125-22 Residence at 9th Phase II Supplemental Metals Assessment Report

1iIICIS5tfX#St.WIImIfVon,NC
nry Nemargut
28405
August 17, 2023
Sam Hamad
2500 Bridges Street, Unit 11
Morehead City, NC 28557
Engineering
Phone (9I0) 762 5475
Services
FAX • (9I0) 762-3284
Reference: RCRA Metals Sampling Letter Report
901 and 909 Shepard Street Property
Carteret County Parcels PIN # 63861960560000 and 6386196035660000
901 and 909 Shepard Street, Morehead City, NC 28577
Dear Mr. Hamad:
Per the June 1, 2023 request from the NCDEQ, contained herein is a report summarizing limited
RCRA Metals soil sampling activities for the above referenced parcels. Figure 1 illustrates the
location of the project site on a Historical 1949 USGS topographic map, and Figure 2 illustrates
the approximate locations of the soil samples collected for analyses.
On June 15, 2023, FIN Engineering mobilized to the site to collect samples from stockpiled
surface concrete debris originating from the concrete paved areas of the site on which past boat
coating operations were performed. The purpose of collecting these samples was to ensure that
leachable RCRA metals are not present in this concrete debris scheduled for removal for off -site
disposal. To evaluate these materials for leachable metals, 2 samples of surface concrete were
collected for subsequent analyses utilizing EPA Methods 6010 MET ICP, TCLP, with Mercury
analyses via 7470, TCLP. Concrete debris samples collected from the 901 parcel were obtained
as specified in the collection, preparation, preservation, and handling section of the specific
method. Each container was labeled with sample location, analyses to be performed, time, date,
and the sampler's name. They were then placed in a cooler and chilled with ice to approximately
40C in preparation for transportation to the analytical laboratory utilizing EPA approved chain of
custody procedures.
On July 27, 2023, FIN Engineering returned to the site to collect in -situ soil samples for analyses
utilizing EPA Methods 6010D, with Mercury analyses via 7471B, and Hexavalent Chrome via
low detection method 7199. To initiate sampling operations, a soil sample was obtained from an
area in the northeast corner of the 901 parcel on which no boat repair operations were historically
performed (labeled BF). This background sample and all additional soil samples obtained from
both the 901 and 909 parcels were obtained via hand auger from in -situ soils at an approximate
depth of 6" to 10" below surface. Samples collected from the 901 parcel were obtained from
areas of the site where boat repair and coatings operations were historically performed and
labeled B2, B3, and B4. Refer to Figure 2 for locations of background sample B1 and in -situ
samples B2, B3, and B4.

Samples obtained from the 909 Shepard Street parcel on July 27, 2023 were obtained from areas
of the site on which petroleum service station and treated marine timber storage operations were
performed in the approximate locations illustrated on Figure 2 and labeled B5 though B10. The
soil samples from both Shepard Street parcels were obtained as specified in the collection,
preservation, and handling section of the specific method. Each container was labeled with
sample location, analyses to be performed, time, date, and the sampler's name. They were then
placed in a cooler and chilled with ice to approximately 40C in preparation for transportation to
the analytical laboratory utilizing EPA approved chain of custody procedures.
Laboratory analytical results for the stockpiled concrete debris samples collected on June 15,
2023 failed to indicate the presence of any TCLP metals in these materials above Method
Detection Limits. Analytical results for all in -situ samples B2 through B9 collected from
historical boat repair, service station, and marine timber storage locations at the 901 and 909
parcels failed to indicate the presence of any RCRA metals in soils above NCDEQ PSRGs.
Background soil sample Bl obtained from the northeast corner of the 901 Shepard Street parcel
exhibited Arsenic at a concentration of 5.78 mg/kg, above Residential/Industrial/Commercial
PSRGs but below its Protection of Groundwater PSRG of 5.8 mg/kg. No other RCRA metals
were above PSRGs in background sample Bl. Table 1 summarizes the laboratory analytical
results for samples collected from the 901 Shepard Street parcel including background sample
B 1, and Table 2 summarizes results for samples B5 through B 10 obtained from the 909 Shepard
Street parcel. Appendix A contains a copy of the laboratory analytical report and chain of
custody records for the concrete debris TCLP metals samples, along with RCRA metals
analytical results for the 901 and 909 in -situ soil samples.
Review of the 1949 USGS topographic map included as Figure 1 verifies that some or all of the
surface soils which currently comprise the entire 901 Shepard Street parcel originated from off -
site sources of unknown origin. In 1984, the USGS published a paper (# 1270) documenting
naturally occurring elemental concentrations in soils in the eastern coastal plain. Page 4 of this
paper documents that Arsenic concentration in soils averages 7.2 mg/kg. Since the Arsenic
concentration in background sample Bl obtained from the northeast corner of the 901 parcel
indicated a concentration of 5.78 mg/kg, it can be concluded that some of the soils obtained from
unknown off -site sources which were used to fill in the northeastern corner of the 901 Shepard
Street parcel contain naturally occurring Arsenic at a concentration below the documented USGS
average. A portion of this USGS publication is included in Appendix B.
Based on my evaluation of the analytical data obtained from the 901 and 909 Shepard Street
parcels, I find no reason to warrant further metals investigations of these sites. Mr. Hamad,
please contact me at [phone] if you have questions regarding this report.
Sincerely,
Henry Nemargut, P.E., Henry Nemargut Engineering Services

FIGURES

FIGURE 1: HISTORICAL USGS TOPO MAP - 1949
lg
_1 c y ►�
-'� - -J wer
any �q
... is IJ E
Non
o
)n
JWa,ll oe r
J ------- j ism
13
T , 901 Parcel Location
bor
far -'�
WA 7-ER wA Y

a
LL
r

TABLES

Table 1
RCRA Metals Soil Laboratory Analytical Results
Residence @ 9th - 901 Parcel, PIN # 63861960560000
901 Shepard Street, Morehead City, NC 28557
ANALYTE
SAMPLE IDENTIFICATION
Protection of
Groundwater
PSRG
Residential
PSRG
Industrial/Commercial
PSRG
B1 (Backg)
B2
B3
B4
SAMPLE DEPTH (feetbgs)
0.5' - 0.75'
0.5' -0.75'
0.5' -0.75'
0.5' -0.75'
Priority Pollutant Metals (mg/kg)
Arsenic
5.78
BDL
BDL
BDL
5.8
0.68
3
Barium
90.4
30.3
32.3
15.6
580
3,100
47,000
Cadmium
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
3.0
14
200
Chromium, total
8.48
2.68
3.01
5.61
360,000
23,000
350,000
Chromium VI*
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
3.8
0.31
6.5
Lead
29.3
43.3
38.7
77.3
270
400
800
Mercury
0.134
0.121
0.117
0.126
1.0
2.3
9.7
Selenium
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
2.1
78
1,200
Silver
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
3.4
78
1,200
Note:
Metals analysis via Method 6010D, 7471B
* Hex Chrome via 7199

Table 2
RCRA Metals Soil Laboratory Analytical Results
Residence @ 9th - 909 Parcel, PIN # 6386196035660000
901 Shepard Street, Morehead City, NC 28557
ANALYTE
SAMPLE IDENTIFICATION
Protection of
Groundwater
PSRG
Residential
PSRG
hid/Comm
PSRG
B5
B6
I B7
I B8
I B9
B10
SAMPLE DEPTH (feetbgs)
0.5' - 0.75'
0.5' -0.75'
0.5' -0.75'
0.5' -0.75'
0.5' -0.75'
0.5' -0.75'
Priority Pollutant Metals (mg/kg)
Arsenic
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
5.8
0.68
3
Barium
11.2
8.89
2.95
5
2.3
8.33
580
3,100
47,000
Cadmium
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
3.0
14
200
Chromium, total
5.7
6.36
2.66
3.32
3.54
5.65
360,000
23,000
350,000
Chromium VI*
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
3.8
0.31
6.5
Lead
31.5
8.17
1.65
25.8
1.38
13
270
400
800
Mercury
BDL
0.0815
BDL
0.0746
BDL
0.0496
1.0
2.3
9.7
Selenium
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
2.1
78
1,200
Silver
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
BDL
3.4
78
1,200
Note:
Metals analysis via Method 6010D, 7471B
* Hex Chrome via 7199

ATTACHMENT A
ANALYTICAL REPORT

ace
Pace Analytical Services, LLC
9800 Kincey Ave. Suite 100
Huntersville, NC 28078
[phone]
August 07, 2023
Henry Nemargut
Henry Nemargut Engineering
2211 Chestnut Street
Wilmington, NC 28405
RE: Project: RESIDENCE @9TH-901
Pace Project No.: 92679695
Dear Henry Nemargut:
Enclosed are the analytical results for sample(s) received by the laboratory on July 28, 2023. The results relate only to the
samples included in this report. Results reported herein conform to the applicable TNI/NELAC Standards and the
laboratory's Quality Manual, where applicable, unless otherwise noted in the body of the report.
The test results provided in this final report were generated by each of the following laboratories within the Pace Network:
• Pace National - Mt. Juliet
If you have any questions concerning this report, please feel free to contact me.
Sincerely,
Bonnie Vang
[e-mail]
[phone]
Project Manager
Enclosures
REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS
This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
without the written consent of Pace Analytical Services, LLC.
Page 1 of 21

Project: RESIDENCE @9TH-901
Pace Project No.: 92679695
Pace Analytical Services National
12065 Lebanon Road, Mt. Juliet, TN 37122
Alabama Certification #: 40660
Alaska Certification 17-026
Arizona Certification #: AZ0612
Arkansas Certification #: 88-0469
California Certification #: 2932
Canada Certification #: 1461.01
Colorado Certification #: TN00003
Connecticut Certification #: PH-0197
DOD Certification: #1461.01
EPA# TN00003
Florida Certification #: E87487
Georgia DW Certification #: 923
Georgia Certification: NELAP
Idaho Certification #: TN00003
Illinois Certification #: 200008
Indiana Certification #: C-TN-01
Iowa Certification #: 364
Kansas Certification #: E-10277
Kentucky UST Certification #: 16
Kentucky Certification #: 90010
Louisiana Certification #: A130792
Louisiana DW Certification #: LA180010
Maine Certification #: TN0002
Maryland Certification #: 324
Massachusetts Certification #: M-TNO03
Michigan Certification #: 9958
Minnesota Certification #: 047-999-395
Mississippi Certification #: TN00003
Missouri Certification #: 340
Montana Certification #: CERT0086
Nebraska Certification #: NE-OS-15-05
CERTIFICATIONS
Nevada Certification #: TN-03-2002-34
New Hampshire Certification #: 2975
New Jersey Certification #: TNO02
New Mexico DW Certification
New York Certification #: 11742
North Carolina Aquatic Toxicity Certification #: 41
North Carolina Drinking Water Certification #: 21704
North Carolina Environmental Certificate #: 375
North Dakota Certification #: R-140
Ohio VAP Certification #: CL0069
Oklahoma Certification #: 9915
Oregon Certification #: TN200002
Pennsylvania Certification #: 68-02979
Rhode Island Certification #: LA000356
South Carolina Certification #: 84004
South Dakota Certification
Tennessee DW/Chem/Micro Certification #: 2006
Texas Certification #: T 104704245-17-14
Texas Mold Certification #: LAB0152
USDA Soil Permit #: P330-15-00234
Utah Certification #: TN00003
Virginia Certification #: VT2006
Vermont Dept. of Health: ID# VT-2006
Virginia Certification #: 460132
Washington Certification #: C847
West Virginia Certification #: 233
Wisconsin Certification #: 998093910
Wyoming UST Certification #: via A21-A 2926.01
A21-A-ISO 17025 Certification #: 1461.01
A21-A-ISO 17025 Certification #: 1461.02
AIHA-LAP/LLC EMLAP Certification #:100789
REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS
Pace Analytical Services, LLC
9800 Kincey Ave. Suite 100
Huntersville, NC 28078
[phone]
This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
without the written consent of Pace Analytical Services, LLC.
Page 2 of 21

SAMPLE SUMMARY
Project: RESIDENCE @9TH-901
Pace Project No.: 92679695
Lab ID
Sample ID
Matrix
Date Collected
Date Received
92679695001
131
Solid
07/27/23 09:05
07/28/23 09:36
92679695002
132
Solid
07/27/23 09:15
07/28/23 09:36
92679695003
133
Solid
07/27/23 09:25
07/28/23 09:36
92679695004
134
Solid
07/27/23 09:30
07/28/23 09:36
REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS
This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
without the written consent of Pace Analytical Services, LLC.
Pace Analytical Services, LLC
9800 Kincey Ave. Suite 100
Huntersville, NC 28078
[phone]
Page 3 of 21

SAMPLE ANALYTE COUNT
Project: RESIDENCE @9TH-901
Pace Project No.: 92679695
Lab ID Sample ID Method
92679695001 131
92679695002 132
92679695003 133
92679695004 134
PAN = Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Pace Analytical Services, LLC
9800 Kincey Ave. Suite 100
Huntersville, NC 28078
[phone]
Analytes
Analysts Reported Laboratory
EPA 6010D
ZSA
7
PAN
EPA 7471 B
LAS
1
PAN
SM 2540G
CMK
1
PAN
EPA 7199
SET
1
PAN
EPA 6010D
ZSA
7
PAN
EPA 7471 B
LAS
1
PAN
SM 2540G
CMK
1
PAN
EPA 7199
SET
1
PAN
EPA 6010D
ZSA
7
PAN
EPA 7471 B
LAS
1
PAN
SM 2540G
CMK
1
PAN
EPA 7199
SET
1
PAN
EPA 6010D
ZSA
7
PAN
EPA 7471 B
LAS
1
PAN
SM 2540G
CMK
1
PAN
EPA 7199
SET
1
PAN
REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS
This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
without the written consent of Pace Analytical Services, LLC.
Page 4 of 21

Project: RESIDENCE @9TH-901
Pace Project No.: 92679695
Lab Sample ID
Method
Client Sample ID
Parameters
SUMMARY OF DETECTION
Resu It
Pace Analytical Services, LLC
9800 Kincey Ave. Suite 100
Huntersville, NC 28078
[phone]
Units Report Limit Analyzed Qualifiers
92679695001
B1
EPA 6010D
Arsenic
5.78
mg/kg
2.33
08/03/23 11:00
EPA 6010D
Barium
90.4
mg/kg
0.583
08/03/23 11:00
EPA 6010D
Chromium
8.48
mg/kg
1.17
08/03/23 11:00
EPA 6010D
Lead
29.3
mg/kg
0.583
08/03/23 11:00
EPA 7471 B
Mercury
0.134
mg/kg
0.0466
08/04/23 10:38
SM 2540G
Total Solids
78.7
%
08/01/23 09:58
SM 2540G
Total Solids
85.8
%
08/02/23 07:13
92679695002
B2
EPA 6010D
Barium
30.3
mg/kg
0.531
08/03/23 11:03
EPA 6010D
Chromium
2.68
mg/kg
1.06
08/03/23 11:03
EPA 6010D
Lead
43.3
mg/kg
0.531
08/03/23 11:03
EPA 7471 B
Mercury
0.121
mg/kg
0.0425
08/04/23 10:46
SM 2540G
Total Solids
82.7
%
08/01/23 09:58
SM 2540G
Total Solids
94.1
%
08/02/23 07:13
92679695003
B3
EPA 6010D
Barium
32.2
mg/kg
0.530
08/03/23 11:06
EPA 6010D
Chromium
3.01
mg/kg
1.06
08/03/23 11:06
EPA 6010D
Lead
38.7
mg/kg
0.530
08/03/23 11:06
EPA 7471 B
Mercury
0.117
mg/kg
0.0424
08/04/23 10:48
SM 2540G
Total Solids
85.7
%
08/01/23 09:58
SM 2540G
Total Solids
94.3
%
08/02/23 07:13
92679695004
B4
EPA 6010D
Barium
15.6
mg/kg
0.703
08/03/23 11:08
EPA 6010D
Chromium
5.61
mg/kg
1.41
08/03/23 11:08
EPA 6010D
Lead
77.3
mg/kg
0.703
08/03/23 11:08
EPA 7471 B
Mercury
0.126
mg/kg
0.0563
08/04/23 10:51
SM 2540G
Total Solids
74.6
%
08/01/23 09:36
SM 2540G
Total Solids
71.1
%
08/02/23 06:46
REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS
This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
without the written consent of Pace Analytical Services, LLC.
Page 5 of 21

ANALYTICAL RESULTS
Project: RESIDENCE @9TH-901
Pace Project No.: 92679695
Pace Analytical Services, LLC
9800 Kincey Ave. Suite 100
Huntersville, NC 28078
[phone]
Sample: 131 Lab ID: 92679695001 Collected: 07/27/23 09:05 Received: 07/28/23 09:36 Matrix: Solid
Results reported on a "dry weight" basis and are adjusted for percent moisture, sample size and any dilutions.
Parameters Results Units Report Limit DF Prepared Analyzed CAS No. Qual
Metals (ICP) 6010D Analytical Method: EPA 6010D Preparation Method: 3050B
Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Arsenic
5.78
mg/kg
2.33
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:00
7440-38-2
Barium
90.4
mg/kg
0.583
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:00
7440-39-3
Cadmium
ND
mg/kg
0.583
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:00
7440-43-9
Chromium
8.48
mg/kg
1.17
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:00
7440-47-3
Lead
29.3
mg/kg
0.583
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:00
7439-92-1
Selenium
ND
mg/kg
2.33
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:00
7782-49-2
Silver
ND
mg/kg
1.17
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:00
7440-22-4
Mercury 7471 B Analytical Method: EPA 7471 B Preparation Method: 7471 A
Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Mercury
0.134 mg/kg 0.0466 1 08/03/2312:00
08/04/2310:38 7439-97-6
Total Solids 2540 G-2011
Analytical Method: SM 2540G Preparation Method: SM 2540 G
Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Total Solids
78.7 % 1 08/01 /23 09:44
08/01 /23 09:58
Total Solids
85.8 % 1 08/02/23 07:05
08/02/23 07:13
Wet Chemistry 7199
Analytical Method: EPA 7199 Preparation Method: 3060A
Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Chromium, Hexavalent
ND mg/kg 1.27 1 08/01/23 17:52
08/02/23 10:49 18540-29-9
Date: 08/07/2023 08:47 AM
REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS
This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
without the written consent of Pace Analytical Services, LLC.
Page 6 of 21

ANALYTICAL RESULTS
Project: RESIDENCE @9TH-901
Pace Project No.: 92679695
Pace Analytical Services, LLC
9800 Kincey Ave. Suite 100
Huntersville, NC 28078
[phone]
Sample: 132 Lab ID: 92679695002 Collected: 07/27/23 09:15 Received: 07/28/23 09:36 Matrix: Solid
Results reported on a "dry weight" basis and are adjusted for percent moisture, sample size and any dilutions.
Parameters Results Units Report Limit DF Prepared Analyzed CAS No. Qual
Metals (ICP) 6010D Analytical Method: EPA 6010D Preparation Method: 3050B
Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Arsenic
ND
mg/kg
2.13
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:03
7440-38-2
Barium
30.3
mg/kg
0.531
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:03
7440-39-3
Cadmium
ND
mg/kg
0.531
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:03
7440-43-9
Chromium
2.68
mg/kg
1.06
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:03
7440-47-3
Lead
43.3
mg/kg
0.531
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:03
7439-92-1
Selenium
ND
mg/kg
2.13
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:03
7782-49-2
Silver
ND
mg/kg
1.06
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:03
7440-22-4
Mercury 7471 B Analytical Method: EPA 7471 B Preparation Method: 7471 A
Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Mercury
0.121 mg/kg 0.0425 1 08/03/2312:00
08/04/2310:46 7439-97-6
Total Solids 2540 G-2011
Analytical Method: SM 2540G Preparation Method: SM 2540 G
Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Total Solids
82.7 % 1 08/01 /23 09:44
08/01 /23 09:58
Total Solids
94.1 % 1 08/02/23 07:05
08/02/23 07:13
Wet Chemistry 7199
Analytical Method: EPA 7199 Preparation Method: 3060A
Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Chromium, Hexavalent
ND mg/kg 1.21 1 08/01/23 17:52
08/02/23 10:54 18540-29-9
Date: 08/07/2023 08:47 AM
REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS
This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
without the written consent of Pace Analytical Services, LLC.
Page 7 of 21

ANALYTICAL RESULTS
Project: RESIDENCE @9TH-901
Pace Project No.: 92679695
Pace Analytical Services, LLC
9800 Kincey Ave. Suite 100
Huntersville, NC 28078
[phone]
Sample: 133 Lab ID: 92679695003 Collected: 07/27/23 09:25 Received: 07/28/23 09:36 Matrix: Solid
Results reported on a "dry weight" basis and are adjusted for percent moisture, sample size and any dilutions.
Parameters Results Units Report Limit DF Prepared Analyzed CAS No. Qual
Metals (ICP) 6010D Analytical Method: EPA 6010D Preparation Method: 3050B
Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Arsenic
ND
mg/kg
2.12
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:06
7440-38-2
Barium
32.2
mg/kg
0.530
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:06
7440-39-3
Cadmium
ND
mg/kg
0.530
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:06
7440-43-9
Chromium
3.01
mg/kg
1.06
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:06
7440-47-3
Lead
38.7
mg/kg
0.530
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:06
7439-92-1
Selenium
ND
mg/kg
2.12
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:06
7782-49-2
Silver
ND
mg/kg
1.06
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:06
7440-22-4
Mercury 7471 B Analytical Method: EPA 7471 B Preparation Method: 7471 A
Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Mercury
0.117 mg/kg 0.0424 1 08/03/2312:00
08/04/2310:48 7439-97-6
Total Solids 2540 G-2011
Analytical Method: SM 2540G Preparation Method: SM 2540 G
Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Total Solids
85.7 % 1 08/01 /23 09:44
08/01 /23 09:58
Total Solids
94.3 % 1 08/02/23 07:05
08/02/23 07:13
Wet Chemistry 7199
Analytical Method: EPA 7199 Preparation Method: 3060A
Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Chromium, Hexavalent
ND mg/kg 1.17 1 08/01/23 17:52
08/02/23 11:20 18540-29-9
Date: 08/07/2023 08:47 AM
REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS
This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
without the written consent of Pace Analytical Services, LLC.
Page 8 of 21

ANALYTICAL RESULTS
Project: RESIDENCE @9TH-901
Pace Project No.: 92679695
Pace Analytical Services, LLC
9800 Kincey Ave. Suite 100
Huntersville, NC 28078
[phone]
Sample: 134 Lab ID: 92679695004 Collected: 07/27/23 09:30 Received: 07/28/23 09:36 Matrix: Solid
Results reported on a "dry weight" basis and are adjusted for percent moisture, sample size and any dilutions.
Parameters Results Units Report Limit DF Prepared Analyzed CAS No. Qual
Metals (ICP) 6010D Analytical Method: EPA 6010D Preparation Method: 3050B
Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Arsenic
ND
mg/kg
2.81
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:08
7440-38-2
Barium
15.6
mg/kg
0.703
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:08
7440-39-3
Cadmium
ND
mg/kg
0.703
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:08
7440-43-9
Chromium
5.61
mg/kg
1.41
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:08
7440-47-3
Lead
77.3
mg/kg
0.703
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:08
7439-92-1
Selenium
ND
mg/kg
2.81
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:08
7782-49-2
Silver
ND
mg/kg
1.41
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:08
7440-22-4
Mercury 7471 B Analytical Method: EPA 7471 B Preparation Method: 7471 A
Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Mercury
0.126 mg/kg 0.0563 1 08/03/2312:00
08/04/2310:51 7439-97-6
Total Solids 2540 G-2011
Analytical Method: SM 2540G Preparation Method: SM 2540 G
Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Total Solids
74.6 % 1 08/01 /23 09:24
08/01 /23 09:36
Total Solids
71.1 % 1 08/02/23 06:39
08/02/23 06:46
Wet Chemistry 7199
Analytical Method: EPA 7199 Preparation Method: 3060A
Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Chromium, Hexavalent
ND mg/kg 1.34 1 08/01/23 17:52
08/02/23 11:26 18540-29-9
Date: 08/07/2023 08:47 AM
REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS
This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
without the written consent of Pace Analytical Services, LLC.
Page 9 of 21

QUALITY CONTROL DATA
Project: RESIDENCE @9TH-901
Pace Project No.: 92679695
QC Batch: 2106131 Analysis Method: EPA 601 OD
QC Batch Method: 3050B Analysis Description: Metals (ICP) 601OD
Laboratory: Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Associated Lab Samples: 92679695001, 92679695002, 92679695003, 92679695004
METHOD BLANK: R3956451-1
Matrix: Solid
Associated Lab Samples:
92679695001, 92679695002,
92679695003, 92679695004
Blank
Reporting
Parameter
Units
Result
Limit
Analyzed
Arsenic
mg/kg
ND
2.00
08/03/23 10:08
Barium
mg/kg
ND
0.500
08/03/23 10:08
Cadmium
mg/kg
ND
0.500
08/03/23 10:08
Chromium
mg/kg
ND
1.00
08/03/23 10:08
Lead
mg/kg
ND
0.500
08/03/23 10:08
Selenium
mg/kg
ND
2.00
08/03/23 10:08
Silver
mg/kg
ND
1.00
08/03/23 10:08
LABORATORY CONTROL SAMPLE: R3956451-2
Parameter Units
Spike LCS LCS % Rec
Conc. Result % Rec Limits
Arsenic
mg/kg
100
99.4
99.4
80.0-120
Barium
mg/kg
100
101
101
80.0-120
Cadmium
mg/kg
100
96.4
96.4
80.0-120
Chromium
mg/kg
100
96.6
96.6
80.0-120
Lead
mg/kg
100
95.8
95.8
80.0-120
Selenium
mg/kg
100
95.1
95.1
80.0-120
Silver
mg/kg
20.0
18.8
94.1
80.0-120
MATRIX SPIKE & MATRIX SPIKE DUPLICATE: R3956451-5
MS MSD
L1640456-11 Spike Spike
Parameter Units Resu It Conc. Conc.
Arsenic
mg/kg
2.90
100
100
Barium
mg/kg
92.9
100
100
Cadmium
mg/kg
0.547
100
100
Chromium
mg/kg
5.97
100
100
Lead
mg/kg
0.358
100
100
Selenium
mg/kg
ND
100
100
Silver
mg/kg
ND
20.0
20.0
Pace Analytical Services, LLC
9800 Kincey Ave. Suite 100
Huntersville, NC 28078
[phone]
Qualifiers
R3956451-6
MS
MSD
MS
MSD % Rec
Max
Result
Result
% Rec
% Rec Limits
RPD
RPD Qual
122
116
119
113 75.0-125
4.85
20
204
171
111
77.6 75.0-125
17.8
20
114
110
113
109 75.0-125
3.72
20
104
100
98.0
94.2 75.0-125
3.72
20
106
102
106
102 75.0-125
3.61
20
112
108
112
108 75.0-125
3.58
20
22.9
22.2
115
111 75.0-125
3.25
20
Results presented on this page are in the units indicated by the "Units" column except where an alternate unit is presented to the right of the result.
REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS
This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
Date: 08/07/2023 08:47 AM without the written consent of Pace Analytical Services, LLC.
Page 10 of 21

Pace Analytical Services, LLC
9800 Kincey Ave. Suite 100
Huntersville, NC 28078
[phone]
QUALITY CONTROL DATA
Project: RESIDENCE @9TH-901
Pace Project No.: 92679695
QC Batch: 2106853 Analysis Method: EPA 7471 B
QC Batch Method: 7471 A Analysis Description: Mercury 7471 B
Laboratory: Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Associated Lab Samples: 92679695001, 92679695002, 92679695003, 92679695004
METHOD BLANK: R3956848-1 Matrix: Solid
Associated Lab Samples: 92679695001, 92679695002, 92679695003, 92679695004
Blank Reporting
Parameter Units Result Limit Analyzed Qualifiers
Mercury mg/kg ND 0.0400 08/04/2310:00
LABORATORY CONTROL SAMPLE: R3956848-2
Spike LCS LCS % Rec
Parameter Units Conc. Result % Rec Limits Qualifiers
Mercury mg/kg 0.500 0.483 96.6 80.0-120
MATRIX SPIKE & MATRIX SPIKE DUPLICATE: R3956848-3 R3956848-4
MS MSD
L1640162-03 Spike Spike MS MSD MS MSD % Rec Max
Parameter Units Result Conc. Conc. Result Result % Rec % Rec Limits RPD RPD Qual
Mercury mg/kg ND 0.591 0.591 0.536 0.535 90.8 90.5 75.0-125 0.322 20
Results presented on this page are in the units indicated by the "Units" column except where an alternate unit is presented to the right of the result.
REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS
This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
Date: 08/07/2023 08:47 AM without the written consent of Pace Analytical Services, LLC.
Page 11 of 21

Pace Analytical Services, LLC
9800 Kincey Ave. Suite 100
Huntersville, NC 28078
[phone]
QUALITY CONTROL DATA
Project: RESIDENCE @9TH-901
Pace Project No.: 92679695
QC Batch: 2104638 Analysis Method: SM 2540G
QC Batch Method: SM 2540 G Analysis Description: Total Solids 2540 G-2011
Laboratory: Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Associated Lab Samples: 92679695001, 92679695002, 92679695003
METHOD BLANK: R3955380-1 Matrix: Solid
Associated Lab Samples: 92679695001, 92679695002, 92679695003
Blank Reporting
Parameter Units Result Limit Analyzed Qualifiers
Total Solids % 0.00300 08/01/23 09:58
LABORATORY CONTROL SAMPLE: R3955380-2
Spike LCS LCS % Rec
Parameter Units Conc. Result % Rec Limits Qualifiers
Total Solids % 50.0 50.0 100 85.0-115
SAMPLE DUPLICATE: R3955380-3
L1640147-10 Dup Max
Parameter Units Result Result RPD RPD Qualifiers
Total Solids % 72.7 74.5 2.47 10
Results presented on this page are in the units indicated by the "Units" column except where an alternate unit is presented to the right of the result.
REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS
This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
Date: 08/07/2023 08:47 AM without the written consent of Pace Analytical Services, LLC.
Page 12 of 21

Pace Analytical Services, LLC
9800 Kincey Ave. Suite 100
Huntersville, NC 28078
[phone]
QUALITY CONTROL DATA
Project: RESIDENCE @9TH-901
Pace Project No.: 92679695
QC Batch: 2104652 Analysis Method: SM 2540G
QC Batch Method: SM 2540 G Analysis Description: Total Solids 2540 G-2011
Laboratory: Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Associated Lab Samples: 92679695004
METHOD BLANK: R3955572-1
Associated Lab Samples: 92679695004
Parameter Units
Matrix: Solid
Blank Reporting
Analyzed Qualifiers
Total Solids % 0.00100 08/01/23 09:36
LABORATORY CONTROL SAMPLE: R3955572-2
Spike LCS LCS % Rec
Parameter Units Conc. Result % Rec Limits Qualifiers
Total Solids % 50.0 50.0 100 85.0-115
SAMPLE DUPLICATE: R3955572-3
L1640162-03 Dup Max
Parameter Units Result Result RPD RPD Qualifiers
Total Solids % 84.6 83.8 0.999 10
Results presented on this page are in the units indicated by the "Units" column except where an alternate unit is presented to the right of the result.
REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS
This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
Date: 08/07/2023 08:47 AM without the written consent of Pace Analytical Services, LLC.
Page 13 of 21

Pace Analytical Services, LLC
9800 Kincey Ave. Suite 100
Huntersville, NC 28078
[phone]
QUALITY CONTROL DATA
Project: RESIDENCE @9TH-901
Pace Project No.: 92679695
QC Batch: 2106051 Analysis Method: SM 2540G
QC Batch Method: SM 2540 G Analysis Description: Total Solids 2540 G-2011
Laboratory: Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Associated Lab Samples: 92679695001, 92679695002, 92679695003
METHOD BLANK: R3955924-1 Matrix: Solid
Associated Lab Samples: 92679695001, 92679695002, 92679695003
Blank Reporting
Parameter Units Result Limit Analyzed Qualifiers
Total Solids % 0.00300 08/02/23 07:13
LABORATORY CONTROL SAMPLE: R3955924-2
Spike LCS LCS % Rec
Parameter Units Conc. Result % Rec Limits Qualifiers
Total Solids % 50.0 50.0 100 85.0-115
SAMPLE DUPLICATE: R3955924-3
L1641087-01 Dup Max
Parameter Units Result Result RPD RPD Qualifiers
Total Solids % 81.5 82.2 0.848 10
Results presented on this page are in the units indicated by the "Units" column except where an alternate unit is presented to the right of the result.
REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS
This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
Date: 08/07/2023 08:47 AM without the written consent of Pace Analytical Services, LLC.
Page 14 of 21

Pace Analytical Services, LLC
9800 Kincey Ave. Suite 100
Huntersville, NC 28078
[phone]
QUALITY CONTROL DATA
Project: RESIDENCE @9TH-901
Pace Project No.: 92679695
QC Batch: 2106052 Analysis Method: SM 2540G
QC Batch Method: SM 2540 G Analysis Description: Total Solids 2540 G-2011
Laboratory: Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Associated Lab Samples: 92679695004
METHOD BLANK: R3955920-1
Associated Lab Samples: 92679695004
Parameter Units
Matrix: Solid
Blank Reporting
Analyzed Qualifiers
Total Solids % 0.00200 08/02/23 06:46
LABORATORY CONTROL SAMPLE: R3955920-2
Spike LCS LCS % Rec
Parameter Units Conc. Result % Rec Limits Qualifiers
Total Solids % 50.0 50.0 100 85.0-115
SAMPLE DUPLICATE: R3955920-3
L1640467-02 Dup Max
Parameter Units Result Result RPD RPD Qualifiers
Total Solids % 78.3 77.9 0.564 10
Results presented on this page are in the units indicated by the "Units" column except where an alternate unit is presented to the right of the result.
REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS
This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
Date: 08/07/2023 08:47 AM without the written consent of Pace Analytical Services, LLC.
Page 15 of 21

QUALITY CONTROL DATA
Project: RESIDENCE @9TH-901
Pace Project No.: 92679695
QC Batch: 2104471 Analysis Method: EPA 7199
QC Batch Method: 3060A Analysis Description: Wet Chemistry 7199
Laboratory: Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Associated Lab Samples: 92679695001, 92679695002, 92679695003, 92679695004
METHOD BLANK: R3955974-1 Matrix: Solid
Associated Lab Samples: 92679695001, 92679695002, 92679695003, 92679695004
Blank Reporting
Parameter Units Result Limit Analyzed Qualifiers
Chromium, Hexavalent
mg/kg ND 1.00 08/02/23 10:37
LABORATORY CONTROL SAMPLE: R3955974-2
Parameter Units
Chromium, Hexavalent
Pace Analytical Services, LLC
9800 Kincey Ave. Suite 100
Huntersville, NC 28078
[phone]
Spike LCS LCS % Rec
Conc. Result % Rec Limits Qualifiers
mg/kg 10.0 10.9 109 80.0-120
MATRIX SPIKE & MATRIX SPIKE DUPLICATE: R3955974-3 R3955974-4
MS MSD
92679695002 Spike Spike MS MSD MS MSD % Rec Max
Parameter Units Result Conc. Conc. Result Result % Rec % Rec Limits RPD RPD Qual
Chromium, Hexavalent mg/kg 0.393 24.2 24.2 26.2 25.6 107 104 75.0-125 2.35 20
MATRIX SPIKE SAMPLE:
R3955974-5
92679695002
Spike
MS
MS
% Rec
Parameter
Units
Result
Conc.
Result
% Rec
Limits Qualifiers
Chromium, Hexavalent
mg/kg
0.393
777
680
87.5
75.0-125
SAMPLE DUPLICATE: R3955974-7
92679695004
Dup
Max
Parameter
Units
Result
Result
RPD
RPD
Qualifiers
Chromium, Hexavalent
mg/kg
ND
ND
0.00
20
SAMPLE DUPLICATE: R3955974-8
L1640179-04
Dup
Max
Parameter
Units
Result
Result
RPD
RPD
Qualifiers
Chromium, Hexavalent
mg/kg
0.559
ND
5.94
20
Results presented on this page are in the units indicated by the "Units" column except where an alternate unit is presented to the right of the result.
REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS
This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
Date: 08/07/2023 08:47 AM without the written consent of Pace Analytical Services, LLC.
Page 16 of 21

Pace Analytical Services, LLC
9800 Kincey Ave. Suite 100
Huntersville, NC 28078
[phone]
QUALIFIERS
Project: RESIDENCE @9TH-901
Pace Project No.: 92679695
DEFINITIONS
DF - Dilution Factor, if reported, represents the factor applied to the reported data due to dilution of the sample aliquot.
ND - Not Detected at or above adjusted reporting limit.
TNTC - Too Numerous To Count
J - Estimated concentration above the adjusted method detection limit and below the adjusted reporting limit.
MDL -Adjusted Method Detection Limit.
PQL - Practical Quantitation Limit.
RL - Reporting Limit - The lowest concentration value that meets project requirements for quantitative data with known precision and
bias for a specific analyte in a specific matrix.
S - Surrogate
1,2-Diphenylhydrazine decomposes to and cannot be separated from Azobenzene using Method 8270. The result for each analyte is
a combined concentration.
Consistent with EPA guidelines, unrounded data are displayed and have been used to calculate % recovery and RPD values.
LCS(D) - Laboratory Control Sample (Duplicate)
MS(D) - Matrix Spike (Duplicate)
DUP - Sample Duplicate
RPD - Relative Percent Difference
NC - Not Calculable.
SG - Silica Gel - Clean -Up
U - Indicates the compound was analyzed for, but not detected.
Acid preservation may not be appropriate for 2 Chloroethylvinyl ether.
A separate vial preserved to a pH of 4-5 is recommended in SW846 Chapter 4 for the analysis of Acrolein and Acrylonitrile by EPA
Method 8260.
N-Nitrosodiphenylamine decomposes and cannot be separated from Diphenylamine using Method 8270. The result reported for
each analyte is a combined concentration.
Reported results are not rounded until the final step prior to reporting. Therefore, calculated parameters that are typically reported as
"Total" may vary slightly from the sum of the reported component parameters.
Pace Analytical is TN accredited. Contact your Pace PM for the current list of accredited analytes.
TNI - The N E LAC Institute.
REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS
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Date: 08/07/2023 08:47 AM without the written consent of Pace Analytical Services, LLC. Page 17 of 21

Pace Analytical Services, LLC
9800 Kincey Ave. Suite 100
Huntersville, NC 28078
[phone]
QUALITY CONTROL DATA CROSS REFERENCE TABLE
Project:
Pace Project No.:
RESIDENCE @9TH-901
92679695
Analytical
Lab ID
Sample ID
QC Batch Method
QC Batch
Analytical Method
Batch
92679695001
B1
3050B
2106131
EPA 6010 D
2106131
92679695002
B2
3050B
2106131
EPA 6010D
2106131
92679695003
B3
3050B
2106131
EPA 6010D
2106131
92679695004
B4
3050B
2106131
EPA 6010 D
2106131
92679695001
B1
7471A
2106853
EPA 7471 B
2106853
92679695002
B2
7471A
2106853
EPA 7471 B
2106853
92679695003
B3
7471A
2106853
EPA 7471 B
2106853
92679695004
B4
7471A
2106853
EPA 7471 B
2106853
92679695001
B1
SM 2540 G
2104638
SM 2540G
2104638
92679695001
B1
SM 2540 G
2106051
SM 2540G
2106051
92679695002
B2
SM 2540 G
2104638
SM 2540G
2104638
92679695002
B2
SM 2540 G
2106051
SM 2540G
2106051
92679695003
B3
SM 2540 G
2104638
SM 2540G
2104638
92679695003
B3
SM 2540 G
2106051
SM 2540G
2106051
92679695004
B4
SM 2540 G
2104652
SM 2540G
2104652
92679695004
B4
SM 2540 G
2106052
SM 2540G
2106052
92679695001
B1
3060A
2104471
EPA 7199
2104471
92679695002
B2
3060A
2104471
EPA 7199
2104471
92679695003
B3
3060A
2104471
EPA 7199
2104471
92679695004
B4
3060A
2104471
EPA 7199
2104471
Date: 08/07/2023 08:47 AM
REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS
This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
without the written consent of Pace Analytical Services, LLC.
Page 18 of 21

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ace
Pace Analytical Services, LLC
9800 Kincey Ave. Suite 100
Huntersville, NC 28078
[phone]
August 07, 2023
Henry Nemargut
Henry Nemargut Engineering
2211 Chestnut Street
Wilmington, NC 28405
RE: Project: RESIDENCE @9TH-909
Pace Project No.: 92679694
Dear Henry Nemargut:
Enclosed are the analytical results for sample(s) received by the laboratory on July 28, 2023. The results relate only to the
samples included in this report. Results reported herein conform to the applicable TNI/NELAC Standards and the
laboratory's Quality Manual, where applicable, unless otherwise noted in the body of the report.
The test results provided in this final report were generated by each of the following laboratories within the Pace Network:
• Pace National - Mt. Juliet
If you have any questions concerning this report, please feel free to contact me.
Sincerely,
Bonnie Vang
[e-mail]
[phone]
Project Manager
Enclosures
REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS
This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
without the written consent of Pace Analytical Services, LLC.
Page 1 of 22

Project: RESIDENCE @9TH-909
Pace Project No.: 92679694
Pace Analytical Services National
12065 Lebanon Road, Mt. Juliet, TN 37122
Alabama Certification #: 40660
Alaska Certification 17-026
Arizona Certification #: AZ0612
Arkansas Certification #: 88-0469
California Certification #: 2932
Canada Certification #: 1461.01
Colorado Certification #: TN00003
Connecticut Certification #: PH-0197
DOD Certification: #1461.01
EPA# TN00003
Florida Certification #: E87487
Georgia DW Certification #: 923
Georgia Certification: NELAP
Idaho Certification #: TN00003
Illinois Certification #: 200008
Indiana Certification #: C-TN-01
Iowa Certification #: 364
Kansas Certification #: E-10277
Kentucky UST Certification #: 16
Kentucky Certification #: 90010
Louisiana Certification #: A130792
Louisiana DW Certification #: LA180010
Maine Certification #: TN0002
Maryland Certification #: 324
Massachusetts Certification #: M-TNO03
Michigan Certification #: 9958
Minnesota Certification #: 047-999-395
Mississippi Certification #: TN00003
Missouri Certification #: 340
Montana Certification #: CERT0086
Nebraska Certification #: NE-OS-15-05
CERTIFICATIONS
Nevada Certification #: TN-03-2002-34
New Hampshire Certification #: 2975
New Jersey Certification #: TNO02
New Mexico DW Certification
New York Certification #: 11742
North Carolina Aquatic Toxicity Certification #: 41
North Carolina Drinking Water Certification #: 21704
North Carolina Environmental Certificate #: 375
North Dakota Certification #: R-140
Ohio VAP Certification #: CL0069
Oklahoma Certification #: 9915
Oregon Certification #: TN200002
Pennsylvania Certification #: 68-02979
Rhode Island Certification #: LA000356
South Carolina Certification #: 84004
South Dakota Certification
Tennessee DW/Chem/Micro Certification #: 2006
Texas Certification #: T 104704245-17-14
Texas Mold Certification #: LAB0152
USDA Soil Permit #: P330-15-00234
Utah Certification #: TN00003
Virginia Certification #: VT2006
Vermont Dept. of Health: ID# VT-2006
Virginia Certification #: 460132
Washington Certification #: C847
West Virginia Certification #: 233
Wisconsin Certification #: 998093910
Wyoming UST Certification #: via A21-A 2926.01
A21-A-ISO 17025 Certification #: 1461.01
A21-A-ISO 17025 Certification #: 1461.02
AIHA-LAP/LLC EMLAP Certification #:100789
REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS
Pace Analytical Services, LLC
9800 Kincey Ave. Suite 100
Huntersville, NC 28078
[phone]
This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
without the written consent of Pace Analytical Services, LLC.
Page 2 of 22

SAMPLE SUMMARY
Project: RESIDENCE @9TH-909
Pace Project No.: 92679694
Lab ID
Sample ID
Matrix
Date Collected
Date Received
92679694001
135
Solid
07/27/23 09:45
07/28/23 09:36
92679694002
136
Solid
07/27/23 09:55
07/28/23 09:36
92679694003
137
Solid
07/27/23 10:10
07/28/23 09:36
92679694004
138
Solid
07/27/23 10:25
07/28/23 09:36
92679694005
139
Solid
07/27/23 10:45
07/28/23 09:36
92679694006
B10
Solid
07/27/23 11:05
07/28/23 09:36
REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS
This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
without the written consent of Pace Analytical Services, LLC.
Pace Analytical Services, LLC
9800 Kincey Ave. Suite 100
Huntersville, NC 28078
[phone]
Page 3 of 22

Pace Analytical Services, LLC
9800 Kincey Ave. Suite 100
Huntersville, NC 28078
[phone]
SAMPLE ANALYTE COUNT
Project:
Pace Project No.:
RESIDENCE @9TH-909
92679694
Analytes
Lab ID
Sample ID
Method
Analysts
Reported
Laboratory
92679694001
135
EPA 6010 D
ZSA
7
PAN
EPA 7471 B
LAS
1
PAN
SM 2540G
CMK
1
PAN
EPA 7199
SET
1
PAN
92679694002
136
EPA 6010 D
ZSA
7
PAN
EPA 7471 B
LAS
1
PAN
SM 2540G
CMK
1
PAN
EPA 7199
SET
1
PAN
92679694003
137
EPA 6010 D
ZSA
7
PAN
EPA 7471 B
LAS
1
PAN
SM 2540G
CMK
1
PAN
EPA 7199
SET
1
PAN
92679694004
138
EPA 6010 D
ZSA
7
PAN
EPA 7471 B
LAS
1
PAN
SM 2540G
CMK
1
PAN
EPA 7199
SET
1
PAN
92679694005
139
EPA 6010 D
ZSA
7
PAN
EPA 7471 B
LAS
1
PAN
SM 2540G
CMK
1
PAN
EPA 7199
SET
1
PAN
92679694006
B 10
EPA 6010 D
ZSA
7
PAN
EPA 7471 B
LAS
1
PAN
SM 2540G
CMK
1
PAN
EPA 7199
SET
1
PAN
PAN = Pace National - Mt. Juliet
REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS
This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
without the written consent of Pace Analytical Services, LLC.
Page 4 of 22

Project: RESIDENCE @9TH-909
Pace Project No.: 92679694
Lab Sample ID
Method
Client Sample ID
Parameters
SUMMARY OF DETECTION
Resu It
Pace Analytical Services, LLC
9800 Kincey Ave. Suite 100
Huntersville, NC 28078
[phone]
Units Report Limit Analyzed Qualifiers
92679694001
B5
EPA 6010 D
Barium
11.2
mg/kg
0.865
08/03/23 11:16
EPA 6010D
Chromium
5.70
mg/kg
1.73
08/03/23 11:16
EPA 6010D
Lead
31.5
mg/kg
0.865
08/03/23 11:16
SM 2540G
Total Solids
79.5
%
08/01/23 09:36
SM 2540G
Total Solids
57.8
%
08/02/23 06:46
92679694002
B6
EPA 6010D
Barium
8.89
mg/kg
0.623
08/03/23 11:19
EPA 6010D
Chromium
6.36
mg/kg
1.25
08/03/23 11:19
EPA 6010D
Lead
8.17
mg/kg
0.623
08/03/23 11:19
EPA 7471 B
Mercury
0.0815
mg/kg
0.0498
08/04/23 10:55
SM 2540G
Total Solids
83.4
%
08/01/23 09:36
SM 2540G
Total Solids
80.3
%
08/02/23 06:46
92679694003
B7
EPA 6010 D
Barium
2.95
mg/kg
0.641
08/03/23 11:22
EPA 6010D
Chromium
2.66
mg/kg
1.28
08/03/23 11:22
EPA 6010D
Lead
1.65
mg/kg
0.641
08/03/23 11:22
SM 2540G
Total Solids
84.6
%
08/01/23 09:36
SM 2540G
Total Solids
78.0
%
08/02/23 06:46
92679694004
B8
EPA 6010D
Barium
5.00
mg/kg
0.623
08/03/23 11:24
EPA 6010D
Chromium
3.32
mg/kg
1.25
08/03/23 11:24
EPA 6010D
Lead
25.8
mg/kg
0.623
08/03/23 11:24
EPA 7471 B
Mercury
0.0746
mg/kg
0.0499
08/04/23 11:00
SM 2540G
Total Solids
81.6
%
08/01/23 09:36
SM 2540G
Total Solids
80.2
%
08/02/23 06:46
92679694005
B9
EPA 6010D
Barium
2.30
mg/kg
0.627
08/03/23 11:27
EPA 6010D
Chromium
3.54
mg/kg
1.25
08/03/23 11:27
EPA 6010D
Lead
1.38
mg/kg
0.627
08/03/23 11:27
SM 2540G
Total Solids
80.5
%
08/01/23 09:36
SM 2540G
Total Solids
79.7
%
08/02/23 06:46
92679694006
B10
EPA 6010 D
Barium
8.33
mg/kg
0.618
08/03/23 11:30
EPA 6010D
Chromium
5.65
mg/kg
1.24
08/03/23 11:30
EPA 6010D
Lead
13.0
mg/kg
0.618
08/03/23 11:30
EPA 7471 B
Mercury
0.0496
mg/kg
0.0494
08/04/23 11:05
SM 2540G
Total Solids
82.1
%
08/01/23 09:36
SM 2540G
Total Solids
80.9
%
08/02/23 06:46
REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS
This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
without the written consent of Pace Analytical Services, LLC.
Page 5 of 22

ANALYTICAL RESULTS
Project: RESIDENCE @9TH-909
Pace Project No.: 92679694
Pace Analytical Services, LLC
9800 Kincey Ave. Suite 100
Huntersville, NC 28078
[phone]
Sample: 135 Lab ID: 92679694001 Collected: 07/27/23 09:45 Received: 07/28/23 09:36 Matrix: Solid
Results reported on a "dry weight" basis and are adjusted for percent moisture, sample size and any dilutions.
Parameters Results Units Report Limit DF Prepared Analyzed CAS No. Qual
Metals (ICP) 6010D Analytical Method: EPA 6010D Preparation Method: 3050B
Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Arsenic
ND
mg/kg
3.46
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:16
7440-38-2
Barium
11.2
mg/kg
0.865
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:16
7440-39-3
Cadmium
ND
mg/kg
0.865
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:16
7440-43-9
Chromium
5.70
mg/kg
1.73
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:16
7440-47-3
Lead
31.5
mg/kg
0.865
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:16
7439-92-1
Selenium
ND
mg/kg
3.46
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:16
7782-49-2
Silver
ND
mg/kg
1.73
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:16
7440-22-4
Mercury 7471 B Analytical Method: EPA 7471 B Preparation Method: 7471 A
Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Mercury
ND mg/kg 0.0692 1 08/03/2312:00
08/04/2310:53 7439-97-6
Total Solids 2540 G-2011
Analytical Method: SM 2540G Preparation Method: SM 2540 G
Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Total Solids
79.5 % 1 08/01 /23 09:24
08/01 /23 09:36
Total Solids
57.8 % 1 08/02/23 06:39
08/02/23 06:46
Wet Chemistry 7199
Analytical Method: EPA 7199 Preparation Method: 3060A
Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Chromium, Hexavalent
ND mg/kg 1.26 1 08/01 /23 08:01
08/01 /23 15:38 18540-29-9
Date: 08/07/2023 08:45 AM
REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS
This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
without the written consent of Pace Analytical Services, LLC.
Page 6 of 22

ANALYTICAL RESULTS
Project: RESIDENCE @9TH-909
Pace Project No.: 92679694
Pace Analytical Services, LLC
9800 Kincey Ave. Suite 100
Huntersville, NC 28078
[phone]
Sample: 136 Lab ID: 92679694002 Collected: 07/27/23 09:55 Received: 07/28/23 09:36 Matrix: Solid
Results reported on a "dry weight" basis and are adjusted for percent moisture, sample size and any dilutions.
Parameters Results Units Report Limit DF Prepared Analyzed CAS No. Qual
Metals (ICP) 6010D Analytical Method: EPA 6010D Preparation Method: 3050B
Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Arsenic
ND
mg/kg
2.49
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:19
7440-38-2
Barium
8.89
mg/kg
0.623
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:19
7440-39-3
Cadmium
ND
mg/kg
0.623
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:19
7440-43-9
Chromium
6.36
mg/kg
1.25
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:19
7440-47-3
Lead
8.17
mg/kg
0.623
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:19
7439-92-1
Selenium
ND
mg/kg
2.49
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:19
7782-49-2
Silver
ND
mg/kg
1.25
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:19
7440-22-4
Mercury 7471 B Analytical Method: EPA 7471 B Preparation Method: 7471 A
Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Mercury
0.0815 mg/kg 0.0498 1 08/03/2312:00
08/04/2310:55 7439-97-6
Total Solids 2540 G-2011
Analytical Method: SM 2540G Preparation Method: SM 2540 G
Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Total Solids
83.4 % 1 08/01 /23 09:24
08/01 /23 09:36
Total Solids
80.3 % 1 08/02/23 06:39
08/02/23 06:46
Wet Chemistry 7199
Analytical Method: EPA 7199 Preparation Method: 3060A
Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Chromium, Hexavalent
ND mg/kg 1.20 1 08/01 /23 08:01
08/01 /23 15:43 18540-29-9
Date: 08/07/2023 08:45 AM
REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS
This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
without the written consent of Pace Analytical Services, LLC.
Page 7 of 22

ANALYTICAL RESULTS
Project: RESIDENCE @9TH-909
Pace Project No.: 92679694
Pace Analytical Services, LLC
9800 Kincey Ave. Suite 100
Huntersville, NC 28078
[phone]
Sample: 137 Lab ID: 92679694003 Collected: 07/27/23 10:10 Received: 07/28/23 09:36 Matrix: Solid
Results reported on a "dry weight" basis and are adjusted for percent moisture, sample size and any dilutions.
Parameters Results Units Report Limit DF Prepared Analyzed CAS No. Qual
Metals (ICP) 6010D Analytical Method: EPA 6010D Preparation Method: 3050B
Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Arsenic
ND
mg/kg
2.56
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:22
7440-38-2
Barium
2.95
mg/kg
0.641
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:22
7440-39-3
Cadmium
ND
mg/kg
0.641
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:22
7440-43-9
Chromium
2.66
mg/kg
1.28
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:22
7440-47-3
Lead
1.65
mg/kg
0.641
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:22
7439-92-1
Selenium
ND
mg/kg
2.56
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:22
7782-49-2
Silver
ND
mg/kg
1.28
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:22
7440-22-4
Mercury 7471 B Analytical Method: EPA 7471 B Preparation Method: 7471 A
Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Mercury
ND mg/kg 0.0513 1 08/03/2312:00
08/04/2310:58 7439-97-6
Total Solids 2540 G-2011
Analytical Method: SM 2540G Preparation Method: SM 2540 G
Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Total Solids
84.6 % 1 08/01 /23 09:24
08/01 /23 09:36
Total Solids
78.0 % 1 08/02/23 06:39
08/02/23 06:46
Wet Chemistry 7199
Analytical Method: EPA 7199 Preparation Method: 3060A
Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Chromium, Hexavalent
ND mg/kg 1.18 1 08/01/23 17:52
08/02/23 11:46 18540-29-9
Date: 08/07/2023 08:45 AM
REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS
This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
without the written consent of Pace Analytical Services, LLC.
Page 8 of 22

ANALYTICAL RESULTS
Project: RESIDENCE @9TH-909
Pace Project No.: 92679694
Pace Analytical Services, LLC
9800 Kincey Ave. Suite 100
Huntersville, NC 28078
[phone]
Sample: 138 Lab ID: 92679694004 Collected: 07/27/23 10:25 Received: 07/28/23 09:36 Matrix: Solid
Results reported on a "dry weight" basis and are adjusted for percent moisture, sample size and any dilutions.
Parameters Results Units Report Limit DF Prepared Analyzed CAS No. Qual
Metals (ICP) 6010D Analytical Method: EPA 6010D Preparation Method: 3050B
Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Arsenic
ND
mg/kg
2.49
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:24
7440-38-2
Barium
5.00
mg/kg
0.623
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:24
7440-39-3
Cadmium
ND
mg/kg
0.623
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:24
7440-43-9
Chromium
3.32
mg/kg
1.25
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:24
7440-47-3
Lead
25.8
mg/kg
0.623
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:24
7439-92-1
Selenium
ND
mg/kg
2.49
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:24
7782-49-2
Silver
ND
mg/kg
1.25
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:24
7440-22-4
Mercury 7471 B Analytical Method: EPA 7471 B Preparation Method: 7471 A
Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Mercury
0.0746 mg/kg 0.0499 1 08/03/2312:00
08/04/2311:00 7439-97-6
Total Solids 2540 G-2011
Analytical Method: SM 2540G Preparation Method: SM 2540 G
Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Total Solids
81.6 % 1 08/01 /23 09:24
08/01 /23 09:36
Total Solids
80.2 % 1 08/02/23 06:39
08/02/23 06:46
Wet Chemistry 7199
Analytical Method: EPA 7199 Preparation Method: 3060A
Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Chromium, Hexavalent
ND mg/kg 1.23 1 08/01/23 17:52
08/02/23 11:51 18540-29-9
Date: 08/07/2023 08:45 AM
REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS
This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
without the written consent of Pace Analytical Services, LLC.
Page 9 of 22

ANALYTICAL RESULTS
Project: RESIDENCE @9TH-909
Pace Project No.: 92679694
Pace Analytical Services, LLC
9800 Kincey Ave. Suite 100
Huntersville, NC 28078
[phone]
Sample: 139 Lab ID: 92679694005 Collected: 07/27/23 10:45 Received: 07/28/23 09:36 Matrix: Solid
Results reported on a "dry weight" basis and are adjusted for percent moisture, sample size and any dilutions.
Parameters Results Units Report Limit DF Prepared Analyzed CAS No. Qual
Metals (ICP) 6010D Analytical Method: EPA 6010D Preparation Method: 3050B
Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Arsenic
ND
mg/kg
2.51
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:27
7440-38-2
Barium
2.30
mg/kg
0.627
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:27
7440-39-3
Cadmium
ND
mg/kg
0.627
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:27
7440-43-9
Chromium
3.54
mg/kg
1.25
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:27
7440-47-3
Lead
1.38
mg/kg
0.627
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:27
7439-92-1
Selenium
ND
mg/kg
2.51
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:27
7782-49-2
Silver
ND
mg/kg
1.25
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:27
7440-22-4
Mercury 7471 B Analytical Method: EPA 7471 B Preparation Method: 7471 A
Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Mercury
ND mg/kg 0.0502 1 08/03/2312:00
08/04/2311:03 7439-97-6
Total Solids 2540 G-2011
Analytical Method: SM 2540G Preparation Method: SM 2540 G
Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Total Solids
80.5 % 1 08/01 /23 09:24
08/01 /23 09:36
Total Solids
79.7 % 1 08/02/23 06:39
08/02/23 06:46
Wet Chemistry 7199
Analytical Method: EPA 7199 Preparation Method: 3060A
Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Chromium, Hexavalent
ND mg/kg 1.24 1 08/01/23 17:52
08/02/23 11:57 18540-29-9
Date: 08/07/2023 08:45 AM
REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS
This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
without the written consent of Pace Analytical Services, LLC.
Page 10 of 22

ANALYTICAL RESULTS
Project: RESIDENCE @9TH-909
Pace Project No.: 92679694
Pace Analytical Services, LLC
9800 Kincey Ave. Suite 100
Huntersville, NC 28078
[phone]
Sample: B10 Lab ID: 92679694006 Collected: 07/27/23 11:05 Received: 07/28/23 09:36 Matrix: Solid
Results reported on a "dry weight" basis and are adjusted for percent moisture, sample size and any dilutions.
Parameters Results Units Report Limit DF Prepared Analyzed CAS No. Qual
Metals (ICP) 6010D Analytical Method: EPA 6010D Preparation Method: 3050B
Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Arsenic
ND
mg/kg
2.47
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:30
7440-38-2
Barium
8.33
mg/kg
0.618
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:30
7440-39-3
Cadmium
ND
mg/kg
0.618
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:30
7440-43-9
Chromium
5.65
mg/kg
1.24
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:30
7440-47-3
Lead
13.0
mg/kg
0.618
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:30
7439-92-1
Selenium
ND
mg/kg
2.47
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:30
7782-49-2
Silver
ND
mg/kg
1.24
1
08/02/23 08:11
08/03/23 11:30
7440-22-4
Mercury 7471 B Analytical Method: EPA 7471 B Preparation Method: 7471 A
Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Mercury
0.0496 mg/kg 0.0494 1 08/03/2312:00
08/04/2311:05 7439-97-6
Total Solids 2540 G-2011
Analytical Method: SM 2540G Preparation Method: SM 2540 G
Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Total Solids
80.9 % 1 08/02/23 06:39
08/02/23 06:46
Total Solids
82.1 % 1 08/01 /23 09:24
08/01 /23 09:36
Wet Chemistry 7199
Analytical Method: EPA 7199 Preparation Method: 3060A
Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Chromium, Hexavalent
ND mg/kg 1.22 1 08/01/23 17:52
08/02/23 12:02 18540-29-9
Date: 08/07/2023 08:45 AM
REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS
This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
without the written consent of Pace Analytical Services, LLC.
Page 11 of 22

QUALITY CONTROL DATA
Project: RESIDENCE @9TH-909
Pace Project No.: 92679694
QC Batch: 2106131 Analysis Method: EPA 601 OD
QC Batch Method: 3050B Analysis Description: Metals (ICP) 601OD
Laboratory: Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Associated Lab Samples: 92679694001, 92679694002, 92679694003, 92679694004, 92679694005, 92679694006
METHOD BLANK: R3956451-1 Matrix: Solid
Associated Lab Samples: 92679694001) 92679694002) 92679694003) 92679694004) 92679694005) 92679694006
Blank Reporting
Parameter Units Result Limit Analyzed Qualifiers
Arsenic
mg/kg
ND
2.00
08/03/23 10:08
Barium
mg/kg
ND
0.500
08/03/23 10:08
Cadmium
mg/kg
ND
0.500
08/03/23 10:08
Chromium
mg/kg
ND
1.00
08/03/23 10:08
Lead
mg/kg
ND
0.500
08/03/23 10:08
Selenium
mg/kg
ND
2.00
08/03/23 10:08
Silver
mg/kg
ND
1.00
08/03/23 10:08
LABORATORY CONTROL SAMPLE: R3956451-2
Parameter Units
Spike LCS LCS % Rec
Conc. Result % Rec Limits
Arsenic
mg/kg
100
99.4
99.4
80.0-120
Barium
mg/kg
100
101
101
80.0-120
Cadmium
mg/kg
100
96.4
96.4
80.0-120
Chromium
mg/kg
100
96.6
96.6
80.0-120
Lead
mg/kg
100
95.8
95.8
80.0-120
Selenium
mg/kg
100
95.1
95.1
80.0-120
Silver
mg/kg
20.0
18.8
94.1
80.0-120
MATRIX SPIKE & MATRIX SPIKE DUPLICATE: R3956451-5 R3956451-6
MS MSD
L1640456-11 Spike Spike MS MSD
Parameter Units Resu It Conc. Conc. Result Resu It
Arsenic
mg/kg
2.90
100
100
122
116
Barium
mg/kg
92.9
100
100
204
171
Cadmium
mg/kg
0.547
100
100
114
110
Chromium
mg/kg
5.97
100
100
104
100
Lead
mg/kg
0.358
100
100
106
102
Selenium
mg/kg
ND
100
100
112
108
Silver
mg/kg
ND
20.0
20.0
22.9
22.2
Pace Analytical Services, LLC
9800 Kincey Ave. Suite 100
Huntersville, NC 28078
[phone]
Qualifiers
MS
MSD % Rec
Max
% Rec
% Rec Limits
RPD
RPD Qual
119
113 75.0-125
4.85
20
111
77.6 75.0-125
17.8
20
113
109 75.0-125
3.72
20
98.0
94.2 75.0-125
3.72
20
106
102 75.0-125
3.61
20
112
108 75.0-125
3.58
20
115
111 75.0-125
3.25
20
Results presented on this page are in the units indicated by the "Units" column except where an alternate unit is presented to the right of the result.
REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS
This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
Date: 08/07/2023 08:45 AM without the written consent of Pace Analytical Services, LLC.
Page 12 of 22

Pace Analytical Services, LLC
9800 Kincey Ave. Suite 100
Huntersville, NC 28078
[phone]
QUALITY CONTROL DATA
Project: RESIDENCE @9TH-909
Pace Project No.: 92679694
QC Batch: 2106853 Analysis Method: EPA 7471 B
QC Batch Method: 7471 A Analysis Description: Mercury 7471 B
Laboratory: Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Associated Lab Samples: 92679694001, 92679694002, 92679694003, 92679694004, 92679694005, 92679694006
METHOD BLANK: R3956848-1 Matrix: Solid
Associated Lab Samples: 92679694001) 92679694002) 92679694003) 92679694004) 92679694005) 92679694006
Blank Reporting
Parameter Units Result Limit Analyzed Qualifiers
Mercury mg/kg ND 0.0400 08/04/2310:00
LABORATORY CONTROL SAMPLE: R3956848-2
Spike LCS LCS % Rec
Parameter Units Conc. Result % Rec Limits Qualifiers
Mercury mg/kg 0.500 0.483 96.6 80.0-120
MATRIX SPIKE & MATRIX SPIKE DUPLICATE: R3956848-3 R3956848-4
MS MSD
L1640162-03 Spike Spike MS MSD MS MSD % Rec Max
Parameter Units Result Conc. Conc. Result Result % Rec % Rec Limits RPD RPD Qual
Mercury mg/kg ND 0.591 0.591 0.536 0.535 90.8 90.5 75.0-125 0.322 20
Results presented on this page are in the units indicated by the "Units" column except where an alternate unit is presented to the right of the result.
REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS
This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
Date: 08/07/2023 08:45 AM without the written consent of Pace Analytical Services, LLC.
Page 13 of 22

Pace Analytical Services, LLC
9800 Kincey Ave. Suite 100
Huntersville, NC 28078
[phone]
QUALITY CONTROL DATA
Project: RESIDENCE @9TH-909
Pace Project No.: 92679694
QC Batch: 2104652 Analysis Method: SM 2540G
QC Batch Method: SM 2540 G Analysis Description: Total Solids 2540 G-2011
Laboratory: Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Associated Lab Samples: 92679694001, 92679694002, 92679694003, 92679694004, 92679694005, 92679694006
METHOD BLANK: R3955572-1 Matrix: Solid
Associated Lab Samples: 92679694001) 92679694002) 92679694003) 92679694004) 92679694005) 92679694006
Blank Reporting
Parameter Units Result Limit Analyzed Qualifiers
Total Solids % 0.00100 08/01/23 09:36
LABORATORY CONTROL SAMPLE: R3955572-2
Spike LCS LCS % Rec
Parameter Units Conc. Result % Rec Limits Qualifiers
Total Solids % 50.0 50.0 100 85.0-115
SAMPLE DUPLICATE: R3955572-3
92679694003 Dup Max
Parameter Units Result Result RPD RPD Qualifiers
Total Solids % 84.6 83.8 0.999 10
Results presented on this page are in the units indicated by the "Units" column except where an alternate unit is presented to the right of the result.
REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS
This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
Date: 08/07/2023 08:45 AM without the written consent of Pace Analytical Services, LLC.
Page 14 of 22

Pace Analytical Services, LLC
9800 Kincey Ave. Suite 100
Huntersville, NC 28078
[phone]
QUALITY CONTROL DATA
Project: RESIDENCE @9TH-909
Pace Project No.: 92679694
QC Batch: 2106052 Analysis Method: SM 2540G
QC Batch Method: SM 2540 G Analysis Description: Total Solids 2540 G-2011
Laboratory: Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Associated Lab Samples: 92679694001, 92679694002, 92679694003, 92679694004, 92679694005, 92679694006
METHOD BLANK: R3955920-1 Matrix: Solid
Associated Lab Samples: 92679694001) 92679694002) 92679694003) 92679694004) 92679694005) 92679694006
Blank Reporting
Parameter Units Result Limit Analyzed Qualifiers
Total Solids % 0.00200 08/02/23 06:46
LABORATORY CONTROL SAMPLE: R3955920-2
Spike LCS LCS % Rec
Parameter Units Conc. Result % Rec Limits Qualifiers
Total Solids % 50.0 50.0 100 85.0-115
SAMPLE DUPLICATE: R3955920-3
L1640467-02 Dup Max
Parameter Units Result Result RPD RPD Qualifiers
Total Solids % 78.3 77.9 0.564 10
Results presented on this page are in the units indicated by the "Units" column except where an alternate unit is presented to the right of the result.
REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS
This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
Date: 08/07/2023 08:45 AM without the written consent of Pace Analytical Services, LLC.
Page 15 of 22

QUALITY CONTROL DATA
Project: RESIDENCE @9TH-909
Pace Project No.: 92679694
QC Batch: 2104468 Analysis Method: EPA 7199
QC Batch Method: 3060A Analysis Description: Wet Chemistry 7199
Laboratory: Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Associated Lab Samples: 92679694001, 92679694002
METHOD BLANK: R3955463-1 Matrix: Solid
Associated Lab Samples: 92679694001, 92679694002
Blank Reporting
Parameter Units Result Limit Analyzed Qualifiers
Chromium, Hexavalent
mg/kg ND 1.00 08/01 /23 14:28
LABORATORY CONTROL SAMPLE: R3955463-2
Parameter Units
Chromium, Hexavalent
Pace Analytical Services, LLC
9800 Kincey Ave. Suite 100
Huntersville, NC 28078
[phone]
Spike LCS LCS % Rec
Conc. Result % Rec Limits Qualifiers
mg/kg 10.0 11.4 114 80.0-120
MATRIX SPIKE & MATRIX SPIKE DUPLICATE: R3955463-3 R3955463-4
MS MSD
L1639593-01 Spike Spike MS MSD MS MSD % Rec Max
Parameter Units Result Conc. Conc. Result Result % Rec % Rec Limits RPD RPD Qual
Chromium, Hexavalent mg/kg ND 20.0 20.0 0.384 12.8 1.92 63.9 75.0-125 188 20 ML, R1
MATRIX SPIKE SAMPLE:
R3955463-5
L1639593-01
Spike
MS
MS
% Rec
Parameter
Units
Result
Conc.
Result
% Rec
Limits Qualifiers
Chromium, Hexavalent
mg/kg
ND
648
383
59.1
75.0-125 ML
SAMPLE DUPLICATE: R3955463-7
L1639849-01
Dup
Max
Parameter
Units
Result
Result
RPD
RPD
Qualifiers
Chromium, Hexavalent
mg/kg
ND
ND
0.00
20
SAMPLE DUPLICATE: R3955463-8
L1640469-05
Dup
Max
Parameter
Units
Result
Result
RPD
RPD
Qualifiers
Chromium, Hexavalent
mg/kg
ND
ND
0.00
20
Results presented on this page are in the units indicated by the "Units" column except where an alternate unit is presented to the right of the result.
REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS
This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
Date: 08/07/2023 08:45 AM without the written consent of Pace Analytical Services, LLC.
Page 16 of 22

QUALITY CONTROL DATA
Project: RESIDENCE @9TH-909
Pace Project No.: 92679694
QC Batch: 2104471 Analysis Method: EPA 7199
QC Batch Method: 3060A Analysis Description: Wet Chemistry 7199
Laboratory: Pace National - Mt. Juliet
Associated Lab Samples: 92679694003, 92679694004, 92679694005, 92679694006
METHOD BLANK: R3955974-1 Matrix: Solid
Associated Lab Samples: 92679694003, 92679694004, 92679694005, 92679694006
Blank Reporting
Parameter Units Result Limit Analyzed Qualifiers
Chromium, Hexavalent
mg/kg ND 1.00 08/02/23 10:37
LABORATORY CONTROL SAMPLE: R3955974-2
Parameter Units
Chromium, Hexavalent
Pace Analytical Services, LLC
9800 Kincey Ave. Suite 100
Huntersville, NC 28078
[phone]
Spike LCS LCS % Rec
Conc. Result % Rec Limits Qualifiers
mg/kg 10.0 10.9 109 80.0-120
MATRIX SPIKE & MATRIX SPIKE DUPLICATE: R3955974-3 R3955974-4
MS MSD
L1640161-02 Spike Spike MS MSD MS MSD % Rec Max
Parameter Units Result Conc. Conc. Result Result % Rec % Rec Limits RPD RPD Qual
Chromium, Hexavalent mg/kg 0.325 24.2 24.2 21.7 21.2 107 104 75.0-125 2.35 20
MATRIX SPIKE SAMPLE:
R3955974-5
L1640161-02
Spike
MS
MS
% Rec
Parameter
Units
Result
Conc.
Result
% Rec
Limits Qualifiers
Chromium, Hexavalent
mg/kg
0.325
777
562
87.5
75.0-125
SAMPLE DUPLICATE: R3955974-7
L1640161-04
Dup
Max
Parameter
Units
Result
Result
RPD
RPD
Qualifiers
Chromium, Hexavalent
mg/kg
ND
ND
0.00
20
SAMPLE DUPLICATE: R3955974-8
L1640179-04
Dup
Max
Parameter
Units
Result
Result
RPD
RPD
Qualifiers
Chromium, Hexavalent
mg/kg
0.559
ND
5.94
20
Results presented on this page are in the units indicated by the "Units" column except where an alternate unit is presented to the right of the result.
REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS
This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
Date: 08/07/2023 08:45 AM without the written consent of Pace Analytical Services, LLC.
Page 17 of 22

Pace Analytical Services, LLC
9800 Kincey Ave. Suite 100
Huntersville, NC 28078
[phone]
QUALIFIERS
Project: RESIDENCE @9TH-909
Pace Project No.: 92679694
DEFINITIONS
DF - Dilution Factor, if reported, represents the factor applied to the reported data due to dilution of the sample aliquot.
ND - Not Detected at or above adjusted reporting limit.
TNTC - Too Numerous To Count
J - Estimated concentration above the adjusted method detection limit and below the adjusted reporting limit.
MDL -Adjusted Method Detection Limit.
PQL - Practical Quantitation Limit.
RL - Reporting Limit - The lowest concentration value that meets project requirements for quantitative data with known precision and
bias for a specific analyte in a specific matrix.
S - Surrogate
1,2-Diphenylhydrazine decomposes to and cannot be separated from Azobenzene using Method 8270. The result for each analyte is
a combined concentration.
Consistent with EPA guidelines, unrounded data are displayed and have been used to calculate % recovery and RPD values.
LCS(D) - Laboratory Control Sample (Duplicate)
MS(D) - Matrix Spike (Duplicate)
DUP - Sample Duplicate
RPD - Relative Percent Difference
NC - Not Calculable.
SG - Silica Gel - Clean -Up
U - Indicates the compound was analyzed for, but not detected.
Acid preservation may not be appropriate for 2 Chloroethylvinyl ether.
A separate vial preserved to a pH of 4-5 is recommended in SW846 Chapter 4 for the analysis of Acrolein and Acrylonitrile by EPA
Method 8260.
N-Nitrosodiphenylamine decomposes and cannot be separated from Diphenylamine using Method 8270. The result reported for
each analyte is a combined concentration.
Reported results are not rounded until the final step prior to reporting. Therefore, calculated parameters that are typically reported as
"Total" may vary slightly from the sum of the reported component parameters.
Pace Analytical is TN accredited. Contact your Pace PM for the current list of accredited analytes.
TNI - The N E LAC Institute.
ANALYTE QUALIFIERS
ML Matrix spike recovery and/or matrix spike duplicate recovery was below laboratory control limits. Result may be biased
ow.
R1 RPD value was outside control limits.
REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS
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Date: 08/07/2023 08:45 AM without the written consent of Pace Analytical Services, LLC. Page 18 of 22

Pace Analytical Services, LLC
9800 Kincey Ave. Suite 100
Huntersville, NC 28078
[phone]
QUALITY CONTROL DATA CROSS REFERENCE TABLE
Project:
Pace Project No.:
RESIDENCE @9TH-909
92679694
Analytical
Lab ID
Sample ID
QC Batch Method
QC Batch
Analytical Method
Batch
92679694001
B5
3050B
2106131
EPA 6010D
2106131
92679694002
B6
3050B
2106131
EPA 6010D
2106131
92679694003
B7
3050B
2106131
EPA 6010D
2106131
92679694004
B8
3050B
2106131
EPA 6010D
2106131
92679694005
B9
3050B
2106131
EPA 6010D
2106131
92679694006
B10
3050B
2106131
EPA 6010 D
2106131
92679694001
B5
7471A
2106853
EPA 7471 B
2106853
92679694002
B6
7471A
2106853
EPA 7471 B
2106853
92679694003
B7
7471A
2106853
EPA 7471 B
2106853
92679694004
B8
7471A
2106853
EPA 7471 B
2106853
92679694005
B9
7471A
2106853
EPA 7471 B
2106853
92679694006
B10
7471A
2106853
EPA 7471 B
2106853
92679694001
B5
SM 2540 G
2104652
SM 2540G
2104652
92679694001
B5
SM 2540 G
2106052
SM 2540G
2106052
92679694002
B6
SM 2540 G
2104652
SM 2540G
2104652
92679694002
B6
SM 2540 G
2106052
SM 2540G
2106052
92679694003
B7
SM 2540 G
2104652
SM 2540G
2104652
92679694003
B7
SM 2540 G
2106052
SM 2540G
2106052
92679694004
B8
SM 2540 G
2104652
SM 2540G
2104652
92679694004
B8
SM 2540 G
2106052
SM 2540G
2106052
92679694005
B9
SM 2540 G
2104652
SM 2540G
2104652
92679694005
B9
SM 2540 G
2106052
SM 2540G
2106052
92679694006
B10
SM 2540 G
2104652
SM 2540G
2104652
92679694006
B10
SM 2540 G
2106052
SM 2540G
2106052
92679694001
B5
3060A
2104468
EPA 7199
2104468
92679694002
B6
3060A
2104468
EPA 7199
2104468
92679694003
B7
3060A
2104471
EPA 7199
2104471
92679694004
B8
3060A
2104471
EPA 7199
2104471
92679694005
B9
3060A
2104471
EPA 7199
2104471
92679694006
B10
3060A
2104471
EPA 7199
2104471
Date: 08/07/2023 08:45 AM
REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS
This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
without the written consent of Pace Analytical Services, LLC.
Page 19 of 22

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E

- ace DCif Title: ENV-FRM-HUN1-0083 v02 Sample Condition Upon Receipt
Effective Date: 11/14/2022
*Check mark top half of box if pH and/or dechlorination is verified and project I W®## : 92679694
within the acceptance range for preservation samples. PM: BV Due Date: 08/04/23
Exceptions: VOA, Coliform, TOC, Oil and Grease, DR0/801S (water) DOC. LLHg CLIENT: 92-Henr yNems
"Bottom half of box is to list number of bottles
***Checkall unpreserved Nitrates for chlorine
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-------- _.._. _ ._ _ _.._.=r- =r -• _=• ••6.•..,.:..a:..,,:.a =e,np„c.uc ,cn:prea, a aopy or mrs roan win ce sent to the north Carolina DENR Certification Office (i.e.
Out of hold, incorrect preservative, out of temp, incorrect containers.
Qualtrax ID: 69614 Page 2 of 2 Page 22 of 22
M

a ce Analytical
www.pacelabs.com
Pace Analytical Services, LLC
9800 Kincey Ave. Suite 100
Huntersville. NC 28078
[phone]
June 26, 2023
Henry Nemargut
Henry Nemargut Engineering
2211 Chestnut Street
Wilmington, NC 28405
RE: Project: RESIDENCE AT 9TH LLC
Pace Project No.: 92673011
Dear Henry Nemargut:
Enclosed are the analytical results for sample(s) received by the laboratory on June 16, 2023. The results relate only to the
samples included in this report. Results reported herein conform to the applicable TNI/NELAC Standards and the
laboratory's Quality Manual, where applicable, unless otherwise noted in the body of the report.
The test results provided in this final report were generated by each of the following laboratories within the Pace Network:
• Pace Analytical Services - Asheville
If you have any questions concerning this report, please feel free to contact me.
Sincerely,
�� A)
Bonnie Vang
[e-mail]
[phone]
Project Manager
Enclosures
pCCRF���
TNI
REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS
This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
without the written consent of Pace Analytical Services, LLC.
Page 1 of 12

Pace Analytical Services, LLC
ceAnalytical
9800 ncey Ave. Suite 100
078
Huntersville, NC 28078
www.pacelabSMITI
+/
[phone]
CERTIFICATIONS
Project: RESIDENCE AT 9TH LLC
Pace Project No.: 92673011
Pace Analytical Services Asheville
2225 Riverside Drive, Asheville, NC 28804
South Carolina Laboratory ID: 99030
Florida/NELAP Certification #: E87648
South Carolina Certification #: 99030001
North Carolina Drinking Water Certification #: 37712
UrginiaNELAP Certification #: 460222
North Carolina Wastewater Certification #: 40
REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS
This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
withoutthe written consent of Pace Analytical Services, LLC. Page 2 of 12

aceAnalytical
www.pacelabS.com
Pace Analytical Services, LLC
9800 Kincey Ave. Suite 100
Huntersville, NC 28078
[phone]
699 Jtl» BYO Jtl Jd9:� 1
Project: RESIDENCE AT 9TH LLC
Pace Project No.: 92673011
Lab ID
Sample ID
Matrix
Date Collected
Date Received
92673011001
92673011002
C-1
C-2
Solid
Solid
06/1423 21:05
06/1423 21:10
06/1623 11:30
06/1623 11:30
REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS
This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
withoutthe written consent of Pace Analytical Services, LLC. Page 3 of 12

aceAnalytical
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Pace Analytical Services, LLC
9800 Kincey Ave. Suite 100
Huntersville, NC 28078
[phone]
L,_1PtlUIII =1119�19wig 1�K011PIII 1
Project: RESIDENCE AT 9TH LLC
Pace Project No.: 92673011
Analytes
Lab ID Sample ID
Method
Analysts
Reported
Laboratory
92673011001 C-1
EPA 6010D
DBB1
7
PASI-A
EPA7470A
NMP
1
PASI-A
92673011002 C-2
EPA 6010D
DBB1
7
PASI-A
EPA7470A
NMP
1
PASI-A
PASI-A = Pace Analytical Services - Asheville
REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS
This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
without the written consent of Pace Analytical Services, LLC.
Page 4 of 12

aceAnalytical
www.pacelabe.com
Pace Analytical Services, LLC
9800 Kincey Ave. Suite 100
Hunterwille, NC 28078
[phone]
19�19Will IW-Al0N4Y110K
Project: RESIDENCE AT 9TH LLC
Pace Project No.: 92673011
Sample: C-1 Lab ID: 92673011001 Collected: 06/14/23 21:05 Received: 06/16/23 11 :30 Matrix: Solid
Results reported on a "dry weight" basis and are adjusted for percent moisture, sample size and any dilutions.
Parameters Results Units Report Limit DF Prepared Analyzed CAS No. Qual
6010 MET ICP, TCLP
Analytical Method: EPA6010D Preparation Method: EPA3010A
Leachate Method/Date: EPA1311; 06/19/2315:54 Initial pH: 5.52; Final
pH: 2
Pace Analytical Services - Asheville
Arsenic
ND mg/L 0.050 1 06/21/2300:09
06/21/231925
7440-38-2
Barium
ND mg/L 0.25 1 06/21/2300:09
06/21/231925
7440-39-3
Cadmium
ND mg/L 0.0050 1 06/21/2300:09
06/21/231925
7440-43-9
Chromium
ND mg/L 0.050 1 06/21/2300:09
06/21/231925
7440-47-3
Lead
ND mg/L 0.025 1 06/21/2300:09
06/21/231925
7439-92-1
Selenium
ND mg/L 0.10 1 06/21/2300:09
06/21/231925
7782-49-2
Silver
ND mg/L 0.025 1 06/21/2300:09
06/21/231925
7440-22-4
7470 Mercury, TCLP
Analytical Method: EPA7470A Preparation Method: EPA7470A
Leachate Method/Date: EPA1311; 06/19/2315:54 Initial pH: 5.52; Final
pH: 2
Pace Analytical Services - Asheville
Mercury
ND mg/L 0.00020 1 06/21/2310:37
06/23/2311 :23
7439-97-6
REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS
This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
Date: 06/26/2023 12:42 PM without the written consent of Pace Analytical Services, LLC. Page 5 of 12

aceAnalytical
www.pacelabe.com
Pace Analytical Services, LLC
9800 Kincey Ave. Suite 100
Hunterwille, NC 28078
[phone]
19�19Will IW-Al0N4Y110K
Project: RESIDENCE AT 9TH LLC
Pace Project No.: 92673011
Sample: C-2 Lab ID: 92673011002 Collected: 06/14/23 21:10 Received: 06/16/23 11 :30 Matrix: Solid
Results reported on a "dry weight" basis and are adjusted for percent moisture, sample size and any dilutions.
Parameters Results Units Report Limit DF Prepared Analyzed CAS No. Qual
6010 MET ICP, TCLP
Analytical Method: EPA6010D Preparation Method: EPA3010A
Leachate Method/Date: EPA1311; 06/19/2315:54 Initial pH: 5.75; Final
pH: 2
Pace Analytical Services - Asheville
Arsenic
ND mg/L 0.050 1 06/21/2300:09
06/21/231936
7440-38-2
Barium
ND mg/L 0.25 1 06/21/2300:09
06/21/231936
7440-39-3
Cadmium
ND mg/L 0.0050 1 06/21/2300:09
06/21/231936
7440-43-9
Chromium
ND mg/L 0.050 1 06/21/2300:09
06/21/231936
7440-47-3
Lead
ND mg/L 0.025 1 06/21/2300:09
06/21/231936
7439-92-1
Selenium
ND mg/L 0.10 1 06/21/2300:09
06/21/231936
7782-49-2
Silver
ND mg/L 0.025 1 06/21/2300:09
06/21/231936
7440-22-4
7470 Mercury, TCLP
Analytical Method: EPA7470A Preparation Method: EPA7470A
Leachate Method/Date: EPA1311; 06/19/2315:54 Initial pH: 5.75; Final
pH: 2
Pace Analytical Services - Asheville
Mercury
ND mg/L 0.00020 1 06/21/2310:37
06/23/2311 :30
7439-97-6
REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS
This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
Date: 06/26/2023 12:42 PM without the written consent of Pace Analytical Services, LLC. Page 6 of 12

aceAnalytical
www.pacelabSMITI
Pace Analytical Services, LLC
9800 Kincey Ave. Suite 100
Huntersville, NC 28078
[phone]
Project:
RESIDENCE AT 9TH LLC
Pace Project No.:
92673011
QC Batch:
781883
QC Batch Method:
EPA 7470A
Associated Lab Samples: 92673011001, 92673011002
QUALITY CONTROL DATA
Analysis Method: EPA 7470A
Analysis Description: 7470 Mercury TCLP
Laboratory: Pace Analytical Services -Asheville
METHOD BLANK: 4053805 Matrix: Water
Associated Lab Samples: 92673011001, 92673011002
Blank Reporting
Parameter Units Result Limit Analyzed Qualifiers
Mercury mg/L ND 0.00020 06/23/2311:14
LABORATORY CONTROL SAMPLE: 4056151
Spike
LCS LCS
% Rec
Parameter Units
Conic.
Result % Rec
Limits Qualifiers
Mercury mg/L
0.0025
0.0028 111
80-120
MATRIX SPIKE& MATRIX SPIKE DUPLICATE: 4056152
4056153
MS
MSD
92673011001 Spike
Spike
MS
MSD
MS MSD
% Rec
Max
Parameter Units Result Conic.
Conic.
Result
Result
% Rec % Rec
Limits
RPD RPD Qual
Mercury mg/L ND 0.0025
0.0025
0.0027
0.0026
104 100
75-125
4 20
Results presented on this page are in the units indicated by the "Units" column except where an alte mate unit is presented to the right of the result.
REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS
This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
Date: 06/26/2023 12:42 PM withoutthe written consent of Pace Analytical Services, LLC.
Page 7 of 12

aceAnalytical
www.pacelabSMITI
Pace Analytical Services, LLC
9800 Kincey Ave. Suite 100
Huntersville, NC 28078
[phone]
Project:
RESIDENCE AT 9TH LLC
Pace Project No.:
92673011
QC Batch:
781857
QC Batch Method:
EPA 3010A
Associated Lab Samples: 92673011001, 92673011002
QUALITY CONTROL DATA
Analysis Method: EPA6010D
Analysis Description: 6010 MET TCLP
Laboratory: Pace Analytical Services -Asheville
METHOD BLANK: 4053805
Matrix:
Water
Associated Lab Samples:
92673011001, 92673011002
Blank
Reporting
Parameter
Units
Result
Limit
Analyzed Qualifiers
Arsenic
mg/L
ND
0.050
06/21/2319:19
Barium
mg/L
ND
0.25
06/21/2319:19
Cadmium
mg/L
ND
0.0050
06/21/2319:19
Chromium
mg/L
ND
0.050
06/21/2319:19
Lead
mg/L
ND
0.025
06/21/2319:19
Selenium
mg/L
ND
0.10
06/21/2319:19
Silver
mg/L
ND
0.025
06/21/2319:19
LABORATORY CONTROL SAMPLE:
4056123
Spike
LCS
LCS
% Rec
Parameter
Units
Conic.
Result
% Rec
Limits Qualifiers
Arsenic
mg/L
2.5
2.3
92
80-120
Barium
mg/L
2.5
2.3
92
80-120
Cadmium
mg/L
2.5
2.2
89
80-120
Chromium
mg/L
2.5
2.3
90
80-120
Lead
mg/L
2.5
2.3
90
80-120
Selenium
mg/L
2.5
2.4
96
80-120
Silver
mg/L
1.2
1.1
92
80-120
MATRIX SPIKE& MATRIX SPIKE DUPLICATE: 4056124
4056125
MS
MSD
92673011001
Spike
Spike
MS
MSD
MS
MSD
% Rec
Max
Parameter
Units
Result
Conic.
Conic.
Result
Result
% Rec
% Rec
Limits
RPD
RPD Qual
Arsenic
mg/L
ND
2.5
2.5
2.3
2.0
91
80
75-125
13
20
Barium
mg/L
ND
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.2
91
79
75-125
13
20
Cadmium
mg/L
ND
2.5
2.5
2.2
1.9
87
76
75-125
13
20
Chromium
mg/L
ND
2.5
2.5
2.3
2.0
90
79
75-125
13
20
Lead
mg/L
ND
2.5
2.5
2.2
1.9
88
77
75-125
13
20
Selenium
mg/L
ND
2.5
2.5
2.3
2.1
94
82
75-125
13
20
Silver
mg/L
ND
1.2
1.2
1.1
0.98
90
79
75-125
14
20
Results presented on this page are in the units indicated by the "Units" column except where an alte mate unit is presented to the right of the result.
REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS
This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
Date: 06/26/2023 12:42 PM withoutthe written consent of Pace Analytical Services, LLC.
Page 8 of 12

aceAnalytical
www.pacelabSMITI
Pace Analytical Services, LLC
9800 Kincey Ave. Suite 100
Huntersville, NC 28078
[phone]
QUALIFIERS
Project: RESIDENCE AT 9TH LLC
Pace Project No.: 92673011
DEFINITIONS
DF - Dilution Factor, if reported, represents the factor applied to the reported data due to dilution of the sample aliquot.
ND - Not Detected at or above adjusted reporting limit.
TNTC - Too Numerous To Count
J - Estimated concentration above the adjusted method detection limit and below the adjusted reporting limit.
MDL -Adjusted Method Detection Limit.
PQL - Practical Quantitation Limit.
RL - Reporting Limit - The lowest concentration value that meets project requirements for quantitative data with known precision and
bias for a specific analyte in a specific matrix.
S - Surrogate
1,2-Diphenylhydrazine decomposes to and cannot be separated from Azobenzene using Method 8270. The result for each analyte is
a combined concentration.
Consistent with EPA guidelines, unrounded data are displayed and have been used to calculate % recovery and RPD values.
LCS(D) - Laboratory Control Sample (Duplicate)
MS(D) - Matrix Spike (Duplicate)
DUP - Sample Duplicate
RPD- Relative Percent Difference
NC - Not Calculable.
SG - Silica Gel - Clean -Up
U - Indicates the compound was analyzed for, but not detected.
Acid preservation may not be appropriate for 2 Chloroethylvinyl ether.
A separate vial preserved to a pH of 4-5 is recommended in SW846 Chapter 4 for the analysis of Acrolein and Acrylonitrile by EPA
Method 8260.
N-Nitrosodiphenylamine decomposes and cannot be separated from Diphenylamine using Method 8270. The result reported for
each analyte is a combined concentration.
Reported results are not rounded until the final step prior to reporting. Therefore, calculated parameters that are typically reported as
"Total" may vary slightly from the sum of the reported component parameters.
Pace Analytical is TNI accredited. Contact your Pace PM for the current list of accredited analytes.
TNI - The NELAC Institute.
REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS
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Date: 06/26/2023 12:42 PM withoutthe written consent of Pace Analytical Services, LLC. Page 9 of 12

aceAnalytical
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Pace Analytical Services, LLC
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[phone]
QUALITY CONTROL DATA CROSS REFERENCE TABLE
Project: RESIDENCE AT 9TH LLC
Pace Project No.: 92673011
Analytical
Lab ID
Sample ID
QC Batch Method
QC Batch
Analytical Method
Batch
92673011001
C-1
EPA
3010A
781857
EPA 6010D
781882
92673011002
C-2
EPA
3010A
781857
EPA 6010D
781882
92673011001
C-1
EPA
7470A
781883
EPA 7470A
781990
92673011002
C-2
EPA
7470A
781883
EPA 7470A
781990
Date: 06262023 12:42 PM
REPORT OF LABORATORY ANALYSIS
This report shall not be reproduced, except in full,
without the written consent of Pace Analytical Services, LLC.
Page 10 of 12

st
Page 11 of 12

DCak -TW9l'E-NV-FAM,-HRUN14063 V01 SAMOle GandItIdn-Upon Ribaialpt
nhaam �WO#:92673011
qrj(tOghaif6f,-b6*-,*Jfp or, dach JOrx. Ex vaaflectand _pilojettl
rPM: BV Due Date: 06/23/23
t?Icep}lohs VOA, m,
CLIENT: 92—HenryNema
*4c,Ockpdll vnA.'seVved NltratOtsWOAORO
J?
T T
A
v
Si
21
4,
r
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10 Al b 'FD af v-
E 'T ul 6 S E
a
PH Adjustment Log .for �-Preserved SOmplts
pR UpOn
Adjusted
aadaa
7p
M.fa- WhA..u.,elh=l�gdlg&ph
itwvtiffptkinpNnrih
Carollnacnmbliancesemnlei,
a cownf.ihi's
form;;][[ btim-nttatheT4titthCaraliho'DENR.CerUflcation
Office lf.e.
Out of hold; incorrect pre$erVptivet outo(ternp IncarteCt tOqtktnarS.
Page 12 of 12

ATTACHMENT B
USGS PAPER #1270 EXCERPTS

Element Concentrations in Soils and
Other Surficial Materials of the
Conterminous United States
U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 1270

Element Concentrations in Soils and
Other Surficial Materials of the
Conterminous United States
I'' "Ig
:i •
U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 1270
An account of the concentrations of
50 chemical Elements in samples of
soils and other regoliths
UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1984

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
WILLIAM P. CLARK, Secretary
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
Dallas L. Peck, Director
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Shaddette, Hansford T.
Element concentrations in soils and other surflcial materials of the conterminous United States.
(Geological Survey professional paper ;1270)
Bibliography: 105 p.
Supt. of Does. No.: 119.16
1. Soils --United States --Composition.
I. Boerngen, Josephine G. II. Title. III. Series
S699.A1S6 631.4773 82-600084
AACR2
For sale by the Distribution Branch, U.S. Geological Survey,
604 South Pickett Street, Alexandria, VA 22304

CONTENTS
Abstract............................................ 1
Introduction.......................................... 1
Acknowledgments....................................... 2
Review of literature ...................................... 2
Collection and analysis of geochemical data ........................ 3
Samplingplan ....................................... 3
Sampling media ...................................... 5
Chemical -analysis procedures .............................. 5
Datapresentation ....................................... 5
Discussionof results ..................................... 7
Referencescited ........................................ 9
ILLUSTRATIONS
Page
FIGURE 1. Map showing location of sampling sites in the conterminous United States
where elements not commonly detected in surficial deposits were found,
and the amounts of the elements present ................ 12
2-47. Maps showing element content of surficial materials in the conterminous
United States:
2. Aluminum ................................ 14
3. Antimony ................................ 16
4. Arsenic ................................. 18
5. Barium ................................. 20
6. Beryllium ................................ 22
7. Boron .................................. 24
8. Bromine ................................. 26
9. Calcium ........... ...................... 28
10. Carbon (total) ............................. 30
11. Cerium ................................. 32
12. Chromium ................................ 34
13. Cobalt .................................. 36
14. Copper ................................. 38
15. Fluorine ..... ............................ 40
16. Gallium ................................. 42
17. Germanium ............................... 44
18. Iodine .................................. 46
19. Iron ................................... 48
20. Lanthanum ............................... 50
21. Lead ................................... 52
22. Lithium ................................. 54
23. Magnesium ............................... 56
24. Manganese ............................... 58
25. Mercury ................................. 60
26. Molybdenum .............................. 62
27. Neodymium ............................... 64
28. Nickel .................................. 66
29. Niobium ................................. 68
30. Phosphorus ............................... 70
31. Potassium ...... ..... ..................... 72
32. Rubidium ................................ 74
33. Scandium ................................ 76
34. Selenium ................................ 78
35. Silicon .................................. 80
36. Sodium ................................. 82
!l!

IV CONTENTS
FIGURES 3747. Maps showing element content of surficial materials in the conterminous
Page
United States:
37.
Strontium ................................
84
38.
Sulfur ..................................
86
39.
Thorium .................................
88
40.
Tin .... ...............................
90
41.
Titanium ................................
92
42.
Uranium .................................
94
43.
Vanadium ................................
96
44.
Ytterbium ................................
98
45.
Yttrium .................................
100
46.
Zinc ...................................
102
47.
Zirconium ................................
104
PW
TABLE 1. Average or median contents, and range in contents, reported for elements in soils and other surficial materials .. 4
2. Mean concentrations, deviations, and ranges of elements in samples of soils and other surficial materials in the conterminous
UnitedStates......................................................... 6

ELEMENT CONCENTRATIONS IN SOILS AND OTHER
SURFICIAL MATERIALS OF THE
CONTERMINOUS UNITED STATES
By HANSFORD T. SHACKLETTE and JOSEPHINE G. BOERNGEN
ABSTRACT
Samples of soils or other regoliths, taken at a depth of approxi-
mately 20 cm from locations about 80 km apart throughout the conter-
minous United States, were analyzed for their content of elements.
In this manner, 1,318 sampling sites were chosen, and the results
of the sample analyses for 50 elements were plotted on maps. The
arithmetic and geometric mean, the geometric deviation, and a histog-
ram showing frequencies of analytical values are given for 47 ele-
ments.
The lower concentrations of some elements (notably, aluminum,
barium, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, and strontium) in
most samples of surficial materials from the Eastern United States,
and the greater abundance of heavy metals in the same materials
of the Western United States, indicates a regional geochemical pat-
tern of the largest scale. The low concentrations of many elements
in soils characterize the Atlantic Coastal Plain. Soils of the Pacific
Northwest generally have high concentrations of aluminum, cobalt,
iron, scandium, and vanadium, but are low in boron. Soils of the
Rocky Mountain region tend to have high concentrations of copper,
lead, and zinc. High mercury concentrations in surficial materials are
characteristic of Gulf Coast sampling sites and the Atlantic coast sites
of Connecticut, Massachuetts, and Maine. At the State level, Florida
has the most striking geochemical pattern by having soils that are
low in the concentrations of most elements considered in this study.
Some smaller patterns of element abundance can be noted, but the
degree of confidence in the validity of these patterns decreases as
the patterns become less extensive.
INTRODUCTION
The abundance of certain elements in soils and other
surficial materials is determined not only by the ele-
ment content of the bedrock or other deposits from
which the materials originated, but also by the effects
of climatic and biological factors as well as by influences
of agricultural and industrial operations that have acted
on the materials for various periods of time. The diver-
sity of these factors in a large area is expected to result
in a corresponding diversity in the element contents
of the surficial materials.
At the beginning of this study (1961), few data were
available on the abundance of elements in surficial ma-
terials of the United States as a whole. Most of the
early reports discussed only the elements that were of
economic importance to mining or agriculture in a
metallogenic area or State; and the data, for the most
part, cannot be evaluated with reference to average,
or normal, amounts in undisturbed materials because
they were based on samples of deposits expected to
have anomalous amounts of certain elements, or were
based only on samples from cultivated fields.
We began a sampling program in 1961 that was de-
signed to give estimates of the range of element abun-
dance in surficial materials that were unaltered or very
little altered from their natural condition, and in plants
that grew on these deposits, throughout the contermin-
ous United States. We believed that analyses of the
surficial materials would provide a measure of the total
concentrations of the elements that were present at the
sampling sites, and that analysis of the plants would
give an estimate of the relative concentrations among
sites of the elements that existed in a chemical form
that was available to plants. Because of the great
amount of travel necessary to complete this sampling,
we asked geologists and others of the U.S. Geological
Survey to assist by collecting samples when traveling
to and from their project areas and to contribute appro-
priate data they may have collected for other purposes.
The reponse to this request, together with the samples
and data that we had collected, resulted in our obtain-
ing samples of surficial materials and plants from 863
sites. The analyses of surficial materials sampled in this
phase of the study were published for 35 elements by
plotting element concentrations, in two to five fre-
quency classes, on maps (Shacklette, Hamilton, and
others, 1971).
Soon after the publication of the results of this study,
interest in environmental matters, particularly in the
effects of contamination and industrial pollution, in-
creased greatly. At the same time, technological ad-
vances in analytical methods and data processing facili-
tated measurements of geochemical and other parame-
ters of the environment. In response to the need for
background data for concentrations of certain elements
of particular environmental concern, the samples of sur-
ficial materials that were collected for the first study
(Shacklette, Hamilton, and others, 1971) (with some ad-

2
ELEMENT CONCENTRATIONS IN SOILS, CONTERMINOUS UNITED STATES
ditional samples) were analyzed for other elements, and
the results were published in U.S. Geological Survey
Circulars: for mercury, Shacklette, Boerngen, and
Turner (1971); for lithium and cadmium, by Shacklette,
and others (1973); and for selenium, fluorine, and arse-
nic, Shacklette and others (1974).
The collection of samples for this study continued,
as opportunities arose, until autumn 1975, resulting in
the sampling of an additional 355 sites that were
selected to give a more uniform geographical coverage
of the conterminous United States. This sampling con-
tinuation is referred to as phase two. These samples
were analyzed, and the data were merged with those
of the original samples to produce the results given in
the present report. In addition, the availability of
analytical methods for elements not included in the ear-
lier reports permitted data to be given on these ele-
ments in the more recently collected samples.
The collection localities and dates, sample descrip-
tions, and analytical values for each sample in the pre-
sent report were published by Boerngen and Shacklette
(1981). The elemental compositions of only the surficial
materials are given in this report; the data on analyses
of the plant samples are held in files of the U.S. Geolog-
ical Survey.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
This study was made possible by the cooperation of
many persons in the U.S. Geological Survey. We thank
D. F. Davidson, A. T. Miesch, J. J. Connor, R. J.
Ebens, and A. T. Myers for their interest in, and con-
tinued support of, this study. The sampling plan was
suggested by H. L. Cannon, who also contributed
analytical data from her project areas and samples from
her travel routes. Others of the Geological Survey who
collected samples, and to whom we express gratitude,
are: J. M. Bowles, F. A. Branson, R. A. Cadigan, F.
C. Canney, F. W. Cater, Jr., M. A. Chaffey, Todd
Church, J. J. Connor, Dwight Crowder, R. J. Ebens,
_T. A. Erdman, G. L. Feder, G. B. Gott, W. R. Griffitts,
T. P. Hill, E. K. Jenne, M. I. Kaufman, J. R. Keith,
Frank Kleinhampl, A. T. Miesch, R. F. Miller, R. C.
Pearson, E. V. Post, Douglas Richman, R. C. Sever-
son, James Scott, D. A. Seeland, M. H. Staatz, T. A.
Steven, M. H. Strobell, V. E. Swanson, R. R. Tidball,
H. A. Tourtelot, J. D. Vine, and R. W. White. We
thank the following members of the U.S. Department
of Agriculture Soil Conservation Service for providing
soil samples from areas in Minnesota: D. D. Barron,
C. R. Carlson, D. E. DeMartelaire, R. R. Lewis,
Charles Sutton, and Paul Nyberg.
We acknowledge the analytical support provided by
the following U.S. Geological Survey chemists: Lowell
Artis, Philip Aruscavage, A. J. Bartel, S. D. Bott
L. A. Bradley, J. W. Budinsky, Alice Caemmerer,
P. Cahill, E. Y. Campbell, G. W. Chloe, Don Coi
E. F. Cooley, N. M. Conklin, W. B. Crandell, Mauri
Devalliere, P. L. D. Elmore, E. J. Finlay, Johni
Gardner, J. L. Glenn, T. F. Harms, R. G. Haven
R. H. Heidel, M. B. Hinkle, Claude Huffman, Jr., I
B. Jenkins, R. J. Knight, B. W. Lanthorn, L. M. Lei
K. W. Leong, J. B. McHugh, J. D. Mensik, V. M. Me
ritt, H. T. Millard, Jr., Wayne Mountjoy, H. H
Nakagawa, H. G. Neiman, Uteana Oda, C. S. E. Pap
R. L. Rahill, V. E. Shaw, G. D. Shipley, Hezeki
Smith, A. J. Sutton, Jr., J. A. Thomas, Barbara Tobi
J. E. Troxel, J. H. Turner, and G. H. VanSickle.
We were assisted in computer programming for th
data by the following persons of the U.S. Geologid
Survey: W. A. Buehrer, G. I. Evenden, J. B. Fifg
Allen Popiel, M. R. Roberts, W. C. Schomburg, G. I'
Selner, R. C. Terrazas, George VanTrump, Jr., and
R. R. Wahl.
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
The literature on the chemical analysis of soils and
other surficial materials in the United States is exteb
sive and deals largely with specific agricultural pr&
lems of regional interest. Many of the papers were writ
ten by soil scientists and chemists associated with State
agricultural experiment stations and colleges of agricul
ture, and most reports considered only elements that.
were known to be nutritive or toxic to plants or ari
mals.
Chemists with the U.S. Department of Agriculture
prepared most early reports of element abundance in
soils for large areas of the United States. (See Robin-
son, 1914; Robinson and others, 1917). The 1938 yeah
book of agriculture was devoted to reports on soils of
the United States; in this book, McMurtrey and Robin-
son (1938) discussed the importance and abundance of
trace elements in soils. Amounts of the major elements
in soil samples from a few soil profiles distributed
throughout the United States were compiled by the soil
scientist C. F. Marbut (1935) to illustrate characteris-
tics of soil units.
The use of soil analysis in geochemical prospecting
began in this country in the 1940's, and many reports
were published on the element amounts in soils from
areas where mineral deposits were known or suspected
to occur. Most of these reports included only a few ele-
ments in soils from small areas. This early geochemical
work was discussed by Webb (1953) and by Hawkes
(1957). In succeeding years, as soil analyses became an
accepted method of prospecting and as analytical

COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS OF GEOCHEMICAL DATA
3
methods were improved, many elements in soils were
analyzed; still, the areas studied were commonly small.
An estimate of the amounts of elements in average,
or normal, soils is useful in appraising the amounts of
elements in a soil sample as related to agricultural, min-
eral prospecting, environmental quality, and health and
disease investigations. Swain (1955) gave an extensive
bibliography of trace -element reports on soils of the
world, and he also summarized reports of the average
amounts of elements as given by several investigators.
The most comprehensive list of average amounts of rare
and dispersed elements in soils is that of Vinogradov
(1959), who reported the analytical results of extensive
studies of soils in the Union of Soviet Socialist Repub-
lics, as well as analyses of soils from other countries.
He did not state the basis upon which he established
the average values; however, these values are presuma-
bly the arithmetic means of element amounts in samples
from throughout the world. In their discussions of the
principles of geochemistry, Goldschmidt (1954) and
Rankama and Sahama (1955) reported the amounts of
various elements present in soils and in other surficial
materials, Hawks and Webb (1962) and, more recently,
Brooks (1972), Siegal (1974), Levinson (1974), and Rose
and others (1979) gave average amounts of certain ele-
ments in soils as useful guides in mineral exploration.
A report on the chemical characteristics of soils was
edited by Bear (1964). In this book, the chapter on
chemical composition of soils by Jackson (1964) and the
chapter on trace elements in soils by Mitchell (1964)
gave the ranges in values or the average amounts of
some soil elements.
Regional geochemical studies conducted by scientists
of the U.S. Geological Survey within the past two de-
cades have been largely directed to the establishment
of baseline abundances of elements in surficial mate-
rials, including soils. Most of the earlier work investi-
gated these materials that occurred in their natural con-
dition, having little or no alterations that related to
human activities, with the objective of establishing nor-
mal element concentrations in the materials by which
anomalous concentrations, both natural or man induced,
could be judged. Some of these studies were conducted
in cooperation with medical investigators who were
searching for possible relationships of epidemiological
patterns to characteristics of the environment. In one
study, the geochemical characteristics of both natural
and cultivated soils were determined in two areas of
Georgia that had contrasting rates of cardiovascular dis-
eases (Shacklette and others, 1970). In an extensive
geochemical study of Missouri, also conducted coopera-
tively with medical researchers, both cultivated and
natural soils were sampled. The results were presented
for the State as a whole, and for physiographic regions
or other subdivisions and smaller areas, as follows:
Erdman and others (1976a, 1976b); Tidball (1976, 1983a,
1983b); and Ebens and others (1973). The results of
these studies, and of other regional geochemical investi-
gations, were summarized and tabulated by Connor and
Shacklette (1975).
Recent regional studies of soil geochemistry by the
U.S. Geological Survey related to the development of
energy resources in the western part of the United
States, including North Dakota, South Dakota, Mon-
tana, Wyoming, Colorado, Utah, and New Mexico.
These studies established regional geochemical
baselines for soils, both in undisturbed areas and in
areas that had been altered by mining and related ac-
tivities. Some of these studies considered the elements
in soils both as total concentrations and as concentra-
tions that were available to plants of the region. The
results of these studies were published in annual prog-
ress reports (U.S. Geological Survey, 1974, 1975, 1976,
1977, and 1978). The data on soils, as well as on other
natural materials, in these reports were summarized
and tabulated by Ebens and Shacklette (1981). In a
study of the elements in fruits and vegetables from 11
areas of commercial production in the United States,
and in the soils on which this produce grew, soils were
analyzed for 39 elements, as reported by Boerngen and
Shacklette (1980) and Shacklette (1980).
The average amounts of elements in soils and other
surficial materials of the United States, as determined
in the present study, are given in table 1, with the
average values or ranges in values that were reported
by Vinogradov (1959), Rose and others (1979), Jackson
(1964), Mitchell (1964), and Brooks (1972). The averages
from the present study given in table 1 are the arithme-
tic means. Although the averages were computed by
the methods described by Miesch (1967), the values ob-
tained are directly comparable with the arithmetic
means derived by common computational procedures.
COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS OF
GEOCHEMICAL DATA
SAMPLING PLAN
The sampling plan was designed with the emphasis
on practicality, in keeping with the expenditures of time
and funds available, and its variance from an ideal plan
has been . recognized from the beginning. Because the
collection of most samples was, by necessity, incidental
to other duties of the samplers, the instructions for
sampling were simplified as much as possible, so that
sampling methods would be consistent within the wide
range of kinds of sites to be sampled. The samples were

4 ELEMENT CONCENTRATIONS IN SOILS, CONTERMINOUS UNITED STATES
TABLE 1.-Average or median contents, and mange in contents, reported for elements in soils and other surficial materials
[Dab are m parts per million; each average represents arithmetic mean; leaders (-) in figure columns indicate no data available. A, average; X, median. <, less than;
>, greater than]
This report
Rose,
(1979)
and others
(elements
Vinogradov
(1959)
Jackson (1964)
Mitchell
(1964)
Brooks (1972)
useful in
(presumably,
Element
geochemical
averages from
"Typical",'
Range
in
prospecting)
worldwide
average,
contents in
Average
Range
sampling)
or range
Scottish sur-
Average or
in values
face soils
range
Al---
72,000
700 - �(10,000
---- ----------------
71,300
10,000 - 60,000
------ ------
---- -
---------- ------
As-----
7.2
<0.1 - 97
7.5
(M)
5-
------------ - -----------
-----------
5
B---
33
<20 - 300
29
(M)
10
30
-----------------
10
Be------
580
10 - 5,000
300
(M)
---------------- -------------
400 -
3,000
500
Be-----
.92
<1 - 15
0.5
- 4
6-------------------
<5 -
5
6
Br-----
.85
<0.5 - 11
--------------------
-
5 -------------
--------
---------
----- -------
-----------
C, total
25,000
600 - 370,000
-----------
-----------
20,000----------------
-------
---- ----
Ca ------
24,000
100 - 320,000
-----------------
-----
13,700
7,000
-------- ------------------------
Ce--
75
<150 - 300
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Co---
9.1
<3 - 70
10
(M)
8------
-----------
<2 -
80
10
Cr------
54
1 - 2,000
6.3
(M)
200-------------------
5 -
3,000
200
Cu------
25
<1 - 700
15
(M)
20
20
<10 -
100
20
F------
430
<10 - 3,700
300
(M)
200 -----------------------------------------------------
Fe----
26,000
100 - >100,000
21,000
(M)
38,000
7,000 - 42,000
10,000 - 50,000
Ga-----
17
<5 - 70
----------------------
30-------------
-----
15 -
70
20
Ge----
1.2
<0.1 - 2.5 ------
----------------
1-------------------------
---------------
5
Ng-----
.09
<0.01 - 4.6
0.056
(M)
-------------------------
- ----------
----------
.01
1------
1.2
<0.5 - 9.6 --
--------------
----------------------
----------
-------------
-------
----- --------
------- --
K------
15,000
50 - 63,000
11,000
(M)
13,600
400 - 28,000
----- - --------
-_-
--- -------- -___
La----
37
<30 - 200--------------------
-----------------------
----------------
<30 -
200
-------------
Li-----
24
<5 - 140
6.2
(M)
30----------------
-----------
------
-----
30
Mg----
9,000
50 - >100,000----------------
-----
6,300
<6,000
--------------------------------
Mn------
550
<2 - 7,000
320
(M)
850-------------------
200 -
5,000
850
Mo------
.97
<3 - 15
2.5
(A)
2-------
-------- --
<1 -
5
2.5
Na------
12,000
<500 - 100,000 -----------------------
6,300 -------------------------------
------
---------
---------
Nb---
11
<10 - 100
15
(A)
------------------ --
------ -- ---------
- ----------
---
15
Nd------
46
<70 - 300 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ni-----
19
<5 - 700
17
(M)
40-----
-----------
10 -
800
40
P------
430
<20 - 6,800
300
(M)
800
500
------------------------------------
Pb-----
19
<10 - 700
17
(M)
------- ---------- -----------------
<20 -
80
10
Rb------
67
<20 - 210
35
(M)
100 -----
-----------------------
---------
----- ------------
S, total
1,600
<800 - 48,000
100
- 2,000
850 -------
-------------
--------- -
---- ----------------
Sb------
.66
<1 - 8.8
2
(A)
---------------- -----------------------
- ----- ---------
.5
Sc----
8.9
<5 - 50--------------------
--
7 --------
---------
<3 -
15
-------------
Se-----
.39
<0.1 - 4.3
0.31
(M)
.001------
---- ---------------
-----
----
.5
Si-----
310,000
16,000 - 450,000-----------------------
330,000 -----
-----------------------
-----
----
---------------
Sn------
1.3
<0.1 - 10
10
(A)
---------------------------------------------------------
10
Sr-----
240
<5 - 3,000
67
(M)
300------------
-----
60 -
700
300
Ti-----
2,900
70 - 20,000-----------------------
4,600
1,200 - 6,000
------------------------------------
Th------
9.4
2.2 - 31-----------------------------------------------
--------- ------------------
-----
13
0-------
2.7
0.29 - 11
1
(A)
-----------------------------------------
--------------
-
1
V-------
80
<7 - 500
57
(M)
100-----------------
20 -
250
100
Y-------
25
<10 - 200----
------------------
50--------
------- --
25 -
100
----- ----------
Yb------
3.1
<1 - 50 -----------
-------------------
------- ---
-------------------
------ -----
-----
--------------
Zn------
60
<5 - 2,900
36
(M)
50-----
------------ -
-----------------
-
50
Zr------
230
<20 - 2,000
270
(M)
300---------
---- ----
200 -
>1,000
----------------
]Author's usage; generally used to indicate the most commonly occurring value.
collected by U. S. Geological Survey personnel along
their routes of travel to areas of other types of field
studies or within their project areas.
The locations of the routes that were sampled de-
pended on both the network of roads that existed and
the destinations of the samplers. Sampling intensity
was kept at a minimum by selecting only one sampling
site every 80 km (about 50 miles; selected for conveni-
ence because vehicle odometers were calibrated in
miles) along the routes. The specific sampling sites
were selected, insofar as possible, that had surficial ma-
terials that were very little altered from their natural
condition and that supported native plants suitable for
sampling. In practice, this site selection necessitated
sampling away from roadcuts and fills. In some areas,
only cultivated fields and plants were available for sam-
pling.
Contamination of the sampling sites by vehicular
emissions was seemingly insignificant, even though
many sites were within 100 m or less of the roads. Col-

DATA PRESENTATION
lecting samples at about 20 cm depth, rather than at
the upper soil horizons, . may have avoided the effects
of surface contamination on the samples. However, we
had no adequate way of measuring any contamination
that may have occurred. (See Cannon and Bowles,
1962.) Many of the sampled routes had only light veh-
icular traffic, and some were new interstate highways.
Routes through congested areas generally were not
sampled; therefore, no gross contamination of the sam-
ples was expected.
The study areas that were sampled follow: Wisconsin
and parts of contiguous States, southeastern Missouri,
Georgia, and Kentucky, sampled by Shacklette; Ken-
tucky, sampled by J. J. Connor and R. R. Tidball;
Nevada, New Mexico, and Maryland, sampled by H.
L. Cannon; various locations in Arizona, Colorado, Mon-
tana, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming, sampled by
F. A. Branson and R. F. Miller; Missouri, sampled by
Shacklette, J. A. Erdman, J. R. Keith, and R. R. Tid-
ball; and various locations in Colorado, Idaho, Montana,
South Dakota, Utah, and Wyoming, sampled by A. T.
Miesch and J. J. Connor. Sampling techniques used in
these areas varied according to the primary objectives
of the studies being conducted, but generally these
techniques were closely similar to the methods used in
sampling along the roads.
In general, the sampling within study areas was more
intensive than that along the travel routes. To make
the sampling intensity of the two sampling programs
more nearly equal, only the samples from selected sites
in the study areas were used for this report. The
selected sites were approximately 80 km apart. Where
two or more samples were collected from one site, they
were assigned numbers, and one of these samples was
randomly chosen for evaluation in this study.
SAMPLING MEDIA
The material sampled at most sites could be termed
"soil" because it was a mixture of comminuted rock and
organic matter, it supported ordinary land plants, and
it doubtless contained a rich microbiota. Some of the
sampled deposits, however, were not soils as defined
above, but were other kinds of regoliths. The regoliths
included desert sands, sand dunes, some loess deposits,
and beach and alluvial deposits that contained little or
no visible organic matter. In some places the distinc-
tions between soils and other regoliths are vague be-
cause the materials of the deposits are transitional be-
tween the two. Samples were collected from a few de-
posits consisting mostly of organic materials that would
ordinarily be classified as peat, rather than soil.
To unify sampling techniques, the samplers were
asked to collect the samples at a depth of approximately
20 cm below the surface of the deposits. This depth
was chosen as our estimate of a depth below the plow
zone that would include parts of the zone of illuviation
in most well -developed zonal soils, and as a convenient
depth for sampling other surficial materials. Where the
thickness of the material was less than 20 cm, as in
shallow soils over bedrock or in lithosols over large rock
fragments, samples were taken of the material that lay
iust above the rock deposits. About 0.25 liter of this
material was collected, put in a kraft paper envelope,
and shipped to the U.S. Geological Survey laboratories
in Denver, Colo.
CHEMICAL -ANALYSIS PROCEDURES
The soil samples were oven dried in the laboratory
and then sifted through a 2-mm sieve. If the soil mate-
rial would not pass this sieve, the sample was pul-
verized in a ceramic mill before seiving. Finally, the
sifted, minus 2-mm fraction of the sample was used for
analysis.
The methods of analysis used for some elements were
changed during the course of this study, as new tech-
niques and instruments became available. For most ele-
ments, the results published in the first report
(Shacklette, Hamilton, and others, 1971) were obtained
by use of a semiquantitative six -step emission spec-
trographic method (Meyers and others, 1961). The
methods used for other elements were: EDTA titration
for calcium; colorimetric (Ward and others, 1963) for
phosphorus and zinc; and flame photometry for potassi-
um. Many of the elements analyzed in the 355 samples
collected in phase two of the study were also analyzed
by the emission spectrographic method (Neiman, 1976).
Other methods were used for the following elements:
flame atomic absorption (Huffman and Dinnin, 1976) for
mercury, lithium, magnesium, sodium, rubidium, and
zinc; flameless atomic absorption (Vaughn, 1967) for
mercury; X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (Wahlberg,
1976) for calcium, germanium, iron, potassium, seleni-
um, silver, sulfur, and titanium; combustion (Huffman
and Dinnin, 1976) for total carbon; and neutron activa-
tion (Millard, 1975, 1976) for thorium and uranium.
DATA PRESENTATION
Summary data for 46 elements are reported in tables
1 and 2. In table 1, the element concentrations found
in samples of soil and other surficial materials of this
study are compared with those in soils reported in other
studies. Arithmetic means are used for the data of this
study to make them more readily compared with the
data generally reported in the literature. These arith-
metic means were derived from the estimated geomet-
ric means by using a technique described by Miesch
(1967), which is based on methods devised by Cohen
(1959) and Sichel (1952). The arithmetic means in table

6 ELEMENT CONCENTRATIONS IN SOILS, CONTERMINOUS UNITED STATES
1, unlike the geometric means shown in table 2, are
estimates of geochemical abundance (Miesch, 1967).
Arithmetic means are always larger than corresponding
geometric means (Miesch, 1967, p. B1) and are esti-
mates of the fractional part of a single specimen that
consists of the element of concern rather than of the
typical concentration of the element in a suite of sam-
ples.
Concentrations of 46 elements in samples of this
study are presented in table 2, which gives the determi-
nation ratios, geometric -mean concentrations and devia-
tions, and observed ranges in concentrations. The
analytical data for most elements as received from the
laboratories were transformed into logarithms because
of the tendency for elements in natural materials, par-
ticularly the trace elements, to have positively skewed
TABLE 2. Mean concentrations, deviations, and ranges of elements in samples of soils and other surfteial materials in the conterminous
United States
[Means and ranges are reported in parts per mdhon (µft), and means and deviations are geometric except as indicated. Ratio, number of samples in which the element was found
in measurable concentrations to number of samples analyzed. <, less than; >, greater than]
Conterminous
Western United States
Eastern United
States
United
States
(west of 96th meridian)
(east of
96th meridian)
Element
Estimated
Estimated
Estimated
Devia-
arithmetic
Devia-
Observed
arithmetic
Devi a-
Observed
arithmetic
Mean
tion
mean
Ratio
Mean
tion
range
mean
Ratio
Mean
tion
-range
mean
Al, percent
4.7
2.48
7.2
661:770
5.8
2.00
0.5
- >10
7.4
450:477
3.3
2.87
0.7 -
>10
5.7
As---------
5.2
2.23
7.2
728:730
5.5
1.98
<0.10
- 97
7.0
521:527
4.8
2.56
<0.1 -
73
7.4
B----------
26
1.97
33
506:778
23
1.99
<20
- 300
29
425:541
31
1.88
<20 -
150
38
Ba---------
440
2.14
580
778:778
580
1.72
70
- 5,000
670
541:541
290 -
2.35
10 -
1,500
420
Be---------
.63
2.38
.92
310:778
.68
2.30
<1
- 15
.97
169:525
.55
2.53
<1 -
7
.85
Br---------
56
2.50
.85
113:220
.52
2.74
<0.5
- 11
.86
78:128
.62
2.18
<0.5 -
5.3
.85
C, percent-
1.6
2.57
2.5
250:250
1.7
2.37
0.16
- 10
2.5
162:162
1.5
2.88
0.06 -
37
2.6
Ca, percent
.92
4.00
2.4
777:777
1.8
3.05
0.06
- 32
3.3
514:514
.34
3.08
0.01 -
28
.63
Ce--------
63
1.78
75
81:683
65
1.71
<150
- 300
75
70:489
63
1.85
<150 -
300
76
Co---------
6.7
2.19
9.1
698:778
7.1
1.97
<3
- 50
9.0
403:533
5.9
2.57
<0.3 -
70
9.2
Cr---------
37
2.37
54
778*778
41
2.19
3
- 2,000
56
541:541
33
2.60
1 -
1,000
52
Cu---------
17
2.44
25
778:778
21
2.07
2
- 300
27
523:533
13
2.80
<1 -
700
22
F----------
210
3.34
430
598:610
280
2.52
<10
- 1,900
440
390*435
130
4.19
<10 -
3,700
360
Fe, percent
1.8
2.38
2.6
776:777
2.1
1.95
0.1
- >10
2.6
539:540
1.4
2.87
0.01 -
>10
2.5
Ga---------
13
2.03
17
767:776
16
1.68
<5
- 70
19
431:540
9.3
2.38
<5 -
70
14
Ge---------
1.2
1.37
1.2
224:224
1.2
1.32
0.58
- 2.5
1.2
130:131
1.1
1.45
<0.1 -
2.0
1.2
Hg---------
.058
2.52
.089
729:733
.046
2.33
<0.01
- 4.6
.065
534:534
.081
2.52
0.01 -
3.4
.12
I---------
75
2.63
1.2
169:246
.79
2.55
<0.5
- 9.6
1.2
90:153
.68
2.81
<0.5 -
7.0
1.2
K, percentl
1.5
.79
None
777:777
1.8
.71
0.19
- 6.3
None
537:537
1.2
1.75
0.005 -
3.7
--
La--------
30
1.92
37
462:777
30
1.89
<30
- 200
37
294:516
29
1.98
<30 -
200
37
L1--------
20
1.85
24
731:731
22
1.58
5
- 130
25
479:527
17
2.16
<5 -
140
22
Mg, percent
.44
3.28
.90
777:778
.74
2.21
0.03
- >10
1.0
528:528
.21
3.55
0.005 -
5
.46
Mn---------
330
2.77
550
777:777
380
1.98
30
- 5,000
480
537:540
260
3.82
<2 -
7,000
640
Mo---------
.59
2.72
.97
57:774
.85
2.17
<3
- 7
1.1
32:524
.32
3.93
<3 -
15
.79
Na, percent
.59
3.27
1.2
744:744
.97
1.95
0.05
- 10
1.2
363:449
.25
4.55
<0.05 -
5
.78
Nb---------
9.3
1.75
11
418:771
8.7
1.82
<10
- 100
10
322:498
10
1.65
<10 -
50
12
Nd---------
40
1.68
46
120:538
36
1.76
<70
- 300
43
109:332
46
1.58
<70 -
300
51
Ni--------
13
2.31
19
747:778
15
2.10
<5
- 700
19
443:540
11
2.64
<5 -
700
18
P--------
260
2.67
430
524:524
120
2.33
40
- 4,500
460
380:382
200
2.95
<20 -
6,800
360
Pb---------
16
1.86
19
712:778
17
1.80
<10
- 700
20
422:541
14
1.95
<10 -
300
17
Rb---------
58
1.72
67
221:224
69
1.50
<20
- 210
74
107:131
43
1.94
<20 -
160
53
S, percent-
.12
2.04
.16
34:224
.13
2.37
<0.08
- 4.8
.19
20:131
.10
1.34
<0.08 -
0.31
.11
Sb---------
.48
2.27
.67
35:223
.47
2.15
<1
- 2.6
.62
31:131
.52
2.38
<l -
8.8
.76
Sc---------
7.5
1.82
8.9
685:778
8.2
1.74
<5
- 50
9.6
389:526
6.5
1.90
<5 -
30
8.0
Se---------
.26
2.46
.39
590:733
.23
2.43
<0.1
- 4.3
.34
449:534
.30
2.44
<0.1 -
3.9
.45
Si, percentl
31
6.48
None
250:250
30
5.70
15
- 44
None
156:156
34
6.64
1.7 -
45
--
Sn----- ---
.89
2.36
1.3
218:224
.90
2.11
<0.1
- 7.4
1.2
123:131
.86
2.81
<0.1 -
10
1.5
Sr---------
120
3.30
240
778:778
200
2.16
10
- 3,000
270
501:540
53
3.61
<5 -
700
120
Ti, percent
.24
1.89
.29
777:777
.22
1.78
0.05
- 2.0
.26
540:540
.28
2.00
0.007 -
1.5
.35
Th---------
8.6
1.53
9.4
195:195
9.1
1.49
2.4
- 31
9.8
102:102
7.7
1.58
2.2 -
23
8.6
U---------
2.3
1.73
2.7
224:224
2.5
1.45
0.68
- 7.9
2.7
130:130
2.1
2.12
0.29 -
11
2.7
V------ ---
58
2.25
80
778:778
70
1.95
7
- 500
88
516:541
43
2.51
<7 -
300
66
Y---------
21
1.78
25
759.778
22
1.66
<10
- 150
25
477:541
20
1.97
<10 -
200
25
Yb---------
2.6
1.79
3.1
754:764
2.6
1.63
<1
- 20
3.0
452:486
2.6
2.06
<1 -
50
3.3
Zn---------
48
1.95
60
766:766
55
1.79
10
- 2,100
65
473:482
40
2.11
<5 -
2,900
52
Zr---------
180
1.91
230
777:778
160
1.77
<20
- 1,500
190
539:541
220
2.01
<20 -
2,000
290
1Means are arithmetic, deviations are standard.

DISCUSSION OF RESULTS
7
frequency distributions. For this reason, the geometric
mean is the more proper measure of central tendency
for these elements. The frequency distributions for po-
tassium and silicon, on the other hand, are more nearly
normal if the data are not transformed to logarithms
and the mean is expressed as the arithmetic average.
In geochemical background studies, the magnitude of
scatter to be expected around the mean is as important
as the mean. In lognormal distributions, the geometric
deviation measures this scatter, and this deviation may
be used to estimate the range of variation expected for
an element in the material being studied. About 68 per-
cent of the samples in a randomly selected suite should
fall within the limits MID and M-D, where M repre-
sents the geometric mean and D the geometric devia-
tion. About 95 percent should fall between M/D2 and
M•D2, and about 99.7 percent between MID' and MV.
The analytical data for some elements include values
that are below, or above, the limits of numerical deter-
mination, and these values are expressed as less than
(<) or greater than (>) a stated value. These data are
said to be censored, and for these the mean was com-
puted by using a technique described by Cohen (1959)
and applied to geochemical studies by Miesch (1967).
This technique requires an adjustment of the summary
statistics computed for the noncensored part of the
data. The censoring may be so severe in certain sets
of data that a reliable adjustment cannot be made; with
the data sets used in the present study, however, no
such circumstances were encountered. The use of these
procedures in censored data to quantify the central ten-
dency may result in estimates of the mean that are
lower than the limit of determination. For example, in
table 2 the geometric -mean molybdenum concentration
in soils from the Eastern United States is estimated
to be 0.32 ppm, although the lower limit of determina-
tion of the analytical method that was used is 3 ppm.
Use of this procedure permits inclusion of the censored
values in the calculation of expected mean concentra-
tions.
The determination ratios in table 2—that is, the ratio
of the number of samples in which the element was
found in measurable concentrations to the total number
of samples —permit the number of censored values, if
any, to be found that were used in calculating the mean.
This number is found by subtracting the left value in
the ratio from the right.
The distribution of the sampling sites and the concen-
trations of elements determined for samples from the
sites are presented on maps of the conterminous United
States (figs. 1-47). Figure 1 shows the locations of sites
where four elements, bismuth, cadmium, praseodymi-
um, and silver, were found in the samples. These ele-
ments were determined too uncommonly for reliable
mean concentrations to be calculated. Each of the re-
maining maps (figs. 2 47) gives the locations where an
element was found in a sample from a site and the con-
centration of the element, shown by a symbol that rep-
resents a class of values. By examining the tables of
frequency for concentration values of the elements, we
were able to divide the ranges of reported values for
many elements into five classes so that approximately
20 percent of the values fell into each class. The limited
range in values for some elements, however, prohibited
the use of more than two or three classes to represent
the total distribution. Symbols representing the classes
were drawn on the maps by an automatic plotter that
was guided by computer classification of the data, in-
cluding the latitude and longitude of the sampling sites.
A histogram on each map gives the frequency distribu-
tion of the analytical values, and the assignment of
analytical values to each class as represented by sym-
bols.
We were able to obtain analyses of 11 more elements
for the 355 samples of phase two of this study than
for the 963 samples of phase one because of improved
analytical methods and services. These elements are an-
timony, bromine, carbon, germanium, iodine, rubidium,
silicon, sulfur, thorium, tin, and uranium. The con-
straints of resources and time prohibited analysis of the
963 samples of the first phase for these additional ele-
ments. Results of analysis of the plant samples that
were collected at all soil -sampling sites are not pre-
sented in this report.
Some elements were looked for in all samples but
were not found. These elements, analyzed by the
semiquantitative spectrographic method, and their ap-
proximate lower detection limits, in parts per million,
are as follows: gold, 20; hafnium, 100; indium, 10; plati-
num, 30; palladium, 1; rhenium, 30; tantalum, 200; tQllu-
rium, 2,000; and thallium, 50. If lanthanum or cerium
were found in a sample, the following elements, with
their stated lower detection limits, were looked for in
the same sample but were not found: dysprosium, 50;
erbium, 50; gadolinium, 50; holmium, 20; lutetium, 30;
terbium, 300; and thulium, 20.
DISCUSSION OF RESULTS
The data presented in this report may reveal evi-
dence of regional variations in abundances of elements
in soils or other regoliths; single values or small clusters
of values on the maps may have little significance if
considered alone. Apparent differences in values shown
between certain sampling routes, such as some of those
across the Great Plains and the North Central States
where high values for cerium, cobalt, gallium, and lead
predominate, suggest the possibility of systematic er-

8 ELEMENT CONCENTRATIONS IN SOILS, CONTERMINOUS UNITED STATES
rors in sampling or in laboratory analysis. Some gross
patterns and some of lesser scale, nevertheless, are evi-
dent in the compositional variation of regoliths, as
shown in figures 247.
The lower abundances of some elements (notably alu-
minum, barium, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodi-
um, and strontium) in regoliths of the Eastern United
States, and the greater abundances of the heavy metals
in the same materials of the Western United States
indicate a regional pattern of the largest scale. This
visual observation of the maps can be substantiated by
examining the mean concentrations for these two re-
gions given in table 2. The abundances of these ele-
ments differ markedly on either side of a line extending
from western Minnesota southward through east -cen-
tral Texas. This line is generally from the 96th to 97th
meridian, and corresponds to the boundary proposed
by Marbut (1935, p. 14), which divides soils of the
United States into two major groups —the pedalfers
that lie to the east, and the pedocals to the west. Mar -
but (1928) attributed the major differences in chemical
and physical qualities of these two major groups to the
effects of climate on soils. A line approximating the 96th
meridian also separates the Orders, Suborders, and
Great Groups of moist -to -wet soils in the Eastern
United States from the same categories of dry soils that
He to the west, as mapped by the [U.S.] Soil Conserva-
tion Service (1969). As shown in table 2, soils of the
Western United States have the highest mean values
for all elements considered in this report except for an-
timony, boron, bromine, mercury, neodymium, seleni-
um, titanium, and zirconium. The differences, however,
probably are not significant for these latter elements,
except for zirconium.
Superimposed upon this large-scale compositional
variation pattern are several features of intermediate
scale. Perhaps the most notable of these are the low
concentrations of many elements in soils of the Atlantic
Coastal Plain. Soils of the Pacific Northwest are high
in concentrations of aluminum, cobalt, iron, scandium,
and vanadium, but low in boron, and soils of the Rocky
Mountain region tend to be high in copper, lead, and
zinc.
Several small-scale patterns of compositional varia-
tion can be noted, among them the high mercury con-
centrations in surficial materials from the Gulf Coast
of eastern Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and
northwest Florida, and a similar pattern on the Atlantic
Coast in Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Maine. High
phosphorus values occur in soils along a line extending
west across Utah and Nevada to the coast of California,
then south-east in California and Arizona. At the State
level, Florida shows the most striking pattern by hav-
ing low soil concentrations of most of the elements con-
sidered in this study.
The concentrations of certain elements do not show
well-defined patterns of distribution, and the regional
concentrations of some other elements cannot be
evaluated because they were not present in detectable
amounts in most of the samples, or because the sam-
pling density was insufficient. The degree of confidence
in regional patterns of element abundance is expected
to be in direct proportion to the number of samples
analyzed from the region. As the observed patterns be-
come smaller, the probability increases that the charac-
teristics that form the patterns are the results of
chance.
Some features of element -abundance patterns proba-
bly reflect geologic characteristics of the areas that the
soils overlie. Samples from most of the regoliths overly-
ing basic volcanic rocks of Washington and Oregon con-
tained higher than average concentrations of iron and
other elements, as mentioned earlier. A few soil sam-
ples with high phosphorus content are associated with
phosphate deposits in Florida, and a single sample in
Michigan with high copper content is known to be of
soil that occurs over a copper deposit.
These data do not provide obvious evidences of north -
south trends in elemental compositions that might be
expected to relate to differences in temperature re-
gimes under which the surficial materials developed.
There is, moreover, no consistent evidence of signifi-
cant differences in element abundances between
glaciated and nonglaciated areas (the general area of
continental glaciation includes the northern tier of
States from Montana to Maine and south in places to
about lat 40°N.; see fig. 1).
The world averages of abundance for some elements
in soils, as given by Vinogradov (1959) and by others
(table 1), do not correspond to the averages of abun-
dance for these elements in the soils of the United
States, according to the data presented in this report.
The world averages are too low for the concentrations
of boron, calcium, cerium, lead, magnesium, potassium,
and sodium in United States soils and other surficial
materials, and too high for beryllium, chromium, galli-
um, manganese, nickel, phosphorus, titanium, vanadi-
um, and yttrium.
The stability of values for concentrations of most ele-
ments seems to be satisfactory because the addition of
analytical values for 355 samples of phase two of the
study to values for 963 samples of the first phase did
not significantly change the geometric means and devia-
tions of element abundance that were reported earlier
(Shacklette, Boerngen, and Turner, 1971; Shacklette,
Hamilton, and others, 1971; Shacklette and others,

REFERENCES CITED
til
1973, 1974). Although additional sampling of the same
type as reported here might give a clearer picture of
small -to -intermediate element -abundance patterns,
mean values reported herein most likely would not
change significantly.
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