19950177 Ver 1_Complete File_19960401

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TUCKER FARM MITIGATION SITE
MITIGATION PLAN
NC 168 WIDENING
CURRITUCK COUNTY
STATE PROJECT NO. 6.049001T
TIP PROJECT NO. R-2228
RESOURCE SOUTHEAST, LTD. P.N. 94028.14
April 1, 1996
PREPARED FOR:
NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
DIVISION OF HIGHWAYS
PLANNING AND ENVIRONMENTAL BRANCH
ENVIRONMENTAL UNIT
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PESO MR-C-1.11-7:d
SOUTHEAST, LTD.
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS
4915 WATERS EDGE DRIVE, SUITE 140 ° RALEIGH, NC 27606
[phone] ° FAX [phone]

TABLE OF CONTENTS

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................... i
1.0 INTRODUCTION ..................................................... 1
1.1 Project Description ................................ ............... 1
1.2 Purpose ........................................ ...............1
1.3 Study Area ...................................... ...............1
1.4 General Methodology .............................. ............... 2
2.0 WETLAND DELINEATION AND NATURAL COMMUNITIES . ............... 3
2.1 Purpose and Methodology .......................... ............... 3
2.2 Biotic Resources ................................. ............... 3
2.2.1 Vegetative Communities ...................... ............... 4
2.2.1.1 Swamp Forest ........................ ............... 4
2.2.1.2 Timbered Area ....................... ............... 4
2.2.1.3 Agricultural Field ..................... ............... 5
2.2.2 Faunal Components ......................... ............... 5
2.3 Wetland Delineation and Consultation ................. ............... 6
2.3.1 Wetland Delineation ......................... ............... 6
2.3.2 Consultation With the US Army Corps of Engineers . ............... 6
3.0 OTHER CONSIDERATIONS ............................. ............... 7
3.1 Threatened and Endangered Species ................... ............... 7
3.1.1 Federally Protected Species .................... ............... 7
3.1.2 National Marine Fisheries Service ............... ............... 8
3.1.3 North Carolina Natural Heritage Program (NC-NIP) ............... 8
3.2 Cultural Resources ................................ ............... 8
3.3 Hazardous/Toxic Materials or Sites ................... ............... 9
3.3.1 National Priority List ......................... ............... 9
3.3.3 Inactive Hazardous Waste Sites Priority List ....... .............. 10
3.3.4 RCRA TSD Facilities ........................ .............. 10
3.3.5 RCRA Hazardous Waste Generators ............. .............. 10
3.3.6 Permitted Solid Waste Facilities List ............. .............. 10
4.0 SOIL AND GROUNDWATER INVESTIGATION .......... ................. 11
4.1 Purpose and Methodology ....................... ................. 11
4.2 Geology and Soils ............................. ................. 11
4.3 Observation Well Installation ..................... ................. 12
4.4 Field Permeability Tests ........................ .................. 13
4.5 Geotechnical Investigation ...................... .................. 13
4.6 Groundwater Levels and Flow ................... .................. 14
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5.0 WATER BUDGET ................................................... 15
5.1 Water Budget Calculations ........................................ 15
5.1.1 Introduction ............................................. 15
5.1.2 Precipitation ............................................. 15
5.1.3 Surface Runoff ........................................... 15
5.1.4 Evapotranspiration Losses .................................. 16
5.1.5 Surface Runoff Losses ..................................... 16
5.1.6 Infiltration Losses ......................................... 17
5.1.7 Groundwater Outflow and Inflow ............................. 17
5.1.8 Available Water .......................................... 18
5.2 Summary of the Water Budget Findings .............................. 19
6.0 MITIGATION PLAN .................... .............................21
6.1 Introduction ...................... .............................21
6.2 Existing Conditions ................ ............................. 21
6.3 Reference Ecosystem .............. ............................. 21
6.4 Discussion of Hydrological Modifications ............................. 23
6.5 Restoration of PC Fields ............. ............................. 24
6.6 Reforestation ..................... ............................. 25
6.7 Monitoring Plan ................... ............................. 26
6.8 Dispensation ..................... .............................28
6.9 Mitigation Credits .................. ............................. 28
7.0 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ............................ 29
8.0 LIST OF PREPARERS ................................................ 31
9.0 REFERENCES ......................................................35
TABLE
Table 1 - Threatened and Endangered Species
Table 2 - Observation Well Construction Details and Water Elevations
Table 3 - Water Budget Summary Table
FIGURES
Figure 1 - Site Location Map
Figure 2 - Existing Site Conditions Map
Figure 3 - Delineated Wetland Map
Figure 4 - National Wetlands Inventory Map
Figure 5 - Soil Distribution and Surface Drainage Divides
Figure 6 - Groundwater Contour Map
Figure 7 - Overall Layout Plan
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Figure 7a - Reference Ecosystem
' Figure 8 - Key Map
Figure 9 - Grading Plan (Sheet 1)
Figure 10 - Grading Plan (Sheet 2)
Figure 11 - Grading Plan (Sheet 3)
Figure 12 - Grading Plan (Sheet 4)
Figure 13 - Grading Plan (Sheet 5)
' Figure 14 - Proposed Vegetation and Monitoring Plan
Figure 15 - Notes and Details
APPENDICES
' APPENDIX A - Routine Wetland Determination Data Forms
APPENDIX B - Wetland Rating Worksheet
APPENDIX C - Prior Converted (PC) Wetlands Determination
APPENDIX D - Boring Logs and Well Construction Diagrams
APPENDIX E - Field Permeability Data
APPENDIX F - Geotechnical Analyses
APPENDIX G - Precipitation Data
APPENDIX H - Evapotranspiration Calculations
' APPENDIX I - Potential Runoff Calculations
APPENDIX J - Compensatory Mitigation Planning Checklist
APPENDIX K - Survey Data

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Resource Southeast, Ltd. was retained by the North Carolina Department of
Transportation, Planning and Environmental Branch to prepare a mitigation plan for the proposed
Tucker Farm mitigation site. The Tucker Farm property consists of 68.3 acres and is located in
Currituck County, approximately 3800 feet east of the community of Sligo, North Carolina on the
south side of NC 168 (Figure 1).
Development of the mitigation plan included the review and analysis of existing
information, a wetland delineation, a natural communities assessment, a surface hydrology/water
budget analysis, evaluation of the data developed and preparation of the plan. Each of these
specific areas of study are addressed in this report. This report does not constitute a final design
for the mitigation plan and does not include final construction drawings and planting
specifications; these will be prepared following approval of this mitigation plan.
' The mitigation site is located in the western portion of the 68.3 acre Tucker Farm property
and consists of 48.1 acres. The eastern portion (20.2 acres) of the property will be reserved for
possible future mitigation consideration (Figure 2). The use of this reserved portion will be
' determined pending the acquisition by NCDOT of an adjacent property which would increase the
mitigation potential of the reserved, eastern portion of the Tucker Farm property.
' Resource identified approximately 11.5 acres of the 48.1 acre site as jurisdictional wetland
consisting of 8.7 acres of timbered forested wetland and 2.8 acres of swamp forest. Resource met
with Mr. Mike Bell of the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers (Wilmington District) on-site on May
31, 1995 to verify the wetland delineation. Mr. Bell agreed with the delineation with the
exception of a 2.8 acre portion of the timbered area. The delineation was subsequently adjusted
to reflect the results of this consultation meeting (Figure 3). Approximately 25.1 acres of farm
fields are designated as prior converted (PC) wetland as defined by the United States Department
of Agriculture, Consolidated Farm Service Agency (USDA-CFSA), and are not currently
considered to be jurisdictional wetlands. The remaining 11.5 acres is a timbered upland area.
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Neither the study area or other properties within the appropriate search distance have
been listed as a National Priority List (NPL) Superfund site, Comprehensive Environmental
Information System (CERCLIS) site, an Inactive
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Hazardous Waste Site, a permitted Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) Treatment
Storage and Disposal (TSD) facility, a permitted RCRA Hazardous Waste Generator, or a
permitted landfill.
Data developed for the surface hydrology/water budget analysis included the installation
' of six observation wells and two reference wells, the performance of infiltration tests at six
locations, the testing of 3 undisturbed (Shelby tube) soil samples for classification and vertical
permeability, the compilation and evaluation of precipitation data, and the calculation of potential
' surface runoff and evapotranspiration losses. The water budget analysis indicated that insufficient
water is currently available to the mitigation site due to the alteration of hydrology of the site by

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agricultural ditches, which cause significant water losses from the site. Due to the existing hydric
soils and elevations, the losses by the ditches and the classification of over half the site as a prior
converted wetland by the CFSA and the existence of wetland in proximity to the mitigation site,
blocking the existing drainage ditches can be expected to restore the groundwater table to levels
which will prevent infiltration losses in the mitigation area. If the groundwater is elevated to its
original level after the proposed ditch blockages, and surface water runoff and groundwater
outflow losses are minimized, precipitation should be sufficient to supply needed water to restore
wetland hydrology.
A Reference Ecosystem has been established at the Ballance Farm mitigation site (Figure
7a). This Reference Ecosystem is a forested wetland that is dominated by Roanoke fine sandy
loam. The Reference Ecosystem also has vegetation and hydrology typically associated with
other forested wetlands in this geomorphic setting. This Reference Ecosystem will be used for the
restoration of forested wetlands on the Tucker Farm mitigation site as it is located in the same
watershed (Tull Creek/Pasquotank River), and it has the same geomorphic setting and soil type as
the proposed mitigation site.
The mitigation plan proposes restoring the existing PC fields to forested wetland and
preserving the existing wetland on the western portion of the site. Site restoration will involve
removing the field crowns and using the material to fill the existing ditches in the PC fields (using
low permeability Roanoke soils) to yield surface elevations which approximate those of the
Reference Ecosystem. This soil will be utilized to build perimeter berms adjacent to the north and
east property lines and to construct an entrance road adjacent to the west property line. This
minor grading and-drainage rerouting will promote sheet flow in a southerly direction to the
existing wetlands and ultimately to Buckskin Creek. Berms and rerouting of ditches should
prevent impacts to offsite areas.
The NC 168 widening project (TIP Project R-2228) will impact approximately 22 acres of
forested wetland along the project corridor. Using the US EPA's guidelines for mitigation credits,
a total of 13.41 mitigation credits will be obtained by the proposed mitigation plan for the Tucker
Farm site. Of this total, 12.55 credits (25 acres) will be in mixed hardwood species that will
mitigate for the red maple/sweetgum and mixed hardwood forest impacts. The remaining 0.86
acres will be obtained through preservation of on-site wetlands; the existing 2.8 acres of swamp
forest will be preserved at a ratio of 10:1 and the 8.7 acres of timbered wetlands will be preserved
at a ratio of 15:1, and allowed to regenerate naturally.
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1.0 INTRODUCTION
' 1.1 Project Description
The North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) is currently proposing to
' widen NC 168 in Currituck County to a multi-lane highway from Barco to the Virginia state line
north of Moyock (TIP Project R-2228). The widening project will cross several streams
impacting approximately 21.67 acres of adjacent jurisdictional wetland as defined by the U.S.
' Army Corps of Engineers (USACOE) and 2.36 acres of coastal marsh wetland as defined under
the Coastal Area Management Act (CAMA).
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A tract of land known as the Tucker Farm has been selected by the NCDOT as a potential
on-site mitigation site for some of the wetland impacts that will occur due to the highway
widening project. The property consists of 68.3 acres including 25.1 acres of prior converted
(PC) wetland, 40.4 acres of timbered area (cutover, including roadways), and 2.8 acres of swamp
forest. The swamp forest located in the southwest portion of the property is associated with
Buckskin Creek, a tributary to Cowells Creek. The mitigation site is located in the western
portion of the property and consists of 48.1 acres. The eastern 20.2 acres of the property will be
reserved for possible future mitigation projects and is not included in this mitigation plan; it is
labelled as "Reserved Area" on the enclosed figures.
The goal of this project is to mitigate for some of the unavoidable wetland impacts
resulting from the widening of NC 168. To achieve this goal, the NCDOT proposes to restore
the wetland hydrology and wetland vegetation to the ditched PC field and to preserve or enhance
the remainder of the wetland on the site. Restoration of the PC fields will yield elevations which
will support forested wetlands similar to the designated Reference Ecosystem.
1.2 Purpose
This report describes the results of a wetland delineation, a natural communities report, a
water budget for the site, and investigation of potential hazardous materials, cultural resources
'and threatened and endangered species, preparation of the plan, and response to agency
comments. This report does not constitute final design for the mitigation plan and does not
include final construction drawings and planting specifications. Final design and construction
drawings will be prepared following approval of this mitigation plan. Recommendations made in
this report are based on the analysis of relevant existing published data and data collected in field
.investigations.
1.3 Study Area
The project study area is located approximately 3,800 feet east of the community of Sligo,
North Carolina on the south side of NC 168 (Figure 1). The site is near the midpoint of the
proposed highway widening from the Virginia state line to Barco. The site is located within the
extreme northeastern Lower Coastal Plain physiographic province in the Pasquotank River Basin
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' of North Carolina. The Tucker Farm lies northeast of Buckskin Creek, a tributary of Cowells
Creek which flows northward into Tull Creek and eventually into Tull Bay, at the northern end of
' Currituck Sound.
The property is essentially flat with the natural topography on the tract ranging from 0.3
feet below to 3.1 feet above mean sea level (msl). Approximately two-thirds of the property has
experienced agricultural activities, including man-made ditches with a total length of
approximately 9,400 linear feet. There is also an existing drainage ditch along NC 168 on the
' north side of the property. The remaining portion of the property has been timbered within the
past five years. Figure 2 shows the existing site conditions.
' The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Consolidated Farm Services Agency has
identified the farm field area as prior converted (PC) wetland. This farm field area is proposed as
on-site mitigation for project R-2228. The farm field area hydrology has been altered by the man-
made ditches, which have lowered the water table in the farm field area and keep the area well
drained. These fields have been fallow for two to three seasons.
' 1.4 General Methodology
' Information sources used to prepare this report include: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)
7.5 minute series topographic map of the Currituck quadrangle (1982); Soil Conservation Service
(SCS, 1982) Soil Survey of Currituck County; Prior Converted Wetland Determination
' (Consolidated Farm Service Agency, 1988); Geologic Map of North Carolina (1985); Property
Map of Currituck County (Currituck County Tax Office, 1985). Research using these sources
was conducted prior to the field investigation.
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2.0 WETLAND DELINEATION AND NATURAL COMMUNITIES
' 2.1 Purpose and Methodology
' The purpose of this section is to describe the natural communities and wetland areas found
on the Tucker Farm and to provide a map of those areas. Also, it identifies the jurisdictional
wetland delineation that was performed by Resource and the follow up consultation with the US
' Army Corps of Engineers-Wilmington District and the North Carolina Division of Coastal
Management (NCDCM).
Information sources used to prepare this report include: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)
7.5 minute quadrangle map (Currituck); NCDOT aerial photographs of the project area (1:500);
NCDOT Photogrammetric Topography Maps (1:100); Soil Conservation Service (SCS) soil
maps; United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) National Wetlands Inventory map
(Currituck); United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACOE 1987 Wetland Delineation
' Manual); and N.C. Natural Heritage Program's (NC-NHP) Classification of the Natural
Communities of North Carolina Third Approximation (Schafale and Weakley, 1990). Research
using these resources was conducted prior to the field investigation.

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Wetlands and surface waters fall under the broad category of "Waters of the United
States" as defined in 33 CFR 328.3 and in accordance with provisions of Section 404 of the Clean
Water Act (33 U.S.C. 1344), and they are regulated by the USACOE. The wetland delineation
on the Tucker Farm was conducted using the field delineation methods of the 1987 Wetland
Delineation Manual. Routine wetland delineation forms are included in Appendix A. The wetland
evaluations were conducted according to the NCDEM Guidance for Rating the Values of
Wetlands in North Carolina, Fourth Version, and are included in Appendix B.
The field survey and wetland delineation was conducted by Resource biologists between
May 15 and May 18, 1995. Plant communities and their associated wildlife were identified using
a variety of observation techniques, including active searching, visual observations with
binoculars, and identifying characteristic signs of wildlife (sounds, tracks, scats, and burrows).
The information was obtained using field guides (Burt, 1952; Conant & Collins, 1958; Ferrand,
1993; Radford et al, 1968; and Webster et al, 1985).
2.2 Biotic Resources
Living systems described in the following sections include communities of associated
plants and animals. These descriptions refer to the dominant flora and fauna in each community
and the relationship of these biotic components. Scientific nomenclature and common names
(when applicable) are used for the plant and animal species described. Subsequent references to
the same species include the common name only.
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2.2.1 Vegetative Communities
2.2.1.1 Swamp Forest
This wetland community is found throughout the Coastal Plain along rivers and streams as
well as within very poorly drained flat areas with high water tables. The soils are generally wet to
saturated year round, strongly acidic with an organic layer overlying clay or sand. Within the
project area, the Currituck County Soil Survey lists the soil series in this community as Conaby
muck. On the Tucker Farm, the swamp forest occurs in the southwestern corner of the site
between a timbered area and Buckskin Creek. Most of this community had standing water several
inches deep over very soft mucky soils. The swamp forest receives runoff and drainage from the
adjacent fields which are ditched, as well as from occasional creek flooding. Scattered throughout
the swamp were small hummocks created by larger trees and accumulation of vegetative matter.
The swamp forest has distinctive layers of vegetation from canopy to emergent aquatic
vegetation. The canopy is dominated by swamp tupelo (Nyssa biflora), bald cypress (Taxodium
distichum), loblolly pine (Pinus taeda), green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvatica), and sweet gum
(Liquidambar styraciflua). The understory consists of young sweet gum, red maple (Acer
rubrum), red bay (Persea borbonia), and sweet bay (Magnolia virginiana). The shrub layer is
dominated by wax myrtle (Myrica cerifera), highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum),
coastal pepperbush (Clethra alnifolia), and hazel alder (Alnus serrulata). The herbaceous layer
varied with the amount of sunlight reaching the forest floor and the degree of inundation, and
contained royal fern (Osmunda regalis), southern lady fern (Athyrium asplenioides), lizard's tail
(Saururus cernuus), laurel leaf greenbrier (Smilax laurifolia), and pennywort (Hydrocotyle
bonariensis). Wetter areas contained arrowhead (Saggitaria latifolia), water plantain (Alisma
subcordatum), various sedges (Carex spp. and Scirpus spp.) peat moss (Sphagnum sp.), and
pondweed (Potamogeton sp.). Many of the less water-tolerant species such as the loblolly pine,
wax myrtle, and the ferns occurred on the small hummocks throughout the swamp forest.
2.2.1.2 Timbered Area
The timbered area makes up approximately one-third of the Tucker Farm's area and is
located between the swamp forest associated with Buckskin Creek and the agricultural fields.
This area appears to have been timbered within the past five years due to the relative size of
individual trees. The soils in this community are gray to dark gray clay loam with common
mottling. Microtopography within the area appears to have been created by timbering equipment.
Many of the equipment ruts contained three to six inches of standing water with thriving
clusters of soft rush (Juncus effusus), cinnamon fern (Osmunda cinnamomea) and woolgrass
(Scirpus cyperinus). Other vegetation occurring in this community includes sweet gum, black
gum and water oak (Quercus nigra) in the sapling layer, and wax myrtle in the shrub layer.
Herbaceous vegetation included red maple seedlings, giant cane (Arundinaria gigantea),
blackberry (Rubus spp.) and common greenbrier (Smilax rotundifolia).
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Within the central portion of the timbered area, a crescent-shaped wetland containing
scattered mast-bearing species, scrubby tree and shrub species as previously described, and
advantageous herbaceous species is present.
2.2.1.3 Agricultural Field
A 25.0 acre irregularly shaped field occupies the northern two-thirds of the Tucker Farm.
The field has several major drainage ditches (4 to 6 feet wide and 3 to 4 feet deep) running west
to east and north to south, and emptying into the swamp forest. The field appears to have been
fallow for the past 2 to 3 years, evidenced by a variety of weeds, including buttercups
(Ranunculus sp. ), dock (Rumex sp. ), aster (Aster sp. ), paspalum (Paspalum sp. ), and dog fennel
(Eupatorium sp.). Soft rush, woolgrass, and giant cane are beginning to spread into the wetter
portions of the field.
The USDA Consolidated Farm Services Agency (CFSA) has determined that the 25.0 acre
field qualifies for a prior converted wetland determination. The soil within the field is identified as
Roanoke fine sandy loam by the Currituck County Soil Survey. Roanoke fine sandy loam is listed
as a hydric soil by the local USDA Natural Resource Conservation Service (formerly Soil
Conservation Service) because of saturation for a significant period of the growing season. It is
also identified as a soil that would support woody vegetation under natural conditions.
2.2.2 Faunal Components
The habitats present on the Tucker Farm are capable of supporting a variety of wildlife
species. The forest communities on the tract provide food, shelter, and breeding areas for both
game and non-game species. White tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) signs were observed in
every vegetative community. Deer use the old field for feeding and the forested areas for food
and shelter. Raccoon (Procyon lotor) signs were also observed in all habitats. Gray squirrels
(Sciurus carolinensis) were observed in the forested areas, both swamp and upland.
The Tucker Farm potentially provides habitat for a variety of species that were not
observed during field work. The marshes and swamp forest communities on the property are
typical habitat for the river otter (Lutra canandensis), mink (Mustela vison) and marsh rabbit
(Sylvilagus palustris). Gray fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) utilize woodlands and field areas
like those on the Tucker Farm. The eastern cottontail rabbit (Sylvilagus floridanus) and a variety
of mice and woodland rats typically inhabit old field margins. Various bat species also might use
the open fields for feeding, and might shelter in large trees on the tract.
A variety of song birds were observed on the tract. The robin (Turdus migratorius),
Northern cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis), mourning dove (Zenaida macroura), Eastern
mockingbird (Mimus polyglottus), were found in the old field and forest edges. Warblers typically
utilize swamp forest along with wood ducks (Aix sponsa) and the barred owl (Strix varia).
Woodpeckers such as the red-bellied (Centurus carolinus), pileated (Dryocopus pileatus), and
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downy (Dendrocopos pubescens) inhabit woodlands. The property provides potential habitat for
' many other birds.
The Tucker Farm also provides suitable habitat for a wide variety of reptiles and
amphibians. Although only a copperhead (Agkistrodon contortix) was observed, many different
snakes including the brown water snake (Natrix taxispilota) and Eastern cottonmouth
(Agkistrodon piscivorus piscivorus) typically utilize woodland habitats and swamp areas,
' respectively. Several green anoles (Aeolis carolinensis carolinensis) were observed along the
forest edge. The southern leopard frog (Rana utricularia) and bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) were
also observed along the drainage ditches near the swamp forest.
Cowells Creek has been identified as a high quality freshwater fishery by the N.C. Wildlife
Resources Commission and is considered part of the inland primary nursery area for Tull Creek.
Largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), white perch (Moron americana), and various
sunfishes (Lepomis sp.) are the common sport fishes found in the creek.
2.3 Wetland Delineation and Consultation
' 2.3.1 Wetland Delineation
Resource identified approximately 11.5 acres of the 48.1 acre mitigation site as being
' jurisdictional wetland (Figure 3). The timbered area, the largest wetland area on the property,
consists of 8.7 acres with the swamp forest accounting for 2.8 acres. The prior converted
wetland accounts for 25.1 acres as designated by the United States Department of Agriculture -
' Consolidated Farm Service Agency areas are shown with the various acreages broken down by
vegetative community on Figure 3.
' .2.3.2 Consultation With the US Army Corps of Engineers
Resource personnel met with Mr. Mike Bell of the USACOE Wilmington District on May
' 31, 1995 at the Tucker Farm to verify the wetland delineation. Routine wetland determination
forms required by the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers and wetland rating worksheets required by
' NCDEM are included in Appendices A and B, respectively.

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3.0 OTHER CONSIDERATIONS
' 3.1 Threatened and Endangered Species
1 3.1.1 Federally Protected Species
Some populations of plants and animals have been in decline or are in the process of
decline either due to natural forces or due to their inability to coexist with man. Rare and
protected species listed for Currituck County, and any occurrence of these species are discussed
below and summarized in Table 1.
Plants and animals with federal classification of Endangered (E), Threatened (T) ,
Proposed Endangered (PE) and Proposed Threatened (PT) are protected under provisions of
Section 7 and Section 9 of the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended. The United States
Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) lists the Kemp's ridley sea turtle (Lepidochelys kempii) and
the leatherback sea turtle (Dermochelys coriacea) as the only federally protected endangered
species reported in Currituck County as of the March 1995 listing. The green sea turtle
(Chelonia mydas) and the loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta) are federally listed as threatened
species in this county. These species are typically found at sea and may also enter bays and
sounds and may be found on beaches. This site lacks these types of habitat.
' According to USFWS, other federally protected threatened species listed for Currituck
County include the Dismal Swamp southeastern shrew (Sorex longirostris fisheri), the piping
plover (Charadrius melodus) and the seabeach amaranth (Amaranthus pumilus). The Dismal
1 Swamp southeastern shrew is a small, long-tailed shrew found in the region of the Great Dismal
Swamp in Virginia and North Carolina. It tolerates a variety of habitats from fairly dry to moist
to wet areas. Specimens have been reported in grassy fields, clear-cut regenerating forests, young
' forests with shrubs, wax myrtle thickets, common reed flats, mature pine and deciduous forests.
No specimens have been reported in the vicinity of the Tucker Farm. The piping plover is a small
(6-7.5") wading bird, typically found on sand beaches and tidal flats. This type of habitat is not
found on the proposed mitigation site. The seabeach amaranth is a monoecious annual herb with
fleshy, roundish leaves, large fruits, and numerous branched stems. This reddish tinted amaranth
is found on the upper beach and lower foredune of coastal barrier islands. This type of habitat is
not found on or near the Tucker Farm.
Federal Candidate species are not legally protected under the Endangered Species Act and
are not subject to any of its provisions including Section 7, until they are formally proposed or
listed as Threatened or Endangered. Candidate 2 (C2) species are defined as taxa for which there
is some evidence of vulnerability, but for which there is insufficient data to warrant a listing of E,
T, PE, or PT at this time. The black rail (Laterallus jamaicensis) and the Virginia least trillium
(Trillium pusillum var virginianum) are listed as C2 for Currituck County. The black rail is a
small (5-6") bird found in tidal marshes, grassy marshes and stubble fields. None were observed
on the Tucker Farm. The Virginia least trillium is a small, perennial herb with an erect stem, a
whorl of three leaves, and flowers with three petals. It is typically found in moist, rich soils of
1
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1

second and third growth forests. No specimens have been reported, and none were observed
during the site visit to the Tucker Farm.
3.1.2 National Marine Fisheries Service
National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) has jurisdiction over aquatic Threatened and
Endangered species. The sea turtles listed above fall under this jurisdiction and NMFS has
reported that none of the species indicated are found on or around the study area.
3.1.3 North Carolina Natural Heritage Program (NC-NHP)
The NC-NHP compiles lists of plants and animals which are protected under state law.
These lists typically include threatened and endangered species listed by the USFWS with
additional species that the NC-NHP deems important but that are not federally protected. State
and federal designations and species occurrences sometimes differ and are addressed here. The
NC-NHP lists the Virginia least trillium (federally listed as C2) as an endangered species
protected by the state. The NC-NHP also lists the occurrence of the federally listed red-cockaded
woodpecker (Picoides borealis) and the manatee (Trichechus manatus) in Currituck County.
The red-cockaded woodpecker is a small (8-9") wood boring bird found in open stands of mature
pines. The Tucker Farm does not contain this type of habitat nor were any specimens observed
during the site visit. The manatee is a large, (7-13 feet, 1300 lbs) dark grey, migratory marine
mammal found in brackish lagoons, mouths of rivers and shallow areas. The typical range of
manatees is from Beaufort, N.C. to Florida and the Gulf of Mexico; very few are reported north
of Cape Hatteras, N.C. No manatees have been reported in the vicinity of the Tucker Farm
property.
The NC-NHP lists the Carolina grasswort (Lilaeopsis carolinensis) as a threatened
species protected by the state. The Carolina grasswort is a perennial rhizomatous herb with
elongate leaves (7-35 cm). They are found in brackish and freshwater marshes, along pond
margins, sluggish streams, and ditches. Carolina grassworts have been not reported on or near
the Tucker Farm site.
In addition to plant and animal elements, the NC-NHP also classifies natural areas.
Although these areas are not legally protected, the state recognizes the importance of preserving
these areas. No natural areas, as classified by the NC-NHP, are known to occur on or adjacent to
the Tucker Farm.
3.2 Cultural Resources
Resource personnel reviewed existing literature relative to the presence of cultural
resources on or adjacent to the Tucker Farm property. According to information obtained from
the North Carolina Department of Cultural Resources, no cultural resource sites are known to
occur on the Tucker Farm mitigation site property. Two cultural resource sites have been
identified on adjacent properties. Brief descriptions of these site are discussed below, and are
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taken from an archaeology study report, prepared by NCDOT in December 1993 as part of the
NC 168 widening project.
31- K-89 This site is an unoccupied late 19th to recent 20th century two-story dwelling
' with end chimneys (the Tucker House). Items recovered during the investigation included
a few glass and whiteware ceramic sherds. None of these artifacts were deemed to have
significant archaeological significance, and additional investigation at this site was not
recommended (Robinson, 1993).
31- K-90 This site is an early 20th century one-story dwelling with associated grassed lot
located along the south side of NC 168 approximately 1.6 kilometers (1 mile) east of
Sligo. Items recovered from a surface inspection of eroded and bare areas include glass
jar and bottle fragments and ceramic sherds. None of these artifacts were deemed to have
significant archaeological significance, and additional investigation at this site was not
recommended (Robinson, 1993).
' 3.3 Hazardous/Toxic Materials or Sites
During the initial site investigation on May 15-18, 1995, Resource personnel did not
observe any evidence on or immediately adjacent to the site which would indicate the potential
presence of hazardous/toxic materials or sites.
' Practically reviewable public environmental records were researched in order to evaluate
environmental conditions within appropriate search distances of the subject property.
Environmental records reviewed were the most recent records available to Resource by the
respective regulatory authority.
3.3.1 National Priority List
Sites that receive the highest ranking under the Superfund hazard ranking system are
placed on the National Priority List (NPL) and thus become eligible to have cleanup activities
financed by Superfund. The NPL of Superfund Sites for North Carolina was evaluated at an
approximate search distance of one mile. According to United States Environmental Protection
Agency (USEPA) documents, no NPL facilities were located on the subject property or on
properties within one mile of the subject property.
' 3.3.2 CERCLIS List
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Information
USEPA
or a
System (CERCLIS) listed facilities are those that have been evaluated by the
support agency for potential inclusion on the NPL Superfund list. These sites were evaluated at
an approximate search distance of one-half mile. According to information presented in USEPA
documents, no CERCLIS listed facilities are located within one-half mile of the subject property.

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3.3.3 Inactive Hazardous Waste Sites Priority List
Sites that receive the highest ranking under the Superfund hazard ranking system for the
State of North Carolina are placed on the Inactive Hazardous Waste Sites Priority List and thus
become eligible to have cleanup activities funded by the State of North Carolina. These sites
were evaluated at an approximate search distance of one mile. According to the North Carolina
Department of Environment, Health and Natural Resources (NCDEHNR) Division of Solid
Waste Management Superfund Section documents, no sites under this listing are located within
one mile of the subject property.
3.3.4 RCRA TSD Facilities
The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) requires the owners of TSD
(Treatment, Storage and Disposal) facilities to obtain permits from authorized state agencies. A
RCRA TSD facility is a site that stores (for more than 90 days), treats, or otherwise disposes of
hazardous wastes on-site. Permitted RCRA TSD facilities were evaluated at an approximate
search distance of one mile. According to NCDEHNR records, no permitted RCRA TSD
facilities are located on the subject property or within one mile of the subject property.
3.3.5 RCRA Hazardous Waste Generators
The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) requires the owners of facilities
that generate hazardous waste to notify authorized state agencies. RCRA hazardous waste
generators were evaluated at an approximate search distance limited to facilities on and
adjoining the subject property. According to information presented in NCDEHNR documents,
no RCRA hazardous waste generators are located on the subject property or adjoining properties.
3.3.6 Permitted Solid Waste Facilities List
Solid waste facilities were evaluated at an approximate search distance of one-half mile.
Based on location information presented in NCDEHNR Solid Waste Section records, no
permitted solid waste facilities are located on the subject property or within one-half mile of the
' subject property.

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4.0 SOII. AND GROUNDWATER INVESTIGATION
4.1 Purpose and Methodology
A general soils and groundwater investigation was made at the site for the purpose of
collecting information for the water budget. Eight observation wells (TW-1 through TW-6, TR-1
and TR-2) were installed on the Tucker Farm to assess groundwater gradients, the depth to
groundwater and soil types present. Soils mapping information from the SCS, as shown on
Figure 5, was utilized in the selection of appropriate locations for the observation wells. The
selected Reference Ecosystem, containing observation wells, is off-site; therefore, observation
wells were not placed in the wetland area on-site. Each of the borings were logged by Resource
personnel on May 17, 1995. A drill rig with hollow stem augering equipment was contracted and
operated under direct supervision of Resource personnel. Total depths of wells TW-1 through
TW-6 were determined in the field and were approximately two feet below the observed saturated
regional water table. Total depths of wells TR-1 and TR-2 were less than three feet and placed
next to deeper wells (TW-3 and TW-6, respectively) to assess possible vertical gradients and
perching of groundwater in the shallow soils. Locations of the observation wells are shown on
Figure 5 for the Tucker site and on Figure 7a for the Reference Ecosystem (Ballance Farm),
labelled BW12.
In order to gain an understanding of shallow soil permeability at the site, six in-situ field
permeability tests were conducted in the most common soil types. Locations of the permeability
tests are indicated on Figure 5. Also, three undisturbed soil samples (Shelby Tubes) were
collected from three representative wells to measure true vertical hydraulic conductivity. These
samples were sent to a geotechnical laboratory for analysis.
4.2 Geology and Soils
Lying approximately 25 miles east of the Suffolk Scarp and bordering the Atlantic Ocean,
the geology of Currituck County is described by the Geologic Map of North Carolina as
Quaternary surficial deposits of undivided sand, clay, gravel, and peat deposited in marine, fluvial,
eolian, and lacustrine environments (NC Division of Land Resources, 1985). The major soil types
listed by the Soil Survey were field verified by Resource.
The National Resource Conservation Service (formerly the Soil Conservation Service)
general soil map identifies the project area as being within the Dare - Ponzer soil association and
Roanoke - Tomotley soil association (U.S. Dept of Agriculture, SCS, 1982). The soil map units
are included on Figure 5. The Dare - Ponzer soils are characterized as being nearly level, poorly
drained soils that have a mucky surface layer and a sandy or loamy subsoil. The Roanoke -
Tomotley soils are described as nearly level, poorly drained soils that have a loamy surface layer
and a loamy or clayey subsoil.
The majority of the farm field consists of Roanoke fine sandy loam. This soil is poorly
drained on broad flats and in slightly depressed drainageways. Permeability is moderate. The
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seasonal high water table is at or near the surface and the soil is frequently flooded for brief
periods. Roanoke soils are included on the national and local hydric soils lists.
A small area of Augusta fine sandy loam occurs near the northwestern property boundary.
' This is a nearly level, somewhat poorly drained soil on smooth, slightly convex ridges near or
adjacent to small streams and rivers. Permeability is moderate, and the seasonal high water table
fluctuates between one and two feet from the surface. Though not on the national hydric soils
' list, Augusta soils are considered to have hydric inclusions by the local hydric soils list.
A small area of Ponzer muck is present in the southeast and southwest corners of the
' property. This is a nearly level, very poorly drained soil consisting of highly decomposed organic
matter. Permeability is slow in undrained areas and in drained areas, moderate in organic layers
and moderately slow in mineral layers. The seasonal high water table is at or near the surface.
' This soil is subject to rare flooding. If drained, this soil is well suited to crops. Ponzer muck is
included on the national and local hydric soils lists.
4.3 Observation Well Installation
' Eight observation wells were installed on the Tucker Farm property. The locations of
these wells as determined by field survey are shown on Figure 5. During the soil borings, samples
were collected on a continuous basis from the ground surface to total depth. Total depths of the
' borings ranged from about 2.0 feet in TR-2 to 9.8 feet in TW-5. Samples were visually classified
by a Resource geologist. Boring logs are provided in Appendix D.
Each boring encountered a thin organic-rich soil with root material at the surface. Below
this was a dark brown organic-rich silt ranging from 6 inches to 1.5 feet thick. Beneath this zone
was a medium gray, orange/brown mottled silty to sandy clay. Finally, a dark gray silty to clayey
' sand was encountered which ranged in thickness from 6 inches to 2.5 feet, but which was absent
in TW-5. Another clay horizon was observed at the bottom of boring TW-1.
' Soil borings for TW-1 through TW-6 were completed as observation wells so that shallow
groundwater level readings could be measured. Each well was constructed in accordance with
procedures outlined in "Installing Monitoring Wells/Piezometers in Wetlands" (USACOE, 1993),
' a guidance document issued by the Waterways Experiment Station of the U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers. The wells were constructed using 2 inch PVC with a factory slotted 0.010 inch screen
from total depth to within 1.1 to 2.3 feet of the ground surface (see well construction details on
' the boring logs in Appendix D). Each well has at least a one foot riser with a PVC cap. The
annulus was filled with a uniformly graded No. 2 Morie silica sand around the screen (and up to
' about one foot above the screen) with a bentonite seal to the surface. Soil and bentonite were
mounded around the PVC at the ground surface to reduce the potential of surface water impacts.
TR-1 and TR-2 were installed immediately adjacent to TW-3 and TW-6, respectively, with
the purpose of evaluating for a possible perched aquifer. Well construction consisted of about 2
feet of 0.010 inch factory slotted, 2 inch PVC well screen with a 2 foot section of PVC casing.
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The annulus surrounding the well screen was filled to approximately 6 inches above the screen
' with No. 2 Morie sand. The remaining 6 inches was filled with a bentonite clay seal and drill
cuttings were backfilled on top of the bentonite. Well construction diagrams are included in
Appendix D.
' Different procedures can be used to seal the annulus to prevent water flow from the
surface to the aquifer which could lead to abnormally high measured water levels. A concern for
using bentonite exclusively is that bentonite may shrink and crack during dry periods. Cement'
rout seals may be installed to cover such potential cracks, however, cement grout can also crack
?cfe
due to shrinkage while drying or due to freezing and thawing of the cement and/or the ground
' surface (frost heave). Unlike bentonite, which will re-hydrate and expand during wet periods,
cement grout cracks would not close with wetting. Should water successfully reach the aquifer
prior to re-hydration and expansion of the bentonite, aquifer water levels would be expected to C"
' equilibrate rapidly. /
4.4 Field Permeability Tests
A 24 inch deep boring was advanced within 5 feet of each observation well. These
borings are referred to as TP-1 through TP-6 on Figure 5. These locations were chosen in order
' to gain the best possible representation of the most common upslope soil types for the site
(Roanoke and Augusta fine sandy loams). Two inches of No. 2 Morie sand were placed in the
' bottom of each boring. Each borehole was pre-saturated prior to conducting the infiltration tests.
After adding water to a specified level to start the test, the decrease in water level was monitored
at regular 30 minute time intervals over a four hour period. Three of the six tests yielded
' measurable results, whereas three did not due to the proximity of groundwater to the ground
surface. The results are summarized in Appendix E. Field determined infiltration rates at the
Tucker Farm ranged from 1.7 x 10-2 to 4.2 x 10'3 in /min (7.1 x 10-4 to 1.8 x 10-4 cm/sec).
' 4.5 Geotechnical Investigation
' Three undisturbed soil samples (Shelby tubes) were collected from observation wells TW-
1, TW-3, and TW-5 at a depth of 0 to 20 inches below ground surface to assess true vertical
hydraulic conductivity of the dominant soil types on-site, to further evaluate infiltration loss
potential and to determine the suitability of the near surface soils for possibly filling the
agricultural ditches to reduce surface and groundwater losses from the site. The samples were
analyzed by a geotechnical laboratory for grain size distribution, Atterberg Limits, and vertical
permeability. The laboratory results are shown in Appendix F. At least 74 % of each of the
samples passed the No. 200 sieve, indicating very fine silt to clay material. Based on the
Atterberg Limits, each sample would be classified as a low plasticity clay (probably due to silt
content). Vertical permeabilities for the three samples tested ranged from 2 x 10-4to 2 x 10.5
in/min (9 x 10"6 to 1 x 10'6 cm/sec).
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4.6 Groundwater Levels and Flow
Due to the low barometric efficiency of shallow, unconfined and unconsolidated aquifers,
very minor water level changes are expected in response to barometric pressure variations.
Because each observation well has a sand pack in the annulus to within one foot of the surface
and well screens are within 2.3 feet of the surface, the impacts on measured water levels due to
this and other natural loading effects (such as tidal fluctuations) are further minimized.
_ Watetleyels were measured in each observation and reference well on three separate dates
1n May and June 1995, ?The water level data and groundwater elevations are included in Table 2.
Water levels in each well varied between measuring events. Variations in groundwater levels and
flow directions are likely to occur in response to such factors as precipitation events and
evapotranspiration.
A groundwater elevation contour map is provided as Figure 6. The contours are based on
June 7, 1995 water level data from the six wells at the site and correspond to the existing
topography at the site; topographic contours are also included on the map. Generally, the
groundwater table surface will conform to topography, so this map represents a best estimate of
groundwater elevations across the site with limited data. Other factors which will influence
groundwater elevations include lithology (and hence, hydraulic conductivity) and proximity to
drainage ditches. Note that groundwater elevations only range over about 2.5 feet at the site, and
the contour interval for the map is one foot. In general, groundwater flows toward Buckskin
Creek with a component of flow in the central portion of the property towards a central wetland
area. During periods of elevated water table conditions, groundwater flow is also expected
toward the ditches in the farm fields at the higher elevations. Given the measured depths to
groundwater of less than two feet below grade (Table 2), new observation wells recommended as
part of the site monitoring plan could be completed shallower than those currently installed at the
site.
'j ?
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5.0 WATER BUDGET
5.1 Water Budget Calculations
5.1.1 Introduction
In order to determine the quantity of water available for the mitigation site system, a water
budget analysis was performed. Evaluation of water inputs to, and outputs from, the system are
necessary for this calculation. Inputs to the system include precipitation, surface runoff from
adjoining tracts onto the property, and groundwater inflow. Outputs from the system include
evapotranspiration, surface runoff off the property, infiltration, and groundwater outflow. For the
purpose of a water budget analysis without seasonal groundwater level variations, current
groundwater inflows and outflows are treated as being equal and equivalent to a steady state
condition. Historical water level information would be necessary to assess water level
fluctuations and changes in groundwater flow conditions. The difference between other inflows
and outflows is the change in surface and near-surface water storage which is available at the site
to maintain a wetland system. Water quantities are given in inches distributed over a given area.
5.1.2 Precipitation
Precipitation data collected since 1967 from the Elizabeth City, North Carolina National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)/National Weather Service (NWS) weather
station, located approximately 15 miles southwest of the site, were evaluated to determine the
average rainfall input to the system. These data, along with generated monthly and annual data
plots, are included in Appendix G. The plot of monthly precipitation for 1993 and 1994 illustrates
great variability, but total precipitation is generally least in the fourth quarter for both years.
Approximately 70 to 80 percent of the annual precipitation falls during the growing season of
March through November. Since 1967 the minimum annual rainfall was 36.11 inches in 1976,
and the maximum was 72.52 inches in 1979. The 28-year average is 47.93 inches per year.
' 5.1.3 Surface Runoff
Regional topography, as defined by USGS 7.5 minute Currituck, North Carolina
quadrangle topographic map (USGS, 1982), suggests natural surface water drainage flows from
the higher elevations to the north of the property toward Buckskin Creek to the south. The north
side of the property is bounded by a major drainage canal and elevated roadway which would
intercept any potential overland flow from the north. The eastern and western property lines
approximate drainage divides for the very low topographic relief site area (Figure 6). Therefore,
an influx of surface water from adjoining properties is not expected. The property immediately
' northeast of the Tucker farm has agricultural drainage ditches which appear to drain northward to
the main highway drainage canal.

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5.1.4 Evapotranspiration Losses
' Water in the wetland areas will be lost through both evaporation and transpiration by
plants, referred to collectively as evapotranspiration. The technique used to estimate these
combined evapotranspiration losses was the Blaney-Criddle Method (Blaney and Criddle, 1950).
' In using this method, total conversion of the mitigation area to wetland was assumed which
increases the rate of evapotranspiration. Calculations for the rate of evapotranspiration at the site
' are presented in Appendix H. The assumed growing season is March through November. By
calculating the monthly consumptive use factors as a function of mean monthly temperatures
recorded at the Elizabeth City, North Carolina weather station in 1994, and using a crop
' coefficient of 0.65 (appropriate for wetland forest), a total annual evapotranspiration quantity of
35.07 inches was computed.
' 5.1.5 Surface Runoff Losses
The SCS TR-55 Hydrology Method (USDA, 1986) was used to illustrate the potential
' runoff from the property after conversion to wetland. The soil types within the site drainage area
were delineated based upon field investigations and soil surveys for Currituck County, North

' Carolina conducted by the SCS. The total area for each soil type was calculated within the
drologic group and curve number (CN) assigned to each
h
ondin
d the corres
i
d
y
g
p
nage area an
ra
soil type. From the total areas of each soil type and the corresponding CN, a composite CN for
the entire drainage area was calculated to be 79. A listing of the soil types identified, the
' corresponding CNs, total area of each soil type, and the composite CN calculation are included in
Appendix I. The identified soils within the site drainage area are delineated on Figure 6. The site
consists primarily of soils of the hydrologic soil group D' as defined by the SCS, and is indicative
of low infiltration rates and high runoff potential (hydrologic soil groups are classified by the SCS
as 'A', 'B', 'C', or D' depending on infiltration capacity and runoff potential, with group 'A' soils
' having greatest infiltration capacity and lowest runoff potential, and group 'D' soils having least
infiltration capacity and greatest runoff potential). The soil group 'D' classification on the site is
probably due to both low soil permeability and the high water table.
' l
t
d
l
i
e
cu
a
te was ca
The minimum precipitation event required to generate runoff from the s
to be 0.53 inches (calculations in Appendix I). Since the total precipitation in 1994 came very
' close to the 28-year average, all 24-hour precipitation events exceeding 0.50 inches during that
year were tabulated and are also included in Appendix I. There were 19 events with 0.50 to 0.99
inches, 10 events with 1.00 to 1.49 inches, four events with 1.50 to 1.99 inches, and two events
' which exceeded 2.00 inches. From these data, total potential runoff from the property was
estimated to be 5.29 inches (calculations in Appendix I). Drainage ditches in the farm fields

' further enhance surface runoff potential. Surface runoff could also be greater at times when the
By filling field ditches and constructing earthen dams along
roach saturation
rface soils a
.
pp
su
ill be
ff
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potential outlet areas around the site as part o

' minimized, preventing losses due to runoff.
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5.1.6 Infiltration Losses
Infiltration rates of the soils within the proposed wetland area must be determined in order
to calculate the volume of water that will potentially drain through the soil in the mitigation area.
A series of field permeability tests were performed to determine the infiltration rates for the
proposed site in its existing condition. Also, Shelby tubes were used to collect soil samples for
vertical permeability and grain size distribution analysis. The locations of the field permeability
tests are delineated on Figure 6. Refer to Appendix E for the results of the permeability tests and
the laboratory soil analysis.
The observed infiltration rates during field testing were not measurable in three borings,
and ranged from 4.2 x 10'3 to 1.7 x 10'2 in/min in three others (Appendix D). Laboratory test
results were 1 x 10-6to 9 x 10' cm/sec, or, 2.4 x 10'5 to 2.1 x 10' in/min. It appears likely that
the measured field permeabilities were at least in part measurements of horizontal permeability,
which is typically much greater than vertical permeability. The highest laboratory and field
measurement of permeabilities were in boring TP-5, located within the relatively small area of
Augusta fine sandy loam development on the northwest side of the site. This soil type is within
the hydrologic soil group 'C' and would be expected to have better infiltration characteristics.
Designated hydrologic soil groups for the corresponding soil types at the site correlate well with
measured permeabilities, and indicate that, in general, the vertical permeability is low. The actual
rate and quantity of infiltration is dependent upon such factors as infiltration capacity of the soil,
moisture conditions, and water head at the surface. While permeability data alone indicates that
infiltration losses will be relatively minor, the anticipated rise in groundwater level with site
mitigation would render these losses insignificant, and therefore were not included in the water
budget calculation.
5.1.7 Groundwater Outflow and Inflow
Buckskin Creek serves as a natural groundwater discharge area at the southern edge of the
property. Groundwater outflow also occurs in the agricultural ditches (drains) at the site which
are designed to dewater the shallow unconfined aquifer during high water table conditions at the
higher elevations of the site. This is necessary in areas where saturated conditions approach the
surface and aerated soil is required for farming. Such a drain, or water 'sink', is created by digging
a ditch which is allowed to flow water from the aquifer locally to a lower topographic elevation in
a more efficient manner than would occur under natural conditions. The elevation of the water
table in the aquifer around the ditches drops as a consequence. The hydrogeologic principle
behind this approach can be explained with Darcy's Law:
Q = K(dh/dl)A
where Q is the discharge (flow), K is the hydraulic conductivity, dh is the change in head, dl is the
change in length, and A is the cross-sectional area of a hydraulic system. Flow from a shallow
aquifer to an agricultural ditch is created by the increased change in head from the aquifer to the
drain. The ditch creates a greater head difference than would have existed under normal
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k
circumstances, since flow in the ditch itself is extremely efficient and will more quickly
approximate the hydraulic head at a lower elevation (due to its infinitely high hydraulic
conductivity relative to any soil). As water is drained from the aquifer, the water table drops.
The effect of filling an agricultural ditch with the low permeability native soil would be to greatly
lessen its hydraulic conductivity, reduce flow from the aquifer locally, and to restore the previous
natural hydraulic gradient and higher groundwater levels which were present prior to installation
of the drain.
As this mitigation site has been ditched in the past to allow its use for agricultural
production, the groundwater level has been lowered; however, filling the ditches should restore
the previous higher groundwater levels. Once groundwater levels have been restored, periods of
low rainfall are not expected to drastically impact those water levels since the hydraulic
conductivity and hydraulic gradient (and hence, groundwater velocity) are so low.
Blocking ditches on the western edge of the property may adversely impact developed -QC" -
areas to the west. This issue is addressed in the mitigation plan, and re-routing drainage to the O
major canal system alongside the main road is proposed. Also, the major canal on the north side - -Z- -,p--
of the property will not be backfilled since it provides the necessary drainage for the undivided
'
highway. Both of these perimeter ditches are situated in topographically low areas and hold wat
continuously. Given the good existing and future hydrological connection with Buckskin Creek
to the west, these ditches would be expected to experience tidal water level fluctuations as well.
During high water table conditions, minimal groundwater may be lost to the ditches. Since the '
maximum post-mitigation surface elevation is only about 1.6 feet and water levels will not drop
much below mean sea level (0 feet) in the ditches; because of the low hydraulic conductivity of
the soil (K; approximately 0.1 foot / day); because very low hydraulic gradient (dh/dl,
approximately 0.6 foot/700 feet) exist; there should be no adverse impact on water levels adjacent ,
to the ditches (zone of influence). The water table should be within one foot of the surface during
0
high water table conditions, except directly under the proposed berms. During low water table 6
'
conditions, these ditches would actually provide water to the aquifer underlying the site. As part
of the monitoring plan for the site, new observation wells are proposed within 50 feet of each of m`6-
the two remaining ditches which border the mitigation site.
5.1.8 Available Water
Given the current hydrologic conditions of the agricultural fields at the Tucker Farm site,
insufficient water is available to sustain wetland hydrology. This is evidenced by groundwater
levels which ranged up to about 1.8 feet below ground surface in June 1995. The proposed
mitigation area has been certified to be a prior converted wetland by the CFSA. Wetland areas
have been identified adjacent to the proposed mitigation site. The mitigation plan proposes to fill
the existing drainage ditches at the site with the low permeability native soil materials. Filling the
ditches should have the effect of elevating the groundwater table to the level that existed when the
area was a wetland, and to inhibit infiltration losses. Also, earthen berms are planned to inhibit
surface water runoff from the site.
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Table 3 summarizes the water budget for pre-mitigation and post-mitigation conditions.
After the mitigation plan is implemented, the total available water for the proposed mitigation area
is equal to precipitation less losses from evapotranspiration. The wetland will be supplied with
approximately 47.93 inches of water per year over the mitigation area from precipitation based on
a 28-year average of annual precipitation data. Approximately 35.07 inches of water will be lost
per year due to evapotranspiration over the mitigation site. Assuming that no water will be lost
due to infiltration with the raising of the groundwater table, and that there will be no losses due to
runoff, an annual net gain of 12.86 inches of water could be available to the proposed mitigation
area. In the event of an unusually low rainfall year, such as 1976, there would still be in excess of
1.00 inch available. Therefore, enough water should be available to the site for the restoration of
wetland hydrology after mitigation.
5.2 Summary of the Water Budget Findings
Based on this study, the following conclusions are provided:
The principal existing and future source of water for the site is precipitation; during low
water table conditions, the ditches in the low lying areas which are hydrologically
connected to Buckskin Creek and which hold water continuously are also a water source.
2. Current water losses from the site include evapotranspiration, infiltration, surface runoff
losses, and groundwater outflow to the agricultural field ditches.
3. The water budget analysis assumes steady state groundwater flow conditions such that
groundwater inflow and outflow are approximately equal, and that all other inflows and
outflows determine water availability for the mitigation site. Historical water level
information is necessary to assess water level fluctuations and changes in groundwater
flow conditions.
4. Insufficient water is currently available to the mitigation site due to the alteration of
hydrology of the site by agricultural ditches. These ditches cause significant water losses
from the site due to surface water drainage and groundwater outflow.
5. Due to the existing hydric soils and elevations, the classification of the area as a prior
converted wetland by the CFSA, and the existence of wetlands in proximity to the
mitigation site, restoring the topography of the site by filling the existing farm field ditches
with low permeability soils and placement of a perimeter berm will elevate the
groundwater table and reduce infiltration, surface runoff, and groundwater outflow losses;
this should restore wetland hydrology and precipitation should be an adequate source.
6. Due to the nearly level existing topography of the mitigation site and the minimal slopes in
the existing agricultural drainage ditches, the drainage ditch on the western edge of the
property will be left open. Re-routed drainage and strategically placed berms should allow
restoration without adverse impacts.
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7. The ditches to be left open at the western and northern borders of the mitigation site are
' not expected to adversely impact groundwater levels in those areas of the mitigation site.
This is because maximum post-mitigation surface elevations approach only about 1.6 feet
and water levels in the ditches will generally remain at about 0 feet, yielding a very low
hydraulic gradient in low hydraulically conductive soil. No adverse impacts to the
mitigation site are expected from the proposed NC 168 Highway Widening Project on the
north side of the site. Observation wells will be placed in proximity to the ditches to
' confirm that wetland hydrology will be maintained in these areas.

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6.0 MITIGATION PLAN
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' The NC 168 widening project (TIP Project R-2228) from Barco to the Virginia State Line
in Currituck County, North Carolina will impact 21.67 acres of palustrine forest wetland and 2.36
acres of marsh.
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Section A of this project will impact 13.08 acres of forested wet
of red maple/sweetgum forest, 2.17 acres of oak dominant forest, and 8.14 acres of pine forest.
'
In order to mitigate for the unavoidable impacts to 13.08 acres of palustrine forest wetland
along Section A of the project corridor, the NCDOT proposes to restore the 25.1 acres of PC
8
2
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' .
preserve
agricultural fields on this property to forested wetland. In addition, the NCDOT w
acres of existing swamp forest and 8.7 acres of timbered wetland for a total of 11.5 acres of
' preserved wetland.
6.2 Existing Conditions
' The project study area is located approximately 3,800 feet east of the community of Sligo,
North Carolina on the south side of NC 168 (Figure 1). The site is located within the extreme
northeastern Coastal Plain physiographic province of North Carolina. The Tucker Farm lies
' northeast of Buckskin Creek, a tributary of Cowells Creek which flows northward into Tull Creek
and eventually into Tull Bay, at the northern end of Currituck Sound.
A recent land survey of the Tucker Farm defines it as having 68.3 acres (Figure 3,
Appendix K). The mitigation site is located in the western portion of the property and consists of
48.1 acres. The mitigation site includes 25.1 acres of farm field, of which approximately 2.0 acres
are existing internal roads; 11.5 acres of jurisdictional wetlands, of which 8.7 acres are timbered
forested wetlands; and 2.8 acres are swamp forest; and 11.5 acres of timbered upland area (Figure
' 7).
The property is essentially flat with the natural topography on the tract ranging from 0.3
feet below to 3.1 feet above mean sea level (msl). Approximately two-thirds of the property has
experienced agricultural activities, including man-made ditches with a total length of
approximately 9,400 linear feet. There is also an existing drainage ditch along NC 168 on the
north side of the property. The remaining portion of the property has been timbered within the
past five years. Figure 2 shows the existing site conditions.
6.3 Reference Ecosystem
The Reference Ecosystem for the proposed Tucker Farm mitigation site has been
established at the Ballance Farm mitigation site, located on State Route 1232 (Poyner Road) 2.1
miles north of Sligo (Figure 7a). This site was selected because of its location within the same
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watershed (Tull Creek/Pasquotank River), its similar topography and geomorphic setting, and the
presence of the same soil type as the proposed mitigation site (Figure 5). Soils were generally
field verified by Resource.
This Reference Ecosystem includes a north-south aligned forested wetland strip (Wetland
Area F) which is dominated by Roanoke fine sandy loam, as well as vegetation and hydrology
typically associated with similar forested wetlands in this geomorphic setting.
According to the Soil Survey for Currituck County (USDA-SCS, 1982) now CFSA, soils
in the Reference Ecosystem are Roanoke fine sandy loam. Roanoke soils are also found
throughout much of the Tucker Farm. They are described as nearly level, poorly drained soils on
broad flats and in slightly depressed drainage ways. The surface layer contains fine sandy loam
approximately 8 inches thick over a subsoil of silty clay loam or sandy clay loam to depths of
approximately 45 inches. The underlying material consists of sand to a depth of approximately 80
inches. Permeability is slow, the seasonal high water table is at or near the surface, and the soil is
frequently flooded for brief periods. Roanoke fine sandy is listed on the local hydric soils list
(June 1991) and the national hydric soils list (June 1991).
Resource reviewed the forested wetlands on the Ballance Farm mitigation site on
September 26-28, 1995 as part of a natural communities assessment. The Reference Ecosystem
comprises approximately 16 acres of the 430 acre Ballance Farm. The vegetation in this area
consists of red maple, loblolly pine, devil's walking stick (Aralia spinosa), giant cane, inkberry (Ilex glahra), witch hazel (Hamamelis virginiana), blackberry, and common greenbrier. In the z7,
southern end of the strip, groundsel bush (Baccharis halmifolia), wax myrtle, woolgrass, dog
fennel, cattails, ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) and soft rush.
The Reference Ecosystem exhibited hydrology patterns typically associated with other
forested wetlands. One observation well (BW-12) was installed in the Reference Ecosystem .
According to water elevation data collected by Resource personnel on December 4 and 7, 1995,
for this observation well, the depths to groundwater below the existing ground surface was 2.45
feet. Four additional observation wells (BW-7,9,11, and 20) were installed within other forested
wetland areas which had similar vegetation, on the Ballance Farm. Water levels in these wells
were 2.45 feet, 0.16 feet, 0.18 feet, 0.35 feet, and 0.42 feet, respectively. Overall, the average
depth to groundwater below the existing ground surface for the forested wetlands on the Ballance
Farm Site was 0.54 feet.
Resource has also identified the existing swamp forest wetland area on the Tucker Farm as
an additional Reference Ecosystem based upon vegetation, hydrology, and proximity to mitigation
site. Resource reviewed this wetland area between May 15 and May 18, 1995 as part of a natural
communities assessment. The swamp forest comprises 2.8 acres between a timbered area and
Buckskin Creek. The extent of swamp forest outside the property bounds was not determined.
This wetland community is found throughout the Coastal Plain along rivers and streams as well as
r within very poorly drained flat areas with high water tables. The swamp forest has distinctive
layers of vegetation from canopy to emergent aquatic vegetation. The canopy is dominated by
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Mitigation Plan
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swamp tupelo, bald cypress, loblolly pine, green ash, and sweet gum. The understory consists of
young sweet gum, red maple, red bay, and sweet bay. The shrub layer is dominated by wax
' myrtle, highbush blueberry, coastal pepperbush, and hazel alder. The herbaceous layer varied
with the amount of sunlight reaching the forest floor and the degree of inundation, and contained
royal fern, southern lady fern, lizard's tail, laurel leaf greenbrier, and pennywort. Wetter areas
contained arrowhead, water plantain, various sedges, peat moss, and pondweed. Many of the less
water- tolerant species such as the loblolly pine, wax myrtle, and the ferns occurred on the small
' hummocks throughout the swamp forest.
The swamp forest area exhibited hydrology patterns typically associated with other swamp
' forest wetlands. Most of this community had standing water several inches deep over very soft
mucky soils. The swamp forest receives runoff and drainage from the adjacent fields which are

' ditched, as well as from occasional creek flooding. Scattered throughout the swamp were
her elevation (hummocks) created by larger trees and accumulation of
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vegetative matter. One observation well (TW-4) was installed just outside of this area in the PC

' field. According to water elevation data collected by Resource personnel on May 17 and June 8,
1995 for this observation well, the depth to water below existing ground surface (2.04 feet above
mean sea level) ranged from 0.31 to 0.94 feet.
' 6.4 Discussion of Hydrological Modifications
As reported in the Water Budget (Section 5.1.2), the site will have sufficient water to
' sustain wetland hydrology for restoration of the forested wetland proposed for the site, if
infiltration and runoff of precipitation can be restricted. Approximately 25.1 acres of the property
' are designated as prior converted wetland by the Consolidated Farm Services Agency (CFSA).
d their wetland
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Areas that are prior converted wetland contain hy
hydrology altered resulting in a loss of wetland habitat. The property has a series of drainage
' ditches that were excavated to lower the groundwater levels, allowing cultivation of the site.
In order to restore wetland hydrology, restrict infiltration losses and surface runoff of
' precipitation, it is proposed to remove the field crowns and use these low permeability Roanoke
soils to block the existing farm ditches on-site. The soils have laboratory-tested sufficiently low
permeabilities to allow their use in effectively blocking the existing drainage ditches on-site.
Based upon the Water Budget analysis, blocking the ditches should cause the groundwater levels
to return to the approximate levels that existed when the site was a wetland.
' The site would be further enhanced as depicted in the mitigation plan, Figures 8 through
13, by installing earthen berms adjacent to the lower areas of the site and the adjacent residential
development. These berms would prevent any flooding of the adjacent residential areas while
preventing runoff from rainfall events from leaving the site. The site's low permeability soils
would also be used for berm construction. Sufficient on-site soil is available for berm
' construction.

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1
An existing drainage ditch from the southwestern corner of the site will be rerouted to the
' ditch adjacent to State Route 168. Rerouting of the drainage from this area will allow the filling
of the remainder of the site's drainage ditches without offsite impacts.
' The filling of the site's drainage ditches, lowering of the higher portions of the site for soil
for ditch filling, the construction of berms and rerouting of ditches, is expected to restore the site's
original hydrology by eliminating surface water runoff and infiltration losses. The berms and
' rerouting of ditches would also prevent impacts to offsite areas caused by additional water stored
on the site or blocking drainage from adjacent areas.
' 6.5 Restoration of PC Fields
In order to restore the PC fields to wetlands, the existing farm ditches will be filled, berms
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built, and site access provided. The existing low permeability on-site materials (Roano
sandy loam) will be utilized to fill the ditches and build the berms. Laboratory measured soil
permeabilities at the site are in the range of 9x10'6 to 1x10-6 cm/sec; therefore, this soil is suitable
' for filling the ditches in the PC fields (this permeability is considered very low and would, for
example, be suitable for the construction of dam cores and landfill caps). Normal practice for the
construction of agricultural drainage ditches is to place the soils excavated from the ditches over
' the field to raise the surface elevations. Over years of cultivation, the soils are tilled in and the
fields have areas between the ditches slightly higher in elevation. It is proposed to grade the PC
fields to an elevation that will allow filling of the ditches with soils from the higher areas between
the ditches and to supply soils for required roads and berms. It is proposed that the area would
have a final elevation of approximately 1.7 above mean sea level after restoration operations are
' complete. The significance of the existing field crowns or any existing plow pan (not observed in
the soil borings) would be diminished with grading. The final elevation of the restored PC fields
will be at the elevation required to fill the ditches, to lower the higher areas between the filled
' ditches, and to supply the required soils for road and berm construction. A conceptual grading
plan for the mitigation site is presented on Figures 8 through 13 and details associated with the
restoration construction are presented on Figure 15.
'
In addition to the grading activities associated with filling the ditches in the PC fields, a
new entrance road, perimeter berms adjacent to north and east property lines, and rerouting of
' some drainage will be required. A new entrance to the site from NC 168 has already been
constructed. A new access road will need to be constructed from this entrance for monitoring and
maintenance of the site. The access road will follow along the western property boundary and
' will be constructed so that it will also function as a berm to prevent runoff and prevent impacts to
the adjacent residences. Soil materials for the road will be excavated from the PC field areas. A

' ditch that flows from the northwest corner of the site would be rerouted to the drainage ditch
roposed road and the western property
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line. Rerouting of the ditch will allow the filling of the remainder of the ditches in the PC fields
' without adversely effecting the offsite drainage for adjacent properties.

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The ditch along the north property line will remain and continue to provide drainage for
the new undivided highway which will be constructed. Berms will be constructed along the north
property line to prevent surface runoff into the drainage ditch. A berm will also be constructed
along the eastern property line to prevent runoff into the existing drainage ditch. Soil materials
for the berms will also be excavated from the PC field area. The existing ditch along the eastern
property line will be rerouted so that it flows into the swamp forest area. Due to the low
permeability of the soils and lack of topographic relief across the site, the presence of the drainage
ditches is not expected to adversely impact groundwater levels in the mitigation area.
Prior to restoration activities, implementation plans will be prepared. The plans will
include requirements for final site preparation such as as-built survey prior to any plantings,
additional soil testing to determine nutrient requirements, compaction criteria, final site
preparation, sequencing of construction, erosion and sedimentation control measures and further
evaluations of the soil stratum or site necessary to ensure a successful wetland restoration project.
6.6 Reforestation
An erosion control plan will be implemented as necessary during construction, in
accordance with NCDOT policy. Once all grading and land disturbance in the agricultural fields
are complete, all disturbed areas within the mitigation site (excluding constructed berms) should
be seeded with a wetland/wildlife grass mixture to be determined by the NCDOT at
implementation. Based upon the Water Budget estimate of available water in post mitigation, the
site should have sufficient water available to support the selected species.
Tree species to be planted in these areas (dependent upon availability) will be selected
based on flooding tolerance and wildlife value. A minimum of six tree species will be planted
according to zone tolerance. In areas that will be the least flooded due to elevation and depth to
groundwater (zone F1), species to be planted may include: water oak (Quercus nigra), tulip
poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera), cherry bark oak (Quercus pagodaefolia), and swamp chestnut
oak (Quercus michauxii). In areas that are more flooded due to slightly lower elevation (zone F2)
may include willow oak ( Quercusphellos), and laurel oak (Quercus laurifolia). In lowlying areas
that are the most frequently flooded (zone F3) species to be planted may include overcup oak
(Quercus lyrata), tupelo gum (Nyssa aquatica), and green ash with bald cypress in the wettest
areas. Although red maple and sweet gum are dominant species in both the area of wetland
impact on the NC 168 project and Reference Ecosystem, these species have not been proposed in
this mitigation plan due to their likelihood of natural colonization of the mitigation area.
A minimum of six tree species will be planted on the mitigation site with no more than
20% of any one species. The trees will be planted at 680 stems per acre with eight foot by eight
foot spacing. The NCDOT will attempt to use local sources of plant material to the practical
extent possible. Fertilizer and/or lime may be used if necessary. Fertility sampling of soils has not
been performed at this time, but will be included at the final design stage and/or prior to planting.
A proposed planting scheme for reforestation of the site is presented in Figure 14.
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Final planting scheme, planting methodology and timing, exact plant species and plant
source will be included in the implementation plan to be prepared by NCDOT.
6.7 Monitoring Plan
Prior to planting, the mitigation site will be inspected for proper elevation and suitability of
soils. Availability of acceptable, good quality plant species will be determined. During the
planting time, proper planting methods will be monitored including spacing and species
composition.
After planting is complete, an as-built report will be submitted to the USACOE within 90
days of mitigation site completion. This report should include information such as elevations,
vegetative plantings, sample plot locations, and well locations.
Twelve 0.05-acre vegetation monitoring plots will be randomly determined within the PC
portion of the mitigation site using standard statistical ecological methods. These plots will be
located to represent the areas of the site that will be planted with hardwood trees. For each plot,
species composition, species abundance and aerial coverage will be reported. If undesirable or
nuisance species appear to be threatening the success of the planted species, the NCDOT will
implement the appropriate corrective measure(s) to remedy this situation. The plots will be
sampled during August/September of each growing season for at least three years following
planting. Sampling will consist of identifying and counting all living trees in the plots.
Success of the mitigation site is dependent on groundwater levels occurring at depths
concluded in the water budget analysis and in accordance to COE guidelines. Reference
Ecosystem wells and newly proposed observation wells (constructed in accordance with COE
guidelines) will be monitored on a schedule which will be sufficient to document water levels and
water level fluctuations in response to tides; there will be continuous monitoring at an appropriate
frequency in selected wells. Water level data measurements will be submitted with the annual
sample plot data. In addition, a precipitation gauge will be maintained and monitored at the site
to aid in correlating rainfall with groundwater levels.
The project will be considered successful if the hydrology on-site is similar to that of the
' Reference Ecosystem. Also, success will be determined if at least 320 trees per acre survive for at
least three years. If at any point during the monitoring process the number of stems per acre
drops below 320, the NCDOT will take appropriate corrective actions. The NCDOT has
' developed a conceptual monitoring plan to ensure the success of this proposed mitigation effort.
The guidelines for this effort are listed below.
' I. Monitoring Time-Frame: The mitigation site will be inspected at the following
times:
' A. Prior to planting
B. At completion of planting

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C. During each growing season until success criteria, as stated above, has
been met.
II. Data to be Obtained at Specific Inspection Times:
A. Prior to planting:
1. Conduct quality control check in grading plan.
2. Check for proper plant species, as listed above, and for acceptable
plant quality.
B. Completion of planting:
1. Check for proper planting methods.
2. Check for proper plant spacing.
3. Check for proper species composition.
4. Present to the USACOE and/or other appropriate permitting
agency an as-built plan of the area, including final elevations,
species composition and abundance, observation well locations (if
applicable), and sample plot locations.
C. During each growing season until success criteria, as stated above, has
been met:
1. Determine the number of stems per acre
2. Take photographs
3. Submit monitoring information to the USACOE and/or other
permitting agencies.
III. Evaluation and Recourse Action/Contingency Plan
A. Acceptable survival rate of 50% and aerial coverage of at least 50% at each
post-planting monitoring event - no action.
Below acceptable survival rate at any monitoring event (recourse options):
1. Replant the site (supplemental or complete).
2. Minor regrading.
3. Discuss further corrective measures with environmental review
agencies.
4. Re-evaluate site feasibility.
B. Adequate hydrological conditions (soil saturation to within 12 inches of the
surface for at least 12% of the growing season) - no action.
Inadequate hydrological conditions (recourse options):
1. Minor regrading.
2. Discuss further corrective measures with environmental review
agencies
3. Re-evaluate site feasibility.
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6.8 Dispensation
The NCDOT will construct, implement and monitor this site for success. The property
will be retained as NCDOT Right-of-Way unless a suitable agency or organization can be
identified to manage the site in perpetuity.
6.9 Mitigation Credits
It is proposed that mitigation ratios for this project be in accordance with the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency's (US EPA) Mitigation Guidance with the following ratios:
Restoration 2 : 1
Preservation
Swamp Forest 10:1
Timbered Wetlands 15:1
For the Tucker Farm mitigation site, the following acreages and credits should apply:
Tucker Farm Credits
Restoration 25.1 acres (PC field) 12.55
Preservation 2.8 acres (Swamp Forest) 0.28
8.7 acres (Timbered Wetlands) 0.58
Total Mitigation Credits 13.41
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7.0 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
' The NC 168 widening project (R-2228A) will impact 13.08 acres of palustrine forested
wetland along the project corridor. The NCDOT proposes to mitigate for these impacts by
restoring and preserving wetlands on a 48.1 acre portion of the Tucker Farm site located along
' NC 168 near Sligo. Based upon the information developed in this study the following conclusions
are presented:
' 1. The Tucker Farm mitigation site consists of 48.1 acres in the western portion of the
Tucker Farm property. The mitigation site includes 25.1 acres of farm field, of which
approximately 2.0 acres are existing internal roads; 11.5 acres of jurisdictional wetlands,
' of which 8.7 acres are timbered forested wetlands, and 2.8 acres are swamp forest; and
11.5 acres of timbered upland area (Figure 7).
' 2. Insufficient water is currently available to the mitigation site due to the alteration of
hydrology of the site by agricultural ditches. These ditches cause significant water losses
' from the site.
3. Due to the existence of hydrlc soils on the site and the proximity of existing wetlands at
similar elevations, the hydrology changes which occurred due to ditching of the fields can
be reversed by blocking the existing drainage ditches, thereby elevating the groundwater
table to levels which will prevent or significantly reduce infiltration losses in the mitigation
t area. Additionally, the 25.1 acre farm field has been designated as a prior converted
wetland by the CFSA.
' 4. Drainage ditches on the northern and western sides of the property may not be blocked
due to potential offsite impacts; strategically placed berms will serve to minimize impacts
to the mitigation site by leaving these ditches in place. Should monitoring wells indicate a
' zone of influence following construction, remedial actions will be initiated.
5. If the groundwater table is elevated to its original level after the proposed ditch blockages
' and surface water runoff and groundwater outflow losses are minimized, precipitation
should be sufficient to supply needed water to restore wetland hydrology.
' 6. The low permeability Roanoke soils on-site are suitable to construct the hydrological
modification necessary to restore wetland hydrology to the site (including filling ditches

1 and minor berm construction).
7. Following grading and hydrological modifications, the site can be planted with appropriate
vegetation to restore forested wetlands with functions similar to the Reference Ecosystem,
' which may include flood storage and wildlife habitat.

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S. Using the US EPA's guidelines for mitigation credits, a total of 13.41 acres of mitigation
credits can be obtained by the proposed mitigation project on the Tucker Farm site, 12.55
acres by restoration and 0.86 acres by preservation.
It is recommended that the proposed mitigation plan be approved and that an
implementation plan be initiated by the NCDOT.
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8.0 LIST OF PREPARERS
JOHN L. COMBS, P.E., Principal-in-Charge (B.S., U.S. Military Academy, 1967; M.S., Civil
Environmental Engineering, University of Virginia, 1972; M.B.A., work toward degree,
University of Richmond, 1975-79): Mr. Combs has over 20 years of combined management and
environmental experience. Since 1979, Mr. Combs, co-founder and Vice President of Resource
International, Ltd., has served as the Principal-in-Charge of environmental projects, ensuring
both dedicated resources of the firm and quality assurance of deliverables. Mr. Combs' areas of
expertise include commercial and industrial land use planning and development; municipal and
industrial water and wastewater treatment plant/process design; water, wastewater and storm
water transport systems; water resources management and planning; construction management;
resource recovery; solid and hazardous waste management; sanitary landfill design; environment
impact assessments.
FRANK PRICE, P.E., R.L.S., Project Manager (B.S.C.E., Civil Engineering, North Carolina
State College, 1969, M.S.C.E., Civil Engineering, North Carolina State University, 1969,
Certificate in Planning, Georgia Tech, 1964; Certificate in AASHTO Management, University of
Mississippi, 1987): Mr. Price has over 34 years of engineering, planning and management
experience, and over 30 years of experience with the NCDOT as a project engineer, unit head,
program manager and engineering manager. He has served as project planning engineer on
numerous highway projects throughout North Carolina. Mr. Price has managed the planning and
environmental development of transportation projects for Resource, NCDOT, and other private
consulting firms.
ANDREA M. WARFIELD, Program Manager (BS, Education, Mansfield University, BS,
Biology, Mansfield University, Minor, Chemistry and Mathematics, Mansfield): Ms. Warfield
has had sixteen years of combined management and operations experience with responsibilities
including hiring, training, supervising personnel, policy formulation and implementation; budget
development and execution; and company operations. She has demonstrated excellent technical
ability and superior problem solving skills in the management of large task order contracts. She
has served on numerous steering and task force committees in Virginia, North Carolina and
Maryland, providing guidance for the successful implementation of public participation
programs designed to inform and support alternative impact studies.
STEPHEN G. WERNER, P.G., Senior Project Geologist (B.S., Geology, Campbell
University, 1969, Post Baccalaureate Studies, Civil Engineering, Geological Sciences, Virginia
Polytechnic Institute; Waste Management Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University): Mr.
Werner has over 22 years of geological, geotechnical and environmental compliance experience.
He has provided oversight on Superfund-RCRA related remediation projects and other soil and
groundwater contamination projects. Mr. Werner has performed services on over 40 landfill
sites including hazardous and solid waste facilities.
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W. HAL POWE, P.G., Senior Geologist (B.A., Geology, University of South Florida, 1975;
M.S., Geology, Texas Tech University, 1977, M.S., Hydrology, University of Idaho, 1994): Mr.
Powe has 15 years of experience and has been responsible for assisting in the development of
conceptual mitigation strategies based upon findings of water budget analyses and leading soil
and groundwater investigation field efforts. He determines the number and locations of
piezometers, observation wells, infiltration tests, exploratory borings, and surface water
elevation stakes. He also selects soil sampling sites for geotechnical analyses and evaluated
laboratory results. Mr Powe performs hydrological conceptualization of sites based upon field
investigations and observations and constructs groundwater contour maps and geologic cross-
sections to illustrate hydrogeological conditions.
DAVID L. DAVIS, Project Scientist (B.S., Biology, College of William & Mary, 1989, Course
Work in Coastal Botany & Wetland Ecology, Virginia Institute of Marine Science, 1989; OSHA
Certified in Hazardous Waste, Health and Safety): Mr. Davis has extensive experience in
environmental laws and regulations specializing in Sections 401 and 404 (Clean Water Act),
Erosion and Sediment Control, stormwater management, and NEPA. Mr. Davis has over five
years of field experience and skills in wetland delineation and mitigation design. He has
conducted numerous endangered species surveys in North Carolina and Virginia focusing on
species such as the small whorled pogonia, swamp pink, dwarf-flowered heartleaf and Virginia
spirea.
KATHRYN F. CIRII.IS, Staff Scientist (B.S., Marine Science, University of South Carolina,
1992; M.S., Coastal Zone Management, Florida Institute of Technology, 1994): Ms. Cirilis has
experience in conducting research and field work for identifying wetland mitigation sites as well
as conducting wetland delineations and biological surveys. In addition, Ms. Cirilis has
experience in conducting record searches, interviews, and field inspections for the completion of
Phase I Environmental Site Assessments.
MICHELLE L. MOODY, Staff Biologist (B.S., Forestry and Wildlife Management, Virginia
Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1995, OSHA Certified in Hazardous Waste, Health
and Safety, 1995): Ms. Moody has experience in the collection and analysis of data for wetland
delineations and monitoring of existing wetland mitigation sites. She has experience in
environmental laws and regulations, specializing in Section 404, Clean Water Act. She also has
field experience and skills in wetland delineation, plant, mammal, and avian taxonomy. She has
also conducted studies on endangered species.
LYNN M. STEMMY, Staff Scientist (B.S., Biology, University of Maryland, 1990; M.S.,
Marine Biology, University of North Carolina at Wilmington, 1995): Ms. Stemmy has
extensive experience with environmental and biological sciences including wetlands and aquatic
ecology. She has field experience in wetland delineation, identification and investigation of
mitigation sites, and mitigation design. She has conducted Phase I Environmental Site
Assessments including records reviews, interviews, and site inspections. During her graduate
work Ms. Stemmy conducted research on coastal wetland ecology. She has presented her
research at an international scientific meeting and her work is being published in an ecological
journal.
Tucker Fanm
Mitigation Plan
tucknnit.m07 32
April 1, 1996

' J. PATRICK DAVIS, Staff Geologist (B.S., Geography, Radford University, 1990): Mr. Davis
has extensive experience in gathering geologic and hydrologic data. He has completed
' numerous projects involving soil sampling, surface water sampling, and groundwater
monitoring. Mr. Davis has considerable skill in logging and collecting samples during drilling
operations and in the design, installation, and sampling of groundwater and soil vapor
' monitoring wells. He has participated in geophysical (electromagnetic) surveys. Mr. Davis has
extensive experience with data reduction and analyses; producing computer generated maps and
reports. In addition, Mr. Davis has operational experience with geographic information systems
' (G.I.S.).
MARGIT W. RAY, Senior Geologist (AA, Liberal Arts, Peace College, 1980, BS, Geology,
' College of William and Mary, 1982; MS, Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, 1989,
OSHA Certified in Hazardous Waste, Health and Safety): Ms. Ray has combined experience in
the fields of geology and environmental biology, and experience in the development and
' interpretation of analytical programs and results. This experience includes skills in wetland
delineation and assisting with mitigation design. During her graduate training, Ms. Ray
conducted research on coastal wetlands and wetland hydrology.
'
DAVE E. TAYLOR, Project Task Manager (A.S., Civil & Highway Engineering Technology,

' Virginia Commonwealth University, 1969): Mr. Taylor has extensive experience in design
and construction administration for wetland mitigation projects including
project management
,
hydrology analyses, earthwork analyses, cost estimating, analysis of alternatives, impact

' analyses and report preparation. Mr. Taylor has also managed the assignment and scheduling of
personnel for wetland mitigation projects, along with management of graphics preparation and
monitoring of project schedules and budgets. Mr. Taylor's experience includes several wetland

1 mitigation site search, feasibility study, and aerial design projects in North Carolina.
PAUL F. HINSON, P.E., Project Engineer (B.S., Civil Engineering, Old Dominion University,
1988; OSHA Certified in Hazardous Waste, Health and Safety-40 hours): Mr. Hinson has over
' six years of design experience in hydrology calculations and stormwater management for road
design, industrial, commercial, and residential development. Mr. Hinson has experience in
' preparing hydrological studies for evaluating watersheds, floodplains and water budget analysis
for wetland mitigation projects. He is knowledgeable in the use and capabilities of several
hydrology computer modelling programs including HEC-1, HEC-2, TR20, TR55, and other
' programs utilizing the SCS or Rational Methodology.
RANDALL C. CUMMINS, Party Chief (40-Hour OSHA Certified in Hazardous Waste,
' Health and Safety): Mr. Cummins has over 7 years of experience in all phases of court house
research and plat interpretation. He establishes and supervises field crew work effort for various
projects as necessary. His surveys include boundary/mortgage plats, strip utility surveys,
' topographic surveys, construction staking and property/base line retracement. His field survey
work has been accomplished through use of total station equipment.

I I

Tucker Farm
Mitigation Plan
tucktmit.m07
April 1, 1996 33

' MARK S. PARKER, Party Chief (40-Hour OSHA Certified in Hazardous Waste, Health and
Safety): Mr. Parker has over 5 years of experience in all phases of court house research and plat
' interpretation. He establishes and supervises field crew work effort for various projects as
necessary. His surveys include boundary/mortgage plats, strip utility surveys, topographic
surveys, construction staking and property/base line retracement. His field survey work has been
' accomplished through use of total station equipment.
JAMES C. PATTERSON, Party Chief: Mr. Patterson has over 25 years experience in
' surveying, including 10 years with the Virginia Department of Transportation. His vast
knowledge of surveying is a collection of statewide projects including boundary, topographic,
and utility surveys, as well as construction staking and slope staking. While employed with the
' Virginia Department of Transportation, Mr. Patterson worked extensively in western and
southwestern Virginia on boundary and route surveys. At Resource, he is responsible for
establishing and supervising field crew work effort for various projects.

' Tucker Farm
Mitigation Plan
tuckr nit.m0'7 34
' April 1, 1996

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11

9.0 REFERENCES
Blaney, H.F. and W.D. Criddle, 1950. Determining Water Requirements in Irrigated Areas From
Climatological and Irrigation Data, USDA-SCS, TP-96.
Burt, W.H. and R.P. Grossenheider. 1952. A Field Guide to Mammals. Houghton Mifflin
Publishing, Boston, Massachusetts.
Conant, R., and J.T. Collins. 1958. A Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians of Eastern and
Central North America. Houghton Mifflin Publishing, Boston, Massachusetts.
Cowardin, L.M., V. Carter, F.C. Golet and E.T. LaRoe. 1979. Classification of Wetlands and
Deepwater Habitats of the United States. Prepared for the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service,
United States Department of the Interior, Washington DC.
Delorit, R.J. 1970. An Illustrated Taxonomy Manual of Weed Seeds. Agronomy Publications,
River Falls, Wisconsin.
Environmental Laboratory. 1987. U. S. Army Corps of Engineers Wetlands Delineation Manual,
Technical Report Y-87-1. U. S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station,
Vicksburg, Mississippi.
Farrand, J., Jr. 1993. Audubon Society Guide to Animal Tracks of North America. Chanticleer
Press, New York, New York.
Newcomb, L. 1977. Newcomb's Wildflower Guide. Little, Brown and Company, Boston,
Massachusetts.
North Carolina Department of Environmental, Health, and Natural Resources. 1995. Guidance
for Rating the Values of Wetland in North Carolina, Fourth Version. Division of
Environmental Management, Raleigh, North Carolina.
North Carolina Department of Environmental, Health, and Natural Resources. 1995. Master
List of Inactive Hazardous Waste Sites Priority List in North Carolina; North Carolina
Department of Environment, Health and Natural Resources Division of Solid Waste
Management, February 1995.
North Carolina Department of Environmental, Health, and Natural Resources. 1995. Master
List of Solid Waste Facility Contacts; North Carolina Department of Environment,
Health and Natural Resources Division of Solid Waste Management, July 24, 1995.
Radford, A.E., H.E. Ahles and G.R. Bell. 1968. Manual of the Vascular Flora of the Carolinas.
The University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
Tucker Farm
Mitigation Plan
tuckimit.m07 3 5
April 1, 1996
' Resource Management Group, Inc. National List of Plant Species That Occur in Wetlands
Region 2 - Southeast. Resource Management Group, Inc., Grand Haven, Michigan.
Robbins, C. S., B. Bruun and H. S. Zim. 1966. A Guide to Field Identification of Birds of North
America. Western Publishing, Racine, Wisconsin.
' Robinson, Kenneth (NCDOT). 1993. Archaeological study, Widening of NC 168, Barco to
Virginia State Line, Currituck County.
' Schafale, M.P. and A.S. Weakley. 1990. Classification of the Natural Communities of North
Carolina Third Approximation. North Carolina Natural Heritage Program, Raleigh, North
' Carolina.
United States Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 1982. Soil Survey of
' Currituck County, North Carolina. North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station,
Raleigh, North Carolina.
' United States Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service, 1986. Urban Hydrology for
Small Watersheds, Soil Conservation Service, Second Edition, TR-55 Manual.
' United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), 1989. Handbook of Suggested Practices
for the Design and Installation of Ground-Water Monitoring Wells. EPA 600/4-89/034.
' National Water Well Association, Dublin, Ohio.
United States Environmental Protection Agency, 1995. Master List of North Carolina
' Sites on the Federal Superfund Sites List; United States Environmental Protection
Agency, August 1, 1995.
' United States Environmental Protection Agency, 1995. Master List of RCRA Treatment Storage
and Disposal Facilities and Generators in North Carolina; United States Environmental
Protection Agency, August 18, 1995.
' United States Environmental Protection Agency, 1995. Master List of RCRA Treatment Storage
and Disposal Facilities and Generators in North Carolina; United States Environmental
' Protection Agency, August 18, 1995.
United States Geological Survey (USGS), 1982. Currituck Quadrangle, Currituck, North
' Carolina 7.5 Minute Series Orthophotomap (Topographic).
Webster, W.D., J.F. Parnell, and W.C. Biggs. 1985. Mammals of the Carolinas, Virginia, and
' Maryland. The University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.

Tucker Farm
Mitigation Plan
tuckmlit.m07 3 6
April 1, 1996

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TABLES
RESO UR CE
SOUTHEAST, LTD.
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS
4915 WATERS EDGE DRIVE, SUITE 140 • RALEIGH, NC 27606
[phone] • FAX [phone]
TABLE 1
FEDERAL AND STATE THREATENED, ENDANGERED, AND CANDIDATE
SPECIES AND THEIR STATUS
CURRITUCK COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
Scientific Name Common Name Status
Federal/State Habitat Present
Amaranthus pumilus seabeach amaranth T/T No
Caretta caretta loggerhead turtle T/T No
Charadrius melodus piping plover T/T No
Chelonia mydas green sea turtle T/- No
Dermochelys coriacea leatherback sea turtle E/- No
Laterallus jamaicensis black rail C2/SR No
Lepidochelys Kempii Kemp's ridley sea turtle E/- No
Lilaeopis carolinensis Carolina grasswort -/T No
Picoides borealis red-cockaded
woodpecker E/E No
Sorex longirostris fisheri Dismal Swamp
southeastern shrew T/T Yes
Trichechus manatus manatee E/E No
Trillium pusillum var
virginianum Virginia least trillium C2/E No
NOTES:
"C2" denotes "Candidate 2" (a species under consideration for possible
listing but there is insufficient information to support listing).
"E" denotes Endangered (a species that is threatened with extinction
throughout all or a significant portion of its range).
"SR" denotes Significantly Rare (this designation indicates rarity and the need
for population monitoring and conservation action).
"T" denotes Threatened (a species that is likely to become an endangered
species within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion
of its range).

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Table 3. Water Budget Summary For Tucker Farm Site.
Drn_IUifinmfinn /Fvicfinn CnnrlitinnnI
Precipitation +47.9
Surface Runoff Gain +0
Tidal Influx - Ditches +some NQ
Evapotranspiration -35.1
Surface Runoff Loss -5.29*
Infiltration -some NQ
Groundwater Loss to Ditches -great (N
otal - reat insufficient
Pnst_Mitinatinn
Precipitation +47.9
Surface Runoff Gain +0
Tidal Influx - Ditches +some NQ
Evapotranspiration -35.1
Surface Runoff Loss -0
Infiltration -0
Groundwater Loss to Ditches -minimal NQ
otal +12.8 (approximately)
Note: Quantities given are in inches per year
NQ - not quantified
* Does not include increased runoff due to ditches

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FIGURES
RESO URCE
SOUTHEAST, LTD.
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS
4915 WATERS EDGE DRIVE, SUITE 140 • RALEIGH, NC 27606
[phone] • FAX [phone]
i
i
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i
U.S.G.S. CURRITUCK. N.C. QUADRANGLE
7.5 MINUTE SERIES
SCALE: V = 2000'
NOTE: ALL LOCATIONS ARE APPROXIMATE.
APPROXIMATE LOCATION OF
CURRITUCK COUNTY
FIGURE 1 Jmr`? SITE LOCATION MAP RESOURCE
NORTH CAROLINA SOUTHEAST, LTD.
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS & DESIGNERS
' TUCKER FARM MITIGATION SITE 4915 VA77M EDGE DRIVE o SIM 140 o RALBIG.K NC 27008
CURRITUCK COUNTY, N . C . (819) e51-9141 0 FAX (918) eat-3904
f
GENERAL NOTES:
' TOTAL SITE ACREAGE = 68.3 ACRES
_ STAGE RROUTE 168_ TOTAL PROPOSED MITIGATION SITE AREA = 48.1 ACRES

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a -
`
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.. • t M A?

TIMBERED AREA
I
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? gg
B
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?
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Y ?E
qq
(4Yd
?
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400,
RED'AREA
RESERVED

TOTAL ACREAGE OF RESERVED AREA = 20.2 ACRES
TOTAL ACREAGE OF AGRICULTURAL FIELD (PC) = 25.0 ACRES
TOPOGRAPHIC ELEVATION RANGE:
-0.34' TO 3.05' ABOVE MEAN SEA LEVEL
APPROXIMATE LINEAR FOOTAGE OF DITCHES = 9400 L.F.
AREA
NOTES:
1. BASE MAPPING PROVIDED BY NCDOT AND SUPPLEMENTED
WITH FIELD SURVEY OF JUNE 1995.
2. ALL ACREAGES AND DISTANCES ARE APPROXIMATE.
LEGEND
PROPERTY LINE (AFTER HIGHWAY IMPROVEMENTS)
EXISTING ROAD
- EXISTING RIGHT-OF-WAY
-•• ••• CREEK, STREAM. RIVER
•• - EXISTING DITCH
- .....- - EXISTING FENCE
-- EXISTING TOPOGRAPHIC CONTOUR
EXISTING TREELINE
9 TW-1 EXISTING OBSERVATION WELL
8 TR-1 EXISTING REFERENCE WELL
AGRICULTURAL FIELD
(PRIOR CONVERTED WETLANDS)
FIGURE 2
EXISTING SITE CONDITIONS MAP
TUCKER FARM MITIGATION SITE
CURRITUCK COUNTY, N. C.
DATE: 3-29-96 APPROXIMATE SCALE: 1" = 300'
RESOURCE
SOUTHEAST, LTD.
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS
4915 HATERS EDGE DRIVE o SLOW 140 o RAUMIX NC 27906
[phone] o FA% [phone]

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0
1

1
GENERAL NOTES:
----- -- ?- -? " TOTAL PROPOSED MITIGATION SITE AREA = 48.1 ACRES
_?- - STATE OUT =^ f TOTAL ACREAGE OF RESERVED AREA = 20.2 ACRES
TOTAL ACREAGE OF AGRICULTURAL FIELD (PC) - 25.0 ACRES
TOTAL MITIGATION SITE UPLAND AREA - i1.6 ACRES
TOTAL MITIGATION SITE WETLAND AREA = 14.3 ACRES
I. `INCLUDING: SWAMP FOREST = 2.8 ACRES
I I
TIMBERED WETLAND = 8.7 ACRES
AREA INCLUDED BY COE = 2.8 ACRES
I A TW-6
TOPOGRAPHIC ELEVATION RANGE.
B T.W-5 -0.34' TO 3.05' ABOVE MEAN SEA LEVEL
( APPROXIMATE LINEAR FOOTAGE OF DITCHES = 9400 L.F.
44
• ?.?
TIMBERED ARE*
+.+ v+++++ _? LEGEND
v v + v > PROPERTY LINE (AFTER HIGHWAY IM ROVEMENTS)
+ + + + EXISTING ROAD
- CREEK, STREAM, RIVER
.
EXISTING DTH
v + ..
». .+?'? " APPROXIMATE LIMITS OF WETLANDS AS
DELINEATED BY RESOURCE SOUTHEAST, LTD.
$ + + + r` + + + `? EXISTING TREELINE
6 TW-1 EXISTING OBSERVATION WELL
r . +
?mN ? `?•?----? "? ? ? AGRICULTURAL FIELD
` y (PRIOR CONVERTED WETLANDS)
8 TW-3 /
t, td
9TW-2 C + • v + + v v + + APPROXIMATE LIMITS OF WETLANDS
+ TIMBERED AREA
I v v v v v
+ + + + TIMBERED AREA
+ v v? v v + +
+
°n^a.:awns.....en,?M.t.:?.axixtx,•;t
•\,••••??•• ???"fir
RESERVED AREA
7-
OTW-1
NOTES:
i. BASE MAPPING PROVIDED BY NCDOT AND SUPPLEMENTED
WITH FIELD SURVEY OF JUNE 1995.
2. U.S. ARMY CORP OF ENGINEER SITE VISIT CONDUCTED
ON MAY 31, 1995.
3. JURISDICTIONAL WETLANDS DELINEATED BY RESOURCE
SOUTHEAST, LTD. BETWEEN MAY 15 AND MAY 18, 1995.
J
/
FIGURE 3
DELINEATED WETLAND MAP
TUCKER FARM MITIGATION SITE
CURRITUCK COUNTY, N.C.
DATE: 3-29-96 APPROXIMATE SCALE: i" = 300'

I
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1
?' PFO1C - PALUSTRINE FORESTED DECIDUOUS
6B SEASONALLY FLOODED
STATE ROUT- _.--- . _ ^ ,.? •,
PF06F - PALUSTRINE FORESTED DECIDUOUS
SEMIPERMANENTLY FLOODED
I NOTES:
I` I I 1 1. BASE MAPPING PROVIDED BY NCDOT.
i I 0 TW-6 2. WETLAND INFORMATION OBTAINED FROM THE NATIONAL
kf 0 TW-5 WETLANDS INVENTORY MAP, CURRITUCK, N. C.
BY THE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR,
j FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE.

1
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8 TW-3 1
8 TW-4 h
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LL

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PFO1C
JTW-1
_ ................. NATIONAL WETLANDS INVENTORY INDEX

LEGEND
PROPERTY LINE (AFTER HIGHWAY INPROVEWENTS)
EXISTING ROAD
-- --- CREEK, STREAM, RIVER
EXISTING DITCH
-Alp- '`- NATIONAL WETLAND INVENTORY BOUNDARY
EXISTING TREELINE
9 TW-i EXISTING OBSERVATION WELL
FIGURE 4
NATIONAL WETLANDS INVENTORY MAPPING
TUCKER FARM MITIGATION SITE
CURRITUCK COUNTY, N. C.
DATE: 3-29-96 APPROXIMATE SCALE: 1" = 300'

?._
?- NOTES:
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SOILS INDEX
At - AUGUSTA FINE SANDY LOAM
Po - PONZER MUCK
Ro - ROANOKE FINE SANDY LOAM
1. BASE MAPPING PROVIDED BY NCDOT AND SUPPLEMENTED
WITH FIELD SURVEY OF JUNE 1995.
2. SOIL INFORMATION OBTAINED FROM SOIL SURVEY OF
CURRITUCK COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA; BY THE
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, SOIL
CONSERVATION SERVICE IN COOPERATION WITH
NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL
RESOURCES AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT, NORTH
CAROLINA AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE,
NORTH CAROLINA AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION
SERVICE AND THE CURRITUCK COUNTY BOARD
OF COMMISSIONERS.
4. LOCATIONS OF APPROXIMATE SURFACE DRAINAGE
DIVIDES INFERRED FROM EXISTING TOPOGRAPHY.
LEGEND
PROPERTY LINE (AFTER HIGHWAY IMPROVEMENTS)
EXISTING ROAD
- EXISTING RIGHT-OF-WAY
- CREEK, STREAM, RIVER
EXISTING DITCH
EXISTING FENCE
••••••••• •••••••••••••••• APPROXIMATE LIMITS OF SOIL TYPES
APPROXIMATE SURFACE DRAINAGE DIVIDE
EXISTING TREELINE
• FIGURE 5
SOIL DISTRIBUTION AND
SURFACE DRAINAGE DIVIDES
TUCKER FARM MITIGATION SITE
CURRITUCK COUNTY, N. C.
DATE: 3-29-96 APPROXIMATE SCALE: 1" = 300'
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NOTES:
)
"w I I I . BASE MAPPING PROVIDED BY NCDOT AND SUPPLEMENTED
h, ` '`?r I N, WITH FIELD SURVEY OF JUNE 1995.
19 TW-6 2. GROUNDWATER CONTOURS COMPILED FROM WATER LEVELS
TR-2 TAKEN ON JUNE 7, 1995 AND FROM EXISTING
T-W-5 j GROUNDWATER TOPOGRAPHY.
GAOU WATER. 1 ELEV. = 1.65 1
?`'• ELEV. = 0.99 TP76 3. ELEVATIONS RELATIVE TO MEAN SEA LEVEL.
ru 4:
IV% `.
1 ?
9 TW-3
\ TR-i\ Ir
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TP-3
lo'-
1•
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• , `' t.,¢,A`"?U..,AhNA.,M.ll +M1AFu4Znw,{
?'ht

n 9 TW-4
GROUNDWATER
ELEV. = 0.85(
TP°4.

I

LEGEND
- - PROPERTY LINE (AFTER HIGHWAY IMPROVEMENTS)
EXISTING ROAD
EXISTING RIGHT-OF-WAY
-• CREEK, STREAM, RIVER
EXISTING DITCH
EXISTING FENCE
= - EXISTING TOPOGRAPHIC CONTOUR (ELEVATION = 2.0')
2 GROUNDWATER ELEVATION CONTOUR
- - - -2- - - - ESTIMATED GROUNDWATER ELEVATION CONTOUR
6 TW-1 EXISTING OBSERVATION WELL
8 TR-1 EXISTING REFERENCE WELL
9 TP-1 IN-SITU PERMEABILITY TEST BORING
EXISTING TREELINE
FIGURE 6
GROUNDWATER ELEVATION CONTOUR MAP
TUCKER FARM MITIGATION SITE
CURRITUCK COUNTY, N. C.
DATE: 3-29-96 APPROXIMATE SCALE: 1" = 300'
TW-2
GROUNDWATER
ELEV. = 1.91
TP-2
g TW-1
GROUNDWATER
ELEV. - 1.98
TP-1

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RESERVED AREA
. ....................
.. ...... ........ ..
..• ................'.. r
ti.

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POTENTIAL WETLAND MITIGATION CREDITS
DESCRIPTION AREA CREDITS
APPROXIMATE LIMITS OF 11.5 ACRES N/A
SURVEYED WETLANDS
PRESERVED WETLANDS
TIMBERED WETLANDS 8.7 ACRES 0.58
SWAMP FOREST 2.8 ACRES 0.28
RESTORED WETLANDS 25 ACRES 12.5
TOTAL 13.36
GENERAL NOTES:
1. BASE MAPPING PROVIDED BY NCDOT AND SUPPLEMENTED
WITH FIELD SURVEY OF JUNE 1995.
2. ALL IDENTIFIED EROSION AND SEDIMENTATION CONTROL
DEVICES ARE TO BE INSTALLED AS THE FIRST PHASE
OF CONSTRUCTION.
3. ALL ONSITE DITCHES EXCEPT AS NOTED OR IN THE
EXISTING WETLAND AREAS ARE TO BE FILLED WITH
EXCAVATED ONSITE SOILS.
4. ALL INDICATED IMPROVEMENTS AND ELEVATIONS ARE
APPROXIMATED BASED UPON EXISTING MAPPING PROVIDED
BY NCDOT. SITE ELEVATIONS MUST BE FIELD VERIFIED
PRIOR TO BEGINNING CONSTRUCTION.
5. UPON APPROVAL OF THIS CONCEPTUAL GRADING PLAN,
FINAL CONSTRUCTION DRAWINGS WILL BE PREPARED
IN ACCORDANCE WITH ALL APPLICABLE REGULATIONS,
LEGEND
PROPERTY LINE (AFTER HIGHWAY DPROVEME
EXISTING ROAD
EXISTING RIGHT-OF-WAY
- CREEK, STREAM, RIVER
-- EXISTING DITCH
< ° -- - EXISTING FENCE
A- APPROXIMATE LIMITS OF WETLANDS
EXISTING TREELINE
LIMITS OF GRADING
----- PROPOSED DITCH
PROPOSED RESTORED WETLANDS
+ APPROXIMATE EXISTING WETLAND
AREAS THIS PROPERTY
FIGURE 7
OVERALL LAYOUT PLAN
TUCKER FARM MITIGATION SITE
CURRITUCK COUNTY, N.C.
DATE: 3-29-96 APPROXIMATE SCALE: V = 300'
RhiSOURCE
SOUTHEAST, LTD.
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS
4915 HATERS EDGE DRIVE o SUITE 140 o RALMOL NC 27808
[phone] 0 FAX [phone]
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,?,r,_ WB7BD.
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IN
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% ???? 429.7 +/- ACRES
WBE
' WBloD
BW7
WB5() A
021
B 27
091
p W20
4 B13iB a
LOS,
waidB
WB46B
DELINEATED WBA
LOCATION OF is
;WETLANDS
B?
T WB66B
WBB34
J WWBB 19
BYi 1 B
C
/rT 414 ?a,
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LEGEND
PROPERTY LINE BW11 WETLAND OBSERVATION WELL
- EDGE OF BODY OF WATER
EXISTING DITCH, DRAINAGE CHANNEL
EXISTING TREELINE
EXISTING TOPOGRAPHIC CONTOUR, IN FEET
COASTAL MARSH BOUNDARY CONFIRMED
BY THE NCDCM ON FEB. 6. 1996.
DELINEATED WETLAND BOUNDARY CONFIRMED
BY CORPS OF ENGINEERS ON FEB. 6. 1996.
WETLAND ZONE BOUNDARY
FORESTED WETLANDS
REFERENCE ECOSYSTEM _
FORESTED UPLAND Fs?

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7
4
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33
r
N
, N
N
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39 +/-< ACRES
xa D
t? ) t
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s
60' RIGHT-OF-WAY
FOR INGRESS/EGRESS
FIGURE 7A
REFERENCE ECOSYSTEM FOR
TUCKER FARM
BALLANCE FARM MITIGATION SITE
CURRITUCK COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
WB5
A NOTES:
1. AERIAL TOPOGRAPHIC INFORMATION BY:
JAMES H. BELL JR., P.C., DECEMBER 1995.
iBA DASHED CONTOUR MAY NOT MEET NATIONAL
" MAP ACCURACY STANDARDS. STANDARDS.
2. DELINEATED WETLANDS CONFIRMED BY THE
r, CORPS OF ENGINEERS ON FEBUARY 6, 1996.
DATE: 3-29-96 APPROXIMATE SCALE: I"=600'
mmr?
Ao" RESOURCE
? SOUTHEAST, LTD.
ENMONMENTAL CONSULTANTS
4916 WATERS EDGE DRIVE o SUITE 140 o RALEIGH, NC 27608
[phone] 0 FAX [phone]

0

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LEGEND
PROPERTY LINE(AFTER HIGHWAY IMPROVENEI
EXISTING ROAD
- _°°- EXISTING RIGHT-OF-WAY
-- CREEK, STREAM, RIVER
-... •••° - EXISTING DITCH
- EXISTING FENCE
- -'` - APPROXIMATE LIMITS OF WETLANDS
EXISTING TREELINE
LIMITS OF GRADING
PROPOSED CHANNEL
CE CONSTRUCTION ENTRANCE
LS LEVEL SPREADER
e TW-1 EXISTING OBSERVATION WELL
.+ + APPROXIMATE EXISTING WETLAND
AREAS THIS PROPERTY
PROPOSED RESTORED WETLANDS
NOTE:
1. LOCATION OF ENTRANCE IS APPROXIMATE AND MAY BE
RELOCATED IN THE FIELD.
FIGURE 9
PRELIMINARY GRADING PLAN - I
TUCKER FARM MITIGATION SITE
CURRITUCK COUNTY, N.C.
SHEET 1 OF 5
DATE: 3-29-96 APPROXIMATE SCALE: i" = 100'
RESOURCE
SOUTHEAST, LTD.
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS
4918 WATERS EDGE DRIVE o SUITE 140 o RALffiGK NC 27808
[phone] 0 FAX [phone]
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LEAVE EXISTING
DITCH IN PLACE

rROUTE EXISTING DITCH
INTO WETLANDS AND DAYLIGHT
r --? ?- LS
W W W
W W W ?
y y y
?Y W Y W
?? W W W W W W
k ?? ? y Y y 'Y Y i i I
?\ rY Y W W W W aV
+? Y Y y y 4• y y y I `\
Y W W Y W W W W W
V W W y' y W 4• y W y
W 'k ,. •Y,,. W Y W? W W y
HLIN (SEE,rFIGuRE V
6A VA A .A
VA
VA VA
LEGEND
PROPERTY LINE(AFTER HIGHWAY IWPROVEMEI
EXISTING ROAD
EXISTING RIGHT-OF-WAY
-- • • • • ----CREEK, STREAM, RIVER
EXISTING DITCH
-° EXISTING FENCE
--"b d6- APPROXIMATE LIMITS OF WETLANDS
EXISTING TREELINE
LIMITS OF GRADING
PROPOSED CHANNEL
CE CONSTRUCTION ENTRANCE
LS LEVEL SPREADER
9 TW-1 EXISTING OBSERVATION WELL
'-(APPROXIMATE EXISTING WETLAND
y.. -J AREAS THIS PROPERTY
PROPOSED RESTORED WETLANDS
FIGURE ll
PRELIMINARY GRADING PLAN - 3
TUCKER FARM MITIGATION SITE
CURRITUCK COUNTY, N.C.
SHEET 3 OF 5
DATE: 3-29-96 APPROXIMATE SCALE: 1" = 100'
RE SOURCE
SOUTHEAST, LTD.
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS
4915 WATERS EDGE DRIVE o SUffE 140 o RAIMGK NC 27808
[phone] o FAX [phone]
i
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LL
Q
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0
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v ?W W W W W YMATCHLINE ( EWFIGI ,RE 7?) ?1
/W W W W W W ?/' W W W f
W ?Yw'`` W W W W t;, ' W W W
W W W W ':; r, W 40
W W W W ? W W
dOo
dow
W W W ?Y W _
W W W W ? ` ?
J \`
` FILL EXISTING DITCH
V
HIS-.,
U
F-
Q
+r
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RESERVED
AREA
/
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LEGEND
- - PROPERTY LINE (AFTER HIGHWAY IMROVEMEI
- EXISTING ROAD
- - - EXISTING RIGHT-OF-WAY
-•• •• CREEK, STREAM, RIVER
- EXISTING DITCH
EXISTING FENCE
'`- -- APPROXIMATE LIMITS OF WETLANDS
EXISTING TREELINE
LIMITS OF GRADING
PROPOSED CHANNEL
CE CONSTRUCTION ENTRANCE
LS LEVEL SPREADER
8 TW-1 EXISTING OBSERVATION WELL
APPROXIMATE EXISTING WETLAND
+ Y. AREAS THIS PROPERTY

PROPOSED RESTORED WETLANDS
s FIGURE 12
PRELIMINARY GRADING PLAN - 4
TUCKER FARM MITIGATION SITE
CURRITUCK COUNTY, N.C.
SHEET 4 OF 5
DATE: 3-29-96 APPROXIMATE SCALE: 1" = 100'
S
RE ST URCE
SO UTHEAST, LTD.
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS
4915 WA16R3 EDGE DIM o SME 140 o RALEIGH, NC 27808
[phone] o FAX [phone] A
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LEGEND
PROPERTY LINE (AFTER HIGHWAY IMPROYEME
EXISTING ROAD
- EXISTING RIGHT-OF-WAY
' CREEK. _... .... EXISTINGTDITCH RIVER
__.__..__.._.. .. EXISTING FENCE
-'` - APPROXIMATE LIMITS OF WETLANDS
-- EXISTING TREELINE
LIMITS OF GRADING
- ~ PROPOSED CHANNEL
S CE CONSTRUCTION ENTRANCE
LS LEVEL SPREADER
8 TW-1 EXISTING OBSERVATION WELL
APPROXIMATE EXISTING WETLAND
1 AREAS THIS PROPERTY
?a PROPOSED RESTORED WETLANDS
9TW-2
N
W
Q
H
W
W
N
W
Z
H I
J
s RESERVED AREA
a
l
s

FIGURE 13
PRELIMINARY GRADING PLAN - 5
TUCKER FARM MITIGATION SITE
CURRITUCK COUNTY, N.C.
SHEET 5 OF 5
DATE: 3-29-96 APPROXIMATE SCALE: 1" = 100'
„i

C
.7_1-_
U f `, r
LANDSCAPE LEGEND

8TW-5

r.
x.

U
a
0
LL_
0
\.1
m
lc'
...
.. .... .....
• • • TIMBERED'.AR6A •'• • • • • •'
GENERAL NOTES.
TOTAL PROPOSED MITIGATION SITE AREA = 48.1 ACRES
TOTAL ACREAGE OF RESERVED AREA = 20.2 ACRES
TOTAL ACREAGE OF RESTORED FORESTED WETLANDS = 25.0 ACRES
TOTAL ACREAGE OF UPLAND AREA = 11.6 ACRES
TOTAL ACREAGE OF PRESERVED SWAMP FOREST = 2.8 ACRES
TOTAL ACREAGE OF PRESERVED TIMBERED UPLANDS = 8.7 ACRES
FIGURE 14
PROPOSED VEGETATION
AND MONITORING PLAN
TUCKER FARM MITIGATION SITE
CURRITUCK COUNTY, N. C.
EXISTING RIGHT-OF-WAY NOTES:
FOESTED WETLANDS
ZONE F1
ZONE F2
ZONE F3
RECOMMENDED PLANTINGS PER ACRE:
1 TREES: 680 WITH 8'x8' SPACING
TIMBERED AREA
j??..?.
c
.'..?W
9 TW-3
TR-i
4<

x
i
i
-TIMBERED ARE
RESE
.•..`• <1 • . • . `//,,fir e
.. ... /
$tow
`PUREST.
LEGEND /?,• "'
PROPERTY LINE (AFTER HIGHWAY IMPROVEMENTS)
EXISTING ROAD
-• CREEK, STREAM, RIVER
EXISTING DITCH 1. BASE MAPPING PROVIDED BY NCOOT AND SUPPLEMENTED
Y °^ •A = .;,.,,,,. _°-~ °~°~ EXISTING FENCE WITH FIELD SURVEY OF JUNE 1995.
-ft- APPROXIMATE LIMITS OF WETLANDS
EXISTING TREELINE 2. JURISDICTIONAL WETLANDS DELINEATED BY RESOURCE
LIMITS OF GRADING SOUTHEAST, LTD. BETWEEN MAY 15 AND MAY 18
6 TW-1 EXISTING OBSERVATION WELL 1995 AND BY THE U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS
X PROPOSED OBSERVATION WELL ON MAY 31, 1995.
+ y APPROXIMATE EXISTING WETLAND 3. ALL ACREAGES AND DISTANCES ARE APPROXIMATE.
AREAS THIS PROPERTY
DATE: 3-29-96 APPROXIMATE SCALE: i" = 300
R ESOURCE
SOUTHEAST, LTD.
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS
4915 RATERS EDGE DRIVE o SUITE 140 o RA(SIGH, NC 27808
[phone] o FAX [phone]

i
i
EXISTING GRADE
2' 0.5' MIN.
I
SLOPE 0 0.20X TO EXISTING ROAD SIDE DITCH
INV. OUT - -0.30
TYPICAL CHANNEL SECTION
NOT TO SCALE
ELEV. 2.3 OR 1.0' MIN.,
s' WHICHEVER IS GREATER
F 1.0' MIN.
EXISTING GRADE
1
TYPICAL ROAD SECTION
NOT TO SCALE
COMPACTED FILL
EXISTING GRADE
EXISTING GRADE
JUTE OR EXCELSIOR
OR EQUIVALENT
STAPLED IN PLACE-
BURIED 6" MIN.1
LEVEL UP OF
SPREADER --'
VARIABLE (7- MIN.) -
6'
BURIED 6' MIN. Z -c
MIN. 6"
(® LEVEL SPREADER
NOT TO SCALE
ELEV. PER PLAN OR 0.9' MIN.
WHICHEVER IS GREATER
2' -«? 0.5' MIN.
EXISTING GRADE I EXISTING GRADE
3
COMPACTED FILL
TYPICAL BERM SECTION
NOT TO SCALE
FIGURE 15
NOTES AND DETAILS - 1
TUCKER FARM MITIGATION SITE
CURRITUCK COUNTY, N.C.
DATE: 3-29-96 APPROXIMATE SCALE: AS NOTED
2:1 OR
FLATTER
P.N. 94028.14

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APPENDICES

1

RESOURCE
SOUTHEAST, LTD.
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS
4915 WATERS EDGE DRIVE, SUITE 140 • RALEIGH, NC 27606
[phone] • FAX [phone]

r

L

11

10
P
A
? APPENDIX A
ROUTINE WETLAND DETERMINATION DATA
FORMS
RESOURCE
SOUTHEAST, LTD.
' ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS
4915 WATERS EDGE DRIVE, SUITE 140 • RALEIGH, NC 27606
' [phone] • FAX [phone]

1
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LIB'
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DATA FORM
ROUTINE WETLAND DETERMINATION
(1987 COE Wetlands Delineation Manual)
Project/Site: NC 168 Miti ation Tucker Faun Date: 5/15/95
Applicant/Owner: NCDOT County: Currituck
Investigator: D. Davis C. Davis State: NC
Do Normal Circumstances exist on the site? Yes No Community ID: Sp. 1 T.1
Is the site significantly disturbed (Atypical Situation)? Yes Transect ID: Swamp Forest
Is the area a potential Problem Area? Yes o Plot ID:
(If needed, explain on reverse.)
VEGETATION
Dominant Plant Species Stratum Indicator Dominant Plant Species Stratum Indicator
1.N sssa ,svlvatica Canopy OBL 9. Clethra alnifolia Shrub FACW
2.Taxodium distichum OBL 10.Vaccinium co1ymbosum FACW
3. Acer rubrum FAC I I.Osmunda re¢alis Herb OBL
4.Liquidambar stvraciflua FAC+ 12.Osmunda cinnamonea FACW+
5.Persea borbonia Understory FACW 13.Woodwardia areolata OBL
6.Magnolia virginiana FACW+ 14.Carex E. FACW+
7.Fraxinus nennsvlvatica FACW 15.Saururus cemuus OBL
8. Mvrica cerifera Shrub FAC+ 16.Smilax laurifolia FACW+
Percent of Dominant Species that are OBL, FACW or FAC (excluding FAC-) 100%
Remarks:
HYDROLOGY
Recorded Data (Describe in Remarks): Wetland Hydrology Indicators:
Stream, Lake, or Tide Gauge Primary Indicators:
_
_ Aerial Photographs ? Inundated
? Other ? Saturated in Upper 12 inches
? No Recorded Data Available ? Water Marks
? Drift lines
? Sediment Deposit

? Drainage Patterns in Wetlands
Field Observations: Secondary Indicators (2 or more required):
? Oxidized Root Channels in
Depth of Surface Waters: 3-12" (in.) Upper 12 inches
? Water-Stained Leaves
Depth to Free Water in Pit: (in.) ? Local Soil Survey Data
FAC-Neutral Test
Depth to Saturated Soil: _ 3" (in.) Other (Explain in Remarks)
Remarks: Wetland type is southern swamp forest with obvious hydrology indicators.

0

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DATA FORM
ROUTINE WETLAND DETERMINATION
(1987 COE Wetlands Delineation Manual)
Project/Site: NC 168 Mitigation Tucker Farm
Applicant/Owner: NCDOT
Investigator: D Davis C Davis P Colwell Date: 5/15/95
County: Cutrituck
State: NC

Do Normal Circumstances exist on the site? S No Community ID: S12. I T.2
Is the site significantly disturbed (Atypical Situation)?
Is the area a potential Problem Area? No
No Transect ID: Cut-Over
Plot ID:
(If needed, explain on reverse.) _
VEGETATION
Dominant Plant Species Stratum Indicator Dominant Plant Species Stratum Indicator
1.None Canopy - 9. Juncus effttsus Herb FACW+
2.Liquidambar stvraciflua Sapl. FAC+ 1 O.Pteridium aquilinum FACU
3.Quercus nigra FAC 11.
4. Magnolia virginiana FACW+ 12.
5.Ilex opaca FAC- 13.
6.Andropogon virginicus Herb FAC- 14.
7.Ranunculus sp. FAC(?) 15.
8. Arundinaria gigantea FACW 16.
Percent of Dominant Species that are OBL, FACW or FAC (excluding FAC-) 66%
Remarks: Area has been cut-over in the past five years. "Wetter" species can be found in equipment ruts containing some standing water.
HYDROLOGY
Recorded Data (Describe in Remarks): Wetland Hydrology Indicators: None
- Stream, Lake, or Tide Gauge Primary Indicators:
_ Aerial Photographs Inundated
_ Other Saturated in Upper 12 inches
? No Recorded Data Available Water Marks
Drift lines
Sediment Deposit
Drainage Patterns in Wetlands
Field Observations: Secondary Indicators (2 or more required):
Oxidized Root Channels in
Depth of Surface Waters: 0-2" (in.) Upper 12 inches
Water-Stained Leaves
Depth to Free Water in Pit: >12" (in.) Local Soil Survey Data
FAC-Neutral Test
Depth to Saturated Soil: >12" (in.) Other (Explain in Remarks)
Remarks: Equipment ruts contain some standing water with hydrophytic vegetation; other areas exhibit no signs of hydrology within the
jurisdictional criteria.

I

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DATA FORM
ROUTINE WETLAND DETERMINATION
(1987 COE Wetlands. Delineation Manual)
Project/Site: NC 168 Mitigation Tucker Farm Date: 5/16/95
Applicant/Owner: NCDOT County: Cutrituck
Investigator: D. Davis C. Davis State: NC
Do Normal Circumstances exist on the site? No Community ID: Sp. 2T.1
Is the site significantly disturbed (Atypical Situation)? O Transect ID:
es
Is the area a potential Problem Area? Plot ID:
(If needed, explain on reverse.) See Remarks
VEGETATION
Dominant Plant Species Stratum Indicator Dominant Plant Species Stratum Indicator
1.Liquidamber stvraciflua Canopy- FAC+ 9.
2.Acer rubrum FAC 10.
3. Pinus taeda FAC 11.
4. Liquidambar styraciflua Sapl. FAC+ 12.
5.Arundinaria aigantea Herb FACW 13.
6.Juncus eil'usus FACW+ 14.
7.Osmunda repalis OBL B.
8. 16.
Percent of Dominant Species that are OBL, FACW or FAC (excluding FAC-) 100%
Remarks: Crescent-shaped area between an agricultural field and a 3-4 year cut-over. A portion of this area has been ditched.
HYDROLOGY
_ Recorded Data (Describe in Remarks): Wetland Hydrology Indicators:
_ Stream, Lake, or Tide Gauge Primary Indicators:
Aerial Photographs ? Inundated
_ Other ? Saturated in Upper 12 inches
? No Recorded Data Available Water Marks
Drift lines
Sediment Deposit
? Drainage Patterns in Wetlands
Field Observations: Secondary Indicators (2 or more required):
Oxidized Root Channels in
Depth of Surface Waters: 3-6" (in.) Upper 12 inches
? Water-Stained Leaves
Depth to Free Water in Pit: _6" (in.) Local Soil Survey Data
FAC-Neutral Test
Depth to Saturated Soil: -6" (in.) Other (Explain in Remarks)
Remarks: Crescent-shaped area formed by micro topography. A portion of this area has been ditched.
11

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DATA FORM
ROUTINE WETLAND DETERMINATION
(1987 COE Wetlands Delineation Manual)
k
F
168 Mi
i
i
T Date: 5/16/95
er
arm
t
gat
on
uc
Project/Site: NC
Applicant/Owner: NCDOT County: Currituck
Investigator: D. Davis C. Davis State: NC
Do Normal Circumstances exist on the site? Yes No Community ID: S12. 2T.2
Is the site significantly disturbed (Atypical Situation)? Yes o Transect ID:
Is the area a potential Problem Area? No Plot ID:
It- (If needed, explain on reverse.) See Remarks
VEGETATION
Dominant Plant Species Stratum Indicator Dominant Plant Species Stratum Indicator
I.None Canopy - 9.
2.Liquidambar stvraciflua Sapl. FAC+ 10.
3. Acer rubrum FAC 11.
4.Pinus taeda FAC 12.
5.EMatorium canillifolium Herb FACU 13.
6.Androp_o¢on virginicus FAC- 14.
7.Arundinaria gigantea FACW 15.
8. 16.
Percent of Dominant Species that are OBL, FAC W or FAC (excluding FAC-) 75%
Remarks: Area has been cut-over 3-4 years ago.
HYDROLOGY
Recorded Data (Describe in Remarks): Wetland Hydrology Indicators:
- Stream, Lake, or Tide Gauge Primary Indicators:
- Aerial Photographs Inundated
Other Saturated in Upper 12 inches
_
? No Recorded Data Available Water Marks
Drift lines
Sediment Deposit
Drainage Patterns in Wetlands
Field Observations: Secondary Indicators (2 or more required):
Oxidized Root Channels in
Depth of Surface Waters: - (in.) Upper 12 inches
? Water-Stained Leaves
Depth to Free Water in Pit: >12" (in.) Local Soil Survey Data
FAC-Neutral Test
Depth to Saturated Soil: >12" (in.) Other (Explain in Remarks)
Remarks: Microtopography slopes to wetland.
1 ?46

7

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? APPENDIX B
WETLAND RATING WORKSHEET

RESOURCE
SOUTHEAST, LTD.
' ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS
4915 WATERS EDGE DRIVE, SUITE 140 • RALEIGH, NC 27606
' [phone] • FAX [phone]

SECTION IT
Project Name NC 168 Miti cation. Tucker Farm Nearest Road NC 168
County Currituck Wetland Area aces Wetland Width 100 feet
Name of evaluator D . Davis Daze 5/15/95
Wetland Location
- on pond or lake
x on per e..nnial strum
= on intermittent stream
within interstre :m divide
- other

Sod series Rna^n L_ ° r4rro Canna T n?m
muck
h
d
i
i
,
umus,
r pre
c -
om
nantly orQaa
or peat
- predominantly mineral - acn-sandy
- predominantly sandy
Hydraulic factors
steep topography
ditched or chanaelized
x total wetland width 2100 feet

:adjacent land use
(within 1/2 mile upstream, upslope, or radius)
x forested/natural vegetation go %
:{ agriculture, urbanisuburban 15 %
impervious surface %
Dominant vegetation
(1) Vveaa cyl??ptica
(2) Taxodium disticaum
Acer rubrum

Flooding and wetness
x seminermaaentiy to permaneatiy
flooded or inundazed
seasonally flooded or imindated
intetmittanly flooded or temporary
surce water
no evidence of flooding or surface water
Weiland type (seler one)*
Bottomland hardwood forest _ Pine Savanna,
Headwater forest Freshwater marsh
T Swamp forest - Bogifen
We: flat - Epneaieral wetland
Pocosin - Carolina Bay
Bog forms - Other
' the rating svste-n cannot be applied to salt or brackish marshes or sperm channels
wei°

Water storage
s
4.00
= n >.:.k :..:.:. Wedand

Rating
r1 Bank/Shoredne stabilization 1 x 4.00 = +...:; „
\

Pollutant removal
S
x 5.00 Y. N
' I Wiidlii'e habitat x 2.00
r.,> ?. ,.

`;~?'? :`
: {:>
:
"
IV Aquatic life value ?• 4.00
x = ; :
.:...?
G Rerreadon/Education ' s 1.00 < ` > < .
*Add 1 point if in sensitive watershed and > I aonpoint disnuvanc`within 112 mile upstream,
undnne nr rariinc

L

SECTION 2T
Project Name Nr 168 Mitigation Tucker Farm Nearest Road X 163
Countv Currituck Wedand Area acres We•.dmd Width 60 feet
Name of evaluator D - Davis Date 5 / 16 / g 5
Wetland Location
_ on pond or lake
_ on perennial stream
x on intermittent stream
_ within interstream divide
_ other
Soil series Rnann r+^o C?^?^ T..
predominantly organic - humus, muck.
or peat
predominantly mineral - non-sandy
_ predominantly sandy
Hydraulic factors
steep topoaraphy
X ditched or chanaelized
_ total wetland width k100 feet
adjacent land use
(within 1/2 mile upstream, upsiope, or radius)
v forested/natural ve_esation -_ %
x apiculture, urban/suburban an %
- impervious surface °'o
Dominant vegetation
(1) Liouidambar.stvraciilua
Acer rubrum
(3) Pinus taeda
Flooding and wetness
_ semiperz aaeatly to permanently
flooded or imindated
X seasonally flooded or iramfin ed
in?e•Tr,;rraniy flooded or temporary
surface water
no evidence of flooding or surface ware:'
Wetland type (select one)`
Bottomland hardwood forest _ Fine savanna
X Headwater forest Freshwater
Swamp forest Boalfen
wet flat Ephemeral wetland
Pocosin Carolina Bay
Bog forest Other
*the ra=* !z svstem cannot be anuded to salt or brac'.dsh marshes or stream channels
wcQht
Wetland
R Water storage 3 x 4.00 =4
'R Itma
=1 RontrlCnn?n3enaa ct?n;i;-?1Tfnn 1 x 4.00 =
T Pollutant removal 3 x 5.00 =
I Wddlif' habitat 2 x 2.00 =
1V Aquatic lue value - x 4.00 = `"»"•`
G Recr eation/Educzdon x 1.00 -
*Add 1 point if in sensitive watershed and >i 0°.'o aonpoint disturbance within U2 mule upstrearn,
uosioce, or radius
1

I

I

0

0
I

I

I

APPENDIX C
PRIOR CONVERTED (PC) WETLANDS
DETERMINATION
PESO UR CE
SOUTHEAST, LTD.
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS
4915 WATERS EDGE DRIVE, SUITE 140 • RALEIGH, NC 27606
[phone] • FAX [phone]

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1

? APPENDIX D
' BORING LOGS AND WELL CONSTRUCTION
DIAGRAMS
RESOURCE
' SOUTHEAST, LTD.
ENVMONNMNTAL CONSULTANTS
4915 WATERS EDGE DRIVE, SUITE 140 • RALEIGH, NC 27606
[phone] • FAX [phone]
i
WELL CONSTRUCTION DETAILS FOR
BORING NUMBER: TR-1
BORING TYPE: 7 INCH O.D. HAND AUGER
SCREEN TYPE: 0.010 INCH SLOT-SIZE
CASING TYPE: 2 INCH DIA PVC
EXPANDABLE LOCKING INNER CAP
GROUND SURFACE -
3/8 INCH. BENTONTTE
CHIPS
FLUSH JOINT,
THREADED WELL CASING
BOREHOLE
NO. 2 MORIE TYPE
CLEAN SIIdCA SAND
FLUSH JOINT,
THREADED WELL SCREEN
WELL POINT
Figure No. 94028.14
Date Water
Level Obtained: 05-17-95
DEPTH/ELEVATION
- +1.8 FT. /3.880 FT.
- 0 FT. /2.043 FT.
DEPTH
Y -0.31 FT.
i
i
i
i
i
WELL CONSTRUCTION DETAILS FOR
BORING NUMBER TR-2
BORING TYPE: 7 INCH 0. D. HAND AUGER
SCREEN TYPE: 0.010 INCH SLOT-SIZE
CASING TYPE: 2 INCH DIA. PVC
EXPANDABLE LOCKING INNER CAP
Figure No. 94028.14
Date Water
Level Obtained: 05-17-95
DEPTH/ELEVATION
- +1.0 FT./3.267 FT.
GROUND SURFACE -
3/8 INCH. BENTON=
CHIPS
- - 0 FT. /2.248 FT.
DEPTH
:? y -0.35 FT..

r
I
BORING LOG
;Boring No.: TW-1 Elevation - Top of Boring: 6.880 Date of Bo ' . 05-16-95
NCDOT
;Project 94028.14 - ° e eP
_
,Location: TUCKER SITE -SLIGO, N.C. Range Slotted. BOTTOM 5 FEET
of Boring3 25 LDHSA
Type
_ ..

............. Casing ID, type 2 INCH DIA PVC

---- -
LP. DAMS
Name of Logger
jDrilling Contractor: FLSHBURNE DRILLING INC .
Depth Sample
Stratum Description Depth Sample Blows`
Recovery'" 1 Sample Description
{
__.
Grass cover, then soil/root-mat.
0 =2 0.0,1.2
" Dark-brown. organic SILT, moist to -6"1
then med.-gray, mottled orange/brown silty
15 CLAY, moist, mod. stiff.

-
3,3,5.6 Med -gray, mottled orange/brown. silty,
then
-3
5'
t
ff t
15" I o
.
,
i
sandy CLAY, wet, very s
light- gray. silty SAND, wet.
4,4.2.2 Same to 5', then med.-gray, mottled orange
wet to -6', then dark-gray
clayey SAND
14" ,
CLAY, wet, stiff. i
10 7-
15=
{
20-
i
a
2&--
1
L
30'--
35-
1
40,
45'
Bottom of boring 0 -6'.
Ground Water Datn j?? ?R ??
Water level is 0.35_ ft. below ground surface I M J
> 24 hrs, after completion. jMr-
w INTERNATIONAL, LTD.
ENVIRONIMTAL CONSULTANTS AND DESIGNERS
-- -- - 140 - -- _........... ---- --- - - - --
• No. ... of -Blo ws - lb. Hammer, 56 -In. Fall. Required to Drive 2 in O.D., 1.375 in I.D. Sampler Inches.
i
i
i
i
i
i
WELL CONSTRUCTION DETAILS FOR
BORING NUMBER: TW-1
BORING TYPE: 3.25 INCH. I.D. HSA
SCREEN TYPE: 0.010 INCH SLOT-SIZE
CASING TYPE: 2 INCH DIA. PVC
EXPANDABLE LOCKING INNER CAP -?
Figure No. 94028.14
Date Water
Level Obtained: 05-17-95
DEPTH\ELEVATION
------- +3.0FT./4.88Fr.
GROUND SURFACE -
3/8 INCH. BENTONITE
CHIPS
FLUSH JOINT,
THREADED WELL CASING
BOREHOLE
- - O FT. /1.87 FT.
DEPTH
4 -0.20 FT.
------- -0.5Fr.
- - - - - - - -1.1 FT.

I

L

BORING LOG
;Boring No.: TW-2 ; Elevation - Top of Boring: 2.311 Date of Boring: 05-16-95
ET
;Project: 94028.14 - NCDOT _
Total Well Depth: 7 FE
;Location: TUCKER SITE - SLIGO, N.C. Range Slotted: BOTTOM 5 FEET
Type of Boring- 3.25 LD HSA Casing ID type 2 INCH DIA PVC --
- ........ .... ;Drilling Contractor: FLSHBURNE DRILLING INC Name of Logger. J.P. DAVIS

Depth 1 Stratum Description Sample: Sample Blowe
Depth Recovery's J Sample Description
... _..-
-- ' -
0 ? Grass cover, then soil/root-mat.
Dark-brown, organic SILT, wet to -6", then
y " med.-gray, slightly mottled orange, sandy.
18
silty CLAY, wet, friable.
- 3.4.5.5 Same to -3.5', then med.-gray silty SAND,
18" i- wet.

`
5 -- i
8,9.9.9 I Light-gray silty SAND, wet
10"
1
Bottom of boring 0 -7'.
10i- 1
i
15-' '

i
20`- j

i ?

25- i
I

I
i
W
,

35?- a
'
r- i ?
I
40
i
i
45
Ground Water Data,
MSOURd'"'V
Water level is 0.95 ft below ground surface r
> 24 hrs, after completion
!-- INTERNATIONAL, LTD.
ENVIRONJONTAL CONSULTANTS AND DESIGNERS
-----'
* No. of Blows 140 lb. Hammer, 30-in. Fall, Required to Drive 2 in O.D., 1.375 in LD. Sampler 6 Inches.
i
i
i
WELL CONSTRUCTION DETAILS FOR
BORING NUMBER TW-2
BORING TYPE: 3.25 INCH. I.D. HSA
SCREEN TYPE: 0.010 INCH SLOT-SIZE
CASING TYPE: 2 INCH DIA. PVC
EXPANDABLE LOCKING INNER CAP
Figure No. 94028.14
Date Water
Level Obtained: 05-17-95
DEPTH\ELEVATION
------- -3.5FT./5.826FT.
GROUND SURFACE -
3/8 INCH BENTONITE
CHIPS
FLUSH JOINT.
THREADED WELL CASING
BOREHOLE
NO. 2 MORIE TYPE
CLEAN SILICA SAND
FLUSH JOINT.
THREADED WELL SCREEN
BOTTOM CAP
- - - 0 FT. /2.311 FT.
DEPTH
Q -0.95 FT.
------- -1.0FT.
11

BORING LOG
Tov of Boring: 2.287 Date of Boring: 05-16-95
;Project: 94028.14 - NCDOT _-
:Location: TUCKER SITE - SLIGO, N.C.
!Type of Boring: 3 25 LD HSA
Drilling Contractor. FISHBURNE DRILLING INC.
1 -- I Sample Sample Blows*
Depth' Stratum Description Depth . Recovery''
0 - 1.1.2.2
Q 18"
- 3.3.3.4
15"
- 4,4.3,4
5 ---
f
,
t 10"
l0e-
f
r-
r
v_
151-
1
!
f
20t---
L
f
!
F
25€-
L
f
30-
f_
35=
r
40
L
45
Total Well Depth: 7 FEET
Range Slotted: BOTTOM 5 FEET
Casing IDtype 2 INCH DIA. PVC
Name of Logger J P. DAMS.
Sample Description
Grass cover, then soil/root-mat.
Dark-brown. PEAT, moist to -3", then
i med.-gray, mottled orange, silty CLAY.
moist, mod. stiff.
Same, moist to wet.
i
Med.-gray, mottled orange, sandy, silty
CLAY, wet, friable to -5.5', then med.-gray,
silty SAND, wet..
Bottom of boring 0 -7'
Ground Water DataS 0
Water level is 1.04 ft below ground surface r M UR qA -04 JE
> 24 hrs. after completion. zjr-
INTERNATIONAL, LTD.
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS AND DESIGNERS
.................. ._-- - -- ------ -._._._.,.._....__......------ ------- -.---- ----- ?--.-.-__..- _?----------------
• No of Blows 140 lb. Hammer, 30-in. Fall, Required to Drive 2 in O.D., 1.375 in I.D. Sampler 6 Inches.
i
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i
WELL CONSTRUCTION DETAILS FOR
BORING NUMBER: TW-3
BORING TYPE: 3.25 INCH. I.D. HSA
SCREEN TYPE: 0.010 INCH SLOT-SIZE
CASING TYPE: 2 INCH DIA. PVC
EXPANDABLE LOCKING INNER CAP
Figure No. 94028.14
Date Water
Level Obtained: 05-17-95
DEPTH\ELEVATIO N
- - - - - - - +2.4 FT. /4.724 Fr.
GROUND SURFACE -
3/8 INCH. BENTONITE
CHIPS
0 FT./2.287 FT.
DEPTH
- - - - -0.5 FT.
Q -1.04 FT.
I------- -1.6 Fr.

BORING LOG
u,.,.:.,,. Nn • TW-d rlao Finn - Ton of Boring 2.039 ;Date of Boring 05-16-95
' ;Project: 94028.14 - NCDOT
C
N
.
.
Location: TUCKER SITE - SLIGO,
Type of Bormg: 3 25 LD HSA
..
-.. --- - - -- -
--- -- -- - --
.
- ------ - --- ------- - _...
!Drilling Contractor. FISHBURNE DRILLING INC i
' Sample S
Depth Stratum Description Depth ample Blows*,
Recovery" I
SZ 0,1.2.2
' 18"
2,3.2.4
14
5 -
' 5,4.3.2
8"
I
Oi-
l
i
15-
i

20'--
1
i
k-
2&--
L
1
i
30-
1 I
t
i
i

i
35
I-
I .
40'.
45
Total Well Depth: 7 FEET
Range Slotted. BOTTOM 5 FEET
Casing ID., type. 2 INCH DIA. PVC
Name of Logger. J.P. DAVIS
Sample Description
Grass cover, then. soil/root-mat.
Dark-brown, organic SILT, moist to -6",
then light-gray, silty CLAY, moist, mod. stiff.
Med.-gray, mottled orange/brown. silty
CLAY, wet, very stiff to ^-2.2', then med.-
gray, clayey, silty SAND, wet.
Blue/gray, silty SAND, wet.
Bottom of boring 0 -7'.
•. Ground Water Data _? U
IMSRt
, ¦ -j_
/i
?ater level is 0.55 1t below ground surface r-
is T
hrs. after completion INTERNATIONAL, LTD.
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS AND DESIGNERS
--- .. - -
. 2 2 in in O. D., 1.375 in I.D. Sampler 6 Inches.
No. of Blows 140 lb. Hammer, 30-in. Fall. Required - to ---- Drive ve- -

i
i
WELL CONSTRUCTION DETAILS FOR
BORING NUMBER: TW-4
BORING TYPE:3.25 INCH. I.D. HSA
SCREEN TYPE: 0.010 INCH SLOT-SIZE
CASING TYPE: 2 INCH DIA. PVC
EXPANDABLE LACKING INNER CAP
Figure No. 94028.14
Date Water
Level Obtained: 05-17-95
DEPTH\ELEVATION
- - - - - - - +2.4 FT./4.486 FT.
GROUND SURFACE -
3/8 INCH. BENTONTTE
CHIPS
FLUSH JOINT,
THREADED WELL CASING
BOREHOLE
NO. 2 MORIE TYPE
CLEAN SILICA SAND
FLUSH JOINT,
THREADED WELL SCREEN
BOTTOM CAP
NOUN- - - O FT. /2.039 FT.
DEPTH
Q -0.55 FT.
------- -1.0FT.
------- -1.7FT.

I

I
BORING LOG
;Boring No.: TA-5 ; Elevation - Top of Boring: 2.311 Date of Boring: 05-17-95
;Project: 94028.14 - NCDOT I Total Well Depth: 10 FEET
Location: TUCKER SITE - SLIGO, N. C. l Range Slotted. BOTTOM 7.5 FEET
i Casing ID type 2 INCH DIA. PVC
Type of Boring: 3.25* LD HSA
-" "
(Drilling Contractor. "- FISHBURNURN.E DRILLING INC. I Name of Logger.. LP. DAVIS
Sample Sample Blows• ;
De th ; Stratum Description s. Sample Description
P Depth ._ Recovery
Grass cover, then soil/root-mat.
0 _ 1.1.2.2 Med.-brown, organic SILT, moist to -6",
14" then med.-gray, silty CLAY, wet soft.
2.3,3.4 Med.-gray, silty CLAY, moist, mod. stiff,
16° friable to -3.5, then med.-gray, mottled
orange, silty CLAY, moist, stiff.
7 A A 7 r:_t.a-_...... .....aale.i ....e....e /.iw,•4-orwv swnAv
i
i
I

Water level is __ 1.73 ft. below ground surface r? ,V(
> 6 hrs. after completion.
MMr-
Igor-
INTERNATIONAL, LTD.
ENVIRONJfENTAL CONSULTANTS AND DE5IGNERS
L- ------....... ............ .......... - -.--- - -- -..-.-.-_-...--. --- - .............. ._................ .-- ---- - -- - -- - ----- --- -- - -- - ----------'
No. of Blows 140 lb. Hammer, 30-in. Fall, Required to Drive 2 in O.D., 1.375 in I.D. Sampler 6 Inches.
i
i
i
i
i
i
WELL CONSTRUCTION DETAILS FOR
BORING NUMBER: TW-5 Figure No. 94028.14
BORING TYPE: 3.25 INCH. I.D. HSA
SCREEN TYPE: 0.010 INCH SLOT-SIZE Date Water
Level Obtained: 05-17-95
CASING TYPE: 2 INCH DIA. PVC
DEPTH\ELEVATION
EXPANDABLE LOCRING INNER CAP - - - - - - - +2.9 FT./5.186 Fr.
GROUND SURFACE - - - - 0 Fr./2.311 FT.
:77 DEPTH
3/8 INCH. BENTONTTE
CHIPS --- ---- -1.0Fr.
y -1.73 FT.
--- ---- 2.3 FT.
FLUSH JOINT, -
THREADED WELL CASING -
BOREHOLE -
NO. 2 MORIE TYPE -
CLEAN SILICA SAND -
FLUSH JOINT, -
THREADED WELL SCREEN -
BOTTOM CAP - - - - - - - - -9.8 FT.
- - - - - - - -9.8 FT.
NOT TO SCALE

I

C

BORING LOG
,Boring No.: TW-6 !Elevation - Top of Boring: 2.389 ; Date of Boring: 05-17-95
Project: 94028.14 - NCDOT 1 Total Well Depth: 6 FEET
;Location: TUCKER SITE - SLIGO, N.C.
Type of Boring: 4 O D HAND AUGER - I Range Slotted. BOTTOM 5 FEET
Casing-II)- type -2- INCH DIA PVC
- -- ---- ------
----
jDrilling Contractor: FISHBURNE DRILLING INC.
,
Name of Logger. J.P. DAVIS
Sample. Sample Blows'
Depth Stratum Description Depth Recovery,** I
{

Sample Description
Grass cover, then soil/root-mat.
0.
'
Q NA I Med. to dark-brown, organic SILT, moist
F NA i Same, wet
'- Med.-gray, sandy, silty CLAY, wet, mod.
5 _ AN ; stiff to -5.5', then dark-gray clayey, silty
SAND, wet
Bottom of boring ® -6'.
10-
-

i

15 I

i

I- 1
?
I
I
20E-
I
25 --
i
L
L
i
r--
I
30

'

35

f i

i
I
40!
, I
45'
I
Ground Water Data--- - Alp- OUR j
?
Water level is below ground surface ! Er CE I
5 u-s, after completion. ??
i NA - NOT APPLICABLE % low- INTERNATIONAL, LTD.
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS AND DESIGNERS'.
....----. -...-- - of - - -.-...... - -
• No. of Blows 140 lb. Hammer, 30-in. Fall. Required to Drive 2 in O.D., 1.375 in I.D. Sampler 6 Inches.
i
i
WELL CONSTRUCTION DETAILS FOR
BORING NUMBER: TW-6
BORING TYPE: 4 INCH. O.D. HAND AUGER
SCREEN TYPE: 0.010 INCH SLOT-SIZE
CASING TYPE: 2 INCH DIA. PVC
EXPANDABLE LOCMG INNER CAP
Figure No. 94028.14
Date Water
Level Obtained: 05-17-95
DEPTH\ELEVATION
- - - - - - - +3.5 FT./5.844 FT.
GROUND SURFACE -
3/8 INCH. BENTONITE
CHIPS
- - 0 FT./2.389 FT.
DEPTH
------- -0.5FT.
Q -1.18 FT.
-1.5 FT.
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APPENDIX E
FIELD PERMEABILITY DATA
RESO UR CE
SOUTHEAST, LTD.
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS
4915 WATERS EDGE DRIVE, SUITE 140 • RALEIGH, NC 27606
[phone] • FAX [phone]

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APPENDIX F
GEOTECHNICAL ANALYSES
PESO UR CE
SOUTHEAST, LTD.
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS
4915 WATERS EDGE DRIVE, SUITE 140 • RALEIGH, NC 27606
[phone] • FAX [phone]

ATLANTIC GEOTECHNICAL SERVICES, INC.
Geotechnical + Materials Testing + Environmental

' Nir. Greg Grose
Resource International, Ltd.
9560 Kings Charter Drive
' Ashland, Virginia 23005
Reference: Permeability Test Results
NCDOT Project
Sligo, North Carolina
Dear W. Grose:
i
i
0 AL
CIA; 3 0 {9
AGS Project No. RC95-200
As requested, Atlantic Geotechnical Services, Inc. (AGS) has performed the
requested laboratory tests on the five Shelby tube samples provided by Resource
International, Ltd. (RIL) from the above referenced project. The results of the
laboratory tests are presented on the attached table.
Please call if you have any questions on the attached data.
Sincerely,
MON/eab
Attachment
ORIGINAL
COPY
10971 Richardson Road, Ashland, Virjirua 23005 • 50=1-550-2?03 • FA-( 8 0 -550-2201
ATLANTIC GEOTECHN?
SERVI ES, INC.
A`
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Micha 10. Nc?gle P`: & r ;, f?t j
Princip Engi' ev
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PRECIPITATION DATA
RESO UR CE
SOUTHEAST, LTD.
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS
4915 WATERS EDGE DRIVE, SUITE 140 • RALEIGH, NC 27606
[phone] • FAX [phone]

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"RECORD OF RIVER AND
ENTRIES ON WS FORTS B-9;
ml/.r. (,wnr lag
CLIMATOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS"
L (7-89) AND PRECEDING FORMS
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The majority of cooperative observers use a standard (B-91) or
previously numbered (E-15, etc) form to manually record daily
maximum and minimum temperatures and/or precipitation. Some
cooperative stations also record daily river stages, evaporation,
soil temperatures, and wind speed and direction. While the Form
B-91 is designed to be self explanatory, the following comments
are presented to assist in clarification.
GENERAL: Maximum and Minimum temperature and precipitation values
are for the full twenty-four (24) hours ending at the observation
times usually listed in the WS Form B-91 heading. Continuous
surveillance of weather conditions is not expected or required at
cooperative stations and the absence of entries on the WS Form B-
"M" indicates missing data.
91 is not an unusual occurrence.
TEMPERATURE: Recorded in whole degrees Fahrenheit. Below zero
readings are preceded by a minus (-) sign. Temperature "AT OBSN."
is the actual air temperature at the observation time.
PRECIPITATION: "Rain, melted snow, etc." are reported in inches
' and hundredths (xx.xx);"snow, ice pellets" are reported in inches
and tenths (xx.x); "snow, ice pellets, hail, ice on ground" are
reported in whole inches (xx.). A "T" (Trace) entered for rain
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small to measure; when "T" is in the on ground column, the amount
is less than one-half inch (< 1/2"). A zero (0) is usually
entered when no precipitation occurs, however, blanks may also
' indicate no precipitation.
REMARKS: Used to report weather conditions other than those
' listed, add information on an observed weather element, document
times of storms and the severity of damage inflicted, etc. These
remarks are often the only source of information about unusual
' weather and can provide insight not available elsewhere.
If further clarification is required, contact the:
National Climatic Data Center Phone: [phone]
Federal Building (704) CLIMATE
Asheville, NC 28801-2733 Fax: [phone]
' For a more complete interpretation of the data, the services of a
private consulting meteorologist may be required. Addresses in
your area for these consultants can be obtained from:
' The American Meteorological Society
45 Beacon Street
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I

APPENDIX H
EVAPOTRANSPIRATION CALCULATIONS
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RESOURCE
VF SOUTHEAST, LTD.
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS
4915 WATERS EDGE DRIVE, SUITE 140 • RALEIGH, NC 27606
[phone] • FAX [phone]
i
EVAPOTRANSPIRATION LOSSES
Blaney-Criddle Method
Given: Site is located approximately 35 degrees latitude in the northern hemisphere.
Forested wetland species to be planted in mitigation area.
Evapotranspiration losses for forested wetlands would be approximated by the evapotranspira-
tion losses for deciduous orchards.
Growing season consists of March through November.
Calculate Evapotranspiration (ET) Losses:

Month 1994 Mean Monthly Temperature I
(decrees Fahrenheitl Monthly Daytime I
Hours (% of Year) Monthly Consumptive
Use Factors (TXPI
Marcn 4.1 8.3 4.53
Aoril 65.6 8.70 5.71
Mav 65.2 I 9.61 I 6.27
June 78.2 I 9.60 I 7.51
JuIV 81.6 I 9.92 8.09
August 76.8 I 9.30 7.14
Seotember I 71.2 i 8.40 ( 5.98
October i 61.5 7.75 4.77
November 57.4 I 6.90 3.96
Total (=6) 53.95
U = (K)(B)
where: U is total annual consumptive use (evapotranspiration)
K is the crop coefficient (=0.65 for deciduous orchard)
and B is the summation of monthly consumptive use factors
U = (0.65)(53.95)
= 35.07 inches
Reference: Blaney, H.F. and W.D. Criddle, 1950. Determining Water Requirements in Irrigated Areas
From Climatological and Irrigation Data. USDA-SCS, TP-96.
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? APPENDIX I
POTENTIAL RUNOFF CALCULATIONS
1

RESOURCE
SOUTHEAST, LTD.
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS
4915 WATERS EDGE DRIVE, SUITE 140 • RALEIGH, NC ?7606
' [phone] • FAX [phone]

1
1

POTENTIAL RUNOFF LOSSES
Tucker Farm Tract
SCS Curve Number Method
A. Calculation of SCS curve numbers.
Assumptions: Entire areas modeled as Woods (future wetlands).
Soil hydrologic condition is fair.
All soil types delineated based upon SCS soil mapping and field
investigations.
Area acreage based upon field delineations and surveyed locations
performed in 6/95.
Soil Name Soil Soil Future Area (ac.) CN
x
Area
Designation Group Land Use CN
Augusta fine At C Woods 0.36 73 26
sandy loam
Roanoke fine Ro D Woods 63.3 79 5001
sandy loam
Ponzer peat Po : L:j =Woods 4.48 79 354
TOTALS 68.14 5381
COMPOSITE CURVE NUMBER = 5381/68.14 = 79
B. Determination of minimum precipitation event necessary to generate runoff:
Assumption: Initial abstractions = .2 x total maximum retention
Q =[ P-.2S]2 /[ P+.8S]
where Q is runoff (in inches)
P is precipitation in inches
and S is total maximum retention; S = (1000/CN) - 10 = (1000/79) - 10 = 2.66
Set Q = 0 and solve for P:
0 = [ P-.2(2.66)]2 /[ P+.8(2.66)]
0 = [P - 0.532]2
P = 0.532 inches
Therefore, precipitation events greater than 0.532 inches yield runoff.

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C. Summary of 24-hour precipitation events in 1994 exceeding 0.5 inches at the Elizabeth City,
North Carolina NOAA/NWS station:
Month 1 -Dayj Precip.
(in.) Month Day Precip.
(in.) Month Day Precip.
(in.)
January 2 1 May 4 1.95 August 6 0.62
January 12 0.65 May 8 0.51 August 15 1.03
January 18 1.04 June 8 0.85 August 17 0.51
January 28 1.15 June 14 1.47 August 22 0.61
February 11 0.54 June 27 0.76 August 30 0.52
February 12 0.71 June 29 0.72 September 2 0.53
February 24 1.28 July 12 1.07 September 22 1.6
March 2 3.7 July 16 2.32 October 14 1.65
March 10 0.54 July 18 1.88 November 17 1.2
March 14 0.66 July 27 0.91 November 18 1.21
March 25 0.81 July 28 0.57 December 5 0.63
March 29 0.75 August 5 1.22
D. Calculation of total runoff based on 1994 precipitation data:
24-hour Number of Average Calculated Runoff Number of
Precipitation Precipitation Precipitation in for Average Events a
(in.) Events Range Precip.(in.)* Calculated
Runoff
0.5 to 0.99 19 0.65 0.005 0.095
1.00 to 1.49 10 1.17 0.123 1.23
1.50 to 1.99 4 1.77 0.393 1.572
Greater than 2 2 =3. 1.195 2.39
TOTAL 5.287
* Equation used in part B of these catcutatnons
Therefore,the total potential runoff from the Tucker Farm property is estimated to be 5.29
inches.
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APPENDIX J
' COMPENSATORY MITIGATION PLANNING
CHECKLIST
I

RESOURCE
' SOUTHEAST, LTD.
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS
4915 WATERS EDGE DRIVE, SUITE 140 • RALEIGH, NC 27606
' [phone] • FAX [phone]

I

APPENDIX J
COMPENSATORY MITIGATION PLANNING
CHECKLIST - 9/19/94
Tucker Farm - Forested Wetland Restoration
ACTION ID:
SITE NAME: Tucker Farm Mitigation Site
LOCATION/WATERBODY/COUNTY: 3,800 feet east of the community of
Sligo, on the south side of NC 168;
Tull Creek/Pasquotank River Basin.
Currituck County, NC
USGS QUAD(S): Currituck, NC
SOIL SURVEY SHEET NOS.: 6
PREPARED BY: Resource Southeast, Ltd DATE: March 6, 96
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
I. INTRODUCTION
A. Type of Mitigation (Circle / A separate checklist may be
prepared if more than one type)
1. Restoration Creation Enhancement Preservation
a. In-kind Out-of-kind Both
b. On-site Off-site Both
2. Up-front Concurrent After-the-fact Bank
B. Wetland types and acreage Impacted / Attach or Describe:
The proposed widening of NC 168 will impact approximately 22 acres
of jurisdictional forested wetlands. See permit application for
location of impacts.

I
C. Wetland types and acreage Mitigated / Attach or
Describe: Total Mitigation Credits = 13.41
Forested wetlands - 25.1 acres restored (12.55 mitigation credits),
Forested wetlands - 2.8 acres preservation swamp forest (0.28
mitigation credits)
8.7 acres preservation-timbered wetlands (0.58 mitigation credits)
D. Describe mitigation Ratios :
Forested Wetlands: restoration 2:1; preservation swamp forest 10:1;
I preservation timbered wetlands 15:1
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YES NO
E. Will any Endangered Species,
Archeological Resources, or Haz/Tox
sites be impacted by this effort?
F. Has a wetland determination been
undertaken and verified? x
II. TARGET GOALS AND FUNCTIONS
YES NO
A. Are there stated GOALS?
x
Describe: To restore prior converted (PC) agricultural
fields to forested wetlands with similar hydrology and functions
as the reference ecosystem; to preserve existing wetlands on-site.
B. Describe Success Criteria: Restore hydrology and wetland
vegetation to meet COE criteria in the 1987 Wetland Delineation
Manual and Bottom Land Hardwood Mitigation Guidelines - See Draft
Mitigation Plan; Section 6.7.
YES NO
Are they: 1. Specific x
2. Measurable x
3. Attainable x
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YES NO
C. Target FUNCTIONS chosen
and indicated? x
Describe: Similar function as RE which may include
flood storage and wildlife habitat.
YES NO.
D. Was a Reference Ecosystem (RE) report
prepared? (Attach) x
1. Describe comparison between the RE and the
Mitigation Plan: The RE is a
forested wetland with the same soil type and hydrogeomorphic
setting as the mitigation area. Hydrology in the restored area
should be similar to the RE after modification. (See Draft
Mitigation Plan - Section 6.3)
III. STRUCTURAL COMPONENT
A. VEGETATION:
YES NO
1. Are plantings listed to species? x
2. Are "local" (200 Miles North/South)
propagules to be planted and
verified by nursery certificate? x
3. Have diversity and densities of
species within the RE been
considered in the plan? x
4. Has consideration been given to
planting the interface between the
mitigation site and-upland habitats
with suitable transition zone
species? x

5. Describe Quality Control during planting: Planting
will be supervised by the NCDOT. Planting specifics
will be outlined in final mitigation plan.
B. SOILS:
YES NO
1. Have the soils been mapped? x
2. Soils Series/Phases See Mitigation Plan:RE and
mitigation area dominated by
Roanoke fine sandy loam
(See Section 6.3)
YES NO
3. Fertility Sampling undertaken
in RE? (Attach Report) x
4. Fertility Sampling undertaken
on mitigation site? x
(Attach Report)
5. Are fertility results within the
standards for the proposed
plantings?
Describe Results / Amendments Required:
Fertility testing of exposed soils to be planted and RE soils will
be included with final mitigation plan.
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6. Are the soil types appropriate 14
for the target wetland? x
Describe: PC field consists of Roanoke fine sandy
loam which is listed on the local and national hydric soils lists.
This soil type is also found in the reference ecosystem.
7. If PC Farmland, has site been
evaluated for: YES NO
a. Plow pans x
b. Field crowns x
c. Herbicide carry-over x
d. Drainage system x
Describe: No evidence of herbicide carry-over was
evident, ie. no bare spots. The issue of plow pans and field
crowns will be addressed in the final mitigation plan if necessary.
C. HYDROLOGY:
YES NO
1. Were the principles of HGM or
other classification system
considered? x
Describe: HGM Forested wetland to be restored
will be a depressional wetland with
similar function as the Reference
ecosystem. This may include flood storage
and wildlife habitat.
2. Describe the primary hydrologic input(s):
precipitation, groundwater
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YES NO
3. Was a Hydrology Model/Water
Budget developed? x
a. Were low, average, and high
precipitation/water table/
flood conditions considered? x
Describe the water budget:
See Section 5.0 in the Draft Mitigation Plan
4. Will the hydrologic regime
predicted by the Water Budget
be appropriate for the target
wetland? x
Describe: See Section 5.1.8 in the Draft Mitigation
Plan.
5. Have Monitoring Wells/tide/
flood gauges been installed? x
Describe: See Section 4.1 in the Draft Mitigation
Plan
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTES:

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IV. MONITORING
A. Name and number of person responsible for the success of
this project: H. Franklin Vick [phone]
YES NO
B. Is there a Monitoring Plan?
x
. Describe: See monitoring plan outlined in Section 6.7 of
the Draft Mitigation Plan
YES NO
C. As Built Report provided? x

D. Procedure to account for beneficial
natural regeneration? x
Describe: As-built report will be included in final
mitigation plan to be developed by NCDOT; Appropriate procedure
to account for beneficial natural regeneration will be included
with the final plan if necessary.
V. CONSIDERATION OF CAUSES OF FAILURE
A. How does
1. Ele
areas of PC fields
ditches, elevation
a.
project rate regarding the following:
Jation: Excellent: Soils in the higher elevation
will be graded down and used to fill existing
should not cause failure, see Section 6.5
YES NO N/A
Have biological Benchmarks
been established? x
' b. Is there a grading plan? x
c. Is grading plan specific? X
1

YES NO
d. Is discing proposed after
grading and/or prior
to planting?
a. Biological benchmarks are elevation, vegetation and hydrology
of RE.
c. Specific grading plans will be in implementation/final
mitigation plan.
d. To be determined; will be included in final mitigation plan.
2.
Describe provisions for Drainage: To be determined;
will be included in final mitigation plan.
3. Describe Erosion Control Measures:

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Erosion control measures will be included in final mitigation plan
and will be consistent with NCDOT policy.
4. Describe management of Human Impacts: To be
determined depending on final dispensation; may include barricade
or fencing area.
5. Describe management of Herbivory/Noxious Plants:
Appropriate procedures such as fencing, herbicides or removal of
noxious species may be used if necessary.
YES NO
B. Are there Contingency Plans built
into the proposal to address these
factors? x
Describe when and how will these contingencies be
implemented: See monitoring plan/recourse action in
Section 6.7 of the Draft Mitigation Plan.
I
I NOTES:

' VI. SITE MANAGEMENT

I
A. Describe Final Disposition of the property
NCDOT will retain the property as Right-of-Way unless an
appropriate agency/organization can be identified to manage the
site in perpetuity.
B. Who will manage the site after the mitigation effort is
deemed a success? NCDOT (See above)
YES NO
C. Will wetland functions be impacted
by current or future land use
patterns? x
Describe: Not anticipated; however, future land use
patterns are impossible to predict,
especially with on-site mitigation.
D. Will this site have the opportunity
to function as planned? x
Describe: See VI.C. (above)
1

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E. Describe how this project rates ecologically: Excellent:
This determination is based on the large size of this site; the
restoration of a previously forested wetland; the zonation of
habitats (the mitigation site is surrounded by existing wetlands,
tidal creek and uplands), the presence of hydric soils, and the
proposed planting of mast bearing, hardwood trees.
' HIGHLIGHT AND ADDRESS ALL PROBLEMS AND/OR INADEQUACIES WITH THE
MITIGATION PLAN/SITE AS INDICATED BY THIS CHECKLIST.

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APPENDIX K
SURVEY DATA
PESO UR CE
SOUTHEAST, LTD.
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS
4915 WATERS EDGE DRIVE, SUITE 140 • RALEIGH, NC 27606
[phone] • FAX [phone]

March 27, 1996
' PROPERTY DESCRIPTION FOR TUCKER PROPERTY
CURRITUCK COUNTY, NC
Beginning at a point on the south line of State Route 168, said point being a rod; thence,
' S05°33'37"E a distance of 1244.46' to a rod; thence, N7003 1'30"E a distance of 698.35' to a pipe;
thence, N84°05'34"E a distance of 455.33' to a rod; thence, S04°50'42"E a distance of 870.37' to
' an axel; thence S83°37'34"W a distance of 1201.15' to a bent pipe; thence, N33°43'20"E a
distance of 590.39' to a rod; thence, S84°08'24"W a distance of 937.171 to a pipe; thence,
S29°40'56"W a distance of 67.71' to an axel; thence, S54°17'38"W a distance of 412.08' to a pipe;
' thence, S72°07'08"W a distance of 155.79 to a bent pipe; thence, S79019'02"W a distance of
245.18' to a pvc pipe; thence N03°50'28"W a distance of 1211.01' to a rod; thence, N84°14'39"E
a distance of 320.00' to a rod; thence, N03°50'28"W a distance of 615.87' to a rod; thence,
' N84°28'42"E a distance of 1059.09' to a rod, said rod being the point of beginning and containing
68.25 Acres and being more particularly described on a plat by Franklin R. Price, RLS dated
6/20/95.
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TUCKER PROPERTY, CURRITUCK, NC
FIELD LOCATED WETLAND POINTS
P.N. 94028.14
NORTHING EASTING NAME
997922.6526 2859298.3075 WBDIO53
997916.6870 2859295.7257 WBD1053
995226.3120 2863424.4220 WETLANDF
995 528.0461 2863451.1630 1 T 1
995445.2549 2863568.9110 1T4
995419.0023 2863631.7686 WB1T5
995351.1225 2863651.6024 1T6
995341.4194 2863711.4692 1T7
995445.5500 2863568.1235 1T4
995633.1639 2863464.9231 1T2
995554.7557 2863538.3514 1T3
995215.8479 2863830.3465 1T8
995209.4291 2863 952.6764 l T9
995246.5772 2864128.8355 1T10
995364.4653 2864288.6572 1T11
995411.6776 2864326.8730 1T12
995375.2576 2864471.3400 1T12
995384.2643 2864232.6943 CLDTNWB
995440.0403 2863970.7801 CLDTNWB
995490.7638 2863806.7935 CLDTNWB
995536.0632 2863604.5165 CLDTNWB
995828.1221 2864792.0393 2T28
995919.2352 2864692.1780 2T26
996012.6980 2864620.4250 2T24
995886.1133 2864486.3824 2T
996232.7043 2864765.1264 2T27
996265.5597 2864730.2725 2T25
996250.7310 2864643.0321 2T23
996197.5546 2864614.8623 2T21
996127.3809 2864533.4879 2T19
995743.8381 2865000.5061 2T32
995720.5402 2864939.3538 2T30
995883.4312 2864936.7705 2T29
995830.4856 2864964.9405 2T34
995832.3856 2864410.6527 2T18
995756.3516 2864349.8005 2T16
995773.0335 2864206.0399 2T12
995799.6664 2864140.4251 2T10
995853.9303 2863993.0578 2T8

TUCKER PROPERTY, CURRITUCK, NC
FIELD LOCATED WETLAND POINTS
P.N. 94028.14
NORTHING EASTING NAME
996127.8690 2864530.4780 2T17
996167.1656 2863481.7309 WTFLAGNO
996175.7687 2863825.6811 2T2
996106.0307 2863844.1363 2T4
995887.8796 2863951.0728 2T6
996192.3206 2863947.8872 2T1
995983.1256 2864368.1346 2T15
996105.8033 2863983.1408 2T3
995967.6698 2864045.8714 2T7
995923.8309 2864251.7864 2T13
995876.4284 2864204.0329 2T11
995950.6435 2864117.2423 2T9
996014.7462 2864037.1525 2T5
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I hereby certify that this plat by Franklin R. Price, a Registered
Land surveyor, was an actual survey made under my supervision,
recorded in Deed Book -, Page _ of the Currltuck County
registry; that the error of closure as calculated by latitudes and
departures is 1.41647'. Witness my original signature, registration NCDOT
number and seal this --day of. - 1995. 0MON
Registered Land Surveyor , Registration Number STATE ROUTE 1 68 NCDOT
1059•D1'
NCDOT NAT I - r N64'4?f
41A-40 41-69A
N
41A-e4 TUCKER, C.W. ET
ANGLE I D.B. 229, PG. 410
/GAIA-8NE -
33 00 r
O*
41A-0 to N
M to
41A-l1 Z
41A-10
41A-79 N84"14'39"E R/S
41A-7e /S 2p0 /L C/L DITCH
41A-71
41A-76
41A-75 N-
41A-74
BUCKSKIN CREEK SUBDIVISION 41A-73
MAP BOOK 2, PG. 157
41A-72
41A-71
41A-70
41A-69
41A-aa
BENT
P/F
1
P,
PIPE 1.86' NORTH
OF HWY R/W LINE
NOTE ACCORDING TD THE FEDERAL. EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY (IT"
TMB PROPER'L'Y L4 RATED "ZONE AS' - AREA OF 100 YR F1A0D.
Me #870078-0175 d: -0160
LEGEND
41-70 POWER POLE
TREE
WHITEHURST, J.W. JR/d BRUMSEY, W.F. IIINIC LINE
D.B. 329, PG. 913
Ir-
1S GUM
13 GUN STUMP W/FENCE
.m n5 344 R/S 1I!• PAINTED OAK
41-698
68.25 ACRES
P
A%EL
41-86
POWELLL,, T.C.
D.B. 122, PG. 403
41-73
R/S TWIN PIN m WHITEHURST, J.W. JR ? BRUMSEY, W.F. III
OAK ON LINE D.B. 260, PG. 461
8" F/A GUM
R/S 1,C F/A GUM
15, GUM
P/F
D
aa F`
QV y
P`P
h?
?5
w R/S
1 200 ao
(IN FEET)
V ¦ 200'
P/F S/L MARKED GUM
qq??1;;20177.15 U?
BENT
1 SNAC"OAK' 34"W
PIPE/FD W/FENCE
41-87A PLAT OF 68.25 ACRES OF LAND
N/F LYING ON THE SOUTH LINE
BRUMSEY, W.F. III & WHITEHURST, J.W. OF STATE ROUTE 168,
D.B. 337, PG. 16
D.B. 122, PG. 403 NOORTTHH CAROLINA
FRANKLIN R. PRICE, RES
4915 IFATERS EDGE DRIVE • SUM 140 • RALEIGH, NC 27606
[phone]
DATE: 6/20/95 SCALE: 1" = 200' P.N. 94028.14
NOTE: BEARINGS ON NORTH CAROLINA GRID