20191466 Ver 1_2018-01-24 Archaeology Survey Required Form_20191029

Project Tracking No.:
17-12-0024
oa ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY REQUIRED FORM .'
This form only pertains to ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESOURCES for this project. It is not [ C
c, ..o �°�.'" valid for Historic Architecture and Landscapes. You must consult separately with the
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'G' Historic Architecture and Landscapes Group.
PROJECT INFORMATION
Project No: BR-0044 County: Rockingham
W l'BS No: 67044.1.1 Document.- MCC
F.A. No: na Funding: ® State ❑ Federal
Federal Permit Kequired?
® Yes ❑ No Permit Type: NWP
Project Description: The North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) Division 7 intends to
replace Bridge No. 168 on NC 14/18 over the Smith River north of Spray. No preliminary designs were
available at the time of the archaeological review but a study area 300 feet (approximately 91.44 meters) wide
and 2,584 feet (nearly 787.63 meters) long was provided for the archaeological review. For the purposes of
that review this study area will be considered to be the area of potential effects (APE). Thus the APE is
estimated to encompass 17.8 acres (slightly over 7.2 hectares).
SUMMARY OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESOURCES REVIEW: SURVEY -REQUIRED
Briefdescription ofreviewactivities, results ofreview, and conclusions:
The initial review of the site maps and files archived at the North Carolina Office of State Archaeology
(OSA) was conducted on January 12, 2018. No previously recorded archaeological resources are located
within the proposed APE, but the area a number of archaeologically significant sites along the Smith River to
the north and along the Dan River to the south of the project area. In particular, a fish weir (31RK91) is
located a little over .5 kilometer north of the bridge.
This fish weir as well as a number of other sites were reported to researchers with the Research Laboratories
of Archaeology at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (RLA) in 1985-1986 by local residents as
part of the initial stages of archaeological research into Native American settlement patterns in the northern
North Carolina Piedmont. Along the Smith River, two sites were reported by a local informant, Pete Adkins:
a rock shelter overlooking the Smith River in Virginia, designated by the RLA as "PA2' ; and the
aforementioned weir, designated "PA1" (Simpkins and Petherick 1986: 124). In their notes, Simpkins and
Petherick suggest that the weir at PA1 is either very well preserved or is actually the result of the natural
hydrology of the river at that point. Aerial photographs of the Smith River clear show a number of riffles and
nick -points upstream from Bridge No. 168. But, Google Earth images of the location of PA1 over time
frequently show a distinct "V"-shaped structure during periods of low water. Those images even suggest that
the weir may, in fact be a double "V", though this is less clear in the images. Simpkins and Petherick also
record that Adkins reported, in reference to PA2, that the "entire area is full of rock shelters" that were very
well known to local collectors.
An examination of the data presented on the North Carolina State Historic Preservation Office HPOWEB
GIS Service (htip://gis.ncdcr.gov/hl2oweb/) reveals no historic properties within .5-mile of Bridge No. 168.
However, there are six (6) cemeteries that have been documented in upland settings within that same radius.
An examination of soils in Rockingham County presented on the National Resources Conservation Service
Web Soil Survey(http://websoilsurvey.nres.usda.gov/aPp/WebSoilSurvey.asa-) indicates that the following
`ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY REQUIRED" form for the Amended Minor Transportation Projects as Qualified in the 2015 Programmatic Agreement.
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Project Tracking No.:
17-12-0024
soil types fall within the delineated APE: Cilfford sandy clay loam, 2 to 8 percent slopes, moderately eroded
(CgB2); Dan River loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, frequently flooded (DaA); Devotion fine sandy loam, 15 to 45
percent slopes (DeF); Poplar Forest sandy clay loam, 8 to 15 percent slopes, moderately eroded (PpD2);
Udorthents, loamy (Ud); and Yadkin loam, 2 to 8 percent slopes (TaB).
In general, previous archaeological investigation in of this portion of the Piedmont strongly suggests
considerable prehistoric use of the landscape. From that perspective along, there appears to be a broadly
high probability for archaeological sites in the area. Ward and Davis (1993: 5-9) report a number of late
prehistoric sites and protohistoric sites along the Dan River drainage basin (including the Smith River) as a
part of their broader examination of Siouan settlement patters in the region. In particular, the Lower
Saratown Site (31RK1) and the Powerplant Site (31RK5) are both located within 4 miles of the current APE.
While these sites are located on broader alluvial landforms than appear to be in the vicinity of Bridge No.
168, mapped soil type and river hydrology are similar to those located within the current project area. A
through archaeological investigation of the APE, including subsurface testing, is required for this project.
References Cited:
Simpkins, D. L. and G. L. Petherick
1986 Second Phase Inve tigations of Late Aboriginal Settlement Systems in the Eno, Haw, and Dan River Drainages,
North Carolina. Research Report No. 6, Research Laboratories of Archaeology, University of North
Carolina at Chapel Hill.
Ward, H. T. and R. P. S. Davis Jr.
1993 Indian Communities on the North Carolina Piedmont, A.D. 1000 to 1700. Monograph No. 2, Research
Laboratories of Archaeology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
SUPPORT DOCUMENTATION
See attached: ® Map(s) ❑ Previous Survey Info ❑ Photos ❑Correspondence
® Other: http://websoilsurvey.nres.usda.gov/al2p/WebSoilSurvey.asl2x
FINDING BY NCDOT ARCHAEOLOGIST — SUR VEYREQUIRED
, )/. C. I January 24, 2018
NCDOT ARCHAEOLOGIST Date
Proposed fieldwork completion date
"ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY REQUIRED" form for the Amended Minor Transportation Projects as Qualified in the 2015 Programmatic Agreement.
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Project Tracking No.:
17-12-0024
Google Earth image depicting "PA1 ", the fish weir on the Smith River in April 2007.
Google Earth image depicting "PA1", the fish weir on the Smith River in February 2017.
"ARCHAEOLOGICAL SUR VEYREQUIRED"formfor the Amended Minor Transportation Projects as Qualified in the 2015 Programmatic Agreement.
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0
609900
36° 31' 50" N
36° 31' 31" N
609900 609990 610080 610170 610260 610350
3
Map Scale: 1:4,080 if printed on A landscape (11" x 8.5") sheet.
Meters N
0 50 100 200 300
Feet
0 150 300 600 900
Map projection: Web Mercator Comer coordinates: WGS84 Edge tics: UTM Zone 17N WGS84
Ul Natural Resources Web Soil Survey
lam Conservation Service National Cooperative Soil Survey
Soil Map —Rockingham County, North Carolina
(BR-0044 Bridge No. 168 on NC 14/18)
609990 610080 610170 610260 610350 610440
610530 610620
610440 610530 610620
610710
36° 31' 50" N
I
36° 31' 31" N
610710
3
v
1 /23/2018
Page 1 of 3

MAP LEGEND
Area of Interest (AOI)
Area of Interest (AOI)
Soils
Soil Map Unit Polygons
=; 0
Soil Map Unit Lines
0
Soil Map Unit Points
Special
Point Features
{_j
Blowout
Borrow Pit
Clay Spot
r^i
Closed Depression
`
Gravel Pit
„
Gravelly Spot
Landfill
Lava Flow
Marsh or swamp
++
Mine or Quarry
Miscellaneous Water
Perennial Water
Rock Outcrop
Saline Spot
4
Sandy Spot
Severely Eroded Spot
Sinkhole
; .
Slide or Slip
oa
Sodic Spot
Soil Map —Rockingham County, North Carolina
(BR-0044 Bridge No. 168 on NC 14/18)
MAP INFORMATION
Spoil Area
The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at
1:24,000.
1)
Stony Spot
L%
Very Stony Spot
Warning: Soil Map may not be valid at this scale.
Wet Spot
Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause
misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil
,8
Other
line placement. The maps do not show the small areas of
Special Line Features
contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed
scale.
Water Features
Streams and Canals
Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for map
measurements.
Transportation
F++
Rails
Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service
Web Soil Survey URL:
Interstate Highways
Coordinate System: Web Mercator (EPSG:3857)
US Routes
Maps from the Web Soil Survey are based on the Web Mercator
Major Roads
projection, which preserves direction and shape but distorts
distance and area. A projection that preserves area, such as the
Local Roads
Albers equal-area conic projection, should be used if more
accurate calculations of distance or area are required.
Background
.
Aerial Photography
This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as
of the version date(s) listed below.
Soil Survey Area: Rockingham County, North Carolina
Survey Area Data: Version 18, Oct 3, 2017
Soil map units are labeled (as space allows) for map scales
1:50,000 or larger.
Date(s) aerial images were photographed: Apr 4, 2014—Mar 15,
2017
The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were
compiled and digitized probably differs from the background
imagery displayed on these maps. As a result, some minor
shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident.
usDA Natural Resources Web Soil Survey 1/23/2018
Conservation Service National Cooperative Soil Survey Page 2 of 3

Soil Map —Rockingham County, North Carolina
BR-0044 Bridge No. 168 on NC
14/18
Map Unit Legend
Map Unit Symbol
Map Unit Name
Acres in AOI
Percent of AOI
CgB2
DaA
Clifford sandy clay loam, 2 to 8
percent slopes, moderately
eroded
1.8
6.5
9.9%
36.6%
Dan River loam, 0 to 2 percent
slopes, frequently flooded
DeF
Devotion fine sandy loam, 15
to 45 percent slopes
5.8
32.4%
PpD2
Poplar Forest sandy clay loam,
8 to 15 percent slopes,
moderately eroded
0.2
1.2%
Ud
Udorthents, loamy
1.0
5.5%
W
Water
1.2
6.8%
7.6%
YaB
Yadkin loam, 2 to 8 percent
slopes
1.3
Totals for Area of Interest
17.8
100.0%
usDA Natural Resources Web Soil Survey 1/23/2018
r Conservation Service National Cooperative Soil Survey Page 3 of 3