NCDOT 89-96 Federal Consistency Concurrence

State of North Carolina
Department of Environment,
Health and Natural Resources 4 • �
Division of Coastal Management
JamesnatB. Hunt,Jrw., , Secretr
ary
Co E H N FR
Jonathan B. Howes, Secretary
Roger N. Schecter, Director
May 20, 1996
Colonel Robert J. Sperberg
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
Wilmington District
P.O. Box 1890
Wilmington, NC 28402
Reference: ACTID-94-0991 NC Department of Transportation Improve US 17 Chowan River to
Edenton TIP Nos. R-2512A, R-2512B
Dear Colonel Sperberg:
The State of North Carolina has completed its review pursuant to 15 CFR 930 Subpart D,of
Corps Public Notice Action ID No. 199600991,regarding an application by The North Carolina
Department of Transportation to impact wetlands and waters for the widening of US 17 from west of
the Chowan River to US 17 Business least of Edenton. The proposed project includes 9.3 miles of
improvements including the construction of a new high rise bridge across the Chowan River. 16.2
acres of 404 wetlands will be filled adjacent to the Chowan River,Pembroke Creek, and their
tributaries. Based upon our review we agree with the Department of Transportation's determination
that the proposal is consistent with the North Carolina Coastal Management Program,provided the
following conditions are met:
1. A 401 Water Quality Certification is received from the NC Division of Environmental
Management, and all conditions of the Certification are met.
2. All areas are properly graded and appropriate erosion control devices, measures, or
structures are used to prevent sediment from entering adjacent wetlands and watercourses.
3. A ground cover sufficient to restrain erosion is provided within 30 working days of
completion of any phase of grading on cut or filled slopes.
4. A permanent ground cover sufficient to restrain erosion is provided on all exposed
areas within the shorter of 30 working or 120 calendar days after project completion.
P.O.Box 27687, � FAX [phone]
Raleigh,North Carolina 27611-7687 An Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer
Voice 919-733-2293 Keduce Ke„5C Kecycie 50%recycled/10%post-consumer paper

• 5. Borrow and waste areas are not allowed in wetlands.
6. Construction staging areas are situated in uplands specifically, not in wetland
areas.
7. Mitigation for the project will be developed and conducted in full coordination and
cooperation of the NC Wildlife Resources Commission and the NC Division of Marine
Fisheries. Cleared and maintained areas in wetlands should be included in the wetland
impact totals and be included in the wetlands mitigation for the project.
8. CAMA Permits are received for those portions of the project that are located within
Areas of Environmental Concern, and all conditions of the Permits are met.
If you or the Department of Transportation have any questions regarding our finding or
conditions,please contact Steve Benton or Caroline Bellis,Division of Coastal Management, at
[phone]. Thank you for your consideration of the North Carolina Coastal Management
Program.
Sincerely,
Air Roger N. Schecter
cc: Terry Moore, Division of Coastal Management, Washington
Richard Watts, Division of Coastal Management , Elizabeth City •
John Parker, Permits Coordinator, Division of Coastal Management
Jim Mulligan, Division of Environmental Management
Patrick McClain, Division of Land Resources
Frank McBride, Wildlife Resources Commission
P.A. Wojciechowski, Division of Marine Fisheries

^`%ST()F DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY
,Z.T \ �//j"��'n
a WILMINGTON DISTRICT,CORPS OF ENGINEERS
'. , P.O.1," BOX 1890
�� .`��_ WILMINGTON,NORTH CAROLINA 28402-1890
r
�,fr,� _,,,, REPLY TO
i�rr,or s ATTENTION OF August 9, 1996
Regulatory Branch -\'.--,_
Action ID. 199400991 F��
��
Mr. H. Franklin Vick A `
Planning and Environmental Branch
North Carolina Department of Transportation
Post Office Box 25201
Raleigh, North Carolina 27611-5201
Dear Mr. Vick:
In accordance with the written request of March 25, 1996 and the ensuing
administrative record, enclosed is a Department of the Army (DA) permit to
fill 16.20 acres of 404 wetlands and fill 0.22 acre of open waters of the
United States adjacent to the Chowan River, Pembroke Creek, and their unnamed
tributaries. The project purpose is to widen 9.3 miles of U.S. 17, including
replacing the bridges over the Chowan River and Pembroke Creek, from 0.5 miles
west of the Chowan River to west of U.S. 17 Business, East of Edenton, Chowan
and Bertie Counties, North Carolina.
If any change in the authorized work is required because of unforeseen or
altered conditions or for any other reason, the plans revised to show the
change must be sent promptly to this office. Such action is necessary, as
revised plans must be reviewed and the permit modified.
Carefully read your permit. The general and special conditions are
important. Your failure to comply with these conditions could result in a
violation of Federal law. Certain significant general conditions require
that:
a. You must complete construction before December 31, 1999.
b. You must notify this office in advance as to when you intend to
commence and complete work.
c. You must allow representatives from this office to make periodic
visits to your worksite as deemed necessary to assure compliance with permit
plans and conditions.
The enclosed Notice of Authorization, ENG Form 4336, must be
conspicuously displayed at your worksite.
12
Sincerely,
1
A0t?EC NEO
•
AUGcuiS 13 A1996 3
G. Wayne Wright MANAGEMENT
Chief, Regulatory Branch /,yo
Enclosures
440 9

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Copy Furnished with enclosures:
Chief, Source Data Unit
NOAA/National Ocean Service
ATTN: Sharon Tear N/CS261
1315 East-west Hwy. , Rm 7316
Silver Spring, MD 20910-3282
Copies Furnished with special conditions and plans:
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Fish and Wildlife Enhancement
Post Office Box 33726
Raleigh, North Carolina 27636-3726
Mr. Larry Hardy
National Marine Fisheries Service
Pivers Island
Beaufort, North Carolina 28516
Mr. Thomas Welborn, Chief
Wetlands Regulatory Section - Region IV
Wetlands, Oceans and Watersheds Branch
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
345 Courtland Street, N.E.
Atlanta, Georgia 30365
Mr. John Parker
Division of Coastal Management
North Carolina Department of
Environment, Health and
Natural Resources
Post Office Box 27687
Raleigh, North Carolina 27611-7687

f ■
SPECIAL CONDITIONS
a. The permittee and its contractors and/or agents shall
not excavate, fill, or perform landclearing at any time in the
construction or maintenance of this project within waters and/or
wetlands, except as authorized by this permit or any modification
to this permit . There shall be no excavation from or waste
disposal into jurisdictional wetlands or waters associated with
this permit without appropriate modification of the permit .
b. To ensure that all borrow and waste activities occur on
high ground, except as authorized by this permit, the permittee
shall require its contractors and/or agents to identify all areas
to be used to borrow material, or to dispose of dredged, fill, or
waste material . The permittee shall ensure that all such areas
comply with Special Condition (a. ) of this permit, and shall
require and maintain documentation of the location and
characteristics of all borrow and disposal sites associated with
this project . This information will include data regarding
soils, vegetation and hydrology sufficient to clearly demonstrate
compliance with Special Condition (a. ) above . All information
will be available to the Corps of Engineers on request .
c . The permittee shall require its contractors and/or
agents to comply with the terms and conditions of this permit in
the construction and maintenance of this project, and shall
provide each of its contractors and/or agents associated with the
construction or maintenance of this project with a copy of this
permit .
d. All work authorized by this permit must be performed in
strict compliance with the attached plans, except as modified by
special permit conditions (f . ) , and (m. ) , which are a part of
this permit .
e. The mitigation work will be undertaken at the Dismal
Swamp Mitigation Site (DSMS) pursuant to the plan entitled
"Compensatory Mitigation Plan, N.C. Department of Transportation,
US 17 Widening, Edenton to Hertford, Traffic Improvement Project
(TIP) : R-2208A, Chowan and Perquimans Counties, North Carolina" ,
dated April 24, 1995, and will be commenced immediately, and
implemented concurrently with all phases of construction
activities authorized by this permit, to the extent necessary to
construct, monitor and maintain 2 . 69 acres of non-riverine
wetlands, and 8 . 6 acres of riverine wetlands, to the satisfaction
of the Corps of Engineers . All work within waters and/or

•
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wetlands shall cease if planting is not completed by April 1,
1997 . Any deviation from this schedule must be approved by the
Wilmington district, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Regulatory
Branch.
f . The mitigation work to restore Pembroke Creek wetlands
will be undertaken in accordance with the plan discussed in the
letter dated July 8, 1996, from Mr. H. Franklin Vick to
Mr. Michael D. Smith, and will be commenced immediately, and
implemented concurrently with all phases of construction
activities authorized by this permit, to the extent necessary to
restore, monitor and maintain 5 acres of adjacent riverine
wetlands to the satisfaction of the Corps of Engineers . All
planting must be completed by April 1, 1998 . Any deviation from
this schedule must be approved by the Wilmington district, U.S .
Army Corps of Engineers, Regulatory Branch.
g. Once the acreage at the mitigation site, which will be
used to satisfy conditions (e. ) and (f. ) above have been
identified, NCDOT shall survey them, and provide the Corps of
Engineers a copy of the survey. NCDOT shall maintain the acreage
described in this paragraph in the condition achieved by
implementation of the mitigation plan, and approved by the Corps
of Engineers, in perpetuity.
h. The permittee shall make every effort to convey the
portions of the mitigation sites identified pursuant to condition
(g. ) above, to a nonprofit conservation organization acceptable
to the Corps of Engineers and, if unsuccessful, shall maintain
such portions in their natural condition, as modified by work
performed pursuant to the mitigation plan, in perpetuity.
Prohibited activities within the mitigation areas specifically
include, but are not limited to, the construction or placement of
structures of any kind (i .e . , billboards, interior fences, etc . )
the discharge of dredged or fill material (including wasting
debris, trash, etc. ) , excavation, the cutting, removal or damage
of any vegetation, grading, leveling, or any other earth moving
activity, except as may be authorized by the mitigation plans .
i . The permittee shall not sell or otherwise convey the
properties used to satisfy mitigation requirements for this
permit, or any interest therein, to any third party, without the
express written consent of the Corps of Engineers . It is the
intent of the Corps of Engineers and the permittee that the
properties be conveyed to an acceptable nonprofit conservation
organization, or a state or local government willing to hold the
areas in perpetuity for conservation purposes.

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j . The permittee shall contact the Corps of Engineers,
Washington Regulatory Field Office NCDOT Regulatory Project
Manager and provide him with the opportunity to attend the yearly
mitigation monitoring efforts .
k. The permittee will submit the yearly mitigation
monitoring reports within 60 calendar days of each assessment
period.
1 . The permittee will mitigate the 10 . 38 acres of high
quality riverine wetland losses by debiting 103 . 8 acres from the
Company Swamp Mitigation Bank in Bertie County.
m. The permittee will retain a ten foot barrier median
through the wetlands on the east side of the Chowan River from
Station 4+900 to Station 5+300 .
n. Surveys for submerged Aquatic Vegetation (SAV) shall be
conducted prior to the initiation of construction activities in
the Chowan River. The area will again be surveyed immediately
after completion of the bridge . A report detailing the results
shall be submitted to Corps of Engineers within 60 days after
completion of the bridge. If SAVs have been lost, the report
shall also contain a mitigation plan to compensate for the
losses . This plan must be approved by DWQ and the Corps .
o. The temporary road accesses will be removed within 30
days of the completion of the project . The wetland sites
impacted by temporary construction access shall be monitored to
insure that native wetland vegetation is recolonizing the sites .
If a site has not achieved 80% areal coverage of native
vegetation within one year of the date the construction access is
removed, NCDOT shall plant the site with the species that were
present prior to the construction.
p. Work barges shall be floated into place and then sunk.
Additionally, work channels will not be dredged, nor "kicked" by
prop wash, to access any work site. Work barges will be marked
in accordance with US Coast Guard specifications .
q. The permittee shall develop and implement a data
recovery program for the historic archeological site 31 BR52
(Edenhouse) which was determined eligible for inclusion on the
National Register of Historic Places . The recovery program must
be approved by the N.C. Division of Archives and History and
completed before construction takes place.

•
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r. The permittee, its contractors and/or agents will
contact the US Army Corps of Engineers immediately if, during
construction, submerged archaeological materials are encountered.
The site must be protected until the Corps of Engineers consults
with the North Carolina Department of Cultural Resources and an
appropriate course of action is developed by the permittee .
s . The existing bridge superstructure will be removed
entirely from the Chowan River and placed and retained at an
approved upland disposal site. The existing bridge piers located
within the navigation channel will also be removed in their
entirety. The remaining bridge piers, located outside of the
navigation channel, must be removed equal to or below the natural
river bottom.
t . After appropriate salvage, the permittee, its
contractors and/or agents shall utilize the usable remains of the
removed bridge to create artificial reefs . These reefs will be
placed by NCDOT at the discretion of the North Carolina Division
of Marine Fisheries and with the written permission from the
Corps of Engineers, in accordance with the terms and conditions
of General Permit 198500194 dated January 1, 1992, within six
months after the bridge is removed.
u. Construction staging areas will not be situated in
waters of the United States, including wetlands .
v. The temporary placement or double handling of excavated
or fill materials within waters or wetlands is not authorized.
w. All fill material will be clean and free of any
pollutants except in trace quantities .
x. All fill material will be immediately stabilized and
maintained to prevent erosion and sedimentation into adjacent
waters and/or wetlands . Fescue will not be planted within
wetlands or any mitigation area.
y. The permittee will maintain the authorized work in good
condition and in conformance with the terms and conditions of
this permit . The permittee is not relieved of this requirement
if he abandons the permitted activity without having it
transferred to a third party.
z . An in-stream construction moratorium will be in effect
from February 15 to May 30 at the Pembroke Creek crossing to
minimize impacts to fishery resources .

•
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aa. Wet concrete shall not be allowed to contact the waters
of Pembroke Creek, the Chowan River, Albemarle Sound or their
tributaries . Water inside coffer dams or casings that has been
in contact with wet concrete should only be returned to the river
when it no longer poses a threat to aquatic organisms;
bb. No attempt will be made by the permittee to prevent the
full and free use by the public of all navigable waters at or
adjacent to the authorized work. Use of the permitted activity
must not interfere with the public ' s right to free navigation on
all navigable waters of the United States .

•
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LEGEND
+ 500.150 Project Station # (=Sta.#4 plus 500.15 meters)
Units of Dimensions Metric
Units in CAMA Application &
Letter English
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EBL East Bound Lane
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PT Point of Tangent
PC Point of Curve
LT Left
RT Right
F Limit of Fill (Slope-stake Line)
C Limit of Cut
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MHW Mean High Water
MLW Mean Low Water
ha. hectare (= 2.47 acres)
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REPLACEMENT OF BRIDGE NO.30 ON U.S.17 OVER
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2.5 0 5 PROJECT 8.T010602 - R-25128
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SHEET 22 OF 41 OCT.,1995

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REPLACEMENT OF BRIDGE NO.38 ON U.S.17 OVER
• THE CHOWAN RIVER, INCLUDING ROADWAY APPROACHES
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SHEET 2OF ! NOVEMBER 1945

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REPLACEMENT OF BRIDGE NO.38 ON U.S.17 OVER
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��ti \�� DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY ;v ,v`',
Z. 7 WILMINGTON DISTRICT,CORPS OF ENGINEERS c
P.O.BOX1890 -_ " 5U" '
WILMINGTON,NORTH CAROLINA 28402-1890 °'
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•
,,,,�� REPLY TO
ATTENTION OF
June 26, 1996
Regulatory Branch
Action ID 199400991
Mr. H. Franklin Vick, P.E., Manager
Planning and Environmental Branch
North Carolina Department of Transportation
Post Office Box 25201
Raleigh, North Carolina 27611-5201
Dear Mr. Vick:
Please reference your application for Department of the Army (DA) authorization to
discharge fill materials over 16.20 acres of wetlands and 0.22 acre of open waters subject to our
regulatory authority located at Pembroke Creek and the Chowan River, and their unnamed
tributaries. The purpose of this work is to facilitate the widening of 9.3 miles of U.S. 17,
including the replacement of the bridges over both waterbodies, from 0.5 miles west of the
Chowan River to west of U.S. 17 Business, east of Edenton, in Chowan and Bertie Counties,
North Carolina(R-2404 B and C).
As you are aware, during the April 18 and June 20, 1996, Permit Agency Review Meetings,
we discussed several ways to mitigate the adverse impacts of this project. These suggestions
included: (a.) removing all existing fill located along the north side of Pembroke Creek (that fill
material discharged into jurisdictional wetlands during the original road construction, (b.)
installing hydrologic openings in the existing and proposed causeway fill located in the Chowan
River and Pembroke Creek floodplains to allow for a hydrological exchange, and (c.) extending
the proposed 10 foot median from the Chowan River bridge eastwardly through the jurisdictional
wetlands associated with this crossing. In your April 26, 1996, correspondence to me, you state
that you are investigating the feasibility of removing the fill material mentioned in(a.) and
reestablishing the original contour elevations. Mr. Michael Bell, Regulatory Project
Manager/North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) Coordinator with my
Washington Regulatory Field Office, has received grading plans for the proposed Pembroke
Creek mitigation effort. Please furnish a copy of these plans, including a plan view, and a cross-
section, as well as a vegetative planting plan, a contingency plan, a construction and monitoring
schedule for the proposed restoration, and your plans for the final disposition of the property, to
the State and Federal resource agencies for their subsequent review and comment. _
r 11 1?Ll f.,
REc4 EO ,
JUN,271996
• MANAGEMENT W
Printed on o, Recycled Paper '4/

•
-2-
You also stated in your April 26, 1996, correspondence that the NCDOT Hydrologic Unit
was studying the installation of the hydrologic openings in the existing and proposed Pembroke
Creek causeway. As discussed during our recent meeting, we request that you also study
the installation of hydrologic openings in the Chowan River floodplain as well. Pending receipt of
acceptable information to the contrary, we would expect the openings to be a minimum of 30
inches in diameter and installation to be at 200 foot intervals. You are requested to provide us
with the results of your study for our review. If the hydrologic connections are deemed
appropriate, please revise your plans in order for them to be included in your final approval.
As mentioned above, we have determined that a 10 foot median for the Chowan River and
eastern floodplain crossing is a practical alternative which would minimize adverse impacts to the
jurisdictional waters and the high quality wetlands associated with this project. Your plans should
be revised to reflect this reduced median width.
It is our policy to provide you an opportunity to furnish a proposed resolution or rebuttal to
all objections received from government agencies and other substantive comments prior to the
final decision on a proposed project. In this regard, I would appreciate receiving any written
comments you may have, as well as any revised plans, as soon as possible so that we may
continue to expedite your permit application.
Thank you for your time and cooperation in this matter. Any questions or comments may
be directed to Mr. Bell at telephone[phone] (X-26) or to me at [phone] (X-27).
Sincerely,
i•&
Michael D. Smith, P.W.S.
Chief, North Section
Regulatory Branch

,
-3-
C pies Furnished:
Mr. John Parker
Division of Coastal Management
North Carolina Department of Environment,
Health, and Natural Resources
Post Office Box 27687
Raleigh, North Carolina 27611-7687
Mr. David Cox
North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission
Post Office Box 118
Northside, North Carolina 27654
Mr. Larry Hardy
National Marine Fisheries Service
Pivers Island,
Beaufort, North Carolina 28516
Mr. Howard Hall
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Fish and Wildlife Enhancement
Post Office Box 33726
Raleigh, North Carolina 27637-3726
Mr. Thomas Welborn, Chief
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
345 Courtland Street, N.E.
Atlanta, Georgia 30365
Mr. Nicholas Graf
Federal Highway Administration
310 New Bern Avenue, Suite 410
Raleigh, North Carolina 27601

•
(-ANT OF T; United States Department of the Interior
„, ; 40 ..4-
, o FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE 12 1
?;� 44
�_ Raleigh Field Office
y a Post Office Box 33726
4gCH 3 A8 a Raleigh,North Carolina 27636-3726 : \DNECENEB
141g96
In Reply Refer To: s( I
(�A
FWS/R4/AES/RANC 2 C,,,,,,, E�1
May 3 c 1996
4' 9 10
Colonel Robert J. Sperberg
District Engineer
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
P.O. Box 1890
Wilmington, North Carolina 28402-1890
Attention: Regulatory Branch
Dear Colonel Sperberg:
This is the report of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service) on Public
Notice (PN) ID # 199400991, dated March 28, 1996. The North Carolina Department
of Transportation (NCDOT) has applied for a Department of the Army to place fill
material in 16.2 acres of wetlands and fill 0.22 acres of open water conjunction
with construction for widening US 17 and replacing bridges over the Chowan River
and Pembroke Creek, Bertie and Chowan Counties, North Carolina. This report is
submitted in accordance with the Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act (48 Stat.
401, as amended; 16 U.S.C. 661-667d) , and Section 7 of the Endangered Species Act
of 1973, as amended (16 U.S.C. 1531-1543) . It is to be used in your
determination of compliance with the Environmental Protection Agency's 404(b) (1)
Guidelines (40 CFR 230) and in your public interest review (33 CFR 320.4) as they
relate to protection of fish and wildlife resources.
According to information provided in the PN, the NCDOT proposes to widen an
existing two-lane section of US 17 to a four-lane, median divided roadway from
approximately 0.5 miles west of the Chowan River to US 17 Business, east of
Edenton. The 9.3 miles of construction include the construction of a new, fixed
span, high-rise bridge across the Chowan River to replace the existing two-lane,
swing-span structure. A new bridge would be constructed over Pembroke Creek.
The highway median would be 46 feet wide at wetland crossings.
Information provided in the PN indicates that 12 wetlands sites and three open
water sites would be impacted. Temporary wetland impacts would result from the
construction of temporary haul roads. Permanent wetland losses would consist of
14.92 acres of forested riverine areas and 1.28 acres of non-riverine areas.
Among the riverine wetland losses 11.08 acres would consist of high quality areas
adjacent to the Chowan River and Pembroke Creek. The description of wetlands
losses is consistent with observations made by a Service biologist visiting the
project area on March 6, 1996.
The PN indicates that the NCDOT will compensate for permanent wetland losses by
debiting wetland acres from the Dismal Swamp Mitigation Site (DSMS) in Gates and
Perquimans Counties and the Company Swamp Mitigation Bank (CSMB) in Bertie
County. Compensatory mitigation for wetland losses adjacent to Chowan River and
Pembroke Creek would consist of 83.1 acres from the CAMB, a ratio of 7.5 to 1.
Compensation for the remaining losses would consist of 8.06 acres from the DSMS,
a ratio of 2.0 to 1.

Service policy regarding compensatory mitigation for damage to habitats considers
both the value of those habitats to fish and wildlife and their relative
scarcity. Riverine wetlands in the project area provide valuable nesting,
roosting, and foraging habitat to many species of birds. Resident wildlife
species include numerous reptiles, amphibians, small mammals, and game animals.
These wetlands also function to improve water quality and control flooding.
While major efforts have been made in recent years to preserve and enhance
riverine wetlands, historic losses have been significant and every effort should
be made to avoid any additional losses.
The Service realizes that there are limited alignment alternatives available for
widening existing roads, and the Service considers the use of an alignment
immediate adjacent to an existing road to be preferable to construction on new
location. The Service has reviewed the March 12, 1996 letter from Mr. Vick of
the NCDOT to Katherine Doak of this office. The Service is pleased with this
thorough response to concerns of this office and other resource agencies. The
Service is especially pleased with the in-stream construction moratorium from
February 15 to May 30 in order to minimize impacts on fisheries resources.
However, there are design features and construction techniques which can to used
for construction along the existing road which could avoid or minimize wetland
losses. For the proposed project the Service recommends:
1. The NCDOT should use of the "top-down" construction for bridge
construction in order to eliminate the need for constructing parallel work
channels which may adversely affect important areas of submerged aquatic
vegetation;
2. No wetlands should be disturbed in order to create temporary storage or
equipment staging areas; and
3. If wetlands are used for temporary construction access, these areas should
be restored immediately after the completion of construction, monitored
for one year after restoration, and revegetated if natural vegetation
fails to become established on the site.
In summary, the Service does not oppose the issuance of a Department of the Army
permit for this project provided that conditions are specified to protect the
important fish and wildlife resources in the project area. The Service
recommends that conditions of the permit contain the environmental commitments
made by the NCDOT in their letter of March 12, 1996. These commitments include,
among others, standards for erosion/sediment control, limiting disturbances to
terrestrial vegetation, the moratorium on in-stream construction, and minimizing
damage to important areas of submerged aquatic vegetation. In addition to these
conditions, the Service recommends that the issuance of any permit be dependent
on a thorough assessment of wetland impacts associated with various bridge
construction techniques, including the "top-down" approach, in order to insure
that wetlands losses are avoided and minimized to the maximum extent possible.
Any permit should also contain conditions which address the Service concerns,
given as items 2 and 3 above, about clearing for storage/staging areas and the
restoration of temporarily disturbed wetlands.
The Service commented on potential impacts to Federally-listed species in our
letter of June 30, 1995 to the NCDOT. We stated our determination that the
proposed project would not adversely effect any species under our jurisdiction.
We have no reason to change that determination at this time. Therefore, we
believe that the requirements of Section 7 of the Act have been satisfied.
However, obligations under Section 7 of the Act must be reconsidered if: (1) new
information reveals impacts of this identified action that may affect listed
species or critical habitat in a manner not previously considered; (2) this
action is subsequently modified in a manner which was not considered in the
document; or, (3) a new species is listed or critical habitat determined that may
be affected by the identified action.

The Service appreciates the opportunity to comment on this project. Please
advise us of any action taken by the Wilmington District, Corps of Engineers on
this permit application. If you have any questions regarding our
recommendations, you may contact Howard Hall at 919-856-4520, ext.27.
Sincerely,
John M. Hefner
Field Supervisor
FWS/R4:HHall:5/3/96:WP:A:R-2512.596

a
0717*:-, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY #iv R,c WILMINGTON DISTRICT,CORPS OF ENGINEERS '`Gi w ',�I,
O 'ilU!i M P.O.BOX 1890 - 1,1 5U V>
ti,,w, L eoor 0 6e
r P`P WILMINGTON,NORTH CAROLINA 28402-1890 ,��`o.L.—.,,
;
srnrrs of P` REPLY TO r'tIiin„nt��\``-.
ATTENTION OF
April 22, 1996
Regulatory Branch
Action ID No. 199400991
Mr. H. Franklin Vick
Planning and Environmental Branch
North Carolina Department of Transportation
Post Office Box 25201
Raleigh, North Carolina 27611-5201
Dear Mr. Vick:
Reference your application for Department of Army (DA) authorization
to fill 16 .20 acres of 404 wetlands and fill 0.22 acre of open waters of the
United States adjacent to the Chowan River, Pembroke Creek, and their unnamed
tributaries. The project purpose is to widen 9.3 miles of U.S. 17, including
replacing the bridges over the Chowan River and Pembroke Creek, from 0.5 miles
west of the Chowan River to west of U.S. 17 Business, East of Edenton, Chowan
and Bertie Counties, North Carolina.
By letters dated April 3 and April 15, 1996, we received comments from
the North Carolina Division of Marine Fisheries and the National Marine
Fisheries Service. It is the policy of the Department of the Army to provide
an applicant the opportunity to furnish a proposed resolution or rebuttal to
all objections from government agencies and other substantive adverse comments
before a final decision is made on a proposed project. In this regard, I
would appreciate receiving any comments that you have on this matter. If you
intend to comment, please give your immediate attention to this matter, so
processing of your permit can be expedited.
Thank you for your time and cooperation. Should you have any questions,
you may contact me at our Washington Regulatory Field Office, telephone
(919) 975-1616, extension 26 .
Sincerely,
Michael F. Bell, P.W.S.
Regulatory Project Manager
Enclosures
Copies Furnished (without enclosures) :
OM i�2
Mr. John Parker
✓Nivision of Coastal Management tiQ RF�� f
orth Carolina Department of Environment, `� /
Health and Natural Resources Oz "�dit .I
fa
Post Office Box 27687 � � I
Raleigh, North Carolina 27611-7687 W

-2-
Mr. Larry Hardy
National Marine Fisheries Service
Pivers Island
Beaufort, North Carolina 28516
Mr. Howard Hall
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Fish and Wildlife Enhancement
Post Office Box 33726
Raleigh, North Carolina 27636-3726
Mr. Thomas Welborn, Chief
Wetlands Regulatory Section - Region IV
Wetlands, Oceans and Watersheds Branch
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
345 Courtland Street, N.E.
Atlanta, Georgia 30365
Mr. David Cox
PO Box 118
Northside, North Carolina 27564
Mr. Nicholas L. Graf
Federal Highway Administration
310 New Bern Avenue
Suite 410
Raleigh, North Carolina 27601

♦mot~` we-
o V UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
47 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
` t0 NATIONAL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE
��ir4rss of
Southeast Regional Office
9721 Executive Center Drive North
St. Petersburg, Florida 33702
April 15, 1996
Colonel Robert J. Sperberg
District Engineer, Wilmington District
Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers
P. 0. Box 1890
Wilmington, North Carolina 28402-1890
Attention Michael F. Bell
Dear Colonel Sperberg:
In accordance with Part II, Section 4 of the current Memorandum of
Agreement between the Departments of Commerce and the Army, I am
offering the following comments on permit application Action ID No.
199400991 dated March 28, 1996. The applicant, the North Carolina
Department of Transportation (NCDOT) , proposes to fill wetlands to
facilitate widening of U.S. Highway 17 from east of the Chowan
River to west of U.S. 17 Business in Chowan and Bertie Counties,
North Carolina (TIP NOS. R-2512A and R2512B, State Project No.
8 .T010602) . The purpose of the work is to improve transportation
in the project area and provide a link in the high-speed highway
ultimately connecting the Norfolk, Virginia, area to Raleigh, North
Carolina.
The proposed project consists of widening a 9. 3 mile section of
existing U. S. 17 along it's current alignment to a four-lane
median-divided roadway. The proposed improvements include the
construction of a new fixed-span, high-rise bridge across the
Chowan River, replacing the existing two-lane, swing-span
structure, and construction of a new bridge across Pembroke Creek.
The basic median width for the project will be 60 feet reduced to
46 feet at. wetland crossings.
The impacts of concern to the National Marine Fisheries Service
(NMFS) involve the planned filling of 14.92 acres of forested
riverine wetlands and 1. 28 acres of non-riverine forested wetlands
located adjacent to Pembroke Creek, a tributary of the Chowan
River. An additional 1. 58 acres of wetlands and 1.92 acres of open
water will be temporarily filled by the construction of a temporary
haul road. Mitigation for the unavoidable wetland losses is
proposed and temporary fill material will be removed when the
highway construction is completed.
a'Al2
REC
MANAGE4 �Q
APR 2 " noARCSSA
I.
I
a k

Forested wetlands associated with the Chowan River and it's
tributaries provide water quality maintenance functions that are
important for the continued production of fishery resources they
support. During periods of seasonal flooding these wetlands remove
excess nutrients, sediments, and pollutants from floodwaters. '
The Chowan River and it's tributaries provide habitat for a variety
of anadromous species including American shad (Alosa sapidissima) ,
hickory shad (Alosa mediocris) , alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) ,
blueback herring (Alosa aestivalis) , white perch (Morone
Americanus) , and striped bass (Morone saxatilis) . Project area
wetlands also assist in the maintenance of water quality in
downstream estuarine areas of the Albemarle Sound.2
The NMFS participated in several interagency meetings concerning
this project, conducted an on-site inspection, and reviewed the
mitigation plan. We are satisfied that using the existing highway
alignment for the proposed improvements is the least damaging
alternative, however, we believe that further avoidance of wetlands
may be possible in the area adjacent to the crossing of Pembroke
Creek. Shifting the new roadway to the north side of the existing
roadway from station 7+350 to station 8+350 would avoid
approximately three acres of high quality wetlands on the south
side. We understand that widening to the north side may require
the purchase of additional right-of-way, however, avoidance of the
high quality wetlands in the roadway alignment should offset these
additional costs.
We are also concerned that the proposed restoration of the
temporary fill areas does not include a plan to monitor their
revegetation. Wetland areas filled for a temporary haul road may
or may not undergo natural revegetation when the fill is removed.
Therefore, the mitigation plan for this project should include a
commitment to monitor the vegetative recovery of these sites and
take corrective actions should natural revegetation not occur as
predicted.
In view of the concerns outlined above, we recommend that federal
authorization of this project not be granted until the question of
further wetland impact avoidance in the Pembroke Creek area is
resolved and the mitigation plan is' revised to include monitoring
of the restoration of temporarily filled wetlands.
'Wharton, C.H. , W.M. Kitchens, E.C. Pendleton, and T.W. Sipe.
1982 . The ecology of bottomland hardwood swamps of the Southeast:
a community profile. U.S. Fish and Wildl. Serv. , Biol. Ser. Prog. ,
Washington, D.C. FWS/OBS-81/37.
2Epperly, S.P. and S.W. Ross. 1986. Characterization of the
North Carolina Pamlico-Albemarle Estuarine Complex. NOAA Technical
Memorandum NMFS-SEFC-175.

We appreciate the opportunity to provide these comments.
Sincer- y,
ArAnd'eas Mage , Jr.
A' Assistant R gional Director
Habitat Conservation Division
cc: FWS, ATLA, GA
FWS, Raleigh, NC
EPA, ATLA, GA
NCDEHNR, Raleigh, NC
NCDEHNR, Morehead City, NC
SAFMC, Charleston, SC
F/SE02

41.1T P..--,26,, ,,,,,r„,��
VI ' DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY // Fes;
2 WILMINGTON DISTRICT,CORPS OF ENGINEERS / o% �o
A ��iiiie M P.O.BOX 1890 ' °K e>
WILMINGTON,NORTH CAROLINA28402-1890 ��a.o�.rattp"�
`Gy A c r e c '
r1OSTnresovFO'fp REPLY TO March 28, 1996 'n,,,\����t�c�°
ATTENTION OF
Regulatory Branch
Action ID No. 199400991
Mr. John Dorney
North Carolina Division
of Environmental Management
Water Quality Section
Wetlands and Aquatic Plants
4401 Reedy Creek Road
Raleigh, North Carolina 27607
Dear Mr. Dorney:
Enclosed is the application of the North Carolina Department of
Transportation (NCDOT) for Department of the Army (DA) authorization and
a State Water Quality Certification to fill 16.20 acres of 404 wetlands
and fill 0.22 acre of open waters of the United States adjacent to the Chowan
River, Pembroke Creek, and their unnamed tributaries. NCDOT proposes to widen
9.3 miles of U.S. 17, including replacing the bridges over the Chowan River
and Pembroke Creek, from 0.5 miles west of the Chowan River to west of U.S. 17
Business, East of Edenton, Chowan and Bertie Counties, North Carolina. Your
receipt of this letter verifies your acceptance of a valid request for
certification in accordance with Section 325.2 (b) (ii) of our administrative
regulations.
We are considering authorizing the proposed activity pursuant to
Section 404 of the Clean Water Act, and we have determined that a water
quality certification is required under the provisions of Section 401 of the
same law. A Department of the Army permit will not be granted until the
certification has been obtained or waived.
In accordance with our administrative regulations, in most cases, 60 days
after receipt of a request for certification is a reasonable time for State
action. Therefore, if you have not acted on the request, or asked for an
extension of time, by May 31, 1996, the District Engineer will deem that
waiver has occurred.
Thank you for your time and cooperation. Questions or comments may
be addressed to me at the Washington Regulatory Field Office, telephone
(919) 975-1616, extension 26 .
Sincerely,
Michael F. Bell
Regulatory Project Manager405k 1
2 14014
Enclosure
1
1010 .QPR
9661 I
GEMEN1
MAMA

-2-
Copies Furnished (without enclosure) :
Mr. John Parker
) vision of Coastal Management
//foorth Carolina Department of Environment,
Health and Natural Resources
Post Office Box 27687
Raleigh, North Carolina 27611-7687

4
DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY
Wilmington District, Corps of Engineers
Post Office Box 1890
Wilmington, North Carolina 28402-1890
Action ID No. 199400991 March 28, 1996
PUBLIC NOTICE
NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION (NCDOT) , DIVISION OF
HIGHWAYS, Post Office Box 25201, Raleigh, North Carolina 27611-5201 has
applied for a Department of the Army (DA) permit TO FILL 16.20 ACRES OF
SECTION 404 WETLANDS AND FILL 0.22 ACRE OF OPEN WATERS OF THE UNITED STATES
ADJACENT TO THE CHOWAN RIVER, PEMBROKE CREEK, AND THEIR UNNAMED TRIBUTARIES.
THE NCDOT PROPOSES TO WIDEN 9.3 MILES OF U.S. 17, INCLUDING REPLACING THE
BRIDGES OVER THE CHOWAN RIVER AND PEMBROKE CREEK, FROM 0.5 MILES WEST OF THE
CHOWAN RIVER TO WEST OF US 17 BUSINESS, EAST OF EDENTON, CHOWAN AND BERTIE
COUNTIES, NORTH CAROLINA, TIP NOS. R-2512A AND R-2512B, STATE PROJECT NO.
8 .T010602 .
The following description of the work is taken from data provided
by the applicant and from observations made during an onsite visit by a
representative of the Corps of Engineers. Plans submitted with the
application show that the NCDOT proposes to widen an existing two-lane section
of US 17 to a four-lane, median-divided roadway from approximately 0.5 miles
west of the Chowan River to US 17 Business, east of Edenton. The 9.3 miles of
improvements include the construction of a new fixed-span, high-rise bridge
across the Chowan River, replacing the existing two-lane, swing-bridge
structure. A new bridge will also be constructed over Pembroke Creek. The
median width will be 46 feet at wetland crossings.
The wetlands impacted by this project will occur at 12 sites and open
water impacts will occur at three of these locations, including an unnamed
tributary to the Chowan River, the Chowan River, and Pembroke Creek.
Temporary impacts to wetlands will result from construction of a temporary
haul road (1.58 acres of wetlands and 1.92 acres of open waters) .
Approximately 14.92 acres of forested riverine wetlands will be filled by the
project and 1.28 acres of non-riverine wetlands. Wetlands adjacent to the
Chowan River and Pembroke Creek are of very high quality and total 11.08 of
the 14.92 acres of forested riverine acres to be destroyed.
NCDOT proposes to mitigate the wetland impacts by debiting wetland
acres from the Dismal Swamp Mitigation Site (DSMS) , currently under
construction in Gates and Perquimans Counties, and the Company Swamp
Mitigation Bank (CSMB) in Bertie County. NCDOT proposes to mitigate the
wetland losses adjacent to the Chowan River and Pembroke Creek by debiting
83.10 acres from the CSMB (7.5:1 ratio) . NCDOT proposes to mitigate the
remaining wetland losses from the DSMS at a 2 :1 ratio for a total of 8.06
acres.
The purpose of the work is to facilitate the completion of the NCDOT
Interstate Corridor Program between Norfolk, Virginia, and Raleigh, N. .-
Carolina.
401 n
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Oki

A site map is included with this public notice. Application and plans of the
proposed project may be examined at the following offices:
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
Washington Regulatory Field Office
Post Office Box 1000
Washington, North Carolina 27889-1000
(919) 975-1616
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
Wilmington Regulatory Office
Post Office Box 1890
Wilmington, North Carolina 28402-1890
(910) 251-4511
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
Raleigh Regulatory Field Office
6512 Falls of the Neuse Road, Suite 105
Raleigh, North Carolina 27615
(919) 876-8441
North Carolina Department of Environment,
Health and Natural Resource
Division of Environmental Management
Water Quality Section
Mr. John Dorney
By Phone only: (919) 733-1786
The applicant has determined that the proposed work is consistent with
the North Carolina Coastal Zone Management Plan and has submitted this
determination to the North Carolina Division of Coastal Management (NCDCM) for
their review and concurrence. This proposal shall be reviewed for the
applicability of other actions by North Carolina agencies such as:
a. The issuance of a Water Quality Certification under Section 401 of
the Clean Water Act by the North Carolina Division of Environmental Management
(NCDEM) .
b. The issuance of a permit to dredge and/or fill under North Carolina
General Statute 113-229 by the North Carolina Division of Coastal Management
(NCDCM) .
c. The issuance of a permit under the North Carolina Coastal Area
Management Act (CAMA) by the North Carolina Division of Coastal Management
(NCDCM) or their delegates.
d. The issuance of an easement to fill or otherwise occupy State-owned
submerged land under North Carolina General Statute 143-341 (4) , 146-6, 146-11,
and 146-12 by the North Carolina Department of Administration (NCDA) and the
North Carolina Council of State.
e. The approval of an Erosion and Sedimentation Control Plan by
the Land Quality Section, North Carolina Division of Land Resources
(NCDLR) , pursuant to the State Sedimentation Pollution Control Act of 1973
(NC G.S. 113 A-50-66) .
The requested Department of the Army (DA) permit will be denied if any
required State or local authorization and/or certification is denied. No DA
permit will be issued until a State coordinated viewpoint is received and
reviewed by this agency. Recipients of this notice are encouraged to furnish
comments on factors of concern represented by the above agencies directly to
2

the respective agency, with a copy furnished to the Corps of Engineers.
This application is being considered pursuant to Section 404 of the
Clean Water Act (33 U.S.C. 1344) . Any person may request, in writing within
the comment period specified in the notice, that a public hearing be held
to consider this application. Requests for public hearing shall state, with
particularity, the reasons for holding a public hearing.
The District Engineer has consulted the latest published version of the
National Register of Historic Places for the presence or absence of registered
properties, or properties listed as being eligible for inclusion therein, and
this worksite is not a registered property or property listed as being
eligible for inclusion in the Register. Consultation of the National Register
constitutes the extent of cultural resource investigations by the District
Engineer, and he is otherwise unaware of the presence of such resources.
Presently, unknown archeological, scientific, prehistorical, or historical
data may be lost or destroyed by work under the requested permit.
The District Engineer, based on available information, is not aware
that the proposed activity will affect species, or their critical habitat,
designated as endangered or threatened pursuant to the Endangered Species
Act of 1973 .
The decision whether to issue a permit will be based on an evaluation
of the probable impacts, including cumulative impacts, of the proposed
activity and its intended use on the public interest. Evaluation of the
probable impacts which the proposed activity may have on the public interest
requires a careful weighing of all those factors which become relevant
in each particular case. The benefits which reasonably may be expected
to accrue from the proposal must be balanced against its reasonably
foreseeable detriments. The decision whether to authorize a proposal, and
if so the conditions under which it will be allowed to occur, are therefore
determined by the outcome of the general balancing process. That decision
should reflect the national concern for both protection and utilization of
important resources. All factors which may be relevant to the proposal must
be considered including the cumulative effects thereof. Among those are
conservation, economics, aesthetics, general environmental concerns, wetlands,
cultural values, fish ,nd wildlife values, flood hazards and flood plain
values (in accordance with Executive Order 11988) , land use, navigation, shore
erosion and accretion, recreation, water supply and conservation, water
quality, energy needs, safety, food and fiber production, mineral needs,
considerations of property ownership, and, in general, the needs and welfare
of the people. For activities involving the placement of dredged or fill
materials in waters of the United States, a permit will be denied if the
discharge that would be authorized by such permit would not comply with the
Environmental Protection Agencies' 404 (b) (1) guidelines. Subject to the
preceding sentence and any other applicable guidelines or criteria, a permit
will be granted unless the District Engineer determines that it would be
contrary to the public interest.
The Corps of Engineers is soliciting comments from the public; Federal,
State and local agencies and officials; Indian Tribes and other interested
parties in order to consider and evaluate the impacts of this proposed
activity. Any comments received will be considered by the Corps of Engineers
to determine whether to issue, modify, condition or deny a permit for this
proposal. To make this decision, comments are used to assess impacts on
endangered species, historic properties, water quality, general environmental
effects and the other public interest factors listed above. Comments are used
in the preparation of an Environmental Assessment (EA) and/or an Environmental
Impact Statement (EIS) pursuant to the National Environmental Policy Act
(NEPA) . Comments are also used to determine the need for a public hearing and
to determine the overall public interest of the proposed activity.
3

Generally, the decision whether to issue this Department of the Army (DA)
permit will not be made until the North Carolina Division of Environmental
Management (NCDEM) issues, denies, or waives State certification required by
Section 401 of the Clean Water Act. The NCDEM considers whether or not the
proposed activity will comply with Sections 301, 302, 306, and 307 of the
Clean Water Act. The application and this public notice for the Department
of the Army (DA) permit serves as application to the NCDEM for certification.
Additional information regarding the Clean Water Act certification may
be reviewed at the offices of the Environmental Operations Section, North
Carolina Division of Environmental Management (NCDEM) , Salisbury Street,
Archdale Building, Raleigh, North Carolina. Copies of such materials will be
firnished to any person requesting copies upon paynent of reproduction costs.
All persons desiring to make comments regarding the application for
Clean Water Act certification should do so in writing delivered to the North
Carolina Division of Environmental Management (NCDEM) , Post Office Box 27687,
Raleigh, North Carolina 27611-7687, on or before April 19, 1996, Attention:
Mr. John Dorney.
Written comments pertinent to the proposed work, as outlined above, will
be received in this office, Attention: Michael F. Bell, Washington Regulatory
Field Office, Post Office Box 1000, Washington, North Carolina 27889-1000,
until 4:15 p.m. , April 26, 1996, or telephone [phone], extension 26.
4

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