HomeMy WebLinkAboutWSMU_NORT_WSWP Ordinance_20200925(B) Watershed Overlay District (WSO).
(1) Intent. It is the purpose of this section to protect the quality of drinking water for
the Town of North Wilkesboro by setting standards for the development that occurs within
designated public water supply watershed areas. It is further intended that the establishment of
watershed regulations reflect the protection of critical environmental areas in accordance with
the State of North Carolina's Water Supply Watershed Protection Rules.
(2) Permitted uses. Uses permitted by right, uses with conditions, and uses permitted
upon the issuance of a "conditional use" permit are listed in the table of uses in Section 6.7
(3) Dimensional requirements and supplemental standards.
(A) Adoption date and effective date. The provisions of this article were adopted
on September 9th, 1993 and shall become effective on September 30, 1993.
(B) Authority and enactment. The Legislature of the State of North Carolina has,
in Chapter 160A, Article 8, Section 174, General Ordinance Authority; and in Chapter
143. Article 21, Watershed Protection Rules, delegated the responsibility or directed
local governmental units to adopt regulations designed to promote the public health,
safety, and general welfare of its citizenry. The Governing Board of North Wilkesboro
does hereby ordain and enact into law the following articles as the Watershed Protection
Ordinance of North Wilkesboro.
(C) Jurisdiction. The provisions of this article shall apply within the areas
designated as a public water supply watershed by the N.C. Environmental Management
Commission and shall be defined and established on the map entitled, "Watershed
Protection Map of North Wilkesboro, North Carolina" ("the Watershed Map"), which is
adopted simultaneously herewith. The watershed map and all explanatory matter
contained thereon accompanies and is hereby made a part of this article.
(D) Exceptions to applicability.
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1. Nothing contained herein shall repeal, modify, or amend any federal or
state law or regulation, or any ordinance or regulation pertaining thereto except
any ordinance which these regulations specifically replace; nor shall any
provision of this article amend, modify, or restrict any provisions of the Code of
Ordinances of the town of North Wilkesboro; however, the adoption of this article
shall and does amend any and all ordinances, resolutions, and regulations in
effect in the town of North Wilkesboro at the time of the adoption of this article
that may be construed to impair or reduce the effectiveness of this article or to
conflict with any of its provisions.
2. It is not intended that these regulations interfere with any easement,
covenants or other agreements between parties. However, if the provisions of
these regulations impose greater restrictions or higher standards for the use of a
building or land, then the provisions of these regulations shall control.
3. Existing development, as defined in this article, is not subject to the
requirements of this article. Expansions to structures classified as existing
development must meet the requirements of this article, however, the built -upon
area of the existing development is not required to be included in the density
calculations.
4. A pre-existing lot owned by an individual prior to the effective date of
the ordinance codified in this article, regardless of whether or not a vested right has
been established, may be developed for single-family residential purposes without
being subject to the restrictions of this article.
(E) Establishment of watershed review board. The North Wilkesboro Planning
Board shall act as the watershed review board on all subdivision regulation and
zoning ordinance matters.
(F) Establishment of watershed areas. The purpose of this section is to list and
describe the watershed areas herein adopted. For the purposes of this article the
Town of North Wilkesboro and its extraterritorial jurisdiction are hereby divided
into the following areas, as appropriate:
WS-II-CA (Critical Area):
WS-II-BW (Balance of Watershed);
WS-IH-CA (Critical Area);
WS-IH-BW (Balance of Watershed).
(G) Watershed area uses permitted.
1. WS-II Watershed Areas —Critical Area (WS-II-CA). In order to maintain a
predominately undeveloped land use intensity pattern, single-family dwellings
shall be allowed at a maximum of one dwelling unit per two acres. All other
residential and nonresidential development shall be
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allowed at a maximum six percent built -upon area. New sludge
application sites and landfills are specifically prohibited.
i. Allowed Uses.
(a) Agriculture subject to the provisions of the Food Security Act
of 1985 and the Food, Agriculture, Conservation and Trade Act of 1990.
Agricultural activities conducted after January 1, 1993 shall maintain a
minimum ten foot vegetative buffer, or equivalent control as determined
by the Soil and Water Conservation Commission, along all perennial
waters indicated on the most recent versions of U.S.G.S. 1:24,000 (7.5
minute) scale topographic maps or as determined by local government
studies. Animal operations greater than one hundred animal units shall
employ Best Management Practices by July 1, 1994 recommended by
the Soil and Water Conservation Commission;
(b) Silviculture, subject to the provisions of Forest Practices
Guidelines Related to Water Quality (15 NCAC 11.6101-.0209);
(c) Residential development, including both single-family and
all other residential;
(d) Nonresidential development, excluding: (i) the storage of toxic
and hazardous materials unless a spill containment plan is implemented;
(ii) landfills; and (iii) sites for land application of sludge I residuals or
petroleum contaminated soils. New industrial development is required to
incorporate adequately designed, constructed and maintained spill
containment structures if hazardous materials are either used, stored or
manufactured on the premises.
ii. Density and Built -upon Limits.
(a) Single -Family Residential. Development shall not exceed
one dwelling unit per two acres on a project by project basis. No
residential lot shall be less than two acres, except within an approved
cluster development.
(b) All Other Residential and Nonresidential. Development shall
not exceed six percent built -upon area on a project by project basis. For
the purpose of calculating built -upon area, total project area shall include
total acreage in the tract on which the project is to be developed.
2. WS-II Watershed Areas, Balance of Watershed (WS-II-BW). In order
to maintain a predominately undeveloped land use intensity pattern,
single-family residential uses shall be allowed at a maximum of one
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dwelling unit per acre. All other residential and nonresidential develop-
ment shall be allowed at a maximum twelve percent built -upon area. New
discharging landfills are specifically prohibited.
i. Allowed Uses.
(a) Agriculture subject to the provisions of the Food Security Act
of 1985 and the Food, Agriculture, Conservation and Trade Act of 1990;
(b) Silviculture, subject to the provisions of the Forest Practices
Guidelines Related to Water Quality (15 NCAC 11.6101-.0209);
(c) Residential development, including both single-family and all
other residential;
(d) Nonresidential development, excluding: (i) the storage of
toxic and hazardous materials unless a spill containment plan is
implemented, and (ii) no new discharging landfills. New industrial
development is required to incorporate adequately designed, constructed
and maintained spill containment structures if hazardous materials are
either used, stored or manufactured on the premises.
ii. Density and Built -Upon Limits.
(a) Single -Family Residential. Development shall not exceed one
dwelling unit per acre on a project by project basis. No residential lot
shall be less than one acre, except with an approved cluster development.
(b) All Other Residential and Nonresidential. Development shall
not exceed twelve percent built -upon area on a project by project basis.
For the purpose of calculating built -upon area, total project area shall
include total acreage in the tract on which the project is to be developed.
(c) In addition to the development allowed under subsections (a)
and (b) of this section, new development and expansions to existing
development may occupy up to ten percent of the protected area with up
to seventy percent built -upon area on a project -by -project basis, when
approved as a special density allocation (SDA). The watershed review
board is authorized to approve SDA's consistent with the provisions of
this article. Projects must, to the maximum extent practical, incorporate
best management practices to minimize water quality impacts. For the
purpose of calculating built -upon area, total project area shall
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include total acreage in the tract(s) on which the project is to be
developed.
3. WS-W Watershed Areas —Critical Area (WS-W-CA). Only new
development activities that require an erosion I sedimentation control plan
under state law or approved local programs are required to meet the
provisions of this article when located in the WS-W watershed. In order to
address a moderate to high land use intensity pattern, single-family
residential uses are allowed at a maximum of two dwelling units per acre.
All other residential and nonresidential development shall be allowed
twenty-four percent built -upon area. New sludge application sites and
landfills are specifically prohibited.
i. Allowed Uses.
(a) Agriculture subject to the provisions of the Food Security Act
of 1985 and the Food. Agricultural. Conservation and Trade Act of 1990.
Agricultural activities conducted after January 1, 1993 shall maintain a
minimum ten foot vegetative buffer, or equivalent control as determined
by the Soil and Water Conservation Commission, along all perennial
waters indicated on the most recent versions of U.S.G.S. 1:24,000 (7.5
minute) scale topographic maps or as determined by local government
studies. Animal operations greater than one hundred animal units shall
employ Best Management Practices July 1, 1994 recommended by the
Soil and Water Conservation Commission.
(b) Silviculture, subject to the provisions of the Forest Practices
Guidelines Related to Water Quality (15 NCAC 11.6101-.0209).
(c) Residential, including both single-family and all
other residential.
(d) Nonresidential development, except, the storage of toxic and
hazardous materials unless a spill containment plan is implemented;
landfills; and sites for land application of sludge I residuals or
petroleum contaminated soils.
ii. Density and Built -Upon Limits:
(a) Single-family residential development shall not exceed two
dwelling units per acre on a project -by -project basis. No residential lot
shall be less than one-half acre, except within an approved cluster
development.
(b) All other residential and nonresidential development shall not
exceed twenty-four percent built -upon area on a project -by -project basis.
For the purpose of calculating the built -upon area, total
project area shall include total acreage in the tract(s) on which the
project is to be developed. 6-19
(c) In addition to the development allowed under subsections (a) and (b)
of this section, new development and expansions to existing
development may occupy up to ten percent of the protected area with up
to seventy percent built -upon area on a project -by -project basis, when
approved as a special density allocation (SDA). The watershed review
board is authorized to approve SDA's consistent with the provisions of
this article. Projects must, to the maximum extent practical, incorporate
best management practices to minimize water quality impacts. For the
purpose of calculating built -upon area, total project area shall include
total acreage in the tract(s) on which the project is to be developed.
4. WS-IV Watershed Areas —Balance of Watershed (WS-IV-BW). Only
new development activities that require an erosion I sedimentation control
plan under state law or approved local government program are required
to meet the provisions of this article when located in a WS-IV watershed.
In order to address or accommodate a moderate to high land use intensity
pattern, single-family residential uses shall develop at a maximum of two
dwelling units per acre. All other residential and nonresidential de-
velopment shall be allowed at a maximum of twenty-four percent built -
upon area.
i. Allowed Uses.
(a) Agriculture, subject to the provisions of the Food Security Act
of 1985 and the Food, Agricultural, Conservation and Trade Act of 1990.
(b) Silviculture, subject to the provisions of the Forest Practices
Guidelines Related to Water Quality (15 NCAC 11.6101-.0209).
(c) Residential development, including single-family and all
other residential.
(d) Nonresidential development, excluding the storage of toxic
and hazardous materials unless a spill containment plan is implemented.
ii. Density and Built -Upon Limits:
(a) Single-family residential development shall not exceed two dwelling
units per acre on a project -by -project basis. No residential lot shall be less
than one-half acre, except within an approved cluster development.
(b) All other residential and nonresidential development shall not
exceed twenty-four percent built -upon area on a project -by -project basis.
For the purpose of calculating built -upon area, total project area shall
include acreage in the tract(s) on which the project is to be developed.
(c) In addition to the development allowed under subsections (a)
and (b) of this section, new development and expansions to existing
development may occupy up to ten percent of the protected area with
up to seventy percent built -upon area on a project -by -project basis,
when approved as a special density allocation (SDA). The watershed
review board is authorized to approve SDA's consistent with the
provisions of this article. Projects must, to the maximum extent
practical, incorporate best management practices to minimize water
quality impacts. For the purpose of calculating built -upon area, total
project area shall include total acreage in the tract(s) on which the
project is to be developed.
(II) Cluster development. Clustering of development is allowed in all
watershed areas (except WS-I) under the following conditions:
1. Built -upon area or stormwater control requirements of the project shall
not exceed that allowed for the critical area or balance of watershed, whichever
applies;
2. All built -upon area shall be designed and located to minimize
stormwater runoff impact to the receiving waters and minimize concentrated
stormwater flow. Stormwater detention is required and must be designed by an
engineer licensed in the state of North Carolina;
3. The remainder of the tract shall remain in a vegetated or natural state.
Where the development has an incorporated property owners association, the
title of the open space area shall be conveyed to the association for management.
Where a property association is not incorporated, a maintenance agreement shall
be filed with the property deeds.
4. In order to meet the built -upon area requirements, multiple tracts of
land may be included in a cluster development and are not required to be
contiguous, but must be in the same watershed.
5. In the case of subsection D of this section, the balance of the tract(s)
shall be left in its natural state and remain undeveloped by the applicant and
recorded in the register of deeds.
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6. To further satisfy this requirement, the remainder of the property may be
deeded to the town for future green -ways, parks, conservation areas, or other
uses.
(I) Buffer areas required.
1. A minimum thirty-five foot vegetative buffer for the development
activities is required along all perennial waters indicated on the most recent
versions of U.S.G.S. 1:24.000 (7.5 minute) scale topographic maps or as
determined by local government studies. Desirable artificial stream bank or
shoreline stabilization is permitted.
2. No new development is allowed in the buffer except for water
dependent structures and public projects such as road crossings and greenways
where no practical alternative exists. These activities should minimize built -
upon surface area, direct runoff away from the surface waters and maximize
the utilization of stormwater best management practices.
(J) Rules governing the interpretation of watershed area boundaries. Where
uncertainty exists as to the boundaries of the watershed areas, as shown on the
watershed map, the following rules shall apply:
1. Where area boundaries are indicated as approximately following
either street, alley, railroad or highway lines or centerlines thereof, such lines
shall be construed to be said boundaries;
2. Where area boundaries are indicated as approximately following lot
lines, such lot lines shall be construed to be said boundaries. However, a
surveyed plat prepared by a registered land surveyor may be submitted to the
town of North Wilkesboro as evidence that one or more properties along these
boundaries do not lie within the watershed area;
Where the watershed area boundaries lie at a scaled distance more than
twenty-five feet from any parallel lot line, the location of watershed area
boundaries shall be determined by use of the scale appearing on the watershed
map;
4. Where the watershed area boundaries lie at a scaled distance of twenty-
five feet or less from any parallel lot line, the location of watershed area
boundaries shall be construed to be the lot line:
5. Where other uncertainty exists, the Zoning Administrator shall interpret
the watershed map as to location of such boundaries. This decision may be
appealed to the board of adjustment.
(K) Existing development. Any existing development as defined in this article,
may be continued and maintained subject to the provisions provided herein.
Expansions to structures classified as existing development must meet the
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requirements of this article, however, the built -upon area of the existing devel-
opment is not required to be included in the density calculations.
(L) Watershed protection permit.
I . Except where a single-family residence is constructed on a lot deeded
prior to the effective date of the ordinance codified in this article, no building or
built -upon area shall be erected, moved, enlarged or structurally altered, nor shall
any zoning or building permit be issued nor shall any change in the use of any
building or land be made until a watershed protection permit has been issued by
the Zoning Administrator. No watershed protection permit shall be issued except
in conformity with the provisions of this article.
2. Watershed protection permit applications shall be filed with the Zoning
Administrator. The application shall include a completed application form and
supporting documentation deemed necessary by the Zoning Administrator.
3. Prior to issuance of a watershed protection permit, the Zoning
Administrator may consult with qualified personnel for assistance to
determine if the application meets the requirements of this article.
4. A watershed protection permit shall expire if a zoning or building
permit for such use is not obtained by the applicant within twelve months from
the date of issuance.
(M) Watershed occupancy permit.
1. The Zoning Administrator shall issue a watershed protection occupancy
permit certifying that all requirements of this article have been met prior to the
occupancy or use of a building hereafter erected, altered or moved and Ior prior to
the change of use of any building or land.
2. A watershed protection occupancy permit, either for the whole or part
of a building, shall be applied for coincident with the application for a
watershed protection permit and shall be issued or denied within ten days after
the erection or structural alterations of the building.
3. When only a change in use of land or existing building occurs, the
Zoning Administrator shall issue a watershed protection occupancy permit
certifying that all requirements of this article have been met coincident with the
watershed protection permit.
4. If the watershed protection occupancy permit is denied, the Zoning
Administrator shall notify the applicant in writing stating the reasons for
denial.
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5. No building or structure which has been erected, moved, or structurally
altered may be occupied until the Zoning Administrator has approved and issued
a watershed protection occupancy permit.
(N) Public health, in general. No activity, situation, structure or land use shall be
allowed within the watershed which poses a threat to water quality and the public
health, safety and welfare.
(0) Abatement.
1. The Zoning Administrator shall monitor land use activities within
the watershed areas to identify situations that may pose a threat to water
quality.
2. The Zoning Administrator shall report all findings to the
watershed review board. The Zoning Administrator may consult with any
public agency or official and request recommendations.
3. Where the watershed review board finds a threat to water quality and
the public health, safety and welfare, the board shall institute any appropriate
action or proceeding to restrain, correct or abate the condition andlor violation.
(P) Additional requirements for variances within water supply watersheds.
1. The Zoning Administrator shall notify in writing each local government
having jurisdiction in the watershed and any entity using the water supply for
consumption. Such notice shall include a description of the variance being
requested. Local governments receiving notice of the variance request may submit
comments to the watershed administrator prior to a decision by the watershed
review board. Such comments shall become a part of the record of proceedings of
the watershed review board.
2. If the application calls for the granting of a major variance, and if the
watershed review board decides in favor of granting the variance, the board
shall prepare a preliminary record of the hearing with all deliberate speed. The
preliminary record of the hearing shall include:
i. The variance application;
ii. The hearing notices;
iii. The evidence presented;
iv. Motions, offers of proof, objections to evidence, and ruling
on them;
V. Proposed findings and exceptions;
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vi. The proposed decision, including all conditions proposed to be added
to the permit.
The preliminary record shall be sent to the environmental management
commission for its review as follows:
i. If the commission concludes from the preliminary record that
the variance qualifies as a major variance and that (i) the property owner
can secure no reasonable return from, nor make any practical use of the
property unless the proposed variance is granted, and (ii) the variance, if
granted, will not result in a serious threat to the water supply, then the
commission shall approve the variance as proposed or approve the
proposed variance with conditions and stipulations. The commission shall
prepare a commission decision and send it to the watershed review board.
If the commission approves the variance as proposed, the board shall
prepare a final decision granting the proposed variance. If the commission
approves the variance with conditions and stipulations, the board shall
prepare a final decision, including such conditions and stipulations,
granting the proposed variance.
ii. If the commission concludes from the preliminary record that
the variance qualifies as a major variance and that (i) the property owner
can secure a reasonable return from or make a practical use of the
property without the variance or (ii) the variance, if granted, will result in
a serious threat to the water supply, then the commission shall deny
approval of the variance as proposed. The commission shall prepare a
commission decision and send it to the watershed review board. The
board shall prepare a final decision denying the variance as proposed.
(Q) Special density allocations.
1. The watershed review board may grant special density allocations
(SDAs) to project sites in the WS-II-BW and WS-IH-BW watershed areas. The
SDAs may permit up to seventy percent built -upon area on a proj ectby-proj ect
basis without requiring installation of stormwater control devices. No more than
ten percent of the WS-II-BW and WS-IH-BW watershed areas may be
developed under SDAs. At no time may the built -upon area of a SDA project
site exceed seventy percent of the total SDA project site
2. SDA requests must be submitted to the watershed administrator, who
shall preview the request and submit it to the watershed review board. The
watershed review board will review the SDA request, and either approve or deny
the request. If the request is denied, the applicant may redesign the project and
resubmit the request.
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3. If the request is approved by the watershed review board, the
watershed administrator shall issue a SDA permit. The permit shall be null and
void if construction has not begun for one year from date of issuance. A record
of all SDA permits shall be kept on file in the office of the watershed
administrator.
4. The following review criteria will be used by the watershed review
board to evaluate SDA requests. The review criteria will be used to encourage
applicants to maximize development in the SDA project areas, as well as
incorporate measures to improve the water quality and
aesthetics of the project area. Projects must meet five out of the ten criteria in order
to qualify. Review Criteria for Evaluating SDA Requests include:
5 or more full-time employees added;
ii. $200,000 or more tax base added;
iii. <2 acres used for project;
iv. +50 ft. stream buffer,
V. Landscaping plan submitted;
vi. Multiple story building;
vii. Subdividing unneeded acreage;
viii. Use of grass swales.
ix. Use of following water quality devices such as:
Sand filters;
Water quality ponds;
Artificial wetlands;
Pervious pavement;
Level spreader;
X. Reservation of land for public use as approved by
Planning Board.