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Subtask 1.10: Recommendation
Development for the North Carolina
Flood Resiliency Blueprint to
NCDEQ
North Carolina Flood Resiliency Blueprint
Prepared for the North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality by AECOM
August 2023
North Carolina Flood Resiliency Blueprint
Subtask 1.10: Recommendation Development for the North Carolina Flood Resiliency Blueprint to DEQ | i
Table of Contents
Definitions ....................................................................................................................... ii
Acronyms ........................................................................................................................ iii
1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 1
2 Participants/Level of Participation .............................................................................. 3
3 Recommendation Process ........................................................................................... 6
3.1 What recommendation must be made? ..................................................................................... 6
3.2 Who is making the recommendation? ........................................................................................ 6
3.3 How will the recommendation be made? .................................................................................. 7
3.4 What are the impacts of this recommendation? ........................................................................ 7
3.5 What is the next step for specific recommendations? ............................................................... 8
4 Final Decisions ............................................................................................................ 9
5 Recommendation Workflow ...................................................................................... 10
6 Challenges Specific to Recommendations Within the TAGS ........................................ 12
7 Conclusion ................................................................................................................ 14
Figures
Figure 1: Stakeholder engagement ............................................................................................................. 3
Figure 2: Recommendation Questions ........................................................................................................ 6
Figure 3: Subtask Flow Paths ....................................................................................................................... 7
Figure 4: Recommendation Workflow ....................................................................................................... 10
Tables
Table 1: Blueprint Recommendation Entities ............................................................................................. 4
Table 2: Risk Log with Challenges Specific to Decision-Making ............................................................... 12
North Carolina Flood Resiliency Blueprint
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Definitions
A comprehensive list of definitions applicable to multiple Flood Resiliency Blueprint documents is
provided in a separate document.
North Carolina Flood Resiliency Blueprint
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Acronyms
NCDEQ – North Carolina Department of
Environmental Quality
NCORR - North Carolina Office of Recovery and
Resiliency
NGO - Non-Governmental Organization
PAG - Principal Advisory Group
Sub-TAG - subordinate Technical Advisory
Group
TAG - Technical Advisory Group
North Carolina Flood Resiliency Blueprint
Subtask 1.10: Recommendation Development for the North Carolina Flood Resiliency Blueprint to DEQ | 1
1 Introduction
The purpose of this document is to propose and refine a process for the North Carolina Flood
Resiliency Blueprint (Blueprint) Advisory Groups to provide recommendations to the North Carolina
Department of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ) to build alignment and establish how final decisions
are made, specifically targeting the process to deal with differing perspectives. This is a brief
document, including diagrams, to identify the decision workflow, who participates, level of
participation, and who is accountable for final decisions regarding implementation of the Blueprint.
The recommendation document is considered a supplement to the Outreach and Engagement Plan
(Subtask 1.3) for the Blueprint and can be more efficiently used in combination with that plan.
There are six Technical Advisory Groups (TAGs): Governance, Partnership/Funding, Hazard
Identification, Vulnerability/Risk/Impact, Resilience/Mitigation/Reduction, and Tool
Development/Acceptance and one regional advisory group (Neuse Regional Advisory Group) that will
provide advisory input and feedback during development of the Blueprint. The Principal Advisory
Group (PAG) is looking at the input and recommendations provided by the Neuse Advisory Group and
the TAGs to understand policy and implementation impacts to agencies and organizations outside of
DEQ. All recommendations provided by the Advisory Groups and the PAG will be provided to the Core
Advisory Group, which is comprised of NCDEQ staff. Representatives from local, state, tribal and
federal governments; universities; non-governmental organizations (NGOs); and other subject matter
experts, were invited to participate on the TAGs and Neuse Regional Advisory Group by NCDEQ. The
Neuse Regional Advisory Group will work with the TAGs to test the implementation and application of
recommendations as applied at a basin level. In a future project phase, each basin will have a basin-
specific advisory group that advises NCDEQ on how Blueprint information will be integrated into that
basin.
All Advisory Groups will provide feedback by reviewing and submitting comments on reports and
other deliverables across all Phase 1 tasks in writing and during TAG meetings. In Task 3,
recommendation options will be provided for the Blueprint Phase 1 effort to the TAGs. The TAGs will
review, discuss, and comment on these recommendations to determine how the Blueprint will be
structured. TAG Chairs will help determine the path forward by addressing agreements or points of
contention, documenting, and providing final recommendations or providing documentation of
disagreement where alignment is not reached. This document will identify the recommendation
workflow for TAGs including type of participants, examples of level of participation, and
accountability for final recommendation determinations. These documents will drive the
conversations to help provide options for the TAG recommendations provided to NCDEQ for final
Blueprint development. Deliverable review is assigned to specific TAGs based on subject matter
content.
Recommendations from the TAGs will be provided through the TAG Chairs to the Core Advisory Group,
a NCDEQ group reviewing all recommendations from the TAGs to determine decisions for the
Blueprint. The Core Advisory Group will determine best fit for recommendations and work to make
informed decisions on the recommendations provided. The Neuse Regional Advisory Group will follow
and track TAG discussions and assess whether results directly apply to the Neuse River Basin. The
Neuse Regional Advisory Group implements potential recommendations from the TAGs into the Neuse
North Carolina Flood Resiliency Blueprint
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basin but could also provide information to the TAGs that would adjust suggested recommendations
moving forward.
Summary information will also be provided from the TAGs to the PAG. The PAG will provide targeted
recommendations based on NCDEQ or TAG Chair request. The PAG will also provide perspective to
NCDEQ on potential impacts to outside entities such as other state agencies. The PAG is comprised of
federal, state, local, NGO, and other representatives, who would be directly impacted by the output of
Blueprint. The PAG will assist NCDEQ by providing additional assessment and synthesis regarding
difference of views among TAGs or within a TAG. The PAG’s recommendations will be relevant across
organizational levels, as well as help determine if there are local, state, or federal requirements that
would cause recommendations to be of concern or provide a risk in implementation.
Once the PAG has provided input, NCDEQ will receive these final recommendations and determine
approval of each deliverable or key Blueprint decision at either the Core Advisory Group or Executive
Leadership level at NCDEQ.
North Carolina Flood Resiliency Blueprint
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2 Participants/Level of Participation
The stakeholder participation chart shows how the differing groups will be organized and the
hierarchy of reporting. Each group has a defined list of participants, as well as participant
expectations for review and level of effort. All groups will either be informed by or report to the Core
Advisory Group in NCDEQ. Figure 1 shows the stakeholders that will be involved in the
recommendation process. Participation will include All Advisory groups, community centered
participation/engagement, and end user focus groups. All TAGs and the Neuse Advisory Group
(considered in the TAG category in the Figure 1) will be able to review and provide input on all project
deliverables, if desired.
Figure 1: Stakeholder engagement
North Carolina Flood Resiliency Blueprint
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Table 1: Blueprint Recommendation Entities
Participant Level of Participation Primary Roles
AECOM Team • Develop subtask content
• Deliver clearly defined options in documentation of the
subtasks
• Provide recommendations and full comment matrix with
reasoning to NCDEQ
Provide Input
Synthesis
Technical
Advisory
Groups (TAGs)
• Review project deliverables
• Provide feedback on deliverables
o Identify fatal flaws
o Provide alternate recommendations
o Agree or disagree with recommendations
• Coordinate a TAG’s recommendations on deliverables
through the TAG Chair - documented by consultant
Recommendations
Synthesis
Neuse
Regional
Advisory
Group
• Follow TAG discussions
• Provide feedback on deliverables relevant specifically to
the Neuse Basin
• Inform holistic outreach for the Neuse River Basin
• Make recommendations to the PAG and NCDEQ on how a
basin would use information from the TAGs
Recommendations
Analysis and Application
Principal
Advisory
Group (PAG)
• Application of Blueprint to other missions or organizations.
• Provides a forum for elevating select TAG feedback to
NCDEQ
Recommendations
Conflict-resolution
Core Advisory
Group
• Receive TAG, Neuse, and PAG recommendations
• Engage in discussion with TAG Chairs, Neuse, and PAG
regarding any difference of views
• Determine appropriate TAG engagement
• Decision-making and, when needed, elevate to NCDEQ
executive leadership
• Inform NCDEQ executive leadership
Decision-Making
Engagement
NCDEQ
Executive
Leadership
• Decision-making on issues which the NCDEQ Core Advisory
Group elevates
Decision-making
Community participation and public meetings are a key part of understanding and incorporating
community values. This input leads to the understanding of recommendations for the end users of the
Blueprint. Several meetings will occur with local government officials, tribal officials, and non-elected
community leaders to better understand the impacts of hazards to localized areas. There will be four
outreach meetings in Phase 1 throughout the state to meet with local government officials and non-
elected community leaders. The goal of these meetings will be to hear from locals on how flooding,
mitigation, and resiliency have impacted them, and to discuss what actions have been documented in
plans or have occurred in the area to help understand what actions are needed for the area. Success
will be defined as Information updates from local leaders, input from citizens for how they would like
to participate in Blueprint, and local area action items provided for Blueprint. The Blueprint team will
also hold community outreach open houses with the public to better understand how individuals deal
North Carolina Flood Resiliency Blueprint
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with flood hazard impacts, their understanding of resilience, and if mitigation actions are happening
at the personal level. The outreach events will include six stations (what is flooding (in Blueprint),
what is mitigation, what is resilience, what is the Blueprint, how flooding impacts on a personal level,
and a means to tell their flooding, mitigation, or resiliency story). The community outreach open
houses will be held in coordination with the four local leader meetings across the state. There will be
additional outreach in the Neuse River Basin. It is also proposed that each basin study should have an
outreach meeting within their basin in a future project phase in addition to other basin-specific focus
group meetings. The community outreach meetings will provide a better understanding of how local
individuals and communities are responding to flood hazards to inform the Blueprint.
North Carolina Flood Resiliency Blueprint
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3 Recommendation Process
Blueprint development will involve creating a recommendation matrix for actionable and outcome-
oriented pathways that determine when and how decisions must be made, and at what level of
interaction. This matrix will include a breakdown of the tasks and subtasks associated with the
Blueprint and determine the necessary TAG providing feedback. There are a total of 43 deliverables
which will be provided to the six TAGs and the Neuse Regional Advisory Group for review. Specific
TAGs will be asked to review deliverables based on their subject matter expertise. A primary TAG is
assigned for review of each deliverable. In some situations, a secondary TAG will also be assigned. All
TAG members will have the opportunity to review all documents from the Blueprint if they choose.
The following questions shown in Figure 2 will drive NCDEQ’s decision-making process:
Figure 2: Recommendation Questions
3.1 What recommendation must be made?
Recommendation needs will differ for each TAG. Recommendations and input will be provided by
each of the TAGs. TAGs will provide input through comments, questions and concerns submitted on
the assigned deliverables and at TAG meetings. TAG meetings will be held on March 15th, May 3rd,June
30th, and July 25th, 2023. Additional meetings may be coordinated by the TAG Chairs. A project
checkpoint meeting will be held with the TAGs on November 2nd and a final closeout meeting will be
held December 6th. TAG members will have the ability to communicate through Microsoft Teams, as
well as at additional meetings as determined by the TAG Chairs. The goal is to have efficient and
effective TAG interactions and the ability to review information before the specific TAG meetings
occur.
3.2 Who is making the recommendation?
The recommendation matrix will help determine the appropriate parties to provide input on each of
the task deliverables throughout Blueprint development. At the beginning of the project, each TAG,
through a TAG Chair, will define their preference for interactions within the TAG for review of
North Carolina Flood Resiliency Blueprint
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documents and questions about content. Should questions or concerns need specific expertise, the
TAG, through the TAG Chair or NCDEQ, can create a sub-TAG, which would provide recommendations
on specific questions or issues. These sub-TAGs could be created for one question or for the life of the
TAG they are assigned to. All information from the sub-TAG will be provided to the TAG and
incorporated with other recommendations provided to NCDEQ. Insight from TAG members
representing historically marginalized communities will be considered to ensure environmental
justice considerations are included during development of Blueprint recommendations.
Documentation will set up subtask flow paths (see Figure 3) between the TAGs, helping define to
whom the ultimate recommendation belongs, and if a recommendation needs input from multiple
TAGs. The Neuse Advisory group has specific deliverables associated with the final Neuse Basin Action
strategy. These documents are Neuse specific deep dives to other documents produced for the
Blueprint process.
Figure 3: Subtask Flow Paths
3.3 How will the recommendation be made?
The TAGs will determine the variables needed to move forward with recommendations, including
tools and data. Technical information will also be provided to assist with the understanding of
requirements for the Blueprint. Data and documents will be readily available with transparency of
access to assist with review and to make sure all information needed for the recommendations is
available.
3.4 What are the impacts of this recommendation?
There are a series of receptors used to determine the recommendation's impacts. These receptors are
environment, social, economics, infrastructure, and structures and help determine what will be the
direct and indirect impacted by a flood hazard. Administrative impacts must also be considered either
from a policy, capacity, or capability perspective. Recommendation variables will be provided,
prioritized, and weighted for inclusion. This prioritization will be done in coordination with the
appropriate TAGs.
North Carolina Flood Resiliency Blueprint
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3.5 What is the next step for specific recommendations?
Recommendations can take many paths. Questions to be considered by the advisory groups to
determine how the recommendation could be implemented such as:
• Is the recommendation an action that needs more input or can it move forward immediately?
• What is the level of effort to put this recommendation into action?
• Who are others needed to help implement the recommendation?
• Who can lead the implementation process?
These questions will be used to work toward a TAG agreement. If there are concerns or participants do
not agree with the recommendation, the issues will be documented by notetakers during the
meetings and provided by the TAG Chair to the Core Advisory Group. The Core Advisory Group may
make a final decision or request a sub-TAG to further review the topic or provide additional resources
that would allow for further discussion on the topic.
North Carolina Flood Resiliency Blueprint
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4 Final Decisions
Final recommendations will be provided to the Core Advisory Group from the TAGs, Neuse Regional
Advisory Group, and PAG. The Core Advisory Group will have the ability to ask for more information
from the TAGs or request the creation of a sub-TAG for specialty information. All final decisions will be
determined by NCDEQ.
North Carolina Flood Resiliency Blueprint
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5 Recommendation Workflow
Figure 4: Recommendation Workflow
The recommendation workflow (see Figure 4) starts with the development of content by the
consultant. Content is based on task and subtask scope. Task 1 includes review of existing data, plans,
and documents. Deliverables will be reviewed by the TAGs with comments provided for
comprehensive inclusion of needed foundational information. Task 2 includes a gap analysis, where
foundational data is reviewed to make sure it has everything needed for recommendations. These are
reviewed by TAGs for feedback on missing or excluded data. Task 3 involves providing
recommendations on Blueprint needs in order to be comprehensive and effective for the state. These
recommendations will be at a state-wide level and will need to be clarified and potentially adjusted
for basin needs. The Neuse River Basin Advisory Group will work to incorporate these
Subtask content development,
options identified,
recommendations documented
TAG + Neuse
Comments/
Recommendations
Principal
Core Decision
Development
Authority to make
final decision
Executive Leadership
Comments provided
Adjustments
Need Executive Input
Leadership Adjustments Final Approval
Final Decision
Revisit
recommendations
as needed
Recommendation
Phase
Decision
Development Phase
Input Provided
Adjustments
Final Approval
Decisions Final Format
North Carolina Flood Resiliency Blueprint
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recommendations into a Neuse level implementation. This will eventually need to be done for each
basin throughout the state. The TAG and Neuse comments will be provided to the Core Advisory
Group and the PAG. The PAG will review for potential impacts to outside sources such as other state
agencies, local governments, tribal councils, and other entities.
Task 4 is the final North Carolina Flood Resiliency Blueprint Draft, the Neuse River Basin Action
Strategy, and the requirements for the Decision Support Tool. The Core Advisory Group will review all
documents in Task 1 (literature review) Task 2 (Gap Analysis), and Task 3 (recommendations) for
inclusion and clarification of the Draft Blueprint. NCDEQ Executive Leadership will determine final
inputs into the North Carolina Flood Resiliency Blueprint Draft to be provided to the General Assembly
as a deliverable.
North Carolina Flood Resiliency Blueprint
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6 Challenges Specific to Recommendations Within the
TAGS
A risk register will be created for the Blueprint with potential pitfalls, mitigation of the common
challenges, and potential risks throughout the recommendation processes. Many of these challenges
can be managed through proper planning and coordination. Recommendation issues may need
special consideration. Table 2 includes a portion of the Risk Log for the stakeholder engagement
processes. This list will be updated as issues arise during the project.
Table 2: Risk Log with Challenges Specific to Decision-Making
Challenges Mitigation Strategies Impacts
Assemble the proper
stakeholders
• Allow TAG members to help determine sub-TAGs and assist
in selecting members for the sub-TAG that may be
unknown to NCDEQ Division of Mitigation Services or the
contractor
TAG
• If there are others that would be valuable to the process,
their names can be submitted to the TAG Chair which will
provide them to NCDEQ to determine if they can be added
to the team
Blueprint
Misinterpretation of role or
responsibilities
• Clearly define roles and responsibilities of the participants
• Provide education and clarification on roles and
interactions
Blueprint
Defining level of participation • If initial TAG members are not able to participate, others
will be brought in to ensure representative participation
Blueprint
• Each group, at the first meeting, will define their collective
expertise, how the groups participate within the project,
and the level of participation expected from the group
Blueprint
Stakeholders may try to
influence the outcome for
their own means
• Clear and concise request for needed input from
participants
Blueprint
Engagement methodologies • At the first meeting, the groups will determine engagement
processes to show how they wish to participate within the
TAG, with other TAGs, and with the Core Advisory Group
Blueprint
Decisions and actions may be
slower to reach than planned
• Frequent schedule updates so all participants understand
where we are with timing of products
Blueprint
North Carolina Flood Resiliency Blueprint
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Challenges Mitigation Strategies Impacts
Group feedback • A feedback loop will be defined for each group. It will
show how information will move from one group to
the other, and to the Core Advisory Group allowing for
open and clear communication.
• Contractor leads will participate in multiple groups as
transition members sharing information between
groups and ensuring information pertinent to
multiple groups is coordinated.
Blueprint
North Carolina Flood Resiliency Blueprint
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7 Conclusion
Recommendations from all Advisory Groups will be a key factor in the success of Blueprint
development. This workflow shows how information will flow from through all Advisory Groups for
formalizing recommendations that will be provided to NCDEQ. The different TAGs will provide a
holistic look at the needs of the Blueprint from several different perspectives within their subject
matter expertise. Working through the Advisory Group Chairs, the participants of all groups can review
and comment on questions and concerns related to the Blueprint deliverables. Alignment for final
recommendations will have many drivers including environmental justice, subject matter expertise,
and data and models. Information from literature review, other state plans, local and regional plans,
technical models, and new methodologies will be considered and put forth for the TAGs to consider in
providing recommendations. This recommendations document is considered a supplement to the
Stakeholder Engagement Plan for the Blueprint and can be more efficiently used in combination with
that document.