NCDOT 7-98 White's Store Mitigation Site

ArA
NCDENR
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Division of Coastal Management
Michael F. Easley,Governor James H. Gregson, Director William G. Ross Jr.,Secretary
November 16, 2007
Philip S. Harris, III, P.E.
Project Development and Environmental Analysis
N.C. Department of Transportation
1598 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1598
RE: White's Store Mitigation Site, Dare County, Coastal Area Management Act (CAMA)Permit
No. 7-98, TIP No. R-2551WM.
Dear Mr. Harris:
This letter is in response to the N.C. Department of Transportation (NCDOT) letter dated 6/13/05
regarding the White's Store Mitigation Site in Dare County. In the letter,NCDOT requests that the
appropriate resource agencies provide documentation stating that no further monitoring is required and
that the site is closed. The N.C. Division of Coastal Management(DCM) apologizes for the delay in
sending this response letter. .
The White's Store Mitigation Site involved restoring approximately 1.4 acres of sawgrass marsh as
mitigation for impacts to 0.21 acres of a wetland community dominated by saw grass (Cladium
jamaicense) and pond pine (Pinus serotina)interspersed with bays (Persia borbonia,Myrica cerifera,
etc.). The mitigation plan is described in a letter from NCDOT to DCM dated 4/7/99. The mitigation
plan and impacts were authorized by DCM in a Minor Modification of CAMA Major Permit No. 7-98
issued on 5/20/99.
DCM has reviewed the annual monitoring reports prepared by NCDOT in 2002, 2003 and 2004. DCM
has also visited the site on 6/14/07. DCM agrees that no further monitoring is required and that the site
may be officially closed with the following remarks.
DCM believes that there is enough successful CAMA Coastal Wetland restoration at the White's Store
Mitigation Site to provide mitigation for the permitted impacts of approximately 0.21 acres. In
addition to sawgrass, Cladium jamaicense, the successful restoration areas also include additional
CAMA Coastal Wetland species, such as Scirpus sp., Spartina patens, and Typha spp. However,
DCM is disappointed that the entire mitigation site did not meet the vegetative success criteria.
Significant portions of the mitigation site contain 404 wetland species that are not classified as CAMA
Coastal Wetland species (15A NCAC 07H .0205). Of greater concern is the amount of Phragmites on
the site. During the site visit on 6/14/07,DCM staff observed that the amount of Phragmites on the
site appears to be increasing. DCM believes that the Phragmites may continue to invade the site over
time. Therefore, although we agree that there is enough successful CAMA Coastal Wetland
1638 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1638
Phone: [phone]\FAX: [phone]\Internet: http://dcm2.enr.state.nc.us
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restoration at the mitigation site to provide mitigation for the 0.21 acres of permitted impacts, we
would not agree at this time to any future proposal that there are excess credits at this mitigation site
that could be used for future project impacts.
For your information, during our site visit on 6/14/07,DCM noticed that the two water gauges are still
located on the site.
DCM appreciates NCDOT's efforts to restore CAMA Coastal Wetlands at the White's Store
Mitigation Site. Please contact Cathy Brittingham at [phone] x238 or via e-mail at
[e-mail] if you have any questions or concerns.
Sincerely,
tr.
Doug Huggett
Major Permits and Consistency Coordinator
CC: Bill Biddlecome, USACE
David Wainwright, DWQ
Garcy Ward, DWQ
Randy Griffin,NCDOT
Jim Hoadley, DCM
Cathy Brittingham, DCM

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MEMORANDUM
TO: Cathy Brittingham
CC:
FROM: Melissa Carle
DATE: December 16, 2005
SUBJECT: White's Store Mitigation Site,Dare County
Based on the Monitoring Report, it sounds like only a small portion of the site is dominated by
Phragmites australis. I agree that the site can be closed out if DOT can subtract the unsuccessful
areas and still have the 0.42 acres of sawgrass mitigation that is required by the permit. Was
there a plan to transfer excess mitigation credit from this site to the EEP? If so, then we may
also need to let EEP know how much of the site was considered successful.
Page 1 of 1

ig!,�
NCDENR
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Division of Coastal Management
Michael F. Easley, Governor Charles S. Jones, Director William G. Ross Jr., Secretary
MEMORANDUM
TO: Melissa Carle,Lynn Mathis, Wanda Gooden
FROM: Cathy Brittingham
DATE: October 19, 2005
SUBJECT: White's Store Mitigation Site,Dare County
Attached please find a letter from NCDOT dated June 13, 2005 requesting to discontinue hydrologic
and vegetation monitoring of this site. I am sorry for the very long delay in sending you this letter for
review and comment.
Please note that contrary to what the letter says,DCM did not agree that this site could be closed. We
agreed that DOT could send us a request to close-out the letter, and that we would respond favorably
or not.
Please let me know if you would like a copy of the White's Store Mitigation Site Annual Report for
2004.
This site is designed to provide mitigation for 0.21 acres of impacts to saw grass. The site is 1.42
acres. Therefore, perhaps we can close-out the site by allowing NCDOT to abandon the unsuccessful
portions of the site, as Melissa suggests in her comments dated 5/2/05 if they have enough successful
sawgrass areas to provide mitigation at a 2:1 ratio for the 0.21 acres of impacts. Does this sound
acceptable to everyone? If so,Wanda and/or Lynn,would you make a site visit to confirm that
there are at least 0.42 acres of successful sawgrass areas to provide mitigation at a 2:1 ratio for
the 0.21 acres of impacts? Perhaps you can combine this with your visit of Balance Farm if you
have not already been there.
Here is a summary of DCM's past comments on this project:
Letter to NCDOT from Melissa Carle dated 5/2/05. DCM has a zero tolerance policy for Phragmites
australis in coastal wetland mitigation sites. DCM does not allow coastal wetland mitigation credit for
areas dominated by Phragmites. The monitoring report states that Phragmites was found in 3 of the 30
plots monitored in 2004. DCM does not agree that monitoring can be discontinued at this site unless
the unsuccessful portions of the site (Phragmites-dominated) are abandoned and suitable coastal
wetland restoration is found nearby to make up the difference.
Letter to NCDOT from Melissa Carle dated 4/22/04: DCM noted last year that the US Army Corps
wetland hydrologic criteria are not appropriate for this wetland type. The low survival of planted
sawgrass at the site and dominance of Echinochloa species suggests that the hydrology of the site is
not favorable for sawgrass. The literature indicates that sawgrass prefer seasonal flooding with 12
1638 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, North Carolina 27699-1638
Phone: [phone]\FAX: [phone]\Internet: www.nccoastalmanagement.net
An Equal Opportunity\Affirmative Action Employer—50%Recycled\10%Post Consumer Paper

inches of water for 6-9 months out of the year,or more, whereas Echinochloa species generally can't
survive in more than 12 inches of water for greater than four weeks. Thus, if the hydrology of the site
were appropriate for sawgrass,Echinochloa would not flourish.
DCM staff agrees with DOT's proposal to survey the site to ensure that the elevation is the same as the
reference site and to take soil samples at the reference site and the mitigation site to compare the soil
conditions. DCM also recommends installing a gauge at the reference marsh and establishing a new
hydrologic success criterion relative to the reference. This has been done successfully for other marsh
mitigation sites and would insure that hydrology(both depth of flooding and hydroperiod)is adequate
to support the target wetland community.
Cathy Brittingham internal memo dated 4/30/04:
White's Store mitigation site. Provides mitigation for R-2551 (CAMA Permit No. 7-98).
ACTION ITEM: DOT WILL DO REMEDIATION AND TROUBLE-SHOOTING THIS YEAR,
POSSIBLY DO PLANTING NEXT YEAR. SMALL PATCH OF PHRAGMITES BEING
TREATED. DOT WILL BRING REMEDIATION PLAN TO RESOURCE AGENCIES FOR
APPROVAL.
Recommendation to include in written comments to DOT: I agree with DOT's proposal to
survey the site to ensure that the elevation is the same as the reference site;and to take soil
samples at the reference site and the mitigation site to compare the soil conditions.
Recommendation to include in written comments to DOT: I agree with DOT's proposal to
continue vegetative and hydrologic monitoring.
Permit Conditions within minor modification to CAMA Permit No. 7-98 issued on 5/20/99.
• This minor modification authorizes the construction of a surface water collection system
immediately north of the authorized roadway fill between stations 32+80 and 34+40 (approximate),
and the construction of a+/- 1.4 acres mitigation site between stations 12+00 and 16+00
(approximate), all as depicted in the attached workplan drawings and the 4/7/99 modification
request letter.
According to the application letter for this minor modification dated 4/7/99, the surface water
collection system will result in an additional 0.21 acres of wetland impacts. The "White's Store"
mitigation site is intended to compensate for these additional impacts.
According to Kelly's comments in a letter to DOT on 3/27/03, the success criteria are not appropriate
for sawgrass restoration. Does this need to be revised?
Letter to NCDOT from Kelly Williams dated 3/27/03:
Frank Jennings visited this site recently and suspects the soils at this site are compacted at that the
plants may not survive. He noted the poor growing season weather conditions, and agrees the site
should be replanted. The success criteria are not appropriate for sawgrass restoration. Is the site's
hydrology expected to be greater than the success criteria in order to support a sawgrass marsh?

White's Store/Mashoes Road/NC 12 Hatteras
Subject: White's Stor /Mashoes Road/NC 12 Hatteras
From: Jason Elliott<[e-mail]>
Date: Fri, 09 Sep 2005 07:25:44 -0400
To: Cathy Brittingham<[e-mail]>, Melissa Carle<[e-mail]>
CC: Byron Moore <[e-mail]>
Cathy/Melissa,
Good morning. I wanted to check with you to see if a decision
had been made yet regarding closing out the subject sites. I
have received closeout letters for these sites from DWQ and
verbal okay from Corps. Please let me know at your earliest
convenience as to whether or not we can consider these sites
closed.
Jason
1 of 1 2/7/2006 3:49 PM

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STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION JUL 1 2 2005
MICHAEL F. EASLEY Morehea ' isDCM
GOVERNOR SECRET
June 13, 2005
REcFRIPr
Mr. Doug Huggett
NC Division of Coastal Management
Parker Lincoln Building 005
2728 Capital Boulevard DIV.OF COASJUL it b ��YJ12 ,�c.v,041
Raleigh, NC 27604 RALEIGH
Re: White's Store Mitigation Site, Dare County, State Project No. 8.T051401 TIP No.
R-2551 WM, Action ID No. 199502334, DCM Permit No. 7-98
Mr. Doug Huggett:
s you are aware, the Department has monitored the White's Store Mitigation Site since its
onstruction in May of 2001. Located in Dare County, approximately 2 miles west of Manns
Harbor on US 64, this 1.42-acre site provides saw grass marsh mitigation and was used for
1 rnpacts associated with construction of US 64-264. Two ground water monitoring gauges were
stalled in March of 2002. At the request of the resource agencies, these two gauges were reset
May of 2003 as surface water gauges that record data in 3-hour intervals. The site is a wind
iven tidal system; therefore, success was measured by the occurrence of inundation.
ie site was initially planted in May of 2001 and vegetation monitoring occurred in August of
2001. Due to the failure of the planted species to survive,the site has subsequently been
.planted twice; once in May of 2002 and again in April of 2003. Soil samples were taken at the
cference and mitigation sites in April 2004 for soil condition comparison pertaining to the
previous lack of vegetation survival. The sample results were inconclusive as to why the planted
vegetation was not surviving. However, since then the vegetation on the site has greatly
unproved. NCDOT proposed to monitor the White's Store mitigation site for five years or until
success criteria were met; with both hydrological and vegetation monitoring conducted each year.
After each growing season, annual monitoring reports were submitted to the appropriate
regulatory agencies.
Hydrologic success criteria were not written for the White's Store Mitigation Site. The
hydrologic monitoring aspect involves the use of surface water gauges. The site is a wind driven
tidal system; therefore, it will be deemed successful when the site demonstrates occasional
flooding. The permit conditions originally stated that groundwater monitoring was required, but
this condition was removed due to it being a tidal site. The 2004 hydrologic monitoring
indicated that both surface gauges met the success criteria showing frequent flooding throughout
the growing season as they have for each year since 2003.
MAILING ADDRESS: TELEPHONE: [phone] NC DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION LOCATION:
PROJECT DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS Fes• 919-715-1501 2PARKER728 CAPITAL ITA BOULEVARD BUILDING
1598 MAIL SERVICE CENTER 2728
RALEIGH NC 27699-1598 WEBSITE: WWW.NCDOT.ORG RALEIGH NC

r
After three years of vegetation monitoring, vegetation data for 2004 shows that the site has not
met the 70%frequency of targeted species criteria by yielding 43.3%. The vegetative cover scale
value of 4.6 is very close to meeting the requirement of 5.0 for year five. The site has however
continued to improve each year and at the July 28, 2004 on-site review meeting, the resource
agencies agreed that NCDOT could propose to discontinue vegetation and hydrologic
monitoring. Individual yearly monitoring data is provided within the annual monitoring reports
submitted between 2002 and 2004.
During the annual monitoring report meeting on May 5, 2005,NCDOT and resource agencies
agreed that the White's Store Mitigation Site could be closed and that hydrologic and vegetation
monitoring could be discontinued. NCDOT requests that the appropriate resource agencies
provide documentation stating that no further monitoring is required and that the site is closed. If
you have any questions about this project, please contact Mr.Randy Griffin at(919) 715-1425.
Sincerely,
Philip S. Harris, III,P.E.,Unit Head
PDEA-Natural Environment Unit
cc: Mr. Bill Biddlecome, USACOE
Ms. Christina Breen, DWQ
Mr. Travis Wilson, WRC
Mr. Chris Militscher, EPA
Mr. Gary Jordan,USFWS
Mr. David Harris, P.E.,NCDOT-REU
Mr. Clay Willis,NCDOT-DEO
Mr. Ron Sechler,NOAA

t .
ANNUAL REPORT FOR 2004
Jamas" owiliriPEAs
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White's Store Mitigation Site
Dare County
Project No. 8.T051401
TIP No. R-2551WM
oprH 6,4,90
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Prepared By:
Office of Natural Environment& Roadside Environmental Unit
North Carolina Department of Transportation
December 2004

TABLE OF CONTENTS
SUMMARY 1
1.0 INTRODUCTION 2
1.1 Project Description 2
1.2 Purpose 2
1.3 Project History 2
2.0 HYDROLOGY 4
2.1 Success Criteria 4
2.2 Hydrologic Description 4
2.3 Results of Hydrologic Monitoring 4
2.3.1 Site Data 4
2.3.2 Climatic Data 4
2.4 Conclusions 6
3.0 VEGETATION 8
3.1 Success Criteria 8
3.2 Description of Species 8
3.3 Results of Vegetation Monitoring 9
3.4 Conclusions 10
4.0 OVERALL CONCLUSIONS/ RECOMMENDATIONS 10

TABLES
TABLE 1 - VEGETATION MONITORING STATISTICS 9
FIGURES
FIGURE 1 - SITE LOCATION MAP 3
FIGURE 2 - GAUGE LOCATION MAP 5
FIGURE 3 - 30-70 PERCENTILE GRAPH 7
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A- GAUGE DATA GRAPHS
APPENDIX B - SITE PHOTOS AND VEGETATION PLOT/ MONITORING
GAUGE MAP

SUMMARY
The following report summarizes the monitoring activities that have occurred in the past
year on the White's Store Mitigation Site. The site was constructed and originally
planted in May 2001 and was designed as saw grass marsh restoration. The entire site
serves as mitigation for impacts associated with construction of US 64-264.
Two groundwater-monitoring gauges were installed on the site in March 2002. At the
request of the resource agencies, these two gauges were reset in May 2003 as surface
water gauges that record data in 3-hour intervals. The site is a wind driven tidal system;
therefore, success will be measured by the occurrence of inundation (occasional
flooding is required for success). For the 2004-year, the two surface gauges exhibited
frequent flooding on the site. Therefore, the White's Store Mitigation Site fulfilled the
hydrology success requirement.
An on-site meeting with agency personnel was held on July 28, 2004, to review the
site's current elevation. The agencies and NCDOT agreed that the on-site elevations
were similar to those at the reference site. It also appears that the wind driven tidal
system is inundating the site occasionally.
Soil samples were taken at the reference and mitigation sites on April 12, 2004 for soil
condition comparison pertaining to previous lack of vegetation survival. The sample
results did not determine why the planted vegetation was not surviving. The 2004
monitoring has shown a scale value of 4.6, which is on track for success. Small areas
of phragmites have been noted on the site. NCDOT has treated the site to control
phragmites in 2002 and 2003. During the on-site agency meeting (July 2004), it was
agreed that NCDOT could propose to discontinue vegetation monitoring during the
2004-monitoring year.
Based on the successful monitoring results for the 2004 growing season, NCDOT
proposes to discontinue hydrologic and vegetation monitoring at White's Store
Mitigation Site.

1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Project Description
The White's Store Wetland Mitigation Site is located west of Manns Harbor in Dare
County (Figure 1). Built in early 2001, the site serves as mitigation for impacts
associated with US 64-264 construction (USACE Action ID No. 199502334). The site
was designed to provide 0.21 acres of saw grass marsh mitigation.
1.2 Purpose
In order to demonstrate successful mitigation, hydrologic and vegetative monitoring
must be conducted for a minimum of five years or until the site is deemed successful.
The site is a wind driven tidal system; therefore it will be deemed successful when the
site demonstrates occasional inundation. The following report details the results of
hydrologic and vegetative monitoring during 2004 at the White's Store Mitigation Site.
Included in this report are analyses of both hydrologic and vegetative monitoring results,
as well as local climate conditions throughout the growing season.
1.3 Project History
May 2001 Site Constructed
May 2001 Site Planted
August 2001 Vegetation Monitoring (1 yr.)
March 2002 Monitoring Gauges Installed
March - November 2002 Hydrologic Monitoring (1 yr.)
May 2002 Site Replanted
August 2002 Vegetation Monitoring (1 yr. Restart)
November 2002 Site Treated for Phragmites
April 2003 Site Tilled
April 2003 Site Replanted
May 2003 Monitoring Gauges Reset as Surface Gauges
September 2003 Vegetation Monitoring (1 yr. Restart)
October 2003 Site Treated for Phragmites
March - November 2003 Hydrologic Monitoring (2 yr.)
July 2004 Vegetation Monitoring (2 yr.)
March - November 2004 Hydrologic Monitoring (3 yr.)
2

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US 64-264
ns I lorbor Bypass
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White's Store
Mitigation Site
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Figure 1. Site Location Map
3

2.0 HYDROLOGY
2.1 Success Criteria
There are not written success criteria for the White's Store Mitigation Site. The
hydrologic monitoring aspect involves the use of surface water gauges. The site is a
wind driven tidal system; therefore, it will be deemed successful when the site
demonstrates occasional flooding. Groundwater monitoring is not required on this site
(tidal system).
2.2 Hydrologic Description
The site was constructed by grading to a natural wetland elevation in order to replicate
the hydrology of adjacent emergent communities that were also used as reference
ecosystems. Two groundwater-monitoring gauges were installed on the site in March
2002. At the request of the resource agencies, these two gauges were reset in May
2003 as surface water gauges that record data in 3-hour intervals (Figure 2).
2.3 Results of Hydrologic Monitoring
2.3.1 Site Data
The resource agencies in conjunction with NCDOT decided that the federal wetland
success criteria guidelines did not pertain to the White's Store Mitigation Site, since it is
a wind driven tidal system. It was determined that in order for the site to achieve
hydrologic success, it must exhibit occasional surface flooding.
2.3.2 Climatic Data
Figure 3 represents an examination of the local climate in comparison with historical
data in order to determine whether 2004 was "average" in terms of climate conditions.
The two lines represent the 30th and 70th percentiles of monthly precipitation for Manteo,
NC. The bars are monthly rainfall totals for 2003 and 2004. The historical data was
collected from the State Climate Office of North Carolina.
4

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For the 2004-year, November (03'), January, March, and October experienced below
average rainfall. The months of February, April, May, July, and November all recorded
average rainfall for the site. December (03'), June, August, and September
experienced above average rainfall. The rainfall data from the onsite rain gauge was
used for the months of September-November. Overall, 2004 experienced an average
rainfall year.
2.4 Conclusions
The 2004 hydrologic monitoring indicated that both surface gauges met the success
criteria showing frequent flooding throughout the growing season. The White's Store
Mitigation Site has fulfilled the hydrology success requirement. NCDOT proposes to
discontinue hydrologic monitoring at White's Store Mitigation Site.
6

Figure 3. 30-70 Percentile Graph
White's Store 30-70 Percentile Graph
Manteo,NC Monthly Rainfall
14
12
10
8
70th Percentile
'5 6 30th Percentile
a
4
2
0 —......._..
Nov 03' Dec 03' Jan 04' Feb 04' Mar 04' Apr 04' May Jun 04' Jul 04' Aug Sep 04' Oct 04' Nov 04' Dec 04'
DATE
2003 Rainfall 2004 Rainfall 30th Percentile 70th Percentile
7

•
•
3.0 VEGETATION: WHITE STORE MITIGATION SITE
(YEAR 2 MONITORING)
3.1 Success Criteria
The success of marsh vegetation will be determined in accordance with NMFS
Guidelines. Monitoring plots found to be located within the open water channel
will not be evaluated, and will not count in the final count of plots. The vegetation
component of the wetland site will be deemed successful if the following criteria
are met.
1. At year five, the average of all plots should have a scale value of 5
(75% vegetative cover) consisting of wetland herbaceous species, not
including any invasive species.
2. A minimum of 70% of the plots shall contain the target (planted)
species.
3.2 Description of Species
The following species was planted in the Wetland Restoration Area:
Cladium jamaicense, Sawgrass
8

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Site Notes: The following species were also noted in the monitoring plots. The
percentage of plots the species was found in is following the species in
parentheses (i.e. 14% of the plots contain Spartina patens)
Spartina patens (14), cattails (14), Baccharis sp. (1), wire grass (2), Scirpus sp.
(20), pennywort (1), phragmites (3), morning glory (1), and water grass (2)
3.4 Conclusions
In May 2001, the White's Store Mitigation Site was planted with approximately
6,000 sawgrass plants. Only three-fourths of the site was planted due to the
sawgrass availability at that time. In May 2002, the entire site was replanted with
approximately 9,000 sawgrass plants. In April 2003, the entire site was tilled and
replanted with approximately 9,700 sawgrass plants. The 2004 monitoring has
shown a scale value of 4.6, which is on track for success. Several other marsh
species are present on the site.
During the on-site agency meeting (July 2004), it was agreed that NCDOT could
propose to discontinue vegetation monitoring during the 2004-monitoring year.
NCDOT proposes to discontinue vegetation monitoring at the White's Store
Mitigation Site.
4.0 OVERALL CONCLUSIONS/ RECOMMENDATIONS
An on-site meeting with agency personnel was held on July 28, 2004, to review
the site's current elevation. The agencies and NCDOT agreed that the on-site
elevations were similar to those at the reference site. It appears that the wind
driven tidal system is inundating the site occasionally. For the 2004-year, the two
surface gauges met the success criteria by exhibiting frequent flooding on the
site.
Soil samples were taken at the reference and mitigation sites on April 12, 2004
for soil condition comparison pertaining to previous lack of vegetation survival.
The sample results did not determine why the planted vegetation was not
surviving. The 2004 monitoring has shown a scale value of 4.6, which is on track
for success.
During the on-site agency meeting (July 2004), it was agreed that NCDOT could
propose to discontinue vegetation monitoring during the 2004-monitoring year.
Based on the successful monitoring results for the 2004 growing season,
NCDOT proposes to discontinue hydrologic and vegetation monitoring at White's
Store Mitigation Site.
10

APPENDIX B
SITE PHOTOS AND VEGETATION PLOT/
MONITORING GAUGE MAP

White's Store
i y �, .. _ � � s b�wy�'
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Photo 1 Photo 2
2004

WHITE STORE MITIGATION SITE
Photo and Random Plot Locations
10) PHOTO 1GOWIONS
, ► PLOT LOCATIONS

APPENDIX A
GAUGE DATA GRAPHS
11

Water Depth (in.)
N L , — N N
O O U O Ul l U7 O 01 O Ul
01-Jan-04
10-Jan-04
20-Jan-04
29-Jan-04
08-Feb-04
18-Feb-04
27-Feb-04
I08-Mar-04 .4
a) 18-Mar-04
5
iv 27-Mar-04
06-Apr-04
15-Apr-04
.3"--
25-Apr-04 o
05-May-04 --a _ r
14-May-04r o-
24-May-04 0 o
p n, 0 0 C3
0 gu 03-Jun-04
12-Jun-04 0 O N
� 22-Jun-04 tar
o CD
01-Jul-04 :=
gm.- —
11-Jul-04
21-Jul-04
30-Jul-04
09-Aug-04
0 19-Aug-04 1
c
a 28-Aug-04
07-Sep-04 — I
16-Sep-04 i
26-Sep-04
06-Oct-04 I
e-3
15-Oct-04 1
25-Oct-04
04-Nov-04 j

White's Store WS-2
40" Surface Gauge
20
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-15
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0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
c a .a o> � m m a a oa
co m m m a> d a> m co iu m n n a m CO m m > > 3 ' ? ? > > > >
7 7 u_ u_ u_ u_ 2 2 2 2 Q Q 5 2 2 2 2 -) 7 -) 7 N CD
0 0 Q to cn u) O O O O Z
O O CVO N- N O N Cr) O �' N O 00 co. MO N N M 0 N— M 6N- U) MO N 0
O N O N COO N O
Date
Rainfall —WS-2 S4488CC Ground

ANNUAL REPORT FOR 2003
ditit.ingumim ppm
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White's Store Mitigation Site
Dare County
Project No. 8.T051401
TIP No. R-2551WM
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Prepared By:
Office of Natural Environment& Roadside Environmental Unit
North Carolina Department of Transportation
December 2003

3.4 Conclusions
In May 2001, the White Store Mitigation Site was planted with approximately
6,000 saw grass plants. Only three-fourths of the site was planted due to the
saw grass availability at that time. In May 2002, the entire site was replanted
with approximately 9,000 saw grass plants. In April 2003, the entire site was
tilled and replanted with approximately 9,700 saw grass plants. Very little
success has been achieved with respect to the saw grass replanting. It appears
that an Echinochloa species is covering the majority of the site.
The site will be surveyed this year to ensure that the elevation is the same as the
reference site. NCDOT will also take soil samples at the reference site and the
mitigation site to compare the soil conditions.
Phragmites have been noted in small portions on the site. NCDOT has treated
the site for the past two years to keep the phragmites under control.
NCDOT will continue vegetation monitoring at the White's Store Mitigation Site.
4.0 OVERALL CONCLUSIONS/ RECOMMENDATIONS
For the 2003-year, the two surface gauges met the success criteria by exhibiting
frequent flooding on the site.
In April 2003, the entire site was tilled and replanted with saw grass. The site is
experiencing difficulty achieving success with respect to the saw grass
replanting. It appears that an Echinochloa species is covering the majority of the
site.
The site will be surveyed this year to ensure that the elevation is the same as the
reference site. NCDOT will also take soil samples at the reference site and the
mitigation site to compare the soil conditions.
NCDOT will continue to monitor hydrology and vegetation at White's Store
Mitigation Site. 1
s ra S.f (he\ GPSi 7,��Y10.^
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ANNUAL REPORT FOR 2002
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White's Store Mitigation Site
Dare County
Project No. 8.T051401
TIP No. R-2551WM
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Prepared By:
Office of Natural Environment&Roadside Environmental Unit
North Carolina Department of Transportation
December 2002

TABLE OF CONTENTS
SUMMARY 1
1.0 INTRODUCTION 2
1.1 Project Description 2
1.2 Purpose 2
1.3 Project History 2
1.4 Debit Ledger 2
2.0 HYDROLOGY 4
2.1 Success Criteria 4
2.2 Hydrologic Description 4
2.3 Results of Hydrologic Monitoring 5
2.3.1 Site Data 5
2.3.2 Climatic Data 5
2.4 Conclusions 5
3.0 VEGETATION 7
3.1 Success Criteria 7
3.2 Description of Species 7
3.3 Results of Vegetation Monitoring 7
3.4 Conclusions 7
4.0 OVERALL CONCLUSIONS/ RECOMMENDATIONS 8

TABLES
TABLE 1 - 2002 HYDROLOGIC MONITORING RESULTS 5
FIGURES
FIGURE 1 - SITE LOCATION MAP 3
FIGURE 2 - 30-70 PERCENTILE GRAPH 6
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A - DEPTH TO GROUNDWATER PLOTS
APPENDIX B - SITE PHOTOS AND VEGETATION PLOT/ MONITORING
GAUGE MAP

SUMMARY
The following report summarizes the monitoring activities that have occurred in the past
year at the White's Store Mitigation Site. The site was constructed and originally
planted in May 2001 and was designed as saw grass marsh restoration. The site serves
as mitigation entirely for impacts associated with construction of US 64-264.
Two hydrologic monitoring gauges were installed on the site in March 2002. The gauges
must show site inundation or saturation within 12 inches of the surface for at least
12.5% of the growing season, as per federal guidelines. Following the first full growing
season of monitoring, the site indicates initial hydrologic success, as both gauges
showed saturation for at least 20% of the growing season.
Following initial vegetation failure, the site was replanted in May 2002. Success
guidelines for the site state that at least 50% of the individual plants must survive after
five years and that at the planted species must show a minimum of 75% aerial coverage
of the site. Monitoring in August 2002 indicated that minimal planted vegetation was
surviving; thus no exact values of percent cover and frequency were calculated. The
site will be re-evaluated and is scheduled to be replanted in 2003.
Based on the monitoring results for this growing season, NCDOT proposes to continue
hydrologic monitoring and to restart vegetation monitoring following replanting of the
site.
t

1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Project Description
The White's Store Wetland Mitigation Site is located west of Manns Harbor in Dare
County (Figure 1). Built in early 2002, the site serves as mitigation for impacts
associated with US 64-264 construction (USACE Action ID No. 199502334). The site is
designed to serve as 1.4 acres of saw grass marsh mitigation.
1.2 Purpose
In order to demonstrate successful mitigation, hydrologic and vegetative monitoring
must be conducted for a minimum of five years or until success criteria are fulfilled.
Success criteria are based on federal guidelines for wetland mitigation. These
guidelines stipulate criteria for both hydrologic conditions and vegetation survival. The
following report details the results of hydrologic and vegetative monitoring during 2002
at the White's Store Mitigation Site.
Activities in 2002 reflect the first year of monitoring at the mitigation site. Included in
this report are analyses of both hydrologic and vegetative monitoring results as well as
local climate conditions throughout the growing season.
1.3 Project History
May 2001 Site Constructed
May 2001 Site Planted
August 2001 Vegetation Monitoring (1 yr.)
March 2002 Monitoring Gauges Installed
March - November 2002 Hydrologic Monitoring (1 yr.)
May 2002 Site Replanted
August 2002 Vegetation Monitoring (1 yr. restart)
November 2002 Site Treated for Phragmites
1.4 Debit Ledger
The site is designed to serve as mitigation entirely for US 64-264 construction, Project
TIP Nos. R-2551, State Project No. 8.T051401. The 1.4-acre saw grass marsh
restoration site serves as mitigation for 0.21 acres of impacts due to US 64-264
construction.
2

'Lb4'
\
1. 12 21,,2er
1
US 64-264
+ ns I lorbor Bypass
f'.
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White's Store '+ �� (I'
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US 64 Ir=,..-A;
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04
II '264
I\ ,
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Figure 1. Site Location Map
3

2.0 HYDROLOGY
2.1 Success Criteria
In accordance with federal guidelines for wetland mitigation, the success criteria for
hydrology states that the area must be inundated or saturated (within 12 inches of the
surface) by surface or ground water for at least 12.5% of the growing season. Areas
inundated less than 5% of the growing season are always classified as non-wetlands.
Areas inundated between 5% - 12.5% of the growing season can be classified as
wetlands depending upon other factors, such as the presence of wetland vegetation and
hydric soils. Hydrologic monitoring is to be conducted for 5 years.
The growing season in Dare County begins March 13 and ends November 25. The
dates correspond to a 50% probability that temperatures will drop to 28° F or lower after
March 13 and before November 25.1 The growing season is 258 days; therefore the
optimum duration for wetland hydrology is 32 days. Also, local climate (represented
here by local rainfall totals) must represent average conditions for the area. The site is
to be monitored for five years.
2.2 Hydrologic Description
The site was constructed by grading to a natural wetland elevation in order to replicate
the hydrology of adjacent emergent communities that are also used as a reference
ecosystem. Groundwater and rainfall are the primary hydrologic influences for the site.
Two groundwater gauges monitor water levels on the site. Since no rain gauge was
installed on the site, rainfall measured at the nearby Mashoes Road Mitigation Site is
included on the final groundwater measurement plots to see how the site responds to
individual rainfall events. The vegetation plot map included in Appendix B contains the
locations of the two site groundwater gauges.
Natural Resources Conservation Service,Soil Survey of Dare County,North Carolina,p.69.
4

2.3 Results of Hydrologic Monitoring
2.3.1 Site Data
Table 1 presents the hydrologic monitoring results for both of the gauges. The results
indicate that both gauges show jurisdictional hydrologic success by showing saturation
within 12 inches of the surface for more than a consecutive 12.5% of the growing
season.
Appendix A contains a plot of the groundwater depth for each monitoring gauge. The
maximum number of consecutive days that the gauge met success above this 12-inch
depth is noted on each graph. Precipitation events are included on each graph as bars.
Table 1. 2002 Hydrologic Monitoring Results
Monitoring < 5% 5-8% 8—12.5% > 12.5% Actual Dates
Gauge (<13 dy) (13-20 dy) (21-32 dy) (>32 dy) Consecutive Meeting
Success
WS-1 ✓ 20.9% 10/3-12/11
WS-2 ✓ 53.5% 7/11-12/11
Gauge problems: A dead battery in WS-2 caused a loss in data for that location
from May— July 2002.
2.3.2 Climatic Data
Figure 2 represents an examination of the local climate in comparison with historical
data in order to determine whether 2002 was "average" in terms of climate conditions.
The figure compares the rainfall from 2002 with that of historical rainfall (data collected
between 1971 and 2002). All rainfall data was collected from the NC State Climate
Office. The graph includes monthly rainfall totals from November 2001 through July
2002. Information from the Manteo Airport for the months of August through December
was not available at the time of this report. The actual totals from the Manteo Airport
rain gauge, if available, will be included in the 2003 report.
According to the data recorded at the Manteo Airport, the first half of 2002 saw less
rainfall than normal. February, April, May and June experienced below average rainfall.
November and December 2001, two critical months during the normal wet season, also
experienced well below normal rainfall. The month of January recorded average rainfall
for the site. Only the months of March and July experienced above average rainfall.
2.4 Conclusions
Based on both the data recorded by the onsite groundwater monitoring gauges and the
area rainfall data, the site meets jurisdictional success criteria while experiencing less
than average rainfall conditions. Thus groundwater input is providing adequate
hydrology for the site. NCDOT will continue hydrologic monitoring in 2003.
5

White's Store 30-70 Percentile Graph 2002
Manteo, NC
10
9 ,
7 — NO AUGUST-DECEMBER 2002,
30-70 DATA AVAILABLE
t
6 70th Percentile
5
4
30th Percentile
3
2
1
o El 11
Nov 01' Dec 01' Jan 02' Feb 02' Mar 02' Apr 02' May 02' Jun 02' Jul 02' Aug 02' Sep 02' Oct 02' Nov 02' Dec 02'
DATE
02001 Rainfall =5E2002 Rainfall —30th Percentile —70th Percentile
Figure 2. 30-70 Percentile Graph (Data from Manteo Airport, Dare County, NC)
6

3.0 VEGETATION
3.1 Success Criteria
The site will be considered a success if at the end of 5 years more than 50% of
individual plants have survived and are growing or growth of planted species has
achieved aerial coverage of at least 75% of the site.
3.2 Description of Species
The following was planted in the Wetland Restoration Area:
Cladium jamaicense, Sawgrass
3.3 Results of Vegetation Monitoring
Site was monitored in August 2002 and minimal planted vegetation was observed.
Therefore, no values were calculated for frequency and percent cover.
3.4 Conclusions
The White's Store site does not currently meet the approved vegetation success criteria.
NCDOT plans to conduct soil samples and further evaluate the vegetation failure
experienced in 2002. Possible explanation of the lack of vegetation success may be
due to problems with the soil present after excavation of the old road bed and/or soil
compaction problems from the old road bed. NCDOT plans to perform soil tillage and
custom fertilization based on NCDA soil analysis before re-planting. The site is
scheduled to be replanted in May, 2003.

4.0 OVERALL CONCLUSIONS/ RECOMMENDATIONS
Both of the groundwater monitoring gauges installed on site indicated that the
site was saturated within 12 inches of the surface for more than 12.5% of the
growing season. Based upon the initial success of the site in meeting
jurisdictional hydrologic criteria, NCDOT will continue hydrologic monitoring.
Adequate soil preparation and soil amendments will be accomplished prior to
replanting. The site was replanted in May 2002, but monitoring conducted in
August 2002 indicated minimal plant survival. The site will be re-evaluated and is
scheduled to be replanted in 2003. Vegetation monitoring will begin again once
the site has been replanted.

White Stor-
ore
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Photo 1 Photo 2

r 11
11115
a
�e S S cam- .��_ APR 11999
STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
JAMES B. HUNT JR. E. NORRIS TOLSON
GOVERNOR SECRETARY
April 7, 1999
Charles Jones, Assistant Director
Division of Coastal Management
Hestron Plaza II
151-B Highway 24
Morehead City, North Carolina
Dear Mr. Jones:
SUBJECT: Proposed Refinement to CAMA Major Development Permit No.
7-98 (Issued on January 20, 1998, Previously Modified September
23, 1998): the Improvements to US 64-264, Including the Construction of
a New Croatan Sound Bridge, from West of Manns Harbor to NC 345,
South of Manteo, in Dare County; Federal Aid Project No. NHF-64 (6);
State Project No. 8.T051401; TIP No. R-2551
The Department of Transportation has determined that it must modify its original
provisions for surface drainage along the highway right of way in the vicinity of White's
Store and adjacent residential properties. The previous design called for collecting this
stormwater and conveying it along a new drainage ditch to a point south of Boat Ramp
Road where it would be discharged into the open surface waters of a canal.
Since this original proposal would have required a permanent drainage easement (PDE)
through private properties, and since the properties to be affected by the discharge are
relatively small parcels, the drainage encroachment was considered to be overly intrusive.
In addition, the surface water would have been discharged into an open waterway after
being conveyed through a vegetated ditch. Since the ditch probably would have been
maintained as an extension of the adjacent lawnscapes, and the groundcover would
probably have been kept closely cut; it would have served as a poor filter of the
stormwater while in route to its ultimate discharge. Unfortunately, this same ditch would
have been a fairly efficient conduit for the transport of lawn nutrients to the canal.
The existing design proposes to collect surface water at discrete drop inlets along the
right of way and to convey the effluent to a small drainage ditch to be constructed
immediately north of the proposed roadway fill between Stations (+/-) 32+80 and 34+40
(Figures 6-8).
P.O. Box 850, Edenton, NC 27932 [phone] Fax: [phone]

Page 2
April 7, 1999
Charles Jones
The proposed design revision will result in a small increase in wetland impacts. The
additional impacts will occur in a scrub-shrub/emergent wetland, which lies immediately
adjacent to the residentially developed portion of Manns Harbor. Anticipated impacts
will actually occur along a narrow fringe of this community, which is dominated by saw
grass (Cladium jamaicense) and pond pine (Pinus serotina) interspersed with bays
(Persia borbonia, Myrica cerifera, etc.). These additional impacts will result from newly
proposed fill (0.09 acre) and newly proposed excavation (0.12 acre), totaling 0.21 acre of
additional impacts. Please note that, in the interest of minimization, the Department has
eliminated the 10-foot wide mechanized clearing zone along the entire length of the
proposed ditch.
Compensatory Mitigation Proposal
In order to compensate for the loss of an additional 0.21 acre of this wetland, the
Department proposes to convert a section of roadway (including roadside shoulders and
fill slopes) to saw grass marsh by removing the underlying pavement and aggregate base,
and grading to natural wetland elevation. This portion of roadway is being replaced by a
new location segment that will provide eastbound US 64 traffic with a continuous
movement through the US 64-264 intersection at Gateway (Figures 2-5). The proposed
restoration area approximates 1.4 acres in surface area and is located north and west of
the proposed roadway between Stations (+/-) 12+00 and 16+00 (Figures 2-5).
Following appropriate site preparation, including, but not limited to scarification of
subsoil and top-dressing with several inches of an organic surface layer', the Department
proposes to establish an emergent wetland community comprised of saw grass. The
natural landscape surrounding the restoration area is composed predominately of saw
grass marsh. The reference ecosystem is the marsh complex lying adjacent to the
roadside canal north of US 64-264 immediately east of Gateway (Figure 3). Saw grass
clumps (2-3 stems per clump), to be obtained from a local source, will be planted at
intervals of 30" (on centers) throughout the restoration area.
Replicating the hydrology of the adjacent emergent community (reference ecosystem)
should be a matter of establishing the appropriate surface elevations across the site
followed by site preparation to loosen any tightly compacted soil zones. Emphasis will be
given to limiting heavy equipment operation to the bare minimum required to get the job
done followed by loosening up the substrate through scarification, etc.
Hydrological and vegetation monitoring will be conducted for a period of 5 years. The
hydrological success criterion dictates that the groundwater table must occur within the
top 12 inches of the soil profile for at least 12.5% of the growing season, consecutively.
Vegetation success will have been achieved when, at the end of the monitoring period,
'The Department will specify that sufficient organic waste from the undercut of adjacent saw grass marsh
(an activity authorized under the existing DOA/401/CAMA permits)shall be stockpiled at an upland site to
be used as top-dressing in the on-site marsh restoration area.

• Page 3
April 7, 1999 APR 12 1999
Charles Jones
more than 50% of individual plants have survived and are growing, or growth of planted
species has achieved aerial coverage of at least 75% of the site. If necessary, as indicated
by monitoring data, appropriate remedial actions shall be undertaken by the Department
as approved and directed by the USACE in consultation with partner agencies, including
the Division of Coastal Management.
Unfortunately, it is anticipated that implementation of the on-site wetland restoration
effort will not be able to get underway until late winter/early spring 2002 due to conflicts
with on-going construction activities and traffic staging during various construction
phases of the roadway project. This project is somewhat more complex than the "typical"
roadway project by virtue of the complicated staging that will be necessitated by de-
watering and concomitant shoring requirements that will be pre-requisite to maintaining
traffic flows throughout the construction interval.
Your consideration is requested in processing this proposal as a refinement, or a minor
modification. An expedited approval NLT mid-May is essential to meeting critical
project scheduling. Please call me if I can provide any additional information. This
office will cooperate in any way necessary to assist in expediting this request. A check for
$50.00 is enclosed to cover the cost of processing of the Minor Modification.
Thank you for your time and cooperation.
Sincerely,
.41/2441//
M. Randall Turner, Senior Environmental Officer
Project Development& Environmental Analysis
Enclosures
Cc: Michael F. Bell, USACE
David R. Cox, NCWRC
Tom McCartney,USFWS
John Hennessey,NCDWQ
Sara Winslow,NCDMF
Ron Sechler,NMFS
Randy Wise, P.E.,NCDOT
D. R. Conner, P.E.,NCDOT
William D. Gilmore, P.E.,NCDOT

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tS; 401ISSUED
STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
DEPARTMENT OF '1'RANSPO TATION
JAMES B. HUNT JR. E. NORRIS TOLSON
GOVERNOR SECRETARY
April 7,-1- oho
r
Michael F. Bell, P.W.S., Regulatory Project M a r '?-
U. S. Army Corps of Engineers rb
Washington Regulatory Field Office (
P.O. Box 1000 \ 1999
Washington, North Carolina 28779 b T.4; 44
Dear Mr. Bell:
SUBJECT: Proposed Minor Modification to Department of the Army Permit No.
199502334 (Issued on March 4, 1998, Previously Modified September
24, 1998 and February 26, 1999): the Improvements to US 64-264,
Including the Construction of a New Croatan Sound Bridge, from West of
Manns Harbor to NC 345, South of Manteo, in Dare County; Federal Aid
Project No. NHF-64 (6); State Project No. 8.T051401; TIP No. R-2551
The Department of Transportation has determined that it must modify its original
provisions for surface drainage along the highway right of way in the vicinity of White's
Store and adjacent residential properties. The previous design called for collecting this
stormwater and conveying it along a new drainage ditch to a point south of Boat Ramp
Road where it would be discharged into the open surface waters of a canal.
Since this original proposal would have required a permanent drainage easement (PDE)
through private properties, and since the properties to be affected by the discharge are
relatively small parcels, the drainage encroachment was considered to be overly intrusive.
In addition, the surface water would have been discharged into an open waterway after
being conveyed through a vegetated ditch. Since the ditch probably would have been
maintained as an extension of the adjacent lawnscapes, and the groundcover would
probably have been kept closely cut; it would have served as a poor filter of the
stormwater while in route to its ultimate discharge. Unfortunately, this same ditch would
have been a fairly efficient conduit for the transport of lawn nutrients to the canal.
The existing design proposes to collect surface water at discrete drop inlets along the
right of way and to convey the effluent to a small drainage ditch to be constructed
immediately north of the proposed roadway fill between Stations (+!-) 32+80 and 34+40
(Figures 6-8).
P.O. Box 850, Edenton, NC 27932 [phone] Fax: [phone]

Page 2
April 7, 1999
Michael F. Bell
The proposed design revision will result in a small increase in wetland impacts. The
additional impacts will occur in a scrub-shrub/emergent wetland, which lies immediately
adjacent to the residentially developed portion of Manns Harbor. Anticipated impacts
will actually occur along a narrow fringe of this community, which is dominated by saw
grass (Cladium jamaicense) and pond pine (Pinus serotina) interspersed with bays
(Persia borbonia, Myrica cerifera, etc.). These additional impacts will result from newly
proposed fill (0.09 acre) and newly proposed excavation (0.12 acre), totaling 0.21 acre of
additional impacts. Please note that, in the interest of minimization, the Department has
eliminated the 10-foot wide mechanized clearing zone along the entire length of the
proposed ditch.
Compensatory Mitigation Proposal
In order to compensate for the loss of an additional 0.21 acre of this wetland, the
Department proposes to convert a section of roadway (including roadside shoulders and
fill slopes) to saw grass marsh by removing the underlying pavement and aggregate base,
and grading to natural wetland elevation. This portion of roadway is being replaced by a
new location segment that will provide eastbound US 64 traffic with a continuous
movement through the US 64-264 intersection at Gateway (Figures 2-5). The proposed
restoration area approximates 1.4 acres in surface area and is located north and west of
the proposed roadway between Stations (+/-) 12+00 and 16+00 (Figures 2-5).
Following appropriate site preparation, including, but not limited to scarification of
subsoil and top-dressing with several inches of an organic surface layer', the Department
proposes to establish an emergent wetland community comprised of saw grass. The
natural landscape surrounding the restoration area is composed predominately of saw
grass marsh. The reference ecosystem is the marsh complex lying adjacent to the
roadside canal north of US 64-264 immediately east of Gateway (Figure 3). Saw grass
clumps (2-3 stems per clump), to be obtained from a local source, will be planted at
intervals of 30" (on centers) throughout the restoration area.
Replicating the hydrology of the adjacent emergent community (reference ecosystem)
should be a matter of establishing the appropriate surface elevations across the site
followed by site preparation to loosen any tightly compacted soil zones. Emphasis will be
given to limiting heavy equipment operation to the bare minimum required to get the job
done followed by loosening up the substrate through scarification, etc.
Hydrological and vegetation monitoring will be conducted for a period of 5 years. The
hydrological success criterion dictates that the groundwater table must occur within the
top 12 inches of the soil profile for at least 12.5% of the growing season, consecutively.
Vegetation success will have been achieved when, at the end of the monitoring period,
The Department will specify that sufficient organic waste from the undercut of adjacent saw grass marsh
(an activity authorized under the existing DOA,401/CAMA permits) shall be stockpiled at an upland site to
be used as top-dressing in the on-site marsh restoration area.

Page 3
April 7, 1999
Michael F. Bell
more than 50% of individual plants have survived and are growing, or growth of planted
species has achieved aerial coverage of at least 75% of the site. If necessary, as indicated
by monitoring data, appropriate remedial actions shall be undertaken by the Department
as approved and directed by the USACE in consultation with partner agencies.
Unfortunately, it is anticipated that implementation of the on-site wetland restoration
effort will not be able to get underway until late winter/early spring 2002 due to conflicts
with on-going construction activities and traffic staging during various construction
phases of the roadway project. This project is somewhat more complex than the "typical"
roadway project by virtue of the complicated staging that will be necessitated by de-
watering and concomitant shoring requirements that will be pre-requisite to maintaining
traffic flows throughout the construction interval.
Your consideration is requested in processing this proposal as a "minor" modification. It
is hoped that the USACE will find the Department's compensatory mitigation proposal
attractive in its simplicity. Similar in its less formal conception to the Pembroke Creek
Mitigation Site effort, it is felt that a successful mitigation effort can result from an
effective collaboration among the Department, the USACE and the other partner
agencies. An expedited approval is essential to meeting critical project scheduling.
Please call me if I can provide any additional information.
Thank you for your time and cooperation.
Sincerely,
gQ0/f c
M. Randall Turner, Senior Environmental Officer
Project Development & Environmental Analysis
Enclosures
Cc: David R. Cox, NCWRC
Tom McCartney, USFWS
John Hennessey, NCDWQ
Sara Winslow, NCDMF
Charles Jones, NCDCM
Ron Sechler,NMFS
Randy Wise, P.E., NCDOT
D. R. Conner, P.E., NCDOT
William D. Gilmore, P.E.,NCDOT

003
60A .,46,2 ,
chof
1.4 Debit Ledger
The site was designed to serve as mitigation (entirely) for US 64-264 construction,
Project TIP No. R-2551, State Proje . : .:,1401. The 1.4-acre saw grass marsh
restoration site provides mitigation .r 0.21 acres 6f impacts from the construction of US
64-264.
2.0 HYDROLOGY
2.1 Success Criteria
There are not written success criteria for the White's Store Mitigation Site. The
hydrologic monitoring aspect involves the use of surface water gauges. The site is a
wind driven tidal system; therefore, it will be deemed successful when the site
demonstrates occasional flooding. Groundwater monitoring is not required on this site
(tidal system).
2.2 Hydrologic Description
The site was constructed by grading to a natural wetland elevation in order to replicate
the hydrology of adjacent emergent communities that are also used as a reference
ecosystem. Groundwater and rainfall are the primary hydrologic influences for the site.
Two groundwater-monitoring gauges were installed on the site in March 2002. At the
request of the resource agencies, these two gauges were reset in May 2003 as surface
water gauges that record data in 3-hour intervals (Figure 2).
2.3 Results of Hydrologic Monitoring
2.3.1 Site Data
The resource agencies in conjunction with NCDOT decided that the federal wetland
success criteria guidelines did not pertain to the White's Store Mitigation Site, since it is
a wind driven tidal system. It was determined that in order for the site to achieve
hydrologic success, it must exhibit occasional surface flooding.
2.3.2 Climatic Data
Figure 3 represents an examination of the local climate in comparison with historical
data in order to determine whether 2003 was "average" in terms of climate conditions.
The two lines represent the 30th and 70th percentiles of monthly precipitation for Manteo,
NC. The bars are monthly rainfall totals for November 2002 through August 2003.
There was no rainfall data available for (September-November). The historical data was
collected from the State Climate Office of North Carolina.
4

•
3.4 Conclusions
In May 2001, the White Store Mitigation Site was planted with approximately
6,000 saw grass plants. Only three-fourths of the site was planted due to the
saw grass availability at that time. In May 2002, the entire site was replanted
with approximately 9,000 saw grass plants. In April 2003, the entire site was
tilled and replanted with approximately 9,700 saw grass plants. Very little
success has been achieved with respect to the saw grass replanting. It appears
that an Echinochloa species is covering the majority of the site.
The site will be surveyed this year to ensure that the elevation is the same as the
reference site. NCDOT will also take soil samples at the reference site and the
mitigation site to compare the soil conditions.
Phragmites have been noted in small portions on the site. NCDOT has treated
the site for the past two years to keep the phragmites under control.
NCDOT will continue vegetation monitoring at the White's Store Mitigation Site.
4.0 OVERALL CONCLUSIONS/ RECOMMENDATIONS
For the 2003-year, the two surface gauges met the success criteria by exhibiting
frequent flooding on the site.
In April 2003, the entire site was tilled and replanted with saw grass. The site is
experiencing difficulty achieving success with respect to the saw grass
replanting. It appears that an Echinochloa species is covering the majority of the
site.
The site will be surveyed this year to ensure that the elevation is the same as the
reference site. NCDOT will also take soil samples at the reference site and the
mitigation site to compare the soil conditions.
NCDOT will continue to monitor hydrology and vegetation at White's Store
Mitigation Site.
10