01-10 file 4 - Cert of Auth. - Vib-Grndwtr Studies

GeoSonics
REPORT
Wk
ALAMANCE AGGREGATES, LLC
P.O. Box 552
Snow Camp, NC 27349
DATE
September 18, 2018
SUBJECT
VIBRATION AND SOUND PROJECTION SUMMARY
Aiamance Quarry

VIBRATION PROJECTION STUDY
Alamance Quarry & Construction Materials
Alamance County, North Carolina
September 18, 2018
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to project the possible ground vibration and airblast levels
from potential blasting activities being conducted at the Alamance Quarry site, Alamance
County, North Carolina in order to determine the possible effects on the structures in the
vicinity of the project.
THE BLASTS)
The blast(s) projected for this report are based on data and calculations gathered from
quarries currently in operation, similar to the proposed Alamance Quarry site.
LOCATION CALCULATION(S)
The vibrations calculated for the potential blasts were done for distances of one thousand
(1000) feet and two thousand (2000) feet. These distances are used based on the estimated
distances, provided, to the closest applicable structure(s). Note that all structures within the two
thousand (2000) foot radius are on quarry property.
RESULTS
Consideration of ground vibrations and their potential for damage has been evaluated
and documented in numerous studies. Publications by the United States Bureau of Mines, the
Department of Interior and other agencies and individuals, indicate that the occurrence of
damage is not related to the amount of movement to which a structure is subjected, "particle
displacement", but is related instead, to the speed at which it is vibrated, "particle velocity".
This measurement method, when coupled with the frequency of the seismic wave, is the best,
single method for the evaluation of potential damage.
DISCUSSION OF RESULTS
The industry standard publication on the subject of vibration damage is the United
States ' Bureau of Mines report of Investigations No. 8507, Structure Response and Damage
Produced by Ground Vibration from Surface Mine Blasting. This report recommends various
limits on ground motion, which depends on the type of structure involved and the frequency of
the ground vibrations. One option is presented in which a recommended limit on particle

velocity is established for each frequency. In the range of 2.7 to 40 Hertz or more, the particle
velocity limits range from 0.50 inch per second to 2.00 inches per second. These limits are
recommended to prevent damage to the weakest building materials, plaster and drywall, and
apply to the most significant measurement on any one of the three components of motion:
transverse, vertical, or longitudinal.
In situations where we have no seismic records for a specific location, by using the
information and data we do have and a generic formula from the DuPont Blastees Handbook, it
is possible to make a reasonably accurate prediction of what the Peak Particle Velocity at a
specific distance.
Formula:
Peak Particle Velocity (PPV) =160 x Scaled Distance (SD)"3,'6
SD = distance to the structure/the square root of the maximum pounds of explosives used per
delay.
Based on one hole per delay:
The maximum vibration level, calculated, was based on the following blast information:
Drill Holes: 5.0 inch diameter
Holes Per Delay: I
Pounds (Explosives) Per Delay: 350
With a distance of 1000 feet and a maximum of 350 pounds of explosives per delay, the
scaled distance would be 53.44 and the estimated PPV would have been approximately 0.275
inch per second.
With a distance of 2000 feet and a maximum of 350 pounds of explosives per delay, the
scaled distance would be 106.89 and the estimated PPV would have been approximately 0.091
inch per second.
Seismic records from other similar quarry operations indicated, but may not be limited
to, frequency levels ranging from 8.3 Hertz — 25.0 Hertz.
At a frequency of 10.0 Hertz or less, this level represents 55.0% at 1000 feet and 18.2% at
2000 feet of the lowest limit recommended for the prevention of damage to plaster and drywall
construction.
At a frequency of 20.0 Hertz, this level represents 27.5% at 1000 feet and 9.1% at 2000
feet of the lowest Iimit recommended for the prevention of damage to plaster and drywall
construction.
2

At a frequency of 40.0 Hertz or greater, this level represents 13.8% at 1000 feet and 4.6%
at 2000 feet of the lowest limit recommended for the prevention of damage to plaster and drywall
construction.
Studies on masonry construction and potential defects indicate cracking in masonry wall
joints at 3.00 inches per second and at 10.00 inches per second for reinforced concrete.
The estimated PPV of 0.275 inch per second represents 9.2% of the lowest
recommended limit for the prevention of damage to masonry wall joints, and 2.75% of the
recommended limit to reinforced concrete.
The estimated PPV of 0.091 inch per second represents 3.3% of the lowest
recommended limit for the prevention of damage to masonry wall joints, and 0.91% of the
recommended limit to reinforced concrete.
Based on two holes per delay:
The maximum vibration level, calculated, was based on the following blast information:
Drill Holes: 5.0 inch diameter
Holes Per Delay: 2
Pounds (Explosives) Per Delay: 700
With a distance of 1000 feet and a maximum of 700 pounds of explosives per delay, the
scaled distance would be 37.79 and the estimated PPV would have been approximately 0.479
inch per second.
With a distance of 2000 feet and a maximum of 700 pounds of explosives per delay, the
scaled distance would be 75.59 and the estimated PPV would have been approximately 0.158
inch per second.
Seismic records from other similar quarry operations indicated, but may not be limited
to, frequency levels ranging from 8.3 Hertz — 25.0 Hertz.
At a frequency of 10.0 Hertz or less, this level represents 95.8% at 1000 feet and 31.6% at
2000 feet of the lowest limit recommended for the prevention of damage to plaster and drywall
construction.
At a frequency of 20.0 Hertz, this level represents 47.9% at 1000 feet and 15.8% at 2000
feet of the lowest limit recommended for the prevention of damage to plaster and drywall
construction.
At a frequency of 40.0 Hertz or greater, this level represents 24.0% at 1000 feet and 7.9%
at 2000 feet of the lowest limit recommended for the prevention of damage to plaster and drywall
construction.
3

Studies on masonry construction and potential defects indicate cracking in masonry wall
joints at 3.00 inches per second and at 10.00 inches per second for reinforced concrete.
The estimated PPV of 0.479 inch per second represents 16.0% of the lowest
recommended limit for the prevention of damage to masonry wall joints, and 4.79% of the
recommended limit to reinforced concrete.
The estimated PPV of 0.158 inch per second represents 5.3% of the lowest
recommended limit for the prevention of damage to masonry wall joints, and 1.58% of the
recommended limit to reinforced concrete.
A publication of the Bureau of Mines, Report of Investigations, No. 8485, Structure
Response and Damage Produced by Airblast from Surface Mining, recommends that airblast be
limited to 133 dB, equivalent to an atmospheric overpressure of 0.0129 psi for monitoring
equipment of the type used to monitor construction and quarry blasting activities (Z Ha
System).
Sound waves travel more slowly than initial ground vibration and are affected by
temperature and wind direction. The overpressure attenuation rate for any area will be
influenced by blast design, topography, and atmospheric conditions (e.g. wind speed,
temperature inversions).
Based on these variables, and the provided blast data along with formulas from the ISEE
Blasters` Handbook (181h Edition), the possible psi levels may range from 0.005536 psi — 0.0135
psi. Converted to dB levels, this equals a range from 48.84 dBl —133.4 dBl.
CONCLUSION
Based on the data provided for this study, the calculated ground vibration levels would
be within the limits recommended for the prevention of damage within the confines of the
actual quarry property. This gives us reason to believe that, based on the information provided
and the calculated data, vibration levels outside of quarry property would not be a probable
cause for damage to neighboring structures.
Considering all reviewed data and variables, it is difficult to provide conclusive
determinations on consistent airblast levels.
n

GeoSonics Inc. is not responsible for any claims of damage not physically caused by
GeoSonics Inc.
Respectfully submitted,
GeoSonics Inc.
William I. Powell
Area Manager
S

GROUNDWATER MONITORING PLAN
FOR THE PROPOSED SNOW CAMP QUARRY
SNOW CAMP, ALAMANCE COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
Prepared for:
Mr. Chad M. Threatt
Alamance Aggregates, LLC
PO Box 552
Snow Camp, NC 27349
Prepared by:
Robert Christian Reinhardt, P.G.
Geologist - Hydrogeologist
Environmental Scientist
7620 Mine Valley Road
Raleigh, North Carolina, 27615
September 22, 2018
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Robert Christian Reinhardt — NC Geologist License # 1044

Groundwater Monitoring Program
For The Proposed Snow Camp Quarry
Snow Camp, Alamance County, North Carolina
GROUNDWATER MONITORING PROGRAM
FOR THE PROPOSED SNOW CAMP QUARRY
SNOW CAMP, ALAMANCE COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
Geologists have previously submitted a hydrogeologic study in the vicinity of the proposed
Snow Camp Quarry located between Clark Road and Quackenbush road, approximately 2
miles south of the unincorporated town of Snow Camp in Alamance County, North
Carolina. The preliminary investigation was based on information provided by Carolina
Geological Services, Inc. to support work in the preliminary permitting process for the
proposed quarry. The scope of work primarily included the compilation of existing data
and the evaluation of new data and field observations collected during several site visits.
The report describes the hydrogeology of the area and estimates potential impacts of
quarry development on local ground- water resources.
As the quarry operations will require de -watering of the quarry pit, a condition of the
mining permit for this facility will require a Groundwater Monitoring Program to be
implemented prior to beginning mining operations. Based on conversations with North
Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ) personnel in the Division of Land
Quality and the Division of Water Resources, the permit will require monitoring
groundwater levels and conditions in the vicinity of the quarry. The NCDEQ is especially
concerned where private water supply wells may be impacted by quarry operations.
Based on a review of the Alamance County GIS aerial map for the vicinity surrounding the
proposed quarry, there do not appear to be any residential properties within 500 feet of
the proposed mining limit and parts of 7 additional properties between 500 feet and 1,000
feet. A public water supply is not available in the area and the county records for existing
water supply well are incomplete. Figure 1 indicates the 1,000 foot radius of the mining
limit and shows properties with confirmed and/or suspected water supply wells.
Mr. Chad Threatt, a representative of Snow Camp Property Development, met with this
geologist on site and led a tour of the property, provided information regarding several
old, out of use wells on the property. He indicated that he did not think there were any
active residential water supply wells within 1,000 feet of the proposed mining limit. The
Alamance County GIS records showed portions of 7 properties within the 1,000 foot radius
but only one of those properties (Map #3) was listed as having a well. Based on a driving
reconnaissance of the area, there may be 2 additional residences (Map # 4 and #5) with
wells near the 1,000 foot radius limit.
2

Groundwater Monitoring Program
For The Proposed Snow Camp Quarry
Snow Camp, Alamance County, North Carolina
A full local well search should be conducted prior to beginning mining activities. Other
wells in the area should be confirmed and additional information about well details should
be collected. Any properties with access to a public water supply should be identified, as
well. The table with Figure 1 indicates residential properties within 1,000 feet of the
quarry.
Monitoring Plan
The proposed groundwater monitoring well network for the Snow Camp Quarry will, if
possible, incorporate the 2 of the 3 existing in -active water supply wells already located on
the quarry property. During the site reconnaissance, water levels were measured in 2
existing, in -active water supply wells on the property near the southern and northern
edges of the property (Figure 2). Construction details or other information about the
wells such as total depth, casing depth, and yield were not available. However, the drilled
water supply wells could likely be converted to monitoring wells and they are located at
prime spots for continued long term monitoring of the site. Before incorporating them into
a monitoring network, the wells will need to be sounded for depth and obstructions, and
we recommend a downhole video screening of each well to confirm well conditions and
suitability for conversion to monitoring wells. If the wells are in an acceptable condition,
we recommend converting them to monitoring wells as they are well placed to determine
the influence of quarry dewatering on the adjacent properties.
The recommended monitoring plan will include 2 monitoring wells at each of the existing
in -active well locations north and south of the quarry pit and 2 wells each at locations on
the east and west sides of the property. One well at each location will be completed in the
overburden/saprolite and will likely be approximately 30 feet to 40 feet deep. The second
well at each location will be completed in fractured bedrock and will likely be finished to a
depth of between 100 feet to 150 feet. All new wells will be constructed of 2 inch ID PVC
screen and riser, with a coarse sand filter pack, bentonite seal and grout to land surface.
The wells should be completed with riser extending above land surface with a protective
steel casing. Additional protective structures (bollards, etc.) should be placed around the
well heads to protect from vehicular traffic. All wells will be installed under the supervision
of a licensed NC Geologist and constructed by a certified driller in accordance with North
Carolina Well Constructions Standards (15A NCAC 2C).
As the main concern for groundwater impact to surrounding properties is the lowering of
the water table, periodic monitoring of water levels in the wells will be required. The
frequency for monitoring and reporting will be included in the permits issued for quarry
operations. The Division of water Resources has recommended monthly water level
3

Groundwater Monitoring Program
For The Proposed Snow Camp Quarry
Snow Camp, Alamance County, North Carolina
measurements which would be recorded and reported with the pumping data from the
quarry dewatering. No water quality monitoring is recommended for the monitoring well
network.
Prepared 09/22/2018
4

Approxima
1000' Radius'
Minin Limit
Approxirrmat
Permif Bound �— F-:17-1, --L-
s'T
Parcel ID
Parcel Address
Owner Name
Owner Address
Acres
Well/Septic*
1
102698
CLARK RD
MILLS, STEPHEN D, WENDIE ANN EGGLESTON
PO BOX 520, SNOW CAMP, NC 27349
67.715
No Record
2
102697
262 CLARK RD
JACKSON, NORMAN F JR
PO BOX 740, SNOW CAMP, NC 27349
7.285
No Record
3
102764
9065 WHITEHOUSE CT
MULROONEY, TIMOTHY J, MULROONEY, CELESTE M
9065 WHITEHOUSE CT, SNOW CAMP, NC 27349
10.5
Y / N
4
102769
1732 QUAKENBUSH RD
LEE, BRIAN J & CARRIE T
1732 QUAKENBUSH RD, SNOW CAMP, NC 27349
2.33
No Record
5
102799
1720 QUAKENBUSH RD
CAUSEY, PAMELA A REVOC TRUST
6144 SMITHWOOD RD, LIBERTY, NC 27298
68.92
No Record
6
102733
11503 QUAKENBUSH RD
STUART, DANNY RAY
1503 QUAKENBUSH RD, SNOW CAMP, NC 27349
66
No Record
7
102715
17561 SOUTHBROOK LN
FAIN, MICHAEL T & DANIELLE M
IPO BOX 667, SNOW CAMP, NC 27349
9.65
No Record
Properties Within 1,000 Feet
Robert Christian Reinhardt, PG
Parcel Boundary
Of Proposed Mining Limit
Geology* Hydrogeology •Environmental Science
Proposed Snow Camp Quarry
7620 Mine Valley Road, Raleigh, NC 27615
[e-mail]
Scale: As Shown
* Source: Alamance County GIS Database
FRCR Project No. 18-M-14-02
I Figure 1

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GROUNDWATER MONITORING PLAN
FOR THE PROPOSED SNOW CAMP QUARRY
SNOW CAMP, ALAMANCE COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
Prepared for:
Mr. Chad M. Threatt
Alamance Aggregates, LLC
PO Box 552
Snow Camp, NC 27349
SEP 2 8 2018
Prepared by:
Robert Christian Reinhardt, P.G.
Geologist - Hydrogeologist
Environmental Scientist
7620 Mine Valley Road
Raleigh, North Carolina, 27615
September 22, 2018
o''g,1H CAR
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"1'/111Cio0
Robert Christian Reinhardt — NC Geologist License # 1044

Groundwater Monitoring Program
For The Proposed Snow Camp Quarry
Snow Camp, Alamance County, North Carolina
GROUNDWATER MONITORING PROGRAM
FOR THE PROPOSED SNOW CAMP QUARRY
SNOW CAMP, ALAMANCE COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
Geologists have previously submitted a hydrogeologic study in the vicinity of the proposed
Snow Camp Quarry located between Clark Road and Quackenbush road, approximately 2
miles south of the unincorporated town of Snow Camp in Alamance County, North
Carolina. The preliminary investigation was based on information provided by Carolina
Geological Services, Inc. to support work in the preliminary permitting process for the
proposed quarry. The scope of work primarily included the compilation of existing data
and the evaluation of new data and field observations collected during several site visits.
The report describes the hydrogeology of the area and estimates potential impacts of
quarry development on local ground- water resources.
As the quarry operations will require de -watering of the quarry pit, a condition of the
mining permit for this facility will require a Groundwater Monitoring Program to be
implemented prior to beginning mining operations. Based on conversations with North
Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ) personnel in the Division of Land
Quality and the Division of Water Resources, the permit will require monitoring
groundwater levels and conditions in the vicinity of the quarry. The NCDEQ is especially
concerned where private water supply wells may be impacted by quarry operations.
Based on a review of the Alamance County GIS aerial map for the vicinity surrounding the
proposed quarry, there do not appear to be any residential properties within 500 feet of
the proposed mining limit and parts of 7 additional properties between 500 feet and 1,000
feet. A public water supply is not available in the area and the county records for existing
water supply well are incomplete. Figure 1 indicates the 1,000 foot radius of the mining
limit and shows properties with confirmed and/or suspected water supply wells.
Mr. Chad Threatt, a representative of Snow Camp Property Development, met with this
geologist on site and led a tour of the property, provided information regarding several
old, out of use wells on the property. He indicated that he did not think there were any
active residential water supply wells within 1,000 feet of the proposed mining limit. The
Alamance County GIS records showed portions of 7 properties within the 1,000 foot radius
but only one of those properties (Map #3) was listed as having a well. Based on a driving
reconnaissance of the area, there may be 2 additional residences (Map # 4 and #5) with
wells near the 1,000 foot radius limit.
2

Groundwater Monitoring Program
For The Proposed Snow Camp Quarry
Snow Camp, Alamance County, North Carolina
A full local well search should be conducted prior to beginning mining activities. Other
wells in the area should be confirmed and additional information about well details should
be collected. Any properties with access to a public water supply should be identified, as
well. The table with Figure 1 indicates residential properties within 1,000 feet of the
quarry.
Monitoring Plan
The proposed groundwater monitoring well network for the Snow Camp Quarry will, if
possible, incorporate the 2 of the 3 existing in -active water supply wells already located on
the quarry property. During the site reconnaissance, water levels were measured in 2
existing, in -active water supply wells on the property near the southern and northern
edges of the property (Figure 2). Construction details or other information about the
wells such as total depth, casing depth, and yield were not available. However, the drilled
water supply wells could likely be converted to monitoring wells and they are located at
prime spots for continued long term monitoring of the site. Before incorporating them into
a monitoring network, the wells will need to be sounded for depth and obstructions, and
we recommend a downhole video screening of each well to confirm well conditions and
suitability for conversion to monitoring wells. If the wells are in an acceptable condition,
we recommend converting them to monitoring wells as they are well placed to determine
the influence of quarry dewatering on the adjacent properties.
The recommended monitoring plan will include 2 monitoring wells at each of the existing
in -active well locations north and south of the quarry pit and 2 wells each at locations on
the east and west sides of the property. One well at each location will be completed in the
overburden/saprolite and will likely be approximately 30 feet to 40 feet deep. The second
well at each location will be completed in fractured bedrock and will likely be finished to a
depth of between 100 feet to 150 feet. All new wells will be constructed of 2 inch ID PVC
screen and riser, with a coarse sand filter pack, bentonite seal and grout to land surface.
The wells should be completed with riser extending above land surface with a protective
steel casing. Additional protective structures (bollards, etc.) should be placed around the
well heads to protect from vehicular traffic. All wells will be installed under the supervision
of a licensed NC Geologist and constructed by a certified driller in accordance with North
Carolina Well Constructions Standards (15A NCAC 2C).
As the main concern for groundwater impact to surrounding properties is the lowering of
the water table, periodic monitoring of water levels in the wells will be required. The
frequency for monitoring and reporting will be included in the permits issued for quarry
operations. The Division of Water Resources has recommended monthly water level
C

Groundwater Monitoring Program
For The Proposed Snow Camp Quarry
Snow Camp, Alamance County, North Carolina
measurements which would be recorded and reported with the pumping data from the
quarry dewatering. No water quality monitoring is recommended for the monitoring well
network.
Prepared 09/22/2018
4

Approxima
1=J 1000' Radius
limit
Parcel ID
Parcel Address
Owner Name
Owner Address
Acres
Well/Septic*
1
102698
CLARK RD
MILLS, STEPHEN D, WENDIE ANN EGGLESTON
PO BOX 520, SNOW CAMP, NC 27349
67.715
No Record
2
102697
262 CLARK RD
JACKSON, NORMAN F JR
PO BOX 740, SNOW CAMP, NC 27349
7.285
No Record
3
102764
9065 WHITEHOUSE CT
MULROONEY, TIMOTHY J, MULROONEY, CELESTE M
9065 WHITEHOUSE CT, SNOW CAMP, NC 27349
10.5
Y / N
4
102769
1732 QUAKENBUSH RD
LEE, BRIAN J & CARRIE T
1732 QUAKENBUSH RD, SNOW CAMP, NC 27349
2.33
No Record
5
102799
1720 QUAKENBUSH RD
CAUSEY, PAMELA A REVOC TRUST
6144 SMITHWOOD RD, LIBERTY, NC 27298
68.92
No Record
6
102733
1503 QUAKENBUSH RD
STUART, DANNY RAY
1503 QUAKENBUSH RD, SNOW CAMP, NC 27349
66
No Record
7
1 102715
7561 SOUTHBROOK LN
FAIN, MICHAEL T & DANIELLE M
PO BOX 667, SNOW CAMP, NC 27349
9.65
No Record
Parcel Boundary
Properties Within 1,000 Feet
Of Proposed Mining Limit
Proposed Snow Camp Quarry
tL
Robert Christian Reinhardt, PG
Geology* Hydrogeology * Environmental Science
7620 Mine Valley Road, Raleigh, NC 27615
Scale: As Shown
* Source: Alamance County GIs Database
FRCR Project No. 18-M-14-02
I Figure 1
[e-mail]

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a.GeoSonics
TO
ALAMANCE AGGREGATES, LLC
P.O. Box 552
Snow Camp, NC 27349
September 18, 2018
SUBJECT
VIBRATION AND SOUND PROJECTION SUMMARY
Alamance Quarry

VIBRATION PROJECTION STUDY
Alamance Quarry & Construction Materials
Alamance County, North Carolina
September 18, 2018
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to project the possible ground vibration and airblast levels
from potential blasting activities being conducted at the Alamance Quarry site, Alamance
County, North Carolina in order to determine the possible effects on the structures in the
vicinity of the project.
THE BLAST(S)
The blast(s) projected for this report are based on data and calculations gathered from
quarries currently in operation, similar to the proposed Alamance Quarry site.
LOCATION CALCULATION(S)
The vibrations calculated for the potential blasts were done for distances of one thousand
(1000) feet and two thousand (2000) feet. These distances are used based on the estimated
distances, provided, to the closest applicable structure(s). Note that all structures within the two
thousand (2000) foot radius are on quarry property.
RESULTS
Consideration of ground vibrations and their potential for damage has been evaluated
and documented in numerous studies. Publications by the United States Bureau of Mines, the
Department of Interior and other agencies and individuals, indicate that the occurrence of
damage is not related to the amount of movement to which a structure is subjected, "particle
displacement", but is related instead, to the speed at which it is vibrated, "particle velocity".
This measurement method, when coupled with the frequency of the seismic wave, is the best,
single method for the evaluation of potential damage.
DISCUSSION OF RESULTS
The industry standard publication on the subject of vibration damage is the United
States * Bureau of Mines report of Investigations No. 8507, Structure Response and Damage
Produced by 'Ground Vibration from Surface Mine Blasting. This report recommends various
limits on ground motion, which depends on the type of structure involved and the frequency of
the ground vibrations. One option is presented in which a recommended limit on particle

velocity is established for each frequency. In the range of 2.7 to 40 Hertz or more, the particle
velocity limits range from 0.50 inch per second to 2.00 inches per second. These limits are
recommended to prevent damage to the weakest building materials, plaster and drywall, and
apply to the most significant measurement on any one of the three components of motion:
transverse, vertical, or longitudinal.
In situations where we have no seismic records for a specific location, by using the
information and data we do have and a generic formula from the DuPont Blaster's Handbook, it
is possible to make a reasonably accurate prediction of what the Peak Particle Velocity at a
specific distance.
Formula:
Peak Particle Velocity (PPV) =160 x Scaled Distance (SD)"1'6
SD = distance to the structure/the square root of the maximum pounds of explosives used per
delay.
Based on one hole per delay:
The maximum vibration level, calculated, was based on the following blast information:
Drill Holes: 5.0 inch diameter
Holes Per Delay:1
Pounds (Explosives) Per Delay: 350
With a distance of 1000 feet and a maximum of 350 pounds of explosives per delay, the
scaled distance would be 53.44 and the estimated PPV would have been approximately 0.275
inch per second.
With a distance of 2000 feet and a maximum of 350 pounds of explosives per delay, the
scaled distance would be 106.89 and the estimated PPV would have been approximately 0.091
inch per second.
Seismic records from other similar quarry operations indicated, but may not be limited
to, frequency levels ranging from 8.3 Hertz — 25.0 Hertz.
At a frequency o€10.0 Hertz or less, this level represents 55.0% at 1000 feet and 18.2% at
2000 feet of the lowest limit recommended for the prevention of damage to plaster and drywall
construction.
At a frequency of 20.0 Hertz, this level represents 27.5% at 1000 feet and 9.1 % at 2000
feet of the lowest Iimit recommended for the prevention of damage to plaster and drywall
construction.
K

At a frequency of 40.0 Hertz or greater, this level represents 13.8% at 1000 feet and 4.6%
at 2000 feet of the lowest limit recommended for the prevention of damage to plaster and drywall
construction.
Studies on masonry construction and potential defects indicate cracking in masonry wall
joints at 3.00 inches per second and at 10.00 inches per second for reinforced concrete.
The estimated PPV of 0.275 inch per second represents 9.2% of the lowest
recommended limit for the prevention of damage to masonry wall joints, and 2.75% of the
recommended limit to reinforced concrete.
The estimated PPV of 0.091 inch per second represents 3.3% of the lowest
recommended limit for the prevention of damage to masonry wall joints, and 0.91% of the
recommended limit to reinforced concrete.
Based on two holes per delay:
The maximum vibration level, calculated, was based on the following blast information:
Drill Holes: 5.0 inch diameter
Holes Per Delay: 2
Pounds (Explosives) Per Delay: 700
With a distance of 1000 feet and a maximum of 700 pounds of explosives per delay, the
scaled distance would be 37.79 and the estimated PPV would have been approximately 0.479
inch per second.
With a distance of 2000 feet and a maximum of 700 pounds of explosives per delay, the
scaled distance would be 75.59 and the estimated PPV would have been approximately 0.158
inch per second.
Seismic records from other similar quarry operations indicated, but may not be limited
to, frequency levels ranging from 8.3 Hertz — 25.0 Hertz.
At a frequency of 10.0 Hertz or less, this level represents 95.8% at 1000 feet and 31.6% at
2000 feet of the lowest limit recommended for the prevention of damage to plaster and drywall
construction.
At a frequency of 20.0 Hertz, this level represents 47.9% at 1000 feet and 15.8% at 2000
feet of the lowest limit recommended for the prevention of damage to plaster and drywall
construction.
At a frequency of 40.0 Hertz or greater, this level represents 24.0% at 1000 feet and 7.9%
at 2000 feet of the lowest limit recommended for the prevention of damage to plaster and drywall
construction.
3

Studies on masonry construction and potential defects indicate cracking in masonry wall
joints at 3.00 inches per second and at 10.00 inches per second for reinforced concrete.
The estimated PPV of 0.479 inch per second represents 16.0% of the lowest
recommended limit for the prevention of damage to masonry wall joints, and 4.79% of the
recommended limit to reinforced concrete.
The estimated PPV of 0.158 inch per second represents 5.3% of the lowest
recommended limit for the prevention of damage to masonry wall joints, and 1.58% of the
recommended limit to reinforced concrete.
A publication of the Bureau of Mines, Report of Investigations, No. 8485, Structure
Response and Damage Produced by Airbiast from Surface Mining, recommends that airblast be
limited to 133 dB, equivalent to an atmospheric overpressure of 0.0129 psi for monitoring
equipment of the type used to monitor construction and quarry blasting activities (2 Ha
System).
Sound waves travel more slowly than initial ground vibration and are affected by
temperature and wind direction. The overpressure attenuation rate for any area will be
influenced by blast design, topography, and atmospheric conditions (e.g. wind speed,
temperature inversions).
Based on these variables, and the provided blast data along with formulas from the ISEE
Blasters' Handbook (18th Edition), the possible psi levels may range from 0.005536 psi — 0.0135
psi. Converted to dB levels, this equals a range from 48.84 dBl —133.4 dBl.
CONCLUSION
Based on the data provided for this study, the calculated ground vibration levels would
be within the limits recommended for the prevention of damage within the confines of the
actual quarry property. This gives us reason to believe that, based on the information provided
and the calculated data, vibration levels outside of quarry property would not be a probable
cause for damage to neighboring structures.
Considering all reviewed data and variables, it is difficult to provide conclusive
determinations on consistent alrblast levels.
4

GeoSonics Inc. is not responsible for any claims of damage not physically caused by
GeoSonics Inc.
Respectfully submitted,
GeoSonics Inc.
William 1. Powell
Area Manager
5

NORTH CAROLINA
Department of the Secretary of State
To all whom these presents shall come, Greetings:
I, Elaine F. Marshall, Secretary of State of the State of North Carolina, do hereby certify
the following and hereto attached to be a true copy of
APPLICATION FOR CERTIFICATE OF AUTHORITY
OF
ALAMANCE AGGREGATES, LLC
the original of which was filed in this office on the 16th day of February, 2018.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my
hand and affixed my official seal at the City of
Raleigh, this 16th day of February, 2018.
Scan to verify online.
Certification# C201804401749-1 Reference# C201804401749-1 Page: 1 of 4
Verify this certificate online at http://Www.sosnc.gov/verification
Secretary of State

SOSID: 1667469
Date Filed: 2/16/2018 12:20:00 PM
State of North Carolina Elaine F. Marshall
Department of the Secretary of State North Carolina Secretary of State
C2018 044 01749
APPLICATION FOR CERTIFICATE OF AUTHORITY
FOR LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY
Pursuant to §57D-7-03 of the General Statutes of North Carolina, the undersigned limited liability company hereby applies for a
Certificate of Authority to transact business in the State of North Carolina, and for that purpose submits the following:
1. The name of the limited liability company is Alamance Aggregates, LLC
and if the limited liability company name is unavailable for use in the State of North Carolina, the name the limited
liability company wishes to use is
2. The state or country under whose laws the limited liability company was formed is WYomi ng
3. Principal office information: (.Select either a or h.)
a. X The limited liability company has a principal office.
The principal office telephone number: 336-376-8211
The street address and county of the principal office of the limited liability company is:
Number and Street: 342 Clark Road
City: Snow Camp state: NC Zip Code: 27349 County: Alamance
The mailing address, if different from the street address, of the principal office of the corporation is:
Number and Street: PO Box 552
City: Snow Camp -State:NC Zip Code: 27349 County: Alamance
b. ❑ The limited liability company does not have a principal office.
4. The name of the registered agent in the State of North Carolina is: Registered Agents, Inc.
5. The street address and county of the registered agent's office in the State of North Carolina is:
Number and Street: 4030 Wake Forest Road, Ste 349
City: Raleigh _ State: NC Zip Code: 27609 County:
Wake
6. The North Carolina mailing address, if different from the street address, of the registered agent's office in the State of North
Carolina is:
Number and Street:
City:
State: NC
BUSINESS REGISTRATION DIVISION
(Revised Jul; 2017)
Zip Code:
P.O. BOX 29622
County:
RALEIGH. NC 27626-0622
(Form 1: 09)
Certification# C201804401749-1 Reference# C201804401749- Page: 2 of 4

APPLICATION FOR CERTIFICATE OF AUTHORITY
Page 2
7. The names, titles, and usual business addresses of the current company officials of the limited liability company are:
(use attachment if necessaty) (This document must be signed b)- a poison listed in item 7.)
!Name and Title
Amy Williams, Manager
Business Address
PO Box 552, Snow Camp, NC 27349
8. Attached is a certificate of existence (or document of similar import), duly authenticated by the secretary of state or other official
having custody of limited liability company records in the state or country of formation. The Certificate of Existence must be
less than six months old. A photocopy of the certification cannot be Accented.
9. If the limited liability company is required to use a fictitious name in order to transact business in this State, a copy of the
resolution of its managers adopting the fictitious name is attached.
10. (Optional): Please provide a business e-mail address:
The Secretary of State's Office will e-mail the business automatically at the address provided above at no cost when a document
is filed. The e-mail provided will not be viewable on the website. For more information on why this service is offered, please see
the instructions for this document.
11. This application will be effective upon filing, unless a delayed date and/or time is specified:
This the 1 3 day of February
.20 18
Alamance Aggregates, LLC
Name of Limited Liability C ompan},
Aotk 2 /JAP
Signature of Contpa _ t)lricial
Amy Williams, Manager
Type or Print .-Vame and Title
Notcs:
1. Filing fee is $250. This document must be filed with the Secretary of State.
BUSINESS REGISTRATION DIVISION
(Revised Jul}, 2017)
P.O. BOX 29622
RALEIGH. NC 27626-0622
0-orm l; 09)
Certification# C201804401749-1 Reference# C201804401749- Page: 3 of 4

STATE OF WYOMING
Office of the Secretary of State
I, ED MURRAY, SECRETARY OF STATE of the STATE OF WYOMING, do hereby certify
that according to the records of this office,
Alamance Aggregates, LLC
is a
Limited Liability Company
formed or qualified under the laws of Wyoming did on February 2, 2018, comply with all applicable
requirements of this office. Its period of duration is Perpetual. This entity has been assigned entity
identification number 2018-000787603.
This entity is in existence and in good standing in this office and has filed all annual reports
and paid all annual license taxes to date, or is not yet required to file such annual reports; and has
not filed Articles of Dissolution.
I have affixed hereto the Great Seal of the State of Wyoming and duly generated, executed,
authenticated, issued, delivered and communicated this official certificate at Cheyenne, Wyoming
on this 7th day of February, 2018 at 9:12 AM. This certificate is assigned 025454333.
T.0
Notice: A certificate issued electronically from the Wyoming Secretary of State's web site is immediately valid and
effective. The validity of a certificate may be established by viewing the Certificate Confirmation screen of the
Secretary of State's website hfp://wyobiz.wy.gov and following the instructions displayed under Validate Certificate.
Certification# C201804401749-1 Reference# C201804401749- Page: 4 of 4

Wehner, Judy
From:
Chad M. Threatt <[e-mail]>
Sent:
Friday, October 19, 2018 10:40 AM
To:
Wehner, Judy
Subject:
[External] Re: Alamance Quarry
Attachments:
Application For Certificate of Authority.pdf
Judy,
I have attached the "Application For Certificate Of Authority"
I don't have a digital copy of the submittal.
Thanks.Chad
From: "Wehner, Judy" <[e-mail]>
To: [e-mail]
Sent: Thursday, October 18, 2018 2:47:23 PM
Subject: Alamance Quarry
Do you have a digital copy of your submittal?
Judy Wehner
Assistant State Mining Specialist
Land Quality Section
919-707-9227 office
Judv.Wehner(a)ncdenr-qo Email
1612 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1512
512 N. Salisbury Street
Raleigh, North Carolina 27604
Mining Program Website:
https://deq. nc.gov/abouVd ivisions/energy-mineral-land-resources/energy-mineral-land-permits/mining-program
Nothing Compares
Email correspondence to and from this address is subject to the
North Carolina Public Records Law and may be disclosed to third parties.

E-mail correspondence to and from this address may be subject to the North Carolina Public Records Law and may be
disclosed to third parties.

Wehner, Judy
From: Chad M. Threatt <[e-mail]>
Sent: Friday, October 19, 2018 10:40 AM
To: Wehner, Judy
Subject: [External] Re: Alamance Quarry
Attachments: Application For Certificate of Authority.pdf
Judy,
I have attached the "Application For Certificate Of Authority"
I don't have a digital copy of the submittal.
Thanks, Chad
From: "Wehner, Judy" <[e-mail]>
To: [e-mail]
Sent: Thursday, October 18, 2018 2:47:23 PM
Subject: Alamance Quarry
Do you have a digital copy of your submittal?
Judy Wehner
Assistant State Mining Specialist
Land Quality Section
919-707-9227 office
Judv.Wehner(cDncdenr.gov Email
1612 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1512
512 N. Salisbury Street
Raleigh, North Carolina 27604
Mining Program Website:
https://deq. nc.gov/about/divisions/energy-mineral-land-resources/energy-mineral-land-permits/m ining-program
c: --�—� Nothing Compares
Email correspondence to and from this address is subject to the
North Carolina Public Records Law and may be disclosed to third parties.

E-mail correspondence to and from this address may be subject to the North Carolina Public Records Law and may be
disclosed to third parties.

North Carolina Secretary of State Search Results
Page 1 of 1
File an Annual Report/Amend an Annual Report * Upload a PDF Filing • Order a Document Online -
Add Entity to My Email Notification List • View Filings • Print an Amended a Annual Report form * Print a
Pre -Populated Annual Report form
Limited Liability Company
Legal Name
Alamance Aggregates, LLC
Information
Sosid: 1667469
Status: Current -Active
Annual Report Status: Current
Citizenship: Foreign
Date Formed: 2/16/2018
State of Incorporation:
WY
Registered Agent: Registered Agents Inc.
Addresses
Principal Office Reg Office
342 Clark Rd 4030 Wake Forest Road, Ste 349
Snow Camp, NC 27349 Raleigh, NC 27609
Mailing
P O Box 552
Snow Camp, NC 27349
Company Officials
Reg Mailing
4030 Wake Forest Road, Ste 349
Raleigh, NC 27609
All LLCs are managed by their managers pursuant to N.C.G.S. 57D-3-20.
https://www.sosnc.gov/online services/search/Business_Registration_Results 10/19/2018