Annexation Study-1988

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Town of
w-indsor
Annexation
Study
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0
PROPERTY OF
DIVISION OF COASTAL MANAGEMENT
PLEASE DO NOT REMOVE

1
TOWN OF WINDSOR
ANNEXATION STUDY
December 20, 1988
THE PREPARATION OF THIS STUDY WAS FINANCED IN PART THROUGH A GRANT
PROVIDED BY THE NORTH CAROLINA COASTAL MANAGEMENT PROGRAM, THROUGH
FUNDS. PROVIDED BY THE COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT ACT OF 1972, AS
AMENDED, WHICH IS ADMINISTERED BY THE OFFICE OF OCEAN AND COASTAL
RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC
ADMINISTRATION.

u
O. Wint Hale
Dalton Rose
ANNEXATION STUDY
Prepared for
TOWN OF WINDSOR, NORTH CAROLINA
December 1988
L.T. Livermon, Jr., Mayor
Board of Commissioners
Charles W.D. Fulk
f
T.R. Shaw, Jr.
Mary H. Willoughby
Technical Assistance Provided by:
Mid -East Commission
P.O. Box'1787
Washinjton, North Carolina 27889
Proiect Staff
Connie R. Price, Planner -in -Charge
Joe Adkins, Planning Intern
Lou Valenti, Cartographer
Jeanne Ashmore, Secretary

TABLE OF CONTENTS
'
Introduction .............................................
1
Location Description
and
Study
Area
1.......
3
'
Study .
Area
...•......•�........
2... ... .. ...............
8
Study
Area
1 and 2..................................
13
Characte%istics
of Proposed Annexation Areas
Study
Area
1............... .......................
3
Study
Area
2.... ....
8
Study
Area
1 and�2.... ....
..............................
13
'
Land Use and Population Estimates
Study
Area
1........................................
-3
Study
Area
2........................................
8
'
Study
Area
1 and 2..................................
13
Land Area
Study
Area
1............................. ........ ...
4
Study
Area
2....................................
9
Study
Area
1 and2............................4.....
14
'
Statement Showing that Areas to be Annexed
Meet the Requirements of G.S. 160A-36
'
Study
Area
1........................................
5
Study
Area
2................... A....................
10
Study
Area
1 and 2..................................
15
Land Use Maps
'
Study
Area
1........................................
6
Study
Area
2... ...
11
Study
Area
1 and•2..................................
16
1

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Continued
Utility Needs Maps
Study Area 1........................................ .7
' Study Area 2........................................ 12
Study Area 1 and.2... 17
Statement Setting Forth Plans for Extending
tTown Services to the Areas to be Annexed
Police Protection ............... .............. e..... is
' Fire Protection............18
Street Lights... ••. .... .•.••••....•••......•. 19
Street Construction and Maintenance ................1 19
' Street Signs...........20
Inspections.. ...................................... 20
Recreation and Parks ................................ 21
Refuse Collection ................................... 21
' Water Service .... 21
Sewer Service................. ...................... 22
'•
Financial Analyses
,.
Study Area 1........................................
Study Area 2..
24
24
Study Area 1 and�2..................................
25
'
Recommendations
Capital Expenditures ................................
28
Future Development....
31
Summary ..............................................
31
11

As a prerequisite to annexation, the Town is required
by law to prepare a report setting forth plans for the
extension of each major Town service to the areas proposed to
be annexed. This report includes:
1. A.description of the proposed areas to be annexed;
2. A statement showing that the areas proposed for
annexation meet the legislative standards prescribed
in G.S. 160A-36;
3. A statement setting forth plans for the extension of
major iaunicipal.services performed within the Town
to the areas proposed for annexation and method of
financing such extensions;
4. A statement of the impact of annexation on any rural
fire department providing service in the area to be
annexed and a statement of the impact on the annexa-
tion on fire protection and fire insurance rates in
the areas to be annexed;
1

5. A map showing the present and proposed Town
boundaries;
6. Maps showing the general land use pattern in the
areas to be annexed;
7. Maps showing the present major trunk water and sewer
mains and outfalls, and the proposed extension of
such mains and outfalls to serve the proposed
annexation areas.
This report has been prepared in compliance with the
foregoing requirements and is available for public inspection
in the office of the Town Clerk.
The Windsor Annexation Report looks at two Study Areas
on the north side of the existing Town limits. These areas
were chosen by the Manager and the Town Council. The Town of
Windsor is currently proceeding with annexations on the east
and south sides of Town. This report will analyze the
feasibility of annexation in the two Study Areas.

R
3
LOCATION AND
Study Area 1
Area 1 is located north of the present Town limits
along U.S. 13. The proposed area follows Highway 13 on both
sides ending at the Cashie River Bridge. The area includes
Thompson Co. Sawmill and Powell & Stokes Bulk Peanut Station.
The Red. Apple which is now a satellite would become
contiguous. .
CHARACTERISTICS
.Study Area 1
General Location: North of present town limits along
U.S. Hwy 13 to the Cashie River Bridge.
Present Dwelli$g Units: 40
Estimated Present Population: 102
Total % of Developed % of Total
Acreage Acreage Acreage
Residential
19.1
36.7
19.7
Commercial
7.2
13.8
7.4
Industrial
6.7
12.8
6.9
Institutional
0.0
0.0
0.0
Streets
19.1
36.7
19.7
Total Developed
52.1
100.0
53.8 _
Vacant
44.7
46.2
TOTAL 96.9 100.0 100.0
0

4
Anticipated Future Land Use: Residential, Commercial and
Institutional
Present Zoning Classification: none
Street Mileage: 1.25 Paved 1.25 State
•42 Unpaved .42 Non -State
1. The number of dwelling units within the boundaries of
this area was derived from a field count made in June,
1988.
2. According to G.S. 160-54(1), the population may be
estimated by multiplying the number of dwelling units in
the area by the average family size in such area as
determined by the last federal decennial census.
40 dwelling units x 2.56 persons per household
(1980 census) = 102 population
ACREAGE DATA
PILOTS
TOTAL
LAND USE ACRE ACREAGE ACRES ACREAGE ACRES ACREAGE ACRES ACREAGE
Residential
29
11.9
5
7.3
0
0.0
34
19.1
Commercial
1
0.2
3
7.0
0
0.0
4
7.2
Industrial
0
0.0
0
0.0
1
6.7
1
6.7
Institutional
0
0.0
0
0.0
0
0.0
0
0.0:
Vacant
3
1.3
8
18.4
2
25.1
13
44.7_
Streets
0
0.0
0
0.0
1
19.1
1
19.1
TOTAL
33
13.4
16
f2.6
4
50.9
53
96.9

5
Statement that the Area Proposed to be Annexed
Meets the Legislative Standards of
G.S. 16OA-36
Study Area 1
Section 1
The Area to be annexed meets the Legislative Standards
of G.S. 160A-36(b) as follows:
1. Study Area 1 is adjacent and contiguous to the current
Town limits as defined in G.S. 160A-41 on the 1st day of
December, 1988, as shown on the Map on page 6.
2. The aggregate external boundary of the area to, be
annexed is 19,930 feet of which 5,653 feet, or 28.4% of
the aggregate boundary coincides with the present Town
boundary as shown on the map on page 6. Therefore. at
least one -eighth (12.5%) of the external boundary coin-
cides with the Town boundary.
3. No part of the area to be annexed is included within the
boundary of another incorporated municipality. See Map
on page 6.
Section 2
The area to be annexed must be developed for urban
purposes as defined in G.S. 160A-36(c) in that: (a)_at
least sixty percent (60%) of the total number of lots and
tracts in the area at the time of annexation are used for
residential, commercial, industrial, institutional or govern-
mental purposes, and (b) is subdivided into lots and tracts
such that at least sixty percent (60%) of the total residen-
tial and undeveloped acreage consists of lots and tracts
five acres or less in size.
(a) Number of lots and tracts being used for residen-
tial, commercial, industrial, institutional or
governmental purposes divided by the total number
of lots and tracts within area = 39 _ 52 = 75%.
(b) Total residential and undeveloped acreage of the
area consisting of lots and tracts five (5) acres
or less in size divided by total residential and
undeveloped acreage in the proposed area = 38.9
63.8 = 61.0%.

1
1
1
1
Town of Windsor
Annexation Study Area 1
Land Use
® Residential
Commercial
® Institutional
Industrial
Vacant
® Satellite Annexation
Study Area Boundary
Torn Boundary
1
1
'1
1
THE PREPARATION OF THIS MAP YAS FINANCED IN
PART THROUGH A GRANT PROVIDED BY THE NORTH
CAROLINA COASTAL MANAGEMENT PROGRAM, THROUGH
FUNDS PROVIDED BY THE COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT ACT C
1972, AS AMENDED, NHICH IS ADMINISTERED BY THE
OFFICE OF OCEAN AND COASTAU RESOURCE MANAGEMENT,
NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION

I
Town of Windsor
Annexation Study Area t
UTILITIES
1 * Light
1
e Hydrant
Water
e
Sewer
° — — Study Area Boundary
Town Boundary
� e
� 1
1
1
1
1
1
0 600 1200
FEET
41
Olt LEI
BERTIL COUNTY
NIN0s06
THE PREPARATION OF THIS MAP WAS FINANCED IN J
PART THROUGH A GRANT PROVIDED BY IME NORTH
CAROLINA COASTAL MANAGEMENT PROGRAM, THROUGH
FUNDS PROVIDED BY THE COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT ACT OF
1272, AS AMENDED, WHICH IS ADMINISTERED BY THE
OFFICE OF OCEAN AND COASTAL RESOURCE MANA6EMENT,
NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION

n
e
LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION
Study Area 2
Area 2 starts at the Cashie River Bridge and follows
U.S. Highway 13 north until the highway intersects with State
Road 1302. The area includes all land that falls between
Highway 13, State Road 1303 and State Road 1302. Lea Lumber
Co. and Bertie Peanut Co-op would be ;within this area.
Edgewood.Cemetery and Stewarts Exxon which are not satellites
would become.contiguous.
CHARACTERISTICS
Study Area 2
General Location: North along U.S. Highway 13 from the
Cashie River Bridge to the intersection of
Hwy 13 and State Road 1303.
Present Dwelling Units: 74
Estimated present Population: 189
Total % of Developed % of Total
Acreage Acreage Acreage
Residential
58.1
36.7
28.5
Coaruercial
9.1
5.7
4.5
Industrial
61.4
38.7
30.1
Institutional
2.4
1.5
1.2
Streets
27.7
17.4
13.6
Total Developed
158.6
100.0
77.8
Vacant
45.2
22.2 ;
TOTAL
293.8 100.0 100.0

0
Anticipated Future Land Use: Residential, Commercial and
Institutional
Present Zoning Classification:
Street Mileage: 2.4 Paved 1.8 State
.3_ Unpaved .9 Non -State
1. The number of dwelling units within the boundaries of
this area was derived from a field count made in June,
1988.
2. According to G.S. 160-54(1), the population may be
estimated by multiplying the number of dwelling units
in the area by the average family size in such area as
determined by the last federal decennial census.
74 dwelling units x 2.56 persons per household
(1980 census) = 189 population
ACREAGE DATA
'
#LOTS
TOTAL
LAND USE
ACRE
ACREAGE.
ACRES
ACREAGE
ACRES
ACREAGE
ACRES
ACREAGE
Residential
72
33.1
15
25.0
0
0.0
87
58.1
Comnereial
1
0.5
0
0.0
1
8.6
2'
9.1
Industrial
0
0.0
1
1.3
1
60.2
2
61.4
Institutional
0
0.0
1
2.4
0
0.0
1
2.4
Vacant
18
6.6
5
9.9
4
23.7
27
45.2
Streets
0
0.0
0
0.0
1
27.7
1
27.7
TOTAL 91 40.2 22 38.6 7 125.1 120 293.8

' 10
Statement that the Area Proposed to be Annexed
Meets the Legislative Standards of
' G.S. 160A-36
Study Area 2
Section 1
' The Area to be annexed meets the Legislative Standards
of G.S. 16OA-36 as follows:
1. Study Area 2 is adjacent and contiguous as defined in
G.S: 160A-36 on the 1st day of December, 1988, as shown
on the Map on page 11.
' 2. The aggregate external boundary of the area to be
annexed is 25,899 feet of which 8,039 feet, or 31.0% of
the aggregate boundary coincides with the Study Area 1
boundary as shown on the Map on page 11. Therefore at
' least one -eighth (12.5%) of the external boundary would
coincide with the Town Boundary if Study Area 1 is
annexed first.
3. No part of the area to be annexed - is included within
the boundary of another incorporated municipality. See
Map on page 11.
Section 2
The area to be annexed must be developed for urban
purposes as defined in G.S. 160A-36(c) in that: (a) at
least sixty percent (60%) of the total number of lots and
tracts in the area at the time of annexation are used for
residential, commercial, industrial,.institutional or govern-
mental purposes, and (b) is subdivided into lots and tracts
such that at least sixty percent (60%) of the total residen-
tial and undeveloped acreage consists of lots and tracts
five acres or less in size.
(a) Number of lots and tracts being used for residen-
tial, commercial, industrial, institutional or
governmental purposes divided by the total number
of lots and tracts within area = 92 + 119 = 77.3%.
(b) Total residential and undeveloped acreage of the
area consisting of lots and tracts five (5) acres
or less in. size divided by total residential and
undeveloped acreage in the proposed area = 74.6
103.3 = 72.2%.

Town of Windsor
Annexation Study Area 2
UTII,ITII,S
* Light
e Hydrant
Water
Sewer
— — Study Area Boundary
Town Boundary
II
I
I,
I
�I
IM^ I INC MUARATION OF THIS NI VAS rlMRCFD 1NPAR\
V V V 1M I PUNT RRDYO [D !T INC NM!%
fAAhM MAS11NAN 0DRMN, IMU
FUNDS RRDSIDED DR INC COAST& ?ONE NN/FCNFE ACI OF
1972 RS MENDED. W}q 1f ADN?NLSIMU NY INSf.,.'�IS/lPP DFE ttC Dr OCEAN AND COAST& RESOURCE NANAIENEN1,
Y11;NML OCEANIC RW AImSRNCRIC IWAIs1RA11JN

13
` LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION
Study Areas 1 and 2
These two study areas are located north of the current
Town limits along U.S. 13 North. The area extends to the
intersection of U.S. 13 and S.R. 1302. The area includes Lea
Lumber Co., Thompson Lumber Co., Bertie Peanut Co-op, and
Powell & Stokes Bulk Peanut Station. In addition, three
areas (Edgewood Cemetery, Red Apple, and Stewarts Exxon)
that are now satellite annexations will become contiguous.
CHARACTERISTICS
Study Areas 1 and 2
General Location: North of present town limits along
U.S. Hwy 13 to the intersection of
U.S. Hwy 13 and State Road 1303.
Present Dwelling Units: 114
Estimated Present Population: 291
Anticipated Future Land Use: Residential, Commercial and
Institutional
Present Zoning Classification: none
Total
X of Developed
% of Total
Acreage
Acreage
Acreage
Resldentlal
77.2
36.6
27.5
Commercial
16.3
7.7
5.4
Industrial
68.1
32.3
22.7
Institutional
2.4
1.1
0.8
Streets
46.3
22.2
15.6
Total Developed
210.8
100.0
70.1
Vacant
89.9
29.9
TOTAL 300.7 100.0 100.0

. Street Mileage:
14
3.65 Paved 3.08 State
.76 Unpaved 1.33 Non -State
1.The number of dwelling units within the boundaries of this
area was derived from a field count made in June, 1988.
2.According to G.S. 160-54(1), the population may be
estimated by multiplying the number of dwelling units in the
area by the average family size in such area.as determined by
the last federal decennial census.
114 dwelling units x 2.56 persons per household
(1980 census) = 291 population
ACREAGE DATA
#LOTS
< 1
1-5
> 5•
TOTAL
LAND USE
ACRE
ACREAGE
ACRES
ACREAGE
ACRES
ACREAGE
ACRES
ACREAGE.
Residential
101
44.9
20
32.3
0
0.0
121
77.2
Commercial
2
0.8
3
7.0
1
8.6
61
16.3
Industrial
0
0.0
1
1.3
2
66.9
3
68.1
Institutional
0
0.0
1
2.4
0
0.0
1
2.4-
Vacant
21
7.9
13
28.3
6
53.8
40
89.9.
Streets
0
0.0
0
0.0
2
46.8
2
46.8
TOTAL '_.-
124
53.5
38
71.2
11
176.0
173
300.7

49
Statement that the Area Proposed to be Annexed
Meets the Legislative Standards of
G.S. 160A-36
Study Areas 1 and 2
Section 1
The Area to be annexed meets the Legislative Standards
of G.S. 160A-36 as follows:
1. Study Areas 1 and 2 are adjacent and contiguous as
defined in G.S. 160A-41 on the let day of July, 1988,
shown on the Map on page 16.
2. The aggregate external- boundary of the area to be
annexed.is 44,011 feet of which 5,653.feet, or 12.8% of
the aggregate boundary coincides with the present Town
boundary as shown on the Map page 16. Therefore Study
Areas 1 and 2 when combined do meet the requirement
that at least one -eighth .(12.5%) • of the external
boundary coincides with the Town boundary.
' 3. No part of the area to be annexed is included within the
boundary of another incorporated municipality. See Map
on page 16.
Section 2
The area to be annexed must be developed for urban
purposes as defined in G.S. 160A-36(c) in that: (a) at least
sixty percent (60%) of the total number of lots and tracts in
the area at the time of annexation are used for residential,
commercial, industrial, institutional or governmental purposes,
and (b) is subdivided into lots and, tracts such that at least
sixty percent (60%) of the total residential and undeveloped
acreage consists of lots and tracts five acres or less in size.
(a) Number of lots and tracts being used for residen-
tial, commercial, industrial, institutional or
governmental purposes divided by the total number
of lots and tracts within area = 131 _ 171 = 76.6%.
(b) Total residential and undeveloped acreage of the
area consisting of lots and tracts five (5) acres
or less in size., divided by total residential and
undeveloped acreage in the proposed area = 113.4
167.1 = 67.9%.

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Town of Windsor
A n n e x a I i o n Study Areas
UTILITIES
* Light
A Hydr an t
Water
Sewer
Study Area Boundary
'town Boundary
0 loon 2000
/ FEET
i
v Study Aiea
?—Study Aiea I
Torn of Tindioi

� ® o
Town of Windsor
` Annexation Study Areas
I, and Use
M Residential
O Commercial
® Institutional
Industrial
Vacant
® Satellite Annexation
FINveM�
J:I1P.<RFZI�YIEi�
Study Area Boundary
Torn Boundary
1
1
1
> 0 1000 2000
/ FEET
IMC PICPARAIIO4 OF IRIS MN US EIWMCN IN
PART 'MOMM PROVIOM OY A iRRIXE MR?"
CAMLIA4 COASTAL MAWCEMENI PROGUA IMOOM
TOMS PROVIDES IT Inc WASIAL IOMC WM GS T ACT Y
I YII. " A"EMM. YX . If ARKIMISIUM Cl IMC
Xz E OF OCEAN YO COASIU REMbRCt M cpcMI, P
"ZONAL OCE MIC SM AIMVM C AOMIWSIRAIION
Study Area 2
Study Area I
�_Toru of Tiadsorl

18
Statement Setting Forth Plans for Existing
City Services to the Area Proposed to be Annexed
Services will be provided to the proposed areas to be
annexed upon the effective date of annexation in accordance
with G.S. 16OA-35 as follows:
Police Protection
Existing police services provided within the corporate
limits of Windsor consists of general routine patrolling of
all Town streets to deter criminal activity and providing
investigations of accidents and other complaints.
These tasks are accomplished by a department of six (6)
police officers. The ratio of police officers to citizens is
currently one (1) to 358. The annexation of both areas would
increase the ratio to one (1) to 406.
Therefore, in accordance with the provisions of G.S.
160A-35(a), immediately upon the effective date of
annexation, the Police Department will provide police
services on the same basis and in the same manner as stated
above for the existing Town.
• •,
Fire- protection in the Town of Windsor is provided by
the Fire Department consisting of thirty-eight (38) volunteer
personnel operating from one fire station. The fire station
is located on King Street.
The Town of Windsor presently has a fire insurance rating
of Grade 5. This is based on a scale of 3-9 with a Grade 3
being the highest. The study areas are given a rating of 9.
The higher rating will be reduced upon the effective date of
the annexation.

19
The Windsor Rural Volunteer Fire Department is currently
providing fire protection for the study areas. Currently,
the farthest any property in Town is located from the fire
station is 2.76 miles. In the annexation areas the farthest
distance any property is located from the fire station is
2.72 miles.
Therefore, in accordance with the provisions of G.S.
160A-35(-3)(a), immediately upon the effective date of
annexation, the Windsor Fire Department will provide fire
protection service, as stated above, on the same basis and
in the same manner as provided for the existing city.
Street Lights
The Town's policy on street lights is to determine their
proper location by a survey completed by the Public Utilities
Department, but as a general rule lights are normally
installed at every other utility pole or every 300 feet.
Street lighting is supplied by Windsor Electric at a fee of
$13.50 per month, per light.
Approximately 20-street lights will be required to serve
Study Area 1, 32 lights for Study Area 2. Lights will be
installed as soon after the effective date of annexation as
possible depending on Windsor Electric's work schedule and
load.
Street Construction and Maintenance
Residential street construction, in accordance with
present Town policies, is accomplished after a petition has
been received signed by the property owners. The Town
Council does have authority to require the paving of a
street upon the declaration that such. action is in the
public interest. Property owners are responsible for 66% of
the cost of street improvements abutting their property.
The paving policy will apply uniformly to all parts of
Town, thus providing street improvements on substantially
the same basis.
The Town finances residential street construction
through capital outlay budgeting and is normally programmed
in sequence with the dates the improvement petitions were
filed.

The
streets
system.
service.
street
cleaning
Town of Windsor maintains all unpaved and paved
within the Town that are not part of the State
It is the Town's policy to provide maintenance
including street repair and resurfacing, patching,
grading, street cleaning, sidewalk repair, and
clogged storm drains on a continuing basis.
Funds to pay for street maintenance. comes partially from
the State gasoline tax. The money is distributed based on
population and Town street mileage. The majority of streets
in the study areas are maintained by the State. The change
from State control to local control would be accomplished
through negotiations with the Department of Transportation.
Street Signs
The Town has the responsibility of installing and
maintaining street signs. The Town will provide standard
green and white reflective street name signs on steel posts
at all intersections. Speed limit signs are also provided
at designated locations to control traffic.
The Town will place the necessary street signs as soon
as possible after the effective date of annexation.•
Inspections
The Town of Windsor is presently charged with the
enforcement of State building, plumbing, electrical, and
heating/air conditioning codes within the Town limits and the
extraterritorial jurisdiction. The city inspector is also
responsible for mobile home installation inspections.
The current procedure for obtaining a building permit or
related permits in Windsor requires initial approval by the
Town's Zoning Inspector followed by the issuance of a
building permit. The portions of the Study Areas that are
within the Town's extraterritorial jurisdiction must cur-
rently follow this procedure.
Therefore, immediately upon the effective date of
annexation, the inspection policy for the Town will be
extended to the study areas.

21
Recreation and Parks
The Town of Windsor Recreation Department provides
leisure activities for residents of the Town. The Department
maintains several outdoor facilities in order to conduct
year -around activities for both adults, teenagers and
children.
Immediately upon annexation, residents of the study
areas will be welcome to use the Town's parks and recreation
facilities.
Refuse Collection
The.Town of Windsor presently provides curbside garbage
pickup twice weekly. Yard rubbish and other trash is picked
up at the curb weekly. Leaf collection during the
leaf -falling season is accomplished at the curb weekly.
Commercial may be picked up more frequently based on the need
of the business.
There are presently two different- refuse collection
routes covering the entire, Town. These routes will be
adjusted to cover the study area.
Therefore, in accordance
160A-35(3)(a) immediately upon
ation, the Town will accept
services.
Water Service
with the provisions of G.S.
the effective date of annex -
responsibility for sanitation
The extension of water lines into the study areas will
be an expensive portion of annexation costs. Revenues for
paying these costs can be made available from a number -of
sources, including combinations of the following: general
fund revenues, water bond funds, tap -on fees, and possibly
federal and state grants and loans.
Water lines will be installed in the annexation areas so
that property owners will be able to secure public service.
According to Windsor policy, residents located within 'two
hundred feet of a water line are required to tap -on to the

22
lines as they become available. All lines, must be under
contract to be installed within one year following the
effective date of annexation.
Sewer Service
Sewer lines will be installed in the proposed study
areas so that property owners in the area will be able to
secure public sewer in .accordance with current Town policies.
Sewer line extensions will be provided for individual lots
or existing subdivisions for any property owner that peti-
tions the Town of Windsor for such service at least 30 days
prior to. the adoption of the annexation ordinance by 'the
Town Council. Pursuant to G.S. 160A-35(3)(b) installation of
all lines must begin within one year following the effective
date of annexation. According to present policy, residents
located within two hundred feet of a sewer line are required
to tap-on'to the lines as they become available.
Summary
In conclusion, the Town will meet the requirements of
G.S. 160A-35(3) by providing police protection, fire protec-
tion, garbage service and street maintenance immediately
upon annexation of the proposed areas.
Other Town services, even though not specifically
required by G.S. 160A-35 such as street construction, street
lights, street signs, recreation and parks, and general
administration will be furnished in accordance with Town
policy as outlined in the section detailed above.
Pursuant to the requirements of G.S. 160A-35(3)(b),
water and sewer lines will be installed' in accordance with
current extension policies. All water and sewer lines
determined to be necessary before adoption of the annexation
ordinance must be under contract to be installed within one
year after the effective date of annexation.

23
FINANCIAL ANALYSES
The adoption of the annexation ordinance by the Town
will create additional costs in providing local services.
The increased costs include providing police and fire
protection, garbage collection, water and sewer service, and
general administration.
These costs can be divided into two types. The first is
capital costs for extending water and sewer lines, purchasing
equipment, to serve the area, and paving streets. The
capital costs are high and frequently require a number of
years to recover. A second type of costs are operating
costs which will occur every year.
Increased costs may be balanced by additional revenue.
Revenue source's include property tax, beer and wine tax,
utility franchise tax, Powell Bill Fund, intangibles tax,
sales and use tax, business licenses, water and sewer
revenue.
Each source will be variable from year to year. However,
projections may be made based upon past revenue and expendi-
ture levels. Projections for both study areas as follows:

24
Study Area 1
I. Estimated Revenues
Sales Tax
Property Tax
Beer and Wine Tax
Utility Franchise
Powell Bill Fund
Intangibles Tax
Licenses
Water and Sewer Revenue
II. Estimated Operating Costs
Police Department
Sanitation
Street Maintenance
Water and Sewer Cost
Study Area 2
s
I. Estimated Revenues
Sales Tax
Property Tax
Beer and Wine Tax
Utility Franchise
Powell Bill Fund
Intangibles Tax
Licenses
Water and Sewer Revenue
II. Estimated Operating Costs
Police Department
Sanitation
Street Maintenance
Water and Sewer Cost
u
$ 1,846.74
1,890.44
435.54
2,383.74
2,913.12
159.12
105.06
6,605.52
$16,339.28
2,091.00
1,055.00
865.00
3,302.76
$ 7,313.76
$ 3,415.84
4,811.98
807.03'
4,416.93
5,397.84
294.84
194.67
_12,239.64
$31,578.77
3,910.88
1,955.68
1,603.66
6.119.82
$13,590.04

I
25
Study Areas 1 and 2
I. Estimated Revenues
Sales Tax
Property Tax
Beer and Wine Tax
Utility Franchise
Powell Bill Fund
Intangibles Tax
Licenses
Water and Sewer Revenue
II. Estimated operating Costs
Police Department
Sanitation
Street Maintenance
Water and Sewer Cost
t
$ 5,262:74
6,702.42
1,247.00
6,824.00
8,340.00
453.96
300.76
18,899.55
$48,030.43
$ 6,001.88
3,010.68
2,468.66
9,422.58
$20,903.80

26
mortization of Capital Expenditures
The time required to amortize the capital expenditures in
a study area is dependent upon the ratio between capital
costs and expected revenues. The number of years can be
determined by using the following formula:
Revenues per year - operating Costs per year
Study Area 1: Tap -on
594,500 - 10,000 = 584,500
584,500 584,500 = 64.76
16,339.28 - 7,313.76 9,025.52
The estimated projection would require approximately
65 years to amortize the capital cost.
Study Area 2: Tap -on
' 855,500 - 18,000 837,500
837,500 837,500' = 46.55
31,578.77 - 130590.04 17,988.73
The estimated projection would require approximately
47 years to amortize the capital cost.
Study Areas 1 and 2: Tap -on
1,479,000 - 28,500 = 1,450,500
1,450,500 = 1,450,500 = 53.47
48,030.43-20,903.80 27,126.63
The estimated projection would require approximately
53 years to amortize the capital cost.

27
The length of time may be decreased by reducing the
estimated operating cost and by implementing an assessment
charge for water and sewer line installation.
The .excessive length of time required to amortize the
capital costs is a result of high infrastructure installation
costs and the low property tax base. As explained later, the
amortization period may be reduced by one of several methods.
0
i
<:

ME
Recommendations
The foregoing analyses of each study area includes the
financial qualifications for annexation. This will allow
the Town Board of Commissioners to proceed with legal
annexation of one or both study areas. However, several
additional issues will need to be considered before the
annexation process continues.
Capital Expenditures
Water and/or sewer extensions into both study areas will
cost a total of $1,479,000. This cost is the primary concern
in the annexation process. Under current policy, the Tbwn
of Windsor will be responsible for the cost. This means the
revenue 'must be generated from current revenue sources or
future revenue sources.
Current revenue sources includes General Fund revenues
listed in the previous section, such as property tax, sales
tax and tap -on fees. General Fund revenue projections are
based upon the use of population estimates and current level
of expenditures.
Additional revenue sources will be needed to pay for
i
capital costs in both study areas. The new revenue sources
may include bonds, assessments, loans, and grants.

29
'
1
Expenditures estimates for the utility projects were
generated by the Mid -East Commission; Windsor Public Works
Director; and The Wooten Company. The capital expenditure
estimates may be adjusted at a later date which could reduce
the cost of the project. Portions of the utility project
could be left out if the study area is reduced.
The sale of bonds will require approval by the voters and
the creation, of a way to pay back the debt. Revenue bonds
must be retired by the collection of user fees. General
obligation bonds would. be backed by the full faith and
credit of the Town and paid back bonds through any locally
controlled revenue.
The Town of Windsor may choose to begin assessment of
property owners for the cost of water and sewer line instal-
lation. Even though the Town does not currently have such a
policy, one may be adopted which would affect not only the
existing Town limits but any potential annexation areas.
The policy could include that after the effective
annexation date --utility lines to individual lots or subdi-
visions will be extended upon receipt of a written petition
signed by owners of any property which will be served by the
lines. Actual installation of lines under this procedure
would occur only after a public hearing has been held and
extensions of such lines authorized by the Town Council.

�r
The cost for installation of water and sewer lines could
be fully charged against adjacent properties when such lines
are installed, regardless of whether or not connection
(tap -on) is made. The policy could state the maximum
assessment rate in a per front foot rate.
In addition, assessments could be made payable after the
line is 'installed or they could be financed by the Town.
Property owners adjoining existing lines that have not paid
an assessment could be charged when the connection is made.
The policy would leave the choice of connecting to the Town
water main resting with the property owner. The choice of
connecting to a sewer main would also rest with the property
owner unless an inspector determines a problem exists.
A third financing alternative could be the use of loans
from either state or federal agencies. The State has
recently established'the Clean Water Revolving Loan Program
to assist communities in paying for water and sewer projects.
The loan may be secured through the use of water and sewer
revenue. In addition, loans may be available from Farmers'
Home Administration for water and sewer projects.
The Town of Windsor may choose to install the water lines
themselves. This would cut considerably the overall cost of
the project and decrease the amount of time to recover the
capital costs.

31
Future Development
Both of the Study Areas contain undeveloped land. Some
of this land is expected to develop into various land uses
over different time schedules. Assuming all Study Areas are
annexed in the near future, such development would add to
the Town's tax base and reduce the amount of time necessary
to recoup the initial capital investments. Also the
extension of utilities north of the Cashie River would make
future annexations more cost effective.
Summary
The extension of benefits that Windsor citizens enjoy -to
the study areas is a primary reason for annexation.
Increased and improved services are a major incentive for
citizens beyond the Town limits to favor annexation.
Through annexation the Town can increase its geographic size
which will result in a broadened tax base and increased
property values. This change will increase the Town's
borrowing power and improve the capacity to provide services.
In addition, increased population has important financial
implications for various federal and state programs.
The citizens of the new areas will also have an advantage
of representation in the decision -making process of the
Town. Residents surrounding the Town are affected by
problems created by urban -type development. Thus, through

32
annexation these residents are given the opportunity to
participate in solving the problems confronting the
community.
f