10153-AH-Risk_Assessment-083019

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Carteret County Navigation Project
Atlantic Harbor Maintenance Dredging & Living Shoreline
Summary of Sediment Quality
Carteret County is requesting authorization to conduct maintenance dredging within the navigation channel
and inner harbor of the Atlantic Harbor of Refuge. A previous emergency maintenance project conducted
in summer 2018 provided partial relief to the navigation burden experienced along the entrance to Atlantic
Harbor of Refuge.
Sediment Testing - Approach
To support development of a dredging plan and associated permitting, sediment cores from Atlantic Harbor
were collected and tested in March 2018. Five sites were sampled for chemical analysis beginning inside
the harbor entrance and extending southwest along the existing channel as shown in Figure 1: AH-2, AH-
4, AH-5, AH-6, and AH-7. Chemical analysis on the core composites was conducted in accordance with
the USACE guidance, Sediment Testing Guidelines for Dredged Material Proposed for Disposal In Federal
Project Disposal Areas by Applicants. A variety of analytes were tested and can be grouped into the
following categories:
•Volatile Organic Compounds
•Semivolatile Organic Compounds
•Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons
•Extractable Petroleum Hydrocarbons
•Volatile Petroleum Hydrocarbons
•Metals
•Pesticides
The data collected from Atlantic Harbor were screened by comparing values to relevant benchmarks.
Benchmarks included those developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), North
Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ), and National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA) and were taken from the following sources:
•USEPA (2018), Region 4 Ecological Risk Assessment Supplemental Guidance, Sediment
Screening Values for Hazardous Waste Sites, Marine/Estuarine Sediment, Ecological Screening
Value (ESV)
•NCDEQ (2018), Preliminary Soil Remediation Goals (PSRG), Protection of Groundwater
Screening Value
•NOAA (Buchman, 2008), Screening Quick Reference Tables (SQuiRTs), Marine Sediment,
Threshold Effects Levels and Effects Range-Low
USEPA (2018) provides sediment screening values to provide regional direction for implementation of the
Ecological Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund. This guidance is appropriate for Superfund sites
under the authority of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act
(CERCLA) and regulated by the Office of Land and Emergency Management (OLEM). The supplemental
guidance clarifies national guidance at both Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) and
Superfund sites.
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2016 AERIAL PROVIDED BY NC ONEMAP
CARTERET COUNTY
SHALLOW DRAFT NAVIGATION WATERWAYS
ATLANTIC HARBOR MAINTENANCE DREDGING
VIBRRACORE LOCATION MAP
LEGEND
CHANNEL CENTERLINE
CHANNEL BASE (TOES)
SIDE SLOPE DREDGING LIMIT
DREDGE AREA (CHANNEL BASE)
DREDGE AREA (SIDE SLOPE)
VIBRACORE SAMPLE LOCATION
ATLANTIC HARBOR
(CARTERET COUNTY)
VICINITY MAP
ATLANTIC
HARBOR
FEBRUARY 28, 2019
WHITE POINT
MATERIAL
PLACEMENT SITE
CORE
SOUND
ATLANTIC
HARBOR
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NCDEQ (2018a) has developed Preliminary Soil Remediation Goals. These initial screening goals are used
to help determine if site contaminant concentrations meet unrestricted use standards. A subset is used for
the protection of groundwater PSRGs. These were developed using a USEPA soil leaching model with
conservative assumptions and default values appropriate for North Carolina.
Finally, NOAA has developed screening concentrations for inorganic and organic contaminants across
multiple media (Buchman, 2008). They are intended for preliminary screening purposes and do not
represent clean-up levels. Benchmarks in terms of Effects Range-Low (ERLs) and Threshold Effects Levels
(TELs) are provided. The ERLs are based upon a database primarily of synoptic marine sediment chemistry
and sediment toxicity bioassay data. TELs are similar to ERLs with the following differences: database for
TELs is much larger and the calculations make use of the non-toxic samples.
In addition to the screening analysis, data from three sites were incorporated into a chemical risk calculator
developed by the NC Division of Waste Management (NCDWM) and consistent with USEPA risk
assessment guidance. The Risk Calculator (NCDEQ, 2018b) estimates the risks associated with current, or
potential future human exposure to contaminated soil, groundwater, surface water, and vapor and to
estimate contaminant migration through soil and groundwater. It was designed to evaluate multiple
exposure routes associated with all contaminated environmental media at a site.
Sediment Testing - Results
A summary of sediment testing for Atlantic Harbor is shown in Table 1 and Table 2. The full report
providing the results is provided in Tab J - Chemical Analysis.
Screening Comparison
Values greater that the associated screening level are highlighted in the summary tables (Table 1 and Table
2). When compared to screening levels elevated concentrations of certain metals, semi-volatile organic
compounds, and pesticides occurred within the harbor (site AH-5) and near the entrance (site AH-4). Some
of the measurements exceeded screening goals for protection of groundwater.
By contrast, additional testing outside of the harbor (e.g., AH-2) showed decreased levels of the same
contaminants. Semi volatile organic data for stations AH-2, AH-6 and AH-7 were primarily non-detect or
below the reporting limit and there were no exceedances of the screening levels. For metals, the only
elevated concentrations at these sites were for total chromium (AH-2 and AH-6) and manganese (AH-2).
Sources of the contaminates found in the Atlantic Harbor sediments are most likely derived from historical
use of the harbor. Pollutants generated from harbor activities, especially legacy practices that were not as
protective of the environment, typically include metals and petroleum hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons can
enter the water column and sediments via discharges from boats and other sources (e.g., refueling, bilge or
fuel discharge), spills, and stormwater runoff. In addition, metals used in a variety of boat operation and
maintenance activities as well as construction of marinas and boats can also be introduced into the
environment. Petroleum hydrocarbons, particularly polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and many
metals, absorb to sediments and can persist in the environment for long periods of time.
P a g e | 1G1 G2 G3 C1 G1 G2 G3 C1 G1G1-DUPG2 G3 C1C1-DUPG1 G2 G3 C1 G1 G2 G3 C10.5 3.1 5.7 0 - 6.2 0.5 2.7 4.8 0 - 5.3 0.5 0.5 1.6 2.7 0 - 3.2 0 - 3.2 0.5 3.7 6.8 0 - 7.3 0.5 2.8 5.1 0 - 5.6GGGCGGGCGG / DUPGGCC / DUPGGGCGGGCAnalyte CAS No.EPA [1]PSRGNOAA TEL [3]NOAA ERL [4]UnitsAcetone 67-64-1 -- 25,000 -- --μg/kg ND ND ND NA ND13ND NA27ND16ND NA NA ND ND ND NA ND ND ND NACarbon disulfide 75-15-0 131 4,100 -- --μg/kg ND ND ND NA ND ND ND NA11ND ND ND NA NA ND ND ND NA ND ND ND NAMethylene Chloride 75-09-2 667 25 -- --μg/kg ND ND ND NA7.5 7.1 5.6NA13 10 8.3 15NA NA ND ND ND NA ND ND ND NAToluene 108-88-3 568 8,300 -- --μg/kg ND ND3.6NA ND ND ND NA ND ND ND ND NA NA ND ND ND NA ND ND ND NAAcenaphthene 83-32-9 6.7 16,000 6.71 16μg/kg NA NA NA ND NA NA NA14 JNA NA NA NA ND ND NA NA NA ND NA NA NA NDAcenaphthylene 208-96-8 5.9 41,000 5.87 44μg/kg NA NA NA ND NA NA NA32 JNA NA NA NA52 J 45 JNA NA NA ND NA NA NA NDAnthracene 120-12-7 47 1,300,000 46.9 85.3μg/kg NA NA NA26NA NA NA50NA NA NA NA53 J 40 JNA NA NA ND NA NA NA NDBenzo[a]anthracene 56-55-3 75 350 74.8 261μg/kg NA NA NA16 JNA NA NA150NA NA NA NA130 100NA NA NA1.7NA NA NA NDBenzo[a]pyrene 50-32-8 89 120 88.8 430μg/kg NA NA NA16 JNA NA NA130NA NA NA NA150 110NA NA NA ND NA NA NA NDBenzo[b]fluoranthene 205-99-2 -- 1,200 -- --μg/kg NA NA NA32NA NA NA200NA NA NA NA290 220NA NA NA2.5NA NA NA NDBenzo[g,h,i]perylene 191-24-2 31015,600,000-- --μg/kg NA NA NA12 JNA NA NA79NA NA NA NA90 67NA NA NA ND NA NA NA NDBenzo[k]fluoranthene 207-08-9 -- 12,000 -- --μg/kg NA NA NA13 JNA NA NA68NA NA NA NA120 98NA NA NA ND NA NA NA NDChrysene 218-01-9 108 36,000 108 384μg/kg NA NA NA28NA NA NA150NA NA NA NA120 110NA NA NA1.8NA NA NA NDDibenz(a,h)anthracene 53-70-3 6.2 380 6.22 63.4μg/kg NA NA NA ND NA NA NA25 JNA NA NA NA23 J 16 JNA NA NA ND NA NA NA NDFluoranthene 206-44-0 113 670,000 113 600μg/kg NA NA NA31NA NA NA400NA NA NA NA160 130NA NA NA ND NA NA NA NDFluorene 86-73-7 21 110,000 21.2 19μg/kg NA NA NA ND NA NA NA15 JNA NA NA NA ND ND NA NA NA ND NA NA NA NDIndeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene 193-39-5 340 3,900 -- --μg/kg NA NA NA8.9 JNA NA NA74NA NA NA NA85 61NA NA NA ND NA NA NA NDPhenanthrene 85-01-8 87 134,000 86.7 240μg/kg NA NA NA8.4 JNA NA NA60NA NA NA NA ND ND NA NA NA ND NA NA NA NDPyrene 129-00-0 153 440,000 153 665μg/kg NA NA NA25NA NA NA310NA NA NA NA260 220NA NA NA1.9NA NA NA NDTPH - Residual 68476-53-9 -- -- -- mg/kg NA NA NA ND NA NA NA310 JNA NA NA NA500 J 610 JNA NA NA ND NA NA NA NDC11-C22 Aromatics -- -- -- -- mg/kg NA NA NA ND NA NA NA12NA NA NA NA28 16NA NA NA ND NA NA NA NDC19-C36 Aliphatics -- -- -- -- mg/kg NA NA NA ND NA NA NA12NA NA NA NA ND ND NA NA NA ND NA NA NA NDC9-C18 Aliphatics -- -- -- -- mg/kg NA NA NA ND NA NA NA ND NA NA NA NA15ND NA NA NA ND NA NA NA NDNotesft bss = feet below sediment surfaceG = Grab sampleC = Composite sampleDUP = Field duplicate sampleCAS No. = Chemical Abstracts Service NumberEPA [1]= U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), Region 4 Ecological Risk Assessment Supplemental Guidance, Sediment Screening Values for Hazardous Waste Sites, Marine/Estuarine Sediment, Ecological Screening Value (ESV) (USEPA 2018).PSRG [2]= North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ), Preliminary Soil Remediation Goals (PSRG), Protection of Groundwater Screening Value (NCDEQ 2018).NOAA TEL [3]= National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Screening Quick Reference Tables (SQuiRTs), Marine Sediment, Threshold Effects Levels (Buchman, M.F., 2008).NOAA ERL [4]= National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Screening Quick Reference Tables (SQuiRTs), Marine Sediment, Effects Range-Low (Buchman, M.F., 2008).-- = Screening criteria not establishedμg/kg = micrograms per kilogramND = Analyte not detected above laboratory Method Detection Limit.NA = Not AnalyzedBold= Analyte detected above laboratory Method Detection Limit.Volatile Petroleum Hydrcarbons (VPH)Not detected above laboratory method detection limit.AH-06-0318 AH-07-0318TABLE 1SUMMARY OF ANALYTICAL DETECTIONSVOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS, SEMIVOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS, AND PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONSATLANTIC HARBORVolatile Organic CompoundsSemivolatile Organic CompoundsAH-05-0318Boring ID:Sample ID:Sample Depth / Interval (ft bss):Sample Type:AH-02-0318 AH-04-0318Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH)Extractable Petroleum Hydrocarbons (EPH) 1293 Graham Farm Road, PO Box 68McClellanville, South Carolina 29458(843) 887-3800www.athenatechnologies.com
P a g e | 2AH-02-0318 AH-04-0318AH-06-0318 AH-07-0318C1 C1 C1 C1-DUP C1 C10 - 6.2 0 - 5.3 0 - 3.2 0 - 3.2 0 - 7.3 0 - 5.6C C C C / DUP C CAnalyte CAS No.EPA [1]PSRGNOAATEL [3]NOAAERL [4]UnitsAntimony 7440-36-0 2 0.9 -- -- mg/kg ND0.075 JND0.13 JND NDArsenic 7440-38-2 7.24 5.8 7.24 8.2 mg/kg4.5 7.8 10 8.3 1.4 0.75Beryllium 7440-41-7 -- 63 -- -- mg/kg0.37 0.58 0.69 0.62 0.0920.054 JCadmium 7440-43-9 0.68 3 0.68 1.2 mg/kg0.045 J0.13 0.33 0.29ND0.011 JChromium, Total 7440-47-3 52.3 3.8 52.3 81 mg/kg19 30 38 32 4.8 3.1Copper 7440-50-8 18.7 700 18.7 34 mg/kg6.9 34 120 99 1.8 0.73Lead 7439-92-1 30.2 270 30.24 46.7 mg/kg12 23 34 27 1.8 1.5Manganese 7439-96-5 -- 65 -- -- mg/kg110 150 160 140 14 9.5Nickel 7440-02-0 15.9 130 15.9 20.9 mg/kg8 12 15 12 2.3 1.2Selenium 7782-49-2 -- 2.1 -- -- mg/kg0.44 J0.74 1.11 J 0.13 J 0.037 JSilver 7440-22-4 0.73 3.4 0.73 1 mg/kg0.024 J 0.055 J 0.069 J 0.051 JND NDThallium 7440-28-0 -- 0.28 -- -- mg/kg0.11 0.2 0.3 0.250.019 J 0.023 JZinc 7440-66-6 124 1,200 124 150 mg/kg31 80 170 150 6.3 2.9Mercury 7439-97-6 0.13 1 0.13 0.15 mg/kg0.03 0.059 0.11 0.099ND NDChromium, Trivalent 16065-83-1 -- 360,000 -- -- mg/kg19 30 38 32 4.7 2.9Chromium, Hexavalent 18540-29-9 -- 3.8 -- -- mg/kg ND ND ND ND0.19 J 0.19 J4,4'-DDD 72-54-8 1.2 470 1.22 2μg/kg0.11 J1.7 1.8 1.8ND F1 ND4,4'-DDE 72-55-9 2.1 470 2.07 2.2μg/kg0.23 J1.5 4.8 4.30.016 J F1ND4,4'-DDT 50-29-3 0.7 670 1.19 1μg/kg ND6.6ND ND ND NDEndrin aldehyde 7421-93-4 -- -- -- --μg/kg ND ND ND ND0.018 J F1NDoxy-Chlordane 27304-13-8 -- -- -- --μg/kg ND ND ND ND0.011 J p 0.012 J ptrans-Chlordane 5103-74-2 -- -- -- --μg/kg ND0.36 J 0.58 J 0.58 JND F1 NDNotesft bss = feet below sediment surfaceC = Composite sampleDUP = Field duplicate sampleCAS No. = Chemical Abstracts Service NumberEPA [1]= U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), Region 4 Ecological Risk Assessment Supplemental Guidance, Sediment Screening Values for Hazardous Waste Sites, Marine/Estuarine Sediment, Ecological Screening Value (ESV) (USEPA 2018).PSRG [2]= North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ), Preliminary Soil Remediation Goals (PSRG), Protection of Groundwater Screening Value (NCDEQ 2018).NOAA TEL [3]= National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Screening Quick Reference Tables (SQuiRTs), Marine Sediment, Threshold Effects Levels (Buchman, M.F., 2008).NOAA ERL [4]= National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Screening Quick Reference Tables (SQuiRTs), Marine Sediment, Effects Range-Low (Buchman, M.F., 2008).-- = Screening criteria not establishedmg/kg = milligrams per kilogramND = Analyte not detected above laboratory Method Detection Limit.Bold= Analyte detected above laboratory Method Detection Limit.J= Result is less that the Reporting Limit but greater than or equal to the Method Detection Limit and the concentration is an approximate value.μg/kg = micrograms per kilogramF1= Matrix spike and/or matrix spike duplicate recovery is outside acceptance limits.p= The Relative Percent Difference between the primary and confirmation column/detector is greater than 40%. The lower value has been reported. PesticidesMetalsTABLE 2SUMMARY OF ANALYTICAL DETECTIONSMETALS AND PESTICIDESATLANTIC HARBORSample Type:Boring ID:Sample ID:Sample Depth / Interval (ft bss):AH-05-0318 1293 Graham Farm Road, PO Box 68McClellanville, South Carolina 29458(843) 887-3800www.athenatechnologies.com
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Risk Assessment
In addition to the screening comparisons described previously, an analysis of the cumulative effects of
multiple contaminants was conducted using a risk calculator developed by NCDEQ. Designed to evaluate
multiple exposure routes associated with contaminated environmental media, the calculator estimates the
risks associated with current, or potential future human exposure to contaminated soil, groundwater, surface
water, and vapor and to estimate contaminant migration through soil and groundwater.
The risk calculator was populated with sediment core data from three sites representing the areas to be
dredged: AH-2, AH-4 and AH-5. NCDWM was consulted to confirm certain features of the calculator and
to discuss assumptions for the application to Atlantic Harbor (S. Robbins, personal communication, May
29, 2018).
Based on consultation with NCDWM, the analysis focused on the User Defined receptors for Soil
Combined Pathways. The Soil Combined Pathways analysis is appropriate for evaluating sediment
exposure. Default exposure values are provided for both a recreator and a trespasser in the User
Defined receptor. These are the exposure profiles associated with placing the dredge spoil on White Point
(see discussion of sediment disposal). Sediment concentrations in mg/kg from the Atlantic Harbor core
sampling were entered into the spreadsheet under the Surface Soil Exposure sheet.
Additional assumptions used for the application to Atlantic Harbor include the following:
1.For both sites, composite values were used except for VOCs. For VOCs, there were no values under
C1 (all were NA). Therefore, max values from G1-G3, representing layers of sediment by depth,
were used in the spreadsheet. At AH-5, a duplicate composite was sampled. In this case the max
value of the two was used.
2.Where values were flagged with J, the numerical value provided was used. The J flag indicates that
the result is less that the Reporting Limit but greater than or equal to the Method Detection Limit
and the concentration is an approximate value.
Results from the calculator for the selected sites are provided in Figures 2 through 7. Application of the
tool shows potential risk associated with arsenic and chromium for all three sites with the addition of
thallium for AH-5. However, the cumulative risks under the User Defined receptor covering periodic use
for a recreator and a trespasser do not exceed the benchmark assumptions in the tool. Further, chemicals
like arsenic, chromium, and thallium have natural and common anthropogenic sources that are likely
influencing the results at these stations. The Resident receptor is not applicable in these cases because White
Point does not currently have residential development and a deed stipulation will be filed disallowing any
future residential development on the property.
DEQ Risk Calculator - Primary - User Defined Soil Combined PathwaysOutput Form 2FVersion Date: February 2018Basis: November 2017 EPA RSL TableSite ID: AH-2Exposure Unit ID: * - Note that inhalation on this calculator refers to outdoor inhalation of volatiles and particulates, not indoor inhalation associated with vapor intrusion.Receptor Type: User DefinedCAS # Chemical Name:Ingestion Concentration (mg/kg)Dermal Concentration (mg/kg)Inhalation Concentration (mg/kg)*Ingestion Carcinogenic RiskDermal Carcinogenic RiskInhalation Carcinogenic RiskCalculated Carcinogenic RiskIngestion Hazard QuotientDermal Hazard QuotientInhalation Hazard QuotientCalculated Non-Carcinogenic Hazard Quotient67-64-1 Acetone 0 0 0 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 0.0E+007440-36-0 Antimony (metallic) 0 0 0 0.0E+00 0.0E+007440-38-2 Arsenic, Inorganic 4.5 4.5 4.53.2E-064.6E-07 5.4E-123.7E-066.4E-02 7.6E-03 2.3E-07 7.2E-027440-41-7 Beryllium and compounds 0.37 0.37 0.372.5E-13 2.5E-13 1.3E-031.4E-08 1.3E-037440-43-9Cadmium (Diet)0.045 0.045 0.0452.3E-14 2.3E-14 3.2E-04 3.0E-05 3.4E-09 3.5E-047440-43-9Cadmium (Water)0.045 0.045 0.0452.3E-14 2.3E-14 6.4E-04 3.0E-05 3.4E-09 6.7E-0416065-83-1Chromium(III), Insoluble Salts1919199.0E-059.0E-057440-47-3Chromium, Total1919193.5E-051.2E-093.5E-054.5E-021.4E-07 4.5E-027440-50-8Copper6.9 6.9 6.91.2E-031.2E-0372-54-8DDD, p,p`- (DDD)0.00011 0.00011 0.00011 2.1E-11 6.0E-12 2.1E-18 2.7E-11 2.6E-05 6.2E-063.2E-0572-55-9DDE, p,p'-0.00023 0.00023 0.00023 6.3E-111.6E-13 6.3E-11 5.5E-065.5E-0650-29-3DDT000 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 0.0E+000.0E+007439-92-1~Lead and Compounds121212<SL** <SL** <SL**7439-96-5Manganese (Diet)110 110 1105.6E-031.7E-06 5.6E-037439-96-5Manganese (Non-diet)110 110 1103.3E-021.7E-06 3.3E-027439-97-6~Mercury (elemental)0.03 0.03 0.031.2E-04 1.2E-0475-09-2Methylene Chloride000 0.0E+000.0E+00 0.0E+00 0.0E+000.0E+00 0.0E+007440-02-0Nickel Soluble Salts8885.8E-13 5.8E-13 2.8E-036.7E-08 2.8E-0383-32-9~Acenaphthene0000.0E+00 0.0E+000.0E+00120-12-7~Anthracene0.026 0.026 0.0266.2E-07 1.9E-078.1E-0756-55-3~Benz[a]anthracene0.016 0.016 0.016 5.8E-09 1.9E-09 9.4E-12 7.8E-0950-32-8~Benzo[a]pyrene0.016 0.016 0.016 5.8E-08 1.9E-08 7.4E-15 7.8E-08 3.8E-04 1.2E-04 6.0E-09 5.0E-04205-99-2~Benzo[b]fluoranthene0.032 0.032 0.032 1.2E-08 3.9E-09 1.5E-15 1.6E-08207-08-9~Benzo[k]fluoranthene0.013 0.013 0.013 4.7E-10 1.6E-10 6.0E-17 6.3E-10218-01-9~Chrysene0.028 0.028 0.028 1.0E-10 3.4E-11 1.3E-17 1.4E-1053-70-3~Dibenz[a,h]anthracene000 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 0.0E+00206-44-0~Fluoranthene0.031 0.031 0.0315.5E-06 1.7E-067.2E-0686-73-7~Fluorene0000.0E+00 0.0E+000.0E+00193-39-5~Indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene0.0089 0.0089 0.0089 3.2E-09 1.1E-09 4.1E-16 4.3E-09129-00-0~Pyrene0.025 0.025 0.0255.9E-06 1.8E-067.8E-067782-49-2Selenium0.44 0.44 0.446.3E-041.7E-11 6.3E-047440-22-4Silver0.024 0.024 0.0243.4E-053.4E-057440-28-0Thallium (Soluble Salts)0.11 0.11 0.117.8E-027.8E-02108-88-3Toluene0.0036 0.0036 0.00363.2E-077.0E-09 3.3E-077440-66-6Zinc and Compounds3131317.4E-047.4E-04Cumulative:3.8E-052.4E-01** - Note that the EPA has no consensus on reference dose or cancer slope factor values for lead, therefore it is not possible to calculate cancer risk or hazard quotient. Lead concentrations are compared to the EPA screening level of 400 mg/kg for residential soil.North Carolina DEQ Risk CalculatorFigure 2 - Risk Calculator Results for Site AH-2 - Chemical List
Summary of Risk Assessment Output Output Form 1A
Version Date: February 2018
Basis: November 2017 EPA RSL Table
Site ID: AH-2
Exposure Unit ID:
Receptor Pathway Carcinogenic
Risk Hazard Index Risk exceeded?
Soil Combined Pathways 6.9E-05 4.4E-01 NO
Groundwater Combined Pathways* 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 NO
Soil Combined Pathways 4.4E-06 3.0E-02 NO
Groundwater Combined Pathways* 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 NO
Construction Worker Soil Combined Pathways 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 NO
Soil Combined Pathways 3.8E-05 2.4E-01 NO
Surface Water Combined Pathways* 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 NO
Receptor Pathway Carcinogenic
Risk Hazard Index Risk exceeded?
Groundwater to Indoor Air 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 NO
Soil Gas to Indoor Air 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 NO
Indoor Air 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 NO
Groundwater to Indoor Air 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 NO
Soil Gas to Indoor Air 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 NO
Indoor Air 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 NO
Pathway Source
Source Soil NM
Source Groundwater NM
Source Soil NM
Source Groundwater NM
2. * = If concentrations in groundwater exceed the NC 2L Standards or IMAC, or concentrations in surface water exceed
the NC 2B Standards, appropriate remediation and/or institutional control measures will be necessary to be eligible for a
risk-based closure.
Protection of Surface Water Exceedence of 2B at POE?
Exceedence of 2B at POE?
VAPOR INTRUSION CALCULATORS
Resident
Non-Residential Worker
CONTAMINANT MIGRATION CALCULATORS
Target POE Concentrations Exceeded?
Protection of Groundwater Use Exceedence of 2L at POE?
Exceedence of 2L at POE?
1. If lead concentrations were entered in the exposure point concentration tables, see the individual calculator sheets for
lead concentrations in comparison to screening levels. Note that lead is not included in cumulative risk calculations.
Notes:
PRIMARY CALCULATORS
Resident
Non-Residential Worker
User Defined
North Carolina DEQ Risk Calculator
Figure 3. Risk Calculator Results for Site AH-2 - Summary
DEQ Risk Calculator - Primary - User Defined Soil Combined PathwaysOutput Form 2FVersion Date: February 2018Basis: November 2017 EPA RSL TableSite ID: AH-4 C1Exposure Unit ID: * - Note that inhalation on this calculator refers to outdoor inhalation of volatiles and particulates, not indoor inhalation associated with vapor intrusion.Receptor Type: User DefinedCAS # Chemical Name:Ingestion Concentration (mg/kg)Dermal Concentration (mg/kg)Inhalation Concentration (mg/kg)*Ingestion Carcinogenic RiskDermal Carcinogenic RiskInhalation Carcinogenic RiskCalculated Carcinogenic RiskIngestion Hazard QuotientDermal Hazard QuotientInhalation Hazard QuotientCalculated Non-Carcinogenic Hazard Quotient67-64-1 Acetone 0.013 0.013 0.013 1.0E-07 1.3E-09 1.0E-077440-36-0 Antimony (metallic) 0.075 0.075 0.075 1.3E-03 1.3E-037440-38-2 Arsenic, Inorganic 7.8 7.8 7.85.6E-067.9E-07 9.3E-126.4E-061.1E-01 1.3E-02 3.9E-07 1.2E-017440-41-7 Beryllium and compounds 0.58 0.58 0.583.9E-13 3.9E-13 2.1E-032.2E-08 2.1E-037440-43-9Cadmium (Diet)0.13 0.13 0.136.5E-14 6.5E-14 9.3E-04 8.8E-05 9.8E-09 1.0E-037440-43-9Cadmium (Water)0.13 0.13 0.136.5E-14 6.5E-14 1.9E-03 8.8E-05 9.8E-09 1.9E-0316065-83-1Chromium(III), Insoluble Salts3030301.4E-041.4E-047440-47-3Chromium, Total3030305.5E-051.9E-095.5E-057.1E-022.3E-07 7.1E-027440-50-8Copper3434346.1E-036.1E-0372-54-8DDD, p,p`- (DDD)0.0017 0.0017 0.0017 3.3E-10 9.2E-11 3.3E-17 4.2E-10 4.0E-04 9.6E-055.0E-0472-55-9DDE, p,p'-0.0015 0.0015 0.0015 4.1E-101.1E-12 4.1E-10 3.6E-053.6E-0550-29-3DDT0.0066 0.0066 0.0066 1.8E-09 1.5E-10 1.8E-16 2.0E-09 9.4E-05 6.7E-061.0E-047439-92-1~Lead and Compounds232323<SL** <SL** <SL**7439-96-5Manganese (Diet)150 150 1507.6E-032.3E-06 7.6E-037439-96-5Manganese (Non-diet)150 150 1504.5E-022.3E-06 4.5E-027439-97-6~Mercury (elemental)0.059 0.059 0.0592.4E-04 2.4E-0475-09-2Methylene Chloride0.0075 0.0075 0.0075 5.5E-111.1E-12 5.6E-11 8.9E-061.8E-07 9.1E-067440-02-0Nickel Soluble Salts1212128.7E-13 8.7E-13 4.3E-031.0E-07 4.3E-0383-32-9~Acenaphthene0.014 0.014 0.0141.7E-06 5.1E-072.2E-06120-12-7~Anthracene0.05 0.05 0.051.2E-06 3.7E-071.6E-0656-55-3~Benz[a]anthracene0.15 0.15 0.15 5.5E-08 1.8E-08 8.8E-11 7.3E-0850-32-8~Benzo[a]pyrene0.13 0.13 0.13 4.7E-07 1.6E-07 6.0E-14 6.3E-07 3.1E-03 9.5E-04 4.9E-08 4.0E-03205-99-2~Benzo[b]fluoranthene0.2 0.2 0.2 7.3E-08 2.4E-08 9.3E-15 9.7E-08207-08-9~Benzo[k]fluoranthene0.068 0.068 0.068 2.5E-09 8.3E-10 3.1E-16 3.3E-09218-01-9~Chrysene0.15 0.15 0.15 5.5E-10 1.8E-10 6.9E-17 7.3E-1053-70-3~Dibenz[a,h]anthracene0.0250.025 0.025 9.1E-08 3.0E-08 1.2E-14 1.2E-07206-44-0~Fluoranthene0.4 0.4 0.47.1E-05 2.2E-059.3E-0586-73-7~Fluorene0.015 0.015 0.0152.7E-06 8.2E-073.5E-06193-39-5~Indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene0.06 0.06 0.06 2.2E-08 7.3E-09 2.8E-15 2.9E-08129-00-0~Pyrene0.31 0.31 0.317.4E-05 2.3E-059.6E-057782-49-2Selenium0.74 0.74 0.741.1E-032.8E-11 1.1E-037440-22-4Silver0.055 0.055 0.0557.8E-057.8E-057440-28-0Thallium (Soluble Salts)0.2 0.2 0.21.4E-011.4E-01E1790670Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (Aliphatic High) 1212122.8E-052.8E-05E1790674Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (Aromatic Medium)1212122.1E-023.2E-03 2.5E-027440-66-6Zinc and Compounds8080801.9E-031.9E-03Cumulative:6.2E-054.4E-01** - Note that the EPA has no consensus on reference dose or cancer slope factor values for lead, therefore it is not possible to calculate cancer risk or hazard quotient. Lead concentrations are compared to the EPA screening level of 400 mg/kg for residential soil.North Carolina DEQ Risk CalculatorFigure 4. Risk Calculator Results for Site AH-4 - Chemical List
Summary of Risk Assessment Output Output Form 1A
Version Date: February 2018
Basis: November 2017 EPA RSL Table
Site ID: AH-4 C1
Exposure Unit ID:
Receptor Pathway Carcinogenic
Risk Hazard Index Risk exceeded?
Soil Combined Pathways 1.1E-04 8.6E-01 YES
Groundwater Combined Pathways* 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 NO
Soil Combined Pathways 7.3E-06 7.1E-02 NO
Groundwater Combined Pathways* 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 NO
Construction Worker Soil Combined Pathways 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 NO
Soil Combined Pathways 6.2E-05 4.4E-01 NO
Surface Water Combined Pathways* 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 NO
Receptor Pathway Carcinogenic
Risk Hazard Index Risk exceeded?
Groundwater to Indoor Air 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 NO
Soil Gas to Indoor Air 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 NO
Indoor Air 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 NO
Groundwater to Indoor Air 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 NO
Soil Gas to Indoor Air 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 NO
Indoor Air 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 NO
Pathway Source
Source Soil NM
Source Groundwater NM
Source Soil NM
Source Groundwater NM
2. * = If concentrations in groundwater exceed the NC 2L Standards or IMAC, or concentrations in surface water exceed
the NC 2B Standards, appropriate remediation and/or institutional control measures will be necessary to be eligible for a
risk-based closure.
Protection of Surface Water Exceedence of 2B at POE?
Exceedence of 2B at POE?
VAPOR INTRUSION CALCULATORS
Resident
Non-Residential Worker
CONTAMINANT MIGRATION CALCULATORS
Target POE Concentrations Exceeded?
Protection of Groundwater Use Exceedence of 2L at POE?
Exceedence of 2L at POE?
1. If lead concentrations were entered in the exposure point concentration tables, see the individual calculator sheets for
lead concentrations in comparison to screening levels. Note that lead is not included in cumulative risk calculations.
Notes:
PRIMARY CALCULATORS
Resident
Non-Residential Worker
User Defined
North Carolina DEQ Risk Calculator
Figure 5. Risk Calculator Results for Site AH-4 - Summary
DEQ Risk Calculator - Primary - User Defined Soil Combined PathwaysOutput Form 2FVersion Date: February 2018Basis: November 2017 EPA RSL TableSite ID: AH-5Exposure Unit ID: * - Note that inhalation on this calculator refers to outdoor inhalation of volatiles and particulates, not indoor inhalation associated with vapor intrusion.Receptor Type: User DefinedCAS # Chemical Name:Ingestion Concentration (mg/kg)Dermal Concentration (mg/kg)Inhalation Concentration (mg/kg)*Ingestion Carcinogenic RiskDermal Carcinogenic RiskInhalation Carcinogenic RiskCalculated Carcinogenic RiskIngestion Hazard QuotientDermal Hazard QuotientInhalation Hazard QuotientCalculated Non-Carcinogenic Hazard Quotient67-64-1 Acetone 0.027 0.027 0.027 2.1E-07 2.7E-09 2.2E-077440-36-0 Antimony (metallic) 0.13 0.13 0.13 2.3E-03 2.3E-037440-38-2 Arsenic, Inorganic 10 10 107.2E-06 1.0E-061.2E-118.2E-061.4E-01 1.7E-02 5.0E-07 1.6E-017440-41-7 Beryllium and compounds 0.69 0.69 0.694.6E-13 4.6E-13 2.5E-032.6E-08 2.5E-037440-43-9Cadmium (Diet)0.33 0.33 0.331.7E-13 1.7E-13 2.4E-03 2.2E-04 2.5E-08 2.6E-037440-43-9Cadmium (Water)0.33 0.33 0.331.7E-13 1.7E-13 4.7E-03 2.2E-04 2.5E-08 4.9E-0316065-83-1Chromium(III), Insoluble Salts3838381.8E-041.8E-047440-47-3Chromium, Total3838386.9E-052.5E-096.9E-059.0E-022.9E-07 9.0E-027440-50-8Copper120 120 1202.1E-022.1E-0272-54-8DDD, p,p`- (DDD)0.0018 0.0018 0.0018 3.5E-10 9.7E-11 3.5E-17 4.4E-10 4.3E-04 1.0E-045.3E-0472-55-9DDE, p,p'-0.0043 0.0043 0.0043 1.2E-093.1E-12 1.2E-09 1.0E-041.0E-0450-29-3DDT7439-92-1~Lead and Compounds343434<SL** <SL** <SL**7439-96-5Manganese (Diet)160 160 1608.1E-032.4E-06 8.1E-037439-96-5Manganese (Non-diet)160 160 1604.7E-022.4E-06 4.7E-027439-97-6~Mercury (elemental)0.11 0.11 0.114.4E-04 4.4E-0475-09-2Methylene Chloride0.015 0.015 0.015 1.1E-102.2E-12 1.1E-10 1.8E-053.5E-07 1.8E-057440-02-0Nickel Soluble Salts1515151.1E-12 1.1E-12 5.3E-031.3E-07 5.3E-0383-32-9~Acenaphthene120-12-7~Anthracene0.053 0.053 0.0531.3E-06 3.9E-071.6E-0656-55-3~Benz[a]anthracene0.13 0.13 0.13 4.7E-08 1.6E-08 7.6E-11 6.3E-0850-32-8~Benzo[a]pyrene0.15 0.15 0.15 5.5E-07 1.8E-07 6.9E-14 7.3E-07 3.6E-03 1.1E-03 5.6E-08 4.7E-03205-99-2~Benzo[b]fluoranthene0.29 0.29 0.29 1.1E-07 3.5E-08 1.3E-14 1.4E-07207-08-9~Benzo[k]fluoranthene0.12 0.12 0.12 4.4E-09 1.5E-09 5.6E-16 5.8E-09218-01-9~Chrysene0.12 0.12 0.12 4.4E-10 1.5E-10 5.6E-17 5.8E-1053-70-3~Dibenz[a,h]anthracene0.0230.023 0.023 8.4E-08 2.8E-08 1.1E-14 1.1E-07206-44-0~Fluoranthene0.16 0.16 0.162.8E-05 8.8E-063.7E-0586-73-7~Fluorene193-39-5~Indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene0.085 0.085 0.085 3.1E-08 1.0E-08 3.9E-15 4.1E-08129-00-0~Pyrene0.26 0.26 0.266.2E-05 1.9E-058.1E-057782-49-2Selenium1.1 1.1 1.11.6E-034.1E-11 1.6E-037440-22-4Silver0.069 0.069 0.0699.8E-059.8E-057440-28-0Thallium (Soluble Salts)0.3 0.3 0.32.1E-012.1E-01E1790670Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (Aliphatic High)E1790674Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (Aromatic Medium)2828285.0E-027.4E-03 5.7E-027440-66-6Zinc and Compounds170 170 1704.0E-034.0E-03Cumulative:7.8E-056.3E-01** - Note that the EPA has no consensus on reference dose or cancer slope factor values for lead, therefore it is not possible to calculate cancer risk or hazard quotient. Lead concentrations are compared to the EPA screening level of 400 mg/kg for residential soil.North Carolina DEQ Risk CalculatorFigure 6. Risk Calculator Results for Site AH-5 - Chemical List
Summary of Risk Assessment Output Output Form 1A
Version Date: February 2018
Basis: November 2017 EPA RSL Table
Site ID: AH-5
Exposure Unit ID:
Receptor Pathway Carcinogenic
Risk Hazard Index Risk exceeded?
Soil Combined Pathways 1.4E-04 1.3E+00 YES
Groundwater Combined Pathways* 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 NO
Soil Combined Pathways 9.3E-06 1.2E-01 NO
Groundwater Combined Pathways* 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 NO
Construction Worker Soil Combined Pathways 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 NO
Soil Combined Pathways 7.8E-05 6.3E-01 NO
Surface Water Combined Pathways* 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 NO
Receptor Pathway Carcinogenic
Risk Hazard Index Risk exceeded?
Groundwater to Indoor Air 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 NO
Soil Gas to Indoor Air 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 NO
Indoor Air 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 NO
Groundwater to Indoor Air 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 NO
Soil Gas to Indoor Air 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 NO
Indoor Air 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 NO
Pathway Source
Source Soil NM
Source Groundwater NM
Source Soil NM
Source Groundwater NM
PRIMARY CALCULATORS
Resident
Non-Residential Worker
User Defined
2. * = If concentrations in groundwater exceed the NC 2L Standards or IMAC, or concentrations in surface water exceed
the NC 2B Standards, appropriate remediation and/or institutional control measures will be necessary to be eligible for a
risk-based closure.
Protection of Surface Water Exceedence of 2B at POE?
Exceedence of 2B at POE?
VAPOR INTRUSION CALCULATORS
Resident
Non-Residential Worker
CONTAMINANT MIGRATION CALCULATORS
Target POE Concentrations Exceeded?
Protection of Groundwater Use Exceedence of 2L at POE?
Exceedence of 2L at POE?
1. If lead concentrations were entered in the exposure point concentration tables, see the individual calculator sheets for
lead concentrations in comparison to screening levels. Note that lead is not included in cumulative risk calculations.
Notes:
North Carolina DEQ Risk Calculator
Figure 7. Risk Calculator Results for Site AH-5 - Summary
13

References
Buchman, M.F. 2008. NOAA Screening Quick Reference Tables. NOAA OR&R Report 08-1. Seattle,
Washington. Office of Response and Restoration Division. National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration. 34 pages.
North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ). 2018a. Preliminary Soil Remediation
Goals.
https://files.nc.gov/ncdeq/Waste%20Management/DWM/risk_based_remediation/Feb2018_PSRGs.pdf.
North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ). 2018b. Risk Calculator User Guide.
February 2018. Division of Waste Management.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). 2018. Region 4 Ecological Risk Assessment
Supplemental Guidance, Sediment Screening Values for Hazardous Waste Sites, Marine/Estuarine
Sediment, Ecological Screening Value. March 2018 Update.