MW17DW-142 foot radial distance) 0.322 ft
Regional Hydraulic Gradient(MW18DW->MW32DW) 0.0025 ft/ft
Estimated Effective Porosity 0.2
Soil Bulk Density 115.04 lbs/ft3
Seepage Velocity 0.101 ft/day
36.8 ft/yr
Storage Coefficient 0.0012
Transmissivity(T) 930-2,511 ft2/day
Estimated Radial Hydraulic Capture Zone-Steady-State Thiem Solution
Estimated Drawdown(h-ho) 0.235 ft
Estimated Distance to Minimal Drawdown(R) 365 ft
Transmissivity(TO-Low Range 930 ft2/day
Transmissivity(T2)-High Range 2,511 ft2/day
Estimated Extraction Rate(Q) 16.67 gpm
Estimated Extraction Rate(Q) 3,209 ft3/day
Estimated Radial Hydraulic Capture Zone(rl)-Low Range 560 ft
Estimated Radial Hydraulic Capture Zone(r2)-High Range 1,159 ft
Estimated Capture Zone Width Calculation-One extraction well*
Estimated Extraction Rate(Q) 16.67 gpm
Estimated Extraction Rate(Q) 3,209 ft3/day
Transmissivity(TO-Low Range 930 ft2/day
Transmissivity(T2)-High Range 2,511 ft2/day
Regional Hydraulic Gradient 0.0025 ft/ft
Minimum distance to downgradient end of capture zone along the central line of the flow(X m;,,) 80 ft
Maximum distance to downgradient end of capture zone along the central line of the flow(X max) 215 ft
Minimum capture zone width from the central line of the plume(Ym;n)at extraction well 125 ft
Maximum capture zone width from the central line of the plume(Yma,,) 251 ft
*USEPA.2008.A Systematic Approach for Evaluation of Capture Zones at Pump and Treat Systems,EPA 600/R-08/003.January.
Page 1 of 1

TABLE 3-4
Estimated Extraction/Recirculation System Head Loss Calculations
Site 88 Tracer Study
MC/EAST-MCB CAMLEJ
North Carolina
Extraction/Recirculation System Head Loss Calculation Estimates
Value Unit
Conveyance Piping Specifications-SDR 11 HDPE
Pipe Diameter(D) 2 inches
0.05 m
50.8 mm
Pipe Area(A) 0.002 m2
Length to EXO1MCH(Li) 940 ft
287 m
Length to EXO2MCH(L2) 1065 ft
325 m
Length to EXO3MCH(L3) 1190 ft
363 m
Number of 90 degree bends 1
Recirculation Flow Specifications
Estimated Extraction Rate(Q) 16.67 gpm
1,000 gph
0.0oi1 m3/s
Velocity(V) 0.52 m/s
1.70 ft/s
Head Loss Estimates
Head Losses Due to Elevation
Elevation(Estimated from MW23DW to MW34DW) 2.6 ft
Head Losses Due to Conveyance Piping
Straight Pipe Friction Coefficient* 3.13 m/100 m
Head Loss Due to Conveyance Piping(Li) 29.43 ft
Head Loss Due to Conveyance Piping(L2) 33.34 ft
Head Loss Due to Conveyance Piping(L3) 37.26 ft
Head Losses Due to 90 degree Bend Fitting
Fitting Friction Coefficient(K)(90 degree bend-short radius elbow)** 0.90 ft/ft
Gravitational acceleration 9.81 m/s2
Head Loss Due to Fitting(90 degree bend-short radius elbow) 0.04 ft
Head Losses Due Extraction Well Drawdown During EXO8DW Pump Test***
Extraction Well Efficiency 10 percent
Drawdown in Extraction Well During Pump Test 19.01 ft
Estimated Head Loss Due to Extraction Well Drawdown 17.11 ft
Head Losses Due To Groundwater Elevation
•Estimated Extraction Well Drawdown 20 ft
Depth to Groundwater 15 ft bgs
Estimated Groundwater Elevation Head 65 ft
Total Head Losses
Total Head Loss-Conveyance Piping(L1) 114 ft
Total Head Loss-Conveyance Piping(L2) 118 ft
Total Head Loss-Conveyance Piping(L3) 122 ft
*Estimated from Marley Pipe Systems.2010.HDPE Design Considerations-v002.
**Welty et al.1984.Fundamentals of Momentum,Heat,and Mass Transfer,Third Edition.
***RI(CH2M HILL,2008)
Page 1 of 1

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Legend Figure 3-1
• Multi-Port Surface Water Centerline Tracer Study Conceptual Layout - Phase I
• Injection Well •••• Proposed Horizontal Well Screen (500 feet) Site 88 Tracer Study
• Middle Castle Hayne Aquifer Monitoring Well — Proposed Horizontal Well Casing (625+450 feet) MCIEAST-MCB CAMLEJ
• Lower Castle Hayne Aquifer Monitoring Well _ _ — GeoTrax Survey Line N North Carolina
III Fire Hydrant
Site 88 Boundary 0 62.5 125
D Geophysical Survey Area Feet
Tracer Study Equipment Compound Staging
1 inch = 125 feet ti. CH2MHILL
Tracer Study Area

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f IR88-MW39MP-B 96 101 700 µg/L- 7000 µg/L k
IR88 MW40MP A 74.5 79.5 J `� 1, -- To= 7000 µg/L- 70000 µg/L 7
IR88-MW4OMP-B 89.5 99.5 • 't' %0. 0.•- ` >70000 µg/L
Legend Figure 3-2
• Multi-Port Surface Water Centerline Tracer Study Conceptual Layout
© Injection Well •••• Proposed Horizontal Well Screen (500 feet) and PCE Isoconcentrations - Phase I
• Middle Castle Hayne Aquifer Monitoring Well — Proposed Horizontal Well Casing (625+450 feet) Site 88 Tracer Study
• Fire Hydrant - - — GeoTrax Survey Line /.....\N MCIEAST-MCB CAMLEJ
Site 88 Boundary North Carolina
D Geophysical Survey Area 0 62.5 125
ID Tracer Study Equipment Compound Staging Feet
Tracer Study Area
1 inch = 125 feet till CH2MHILL.

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I I I I I I I I I I I I I I
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600
• Proposed Horizontal Injection Well Location
Distance in Feet from A to A' Figure 3-3
I Proposed Vertical Extraction Well Location
Legend PCE Extent (Optional Phase II) Geologic Cross Section A-A'
9 motes: Tetrachloroethene Concentrations
(dashed where inferred) PCE Concentrations shown are in pg/L
1.The depth and thickness of the subsurface
Clay ��, Silt Top concentration from October 2011 and Conceptual Layout
strata indicated on this section(profile)were 0.7 pg/L 7 pg/L Bottom concentration from October 2014 Site 88 Tracer Study
" generalized from and interpolated between - 7 pg/L-70 pg/L
Fossiliferous Sand 15,11 Silt/Clay test locations. Information on actual MCI EAST-MCB CAMLEJ
Horizontal:1"=200' subsurface conditions applies only to the 70 pg/L-700 pg/L *PCE detections in wells IR88-MW16DW3, MW221W,
Vertical:1"=40' MW51 IW,and MW521W in October 2011 were flagged as North Carolina
Cemented Sand $ Screened Interval specific locations and dates indicated.
V.E.=10x - 700 pg/L 7,000 pg/L
Subsurface conditions and water levels at "non-detections"due to PCE in an equipment blank.However,
Sand jr Water Table Elevation I other locations may differ from conditions I. 7,000 pg/L-70,000 pg/L the concentrations are similar to previous sampling events,
occurring at the indicated location.
>70,000 pg/L and are considered detections for the purposes of analysis. CH2MHILL®
ES102011122008MKE Site_88_Figure_3-3_TracerStudy_A-A12014_PCE_v2.ai 05.22.15 sls/bp

D'
D North —South
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6
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0 150 300 450 600 750 900 1050 1200 1350 1500 1650 1800 1950 2100 2250
Distance in Feet from D to D'
Figure 3-4
Legend Geologic Cross Section D-D'
9 Notes: PCE Extent — Proposed Horizontal Well Casing(625+450 feet) Tetrachloroethene Concentrations
1.The depth and thickness of the subsurface (dashed where inferred)
Gay Silt strata indicated on this section(profile)were -- Proposed Horizontal Well Screen(500 feet) and Conceptual Layout
generalized from and interpolated between 0.7 pg/L-7 pg/L PCE Concentrations shown are in pg/L Site 88 Tracer Study
Fossiliferous Sand * Screened Interval test locations.Information on actual 1.1 7 pg/L-70 pg/L Top concentration from October 2011 MCI EAST-MCB CAMLEJ
Horizontal:1"=100' subsurface conditions applies only to the Bottom concentration from October 2014 North Carolina
Vertical:1"=40' ecific locations and dates indicated. 70 Ng/L-700 Ng/L
s
Cemented Sand Z Water Table Elevation P
V.E.=10x Subsurface conditions and water levels at - 700 pg/L-7,000 pg/L *PCE detection in well IR88-MW16DW3 in October 2011 was flagged
Sand NS Not Sampled 1 other locations may differ from conditions as a"non-detection"due to PCE in an equipment blank. However,the
occurring at the indicated location. 7,000 pg/L-70,000 Ng/L concentration is similar to previous sampling events and is considered CH2MHILLs
a detection for the purposes of analysis. Allow
ES102011122008MKE Site_88_Figure_3-4_TracerStudy_D-D'_v3.ai 07.14.15 sls

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Legend Figure 3-5 '
• Proposed Vertical Extraction Well Surface Water Centerline Tracer Study Conceptual Layout- Phase II
• Multi-Port •••• Proposed Horizontal Well Screen (500 feet) Site 88 Tracer Study
• Injection Well —Proposed Horizontal Well Casing (625+450 feet) MCIEAST-MCB CAMLEJ
• Middle Castle Hayne Aquifer Monitoring Well - - Proposed Conveyance Lines(Conventional Trenching)
• Lower Castle Hayne Aquifer Monitoring Well —Proposed Conveyance HDD Boring-A-200 feet North Carolina
• Fire Hydrant —Proposed Conveyance HDD Boring-B - 135 feet N
Site 88 Boundary - - — GeoTrax Survey Line 0 62.5 125
Geophysical Survey Area Feet
0 Tracer Study Equipment Compound Staging V cH2MHIL�.
Tracer Study Area 1 inch = 125 feet .1110.

R: NAVFA N ISM BCAMPLEJE 4,.:'F 1 .•1'7 TR R T 8 4 - ' I I •. • • •. •. TRATI•.. •PT.•.. • - I • - ,.-• - 1. - . .. 1
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Olt i IR88-MW23DW 25,700 68,700
660 .IR88-IW07 • , IR88-MWO3DW
ti`t v ` `-"ttlAttit IR88-EXO2MCH 7,- ' 0.5 U
IR88-MW43DW3 -
.
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0.5 U r•
Multi-Port Well Screen (ft bgs) I. ` 1 �-' �'F PCE Extent
Intervals Top Bottom 1 �� 0 µg/L 0.7 µg/L
IR88 MW23MP A 77 82 -- �.y ,' 1� f 0.7 µg/L- 7 µg/L
IR88-MW23MP-B 97 102 .- �' ''h' - ', -lie.-- 7 µg/L 70 µg/L
i ,
• IR88 MW39MP A 76 81 1.�� 70 µg/L- 700 µg/L
IR88-MW39MP-B 96 101 �` `1 1 m 700 µg/L- 7000 µg/L i.
IR88 MW40MP A 74.5 79.5 .. '��� _- lic:illE 7000 µg/L- 70000 µg/L
IR88-MW4OMP-B 89.5 99.5 ' It. �f. _•` v >70000 µg/L
• "Rs. 1. '—•- .7'.- . - c.t a� +" t,
Legend Figure 3-6
• Proposed Vertical Extraction Well Surface Water Centerline Tracer Study Conceptual Layout and
• Multi-Port •••• Proposed Horizontal Well Screen (500 feet) PCE Isoconcentrations - Phase II
• Injection Well — Proposed Horizontal Well Casing (625+450 feet) Site 88 Tracer Study
• Middle Castle Hayne Aquifer Monitoring Well - - Proposed Conveyance Lines (Conventional Trenching) \ MCIEAST-MCB CAMLEJ
• Fire Hydrant — Proposed Conveyance HDD Boring-A- 200 feet N North Carolina
Site 88 Boundary — Proposed Conveyance HDD Boring- B - 135 feet
tI Geophysical Survey Area - - — GeoTrax Survey Line 0 62.5 125
Tracer Study Equipment Compound Staging
.� Feet
Tracer Study Area 1 inch = 125 feet V CH2MHILL.

SECTION 4
Implementation
This section presents the implementation plan for the Site 88 permanganate tracer study.To achieve the project
objectives stated in Section 3.1,the tracer study will be conducted in two phases.The technical approach is
illustrated on Figures 3-1 through 3-6. Key tasks associated with the tracer study are summarized below. In
addition, a project schedule for the key tasks is included in Figure 4-1.
• For Phase I, install one double-ended,4-inch HDD injection well with 625 feet of entry riser casing, 500 feet of
screened interval at target depth of 100 feet bgs,and 450 feet of exit riser casing(Figure 3-1). Conduct
permanganate injections and post-injection geophysical mapping to assess distribution of permanganate in
the subsurface. During injections,samples will be collected from the existing monitoring well network at a
minimum of every 2 hours and inspected visually for changes in color and also field-analyzed for detectable
concentrations of the tracers(permanganate and chloride)to assess distribution and verify results of the
geophysical mapping.
• For Phase II, install three vertical extraction wells and an associated extraction/recirculation system (Figure 3-
5). Operate the recirculation system for 30 days and conduct post-recirculation geophysical mapping to assess
whether recirculation improved distribution of permanganate in the subsurface. During system operation,
routine site visits will be conducted at a minimum of two times per week,at which time,samples will also be
collected from the existing monitoring well network and inspected visually for changes in color and also field-
analyzed for detectable concentrations of the tracers(permanganate and chloride)to assess distribution and verify
results of the geophysical mapping.
• Conduct one groundwater performance monitoring event following completion of the tracer study,to assess
the overall effectiveness of the tracer study field application.
• Complete site restoration.
4.1 NCDENR Underground Injection Control Permit
In accordance with the rules of 15A NCAC 02T.1604, non-discharge groundwater remediation systems are
groundwater treatment systems that extract and treat contaminated groundwater, including closed-loop systems
using injection wells. Prior to implementation of the tracer study,an Application for Permit to Construct a Non-
Discharge Groundwater Remediation System,will be submitted to the NCDENR Division of Water Resources
(DWR) no less than 2 weeks prior to construction activity.A copy of this form is included in Appendix D.
4.2 Site Preparation
4.2.1 Drilling Area Preparation
As illustrated in Figure 3-1, a 90-foot by 90-foot area will be required for drilling and support operations for the
drilling staging area:
• The drill rig will require an approximate 40-foot by 40-foot set-up area. IDW staging, in support of drilling and
well development activities,will require an approximate 20-foot by 35-foot area.The IDW area and drill rig
set-up areas will be surrounded by a silt fence to prevent migration of drilling fluids, mud,or IDW outside of
the work area.All erosion and sediment controls will follow the requirements and best management practices
in the 2009 NCDENR and North Carolina Agricultural Extension Service Erosion and Sediment Control Planning
and Design Manual (Smolen, 1988).
• Temporary construction fencing will be placed around the work area as a safety precaution for nearby
pedestrians to restrict access.
EN0521151022CLT
4-1

PERMANGANATE TRACER STUDY WORK PLAN,SITE 88,OPERABLE UNIT 15
4.2.2 Preliminary Centerline Survey
Prior to well installation,the horizontal coordinates for points along the centerline of the HDD well will be
surveyed by a North Carolina-licensed Professional Land Surveyor.Stakes or pins will be placed every 50 feet
along the 1,575-foot proposed HDD well line to mark the centerline to ensure appropriate placement of the HDD
injection well in relation to the existing monitoring well network and placement of GeoTrax Survey lines.
4.2.3 Utility Location
In advance of intrusive activities, utility locating will be conducted within 20 feet of the proposed HDD well
location,within a 20-foot radius of the three proposed vertical extraction well locations(1R88-EXO1MCH,IR88-
EXO2MCH,and IR88-EXO3MCH),and within 20 feet of the proposed extraction well conveyance lines and
conveyance line borings(Figures 3-1 and 3-5):
• A third-party professional utilities locating subcontractor will be procured to identify subsurface structures
that could be impacted by drilling and HDD well installation activities. In addition,the North Carolina One Call
Center(ULOCO)will be called to mark out utilities.A record of each utility mark-out ticket will be retained to
document that ULOCO was contacted.
• Utilities may be identified using available as-built drawings,and field verified using geophysical instruments,
conductive and inductive utility tracers and locators,air knifing,or other suitable non-destructive intrusive
investigation techniques that would assist in maintaining safety during construction and the protection of the
base infrastructure.
• The lateral extents of suspected subsurface utilities will be clearly marked using a combination of semi-
permanent marking paint, pin flags,or stakes.
4.3 HDD Injection Well Installation
4.3.1 Installation Methods
T e HD.D-1njectign`weli-will be installed as follows:
• The HDD injection well will be installed using directional drilling methods,assuming continuous double-ended
completion.The total drilling distance is estimated to be 1,575 feet to a depth of 100 feet bgs.
• Tracking and steering the drill head will be accomplished by detecting and interpreting an electromagnetic
signal transmitted from the drill head during borehole advancement.
• The double-ended drilling technique that will be used to install�-L��l,L4As=dib �s fo o�ll was.
o First,a pilot borehole is advanced the full distance.The profile of the borehole resembles a shallow
"U"shape,with sloped "header" and"tail"sections and a center portion for the screen that is drilled
as flat as possible.
o Next,after the drill head surface penetrates the ground surface at the distal end,the drill bit is
removed and a reamer tool and pull-back head is attached.The pull-back head is connected to the
well materials and they are pulled back into the reamed borehole.
o Finally,the drill rods are extracted, leaving the horizontal well in place.
• For increased strength during pull-back of the 1,575-foot long well,4-inch diameter F.:R pipes-will be used,
which has three to four times the tensile strength of high density polyethylene(HDPE). FRE is also compatible
with sodium permanganate.
• Drilling fluids will be continuously recycled to minimize waste production,although some waste cuttings will
be generated.Screened cuttings from the recycler will be temporarily stored in lined roll-off boxes.The
estimated volume of waste is approximately 10 cubic yards for every 300 feet drilled.All waste will be
4_2 EN0521151022CLT

SECTION 4-IMPLEMENTATION
contained and managed in accordance with the Investigation and Remediation Waste Management Plan
(WMP) (CH2M HILL, 2013a).
4.3.2 Development and Completion
The HDD injection well development and completion methods are as follows:
• The HDD injection well will be jetted/swabbed and purged until the development water is determined by
CH2M HILL to be relatively free of sand and silt to the maximum extent practicable.Water associated with
development will be contained and managed in accordance with the WMP(CH2M HILL, 2013a).
o Installation of filter pack material is not required or recommended with directional drilling methods in
most cases, however,to mitigate potential surfacing of permanganate solution, an extended length
cement-bentonite grout seal will be installed to a depth of approximately 30 feet below grade
• At the proximal end of the injection well, an approximate 24-inch by 60-inch steel frame access manway,with
a spring assist H-20 rated cover will be installed.The termination of the well will include a 4-inch-diameter
stainless steel female (national pipe thread [NPT])adapter fitted with a 4-inch Schedule 40 stainless-steel plug
(male NPT).The manway will be set in a concrete pad, which measures at least 18-inches wide on all sides of
the vault, 6-inches thick.
4.4 Extraction/Recirculation System Installation
4.4.1 Extraction Well Installation
The three vertical extraction wells will be installed via rotosonic drilling techniques by an experienced North
Carolina-licensed rotosonic well driller, as follows:
• To verify the absence of underground utilities or obstructions, prior to drilling, a hand auger or post hole
digger will be used to advance pilot holes encompassing the maximum outer diameter of the largest drill
casing to be used to a depth of at least 5 feet bgs.
• Following verification that underground utilities or obstructions are absent, drilling will be conducted to the
required depths, as summarized in Table 4-1, and continuous soil cores will be retrieved to allow for
characterization of site lithology and screening for the presence of VOCs using a photoionization detector. Soil
cuttings will be placed in a Department of Transportation (DOT) approved 55-gallon steel drum.
• Each vertical extraction well installed will consist of a 30-foot section of 4-inch 0.010-inch slot Vee-wire polyvinyl
chloride (PVC) screen, connected to threaded flush-joint, Schedule 40 PVC riser to approximately 1 to 2 feet bgs
for a vaulted wellhead completion. Each vault will consist of a 12-inch square steel frame access manway and
connections to subsurface conveyance lines will be made using pitless adapters positioned approximately 3 feet
below ground surface.
TABLE 4-1
Vertical Extraction Well Specifications
Site 88 Tracer Study
MCIEAST-MCB CAMLEJ, North Carolina
Well Identification Estimated Depth Screened Interval Well Diameter Wellhead
(ID)
(feet bgs) (feet bgs) (inches) Completion
IR88-EXO1MCH 115 85-115 4 Vault
IR88-EXO2MCH 115 85-115 4 Vault
IR88-EXO3MCH 115 85-115 4 Vault
Development and completion methods for the three vertical extraction wells are as follows:
EN0521151022CLT 4-3

PERMANGANATE TRACER STUDY WORK PLAN,SITE 88,OPERABLE UNIT 15
• Following extraction well completion, extraction wells will be developed first with a surge block and then by
pumping with a submersible pump. Well development will be considered complete when visible sediment is
removed. Development will not start until the last pumped grout in the well has had at least 24 hours to cure.
• Development water IDW generated will be containerized in DOT-approved 55-gallon steel drums. Drums will —
be staged at a vehicle-accessible location as designated by MCI EAST—MCB CAMLEJ.All waste will be contained
and managed in accordance with the WMP(CH2M HILL, 2013a).
• The extraction wells will be completed with an 18-inch by 18-inch by 0.5-foot thick concrete pad,with a hinged
traffic-rated vault centered in the concrete pad.
• A watertight, locking,expansion cap shall be installed on top of the PVC well casing.
• A metal name plate will be affixed to the surface completion of each extraction well that includes the well number,
' date of installation,size and location of screen,and total depth.
4.4.2 Utility Bore Drilling and Conveyance Line Installation
llation
As depicted on Figure 3-5,conveyance borings are required to connect the injection system at the north side of
the Site with the three proposed vertical extraction wells to the southwest:
• Two borings are required to cross underneath two main roads at the Site(McHugh Boulevard and C Street).
These borings will be installed with directional drilling techniques to a depth of approximately 15 feet bgs to
avoid site utilities and to minimize disruptions to traffic as follows:
o Under McHugh Boulevard (blue colored line, "Proposed Conveyance HDD Boring A"), measuring
approximately 200 feet
o Under C Street, connecting the northernmost of southernmost vertical extraction wells (purple
colored line, "Proposed Conveyance HDD Boring B"), measuring approximately 135 feet
• Two-inch diameter DR 11 HDPE conveyance piping will be pulled through HDD Borings A and B and connected
to 2-inch-diameter DR 11 HDPE conveyance lines installed with conventional trenching to connect the vertical
extraction wells to the recirculation system near the HIW-1 wellhead.
• All conveyance lines will be pressure tested before being capped and direct buried.
• Excess soils generated during borehole drilling and trenching will be contained and managed in accordance
with the WMP (CH2M HILL, 2013a).
L'-•.
4-4 EN0521151022CLT

SECTION 4-IMPLEMENTATION
4.4.3 Extraction/Recirculation System Completion
To complete the extraction/recirculation system,the following tasks will be conducted:
• Installation of a 240-volt single-phase power source and associated electrical poles at the tracer study
equipment compound and in the vicinity of the extraction wells to provide power to the booster pump and
submersible extraction pumps.
• Deployment of downhole submersible extraction pumps within each vertical extraction well,with the pump
intake set to 100 feet bgs.The extraction pumps will be sized to efficiently pump a minimum of 20 gpm from the
extraction wells back to the recirculation trailer.
• Installation of a recirculation trailer.The primary components of the recirculation trailer include a booster
pump, cartridge bag filters to remove fines from groundwater prior to reinjection to mitigate potential
clogging of the injection well screen, as well as dedicated flowmeters, pressure gauges, and throttling valves
for each extraction line and the line.The system will have fail-safe interlock controls, including process line
pressure sensors and pressure transducers to monitor water levels.
• Plumbing of all HDPE extraction/injection line piping to a manifold and the recirculation system trailer.
A process flow diagram of the extraction/recirculation system is detailed on Figure 4-2.
4.5 Phase I Permanganate Injections
As described in Section 3.5 and summarized in Table 4-1, 99,000 gallons of a 2 percent sodium permanganate
solution will be introduced into the MCH aquifer via HDD injection well HIW-1. Based on an estimated 50-gpm
injection rate and assuming injections will be conducted for 10 hours per day, an estimated 3 to 4 days will be
needed to complete the injection event.
Sodium permanganate will be delivered to the Site in 14 260-gallon, or 3,000-pound, totes at a concentration of
40 percent by wt.The 40 percent by wt solution will be diluted to a 2 percent by wt solution using a chemical
dosing pump with a small mixing tank(approximately 500-gallons), referred to hereafter as an injection trailer,to
avoid requiring large mixing tanks on site. Dilution water will be obtained from a fire hydrant located
approximately 350 feet southeast of the tracer study equipment compound staging area, along McHugh
Boulevard, as depicted on Figure 3-1.The fire hydrant will be equipped with a backflow preventer or a minimum
2-foot air gap will be maintained between the hose and water vessel. Road ramps will be used to cover and
protect the fire hose coming from the fire hydrant to the injection trailer.The water and sodium permanganate
will simultaneously be pumped to the mixing tank at the appropriate dilution setting(1 gallon of 40 percent
sodium permanganate for every 20 gallons of dilution water). Sodium chloride will be added to the mixing tank as
required to achieve a subsurface concentration of 800 mg/L.The solution will be thoroughly mixed to ensure the
sodium chloride is dissolved and then be pumped into the HDD injection well through a hose connected to an
injection manifold that will include a flow meter and pressure gauge.
Totes of 40 percent sodium permanganate and the associated injection trailer will be placed within an above-
ground secondary containment area. Spill kits will be placed within the secondary containment area in case of a
leak or spill. Prior to start-up, a leak check will be conducted with water only to ensure the system is devoid of
leaks prior to mixing the permanganate solution. In addition, a neutralizing solution containing equal parts water,
vinegar, and dilute hydrogen peroxide will be kept on site in the event of a spill. Detailed procedures and controls
regarding spill prevention and control will be included in the site-specific Health and Safety Plan (HSP). Safety data
sheets for injectants permanganate and sodium chloride are included in Appendix E.
If necessary, a licensed electrician will be subcontracted to install electrical service to the Site.
EN0521151022CLT 4-5

PERMANGANATE TRACER STUDY WORK PLAN,SITE 88,OPERABLE UNIT 15
4.6 Phase II Extraction/Recirculation System Operation
To evaluate whether extraction/recirculation significantly improves the zone of influence,the groundwater
extraction/recirculation will be operated for approximately 30 days,assuming that operation will be conducted
24 hours per day, 7 days per week.This estimated operation time is based upon time required to extract and
recirculate one pore volume while injecting at 50 gpm and extracting from each of the three vertical extraction
wells at 16.67 gpm in a closed loop system operation (Table 3-1).Although the system will be outfitted with
telemetry to provide an alert if the system shuts down unexpectedly,site visits will also be conducted at a
minimum of twice per week to verify that the system is running according to design and to check for potential
leaks or other issues.Additionally,operations and maintenance of the system will be conducted on an as needed
basis. During site visits, personnel will also collect samples to assess for tracer distribution.
4.7 Permanganate Distribution Monitoring
Subsurface permanganate distribution monitoring will be assessed using two methods.The first method relies on
groundwater sampling to physically confirm the presence of permanganate within existing monitoring wells
located at the Site,by visibly noting the color of the sample and to test the sample for indicator parameters that
the groundwater was impacted by permanganate(primarily an increase in oxidation-reduction potential and in
conductivity).Samples will also-be field-analyzed for tracer concentrations of both permanganate and chloride.
The second method involves the use of geophysical mapping.Additionally,the groundwater sampling results will
be used to confirm/verify the results'of the geophysical mapping. Finally,groundwater elevation monitoring will
be conducted to monitor for potential hydraulic capture zones,or areas where potential influence of the
extraction/recirculation system is observed.
4.7.1 Groundwater Sampling -
Groundwater grab sampling will be conducted during both phases of the tracer study to monitor for
permanganate distribution. Monitoring will assess the zone of influence by permanganate injections and verify
geophysical mapping results. Groundwater samples will be collected using a bailer or peristaltic pump.A summary
of the tracer distribution sampling strategy is included in Table 4-2.As shown in Table 4-2,groundwater samples
will be collected based upon their proximity to the HDD injection well.Groundwater monitoring wells located
closest to the HDD injection well will be sampled initially. If groundwater appears to have a slight pink or purple
color, it will be assumed that permanganate breakthrough has been achieved at that location. In addition,a field
testing kit will be used to estimate the approximate permanganate concentration at that location. Samples will
also be field-analyzed for chloride concentrations,since it is possible that permanganate will be quickly oxidized
following injections.As sampling indicates that breakthrough has occurred, monitoring wells located further away
from the HDD injection well will be sequentially added to the monitoring program.
During Phase I,samples will be collected periodically, at a minimum of every 2 hours,and as often as determined
to be necessary based on field conditions. For Phase II,samples will be collected approximately twice per week
during routine system checks,or more often if determined necessary based on field conditions.
4.7.2 Geophysical Mapping
Post-permanganate injection geophysical mapping will be conducted in the tracer study area in the same
locations where the baseline geophysical mapping survey was conducted (Figure 3-1). Data collected during the
baseline geophysical mapping survey will allow for comparison to data collected following permanganate
injections.The change in subsurface conductivity due to permanganate injections allows the geophysical mapping
equipment to detect the distribution patters of permanganate in the MCH aquifer.
Geophysical mapping events will be conducted as follows:
• A second round of geophysical mapping will be conducted following the Phase I permanganate injection
event. Results would be compared to the baseline geophysical mapping results to assess for permanganate
distribution for an injection-only scenario.
4-6 EN0521151022CLT

SECTION 4-IMPLEMENTATION
A third round of geophysical mapping will be conducted following the Phase II extraction/recirculation component
of the tracer study. Results would be compared to both baseline and post-injection geophysical mapping events to
evaluate any improvement to the achieved zone of influence.
4.8 As-built Survey
Following construction completion, an as-built survey will be conducted to record the location of the newly
installed HDD injection well (1R88-HIW-1),three newly installed extraction wells(IR88-EX01MCH, IR88-EXO2MCH,
and IR88-EXO3MCH)and the location of the conveyance lines.
4.9 Performance Monitoring
Performance monitoring will be conducted to assess the effectiveness of the tracer study field application
following the completion of the tracer study.The most recent results from the site-wide groundwater sampling
event conducted in October 2014 will serve as the baseline data to quantify the reduction in COC concentrations
(when compared to post-ISCO application groundwater sampling results). Groundwater samples will also be
analyzed for permanganate and chloride via field kits to assess for distribution of the injected solution.
Performance monitoring samples
Samples will be collected from up to 20 locations within the tracer study area (Figure 3-1), including but not
limited to, 6 monitoring wells, 1 multi-port well (with 6 discreet sampling intervals),and 4 injection wells.All of
the samples will be analyzed for the site-specific COCs and field-analyzed natural attenuation indicator
parameters(NAIPs)as follows:
• cVOC COCs by SW-846USEPA:
o PCE
o TCE
o cis-1,2-DCE
o trans-1,2-DCE
o VC
• Field NAIPs:
o Permanganate(CHEMetrics kit—Ferrous Ammonium Sulfate Method)
o Chloride(CHEMetrics kit—Mercuric Nitrate Method)
o Ferrous iron (Hach kit—Phenanthroline Method)
o Nitrate/nitrite(Hach kit—Cadmium Reduction/Diazotization Method)
o Specific conductivity(Water Quality Meter—Methods 2510, USEPA 120.1)
o pH/Oxidation-Reduction Potential (Water Quality Meter—Method 2580)
o Temperature(Water Quality Meter—USEPA 170,1)
o Turbidity(USEPA Method 180.1)
Groundwater samples will be collected using low flow techniques in accordance with the Groundwater Sampling
and Analysis Plan, Pilot Studies Site 88—Operable Unit No. 15, Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune,Jacksonville,
North Carolina(CH2M HILL, 2010b).
Groundwater sampling results will be compared to North Carolina Groundwater Quality Standards and the results
will be incorporated into the Draft Final FS.
Sampling Equipment Decontamination and IDW Management
All non-disposable sampling equipment will be decontaminated immediately after each use in accordance with
the Groundwater Sampling and Analysis Plan, Pilot Studies Site 88—Operable Unit No. 15, Marine Corps Base
Camp Lejeune,Jacksonville, North Carolina (CH2M HILL,2010b).All IDW resulting from the low-flow sampling at
Site 88 will be contained in 5-gallon buckets and transported for disposal at the wastewater treatment plant
located at Lot 203 on Piney Green Road, in accordance with the,WMP (CH2M HILL, 2013a). Disposable equipment,
EN0521151022CLT 4_7

PERMANGANATE TRACER STUDY WORK PLAN,SITE 88,OPERABLE UNIT 15
including personal protective equipment, polyethylene tubing, paper towels, and latex gloves,will be disposed of
as-ordinary solid waste.
If purge water contains unspent permanganate,a neutralizing solution containing equal parts water,vinegar,and
dilute hydrogen peroxide will be used to neutralize the solution prior to disposal.
4.10 Site Restoration
Following completion of the tracer study,the surface area disturbed by the system construction will be restored
by patching to match the adjacent ground surfaces. Restoration activities will also include removing the
equipment compound from the site.The HDD injection well and vertical extraction wells will remain in place for
potential use as part of the remedial action.
4-8 EN0521151022CLT

TABLE 4-2
Tracer Distribution Sampling Summary
Site 88 Tracer Study
MCIEAST-MCB CAMLEJ
North Carolina
Well Screened Interval Oxidation-
Depth Diameter (ft bgs) Depth to Reduction
Well ID (ft bgs) (inches) Top Bottom Groundwater* Color Conductivity pH Potential Permanganate Chloride Grouping**
Upper Middle Castle Hayne A uifer
IR88-MW18DW 22.59� 85 2 80 X X X X X X X 2
IR88-MW39MP-A 81 NA 76 81 X X X X X X 1
Lower Middle Castle Hayne Aquifer
IR88-IW05 110 4 90 110 X X X X X X X 1
IR88-IW06 110 4 90 110 X X X X X X 1
1R88-1W07 110 4 90 110 X X X X X X 1
IR88-IW08 110 4 90 110 X
IR88-MW39MP-B 101 NA 96 101 X X X X X X 1
IR88-MW43DW3 100 2 95 100 X X X X X X 2
IR88-MW44DW3 100 2 95 100 X X X X X X X 2
IR88-MW45DW3 100 2 95 100 X X X X X. X 3
IR88-MW46DW3 100 2 95 100 X X X X X X 4
IR88-MW47DW3 100 2 95 100 X X X X X X X 4
IR88-EX01MCH 115 4 85 115 X X X X X X 5
IR88-EXO2MCH 115 4 85 115 X X X X X X 5
IR88-EXO3MCH 115 4 85 115 X X X X X X 5
Upper Lower Castle Hayne Aquifer
1R88-MW18DW3 120 2 115 120 X X X X X X X 3
IR88-MW39MP-C 121 NA 116 121 X X X X X X 1
Notes:
ft bgs-feet below ground surface
*Gauging would be conducted during injections and extraction/recirculation operations to assess potential hydraulic influence
**Groupings based upon how far sample location is from injection well. Sampling will initially focus on existing monitoring wells located closest to the injection well,and move out laterally as
breakthrough is observed:
-Group 1:Initial group of wells to monitor;located within 20 feet of the HDD injection well
-Group 2:Wells selected for monitoring once breakthrough is observed in nearest Group 1 monitoring wells;located within 20 to 30 feet of the HDD injection well
-Group 3:Wells selected for monitoring once breakthrough is observed in nearest Group 2 monitoring wells,likely during Phase II;located within 30 to 40 feet of the HDD injection well
-Group 4:Wells selected for monitoring once breakthrough is observed in nearest Group 3 monitoring wells,likely during latter portion of Phase II;located within 80 to 90 feet of the HDD injection well
-Group 5:Extraction wells will be monitored for breakthrough during the latter portion of Phase II;located 180 feet from the HDD injection well
Page 1 of 1

ID 8l I ask Name Duration Start l Finish Predecesso,2015 Qtr 2,2015 Qtr 3,2015 Qtr 4,2015 Qtr 1,201 b utr 2,2016
i FeblMar AprlMaylJun Jul(Aug Sep Oct INovIDec Jan lFeblMar AprlMaylJun
1 Site 88 Tracer Test 325 days Mon 3/2/15 Fri 5/27/16 W .
2 Work Plan 113 days Mon 3/2/15 Wed 8/5115
3 ® Work Planning 60 days Mon 3/2/15 Fri 5/22/15
4 Draft Work Plan-Partnering Team Review 30 days Mon 5/25/15 Fri 7/3/15 3 Elitim
5 Respond to Comments 12 days Mon 7/6/15 Tue 7/21/15 4
6 Comment Resolution 7 days Wed 7/22/15 Thu 7/30/15 5
' 7 Final Work Plan 4 days Fri 7/31/15 Wed 8/5/15 6,4,5 tat 8/5
8 Phase I-Permanganate Injections 35 days Mon 9/21/15 Fri 11/6/15 Rip .
9 .... Utility Locating/Centerline Survey 5 days Mon 9/21/15 Fri 9/25/15 c_
10 HDD Well Installation and Development 15 days Mon 9/28/15 Fri 10/16/15 9
11 Permanganate Injections 10 days Mon 10/19/15 Fri 10/30/15 10 10/30
12 Post-Injection Geophysical Mapping 5 days Mon 11/2/15 Fri 11/6/15 11
13 Phase II-Extraction/Recirculation 65 days Mon 9/21/15 Fri 12/18/15 .1 ..+.1
14 Utility Locating 5 days Mon 9/21/15 Fri 9/25/15 9SS 'I
15 Vertical Extraction Well Installation and 8 days Mon 9/28/15 Wed 10/7/15 14 *r-,
Development
16 Extraction/Recirculation System Construction 15 days Thu 10/8/15 Wed 10/28/15 15 I♦ 10/28
17 Extraction/Recirculation System Operation 25 days Mon 11/9/15 Fri 12/11/15 12 12/11
18 Post-Recirculation Geophysical Mapping 5 days Mon 12/14/15 Fri 12/18/15 17
19 Post-Recirculation Performance Monitoring 5 days Mon 12/14/15 Fri 12/18/15 17
20 Sample Management 60 days Mon 12/21/15 Fri 3/11/16
21 Lab Analysis 30 days Mon 12/21/15 Fri 1/29/16 18
22 Data Validation 15 days Mon 2/1/16 Fri 2/19/16 21
23 Data Management 15 days Mon 2/22/16 Fri 3/11/16 22
24 Technical Memorandum 70 days Mon 2/22/16 Fri 5/27/16 iiimmomo.
25 Draft TM 30 days Mon 2/22/16 Fri 4/1/16 23FS-15 da
26 Draft TM-Base and Navy Review 15 days Mon 4/4/16 Fri 4/22/16 25
27 Draft TM-Partnering Team Review 15 days Mon 4/25/16 Fri 5/13/16 26
28 Final TM(Final date may vary-TM to be 10 days Mon 5/16/16 Fri 5/27/16 27 ♦ 5/2
submitted as an Appendix to Draft Final FS)
Task NIMII Inactive Milestone Finish-only
Split Inactive Summary External Tasks O
Figure 4-1-Project Schedule Milestone ♦ Manual Task ') External Milestone
Site 88 Tracer Study Summary IIP . Duration-only Progress —
MCIEAST-MCB CAMLEJ,North Carolina
Project Summary Wommimmill. Manual Summary Rollup • Deadline v
External Tasks Manual Summary ♦
External Milestone ♦ Start-only mmiimi
Page 1

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•
•
TABLE A-1
Exceedances in the MCH Aquifer(75-115 ft bgs)
Site 88 Tracer Study •
MCIEAST-MCB CAMLEJ
North Carolina
Station ID IR88-GWEXO8DW IR88-MWO2DW IR88-MWO3DW IR88-MWO4DW IR88=MW05DW IR88-MWO6DW IR88-MWO7DW IR88-MWO7DW IR88-MW11DW IR88-MW12DW IR88-MW14DW IR88-MW15DW
NCGWQS
Sample ID IR88-GWEXO8DW-14D IR88-GWO2DW-14D IR88-GWO3DW-14D IR88-GWO4DW-14D IR88-GWO5DW-14D IR88-GWO6DW-04D IR88-GWO7DW-14D IR88-GWO7DWD-14D IR88-GW11DW-14D IR88-GW12DW-14D IR88-GW14DW-14D IR88-GW15DW-14D
Sample Date (April 10/25/14 10/23/14 10/22/14 10/24/14 10/25/14 10/16/04 10/23/14 10/23/14 10/22/14 10/23/14 10/23/14 10/22/14
Chemical Name • -
Volatile Organic Compounds(Ng/I)
Benzene 1 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.5 U 5U _ 10 U 0.5 U. 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.5 U
cis-1,2-Dichloroethene - 70 0.5 U 24.1 0.5 U 1.13 1,600 57 4.36 4.3 0.612 J 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.521 J
Naphthalene 6 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.5 U 5U NA _ 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.5 U
Tetrachloroethene 0.7 0.5 U 0.323 J 0.5 U 0.5 U 188 10 U 5.97 5.63 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.5 U_
trans-1,2-Dichloroethene 100 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.5 U 8.65 J 3 J 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.5 U
Trichloroethene 3 0.5 UJ 1.7 0.5 U 4.78 412 70 2.69 2.65 3.76 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.5 U
Vinyl chloride 0.03 0.5 U 0.416 J _ , 0.5 U 0.5 U 5U 10 U 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.5 U
Notes:
Bold box indicates exceedance of NCGWQS
(April 2013)
NA-Not analyzed
D-Compound identified in an analysis at a
secondary dilution factor
J-Analyte present,value may or may not be
accurate or precise
U-The material was analyzed for,but not
detected I
UJ-Analyte not detected,quantitation limit
may be inaccurate
cells/ml-Cells per milliliter
gc/ml-Gene copies per milliliter
mg/I-Milligrams per literI
-
pgA-Micrograms per liter
l
Page 1 of 4

.
TABLE A-1
Exceedances in the MCH Aquifer(75-115 ft bgs)
Site 88 Tracer Study
MCIEAST-MCB CAMLEJ -
North Carolina
Station ID IR88-MW16DW2 IR88-MW17DW IR88-MW18DW IR88-MW18DW2 IR88-MW18DW3 IR88-MW19DW IR88-MW20DW IR88-MW21DW IR88-MW22DW IR88-MW23DW
NCGWQS
Sample ID. IR88-GW16DW2-14D IR88-GW17DW-14D IR88-GW18DW-14D IR88-GW18DW2-14D IR88-GW18DW3-14D IR88-GW19DW-14D IR88-GW2ODWD-07C IR88-GW21DW-07C IR88-GW22DW-07C IR88-GW23DW-14D_ IR88-GW23DWD-14D
(April 2013)
Sample Date 10/23/14 10/23/14 10/22/14 10/22/14 10/21/14 10/23/14. 08/08/07 08/12/07 08/09/07 10/22/14 10/22/14
Chemical Name -
Volatile Organic Compounds(pg/I)
Benzene 1 25 U 0.5 U 1 U 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.5 U 5U 2.5 U
cis-1,2-Dichloroethene 70 4,410 0.5 U 0.768 J 0.5 U 0.5 U - 0.5 U - 0.5 UJ 0.5 UJ 0.5 U - 3.82 J 4.11 J
Naphthalene 6 25 U 0.5 U 1 U 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.5 U NA NA NA 5 U 2.5 U
Tetrachloroethene 0.7 2,290 0.5 U 216 0.5 U 0.602 J 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.5 U 660 569
trans-1,2-Dichloroethene 100 25 0.5 U 1 U 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.5 UJ 0.5 UJ 0.5 U 5 U 2.5 U
Trichloroethene 3 1,460 ' 0.5 U 23.3 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.5 U 80.5 73.3
Vinyl chloride 0.03 25 U 0.5 U 1 0.5 U . 0.5 U 0.5 U - 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.5 U 5 U 2.5 U
Notes:
Bold box indicates exceedance of NCGWQS -
(April 2013) __ - ` -
NA-Not analyzed
D-Compound identified in an analysis at a
secondary dilution factor
J-Analyte present,value may or may not be
accurate or precise - -
U-The material was analyzed for,but not -
detected
UJ-Analyte not detected,quantitation limit -
may be inaccurate
cells/ml-Cells per milliliter •
-
gc/ml-Gene copies per milliliter
mg/I-Milligrams per liter -
ligll-Micrograms per liter
ti
•
• Page 2 of 4

TABLE A-1
Exceedances in the MCH Aquifer (75-115 ft bgs)
Site 88 Tracer Study
MCIEAST-MCB CAMLEJ
North Carolina 1
Station ID IR88-MW23MP IR88-MW24DW IR88-MW32DW IR88-MW33DW IR88-MW34DW IR88-MW35DW IR88-MW36DW IR88-MW37DW IR88-MW38DW
NCGWQS
Sample ID IR88-GW23MP=A-14D IR88-GW23MP-B-14D IR88-GW24DW-14D IR88-GW32DW-14D IR88-GW33DW-14D IR88-GW34DW-14D IR88-GW35DW-11D IR88-GW35DWD-11D IR88-GW36DW-14D IR88-GW37DW-14D IR88-GW38DW-14D
(April 2013)
Sample Date 10/22/14 10/22/14 10/23/14 10/25/.14 10/23/14 10/24/14 10/15/11 10/15/11 10/23/14 -10/24/14 10/24/14
Chemical Name
Volatile Organic Compounds(pg/l) - _
Benzene 1 0.5 U 25 U 0.5 U 1U 5U 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.5 U
cis-1,2-Dichloroethene 70 2.25 126 0.374 J 1,U 33.6 1.12 14.2 14.4 0.638 J 0.5 U 0.5 U
Naphthalene 6 0.5 U 25 U 0.5 U 1 U 5 U 0.5 U NA NA 0.5 U 0.5.0 0.5 U
-
Tetrachloroethene 0.7 27.9 8,120 0.5 U - 1 U 1,380 0.337 J 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.5 U
trans-1,2-Dichloroethene 100 0.5 U 25 U 0.5 U 1 U 5 U 0.5 U NA NA 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.5 U
Trichloroethene 3 2.65 971 0.5 U 1 U 216 0.397 J 0.5 U 0.5 U • 2.19 0.5 U 0.5 U
Vinyl chloride 0.03 0.5 U 25 U 0.5 U 1 U 5 U - 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.5 U 0.5 U
Notes: -
Bold box indicates exceedance of NCGWQS
(April 2013)
NA-Not analyzed
D-Compound identified in an analysis at a -
secondary dilution facto
J-Analyte present,value may or may not be _
accurate or precise -
U-The material was analyzed for,but not
detected
UJ-Analyte not detected,quantitation limit •
may be inaccurate
cells/ml-Cells per milliliter
gc/ml-Gene copies per milliliter
mg/I-Milligrams per liter
pg/I-Micrograms per liter • -
Page 3 of 4

•
TABLE A-1
Exceedances in the MCH Aquifer(75-115 ft bgs) •
Site 88 Tracer Study
• MC/EAST-MCB CAMLEJ
North Carolina
•
Station ID IR88-MW39MP _ IR88-MW4OMP IR88-MW43DW3 IR88-MW44DW3 IR88-MW45DW3 IR88-MW46DW3 IR88-MW47DW3
NCGWQS
Sample ID IR88-GW39MP-A-14D IR88-GW39MP-B-14D IR88-GW4OMP-A-14D IR88-GW4OMP-B-14D _ IR88-GW43DW3-14D IR88-GW44DW3-14D IR88-GW45DW3-14D IR88-GW46DW3-14D IR88-GW46DW3D-14D IR88-GW47DW3-14D_
(April 2013)
Sample Date 10/21/14 10/21/14 _ 10/23/14 10/23/14 , 10/21/14 10/21/14 10/21/14 10/21/14 10/21/14 . 10/21/14
Chemical Name
Volatile Organic Compounds(pg/I)
Benzene 1 50 U 250 U 250 U _ 100 U 25 U . 250 U 250 U - 100 U 50 U 125 U
cis-1,2-Dichloroethene 70 932 658 410 J 221 136 3,970- 498 J 329 333- 330
Naphthalene 6 50 U 250 U 250 U 100 U 25.U 100 U 250 U 100 U 50 U 125 U
Tetrachloroethene 0.7 14,700 99,800 43,100. ': 13,100 6,330 57,200 68,700 - 13,500 19,500 : 25,700
trans-1,2-Dichloroethene - 100 50 U 250 U 250 U —100 U 25 U 100 U 250 U 100 U 50 U 125 U
Trichloroethene 3 1,080 - - 2,430 1,850 985 833 1,020. 2,420 , 1,190 . 1,330 . 2,050
Vinyl chloride 0.03 246 _ 321 J 261 J 150 J 25 U - 100-U 250 U 100 U 50 U ' ' 125 U
Notes: - .
Bold box indicates exceedance of NCGWQS
(April 2013)
NA-Not analyzed - —
D-Compound identified in an analysis at a -
secondary dilution facto!
J-Analyte present,value may or may not be
accurate or precise
U-The material was analyzed for,but not
detected
UJ-Analyte not detected,quantitation limit
may be inaccurate —
cells/ml-Cells per milliliter - -
gc/ml-Gene copies per milliliter
mg/I-Milligrams per liter
pg/I-Micrograms per liter -
•
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Results of Pre-Injection Field Work
Aestus' geophysical survey work yielded high quality/high resolution two-dimensional (2-D)
electrical resistivity images of the subsurface at Site 88 from the locations shown on Figure PV-
1. The final 2-D survey images (see Figures 1 through 3) are presented in one custom (site
specific) color contouring scheme as discussed below in Section 6.1 (Development of Site
Specific Color Contouring Scheme) of this report.
Interim Conclusions Following Pre-Injection Field Work
Aestus offers the following interim conclusions, which are discussed in more detail in Section
7.0 of this report:
1. Aestus has determined that the pre-injection imaging data collected during field work in
October 2014 meets our quality standards and will provide an acceptable baseline set of
images to use for comparison to the post-injection images.
2. Aestus will provide conclusions related to distribution of injected permanganate solution
in our forthcoming Post-Injection Interim Report. Post-injection imaging work is currently
scheduled for the summer months of 2015.
3. Aestus' imagery indicates that previous vertical injection work at Site 88 appears to have
affected and readily flowed within the zone between approximately 50 and 100 feet BGS
(see further discussion in Section 7.3.2). Therefore CH2M Hill may want to focus on this
zone with the horizontal injection well.
4. It is important that the planned horizontal injection well be placed such that Aestus'
downgradient survey lines can detect injectate migrating in a reasonable project
timeframe as a function of the Site 88 groundwater gradient and/or injection pressures.
Please see related recommendations in Section 8.1 and 8.2.
5. Blue colored zones (10 to 75 Ohm-m) below the top of the Castle Haynes Aquifer
(yellow dashed line in Figures 1 through 3) occur laterally between 0 and 400 feet from
Electrode 1 in all three survey images, and likely correspond to the presence of 2010
ISCO injectate.
6. Subsurface zones with resistivity values of < 10 Ohm-m (purple colored zones) above
—125' AMSL are anomalous and likely due to signatures from bioactivity. Typical
geologic formations tend to have resistivity values higher than 10 Ohm-m and Aestus
expects this would be true for Site 88 where the geology is predominantly sandy.
7. Darker brown high zones (>1000 Ohm-m) below the Castle Hayne Formation (yellow
dashed line in images) have higher resistivity values than expected for this site, and
could potentially reflect zones with DNAPL-related impacts and/or zones with coarser
grained and/or more cemented geology (see graphic below and Figure 1). These
anomalous zones detected by Aestus exist in areas with no proximate monitoring well
data. Confirmation drilling would be required to verify the cause of these anomalous
zones.
8. Site biogeochemical conditions (i.e., from previous ISCO work and/or bioactivity) and/or
metallic utility signatures may be partially or fully masking a potential DNAPL signature
in some areas (see discussion of hierarchy of electrical signatures in Section 2.3.2 and
Conclusions in Section 7.3.4 ).
AtUS
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
COVER PAGE 1
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 2
TABLE OF CONTENTS 4
LIST OF ACRONYMS 6
LIST OF TABLES 7
LIST OF FIGURES 8
LIST OF APPENDICES 9
1.0 PROJECT OVERVIEW 10
1.1 Project Objectives 10
1.2 Site Location and Description 10
1.2.1 Site Background 11
1.2.2 Site Geology and Hydrogeology 11
1.3 Scope of Work 11
1.4 Project Schedule 12
2.0 METHODOLOGY 13
2.1 GeoTrax SurveyTM Technology Overview 13
2.2 GeoTrax SurveyTM Used for Injection Monitoring (Transient Monitoring) 14
2.3 Technology Limitations 14
2.3.1 Metallic Interference 14
2.3.2 Calibration of Electrical Imagery to Analytical Data Is Required 14
2.3.3 Confirmation Drilling Typically Required 15
2.3.4 Special Considerations for Injection Monitoring (Transient Monitoring) 15
2.4 Geophysical Survey Data Acquisition Activities 15
2.5 Data Processing 16
2.6 Historical Data Integration onto 2-D Subsurface Images 16
2.7 Historical & Subsurface Image Data Integration into 3-D 17
3.0 EQUIPMENT USED 18
4.0 QUALITY CONTROL 19
4.1 Quality Control (QC)Tests 19
4.1.1 Receiver Test 19
4.1.2 Switchbox Relay Test 19
4.1.3 Cable Test 19
4.1.4 Contact Resistance Test 19
A
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4.2 Non-Proprietary Raw Data Files 20
5.0 RESULTS 21
6.0 DATA INTERPRETATION 22
6.1 Development of Site Specific Custom Color Contouring Scheme 22
6.2 Discussion of Multiple Color Schemes in 3-D 22
7.0 CONCLUSIONS 24
7.1 Assess Distribution of Injected Permanganate Solution 24
7.2 Optimize Location/Depth of Horizontal Injection Well 24
7.3 Provide Additional Site Characterization Information 25
7.3.1 Geology 25
7.3.2 Injectate and Metallic Utilities 26
7.3.3 Bioactivity 29
7.3.4 DNAPL-Related Impacts 30
8.0 RECOMMENDATIONS 32
8.1 Meeting to Discuss Injection Well Placement and Injectate Specifications 32
8.2 Planning for Phase II Post Injection GeoTrax SurveyTM Work 32
8.3 3-D Visualization Model Review 32
8.4 Web Conference Review 32
8.5 Follow-up Confirmation Drilling 32
TABLES
FIGURES
APPENDICES
A
estus
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LIST OF ACRONYMS
AGI Advanced Geosciences, Inc. (2121 Geoscience Dr., Austin, TX 78726, USA)
AMSL Above Mean Sea Level
AST Aboveground Storage Tank
BGS Below Ground Surface
COC Contaminant of Concern
CSM Conceptual Site Model
DNAPL Dense Non-aqueous Phase Liquid
EC Electrical conductivity, mS/cm (millisiemens per centimeter)
ERD Enhanced Reductive Dechlorination
ERI Electrical Resistivity Imaging
EVO Emulsified Vegetable Oil
ISCO In-situ Chemical Oxidation
ORP Oxidation-reduction potential, mV (millivolts)
PCE Tetrachloroethene
PI Ds Reading from a Photoionization Detector, ppm (parts per million)
TCE Trichloroethene
UST Underground storage tank
VC Vinyl Chloride
VOC Volatile Organic Compound
3-D Three-dimensional model visualizations produced by RockWorksTM 15 software
(RockWare® Inc., 2221 East St. #1, Golden, CO 80401, USA)
estus
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LIST OF TABLES
Table 1 Electrode Spacing, Survey Line Length, and Survey Depth
Table 2 GeoTrax SurveyTM End Electrode Land Survey Coordinates
Table 3 Distance Along Survey Line from Electrode No. 1 (5.0 m electrode spacing)
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LIST OF FIGURES
TITLE PAGE
Figure LS-1 Legends and Symbols
Figure LS-2 Interpretive Electrical Resistivity Scale (Site Specific)
Figure PV-1 Plan View- As-Built GeoTrax SurveyTM Transect Locations
Figure 1 GeoTrax SurveyTM 2-D Vertical Subsurface Image S88-01
Figure 2 GeoTrax SurveyTM 2-D Vertical Subsurface Image S88-02
Figure 3 GeoTrax SurveyTM 2-D Vertical Subsurface Image S88-03
Figure 4 Representative Site Photos (GeoTrax SurveyTM Data Acquisition)
Figure 5 GeoTrax Survey TM Horizontal Elevation Slice at 77' AMSL (-100' BGS)
with Utilities and 2010 Injectate Extent (3-D Visualization Model
Perspective View)
4.4stus
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LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix A Aestus' GeoTrax SurveyTM Data Acquisition Field Notes
Appendix B Daily Instrument QC Logs
Electronic Appendix E-1 Site Photographs
Electronic Appendix E-2 XYZR GeoTrax SurveyTM Data Output Files
Electronic Appendix E-3 3-D Visualization Model and Free Viewer Software
Electronic Appendix E-4 Raw Data Files for Client QC (collected w/ standard ERI method)
t
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1.0 PROJECT OVERVIEW
Aestus, LLC (Aestus) performed its GeoTrax SurveyTM subsurface imaging at Site 88 at
MCIEAST-MCB CAMLEJ (Site 88) located in Jacksonville, North Carolina. This high-resolution
subsurface geophysical mapping technology is being used in a phased approach to help assess
the distribution of permanganate solution that will be injected into the subsurface via a horizontal
well and distributed via a recirculation system in the context of a permanganate tracer study.
GeoTrax SurveyTM data can also be used in most cases to help identify subsurface locations
where dense non-aqueous phase liquids (DNAPL) are present in the subsurface and to optimize
injection well locations. However, for this project the primary focus is mapping distribution of
injectate as site logistical and access constraints prevent Aestus from performing its' typical grid
layout for site characterization work, and the horizontal injection well location needed to be
selected in advance, to be able to properly locate our transect lines at a downgradient location
(see Figure PV-1). To the extent possible, Aestus will offer interpretations based on our
geophysical data regarding contaminant distribution and recommendations for injection well
depth targets.
Aestus' imaging technology provides tremendous data density (thousands of proprietary
electrical resistivity imaging samples at a resolution of approximately 2.5 meters horizontally
and vertically) in a 2-D plane for site characterization, which overcomes the inherent limitation of
standard approaches using only one-dimensional data points (via borings/monitoring wells)
installed without the benefit of imaging targets. These image data were integrated with
historical data to develop a better understanding of the subsurface at Site 88.
This report outlines the activities and results of Phase I (pre-injection surveys).
1.1 Project Objectives
The project objectives of this investigation program were to use Aestus' imaging technology to
assist CH2M Hill with the following over-all project goals:
1. Help assess the distribution of permanganate solution that will be injected into the
subsurface via a horizontal well and distributed via a recirculation system (via —3 vertical
extraction wells) for a permanganate tracer study
2. Assist CH2M Hill with confirming the target location and depth of the planned horizontal
injection well shown in Figure PV-1
3. To the extent possible, use the pre-injection imagery to help CH2M Hill interpret
subsurface locations where dense non-aqueous phase liquids (DNAPL) are present in
the subsurface and/or other site characterization issues of interest.
1.2 Site Location and Description
Site 88 is located near the intersection of McHugh Boulevard and Virginia Dare Drive, at
MCIEAST-MCB CAMLEJ located in Jacksonville, North Carolina.
I
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1.2.1 Site Background
The following site background information is summarized from documents provided to Aestus by
CH2M Hill:
• Site 88 has a groundwater contaminant plume dominated by chlorinated solvents as the
primary COC. A dry cleaning facility located within building 25, which operated from the
1940s to 2004, contributed to the chlorinated solvent plume.
• Initially, five 750-gallon underground storage tanks (USTs) were installed north of the
building to store VarsolTM.
• 1970s: One 150-gallon above-ground storage tank (AST) was installed to store the
VarsolTM replacement, PCE, in the vicinity of the original USTs. The tank was used until
1995. Former employees reported that used PCE was disposed of in floor drains.
• December 1986 and March 1995, self-contained dry cleaning machines were installed
which eliminated the need for PCE storage.
• November 1995: Both the USTs and AST were removed.
• August 2004: The dry cleaning building was demolished.
1.2.2 Site Geology and Hydrogeology
The geology and hydrogeology at Site 88 are important factors that control movement of COC
and the planned injectate, and also are critical in the interpretation of the subsurface imaging
data. There are four principal formations underlying the vicinity of Site 88 (listed from
shallowest to deepest):
1. Undifferentiated sediments/surficial aquifer consisting of fine sand and silt
2. Belgrade Formation/Castle Hayne semi-confining unit consisting of clayey silt and silty
clay (-5-7 ft thickness, discontinuous)
3. River Bend Formation /upper Castle Hayne aquifer consisting of much more dense,
sand with silt and shells (-55-60' BGS)
4. Castle Hayne Formation/middle & Lower Castle Hayne (>-60' BGS)
The main aquifer has a groundwater surface at -80 feet BGS, and consists of fine to medium
sand with silt and clay. Also, shallow groundwater is found at -10-12 feet BGS, with a
downward vertical gradient.
1.3 Scope of Work
Aestus' scope of work for this project was to use our subsurface imaging technology to scan the
earth's subsurface (i.e., to depths of -184 feet) at three transect locations selected jointly by
CH2M Hill and Aestus (see Figure PV-1). These transects were located immediately
downgradient of the planned horizontal injection well (see Figure PV-1) such that Aestus can
perform pre and post- injection imaging of in-situ chemical oxidation compounds.
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The final electrode spacing and resulting survey line length and imaging depth at Site 88 are
shown in the legend on Figure PV-1 and are also listed in Table 1. The end electrode land
survey coordinates are summarized in Table 2. The distance along each survey line from
Electrode 1 is provided in Table 3.
Figure PV-1 also shows the location and orientation (i.e., the green ends of the survey lines
represent Electrode 1 and the red ends represent Electrode 56) of the surveys performed at Site
88. As shown in Figure PV-1, the survey transects extend from the field north of Virginia Dare
Drive to the southeast and end in the field located northwest of Building 6. The ground surface
of the site is primarily grassy, though some electrode stakes were installed in Virginia Dare
Drive, Post Lane, and the parking lot to the west of Building 3.
Aestus land surveyed the locations of the GeoTrax SurveyTM lines using our total station and
established Site 88 control points with known coordinate system and datum. The imaging data
were integrated with historical drilling data to help guide horizontal well placement.
1.4 Project Schedule
The nature of injection monitoring work requires two (potentially three) mobilizations by Aestus
to perform the following data acquisition events along the same exact transect line locations:
4. Phase I: Pre-Injection Surveys; acquire pre-injection baseline images
5. Phase II: Post-Injection Surveys; track injectate following injection
6. Phase Ill: Post-Recirculation Surveys; track injectate following recirculation (if this phase
of work is ultimately authorized by CH2M Hill)
A detailed timeline for project work completed to date is shown below:
• October 21 through 26, 2014: Phase I data acquisition field work
• November 13, 2014: Aestus submit preliminary figures and technical memorandum with
interim pre-injection data
• November 17, 2014: Discuss preliminary results with CH2M Hill via Aestus hosted web
conference
• January 13, 2015: Received comments on Draft Pre-Injection Interim Report submittal
from CH2M Hill
• February through April, 2015; Aestus field questions from CH2M Hill regarding
geophysical QC data provided
• April 23, 2015: This Pre-Injection Interim Report is being submitted to CH2M Hill
Initially, injection work was planned for February 2015. Currently it is anticipated that CH2M
Hill's injection activities and Phase II post-injection monitoring work by Aestus will be performed
during the summer of 2015.
AtuS
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2.0 METHODOLOGY
This section provides an overview of the technology used and a general description of the data
acquisition, data processing and interpretation processes, with special reference to features and
activities specific to the Site 88 project
2.1 GeoTrax Survey TM Technology Overview
Aestus' uses a non-intrusive proprietary form of electrical resistivity imaging (ERI) technology to
scan the subsurface of environmentally impacted sites for a variety of anomalies, including
those associated with dense and light non-aqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs/LNAPLs) and
related dissolved phase contamination. This technology has been successfully used for a
number of other applications including mapping geology, locating other subsurface
environmental impacts, leaking pipelines, buried tanks, landfill and burial pit boundaries, and
presence or absence of contaminant transport channels/preferential migration pathways. The
use of this technology for Injection Monitoring (i.e., transient monitoring via imagery over time) is
discussed in more detail below in Section 2.2.
Electrical resistivity measurements have been used since the 1830's to interpret the earth.
Electrical resistivity imaging (ERI) works by imparting an electrical current into the ground, and
then measuring voltage at one or more other locations along a straight survey line/transect.
Based on these data, the apparent resistivity of subsurface materials is calculated using Ohm's
Law. These measurements are then inverted to provide measurements of model resistivity or
true resistivity at regular points. For this report, these data will be referred to as resistivity data
or electrical resistivity data.
Similar to a single pixel in a digital photo, a single resistivity measurement does not yield
significant information. However, modern ERI acquisition instruments combined with modern
computer processing speeds facilitate hundreds or thousands of resistivity measurements in a
short timeframe. These measurements are performed along a survey alignment and are
subsequently used to produce a two-dimensional (2-D) electrical image (analogous to a CAT-
scan in the medical industry) of the subsurface that graphically illustrates the presence or
absence of subsurface anomalies and provides quantitative measurements of the subsurface
resistivity. The 2-D continuous images help minimize interpolation between 1-D data points
such as soil borings or wells, and assist in confirming or redefining conceptual site models.
Aestus' technology is based on conventional electrical resistivity imaging (ERI) techniques
developed decades ago in its original form. However, we have worked with Oklahoma State
University (OSU) to vastly improve the core technology specifically for use in the environmental
industry. Aestus is currently the sole worldwide licensee of trade secret intellectual property
from OSU that provides proprietary data collection algorithms and processing software to
achieve higher data quality and ultimately increased image quality, relative to standard ERI
approaches. The higher sensitivity provided by GeoTrax SurveyTM is required to adequately
image complex environmental sites and perform transient imaging to detect injectates. Aestus
collects our data using established quality control (QC) protocols as discussed in Section 4.0 of
this report.
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2.2 GeoTrax Survey"' Used for Injection Monitoring (Transient Monitoring)
Aestus' imaging technology has been used successfully to perform monitoring of in-situ
chemical oxidation injectate distribution. Transient monitoring allows Aestus to perform a
"differencing" analysis on pre and post-injection subsurface image data, to effectively visualize
distribution of injectate (i.e., highlight zones of the subsurface that have changed electrical
signatures due to the presence of injectate). This process is more robust than standard site
characterization work using this technology and is more schedule, labor, and equipment-
intensive as electrode stakes must remain in place (undisturbed) for the duration of the
monitoring project, and additional data acquisition and processing time is required. Multiple
mobilizations are also required for certain projects.
2.3 Technology Limitations
As with any technology, GeoTrax Survey TM has some limitations which are discussed below.
2.3.1 Metallic Interference
If imaging is performed overtop of an extensive grounding grid (such as is sometimes found at
electrical substations for instance), this metallic grid can effectively blank out our survey images.
In addition, when surveying immediately adjacent and parallel to buried metallic pipelines; some
degree of interference may be experienced to metallic interference. Aestus attempts to
maintain a 15-foot (4.6 m) buffer zone rule when surveying parallel to metallic pipelines. Under
certain conditions (e.g., geology dependent, etc.), Aestus can successfully image within the 15'
foot (4.6 m) buffer zone.
Historically, Aestus has been able to achieve project objectives by selectively working around
known buried pipeline locations to achieve high quality survey images and avoid interference
from buried metallic pipelines. Should a survey be performed perpendicular to a buried metallic
pipeline, the pipe sometimes shows up in the image as a conductive anomaly and can cause a
narrow conductive shadow to the bottom of the survey image. In this situation, the survey
image on either side of the pipeline location is intact with good data quality.
2.3.2 Calibration of Electrical Imagery to Analytical Data Is Required
Because Aestus' imaging technology is not a quantitative analytical chemical sampling tool, it
does not immediately identify or quantify the chemical, geological, and biological (bioactivity)
composition of anomalies detected. Additionally, most environmental sites on which we acquire
data have regulatory drivers that are chemical concentration based.
Therefore, Aestus employs our GeoTrax VizTM data integration process (see Sections 2.6 and
2.7) to integrate historical and follow-up confirmation drilling data with our 2-D images and 3-D
visualization model. This process allows Aestus to use these other lines of evidence to
effectively "convert" or calibrate the electrical signatures back to the subsurface features of
interest to our clients, such as physical (geology signatures), chemical (contamination
presence/absence and relative concentration), and biological signatures (indicating potential
presence/absence of bioactivity). The data integrated for calibration and interpretation purposes
typically includes but is not limited to boring logs, analytical sample data, and fluid level
measurements.
AtUS
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Aestus is often successful at developing a semi-quantitative relationship between subsurface
resistivity values and concentrations of contaminants. As the site complexity increases with
multiple signals present from bioactivity, remediation attempts, and the other potential signals
listed below, developing these semi-quantitative relationships become more challenging.
1. Soil and rocks (geology/lithology)
2. Groundwater (quality/chemistry)
3. Presence of contamination (e.g., NAPLs, aqueous phase impacts, etc.)
4. Remedial action fluids and/or their effects (e.g., injectates, or chemistry shifts that occur
as a result of injectates)
5. Biological activity (biomass and related groundwater chemistry shifts)
6. Effects of metallic utility lines
The above item Nos. 3, 4, 5, and 6 can often partially or fully "overprint" signatures of underlying
geology. This "overprinting" is normally acceptable because identifying contamination and
issues relative to remedial attempts and presence/absence of bioactivity is helpful information
and the drilling data helps constrain the geological contacts and variability. Aestus' robust data
integration process helps parse out issues of interest relative to project objectives.
2.3.3 Confirmation Drilling Typically Required
Once calibrated to the subject site, the GeoTrax SurveyTM images are normally a very powerful
tool to accurately predict locations and often times relative concentrations (and/or NAPL
saturation) of contamination in subsurface soils. In cases when our images show subsurface
features/anomalies that are not part of the existing site conceptual model, additional
confirmation boring data may be required to correctly redefine the site conceptual model.
Additional confirmation borings, should they be required, are limited in number because the
imagery provides specific drilling targets and therefore facilitate a very focused confirmation
drilling program.
2.3.4 Special Considerations for Injection Monitoring (Transient Monitoring)
When performing injection monitoring, Aestus' experience is that it is important to use dedicated
electrode stakes that do not move between pre and post injection monitoring activities.
Additionally it is important to minimize the duration of time between pre and post injection
imaging to avoid other subsurface changes over time showing up in the differenced images
designed to show injectate as the only material change over time between the two imaging
events.
2.4 Geophysical Survey Data Acquisition Activities
Three survey transects were performed at Site 88 for Phase I data acquisition, performed
between October 21 and October 26, 2014.. Dedicated electrodes (i.e., left in place between
imaging events) were utilized so that these exact electrode positions may be used for
subsequent Phase II and Phase III data acquisition and to facilitate higher-precision "difference"
processing.
AtUS
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Fifty-six (56) equally-spaced electrodes were placed at a 5.0 m (16.4 feet) spacing (see Figure
PV-1). This yielded a total line length of -902 feet (-275 m) and total survey depth of -120 feet
(-36.5 m). The lines were configured roughly parallel to each other with a north-northwest to
south-southeast orientation.
Aestus personnel collected field notes of site features (e.g. roads, utility crossings, and
monitoring well locations) proximate to electrode locations. These data were posted to Figures
1 through 3 during our GeoTrax VizTM 2-D data integration work. Additionally, site features
and electrode geospatial locations (including elevation data) were land surveyed by Aestus
personnel to properly position site data into Aestus' GeoTrax VizTM three-dimensional (3-D)
visualization model. The electrode elevation data were also utilized as topographic correction
for the geophysical data processing for each survey image.
2.5 Data Processing
Once data collection was completed, raw data files collected by the SuperSting R8 earth
resistivity meter were transferred to the Aestus field laptop for an initial QC review to verify
proper data collection. The raw data files were then transferred to Aestus' home office staff for
topographic correction and full data processing. Topographic correction for each data file was
achieved by creating a terrain file with the distance in meters to each land surveyed electrode
along with the elevation of each land surveyed electrode in meters (land survey data collected
by Aestus field crew using a Topcon total station).
2.6 Historical Data Integration onto 2-D Subsurface Images
Aestus reviewed available Site 88 data provided by our client, and used our GeoTrax VizTM
process to incorporate the following historical site characterization data onto our 2-D survey
images as shown in the Figures section of this report:
• Site features from field notes (Aestus' field crew)
• Monitoring well construction
• Boring log data
• PID data from soil borings
• Groundwater analytical data
• Groundwater quality parameter data
• Groundwater level data
• Historical ERD injection records
• Bio parameter data
It is important to understand that not all of these data sets integrated into 2-D are exactly
aligned temporally and/or spatially and interpretations of integrated data should be account for
this issue.
t
estus
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2.7 Historical & Subsurface Image Data Integration into 3-D
To assist ourselves and our clients' with visualizing the subsurface images as they relate to one
another, Aestus used data collected from our 2-D imaging process to generate a 3-D
representation of these data in the subsurface of Site 88. We and our clients typically find that
the results of the 3-D visualization work are very helpful in providing a more complete and
somewhat simplified understanding of the survey data/images, ultimately yielding a better
understanding of subsurface issues at a given site. The 3-D visualizations are also very useful
in explaining site conceptual models and features to both technical and non-technical
stakeholders.
To allow viewing of our survey images to scale in 3-D space, Aestus developed a technique to
import and properly position and scale the survey images in 3-D drawing space and relative to
the site base map using RockworksTM 3-D visualization software. Although the perspective 3-D
views resulting from these efforts are based on 2-D data sets (i.e., the individual electrical
resistivity image data was not collected in 3-D during the survey work), Aestus has a higher
confidence in our approach relative to the conventional approach of using only 1-D monitoring
well data points and the resulting interpolations between these discrete points.
For Aestus' 3-D visualization work, thousands of field data points (collected in 2-D) were used
as input to develop the 3-D perspective views. Other data imported into Aestus' 3-D model for
Site 88 include but are not limited to the following:
• Transect locations and identification labels
• Vertical 2-D subsurface images
• Horizontal elevation slices (though GeoTrax Survey TM data)
• Site monitoring wells
• Historical injection wells
• Aerial photo(s)
• Various aerial photos and site maps (provided by Aestus' client)
• Utility information
• Groundwater level data
• Analytical data from groundwater samples
It is important to understand that not all of these data sets integrated into 3-D are exactly
aligned temporally and/or spatially and interpretations of integrated data should be account for
this issue.
Because the 3-D visualization work performed by Aestus was extensive and many different
views of these data can be generated using this tool, it is not practical to provide all of these
views as part of the hardcopy report. However, Aestus is providing a copy of our 3-D model
files for viewing by our client's personnel using a free viewer provided by RockworksTM. This
data and instructions on downloading and using the free viewer software are contained in
Electronic Appendix E-3 to this report.
tI
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3.0 EQUIPMENT USED
Aestus LLC used the following geophysical and project support equipment during Phase I
operations at Site 88.
Type Manufacturer Use
Supersting R8IP Advanced Geosciences, Inc.; 2121 Geoscience Earth Resistivity Meter;
Dr., Austin, TX 78726, USA ERI data acquisition
Supersting R8lP Same as above Backup instrument
AGI Switchbox 56 Same as above Resistivity
data acquisition
AGI Switchbox 56 Same as above Backup instrument
Topcon Topcon Positioning Systems, Inc., 400 National Geospatial
GPT-3007W Drive, Livermore, CA 94550, USA data acquisition
Electrode Cables Proseismic; 5291 Langfield Rd, Houston, TX Resistivity
77040 data acquisition
Traffic Cones Various Traffic control
Traffic Ramps Yellow Jacket Cable Protectors; 2350 East Protect cables in road
Central Ave. Durante, CA 91010 crossings
Drill holes for electrode
Rotary Hammer Bosch stakes in
concrete/asphalt
Equipment Trailer Wells Cargo Equipment
mobilization/storage
Temporary n/a Resistivity
Electrode Stakes data acquisition
Permanent n/a Resistivity
Electrode Stakes data acquisition
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4.0 QUALITY CONTROL
Aestus is focused on delivering a work product based on high quality data. For this Site 88
project, understanding injectate distribution in the subsurface as it relates to updating the overall
conceptual site model (CSM), is dependent upon accurate geophysical data. This section
discusses the QC tests and data files collected to verify that data of acceptable quality was
collected from the site.
4.1 Quality Control (QC) Tests
To verify that our GeoTrax SurveyTM data is accurate and collected in accordance with industry
standard levels of care, Aestus utilizes several QC tests recommended by the manufacturer of
the geophysical survey instrumentation (i.e., Advanced Geosciences, Inc.), prior to data
collection in the field. The below QC tests are run at the beginning of each work day. If any
issues with the equipment are discovered during any one of the tests, Aestus' backup
equipment is used and compromised instruments are sent to the manufacture for diagnostics
and repair. Each of the QC tests is discussed in detail below.
4.1.1 Receiver Test
The Receiver Test verifies that the geophysical equipment is functioning properly by utilizing a
test box with a known resistance to verify that all of the SuperSting R8 receivers are working
correctly. A Receiver Test is completed at the start of each day and as needed otherwise should
troubleshooting become necessary during the work day.
4.1.2 Switchbox Relay Test
The switchbox contains two relays per electrode. The Switchbox Relay Test ensures that both
relays for each electrode are functioning properly. A Switchbox Relay Test is completed at the
start of each day and as needed otherwise should troubleshooting become necessary during
the work day.
4.1.3 Cable Test
The switchbox also has two multiplexers per electrode to set that electrode as P1-P9. The
cable test goes through and sets each P line and verifies each mux connection is solid for every
electrode. A Cable Test is completed at the start of each day and as needed otherwise should
troubleshooting become necessary during the work day.
4.1.4 Contact Resistance Test
The Contact Resistance test checks to make sure that each electrode and electrode stake has
good electrical contact with the earth by measuring the resistance between each electrode,
starting with electrodes 1 and 2, then 2 and 3, and so on until the last pair of electrodes 55 and
56 are tested. If measurements of some electrode locations are higher than what the average
value is for the rest of the electrodes, the high electrodes can either be advanced farther into the
ground and/or sprayed with salt water to increase the electrical contact with the earth at these
locations (occasionally, Aestus uses a bentonite slurry to enhance contact, particularly in dry
materials such as coarser gravel). The Contact Resistance Test can then be rerun to check any
electrodes that were adjusted to attempt to achieve better contact with the earth.
AtUS
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This procedure is done before each survey is run, and is repeated until the contact resistance
for each electrode is at an acceptable level (typically < 2000 Ohms as Aestus' goal, although
this can be site dependent).
4.2 Non-Proprietary Raw Data Files
Aestus and Oklahoma State University have worked together since 2001, and have developed
intellectual property that is used to collect and process electrical resistivity imaging (ERI; also
referred to by some as ERT) data differently from the standard methods. These proprietary
advancements (branded commercially as Aestus' GeoTrax SurveyTM since 2003) were made
specifically for the environmental site characterization industry because industry experience
indicates that standard ERI does not have enough sensitivity to consistently and accurately
detect contaminants in the subsurface such as LNAPL, DNAPL, and dissolved phase impacts.
Although GeoTrax SurveyTM technology was developed originally for environmental site
characterization, OSU and Aestus are on the cutting edge of using our proprietary ERI to image
injectates (i.e., the purpose of this Site 88 project) as our data indicate that standard ERI
methods are also typically not sensitive enough for this objective.
Due to our use of trade secret intellectual property (IP) that Aestus has developed on its own as
well as that licensed exclusively to Aestus by Oklahoma State University, we are contractually
bound to maintain this IP as trade secret. This scenario is typically unsatisfying for the
geophysicist community that is accustomed to fully understanding traditional geophysical
methods that have been in existence for decades (since the 1930s) and which are typically
public domain technologies and not protected intellectual property.
Aestus understands this concern and we therefore also collect non-proprietary raw data files
(typically standard dipole-dipole array) so that our clients are able to verify that we collected real
data at the site be able to confirm data quality. These data files are provided in Electronic
Appendix E-4.
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5.0 RESULTS
Aestus' geophysical survey work yielded high quality/high resolution two-dimensional (2-D)
electrical resistivity images of the subsurface at Site 88 from the locations shown on Figure PV-
1. The final 2-D survey images (see Figures 1 through 3) are presented in one custom (site
specific) color contouring scheme as discussed below in Section 6.1 (Development of Site
Specific Color Contouring Scheme) of this report.
Site photos taken during Aestus' field work are provided as Electronic Appendix E-1. The
GeoTrax SurveyTM XYZR data output files containing geo-referenced (i.e., X, Y, and Z
coordinate data) resistivity (R) data sets that were used to color contour the abovementioned
survey images are provided as Electronic Appendix E-2 included with this report. These XYZR
data were also used to generate a select few horizontal elevation slices through the domain
surveyed by Aestus (see 3-D visualization model provided as Electronic Appendix E-3).
For a select few sites, either the GeoTrax SurveyTM 2-D images or data from a site monitoring
well network will provide the data required to fulfill the project objectives and develop a solid
conceptual site model. However, for most sites, Aestus' experience indicates that data
integration of the geophysical images and conventional site investigation data (i.e., from
monitoring wells, soil borings, etc.) into a 3-D visualization model is necessary to interpret the
collective data sets, develop a useful conceptual site model, and fulfill the project objectives.
The following section of this report discusses data interpretation for Site 88.
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6.0 DATA INTERPRETATION
Aestus believes that the end goal of environmental site characterization work is to use all
available data collected at a site to visualize the Earth's subsurface in 3-D and understand the
distribution of contamination at a site, as well as other factors that affect the site (bioactivity,
preferential pathways, geology, injectate distribution, etc.) as they relate to overall project
objectives. This process is most useful if the end result provides a conceptual site model that is
more objective (i.e., and therefore less subjective), based on multiple data sets or lines of
evidence, and is relatively easy to understand by the various project stakeholders.
As discussed previously in Sections 2.6 and 2.7, Aestus integrated our geophysical survey data
with other available site data to help Aestus effectively "convert" or calibrate our electrical
resistivity data back to chemical, physical and biological site parameters of interest to our
clients. Historical site data are incorporated into this framework in addition to Aestus' electrical
resistivity data and any follow-up confirmation drilling/sampling data (if/when available).
This process assists Aestus in developing the most appropriate color contouring scheme(s) for
the electrical resistivity data that best highlight zones of interest in the subsurface (e.g.,
contaminated versus clean conditions). Because each site that Aestus' images is different
electrically due to varying hydrogeology, types and concentrations of contaminants, etc., this is
an iterative process that is very site specific.
6.1 Development of Site Specific Custom Color Contouring Scheme
Upon completion of the data processing work discussed in Section 2.5 of this report, the
resistivity data set is fixed and is not modified from that point forward. However, Aestus does
modify the color contouring scheme(s) used to effectively contour these data (i.e., show various
ranges of resistivity detected at the site using different colors) to allow us and our clients to
understand what the data means relative to properties of the subsurface that are of foremost
interest to Aestus' clients (i.e., contaminant distribution, geology, presence of biological activity,
etc.). The color modification process is similar to re-contouring a topographic map (i.e., the
elevation points never change, but the contour interval is altered to produce different maps
highlighting various features or ranges of resistivity).
For the Site 88 project, the custom color contouring scheme used for this Pre-Injection Interim
Report is shown on Figures 1 through 4.
6.2 Discussion of Multiple Color Schemes in 3-D
On some sites, Aestus finds that it is helpful to isolate certain resistivity ranges to more easily
explain certain interpretations of subsurface features. As discussed in Section 2.5, the data is
never modified once it is processed; only color contours representing electrical resistivity ranges
are changed. Typical color contouring schemes shown in the 3-D visualization model are
described below:
1. Statistical Color Scheme: This color scheme assigns each of 20 ranges of resistivity
(i.e., "bins") a unique color; the resistivity ranges are determined statistically and
includes 5% of the data points in each "bin". A spectrum of cool (purple) to warm (red)
colors is used.
A
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2. Custom Site Specific Color Scheme: This color scheme highlights both the low end
(i.e., highly conductive end) of the resistivity scale in blue and uses brown colors to
highlight resistive anomalous zones detected.
3. High Resistivity Only Range: Color contouring scheme highlighting relatively higher
resistivity anomalous zones. This color scheme focuses on the high end (i.e., resistive
end) of the resistivity scale and uses brown and orange colors to highlight resistivity
anomalies.
4. Low Resistivity (High Conductivity) Only Range: Color contouring scheme
highlighting low resistivity anomalous zones. This color scheme focuses on the low end
of the resistivity scale (i.e., conductive end) and uses blue and purple colors to highlight
conductive anomalies.
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estus
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7.0 CONCLUSIONS
Aestus' pre-injection interim report stage conclusions are provided below relative to each of the
project objectives discussed in Sectionl.1.
The below conclusions are offered based on Aestus' experience and professional judgment. As
with all environmental assessment work, these conclusions are reached with a certain
acceptable degree of uncertainty, due to the possibility that relevant subsurface conditions may
exist beyond the scope of this investigation.
7.1 Assess Distribution of Injected Permanganate Solution
Aestus has determined that the pre-injection imaging data collected during field work in October
2014 meets our quality standards and will provide an acceptable baseline set of images to use
for comparison to the post-injection images. Although the data was somewhat noisy in certain
areas due to potential metallic utility interference, Aestus believes that this will not be a material
issue since this project is relying on determining changes in electrical resistivity over time as
discussed below.
Aestus will provide conclusions related to distribution of injected permanganate solution in our
forthcoming Post-Injection Interim Report. As a function of the injection monitoring
methodology, post-injection imaging is required for Aestus to interpret injectate distribution.
Post-injection imaging work is currently scheduled for summer 2015.
CH2M Hill is advised that the forthcoming post-injection images may not appear substantially
different to the naked eye if the same resistivity scale is used to color contour both image sets.
Differencing data processing will use resistivity data from both pre and post injection images to
calculate and plot the percent change in electrical resistivity between the two image sets.
Aestus anticipates that the plot of percent change in resistivity will represent zones where
injectate has crossed the image plane.
7.2 Optimize Location/Depth of Horizontal Injection Well
Aestus' imagery indicates that previous vertical injection work appears to have impacted and
readily flowed within the zone between approximately 50 and 100 feet BGS (see further
discussion in Section 7.3.2). Therefore CH2M Hill may want to focus on this zone with the
horizontal injection well.
It is important that the injection well be placed such that Aestus' downgradient survey lines can
detect injectate migrating in a reasonable project timeframe as a function of the Site 88
groundwater gradient and/or injection pressures. Please see related recommendations in
Section 8.1 and 8.2.
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estus
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7.3 Provide Additional Site Characterization Information
Aestus is providing the below interim stage (following pre-injection imaging) conclusions relative
to the various signals that can be detected by GeoTrax SurveyTM (see 2.3.2). Site 88 has all
possible signals including contaminants, injectate, and metallic utilities, making data
interpretation more challenging.
These conclusions have been reached using only historical site drilling and sampling data for
correlation with Aestus' electrical imagery. Potentially anomalous zones detected by Aestus
exist in areas with no proximate monitoring well data. Therefore, the cause of these anomalous
zones will remain unknown unless targeted confirmation drilling and sampling is performed.
7.3.1 Geology
The shallower light brown colored zones (> 200 Ohm-m) above the top of the River Bend Semi-
Confining Unit (green dashed line in images) are believed to be representative primarily of
geology (see graphic below and Figures lthrough 3). The variability of resistivity values in
these brown zones likely indicates changes in soil grain size, moisture content and/or degree of
cementation. Differences in cementation were noted in boring logs from the site (see IW06 and
IW05 on image S88-03 in Figure 3).
GeoTraaSurvey'"'S88-02(10123/14) • wh ulznkew.V (-fool »rasSone,''1meIovalionioPlaoSae
3000 p
i I 1000
GOO
O - _ �111411.wlWad 150 C' ` 1 _
c 50 i -- .. 1
e
c /Appmmma.c.n w.0 114N
o t�no.om m 9
L. t� -- ,tq� 'tfm ws� 75
so 0 .
t
150 .,. �, _ 'N 13:o
0 too 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 �.aa nn f
Distance(ft)
Brown zones above the River Bend Formation are likely
geology related Their blob—like appearance may be due to
variances in moisture,grain size,or cementation
4e,. ..__Stus
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7.3.2 lnjectate and Metallic Utilities
An enhanced reductive dechlorination (ERD) pilot study was conducted at the site in 2010 and
consisted of injections of emulsified vegetable oil (EVO) via vertical injection wells. Additionally,
the utility locate work performed during the first couple of field days showed that more utilities
existed than previously was known (Note: this is common for a military base site as some utility
locations are on a need to know basis only and may not appear on site utility maps). Aestus
slightly adjusted the locations of our survey lines, to the extent possible, to minimize the effects
of buried metallic utilities.
Upon reviewing our survey data, we believe that electrically conductive signatures from injectate
and metallic utilities were detected by our imaging process as discussed below. Aestus does
not anticipate that the presence of injectate or metallic utilities will prevent successful imaging of
future injections, as the differencing process will likely account for this issue.
Blue colored zones (10 to 75 Ohm-m) below the top of the Castle Haynes Aquifer (yellow
dashed line in graphic below and Figures 1 through 3) occur laterally between 0 and 400 feet
from Electrode 1 and likely correspond to the presence of residual injectate from 2010. The
vertical injection wells are colored dark purple on the figures, and their labels are a lighter purple
on the images. This conclusion is based on two observations from the integrated data sets:
• Injection wells are screened in the Castle Hayne formation, and are coincident with blue
zones in the Castle Hayne Formation (see graphic below, and Figures 1 through 3)
• Resistivity values for sand and silty sand are typically higher than 10-75 Ohm-m, and
therefore there is likely a condition in the subsurface causing the resistivity value to be
decreased (i.e., presumably the injectate from 2010)
M=In GioThax Survey*.S88-02 t10/23/14) South feet,RlesieWiq' GeoTtax Survey'.Line Location in Plan View
MOB 1•014511TBYW430143 YWINN a'W1M7W 1/661110W2 mom
Ct5 'J
821D 9 t60!S 9 f7 f0 nn 8'te3 !e3 tO a2ne 0 S 3�VeN R ylme , aSeedrt Roc O32e
}'` YisrE0 S'Et600
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0 100 200 300 400 500 .e1 700 800 900
EMI= Low Resales, FSfi
Distance(ft) LOr'Ivu alo'Lu tc� ` 1
Blue zones below the Castle Hayne
Formation are coincident with injection well
locations; and are likely caused by the 2010
injections
Atus
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Areas between 10 and 75 Ohm-meters of resistivity (blue zones) above the top of the Castle
Haynes Aquifer (yellow dashed line in images) are likely associated with either:
1. The potential presence of injectate (see graphic below and Figure 3)
MCIEN GeoWax Survey"'588-03(10124114) ....R•.Nft4 GeoTrax S,erey..LW Location n Plan Vew
1,, ut•.r u_caaoyt
uO1s �99 rawer„0 Et I es
C.7=E t, 9 is A,o irirAio �'t+="E .. 13000
'000 �N
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.Th
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I Sane par -7.11
.,a.,pp+r °°
W 10 a oW.,or :4i
�OOrOa`aisr.9.M nas td',K 96=,c' w.'w"sia 50 p \
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 6 - p
Distance(ft) '""`a"'
l
Blue zones above the Castle Hayne
Formation in this area are likely are likely
caused by the 2010 injections
2. Influence from utilities (e.g. potentially leaking water lines). In some cases, influence
from utilities can extend into the Castle Hayne Formation, and may be caused in part by
metallic interference (see graphic below and Figure 2).
North Geol)ax Survey'.888-02 (10/23114) South ripe M.N,rty
MN tewaww3 rrwotsw3 rwrtrw 9Rvt9ow urt9txre cmec.w� GeoTrax Surrey"Lone Location it Raillery
-5 w (.7 Wi W,• f-3 E� �-.,• o-_� WIt2DWl © -
ryn �� Nf991D00 B:tL�03 tOn82005 tOn299 ]000 C
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I *el hapr x Aopm.ne. Rw 9W ®t00 Y
w 100 sw 6psr a 75 _ Alit
.M.flap. I, I. •l:; y4a, #o• Case."°w,.r er I
wruowi }/ / • r• �.ao'fi.'eGst .
�1t .. . - � �G ,.f
0 100 200 300 400 500 •a' '� 700 800 900 tw�aNfvsy Ere t
G . 9nn.fmn
Distance(ft) we+
I
Some blue zones above the
Castle Hayne Formation Some utility influence can extend below
appear to be influenced by the Castle Hayne Formation, and may be
utilities caused in part by metallic interference
A
estus
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The interpreted horizontal distribution of 2010 injectate impacts versus utility impacts is shown
on the graphic below and on Figure 5. This graphic is a screen shot from Aestus' 3D
visualization model showing a horizontal elevation slice through the imaging data at 77' AMSL
(-100' BGS).
iiiwP
High Resistivity
♦
13000 --
1000
aR88-IW05
600 t. ‘ _ _ Area likely affected
•425 i i IR88-IW08 • 1R88-1W06 1 t by 2010 injections
300 r
,.: 200 ts
tt) I ' i I
1 150 in' _
IR88-IW07
130
113 ' t f !
100 z- \ i+', I
• 87 - /
75 V ♦ /
50 e
30 -
10 `'' Area likely affected
0
,,_, by utility
Low Resistivity .1►
Hgncondt,ctMty, Syr •. •
♦ - interference and/or
h,.
N r As -- t
leaky utilities
1 t
LEGEND: I
t
Communication Utility
Sewer Utility • ir
Water Utility
S88-01 k S88-03
Gas Utility
S88-02
A
.
estus
TEXT,PRE-INJECTION INTERIM RPT,CH2M Hill,Site 88,MCIEAST-MCB CAMLEJ,NC 05-07-15.docx Aestus,LLC
©2015 Aestus,LLC

May 7, 2015 Page 29 of 32
7.3.3 Bioactivity
Aestus suspects that subsurface zones with resistivity values of < 10 Ohm-m (purple colored
zones) above —125' AMSL are anomalous and likely due to signatures from bioactivity. Typical
geologic formations tend to have resistivity values higher than 10 Ohm-m and Aestus expects
this would be true for Site 88 where the geology is predominantly sandy.
It should be noted that although both bioactivity and metallic utility interference are electrically
conductive anomalous signatures, they can be differentiated from each other based on
geometry or shape of the anomaly. Specifically, anomalies related to utilities typically start at or
just below ground surface and are vertically oriented (see example in Section 7.3.2). They also
typically correspond to known metallic utility locations in Aestus field notes and/or project maps.
Aestus theorizes that bioactivity can sometimes be enhanced near utility corridors in which case
a combined signature can be present.
North GeoWtaX SUIvsy°1 S88-01 (10125/14) SOuth I Ibxh GeoTrax Survey"Law Location in Ptan View
wrhe r"eie 7 OAS .elYll��pY!1 • y•rr(-7 E..IVinv hey horn km/ T
) 104 COLTI;
B14'E)0 9ta/k C.LUnho\b." Sower(rete8c)(-,5ie8'M/) 0000 E1
I,r ,
I L
i Vryna 'Illy,,,paq Ra \I1L__II
j/ .n 1
Y 1851vnd rn., f t't,'i` ` • e an.rir 100 u
St
•
\ %)1\ .`!.4a
1 I
C 50 f'jii
wel tAo � ` *► . A 113 1 r.
or•r K
t.n wetow �g( `� 1a'- Mnox.nwetw Rwr Boca 17 J
fMB hpe 'f7 'Y Farnalen 87 — ! ,
W 100 # � 1-571w18G51 75 — t _ .y�1 /ypro[.,.iop Ob
w 4
( ., CuueNynt Forman W ,\ _ 1
150 _ i _. t i .ic 'to
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 a //s t
ea 84taciwp C f'It,Distance(ft) *9"`°"�"'
This area of <10 Ohm-m is This area of <10 Ohm-m is likely
likely caused by bioactivity caused by bioactivity that may be
associated with the 2010 related to fluid in utility corridors
injections (not necessarily impacted)
A
estus
TEXT,PRE-INJECTION INTERIM RPT,CH2M Hill,Site 88,MCIEAST-MCB CAMLEJ,NC 05-07-15.docx Aestus,LLC
©2015 Aestus,LLC

May 7, 2015 Page 30 of 32
7.3.4 DNAPL-Related Impacts
Assuming DNAPL still exists at Site 88 and has not dissolved into groundwater over time, its
presence as a primary electrical signature in the pre-injection imagery is not fully obvious as it is
for many other sites. Aestus' interpretation at this time is that site biogeochemical conditions
(i.e., from previous ISCO work and/or bioactivity) and/or metallic utility signatures may be
partially or fully masking a potential DNAPL signature in some areas (see above conclusions
and discussion of hierarchy of electrical signatures in Section 2.3.2).
However, darker brown zones (>1000 Ohm-m) below the Castle Hayne Formation (yellow
dashed line in images) have higher resistivity values than expected for this site, and could
potentially reflect zones with DNAPL-related impacts and/or zones with coarser grained and/or
more cemented geology (see graphic below and Figure 1).
G.oTrax Survey.'568o1 (10126r14) IME:7 4440 IL so..44.4
Geo7rax Surrey'`Lone Locatan on Plan Vww
(4,48(41•�� 33W .
—*New(•]E..ra w M.q*ray un ( �� e..
Y./ ���y'
.0EIt1E s s..4 tnw.. m e/(•+se VI) MOO E1,
r (-, /ow ,000 84
1 • 425
111 (-2 EI (•3 EI \
\ % t - --.-44. .
0 -0 :'.8"7"• 1.-:-:--7.- \ 1'.\ -•:- ''. e
444- ( \ ; '''-: . .4
: f 1.
150 `-" Co0 Cc 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 °
' \ \• -
Low w".., E 56
Distance(ft( "9"" •
Areas>3000 Ohm-m appear to be anomalous for this site.
and could indicate one or more of the following:solvent
impact, higher cementation,or coarser geology
A
estus
TEXT;PRE-INJECTION INTERIM RPT,CH2M Hill,Site 88,MCIEAST-MCB CAMLEJ;NC 05-07-15.docx Aestus.LLC
0 2015 Aestus,LLC

May 7, 2015 Page 31 of 32
Medium brown colored zones (200 to 1,000 Ohm-m) beneath the Castle Haynes Formation
(yellow dashed line in images) may potentially be areas where injectate did not flow due to
higher cementation in the subsurface, or may potentially have DNAPL-related impacts (see
graphic below and Figure 1).
North GeoTrax Survey'.S88-01 (1025114) ,,,o„p,�e,h,
.v•'a"g ^n.r•1-r E _ :va GeoTnx Survey"LM Location in Plan Vww
.,.- ,e w w..sywa rorw..+rxem..
J E -" S.wr l�ae)( 5,011 MA MOD I
-t!. DDY ,000
r r.
D.r.RO \ I J I P.�ne Let\ I La ' , r —t
iJ -2 El 1-3 E)(�.JJ'I .\i,11■.E 12y
FDprympe 300 \ �-
0 t r', _ _d ) r. eraro M.. to I
1,5 S.M,er.yc ,7 11:-':),/� ue wt,nu MPmnw,roRw er<1W 3MI1n.. i.�arP
W
W e rS]M1OGS5 *" '
CaAptetzeL is 50
. /`` ateke
I - 1.90�BGS1 � 11
0 100 2 M 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 0
Love Re.i.eviy E56
Distance(ft) CaOeaf, `
Areas between 200 and 1000 Ohm--m could indicate solvent impact
and/or zones of limited injectate flow due to higher cementation
The above conclusions have been reached using only historical site drilling and sampling data
for correlation with Aestus' electrical imagery. The abovementioned anomalous zones detected
by Aestus exist in areas with no proximate monitoring well data. Therefore, the cause of these
anomalous zones will remain unknown unless targeted confirmation drilling and sampling is
performed.
AtUS
TEXT,PRE-INJECTION INTERIM RPT.CH2M Hill,Site 88.MCIEAST-MCB CAMLEJ NC 05-07-15.docx Aestus,LLC
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May 7, 2015 Page 32 of 32
8.0 RECOMMENDATIONS
This section provides Aestus' recommendations moving forward, based on the results and
conclusions developed from our work.
8.1 Meeting to Discuss Injection Well Placement and Injectate Specifications
We recommend that CH2M Hill and Aestus collaborate via a web conference in the near future
to discuss plans for injection well location, length, and depth. It is important that the injection
well be placed such that not too much time is required for Aestus' downgradient survey lines
can detect injectate migrating as a function of the Site 88 groundwater gradient.
Aestus and CH2M Hill have previously discussed potentially "spiking" the injectate with a benign
salt or other tracer to amplify the shift in conductivity/resistivity thereby assisting Aestus with
detection of the injectate. Aestus recommends that the injectate specifications also be
discussed in this meeting.
8.2 Planning for Phase II Post Injection GeoTrax SurveyTM Work
Prior to the commencement of Phase II, Aestus suggests that CH2M Hill and Aestus discuss the
type of injectate planned and the potential for spiking the injectate with chloride. Spiking the
injectate with chloride will make the injectate more conductive, providing a higher degree of
contrast between the subsurface and injectate. Since injectate from 2010 is apparent in the
Phase I surveys, a higher degree of contrast for the planned injection work is highly beneficial to
achieving the project objective goal of imaging the future injectate.
8.3 3-D Visualization Model Review
To be able to fully understand the GeoTrax SurveyTM data collected and visualize it in a robust
manner in 3-D, Aestus recommends that the reader use the provided free 3-D visualization
model viewer to look at these areas more closely on-screen and from different perspectives as
screen captures (i.e. imported into Figure 5) from the 3-D visualization model of the site do not
provide as complete of an understanding of the available site data. Additionally, the resolution
of these hardcopy figures is lower than reviewing the model on a computer monitor screen.
8.4 Web Conference Review
Because this report discusses a complex site and multiple data sets encompassing thousands
of field data points, Aestus believes that CH2M Hill personnel may benefit from a web
conference meeting to further review this report together, field questions, and assist in
conveying understanding of conclusions based on this work. Aestus would be pleased to attend
and contribute to such a meeting if deemed helpful by CH2M Hill.
8.5 Follow-up Confirmation Drilling
While not originally anticipated as part of this injection monitoring project, should CH2M Hill
desire to more fully understand the cause of potentially anomalous zones detected by Aestus
that exist in areas without proximate monitoring well data, targeted confirmation drilling and
sampling would provide more certainty.
A
estus
TEXT,PRE-INJECTION INTERIM RPT,CH2M Hill Site 88,MCIEAST-MCB CAMLEJ.NC 05-07-15.docx Aestus.LLC
©2015 Aestus, LLC

TABLES
estus
Aes[us,LLC

Table 1
Electrode Spacing, Survey Line Length, and Survey Depth
Site 88 at MCIEAST-MCB CAMLEJ
North Carolina, USA
Survey ID Electrode Spacing Survey Line Length Image Depth
(m) (ft) (ft)
S88-01 5.00 902 180
S88-02 5.00 902 180
S88-03 5.00 902 180
estus
Tables 1 thru 3;CH2M Hill,Site 88,MCIEAST-MCB CAMLEJ,NC 04-21-15.xlsx Page 1 of 3 Acstus.tic

Table 2
GeoTrax Survey TM End Electrode Land Survey Coordinates
Site 88 at MCIEAST-MCB CAMLEJ
North Carolina, USA
Electrode 1 Electrode 56
Coordinate System and
Survey ID
Datum Easting (ft) Northing (ft) Elevation (ft) Easting (ft) Northing (ft) Elevation (ft)
S88-01 284,621.25 3,839,213.11 7.76 284,684.94 3,838,945.95 6.67
S88-02 UTM Zone 18N 284,625.92 3,839,215.27 7.69 284,692.02 3,838,948.37 6.86
S88-03 284,640.81 3,839,221.33 7.85 284,707.40 3,838,954.59 7.20
Notes:
RESERVED SECTION; no notes for this project.
estus
Aestus.LLC
Tables 1 thru 3;CH2M Hill,Site 88,MCIEAST-MCB CAMLEJ,NC 04-21-15.xlsx Page 2 of 3

Table 3
• Distance Along Survey Line from Electrode No. 1 (5.0 m Spacing)
Site 88 at MCIEAST-MCB CAMLEJ
North Carolina, USA
5 meter spacing
Electrode Meters Feet Electrode Meters Feet
1 Li 00 29 140.00
2 5.00 16 30 1"r "`,
3 10 00 31
4 15.00 49 32
5 20 00 33
6 25.00 82 34 1 r'`
7 30 00 35
8 35.00 115 36
9 40 00 37
10 45.00 148 38
11 50 00 39
12 55.00 180 40 195.00
130_ )0 41
14 65.00 213 42 205
15 43
• 16 75.00 246 44 215.00
17 45
18 85.00 2 7: 46 225.00
19 47
20 95.00 3 :2 48 235.00
21 49
22 105.60 ,3.44 50 245.00
23 51 25C).Gf;
24 115.00 52 5S5 Dr)
25 00 53
26 125 on 54
27 55
28 135.00 56
* NOTE: All Surveys have a 5.0 m electrode spacing.
40
AA
estus
Tables 1 thru 3;CH2M Hill,Site 88,MCIEAST-MCB CAMLEJ,NC 04-21-15.xlsx Page 3 of 3 OMstue.LLC

FIGURES
A
estus
Aestus,LLC

• • . F.•t,I • r•4-$.Y .` .. �� J� ..'fa t 2 I i •
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•
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GeolraxSurveylM - 4 4�_1 •
Injection MonitoringProject 1 = .
t 3
Site 88 at MCIEAST-MCB CAMLEJ ,.J r��, �- � - r ,
• sr " , ,/ GEOTRAX SURVE �,
Jacksonville, North Carolina, USA „,,, ,r r' ,-.. Scan First.Drill Smart. '
�v r p
a"'V TO. . .m .. r h�.e .•a. '"11,• - _ �' •.i7' !_,'„Alt; v•• •r,::.1*.ir .a•r,.A♦ ,' ♦ '..
w - 1. t: V‘�'-''. '♦ ! ?y;r:. •:r / s'• ^ w, ' •. - • -•
•`
7 Red Oak Road Scale: NTS unless specified GeoTrax SurveyTM Injection Monitoring FIGURE
Wilmington, DE 19806
2605 Dotsero Court QC By: MAS Site 88 at MCIEAST-MCB CAMLEJ p TITLE
estus Approved By: SWM Jacksonville, North Carolina, USA Prepared for
Aestus,LLC Loveland, CO 80538
Date: 05 07 15 E TION INTERIM REPORT CH2MHILL PAGE
1.888.GEO.TRAX 6005 West 19th Avenue PRE-INJ C
www.aestusllc.com Stillwater, OK 74074 Project No.: 14-1 14-09
©2015 Aestus, LLC

Legend and Symbols
(for reference when reviewing all Figures)
Indicates various site features which are labeled accordingly on the figures Monitoring Well Explanation
Well ID—O.MW-5
(-1'W)4—Distance and direction from
Installation date—P02/)7/12 GeoTrax Survey M IWO5
(-2' W)
Casing P 10/2/2010
Simplified
Light gray eology from
Utilities medium sand,�well logs
well graded
Indicates lithology Injection well
Phone/ Storm Fiber Unknown change
Communication Sewer Electric Gas Water Drain Optic Utility Manhole level taketen
token en water—P09/28/11 Light gray
l Silty sand,well
II Q Water level 2. graded, HC odor
I
PID values(ppm)
Screen IDS Approximate •
Interval
▪ Groundwater sample from a specific depth/screen interval
Analytical Data ♦ -1. Water sample with one or more constituents above NCGWQS
Groundwater Sample Results Groundwater Quality ▪ Soil sample from a specific depth interval
Well MW45DW3 SampleGround Results Groundwater and Soil Analytical Data and Groundwater Quality Data
Sample Date 10/12/2011 Well MW45DW3 Parameters for Wells Near GeoTrax SurveysTM. Data provided by
Parameters(pg/L) Standards Sample Date 10/12/2011 CH2MHILL.
(u9/L)
PCE 07 122,000 Parameters Units Bold: Constituent concentration exceeds North Carolina Groundwater
TCE 3 2,670 Temperature °C 19.99
cis-1,2-DCE 70 601 J Conductivity mS/cm 0.379 Quality Standard (NCGWQS, January 2010)
Vinyl Chloride 0.03 500 U DO mg;L 0.11 Data precedes GeoTraxTM Survey for Groundwater Quality Data
General Microbial Analyses Semi-Volatile Organic DC Dehalococcoides ethenogenes
Compounds
Well MW45DW3 Well MW45DW3 ERD Enhanced reductive de-chlorination
Sample Date ,onz/zo„ Sample Date 10/12/2011 EVO (SRSTM) Emulsified vegetable oil substrate (carbon source)
Parameters
(CELLS/ML) Parameters(mg/L) MCL Maximum contaminant level
Dehalobacter 5,300= Acetate 0.11 NS Not sampled
Dehalococcoides 0.5< Butyrate 0.05 U
Desulfuromonas 45.600= Formic Acid 0.12 TSI Terra Systems Inc.
CELLS/ML Cells per milliliter
Zone 2 ERD Injection Record U The material was analyzed for but not detected
Well IW08 J Analyte present. Value may or may not be accurate or precise
Sample Date 2010* UJ Analyte not detected, quantitation limit may be inaccurate
fnjectate Units D Compound identified in an analysis at a secondary dilution factor.
EVO(SRST", 6.4%)&Sodium bicarbonate(700 mg/L) Gal 1,488 DJ NO MATCHING QUALIFIER DEFINITION FOUND IN LOOKUP
Mass of EVO(SRSTM) lbs 11.965 LIST General Notes:
TSI-DC Bioaugmentation Culture1°(5E10 cells/mL) L 10.3 < Less than (value shown) 1. Locations of site features on Figures (e.g., utilities, wells, etc.) are approximate
7 Red Oak Road Scale: NTS unless specified GeoTrax SurveyTM Injection Monitoring FIGURE
Wilmington, DE 19806 QC By: MAS
2605 Dotsero Court Site 88 at MCIEAST-MCB CAMLEJ Prepared for
At
us Loveland,co 80538 Approved By: SWM Jacksonville, North Carolina, USA LS-1
Aestus,LLC
Date: 05-07-15 CH2MHILL
1.888.GEO.TRAX 6005 West 19th Avenue
MO
www.aestusllc.com Stillwater, OK 74074 Project No.: 14-114-09 PRE•INJECTION INTERIM REPORT
©2015 Aestus, LLC

illpir,ir -.
w._ t ti S88-03 S88-02
+ 4 p:
LEGEND:
4 ' ..-. ,:-- S88-01 Originally Proposed
Horizontal Injection Well Screened Interval ,
•
1
;:046. IR88-MW39MP t�.r it, GeoTrax SurveyTM
—�� IR88-IW08 • %t . , acu
Orientation and Designation
Approximate IR88-MWO81114 IR88-IW05 .% r,
. Subsurface Zone < m w
' • of Interest for v IR88-MW44DW3 w w
Injection Work . ,.. . �, -�� �r t -Y' - - - - 5.00 Meter Electrode Spacing
vi` ` �''`' + S88-01 SurveyLine -902 feet Long (-275 m)
- IR88-MW081W , >_ Image Depth —184 feet (-56
1 IA * IN; •ilik • •:-- IR88-IW06 �� t g p m)
ti s,,
�� �!* �A. ' rh IR88-MW46DW3 • t a - ....,_
_., oil -- ''. -
�`*A . _� 1• i ,V IR88-IW07 4
Via` IR88-MW47DW3 _ - O
a •
I
,
��� �I 'i ' IR88-MW43DW3 .'''ry, •
��'1� `� IR88-MW45DW3 IR88 MW43DW3 Historical Monitoring and Injection Well Locations
_a_ 0
t ,� 1- IR88-MW18DW3
41. • � " h IR88-MW181W . �..
O.
11~ • D ''p, ,. r,,!WI Instrument Location at Center of Pink Line (pink box)
• i
a` . IR88-MW18DW ' till
i
r
• -
� IlV
''.- `: lii IR88-MW78DW2 ' 'e Full depth of trapezoidal shaped image
E _ exists in center orange zone;
- 't 1 partial depth in green and red zones
4-r''' •
i' ., �I► •
., , -_-_. .,. 404 - -,t„--,
4''\7 ' ' ,
IR88-MW42DW2
11
k IR88-MW42DW 1 4
1 IR88-MW36DW
_ *
aA C _AO1 •1 - -
\\ • IR88-MW36IW '
let ,*
d 4 IR88-MW09 ` / N
. ,,,... 1
k IR88-MW09IW _ r
s
- Lc)t11.
r: 40
s
s'
6 * ' . CIr . ...._ ,
yr , % ''\' ; r
Q" 0 250 500
ct � `, lik . P ,
i 0 "' •
2014 Google Earth Pro Licensed Image c i II
[a► 4 t� i;r feet
7 Red Oak Road Scale: NTS unless specified GeoTrax SurveyTM and Historical Monitoring & Injection Well Locations FIGURE
Wilmington, DE 19806
QC By: MAS Site 88 at MCIEAST-MCB CAMLEJ Pre ared for
A tUS 2605 Dotsero Court Approved By: SWM Jacksonville, North Carolina, USA p
Aestus Lac Loveland, CO 80538 iv- 1
Date: 05 07 15 pRE-INJECTION INTERIM REPORT cH2nn H I LL
1.888.GEO.TRAX 6005 West 19th Avenue
www.aestusllc.com Stillwater, OK 74074 Project No.: 14-114-09
©2015 Aestus, LLC

North GeoTrax SurveyTM S88-01 (10/25/14) South High Resistivity GeoTrax Survey"' Line Location in Plan View
(-8' W, angling �� (Low Conductivity)
toward line ) IW08 MW45DW3 Water(-7' E, angling away from line) I
(-7' E Communication ssa-0z sse-03 -_-
f-8' E) ) Sewer(metallic) (-15 to 8' W) 3000 E1
9/20/2010 9/16/2010 Manhole �,
(-V 1' ) a� 1000
o Virginia Post o z
Dar Rd Parking Lot Lane 600x
w (-2' E) (-3' E) w 425 1" - ;
7 �, a S • . . .. Approximate 300 • �' . . r* �� A.
.. ■m Y�r1L ..r ''Frim ■ shallow I
0 • mill : m o 10/2v14 brown, to Silty . II 4;1 ,1 ri _ - ' #- 200 "
-1 o. o Sand, tan, dry 3� ` i" cn 3 • . . .
E Undifferentiated 150 ut. P;
I y 1 L _- , sediments
'Silty San z 0 o
00 50 wet, traces frags 164 z — mom Ea 113 0
cts Sand, It gray to �� 260
100 A
> tan, wet, trace '_• 226 'L Approximate top River Bend
3 \ .
cp Sand, It gray, wet 4, Formation 87 �, ' ,
W 100—
shell frags 'o� . (-57 feet BGS) 75 '
\ ._
Approximate top 50 �� • r
Castle Hayne Formation
lmahhi, , . 1 .........— ...1.-6,--- (-80 feet BGS) 30 \�
I ill lilt
t
\ _
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 Low Resistivity • / E56
s \
Distance (ft) (High Conductivity) :'`\ , _ ,
mill
Groundwater Sample Results Groundwater Quality General Microbial Analyses Zone 2 ERD Injection Record
Well MW45DW3 Well IW08
Well MW45DW3 -
Sample Date 10/21/14 Well MW45DW3 Sample Date 10/21/2014 Sample Date *More precise injection date not provided 2010*
Parameters Standards
(N9 Sample Date 10/21/14
/L) (Ng/L) Parameters Injectate Units
Parameters Units (CELLS/ML)
PCE 0.7 68,700 D EVO (SRSTM, 6.4%) & Sodium bicarbonate (700 mg/L) gal 1,488
Temperature °C 19.77 BAV1 R-Dase 0.5 U TM
TCE 3 2,420 D Mass of EVO (SRS ) lb 11,965
Conductivity mS/cm 0.377 Dehalococcoides 1.3
cis 1,2 DCE 70 498 DJ TSI-DC Bioaugmentation CultureTM(5E10 cells/mL) L 10.3
VC R-Dase 0.5 U
VC 0.03 250 U DO mg/L 0.7 Anaerobic water(Sodium sulfite 0.003 lb/gal) gal 5,000
trans-1,2-DCE 250 U ORP mV -100 Anaerobic water gal 10,000
pH S.U. 7.69
G E OT RAX
Data lntegrauon 3D VIsua67ation.
‘IZillgil -
7 Red Oak Road Scale: NTS unless specified GeoTrax VizM 2-D Data Integration FIGURE
Ill
te {'I ' Wilmington, DE 19806 QC By: MAS Site 88 at MCIEAST-MCB CAMLEJ
s lU5 2605 Dotsero Court Prepared for
.......
Aestus.LLC
Loveland, co 80538 Approved By: SWM Jacksonville, North Carolina, USA I
Date: 05-07-15 CH2MHILL
1.888.GEO.TRAX 6005 West 19th Avenue
www.aestusllc.com Stillwater, OK 74074 Project No.: 14-114-09 PREINJECTION INTERIM REPORT ..
©2015 Aestus, LLC

North GeoTrax SurveyTM S88-02 (10/23/14) South High Resistivity GeoTrax Survey TM Line Location in Plan View
IW08 MW45DW3 MW43DW3 MW18IW MW18DW MW18DW2 MW42DW2 (Low Conductivity)
(-5'W)- („7, W) (-7 W) (-3 E) (on line) (on line) (on line) (-15' E) t -04 see43
9/20/2010 9/16/2010 9/14/2010 8/19/2003 818/2003 10/18/2005 3000 E El
Virginia1012/09
in
ai Dare R IW07 Sewer Post a) 1000 •
o manhole oUnknown g/18/2010 600Jj,JLane
a,
w of w 425 ` 11 •! !Ili\:, ,.
t pproximate r
Clayey SandI roiwn, dry td .� ,, 41, '9 i ir •- •• Silt, mo
ist, dk brownAii .jpi shallow 300 \ '�' "+�
QSI y , tan, dry ii _ i y a ,, moist ewe , ray�o tan :. .
200
ei
Silty to Clayey Sand to � rn 6 a �layey Sand, gray to or. ge brown, wet to
o, Undifferentiated •
Sand, tan, dry to wet v 'r' 1 -"Silty Sand, gray, wet to t ange brown at -41' 150 rn :, s :116
xi • \
cr) ^N = sediments _.
.� � �, o 0 1 and, wet, tan to gray 130 < \e
z Q o z • 23 ilty Sand, wet, tan td • gray (No recovery 67-70') ..G ¢
o 50 Silty Sane - -- z '►65 �--Clayey Silty Sand, dk gr. y, wet - ; 113
gray, wet, - g 72 • a5Silty Sand, gray, wet + + w
shell frags / 220 $ 4 Silty Sand, It gray, parti. y cemented, Approximate top River Bend 100 3 •
> ♦ ♦ 0 Formation
Sand, It gray to an. o cemented sand gravel (-57 feet BGS) ri 87 3 r - A"
1 100 Sandy/ i►ty Sand, gray, wet 75 '
tan, wet, trace It gray,Clayey Sand and, grayish brown, w: , trace shells Approximate top t -
shell frags weti to Silt Sand ' 4 Sim Castle Hayne Formation R ;, 50 ^a
y (-80 feet BGS) -- -j` N
MW18DW2 to Sand, It Silty Sand, It brown, wet few opaques 30
Sand, It gray, '�
150 SIDS aD 0 MW42DW2 �. _ 10 --
wet, wet, trace shells t.
l i i t i i i - 'TLf- 1.80'bg
Screen: 1 180 bgs 0 , {
0 100 200 300 400 500 6UU 700 800 900 ' k
GW elevations from Low Resistivity Iwo " E56
Distance (ft) 10/21/14& 10/22/14 (High Conductivity) , -
Groundwater Sample Results Groundwater Quality Sample Results
Well MW45DW3 MW43DW3 MW18IW MW18DW MW18DW2 MW42DW2 Well MW45DW3 MW43DW3 MW18IW MW18DW MW18DW2 MW42DW2
Sample Date 10/21/14 10/21/14 10/21/14 10/22/14 10/22/14 Sample Date 10/21/14 10/21/14 10/21/14 10/22/14 10/22/14 10/27/2009
Parameters (pg/L) Standards (Ng/L) Parameters Units
PCE 0.7 68,700 D 6,330 D 28.9 216 D 0.5 U Temperature °C 19.77 21.37 21.28 17.48 19.79 20.59
TCE 3 2,420 D 833 D 0.501 J 23.3 D 0.5 U No Data Conductivity mS/cm 0.377 0.36 0.2 0.404 0.229 0.364
Provided/ DO mg/L 0.7 1.84 2.21 4.59 1.38 0.11
cis-1,2-DCE 70 498 DJ 136 D 0.6 J 0.768 DJ 0.5,U_ Not g
VC 0.03 250 U 25 U 0.5 U 1 U 0.5 U Sampled ORP mV -100 -60.3 170.3 137.6 101.8 -176
trans-1,2-DCE 250 U 25 U 0.5 U 1 U 0.5 U pH S.U. 7.69 12.22 4.26 8.1 7.8 8.21
General Microbial Analyses Zone 2 ERD Injection Record
Well IW08 IW07
Well MW45DW3 Not Sampled Sample Date *More precise injection date not provided 2010* 2010*
Sample Date 10/21/2014 MW43DW3 injectate Units
Parameters(CELLS/ML) MW18IW EVO (SRSTM, 6.4%) & Sodium bicarbonate (700 mg/L) gal 1,488 1,695
BAV1 R-Dase 0.5 U MW18DW Mass of EVO SRSTM' lb 11,965 16,639 GEOTRAX
( ) 153
Datalnreoraton 3DVisualization.
Dehalococcoides 1.3 MW18DW2 TSI-DC Bioaugmentation Culture1M(5E10 cells/mL) L 10.3 17 licili -
VC R-Dase 0.5 U MW42DW2 Anaerobic water(Sodium sulfite 0.003 lb/gal) gal 5,000 5,000
Anaerobic water gal 10,000 10,000
7 Red Oak Road I Scale: NTS unless specified GeoTrax VizM 2-D Data Integration FIGURE
Wilmington, DE 19806
. QC By: MAS Site 88 at MCIEAST-MCB CAMLEJ
t.......,stus 2605 COCourt Approved By: SWM Jacksonville, North Carolina, USA Prepared for 2
Aestus,LLC Loveland, C 80538
1.888.GEO.TRAX 6005 West 19th Avenue Date: 05-07-15 40 CH2MHILL
www.aestusllc.com Stillwater, OK 74074 Project No.: 14-114-09 PRE-INJECTION INTERIM REPORT .••
©2015 Aestus,LLC

North GeoTrax SurveyTM S88-03 (10/24/14) South High Resistivity GeoTrax SurveyTM Line Location in Plan View
Unkn wn Utility (Low Conductivity)
Fence MW44DW3 1VV0 Sewer(-12' E) �, S88-02 1
Virginia Dare Rd 3000 I. see-0, El -
IW05 ('2 E) (-3' W) MW091W co
`- -2' E 9/18/2010 9/28/2010 (-10' W) MWO9 0 1000
a) _ (-2' W)
_° 10/2/2010 PostI I515\ Y'
W) 0 61Lan97 0 = - • �• "��
U .,
Lu w 425 \
I . r - 1 t �► - .t Approximate 300 ? , ^'�'f ►ar•
milt ar tal l . 43. 1 � NM .�- — — NM M tP it. `7 ■ shallow0 z 8 t .-_ - -- 200 —Ni41
Sand, gray, wet to o Undifferentiated 150 in' s,
sat, massive w/ a co U $ sediments =' f -
partially-lithified E o a - ,� t Amos �. ,, ■ < . •-
130 _.
limestone clasts o7 <
0 50 � . -T '113 0
Sand, gray w/dki �: a�� 100 S •
> gray speckles, sat, 25^ I ' 27 Silty Sand, It gray, Approximate top River Bend 3 t
_CD trace lithified 4C 1 wet, nodules poorly `' Formation 87
L-1 100 limestone clasts \cementedsand, _ s (-57 feet BGS) -- ' `
75 `
No Samples 15-95'. * Approximate top 50 ;� ,' ' -
'':
Sandy/Clayeynd to Sand, It to dk gray, few GW elevation Castle Hayne Formation 1
j (-80 feet BGS)
Sand, It gray, wet, partially MW44DW3 \ , 30 , ...-:-,..
150 cemented sand, shells-r- ',, , ;from 10/21/14 — 10
o ;•\ a E56 ,
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 � ,"
Low Resistivity --
E
Groundwater Sample Results
Distance (ft) Groundwater Quality Sample Results (High Conductivity) _ ,
Well MW44DW3 MW09IW MWO9 Well MW44DW3 MW091W MWO9
Sample Date 10/21/14 Sample Date 10/21/14 8/12/2007 8/12/2007
Standards Parameters Units
Parameters(Ng/L) (pg/L) Temperature °C 21.15 20.06 22.39
PCE 0.7 57,200 D Conductivity mS/cm 0.468 0.148 0.052
TCE 3 998 D DO mg/L 5.38 0.09 6.20
cis 1,2 DCE 70 3,860 D No Data Provided / Not
ORP mV 118.1 68.0 251
Sampled
VC 0.03 250 U pH S.U. 9.32 5.50 4.25
trans 1,2 DCE 250 U Zone 2 ERD Injection Record
General Microbial Analyses Well IW05 1W06
Well MW44DW3 MW09IW MWO9 Sample Date *More precise injection date not provided 2010* 2010*
Sample Date Injectate Units
Parameters (CELLS/ML) EVO (SRSTM, 6.4%) & Sodium bicarbonate (700 mg/L) gal 1,783 1,608 GEOTRAX.
BAV1 R-Dase Mass of EVO (SRSTM) lb 14,339 12,940
ll
No Data Provided/ Data Integration.3DVisualization
Dehalococcoides TSI-DC Bioaugmentation CultureTM(5E10 cells/mL) L 10.3 10.3 i5i1.°
Not Sampled
VC R-Dase Anaerobic water(Sodium sulfite 0.003 lb/gal) gal 5,000 5,000
Anaerobic water gal 10,000 6,765
7 Red Oak Road Scale: NTS unless specified GeoTrax VizM 2-D Data Integration FIGURE
Wilmington, DE 19806
QC By: MAS Site 88 at MCIEAST-MCB CAMLEJ
estus 2605 Dotsero Court Approved By: SWM Jacksonville, North Carolina, USA Prepared for
Aestus,LLC Loveland,CO 80538 3
1.888.GEO.TRAX 6005 West 19th Avenue Date: 05 07 15 pRE-INJECTION INTERIM REPORT CH2MHILL
www.aestusllc.com Stillwater, OK 74074 Project No.: 14-114-09
©2015 Aestus, LLC *More precise injection date not provided

Representative Site Photos*
-", .0r,...., wr.i. - . ,
N
,........,......
'I s " .....„. : , _.,..
ice: - i .. -- -
. --
•
wa
pia � r _ _
/ - �►i�
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•
i -
* All site photos included as an electronic appendix to this report
7 Red Oak Road Scale: NTS unless specified Photos of GeoTrax SurveyTM Transect Locations FIGURE
4
Wilmington, DE 19806
QC By: MAS Site 88 at MCIEAST-MCB CAMLEJ Pre pared for
stuS te 2605 Dotsero Court Approved By: SWM Jacksonville, North Carolina, USA p
Acscus,��c Loveland, CO 80538
Date: 05-07-15
1.888.GEO.TRAX 6005 West 19th Avenue
www.aestusllc.com Stillwater, OK 74074 Project No.: 14-114-09 PRE•INJECTION INTERIM REPORT le CH2MHILL
©2015 Aestus, LLC

GeoTrax Survey TM Horizontal Elevation Slice at 77' AMSL (-100' BGS) with Utilities Showing 2010 Injectate Extent
•
'• • High Resistivity_
` (Low Conductivity)
,k I ., + 488-IW05 ` 3000
Area likely affected 1000
I IR88-IW08 irIR88-IW06
by 2010 injections 600
I .i I 425
300
I • IR88-IW07 I 200 m
- f
150 v)�
130 <
` :',:ript
, 113
4 - 3
` ' 100
87
75
c ` ' 50
4 30
Area likely affected by utility 10
` interference and/or leaky utilities
r;. -'- Low Resistivity
-I. "� (High Conductivity)
A '
, ttu\ - `
I 1
:AI'410016.,4101-. LEGEND:
Communication Utility
` _ ,} Sewer Utility
GEOTRAXM ' `, 'DataIntegratan 3DVsuanzat,on Water Utility
NcillM - S88-01 i S88-03 N
Gas Utility
S88-02
7 Red Oak Road Scale: NTS unless specified GeoTrax VizTM 3-D Data Integration & Visualization Perspective View FIGURE
Wilmington, DE 19806 QC By: MAS Site 88 at MCIEAST-MCB CAMLEJ
AtUS Loveland,
Dotsero Court Approved By: SWM Jacksonville, North Carolina, USA Prepared for 5
Aestus.LLC Loveland, CO 80538
Date: 05-07-15 '� CH2MHILL
www a stuOsllc..com Stillwater, OK 7 074 Ue Project No.: 14-114-09 PREINJECTION INTERIM REPORT ..
©2015 Aestus, LLC

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Legend Topo Source: USGS 7.5 min Figure 1-3
Site 88 Boundary Quad of Jacksonville South, N.0 .....-\. Site Topographic Map
0 Approximate Former UST-25 Location Photo inspected in 1988 N Site 88 Tracer Study
MCIEAST-MCB CAMLEJ
Wetlands Elevation in feet above mean sea level 0 300 600 900 1 200 North Carolina
5 - foot contour interval ----Feet
1 inch = 1,250 feet
til C14.211/IHILI
1

SECTION 2
Site Background
This section presents the general site background and description of Site 88 and the tracer study area, as well as
the tracer study objectives.
2.1 Site Description and Background
Site 88, is located within the Mainside of MCIEAST—MCB CAMLEJ,near the intersection of Virginia Dare and
McHugh Boulevard to the west(Figure 1-2).Table 2-1 includes a description and brief history of Site 88.A three-
dimensional conceptual site model (CSM)of Site 88 is depicted on Figure 2-1.
TABLE 2-1
Site 88 Site Description and Background
Site 88 Tracer Study
MCIEAST—MCB CAMLEJ, North Carolina
Source Areas Former dry cleaning facility with associated former above ground storage tanks(ASTs)/underground
storage tanks(USTs)and dense non-aqueous phase liquid(DNAPL)
Current Contaminants of Soil COPCs:Benzene,aromatics C9-C22,tetrachloroethene(PCE),trichloroethene(TCE)
Potential Concern(COPCs)and Groundwater COCs:Benzene,aliphatics C5-C8,aliphatics C9-C18,aromatics C9-C22,naphthalene,
Contaminants of Concern and the chlorinated volatile organic compounds(cVOCs)PCE,TCE,cis-1,2-dichloroethene(DCE),and
(COCs) vinyl chloride(VC)
Subsurface soil impacts beneath and near former Building 25 and along an underground sewer line
(apparently due to the leakage of solvent-contaminated wastewater)were identified during previous
investigations.A non-time-critical removal action(NTCRA)(in-situ chemical reduction via soil mixing
with zero-valent iron[ZVI]and clay)was conducted to address DNAPL and subsurface soil impacts within
the source area and at the former UST-25 location.To close out UST-25 within the UST program,
additional soil sampling was conducted in 2011 that identified benzene,aromatics C9-C22,PCE,and TCE.
above screening levels within the former soil mixing area.
Groundwater PCE impacts in the surficial aquifer extend from the source area(near former Building 25)
approximately 400 feet to the west.The vertical extent of impacts within the surficial aquifer ranges
from approximately 5 to approximately 25 feet below ground surface(bgs).PCE daughter products,
including TCE,cis-1,2-DCE,and VC,are also present at concentrations exceeding North Carolina
Nature and Extent Groundwater Quality Standards(NCGWQS)in the surficial aquifer.The highest concentrations of TCE,
cis-1,2-DCE,and VC are located immediately downgradient of the ZVI soil mixing area.
Groundwater PCE impacts are also present in the upper Castle Hayne(UCH)aquifer,extending
northwest from the source area(near former Building 25)to approximately 1,600 feet west to the
leading edge of the plume.The vertical extent of impacts within the UCH aquifer ranges from 25 to
approximately 60 feet bgs.
Groundwater PCE impacts in the MCH and lower Castle Hayne(LCH)aquifers extend approximately
700 feet west,downgradient of the surficial and UCH plumes.The vertical extent of impacted
groundwater ranges from 60 to approximately 125 feet bgs.PCE daughter products,including TCE,cis-
1,2-DCE,and VC,are also present at concentrations exceeding NCGWQS in the MCH and LCH aquifers.
The highest concentrations of TCE,cis-1,2-DCE,and VC are located approximately 500 feet
downgradient of the ZVI soil mixing area.
Potential contaminant migration pathways are leaching of COCs from vadose zone soils to groundwater;
Migration Pathway soil vapor intrusion(VI),vertical migration of COCs in groundwater;and horizontal migration in
groundwater through advection.
. Rr CEVEDIDENRIDWR
AUG 182015
EN0521151022CLT Water Quality Regional
2-1
Operations Section

PERMANGANATE TRACER STUDY WORK PLAN,SITE 88,OPERABLE UNIT 15
TABLE 2-1
Site 88 Site Description and Background
Site 88 Tracer Study
MCIEAST-MCB CAMLEJ, North Carolina
Potential Risks to Future Residents-Exposure to volatile organic compounds(VOCs)in groundwater
used as a potable water supply
Potential Risks to Future Construction Workers-Dermal and inhalation exposure to VOCs in shallow
Receptors groundwater
VI has been investigated and vapor intrusion mitigation systems are in place where potential
unacceptable risks were identified.VI pathways would need to be considered in support of any new
construction or reclassification of existing buildings in the vicinity of the VOC groundwater plume.
Comprehensive information concerning Site 88 history, historical contaminant concentrations, plume distribution,
and subsurface geology/hydrogeology is presented in the Remedial Investigation [RI],Site 88, Operable Unit No.
15, Marine Corps Base, Camp Lejeune, North Carolina(CH2M HILL, 2008)and the 2012 Draft FS(CH2M HILL,
2012).Site characteristics specific to the tracer study area are discussed below.
•
2.2 Tracer Study Location
For the 2012 Draft FS,Site 88 was divided into three treatment zones(Zones 1, 2, and 3) (Figure 2-2).Zone 1 was
defined as the location of the initial source area (former Building 25), containing high concentrations of COCs at
shallow depths (5 to 40 feet bgs).Zones 2 and 3 are located downgradient of Zone 1.Zone 2 was defined as the
large footprint of COCs at depths ranging from approximately 40 to 180 feet bgs and Zone 3 is further
downgradient(leading edge of the groundwater plume)with impacts limited to approximately 40 to 60 feet bgs.
The tracer study will be conducted within Zone 2 near the intersection of McHugh Boulevard and Virginia Dare Drive
where the highest COC concentrations within the Site 88 MCH aquifer(from approximately 75 to 115 feet bgs) have
been detected based on the results of previous investigations(Figure 2-2).
2.3 Geology
The Site 88 geologic cross-section location map is shown on Figure 2-3 and the corresponding cross sections
generated from the boring logs of monitoring well installations nearest to the tracer study area,cross sections A-
A' and D-D', are presented on Figures 2-4 and 2-5. Cross sections located outside of the tracer study are not
included in this WP but are presented in the RI (CH2M HILL, 2008).
The geology in the vicinity of Site 88 consists of four distinct formations(undifferentiated sediments,the Belgrade
Formation,the River Bend Formation,and the Castle Hayne Formation),which correspond to the surficial aquifer,
Castle Hayne semi-confining unit, UCH aquifer, MCH aquifer,and LCH aquifer, respectively.At Site 88,the
uppermost undifferentiated formation of Quaternary age sediments consists of mostly fine sand and silt.Thin
discontinuous layers of clayey silt and silty clay,which represent the Belgrade Formation,were observed in Zones
1 and 2 at a thickness of 5 to 7 feet, as illustrated on Figure 2-4.The undifferentiated sediments or Belgrade
Formation (if present)overlies the Oligocene age River Bend Formation,which is encountered at elevations
of-27 to-34 feet below mean sea level (msl) in Zones 1 and 2,corresponding to approximately 55 to 60 feet bgs
(Figure 2-5).This contact is indicated by a significant increase in formation density.Within the River Bend
Formation sediments,sand is dominant,with minor amounts of silt and shell fragments.The River Bend
Formation overlies the Eocene age Castle Hayne Formation,which consists of fine-to-medium-grained sand with
minor amounts of silt and clay.This layer is generally encountered at approximately 80 feet bgs in Zones 1 and 2.
2.4 Hydrogeology
A detailed discussion of the hydrogeologic characteristics at Site 88 was presented in the RI (CH2M HILL,2008)
and the DNAPL Site Characterization Report(Duke Engineering and Services, 1999).Additional information was
gathered by CH2M HILL during investigations performed through October 2014. Hydrogeologic characteristics of
2-2 EN0521151022CLT

SECTION 2-SITE BACKGROUND
the surficial (water table) and Castle Hayne aquifers underlying Site 88 were evaluated by reviewing available
information from the existing network of monitoring wells.The surficial aquifer is composed of undifferentiated
sediments and is underlain by the Castle Hayne confining unit or Belgrade Formation,as described in Section 2.3.
The Castle Hayne confining unit is not present continuously at the Site and in areas where it is absent,the surficial
aquifer and the Castle Hayne aquifer are in direct hydraulic communication.The Castle Hayne confining unit is
present under former Building 25 at approximately 20 feet bgs with a variable thickness of approximately 14 to 16
feet(Zone 1).This unit appears to decrease in thickness significantly to the northeast and again to the southwest,
and is discontinuous to the west of former Building 25(Zones 2 and 3).The Castle Hayne confining unit is
underlain by the Castle Hayne aquifer(River Bend and Castle Hayne Formations).
Figure 2-6 presents the potentiometric surface of the MCH aquifer,the target of this tracer study,as measured in
February 2010 and October 2014(Table 2-2). Groundwater flow is generally to the west, northwest, and
northeast. Based on a hydraulic conductivity of 7.9 feet per day, an estimated effective porosity of 0.2,and a
hydraulic gradient of 0.0014 feet per foot(using a geometric mean of 2014 site-wide gauging data from
monitoring well pairs IR88-MWO4DW/IR88-MW19DW, IR88-MW18DW/IR88-MW32DW, IR88-MWO2DW/IR88-
MW34DW, and IR88-MWO3DW/IR88-MWO7DW),the lateral MCH groundwater aquifer flow velocity is estimated
to be approximately 0.05 feet per day(20 feet per year).
2.5 Groundwater Quality
Laboratory analytical data from the groundwater investigations conducted between 2011 and 2014 indicate that
cVOCs are the predominant COCs located within the tracer study area,with PCE concentrations being the highest,
at concentrations ranging from 216 D(IR88-MW18DW)to 99,800 D (IR88-MW39MP-B) micrograms per liter
(µg/L). Concentrations of cVOC COCs within the tracer study area are summarized in Table 2-3 and illustrated on
Figures 2-7 through 2-10.Groundwater analytical results for all monitoring wells screened in the MCH aquifer are
included in Appendix A.
TABLE 2-3
Tracer Study Area cVOC COC Concentrations
Site 88 Tracer Study
MC/EAST-MCB CAMLEJ, North Carolina
Monitoring Well Sample Date PCE TCE cis-1,2-DCE VC
(pg/L) (µg/L) (µg/L) (Ng/L)
IR88-MW18DW 10/22/14 216 D 23.3 D 0.768 J 1 U
1R88-MW39MP-A 10/21/14 14,700 1,080 932 246
1R88-MW39MP-B 10/21/14 99,800 2,430 658 321 J
1R88-MW43DW3 10/21/14 6,330 833 136 25 U
1R88-MW44DW3 10/21/14 57,200 1,020 3,970 100 U
1R88-MW45DW3 10/21/14 68,700 2,420 498 J 250 U
1R88-MW46DW3 10/21/14 19,500 1,330 333 D 50 U
1R88-MW47DW3 10/21/14 25,700 2,050 330 125 U
North Carolina Groundwater Quality 7 3 70 0.03
Standard
Notes:
D - Compound identified in an analysis at a secondary dilution factor.
J - Analyte present. Value may or may not be accurate or precise.
U - The material was analyzed for, but not detected.
EN0521151022CLT - 2-3

TABLE 2-2
Well Construction Details and Groundwater Elevations
Site 88 Tracer Study
MCIEAST-MCB CAMLEJ
North Carolina
TOC Well Screened Interval Depth to Water Water Elevation Depth to Water Water Elevation
Elevation Depth Diameter (ft bgs) (February 2010) (February 2010) (October 2014) (October 2014)
Well ID (ft msl) (ft bgs) (inches) Top Bottom (ft BTOC) (ft msl) (ft BTOC) (ft msl)
Upper Middle Castle Hayne Aquifer
IR88-GWEXO8DW 26.50 85 4 65 85 14.32 12.18 15.77 10.73
IR88-MWO3DW 25.32 85 2 80 85 13.24 12.08 14.65 10.67
IR88-MWO4DW 24.61 85 2 80 85 11.82 12.79 14.22 10.39
1R88-MWO5DW 24.33 85 2 80 85 12.10 12.23 13.47 10.86
IR88-MWO7DW 22.97 85 2 80 85 11.27 11.70 12.80 10.17
IR88-MW11DW 23.72 85 2 80 85 11.85 11.87 13.26 10.46
IR88-MW12DW 25.75 85 2 80 85 14.01 11.74 15.41 10.34
IR88-MW14DW 21.40 85 2 80 85 10.37 11.03 11.45 9.95
IR88-MW15DW 21.05 85 2 80 85 NM NM 11.32 9.73
IR88-MW16DW2 23.24 85 2 80 85 11.02 12.22 12.30 10.94
IR88-MW17DW 26.50 85 2 80 85 14.65 11.85 15.71 10.79
IR88-MW18DW 22.59 85 2 80 85 10.34 12.25 11.66 10.93
IR88-MW19DW 24.06 85 2 80 85 14.41 9.65 15.44 8.62
IR88-MW23DW 22.45 85 2 80 85 10.88 11.57 12.13 10.32
IR88-MW23MP-A NA 82 6 77 82 NA NA NA NA
IR88-MW24DW 24.64 85 2 80 85 12.94 11.70 14.12 10.52
IR88-MW32DW 24.79 85 2 80 85 14.30 10.49 15.43 9.36
IR88-MW33DW 22.13. 83 2 78 83 NM NM 11.66 10.47
IR88-MW34DW 25.02 85 2 80 85 14.02 11.00 15.61 9.41
IR88-MW35DW 21.95 85 2 80 85 10.61 11.34 NM NM
IR88-MW36DW 22.72 85 2 80 85 10.35 12.37 11.67 11.05
IR88 MW37DW 25.25 85 2 80 85 12.72 12.
53 14.15 11.10
IR88-MW38DW 22.06 85 2 80 85 10.11 11.95 11.31 10.75
IR88-MW39MP-A NA 81 NA 76 81 NA NA NA NA
IR88-MW4OMP-A NA 79.5 NA 74.5 79.5 NA NA NA NA
Lower Middle Castle Hayne Aquifer
IR88-MWO2DW 25.30 97 2 92 97 12.77 12.53 14.22 11.08
IR88-MW4OMP-B NA 99.5 NA 89.5 99.5. NA NA NA NA
IR88-MW43DW3 21.84 100 2 95 100 12.87* 8.97 11.45 10.39
IR88-MW44DW3 22.24 100 2 95 100 13.5* 8.74 12.08 10.16
IR88-MW45DW3 21.65 100 2 95 100 13.03* 8.62 11.62 10.03
IR88-MW46DW3 21.81 100 2 95 100 13.23* 8.58 11.61 10.20
IR88-MW47DW3 21.85 100 2 95 100 13.15* 8.70 11.78 10.07
IR88-MW39MP-B NA 101 NA 96 101 NA NA NA NA
IR88-MW23MP-B NA 102 NA 97 102 NA NA NA NA
Notes:
ft bgs-feet below ground surface
ft BTOC-feet below top of casing
ft msl-feet mean sea level
NA-not available
NM-not measured
*Gauged on 10/10/11,not included in 2010 potentiometric contours
Page 1 of 1

Appendix B
Baseline Geophysical Mapping Technical Memorandum

A
estus
Aestus,LLC
PRE-INJECTION INTERIM REPORT
GEOTRAX SURVEYTM
INJECTION MONITORING PROJECT
SITE 88
MCIEAST-MCB CAMLEJ
NORTH CAROLINA, USA
May 7, 2015
Aestus Project No. 14-114-09
Prepared for:
CH2M HILL
14120 Ballantyne Corporate Place, Suite 200
Charlotte, NC 28277
Prepared by:
Aestus, LLC
2605 Dotsero Court
Loveland, CO 80538
(888) GEO-TRAX
www.aestuslIc.com
GEOTRAX «*
GEOTRAX112= GEOTRAXEM
Useful Solutions to Complex Problems www.aestusllc.corn
0 2015 Aestus, LLC

May 7, 2015 Page 2 of 31
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Aestus, LLC (Aestus) performed its GeoTrax SurveyTM subsurface imaging at Site 88 at
MCIEAST-MCB CAMLEJ (Site 88) located in Jacksonville, North Carolina. This high-resolution
subsurface geophysical mapping technology is being used in a phased approach to help assess
the distribution of permanganate solution that will be injected into the subsurface via a horizontal
well and distributed via a recirculation system.
This report provides the results of the pre-injection subsurface imaging work. Conclusions
relative to permanganate distribution in the subsurface will be summarized in Aestus'
forthcoming Post-Injection Report that will be submitted following post-injection field work,
currently anticipated to be performed in summer 2015.
Scope of Work
Aestus' scope of work for this project was to use our subsurface imaging technology to scan the
earth's subsurface (i.e., to depths of -184 feet) at three transect locations selected jointly by
CH2M Hill and Aestus (see Figure PV-1). These transects were located immediately
downgradient of the planned horizontal injection well location shown on Figure PV-1, such that
Aestus can perform pre and post- injection imaging of in-situ chemical oxidation compounds.
In-situ monitoring of injectate is accomplished by performing a "differencing" analysis on
GeoTrax SurveyTM pre and post-injection subsurface image data to effectively visualize
distribution of injectate (i.e., highlight zones of the subsurface that have changed electrical
signatures due to the presence of injectate). This process is more robust than standard site
characterization work (i.e., uses the non-transient version of this technology) and is therefore
more schedule, labor, and equipment-intensive. The primary differences include:
• Electrode stakes must remain in place (undisturbed) for the duration of the monitoring
project
• Additional data acquisition and processing time is required
Additionally, the nature of injection monitoring work requires two (potentially three) mobilizations
by Aestus to perform the following data acquisition events along the same exact transect line
locations. The anticipated work phases and schedule estimates for pending work are listed
below:
1. Phase I: Pre-Injection Surveys; acquire pre-injection baseline images (October 2014)
2. Phase II: Post-Injection Surveys; track injectate following injection (Summer 2015)
3. Phase III: Post-Recirculation Surveys; track injectate following recirculation (Summer
2015; if this phase of work is ultimately authorized by CH2M Hill)
This phased process will be useful in optimizing both the horizontal well design and evaluating
the effectiveness of the permanganate injections. Follow up confirmation borings may be
required at one or more phase to confirm the electrical signatures of the injectates identified by
Aestus if the data provided by the existing monitoring well network is found to be insufficient
(i.e., existing wells not at the optimum location or screened at the required depth).
t
estus
TEXT,PRE-INJECTION INTERIM RPT,CH2M Hill Site 88,MCIEAST-MCB CAMLEJ,NC 05-07-15.docx Aestus.LLC
©2009 Aestus, LLC

Appendix A
Aestus' GeoTrax SurveyTM Field Notes
tL
estus
Aestus,LLC

File Name S 8 8 ; , cz
Project Name Site 88 Camp Lejeune. NC
Checklist - Site Features to Sketch/Note:
0 Potential contamination source areas (tanks, etc_)
Monitoring Wells (ID and distance away) 0 Buildings (w/address if known)
Underground Utilities (Location and Type) 0 Other site features within -15 feet of survey line
Metallic Light Poles 0 Add Legend (if using abbreviations)
Streets (w/street names) ❑ Overhead power lines/obstacles for future drilling
USE COMPASS TO DRAW NORTH ARROW rIA C 'S,I , S.v,. 5 a 1" PiAo�t4._ r
\VNINMNIIgllilflllll'y, 0-1�( 93
V
54)
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2 .>
------ �i-7, S N-s.o
f— 3b Zc'
p kr-(-vT e-- /� ?vs r i
11,E 3‘f,S
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0--- 3z, z5 devv.,v ii,„.. .h �e �ih
aq �_, Svt IA 2Z- , S 5 e" r
iOt (WO1 v �1ivx . - 1 (0, S IMW45DW3
k — St--, IL-6 lwbg 2, 5
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e•f 5--
15tr 1hc, da(�
3, '7 S Ii Zv
t 1 01 L I Lf uti 1-1 0( ?h o ov- ate A 2-00
GPS Coords. N: GPS Coords N:
Electrode W: Electrode W:
#1 Accuracy: #56 Accuracy:._
Aestus GeoTrax Survey' Data Acquisition Field Notes

File Name S 8 8 o r J
Project Name Site 88, Camp Lejeune, NC
Relative to North arrow on Sketch Page(reference point is looking from E-01 towards E-56):
"Left"of Survey Line= (specify direction) "Right"of Survey Line = (specify direction)
Electrode Notes Electrode Notes
1 (r i N ti 2 + a;� Qt `e -p 29
2 30
3 ,-1S l_tiv 31 Sew. ,; 1ir.F 2.50jt-3
3207-C 8' t (-Of (ZSw, ; 32,27 tMT.lt
5 ,5 Cs- 5 t-��v F3 32.-i'S f:�.�.,r., k �� Z�;.�,LA.)
6 LS �J t : ,., ,N„,, 34 ac Pont
7 35 .i5 4
8 •S i 36 6- 3(,. 5 ‘A zv
9 37 , (-I -z..O
10 38
11.1-S mow,,t„, 39
12 40
13 41
14 ,5 two � t.'mow, 42
15 . IMW45DW3 `l..p w, L 43
16 , j L 44
17 45
18 46
19 \ W U 1 E 47
20 48
21 49
22 . 50
23 51
24 l ve"d,y.. l,0 52
25 53
26 54
27 55
28 56
Aestus GeoTrax SUrVeVTM Data Acquisition Field Notes

File Name S 8 8 c2 2 v0,1
Project Name Site 88 Camp Leieune NC
Checklist - Site Features to Sketch/Note: Potential contamination source areas (tanks, etc.)
Monitoring Wells (ID and distance away) Buildings (w/address if known)
Underground Utilities (Location and Type) Other site features within -15 feet of survey line
Metallic Light Poles Add Legend (if using abbreviations)
Streets (w/street names) Overhead power lines/obstacles for future drilling
-jL
USE COMPASS TO DRAW NORTH ARROW P ��` �, k- n',.` w -e A' ( 3
1
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oee
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AP
immir' 5,-15 &-
3- kit a 2
L s , e
GPS Coords. N: GPS Coords N:
Electrode W: Electrode W:
#1 Accuracy: #56 Accuracy:
Aestus GeoTrax Survey TM Data Acquisition Field Notes

File Name S 8 8
Project Name Site 88 Camp Lejeune, NC
Relative to North arrow on Sketch Page (reference point is looking from E-01 towards E-56):
"Left"of Survey Line = (specify direction) "Right"of Survey Line= (specify direction)
Electrode Notes Electrode Notes
# #
1 toyl0.3c1- 4Z0 29 5 c,0
2 ILO wA ik4. .`544, 30
3 31 ,5
4 32
5 ,q5 ' 33
6 \kzo (o.5 d,1e era 34 ?‹..--2T I� LP
7 35,7'
8 gj 36
9 5 urn(._14 v�.:� t�c�� 37 15
10 38
11 39
12 40
13 41
14,15 42
q 15 t tS rti‘,a uSOW 1.3 43
16 .E `4
17 45
Z1 18 46 - 5- Se ,ee
19 47
620 MW43vDW3 ' M L^ 48
21 49
22_5- rash 5w. L 50
6023 r ov" t5 18vAA) 0 M 51
24 t y pw 2. o w, Peha-c(t_,,,i` 52
25 53
26 54
27 55
28 56 bei a,,4,_(7D. A-19 3
Aestus GeoTrax Surveys Data Acquisition Field Notes

sa1oN pIa!J uoi2isinbay Elea 111canins xeiioaO sn;sad
:AJeanJay 9S# —_ :ADeannv 1#
:M apa��a13 :M apoa�Jal3
:N spaooJ SdD �� :N •spaooJ SdJ
L
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.9 S1ai
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te_r______
,r. ' !, `
1--,-----
1/444_5 r-' (a-Zig v o i ----0 w n
bJ 0 ) Nr!NJ a.w-M 1 1 e, .c L. 1 0 1 �-, vv v1 O 4 c/1�`y 1 AAA l
kt S�..' 54 C)"1.� S ,LL 1 —*IQ,' x-, 5,M o 1 1.y& S 'LJ
'`h i '? e7 c-,,� S L 1 S 1 � S�
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-7.-r"`as S-.2,,.11a! nt✓----_
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Lti ,SZ, w1 fi C''1 l 4 o r'l vtA X ,,..—,-}5 s,z h 1 _�_ .� 2
^_� 1 l — a uwrWun
^'7�Z 1' b0 cOm _, -ICI., S L77 J A` m wr"w .
I J fig/,
is A. • _
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cl
6uiiiup aJnlnj Joj sapelsgo/saui� Jamod peawanp 0 (saweu laaJls/M) slaails
(suogeinagge 6uisn 4i) pua6al ppy 0 salad lU6il oiUelaW
auit Aatuns to laal 96-� idylm sainleal alis Jau10 0 (adAi pue uogeool) sai1i1Rf1 puna6Japu❑
(umouN 4' ssaJppe/M) s6uipin8 0 (Aeme aouelsip pue GI) sIIaM 6uuoliuow
( ola `s>uel) seae a3Jnos uogeu!weluoo Ieilualod ❑ :a1ON/PlaIS 01 saran ea a i
. . aweN PeiOJd
?, `` 4 .-.2 8 es aweN aiii

Ysrk w L { . l6 �a(xtect ei5 hnv a vvVVVgf
File Name S 8 8 0 5 4
Project Name Site 8& Camp Lejeune, NC
Relative to North arrow on Sketch Page (reference point is looking from E-01 towards E-56):
"Left"of Survey Line= (specify direction) "Right"of Survey Line = (specify direction)
Electrode Notes Electrode Notes
# #
1 fr2 to 5 24►,. t. 0 C a." 1_4_ 29
2 30
3 31
cep Le fl , 32
5 33 r,C
6 iQ./5 34
7 .2S U ycitu.a fit, fLA-o 35 1707T e
8 36
9 37,ZS 1 3
10
64�. cv, . ,1S vv. loulrl 38,6 rh cooly:. 34 co4y wi
11 39
12 40
IX 13.S ;os 4-75‘,4 , j 41
14 42 .5
43
016 1S. .S4, 6/ t5.'�S T-+.Joa 1 w4ui 44
17 MW44DW3 45
18 .5 46 • 2-5 r,w 69 1 w - .r', kJ
19.2S 47.0 (h,4000t •5w. t.)
20 48
21 49
22 50
23 51
24 52
25 53
26 54
27 55
28 .� cje.,r o {t-,, G ( .�D) 56
Aestus GeoTrax Survevna Data Acquisition Field Notes

Appendix B
Daily Instrument QC Logs
a
estus
Aestus.LLC

QC Test Log for Aestus GeoTrax Survey'" Instrumentation
Day of Week(circle one): Mor(13 Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun Date: ,3 / .i /.wry Tested By(initials):i
Quality Control Pass/Fail Failure Specifics/ Corrective Measures Taken
Instrument Name Test Name _ Result Specifics „...(cirde one) Other Comments If QC Test Failed
Supersting R8(Aestus Owned) Receiver Test(target=0.50)—0 range=Li,, - Fail
Su rstin R8 backu instrument Receiver Test to =0.50 O ran e= ' ' •<>c ,-Pas Fail
Switchbox(56 Electrode;Aestus owned) Relay Test • ass, Fail
Switchbox 56 Electrode;backu Instrument Rela Test Pass Fail
Resistivit electrode cables surface la out for GeoTrax Surve '• Cable Test Pass Fail
Resistivit electrode cables surface la out for GeoTrax Surve Contact Resistance Test
1st survey line run today Contact Resistance Test Low 0=/ /and High Or. Pass Fail
2nd survey line run today Contact Resistance Test' Low 0 and High n=.,•/ Pass Fail
3rd survey line run today Contact Resistance Test' Low t=and High n=_ Pass Fail
4th survey line run today Contact Resistance Test" Low n= and High n=_ Pass Fail
5th survey line run today Contact Resistance Test' Low tk and High n Pass Fail
tit sits, e; ,es;'tt1 �Ilem'my
Check output voltage of SuperSting R8 Power Supply or 12V DC battery Power supply voltage Pass Fail
Check patch cords from Supersting R8 to Switchbox(es) Patch cord integrity Pass Fail
Check gender bender cable(typically at 29-56 end of switchbox) Gender bender integrity Pass Fail
a
2, g
o
•
Jp N
—r -
MMus oc Cluck Lap lb Field i 1 oio-14 W 1521SC14

QC Test Log for Aestus GeoTrax Survey'"" Instrumentation
Day of Week(circle one): Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun is ^ ; Tested By ^'
Quality Control Pass/Fail Failure Specifics/ Corrective Measures Taken
Instrument Name Test Name Result Specifics (circle one) Other Comments If QC Test Failed
Supersting R8(Aestus Owned) Receiver Test(target=0 50) 0 range= Pass Fail
Su•=rstin.R8 backu•instrument Receiver Test tar.et=0.50 0 ra •- = / ) Pass Fail
Switchbox(56 Electrode,Aestus owned) Relay Test Pass Fail
Switchbox 56 Electrode;backu.Instrument R Test -Pass Fail
Fail
Resistivit electrode cables surface la out for GeoTrax Surve " Cable Test -as Fail
Resistivityelectrode cables surface la out for GeoTrax Surve " Contact Resistance Test
1st survey line run today Contact Resistance Test Low[h and High Pass Fail
2nd survey line run today Contact Resistance Testi Low 0=and High O. Pass Fail
3rd survey line run today Contact Resistance Testi Low lh and High o=_ Pass Fail
4th survey line run today Contact Resistance Testi Low f? and High n•_ Pass Fail
5th survey line run today Contact Resistance Testi Low 0= and High o-_ Pass Fail
f ham! •roblems with an of the above tests,then test the followin.:
Check output voltage of SuperSting R8 Power Supply or 12V DC battery Power supply voltage Pass Fail
Check patch cords from Supersting R8 to Switchbox(es) Patch cord integrity Pass Fail
Check gender bender cable(typically at 29-56 end of switchbox) Gender bender integrity Pass Fail
a
a
0
6
a
o_
O
3
i.r
•
.keel.Or C .a 0*fll?S bl in+ai.r a 210014

QC Test Log for Aestus GeoTrax SurveyTM Instrumentation
Day of Week(circle one): Mon Tue Wed 9 Fri Sat Sun Date: i Gt /.2 / =,.' Tested By(initials)A-
,
Quality Control Pass/Fall Failure Specifics/ Corrective Measures Taken
Instrument Name Test Name Result Specifics (circle one) Other Comments If QC Test Failed
Supersting RB(Aestus Owned) Receiver Test(target=0.50) O range= Pass Fail
Su.-rstin.RB backu.instrument Receiver Test tar.et=0 50 n ran.e= ; P. Fail
Switchbox(56 Electrode;Aestus owned) Relay Test Pass Fail
Switchbox 56 Electrode;backu.Instrument Rela Test Pads Fail
Resistivit electrode cables surface la out for GeoTrax Surve '• Cable Test •. 'ass Fail
Resistiv' electrode cables surface la out for GeoTrax Surv- Contact Resistance Test'
1st survey line run today Contact Resistance Test Low f?=",.✓and High n= i Pass Fail
2nd survey line run today Contact Resistance Testi Low n= and High 0=_ Pass Fail
3rd survey line run today Contact Resistance Test' Low n and High n=_ Pass Fail
4th survey line run today Contact Resistance Test' Low n_and High 0=_ Pass Fail
5th survey line run today Contact Resistance Testi Low fi and High n=_ Pass Fail
,avin. .roblems with an of the above tests.the llest the followin..
Check output voltage of SuperSting RB Power Supply or 12V DC battery Power supply voltage Pass Fail
Check patch cords from Supersting R8 to Switchbox(es) Patch cord integrity Pass Fail
Check gender bender cable(typically at 29-56 end of switchbox) Gender bender integrity Pass Fail
a
m
a
ii
o_
Mow OC CMCk log to F1N0 InYn.n4V.1.1Or6-tea.1021/2014 j �• �

QC Test Log for Aestus GeoTrax SurveyTM Instrumentation
Day of Week(circle one): Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun Ciat+• 7 •- -Ii•+ r
Quality Control Pass/Fail Failure Specifics) Corrective Measures Taken
Instrument Name Test Name Result Specifics (circle one) Other Comments If QC Test Failed
Supersting R8(Aestus Owned) Receiver Test(target=0.50) FEREENIM Pass Fail
Su•:rstin.R8 beau.instrument Receiver Test tar.et=0.5n • , Pa Fad
Switchbox(56 Electrode;Aestus owned) Relay Test
Switchbox 56 Electrode,backu•Instrument Rela Test
Resistivit electrode cables surface la out for GeoTrax Surve " Cable Test - /2M
Wr-rt:eu.:.ci.a.A:r r.�-ra.r..:l:r[•i ai.n f.:..�ir:> rin.v_,�{' Contact Resistance Test
1st survey line run today Contact Resistance Test Low O= and High n. j Peas Fall 54,.)
2nd survey line run today Contact Resistance Test Low 0=end High n= Pass Fail
3rd survey line run today Contact Resistance Test' Low 07 and High rk_ Pass Fail
4th survey line run today Contact Resistance Test' Low n= and High O. Pass Fail
5th survey line run today Contact Resistance Test/ Low n= and Mph O. Pass Fail
vl • ijiLl'.7•jwiag.lja—L•ia 1.! ,1•�•C:ir:,1julr(-I.a7-.jlr,.i r•-�•.:ilru'
Check output voltage of SuperSting R8 Power Supply or 12V DC battery Power supply voltage Pass Fail
Check patch cords from Supersting R8 to Switchbox(es) Patch cord integrity Pass Fail
Check gender bender cable(typically at 29-56 end of switchbox) Gender bender integrity Pass Fail
0
A
estus
•e.nn o: yea,nrrvmw.nm 10�D�..+•io�12o1•

QC Test Log for Aestus GeoTrax Survey'"" Instrumentation
Day of Week(circle one): Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri O Sun [ante > ^ . step by
Quality Control Pass/Fall Failure Specifics/ Corrective Measures Taken
Instrument Name Test Name Result Specifics (circle one) Other Comments If QC Test Failed
Supersting R8(Aestus Owned) Receiver Test(target=0.50) 0 range= Pass Fail
S • in.R8 backu.instrument Receiver Test tar.et=0.50 0 re re=, ' Pasi Fail
Switchbox(56 Electrode;Aestus owned) Relay Test Pass Fail
Switchbox 56 Electrode;backu.Instrument Rela Test -aril Fail
Resistivit electrode cables surface la out for GeoTrax Su - "' Cable Test Pa • Fail
Resistivit electrode cables surface la out for GeoTrax Surve " Contact Resistance Test
1st survey line run today Contact Resistance Test Low 0=ai. and High ck _ Pa$ Fail
2nd survey line run today Contact Resistance Test' Low 0= and High a._ `"Pass Fail
3rd survey line run today Contact Resistance Test' Low 0= and High O. Pass Fail
4th survey line run today Contact Resistance Test' Low 0=_and High D. Pass Fail
5th survey line run today Contact Resistance Test' Low 0= and Nth D. Pass Fail
/havin. .roblems with an of the above tests,then test the following
Check output voltage of SuperSting R8 Power Supply or 12V DC battery Power supply voltage Pass Fail
Check patch cords from Supersting R8 to Switchbox(es) Patch cord integrity Pass Fail
Check gender bender cable(typically at 29-56 end of switchbox) Gender bender integrity Pass Fail
a
Ai
estus
Ae"6n.LLC
MMus OC Chwk Leg/s Hid YUY1wm"nlbn 10.19-11r 10'73OW 1"

Electronic Appendices
(Sent via email with report transmittal)
Electronic Appendix E-1 Site Photographs
pP
Electronic Appendix E-2 XYZR GeoTrax SurveyTM Data Output Files
Electronic Appendix E-3 3-D Visualization Model and Free Viewer Software
Electronic Appendix E-4 Raw Data Files for Client QC (collected w/ standard ERI
method)
AtUS
Aes[us,LLC

Appendix C
HDD Injection Well Screen Design Package

Design Report for Horizontal
Injection Well , Permanganate
Tracer Study Site 88
Marine Corps Installations East,
Camp LeJeune, NC, REVO1
Prepared For
CH2M HILL
14120 Ballantyne Corporate Place, Suite 200
Charlotte, North Carolina 28277
July 21 , 2015
LOSoASKV & Associates, Inc.
4207 Rhoda Dr.
Baton Rouge, LA 70816
225-772-6660
225-272-2200

TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 INTRODUCTION 3
1.1 HORIZONTAL INJECTION WELLS 3
1.2 SCOPE OF WORK AND ASSUMPTIONS 3
2.0 WELL PLACEMENT DESIGN 4
2.1 WELL PATHS AND WELL DEPTHS 4
2.2 WELL GEOMETRY 4
3.0 WELL COMPLETION DESIGN 5
3.1 WELL DIAMETER AND WELL MATERIALS 5
3.2 WELL SCREEN 5
3.2.1 Input Parameters 5
3.2.2 Pipe Flow 6
3.2.3 Orifice Flow 7
3.2.4 Porous Media Flow 9
4.0 INJECTION WELL ANALYSIS RESULTS 10
4.1 WELLHIW-1 10
4.1.1 Injection Rate for Well HIW-1 10
4.1.2 Screen Open Area in Well HIW-1 10
5.0 SLOT CONFIGURATION 11
5.1 SLOT APERTURE 11
5.2_ SLOT LENGTH 11
6.0 SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS 12
7.0 REFERENCES 13
Design Report for Horizontal Injection Well,Permanganate Tracer Study Site 88 Marine Corps Installations East, 2
Camp LeJeune,NC,REV01. July 21,2015. Losonsky&Associates,Inc. --

1.0 Introduction
The installation and operation of a horizontal injection wells is planned for the
permanganate injection at Site 88, Marine Corps Installations East—Marine Corps Base
Camp LeJeune, North Carolina (Site). Losonsky & Associates Inc. was retained by
CH2M HILL to provide a Design Report for this project. The purpose of the Design
Report is to provide the screen design for the horizontal well planned for the project,
supported by technical and engineering information. Information used in the preparation
of this Design Report was provided to Losonsky&Associates by CH2M HILL.
This revision, REV01, was issued to adjust the design for changes in well completion
material, at the request of CH2MHILL.
1.1 Horizontal Injection Wells
A permanganate solution will be injected at a rate of 50 gpm into horizontal wells HIW-
1. The screen section will be 500 ft long, so that the well will inject at a unit flow rate of
0.1 gpm/ft. The horizontal screen will be placed 100 ft below ground surface (bgs). The
target zone is the middle Castle Hayne aquifer, primarily a fine silty sand with some
dense partially cemented zones.
1.2 Scope of Work and Assumptions
The objective-of the proposed horizontal injection system is to inject a permanganate
solution below the water table at the Site in order for the purpose of in situ chemical
oxidation. CH2M HILL provided the following information used by Losonsky &
Associates to design the system:
• Maps and schematic cross sections showing the locations of the proposed
horizontal injection wells and subsurface hydrostratigraphy,
•
• Water level information, and
• Operational parameters of the permanganate injection system.
The primary engineering goal of the design effort is to achieve nearly uniform injection
along the screened section of the horizontal well, with less than 1 percent skew, given
site-specific hydrogeologic characteristics, and the intended conditions of operation of
the injection system. Generally uniform flow distribution along the screen is necessary in
order to affect the entire target treatment zone. The.design is based on experience and
output of fluid dynamics simulation models, which determine the appropriate slotting
configuration needed to produce acceptably uniform flow along the screened sections of
the proposed horizontal injection well.
Losonsky & Associates has not visited the Site, and has not performed any field
investigations. In preparing this design, Losonsky & Associates relied upon data and
information provided by CH2M HILL.
Design Report for Horizontal Injection Well,Permanganate Tracer Study Site 88 Marine Corps Installations East, 3
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.2.0 Well Placement Design
The horizontal injection well will be directionally drilled using a jetting tool to drill a
pilot hole, which may be enlarged and completed with one or more reaming operations
by the directional drilling rig. The horizontal wells will be entry-exit wells, with an entry
riser section between the entry point, or wellhead, and the beginning of the screen
section, and an exit riser section terminating at an exit point at the surface.
The horizontal distance, or displacement, between the proximal end of the well screen
and the wellhead is the step-back distance, or horizontal displacement, and the linear
length of the well measured from the entry point to the end of the well is the measured
depth (MD) of the well. True vertical depth (TVD) is measured at any point along the
well path vertically to the underlying portion of the well. The header length includes both
the riser and any surface conveyance piping from the wellhead to the equipment
enclosure containing the injection equipment.
2.1 Well Paths and Well Depths
The well path of the horizontal injection well is designed to inject permanganate solution
into the targeted water-bearing sand unit. The horizontal well is designed to intersect a
target plume areas beneath Site 88, taking full advantage of the zone of influence of the
horizontal injection well, based on the results of subsurface testing conducted by others.
The placement of the horizontal well reflects COC distribution and subsurface
hydrostratigraphy, as determined by CH2M HILL.
2.2 Well Geometry
The horizontal well will have the following lengths:
• HIW-1: approximately 1575 ft total length, consisting of:
o 625 ft entry riser,
o 500 ft of screen
o approximately 450 ft exit riser
The riser length is rounded to the nearest ft. The depth of the screen section of the
horizontal well will be 100 ft bgs throughout the screen section, from the proximal end to
the distal end.
Conveyance piping is assumed to be either of inconsequential length, or have sufficiently
large diameter to preclude significant effect on frictional head losses. This design report
is based on pressure at the injection wellhead.
Design Report for Horizontal Injection Well,Permanganate Tracer Study Site 88 Marine Corps Installations East, 4
Camp LeJeune,NC,REV01. July 21,2015. Losonsky&Associates,Inc.

3.0 Well Completion Design
Key elements of well completion include the well diameter, well materials, and screen
slotting configuration. Filter pack is not recommended for horizontal wells in general,
and is not recommended for the planned horizontal injection wells at the Site.
3.1 Well Diameter and Well Materials
Modeling and operation of horizontal remediation wells over the past twenty-five years
indicates that for typical operating flow rates and total pipe lengths in the range of 100 to
1000 ft, a well diameter of 3 or.4 inches generally avoids significant frictional head loss
or pressure drop. The well will be installed as an entry-exit well using installation
methods that are viable for up to 4-inch diameter pipe. Based on head loss calculations
and pipe availability, 4-inch diameter, fiberglass reinforced epoxy (FRE) pipe was
selected for the horizontal injection well. The 4-inch FRE pipe has a nominal outside
diameter (OD) of 4.5 inches, and an average inside diameter (ID) of 3.9 inches. This
design accounts for head losses in the 4-inch FRE riser pipe and screen section of the
well.
3.2 Well Screen
The design of the injection well specifies the open area of the well screen that will allow
uniform injection of permanganate into the formation. The mechanical analysis consists
of three basic elements: pipe flow, orifice (slot) flow, and formation flow. The analysis
consists of iterative calculations along the well screen, generating key mechanical
parameters:
• Pressure or head along the screen,
• Flow through the screened pipe, and
• Injection of permanganate fluid into the formation.
The analysis uses an iterative computational process to determine the degree of
uniformity of flow along the well screen, calculated with an acceptable margin of error
and without violating laws of fluid mechanics. The design goal is to provide uniform
injection of permanganate into the formation, within acceptable tolerance ranges. The
injection well analysis simulates permanganate solution moving through the riser, along
the screen, through slots and into the formation. The results are used to determine the
necessary open area along the well screen, and to indicate how the open area needs to
vary along the screen in order to achieve an acceptable degree of uniformity of flow.
3.2.1 Input Parameters
The analysis depends on the following pipe specifications and hydrogeologic parameters:
• Injection rate
• Mass flow rate of the injection stream
• Inner diameter of the well pipe
• Outer diameter of the well pipe
Design Report for Horizontal Injection Well,Permanganate Tracer Study Site 88 Marine Corps Installations Fast, 5
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• Pipe roughness factor
• Hydraulic conductivity of the formation
• Thickness of the target zone
• Length of the header pipe
• Elevation of the inlet of the header pipe
• Elevation of the outlet of the header pipe
• Changes in elevation of the screened section, if any(none for the modeled well)
• Viscosity of the injected fluid
• Temperature of the extracted or injected fluid
• Orifice coefficient for the screen slots
• Time to reach equilibrium flow in the subsurface soil formations
The analysis can be used to help specify optimal operating conditions for a horizontal
well. Field tests can be used to identify hydrogeologic input parameters, and to define
appropriate operational ranges for injection pressures and flow rates that will effectively
deliver permanganate solution to the target saturated zone.
3.2.2 Pipe Flow
The calculation of frictional head losses in the pipe is applied to both the header pipe and
to each element of the screened section. Bernoulli's equation solves for total head in
terms of fluid pressure and velocity:
•
(3-1)
Pg 2g
In Equation 3-1, h is the total head along a streamline,p is the pressure, V is the average
fluid velocity, p is the fluid density, z is the pipe elevation, and g is gravitational
acceleration. According to Bernoulli's equation, energy is conserved and the total head
remains constant, so that gravity head or pressure head can be converted into velocity.
Viscous fluids convert mechanical energy, or head, into heat along the pipe wall. To
account for this loss of head,the viscous head is added to the Bernoulli equation:
X
n.
h = 2 dx (3-2)
pg 2g D 2g
Xa
In the right-hand term in Equation 3-2, D is the pipe diameter, x is the coordinate in the
direction of flow, and f is a proportionality term called the friction factor. Viscous head,
the right-hand term in Equation 3-2, absorbs energy yielded by pressure head, velocity,
and gravity. The total head still remains constant.
Design Report for Horizontal Injection Well,Permanganate Tracer Study Site 88 Marine Corps Installations Fast, 6
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The pressure at a point along the pipe is derived by integrating the viscous head equation:
+ , L( 2 (3-3)
PE PA! P g 2
In Equation (3-3),pA and pB represent pressure at two points along the pipe, and Az is the
change in pipe elevation.
The friction factor,f is a function of the Reynolds Number and pipe roughness. The
Reynolds Number, R, characterizes the pipe flow in terms of turbulent or laminar flow,
where R less than 2000 represents laminar flow in pipes and R greater than 2000
represents turbulent flow. The Reynolds number is defined as:
0 VD
(3-4)
whereµ is the dynamic viscosity of the fluid.
The roughness of the pipe, e, is the average size of any ribs, bumps, or protrusions on the
inside wall of the pipe. The ratio elD is called the relative roughness. For laminar flow,
the friction factor equals 64/R. For turbulent flow, the friction factor is determined
empirically. The Moody Chart for pipe flow plots a series of solutions to the following
empirical equation:
I e ID= —2 10 + . �1 (3-5)
3.7 R
The Moody Chart is used for curve-fitting to determine the friction factor for a specific
fluid flowing through a given pipe under known flow conditions.
3.2.3 Orifice Flow
The slots of a well screen constitute orifices through which the fluid can flow into the
screened pipe. The intended effect of permanganate injection is for the liquid to exit the
screen through the slots at a uniform rate along the length of the screen. An orifice is a
Design Report for Horizontal Injection Well,Permanganate Tracer Study Site 88 Marine Corps Installations East, 7
Camp LeJeune,NC,REV01. July 21,2015. Losonsky&Associates,Inc.

more constricted channel for flow than the pipe containing the orifice. The pressure of the
fluid drops as it flows through the orifice and out of the pipe.
Orifice flow equations are derived from Bernoulli's equation, which are valid if the fluid
speed is sufficiently slower than the speed of sound (less than mach 0.3). Based on
Bernoulli's equation,the flow across a circular orifice is:
=417 P -P2 = 1 P V2 - 1 P v l (3-6)
where pi and p2 represent fluid pressure immediately upstream and downstream of the
orifice. Substituting cross sectional areas for the velocities, V, in Equation 3-6 with the
volumetric flow rate, Q, yields the orifice flow equation:
_ Cd rjvA
- 2(k) (3-7)
111 4
In Equation 3-7, Cd is the discharge coefficient that accounts for the flow-reducing effects
of viscosity and turbulence, which convert kinetic flow energy into heat. The cross
sectional area, A2, downstream of the orifice is too complex to be described directly.
Instead,the flow coefficient, Cf, is defined in order to simplify the orifice flow equation:
C 1 (3-8)
In Equation 3-8,Ao is the cross-sectional area of the orifice.
The flow coefficient, Cf, is determined empirically using curve-fitting. Its values range
from 0.6 to 0.9 for most orifices. The flow coefficient varies as a function of the orifice
size, the pipe diameter, and the Reynolds Number.
For noncircular orifices, the hydraulic diameter is used in the flow equations. For a
rectangular orifice with sides of length a and b, the hydraulic diameter equals four times
the hydraulic radius. The hydraulic radius equals the area of the slot divided by the twice
Design Report for Horizontal Injection Well,Permanganate Tracer Study Site 88 Marine Corps Installations East, 8
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the sum of the side lengths of the orifice. For example, for slots with a 100:1 ratio of
length to width, the correction factor applied to the slot area is 32.5.
3.2.4 Porous Media Flow
Flow of fluid to or from the porous formation through the horizontal well is governed by
equations related to Darcy's Law and the Laplace Equations for mass balance. A wide
range of solutions for those equations have been developed in the hydrogeologic
literature to describe flow to and from wells, including solutions specific to horizontal
wells, presented by Joshi (1991), Losonsky and Beljin (1992), Beljin and Losonsky
(1992), and Losonsky& Beljin(1994). The analysis was performed using such solutions.
Design Report for Horizontal Injection Well,Permanganate Tracer Study Site 88 Marine Corps Installations East, 9
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4.0 Injection Well Analysis Results
This section presents the results of the mechanical analysis of permanganate injection in
the subsurface, based on known site hydrogeologic conditions. Results are presented for
the horizontal well proposed for the Site, with screen and riser lengths as specified in
Section 2.2, and pipe diameter as specified in Section 3.1.
4.1 Well HIW-1
Well HIW-1 will be used to inject permanganate at a rate of 50 gpm into the water
bearing sand unit at a depth of 100 ft bgs. The proximal end of the well screen will be
separated from the wellhead by 625 ft of riser pipe. The well will be completed with 4-
inch FRE pipe, and it will have a 500-ft long screen section. The screen will be slotted
with the calculated uniform open area that will produce evenly distributed flow along the
entire screen,within less than 1 percent of the target unit flow rate.
4.1.1 Injection Rate for Well HIW-1
Figure 1 shows the permanganate injection rate per foot of screen in cubic ft per minute
(cfm) per foot of well screen for well HIW-1 operating at 39 psi. The unit injection rate
along the horizontal screen will be approximately 0.013 cfm per foot (0.1 gpm)
throughout the horizontal screen, for a total flow rate of 50 gpm. The injection rate will
change by less than 1 percent along the horizontal well screen.
The unit injection rate measured in pounds (lbs)per hour per foot of screen in well HIW-
1 is shown in Figure 2 for the well operating at 36 psi at the wellhead. The well injects
approximately 50 lbs permanganate solution per hour per foot of screen. Figure 3 shows
the cumulative injection rate as a percentage of total injection in well HIW-1.
4.1.2 Screen Open Area in Well HIW-1
The numerical flow simulation indicates that flow will distribute evenly if the open area
in well HIW-1 is constant along the entire screen, but properly matched to the flow rate
and pipe diameter. The optimal open area is 0.175 percent, achieved with a constant slot
configuration that includes 1.6-inch long slots with an aperture of 0.016 inch.
Design Report for Horizontal Injection Well,Permanganate Tracer Study Site 88 Marine Corps Installations East, 10
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5.0 Slot Configuration
The open area specified by the design can be achieved with any slot configuration that
distributes slots around the circumference of the well, and maintains consistent slot
length, slot width, and slot distribution as prescribed by the design. Well H1W-1 has
uniform open area along its entire screen section. Table 1 provides guidance for the
configuration of slots that will provide the specified open area for the horizontal well
using the specified slot dimensions. Table 1 presents suggested slot configurations for
transverse slots, cut perpendicular to the axis of the pipe, as is customary with traditional
slotted well screens and required for this project. Transverse slots are typically used in
blind well installations.
5.1 Slot Aperture
Slot aperture of 0.016 inch is acceptable for the injection well screened in a poorly graded
(well sorted) sand unit. The wells may be used for various injections in the future, and
could be used for extraction as well if needed, given the slot aperture of 0.016 inch.
Consistent 0.016 inch slots can be cut into 4-inch FRE pipe.
5.2 Slot Length
Slot length of 1.6 inch on the ID of the pipe is specified because it allows good
distribution of slots over the surface of the pipe. Arranging the slots in 3 rows leaves
approximately 3.4 inches of pipe surface between slots within each row, assuming a 6-
inch collar remains unslotted at both ends of each 20-ft section of FRE pipe (Table 1).
The end-to-end distance between slots in adjacent rows covers approximately 2.5 inches
of pipe surface on the ID of the pipe. Using 3 rows of slots provides good distribution of
slots around the circumference of the pipe and does not cause excessive loss of pipe
strength. Maximum strength can be preserved if slots in adjacent rows are staggered.
Consistent 1.6 inch long slots can be cut into 4-inch FRE without unusual difficulty.
Design Report for Horizontal Injection Well,Permanganate Tracer Study Site 88 Marine Corps Installations East, 11
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6.0 Summary and Recommendations
Mechanical analysis of flow through the planned horizontal permanganate injection well
HIW-1 indicates that a constant open area, created along its screen section using 0.016-
inch wide slots that are 1.6 inch long on the ID of the pipe, will produce even flow
distribution under the intended flow rates and pressures.
Horizontal injection well HIW-1 will be completed with 4-inch FRE pipe. Slots in the
FRE screen will be transverse, cut perpendicular to the axis of the pipe. The required
open area will be achieved with three rows of slots. Slots length will be 1.6 inch and slot
aperture will be 0.016 inch. The slots will be separated evenly along the length of the
pipe, and slots in adjacent rows will be staggered, if possible, in order to minimize the
loss of pipe strength due to slotting. The number of slots per row in each 20-foot stick of
the FRE pipe will be as follows:
• HIW-1 (4-inch diameter FRE):
o 0-500 feet: 129 slots distributed in 3 rows of 67 slots that are 1.6 inch long
and 0.016 inch wide
The separation between slots in each row of slots will be approximately 3.4 inch.
Separation between slots may change depending on the width of solid, unslotted collar at
the ends of the 20-foot FRE pipe sections. Spacing between rows will leave
approximately 2.5 inches of uncut FRE on the pipe ID. Any adjustments to the slot
configuration must preserve the slot dimensions and the total open area per 20-foot
section of pipe, so that the percent open area reflects the design.
Slots in adjacent rows should be staggered if possible to improve the distribution of slots,
and to reduce the loss of cross-sectional area of pipe. This will maximize pipe strength
and contribute to successful horizontal well installation and operation.
The conceptual design presented in this report is intended to provide specific guidelines
for the installation of the horizontal injection well. Subsurface conditions, site logistics,
space and equipment requirements of the drilling contractor; and manufacturing
constraints of pipe and screen suppliers may influence the fmal as-built condition of the
horizontal well.
Design Report for Horizontal Injection Well,Permanganate Tracer Study Site 88 Marine Corps Installations East, 12
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7.0 References
Joshi, S.D., 1991, Horizontal Well Technology, Pennwell Publishing Co., Tulsa,
Oklahoma, 535 pp.
Losonsky, G., and Beljin,M.S., 1992,Horizontal wells in subsurface remediation, in
Proceedings of HMC-South Conference, Hazardous Materials Controls Research
Institute,February 1992, New Orleans,pp. 75-80.
Beljin,M.S., and Losonsky, G., 1992, HWELL: A horizontal well model, in Proceedings
of Conference on Solving Ground Water Problems with Models, International
Ground Water Modeling Center and the Association of Ground Water Scientist
and Engineers,February 1992, Dallas,pp. 45-54.
Losonsky, G., and Beljin,M.S., 1994,Horizontal wells for subsurface pollution control,
in Handbook of Process Engineering for Pollution Control and Waste
Management, Wise,D.L., and Trantolo, D.J., eds., Chapter 30,Marcel-Decker,
Inc.,New York,pp. 619-633.
Design Report for Horizontal Injection Well,Permanganate Tracer Study Site 88 Marine Corps Installations East, 13
Camp LeJeune,NC,REV01. July 21,2015. Losonsky&Associates,Inc.

TABLES
Design Report for Horizontal Injection Well,Permanganate Tracer Study Site 88 Marine Corps Installations East, 14
Camp LeJeune,NC,REV01. July 21,2015. Losonsky&Associates,Inc.

TABLE 1 Rev01
Horizontal Injection Well, Camp LeJeune Site 88, NC
Target Slot Configurations for 4 Inch FRE Screen Pipe*
0.016 Inch Slot Aperture, 1.6 Inch Slot Length
. -Y
N N Width ID Row
a`, a`, of Spacing Spacing
Y N' 3 Collar (Around (Along
4-
s v, o o0 o at Pipe) of Pipe) of
Section c a ° a`, 4- a, Open 0 Each Trans- Trans-
3 0
c. of c ," 3 , Area per a a01, ID Area Open End of verse verse
,° Screen ,n 7n � ,n cc —o, Stick ,;, ,, per Stick Area Stick Slots Slots
FEET INCH INCH FEET SQR INCH INCH INCH SQR INCH % INCH INCH INCH
Injection Well HIW-1, 500 Feet of Screen, 20-Foot Sections of 4-Inch FRE Pipe
1 0-500 1.6 0.016 20.0 201 3 67 5.1456 3.900 4.50 2940.53 0.175 6.00 2.484 3.438
*Slot configuration can be adjusted to accommodate manufacturing requirements;
slot dimensions and open area per stick must be preserved

FIGURES
Design Report for Horizontal Injection Well,Permanganate Tracer Study Site 88 Marine Corps Installations East, 15
Camp LeJeune,NC,REV01. July 21,2015. Losonsky&Associates,Inc.

FIGURE 1. Injection rate (cfm/foot of screen) in Well HIW-1, Camp LeJeune Site 88
4 in FRE: 500 ft screen, 625 ft riser. Operation: 39 psi, 50 gpm
0.01360
0.01310
0- 500 feet T
Open Area
0.175 percent
0.01260
0.01210
0.01160
0 100 200 300 400 500
Distance Along the Screen (ft)

FIGURE 2. Injection rate Ib hr foot of screen) in Well HIW-1 Camp LeJeune Site 88
4 in FRE: 500 ft screen, 625 ft riser. Operation: 39 psi, 50 gpm
60.00
50.00
40.00
0- i i eet
Open Area
0.175 percent
30.00
20.00
10.00
0.00
0 100 200 300 400 500
Distance Along the Screen (ft)

FIGURE 3. Cumulative injection rate (percent of total) in Well HIW-1, Camp LeJeune Site 88
4 in FRE: 500 ft screen, 625 ft riser. Operation: 39 psi, 50 gpm
100
90
80
70
60
50
4110
40
30
20
10
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300 320 340 360 380 400 420 440 460 480 500
Distance Along the Screen (ft)

Appendix D
NCDENR Non-Discharge Groundwater Remediation
Permit Application Form

State of North Carolina
Department of Environment and Natural Resources-Division of Water Resources
Non-Discharge Groundwater Remediation Permit Application Form
THIS APPLICATION PACKAGE WILL NOT BE ACCEPTED UNLESS ALL APPLICABLE ITEMS ARE INCLUDED
APPLICATION INFORMATION
Application Date: May 2015
Application Type: New Project
* New Projects— DWQ to assign application #
** Renewals/Modifications—Enter Permit#
Fee Submitted: (refer to fee schedule at Not Applicable under CERCLA Exclusion
http://portal.ncdenr.org/web/wq/aps/lau/fees)
* For new projects: complete this page, signature page, and supply all attachments.
** For renewals: complete this page and signature page.
For modifications: complete this page, signature page, and supply relevant attachments.
Applicant's Name(specify the name of the Mr.John Townson
municipality, corporation, individual, etc.):
Owner or Signing Official's Name and Title Director of Environmental Management Division
(person legally responsible for the facility and its compliance):
Mailing Address: G-F/EMD/EQB; 12 Post Lane
Telephone Number: 910-451-7693
Email Address:
Facility Name (name of the project site; be Site 88, Operable Unit No. 15, Marine Corps
consistent throughout application package): Installations East-Marine Corps Base Camp
Lejeune(MCIEAST-MCB CAM LEJ)
Physical Address: G-F/EMD/EQB; 12 Post Lane
County: Onslow
Geographic Coordinates: 3839153.42 N;284648.62 E(NAD1983; UTM/Zone 18N)
Contact Person (who can answer Jessica High
questions about application):
Telephone Number: 704-543-3263
Email Address: [e-mail]
Non-Discharge Groundwater Remediation Permit Application Revised August 7,2013

ATTACHMENTS
Applicable information listed below is included in the attached Permanganate Tracer Study
Work Plan,Site 88, Operable Unit No. 15, Marine Corps Installations East—Marine Corps Base
Camp Leieune, North Carolina(CH2M HILL,2015).Applicable sections, tables, figures are
provided for each section below.
A. Site Description and Incident Information. As specified in 15A NCAC 02T.1604(a),the
applicant must briefly describe the site, noting pertinent site information including:
(1) Contaminant(s) of concern,
(2) Source(s) and date(s) of the contaminant release,
(3) Remedial actions to date,
(4) Current land use,
(5) Potential receptors, and
(6) Incident number and name of oversight agency.
Required information is documented in the attached Work Plan,specifically Section 2.
B. Soils Evaluation. As specified in 15A NCAC 02T.1604(b), for systems with proposed
discharge within seven feet of land surface and above the seasonal high water table, a soil
evaluation of the disposal site shall be provided to the Division by the applicant. If required by
G.S. 89F, a soil scientist shall submit this evaluation. This evaluation shall be presented in a
report that includes the following components:
(1) Field description of soil profile. Based on examinations of excavation pits or
auger borings,the following parameters shall be described by individual
diagnostic horizons to a depth of seven feet below land surface or to bedrock:
(A) Thickness of the horizon;
(B) Texture;
(C) Color and other diagnostic features;
(D) Structure;
(E) Internal drainage;
(F) Depth,thickness, and type of restrictive horizon(s);
(G) pH;
(H) Cation exchange capacity; and
(I) Presence or absence and depth of evidence of any seasonal high water
table.
(2) Recommendations concerning annual and instantaneous loading rates of liquids,
solids, other wastewater constituents and amendments. Annual hydraulic
loading rates shall be based on in-situ measurement of saturated hydraulic
conductivity in the most restrictive horizon.
This information is NOT APPLICABLE since discharge will not be within 7 feet of land
surface,but at 100 feet below land surface.
Non-Discharge Groundwater Remediation Permit Application Revised August 7,2013

C. Hydrogeologic Evaluation. As specified in 15A NCAC 02T.1604(c), a hydrogeologic
evaluation of the disposal site shall be provided to the Division by the applicant. This
evaluation shall be conducted to a depth that includes the depth of existing contamination and
the total depth of the injection well(s) or infiltration gallery(ies).This evaluation shall be based
on borings for which the numbers, locations, and depths are sufficient to define the
components of the hydrogeologic evaluation. In addition to borings, other techniques may be
used to investigate the subsurface conditions at the site. These techniques may include
geophysical well logs, surface geophysical surveys, and tracer studies. This evaluation shall be
presented in a report that includes the following components:
(1) A description of the regional and local geology and hydrogeology;
(2) A description;based on field observations of the site, of the site topographic
setting, streams, springs and other groundwater discharge features, drainage
features, existing and abandoned wells, rock outcrops, and other features that
may affect the movement of the contaminant plume and treated wastewater;
(3) Changes in lithology underlying the site;
(4) Depth to bedrock and occurrence of any rock outcrops;
(5) The hydraulic conductivity, transmissivity, and storativity(specific yield if
unconfined aquifer) of the affected aquifer(s);
(6) Depth to the seasonal high water table;
(7) A discussion of the relationship between the affected aquifers of the site to
local and regional geologic and hydrogeologic features; and
(8) A discussion of the groundwater flow regime of the site focusing on the
relationship of the plume and remediation system to groundwater receptors,
groundwater discharge features, and groundwater flow media.
Required information is documented in the attached Work Plan, specifically Sections 1
and 2.
D. Demonstration of Hydraulic Control. As specified in 15A NCAC 02T.1604(d), computer
modeling or predictive calculations based on site-specific conditions shall be provided to the
Division by the applicant to demonstrate that operation of the system will not cause or
contribute to:
(1) The migration of contaminants into previously uncontaminated areas, and
(2) A violation of the groundwater standards specified in 15A NCAC 02L.0202 at
the compliance boundary as described in 15A NCAC 02L.0107.
Required information is documented in the attached Work Plan, specifically using
predictive calculations based on site-specific conditions outlined in Sections 3.6.1,
Figures 3-1 through 3-6,and Table 3-3.
Non-Discharge Groundwater Remediation Permit Application Revised August 7,2013

E. Maps and Cross-Sections. As specified in 15A NCAC 02T.1604(e), site plans or maps shall be
provided to the Division by the applicant depicting the location, orientation, and relationship of
facility components including:
(1) A scaled map of the site,with site-specific topographic contour intervals and
showing all facility-related structures and fences within the treatment, storage
and disposal areas;
(2) Locations of all test auger borings or inspection pits;
(3) The location of all wells (including usage and construction details if available),
designated wellhead protection areas, streams (ephemeral, intermittent, and
perennial), springs, lakes, ponds, other surface drainage features, and any other
site activities or features that may involve possible exposure to contamination
within 500 feet of all waste treatment, storage, and disposal sites;
(4) Setbacks specified in 15A NCAC 02T.1606;
(5) Delineation of property boundaries, review boundaries, and compliance
boundaries;
(6) The horizontal and vertical extent of the contaminant plume for each of the
contaminants of concern, including isoconcentration lines and plume cross-
sections;
(7) Cross-sections depicting soil and rock layers and features to a depth including
the depth of existing contamination and the total depth of the injection wells or
infiltration galleries; and
(8) Hydrologic features such as potentiometric surface/water table contours and
the direction of groundwater flow.
Required information is documented in the attached Work Plan,specifically Tables 2-2,
3-2,4-1,and Figures 1-2,2-2 through 2-10,and 3-1 through 3-6.
F. Engineering Design Documents. As specified in 15A NCAC 02T.1604(f),the following
documents shall be provided to the Division by the applicant:
(1) Engineering plans for the entire system, including treatment, storage,
application, and disposal facilities and equipment except those previously
permitted unless they are directly tied into the new units or are critical to the
understanding of the complete process;
(2) Specifications describing materials to be used, methods of construction, and
means for ensuring quality and integrity of the finished product; and
(3) Plans that include construction details of recovery, injection, and monitoring
wells and infiltration galleries.
NOTE: Recovery and monitoring wells shall be constructed in accordance with
the requirements of 15A,NCAC 02C .0108. Injection wells shall be constructed
in accordance with the requirements of 15A NCAC 02C .0225(g).
Required information is documented in the attached Work Plant specifically Sections 3,
4,and 5,Tables 3-1,3-2,4-1,and Figures 3-1,3-5,and 4-2.
Non-Discharge Groundwater Remediation Permit Application Revised August 7,2013

G. Operating and Monitoring Plans. As specified in 15A NCAC 02T.1604(g), an operation and
monitoring plan shall be provided to the Division by the applicant. These documents shall be
specific to the site and include:
(1) The operating plan shall include:
(A) The operating schedule including any periodic shut-down times,
(B) Required maintenance activities for all structural and mechanical
elements,
(C) All consumable and waste materials with their intended source and
disposal locations,
(D) Restrictions on access to the site and equipment, and
(E) Provisions to ensure the quality of the treated effluent and hydraulic
control of the system at all times when any portion of the system ceases
to function.
(2) If injection wells are to be used then the operating plan shall also include:
(A) The proposed average and maximum daily rate and quantity of injectant;
(B) The average maximum injection pressure expressed in units of pounds
per square inch (psi); and
(C) The total or estimated total volume to be injected.
(3) The monitoring plan shall be prepared in accordance with 15A NCAC 02T.1607
and include:
(A) The monitoring well(s) that will be sampled,
(B) The constituent(s) for which those samples will be analyzed, and
(C) The schedule for sampling.
Required information is documented in the attached Work Plan, specifically Sections
p Y
4.6,4.7,and 4.9, Figure 4-1,and.Table 3-1.
H. In Situ Remediation Additives.The following shall be provided to the Division by the
applicant if the remediation system includes additives to promote remediation in situ:
NOTE: Approved injectants can be found online at http://portal.ncdenr.orq/web/wq/aps/qwpro. All other
substances must be reviewed by the Division of Public Health, Department of Health and Human Services as
required by 15A NCAC 02C.0225(a). Contact the UIC Program for more information(Ph#919-807-6464).
(1) MSDS,concentration at the point of injection,and percentage if present in a mixture with
other injectants;
(2) A description of the rationale for selecting the injectants and concentrations proposed for
injection,including an explanation or calculations of how the proposed injectant volumes
and concentrations were determined;
(3) A description of the reactions between the injectants and the contaminants present
including specific breakdown products or intermediate compounds that may be formed
by the injection;
(4) A summary of results if modeling or testing was performed to investigate the injectant's
potential or susceptibility for biological, chemical, or physical change in the subsurface;
and
(5) An evaluation concerning the development of byproducts of the injection process,
including increases in the concentrations of naturally occurring substances. Such an
evaluation shall include the identification of the specific byproducts of the injection
Non-Discharge Groundwater Remediation Permit Application Revised August 7,2013

process, projected concentrations of byproducts, and areas of migration as determined
through modeling or other predictive calculations.
Required information is documented in the attached Work Plan, specifically Section 3,
Table 3-1,and Appendix E.
Non-Discharge Groundwater Remediation Permit Application Revised August 7,2013

Professional Engineer's Certification:
Name and Complete Address of Engineering Firm: CH2M HILL, Inc.
14120 Ballantyne Corporate Place, Suite 200
City: Charlotte State: NC Zip: 28277
Telephone Number: [phone] Fax Number: [phone]
I, Jessica M. High x attest that this application for the Site 88, Operable Unit No. 15
Permanganate Tracer Study Non-Discharge Groundwater Remediation Permit has been reviewed by
me and is accurate and complete to the best of my knowledge. I further attest that to the best of my
knowledge the proposed design has been prepared in accordance with the applicable regulations.
Although certain portions of this submittal package may have been developed by other professionals,
inclusion of these materials under my signature and seal signifies that I have reviewed this material and
have judged it to be consistent with the proposed design. \\`\�,CARO,,,
North Carolina Professional Engineer's Seal, Signature, and Date: .��Q�.�rtSS/ ."4,
`
: ct SEAL ?'
°',er0 409 =
ilk'•'•
#'491916AIA*•A
Applicant's Certification (signing authority must be in compliance with l5A NCAC 2T.0106(b)
and (c)):
I, attest that this application for
has been reviewed by me and is accurate and complete to the best of my knowledge. I understand that
if ali required parts of this application are not completed and that if all required supporting information
and attachments are not included, this application package will be returned to me as incomplete.
Signature Date
SEND TWO COPIES OF THE COMPLETE APPLICATION PACKAGE, INCLUDING ALL
SUPPORTING INFORMATION AND MATERIALS,TO THE FOLLOWING ADDRESS:
DWR-AQUIFER PROTECTION SECTION
1636 MAIL SERVICE CENTER
RALEIGH,NORTH CAROLINA 27699-1636
TELEPHONE NUMBER: [phone]
Non-Discharge Groundwater Remediation Permit Application Revised August 7,2013

Appendix E
Safety Data Sheets

SAFETY DATA SHEET
1. Identification
Product identifier RemOx®L ISCO Reagent
Other means of identification Not available.
Recommended use Liquid oxidant recommended for applications that require a concentrated permanganate solution.
Recommended restrictions Use in accordance with supplier's recommendations.
Manufacturer/Importer/Supplier/Distributor information
Manufacturer/Supplier CARUS CORPORATION
Address 315 Fifth Street,
Peru, IL 61354,USA
Telephone [phone]-All other non-emergency inquiries about the product should be
directed to the company
E-mail [e-mail]
Website www.caruscorporation.com
Contact person Dr.Chithambarathanu Pillai
Emergency Telephone For Hazardous Materials[or Dangerous Goods]Incidents ONLY
(spill, leak,fire,exposure or accident),call CHEMTREC at
CHEMTREC®, USA:001 [phone]
CHEMTREC®, Mexico(Toll-Free-must be dialed from within country):
01-800-681-9531
CHEMTREC®, Other countries:001 [phone]
2. Hazard(s) identification
Physical hazards Oxidizing liquids Category 2
Health hazards Acute toxicity,oral Category 4
Skin corrosion/irritation Category 1 B
Serious eye damage/eye irritation Category 1
Specific target organ toxicity,single exposure Category 3 respiratory tract irritation
OSHA defined hazards Not classified.
Label elements
•
Signal word Danger
Hazard statement May intensify fire;oxidizer. Harmful if swallowed.Causes severe skin bums and eye damage. May
cause respiratory irritation.
Precautionary statement
Prevention Keep away from heat.Take any precaution to avoid mixing with combustibles. Keep/Store away
from clothing//combustible materials. Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. Do not
breathe mist or vapor.Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
Do not eat,drink or smoke when using this product.Wash thoroughly after handling.
Response In case of fire: Use water for extinction. If in eyes: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes.
Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do.Continue rinsing. If on skin(or hair):Take off
immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower.Wash contaminated clothing
before reuse. If swallowed: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. If inhaled: Remove person to
fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing.
Storage Store locked up.Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.
Disposal Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local/regional/national/intemational regulations.
Hazard(s)not otherwise Not classified.
classified (HNOC)
Environmental hazards Hazardous to the aquatic environment,acute Category 1
hazard
Hazardous to the aquatic environment, Category 1
long-term hazard
RemOx®L ISCO Reagent SDS US
909145 Version#:01 Revision date:- Issue date:27-November-2013 1 /9

Supplemental information
Hazard symbol
Hazard statement Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects.
Precautionary statement
Prevention Avoid release to the environment.
Response Collect spillage.
3. Composition/information on ingredients
Mixtures
Chemical name CAS number %
Sodium permanganate 10101-50-5 36-40
Composition comments All concentrations are in percent by weight unless ingredient is a gas. Gas concentrations are in
percent by volume.
4. First-aid measures
Inhalation If breathing is difficult,remove to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.Move to fresh
air.For breathing difficulties,oxygen may be necessary. Call a physician or poison control center
immediately.Get medical attention immediately. Call a physician if symptoms develop or persist.
Get medical attention if symptoms persist.
Skin contact Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.(Caution:Solution may ignite certain textiles).
Immediately flush skin with plenty of water.Get medical attention immediately.Wash
contaminated clothing before reuse.
Contact with skin may leave a brown stain of insoluble manganese dioxide.This can be easily
removed by washing with a mixture of equal volume of household vinegar and 3% hydrogen
peroxide,followed by washing with soap and water.
Eye contact Immediately flush with plenty of water for up to 15 minutes. Remove any contact lenses and open
eyelids wide apart.Continue rinsing. Get medical attention immediately.
Ingestion Immediately rinse mouth and drink plenty of water. Never give anything by mouth to a victim who is
unconscious or is having convulsions. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, keep head low
so that stomach content doesn't get into the lungs.Get medical attention immediately.
Before using,read Material Safety Data Sheet(MSDS)for this product. Rinse container at least
three times to an absence of pink color before disposing.
Most important Contact with this material will cause burns to the skin,eyes and mucous membranes.Corrosive
symptoms/effects,acute and effects. Irritation of eyes and mucous membranes. Symptoms may include stinging,tearing,
delayed redness,swelling,and blurred vision. May cause temporary blindness and severe eye damage.
Permanent eye damage including blindness could result.Show this safety data sheet to the doctor
in attendance.
Indication of immediate Provide general supportive measures and treat symptomatically. In case of shortness of breath,
medical attention and special give oxygen. Decomposition products are alkaline.Brown stain is insoluble manganese dioxide.
treatment needed
General information In the case of accident or if you feel unwell,seek medical advice immediately(show the label
where possible). If you feel unwell,seek medical advice(show the label where possible).Ensure
that medical personnel are aware of the material(s)involved,and take precautions to protect
themselves. For personal protection,see Section 8 of the MSDS. Show this safety data sheet to
the doctor in attendance.Wash contaminated clothing before reuse.
5. Fire-fighting measures
Suitable extinguishing media Flood with water from a distance,water spray or fog.
extinguishing Thefollowingextinguishing media are ineffective: Drychemical. Foam.Carbon dioxide CO2 .
Unsuitable ( )
9 g 9 9
media Halogenated materials.
Specific hazards arising from May intensify fire;oxidizer. May ignite combustibles(wood, paper,oil,clothing, etc.). Contact with
the chemical incompatible materials or heat(135°C/275°F)could result in violent exothermic chemical
reaction.Oxidizing agent,may cause spontaneous ignition of combustible materials. By heating
and fire, corrosive vapors/gases may be formed.
Special protective equipment Self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective clothing must be worn in case of fire.
and precautions for firefighters Selection of respiratory protection for firefighting:follow the general fire precautions indicated in
the workplace.
RemOx®L ISCO Reagent SDS US
909145 Version#:01 Revision date:- Issue date:27-November-2013 2/9

Fire-fighting Move container from fire area if it can be done without risk.Cool containers exposed to flames with
equipment/instructions water until well after the fire is out. Prevent runoff from fire control or dilution from entering
streams,sewers,or drinking water supply. Dike fire control water for later disposal.Water runoff
can cause environmental damage.
6. Accidental release measures
Personal precautions, Keep unnecessary personnel away. Keep upwind:Do not touch damaged containers or spilled
protective equipment and material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing.Avoid inhalation of vapors and contact with
emergency procedures skin and eyes.Wear protective clothing as described in Section 8 of this safety data sheet.Local
authorities should be advised if significant spillages cannot be contained.
Methods and materials for Keep combustibles(wood,paper,oil,etc.)away from spilled material.Should not be released into
containment and cleaning up the environment.This product is miscible in water.
Large Spills:Stop leak if possible without any risk.Dike the spilled material,where this is possible.
Proceed with either of the following two options depending upon the size of the spill and the
availability of the neutralizing agents:
Option#1:Dilute to approximately 6%with water,and then reduce with sodium thiosulfate,a
bisulfite or ferrous salt solution.The bisulfite or ferrous salt may require some dilute sulfuric acid
(10%w/w)to promote reduction. Neutralize with sodium carbonate to neutral pH,if acid was used.
Decant or filter and deposit sludge in approved landfill.Where permitted,the sludge may be
drained into sewer with large quantities of water.
Option#2:Absorb with inert media like diatomaceous earth or inert floor dry,collect into a drum
and dispose of properly. Do not use saw dust or other incompatible media.Disposal of all
materials shall be in full and strict compliance with all federal,state,and local regulations
pertaining to permanganates.
To clean contaminated floors,flush with abundant quantities of water into sewer,if permitted by
federal,state,and local regulations.If not,collect water and treat as described above.Cover with
reducing agent(e.g.sodium bisulphite/thiosulphate or a ferrous salt plus 2M H2SO4).Transfer to
container with water and neutralize with soda ash.Otherwise,absorb spill with vermiculite or other
inert material,then place in a container for chemical waste.Do not use sawdust or other
combustible material.Following product recovery,flush area with water. Prevent product from
entering drains.
Small Spills:Cover with reducing agent(e.g.sodium bisulphite/thiosulphate or a ferrous salt plus
2M H2SO4).Transfer to container with water and neutralize with soda ash.Clean surface
thoroughly to remove residual contamination.
Never return spills in original containers for re-use.Never return spills in original containers for
re-use.
Environmental precautions Do not allow to enter drains,sewers or watercourses.Contact local authorities in case of spillage
to drain/aquatic environment.
7. Handling and storage
Precautions for safe handling Take any precaution to avoid mixing with combustibles.Keep away from clothing and other
combustible materials.Do not get this material in your eyes,on your skin,or on your clothing.Do
not breathe mist or vapor.If clothing becomes contaminated,remove and wash off immediately.
Spontaneous ignition may occur in contact with cloth or paper. When using,do not eat,drink or
smoke.Good personal hygiene is necessary.Wash hands and contaminated areas with water and
soap before leaving the work site.Avoid release to the environment.
Conditions for safe storage, Store locked up.Keep container tightly closed and in a well-ventilated place.Store in a cool,dry
including any incompatibilities place.Store away from incompatible materials(See Section 10).Follow applicable
local/national/international recommendations on storage of oxidizers.Store in accordance with
NFPA 430 requirements for Class II oxidizers.
8. Exposure controls/personal protection
Occupational exposure limits No exposure limits noted for ingredient(s).
US.OSHA Table Z-1 Limits for Air Contaminants(29 CFR 1910.1000)
Components Type - Value
Sodium permanganate Ceiling 5 mg/m3
(CAS 10101-50-5)
US.ACGIH Threshold Limit Values
Components Type Value Form
Sodium permanganate TWA 0.1 mg/m3 Inhalable fraction.
(CAS 10101-50-5)
0.02 mg/m3 Respirable fraction.
RemOx0 L ISCO Reagent SDS US
909145 Version#:01 Revision date:- Issue date:27-November-2013 3/9

US NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards: Recommended exposure limit(REL)
Components Type Value Form
Sodium permanganate TWA 1 mg/m3 Fume.
(CAS 10101-50-5)
US NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards:Short Term Exposure Limit(STEL)
Components Type Value Form
Sodium permanganate STEL 3 mg/m3 Fume.
(CAS 10101-50-5)
Biological limit values No biological exposure limits noted for the ingredient(s).
Exposure guidelines Follow standard monitoring procedures.
Appropriate engineering Provide adequate general and local exhaust ventilation.An eye wash and safety shower must be
controls available in the immediate work area.
Individual-protection measures,such as personal protective equipment
Eye/face protection Wear safety glasses with side shields(or goggles).Wear face shield if there is risk of splashes.
Skin protection
Hand protection Wear chemical-resistant,impervious gloves. Use protective gloves made of:Rubber or plastic.
Suitable gloves can be recommended by the glove supplier.
Other Wear-appropriate chemical resistant clothing.Rubber or plastic apron.
Respiratory protection In case of inadequate ventilation or risk of inhalation of vapors,use suitable respiratory equipment.
In the United States of America,if respirators are used,a program should be instituted to assure
compliance with OSHA 29 CFR 1910.134.
Thermal hazards Wear appropriate thermal protective clothing,when necessary.
General hygiene When using,do not eat,drink or smoke.Keep from contact with clothing and other combustible
considerations materials. Remove and wash contaminated clothing promptly.Wash hands before breaks and
immediately after handling the product. Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and
safety practice.
9. Physical and chemical properties
Appearance Dark purple liquid.
Physical state Liquid.
Form Aqueous solution.
Color Dark purple.
Odor Odorless.
Odor threshold Not available.
pH 5-8
Melting point/freezing point <24.8°F(<-4°C)
Initial boiling point and boiling >213.8°F(>101 °C)
range
Flash point Does not flash.
Evaporation rate As water.
Flammability(solid,gas) Not applicable.
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits
Flammability limit-lower Not applicable.
(%)
Flammability limit-upper Not applicable.
(%)
Vapor pressure 760 mm Hg(105°C)
Vapor density Not available.
Relative density 1.37-1.4(20°C)(Water= 1)
Solubility(ies) Miscible with water.
Partition coefficient Not available.
(n-octanol/water)
Auto-ignition temperature Not available.
Decomposition temperature Not available.
Viscosity Not available.
RemOx®L ISCO Reagent SDS US
909145 Version#:01 Revision date:- Issue date:27-November-2013 4/9

Other information
Explosive properties Not explosive.Can explode in contact with sulfuric acid,peroxides and metal powders.
Oxidizing properties Strong oxidizing agent.
10. Stability and reactivity
Reactivity The product is non-reactive under normal conditions of use,storage and transport.
Chemical stability Stable at normal conditions.
Possibility of hazardous Contact with combustible material may cause fire.Can explode in contact with sulfuric acid,
reactions peroxides and metal powders.
Conditions to avoid Contact with incompatible materials or heat(135°C/275°F)could result in violent exothermic
chemical reaction.
Incompatible materials Acids.Peroxides. Reducing agents.Combustible material. Metal powders.
Hazardous decomposition By heating and fire,corrosive vapors/gases may be formed.Contact with hydrochloric acid
products liberates chlorine gas.
11.Toxicological information
Information on likely routes of exposure
Ingestion Causes digestive tract bums. Harmful if swallowed. Ingestion causes burns of the upper digestive
and respiratory tracts.
Inhalation May cause irritation to the respiratory system.
Skin contact Causes severe skin burns.
Eye contact Causes serious eye damage.
Symptoms related to the Contact with this material will cause burns to the skin,eyes and mucous membranes.Permanent
physical,chemical and eye damage including blindness could result.
toxicological characteristics
Information on toxicological effects
Acute toxicity Causes severe skin burns and eye damage.Causes burns.Harmful if swallowed.Health injuries
are not known or expected under normal use. Harmful if swallowed.
Components Species Test Results
Potassium permanganate(CAS 7722-64-7)
Acute
Dermal
LD50 Rat 2000 mg/kg
Oral
LD50 Rat 2000 mg/kg
Toxicity data are not available for sodium permanganate.Toxicity is expected to be similar to that of potassium permanganate.
Skin corrosion/irritation Causes severe skin burns.
Serious eye damage/eye Causes serious eye damage.
irritation
Respiratory sensitization Not classified.
Skin sensitization Not classified.
Germ cell mutagenicity Not classified.
Carcinogenicity Not classified.
Reproductive toxicity Not classified.
Specific target organ toxicity- May cause irritation of respiratory tract
single exposure
Specific target organ toxicity- Not classified.
repeated exposure
Aspiration hazard Not classified.
Further information Chronic effects are not expected when this product is used as intended.Prolonged exposure,
usually over many years,to manganese oxide fume/dust can lead to chronic manganese
poisoning,chiefly affecting the central nervous system.
12. Ecological information
Ecotoxicity Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects.
RemOx®L ISCO Reagent SDS US
909145 Version#:01 Revision date:- Issue date:27-November-2013 5/9

Components Species Test Results
Potassium permanganate(CAS 7722-64-7)
Aquatic
Fish LC50 Bluegill(Lepomis macrochirus) 2.7 mg/I,96 hours,static
• 2.3 mg/I,96 hours,flow through
2.3 mg/I,96 hours
1.8-5.6 mg/I
Carp(Cyprinus carpio) 3.16-3.77 mg/I,96 hours
2.97-3.11 mg/I,96 hours
Goldfish(Carassius auratus) 3.3-3.93 mg/I,96 hours,static
Milkfish,salmon-herring(Chanos >1.4 mg/I,96 hours
chanos)
Rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss) 1.8 mg/I,96 hours
1.08-1.38 mg/I,96 hours
0.77-1.27 mg/I,96 hours
Rainbow trout,donaldson trout 0.275-0.339 mg/I,96 hours
(Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Toxicity data are not available for sodium permanganate.Toxicity is expected to be similar to that of potassium permanganate.
Persistence and degradability Expected to be readily converted by oxidizable materials to insoluble manganese oxide.
Bioaccumulative potential Potential to bioaccumulate is low.
Mobility in soil The product is miscible with water.May spread in water systems.
Mobility in general The product is miscible with water.May spread in water systems.
Other adverse effects None known.
13. Disposal considerations
Disposal instructions Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local/regional/national/international regulations.
Local disposal regulations Rinse container at least three times to an absence of pink color before disposing.
Hazardous waste code D001:Ignitable waste
The Waste code should be assigned in discussion between the user,the producer and the waste
disposal company.
Waste from residues/unused Do not allow this material to drain into sewers/water supplies.Dispose of in accordance with local
products regulations.
Contaminated packaging Since emptied containers may retain product residue,follow label warnings even after container is
emptied. Rinse container at least three times to an absence of pink color before disposing. Empty
containers should be taken to an approved waste handling site for recycling or disposal_
14.Transport information
DOT
UN number UN3214
UN proper shipping name • Permanganates,inorganic,aqueous solution,n.o.s.(Sodium permanganate)
Transport hazard class(es) 5.1
Subsidiary class(es) -
Packing group II
Environmental hazards
Marine pollutant Yes
Special precautions for user Read safety instructions,SDS and emergency procedures before handling.
Special provisions 26,353;IB2,T4,TP1 '
Packaging exceptions 152
Packaging non bulk 202
Packaging bulk 242
IATA
UN number UN3214
UN proper shipping name Permanganates,inorganic,aqueous solution,n.o.s.(Sodium permanganate)
Transport hazard class(es) 5.1
Subsidiary class(es) -
Packaging group II
Environmental hazards Yes
Labels required 5.1
ERG Code 5L
RemOx®L ISCO Reagent SDS US
909145 Version#:01 Revision date:- Issue date:27-November-2013 6/9

Special precautions for user Read safety instructions,SDS and emergency procedures before handling.
IMDG
UN number UN3214
UN proper shipping name PERMANGANATES,INORGANIC,AQUEOUS SOLUTION, N.O.S.(Sodium permanganate)
Transport hazard class(es) 5.1
Subsidiary class(es) -
Packaging group II
Environmental hazards
Marine pollutant Yes
Labels required 5.1
EmS F-H,S-Q
Special precautions for user Read safety instructions,SDS and emergency procedures before handling.
Transport in bulk according to This substance/mixture is not intended to be transported in bulk.
Annex II of MARPOL 73/78 and
the IBC Code
15. Regulatory information
US federal regulations This product is a"Hazardous Chemical"as defined by the OSHA Hazard Communication
Standard,29 CFR 1910.1200.
All components are on the U.S.EPA TSCA Inventory List.
CERCLA/SARA Hazardous Substances-Not applicable.
Drug Enforcement Administration(DEA)(21 CFR 1310.02(b)8: List II chemical.
TSCA Section 12(b)Export Notification(40 CFR 707,Subpt.D)
Not regulated.
US.OSHA Specifically Regulated Substances(29 CFR 1910.1001-1050)
Not listed.
CERCLA Hazardous Substance List(40 CFR 302.4)
Sodium permanganate(CAS 10101-50-5) LISTED
Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986(SARA)
Hazard categories Immediate Hazard-Yes
Delayed Hazard-No
Fire Hazard-Yes
Pressure Hazard-No
Reactivity Hazard-No
SARA 302 Extremely No
hazardous substance
SARA 311/312 Hazardous Yes
chemical
SARA 313(TRI reporting)
Chemical name CAS number %by wt.
Sodium permanganate 10101-50-5 36-40
Potassium permanganate 7722-64-7 2
Other federal regulations
Clean Air Act(CAA)Section 112 Hazardous Air Pollutants(HAPs)List
Sodium permanganate(CAS 10101-50-5)
Clean Air Act(CAA)Section 112(r)Accidental Release Prevention(40 CFR 68.130)
Not regulated.
Safe Drinking Water Act Not regulated.
(SDWA)
Drug Enforcement Administration(DEA).List 2,Essential Chemicals(21 CFR 1310.02(b)and 1310.04(f)(2)and
Chemical Code Number
Sodium permanganate(CAS 10101-50-5) 6588
Drug Enforcement Administration(DEA).List 1 &2 Exempt Chemical Mixtures(21 CFR 1310.12(c))
Sodium permanganate(CAS 10101-50-5) 15%wt
DEA Exempt Chemical Mixtures Code Number
Sodium permanganate(CAS 10101-50-5) 6588
Food and Drug Not regulated.
Administration(FDA)
RemOx®L ISCO Reagent SDS US
909145 Version#:01 Revision date:- Issue date:27-November-2013 7/9

US state regulations This product does not contain a chemical known to the State of California to cause cancer, birth
defects or other reproductive harm.
US. Massachusetts RTK-Substance List
Not regulated.
US. New Jersey Worker and Community Right-to-Know Act
Sodium permanganate(CAS 10101-50-5) 500 lbs
US. Pennsylvania RTK-Hazardous Substances
Not regulated.
US. Rhode Island RTK
Sodium permanganate(CAS 10101-50-5)
US.California Proposition 65
US-California Proposition 65-Carcinogens&Reproductive Toxicity(CRT): Listed substance
Not listed. •
International Inventories
Country(s)or region Inventory name On inventory(yes/no)*
Australia Australian Inventory of Chemical Substances(AICS) Yes
Canada Domestic Substances List(DSL) No
Canada Non-Domestic Substances List(NDSL) Yes
China Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances in China (IECSC) Yes
Europe European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Yes
Substances(EINECS)
Europe European List of Notified Chemical Substances(ELINCS) No
Japan Inventory of Existing and New Chemical Substances(ENCS) Yes
Korea Existing Chemicals List(ECL) Yes
New Zealand New Zealand Inventory Yes
Philippines Philippine Inventory of Chemicals and Chemical Substances Yes
(PICCS)
United States&Puerto Rico Toxic Substances Control Act(TSCA)Inventory Yes
*A"Yes"indicates this product complies with the inventory requirements administered by the governing country(s).
A"No"indicates that one or more components of the product are not listed or exempt from listing on the inventory administered by the governing
country(s).
16. Other information, including date of preparation or last revision
Issue date 27-November-2013
Revision date -
Version# 01
NFPA Ratings
0
O
References HSDB®- Hazardous Substances Data Bank
Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances(RTECS)
EPA:AQUIRE database
NLM: Hazardous Substances Data Base
US. IARC Monographs on Occupational Exposures to Chemical Agents
IARC Monographs.Overall Evaluation of Carcinogenicity
National Toxicology Program(NTP)Report on Carcinogens
ACGIH Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values and Biological Exposure Indices
RemOx®L ISCO Reagent SDS US
909145 Version#:01 Revision date:- Issue date:27-November-2013 8/9

Disclaimer This safety data sheet was prepared in accordance with the Safety Data Sheet for Chemical
Products(JIS Z 7250:2005).The information contained herein is accurate to the best of our
knowledge.However,data,safety standards and government regulations are subject to change
and,therefore,holders and users should satisfy themselves that they are aware of all current data
and regulations relevant to their particular use of product.CARUS CORPORATION DISCLAIMS
ALL LIABILITY FOR RELIANCE ON THE COMPLETENESS OR ACCURACY OR THE
INFORMATION INCLUDED HEREIN.CARUS CORPORATION MAKES NO WARRANTY,EITHER
EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,ANY WARRANTIES OF
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DESCRIBED HEREIN.All conditions relating to storage,handling,and use of the product are
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of the product.
(Carus and design)is a registered service mark of Carus Corporation.RemOx®is a registered
trademark of Carus Corporation.Copyright 1998.
RemOx®L ISCO Reagent SOS US
909145 Version#:01 Revision date:- Issue date:27-November-2013 9/9

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Protection
Material Safety Data Sheet
Sodium chloride MSDS
Section 1: Chemical Product and Company Identification
Product Name: Sodium chloride Contact Information:
Catalog Codes: SLS3262, SLS1045, SLS3889, SLS1669, Sciencelab.com, Inc.
SLS3091 14025 Smith Rd.
Houston, Texas 77396
CAS#: 7647-14-5
US Sales: 1-800-901-7247
RTECS: VZ4725000 International Sales: 1-281-441-4400
TSCA: TSCA 8(b) inventory: Sodium chloride Order Online: ScienceLab.com
Cl#: Not applicable. CHEMTREC (24HR Emergency Telephone), call:
1-800-424-9300
Synonym: Salt; Sea Salt
International CHEMTREC, call: 1-703-527-3887
Chemical Name: Sodium chloride
For non-emergency assistance, call: 1-281-441-4400
,hemical Formula: NaCI
Section 2: Composition and Information on Ingredients
Composition:
Name CAS# % by Weight
Sodium chloride 7647-14-5 100
Toxicological Data on Ingredients: Sodium chloride: ORAL (LD50): Acute: 3000 mg/kg [Rat.]. 4000 mg/kg [Mouse].
DERMAL (LD50): Acute: &gt;10000 mg/kg [Rabbit]. DUST (LC50): Acute: &gt;42000 mg/m 1 hours [Rat].
Section 3: Hazards Identification
Potential Acute Health Effects: Slightly hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), of eye contact (irritant), of ingestion, of
inhalation.
Potential Chronic Health Effects:
CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS: Not available. MUTAGENIC EFFECTS: Mutagenic for mammalian somatic cells. Mutagenic for
bacteria and/or yeast. TERATOGENIC EFFECTS: Not available. DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY: Not available. Repeated or
prolonged exposure is not known to aggravate medical condition.
Section 4: First Aid Measures
Eye Contact:
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Check for and remove any contact lenses. In case of contact, immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15
minutes. Cold water may be used. Get medical attention.
Skin Contact:
Wash with soap and water. Cover the irritated skin with an emollient. Get medical attention if irritation develops. Cold water .
may be used.
Serious Skin Contact: Not available.
Inhalation:
If inhaled, remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical
attention if symptoms appear.
Serious Inhalation: Not available.
Ingestion:
Do NOT induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious
person. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband. Get medical attention if symptoms appear.
Serious Ingestion: Not available.
Section 5: Fire and Explosion.Data.
Flammability of the Product: Non-flammable.
Auto-Ignition Temperature: Not applicable.
Flash Points: Not applicable.
Flammable Limits: Not applicable.
Products of Combustion: Not available.
Fire Hazards in Presence of Various Substances: Not applicable.
Explosion Hazards in Presence of Various Substances:
Risks of explosion of the product in presence of mechanical impact: Not available. Risks of explosion of the product in
presence of static discharge: Not available.
Fire Fighting Media and Instructions: Not applicable.
Special Remarks on Fire Hazards:When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes.
Special Remarks on Explosion Hazards:
Electrolysis of sodium chloride in presence of nitrogenous compounds to produce chlorine may lead to formation of explosive
nitrogen trichloride. Potentially explosive reaction with dichloromaleic anhydride+ urea.
Section 6: Accidental Release Measures
Small Spill:
Use appropriate tools to put the spilled solid in a convenient waste disposal container. Finish cleaning by spreading water on
the contaminated surface and dispose of according to local and regional authority requirements.
Large Spill:
Use a shovel to put the material into a convenient waste disposal container. Finish cleaning by spreading water on the
contaminated surface and allow to evacuate through the sanitary system.
Section.7: Handling and:Storage
Precautions:
Keep locked up.. Do not ingest. Do not breathe dust.Avoid contact with eyes. Wear suitable protective clothing. If ingested,
seek medical advice immediately and show the container or the label. Keep away from incompatibles such as oxidizing
agents, acids.
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IStorage: Keep container tightly closed. Keep container in a cool,well-ventilated area. Hygroscopic I
`- Section 8:.Exposure Controls/Personal Protection
Engineering Controls:
Use process enclosures, local exhaust ventilation, or other engineering controls to keep airborne levels below recommended
exposure limits. If user operations generate dust,fume or mist, use ventilation to keep exposure to airborne contaminants
below the exposure limit.
Personal Protection:
Splash goggles. Lab coat. Dust respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent. Gloves.
Personal Protection in Case of a Large Spill:
Splash goggles. Full suit. Dust respirator. Boots. Gloves.A self contained breathing apparatus should be used to avoid
inhalation of the product. Suggested protective clothing might not be sufficient; consult a specialist BEFORE handling this
product.
Exposure Limits: Not available.
Section.9: Physical and Chemical Properties
Physical state and appearance: Solid. (Solid crystalline powder.)
Odor: Slight.
Taste: Saline.
Molecular Weight: 58.44 g/mole
lor: White.
pri (1%soln/water): 7[Neutral.]
Boiling Point: 1413°C (2575.4°F)
Melting Point: 801°C(1473.8°F)
Critical Temperature: Not available.
Specific Gravity: 2.165 (Water= 1)
Vapor Pressure: Not applicable.
Vapor Density: Not available.
Volatility: Not available.
Odor Threshold: Not available.
Water/Oil Dist.Coeff.: Not available.
lonicity(in Water): Not available.
Dispersion Properties: See solubility in water.
Solubility:
Easily soluble in cold water, hot water. Soluble in glycerol, and ammonia.Very slightly soluble in alcohol. Insoluble in
Hydrochloric Acid.
Section 10 Stability and Reactivity Data.;.,
IStability: The product is stable.
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Instability Temperature: Not available.
Conditions of Instability: Incompatible materials, high temperatures.
Incompatibility with various substances: Reactive with oxidizing agents, metals, acids.
Corrosivity: Not considered to be corrosive for metals and glass.
Special Remarks on Reactivity:
Hygroscopic. Reacts with most nonnoble metals such as iron or steel, building materials (such as cement) Sodium chloride is
rapidly attacked by bromine trifluoride.Violent reaction with lithium.
Special Remarks on Corrosivity: Not available.
Polymerization:Will not occur.
Section 11: Toxicological Information
Routes of Entry: Inhalation. Ingestion.
Toxicity to Animals:
WARNING:THE LC50 VALUES HEREUNDER ARE ESTIMATED ON THE BASIS OF A 4-HOUR EXPOSURE.Acute oral
toxicity(LD50): 3000 mg/kg [Rat.].Acute dermal toxicity(LD50): >10000 mg/kg [Rabbit].Acute toxicity of the dust(LC50):
>42000 mg/m3 1 hours [Rat].
Chronic Effects on Humans: MUTAGENIC EFFECTS: Mutagenic for mammalian somatic cells.Mutagenic for bacteria and/
or yeast.
Other Toxic Effects on Humans: Slightly hazardous in case of skin contact(irritant), of ingestion, of inhalation.
' Special Remarks on Toxicity to Animals: Lowest Published Lethal Dose(LDL) [Man]-Route: Oral; Dose: 1000 mg/kg
Special Remarks on Chronic Effects on Humans:
Causes adverse reproductive effects in humans (fetotoxicity, abortion, )by intraplacental route. High intake of sodium chlorii
whether from occupational exposure or in the diet, may increase risk of TOXEMIA OF PREGNANCY in susceptible women
(Bishop, 1978). Hypertonic sodium chloride solutions have been used to induce abortion in late pregnancy by direct infusion
into the uterus(Brown et al, 1972), but this route of administration is not relevant to occupational exposures. May cause
adverse reproductive effects and birth defects in animals, particularly rats and mice(fetotoxicity,abortion, musculoskeletal
abnormalities, and maternal effects (effects on ovaries,fallopian tubes)by oral, intraperitoneal, intraplacental, intrauterine,
parenteral, and subcutaneous routes.While sodium chloride has been used as a negative control n some reproductive
studies, it has also been used as an example that almost any chemical can cause birth defects in experimental animals
if studied under the right conditions (Nishimura &Miyamoto, 1969). In experimental animals, sodium chloride has caused
delayed effects on newborns, has been fetotoxic, and has caused birth defects and abortions in rats and mice (RTECS, 1997).
May affect genetic material (mutagenic)
Special Remarks on other Toxic Effects on Humans:
Acute Potential Health Effects: Skin: May cause skin irritation. Eyes: Causes eye irritation. Ingestion: Ingestion of large
quantities can irritate the stomach (as in overuse of salt tablets)with nausea and vomiting. May affect behavior(muscle
spasicity/contraction, somnolence), sense organs, metabolism, and cardiovascular system. Continued exposure may
produce dehydration, internal organ congestion, and coma. Inhalation: Material is irritating to mucous membranes and upper
respiratory tract.
Section 12: Ecological Information:;
Ecotoxicity: Not available.
BOD5 and COD: Not available.
Products of Biodegradation:
Possibly hazardous short term degradation products are not likely. However, long term degradation products may arise.
Toxicity of the Products of Biodegradation: The product itself and its products of degradation are not toxic.
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ISpecial Remarks on the Products of Biodegradation: Not available.
I _
Section 13: Disposal Considerations
-;
Waste Disposal:
Waste must be disposed of in accordance with federal, state and local environmental control regulations.
Section:14: Transport;Information
DOT Classification: Not a DOT controlled material (United States).
Identification: Not applicable.
Special Provisions for Transport: Not applicable.
Section 15: Other.Regulatory Information
Federal and State Regulations:TSCA 8(b) inventory: Sodium chloride
Other Regulations: EINECS: This product is on the European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances.
Other Classifications:
WHMIS(Canada): Not controlled under WHMIS(Canada).
DSCL(EEC):
R40-Possible risks of irreversible effects. S24/25-Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
r "IIS(U.S.A.):
Health Hazard: 1
Fire Hazard: 0
Reactivity: 0
Personal Protection: E
National Fire Protection Association (U.S.A.):
Health: 1
Flammability: 0
Reactivity: 0
Specific hazard:
Protective Equipment:
Gloves. Lab coat. Dust respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent. Splash goggles.
Section 16: Other Information ..
References:
-Hawley, G.G..The Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 11 a ed., New York N.Y., Van Nostrand Reinold, 1987. -SAX, N.I.
Dangerous Properties of Indutrial Materials.Toronto, Van Nostrand Reinold, 6e ed. 1984. -The Sigma-Aldrich Library of
—'i emical Safety Data, Edition II.
aier Special Considerations: Not available.
ICreated: 10/11/2005 12:33 PM
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Last Updated: 05/21/2013 12:00 PM •
The information above is believed to be accurate and represents the best information currently available to us. However, we
make no warranty of merchantability or any other warranty, express or implied, with respect to such information, and we assume
no liability resulting from its use. Users should make their own investigations to determine the suitability of the information
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lost profits or any special, indirect, incidental, consequential or exemplary damages,howsoever arising, even if ScienceLab.corn
has been advised of the possibility of such damages.
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SECTION 5
Reporting
Following completion of the permanganate tracer study,the results will be compiled and reported in a technical
memorandum which will be included as an appendix to the Draft Final FS.The technical memorandum will
summarize the field activities, present the analytical and geophysical mapping results, provide boring logs and
well construction details, and evaluate the overall effectiveness of the tracer study for assessing the feasibility of
this technology in the Draft Final FS.
EN0521151022CLT 5-1

SECTION 6
References
CH2M HILL. 2008. Remedial Investigation,Site 88, Operable Unit 15, Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune, North
Carolina. March.
CH2M HILL.2010a. Bench-Scale Study Summary Report,Site 88, Operable Unit No. 15, Marine Corps Base Camp
Lejeune Jacksonville, North Carolina.June.
CH2M HILL, 2010b. Groundwater Sampling and Analysis Plan, Pilot Studies Site 88—Operable Unit No. 15, Marine
Corps Base Camp Lejeune,Jacksonville, North Carolina. October.
CH2M HILL. 2011.Summary of ISCO, ERD,and Biobarrier Pilot Studies, OU 15,Site 88 Technical Memorandum,
Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune, North Carolina.January.
CH2M HILL. 2012.Draft Feasibility Study,Site 88, Operable Unit No. 15, Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune, North
Carolina. March.
CH2M HILL, 2013a. Investigation and Remediation Waste Management Plan, Marine Corps Installations East-
Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune, North Carolina.September.
Duke Engineering and Services. 1999. DNAPL Site Characterization using a Partitioning lnterwell Tracer Test at Site
88, Marine Corps Base, Camp Lejeune, North Carolina.
Marley Pipe Systems. 2010. HDPE Design Considerations-v002.
Smolen, M. D. ed. 1988. North Carolina Erosion and Sediment Control Planning and Design Manual. Raleigh, NC:
North Carolina Sedimentation Control Commission, North Carolina DEHNR, and the North Carolina Cooperative
Extension Service.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency(USEPA).2008.A Systematic Approach for Evaluation of Capture Zones at
Pump and Treat Systems, EPA 600/R-08/003.January.
Welty et al.1984.Fundamentals of Momentum, Heat, and Mass Transfer, Third Edition.
•
EN0521151022CLT 6-1

Appendix A
Analytical Data Tables