20171194 Ver 1_P15115.1 Draft Prospectus 91317_20170920

Water Resources
ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
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Name: Quible & Associates, P.C. /Joel Lenk, P.G.
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P15115.1 Draft Prospectus 91317.pdf
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The attachments include a draft prospectus document and exhibits for the Camp Grier Mitigation Bank in
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SINCE 1959

CAMP GRIER MITIGATION BANK
PROSPECTUS

CATAWBA RIVER BASIN
HUC: 03050101
MCDOWELL COUNTY
NORTH CAROLINA

Prepared For:

CAMP GRIER 501(c)(3)

Prepared By:

Quible & Associates, P.C.
Engineering * Environmental Sciences * Planning * Surveying
P.O. Drawer 870
Kitty Hawk, North Carolina 27949
[phone] FAX [phone]
Quible.com

Project Number P15115.1
September 13, 2017
Camp Grier Mitigation Bank September 13, 2017
Prospectus

P.O. Drawer 870 ▪ Kitty Hawk, NC 27949
Telephone [phone] ▪ Fax [phone]
______________________________________
1
1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 SITE LOCATION & SUMMARY
The Camp Grier Mitigation Bank (CGMB) will be located at Camp Grier, a youth wilderness
camp situated north of the town of Old Fort in McDowell County, North Carolina. The
CGMB contains headwater streams of the upper Catawba River Basin. The project area
lies just outside a Targeted Local Watershed (TLW) by NC Department of Environmental
Quality. The CGMB will serve TLWs in the Catawba basin. The site entrance is at 985 Old
US 70, Old Fort, 28762. The center of the project area is roughly centered at Latitude
35.64397 N and 82.19258 N Longitude. A site location map can be found within Exhibit A,
the Camp Grier Conceptual Mitigation Plan for the project area. The property and project
area slope generally south from the southeast side of the Black Mountains range and
makes up part of the boundary between the mountain and piedmont physiographic regions
on the flank of the Blue Ridge escarpment. Streams that do not originate within the project
area flow from more than 27,000 acres of undeveloped USDA National Forest land. Jarrett
Creek flows through the property, and southern portion of the project area. Padgett
Branch, its tributaries and its confluence with Jarrett creek, make up the remainder of the
project area. Jarrett creek flows in to Mill Creek just south of the property. Mill Creek is a
major tributary, and trout fishery, of the South Fork of the Catawba River.

The Camp Grier property and project area are surrounded to the west, north, and east by
USDA Forrest Service Land. This site is bordered on its remaining southwest, south and
southeast sides by private undeveloped and residential properties. The 14-digit Hydrologic
Unit Code (HUC) for the site is 03050101010010. The CGMB will presumably serve the
area within the eight-digit HUC: 03050101 which extends to the South Carolina state line.
The project area will occupy approximately 109 acres within the 650-acre Camp Grier
property. Much of the project area has been impacted by logging before 1960 and is
currently suffering repetitive and ongoing impacts from camp activities and camp
development. Streams within the project appear to have been degraded from their current
NC DWR water quality classification by historic excavation, channelization, filling, and
stormwater, sediment, and nutrient impacts.

The Camp’s current administration recognizes the habitat and water quality need,
educational opportunity, and the potential that a mitigation bank could bring to the camp.
The board members for the Camp Grier 501 (c) (3) non-profit organization are currently
committed to the CGMB project.
Camp Grier Mitigation Bank September 13, 2017
Prospectus

P.O. Drawer 870 ▪ Kitty Hawk, NC 27949
Telephone [phone] ▪ Fax [phone]
______________________________________
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Based on preliminary site investigations, the project provides the opportunity to restore
approximately 6,833 linear feet of stream and 0.1 acre of wetlands, create another
approximately 0.4 acres of wetlands from the restoration of the existing Upper Padgett
Branch and creation of stormwater control measures, enhance approximately 5,810 linear
feet of stream, and preserve approximately 8,000 linear feet of headwater stream.
Preservation of headwater streams is proposed above the restored, created and enhanced
streams and wetlands thereby protecting the restored environment. The project will result
in more than 20,000 linear feet of stream, approximately 0.5 acres of wetlands, and 109
acres of stream and wetland buffer being protected in perpetuity by a conservation
easement and Mitigation Banking Instrument (MBI) for the project area. The conservation
easement is to be held by a nationally accredited, non-profit regional land trust, that serves
North Carolina’s eastern Blue Ridge Mountains and Foothills.

1.2 WATERSHED CHARACTERIZATION AND SERVICE AREA
Camp Grier lies within the headwaters of the upper Catawba River Basin (HUC:
03050101010010) and is proposed to serve the entire Catawba River Watershed (HUC:
03050101) in North Carolina, an area of 3,300 square miles that covers 11 counties. Per
information found on the NC Department of Mitigation Services website, the population in
the watershed is expected to nearly double in size from 1.8 million to 2.7 million residents
between the years of 2006 and 2030.

The NC Department of Environmental Quality (NC DEQ) 2007 Lower Catawba River Basin
Restoration Priorities and 2009 Upper Catawba River Restoration Priorities documents,
supplements to the original 2004 Catawba River Basin Watershed Restoration Plan,
highlight the 40 current TLWs within the Catawba Basin. The TLWs are selected based on
three criteria: Problems, Assets, and Opportunities. The Camp Grier Mitigation Bank
project area appears to lie just outside a current TLW for the Upper Catawba Basin and will
help meet Upper Catawba restoration goals outlined below and in the 2009 basin
Restoration Priorities:

· “Restoration of nutrient- and sediment-impaired waters (including tributary
streams) of the Catawba River mainstem lakes (water supply reservoirs),
including Lake James, Lake Rodhiss, Lake Hickory and Lookout Shoals
Lake.”
· “Protection of riparian buffers and aquatic habitat within the headwater
reaches of asset-rich watersheds of the upper Catawba River basin,
including the upper Linville River, North Fork Catawba River, Wilson Creek,
Mulberry Creek, Johns River and Lower Little River.”
· “Implementation of stormwater assessment and management efforts,
including stormwater BMP projects, within urban and suburban
subwatersheds in the Linville, Marion, Lenoir, Morganton, Hickory and
Taylorsville areas.”
· “Increased implementation of agricultural BMPs within heavily agricultural
sub-watersheds of TLWs, including North and South Muddy Creeks, Silver
Creek, lower Lower Creek, Lower Little River, Jumping Run Creek and Elk
Shoal Creek.”
Camp Grier Mitigation Bank September 13, 2017
Prospectus

P.O. Drawer 870 ▪ Kitty Hawk, NC 27949
Telephone [phone] ▪ Fax [phone]
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3
1.3 PROJECT PURPOSE
The project will utilize the environmental stewardship goals of Camp Grier’s current
administration to create a general use mitigation bank on approximately 109 acres of the
650-acre parcel. The purpose of the project is to compensate for losses of Waters of the
State permitted by State and Federal regulatory agencies through the restoration,
enhancement, creation and preservation of more than 20,000 linear feet of stream and
approximately 0.5 acres of wetlands. The project will provide measurable water quality
benefits to Padgett Branch and its tributaries, Jarrett Creek, Mill Creek and the Upper
Catawba River by restoring impacted and unstable stream reaches and by reducing
nutrient, sediment, and bacterial impacts conveyed to project area streams by stormwater,
agriculture, and erosion. Ongoing stormwater impacts will be mitigated through
implementation of a Stormwater Management Plan for the entire developed area of the
parcel through stormwater and livestock Stormwater Control Measures (SCMs, formerly
referred to as BMPs) and establishment and enhancement of wide and diverse native
riparian buffers.

The project will limit future impacts from camp related activities and create, improve and
extend habitat from USDA National Forest land and unimpacted areas of the property and
surrounding properties by increasing shade and supply of beneficial organic material (e.g.
leaf pack) resulting in a reduction in water temperature and increase in dissolved oxygen
levels in the streams.

1.4 FUTURE SITE DEVELOPMENT
The Camp Grier property has suffered land and water quality impacts associated first with
historic logging in the 1950’s, subsequently by agriculture, aquaculture, and lake building
circa 1960. More recently impacts from increased camp development, related recreational
activities and gravel and soil roads and trails are contributing most heavily to water quality
impacts at the site. Roads and trails currently provide the conduit for sediment, nutrient,
and biological water quality impacts.

The demonstrable treat of future camp development is evident as new camp leadership
has been successful in acquiring additional funding, developing new camp programs, and
soliciting additional camp users of the property. New camp activities include an equestrian
program, increased hiking trails, mountain biking trails and additional lake infrastructure
and activities. More roads, trails and additional horse and livestock pasture are currently in
the planning stages. Additionally, traditional mowing and vegetation management
techniques used within riparian areas are contributing to nutrient, pollutant, sediment, and
temperature impacts to Jarrett Creek and Padgett Branch within the project area and
downstream. Without the establishment of the Camp Grier Mitigation Bank and its
associated covenants and easement, that will permanently protect streams, impacts to
wetlands and riparian buffers and water quality will continue and worsen. Additionally,
future camp administrations may not have the foresight or interest to consider and pursue
the mitigation banking and conservation option. Finally, if the camp were to ever become
non-viable, as it nearly did several years ago, the owners of the property may consider sale
of the property for development to fund church and mission related efforts.

As planned, the CGMB will restore, enhance and preserve streams, wetlands and their
buffers within the 109-acre area most heavily impacted by historic logging, lake creation,
and past, present, and future camp and maintenance activities. Through the establishment
of the CGMB, the site will likely continue to operate only as a wilderness camp with a new
water and land quality educational component and awareness. Current impacts and new
Camp Grier Mitigation Bank September 13, 2017
Prospectus

P.O. Drawer 870 ▪ Kitty Hawk, NC 27949
Telephone [phone] ▪ Fax [phone]
______________________________________
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Camp development will be managed and relocated outside established riparian buffers
where possible and access to areas with stream buffers will be restricted by signage and
exclusionary fencing. The only currently foreseen use of the Camp Grier Parcel is as a
wilderness camp and recreation area.

2.0 BASELINE CONDITIONS

2.1 COMMUNITY TYPES
The CGMB lies in the “Blue Ridge Level III Ecoregion” of the US and the “Eastern Blue
Ridge Foothills Level IV Ecoregion” according to the Ecoregions Map of North Carolina
(Griffith, G.E., Omernik, J.M., Comstock, J.A., Schafale, M.P., McNab, W.H., Lenat, D.R.,
and MacPherson, T.F., 2002, Ecoregions of North Carolina, U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Corvallis, OR, (map scale 1:1,500,000)). Natural Communities within the project
area included altered Rich Cove and Acidic Cove Forrest (Schafale, M.P. and A.S.
Weakley. 1990. CLASSIFICATION OF THE NATURAL COMMUNITIES OF NORTH
CAROLINA THIRD APPROXIMATION. NC Natural Heritage Program, Raleigh, NC.)

2.2 VEGETATION
Dominant vegetation within the riparian corridor includes, tulip poplar (Liriodendron
tulipifera), black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia), various oak (Quercus var.), red maple
(Acer rubrum), shellbark hickory (Carya laciniosa), rhododendron (Rhododendron var.),
mountain alder (Alnus viridis), box elder (Acer negundo), Christmas fern (Polystichum
acrostichoides) , New York fern (Thelypteris noveboracensis), jewel weed (Impatiens
capensis), poison ivy (Toxadendron radicans) and stinging nettle (Urtica dioica) .
Significantly large portions of the project area, where riparian buffers are to be restored and
enhanced, are currently vegetated with maintained turf grasses. Some riparian areas, due
to current vegetation management, are mostly bare soil. Exotic invasive plant species
observed within the project area include but may not be limited to Japanese knot weed
(Polygonum cuspidatum), multiflora rose (Rosa multiflora), Chinese grass (Boehmeria
nivea) and Chinese privet (Ligustrum sinense).

2.3 SOIL CHARACTERIZATION
The CGMB project area consists of slopes that range from nearly flat to steep,
approximately 3% to nearly 100% slope. The project area is predominantly comprised of
Chestnut-Ashe complex and Dillard loam soils. Chestnut-Ashe soils are classified as
having slopes ranging from 50 to 95 percent, are well drained with a high runoff class, and
a depth to restrictive feature greater than 80 inches. Dillard loam soils are classified as
having slopes ranging from 1 to 5 percent, are moderately well drained, with a low runoff
class, and a depth to restrictive feature greater than 80 inches. A USDA soil map for
McDowell County and project area is included as Exhibit B.

2.4 HYDROLOGY AND HYDRAULIC CHARACTERISTICS
The sub-basins and contributing watersheds for both Jarrett Creek and Padgett Branch
extend beyond the CGMB project boundary and Camp Grier property boundary. Jarrett
Creek, upstream of the project area to the Town of Old Fort water supply intake (which sits
adjacent to the property boundary), is classified by NC Department of Environmental
Quality (NC DEQ) as “C:HQW”. Jarrett Creek originates approximately 4.5 miles upstream
of the Camp Grier property boundary entirely within USDA National Forest land at an
elevation of approximately 4,000 feet on the southeast slope of Glass Rock Knob.
Interestingly, Jarrett Creek within the Camp Grier property extending downstream to its
confluence with Mill Creek has a water quality classification set by NC DEQ of “C”. Mill
Camp Grier Mitigation Bank September 13, 2017
Prospectus

P.O. Drawer 870 ▪ Kitty Hawk, NC 27949
Telephone [phone] ▪ Fax [phone]
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5
Creek, downstream of Jarrett Creek, is classified as “C:Tr”. Jarrett Creek is a third order
stream as it flows through Camp Grier Property and the project area.

Padgett Branch above Camp Grier Lake is classified as a “B;Tr” while Padgett Branch
below Camp Grier Lake is classified as “C:Tr” water. About half of the unnamed tributaries
to Padgett Brach originate on Camp Grier property within the project area. Padgett Branch
is a second order stream. Several of the goals of the CGMB project will be to:
1. Return the water quality classification of Jarrett Creek within the Camp Grier
property and project boundary to a NC DWR Water Quality Classification of C:Tr or
higher;
2. Restore Padgett Branch and its tributaries to B:Tr classification standards or higher.

Reclassification of Padgett Branch to a standard representative of its current water quality
may be beneficial to the CGMB project.

The contributing watershed for Jarrett Creek is entirely undeveloped except for soil roads,
infrastructure, and the inline impoundment related to the historic Town of Old Fort Water
Supply (minimal), until the stream reaches the confluence of Padgett Branch and Camp
Grier Road (located within 50 feet of one another). At this point warm, sediment, nutrient
and bacterial laden stream water and stormwater enter Jarrett Creek which is causing
visible and apparently measurable impacts to water quality. Downstream of the Padgett
Branch/Jarrett Creek confluence the riparian buffer for Jarrett Creek narrows significantly
and runoff from Camp Grier Road is impacting water quality through sediment, nutrient, and
temperature inputs. As part of the CGMB project, Camp Grier has secured an option to
purchase an approximately 100-feet wide, 4-acre strip of undeveloped land adjacent to
Jarrett Creek in order to permanently protect Jarret Creek within the Camp Grier Boundary
and project area. The average stream slope of Jarrett Creek was measured using existing
topographic data to be approximately 9% and its contributing watershed above the project
area is approximately 2,780 acres.

The lower reach of Padgett Branch from it confluence with Jarrett Creek upstream to the
Camp Grier Lake dam has been impacted historically by the building of Camp Grier Road
and filling of the stream channel and associated floodplain with blasted rock debris fill.
Large volumes of sediment are entering the Lower Padgett Branch through unmitigated
stormwater flowing from Camp Grier Road. Sediment entry points were observed and
noted at multiple distinct locations along the road/streambank. Unnatural upland sediment
deposits are visible throughout the Lower Padgett Branch. Photos of unnatural sediment
deposits as well as other portions of the project area are included as Exhibit C.

The culvert that conveys Lower Padgett Branch beneath Camp Grier Road (approximately
100 feet below Camp Grier Lake Dam) is a barrier to aquatic passage. Padgett Branch
does not appear to have a volume or depth of flow to support trout; however, should
apparently support species of minnows and macro-invertebrates that support trout and
other fauna. Interestingly, the Camp Grier Lake Dam appears as though it may impose
less of an aquatic barrier than the referenced culvert due to its spillway design and the
continual flow of water down the non-vertical dam face. This spillway structure appears
that it may allow macro invertebrates to crawl up and over into Camp Grier Lake and
continue upstream. The lake also provides an opportunity for restoration and/or
enhancement through installation of a cool water release structure to Lower Padgett
Branch.

Camp Grier Mitigation Bank September 13, 2017
Prospectus

P.O. Drawer 870 ▪ Kitty Hawk, NC 27949
Telephone [phone] ▪ Fax [phone]
______________________________________
6
The average stream channel slope of Padgett branch from Camp Grier Lake Dam to its
confluence with Jarrett Creek was measured using existing topographic data to be
approximately 11%. The contributing watershed for all of Padgett Branch to the confluence
of Jarrett Creek is approximately 460 acres.

The main stem of Padgett Branch above Camp Grier Lake (Upper Padgett Branch) has a
shallower slope than the lower reach downstream of the lake. Tributaries predominantly
enter the upper reach from the north and from Camp Grier property. The slope of the main
stem of the upper reach of Padgett Branch was measured to be approximately 3%-5%. Its
tributaries, T1-T11 steepen significantly up valley. Much of the riparian buffer along the
main stem of Padgett Branch is maintained using traditional non-environmentally sensitive
mowing and vegetation management techniques. The main stem of Upper Padgett Branch
and several of the downstream ends of its tributaries appear to have been historically
relocated toward the edge of their natural valleys and appear to have been straightened
and deepened. Four small impoundments have been observed and noted in Upper
Padgett Branch and its tributaries, one along the main stem (reportedly historically used to
fill the swimming pool), one in Tributary T1A (apparently to help regulate flow in trout ponds
constructed in the riparian buffer), one in T2A (also associated with trout pisciculture) and a
fourth in Tributary T2 for an unknown purpose (see Exhibit A). Finally, an apparent .01-
acre wetland area at the upstream end of Tributary T2A has been historically impacted by
excavation and water conveyance infrastructure. A United States Army Corps of Engineers
(USACE) NC Wetland Assessment Methodology (NC WAM) form has been completed for
this area and is included Exhibit D-Stream & Wetland Data Forms.

2.5 PRELIMINARY STREAM CLASSIFICATION
Nearly all of the approximately 20,000 linear feet of stream within the CGMB project area
have been observed on multiple occasions prior to preparation of this prospectus
document. Photographic documentation of representative areas of streams are included
as Exhibit C. USACE North Carolina Stream Assessment Methodology (NC SAM) forms
have been completed for both Jarrett Creek and the main stem of Padgett Branch (Exhibit
D). Preliminary cross-sections on the main stem of Padgett Branch were measured using
non-survey grade techniques with conventional measuring tapes. Measurements were
converted to cross-sections and measured dimensions were applied to the Key to Rosgen
Classification of Natural Rivers. Cross-sections, current Rosgen Classifications, and
proposed conditions are included as Exhibit E-Cross-Sections & Rosgen Classification.
Jarrett Creek within the project reach has a lower slope (estimated to be 4%) than the
reach above the Padgett Branch confluence. Jarrett Creek within the project area is
preliminarily classified as a classic, minimally impaired “B4a-B5a” stream by the Rosgen
Classification of Natural Rivers, however is suffering from the impacts discussed above.
Lower Padgett Branch below Camp Crier Lake at Cross-Section 1 is preliminarily classified
as an impaired “A5” stream. The main stem of Upper Padgett Branch above Camp Grier
Lake at Cross-section 2 was preliminary assessed as an impaired “B6” stream with low
sinuosity due to historic straightening and dredging. Further upstream above the swimming
pool on Upper Padgett Branch at Cross-section 3, Padgett Brach was classified as an
impaired G6 stream (Exhibit E).

3.0 CONCEPTUAL RESTORATION PLAN

3.1 OVERVIEW
Mitigation within the project area will consist of Restoration (Levels 1-4), Enhancement
Camp Grier Mitigation Bank September 13, 2017
Prospectus

P.O. Drawer 870 ▪ Kitty Hawk, NC 27949
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(Levels 1 & 2) and Preservation of streams and their buffers upstream of restored and
enhanced areas. Riparian Buffer Restoration, and a holistic Stormwater Management Plan
will contribute to the CGMB project and improvements in water quality and habitat. The
Conceptual Mitigation Plan is attached as Exhibit A.

3.2 RESTORATION AND ENHANCEMENT
Restoration of streams and wetlands within the project area is being conducted based on
industry standard assessment techniques established by Rosgen/Wildland Hydrology,
North Carolina State Stream Restoration Institute and United States Army Corps of
Engineers. Assessment of channel dimension, pattern, and profile and natural channel
design concepts are being used for streams within the project area. Streams will be
designed to resemble and function as stable and natural streams and “reference”
conditions.

Wetland assessment and restoration is being conducted using the US Army Corps of
Engineers three parameter approach and restored wetlands will be designed to possess
wetland soils, a dominance of wetland plants, wetland hydrology and will mimic “reference”
wetlands found in similar settings on the Camp Grier property and nearby. Wetlands within
the project area have or will be delineated and flagged in the field before a formal Mitigation
Plan is submitted for the CGMB project. Confirmation of jurisdictional boundaries for
wetlands within the project area is requested before survey grade data is collected for the
project by a NC Licensed Surveyor.

It is assumed, based on observations made with in the project area that locations and
lengths of streams are not accurately portrayed as “blue lines” on USGS maps of the area
and other readily available sources of information. North Carolina Division of Water
Resources, Stream Identification Forms have been filled out for many of the streams within
the project area and the upstream jurisdictional extent of streams have been flagged in the
field for these streams (Exhibit D). Confirmation of the jurisdictional boundary for streams
within the project area is requested before survey grade data is collected for the project by
a NC Licensed Surveyor.

A large component of the restoration of streams that originate and flow through Camp Grier
property will be a holistic Stormwater Management Plan that will address developed
impervious surfaces within Camp Grier including gravel and soil roads and trails.
Preliminary assessment of the site suggests that many of the impacts to streams within the
project area and downstream are resulting from unmitigated stormwater inputs.

Approximately 6,800 linear feet of stream is proposed to be restored within the CGMB
project area. Stream restoration will include Priority 1, 2, 3, and 4 Options for restoring
incised and impaired channels. Restoration and Enhancement of CGMB streams will be
augmented by stormwater, sediment and erosion control, and agricultural Best
Management Practices/Stormwater Control Measures (SCMs) that will significantly reduce:
· Peak flows resulting from impervious surface runoff
· Warm water temperature inputs
· Sediment, nutrient, and biological inputs

Riparian buffers within the project area will be restored, enhanced, and preserved to a
minimum average width of 30 feet and much greater in many areas.

Undisturbed riparian buffers and streams above the project area are proposed to be placed
Camp Grier Mitigation Bank September 13, 2017
Prospectus

P.O. Drawer 870 ▪ Kitty Hawk, NC 27949
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into permanent conservation and protected by the conservation easement for the project.
The conceptual plan for the entire project area is visible in Exhibit A.

JARRETT CREEK
Jarrett Creek from the Camp Grier property line to the confluence with Padgett Branch is
proposed to be restored by completing the following list of activities that are assumed to fall
within the Enhancement Level I category. Specifically, enhancement of Jarrett Creek is
proposed to include but may not be limited to:
· Installation of an in-stream structure that will reduce hydraulic stress on the river-
right streambank at the downstream bridge;
· Removal of historic concrete and piping debris from the stream channel and
streambanks near the upstream bridge;
· Enhancement of the riparian buffer, including purchase of adjacent property so that
the buffer can be expanded to greater than 150 feet width;
· Installation of engineered SCMs along Camp Grier Road;
· Adjustment to camber along Camp Grier Road to direct stormwater to SCMs.

The conceptual plan for Jarrett Creek and surrounding project area is visible on Sheet 2 of
Exhibit A. Jarrett Creek and Camp Grier Road are apparently located within a FEMA FIRM
Zone. Proposed enhancement activities are not anticipated to require a FEMA No-rise
Certification at this time in part because if this project is approved, the conservation
easement for the project will encompass the entire FIRM zone and will preclude further
encroachment and development.

LOWER PADGETT BRANCH
The lower reach of Padgett Branch (approximately 835 feet) is proposed to be restored by
what is best described as Priority 3 Restoration in combination with stormwater and
sediment and erosion control SCMs and riparian buffer enhancement (Sheet 3-Exhibit A).
Lower Padgett Branch is a steep “A” stream type with natural bedrock and boulder grade
control throughout (Exhibit E). A majority of Lower Padgett Branch is clogged with rock
debris from road building activities associated with Camp Grier Road. The clogged
channel appears to have increased hydraulic stress on the river-right side streambank
which is causing erosion and bank failure (Exhibit C). The stream is further impaired by
warm, unmitigated, sediment laden stormwater that originates from Camp Grier Road.

The section of Camp Grier Road that produces stormwater flowing to and impacting Lower
Padgett Branch will be modified to adjust camber, reduce its slope and direct stormwater to
multiple, sequenced SCMs designed to mitigate stormwater for the design
storm/precipitation event with an emphasis on infiltration. Rock debris is proposed to be
relocated to failing and higher stress areas of streambanks and strategically placed to
reduce near-bank hydraulic stress. Rock debris may also be carefully placed high on the
river-left streambank (talus slope from road building) or be removed from the channel and
project area altogether. The suspended culvert beneath Camp Grier Road is proposed to
be addressed to improve aquatic passage. A cool water release structure is proposed to
be installed in Camp Grier Lake. Please refer to Exhibit A for additional details about each
restoration area. Exhibit E contains preliminary existing condition cross-sections of Lower
Padgett Branch and Exhibit C contains photographs of this area.

TRIBUTARIES T1, T1A, T1B, T1C & T1D
Tributary T1 as it approaches Camp Grier Lake is proposed to be modified to include a
forebay to trap sediment before it enters Camp Grier Lake. Proposed forebays may be
Camp Grier Mitigation Bank September 13, 2017
Prospectus

P.O. Drawer 870 ▪ Kitty Hawk, NC 27949
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held out of the project area depending on feedback from USACE, NC DWR, and the IRT.
Fencing along the northeast side of the Horse Pasture (river-right side T1) and other
development and infrastructure within a minimum 30-feet riparian area will be relocated
outside the buffer to allow buffer enhancement and restoration. Priority 2 and 3 restoration
options will be used in this area in combination with agricultural and stormwater SCMs.
Historic trout farming infrastructure, construction and landscaping debris, and a small dam
and sediment filled impoundment will be removed from Tributary T1A. Finally, a
suspended culvert will be addressed at the upper road crossing over Tributary T1A to allow
for improved aquatic passage. Above restoration areas, streams associated with Tributary
T1 will be enhanced (Level 2) and preserved through the establishment of permanent trail
crossings through stream buffers and over streams, installation of stormwater SCMs
associated with the trails and historic soil roads, and recordation of the conservation
easement and MBI for the CGMB project. Please refer to Sheets 8 and 9 in Exhibit A.

UPPER PADGETT BRANCH AND TRIBUTARIES T2, T2A & T2B
The riparian buffer is proposed to be restored and enhanced along Upper Padgett Branch
these tributaries to a minimum width of 30 feet. The main stem of Upper Padgett Branch is
proposed to be addressed using Priority 1 and 2 Restoration Options. Implementation of
stormwater and Sediment and Erosion Control SCMs, realignment and camber/sloping of
Camp Grier Road, and riparian buffer creation and enhancement will contribute to the
restoration and presumably qualify as Enhancement Level 2 for areas upstream of
restoration areas. A forebay is proposed just upstream of Camp Grier Lake in order to trap
sediment before it enters the lake. Additionally, historic, sediment filled, impoundments
and small dam structures will be removed from the main stem and tributaries of Upper
Padgett Branch. Impoundment locations are shown on Sheets 4 and 5 of Exhibit A and in
the photos within Exhibit C.

Priority 2 and 4 Restoration Options are proposed along Tributaries T2, T2A and T2B (See
Sheets 4 and 10-Exhibit A). Suspended culverts located beneath Camp Grier Road and
access roads to the Maintenance Building and Caretakers House are proposed to be
addressed by the restoration. Removal of a small dam structure and impoundment are
proposed from Tributary T2. Stormwater SCMs are proposed for the Caretaker Cabin,
Maintenance Building, Camp Grier Road and the other impervious areas that drain to the
area. Wetland restoration is proposed at the upstream end of Tributary T2A in an area
impacted by historic trout farming infrastructure. Above the restoration areas streams are
proposed to be enhanced (Enhancement Level 2) and preserved through the establishment
of permanent trail crossings, installation of stormwater SCMs, and recordation of the
conservation easement and MBI for the project.

UPPER PADGETT BRANCH AND TRIBUTARIES T3 & T3A
Tributary T3 is proposed to be restored using a Priority 2 Restoration Option from its
confluence with Padgett Branch upstream for approximately 300 feet to the access road for
Main Camp (Sheets 5 and 12-Exhibit A). Two suspended culverts beneath Camp Grier
Road and the Main Camp access road are proposed to be addressed as part of the
restoration. Stormwater SCMs associated with the buildings, roads and infrastructure on
the east side of Main Camp will contribute to the restoration.

The reach of Tributary T3 extending upstream from the restoration area to a location just
upstream of a cabin visible on Sheet 12 of Exhibit A is proposed to be enhanced (Level 1)
through riparian buffer restoration and stormwater SCMs associated with impervious
infrastructure. Above the cabin, Tributary T3 is proposed to be enhanced (Level 2) and
Camp Grier Mitigation Bank September 13, 2017
Prospectus

P.O. Drawer 870 ▪ Kitty Hawk, NC 27949
Telephone [phone] ▪ Fax [phone]
______________________________________
10
preserved by establishment of permanent trail crossings, installation of stormwater SCMs
for trails, and the conservation easement and MBI for the project.

TRIBUTARIES T4, T4A, AND T5
Tributaries T4 and T5 are proposed to be restored using a Priority 2 Restoration Option in
combination with riparian buffer establishment and stormwater SCMs. Restoration is
proposed from the tributaries’ confluences with Padgett Branch upstream to Camp Grier
Road. Enhancement Level 2 is proposed on Tributary T5 from Camp Grier Road to the
jurisdictional stream boundary. Enhancement Level 2 is proposed on Tributary 4 from
Camp Grier Road to the furthest upstream trail crossing. Preservation is proposed from
this trail crossing to the jurisdictional boundary for the stream and is shown on Sheet 13 of
the Camp Grier Conceptual Mitigation Plan.

UPPER PADGETT BRANCH AND TRIBUTARIES T6, T7, AND T8
The upstream end of Padgett Branch appears to flow near to and possibly beyond the east
property line with USDA forest service land. Until surveyed boundary information is
available for this area, it is unclear whether the entire reach of Padgett Branch, or enough
of its stream buffer exists on Camp Grier property for this area to be included in the project.
Regardless, Enhancement Level 2 of Tributaries T6, T7, and T8, through the stormwater
management associated with cabins, roads and trails that drain to the tributaries, are
proposed as part of the CGMB project. Reaches of stream above enhancement areas are
proposed to be preserved by the conservation easement and Mitigation Banking Instrument
(MBI) for the project.

TRIBUTARIES T9, T10, & T11
Tributaries T9, T10 and T11 that drain to Camp Grier Lake and Padgett Branch from the
east from USDA National Forest land will be preserved by the conservation easement and
Mitigation Banking Instrument for the project.

3.2.1 WETLAND RESTORATION AND CREATION
Restoration of wetlands within the project area will include restoration of the wetland area
associated with Tributary T2 described above. Creation of wetlands within the project area
will consist of stormwater SCMs associated with impervious roads, buildings and
infrastructure that drain to the Camp Grier Mitigation Bank project area, and the restoration
of the existing Upper Padgett Branch.

4.0 PROPOSED MONITORING PLAN
The Monitoring Plan for Camp Grier Mitigation Bank will be developed to demonstrate that
the site is trending toward success and will meet the goals of the Mitigation Plan. The
Monitoring Plan will adhere to the Monitoring and Performance Standards for
Compensatory Mitigation in North Carolina document produced by the North Carolina
Interagency Review Team-February 8, 2013 or more recent guidance specified by the
Interagency Review Team (IRT) for this project as triggered by the submittal of this
prospectus document in order to meet 33 CFR part 332 (Mitigation Rule).

4.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
Site monitoring will occur for a period of seven years. It is understood that if performance
standards have not been met by year seven additional monitoring may be required.
Monitoring reports will be completed annually for all seven years and will be submitted to
USACE by April 1 of the year following the monitoring. Monitoring reports will be prepared
and formatted per Regulatory Guidance Letter (RGL 08-03).
Camp Grier Mitigation Bank September 13, 2017
Prospectus

P.O. Drawer 870 ▪ Kitty Hawk, NC 27949
Telephone [phone] ▪ Fax [phone]
______________________________________
11

As-built surveys and information will be completed within 60 days following construction of
the CGMB project in order to document baseline conditions. As-builts will include but may
not be limited to: photo documentation of all cross-sections and structures, plan view
diagrams, longitudinal profiles, vegetation information, and the location of all monitoring
activities. As-builts will not be provided for Preservation-only portions of the project area.

4.2 Planted VEGETATION MONITORING
Vegetation plots will be monitored for seven years with monitoring events on years 1-3, 5
and 7. Vegetation planting and replanting will be conducted between November 15 and
March 15. Vegetation monitoring will be conducted between July 1 and leaf drop. Planted
vegetation will be in the ground for no less than 180 days before the first year of monitoring
on Year 1.

Vegetation plots will be randomly located across the site to provide random sampling of all
the vegetation community types reestablished at the site. Vegetation monitoring will follow
the 16-step procedure outlined in the Monitoring and Performance Standards for
Compensatory Mitigation in North Carolina requirements specified in Section V, A-
Vegetation Planting and Monitoring Requirements and Section V B-Planted Vegetation
Performance Standards

4.3 STREAM CHANNEL STABILITY AND HYDROLOGY MONITORING
Stability and Hydrology Monitoring will be conducted per the Monitoring and Performance
Standards for Compensatory Mitigation in North Carolina Section VI in order to show that
proposed in-stream work has corrected channel bed and bank instability for areas of the
site where instability is identified as a primary objective in the Mitigation Plan and for areas
where instream work changes channel dimension below bankfull elevation.

Channel stability will be monitored for seven years. Reference stakes marking surveyed
stations and corresponding as-built survey and longitudinal profile will be installed in the
buffer near the stream bank every 100 feet along the stream.

Permanent, monumented cross-sections will be installed at an approximate frequency of
one per 20 bankfull widths measured along the thalweg.

Monitored cross-sections located in stream bends will include an array of bank pins per the
referenced guidance. Lateral movement of the streambanks as indicated by pin exposure
will be reported in all monitoring reports.

Crest gauges will be installed to document bankfull events. At least one gauge will be
installed on each tributary greater than 500 feet in length. One gauge will be installed for
every 5,000 feet of length on each tributary.

Stream Channel Stability and Stream Hydrology Performance Standards outlined in Section
VI ,B of the referenced guidance will be followed. Jurisdictional stream determinations will
be requested before the Mitigation Plan is complete.

4.3 STREAM WATER QUALITY AND MACROINVERTEBRATE MONITORING
As with other stream monitoring described above water quality and macro-benthos
monitoring will comply with Monitoring and Performance Standards for Compensatory
Mitigation in North Carolina and specifically with Section VII of the referenced standards.
Camp Grier Mitigation Bank September 13, 2017
Prospectus

P.O. Drawer 870 ▪ Kitty Hawk, NC 27949
Telephone [phone] ▪ Fax [phone]
______________________________________
12

Water quality sampling will be conducted prior to construction and twice a year throughout
the monitoring period. Sampling will include measurements of pH, temperature, dissolved
oxygen, and conductivity. Biological and nutrient monitoring will also be monitored in an
effort to show a reduction in coliforms and nutrients.

Each tributary longer than 500 feet will be sampled at two locations, one near the upstream
and one near downstream end of the reach.

Water quality sampling will be conducted during normal flow conditions 48 hours or longer
after any precipitation event totaling one inch or greater as determined by nearby weather
stations or on-site rain gauges.

Macroinvertebrate sampling will be conducted prior to construction and once a year during
monitoring years three, five, and seven. Sampling will be conducted on tributaries greater
than 1000 feet in length. Sampling points will be located on riffles with the first point located
on the lowest riffle of the tributary.

A reference location will be sampled for comparison and will be located in an on-site
preservation reach or upstream of the project area. All samples will be collected in
accordance with the Qual 4 protocol described in Standard Operation Procedures for
Collection and Analysis of Benthic Macroinvertebrates by a qualified professional. Water
quality and macroinvertebrate sampling will be conducted during the same time of year and
within the index period specified in the NC DWR Small Streams Biocriteria Development
document (May 29, 2009). Samples will be identified to the lowest practical taxonomic level
by a NC DWR certified laboratory for macroinvertebrates.

5.0 BANK OPERATION
The subject property is currently owned by Camp Grier 501(c) (3) and the project area has
not been encumbered by a conservation easement. A conservation easement does exist
on Camp Grier Property to the west of the project area (Exhibit A-Sheet 1). The existing
conservation easement in combination with the proposed CGMB conservation easement
will protect all jurisdictional water on the 650 acre parcel with the exception of Camp Grier
Lake. Camp Grier will serve as the legal entity and Bank Sponsor for the purposes of the
CGMB project. Camp Grier, the Town of Old Fort, and the USDA Forest Service are the
only entities that have any control of streams, wetlands, and infrastructure affecting the
hydrology of the site. The CGMB project team, consists of licensed geologists, professional
engineers, planners, and surveyors who have extensive experience in water resource and
riparian restoration projects. In addition, the Sponsor employs staff that hold degrees in and
have professional experience with business, finance, law ecology, forestry, and natural
resource management. Together, the project team possess the necessary credentials to
execute the proposed project such that it meets the goals that will be further outlined in the
Mitigation Plan for the project. Some of the site evaluations (e.g. soil survey, stream and
wetland delineations, and conceptual planning and design) have been completed for the
site. However, a more detailed stream assessment, additional survey, design, and
engineering work will be necessary for the development of the Mitigation Plan. A MBI will
also be developed and submitted prior to completion of the Mitigation Plan and project
construction.

Upon acceptance of the final Mitigation Plan by the IRT, the Bank Sponsor will initiate
proposed construction activities for the development of the CGMB site. Mitigation bank
Camp Grier Mitigation Bank September 13, 2017
Prospectus

P.O. Drawer 870 ▪ Kitty Hawk, NC 27949
Telephone [phone] ▪ Fax [phone]
______________________________________
13
credits are proposed to be calculated using the following standard:

Mitigation Type Unit Unit of Treatment:Credits

Stream Restoration feet 1:1

Wetland Restoration/Creation 0.25 acre 1:1

Stream Enhancement (Level I) feet 1.5:1

Stream Enhancement (Level II) feet 2.5:1

Stream Preservation feet 4:1

Mitigation credits generated by CGMB will be used to offset wetland and stream impacts
authorized by federal permits or state water quality certifications that are in compliance with
the Clean Water Act, Section 404 (b)(1) guidelines and other applicable federal and state
legislation, regulations, and policies. Prior to release of CGMB credits, the following
requirements will be met: (1) approval of the final Mitigation Plan and execution of the MBI;
(2) securing the bank site; and (3) establishment of appropriate financial assurances.

Assuming the aforementioned ratios for stream and wetland: restoration, enhancement,
and preservation are accepted and considering BCF adjustments, it is estimated that at
least approximately 11,906 stream credits and 2 wetland credits will be generated through
the establishment of the Camp Grier Mitigation Bank. It is assumed that the Bank Sponsor
may choose to initiate construction of the project in two separate phases if market demand
is deemed to be insufficient during the initial stages of development. A tentative Schedule
for establishment of the bank site is outlined below.

Upon execution of the MBI, a conservation easement deed for the site will conveyed to an
appropriate public land trust organization such as Foothills Conservancy. The terms and
conditions of the conservation easement will ensure the protection of the site in perpetuity.
The ownership of the Bank will reside with the Sponsor until completion of the debiting of
the Bank. The Sponsor is currently negotiating with several registered and/or certified land
trust organizations to serve as the holder of the conservation easement. The holder of the
conservation easement will be responsible for long-term protection and management of the
site. The easement will prohibit any activities (e.g. timbering, farming, building, etc.) that
would alter the environmental state of the Bank site. Conditions of the easement are
proposed to not restrict passive recreational, educational, and/or research activities.

The Bank Sponsor will be responsible for securing appropriate financial assurances in the
form of construction, monitoring, and maintenance bonds to cover contingency measures in
the event of Bank default or failure. Performance monitoring will be conducted for a 7-year
period subsequent to project construction. Annual monitoring will evaluate the
development of stream function and document site performance relative to established
success criteria. In addition, monitoring activities will identify any site deficiencies that may
warrant remedial action. Monitoring reports documenting site success and/or failure will be
submitted to the IRT each year. Upon submittal of annual monitoring reports
demonstrating the fulfillment of site success criteria, stream credits will be released
according to an approved credit release schedule. The table below outlines proposed
information on project timeline and credit release schedule.
Camp Grier Mitigation Bank September 13, 2017
Prospectus

P.O. Drawer 870 ▪ Kitty Hawk, NC 27949
Telephone [phone] ▪ Fax [phone]
______________________________________
14

Proposed Credit Release Schedule
Task Percentage of Credits
Released
(cumulative)
Date of Completion
Execution of MBI;
Approval of Final
Mitigation Plan;
Recordation of
Conservation
Easement
15 (15) December 2017
Completion of all
Restoration
Activities
15 (30) December 2018
Monitoring Plan
Year 1 Monitoring
(post-construction)
10 (40) September 2019
Year 2 Monitoring
(post-construction)
10 (50) September 2020
Year 3 Monitoring
(post-construction)
10 (60) September 2021
Year 4 Monitoring
(post-construction)
10 (70) September 2022
Year 5 Monitoring
(post-construction)
10 (80) September 2023
Year 6 Monitoring
(post-construction)
10 (90) September 2024
Year 7 Monitoring
(post-construction)
10 (100) September 2025
TOTAL 100

The Sponsor shall develop accounting procedures for maintaining accurate records of
debits made from be Bank that is acceptable to the IRT. Such procedures shall include
the generation of a debit report by the sponsor documenting all credits used at the time
they are debited from the bank. Debit reports shall be provided to each member of the
IRT within 30 days of the date of credit sale. In addition, the Sponsor shall prepare an
Annual Report to be provided to each IRT member within thirty (30) days of each
anniversary of the date of execution of the MBI, showing all credits used and the balance
of credits remaining. The Sponsor's reporting obligations hereunder shall end upon the
sale of all credits or termination of the MBI, whichever event first occurs.

6.0 CONCLUSION
The proposed restoration, enhancement, and preservation activities at CGMB will
provide tangible benefits to both water quality and habitat within a watershed that has
Camp Grier Mitigation Bank September 13, 2017
Prospectus

P.O. Drawer 870 ▪ Kitty Hawk, NC 27949
Telephone [phone] ▪ Fax [phone]
______________________________________
15
been degraded by decades of silvicultural and poor land management. These benefits
will be realized through:
· Implementation of an engineered holistic Stormwater Management Plan and
installation of Stormwater Control Measures for the entire developed area of the
property;
· Stabilization and restoration of streams and streambanks;
· Restoration of riparian corridors within the project area;
· Stewardship of the land by an accredited Land Trust or Conservancy.

8.0 SOURCES OF INFORMATION
· Ecoregions Map of North Carolina (Griffith, G.E., Omernik, J.M., Comstock, J.A.,
Schafale, M.P., McNab, W.H., Lenat, D.R., and MacPherson, T.F., 2002,
Ecoregions of North Carolina, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Corvallis,
OR, (map scale 1:1,500,000))
· CLASSIFICATION OF THE NATURAL COMMUNITIES OF NORTH CAROLINA
THIRD APPROXIMATION (Schafale, M.P. and A.S. Weakley. 1990, NC Natural
Heritage Program, Raleigh, NC.)
· CUSTOM SOIL RESOURCE REPORT FOR MCDOWELL COUNTY, NORTH
CAROLINA (Natural Resources Conservation Service, September 13, 2017)
· Additional sources as listed on Exhibits.

Camp Grier Mitigation Bank September 13, 2017
Prospectus

P.O. Drawer 870 ▪ Kitty Hawk, NC 27949
Telephone [phone] ▪ Fax [phone]
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16
9.0 EXHIBITS

A Camp Grier Conceptual Mitigation Plan, Sheets 1 through 15, dated
September 13, 2017
B Custom Soil Resource Report for McDowell County, North Carolina
C Prospectus Photos of Existing Conditions, dated August 28, 2017
D Stream and Wetland Data Forms
E Existing Stream Classification Exhibit, Sheets 1 through 2, dated September
13, 2017

United States
Department of
Agriculture
A product of the National
Cooperative Soil Survey,
a joint effort of the United
States Department of
Agriculture and other
Federal agencies, State
agencies including the
Agricultural Experiment
Stations, and local
participants
Custom Soil Resource
Report for
McDowell County,
North CarolinaNatural
Resources
Conservation
Service
September 13, 2017
Preface
Soil surveys contain information that affects land use planning in survey areas.
They highlight soil limitations that affect various land uses and provide information
about the properties of the soils in the survey areas. Soil surveys are designed for
many different users, including farmers, ranchers, foresters, agronomists, urban
planners, community officials, engineers, developers, builders, and home buyers.
Also, conservationists, teachers, students, and specialists in recreation, waste
disposal, and pollution control can use the surveys to help them understand,
protect, or enhance the environment.
Various land use regulations of Federal, State, and local governments may impose
special restrictions on land use or land treatment. Soil surveys identify soil
properties that are used in making various land use or land treatment decisions.
The information is intended to help the land users identify and reduce the effects of
soil limitations on various land uses. The landowner or user is responsible for
identifying and complying with existing laws and regulations.
Although soil survey information can be used for general farm, local, and wider area
planning, onsite investigation is needed to supplement this information in some
cases. Examples include soil quality assessments (http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/
portal/nrcs/main/soils/health/) and certain conservation and engineering
applications. For more detailed information, contact your local USDA Service Center
(https://offices.sc.egov.usda.gov/locator/app?agency=nrcs) or your NRCS State Soil
Scientist (http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/soils/contactus/?
cid=nrcs142p2_053951).
Great differences in soil properties can occur within short distances. Some soils are
seasonally wet or subject to flooding. Some are too unstable to be used as a
foundation for buildings or roads. Clayey or wet soils are poorly suited to use as
septic tank absorption fields. A high water table makes a soil poorly suited to
basements or underground installations.
The National Cooperative Soil Survey is a joint effort of the United States
Department of Agriculture and other Federal agencies, State agencies including the
Agricultural Experiment Stations, and local agencies. The Natural Resources
Conservation Service (NRCS) has leadership for the Federal part of the National
Cooperative Soil Survey.
Information about soils is updated periodically. Updated information is available
through the NRCS Web Soil Survey, the site for official soil survey information.
The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its
programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability,
and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion,
sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or a
part of an individual's income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not
all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require
2
alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print,
audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA's TARGET Center at [phone] (voice
and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of
Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410 or
call [phone] (voice) or [phone] (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity
provider and employer.
3
Contents
Preface....................................................................................................................2
Soil Map.................................................................................................................. 5
Soil Map................................................................................................................6
Legend..................................................................................................................7
Map Unit Legend..................................................................................................8
Map Unit Descriptions.......................................................................................... 8
McDowell County, North Carolina................................................................... 11
BrC2—Braddock clay loam, 6 to 15 percent slopes, eroded.......................11
CaF—Chestnut-Ashe complex, 25 to 80 percent slopes, stony..................12
DdB—Dillard loam, 1 to 4 percent slopes, rarely flooded............................15
EcF—Edneyville-Chestnut complex, 25 to 80 percent slopes, stony..........17
EsB—Elsinboro loam, 1 to 4 percent slopes, rarely flooded.......................18
EvD—Evard loam, 10 to 25 percent slopes................................................ 19
EwE—Evard-Cowee complex, 25 to 60 percent slopes..............................20
HeD—Hayesville-Evard complex, 15 to 25 percent slopes.........................22
MaD—Maymead fine sandy loam, 10 to 25 percent slopes, stony.............24
MgD—Maymead-Greenlee-Ostin complex, 3 to 25 percent slopes,
very stony..............................................................................................25
PtB—Ostin cobbly loamy sand, 1 to 5 percent slopes, frequently flooded..27
RoA—Rosman loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes, occasionally flooded..............28
TaC—Tate loam, 6 to 15 percent slopes..................................................... 29
TaD—Tate loam, 15 to 25 percent slopes................................................... 30
W—Water....................................................................................................31
References............................................................................................................32
4
Soil Map
The soil map section includes the soil map for the defined area of interest, a list of
soil map units on the map and extent of each map unit, and cartographic symbols
displayed on the map. Also presented are various metadata about data used to
produce the map, and a description of each soil map unit.
5
6
Custom Soil Resource Report
Soil Map
3944000394420039444003944600394480039450003945200394540039456003945800394600039440003944200394440039446003944800394500039452003945400394560039458003946000391000 391200 391400 391600 391800 392000 392200 392400 392600
391000 391200 391400 391600 391800 392000 392200 392400 392600
35° 39' 12'' N 82° 12' 18'' W35° 39' 12'' N82° 11' 10'' W35° 37' 59'' N
82° 12' 18'' W35° 37' 59'' N
82° 11' 10'' WN
Map projection: Web Mercator Corner coordinates: WGS84 Edge tics: UTM Zone 17N WGS84
0 500 1000 2000 3000
Feet
0 150 300 600 900
Meters
Map Scale: 1:11,000 if printed on A portrait (8.5" x 11") sheet.
Soil Map may not be valid at this scale.
MAP LEGEND MAP INFORMATION
Area of Interest (AOI)
Area of Interest (AOI)
Soils
Soil Map Unit Polygons
Soil Map Unit Lines
Soil Map Unit Points
Special Point Features
Blowout
Borrow Pit
Clay Spot
Closed Depression
Gravel Pit
Gravelly Spot
Landfill
Lava Flow
Marsh or swamp
Mine or Quarry
Miscellaneous Water
Perennial Water
Rock Outcrop
Saline Spot
Sandy Spot
Severely Eroded Spot
Sinkhole
Slide or Slip
Sodic Spot
Spoil Area
Stony Spot
Very Stony Spot
Wet Spot
Other
Special Line Features
Water Features
Streams and Canals
Transportation
Rails
Interstate Highways
US Routes
Major Roads
Local Roads
Background
Aerial Photography
The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at
1:24,000.
Warning: Soil Map may not be valid at this scale.
Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause
misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil
line placement. The maps do not show the small areas of
contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed
scale.
Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for map
measurements.
Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service
Web Soil Survey URL:
Coordinate System: Web Mercator (EPSG:3857)
Maps from the Web Soil Survey are based on the Web Mercator
projection, which preserves direction and shape but distorts
distance and area. A projection that preserves area, such as the
Albers equal-area conic projection, should be used if more
accurate calculations of distance or area are required.
This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as
of the version date(s) listed below.
Soil Survey Area: McDowell County, North Carolina
Survey Area Data: Version 17, Sep 19, 2016
Soil map units are labeled (as space allows) for map scales
1:50,000 or larger.
Date(s) aerial images were photographed: Jan 15, 2014—Feb 5,
2017
The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were
compiled and digitized probably differs from the background
imagery displayed on these maps. As a result, some minor
shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident.
Custom Soil Resource Report
7
Map Unit Legend
McDowell County, North Carolina (NC111)
Map Unit Symbol Map Unit Name Acres in AOI Percent of AOI
BrC2 Braddock clay loam, 6 to 15
percent slopes, eroded
11.7 2.0%
CaF Chestnut-Ashe complex, 25 to
80 percent slopes, stony
220.7 37.6%
DdB Dillard loam, 1 to 4 percent
slopes, rarely flooded
33.6 5.7%
EcF Edneyville-Chestnut complex,
25 to 80 percent slopes,
stony
1.5 0.3%
EsB Elsinboro loam, 1 to 4 percent
slopes, rarely flooded
8.2 1.4%
EvD Evard loam, 10 to 25 percent
slopes
19.3 3.3%
EwE Evard-Cowee complex, 25 to 60
percent slopes
229.6 39.1%
HeD Hayesville-Evard complex, 15
to 25 percent slopes
7.9 1.3%
MaD Maymead fine sandy loam, 10
to 25 percent slopes, stony
4.8 0.8%
MgD Maymead-Greenlee-Ostin
complex, 3 to 25 percent
slopes, very stony
10.8 1.8%
PtB Ostin cobbly loamy sand, 1 to 5
percent slopes, frequently
flooded
3.7 0.6%
RoA Rosman loam, 0 to 3 percent
slopes, occasionally flooded
17.5 3.0%
TaC Tate loam, 6 to 15 percent
slopes
4.8 0.8%
TaD Tate loam, 15 to 25 percent
slopes
10.4 1.8%
W Water 2.9 0.5%
Totals for Area of Interest 587.4 100.0%
Map Unit Descriptions
The map units delineated on the detailed soil maps in a soil survey represent the
soils or miscellaneous areas in the survey area. The map unit descriptions, along
with the maps, can be used to determine the composition and properties of a unit.
A map unit delineation on a soil map represents an area dominated by one or more
major kinds of soil or miscellaneous areas. A map unit is identified and named
according to the taxonomic classification of the dominant soils. Within a taxonomic
Custom Soil Resource Report
8
class there are precisely defined limits for the properties of the soils. On the
landscape, however, the soils are natural phenomena, and they have the
characteristic variability of all natural phenomena. Thus, the range of some
observed properties may extend beyond the limits defined for a taxonomic class.
Areas of soils of a single taxonomic class rarely, if ever, can be mapped without
including areas of other taxonomic classes. Consequently, every map unit is made
up of the soils or miscellaneous areas for which it is named and some minor
components that belong to taxonomic classes other than those of the major soils.
Most minor soils have properties similar to those of the dominant soil or soils in the
map unit, and thus they do not affect use and management. These are called
noncontrasting, or similar, components. They may or may not be mentioned in a
particular map unit description. Other minor components, however, have properties
and behavioral characteristics divergent enough to affect use or to require different
management. These are called contrasting, or dissimilar, components. They
generally are in small areas and could not be mapped separately because of the
scale used. Some small areas of strongly contrasting soils or miscellaneous areas
are identified by a special symbol on the maps. If included in the database for a
given area, the contrasting minor components are identified in the map unit
descriptions along with some characteristics of each. A few areas of minor
components may not have been observed, and consequently they are not
mentioned in the descriptions, especially where the pattern was so complex that it
was impractical to make enough observations to identify all the soils and
miscellaneous areas on the landscape.
The presence of minor components in a map unit in no way diminishes the
usefulness or accuracy of the data. The objective of mapping is not to delineate
pure taxonomic classes but rather to separate the landscape into landforms or
landform segments that have similar use and management requirements. The
delineation of such segments on the map provides sufficient information for the
development of resource plans. If intensive use of small areas is planned, however,
onsite investigation is needed to define and locate the soils and miscellaneous
areas.
An identifying symbol precedes the map unit name in the map unit descriptions.
Each description includes general facts about the unit and gives important soil
properties and qualities.
Soils that have profiles that are almost alike make up a soil series. Except for
differences in texture of the surface layer, all the soils of a series have major
horizons that are similar in composition, thickness, and arrangement.
Soils of one series can differ in texture of the surface layer, slope, stoniness,
salinity, degree of erosion, and other characteristics that affect their use. On the
basis of such differences, a soil series is divided into soil phases. Most of the areas
shown on the detailed soil maps are phases of soil series. The name of a soil phase
commonly indicates a feature that affects use or management. For example, Alpha
silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is a phase of the Alpha series.
Some map units are made up of two or more major soils or miscellaneous areas.
These map units are complexes, associations, or undifferentiated groups.
A complex consists of two or more soils or miscellaneous areas in such an intricate
pattern or in such small areas that they cannot be shown separately on the maps.
The pattern and proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas are somewhat similar
in all areas. Alpha-Beta complex, 0 to 6 percent slopes, is an example.
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An association is made up of two or more geographically associated soils or
miscellaneous areas that are shown as one unit on the maps. Because of present
or anticipated uses of the map units in the survey area, it was not considered
practical or necessary to map the soils or miscellaneous areas separately. The
pattern and relative proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas are somewhat
similar. Alpha-Beta association, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is an example.
An undifferentiated group is made up of two or more soils or miscellaneous areas
that could be mapped individually but are mapped as one unit because similar
interpretations can be made for use and management. The pattern and proportion
of the soils or miscellaneous areas in a mapped area are not uniform. An area can
be made up of only one of the major soils or miscellaneous areas, or it can be made
up of all of them. Alpha and Beta soils, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is an example.
Some surveys include miscellaneous areas. Such areas have little or no soil
material and support little or no vegetation. Rock outcrop is an example.
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McDowell County, North Carolina
BrC2—Braddock clay loam, 6 to 15 percent slopes, eroded
Map Unit Setting
National map unit symbol: lccw
Elevation: 1,750 to 2,200 feet
Mean annual precipitation: 50 to 58 inches
Mean annual air temperature: 46 to 57 degrees F
Frost-free period: 116 to 170 days
Farmland classification: Farmland of statewide importance
Map Unit Composition
Braddock, moderately eroded, and similar soils: 80 percent
Minor components: 20 percent
Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit.
Description of Braddock, Moderately Eroded
Setting
Landform: Stream terraces
Landform position (three-dimensional): Mountainbase, tread
Down-slope shape: Linear
Across-slope shape: Linear
Parent material: Old alluvium
Typical profile
Ap - 0 to 11 inches: clay loam
Bt - 11 to 57 inches: clay
BC - 57 to 80 inches: loam
Properties and qualities
Slope: 8 to 15 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches
Natural drainage class: Well drained
Runoff class: High
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately low to
moderately high (0.06 to 0.20 in/hr)
Depth to water table: More than 80 inches
Frequency of flooding: None
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water storage in profile: High (about 9.0 inches)
Interpretive groups
Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified
Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 3e
Hydrologic Soil Group: C
Hydric soil rating: No
Minor Components
Urban land
Percent of map unit: 8 percent
Hydric soil rating: No
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Udorthents
Percent of map unit: 6 percent
Landform: Stream terraces
Landform position (three-dimensional): Mountainbase, tread
Down-slope shape: Linear, convex
Across-slope shape: Linear, convex
Hydric soil rating: No
Thurmont
Percent of map unit: 4 percent
Landform: Drainageways on stream terraces
Landform position (three-dimensional): Mountainbase, base slope
Down-slope shape: Concave, linear
Across-slope shape: Linear
Hydric soil rating: No
Dillard
Percent of map unit: 2 percent
Landform: Drainageways on stream terraces
Landform position (three-dimensional): Mountainbase, base slope
Down-slope shape: Concave, linear
Across-slope shape: Linear
Hydric soil rating: No
CaF—Chestnut-Ashe complex, 25 to 80 percent slopes, stony
Map Unit Setting
National map unit symbol: lcd0
Elevation: 1,090 to 3,150 feet
Mean annual precipitation: 48 to 60 inches
Mean annual air temperature: 46 to 57 degrees F
Frost-free period: 100 to 176 days
Farmland classification: Not prime farmland
Map Unit Composition
Chestnut, very stony, and similar soils: 50 percent
Ashe, very stony, and similar soils: 35 percent
Minor components: 15 percent
Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit.
Description of Chestnut, Very Stony
Setting
Landform: Mountain slopes
Landform position (two-dimensional): Backslope
Landform position (three-dimensional): Upper third of mountainflank, side slope
Down-slope shape: Convex
Across-slope shape: Linear
Parent material: Residuum weathered from biotite gneiss and/or gneiss that is
affected by soil creep in the upper solum
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Typical profile
A - 0 to 3 inches: gravelly sandy loam
Bw - 3 to 28 inches: fine sandy loam
Cr - 28 to 80 inches: weathered bedrock
Properties and qualities
Slope: 50 to 95 percent
Percent of area covered with surface fragments: 1.6 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: 20 to 40 inches to paralithic bedrock
Natural drainage class: Well drained
Runoff class: High
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Very low to high (0.00
to 1.98 in/hr)
Depth to water table: More than 80 inches
Frequency of flooding: None
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water storage in profile: Very low (about 2.8 inches)
Interpretive groups
Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified
Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 7s
Hydrologic Soil Group: B
Hydric soil rating: No
Description of Ashe, Very Stony
Setting
Landform: Mountain slopes
Landform position (two-dimensional): Backslope
Landform position (three-dimensional): Side slope
Down-slope shape: Convex
Across-slope shape: Linear
Parent material: Residuum weathered from granite and gneiss that is affected by
soil creep in the upper solum
Typical profile
A - 0 to 5 inches: gravelly sandy loam
Bw - 5 to 31 inches: gravelly sandy loam
R - 31 to 80 inches: unweathered bedrock
Properties and qualities
Slope: 50 to 95 percent
Percent of area covered with surface fragments: 1.6 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: 20 to 40 inches to lithic bedrock
Natural drainage class: Somewhat excessively drained
Runoff class: Very high
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Very low to high (0.00
to 5.95 in/hr)
Depth to water table: More than 80 inches
Frequency of flooding: None
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water storage in profile: Low (about 3.2 inches)
Interpretive groups
Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified
Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 7s
Hydrologic Soil Group: B
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Hydric soil rating: No
Minor Components
Buladean, stony
Percent of map unit: 9 percent
Landform: Mountain slopes
Landform position (two-dimensional): Backslope
Landform position (three-dimensional): Upper third of mountainflank, side slope
Down-slope shape: Convex
Across-slope shape: Linear
Hydric soil rating: No
Edneyville, stony
Percent of map unit: 3 percent
Landform: Ridges, mountain slopes
Landform position (two-dimensional): Backslope
Landform position (three-dimensional): Upper third of mountainflank, side slope
Down-slope shape: Convex
Across-slope shape: Linear
Hydric soil rating: No
Greenlee, extremely stony
Percent of map unit: 2 percent
Landform: Drainageways on coves
Landform position (two-dimensional): Footslope
Down-slope shape: Linear
Across-slope shape: Concave
Hydric soil rating: No
Tate, stony
Percent of map unit: 1 percent
Landform: Toes on coves
Landform position (two-dimensional): Footslope
Down-slope shape: Linear
Across-slope shape: Concave
Hydric soil rating: No
Rock outcrop
Percent of map unit: 0 percent
Landform: Mountain slopes
Landform position (two-dimensional): Backslope
Landform position (three-dimensional): Upper third of mountainflank, side slope
Down-slope shape: Convex
Across-slope shape: Convex
Hydric soil rating: No
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DdB—Dillard loam, 1 to 4 percent slopes, rarely flooded
Map Unit Setting
National map unit symbol: lcd5
Elevation: 1,750 to 2,340 feet
Mean annual precipitation: 50 to 58 inches
Mean annual air temperature: 46 to 57 degrees F
Frost-free period: 116 to 170 days
Farmland classification: All areas are prime farmland
Map Unit Composition
Dillard, rarely flooded, and similar soils: 80 percent
Minor components: 20 percent
Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit.
Description of Dillard, Rarely Flooded
Setting
Landform: Stream terraces
Landform position (three-dimensional): Mountainbase, base slope
Down-slope shape: Concave
Across-slope shape: Linear
Parent material: Loamy alluvium
Typical profile
Ap - 0 to 7 inches: loam
Bt - 7 to 50 inches: clay loam
BCg - 50 to 80 inches: sandy loam
Properties and qualities
Slope: 1 to 5 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches
Natural drainage class: Moderately well drained
Runoff class: Low
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high to
high (0.57 to 1.98 in/hr)
Depth to water table: About 24 to 36 inches
Frequency of flooding: Rare
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water storage in profile: Moderate (about 8.5 inches)
Interpretive groups
Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified
Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 2e
Hydrologic Soil Group: C
Hydric soil rating: No
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Minor Components
Dillard, rarely flooded eroded
Percent of map unit: 5 percent
Landform: Stream terraces
Landform position (three-dimensional): Mountainbase, base slope
Down-slope shape: Concave
Across-slope shape: Linear
Hydric soil rating: No
Thurmont
Percent of map unit: 5 percent
Landform: Toes
Landform position (three-dimensional): Mountainbase, base slope
Down-slope shape: Concave
Across-slope shape: Linear
Hydric soil rating: No
Cullowhee, occasionally flooded
Percent of map unit: 4 percent
Landform: Flood plains
Landform position (three-dimensional): Mountainbase
Down-slope shape: Linear
Across-slope shape: Linear
Hydric soil rating: No
Reddies, occasionally flooded
Percent of map unit: 2 percent
Landform: Flood plains
Landform position (three-dimensional): Mountainbase
Down-slope shape: Linear
Across-slope shape: Linear
Hydric soil rating: No
Rosman, occasionally flooded
Percent of map unit: 2 percent
Landform: Flood plains
Landform position (three-dimensional): Mountainbase
Down-slope shape: Linear
Across-slope shape: Linear
Hydric soil rating: No
Hemphill, undrained
Percent of map unit: 2 percent
Landform: Stream terraces
Landform position (three-dimensional): Mountainbase, base slope
Microfeatures of landform position: Swales
Down-slope shape: Concave
Across-slope shape: Linear, concave
Hydric soil rating: Yes
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EcF—Edneyville-Chestnut complex, 25 to 80 percent slopes, stony
Map Unit Setting
National map unit symbol: lcdd
Elevation: 2,400 to 4,800 feet
Mean annual precipitation: 40 to 54 inches
Mean annual air temperature: 46 to 57 degrees F
Frost-free period: 124 to 176 days
Farmland classification: Not prime farmland
Map Unit Composition
Edneyville, stony, and similar soils: 45 percent
Chestnut, stony, and similar soils: 35 percent
Minor components: 1 percent
Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit.
Description of Edneyville, Stony
Setting
Landform: Mountain slopes
Down-slope shape: Convex
Across-slope shape: Convex
Parent material: Affected by soil creep in the upper solum over residuum
weathered from biotite granitic gneiss and granodioritic gneiss
Typical profile
A - 0 to 5 inches: fine sandy loam
Bw - 5 to 43 inches: fine sandy loam
C - 43 to 80 inches: sandy loam
Properties and qualities
Slope: 50 to 95 percent
Percent of area covered with surface fragments: 0.1 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches
Natural drainage class: Well drained
Runoff class: Medium
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): High (1.98 to 5.95
in/hr)
Depth to water table: More than 80 inches
Frequency of flooding: None
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water storage in profile: Moderate (about 7.5 inches)
Interpretive groups
Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified
Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 7e
Hydrologic Soil Group: A
Hydric soil rating: No
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Description of Chestnut, Stony
Setting
Landform: Mountain slopes
Down-slope shape: Convex
Across-slope shape: Convex
Parent material: Affected by soil creep in the upper solum over residuum
weathered from biotite granitic gneiss and granodioritic gneiss
Typical profile
A - 0 to 4 inches: gravelly fine sandy loam
Bw - 4 to 36 inches: gravelly fine sandy loam
Cr - 36 to 80 inches: weathered bedrock
Properties and qualities
Slope: 50 to 95 percent
Percent of area covered with surface fragments: 0.1 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: 20 to 40 inches to paralithic bedrock
Natural drainage class: Well drained
Runoff class: High
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Very low to high (0.00
to 1.98 in/hr)
Depth to water table: More than 80 inches
Frequency of flooding: None
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water storage in profile: Low (about 3.6 inches)
Interpretive groups
Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified
Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 7e
Hydrologic Soil Group: B
Hydric soil rating: No
Minor Components
Rock outcrop
Percent of map unit: 1 percent
Hydric soil rating: No
EsB—Elsinboro loam, 1 to 4 percent slopes, rarely flooded
Map Unit Setting
National map unit symbol: lcdf
Elevation: 0 to 1,000 feet
Mean annual precipitation: 38 to 46 inches
Mean annual air temperature: 50 to 55 degrees F
Frost-free period: 150 to 210 days
Farmland classification: All areas are prime farmland
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Map Unit Composition
Elsinboro and similar soils: 85 percent
Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit.
Description of Elsinboro
Setting
Landform: Stream terraces
Landform position (two-dimensional): Summit, shoulder
Landform position (three-dimensional): Tread
Down-slope shape: Linear
Across-slope shape: Convex
Parent material: Alluvium and/or colluvium derived from igneous and metamorphic
rock
Typical profile
Ap - 0 to 12 inches: loam
Bt - 12 to 60 inches: clay loam
Properties and qualities
Slope: 1 to 4 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches
Natural drainage class: Well drained
Runoff class: Low
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high to
high (0.57 to 1.98 in/hr)
Depth to water table: About 60 to 72 inches
Frequency of flooding: Rare
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water storage in profile: Moderate (about 8.4 inches)
Interpretive groups
Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified
Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 2e
Hydrologic Soil Group: B
Hydric soil rating: No
EvD—Evard loam, 10 to 25 percent slopes
Map Unit Setting
National map unit symbol: lcdg
Elevation: 1,400 to 4,000 feet
Mean annual precipitation: 40 to 80 inches
Mean annual air temperature: 46 to 57 degrees F
Frost-free period: 170 to 190 days
Farmland classification: Farmland of local importance
Map Unit Composition
Evard and similar soils: 75 percent
Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit.
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Description of Evard
Setting
Landform: Ridges, mountain slopes
Landform position (two-dimensional): Summit, backslope
Landform position (three-dimensional): Upper third of mountainflank, side slope
Down-slope shape: Convex
Across-slope shape: Linear
Parent material: Creep deposits over residuum weathered from igneous and
metamorphic rock
Typical profile
A - 0 to 8 inches: loam
Bt - 8 to 21 inches: clay loam
BC - 21 to 34 inches: loam
C - 34 to 80 inches: loam
Properties and qualities
Slope: 10 to 25 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches
Natural drainage class: Well drained
Runoff class: Medium
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high to
high (0.57 to 1.98 in/hr)
Depth to water table: More than 80 inches
Frequency of flooding: None
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water storage in profile: Moderate (about 7.7 inches)
Interpretive groups
Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified
Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 4e
Hydrologic Soil Group: B
Hydric soil rating: No
EwE—Evard-Cowee complex, 25 to 60 percent slopes
Map Unit Setting
National map unit symbol: 2vx23
Elevation: 970 to 3,510 feet
Mean annual precipitation: 47 to 55 inches
Mean annual air temperature: 46 to 57 degrees F
Frost-free period: 110 to 190 days
Farmland classification: Not prime farmland
Map Unit Composition
Evard and similar soils: 55 percent
Cowee and similar soils: 35 percent
Minor components: 10 percent
Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit.
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Description of Evard
Setting
Landform: Mountain slopes, hillslopes
Landform position (two-dimensional): Backslope
Landform position (three-dimensional): Mountainflank, side slope
Down-slope shape: Convex
Across-slope shape: Linear
Parent material: Residuum weathered from gneiss and/or mica schist
Typical profile
A - 0 to 8 inches: loam
Bt - 8 to 21 inches: sandy clay loam
BC - 21 to 34 inches: loam
C - 34 to 80 inches: sandy loam
Properties and qualities
Slope: 25 to 60 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches
Natural drainage class: Well drained
Runoff class: High
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high to
high (0.57 to 1.98 in/hr)
Depth to water table: More than 80 inches
Frequency of flooding: None
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water storage in profile: Moderate (about 9.0 inches)
Interpretive groups
Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified
Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 7e
Hydrologic Soil Group: B
Hydric soil rating: No
Description of Cowee
Setting
Landform: Mountain slopes, hillslopes
Landform position (two-dimensional): Backslope
Landform position (three-dimensional): Mountainflank, side slope
Down-slope shape: Convex
Across-slope shape: Linear
Parent material: Residuum weathered from gneiss and/or mica schist
Typical profile
A - 0 to 5 inches: loam
Bt - 5 to 26 inches: gravelly sandy clay loam
Cr - 26 to 80 inches: bedrock
Properties and qualities
Slope: 25 to 60 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: 20 to 40 inches to paralithic bedrock
Natural drainage class: Well drained
Runoff class: High
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Very low to high (0.00
to 1.98 in/hr)
Depth to water table: More than 80 inches
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Frequency of flooding: None
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water storage in profile: Low (about 3.9 inches)
Interpretive groups
Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified
Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 7e
Hydrologic Soil Group: C
Hydric soil rating: No
Minor Components
Tate
Percent of map unit: 10 percent
Landform: Toes on coves
Landform position (two-dimensional): Footslope
Landform position (three-dimensional): Mountainbase, base slope
Down-slope shape: Concave, linear
Across-slope shape: Concave
Hydric soil rating: No
HeD—Hayesville-Evard complex, 15 to 25 percent slopes
Map Unit Setting
National map unit symbol: lcdm
Elevation: 1,100 to 4,000 feet
Mean annual precipitation: 35 to 80 inches
Mean annual air temperature: 46 to 57 degrees F
Frost-free period: 130 to 190 days
Farmland classification: Farmland of local importance
Map Unit Composition
Hayesville and similar soils: 45 percent
Evard and similar soils: 40 percent
Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit.
Description of Hayesville
Setting
Landform: Ridges, mountain slopes
Landform position (two-dimensional): Summit, backslope
Landform position (three-dimensional): Upper third of mountainflank, side slope
Down-slope shape: Convex
Across-slope shape: Linear
Parent material: Creep deposits over residuum weathered from igneous and
metamorphic rock
Typical profile
A - 0 to 5 inches: loam
Bt - 5 to 38 inches: clay
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BC - 38 to 48 inches: sandy clay loam
C - 48 to 80 inches: fine sandy loam
Properties and qualities
Slope: 15 to 25 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches
Natural drainage class: Well drained
Runoff class: High
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high to
high (0.57 to 1.98 in/hr)
Depth to water table: More than 80 inches
Frequency of flooding: None
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water storage in profile: High (about 9.9 inches)
Interpretive groups
Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified
Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 4e
Hydrologic Soil Group: B
Hydric soil rating: No
Description of Evard
Setting
Landform: Ridges, mountain slopes
Landform position (two-dimensional): Summit, backslope
Landform position (three-dimensional): Upper third of mountainflank, side slope
Down-slope shape: Convex
Across-slope shape: Linear
Parent material: Creep deposits over residuum weathered from igneous and
metamorphic rock
Typical profile
A - 0 to 8 inches: loam
Bt - 8 to 21 inches: clay loam
BC - 21 to 34 inches: loam
C - 34 to 80 inches: loam
Properties and qualities
Slope: 15 to 25 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches
Natural drainage class: Well drained
Runoff class: High
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high to
high (0.57 to 1.98 in/hr)
Depth to water table: More than 80 inches
Frequency of flooding: None
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water storage in profile: Moderate (about 7.7 inches)
Interpretive groups
Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified
Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 4e
Hydrologic Soil Group: B
Hydric soil rating: No
Custom Soil Resource Report
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MaD—Maymead fine sandy loam, 10 to 25 percent slopes, stony
Map Unit Setting
National map unit symbol: lcdw
Elevation: 1,800 to 3,500 feet
Mean annual precipitation: 45 to 55 inches
Mean annual air temperature: 48 to 54 degrees F
Frost-free period: 170 to 190 days
Farmland classification: Farmland of local importance
Map Unit Composition
Maymead, stony, and similar soils: 80 percent
Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit.
Description of Maymead, Stony
Setting
Landform: Coves on mountain slopes, drainageways on mountain slopes, fans on
mountain slopes
Landform position (two-dimensional): Footslope, backslope
Landform position (three-dimensional): Lower third of mountainflank, base slope
Down-slope shape: Concave
Across-slope shape: Concave
Parent material: Colluvium derived from arkose and/or graywacke and/or
metaconglomerate and/or metaquartzite
Typical profile
A - 0 to 5 inches: fine sandy loam
Bw - 5 to 60 inches: cobbly sandy loam
Properties and qualities
Slope: 10 to 25 percent
Percent of area covered with surface fragments: 0.1 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches
Natural drainage class: Well drained
Runoff class: Low
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): High (1.98 to 5.95
in/hr)
Depth to water table: More than 80 inches
Frequency of flooding: None
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water storage in profile: High (about 9.6 inches)
Interpretive groups
Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified
Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 4e
Hydrologic Soil Group: A
Hydric soil rating: No
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MgD—Maymead-Greenlee-Ostin complex, 3 to 25 percent slopes, very
stony
Map Unit Setting
National map unit symbol: 2lfcl
Elevation: 700 to 3,500 feet
Mean annual precipitation: 45 to 70 inches
Mean annual air temperature: 46 to 57 degrees F
Frost-free period: 90 to 190 days
Farmland classification: Not prime farmland
Map Unit Composition
Greenlee and similar soils: 30 percent
Ostin and similar soils: 30 percent
Maymead, very stony, and similar soils: 30 percent
Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit.
Description of Greenlee
Setting
Landform: Coves on mountain slopes, drainageways on mountain slopes, fans on
mountain slopes
Landform position (two-dimensional): Footslope, backslope
Landform position (three-dimensional): Lower third of mountainflank, base slope
Down-slope shape: Concave
Across-slope shape: Concave
Parent material: Stony and bouldery colluvium derived from igneous and
metamorphic rock
Typical profile
A - 0 to 8 inches: very cobbly sandy loam
Bw - 8 to 40 inches: very bouldery sandy loam
C - 40 to 80 inches: very bouldery sandy loam
Properties and qualities
Slope: 8 to 25 percent
Percent of area covered with surface fragments: 1.6 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches
Natural drainage class: Well drained
Runoff class: Medium
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): High (1.98 to 5.95
in/hr)
Depth to water table: More than 80 inches
Frequency of flooding: None
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water storage in profile: Low (about 5.0 inches)
Interpretive groups
Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified
Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 7s
Hydrologic Soil Group: A
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Hydric soil rating: No
Description of Ostin
Setting
Landform: Flood plains
Down-slope shape: Linear
Across-slope shape: Convex
Parent material: Sandy alluvium over cobbly and gravelly alluvium derived from
igneous and metamorphic rock
Typical profile
A - 0 to 4 inches: very cobbly loamy sand
C - 4 to 80 inches: very cobbly loamy sand
Properties and qualities
Slope: 3 to 8 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches
Natural drainage class: Moderately well drained
Runoff class: Very low
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): High to very high (5.95
to 19.98 in/hr)
Depth to water table: About 24 to 42 inches
Frequency of flooding: Occasional
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water storage in profile: Very low (about 2.5 inches)
Interpretive groups
Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified
Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 6s
Hydrologic Soil Group: A
Hydric soil rating: No
Description of Maymead, Very Stony
Setting
Landform: Coves on mountain slopes, drainageways on mountain slopes, fans on
mountain slopes
Landform position (two-dimensional): Footslope, backslope
Landform position (three-dimensional): Lower third of mountainflank, base slope
Down-slope shape: Concave
Across-slope shape: Concave
Parent material: Colluvium derived from arkose and/or graywacke and/or
metaconglomerate and/or metaquartzite
Typical profile
A - 0 to 5 inches: fine sandy loam
Bw - 5 to 80 inches: cobbly sandy loam
Properties and qualities
Slope: 8 to 25 percent
Percent of area covered with surface fragments: 1.6 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches
Natural drainage class: Well drained
Runoff class: Low
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): High (1.98 to 5.95
in/hr)
Depth to water table: More than 80 inches
Custom Soil Resource Report
26
Frequency of flooding: None
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water storage in profile: High (about 9.6 inches)
Interpretive groups
Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified
Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 4e
Hydrologic Soil Group: A
Hydric soil rating: No
PtB—Ostin cobbly loamy sand, 1 to 5 percent slopes, frequently flooded
Map Unit Setting
National map unit symbol: 2lfcn
Elevation: 1,200 to 2,000 feet
Mean annual precipitation: 45 to 70 inches
Mean annual air temperature: 46 to 57 degrees F
Frost-free period: 116 to 170 days
Farmland classification: Not prime farmland
Map Unit Composition
Ostin and similar soils: 85 percent
Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit.
Description of Ostin
Setting
Landform: Flood plains
Down-slope shape: Linear
Across-slope shape: Convex
Parent material: Cobbly and sandy and gravelly alluvium
Typical profile
A - 0 to 8 inches: cobbly loamy sand
C - 8 to 96 inches: very cobbly sand
Properties and qualities
Slope: 1 to 5 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches
Natural drainage class: Moderately well drained
Runoff class: Very low
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): High to very high (5.95
to 19.98 in/hr)
Depth to water table: About 24 to 42 inches
Frequency of flooding: Occasional
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water storage in profile: Low (about 3.1 inches)
Interpretive groups
Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified
Custom Soil Resource Report
27
Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 4s
Hydrologic Soil Group: A
Hydric soil rating: No
RoA—Rosman loam, 0 to 3 percent slopes, occasionally flooded
Map Unit Setting
National map unit symbol: lcf8
Elevation: 1,690 to 2,590 feet
Mean annual precipitation: 50 to 58 inches
Mean annual air temperature: 46 to 57 degrees F
Frost-free period: 116 to 170 days
Farmland classification: All areas are prime farmland
Map Unit Composition
Rosman, occasionally flooded, and similar soils: 80 percent
Minor components: 20 percent
Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit.
Description of Rosman, Occasionally Flooded
Setting
Landform: Flood plains
Landform position (three-dimensional): Mountainbase
Down-slope shape: Linear
Across-slope shape: Linear
Parent material: Loamy alluvium
Typical profile
Ap - 0 to 10 inches: fine sandy loam
Bw - 10 to 59 inches: fine sandy loam
C - 59 to 80 inches: fine sandy loam
Properties and qualities
Slope: 0 to 3 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches
Natural drainage class: Well drained
Runoff class: Very low
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): High (1.98 to 5.95
in/hr)
Depth to water table: About 42 to 60 inches
Frequency of flooding: Occasional
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water storage in profile: Moderate (about 8.5 inches)
Interpretive groups
Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified
Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 2w
Hydrologic Soil Group: A
Hydric soil rating: No
Custom Soil Resource Report
28
Minor Components
Biltmore, occasionally flooded
Percent of map unit: 5 percent
Landform: Natural levees on flood plains
Landform position (three-dimensional): Mountainbase
Down-slope shape: Linear
Across-slope shape: Convex
Hydric soil rating: No
Dillard, rarely flooded
Percent of map unit: 5 percent
Landform: Stream terraces on flood plains
Landform position (three-dimensional): Mountainbase, base slope
Down-slope shape: Linear, concave
Across-slope shape: Concave, linear
Hydric soil rating: No
Toxaway, undrained
Percent of map unit: 5 percent
Landform: Depressions on flood plains
Landform position (three-dimensional): Mountainbase
Down-slope shape: Concave, linear
Across-slope shape: Concave, linear
Hydric soil rating: Yes
Cullowhee, occasionally flooded
Percent of map unit: 5 percent
Landform: Swales on flood plains on valleys
Landform position (three-dimensional): Mountainbase
Down-slope shape: Linear
Across-slope shape: Linear, concave
Hydric soil rating: No
TaC—Tate loam, 6 to 15 percent slopes
Map Unit Setting
National map unit symbol: lcfd
Elevation: 2,050 to 3,200 feet
Mean annual precipitation: 42 to 50 inches
Mean annual air temperature: 46 to 57 degrees F
Frost-free period: 124 to 170 days
Farmland classification: Farmland of statewide importance
Map Unit Composition
Tate and similar soils: 95 percent
Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit.
Custom Soil Resource Report
29
Description of Tate
Setting
Landform: Coves, drainageways, fans
Down-slope shape: Concave
Across-slope shape: Concave
Parent material: Colluvium derived from igneous and metamorphic rock
Typical profile
Ap - 0 to 7 inches: loam
Bt - 7 to 46 inches: clay loam
C - 46 to 80 inches: cobbly loam
Properties and qualities
Slope: 8 to 15 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches
Natural drainage class: Well drained
Runoff class: Medium
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high to
high (0.57 to 1.98 in/hr)
Depth to water table: More than 80 inches
Frequency of flooding: None
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water storage in profile: High (about 10.2 inches)
Interpretive groups
Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified
Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 3e
Hydrologic Soil Group: B
Hydric soil rating: No
TaD—Tate loam, 15 to 25 percent slopes
Map Unit Setting
National map unit symbol: lcff
Elevation: 2,050 to 3,200 feet
Mean annual precipitation: 42 to 50 inches
Mean annual air temperature: 46 to 57 degrees F
Frost-free period: 124 to 170 days
Farmland classification: Farmland of local importance
Map Unit Composition
Tate and similar soils: 85 percent
Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit.
Description of Tate
Setting
Landform: Coves, drainageways, fans
Down-slope shape: Concave
Across-slope shape: Concave
Parent material: Colluvium derived from igneous and metamorphic rock
Custom Soil Resource Report
30
Typical profile
Ap - 0 to 7 inches: loam
Bt - 7 to 46 inches: clay loam
C - 46 to 80 inches: cobbly loam
Properties and qualities
Slope: 15 to 30 percent
Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches
Natural drainage class: Well drained
Runoff class: High
Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high to
high (0.57 to 1.98 in/hr)
Depth to water table: More than 80 inches
Frequency of flooding: None
Frequency of ponding: None
Available water storage in profile: High (about 10.2 inches)
Interpretive groups
Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified
Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 4e
Hydrologic Soil Group: B
Hydric soil rating: No
W—Water
Map Unit Composition
Water: 100 percent
Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit.
Description of Water
Interpretive groups
Land capability classification (irrigated): None specified
Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 8w
Hydric soil rating: No
Custom Soil Resource Report
31
References
American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO).
2004. Standard specifications for transportation materials and methods of sampling
and testing. 24th edition.
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). 2005. Standard classification of
soils for engineering purposes. ASTM Standard D2487-00.
Cowardin, L.M., V. Carter, F.C. Golet, and E.T. LaRoe. 1979. Classification of
wetlands and deep-water habitats of the United States. U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service FWS/OBS-79/31.
Federal Register. July 13, 1994. Changes in hydric soils of the United States.
Federal Register. September 18, 2002. Hydric soils of the United States.
Hurt, G.W., and L.M. Vasilas, editors. Version 6.0, 2006. Field indicators of hydric
soils in the United States.
National Research Council. 1995. Wetlands: Characteristics and boundaries.
Soil Survey Division Staff. 1993. Soil survey manual. Soil Conservation Service.
U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 18. http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/
nrcs/detail/national/soils/?cid=nrcs142p2_054262
Soil Survey Staff. 1999. Soil taxonomy: A basic system of soil classification for
making and interpreting soil surveys. 2nd edition. Natural Resources Conservation
Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 436. http://
www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/national/soils/?cid=nrcs142p2_053577
Soil Survey Staff. 2010. Keys to soil taxonomy. 11th edition. U.S. Department of
Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. http://
www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/national/soils/?cid=nrcs142p2_053580
Tiner, R.W., Jr. 1985. Wetlands of Delaware. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and
Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control, Wetlands
Section.
United States Army Corps of Engineers, Environmental Laboratory. 1987. Corps of
Engineers wetlands delineation manual. Waterways Experiment Station Technical
Report Y-87-1.
United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service.
National forestry manual. http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/soils/
home/?cid=nrcs142p2_053374
United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service.
National range and pasture handbook. http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/
detail/national/landuse/rangepasture/?cid=stelprdb1043084
32
United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service.
National soil survey handbook, title 430-VI. http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/
nrcs/detail/soils/scientists/?cid=nrcs142p2_054242
United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service.
2006. Land resource regions and major land resource areas of the United States,
the Caribbean, and the Pacific Basin. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook
296. http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/national/soils/?
cid=nrcs142p2_053624
United States Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 1961. Land
capability classification. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 210. http://
www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_DOCUMENTS/nrcs142p2_052290.pdf
Custom Soil Resource Report
33
Camp Grier Mitigation Bank August 28, 2017
Exhibit C: Prospectus Photos of Existing Conditions

P.O. Drawer 870 ▪ Kitty Hawk, NC 27949
Telephone [phone] ▪ Fax [phone]
______________________________________
1

Photograph 1: View north from Camp Grier Road at lower bridge over Jarrett Creek. Note lack of stormwater
BMPs and opportunities for riparian buffer enhancement.

Photograph 2: View southwest of Jarrett Creek flowing away from Camp Grier property to Mill Creek.
Camp Grier Mitigation Bank August 28, 2017
Exhibit C: Prospectus Photos of Existing Conditions

P.O. Drawer 870 ▪ Kitty Hawk, NC 27949
Telephone [phone] ▪ Fax [phone]
______________________________________
2

Photograph 3: View of northeast side of lower bridge over Jarrett Creek. Note failing streambank and opportunity
to install instream structure and reduce hydraulic stress on the bridge and bank.

Camp Grier Mitigation Bank August 28, 2017
Exhibit C: Prospectus Photos of Existing Conditions

P.O. Drawer 870 ▪ Kitty Hawk, NC 27949
Telephone [phone] ▪ Fax [phone]
______________________________________
3

Photograph 4: View northwest of upper bridge over Jarrett Creek and sediment pathway to stream.

Photograph 5: View northeast of Camp Grier Road ditch. Unmitigated, sediment laden stormwater are major
contributors to reduced water quality in Jarrett Creek and Padgett Branch within the project area and Mill Creek
downstream.

Photograph 6: View west of Jarrett Creek streambank between upper and lower bridge. Note sediment flowing to
stream and opportunity to enhance riparian buffer.

Camp Grier Mitigation Bank August 28, 2017
Exhibit C: Prospectus Photos of Existing Conditions

P.O. Drawer 870 ▪ Kitty Hawk, NC 27949
Telephone [phone] ▪ Fax [phone]
______________________________________
4

Photograph 7: View north of concrete remains associated with historic Town of Old Fort water supply
infrastructure and opportunity for stream channel enhancement.

Photograph 8: View east of plastic sheeting on river-left streambank of Jarrett Creek and opportunity for buffer
enhancement.
Camp Grier Mitigation Bank August 28, 2017
Exhibit C: Prospectus Photos of Existing Conditions

P.O. Drawer 870 ▪ Kitty Hawk, NC 27949
Telephone [phone] ▪ Fax [phone]
______________________________________
5

Photograph 9: View northwest of river left streambank downstream of upper bridge on Jarrett Creek.

Photograph 10: View northwest of upper bridge over Jarrett Creek and opportunities for stream, buffer and
stormwater enhancement.
Camp Grier Mitigation Bank August 28, 2017
Exhibit C: Prospectus Photos of Existing Conditions

P.O. Drawer 870 ▪ Kitty Hawk, NC 27949
Telephone [phone] ▪ Fax [phone]
______________________________________
6

Photograph 11. View south of Camp Grier Road ditch and pathway for sediment laden stormwater to enter
Jarrett Creek.

Camp Grier Mitigation Bank August 28, 2017
Exhibit C: Prospectus Photos of Existing Conditions

P.O. Drawer 870 ▪ Kitty Hawk, NC 27949
Telephone [phone] ▪ Fax [phone]
______________________________________
7

Photograph 12. View north of Camp Grier Road ditch and pathway for sediment laden stormwater to enter Jarrett
Creek.

Photograph 13. View northwest of Padgett Branch/Jarrett Creek confluence on right, just above upper bridge.
Note condition of riparian corridor above Camp Grier Road and sediment input from Padgett Branch.

Photograph 14. View north of Padgett Branch/Jarrett Creek confluence, just above upper bridge. Note sediment
input from Padgett Branch.
Camp Grier Mitigation Bank August 28, 2017
Exhibit C: Prospectus Photos of Existing Conditions

P.O. Drawer 870 ▪ Kitty Hawk, NC 27949
Telephone [phone] ▪ Fax [phone]
______________________________________
8

Photograph 15. View north of lower reach of Padgett Branch just upstream of confluence with Jarrett Creek.
Note unnatural upland sediment deposits in channel.

Photograph 16. View north of lower reach of Padgett Branch, relic water supply infrastructure and upland
sediment in stream channel.
Camp Grier Mitigation Bank August 28, 2017
Exhibit C: Prospectus Photos of Existing Conditions

P.O. Drawer 870 ▪ Kitty Hawk, NC 27949
Telephone [phone] ▪ Fax [phone]
______________________________________
9

Photograph 17. View north of lower reach of Padgett Branch and upland sediment in stream channel.

Photograph 18. View north streambank erosion on lower reach of Padgett Branch.
Camp Grier Mitigation Bank August 28, 2017
Exhibit C: Prospectus Photos of Existing Conditions

P.O. Drawer 870 ▪ Kitty Hawk, NC 27949
Telephone [phone] ▪ Fax [phone]
______________________________________
10

Photograph 19. View west of streambank erosion on lower reach of Padgett Branch.

Photograph 20. View east of fill slope above river-left streambank of lower reach of Padgett Branch. The slope
was created by blasting for road building. Rock debris has been pushed into and is clogging the stream channel
resulting in the erosion of the river-right streambank shown above.
Camp Grier Mitigation Bank August 28, 2017
Exhibit C: Prospectus Photos of Existing Conditions

P.O. Drawer 870 ▪ Kitty Hawk, NC 27949
Telephone [phone] ▪ Fax [phone]
______________________________________
11

Photograph 21. View north of Padgett Branch clogged with rock debris from road building.

Photograph 22. View north of lower reach of Padgett Branch clogged with debris at Cross-Section 1.
Camp Grier Mitigation Bank August 28, 2017
Exhibit C: Prospectus Photos of Existing Conditions

P.O. Drawer 870 ▪ Kitty Hawk, NC 27949
Telephone [phone] ▪ Fax [phone]
______________________________________
12

Photograph 23. View north of representative upland sediment deposits in a pool in the lower reach of Padgett
Branch.

Photograph 24. View northeast of lower reach of Padgett Brach downstream of a suspended culvert and
impediment to aquatic passage that conveys the stream beneath Camp Grier Road.
Camp Grier Mitigation Bank August 28, 2017
Exhibit C: Prospectus Photos of Existing Conditions

P.O. Drawer 870 ▪ Kitty Hawk, NC 27949
Telephone [phone] ▪ Fax [phone]
______________________________________
13

Photograph 25. View northeast of culvert shown above. Not only is the culvert suspended at its downstream
end, it is also suspended internally.

Photograph 26. View northwest of representative stormwater and sediment input from Camp Grier Road to the
lower reach of Padgett Branch.
Camp Grier Mitigation Bank August 28, 2017
Exhibit C: Prospectus Photos of Existing Conditions

P.O. Drawer 870 ▪ Kitty Hawk, NC 27949
Telephone [phone] ▪ Fax [phone]
______________________________________
14

Photograph 27. View northwest of representative stormwater and sediment input from Camp Grier Road to the
lower reach of Padgett Branch. Exotic/invasive Japanese Knot Weed Visible in foreground.

Camp Grier Mitigation Bank August 28, 2017
Exhibit C: Prospectus Photos of Existing Conditions

P.O. Drawer 870 ▪ Kitty Hawk, NC 27949
Telephone [phone] ▪ Fax [phone]
______________________________________
15

Photograph 28. View north of lower reach of Padgett Branch between culvert shown above and Camp Grier Lake
Dam. The dam provides an opportunity for future cool water release to the stream while maintaining current
aquatic passage to macrobenthos.

Photograph 29. View northwest stormwater/sediment input location on the lower reach of Padgett Branch and
opportunity for stormwater management and streambank stabilization.

Photograph 30. View west of impoundment structure associated with historic trout farming in Tributary T1A, an
opportunity for restoration.
Camp Grier Mitigation Bank August 28, 2017
Exhibit C: Prospectus Photos of Existing Conditions

P.O. Drawer 870 ▪ Kitty Hawk, NC 27949
Telephone [phone] ▪ Fax [phone]
______________________________________
16

Photograph 31. View southwest of main stem of Padgett Branch looking downstream from Tributary T2 to Camp
Grier Lake. Note opportunities for restoration and buffer enhancement.

Photograph 32. View east of main stem of upper reach of Padgett Branch at Cross-Section 2.
Camp Grier Mitigation Bank August 28, 2017
Exhibit C: Prospectus Photos of Existing Conditions

P.O. Drawer 870 ▪ Kitty Hawk, NC 27949
Telephone [phone] ▪ Fax [phone]
______________________________________
17

Photograph 33. View north of hanging culvert on Tributary T2.

Photograph 34. View north of Tributary T2 and opportunities for restoration and buffer enhancement.
Camp Grier Mitigation Bank August 28, 2017
Exhibit C: Prospectus Photos of Existing Conditions

P.O. Drawer 870 ▪ Kitty Hawk, NC 27949
Telephone [phone] ▪ Fax [phone]
______________________________________
18

Photograph 35. View southwest of historically excavated channel on Tributary T2A.

Photograph 36. View northwest of Tributary 2B and historic trout farming infrastructure.
Camp Grier Mitigation Bank August 28, 2017
Exhibit C: Prospectus Photos of Existing Conditions

P.O. Drawer 870 ▪ Kitty Hawk, NC 27949
Telephone [phone] ▪ Fax [phone]
______________________________________
19

Photograph 37. View northwest of Tributary 2B and historic trout farming infrastructure and opportunity for
restoration.

Photograph 38. View southwest of the upper reach of the mainstem of Padgett Branch.
Camp Grier Mitigation Bank August 28, 2017
Exhibit C: Prospectus Photos of Existing Conditions

P.O. Drawer 870 ▪ Kitty Hawk, NC 27949
Telephone [phone] ▪ Fax [phone]
______________________________________
20

Photograph 39. View southeast of Cross-Section 3 on mainstem of upper reach of Padgett Branch, between
Tributaries T2 and T3.

Camp Grier Mitigation Bank August 28, 2017
Exhibit C: Prospectus Photos of Existing Conditions

P.O. Drawer 870 ▪ Kitty Hawk, NC 27949
Telephone [phone] ▪ Fax [phone]
______________________________________
21

Photograph 40. View northwest of suspended culvert on Tributary T3.

Photograph 41. View southeast of historic impoundment on main stem of upper reach of Padgett Branch
between Tributaries T3 and T4, formerly used to fill the swimming pool.

Photograph 42. View northeast of historic impoundment on main stem of upper reach of Padgett Branch between
Tributaries T3 and T4, formerly used to fill the swimming pool.
Camp Grier Mitigation Bank August 28, 2017
Exhibit C: Prospectus Photos of Existing Conditions

P.O. Drawer 870 ▪ Kitty Hawk, NC 27949
Telephone [phone] ▪ Fax [phone]
______________________________________
22

Photograph 43. View southwest of Tributary T4 and opportunities for restoration and buffer enhancement.

Photograph 44. View southeast of Tributary T5.