20191104_Written_Comments_from_Speakers_17-02

Good evening. My name is Leslie Zimmerman and I live at 732 Solomon Road in Leasburg, Ca
Thank you for granting this hearing and giving us the opportunity to speak.
I'm going to be brief, as the rest of the speakers will be presenting specifics about issues with
the quarry and other intended projects
It's important for you to know who is here tonight.
When this started there were only a handful of neighbors involved. That, as you can see, has
changed.
Will everyone from Orange County please stand up?
Will everyone from Person County please stand up?
Will everyone from Caswell County please stand up?
Will all the elected and other government officials please stand up?
The concern is broad. But there is much we have in common:
We care about the land.
We care about the water.
We care about the community.
We care about our way of life, we chose to live in a rural area away from conveniences
We chose to sleep and wake to natures sound.
We care about the future of this area.
We are worried about all those things.
I would invite everyone to listen to the remarks tonight with Carolina Sunrock's own value
statement, taken from their website, in mind:
"Sunrock is especially concerned with the protection of both the environment of our properties
and the neighboring properties and communities surrounding the company's operations. Every
effort should be afforded to prevent the detrimental effect caused by water and air pollution
within the communities we operate."
We are concerned that despite every effort, the risk from this quarry operation will have a
detrimental effect. We hope after hearing the concerns of so many that Sunrock will be asked to
abandon their plans to locate a quarry here in Caswell County.
Thank you again for listening.

Spear -1W 3 3YA
My name is Pat Warren and I live at 36 Main Street in Prospect Hill. I have deep roots in
Prospect Hill, going back to the early 1800's.
I along with a 150 plus strong group of citizens in Caswell and the surrounding counties
adamantly oppose the siting of the proposed 680-acre rock quarry at Ridgeville Road and
Wrenn Road in Prospect Hill. We are united, determined, persistent, and forthcoming in our
efforts. We are in it for the long haul and we will not stand down. It is not too late.
I would like to recognize our leader Leslie Zimmerman who continues to do an incredible job of
organizing. Please stand Leslie. I would also like to recognize our other members. Will you
please stand if you have attended organizational meetings, written letters or emails, attended
Board of Commissioners or county board meetings, handed out flyers, made calls, or taken
any other actions in opposition to the quarry. It is not too late.
We are in consultation with more than 15 environmental groups, two of which are speaking
tonight, Clean Water for NC and Dan River Keepers. Three other groups and perhaps more
plan to submit a report to you within the 10-day period. These are Clean Air Carolina, Sierra
Club North Carolina Chapter, and through North Carolina Environmental Justice, the University
of NC at Chapel Hill City and Regional Planning Department. It is not too late.
We are also in consultation with other experts, elected officials, county departments, attorneys,
medical doctors, and various community groups, one of which is speaking tonight, The
Piedmont Progressive Farmers Group. It is not too late.
When speaking with others around the state who are fighting similar battles, one fact in
particular stood out to me. Most of their battles are centered on keeping their environment from
getting FURTHER polluted. Caswell's is a different story though. We are starting from clean
and it is not too late to keep Caswell County's rivers, streams, ground water, and air clean,
clear, and flowing and to protect our beautiful and pristine Caswell County. It is not too late.
We have installed air particulate monitors adjacent to the proposed site in order to get a
baseline reading of air quality. Out of 6 levels, all monitors now show the lowest particulate
level. It is not too late!
Our county commissioners and appointed boards cannot shoulder this burden alone. Their
hands are tied in ways that ours are not. We need to support each other, and that is our
intention. It is not too late.
We invite anyone who would like to join us in our efforts with open arms. It is not too late for
Caswell County. In fact, it is exactly the right time.
Thank you very much.
Pat Warren

Environmental Groups, Departments, and Officials Contacted
Environmental Groups
• Blue Ridge Environmental Defense League
• Clean Air Carolina
• Clean Water for NC
• Dan River Basin Association
• Dan River Keeper
• Environment North Carolina
• Haw River Assembly
• NC Conservation Network
• NC Environmental Justice
• Piedmont Conservancy
• Piedmont Environmental Alliance
• Sierra Club North Carolina Chapter
• Southern Environmental Law
• Wild Law
County Departments
• Caswell County Planning Board
• Caswell County Soil and Water
• Person County Soil and Water
• Orange County Soil and Water
• Roxboro Water Department
• Roxboro City Manager
Elected Officials
• Caswell County Board of Commissioners
• Governor Roy Cooper
• Senator Phil Berger - Caswell County
• Senator Mike Woodard - Person County
• Jeannie Osborjne /Office of Congressman Mark Walker
• Rep Graig Meyer - Orange and Caswell County
• Rep Larry Yarborough - Person County

To: Judy Wehner and other officials of the NCDEQ
Re: Concerns regarding the proposed Aggregate Mine in Prospect Hill, Caswell Co., NC
My name is Stephen Pietsch and I own property on Goose Creek Road in Caswell County. This property
borders directly next to the property line of the 630 acre Carolina Sunrock facility and is within 200 feet
of the proposed quarry.
One of my concerns is regarding how streams, wetlands, a class II HQW reservoir (Lake Roxboro) and the
South Hyco Creek Watershed in general will be adversely affected with sediment pollution as a result of
the discharge of "waste" water from the mining operation. Several of those streams run directly
through the quarry itself. According to the EPA it is illegal to discharge any pollutants into waters of the
United States from a point source without obtaining a NPDES permit ensuring the integrity of the
environment in question. The Clean Water Act considers sand and rock, along with minerals such as
mercury, pollutants that could compromise the waters. The EPA states the most common places where
sediment pollution is found is in rivers, streams, lakes and reservoirs. Also, according to Sunrock's own
hydro geological analysis, excessive levels of mercury have been detected in water samples.
Sunrock's application for the mining permit states that water from the mining operation (waste water)
would definitely be discharged into streams and wetlands within the watershed that feed directly into
Lake Roxboro.
According to the SWDF (Safe Water Drinking Foundation) regarding pollution caused by erosion
sedimentation -- mining disturbs soil and rock in the course of construction and maintenance of roads,
open pits and waste impoundment. Erosion of exposed earth may carry large amounts of sediment into
streams, rivers, lakes, etc. Excessive sediment can clog streams smothering watershed vegetation and
wildlife habitat.
Buffers and berms help mitigate the damage but cannot be relied upon to completely prevent sediment
pollution from taking place. They also will not prevent pollutants from blasting that settle outside the
confines of the mine. either in the water itself or on land that will wash into the waters from natural rain
events.
I know, according to the permit application, Sunrock has enlisted third party companies to analyze the
existing impacts and will have one of those companies apply for the required NPDES permit on their
behalf. However, I believe special consideration should be given to this analysis because of the unique
circumstances involving the water environment surrounding the mine, as stated above. I don't think
Sunrock has ever run a mining operation under these circumstances and there is really nothing specific
in their documentation that I can see that provides solutions on how all these combined environments
will remain clean and unaffected. A mining permit should not be approved until the NPDES permit has
been granted, not just applied for, and specific documentation is provided on how Sunrock will retain
the integrity of the above described watershed environment.
Next, how will the streams and wetlands handle the excessive volume and excess flow of water being
discharged? Sunrock states in their application that two wetlands will be permanently affected but
impacts will be minor. How can impacts on any of the streams and wetlands be considered minor based
on the amount of water being discharged? In their application Sunrock has left the amount of water
being discharged blank. However, based on their own documentation, intake water tests show more

than 3.4 million gallons of water per day could be pumped into the quarries. Combine that with storm
water estimates the water discharge from the quarries could likely be millions of gallons per day. It is
doubtful that the streams and wetland environments can handle the pollution and extra flow caused by
this excessive daily volume of water.
An example might be a similar Martin Marietta quarry in Beaufort County. On December 18, 2017
Superior Court judge Joshua Willey, Jr. ruled to vacant the quarry operation's DWR water permit stating
that the DWR had exceeded its authority by granting the permit. Why? Because there would be up to
12 million gallons of water pumped from the quarry and outflow of water into the affected stream
would permanently alter the creek and wetland habitat by turning a slow moving habitat into a fast
flowing stream of mostly mine waste. Judge Wiley ruled that the DWR made their decision to grant the
permit without properly evaluating the species and habitat in the creeks and streams.
How does this relate to the Prospect Hill quarry? They are of similar size. The Beaufort County
operation is 649 acres. The Prospect Hill quarry is 630 acres. Both would likely be pumping millions of
gallons of water per day out of their quarries into streams and wetlands.
Sunrock states that the expected life of their operation will be approximately 50 years. How much
water will be discharged into the streams, wetlands and watershed over that period of time? let's be
conservative and say only 3 million gallons per day are being discharged. That would be 3 million
gallons, multiplied by 365 days, times 50 years resulting in an excess of over 54 billion gallons of water
flowing into those streams. 54,750,000,000 gallons of water.
And, how will wildlife be affected? The streams, wetlands and watershed will most likely be adversely
affected by the water discharge, as will the wildlife within the environment. According to the NIWA
(National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research), sediment pollution can significantly reduce the
number of invertebrate species in streams and creeks by smothering of the habitant — which brings me
to my next concern.
The James spineymussel is an invertebrate species that is on the Federal Endangered Species list and is
federally protected. The 630 acre mine sits right on top of the habitat for this species. The habitat
covers Caswell County and specifically includes all the streams and wetlands residing in the South Hyco
Creek Watershed. And more specifically, includes all the streams that run directly through and adjacent
to the Sunrock Prospect Hill quarry itself (Sugartree Creek, South Hyco Creek and other unnamed
tributaries within the boundaries of the mine). The United States Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) needs
to be contacted and an investigation should take place to determine if this mussel does indeed exist
within these creeks and streams. In my opinion, no mining permits should be approved until all
investigations are complete, regardless f how long it takes. Damage to the species could already have
taken place and it would likely be very difficult to undo the affect to this Endangered Species. If the
species does exist in these streams the permit application should be rejected.
l also want to talk about blasting and the danger to human life itself.
According to the book Theory and Technology of Rock Excavation for Civil Engineering:
- A limit of 120 decibels for human discomfort is commonly used and 133 should be avoided.
- The recommended maximum level for airblast is 115 decibels.

Normal conversation is about 60 decibels, a lawn mower is about 90, and a loud rock concert is
about 120. In general, sounds above 85 decibels are harmful.
Loud noise above 120 decibels can cause immediate harm to your ears.
Regular exposure to 110 decibels of more than 1 minute risks permanent hearing loss.
Why is this significant? Vibra-Tech is a third party company hired by Sunrock to analyze and predict Air
Overpressure. According to their analysis, the peak levels exceed 115 decibels in all 27 resident
locations tested, for both quarry pits, up to 7,489 feet away from the blast site. 22 predictions exceed
120 decibels and all locations residing less than 2,000 feet away exceed 127 decibels with two of those
locations exceeding 131.
Lastly, there are numerous documented cases across the country where people have been injured or
died from fly rock due to blasting. According to the Virginia DMME fly rock presents the largest
potential hazard to persons of private property at or near the blast site. Sunrock states throughout their
documents, interviews and public meetings that they are committed to minimizing any impacts on the
environment, public health, etc. In their application for the permit they state that blasting will be
"scaled and executed...... to minimize the potential for fly rock." Shouldn't they be trying to "prevent"
fly rock? Their statement implies that there WILL be fly rock but they hope it won't be too bad. There
should be zero potential for collateral damage from blasting, not just a minimal amount. Is it worth the
risk just because government metrics and standards have been complied with?
Thank you for your time.
Respectfully,
Steohen Pietsch
Goose Creek Road
Prospect Hill, NC

rs�
SpeUkw Its -
PUBLIC HEARING
I'm Viginia Pietsch. Our land borders Sunrock off Goose Creek Road which is
our neighborhoods only way in and out. It is about 100 feet from the proposed
blasting area. Our potential new neighbor Sunrock will be mostly monitoring
themselves and will substantially affect our public health.
Blasting is based on predictions. Much like weather forecasts, Nature has a
mind of its own. Employees are warned and protected. Neighbors, people on
near -by roads, and wherever the wind carries fine dust particles are usually not
and have no warning.
DANGERS OF AIRBLASTS
"Controlling Air Overpressure presents a challenge because it is influenced by
factors beyond the blaster's control such as atmospheric conditions and local
topography. "
The DMME states "complaints are commonly registered when air overpressure
exceeds 115 decibels.
"A limit of 120 dB for human discomfort is commonly used and 133 to avoid ...
The recommended maximum level for airblast is 115 dB Linear.
Normal conversation is about 60, a lawn mower is about 90, and a loud rock
concert is about 120. In general, sounds above 85 are harmful.
Loud noise above 3�U can cause.. ._ _•. :" . 2 ..I me I r.t�il i iL`i ... iL� V 11v:
Xxxxxx
According to Vibra-Tech's "Predictions for Sunrock" - All properties up to
4,700 feet away from the blast site had from 115-134.4 decibels. Any address
less than 2.UUU tees away had 121dit- 134.4.
Xxxx
DANGERS OF FLYROCK.
On August 3, 2017 in Jamestown, NC rocks and debris from a rock quarry
explosion landed in neighbors yards causing damage to homes. A plant
manager confirmed crews were blasting.
In Iowa a Citation was issued on April 28, 2016 for a "fatal accident" about
"1204 feet" away on "a road leading into the quarry"
On September 17, 2019 in West Virginia, a little boy was killed in his bed by
flyrock smashing though his bedroom window.
There are too many more examples and impacts.

I am so thankful for all who came here and are writing letters to DEQ within the
next 10 days because they care about NC, its people, wildlife, air, and water.
I don't want ANYONE to be collateral damage due to an accident because of
someone's incorrect prediction, mistake, or idea of "minimum risk". We are
hoping our government will protect us with ZERO RISK from the quarry. We are
counting on the state to consider all concerns, complaints, problems, violations,
etc. for this company or other quarries in similar situations. Is it worth the risk?
References:
https•//www.dmme.vi[ginia.gov/DMM/pdf/BROCHURES/BlastingPamr)hlet.pdf
Theory and Technology of Rock Excavation for Civil Engineering
https://books.google.com ) books
Din__xiang Zou - 2016 - Science
https://myfox8.com/2017/08/03/houses-damaaed-after-rock-guarry-explosion-
in Jamestown/
https://www.msha.gov/data-reports/fatality-reports/2016/fatality-3-march-22-
2016/final-report
https://www.aggman.com/quarry-blast-sends-fly-rock-into-yards-of-neighbodng-
homes

S &J� I-,-U
P �
I am James Painter and I live at 1300 Painter
Road Prospect Hill.
I was born in 1922 and have lived in the
community all my life except for when I was in
the Navy during World War ll.
was a crop and beef cattle farmer until I
retired. I have been a member of the Farm
Bureau for about 60 years.
In the 1930's, I helped my daddy with others he
hired to build 2 miles of what is now Wrenn
Road including a bridge to connect two dead
end roads. The Northern dead end began at
Ridgeville Road and ended at the Wrenn house
across from the proposed quarry site. The
Southern dead end was near
GR u�sv Ad rh
We originally built a road to my daddy's farm
highway department would not agree to
maintain it unless we connected the two dead
Page 1 of 4

end roads. At that time, tree cutting was done
using crosscut saws and axes. The grading
was done using mule and tractor -drawn
equipment. It took more than three years for us
to connect the two roads and get it up to state
standards.
Farming was our number one project and has
always been important to this community.
When I was growing up, most farms got their
milk from a cow they milked, got eggs from
their own chickens, raised their own hogs for
meat. Some made molasses and had bees for
honey. The farms are now much larger than
they were but the community still depends on
tobacco and cattle and chickens to provide a
livelihood for families but many young residents
have an interest in raising their own food so
they know how it was raised and where it
comes from.
am concerned the impacts of a quarry,
including how dust
,,and water shortages or
contamination will displace some of these
Page 2of4

farms and that it will have a negative impact on
livestock and poultry and pollinator and honey
bees.
My property is about 150 yards from the
existing Sunrock site near Wrenn Road and
Highway 49.
I had heard rumors that the site was to be used
only temporarily for mixing asphalt for a state
highway project but that was not true.
The site is visible along Wrenn Road and has
been an eyesore since they stripped the topsoil
and moved old equipment there. More
recently, they built a berm and planted small
trees/shrubs on the site along the highway.
If this site is an example of Sunrock's respect
for the community and how they operate, a
quarry does not bode well for us.
The creek on my property which is close to the
site Sunrock now owns feeds into Sugartree
Page 3 of 4

Creek which feeds into South Hyco Creek. If
there is runoff on the backside of that property,
it will likely reach the creek on my property
which feeds into Sugartree Creek. A quarry will
make it more likely that the site that Sunrock
now owns will discharge into the creek which
crosses my property.
For that and other reasons, I do not believe the
quarry is good for this county.
Mr. James Painter
1300 Painter Road
Prospect Hill, NC 27312
Page 4 of 4

I am Bruce Pleasant and I reside at 1268 Painter Road
Prospect Hill.
am the Lay Leader of Bethel United Methodist Church
which is directly across from the proposed Sunrock
quarry site on Ridgeville Road. Our church was
established in 1874. 1 am deeply worried that if the
application for a mining permit is approved, our church
will no longer be a place of peaceful worship and
fellowship. I fear that funerals will be disrupted with the
sound of blasting and earth vibrations from the mining
activities. we have several faithful, elderly members of
our congregation and two of them must carry portable
oxygen with them to church. The silica dust, a known
carcinogen, from the mining operations will undoubtedly
make breathing especially difficult for those who already
have breathing issues. I fear that some of our elderly
members will be unable to attend services at Bethel due
to poor air quality around the quarry site if the quarry
becomes our neighbor. I am also afraid of what affect the
1 of 4

quarry's pumping of millions of gallons of water per day
will have on the church's well water supply.
The history of Carolina Sunrock tells us that they cannot
be trusted to be transparent and do what they promise as
evidenced by their history with other quarry operations,
most recently the Woodsdale quarry in Northern Person
County. Their historical lack of transparency and
unwillingness to answer questions publicly has left
mistrust in the community.
Prospect Hill has always been an agricultural community.
The proposed traffic route will require trucks to turn left
onto Ridgeville Road and to make another left turn onto
Highway 86. It is proposed that there will be 75 round -
trips made by 70,000 lb tandem -axle trucks on a narrow
secondary road. While it is a given that the quarry would
result in increased road traffic and wear to the roads,
Ridgeville Road has a number of farms between Wrenn
Road and HWY 86. These trucks, the heaviest on the
2 of 4

roads, sharing the road with slow -moving farm equipment
would be a public safety hazard. The number of trucks
will increase over time.
There are no economic benefits that justify the impacts to
personal health or safety of the community - certainly not
15 jobs. The cumulative impacts of this proposal will be
both long-term and permanent. If mining operations are
permitted at the proposed site and my fears are realized,
where does our church go to get our water supply back?
Where do we turn to get clean air that our members with
respiratory illnesses need to breathe? And who would we
need to see to be able to have funeral services without
anticipating loud explosions, smelling the oder of hot
asphalt, feeling the vibrations of the building's foundation
and hearing the sounds of rattling window panes? These
are some of the fears that I have but perhaps my biggest
fear is that if the permit application is approved, we will
forever lose a quality of life our members, the oldest of
whom spoke earlier, have known their whole life and then
3 of 4

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Shbject; rock quarry
Earl Wrenn of 2927 Egypt Road, Prospect Hill. " PU�tv
I went before the Board Commissioners
originally back in January about a concern in Prospect Hill on Wrenn Road regarding a rock
quarry. I stated to the Board about the test wells that were being drilled on the site and that
the wells were being left open. On January 2nd I called Daniel Fox Environmental Engineer
Public Water Suppy Section NC Department of Environmental Quality about this concern and
could it affect our wells. He email me back on Jan. 2°d to contract the Caswell County Health
Dept. On Jan. 2"d I email Donnie Powel I said Mr. Powel
I have a question and concern I hope you can help with. Out on Wrenn Rd in Prospect Hill
there has been a lot of drilling 1 Some of these sites the drilling has lasted over several days
before moving to new site. My concern I have viewed some of these site and the well are open
and not covered is this not a concern.to our nearby well?
Jan 7"' I email Donnie Powel again becase I had not heared back from him I said Donnie did
you get chance to view the test well sites on Wrenn Rd. out in Prospect hill? Jan 8`h. Mr Powel
email I have made a visit to the site and am continuing to gather information about the site. I do
think they are planning something there but am still gathering info. Will be in touch
Jan.9- email from. Donnie Powel, The activity of drilling those
exploratory holes is exempt from well drilling rules in NC. I was told
yesterday by our representative at the NC On Site Water Protection
Section that we have no regulatory authority in this case. The
representative for Sunrock did assure me that it was their practice to
properly abandon all their test borings with grout and that was done
to each of the borings there. That being said, I can not personally
verify that has happened at all the test borings and unfortunately
since I have no regulatory authority!
Feb.11'"I Donnie Powel email
1

` - -. !Z •t}[7 it •�
-
_ - ..
• I -
lip•

I am following up with you about the test wells out on Wrenn Rd. I am sorry I haven't been in
touch . Are there still borings that have not been filled on the property? Can you give me an
idea of where they are (if still unfilled) so I can follow up with the project manager and get
some answers about them.
Feb.12"'
To Donnie Yes there are holes still open!
Sept.11"' Sunrock held a meeting at Prospect hill Fire dept. I voice my concerns again about
the open boring site. SunRock agree to meet at the site on Sept. 16`h to view the open boring I
show them two open boring on the farm roads they fill the holes with the dirt from where the
hole were drill, did not used grout. So 1 been checking on these open holes since around
Nov.201S and almost a year later someone took some action! As you can see I did not
received much help from state or local health dept. So how can we be sure going forward that
the Right things will be done??
Thanks Earl

Donnie Powell, EHS
Environmental Health Supervisor
Caswell County Health Department
NC 27379
336-694-9731
Daniel there are holes still open any suggestions who I can call?
Earl Wrenn
VP of Corporate Engineering
Decorative Fabrics of America, LLC
Excellence, Accountability and Now"!
[e-mail]
Office: 336-343-4569
Cell: 336-264-8121
From: Fox, Daniel S fmailto:[e-mail]]
Send Wednesday, January 02, 2019 8:30 AM
To: Earl Wrenn
Subject: Caswell Co Health Department
Earl,
The Director of the Caswell County Health Dept. is Donnie Powell. His contact information is as follows:
Main: [phone], ext. 207
Cell: [phone]
Email: dpowell(@caswellnc.us
I have a secondary contact, Will Shields. His cell number is [phone], and his email address is
[e-mail].
Hope this helps. It was good talking to you.
Shawn
D. Shawn Fox, E.I.
Environmental Engineer
Public Water Supply Section
NC Department of Environmental Quality
[phone] office
[phone] fax
Shawn. Fox(o.ncdenr.gov
Winston-Salem Regional Office
450 West Hanes Mill Road, Suite 300
Winston-Salem, NC 27105
Email correspondence to and from this address is subject to the
North Carolina Public Records Law and may be disclosed to third parties.
3

Office: 336-343-4569
Cell: 336-264-8121
From: Earl Wrenn
Sent Wednesday, January 02, 2019 10:06 AM
To: d_oowell0caswellnc.us
Subject Well tesdrg on Wrenn Road
Mr. Powel
I have a question and concern I hope you can help with. Out on Wrenn Rd in Prospect Hill there has
been a lot of drilling during the day and also at nightl Some of these sites the drilling has lasted over
several days before moving to new site. My concern I have viewed some of these site and the well are
open and not covered is this not a concern to our nearby wells? We are being told that a Rock Quarry is
coming?
This is news to us out in Prospect Hill. What your thoughts on this?
Earl Wrenn
VP of Corporate Engineering
Decorative Fabrics of America, LLC
Excellence, Accountability and Now"!
[e-mail]
Office: 336-343-4569
Cell: 336-264-8121

Earl Wrenn
From:
Donnie Powell <[e-mail]>
Sent.
Tuesday, January 08, 2019 2:13 PM
To:
Earl Wrenn
Subject
Re: Well testing on Wrenn Road
Follow Up Flag: Follow up
Flag Status: Flagged
Earl,
I have made a visit to the site and am continuing to gather information about the site. I do think they are
planning something there but am still gathering info. Will be in touch
Donnie Powell, EHS
Environmental Health Supervisor
Caswell County Health Department
Yanceyville, NC 27379
336-694-9731
Please take a moment to complete our Customer Satisfaction Survey.
httos://wa..,,w.surveymonkey.com/r/caswellenvirohealth
On 1/7/201912.45 PM, Earl Wrenn wrote:
Donnie did you get chance to view the test well sites on Wrenn Rd. out in Prospect hill?
Earl Wrenn
VP of Corporate Engineering
Decorative Fabrics of America, LLC
Excellence. Accountability and Now"!
[e-mail]
Office: 336-343-4569
Cell: 336-264-8121
From: Earl Wrenn
Sent: Wednesday, January 02, 2019 1:26 PM
To: [e-mail]
Subject RE: Well besting on Wrenn Road
The drilling company was Parratt Wolf out of Hillsborough.
Earl Wrenn
VP of Corporate Engineering
Decorative Fabrics of America, LLC
Excellence, Accountability and Now"!
[e-mail]

I have made a visit to the site and am continuing to gather information about the site. I do think
they are planning something there but am still gathering info. Will be in touch
Donnie Powell, EHS
Environmental Health Supervisor
Caswell County Health Department
Yancsyville, NC. 27379
336-694-9731
Please take a moment to complete our Customer Satisfaction Survey.
httos://www.surveymonkey.com/r/caswellenvirchealth
On 1/7/201912:45 PM, Earl Wrenn wrote:
Donnie did you get chance to view the test well sites on Wrenn Rd. out in Prospect hill?
Earl Wrenn
VP of Corporate Engineering
Decorative Fabrics of America, LLC
Excellence, Accountability and Now"!
[e-mail]
Office: 336-343-4569
Cell: 336-264-8121
From: Earl Wrenn
Sent: Wednesday, January 02, 2019 1:26 PM
To: doowell(d)caswelInc. us
Subject: RE: Well testing on Wrenn Road
The drilling company was Parratt Wolf out of Hillsborough.
Earl Wrenn
VP of Corporate Engineering
Decorative Fabrics of America, LLC
Excellence, Accountability and Now"!
[e-mail]
Office: 336-343-4569
Cell: 336-264-8121
From: Earl Wrenn
Sent: Wednesday, January 02, 2019 10:06 AM
To: doowell(ftaswellnc. us
Subject: Well testing on Wrenn Road
Mr. Powel

Earl Wrenn
From: Donnie Powell <[e-mail]>
Sent: Wednesday, January 09, 2019 9:07 AM
To: Earl Wrenn
Subject: Re: Well testing on Wrenn Road
Follow Up Flag: Follow up
Flag Status: Flagged
I did not see any open holes. The activity of drilling those exploratory holes is exempt from well drilling rules
in NC. I was told yesterday by our representative at the NC On Site Water Protection Section that we have no
regulatory authority in this case. The representative for Sunrock did assure me that it was their practice to
properly abandon all their test borings with grout and that was done to each of the borings there. That being
said, I can not personally verify that has happened at all the test borings and unfortunately since I have no
regulatory authority I cannot go onto the site without trespassing_
Donnie Powell, EHS
Environmental Health Supervisor
Caswell County Health Department
Yanceyville, NC 27379
336-694-9731
Please take a moment to complete our Customer Satisfaction Survey.
httos://www.survevmonkev.corn/r/caswellenviroheaItIn
On 1/8/2019 2:14 PM, Earl Wrenn wrote:
Did you see the open well holes?
Earl Wrenn
VP of Corporate Engineering
Decorative Fabrics of America, LLC
Excellence, Accountability and Now"!
[e-mail]
Office: 336-343-4569
Cell: 336-264-8121
From: Donnie Powell fmailto:dpowellCalcaswellnc.us]
Sent Tuesday, January 08, 2019 2:13 PM
To: Earl Wrenn
Subject: Re: Wel testing on Wrenn Road
Earf,

How are you doing just want to give you some feedback on the subject on the open test wells I had question back in
January. We still have open hole and about 2 weeks back a helicopter sprayed the area for 2 days to kill off the over
growth! We are concern about our wells! Thanks ahead if there anything you can suggest to help with this concern.
Earl Wrenn
From: Fox, Daniel S fmailto:[e-mail]]
Sent: Monday, 3anuary 14, 2019 9:21 AM
To: Earl Wrenn
Subject~ RE: [External] RE: Caswell Co Health Department
At this point you may just have to continue talking with the drilling company to see if they can close the boreholes in a
more tfinefy manner.
Shawn
D. Shawn Fox, E.I.
Environmental Engineer
Public Water Supply Section
NC Department of Environmental Quality
[phone] office
[phone] fax
Shawn. Fox(d).ncdenr.gov
Winston-Salem Regional Office
450 West Hanes Mill Road, Suite 300
Winston-Salem, NC 27105
Email correspondence to and from this address is subject to the
North Carolina Public Records Law and may be disclosed to third parties.
From: Earl Wrenn <ewrenn mvdfamerica.com>
Sent: Friday, January 11, 2019 7:00 PM
To: Fox, Daniel S <[e-mail]>
Cc: Earl Wrenn <[e-mail]>
Subject: [External] RE: Caswell Co Health Department
Importance: High
This is the reply from Donnie Powell.
I did not see any open holes. The activity of drilling those exploratory holes is exempt from well drilling rules
in NC. I was told yesterday by our representative at the NC On Site Water Protection Section that we have no
regulatory authority in this case. The representative for Sunrock did assure me that it was their practice to
properly abandon all their test borings with grout and that was done to each of the borings there. That being
said, I can not personally verify that has happened at all the test borings and unfortunately since I have no
regulatory authority I cannot go onto the site without trespassing.

Earl Wrenn
From:
Fox, Daniel S <[e-mail]>
Sent
Friday, October 25, 2019 7:49 AM
To:
Earl Wrenn
Cc:
Fox, Daniel S
Subject:
RE: [External) RE: Caswell Co Health Department
Follow Up Flag: Follow up
Flag Status: Flagged
Earl,
I would contact the gentleman with the Caswell County Health Department (Donnie Powell) again and express your
concerns regarding the spraying over the open bore holes. The Public Water Supply Section only has authority over
wells that are considered "public", and not private or exploratory wells.
I will provide you a contact in the Water Quality Regional Operations Section here in Winston-Salem. His name is Jim
Gonsiewski, and his phone number is [phone], and his email is Jim.Gonsiewski ncdenr.gov. He may be of
assistance to you as he handles mostly private wells from a water quality standpoint, but also oversees monitoring and
injection wells. However, I still believe that someone with Caswell County will be your best avenue to assist in resolving
this issue.
Good luck. Thanks Earl.
Shawn
D. Shawn Fox, E.I.
Environmental Engineer
Public Water Supply Section
NC Department of Environmental Quality
[phone] office
[phone] fax
Shawn.FoxOncdenr.gov
Winston-Salem Regional Office
450 West Hanes Mill Road, Suite 300
Winston-Salem, NC 27105
Email correspondence to and from this address is subject to the
North Carolina Public Records Law and may be disclosed to third parties.
From: Earl Wrenn [mailto:[e-mail]]
Sent- Thursday, October 24, 20191:20 PM
To: Fox, Daniel S <[e-mail]>
Subject RE: [External] RE: Caswell Co Health Department
Shawn,

spoake, 9
Comments - State Mining Permit Hearing, 4 Nov ZU19
I appreciate you providing me this opportunity to speak
Introduction, My Name - Homes - Wells (Ref "A")
My name is Dale Kemper and I own homes at 28 Henry Daniels Road and 802
Russell Loop Road, Prospect Hill, Caswell Count, NC 27314. Both homes depend
upon existing water wells to supply potable water to me and my family. The well
at 28 Henry Daniels Road is
approximately 28-years old and was drilled to 165 feet. The well (#12) at 802
Russell Loop Road was drilled to a depth of 220 feet in 2017 and placed in service
2018. These depths take the wells to about Kfeet above mean sea level.
My primary concerns are:
Blasting - Destroy Wells: - Reason 2 for denying permit (Ref "E")
• Blasting will destroy these wells. Sunrock reports they plan to excavate
to a depth of about 500 feet (close to mean sea level). When the granite
rock is fractured I fear water will be drained from the very source we
depend upon. Demo with cup.
Blasting - Destroy Homes: - Reason 4 & 6 for denying permit (Ref "B,E,D")
• Blasting will destroy our quite enjoyment of the property where we live.
Such was the case as reported by CBS news in January 2018, concerning an
equivalent Sunrock quarry in Person County and its damage to a brick home
of similar age as mine plus excessive airborne dust.
Blasting - Destroy Roads: - Reason 4 for denying permit
The traffic that will result with multi-axel 18-ton dump trucks running
and turning on Caswell County roads That will create dust, road damage and
other adverse impacts to the citizens of this county.
Blasting - Destroy Wildlife: - Reason 2 for denying permit (Ref "E")
The Beaver Falls Conservation Area starts in the very property they are
planning to mine and crosses across the southern edge of my property. It
will adversely affect the wildlife residents in the Beaver Falls Conservation
Area. This area was established 30-years ago by adjoining property owners
to specifically protect beavers and other wild life

BTdsting - Destroy Freshwater: - Reason 2 for denying permit (Ref "E")
• Creeks running through the area feed into Lake Roxboro and we can
expect dust from blasting to settle in the watershed that feeds that
lake, a Class II drinking water system for the city of Roxboro.
Loss of Farm & Timber Land: - Not one of the 7 Reasons (Ref "E")
• I have been reading reports about how fast the we are losing farm and
timber land to commercial and industrial development. This proposed
quarry will take another 600 acres of farm/timber land into industrial
use. North Carolina is a great state for both farming and timber. There
are millions of acres available in the western states for mining.
The incompleteness of the environmental impact study is apparent to
me, a novice with such studies. I am convinced that no company can
meet environmental requirements of the proposed location.
Please deny the permit for this quarry, hot asphalt mix plant, and concrete
plant.
Judy Wehner,
Asst. State Mining Specialist
Email: [e-mail]
DEMLR Mining Section
1612 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699

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ROXBORO, N.C. (WNCN) — Neighbors living near a rock
quarry north of Roxboro told Person County commissioners
Monday night they're concerned about the impacts it's having
on their homes and health.
"Some of my foundation has cracked," said Joyce Lever, who
lives near the entrance to Carolina Sunrock's Woodsdale
Quarry. "You'll be in the house laughing and talking and all of
a sudden `boom!' You'd think you just had an earthquake."
Lever's cousin, Terry Rogers, took out a full -page
advertisement in the Courier -Times Saturday, which calls for
an end to the asphalt production at the site as well.
Neighbors have also started a petition on change.org.
"We can't come outside because of the dust that's being
emitted onto our properties, covering our cars, our yard,
furniture," said Rogers. "We just want to make sure that
Sunrock does the things that they were permitted to do."
CBS North Carolina reached out to an attorney for Sunrock
Group for comment but did not receive a reply.
�a

10/24/2019 Neighbors concerned about activities at Person County rock quarry
w
BREAKING NEWS / Former roommate charged after remains found believed to be Nash
County woman missing since 2004
NEWS
Neighbors concerned about activities at Person County rock
quarry
Neighbors concerned about activities at Person COur ray
rock quarry
1 minute left
by: Rodney Overton
Posted: Jan 8, 20181 10:37 PM EST / Updated: Jan 8, 2018 / 10:37 PM EST
ROXBORO, N.C. (WNCN) - Neighbors living near a rock quarry north of
Roxboro told Person County commissioners Monday night they're
concerned about the impacts it's having on their homes and health.
rile:///C:/Users/kempe_000/Desktop/Neighbors concerned about activities at Person County rock quarry.html 1/8

10/24/2019
Neighbors concerned about activities at Person County rock quarry
laughing and talking and all of a sudden `boom!' You'd think you just had an
earthquake:'
Lever's cousin, Terry Rogers, took out a full -page advertisement in the
Courier -Times Saturday, which calls for an end to the asphalt production at
the site as well.
Neighbors have also started a petition on change.org.
"We can't come outside because of the dust that's being emitted onto our
properties, covering our cars, our yard, furniture," said Rogers. "We just
want to make sure that Sunrock does the things that they were permitted
to do"
CBS North Carolina reached out to an attorney for Sunrock Group for
comment but did not receive a reply.
The county first issued a permit to the company in 2006, which was later
modified.
Person County attorney C. Ronald Aycock said county staff did not deem
the changes to be substantial enough to warrant further approval by county
commissioners.
That notion is the subject of an ongoing legal dispute. A Superior Court
judge recently ruled the local Board of Adjustment needs to rehear the case
involving Sunrock.
Rogers said the quarry's operations have moved closer to his cousin's home,
which he says is a substantial change.
file:///C:/Users/kempe_000/Desktop/Neighbors concerned about activities at Person County rock quarry.hlml 2/8

N v
www.personcountylife.com Saturday, December 29, 2018 The Courier -Times, Roxboro, N.C. PAGE 3A
FIRE
Continued from Page One
can't do anything to pin-
point a cause. The floor
is gone in a lot of places
and it's too dangerous to
run the risk of trying to
go in there and have one
of those chbriney'sfail on
someone and kill them,"
Torain said
The Roxborofire
department sendfive
trucks, includingtheir
laddertruck,and26fire-
fighters to the scene
Butthe fire depart-
ment wasn't finished
once the flames were
doused.
CHANGES
Continued from Page One
Countytohheeach
otheeswivesinaneBort
in get around state ethics
rules whichprobibited
themfromhkingtheir
own wives to worst in
theiroffices.
On Mondry, June 18,
thejury found the former
DA gusty on five of the
seven charges against
him
ThatTuesdrymorning
Judge Paul Ridgeway
sentenced Bradsher to
servehetweenfourand
14 monthsinjanl He has
sincecompletedthat
The
a quarry in northern
Person County and its
neighbors.
At a county com-
missioners meeting, 20
Woodsdale community
members packed the
meeting with complaints
about noise, polution and
dust caused by Carolina
Theconpanyofficials
say they have followed the
regulations and met the
requirements
Commissioners
claimed that it was out of
theirbandshecausethe
Board of Adjustment is
anhldependembody.
A Superior Courtjudge
ruledlastsptingthatthe
Board of Adjusmaent
didnothaveaproper
quorum when they made
"We got some presents
and wrapped them and
someone dressed as San-
taClaus. Webroughtthe
family to the fire station
and told them they were
still going to have Christ-
mas,"Torain said
McKinney said his
children, ages 8,16and
4,aredeaUngwiththe
tragedy in different ways
They haven't taken the
four -year -old to see the
house yet McKinney said
he was amazed by what
he saw the firefighters
doatthe scene onthe
night of the fire'Tw
neverseenfrefighters
putting out a fire before.
But they are like a team.
They huddled uR made a
plan andexecuheditrve
that decision and ordered
the group to review the
matter again. Before the
panel could hear evidence
in the case, though, the
owners of Tunnel Creek
Farm dropped thedr
appeal, clearing the way
forthe company to begin
In January,the Person
CountyBoard Commis
sionerswtedtoplacea
referendum on the Maya
primary ballot on wheth-
er to raiselocalseles tax
a quarter cent to support
increased fording for the
county's volunteer foe
departments.
If approved, it would
have generated between
=,ODD and $8X 00.
However, the nefenc
dumfacedanuphillbattle
because two previous
sales tax initiatives had
failed
There was much oppo-
sition over the sales tax.
Thevolunteerfire
deparbnentsjustwanted
addif fonal funds to keep
operating
Dayslater, several vol-
unteer foe departments
sentletters to county
leadersthteaten ingto
shut down if the county
didn't provide additional
finding.
In the spring, county
Commissioners were
divided in a 3.2 vote but
decided to reaffirm their
commitment tobl¢ea5-
ing VFD fimdingby 49
percent while not raising
taxes.
This allowed county
leaders to avoid a walkout
never seen such brave
people," McKinney said.
"I thoughtIlmew what
bravewas. They werejust
the calmest most pro-
fessional people I have a
new respect for f vemen."
That respect grew
when the family received
Christmas from the
fire department "She
thought Christmas was
over," McKinney said of
his four-yearold daugh-
ter Zoe.'But when she
got to see Santa, she sat
in his hap and hugged
hum. She has never done
that before and my wife
and I had been talldng
abouthowmuchwe
wished she would get
over that fear and sit in
his lap for a picture."
hyfivevolunteerfuede-
partments in the County.
At the end of May,
muntylmdersagreedto
givecounty's volunteer
firedepartments a 4g per-
cent raise in the upmm-
ingbudget butthere were
some strings attached.
InJune,countycom-
nrissioners unanimously
approved a resolution to
adopt the Person County
Hire Protection Service
District and large crowd
showeduptosupportit
Major storms in 2018
Person County saw its
share of wild weather
for2018f,omreccrd
temperatures to major
hurricanes that gar-
nered national attention.
In January, Roxboro
experienced a deep
freeze on the heels of a
snowstorm that dumped
an inch and a half of
snow.
According to Johna-
than Blass at the Nation-
al Weather Service in
Raleigh, the low tem-
perature recorded at the
Person County airport
was zero degrees and the
Cold spell approached
the longest period of
below -freezing tempera-
tures on record.
In December, Rox-
boro was hit by its fist
majorsnowstormof the
season.It lived up to its
unoffiral name, "Snow
Capital of the Triangle,"
weeks before Christmas
Residents aroundthe
county reported between
12 and 15 inches of
snowfall.
Toward the end of the
m school
SCHOOL StudRdenk mg within �RooxCommunity
Continued from Page One the schools' districts - Sc ool ManagingExD-'u-
Neighbors have started
a donationf ind for the
McKinney family at
Roxboro Savings Bank
Those wishing to support
the family can send their
checks, madepayabde to
the For Benefit of Randy
McKinneyfund Checks
can be sent to the bank at
313 S. Main St, Roxboro,
NC 27573.
McKinney, who has
lived in Roxboro for
about eight years, said
it's been hard to put
togetheranylong-term
plans in the wake of the
fire, but he said he and
his witbhope they can
rebuild
.We cant put a 1901
house back on that site,
but wehope to rebuild
summer, the remnants
of Hurricane Florence
hadamajorimpacton
Person County. The
storm caused heavy
rains and flooding that
shut down some roads
and strong wind gusts
and intermittent show-
ers that kept many
inside. However, Mother
Nature was not done
with Person County. Res-
idents hunkered down
for Hurricane Michael
which caused more wind
damage than Hooding.
Local elections
Local elections putfa-
mfliar faces on the county
board of commissioners.
Former commissioner
David Newell and mcum-
bentcommissionerKyle
Putyear were elected to
the board
Newellledallcandi-
dates withjust under
7,000votes
Loan for wasbeurater,
treatment plant
In March the Roxboro
city council approved the
tennsof a$nlinnflhon
loanfromtheUS.Deport-
ment of Agriculturethat
allowedthe cityto move
forwardwithanupgade
the the city's wastewater
treatment plant
Months laterthe city
council received approval
Hum theLocal Govern-
ment Commission to take
CONTRIBUTED PHOTO
Firefighters work to extinguish a Christmas
morning blaze that destroyed a home on Academy
Street
in a way that does honor to us. There really are
to that neighborhood good people here," McK-
They've all been so kind inney said.
omtheloan and move
forward with the races-
sary upgrades to the plant
in order to meet the new
state requirements for
the ammonialevels.That
work isnow underway.
PoVwriod chooses
Person
Polywood plans to
bring 384 new jobs to
Person County.
This was a mjor win
for Person County's
economic development
efforts.
The outdoor furniture
company plans to invest
$a5 million in the project
and state Incentives will
provide apprmdmately
M3 million to the com-
pany, over a period of 12
years. Thosejobs wa71
pay an average salary of
$43,008 a year.
Hospice sale
In January county
commissioners voted to
hheamosuitingfirmto
explore privatizing the
county's home health and
hospice services
Thevote came after the
commtssionersmetina
closed session.
Towardthe end of the
year, commissioners
unanimously approved
the sale of their home
health and hospice
service. They agreed to
accept a$200,000 offer
from Medical Services
of America. That figure
was well below what
consultants bad indicated
thecountycould earn by
selling the agencies.
Roundabout approved
Residentsioined school
system officials last
March in expressing their
disapprovalforapro-
posedtrnmdaboutatthe
intersection of LongAve-
nueand Morgan Sheet
Many were concerned
that it would create traffic
oongestionwhere there
ccmently is none
Residents believed that
sinnig stepscouldbe
have taken to slow drivers
through the area.
Roxboro city council
memberswent back to
thedrawing board, but
later adopted a modified
plan that will soon be
under construction.
400-home subdivision
approved in Roxboro
Roxboro's city Ibnits
expanded significantly
inthe summer when two
panels of land totaling to
2025 aca+es were annexed
onthe southend of town
Thewoodedparcels
are at the intersection of
Highway 501 and Bessie
Daniel Road
Rmrbom Partners, LLC
of Hillsloroughholds
the option to purchase
the property and plans to
developit

10/24/2019 Rock quarry not a good neighbor • Aggregate Research International
AGGREGATE ID
RESEARCH.COM
www.aggregateresearch.com - Latest industry news on Aggregates, Asphalt, Cement, Concrete and more.
Rock quarry not a good neighbor
24th March 2004
Rock quarry not a good neighbor BUTNER, NC — At first you feel the earth
trembling, and then comes the sound of an explosion. Quarry neighbors
say pictures shake on their walls. A war veteran reportedly has had
battlefield flashbacks. And virtually everyone blames the cracks in their
walls and foundation problems on the blasts that routinely shake the
ground. They fear expanding the quarry will only make it worse. Carolina
Sunrock Corp., which employs 145 people in Butner, has filed a special use
permit with the Granville County Planning Department to add 304 acres to
the 251-acre trap rock quarry it owns between B Street and Interstate 85.
But about 4o neighbors opposing the expansion attended a Granville
County Planning Board meeting last week and vowed to fight it, saying
their homes and quality of life are at stake. According to its Web site,
Carolina Sunrock Corp. is a family -owned company that started in western
New York and relocated to Butner in 1985. It also owns a quarry in Kittrell,
in Vance County, and a distribution center near Raleigh -Durham
International Airport that produces asphalt and concrete. The company
probably is Granville's eighth- or ninth -largest employer, said Leon
Turner, the county's economic development director. Last week, the seven -
member Planning Board tabled the petition, asking for more information
about the effects on the environment and a nearby natural gas line, as well
as state and federal mining regulations, senior planner Barry Baker said.
The petition will come back to the planning board for a possible
recommendation April 15, and will likely go before the Granville County
Commissioners in May, Baker said. Nearby residents were notified about
the plan only a couple of weeks before the meeting, said Lavern Marks,
who lives on Gate One Road about a mile from the quarry. Marks said that
nearly every room of her house has a crack in the wall. She has repaired
some of them over and over, she said, but expects them to show up as long
as Sunrock is operating nearby. "I tell you, I got tired of looking at cracks,
so I got some wallpaper so I couldn't see them," Marks said, adding that
https://www.aggregateresearch.com/news/rock-quarry-not a -good -neighbor/
1/2

10/24/2019 Rock quarry not a good neighbor • Aggregate Research Intemational
some cracks are visible even through the wallpaper. Marks, 72, has lived in
the three -bedroom house since 1977. She said it was built in 1952 using
double -brick walls and footings for each room. It was in fine shape until
the mid-198os, when Sunrock started blasting, she said. Marks blames an
especially powerful blast in July 1985 for cracking the living room wall
completely through to the outside. And continuous blasts caused more
cracks throughout the house, she said. In the mid-199os, she filed and won
a lawsuit against Sunrock, which paid at least $2,500 for damages to her
house, she said. But Sunrock blames existing soil conditions for the
neighbors' problems, Marks said. And although the blasts haven't been as
powerful as they were in the past, if Sunrock expands, Marks expects they
will become more frequent and powerful. "We just don't think it could be
done without damages," she said. Mike Beal, 41, who lives less than a mile
from the quarry on Riverview Trail, said the cracks began showing up in
his house a couple of years ago. At the time, Sunrock sent out engineers to
measure the blasts with a seismograph, Beal said, but they concluded the
blasts were within legal limits. Meanwhile, the chimney and garage walls of
the 8-year-old house have cracked, he said. If Sunrock were allowed to
expand, Beal said, the new tract would begin where his property line ends.
As it is now, every weekday around b a.m., he can hear trucks backing up
and being loaded at the quarry, he said. With the expansion, the trucks
might as well be in his yard, he said. Johnny Balmer, the human resources
director at Sunrock, referred all questions Tuesday to the company's
executive vice president, Ken Randolph. Randolph did not return calls for
comment Tuesday. BY CLAUDIA ASSIS : The Herald -Sun
(Visited 166 times,1 visits today)
https://www aggregateresearch.com/news/rock-quarry-not-a-good-neighbor/ 212

10/24/2019
3. The Environmental Impacts of Aggregate Extraction I Toronto Environmental Alliance
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Home > Gravel > 3. The Environmental Impacts of Aggregate Extraction
3. The Environmental Impacts of Aggregate Extraction
With the exception of those who work in the building trades, the closest most of us ever come to
"virgin" aggregate (that is, aggregate that comes straight from an aggregate mine and has not been
reclaimed from rubble or other debris) is at home building stores. While a bag of stones or gravel
may look fairly benign, the process of getting it to us is anything but benign. Aggregate is mined
from the earth, either dug out of pits or blasted out of quarries. This process has many significant
environmental impacts.[U
Creating the pits or quarries requires the removal of virtually all natural vegetation, top soil and
subsoil to reach the aggregate underneath. Not only does this lead to a loss of existing animal
wildlife, it also leads to a huge loss of biodiversity as plants and aquatic habitats are destroyed.
Moreover, adjacent eco-systems are affected by noise, dust, pollution and contaminated water.
Pits and quarries disrupt the existing movement of surface water and groundwater; they interrupt
natural water recharge and can lead to reduced quantity and quality of drinking water for residents
and wildlife near or downstream from a quarry site.
Most old pits and quarries are not being properly rehabilitated. As noted in one study "less than half
of the land disturbed for aggregate production between 1992 and 2001 has actually been
rehabilitated."[221 The province classifies pits and quarries as "interim uses of the land" and requires
100% rehabilitation of pits and quarries. Clearly this requirement is not being met. Destroyed
ecosystems and source water aquifers are irreplaceable. This is not an interim land use. The
https://www.torontoonvironment.org/graveUmpacts 113

10/2412019 3. The Environmental Impacts of Aggregate Extraction I Toronto Environmental Alliance
landscape is blotted with destructive pits and
quarries, and species of all kinds endure
permanent negative impacts.
A more detailed picture of the environmental
impact of aggregate mining is outlined in a
2005 legal challenge to the expansion of an
existing quarry in the Niagara Escarpment. The
report focuses on the following potential
environmental impacts: W
• Potential impairment of water quality on
the site, including harm to the aquifer
• The water quality of residential wells close
by could be harmed
• The water level of on -site lakes could be reduced, detrimentally affecting provincially specific
wetlands
• Heightened summer water temperature in an on -site lake could have a detrimental impact on
the
viability of cold water fish in an adjacent stream
Potential harm to on -site and off -site wetlands
• Loss of habitat for the Jefferson Salamander, which is designated as threatened under the
federal Species at Risk Act
• Potential loss and fragmentation of continuous natural environment
Of course, each pit or quarry has unique characteristics and impacts, but every pit or quarry will
degrade the natural environment. For pits or quarries situated on lands designated as ecologically
significant, this degradation has an even greater adverse impact.
For communities, the displacement of water resources is one of the biggest concerns pits and
quarries pose. However, there are many other concerns. Beyond the physical changes to the
landscape, the daily barrage of noise, dust and exhaust produced by hundreds of dump trucks
hauling aggregate can have serious effects on the health of people living nearby.
[I ]Winfield, M and A. Taylor. Rebalancing the Load: The need for an aggregates conservation
strategy for Ontario, 2005. The
Pembina Institute, pgs 8-9.
[2] Winfield and Taylor, 2005 pg 10.
[3]Castrilli, J. Application to the Lieutenant Governor in Council regarding Dufferin Aggregates
application to expand their Milton Quarry prepared for Coalition on the Niagara Escarpment
(CONE) and Protect Our Water and Environmental Resources (POWER). 2005.
https:llwww.torontoenvironment.org/gravaUimpacts 213

10/24/2019 3. The Environmental Impacts of Aggregate Extraction I Toronto Environmental Alliance
• 22. Aggregate Use in Ontario and the Greater Toronto Area (GTA)gp4, Where our °Virgin"
Aggregate Comes From >
Dig Conservation, Not Holes
• 1. Dig Conservation, Not Holes
• 2 Aggregate Use in Ontario and the Greater Toronto Area (GTA)
• 3. The Environmental Im acts of Aggrggate Extraction
• 4. Where our °Virgin"Aggregate Comes From
• 5. The Current Path: More Greenbelt Destruction
• 6. Map: Torontds Big Pit
• 7. Map: Giant Quarry Needed for GTA Demand
• 8. Preserving the Greenbelt by Practicing the 3Rs
• 9. What GTA Municipalities Can Do
• Appendix: How We Arrived at Our Numbers
Home I Donate I Contact
© 2008 Toronto Environmental Alliance
https://www.torontoenvironment.org/gravel/impacts 3/3

OA
Remarks to DEQ hearing
My name is Mark Zimmerman and I live at 732 Solomon Road. I am going to comment on
surface water, relevant to your criteria numbers (2) and (3).
When I read in Sunrock's application that "the discharge ofstormwaterand process water is
anticipated into waters of the State" and that a NPDES NCG02 application will be submitted at a
later date, I was going to ask how you could issue a permit before reviewing that application.
Then I realized that simply the need for the application should be disqualifying in and of itself.
DEQ has classified this area surrounding South Hyco Creek as Class WS-Il, HQW waters. Your
Water Supply Watershed Protection Fact Sheet clearly states that "neither any new domestic
nor industrial treated wastewater discharge is permitted in this classification." Sunrock is
planning to do both. It's admission they will be discharging waste water should be dispositive.
That alone gives you ground to deny the permit. But there are other water concerns.
There are three tributaries forming the headwaters of Roxboro Lake that transverse the quarry
property. According to Sunrock's maps, one unnamed tributary originates on the property site.
That means a spring generates the stream. Springs are fed by the underground aquifer. What
impact will the quarry drawing down the water table have on this spring? What impact will
blasting have on the geology that forms the spring? There is no testing that can be done for
these scenarios. Studies (I've included citations* with my written remarks) have shown that
quarry operations have diverted springs into the pit and caused nearby springs to run dry by
lowering the groundwater supply. If this spring runs dry, we will lose a water source for Roxboro
Lake. We will also lose all the aquatic life in the stream.
Worse case scenario is what happened in a Georgia quarry, which experienced a "blowout" that
diverted a large stream into the pit, rapidly filling it. Suffice it to say that this quarry is too close to
too many important feed streams to run these risks.
Ironically, while Sunrock will be discharging wastewater into all the streams, it's stormwater
management system will be impeding the current natural flow of water the streams receive. So
pervasive is the Sunrock disturbance of this land that they are planning 39 water retention
ponds ringing all the streams. Add deprivation of natural water flow to the issues the stream and
stream life will have to deal with, along with the lake downstream.
Sunrock's quarry couldn't have been more poorly sited. It's in an area that arguably should be
receiving heightened protections to its watershed. Instead, this quarry exposes it to substantial
new risk. When Sunrock's land agent presented this parcel for a quarry, this "environmentally
responsible" company should have said "find another site." They didn't. So, now it's up to you.
Please tell Sunrock to "find another site." Thank you.
*wcwrpc.org > Hydrauliclmoacts DNRreoort

https://webcache.googieusercontent. com/search?q=cache:v2oUJ BN uG j MJ: https://citizensagain
stmining.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/Quarry-Effects--by-Leggette-Brashears-and-Graham.p
df+&cd=1 &hl=en&ct=cink&gl=us&client=firefox-b-1 A

Water Supply Watershed Protection Factsheet
Allowed and Not Allowed Uses
Water Supply Watershed Classification'
Activity
WS-
WS-II
WS-III
WS-III
WS-IV
WS-IV
WS-V
WS-I
II CA
BW
CA
BW
CA
PA
New permitted residual land
No
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
application
New permitted petroleum
No
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
contaminated soils sites
New landfills
No
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
General Permit discharges
pursuant to 15A NCAC 02H
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
.0127
Recycle (closed loop) systems
only discharge in response to
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
10 ear storm event
Stormwater discharges
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
New domestic treated
No
No
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
wastewater discharge
New industrial treated
No
No
No
No
No
Yes (a)
Yes
Yes
wastewater discharge
Non -process industrial waste
No
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Sewa a
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
Yes )b)
Industrial wastes
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
Yes (b)
Other wastes
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
Yes (b)
Groundwater remediation
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
project discharges W
Agriculture (d)
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Siliviculture M
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Residential development co
No (h)
Yes
Yes
I Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Non-residential development
No (h)
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
OM
Notes
(a) required to meet provisions in 15A NCAC 02B .0224 and .0203
(b) not allowed if activity(ies) has/have adverse impact on human health
W where no other practical alternative exists
(d) subject to Food Security Act of 1985 and Food, Agriculture, Conservation and Trade Act of 1990
(e) subject to Forest Practice Guidelines Related to Water Quality (02 NCAC 60C .0100 to .0209) Effective 4/1/2018
m see density requirements in 15A NCAC 02B .0624
(9) see different allowed and not allowed activities in this table
(h) see following WS-I note
' Water Supply Classification
WS-I Watershed shall remain undeveloped except for the following uses when they cannot be avoided: power
transmission lines, restricted access roads, and structures associated with water withdrawal, treatment,
and distribution of the WS-1 water. Built -upon area shall be designed and located to minimize stormwater
runoff impact to receiving waters.
WS-II CA Water Supply H Critical Area
WS-II BW Water Supply II Balance of Watershed
WS-III CA Water Supply III Critical Area
WS-III BW Water Supply III Balance of Watershed
WS-IV CA Water Supply IV Critical Area
WS-IV BW Water Supply IV Balance of Watershed

zwrtsuwn 6)fv ,-1rm r-�tS4

My name. is Susan Hester and this is my brother Calvin Hester. Our family owns
about 70 acres that adjoins the south-east border of the proposed Quarry site. Our
4nily has owned this Land through several generations. It is a beautiful wooded
area with a few fields that we rent for farming and hunting. We oppose the building
of the quarry because we are concerned that the proposed Quarry will affect the
water table in this area and are also worried about noise and particulate pollution,
South Hyco creek runs thru the center of our land and feeds into Roxboro Lake. We
are worried that any pollution of the creek will hurt us.. our friends and neighbors
on Roxboro Lake_ and in the town of Roxboro,,which_uses the lake water -for --
drinking. - _ - -- -
Susan Hester
610 Newton Pleasant Loop Rd.
Hurdle Mills, NC 27541
Calvin Hester
4424 Hesters Store Rd.
Hurdle Mills, NC 27541

My name is William Sharpe, I have worked in the on highway / off highway
engine and transmission market for 43 years.
I started as a technician. Then shop foreman, spent time in sales,
VP of Operations and Training and Inducted into NADC Hall Fame.
In my 43 year career, I have learned that trucks and equipment leak fluids.
Most components on trucks and equipment have vents that can release
pressure and fluid to the atmosphere.
90% of the trucks and equipment we work on have leaks. 50% continue to
leak even after they leave our shop due to warranty or customers want
spend money to correct the issue. These fluids are Engine and Gear oil,
Antifreeze, Hydraulic, power steering, and Transmission Fluids.
These fluids contain wear metals.
I don't think you want these in your drinking water.
Leaks are so common in this industry that warranty managers have to
identify, if it's a leak or is it a seep. Sometimes pictures and video are
required before a warranty claim can be paid.
The biggest problem in the trucking industry today is the shortage of skilled
technicians and truck drivers.
Maintenance technicians who take care of the equipment in a quarry,
receive little to no training on the equipment. They can't attend classes
because they are not a distributor or dealer.
Electronic computer control systems for engines and transmissions were
introduced in the 80's. Technicians, drivers and managers rely on the
electronics to warn them about problems. This works fine if you are in the
middle of nowhere, but doesn't work if you are located upstream from Lake
Roxboro. The lake is used for drinking water. An example is a coolant
level sensor, they are located below the normal operating levels and you
have to leak out several gallons before a leak is sensed. Even then, it's up
to the driver to take action about the code or light. If the truck will move,
they usually continue their shift, even leaking antifreeze.

Hundreds of trucks coming on site daily to pick up product will have more of
the same leaks and poor maintenance. These are older trucks that don't
meet the latest emissions.
There is no emission testing for on/off highway diesel engines.
These trucks picking up product will be traveling on narrow, winding, 2 lane
highways.
Some surveys, including ours, show as many as 30% of the trucks traveling
highways have Antilock Brake System lights on. This puts farmers on
tractors and school buses picking up children at a high risk. Imagine a
dump truck loaded with 80,000 pounds, traveling 55 mph that can't stop.
Last year a logging truck ran thru a school classroom at Lamb's Chapel in
Haw River due to brake failure.
Quarry blasting will crack brick, mortar joints and foundations.
My parent's home was damaged from runway expansion in Burlington.
Quarry workers may be protected for silica and dust
but what about children at playing and farm workers.
Some of the best fishing and abundant wildlife surround the proposed site,
including a family of eagles.
Please don't allow this community and environment to be destroyed.

I
spy k� i l�
At what price will we sell growth in Caswell County?
Having a home in Caswell County currently means having a good place to live with
clean water in your well and nearby waterways, pleasant country roads, nice neighbors
and lots of wildlife in the area. It is pleasant to drive through, bicycle around or to simply
go for a walk. Our towns are pleasant and walkable.
Sure, we are blessed with many abundances and we enjoy them by living here.
Yancyville is a town with a lot of history and the potential for growth... economically with
new businesses and with more people moving here. We have seen other towns of
similar size and history nearby grow with various degrees of success.
So, what will we do?
We could allow any store or commercial enterprise to open on the roads into town and
call that strip development economic growth.
We could build a prison or jail in town and note the new jobs this may bring to our
residents.
We could allow a rock quarry to come in to mine the very bedrock of our community and
call it progress.
Or we could join together and resist these easiest and quickest means of bringing more
money into our community. They have a very real potential of changing the very things
that make us attractive to new residents... is it worth gaining some tax money for 25-30
jobs that may not even go to our current residents? Isn't this the lowest common
denominator of selling what we have in Caswell County? Come and blast out our rock
and haul it away? Deliver it in huge trucks that lumber along our country roads? Add
chemicals to our land?
This is a good example, in my opinion, of "selling out"... allowing an outside company to
come in, dig large holes in our county and take our natural resources. We will be left
with a mess and wondering where the payback, along with our clean water and pleasant
country roads, went. By then it will be too late.
Let's hold out for higher quality development. That growth may take longer, but we will
retain what makes us special and not sell out to the first taker who wants our minerals at
the lowest cost ... make no mistake. A quarry is designed to mine rock at the lowest cost.
My wife and I grew up with a rock quarry` in our small town and it is now just a big hole
in the ground where rock falls make it an unsafe place to visit.
Is that what we want? Please tell our representatives they will have to find better means
to grow. Thank you.
Skip and Karen Anderson, 1827 Wilson Rd., Hurdle Mills, NC 27541 `Norwich, NY

RISK VS. REWARD
My name is Sharon Williams. My husband Ed and I live at 396
John Russell Road in Prospect Hill. Caswell County has been
our home for the last 18 years.
Nothing you hear tonight should surprise you. It should
impress you! County residents have spent countless hours and
their own money researching the serious and damaging
environmental RISKs related to public health, air, and water
quality.
Local residents, who all depend upon wells for their water
supply, are at RISK. Blasting, excavating, and pumping
operations disturb the underground water flow and could either
deplete or contaminate it.
Local residents are at RISK for air pollution. Dust and airborne
pollutants have the potential for serious respiratory illness.
Local residents are at RISK for damage to the foundations of
their homes.
It's clear the residents of Caswell County are assuming ALL the
RISKs while Sunrock reaps ALL the rewards!
You have the financial and technological resources at your
disposal to protect our environment. Your final decision on the
application should consider all of these RISKS to the
environment. In a county with no zoning, our commissioners'
hands are tied. You have the legislative authority and the
responsibility to protect environmental quality in Caswell
County.
"IT'S NOT TOO LATE!"

Spin.
Statement of Concern to DEQ
Re: Proposed Carolina Sunrock Prospect Hill Quarry and Distribution Center
November 4, 2019
My family and I farm vegetables, small fruits and herbs on Allison Road, a couple miles from
the proposed quarry. Our livelihood depends on dependable clean water from our wells. I have
spoken with our neighbor, Ronnie Lunsford, who grows strawberries on Ridgeville Road,
practically within sight of the proposed quarry. We share some of the same concerns, and so I
speak on behalf of my family and Ronnie and his family and numerous other farmers in the area
who are dependent on well water for some part of their crop and livestock production.
I speak to you this evening as a farmer, a cancer survivor, and a grandfather. My concerns about
this proposed project have to do with the potential impact on both the quantity and quality of the
groundwater that everybody in the neighborhood depends on for both personal and agricultural
use, and also the health impacts of known toxic pollution from the proposed asphalt plant.
The amount of water that would be removed from our underlying ground water is a serious
concern. I have read the Hydrogeological Study Report done for Sunrock by Piedmont Geologic.
According to this report, in pump tests at both 300 foot deep test wells, pumping was terminated
before the expected 48 hours because water levels in all 6 observation wells had fallen too far
and too fast to continue the test. According to this report, Sunrock would expect, by the time the
quarry is 500 feet deep, to be pumping out 2000 gallons of ground water per minute to keep the
quarry from flooding. (To put that in perspective, that works out to about 3 million gallons per
day or over a billion gallons per year.) And yet, the report concludes that wells beyond a 1300
foot radius would not be adversely effected.
According to a web posting by NCDENR, now the DEQ, "In the Piedmont and Blue Ridge
Provinces of North Carolina, two major aquifer systems exist, and usually interact with one
another. http://geodata.lib.ncsu.edu/stategov/gws/2010/Aguifer%20Characteristics.htm
I interpret this to mean that all the cracks in the underlying rock that hold the water that supplies
our wells are connected from the Piedmont to the Mountains, so it is inconceivable to me that
pumping 2000 gallons a minute out of the quarry would not affect wells beyond a 1300 ft radius
of the quarry.
Furthermore, according to the USGS. "Connection of bedrock fractures with the
settings....... High pumping rates can induce large vertical gradients
between the bedrock and overlying regolith and thus accelerate
rates of contaminant
movement. " https:Hnc.water.usgs.gov/reports/abstracts/Cha0lCon.html
In plain English, this means that the more and faster our groundwater is pumped out, the greater
the likelihood that not only will we lose the quantity of water in our wells, but that they are also
more likely to become contaminated by surface water.
I have not seen anywhere in the permit application, nor in the HydroGeological Study Report any
guarantee that our water supply will be protected, nor a plan of what would be done if it is
not. This concern seems to me to be ample reason to deny the permit under article 2 of the Denial
Criteria.

As a cancer survivor and a grandfather, I am also concerned by the toxic pollutants that would be
emitted from the proposed asphalt plant. According to the DEQ, there are 97 known Toxic Air
Pollutants, many of which are known cancer causing agents, that are spewed into the air by
asphalt plants. I have had cancer once and I don't care to have it again. I do not wish to see my 2
young grandchildren who live just down the road, nor any other members of the community
exposed to such poisons. Given the fickle nature of the wind, everybody for miles around is at
risk of breathing these toxins. We do not deserve this. For the health and well being of our
community, please deny this permit application. Given what you know about the risks to water
and air posed by this proposed project, would you allow this mine and asphalt plant to be
constructed in your community?
Respectfully submitted by:
Kenneth R Dawson
4A t. 2
Manager, Maple Spring Gardens, LLC
9812 Allison Road
Cedar Grove, NC 27231

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November 4, 2019
j
awff onored d FneFnbe , thank you for this
opportunity to speak and share concerns. My name is Bert Lea, and I hope to plant a seed to prevent
future issues. 4 *l �`�CO, -I6.111-�S At-,,p
Looking over Sunrock's application submitted, it appears flawless. �All ffequirements ar%wol: It
addresses a Stormwater Permit, Air Quality Permit, E&SC Permit, and future NPDES Permit. These are
required to establish the means to govern and control the company to protect all our natural resources.
Now this General NCG02 Permit, granted by DEMLR, is just that, General. But as long as the standards
and benchmarks are met as defined in the General Permit, life is good, right? But consider, over time,
processes have problems, mechanical means fail, exceedances are likely. What then? The environment
.siitstarts accumulating these failures. And over time, well, resources suffer, especially downstream
areas. For example, let's consider just one of the permits, the Stormwater Permit. The Stormwater
Permit is written to monitor stormwater runoff from the facility where it has been in contact with the
processes of operation at designated outfalls that exit the boundaries of the facility. The permit has
benchmark values to meet such as TSS, Total Suspended Solids. Benchmark values not met come with
no financial burdens to the company. For example, if, say, the TSS benchmark was exceeded during a
sampling period, then this first time occurrence, according the General Permit, would only require the
company to investigate and report back to the State as to why this occurred and how it has been
addressed to prevent in the future. This action meets the Tier I requirement of the permit, and sampling
is not required again for 6 months. Now 6 months later, a sample taken from this same outfall exceeds
the TSS again, what happens. The company is now under a Tier II action, which again is no financial
burden to the company, only more explanation to the State with proof some action has taken place to
prevent reoccurrence, and more frequent sampling, every 3 months and not 6. If a reoccurrence
happens a third time, the company falls into a Tier III level, and the State will more than likely step in
and impose more stringent steps, and sampling becomes at least monthly. My point is the SlO
accumulation of detriment to the environment, again especially downstream of the process. And we all
know what is downstream, a WS II Class B High Quality Water shed; a very significant supply pf drinking
water Kam\
Thank you for allowing me this time to have a voice. My hope is your consideration to prevent future
battles, and your evaluation of how well Sunrock has honored and met their permits at other locations.
Progress is a great thing, but not at the expense of our environment.
�LL

HEALTH CONCERNS DUE TO AIRBORNE POLLUTANTS FROM ASPHALT PLANTS
My husband and I live at 1540 NC Highway 49 N which is the first house on the right past Wrenn Road
heading toward Roxboro. Carolina SunRock LLC has begun construction of their asphalt plant right
around the corner of Wrenn and NC 49. Our house and the plant are less than X mile apart separated
by a tobacco field and a small stand of trees. The land buffers are in place and some of what appears to
be their rusty storage equipment is also there. During the day when they are working, we can hear the
beeping and roar of heavy equipment and trucks. Along with this noise pollution there are many other
pollutants which this plant will add into the air as they load the asphalt into the trucks to be hauled from
the plant site, including VOC's (volatile organic compounds, PAH's (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,
and very minute condensed particulates [EPA].
Asphalt plants mix gravel and sand with crude oil derivatives to make the asphalt used to pave roads,
highways, and parking lots. Millions of pounds of chemicals are released into the air during production
each year. The chemicals include many cancer -causing toxic pollutants such as arsenic, benzene,
formaldehyde and cadmium.
The following facts are an excerpt from the "Asphalt Plant Pollution" publication from the Be Safe
platform of the Center for Health, Environment & Justice: Falls Church, VA
The Federal EPA states, "Asphalt processing facilities are major sources of hazardous air
pollutants such as formaldehyde, hexane, phenol, polycyclic organic matter, and toluene.
Exposure to these air toxics may cause cancer, central nervous system problems, liver damage,
respiratory problems and skin irritation. Animal studies show PAHs affect reproduction, cause
birth defects and are harmful to the immune system. [NJDHSS] The US Department of Health
and Human Services has determined that PAHs may be carcinogenic to humans [DHHS]
The Blue Ridge Environmental Defense League, a regional environmental organization, has done
two studies on the adverse impacts on property values and health for residents living near
asphalt plants. A property value study documented losses of up to 56% because of the presence
of a nearby asphalt plant. In another study nearly half of the residents reported negative
impacts on their health from a new asphalt plant. The door-to-door survey found 45% of
residents living within a half mile of a plant reported a deterioration of their health, which began
after the plant opened. The most frequent problems cited were high blood pressure, sinus
problems, headaches, and shortness of breath.
In addition, large amounts of harmful "fugitive emissions" are released as the asphalt is moved
around in trucks and conveyor belts, and is stored in stockpiles. A small asphalt plant producing
100 thousand tons of asphalt a year may release up to 50 tons of toxic fugitive emissions into

the air. [Dr. R. Nadkarni] Stagnant air and local weather patterns often increase the level of
exposure to local communities. Most asphalt plants are not even tested to toxic emissions. The
amount of these pollutants that are released from a facility are estimated by computers and
mathematical formulas rather than by actual stack testing, estimates that experts agree do not
accurately predict the amount of toxic fugitive emissions released and the risks they pose.
According to Dr. Luanne Williams, a North Carolina state toxicologist, 40% of the toxins from
asphalt smokestacks even meet air quality standards —and for the other 60%of these emissions,
the state lacks sufficient data to determine safe levels.
IF this plant meets all state and federal air pollution standards those of us living nearby will still
be exposed to the cancer -causing substances that can cause longterm anguish. Federal
regulations based on "acceptable risk' and self-regulating honor systems do not make me very
comfortable having this plant in our neighborhood.
Thank you for your time and I plead that you deny permit to Carolina SunRock for this quarry
and subsequent asphalt plant.
Prepared by: Belinda K Layne, Resident Prospect Hill, Caswell County, North Carolina
BE SAFE is coordinated by the Center for Health, Environment & Justice, PO Box 6806, Falls
Church, VA22040
US EPA Office of Air Quality Planning & Standards, AP-42, Fifth Edition, Volume 1, Chapter 11:
Mineral Products Industry http://www.eva.gov/ttn/`­chief/ap42Lchil/flnal/­cllsol.pdf
Final Rule to Reduce Toxic Air Emissions From Asphalt Processing & Asphalt Roofing
Manufacturing Facilities, Environmental Protection Agency, June 2000 [EPA]
Hazard Substance Fad Sheet, Asphalt Fumes. New Jersey Department of Health and Senior
Services, January 2001 [NJDHSS]. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR).
1995
Toxicological Profile for Polycyclic Aromiatic Hydrocarbons (PAH's). Atlanta, GA: US Department
of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service [DHHS].
Blue Ridge Environmental Defense League Asphalt Health Survey, [BREDL].
Dr. R. Nadkarni developed mass balance equation to estimate total fugitive emissions and his
comments to the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality are at
www.bredl.orglpdf/DEQ072503.rdf. [Dr. R. Nadkarni).

I am Timothy Layne and I live at 1540 NC Highway 49N.
My wife's presentation included that a door-to-door
study conducted by the Blue Ridge Environmental League
has shown that nearly half of the. residents reported a
negative impact on their health from a new asphalt plant.
The survey found 45% of residents living within a half mile
of a plant reported a deterioration of their health, which
began after the plant opened. The most frequent
problems cited were high blood pressure, sinus problems,
headaches, and shortness of breath.
In our neighborhood there are 12 homes that fall into the
half mile radius of Carolina SunRock's proposed asphalt
plant on Wrenn Road. (See attached Google Maps of
distances between residences and the asphalt plant) .The
Piedmont Health Clinic on Main Street, Prospect Hill, NC is
just a mile from there.
We moved to North Carolina 7 years ago hoping to
eventually retire and enjoy the beautiful quiet setting of
Caswell County. A quarry/asphalt plant in this
neighborhood does not fit into that plan.

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I- I SP94W 44:31 0
Graham Zimmerman
4. That the operation will constitute a direct and substantial physical hazard to public
health and safety or to a neighboring dwelling house, school, church, hospital, commercial
or industrial building, public road or other public property, excluding matters relating to
use of a public road;
50 miles from here is Butner quarry. Unfortunately, residents just like you, have felt its
impact for decades. Lavern Marks lived a mile away from the quarry. Nearly every room
in her 50-year-old double brick home had cracks in the walls from the blasting. One blast
was so powerful that it sent a crack down her entire living room wall, sheer through to the
outside of her home. So, Vern, as her grandchildren and greatgrandchildren would call
her, filed a lawsuit. The company fought back, arguing that she had poor soil. If only
your property was in better condition, they said, this wouldn't be a problem.
Another resident, Mike Beal, lived less than a mile from that same quarry. Cracks
showed up in his walls, in the chimney, in his garage. His home was less than a decade
old. He complained, so the quarry brought in engineers and measured the blasting. They
told him they were within legal limits. Not their fault. If only your property was in better
condition, Mike, this wouldn't be a problem.
Sunrock is the reason for us here tonight and Sunrock, as it turns out, is also the company
that owns Butner quarry.
Scott Martino, Sunrock's Manager of Environmental Compliance, says the company
operates under the simple core value of Do the Right Thing. According to him, this core
value shows the company's commitment to the safety of the residents in which it works.
Sometimes, it turns out, doing the right thing is easier said than done.
Why else would Sunrock have told Vern and Mike that their homes' cracks were their
problems? If they lived by their core value of Do The Right Thing, why else, in 2004,
would Sunrock have then filed for a permit to expand that very quarry by 300 acres, right
up to Mike Beal's property line?
Well, Carolina Sunrock doesn't actually have one simple core value. They have four.
Excellence through integrity, execution, and innovation. Opportunityfor all team
members. Do the right thing. And finally, perhaps less poetic than the rest, The Market is
Boss.
Regulations — for the noise, for the impact on our watershed and the water we drink, for
our roads and homes and churches and community — can only do so much.

They won't prevent direct and substantial physical hazards to this community's safety or
to the homes and churches that have lined Ridgeville road for over a hundred years.
And as we now know, we can't hope that Sunrock will choose to Do the Right Thing
when deciding how to respond to this community when, not if, these impacts come. In
fact, history shows that they won't.
1 1= is
Efen wMi Sunrock aiffing here tonight, listening to us remind them that their words are as
hollow as the earth they leave behind, we already know which value they will choose.
The late Pope John Paul II reminds us that "the earth will not continue to offer its harvest,
except with faithful stewardship. We cannot say we love the land and then take steps to
destroy it..."
To the Department of Environmental Quality: you are the stewards of our state. We ask
that you make the right choice.
Rock Quarry Not a Good Neighbor — March 24 2004
https://www.aggregateresea rch.com/news/rock-gua rry-not-a-good-neighbor/
Lavern Coley Marks Obituary — September 23 2018
https://hudsonfuneralhome.com/obituary/lavern-marks/
Carolina Sunrock addresses rock quarry concerns — October 10 2019
http://www.caswellmessenger.com/news/article 7a67ee12-eb8c-1le9-8404-6f4870f01427.html
Carolina Sunrock Core Values https://www.thesunrockgroup.com/about-us/core-values/

3a ;> e
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Good evening, my name is Mark Chandler and I live on Lake Roxboro at 133 Lake View Rd.,
Prospect Hill.
I am a licensed professional Geologist in WA and VA with Graduate studies in hydrogeology
from the University of Montana, Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology, and Wright State
University.
A colleague of mine, John Dustman from Summit Envirosolutions, and I have reviewed the
Hydrogeological Study and related data prepared for Carolina Sunrock LLC by Piedmont
Geologic (Piedmont) dated August 24, 2019. There are several observations and
inconsistencies in the data which cause us to have questions and significant concerns regarding
the results and conclusions of this study.
Page 5 of the Hydrogeological Study, it states that "Groundwater at the site appears to occur
within the overburden and underlying bedrock in unconfined conditions". The data and
observations submitted do not support this statement. For example:
• The observations during drilling and the rapid response to pumping at the observation
wells both indicate confined conditions.
• Although the barometric pressure was not recorded during the test, however, longer
term groundwater level monitoring along with barometric pressure would a likely
indicate that the groundwater present in the fractures of the diorite bedrock occurs
under confined conditions.
This invalidates the assumptions used by the Neuman (1974) and Theis (1935) solutions as
presented in Appendices C-1 and C-2 and has a corresponding domino effect of invalidating the
estimates of hydraulic conductivity, distance drawdown and the selected model for "Steady
groundwater flows into open excavations" (S.S. Papadopulos & Associates 2014).
We believe the company should also answer these questions regarding the study:
• What is the interpretation of why there was more drawdown observed at Observation
Well (OW)1-1 and OW1-2 than at OWl-3, which is located substantially closer to the
pumping well? Would this be normal or invalidate the underlying assumptions used in
the analysis (Neuman and Theis both assume aquifers that are homogenous, uniform
thickness, and infinite areal extent)?

• What is the interpretation of the increased slope in drawdown after approximately 5
hours of pumping observed at OW1-2? Is this normal for an aquifer that does not exhibit
a delayed gravity response which is an underlying assumption for the Theis solution?
• What is the explanation for barometric pressure not being reported for the pumping
test?
The Hydrogeological Study also states, "An aquifer thickness of 270-feet was assumed for Area
2 wells..." and "An aquifer thickness of 273-feet was assumed for Area 1, based on the
approximate maximum saturated thickness..." on pages 12 and 13 respectively. The boring
logs from the drilling of the pumping and observation wells do not support this groundwater
system as having a uniformly saturated thickness. For example, the log for OW1-3 indicates
that at 162 feet, "No significant water bearing fractures encountered yet". The remainder of
the log for this well indicates, "Same as above" for the remainder of the 300 foot depth. OW2-
3 indicates "very solid rock" at 102 feet to 122 feet. The log indicates "Same as above" until
250 feet where a "water bearing fracture" was eventually encountered. Additionally, on page 5
the report states, "Groundwater in the underlying bedrock occurs along zones of secondary
porosity, such as fractures, foliations, solution voids, etc." Therefore, using 270 and 273 feet of
saturated thickness is an obvious misrepresentation of the groundwater system.
Groundwater and surface water are hydraulically connected. Sugartree Creek, which is
classified as a Water Supply II, High Quality Water, flows through the proposed quarry property.
This creek is a tributary of Lake Roxboro, also classified as a Water Supply II, High Quality
Water, and is a secondary source of drinking water for the City of Roxboro. According to maps
submitted as a part of the permit application, proposed Quarry Pit B will be a little over 100
feet away from Sugartree Creek. What will be the effect of blasting and dewatering on
Sugartree Creek?
A USGS literature review publication notes that engineering activities associated with
quarrying can directly change the course of surface water. Ground water being pumped
from quarries diverts ground water away from streams and changes streams from
gaining streams which are replenished with groundwater, to loosing streams which
become depleted. Additionally, dewatering can drain nearby surface water features
such as ponds and wetlands. Similarly, blasting can modify ground -water flow, which
ultimately can modify surface water flow. (Langer, 2001)

\fl -C , C-,,
Another concern is in regard to the laboratory analysis of a groundwater sample collected from
Pumping Well 2. Mercury was detected at a concentration of 0.461ug/L (micrograms per liter).
This level is above the North Carolina surface water quality standard of 0.012ug/L. This
concentration was flagged by the laboratory as having potential cross -contamination associated
with the laboratory blank. A second sample was not collected and resubmitted for analysis.
Why not? Additionally, why were surface water quality standards applied to a groundwater
sample? And, given the granitic nature of the bedrock and the proximity of the proposed
quarry to WS-II, HQW and a secondary reservoir, why wasn't testing for radionuclides
conducted?
There is no municipal water supply for area residents and all water must be obtained from
private water supply wells. The Conclusions/Discussion section of the Hydrogeological Study
Report states, ".. the drawdown would likely be greater in magnitude and aerial extent than
that observed during the pumping tests, due to sustained and prolonged dewatering of the
quarrying pits that would be typical of quarrying operations. As such, the quarry dewatering
process could potentially impact offsite private WSWs located within the estimated zone of
hydraulic influence through localized drawdown of the aquifer (which could result in reduced
groundwater production rates for the WSWs)."
Questions:
1. What would the estimated radius of influence be if calculations based on a confined
aquifer, as the submitted data suggests the aquifer is, were used?
2. What would the estimated radius of influence be if the modeling did not erroneously
assume a 270 foot saturated thickness of the bedrock?
From the USDA Technical Guide to Managing Groundwater Resources: "Effective
management of water resources in a fractured -rock hydrogeological setting must be based
on a sound conceptual understanding of the ground water flow system(s) that occur in the
area to be managed. Because of the heterogeneous and anisotropic nature of fractured -
rock settings, it has proven difficult to manage water resources in these settings. In
fractured -rock settings sustainable development is greatly complicated by uncertainties
about actual watershed dimensions and annual water budgets in associated aquifer
systems."

The actual radius of influence of quarry dewatering is not known due to the issues and
inconsistencies in the Hydrogeological Study Report as it is submitted. Fractured -rock aquifers
are complex and difficult to manage.
Recommendations:
1. A fracture study of the bedrock to determine void and block thickness should be
conducted.
2. A sustained pumping test at the designated pumping rate for dewatering the quarry
over a period of 2 weeks or a month should be conducted with concurrent stream
gauging in Sugartree Creek.
3. Collection and additional analysis of ground water samples should be conducted.
For the protection of the groundwater supply for the families that rely on private water supply
wells, and for the protection of Sugartree Creek and Lake Roxboro, both classified as Water
Supply II, High Quality Waters, we ask that you act to deny the mining permit for this proposed
quarry.

3 S 11/04/2019
DEQ Meeting re Quarry (Nov 4. 2019j
haw -
I am Lynn Kyles Pendergraft. My husband, Franklin O. Pendergraft and Ilived
on Wrenn Road since 1994. We are chicken farmers and have been since
December of 1996. We have two 500 foot houses. Our contract is for hatching
eggs and our contract is with Allen/Harim out of Liberty, NC. Our chicken
houses are within a mile of the Quarry Site. We are very concerned about a lot
of factors regarding a possible Quarry but our biggest fear is the effect it will
have on our Chicken Houses.
Concern One: Water & Our Wells
There are six wells on our property. We are concerned about the water quality
and quantity of all six. Our livelihood is EGGS. We have two 500 foot poultry
houses with over 13,000 layers in each house. At the peak of the flock we can
get as many as 10,000 eggs per day in each house. A chicken egg is 98%
water. Without plenty of water our chickens cannot survive. We fear for the
quantity and quality of our water. We have 3 wells to furnish our chicken houses
and all three are in the one mile circle on the quarry map. Our chickens drink
between 2500 to 3500 gallons of water per day. If our wells run dry and our
chickens have no water we lose our chickens and the contract for hatching
eggs. Our contract specifies that we maintain 25 gallons per minute of water
per chicken house. If we don't accomplish that we have voided our contract
with Allen/Harim.
Concern Two: Fans in Our Chicken Houses vs Silicon Dust
There are over 20 motors in each chicken house moving air and feed. The
silicon dust sucked in by the fans could cause malfunction in the fans which will
stop air flow necessary for temperature control in the house. Potentially it could
also cause problems with the chicken feeders which must work properly in order
for the chickens to eat each morning. We are in big trouble without proper fan
activity.

11 /04/2019
Concern Three: Effects on Our Chickens
Chickens are affected by noise and vibration. These factors can cause them to
stop laying. The noise from the quarry activities and the vibrations from the
explosives could cause us to receive NO eggs. Eggs are necessary for us to
make a living!
Concern Four: Our Health
We also need water to survive. We also need clean air to breathe. Just a little
research on silicon dust runs up a BIG RED FLAG that it is harmful to anyone's
health to breathe silicon dust.
Along with everyone in Caswell County that is sickened at the thought of the
potential damage a quarry would cause to our health, the health of our children,
the health of our grandchildren, the health of our animals, the effects on our
property that we love, the effects on the water we drink and the air that we
breathe — PLEASE, PLEASE say NO to a Quarry in Caswell County, North
Carolina!
Thank you
Franklin Pendergraft 3l3 ! tc2:2,5rl?n% 2.D
Lynn Pendergraft �C a ?-3��
Kristy Haigh
Allen Haigh
Alexandria Haigh
Clabon Haigh

4�6 4�38 (9
I am Mark Langan and I live at 1078 Wilson Road, Hurdle Mills, NC.
Before attending Cornell University and studying environmental sciences and natural resources,
I spent a summer working with the park rangers in Rock Creek Park in Washington DC after my
senior year of high school. I learned a lot about native species and controlling non-native
species such as kudzu. I also learned how challenging it can be to have a protected National
Park on the periphery of a big city. There were constant struggles dealing with encroachment
and development near the park. I imagine that this is the challenge NC DEQ faces on a daily
basis. You have to balance your mission which is to provide science -based environmental
stewardship for the health and prosperity of ALL North Carolinians with the needs of the people
and the desires of developers to "encroach" on natural, protected lands.
What Sunrock proposes, I can plainly state is non-native encroachment on rural, residential
wetlands that would have profound detrimental effects on Caswell County and the surrounding
Person and Orange Counties. Despite Sunrock's claims, a 300+-acre stone quarry that will
quickly become a 630-acre stone quarry with an asphalt mixing plant is not environmental
stewardship for the health and prosperity of All North Carolinians. The proposed area
includes creeks that feed drinking water (Lake Roxboro which is less than 1000 feet
away), tobacco farmland and other farmland and nearby neighbors who treasure the
quiet country and beautiful wetlands. In my opposition, I will focus on the negative
effects of dump truck diesel, as there will be numerous small and large dump trucks
transporting aggregates wherever this quarry is placed. Diesel exhaust and particulates
from such an operation will affect the air that we breathe.
Rock extraction and dump truck transportation make quarry operation both a stationary
and a mobile source of particulate matter, respectively. A study, published in the Journal
of Air Waste Management, found high concentrations of fine and coarse particulates in
a quarry's neighbor surroundings. Another later study, published in this same journal,
found fine and coarse rock particulates and fine soot particulates from the diesel used in
the explosions of a quarry. In fact, a major source of soot particles in quarries is derived
from the diesel exhaust of the dump trucks used to transport the extracted aggregates.
Diesel engines emit a complex mixture of air pollutants, composed of a variety of
harmful gases and solid materials which include carbon particles and over 40 other
known cancer -causing substances. Also, dump trucks disperse particles to the
surroundings when they traverse the unpaved roads of quarries and when they dump
their cargo. Diesel exhaust and particulates from quarries are suspended in the air, thus
exposure to these pollutants occurs whenever a person breathes air that contains these
substances. Those living or spending time near the quarries or the roads with the diesel
dump truck traffic face exposure to higher levels of particulate matter and may face
higher health risks. Multiple studies, including from the EPA and the California EPA, have
shown that particulate matter pollution from quarry operation and diesel exhaust is
associated with an increase of several diseases such as heart diseases, respiratory

C�
diseases, and several types of cancer. A single quarry may operate six days per week and
have more than 40 diesel -truck trips daily to transport the aggregates. A study
conducted in a quarry documented that, although safety measures were taken in this
quarry, diesel exhaust and particulates reached the surrounding communities over a
mile away.
I ask that you take this and other information tonight as evidence that this permit does
not follow your mission of science -based environmental stewardship for the health and
prosperity of All North Carolinians and that you decline Sunrock's permit. Thank you.
(A little more information and the references):
It is widely known that particulate matter pollutes the air and it is also associated with a variety
of adverse health effects in humans (-1-) http.s /1 www.epa.pncl-
erivironI and (-2-) Epidemiological evidence of effects of
coarse airborne particles on health. Brunekreef B, Forsberg B Eur Respir.l. 2005 Aug; 26(2):309-
18. These particulates can originate from stationary, mobile, or natural sources and its effects
on human health vary depending on its size (-3-) Effects of particulate matter (PM10) on the
pulmonary function of middle -school children. Kim JH, Lim DH, Kim JK, Jeong SJ, Son BKJ Korean
Med Sci. 2005 Feb; 20(1):42-5 and (-4-) Linking health effects to PM components, size, and
sources. Gordon T Inhal Toxicol. 2007; 19 Suppl 1():3-6. Particulate matter <2.511m in diameter
(fine particulates; PM2.5) and 10µm (coarse particulate; PM10) are strongly associated with
respiratory diseases and other adverse health effects in humans, including hypertension and
cardiovascular conditions, allergies and inflammatory reactions, and birth defects and
deficiencies in child development (-1-) and (-5-) Environmental influences on cardiovascular
health. Walker B Jr, Mouton CP J Natl Med Assoc. 2008 Jan; 100(1):98-102 and (-6-) The effect
of air pollution on asthma and allergy. Riedl MA CurrAllergy Asthma Rep. 2008Apr; 8(2):139-
46. In addition, the elderly and people with emphysema, asthma, and chronic heart and lung
diseases are especially sensitive to fine -particle pollution (-7) California Environmental
Protection Agency. Air Resources Board. Health Effects of Diesel Exhaust Particulate Matter.
Available at: URL:and (-
9-) Particulate matter in the environment: pulmonary and cardiovascular effects. Alfaro-
Moreno E, Nawrot TS, Nemmar A, Nemery B Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2007 Mar; 13(2):98-106.
Numerous studies have linked elevated particle levels in the air to increased hospital
admissions, emergency room visits, and premature deaths (-7-) and (-10-) Association of
ambient air pollution with respiratory hospitalization in a government -designated "area of
concern": the case of Windsor, Ontario. Luginaah IN, Fung KY, Gorey KM, Webster G, Wills C
Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Mar; 113(3):290-6. Because children's lungs and respiratory
systems are still developing, they are also more susceptible than healthy adults to fine particles
(-11-) Fine particles, a major threat to children. Heinrich J, Slama R IntJ Hyg Environ Health.
2007 Oct; 210(5):617-22 and (-13-) Gauderman WJ, Avol E, Gilliland F, Vora H, Thomas D,

Berhane K, et al. The effect of air pollution on lung development from 10 to 18 years of age. N
Engl J Med. 2004;351:1057-1067.
Rock extraction and truck transportation make quarry operation both a stationary and a mobile
source of particulate matter, respectively (-14-) Assessment of influential range and
characteristics of fugitive dust in limestone extraction processes. Chang CTJAir Waste Manag
Assoc. 2004 Feb; 54(2):141-8.and (-17-) Road dust resuspension in the vicinity of limestone
quarries in Jordan. Abu-Allaban M, Hamasha S, GertlerA J Air Waste Manag Assoc. 2006 Oct;
56(10):1440-4. A study from Taiwan found high concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 in a
quarry's neighbor surroundings (-14-). In Wales, UK, a study found rock particulates between
PM2.5 and PM10 and PM2.5 soot particulates from the diesel used in the explosions of a
limestone quarry (-15-). In fact, a major source of soot particulate in quarries is derived from
the diesel exhaust of the trucks used to transport the extracted minerals (-18-) Traffic -related
air pollution and respiratory health during the first 2 yrs of life. Gehring U, Cyrys J, Sedlmeir G,
Brunekreef B, Bellander T, Fischer P, Bauer CP, Reinhardt D, Wichmann HE, Heinrich J Eur Respir
J. 2002 Apr;19(4):690-8. Diesel engines emit a complex mixture of air pollutants, composed of a
variety of harmful gases and solid materials which include carbon particles and over 40 other
known cancer -causing substances (-19-) US Environmental Protection Agency. Health
Assessment document for diesel Engine Exhaust. National Center for Environmental
Assessment, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency;
Washington, D.C.: 2002 and (-20-) Diesel exhaust particles. Wichmann HE lnhal Toxicol. 2007;
19 Suppl 10:241-4.. Also, trucks disperse particulates to the surroundings when they transit the
unpaved roads of quarries and from dispersion of their cargo (-16-) Down with road dust. Frazer
L Environ Health Perspect. 2003 Dec; 111(16):A892-5 and (-17-).
Diesel exhaust and particulates from quarries are suspended in the air, thus exposure to these
pollutants occurs whenever a person breathes air that contains these substances. Those living
or spending time near the quarries or the roads with the diesel -truck traffic face exposure to
higher levels of particulate matter and may face higher health risks (-18-), (-21-) Respiratory
problems associated with exposure to airborne particles in the community. Goren A, Hellmann
S, Gabbay Y, Brenner S Arch Environ Health. 1999 May Jun; 54(3):165-71 and (-22-) Air pollution
from truck traffic and lung function in children living near motorways.
Brunekreef B, Janssen NA, de Hartog J, Harssema H, Knape M, van Vliet P Epidemiology. 1997
May; 8(3):298-303. Multiple studies have shown that particulate matter pollution from quarry
operation and diesel exhaust is associated with an increase of several diseases such as heart
diseases, respiratory diseases, and several types of cancer (-1-), (-7-), (-19-), and (-21-). A study
conducted in a quarry documented that, although safety measures were taken in this
quarry, diesel exhaust and particulates reached the surrounding communities over a
mile away (-24-) Garcia -Martinez N. The environmental and health impact due to the rock
extraction in the Hector Colon quarry. San Juan, Puerto Rico: 1984.

�
CASWELL COUNTY LOCAL GOVERNMENT
A RESOLUTION
ADVOCATING FOR THE PRESERVATION AND GROWTH OF
A STRONG, RURAL, AGRICULTURAL, ENVIRONMENTALLY
FRIENDLY, HEALTHY AND PROSPEROUS CASWELL COUNTY
WHILE ENCOURAGING AND PROMOTING RESPONSIBLE AND
PLANNED ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES
WHEREAS, Caswell County was founded in 1777, is located in the north -central
Piedmont region of North Carolina and has a population of over 20,000; and
WHEREAS, Caswell County has been, since its founding, noted and characterized for
its beautiful rural landscapes, which its citizens and representatives past and present have
sought to preserve and promote; and
WHEREAS, being primarily a rural community with agriculture, consisting of over
90,000 acres and woodlands, Caswell County's land, water and air have been and will continue
to be a great asset to its people's health and prosperity and a driver of economic stability in the
region; and
WHEREAS, Caswell County's Comprehensive Plan and Economic Development Action
Plan addressed the importance of Economic Development, Environmental Health, Air and Water
Quality, the Health and Safety of the Citizens, Agriculture, Tourism, and Farmland Preservation;
WHEREAS, these plans through citizen input stressed that policies assuring a healthy
environment and maintaining Caswell County's air and water quality should be encouraged as
well as assuring that future development does not jeopardize the air and water quality; and
WHEREAS, in the Caswell County Economic Development Action Plan, the following
were viewed as strengths and opportunities: Recreation, Health Care, Agriculture, Proximity to
developed areas while retaining historical, cultural and natural beauty and charm, good quality of
life, water resources, lakes, forests, game lands and clean water, being a pristine rural county; and
WHEREAS, the citizens of the Prospect Hill community and other County residents have
expressed their concerns to the Board of Commissioners in several public meetings that they are
proponents of preservation and growth of a strong, rural, agricultural, environmentally friendly,
healthy and prosperous County and are concerned with current industrial and retail development
plans within their community;

NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED, that we the Caswell County Board of
County Commissioners do hereby advocate for the preservation and growth of a strong, rural,
agricultural, environmentally friendly, healthy and prosperous Caswell County as evidenced by
the adoption of the Caswell County Comprehensive Plan and the Caswell County Economic
Development Action Plan but also encourage and promote responsible and planned economic
development activities.
Adopted on the fourth day of November, 2019.
ick McVVairman Jeremiah Jefferies, Vie Chairman
Nathaniel Hall
avid Owen
Attest: (�
Paula P. Seamster
Clerk to the Board
Steve Oestreicher
William Carter
S �g Carter

I want to thank the NCDEQ for hearing our concerns tonight. They are many and varied, all, I
would say, leading to the conclusion that a rock quarry in the proposed location is a bad idea
for our community.
I live and work just south of the Caswell line in Orange County, about 3 miles from the proposed
site.. My house was built in 1881, now designated an Orange County Historic Landmark after its
careful restoration undertaken over many years of hard work. It is protected in perpetuity by
covenants recommended by Preservation NC. I am a steward of my house and my land, legally
bound to protect and maintain, leaving it better than I found it for future generations to
appreciate our environmental and cultural heritage. I wonder then, how I can manage to
protect and provide for my home when any number of catastrophes can occur due to a highly
questionable industrial site invading my community? With increased dump truck traffic and
blasting, my foundation, original hand blown window panes, and well casing are in danger of
cracking. Studies have shown, homes lose 20% of their market value when a quarry site is
within 5 miles.
My grandfather was a medical doctor and lung specialist who in retirement worked as an expert
witness. He specialized in asbestosis, mesothelioma and silicosis. I have heard about the
dangers of silica dust all my life. I am also a ceramic artist who works exclusively in porcelain,
which is essentially silica. I am well steeped in the protocol I must maintain in order to keep my
studio as free from dust as possible for my health. My studio is a closed and controlled
environment, a rock quarry is not. It is well documented that free silica in particle sizes of both
2.5 micrometers and 10 micrometers, invisible to the naked eye, are known carcinogens and
can travel for more than 30 miles in the air, affecting healthy people and those with respiratory
illnesses alike, the latter more acutely and more quickly. Quarry workers will be required to
wear safety equipment per OSHA standards, but we, the unprotected and unwilling public, are
left vulnerable to poison in our air and the constant rumble and traffic of large diesel trucks
kicking up dust and spewing damaging particulates into our air.
This evening we will hear from hydrologists and geologists, their expertise and experience
detailing the specifics of water veins in fractured bedrock and how pumping water at the rate a
quarry of this size necessitates is categorically dangerous to our community's wells and water
supply, both in volume and quality. How the run off will flood tributaries that flow directly to
Roxboro Lake, a class 11 reservoir for the city of Roxboro, in Person County. How can I live in and
protect my home, or work in my studio, if my water is either gone or contaminated? My
immediate neighbors are organic farmers, making their livings in the soil they have worked
years to build up as healthy ecosystems, relying on clean water either from wells or ponds, all
three resources threatened from particulate matter in the air, ground water contamination or
de -watering.
It is extremely alarming to me, that in these situations, as general policy, the response to
concerns becomes, "if it breaks, we will fix it and make it right." I am not satisfied that the dire
environmental and health impacts of quarrying or asphalt production have been assessed or
tested for adequately or completely. We don't have the luxury of allowing anything this
damaging to enter our community.
Mimi Logothetis 9501 NC Highway 86 N, Cedar Grove, NC 27231

5p��1 4i
My name is Heather Langan, 1078 Wilson Road, Hurdle Mills.
Caswell County is a rural, peaceful home to people, farms, protected waterways,
and endangered and protected wildlife. The proposed quarry threatens these
directly and threatens our positive development potential.
The Environmental Protection Agency reports that quarries produce tons of
particulate matter every ,year. Multiple studies indicate that PM is highly
dangerous to humans, animals and air and water quality.
The World Health Organization says: "People with pre-existing lung or heart
disease, as well as the elderly and children, are particularly vulnerable. Exposure to
PM affects lung development in children in a number of ways.
Particulates are strongly associated with respiratory diseases, hypertension,
cardiovascular conditions, allergies, inflammatory reactions and birth defects.
There are a number of elderly people and children in Caswell County.
Asphalt processing facilities are major sources of hazardous air
pollutants. Exposure to these air toxins may cause cancer, central nervous system
problems, liver damage and respiratory problems.
In addition to smokestack emissions, large amounts of harmful "fugitive
emissions" are released as the asphalt is moved around in trucks and conveyor
belts, and is stored in stockpiles. A small asphalt plant may release up to 50 tons of
toxic fugitive emissions into the air every year.
Particles can be carried over long distances by wind and settle on ground or water,
potentially making lakes and streams acidic, changing the nutrient balance in river
basins and contributing to acid rain effects.

The EPA says that mining can deplete surface and groundwater supplies.
Groundwater withdrawals may damage or destroy streamside habitat many miles
from the actual mine site.
As noted, there are 3 streams running through the land where the quarry is
proposed and a nearby lake (used for drinking water), all of which are protected as
part of the watershed.
The NC DEQ itself indicates that "Land uses in the (Roxboro Lake) watershed
include agricultural, forest and residential areas". Notice you do not indicate that
this is an industrial area.
Local waterways are home to countless wildlife, including eagles, a federally
protected species. There may be other endangered species in the area, and we are
in the process of verifying those. It is critical we have time to establish that fact.
"Acceptable Risk" is not a concept that we in Caswell County accept. There are
too many people, animals, farms, protected and endangered wildlife, and
vulnerable water sources to make this a viable, legal enterprise. We citizens hope
that you, the North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality, will embrace
your mission and protect our health, our livelihoods and natural environment by
denying the application for a quarry in Caswell County.

My name is Heather Langan. My land on Wilson Road, Hurdle Mills sits in both Caswell and
Person counties. I would like to speak to the effects of the proposed quarry on the people,
animals, land, air and water.
Caswell County is home to people, important waterways, farms and endangered and protected
wildlife. The proposed quarry is TOO CLOSE to these things and threatens them directly. This is
not an urban environment with inherent protections and buffers and/or little risk to municipal
water, land or wildlife. This is a highly natural, wild, landscape. It is not the place for a heavily
industrial, polluting operation.
The Environmental Protection Agency reports that quarries produce tons of particulate matter
every year.
"Particulate matter," also known as particle pollution or PM, is a complex mixture of extremely
small particles and liquid droplets. Particle pollution is made up of a number of components,
including acids, organic chemicals, metals, and soil or dust particles.
Emissions from the production of sand and gravel consist primarily of particulate matter (PM)
and particulate matter less than 10 micrometers (PM-10) in aerodynamic diameter, which are
emitted by many operations at sand and gravel processing plants, such as conveying, screening,
crushing, and storing operations (EPA).
There are too many research articles to cite here. Multiple research studies indicate that PM less
than 10 micrometers is highly dangerous to humans, animals and water quality, though PM of
10+ is also dangerous and potentially life -threatening.
There are a number of elderly people and children in the area of the proposed quarry in Caswell
County. In addition, there are military veterans with health conditions and disabled people living
in close proximity. In fact, Caswell County is home to a number of Vietnam War veterans, as
well as veterans of more recent conflicts. Some of them have physical and mental health
challenges which would be adversely affected by a quarry.

According to the World Health Organization:
"People with pre-existing lung or heart disease, as well as the elderly and children, are
particularly vulnerable. For example, exposure to PM affects lung development in children,
including deficits in lung function, chronically reduced lung growth rate and a deficit in long-
term lung function."
Particulates are strongly associated with respiratory diseases, hypertension, cardiovascular
conditions, allergies, inflammatory reactions, birth defects and deficiencies in child development.
Elderly people and those with emphysema, asthma, and chronic heart and lung diseases such as
COPD are especially sensitive to particle pollution. Numerous studies have linked elevated
particle levels in the air to increased hospital admissions, emergency room visits, and premature
deaths.
That high levels of ambient particulate matter from combustion sources could have severe
adverse effects on health was noted in the air pollution episodes of the 1940s to 1960s. Indeed,
one such episode in London, England, in 1952 was responsible for several thousand premature
deaths within a week. However, until the publication of new studies beginning in the early
1990s, there were no data to suggest that relatively low concentrations of particulate matter, as
currently experienced in urban areas of North America and Western Europe, had effects on
human health.
Health Concerns Specific To Asphalt:
Asphalt plants mix gravel and sand with crude oil derivatives to make asphalt. The EPA says
these plants release millions of pounds of chemicals to the air during production each year,
including many cancer -causing toxic air pollutants such as arsenic, benzene, formaldehyde, and
cadmium. Other toxic chemicals are released into the air as the asphalt is loaded into trucks and
hauled from the plant site.

Asphalt Fumes are Known Toxins. The EPA states "Asphalt processing facilities are major
sources of hazardous air pollutants such as formaldehyde, hexane and phenol. Exposure to these
air toxins may cause cancer, central nervous system problems, liver damage, respiratory
problems and skin irritation.".
In addition to smokestack emissions, large amounts of harmful "fugitive emissions" are released
as the asphalt is moved around in trucks and conveyor belts, and is stored in stockpiles. A small
asphalt plant may release up to 50 tons of toxic fugitive emissions into the air every year.
The amounts of pollutants released from a facility are estimated by computers and mathematical
.formulas rather than by actual stack testing, Experts agree these do not accurately predict toxic
emissions released. According to Dr. Luanne Williams, a North Carolina state toxicologist, 40%
of toxins from asphalt plant smokestacks meet air quality standards and for the other 60%, the
state lacks sufficient data to determine safe levels.
Even if an asphalt plant meets all air pollution standards, people living nearby are still exposed to
cancer -causing substances that can cause long-term damage. These standards are based on the
principle of "acceptable risk", and assume each state will adequately enforce the standards, the
plants will operate perfectly, and the owners can be trusted to operate on an honor system where
they are expected to follow all the laws and regulations that apply to their facility without any
government oversight.
Finally, there are serious mental health concerns regarding an operation that includes large, loud,
frequent blasting. Such noise, and the accompanying vibration, can be intensely distressing to
humans and animals. People suffering from PTSD, such as veterans, may experience severe
recurrence of symptoms with exposure to such disturbing stimuli. The effect on livestock is less
well known but can be assumed to be similarly disturbing, as their nervous systems and their
built-in threat -response cycles are essentially the same as ours. As a trained, practicing trauma
therapist, I have been witness to the consequences of such trauma triggers and know the deep,
damaging fallout that can occur. This worries me greatly, should the proposed quarry come to
pass.

Effects on Waterways:
There are 3 streams running through the land where the quarry is proposed. Hyco Creek
Lake/Roxboro Lake is very close by and is a protected, Class II Watershed drinking water source
for the city of Roxboro.
The NC DEQ itself indicates that "Land uses in the (Roxboro Lake) watershed include
agricultural, forest and residential areas". Notice you do not indicate that this is an industrial
area.
Particles can be carried over long distances by wind and then settle on ground or
water. Depending on their chemical composition, the effects of this settling may include:
• making lakes and streams acidic
• changing the nutrient balance in river basins
• depleting the nutrients in soil
• damaging sensitive forests and farm crops
• contributing to acid rain effects.
(from the EPA)
Several serious environmental impacts related to quarrying activities on and near the river, such
as vibrations, land degradation, land subsidence and landslides, water pollution, occupational
noise pollution, and air pollution, will lead to health -related problems and loss of biodiversity.
Quarrying operations can adversely alter pre-existing ecosystems, and change hydrogeological
and hydrological regimes. This adverse influence of stone and sand quarrying induces damage in
property, depletion of ground water, loss of fertile topsoil, degradation of forests, deterioration in
aquatic biodiversity and public health. Haphazard quarrying of sand from riverbeds may cause a
rapid change in bed configuration in response to the changes in flow. Quarrying basically
destroys landscape. This can lead to downstream movement, scouring, or accumulation of
sediment while provoking shoreline erosion. When riverbeds are composed of sand, this on-
going pattern of erosion and deposition causes meanders to progress slowly downstream in time.
(Abstract, Sci Total Environ. April 2016)

Effects of Quarrying on Water Quality (from SafeWater.org):
There are four main types of mining impacts on water quality.
1. Acid Mine Drainage
Acid leaches from rock and is carried off by rainwater or surface drainage and deposited
into nearby streams, rivers, lakes and groundwater. This severely degrades water quality,
and can kill aquatic life and make water virtually unusable.
2. Heavy Metal Contamination & Leaching
Heavy metal pollution is caused when Metals are leached out and carried downstream as
water washes over the rock surface.
3. Processing Chemicals Pollution occurs when toxic chemical agents used by mining companies
spill, leak, or leach from the mine site into nearby water bodies.
4. Erosion and Sedimentation
Mining disturbs soil and rock in the course of constructing and maintaining roads, open pits, and
waste impoundments. Erosion of the exposed earth may carry substantial amounts of sediment
into streams, rivers and lakes. Sediment can clog riverbeds and smother watershed vegetation
and wildlife.
Quarry owners claim that "fugitive dust" will be "mitigated on site". However, this requires
enormous amounts of water. This use of water can deplete an aquifer, as well as contaminate it
with carcinogenic heavy metals.
The EPA says that Mining can deplete surface and groundwater supplies. Groundwater
withdrawals may damage or destroy streamside habitat many miles from the actual mine site

The proposed quarry will pump millions of gallons of water per day. Sunrock's water and well
testing was incomplete and flawed. Even if the aquifer (which supplies water for hundreds of
people) isn't entirely depleted by this operation, what is the proposed plan for the polluted
"waste water"? Carolina Sunrock's permit application indicates it will go into Sugar Tree Creek,
Hyco Creek and Lake Roxboro. Surely, this cannot be allowed. These waterways are protected
as part of the watershed and are home to endangered species, as well as supplying drinking water
for human beings. The waterways are also home to countless wildlife, including eagles, a
federally protected species, and the spiny mussel (awaiting verification of this from the Fish and
Wildlife Service).
From GeoSciences Journal, 2007:
Effect of mining and geology on the chemistry of stream water and sediment in a small
watershed
Chemical characteristics of the stream water and sediment in the small watershed with two
distinctive mineralization zones (Cu and Pb—Zn), 7 abandoned mines and an active quarry were
investigated to examine the effects of mining activity and regional geology on the chemistry. The
stream water affected by the abandoned mines had Ca—SO4 type but the other had
Ca—HCO3 type. The mine -affected stream water and sediment showed relatively high
concentrations of metals.
The Center For Biological Diversity reports that mining practices have had a serious impact on
the environment, ecosystems and human health since the industry's inception. Hardrock mining
releases more toxic substances — such as mercury, arsenic, lead and cyanide — than any other
industry in the United States. And here are just a few other "side effects" of mining on public
lands in the West: cyanide spills; wildlife habitat destruction and fish kills caused by poisoned
waters; and water pollution caused by acid mine drainage, which leaches potentially toxic heavy
metals like lead, copper, and zinc from rocks.

According to the Mineral Policy Center, damaging effluents from mines have polluted more than
12,000 miles of American rivers and streams and 180,000 acres of lakes and reservoirs,
destroying drinking -water supplies and crucial wildlife habitat and presenting a burgeoning
threat to already overtaxed underground aquifers.
Effects of Quarries on farming:
... High concentrations of trace metals pose a great threat to general ecosystems due to their
persistence, inherent toxicity, consequent bioaccumulation and biomagnification in the food
chain. In plants the blockage of stomata hinders photosynthesis around quarrying sites.
Multiple scientific articles report on a broad range of negative impacts of quarries on
surrounding communities.... Quarrying activities impact the life of the communities living
around the quarry zones and those working in the quarry ( Nartey et al., 2012). The negative
impacts on the socioeconomic status includes increase in health complications and diseases such
as pneumonia, eyes and ears infections and other respiratory illnesses associated with the dust,
smoke, fumes and noise emitted in the quarrying operations; accidents and health hazards due to
existence of quarry pits (Olusegun et al., 2009;Nartey et al., 2012;Saliu et al., 2014;Wanjiku et
al., 2014); increase in conflict in the society; water source pollution; loss of agricultural
productive land and illegal stone extraction (Lad and Samant, 2014)....
Caswell County is a highly rural place, home to numerous farms. The danger to those farms from
a nearby quarry includes potentially highly polluted water, depletion of the water supply,
particulate matter choking plants and potentially causing health problems in livestock.
"Acceptable Risk" is not a concept that we in Caswell County accept. There are too many
people, animals, farm lands, protected and endangered wildlife, water sources (including a
fragile aquifer) in the vicinity of the proposed quarry to make this a viable, legal enterprise. We
citizens hope that you, the North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality, will embrace
your mission and protect our health, our livelihoods and natural environment by denying
Sunrock's application for a quarry in Caswell County.

Thank you for your consideration.
Respectfully,
Heather Langan
Caswell/Person Counties
Sources
https://files.nc.goy/ncdeg/Water%20Quality/Environmental%2OSciences/Reports/`ROA2014Fin
Aakes.pdf
https:Hnepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyPDF.cgi?Docket/=P 1001 EX6.txt
https://www3.epa.pov/ttn/chief/ap42/ch 11 /final/c 11 s 19-1.pdf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31550597
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31479977
https://www.canada.calenlhealth-canadalservices/environmental-workplace-health/reports-
publications/environmental-contaminants/canadian-environmental-protection-act-1999-priority-
substances-list-assessment-report-re hirable-particulate-matter.htm 1#a2412
https://www.biologicaldiversily.or /pro rg ams/public lands/mining/
htips://www.researchgate.net/publication/235793394 Environmental impact analysis of quarr
ying activities established on and near a river bed by using remotely sensed data
https://www.epa. gov/pm-pollutionlhealth-and-environmental-effects-particulate-matter-pm
http://www.euro.who.int/ data/assets/pdf file/0006/ 189051 /Health -effects -of -particulate
matter-final-Eng.pdf
https://edocs.deg.nc.gov/Stormwater/DocView.aspx?dbid=0&id=636291&page=1&cr=1

https://www.researchgate.net/fisure/The-effect-of-dust-from-minim-activities-on-crops-in-the-
study-area-a-Crops-on fig7 268294817
https://data usa. io/profile/geo/caswe l I -co u nty-nc

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Biuiiion of 1#ealt4 -§�eruire Regulation
Effective January 01, 2019, this license is issued to
United Support Services, Inc.
to operate a mental health facility known as
Champions
located at 1262 Tom Bowes Road
Hurdle Mills, North Carolina County. -Person
This license is issued subject to the statutes of the
State of North Carolina, is not transferable land shall expire
midnight December31, 201Q.
Facility ID: 050656
License Number. MHL-073-046
Capacity: 2
Services:
27G.560OF Supervised Living/Alternative Family Living
Authoriz by: swr�
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Secretary, N.C. Department of Health and � . �c Director, Divisidn of Health vi a Regulation
Human Services

Py BED VjoRAiL CARE
ORDER
06/06/2019
PATIENT:
DOB MOOM SS#:
FATLEN.T ADDRESS- 1262 TorrtElowes-Rd., Hurdle -Mills, NU 754T
DIAGNOSIS:
Z79-899 Other long term (current) drug therapy
R M -Post traumatic !feg- Y-order, unspecified
F71 Moderate intellectual disabilities
PRIMARY INSURANCE:
PATIENT INSURANCE ID: amovar
SECONDARY INSURANCE:
PATIENT INSURANCE ID:
Please FAX the report to my office on 877-256-8588 upon completion.
This order has been electronically signed and approved.
Sincerely,
Brian Wall, MD

Noises Are Truly Horrible For People Who
Have PTSD
20 Mar'2018 Sound
Noise is a really big issue for PTSD survivors: people who have mental health problems because
of their traumas. How are they connected?
Almost everybody has experienced a trauma. But some traumas are more scarring than others
and can even result in long-lasting mental disorders like PTSD, which can have an extreme
impact on someone's life. It's a disorder that can develop in the brain after a horrifying
experience, like war or a car crash.
Symptoms
The symptoms of PTSD are, to say the least, not pleasant. They range from nightmares about
the traumatic events, disturbing thoughts and feelings, anxiety, trying to avoid anything that
has something to do with the traumatic event, and an increase in the fight -or -flight response.

Around ten percent of the population suffers from PTSD, according to data from CBI, a part of
r. the US National Library of Medicine. And, remark bly enough, that percenu s the same'for
people w o suffer from tinnitus (the sound of a constant beep in your ears). The NCBI clearly
sees a link between the two.
0000�
PTSD survivors also suffer from the Exaggerated Startle Syndrome, with anxiety and actions in
an extreme and irrational way too loud noises and bangs. And then there are the sounds that
remind them of the sounds during the traumatic events, which can trigger memories of the
trauma or flashbacks.
,4W
Fear
PTSD can also cause a general fear of sounds: phonophobia, or a fear of some specific sounds:
misophonia. Survivors of the disorder also are generally much more sensitive to sounds and
perceive them as much louder than other people would.
All of this makes the life of people with PTSD very hard. If you think you are suffering from this,
consult your doctor. Really, please do it. For yourself, and for the ones you love.

What are the biggest causes of
noise pollution?
Life
Tinnitus, misophonia and
phonophobia: the big three
explained
Sound
Noise pollution by planes: this
is what living near an airport
can do with your health
Sound

Do you have PTSD and would you like to tell your experiences to us? We are always very open
and interested to hear what you have to say. And again: if you haven't done it yet, visit your
doctor, please. Thank you!
4 Reasons Why Highly Sensitive People Are
Awesome
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.'
> > Calming The Beast: PTSD And Hyperarousal
Calming The Beast: PTSD And Hyperarousal
By
Updated August 30, 2019
Reviewer
Many people who have a PTSD diagnosis feel out of control, angry, and embarrassed by their condition.
Some people might even resort to blaming themselves, or sinking into feelings of self -loathing and
hopelessness. Much of this is due to the nature of PTSD's symptoms, which include the sensation of
hyperarousal, or being constantly aware and on alert to potential dangers, triggers, and sources of pain,
fear, or harm. While being on alert can serve people well in the short-term, long-term feelings of
hyperarousal can lead to extended periods of elevated stress hormones, and the eventual breakdown of
bodily systems.
-
r
it
Y
Source: unsplash.com
PTSD Defined
Post-Traumatir. Stress Disorder is an anxiety disorder that occurs following a traumatic event -or a series
of traumatic events. While PTSD was once narrowly defined as a disorder unique to post -combat war
veteraj is. it is growing in its scope. and can include people from a wide variety of backgrounds. The onset of
PTSD is in no way relegated entirely to individuals who have witnessed the atrocities of war. Instead. Post
Traumatic Stress Disorder can affect for an ongoing series of
traumas). Not everyone who experiences trauma will go on to develop PTSD, however. There are certain
people who have higher risk factors for PTSD.
Risk factors for the condition include anyone who has an anxiety or depressive disorder, or anyone with a
family history of anxiety or depressive disorders, including PTSD. There may also be some environmental
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PTSDAIone.Our
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factors, as people who do not have a stable support system maybe more likely to develop PTSD.
In order to qualify for a diagnosis of PTSD, you must experience the symptoms of the disorder for a
minimum of one month following trauma. Although it was once necessary to experience symptoms within
a certain time frame to qualify for a diagnosis. PTSD is now recognized as being able to develop a
significant period of time following the traumatic incident itself -from 3 months to several years.
PTSD is its own diagnosis, but compounding PTSD is another aspect of the condition that is only recently
gatheringthe attention it deserves, is any form of PTSD in which the trauma
experienced was not a single, isolated event, but was an ongoing cycle of trauma. The most common source
of compounding PTSD is physical or emotional abuse at the hands of a loved one, but there may be other
ways to receive a "compounding PTSD" diagnosis, including repeated trauma through your position as a
hospital worker, or any other profession that is frequently witness to human tragedy.
Symptoms of PTSD
vary to some degree, depending upon the patient's background, source of trauma, and
system of support, but there are four core symptoms, with several sobsymptoms within them. These
include: memories, avoidant behavior, behavior changes, and mood swings. The memory of the traumatic
incidents often arrives without notice or without a desire to recall it. and causes significant distress.
Within these memories, there are often gaps or may be some confusion regarding what actually happened.
Memories may come in flash backs or may manifest in the form of nightmares.
11A
Source: unsplash.conr
Avoidant behavior is any type of behavior that seeks to avoid triggers by refusing to visit certain places.
entertain certain thoughts, or see certain people. Avoidant behavior must have a significant impact on your
life in order to qualify as a PTSD symptom. Behavior changes cover any significant shift in behavior. For
some, this means isolating yourself when you used to be an outgoing or friendly personality, while others
see this in the form of increased anger or irritability. Mood swings are also typical of PTSD, wherein people
with the disorder move from pain to joy to fear to anger and back again, without feeling as though they can
control a manage those emotions.
PTSD and Hyperarousal
Embedded within the symptoms of PTSD is hyperarousal. Hyperarousal is a symptom
feelings of vigilance. fear. and hesitance This often manifests in "jumpy" behavior. constantly being on
edge, or walking on eggshells. Loud noises might be overwhelming and painful, while sur prises -even from
people you trust -can send you into an all-out panic attack. PTSD essentially forces the human body into a

a-
st at€ of chronic stress, which means constantly living in 'fight or flight" mode. In this mode, even everyday
occurrences can take on heightened sensations, and can make daily living an arduous task -
Effects of Hyperarousal
Short-term hyperarousal does not have any severe or lasting effects. In cases where adrenaline is
necessary, for instance moving quickly to escape a runaway car, or requiring strength surpassing your own
to tend to your child-hyperarousal is immensely useful, it can be the difference between staying safe and
being harmed. When your body is constantly hyper -aroused, however, many of your physical and mental
systems begin to break down.
Source: unsplash.com
When chronic stress occurs, your brain essentially begins to prioritize its functions.This means that mood
regulation and other "nonessentials" might get put to the back -burner, in order to accommodate the
constant need to potentially "take flight:' In your body, this form of stress can manifest as sleeplessness or
oversleeping, loss of appetite or excessive appetite, depression, and brain tog. Hyperarousal exacerbates
the other symptoms of PTSD, and is arguably the most painful. exhaustine symptom. Constantly being on
Advice
The treatment for hyperarousal will be incorporated into standard PTSD treatment. Typically, the first
course of action in treating PTSD is . or the individual traumas leading up to
your diagnosis. PTSD treatment will likely begin with talk therapy. Initially, your therapist will teach you
some self -soothing techniques so that when you begin to talk about the trauma, you will be able to better
manage your emotional responses. Then you willwalk your therapist through the event/s responsible for
your PTSD. Taking note of any details that jump out at you -or any details that are conspicuously missing -
your therapist can identify which portions of the trauma exactly have become stuck in your brain.
Next, your therapist can walk you through your memories in a safe space. This is an extremely important
aspect of treatment, because it allows you to feel and explore the symptoms of PTSD without the fear of
being embarrassed, harmed, or exposed. Working through your experiences within the safety of a
therapist's office can help you gradually develop stronger, more effective coping methods. These might
include meditation, mantra, and positive self -talk when fear and doubt come up. as well as simple
mindfulness techniques to bring you back into your body and out of the past. Learning
Related Articles
. or ground yourself by using mindfulness strategies can be very helpful in when processing
traumatic memories.

4
Ultimately. the goal of any therapeutic approach is going to be rewiring your brain's response to the
traumatic event. in order to allow it to be thoroughly processed and healed. When a traumatic event is
stored away before it is processed (as is the case in PTSD). it cannotfully heal until it has been reopened
and evaluated in order to understand This is even true of children: some children who experience trauma
cannot understand the things they underwent in childhood, and are notable to fully open up and process
those experiences until adulthood.
Hyperarousal in PTSD
Hyperarousal is a classic symptom of PTSD, and can cause significant upset in daily fife. Hyperarousal
describes a state of chronic stress, that you must walk on eggshells, that no one can
be trusted. or that something bad is lurking just around the corner. This type of constant fear can wreak
havoc an your emotional and physical state, and can trigger a domino effect of both physical and emotional
health conditions. Hyperarousal is dangerous in its own right, for the profound effects it has on the human
body.
Source: unsplash.com
PTSD, is treatable and does not have to be a lifelong sentence. Instead, most PTSD treatment lasts
between 12 and 7.8 weeks, at which point patients and therapists can reevaluate and determine if
additional therapy is needed. During this time, patients will work with therapists to develop new behaviors
and thought patterns regarding the source of their trauma, and will be given the opportunity to walk
through the source of their trauma step-by-step in a safe, controlled environment. This form of treatment
may require some emotional fortitude, but can dramatically improve your quality of living by reducing
many of the symptoms of PTSD.
If you or anyone you know has experienced any of the symptoms of PTSD, including hyperarousal,
to a trusted friend or mental health professional to get started on your healingjourney. Although the
road getting there can be difficult, treating and ultimately overcoming PTSD is absolutely possible, no
matter your circumstance. Treatment may involve numerous healing modalities, and could take years, but
healing is possible.
Previous Article

The Most Common PTSD
Triggers -and How to
Manage Them
Loud noises, large crowds, and other PTSD triggers can make you feel
like you're relivingyour trauma.
By Heather Mayer Irvine November 30, 2018
When you hear post -traumatic stress disorder or PTSD, your first
thought probably goes to war veterans. Symptoms have often been
associated with the battlefield: "shell shock" after World War I and
"combat fatigue" after World War II. But today, the mental health
condition is recognized in survivors of non -battle trauma as well.
Those traumatic experiences primarily include disaster events —like
mass shootings, bombings, the attacks on September 11—and serving
as a first responder in these types of incidents. Victims of sexual
assault can also experience symptoms of PTSD, says psychiatrist
Elspeth Cameron Ritchie, MD, chief of psychiatry at Medstar
Washington Hospital Center.
"In some ways, the trauma from sexual assault may be worse than the
trauma from combat because normally, soldiers are prepared and
trained for combat," says Dr. Ritchie, who is also a retired army
colonel.
https://www.health.com/anxiety/ptsd-triggers-.-

RELATED: 10 Symptoms of PTSD Everyone Should Know
PTSD affects about 3.5% of U.S. adults, and women are twice as likely
as men to have it. Symptoms of PTSD range in severity, Dr. Ritchie
says. They can be mild —intrusive thoughts or nightmares that go
away on their own —or more severe and chronic like feelings of
numbness, estrangement, and irritability. You might also experience
physical symptoms, like feeling sick to your stomach.
To be diagnosed with PTSD, you usually have to be directly affected by
the traumatic event, believing that your own life or those you care
about are in danger, says Dr. Ritchie. And your symptoms have to last
at least a month, according to the American Psychiatric Association —
but they often remain for months or even years.
RELATED: How to Tell If You Have Normal Post -Traumatic Stress or
Something More Serious
Recognizing PTSD triggers
Smells and sounds that are similar to what survivors experienced
during their trauma are very common PTSD triggers, says Dr. Ritchie.
Upsetting smells might include burning meat and diesel fuel, which
could remind veterans of charred flesh and military trucks, for
example. Triggering sounds might include helicopters, firecrackers, or
other loud bangs.
For survivors of sexual assault, common triggers remind them of the
circumstances of the assault. If it took place in a dorm, for example,

you may not go back into small rooms. Or if there had been certain
smells or sounds during the assault, those can bring on symptoms of
PTSD, says Dr. Ritchie. Consensual sexual activity can also trigger
symptoms, she says.
RELATED: How to Enjoy Sex Again If You've Experienced Sexual
Assault
PTSD treatment
Being prepared is one of the best things you can do to help manage
your PTSD triggers.
For example, if it's the Fourth of July, know that you're likely going to
hear fireworks —and plan ahead. "Don't go to a large public place with
loud booms where it's hard to escape," Dr. Ritchie says. "You might
feel trapped in a large crowd. I'd recommend finding a safe,
comfortable, quiet place."
However, it's neither possible nor healthy to avoid too much. "One of
the more disabling symptoms is numbness and avoidance," she says.
If symptoms are so severe that you're, say, not leaving the house,
"that's definitely a point to seek treatment."
One way mental health professionals treat symptoms of PTSD is
through exposure therapy, which asks sufferers to relive the
traumatic event in a safe, controlled environment. This can help you
gain control of your fear and learn ways to cope.
1, t [ 3S li.,,l w,h"' th con!anx,t /i 1 _1 :1 i0g11, 11/4119, 1:08 P%1
Page 3 of 4

People with PTSD have also found success with cognitive behavioral
therapy, medication, and lifestyle changes like yoga and meditation.
To get our top stories delivered to your inbox, sign up for the
Healthy Living newsletter
httos://www.heaIth.com/anxiety/ptsd-triggers 11/4/19, 1:08 PM
Page 4 of 4

/tm y m�cr�uce� .
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RULES
GOVERNING THE SANITATION OF
RESIDENTIAL CARE FACILITIES
15A NCAC 18A .1600
NORTH CAROLINA
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES
DIVISION OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
i
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SERVICES SECTION
EFFECTIVE
FEBRUARY 1,1976
TECHNICAL AMENDMENT EFFECTIVE
NOVEMBER 1, 2002
All Environmental Health Rules can be accessed at the following website:
www.deh.enr.state.nc.us/ehs.rules.htm

TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
NORTH CAROLINA GENERAL STATUTES 130A-247 THROUGH 130A-250 ........... i - iv
RULE
.1601
DEFINITIONS.....................................................................................1
.1602
APPROVAL OF PLANS........................................................................1
.1603
INSPECTIONS.....................................................................................1
.1604
REINSPECTIONS . VISITS ................................................... .......... .2
.1605
INSPECTION FORMS........................................................................... 2
.1606
GRADING.......................................................................................... 2
.1607
FLOORS..................................................................... ................. 2
.1608
WALLS AND CEILINGS....................................................................... 2
.1609
LIGHTING AND VENTILATION............................................................ 3
.1610
TOILET: HANDWASHING: LAUNDRY AND BATHING FACILITIES ........... 3
.1611
WATER SUPPLY................................................................................. 3
.1612
DRINKING WATER FACILITIES: ICE HANDLING...................................3
.1613
LIQUID WASTES................................................................................3
.1614
SOLID WASTES..................................................................................4
.1615
VERMIN CONTROL: PREMISES............................................................ 4
.1616
STORAGE: MISCELLANEOUS..............................................................4
.1617
BEDS: LINEN: FURNITURE..................................................................4
.1618
FOOD SERVICE UTENSILS AND EQUIPMENT ........................................ 5
.1619
FOOD SUPPLIES................................................................................. 5
.1620
FOOD PROTECTION............................................................................5
.1621
FOOD SERVICE PERSONS.................................................................... 6
.1622
SEVERABILITY..................................................................................6
DENR 2094 - INSPECTION OF RESIDENTIAL CARE FACILITY

NORTH CAROLINA GENERAL STATUTE 130A-235
§ 130A-235. Regulation of sanitation in institutions.
For protection of the public health, the Commission shall adopt rules to establish
sanitation requirements for all institutions and facilities at which individuals are provided
room or board and for which a license to operate is required to be obtained or a certificate
for payment is obtained from the Department. The rules shall also apply to facilities that
provide room and board to individuals but are exempt from licensure under G. S. 131 D-
10.4(1). No other State agency may adopt rules to establish sanitation requirements for
these institutions and facilities. The Department shall issue a license to operate or a
certificate for payment to such an institution or facility only upon compliance with all
applicable sanitation rules of the Commission, and the Department may suspend or
revoke a license or a certificate for payment for violation of these rules. In adopting rules
pursuant to this section, the Commission shall define categories of standards to which
such institutions and facilities shall be subject and shall establish criteria for the
placement of any such institution or facility into one of the categories. This section shall
not apply to State institutions and facilities subject to inspection under G.S. 130A-5(10).

NC Department of Environment and Natural Resources
TI5A:18A .3200
*** These rules are copied and published as posted on the OAH Website. ***
SECTION .1600 - SANITATION OF RESIDENTIAL CARE FACILITIES
Rules .1601 - .1622 of Title 15A Subchapter 18A of the North Carolina Administrative Code (T15A.18A .1601 -
.1622); has been transferred and recodified from Rules .0201 - .0222 of Title 10 Subchapter 10A of the North
Carolina Administrative Code (T10.10A .0201 - .0222), effective Apri14, 1990.
15A NCAC 18A .1601 DEFINITIONS
The following definitions shall apply throughout this Section:
(1) "Department of Environment and Natural Resources" means the Secretary, or his authorized
representative.
(2) "Director" means the State Health Director.
(3) "Foster Care" means the care of individuals as defined in G.S. 131D-10.2(9).
(4) "Family foster home" means a facility as defined in G.S. 131D-10.2(8).
(5) "Manager" means the person in responsible charge of a residential care facility.
(6) "Potentially hazardous food" means any food or ingredient, natural or synthetic, in a form capable
of supporting the growth of infectious or toxigenic microorganisms, including Clostridium
botulinum This term includes raw or heat treated foods of animal origin, raw seed sprouts, and
treated foods of plant origin. The term does not include foods which have a pH level of 4.6 or
below or a water activity (Aw) value of 0.85 or less.
(7) "Residential care facility" means an establishment providing room or board and for which a
license or certificate for payment is obtained from the Department of Human Resources.
However, the term shall not include a child day care facility or an institution as defined in 15A
NCAC 18A .1300.
(8) "Resident" means a person, other than the manager, his immediate family, and staff, residing in a
residential care facility.
(9) "Sanitarian" means a person authorized to represent the Department on the local or state level in
making inspections pursuant to state laws and rules.
(10) "Sanitize" means the approved bactericidal treatment by a process which meets the temperature
and chemical concentration levels in 15A NCAC 18A .2619.
History Note: Authority G.S. 130A-235,
Eff. February 1, 1976;
Readopted Eff. December 5, 1977;
Amended Eff July 1, 1993; September 1, 1990; March 1, 1988; July 1, 1984;
Temporary Amendment Eff. May 5, 1998;
Temporary Amendment Expired January 26, 1999.
Amended Eff. November 1, 2002.
15A NCAC 18A .1602 APPROVAL OF PLANS
Plans and specifications for new construction or modification of residential care facilities, except family foster
homes, shall be submitted to the agency designated by the state licensure regulations and to the local health
department for review and approval before beginning construction.
History Note: Authority G.S. 130A-235;
Eff. February 1, 1976;
Readopted Eff. December 5, 1977;
Amended Eff. September 1, 1990.
15A NCAC 18A .1603 INSPECTIONS
Inspections of residential care facilities shall be made by the Department at least once a year prior to the expiration
of the license. Inspections are required for family foster homes only for those homes served by individual or
non -community water supplies or on -site sewage systems. A copy of the inspection form shall be provided to the
person in charge of the facility. If conditions found at the time of the inspection are dangerous to the health of the
residents, the agency supervising the family foster home shall be notified immediately by telephone or other direct
means by the sanitarian.
History Note: Authority G.S. 130A-235;
Eff. February 1, 1976;
Readopted Eff. December 5, 1977;
Printed by NC DENR, DEH Environmental Health Services August 18, 2003 Page 1

NC Department of Environment and Natural Resources TISA: 1&1 .3200
Amended Eff. July 1, 1993.
15A NCAC 18A .1604 REINSPECTIONS: VISITS
The sanitarian may reinspect or visit residential care facilities at any time to insure compliance with these Rules.
When requested by the manager to inspect for the purpose of improving a classification, the sanitarian shall make at
least one unannounced inspection within 30 days. The sanitarian shall give assistance in the explanation and
interpretation of these Rules.
History Note: Authority G.S. 130A-235;
Eff. February 1, 1976;
Readopted Eff December 5, 1977;
Amended Eff. September], 1990.
15A NCAC 18A .1605 INSPECTION FORMS
The grading of residential care facilities shall be done on an inspection form famished by the Department to local
health departments. The form shall include at least the following information;
(1) name and address of facility,
(2) name of person in charge,
(3) number of residents,
(4) classification,
(5) standards of construction and operation as listed in Rule .1607 to .1621 of this Section,
(6) signature of authorized representative.
History Note: Authority G.S. 130A-235;
Eff. February 1, 1976;
Readopted Eff. December 5, 1977;
Amended Eff September 1, 1990; June 30, 1980.
15A NCAC 18A .1606 GRADING
(a) The grading of residential care facilities shall be based upon the standards of construction and operation set out
in Rules .1607 - .1621 of this Section; however, family foster homes are required to comply only with Rule .1611(a)
and (b) and Rule .1613 of this Section.
(b) The grade of the facility shall be classified as follows:
(1) as approved if the demerit score is 20 or less and no six demerit point item is violated;
(2) as provisional if any six demerit point item is violated, or if the demerit score is more than 20 but
not more than 40; The duration of such classification shall not exceed seven days; provided, that a
longer period may be established if construction or renovation is involved;
(3) as disapproved if the demerit score is more than 40, if the conditions found are dangerous to the
health of the residents, or if the conditions resulting in the provisional classification have not been
corrected within the specified time.
History Note: Authority G.S. 130A-235;
Eff. February 1, 1976;
Readopted Eff. December 5, 1977;
Amended Eff. July 1, 1993; January 1, 1978.
15A NCAC 18A .1607 FLOORS
All floors shall be easily cleanable and shall be kept clean and in good repair.
History Note: Authority G.S. 130A-235;
Eff. February 1, 1976;
Readopted Eff. December 5, 1977.
15A NCAC 18A .1608 WALLS AND CEILINGS
The walls and ceilings of all rooms and areas shall be kept clean and in good repair.
History Note: Authority G.S. 130A-235;
Printed by NC DENR, DEH Environmental Health Services August 18, 2003 Page 2

NC Department of Environment and Natural Resources T15A: 18A .3200
Eff. February 1, 1976;
Readopted Eff. December 5, 1977.
15A NCAC 18A .1609 LIGHTING AND VENTILATION
(a) All rooms shall be well lighted by natural or artificial means.
(b) Ventilation equipment shall be kept clean and in good repair.
History Note: Authority G.S. 130A-235;
Eff. February 1, 1976;
Readopted Eff. December 5, 1977;
Amended Eff. July 1, 1993; October 1, 1985; July 1, 1984
15A NCAC 18A .1610 TOILET: HANDWASHING: LAUNDRY AND BATHING FACILITIES
(a) All residential care facilities shall be provided with approved sanitary toilet, handwashing and bathing facilities
complying with state licensure requirements. These facilities, and laundry facilities when provided, shall be kept
clean and in good repair.
(b) All lavatories and baths shall be supplied with hot and cold running water through mixing devices. Each
resident will be provided soap and individual towels. These towels will be stored separately after being used.
History Note: Authority G.S. 130A-235;
Eff. February 1, 1976;
Readopted Eff. December 5, 1977.
15A NCAC 18A .1611 WATER SUPPLY
(a) Water supplies shall meet the requirements in 15A NCAC 18A .1700; however wells shall be approved without
meeting the setback to building foundation requirements found in 15A NCAC 18A .1720, if water sampling in
accordance with Paragraph (b) of this Rule does not indicate a health threat.
(b) At least once a year, samples of water shall be collected by the Department and submitted to the North Carolina
State Laboratory of Public Health or other laboratory certified by the Department to perform examinations for
Nitrates and Coliform bacteria. If the well is located less than 25 feet from a building foundation, the well shall also
be sampled for pesticides upon application for licensure or approval. After the initial pesticide sample is collected
and analyzed, the well shall be sampled again for pesticides following any treatment for structural pests.
(c) No backflow connections or cross connections with unapproved supplies shall exist.
(d) Adequate hot water heating facilities shall be provided. Hot and cold running water under pressure shall be
provided to food preparation areas and any other areas in which water is required for cleaning.
History Note: Authority G.S. 95-225; 130A-5(3); 130A-230; 130A-235; 130A-136; 130A-248; 130A-257;
Eff. February 1, 1976;
Readopted Eff. December 5, 1977;
Amended Eff. September], 1990; July 1, 1984;
Temporary Amendment Eff.; May 5, 1998;
Temporary Amendment Expired January 26, 1999;
Temporary Amendment Eff. January 1, 1999;
Amended Eff. August 1, 2000.
15A NCAC 18A .1612 DRINKING WATER FACILITIES: ICE HANDLING
Common drinking cups shall not be provided or used. If ice is provided for residents, it shall be handled,
transported, stored and dispensed in such a manner as to be protected against contamination.
History Note: Authority G.S. 130A-235;
Eff. February 1, 1976;
Readopted Eff. December 5, 1977;
Amended Eff. September 1, 1990.
15ANCAC 18A.1613 LIQUIDWASTES
All sewage and other liquid wastes shall be disposed of in a public sewer system or, in the absence of a public sewer
system, by an approved, properly operating sanitary sewage system.
Printed by NC DENR, DEH Environmental Health Services August 18, 2003 Page 3

NC Department of Environment and Natural Resources TISA: 18A .3200
History Note: Authority G.S. 130A-235;
Eff. February 1, 1976;
Amended Eff. July 1, 1977;
Readopted Eff. December 5, 1977;
Amended Eff. July], 1984.
15A NCAC 18A .1614 SOLID WASTES
(a) All solid wastes shall be kept in durable, rust -resistant, nonabsorbent, watertight, rodent -proof standard waste
containers which shall be kept covered when filled or stored or not in continuous use.
(b) Outdoor containers shall be stored on a rack to prevent overhuning. Waste containers shall be kept clean.
(c) All solid wastes shall be disposed of with sufficient frequency and in such a manner as to prevent insect
breeding and public health nuisances.
History Note: Authority G.S. 130A-235;
Eff. February 1, 1976,
Readopted Eff. December 5, 1977;
Amended Eff. September], 1990.
15A NCAC 18A .1615 VERMIN CONTROL: PREMISES
(a) Effective measures shall be taken to keep insects, rodents, and other vermin out of the residential care facility
and to prevent their breeding, harborage, or presence on the premises. The premises shall be kept neat, clean,
adequately drained, and free of litter and vermin harborage. All openings to the outer air shall be effectively
protected against the entrance of flying insects by screens, closed doors, closed windows, or other effective means.
(b) Only those pesticides shall be used which have been approved for a specific use and properly registered with the
Environmental Protection Agency and with the North Carolina Department of Agriculture. Such pesticides shall be
used as directed on the label and shall be so handled and stored as to avoid health hazards.
History Note: Authority G.S. 130A-235;
Eff. February 1, 1976,
Readopted Eff. December 5, 1977;
Amended Eff. July 1, 1984.
15A NCAC 18A .1616 STORAGE: MISCELLANEOUS
(a) Rooms or spaces which are provided and used for the storage of clothing, personal effects, luggage, necessary
equipment and supplies and for items not in routine use, shall be kept clean.
(b) Pesticides, herbicides and other substances which may be hazardous if ingested, inhaled, or handled, shall be
stored in a closet, cabinet or box not accessible to young children unless otherwise required in the rules of the
licensing agency.
(c) Household cleaning agents such as bleaches, detergents and polishes shall be stored out of the reach of young
children unless otherwise required in the rules of the licensing agency.
(d) Medications shall be stored in a separate cabinet, closet or box not accessible to young children unless otherwise
required in the rules of the licensing agency.
History Note: Authority G.S. 130A-235;
Eff. February 1, 1976;
Readopted Eff. December 5, 1977,
Amended Eff. September], 1990.
15A NCAC 18A .1617 BEDS: LINEN: FURNITURE Y
(a) All furniture, mattresses, curtains, draperies, and other furnishings shall be kept clean and in good repair.
(b) Clean bed linen in good repair shall be provided for each resident and shall be changed when soiled.
(c) Clean linen shall be stored and handled in a sanitary manner and separate from soiled linen.
History Note: Authority G.S. 130A-235;
Eff. February 1, 1976;
Readopted Eff. December 5, 1977;
Printed by NC DENA DEH Environmental Health Services August 18, 2003 Page 4

NC Department of Environment and Natural Resources TI SA: 18A .3200
Amended Eff. September 1, 1990.
15A NCAC 18A .1618 FOOD SERVICE UTENSILS AND EQUIPMENT
(a) All equipment and utensils shall be so constructed as to be easily cleaned and shall be kept in good repair. All
surfaces with which food or drink comes in contact shall, in addition, be easily accessible for cleaning, nontoxic,
corrosion -resistant, nonabsorbent, and free of open crevices. Disposable articles shall be made from nontoxic
materials.
(b) All multi -use eating and drinking utensils shall be thoroughly cleaned after each usage, and the facilities needed
for the operations of washing and rinsing shall be provided.
(c) All pots, pans and other utensils. used in the preparation or serving of food or drink, and all food storage utensils,
shall be thoroughly cleaned after each use. Cooking surfaces of equipment, if any, shall be cleaned at least once
each day. Non -food -contact surfaces of equipment shall be cleaned at such intervals as to keep them in a clean and
sanitary condition.
(d) No polish or other substance containing cyanide or other poisonous material shall be used for the cleaning or
polishing of eating or cooking utensils.
(e) All cloths used in the kitchen shall be clean. Disposable items shall be used only once.
(f) All containers and clean utensils shall be stored in a clean place. Containers and clean utensils shall be covered,
inverted, stored in tight, clean cabinets, or otherwise stored in such a manner as to prevent contamination. After
cleaning and until use, food -contact surfaces of equipment shall be protected from contamination. Utensils shall be
handled in such a manner as to prevent contamination.
(g) Disposable utensils shall be purchased only in sanitary containers, shall be stored therein in a clean, dry place
until used, and shall be handled in a sanitary manner.
(h) Acceptable facilities for washing multi -use eating and drinking utensils, and pots, pans and other cooking
utensils, include 2-section residential sinks, in counters. It is not necessary that such sinks be deep enough to permit
immersion of large utensils.
(i) Acceptable storage facilities include residential kitchen cabinets, which should be kept clean and free of vermin.
History Note: Authority G.S. 130A-235;
Eff. February 1, 1976;
Readopted Eff. December 5, 1977,
Amended Eff. September], 1990.
15A NCAC 18A .1619 FOOD SUPPLIES
(a) All food, including milk and milk products, shall be clean, wholesome, free from spoilage, free from
adulteration and misbranding, and safe for human consumption.
(b) If non-acid or low -acid home -canned foods are used, they shall be boiled for ten minutes in order to destroy any
toxin that may have been produced by bacteria surviving the canning process.
History Note: Authority G.S. 130A-235;
Eff. February 1, 1976,
Readopted Eff. December 5, 1977;
Amended Eff. September], 1990.
15A NCAC 18A .1620 FOOD PROTECTION
(a) All foods, while being stored, prepared, served, and during transportation, shall be protected from
contamination. All perishable foods shall be stored at such temperatures as will protect against spoilage. All
potentially hazardous food shall be maintained at safe temperatures (45° F. or below, or 140° F. or above) except
during necessary periods of preparation and serving. Frozen food shall be kept at such temperatures as to remain
frozen, except when being thawed for preparation or use. Potentially hazardous frozen food shall be thawed at
refrigerator temperatures of 45° F. or below; or quick -thawed as part of the cooking process; or by a method
approved by the sanitarian. An indicating thermometer shall be located in each refrigerator. Raw fruits and
vegetables shall be washed thoroughly before use. Ground beef and foods containing ground beef shall be cooked to
an internal temperature of at least 1550 F (680 C). Potentially hazardous foods that have been cooked and then
refrigerated shall be reheated rapidly to 165° F (74° C) or higher throughout before being served or before being
placed in a hot food storage facility, except that food in intact packages from regulated food manufacturing plants
may initially be reheated to 1400 F (60° Q. Stuffings, poultry, stuffed meats and poultry, and pork and pork
products, shall be thoroughly cooked before being served. Salads made of meat, poultry, potatoes, fish, shellfish, or
Printed by NC DENR, DEH Environmental Health Services August 18, 2003 Page 5

NC Department of Environment and Natural Resources T15A: 18A .3200
eggs, and other potentially hazardous prepared food shall be prepared, preferably from chilled products, with a
minimum of manual contact, and on surfaces and with utensils which are clean. Portions of food once served to an
individual shall not be served again..
(b) Live pets shall not be allowed in any room or area in which food is prepared or stored. Live pets, unless caged
and restricted from the immediate eating area, shall not be allowed in any room or area in which food is served.
(c) Refrigeration facilities, hot food storage facilities, and effective insulated facilities, shall be provided as needed
to assure the maintenance of all food at required temperatures during storage, preparation, and serving.
(d) Containers of food shall be stored above the floor, on clean racks, shelves, or other clean surfaces, in such a
manner as to be protected from splash and other contamination.
History Note: Authority G.S. 130A-235;
Eff. February 1, 1976,
Readopted Eff' December 5, 1977,
Amended Eff. October 1, 1993; September 1, 1990.
15A NCAC 18A .1621 FOOD SERVICE PERSONS
(a) All persons, while preparing or serving food or washing equipment or utensils, shall wear clean outer garments,
and conform to proper hygienic practices. They shall wash their hands thoroughly before starting work and as often
as necessary to remove soil and contamination. After visiting a toilet room, such persons shall wash their hands
thoroughly in a lavatory and in no case in the kitchen sink. They shall not use tobacco in any form while preparing
or serving food.
(b) No person who has a communicable or infectious disease that can be transmitted by foods, or who is a carrier of
organisms that cause such a disease, or who has a boil, infected wound, or an acute respiratory infection with cough
and nasal discharge, shall work in food service in any capacity in which there is a likelihood of such person
contaminating food or food -contact surfaces, with disease -causing organisms or transmitting the illness to other
persons.
History Note: Authority G.S. 130A-235;
Eff. February 1, 1976;
Readopted Eff. December 5, 1977,
Amended Eff. September], 1990.
15A NCAC 18A .1622 SEVERABILITY
If any provision of this Section, or the application thereof to any person or circumstance is held invalid, the
remainder of these Rules or the application of such provision to other persons or circumstances, shall not be affected
thereby.
History Note: Authority G.S. 130A-235;
Eff. February 1, 1976;
Readopted Eff. December S, 1977.
Painted by NC DENR, DEH Environmental Health Services August 18, 2003 Page 6

N.C. Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Division of Environmental Health
Inspection of
Residential Care Facility
(For facilities, as defined, with
Demerit Score:
Health Department
Date of Insp/ChB Current Facility ID — — — — — _
Status Code:
Old Facility ID
not more than 12 residents) — — — — — —
Water Supply: 1❑ Community 0 Non -Transient Non -Community Water sample taken today? ❑ Yes ❑ No
0 Transient Non -Community ® Non -Public Water Supply ❑1 Inspection ❑ Name Change
Re -Inspection ❑ Verification of Closure
Wastewater System:OCommunity QOn-Site System ❑V Visit ❑ StamsChange
Name of Establishment:
Location Address:
City:
Classification:
❑ Approved (20 or less demerits, and no 6-point demerits)
❑ Provisional (More than 20, but 40 or less demerits, or a 6-point demerit)
State: NC Zip:
Permittee•
Number of Re
MailingAddr.
City:
State: _Zip:
❑ Disapproved (Mote than 40 demerits or failure to improve provisional classification)
1. WATER SUPPLY: Public supply; private supply approved 6(.1611)................................
2. LIQUID WASTES: Sewage and other liquid wastes disposed of by approved method 6
(.1613)...........................................................................................................................................
3. FOOD SUPPLIES AND PROTECTION:
Supplies: All food clean, wholesome, no spoilage 6 (.1619)....... ....................................
Protection: Adequate during storage, preparation and serving, potentially hazardous food 450F
or below, or 140eF or above 5; all refrigerators with thermometers 2; pork, ground beef products,
poultry and stuffings, etc., thoroughly cooked; meat and poultry salad, potato salad, etc., handled
as required, no re -serving ofportions once served to an individual 4; food containers stored above
floor and protected from contamination 2; pets and other animals not allowed where food is
prepared or stored, nor in serving area (unless caged or otherwise restricted) 4 (.1620) ...........
4. FOOD SERVICE UTENSILS AND EQUIPMENT: Food service utensils and equipment in good
repair and kept clean 4; eating and drinking utensils clean to sight and touch, cleaned after each
use; approved facilities 4; clean utensils property stored 2; substances containing poisonous
material not used for cleaning or polishing eating or cooking utensils 6; disposable items
properly stored and handled, used only once 2 (.1618)...............................................................
5. FOOD SERVICE PERSONS: Clean clothes, hands, and work habits 4 (.1621)
6. DRINKING WATER FACILITIES: ICE HANDLING: Common drinking cups not used 4; ice, if
provided, handled and dispensed in a sanitary manner 2 (.1612)................................................
7. HOT AND COLD WATER: Adequate hot and cold water piped to points of use 4 (.1611) ...........
8. TOILET: HANDWASHING: LAUNDRY AND BATHING FACILITIES: Toilet, lavatory and
bathing facilities adequate 4; fixtures in good repair and kept clean 2; soap and towels provided
2(.1610)........................................................................................................................................
9. BEDS: LINEN: FURNITURE: All furniture, mattresses, linen, drapes, blinds and similar items in
good repair and clean 2; bed linen changed as required 2; clean and soiled linens properly stored
andhandled 2(.1617)....................................................................................................................
10. STORAGE: MISCELLANEOUS: Rooms orareasprovided forstorage ofclothes, personal effects,
luggage, supplies and equipmentkept clean 2; medications, cleaningsupplies, pesticides and other
hazardous products properly stored as required 4 (.1616)............................................................
11. FLOORS: In good repair 1; kept clean 2 (.1607).........................................................................
12. WALLS AND CEILINGS: In good repair 1; kept clean 2 (.1608).............................................
13. LIGHTING AND VENTILATION: Windows and fixtures in good repair (;.kept clean 2 (.1609)
14. VERMIN CONTROL:PREMISES: Outside openings effectively screened or otherwise protected
against entrance of flying insects, and flying insects absent 4; effective control of rodents and
other vermin 4; approved pesticides properly used 4; premises neat, clean, drained and free oflitter
and vermin harborages and breeding areas 2 (.1615)...................................................................
15. SOLIDWASTES: Garbage in standard containers, properlycovered and stored, approverldisposal
4; containers, storage area kept clean 2; dry rubbish in suitable receptacles, approved storage and
disposal2 (.1614)..........................................................................................................................
Rept Received by:
TOTAL DEMERITSCORE
Demerits
COMMENTS
Inspection by: EHS I.D.#
Purpose: General Statute 130A-235 requires the Comrdssion for Health Services to adopt rules governing the saturation of institutions. ISA NCAC I SA .1605 specifies the contents of an inspection form
to record the results of inspections made of residential care facilities. This form is to be used in making inspections of residential can: facilities. Preparation: Local environmental health specialists sbell
complete the form every time they conduct an inspection. Prepare an original and three copies for. 1. Original to the person in charge. 2. One copy for the s a supervising is u Beery (or more North
requested). 3. Copy
for the local health Resources.
Additional
Disposition: Please refer m Records Retention f and Disposition Schedule for Cl Service Cent Health Departments which is 01 the North Carolina Division
of Historical Resources. Additional farms may be ordered from: Division of Environmental Health, 1630 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, NC 27699-1630, (Courier 52-OI-00)
DENR 2094 (Remised 08/03) / Enviros tal Health Services Section (Review 0/06)

I
STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
Michael F. Easley, Governor
NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT
AND NATURAL RESOURCES
William G. Ross, Jr., Secretary
DIVISION OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SERVICES SECTION
974 copies of this document were printed at a total cost of $ 457.45 or $ .47 each.
All Environmental Health Rules can be accessed at the following website:
www.deh.enr.state.nc.us/ehs/rules.htm

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Page 1
<May the words of my mouth and the meditation of my heart be pleasing in Your sight, oh Lord,
my Rock and my Redeemer>
My name is Gay Pleasant. I live at 1268 Painter Road in
Prospect Hill, a little less than two miles from the site of the
proposed rock quarry. Our Methodist Church is directly
across from the proposed quarry site on Ridgeville Road.
In late summer, we heard rumors that a quarry was being
considered in the area, and that there would be an
informational session being held at the fire department on
Sept. 11. The local paper published notice of this meeting ON
Sept. 11, and the newspaper didn't reach us in Prospect Hill
until the day after, so many people didn't know about it.
The meeting did not go well.
They were reluctant to answer the group's questions about the
effect an enormous quarry would have on our water wells and
nearby water sources.
We were sent scrambling to try to find out the track record of
this company, who told us at the informational meeting that
their motto was "do the right thing", and that they always seek
to be a "good neighbor".
What was uncovered was far from the "good neighbor" image
Sunrock wants to promote.
Instead, this company seems to have a track record of
steamrolling vulnerable rural counties, taking advantage of

Page 2
the lack of proper zoning restrictions and overruling the
wishes of the local citizens. This has happened again and
again - in Louisburg, Butner, Person County's Woodsdale site,
and now they are trying it here.
The comments of citizens speaking at commissioner's
meetings were dismissed by an attorney representing the
quarry as "not expert, not material, or substantive", because
they are not mining industry insiders or paid -for experts.
Now the burden of proof is on us to prove that this company
will violate or has violated one of the criteria in the Mining Act
Of 1971.
Others will speak/have spoken on the flaws of the Piedmont
Geologic hydrological study in Sunrock's application, how it
overlooked the indication of mercury in one of the wells that
would be pumped, and how it "underpredicted" the serious
issue of water supply drawdown, which is an high risk for
damage to our wells. The company application does not
address how the disruption and damage to the water supply
would be prevented. It is my understanding that this
company has not had a facility in such close proximity to a
municipal water source.
The company should not be allowed to endanger a vital
component that every property owner in the area depends
upon, and the permit should be denied based on these issues.

Page 3
The hearing notification letter sent by the DEQ said that the
issue of the effect of a quarry on property values was outside
of your jurisdiction. I would like to point out that a home
seller is required to fill out a disclosure statement - in this
statement, the homeowner must disclose if there is any noise,
odor, smoke etc. from commercial, industrial or military
sources which affects the property. This would be the status
quo for residences near a quarry.
However, the serious possibility of water supply drawdown
that was - some say - "underpredicted" in the hydrological
study by Piedmont Geologic, as well as the question of
mercury in one of the wells - if this happens, it becomes an
out of the ordinary issue that must be disclosed if someone
living nearby decides to try to sell their house.
What kind of a neighbor endangers everyone's water supply so
they can make money?
The basic principle being violated here is that people have the
right to the peaceful enjoyment of their property.
They have a right to feel safe in their homes, and to have a
dependable water source.
If they have chosen to live in a rural setting, and made the
personal sacrifices necessary to set up a home there, they have

Page 4
a reasonable expectation to be able to enjoy the natural peace
and quiet of that setting.
Carolina Sunrock, the reason there's so much resistance to
your plan is because you are trying to locate in the wrong
place. This area is suited to agricultural business and rural
residential living, NOT HEAVY INDUSTRY.
To the DEQ: please act in the public interest, and deny this
permit.
No company, no matter their financial interest, no matter how
big and organized it is, no matter its power or industry insider
connections, should be able to take these property rights away
from the people of Caswell County.
Thank you.
Gay Gasper Pleasant
1268 Painter Road
Prospect Hill, NC 27314
------------------------------------
"There are few issues or costs that can override the ability of any operation
to be profitable and successful. The only thing that can force us to
lock the front gate are the people who live around us" - Jim Smack,
President Vulcan Materials Mid -East Division
from quarryacademy.com

9"V't�t/9
Good Stewards of Rockingham
PO Box 592
Stoneville, NC 27048
Steven(a)Dan Riverkeeper.org
Comments on the Proposed
Carolina Sunrock Quarry
Prospect Hill, NC
NCDEQ Hearing 11/04/2019
As Good Stewards of Rockingham/Dan Riverkeeper, we do not take a particular stand
for/against most projects, constructions or improvements but rather perform due diligence to
research dangers to cur environment and listen to our residents, neighbors and friends. By
researching and repro senting concerns for our land, air, water and way of life we may inform our
region of potential dangers and help their voices be heard. Our interests and concerns for this
project are following tiis introduction but in no way should represent our organization as anti
business c:r indurtry. As good stewards of our Earth, we are committed to protecting the
environment for our n:sidents and the generations to come.
=rom the NCDEQ, The Department may deny such permit upon finding:
1. That any requirerient of this Article or any rule promulgated hereunder will be violated
by the proposed operation;
2. That We operation will have unduly adverse effects on potable ground water supplies,
w Idlife, or fresh water, estuarine, or marine fisheries;
Current or recent info •mation for endangered plant and animal species is unavailable for the
proposed site. The residents, wildlife and environmental biodiversity would benefit from a third
party environmental ifnpact assessment to identify any potential endangered, threatened or
special concern spec es. Endangered species such as the Roanoke Logperch (percina rex) and
others have previous['✓ been identified in Caswell County. Though the parcel area in question
does not contain wate rbodies that may sustain life such as the Percina Rex, the watershed in
which the broject are;, feeds is a viable candidate. An increase in turbidity due to erosion and
stormwate'rs'an&2he :hance of chemical spills, no matter the severity or timeframe, can greatly
impact the current an i/or potential for a healthy population for aquatic and land dwelling wildlife.
(Note the project are4 has plans for fuel storage alone in amounts upwards of 100,000 gallons.
Totals of up to 19ZOL 0 gallons of used oil, fuel and other chemicals combined in 14 tanks)
The prope§ed site ha ; been recently logged and displays poor management practices that have
already impacted the biodiversity of the site, including wetlands and streams.

The residents in the it ipacted area are all currently supplied potable water from private wells of
depths between 100-:!00+'. Surface water sources are also used by livestock. The estimated
average depth of mining by Carolina Sunrock is 70' with depth maximum at 550', well below the
average well depth ofthe surrounding residents.6he quality and quantity of available
groundwater to privaO wells may be altered or compromised by the intended digging/blasting
operations in the quarry. 50 residents live within 1,000 feet of the proposed site and 70 residents
within a m'le]
Accidents and mi�har'dling of explosives could lead to toxic perchlorate contamination in the
groundwater supply, t iough studies showing amounts caused due directly to charges are
ongoing. (GeoSyntec Consultants for the Strategic Environmental Research and Development
Program (3ERDP) Arington, Virginia)
3. That the operatio'1 will violate standards of air quality, surface water quality, or ground
water duality which have been promulgated by the Department;
Quarry digging/blastir g depths exceed that of the nearby 71 domestic wells. The potential to
compromise public/pr vate water sources is possible by reducing the water table during quarry
construction and opeiation-)
South Hyco Creek, hEtadwaters to Roxboro Lake (the supplemental water supply for Roxboro,
NC's 8,000 consumers), is approximately 1,000 feet from the boundary of the proposed site.
The amount of water ";onsumed per day by the operation (3 Million gallons) combined with the
amount of storm and''wastewater discharge are risky cumulative impacts to the water supply of
thousands of people."
Roxboro Lake itsalf li,rs just 871 feet from the Northeast corner of the proposed quarry site.
These wafers are de(med WS-II, High Quality Waters. Any incident by accident, weather or
negligence related we uld almost certainly impact the surface and/or ground water quality.
4. That the operaton will constitute a direct and substantial physical hazard to public
health and saf6ty or to a neighboring dwelling house, school, church, hospital,
commerclai or indu ;trial building, public road or other public property, excluding matters
relating to use of a public road;
-Residents and the public would be exposed to Blast Noise exceeding 130 dBl and Peak
Particle Velocity exceeding .8 in/sec. (Vibra-Tech: Predicted Ground Vibration and Air
Overpressure Proposed Prospect Hill, NC Location for Carolina Sunrock, 914119) Noise
comparison chart atte'ched as Appendix D. _
Blasting;'
Potential rbr Cosmetf, Damage to Private Property and Impacts to Resident's Health

to Whole Foods. Dust, and particulate matter could also pose an impact to this grass-fed beef
operation.
Noise from blasting aid daily operations from quarries can cause both short and long term
health impacts for res'dents as listed above under Blasting
Residents.`currently o, =pying homes on Ridgeville Rd have expressed interest and concern of
the effect of quarry re ated noise on pollinators and seed dispersing wildlife such as honey bees
and birds. Multiple stL`dies have shown negative impacts on pollinators and seed dispersing
wildlife caused by me i made noise pollution (National Evolutionary Synthesis Center 2012).
Impacts to pollinating ,and seed dispersing wildlife can cause ripple effects into the biodiversity
of the surrounding ar( as by limiting species of flora that require those species' help in
reproduction by both f)ollination and seed dispersion. Noise can impair the ability of insects and
mammals to navigate'
A poultry E-nd fertiliseiI egg farmer on Wrenn Road could also notice impacts to poultry habits,
diet and production in response to additional noises as mentioned in Appendix B.
Inhalation of Dust ai id Debris;
Residents living near the proposed quarry site would be more susceptible to inhalation of
particulate matter resulting from blasting, general operation, burning of fuels, machinery
operation and mainte fiance. The health effects of inhalable PM are well documented. Health
risks are due to expo: ure over both the short term (hours, days) and long term (months, years).
short -terra exposure, can result in coughing, shortness of breath, tightness in the chest and
irritation of the eyes. bong -term exposure can result in r r uced lung function, and respiratory
diseases such asp asthma, chronic obstructive pulmona Health Risks Associated with
Exposure ;o Airborne Pollutants Arising From Quarrying and Aggregate Processing disease
(COPD), lung cancer, emphysema, and aggravation of existing lung disease. Long term
exposure is also asscciated with an increased risk of allergies, cardiovascular disease and
autoimmuhe disease � PM exposure affects health adversely such that there is increased
absence from school and work, increased visits to emergency room and doctors' offices, and
hospitalizE tion. (See , attachment A for source information
Note the Following Fc r census tract 9306 (SE Caswell County, NC)
9
39% of the area pop, elation is considered
at risk to adverse heaith impacts from PM
Justice Mapping Tool,
Dependant (<18 or 65+ years old) and would be more
exposure. ( Statistic Source: NCDEQ Environmental
•The area in question already has double the state average for hospitalizations due to asthma,
leaving them at even more of a risk to PM exposure. (Region avg 187, State avg 90; Region avg
62 for ages 0-14, Sta; a avg is 28; Source: NCDEQ Environmental Justice Mapping Tool)

-The area in question has a slightly higher average for cancer deaths that State average,
leaving them at a slightly higher risk to PM exposure. (Region avg of 176, State avg of 169;
Source: NCDEQ Environmental Justice Mapping Took
i•The area in question has a 37% minority population (Source: NCDEQ Environmental Justice
Mapping loot)
-The area •in•question,already statistically displays higher child mortality rates, higher preterm
birth rates and higher, infant death rates than State averages. (Source: NCDEQ Environmental
Justice Mapping Tool,
t
Inhalation of Toxins.,
The proposed site for,the quarry in question in surrounded by occupied, residential parcels and
signs of recent deforestation are present, offering little buffer for nearby homes. Gaseous
byproducts produced immediately following a blast may not be of concern to workers wearing
the appropriate PPE I -ut little protection is available to the surrounding homeowners. The CDC
lists multiple gaseous byproducts, such as CO and NOx, that are present after a blast and can
be dangerous to thos ; in the immediate vicinity as well as hundreds of feet away. Highly toxic
Nitrous Dioxide and It ss lethal Carbon Monoxide are of specific concern.
From CDC:.gov "For C O, the danger lies with the gas that remains in the ground after the blast.
This CO will be relea::ed during loading'operations or may migrate hundreds of feet through the
ground an collect in -onfined spaces. Since 1988, there have been eighteen documented
incidents of CO migrEtion in the United States and Canada; the confined space typically being a
home and'in one case a sewer manhole vault (NIOSH, 1998), (Eltschlager, Schuss, Kovalchuk,
2001), (NIOSH, 200T.-, and (Santis, 2001). There have been thirty-nine suspected or medically
verified carbon mono`:ide poisonings, with one fatality. In one incident in Kittanning,
Pennsylvania, blastin,) fumes traveled 450 feet from a coal strip mine into a home, poisoning a
couple and their baby. Fortunately, all three recovered following treatment in a hyperbaric
chamber (Eltschlager et al. 2001) and (NIOSH, 2001)."
Traffic
The proposed quarryWould bring a significant amount of additional traffic to the rural area.
Highway 86 is an' NC Scenic Byway (Dan River Basin Association: Heritage Trails Master Plan,
Caswell County). Op6rational activities at the facility could take place early or late into the
evenings depending tin job sources and workload which would take an obvious toll on residents
who are content with 'he current setting of their community. Similar facilities can operate 24
hours per day depending on job requirements.
The additi'')r.al traffic )f machinery and dump/transport trucks would greatly contribute to the
dust and particulate r tatter concerns listed above. Most of the current residents in the impacted

For blast reference to, -generalized human response and transient vibrations, .5 in/sec is the
threshold for"Strongh° Perceptible" and 1.0 in/sec being the threshold for "Severe". (Wiss and
Parmalee, 1974)
Typically tlae; human t ody can detect PPV on the order of 0.2 mm/s (.007 in/sec) with clearly
perceptible levels at 1.0 mm/s (.039 in/sec). The PPV needed to cause cosmetic building
damage tc ordinary sl'ructures varies among the different Standards worldwide but is typically in
the range 5-50 mm/s'!(.19-1.9 in/sec) (International Standard Organisation IS0101371992;
British Standard BST?851993, German Standard DIN4150 1993).
The.U.S. Bureau of Nines studied blast produced ground vibrations from surface mining to
assess its damage and annoyance potential during the 1970s and 1980s (Siskind et al. 1980,
Stagg at af. 1984). The threshold level fo osmetic d mage to residential construction was
found to bs in the ran fe of 12-50 mm/ ( .47-1.9 in/s) a d quite frequency dependent.Lrhe
report also noted that; residents response a oyance to blast vibrations was aggravated by
secondary noises suc h as walls rattling and was at a level significantly below the levels needed
to cause damage)
CKamperman; Nicholson and Zak (1976) emphasize that, although structural damage will usually
not result from peak particle velocities of less than two inches per second, velocities of one inch
per second will produ ;e vibrations in a building which will be subjectively regarded as
intolerable] Peak partole velocities as low as .2 in/sec can be viewed as unpleasant or annoying
by some p6lople. Kan''perman, Nicholson and Zak state that the resonance buildup in some
structures can increa:;e the amplitude of ground vibrations by a factor of from two to over six (p.
Typical impacts to res)dents in communities surrounding a quarry where blasting takes place
include annoyance, steep disturbance, fear, anxiety, reduced quality of life, loss of aesthetic
value and cardiovascular effects. Sleep disturbance is an individual health effect but may lead to
other health impacts e;uch as mood changes, fatigue and other impaired functions. Exposure to
noise can impair cogt itive development in children, and children living in areas with high noise
levels hava been four:d to show signs of stress related anxiety, nervousness and diminished
motivatiori. (Dr. Eoin , Ung, Professor of Mechanical Engineering with a concentration in
Acoustics of the Univ Srsity of Hartford)
Noise;
[Noise and vibrations from blasting and quarry operations can cause adverse harm to domestic
pets, wildl1e and live, tock) cattle commonly graze in the area surrounding the proposed quarry
site and operations of the quarry can impact th quality of cattle products and the cattle farmer's
profits. (Site appendl., B) In reference nearb-Ba[Zin Farms, large business who is a supplier

area own at least one'animal, domestic or farm. The sudden increase of traffic (and noise)
would be of concern b the rural community members and their pets/animals.
5. That the operation will have a significantly adverse effect on the purposes of a
publicly-owned'park, forest or recreation area;
-NC Ni �►hway 86 is deemed/will be continued as NC Scenic Byway
-We recommend the-,ounty of Caswell and NCDEQ research more into the potential to plan or
current plan � for trails in Caswell County. lE Mountains to Sea Trail extension.
- ti
6. That .,wevious e:'cperience with similar operations indicates a substantial possibility
that the c psration VIIIII result in substantial deposits of sediment in stream beds or lakes,
landslides, or acid water pollution; or
-See Appendix C, NCDENR Notice of Violation
NOV-2090-SS0036, DWQ Project 98-0592 and
DWQ Project 06-1404; Kitrell Quarry
7. That the applicant or any parent, subsidiary, or other affiliate of the applicant or parent
has not been in sub,.;tantial compliance with this Article, rules adopted under this Article,
or other laws or rules of this State for the protection of the environment or, has not
corrected •all viola ions that the applicant or any parent, subsidiary, or other affiliate of
the applicant nr parent may have committed under this Article or rules adopted under
this Article and that result in:
a. Revocation of his permit,
Y b.=orfeiture of part -or all of his bond or other security,
c' Conviction of a misdemeanor under G.S. 74-64, or
d. Any other court c,rder issued under G.S. 74-64, or e. Final assessment of a civil penalty
under G.S. 74-64.

Prepared by
Steven Pulliam
Dan Riverkeeper
President, Good Stewards of Rockingham
i
Sources cite l in this document and appendices are found to be in good standing
ar d accurate to the best of knowledge at the time of writing.

Appendix.
Health Risks Associated with Exposure to Airborne Pollutants
Arising From Quarrying and Aggregate Processing
What is Particulate Matter (PM)?
Generally, PM comprises two kinds of microscopic particles, mineral (silica and other minerals
from rock processing), and hydrocarbon and soot from the exhaust of industrial equipment and
trucks that are heavily utilized in the quarrying industry. PM is classified into size ranges. The
PM of interest in terms of health risks are those that are very small, invisible to the naked eye,
and are referred to as, PM2.5 and PM10. PM2.5 comprises particles -2.5 micrometers in size,
PM10 comprises partcles —10 micrometers in size. PM2.5 and PM10 are invisible to the naked
eye, and are easily curried in wind currents, can remain airborne for long periods of time, and
can be carried up to Z0 miles (PM10) or hundreds of miles (PM2.5) from the source.
C PM,,
Combustion particles, organic
Human hair compounds, metals, etc.
50-70 pm < 2.5 pm (microns) in diameter
ons) in diameter — ,
`PM.
Dust, pollen, mold, etc.
10 pm (microns) in diameter
Fine teach sand
i 90 pm (microns) In diameter
Wha`: are the health risks associated with exposure to PM?
PM10 and PM2.5 a4 particles that are small enough to penetrate the delicate lining of the
respiratory system following inhalation. The health effects of inhalable PM are well documented.
Health risks are due t) exposure over both the short term (hours, days) and long term (months,
years). Short-term eposure can result in coughing, shortness of breath, tightness in the chest
and irritation of the eyes. Long-term exposure can result in reduced lung function, and
respiratory diseases r,uch as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary Health Risks Associated
with Exposure to Airborne Pollutants Arising From Quarrying and Aggregate Processing disease
(COPD), lung cancer, emphysema, and aggravation of existing lung disease. Long term
exposure is also asscciated with increased risk of allergies, cardiovascular disease and
autoimmune disease. PM exposure affects health adversely such that there is increased
absence from school and work, increased visits to emergency room and doctors' offices, and

hospitalization. The $lure below shows a more comprehensive listing of health risks from
PM2.5 exposure. Epidemiological studies also have documented a significant association
between PM exposun'; and mortality.
Health effects of PM2,5 exposure
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• NMuukro[ItixMrrxM prerevdon
and OlWbdulbrr OldprMf
• EndwM1elNldyzlunrlwn
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Phi health impacts. Ammn. Nov 2015 HEAL 2013
1
Who is at risk from exposure to PM?
Susceptible groups w th pre-existing lung or heart disease, as well as children and the elderly,
are partici larly vulnerable. (39%p of the population in the area is considered dependant,
meaning they are unc er the age of 18 or 65+)
How n'iuch exposure to PM is considered potentially harmful?
There is no evidence of a safe level of exposure or a threshold below which no adverse health
effects occur. Exposu-e is influenced by proximity to the source, i.e., close proximity will incur
higher exposure and 'igher risk, and by the time of exposure. Other factors include winds and
weather conditions.
Sources: I'Vorld Healt.l Organization: Health Impacts of Particulate Matter; EPA: Particle
Pollution end Your He alth; Kings College Particulate Matter and Health; Northern Arizona
University. What is P: rticulate Matter. Credits: R Keith Randolph PhD

i Appendix B
,t
Effects of noise on cattle performance
Dr Salgh Hamed Esmail, Published by the Dairy Global Network
11/23/17
Measurement and acceptable levels of noise
The noise intensity associated with any of the above -mentioned sources is best measured in
decibels (dB.) using a sonometer. It can also be measured using various mathematical equations
using capacity (in kilowatts, kW), power efficiency, and other electromechanical properties of the
device or 6gUiprribnt. !This latter method is not generally used for farm applications, particularly
when noise is genera?ed by external sources of unknowri technical properties. Cattle may
v
tolerate moderate levels of noise and may easily adapt to an intensity level of 60-90 dB. Above
this level, however, the animals are severely affected to a various extent depending on the
factors mentioned above. Under the same condition, the effects of noise on various production
parameters of cattle may also vary depending on whether the animals are exposed to noise on
continuous or on an ir'itermittent basis. In the latter case, animals are more severely affected as
f11
they do not have the chance to adapt to the noise.
Noise and feed intake
Frequent exposure to noise may affect the secretory activity of the adrenal cortex. In this way,
the animal may have little motivation to eat due to the resulting slower passage of digested
feed, distension of thy; foregut, and the delayed entry of digested feed into the small intestines,
thereby contributing to a lower -than -expected rate of body weight gain. Behaviour changes may
also contribute to the reduced feed intake. As indicated earlier, grazing cows equipped with bells
tend to debreas&-'hea�i movements to avoid generation of the sound, thereby reducing the
amount of.pasture plr nts consumed.
Noise and metabolic processes
Free radicals such as: malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione
peroxidase (G-Px) arp produced during normal metabolism. Under excessive noise, however,
the levels of these fre'-a radicals may increase to the point where the enzyme antioxidative
capacity is insufficient -I to alleviate their effects. The increased level of such products is an
indication of the damc:ge to polyunsaturated fatty acids, which initiate the lipid peroxidation
reactions to other metabolic changes that might be toxic to cellular components.
Effects of noise on the endocrine system

Under conditions of n.Ase stress, the adrenal gland will produce smaller amounts of cyclic
adenosine monophosn-)hate (cAMP), which is believed to moderate some harmful responses. It
has also been reported that production of glucocorticoids is elevated by excessive noise. This
should givz rise to a rapid breakdown of glycogen in the muscle cells, leading to a decline in pH
and a delay in the terniperature drop after slaughter, both of these factors are responsible for
pale, soft, exudative (:ISE) meat. Further, reproductive hormones, such as estrogen and
t. ;
progesterone, have been found to respond adversely to noise generated by low -flying aircraft.
3
Noise and reproduc`�ion
Like water stress and"heat stress, chronic noise stress (100 dB or above) also affects the male
sex hormone and produces changes in the reproductive organs and glands. Noise stress
provokes an increase in serum corticosteroid, which causes up to 80% decline in testosterone
concentration. Low to -1tosterone production adversely affects the quality of ejaculates and
subsequent fertility. The decrease in testosterone level is also associated with the marked
reduction in epididymis sperm number. Moreover, the epididymis sperms are agglutinated upon
exposure to noise an( I the number of dead sperms also increases. Such changes are in most
cases irreversible an(' noise -induced infertility may thus last for the entire reproductive cycle of
the male animals. Thy. effects of noise on the reproductive functions of females have not yet
been established, but,,a great deal of work has been done in this area on laboratory animals.
The ovaries and the terus diminished significantly in female rats after a noise exposure of 110
f
dB for five minutes lf.. times per day for 11 days at 375-500 Hz. Remaining oestrus occurs after
noise exposure as wE,ll. Increase in abortion frequency and foetus resorption, or reduction of
foetus weight have been also registered. The uterine blood flow, gas -interchange, nutrition and
;i
interchange of waste Products between foetus and mother are decreased. The reproductive
function of rats can also be affected by when exposed to noise stress. Studies have shown that
exposure of rats to tha noise of 50-80 kHz at 80-90 dB in the four days during the mating period
reduced fertility by 73.2 %. Exposure to 100 dB of 3-12 kHz for one minute during the four days
of copulation reduces=fertility by 70-80 %. Further research is, however, needed to determine
whether such effects "nay be observed -with cows kept in noisy environments.
Noise and milk pros' uction
In one study, dairy cows were exposed to sudden noise induced by exploding paper bags every
10 seconds for 2 minutes just prior to attaching the milking machine. This has resulted in an
immediate cessation :)f milk production, probably due to the increased adrenaline level and the
change of.other neurc�endocrine profiles following exposure to sudden noise. When the same
animals were expose'1 to a sudden high -intensity noise (110 dB), such as low altitude jet aircraft

overflights'at milking time, the effectiveness of the milk ejection reflex was reduced, and
decreased efficiency of milk removal and increased residual milk were also observed with an
overall reduction in m'Ik yield. However, with frequent exposure to high -intensity noise, the
response may not be -as negative. In support of this view, milk yield of dairy cows in an area of
frequent shnic booms (4-5 times per day) was similar to the yield of control dairy cows. With
high=inten city noise, t"Ie somatic cell count (SCC) increases, indicating a damage to
milk -producing tissue'in the udder caused either by toxins or loss of epithelial cells. The
increased cell count i ) also an indicator of the keeping ability of milk, its taste, and how well it
can be made into other dairy products such as yogurt or cheese. In extreme cases, i.e. milk with
an SCC of more than'-400,000 the milk is considered as being unfit for human consumption by
the European Union.
Noise anc• immunity.
Animals burn to moth•;rs in kept in the noisy environment had smaller thymus weights shortly
after birth, as well as 'ower serum IgG levels, indicating impairment of the secondary immune
response. Prenatally .,stressed animals displayed significant decreases in their humoral immune
responses (decreased numbers of T cells and decreases in phagocytic activity). These effects
appeared to be medic-ted by sex, with females generally more impaired than males.
Heterophil;-to-lymphocyte ratio (H:L) also increased under high -noise condition due to the
increased Telease of E-orticosterone. Animals with high H:L ratios have been subject to a variety
of diseases including `,iver damage. The noise -immunity relationship has been well established
in laboratory, anir;als,`and —again-further investigations are still needed to determine whether
such relationship exists in cattle and in other domestic animals.
Noise and animal behaviour
The follow*ng are some behavioural responses observed under high -noise conditions and
should thus he taken `3s indicators of stress promoting adaptive management practices to
ensure proper protecf'on and better performance:
• Animals may j amp when exposed to sudden very loud noise (139-143 dB), reduce
activity and remain huddled together for up to 30 minutes afterward.
• Animals may freeze into a motionless stance, but may afterward become aggressive.
• Animals may increase defecation and reduce both social activities and non-social
activities (sniffing, grooming or crawling).
• When the airc;;aft was 152 m above ground level, the cattle ran for less than 10 meters
and resumed �.iormal activity within one minute. Unexpected high -intensity noise, such

as low altitude; jet aircraft overflights (above 110 dB), at milking parlor, could provoke the
adverse behaviour, such as kicking or stomping. The noise threshold expected to cause
a behavioural .;esponse by cattle is 85 to 90 dB. Noises greater than threshold have
provoked retrE.at, freezing, or strong startle response.
• He;fers exposed to the noise from milking parlour show escape -type behaviours,
consistent witl� a fear response.
• Anmals respc;nd to helicopter flights by decreasing their time spent foraging and they
were the mostsensitive to disturbance during winter (43 % reduction in foraging
efficiency).
• Grazing animtAs are often disoriented and run away in response to helicopter
over -flights. 1-16wever, it was found that helicopter flights did not cause mothers to
abandon their -young, nor adversely affect their immediate or long-term welfare.
• Observations Noted that animals galloped in response to jet flyovers. Intensive flight
reactions, rarn iom movements, and biting/kicking behaviour were also displayed.

NC ENR
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Division of Water Quality
Beverly Eaves Perdue I Coleen H. Sullins Dee Freeman
Governor Director Secretary
July 22, 2010
CERTIFIED MAIL #7008.1140 0002 6736 5684
RETURN RECEIPT RE _UESTED
Mr. Tony Sample.
Carolina Sunrock; LLC
P.O. Box 25
Butner, NC 27509.
Subject: NOTICE OF VIOLATION
NOTIC E OF INTENT TO ENFORCE
NOV-200-SS-0036
DWQ P �oject # 98-0592 and DWQ Project # 06-1404
Kitrell Quarry
36.1750. )°N,-78.44049°W
Remove l of Best Usage
Other Waste (in -stream sediment)
Wetlanc Standards Violation
401 Wa'er Quality Certification Condition Violations
Tar-Pan`lico River Riparian Buffer Violations
Vance County
Dear Sir;
On July 15, 2010, Lauren Witherspoon from the Raleigh Regional Office of the Division of Water Quality
(DWQ) conducted a site in pection at the Kitrell Quarry located off east of US 1 and north of the Tar River in
`Vance County, North Carol na. The streams on the site are unnamed tributaries (UT) to the Tar River and the Tar
River, Class W(S-IV NSW i /aters in the Tar -Pamlico River Basin.
Accordingly, the following")bservations were noted during the DWQ file review and site inspection:
This site is covered under tt a General Permit No. NCG020000 to discharge stormwater, mine dewatering, and
process wastewater unter th*. National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System. The Kitrell Quarry was reissued
a Certificate of Coverage of February 7, 2005 (COC Number NCG02043 8).
On July 30, 1998, Carolina ,.'orporation submitted a Pre -Construction Notification (PCN) and Permit Application,
as well as supp using docur"entation, for Carolina Sunrock Corporation's proposed quarry (Kitrell Quarry). The
impacts were rE-quested unc' -.r U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Nationwide Permit 26 and the corresponding
General Water 'duality Cert �fication Number 3108 (GC3108). On August 24, 1998, DWQ issued a 401 Water
Quality Certification (WQC) (DWQ Project # 98-0592) for the proposed quarry as was described in the
application. This 401 WQC, authorized the construction of a sedimentation control impoundment and a
stromwater detention area impacting —0.82 acre of wetlands and associated stream channel (see Figure 2).
No o Carolina
atur AY
North Carolina Divisioi of Water Qualitty Raleigh Regional Office Surface Water Protection Phone [phone] Customer Service
tntemet:' www.ncwat(rquality.org 1828 Mail Service Center Raleigh, NC 27699-1628 FAX [phone].623-6748
An Fnrial r innrfeenitulAffirmothin dMinn r-mnlnvnr_ i;M BaHiriaAi4no4 one4 /`nne.1mar Donor

Kitrell Quarry
Page 2
On August 29,..2006, DWQ, received a PCN application and additional infomration on September 21, 2006 and
September 29,'2006 to wid '.n a road in the northwestern portion of the property. The impacts were requested
under U.S. Army.Corps of�3ngineers Nationwide Permit 14 and the corresponding GC3404. On November 9,
2006, DWQ issued a 401 VIQC (DWQ Project # 06-1404) to place fill within or otherwise impact 0.0328 acres of
e.tlnnd, 75 linear feet,of p ;rennial stream channel, and 975 square feet (ft) of Zone I of the Tar -Pamlico River
basin protected buffers andil,100 ftz or Zone 2 of the Tar -Pamlico River basin protected riparian buffers to
construct a crossing upgrade to access a rail load out facility.
During the site inspection Cie DWQ observed unathorized impacts including:
• Apprcximately 32) linear feet of stream channel had been impounded (see Figure 1) upstream of the
authotifed sedimetit control impoundment/stormwater detention pond (see Figure 2);
• Sediment deposition measuring 2-12 inches was observed in approximately 600 linear feet of stream
channel upstream . if this unauthorized impoundment. This portion of stream channel was also showing
signs of bank failu.-e and appeared to have been excavated in the past;
• A feature that is dt`picted on the Soil Survey of Vance County had been excavated approximately 320
linear feet upstream of the unauthorized impoundment;
• Approximately 100 feet of stream channel was impacted by sediment deposition downstream of Old
Chavis Road (SR i. 552). Approximately 5,000 square feet of Tar River Riparian Buffer was impacted by
approximately 3-6 inches of sediment at this location;
• Approximately 50'square feet (0.001 acre) of wetland had been impacted by sediment deposition
measuring approxi nately 5-10 inches in depth, east of the road that borders the railroad tracks;
• Diffuse flow was rot being maintained at multiple locations including, but not limited to: areas upstream
of the unauthorizer? pond, at the outfall at SR 1552, Basin 1, and Basin 2.
Figure 1:
conditions or- site
M1 �s�.i�m' r ..--___ ---- • , is
.`P ed Pond
Figure 2: Lower Pond Authorized in DWQ Project # 98-0592
As a result of the site inspection and file review, the following violations, described below, are noted:
Item I. Removal of Best Usage
The excavation and impoun ling of the streams without a 401 WQC is a violation of 15A NCAC 02B.0211 (2)
which reads as follows:
The waters shall be suitable for aquatic life propagation and maintenance of biological integrity, wildlife,
secondary recreation, and al'xiculture; sources of water pollution which preclude any of these uses on either a
short-term or long-term bas s shall be considered to be violating a water quality standard.
Item -II. Other Waste (in-,, tream sediment)
The documented in -stream : ediment deposition is a violation of 15A NCAC 02B .0211 (3)f which reads as
follows:

i
Kitrell Quarry ;
Page 3
Oils; deleteriou.; substances' colored or other wastes: only such amounts as shall not render the waters injurious to
public health, s-;condary recreation or to aquatic life and wildlife or adversely affect the palatability of fish,
aesthetic qualit;.., or impair t,ae waters for any designated uses.
i 4
Item III. Wetlands Stan& irds
The observed sediment depsition in the wetland is in violation of 15A NCAC 02B .0231 (b) which reads
as follows:
(1) Liquids, fill or other solids or dissolved gases may not be present in amounts which may cause
adverse impacts on existing' wetland uses;
5 Hydrological �ondition.'necess to support the biological and physical characteristics naturally
()�'Y PP g P Y
present in wetlands shall be.1protected to prevent adverse impacts on:
(C) ThP chemical, i utrient and dissolved oxygen regime of the wetland;
(D) The move.nient_of aquatic fauna;
(F) Water levels oralevations.
Item IV. 401 "Water Qual, ty Certification Condition Violations
The 401 WQC �DWQ Proje."A # 98-0592 approval letter specifies that the approval is only valid for the purpose
and design that you describ d in your application. If you change your project, you must notify DWQ and send us
a new application.
The'401 WQC*DWQ Prcje, it # 06-1404 states that the approval requires you to follow the conditions listed in the
attached certifi ration and aiy additional conditions Iisted below:
Condition 3:
No waste, spoil, solids, or fill of any kind shall occur in wetlands, waters, or riparian areas beyond the footprint of
the impacts depicted in the 404/401 Permit Application. All construction activities, including the design,
installation, operation, and maintenance of sediment and erosion control Best Management Practices, shall be
performed so that no violations of state water quality standards, statutes, or rules occur.
Condition 8: Diffuse Flow;:
All constructer~ stormwaterconveyance outlets shall be directed and maintained as diffuse flow at non -erosive
velocities through the proti-,ted stream buffers such that it will not re -concentrate before discharging into a stream
as identified w'thin 15 A WAC 2B .0233 (5).
Item V. Tar -Pamlico River Basin Riparian Buffer Violation
The Buffer Ru`,es apply to riparian buffers directly adjacent to surface waters in the Tar -Pamlico River Basin
(intermittent streams, perer'nial streams, lakes, ponds and estuaries). The protected buffer extends 50-feet
landward from -the landwar"l edge of coastal marsh (as identified by the Division of Coastal Management) or from
the top of bank: of any feati"re shown as surface waters on either a paper copy of the soil survey maps prepared by
the Natural Re;:o;irce Cons'.rvation Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture or the most recent version of
the 1:24000 scald quadrangle topographic maps prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey. The protected riparian
buffer has two�2ones: Zone*:l consists of a vegetated area that is undisturbed except for uses provided for in Item
(6) of this Rule (Title 15A " 1CAC 02B .0259); Zone 2 shall consists of a stable, vegetated area that is undisturbed
except for activities and ust S provided for in Item (6) of this Rule (Title 15A NCAC 02B .0259). The purpose of

Kitrell Quarry .
Page 4
these rules is to protect and preserve riparian buffers in the Tar -Pamlico River Basin to maintain the nutrient
removal functions of these 3treamside areas necessary to protect surface waters.
I5A NCAC 02B .0259 (4)
Zones 1 and 2 of the ripari{in buffer remain in vegetation that is undisturbed except for those uses provided for in
Item (6) of this Rule.
Tar -Pam Buffer — Diffuse. Flow
15A NCAC 02P .0259 (5)
Diffuse flow ot'runoff shalt; be maintained in the riparian buffer by dispersing -concentrated flow and
reestablishing-egetation.
Requested Retponse
You are directed to respon'jo this letter in writing to DWQ at the address provided below within 30 days of
receipt. You are also encou;,aged to secure a consultant who specializes in stream and wetland restoration to assist
you with the development and submittal of the following:
1. Documentation depicting all jurisdictional features (e.g. streams, buffers, and wetlands). A description
and quantification of all the impacts to those jurisdictional features and your plans to avoid further
stream, buffer, and ;wetland impacts on the site.
2. Explain in your response how and when you anticipate being in full compliance with the 401 WQCs.
'3. Stream Restoration�Plan (excavation and impoundment impacts) -- Please explain how you plan to restore
the pattern, prp.ftle .'.nd dimension of the impacted stream channels. The streambed must be restored to
the original profile,- the stream banks must be stabilized, and any fill material must be removed from the
riparian. zone. Repl 3nting of the riparian zone will be required.
4. Streams' Riparian Bffer, and Wetland Restoration Plan (sediment impacts) — The sediment deposition in
the streams, buffers' and wetland must be removed. As a part of this plan, you should provide the amount
(depth)`of material '.hat has been deposited in the streams, buffers, and wetland. This information should
be depi ;ted on a ma p you provide. It ig recommended that you use hand labor (buckets, shovels and
wheelb;':rrows) to remove deposited sediment from the wetland and the streams and associayed riparian
buffer., -,The sedime.;lt should be removed from the streams, buffers, and the wetland, taken to high ground
(outsid(� the buffer)'ind stabilized. Also, the plan must address the measures that will be used for
temporary stabilizat'on/sediment control while this work is under way.
5.. Riparian Zone planting -- Please submit a Restoration Plan to this office for review and approval. This
plan must be developed to ensure that at least two native tree species are planted at a density sufficient to
provide 320 trees/acre at maturity. This density is usually achieved by planting approximately 436
trees/acre on a 10 ft: x 10 ft. grid or 681 trees/acre on a 8 ft. x 8 ft. grid. Please see the Guidelines for
Riparian Buffer Res `oration (October 2004) for assistance in developing your plan (available on the web
at: hM.:,/www.ncee hnet/news/reports/buffers.pdf). This plan must include the types of native woody
vegetation selected, methodology of planting, and a site map indicating the location of the replanting
efforts.'
y

Kitrell Quarry
Page 5
6. Please'provide a pl"tn demonstrating how diffuse flow will be achieved throughout the site. This plan
should,.depict all of -)the outfalls on the property (any discharge in the vicinity of a riparian buffer) and
measures to ensure-Aiffuse flow will be maintained at each location.
Include a detailed implerr?entation schedule with dates explaining when the stream, buffer, and wetland
restoration wiz be accomplished. This schedule should include a three-year monitoring plan to ensure that
the streams. It is importdat that you adhere to this new plan once approved by DWQ. If you make any
modifications to the apprewed plan, DWQ must approve them prior to implementation.
Finally, please explain hog*v you propose to prevent these problems from reoccurring on future projects.
Submit Rebuested Items "o:
Lauren Witherspoon
DWQ Raleigh Regiona., Office
3800 Barrett Drivc
Raleigh, Nr, 27609
Thank you for ;,your attentio z to this matter. This office is considering forwarding a civil penalty recommendation
for assessment Zonsideratio) and proceedings with injunctive relief procedures through the Attorneys Generals
Office. This office requirF:s that the violations, as described above, be properly resolved. These violations
and any futur4. violations ; ►re subject to a civil penalty assessment of up to $25,000.00 per day for each
violation. Sho-.ild you havf any questions regarding these matters, please contact Lauren Witherspoon at (919)
791-4200.
r 4
inc relku-'
Danny S
Regionaor
Surface Water Protection Section
•t
cc: DWQ R'RO file cop/
John Hennessy, NP;; Assistance and Compliance Oversight Unit
Eric Alsmeyer, US/.COE, 3331 Heritage Trade Drive, Stel05, Wake Forest, NC 27587
Ian McMillan, 401 Oversight/Express Review Permitting Unit
Jen Jon;s, Stormwa: er Unit, 1617 Mail Service Center, Raleigh,N C 27699-1617
Gabi JdAes — DLR 1.RO

Appendix D
i
Sound vibrates the eardrum
and tiny bones in the ear
which in turn vibrate the hair
cells in the inner ear. Exposure
to loud noises overtime can
permanently damage
the hair cells, causing
hearing loss.
Wl,.at was said: >= e What was heard:
I asked Skip �11111"1i�1 e " �iTi'i'ft� "I a— —i—i—
if Iie felt sick." `` -' —e —el_ i—."
SOURCE CDC Vul Sig .feMua y 2017

7
Hydrologic Soil Group-:aswell County North Carolina
Hydrologic Soil Group
Map unit rymbol
; Map unit name
Rating
Acres in AOI
Percent of AD]
ChA
Ch swacla loam, 0 to 2
B/D
13.8
2.4%
•lercent slopes,
- •equently flooded
CuB2
Clilen clay loam, 2 to 6
B
9.3
1.6%
'+ercent slopes,
moderately eroded
EnB
Eron sandy loam, 2 to 6
C
31.2
5.6%
.)ercent slopes
EnC
Er'on sandy loam, 6 to
C
8.6
1.5%
,0 percent slopes
EnD
Er'3n sandy loam, 10 to
C
28.5
5.0%
.5 percent slopes
HeB ..
HE �ena sandy loam, 2 to
D
109.1
19.1 %
'
; percent slopes
HeC
Helena sandy loam, 6 to
D
117.4
- 20.5%
0 percent slopes
LoC
Louisburg coarse sandy
A
4.6
0.8%
)am, 6 to 10 percent
dopes
LoD
Lo tisburg coarse sandy
A
111.6
19.5%
-
-)am, 10 to 15 percent
-lopes
LoE
Louisburg coarse sandy
A
30.2
5.3%
•)am, 15 to 45 percent
.lopes
RvA
Ri" erview loam, 0 to 2
B
9.0
1.6%
aeroent slopes,
occasionally flooded
RxE
Rcwan-Poindexter
B
8.8
1.5%
Amplex, 15 to 45
iercent slopes
VaB
Ve ice sandy loam, 2 to
C
73.2
12.8%
-
+percent slopes
VaC
Vz ice sandy loam, 6 to
C
14.7
2.6%
percent slopes
�Y
Wler
2.3
0.4%
Totals for Arsa of Interest
572.4
100.0%
USDA Natural Resources - Web Soil Survey 8/28/2019
,Om Conservation Service National Cooperative Soil Survey Page 3 of 4

Hydrologic Soil Group—'awwell County; North Carolina
f
Description
Hydrologic '.,,oil groups are based on estimates of runoff potential. Soils are
assigned to one of four groups according to the rate of water infiltration when the
soils are no+ protected by vegetation, are thoroughly wet, and receive
precipitation from long -duration storms.
The soils in the United States are assigned to four groups (A, B, C, and D) and
three dual classes (A/D, B/D, and C/D). The groups are defined as follows:
Group A. Soils having a high infiltration rate (low runoff potential) when
thoroughly wet. These consist mainly of deep, well drained to excessively
drained sards or gravelly sands. These soils have a high rate of water
transmissioi.
Group B. S tils having a moderate infiltration rate when thoroughly wet. These
consist chie Fly of moderately deep or deep, moderately well drained or well
r:drained soils that have moderately fine texture to moderately coarse texture.
These soils -have a moderate rate of water transmission.
Grou (C SAS having a slow infiltration rate when thoroughly wet. These consist
chiefly of soils having a layer that impedes the downward movement of water or
soils of moc'•erately fine texture or fine texture. These soils have a slow rate of
water transmission.
Groull ails having a very slow infiltration rate (high runoff potential) when
thoroug``�h((y yet. These consist chiefly of clays that have a high shrink -swell
potential, s(ails that have a high water table, soils that have a claypan or clay
layer at or rear the surface, and soils that are shallow over nearly impervious
material. These soils have a very slow rate of water transmission.
If a so!! is a ;signed to a dual hydrologic group (A/D, B/D, or C/D), the first letter is
for drained areas and the second is for undrained areas. Only the soils that in
their natura, condition are in group D are assigned to dual classes.
Rating Options
Aggregatio.i Method: Dominant Condition
Componert Percent Cutoff: None Specified
Tie -break F ule: Higher
USDA Natural Resources Web Soil Survey 8/28/2019
2—M Conservation S ervice - National Cooperative Soil Survey Page 4 of 4

vea� 0 5-/ a
Commissioner Sterling Carter Address to State Mining Permit Hearing 11/4/2019
What you have witnessed here this evening, is no spectacle. It's not a show. These are good,
honest, sincere, family oriented, citizens of Caswell County- from all walks of life. These selfless
individuals are here for their families- they are here for their children, their grandchildren and for
generations of citizens past, present and future. I am here as both a fellow citizen, having been raised less
than five miles from the area of focus here tonight, and I am here as one of their representatives serving
on the Caswell County Board of Commissioners. I will not spend the next few minutes of my time
repeating information that has already been presented to you- I am here to speak for the many who don't
have a voice- for those that don't have the luxury to be here tonight. The site selection for this quarry is an
absolute travesty- it will destroy the peaceful living that so many generations of this community have
enjoyed and for which they have worked, lived and prayed future generations would enjoy as well. I spent
an afternoon a few weeks ago riding around the area of concern and I literally could not imagine, I could
not envision and I could not stomach such an industry in that location- and I will not recommend or
support such an industry that treats a community this way. I am not against business; I am not against
quarries. I simply believe a community should have a voice in these decisions and you see here this
evening- the will of the people. I am here because their voice matters. Their families' future matters. The
health of this community matters. The environmental future of this county matters. This quarry, because
of its proximity to residential areas, streams, wells a lake, will impact the way people live from day to
day, their health, and upon the environment for miles around. There is so much vacant land in our great
state where natural resources abound for industry's sake. You may think Caswell County is rural and
therefore vulnerable. What I have heard for months on the Board of Commissioners from concerned
residents who have addressed us, and what I see here tonight affirms the faith I have had my whole life as
a resident of this county- that this place matters. You have heard the voice of the people from the areas
this quarry will negatively impact- as a citizen of this great county and as one of their elected
representatives- I implore you- give their future a chance.

November 4, 2019
My name is Gene He, bert, I live at 115 Beaver Falls Drive,
Prospect Hill.
,dive within the within 1100 feet of the proposed quarry.
know it is going to affect our water rights our property
values and the environment for sure.
i It just makes the air quality not breatheable.1: ha,� a lung 5�V
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