Land Use Plan Update 2005-2006

Town of Surf City Land Use Plan
Update 2005
Town of Surf City
214 New River Drive
P.O. Box 2475
Surf City, NC 28445
910-328-4131 - 910-328-4134 (fax)
Coastal Resources Commission Certification Date: June 23, 2006

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a
Town of Surf City Land Use Plan
Update 2005
Town of Surf City
214 New River Drive
P. O. Bog 2475
Surf City, NC 28445
910-328-4131 / 910-328-4132 (fag)
Town Council
A.D. "Zander" Guy, Jr., Mayor
Nelva R. Albury, Mayor Pro Tem
Michael H. Curley
William J. Fowler
Donald Ray Helms
Douglas C. Medlin
Town Manager
Michael Moore
Town Attorney
Charles Lanier
Planning Board
Barry Newsome, Chairman
Oliver W. "Al" Alphin
Frank Camps-Campins
John "Trapper" Cramer
Carl Johnson
Carol Ryce
Kim Shailer
Sidney Williams
Technical Assistance Provided By:
Cape Fear Council of Governments
1480 Harbour Drive
Wilmington, North Carolina 28401
910-395-4553 / 910-395-2684 (fax)
Town Clerk
Patricia Arnold
Planning Director
Todd Rademacher
Coastal Resources Commission Certification Date: June 23, 2006

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Acknowledgment
Special recognition and thanks goes to Mr. Allen Serkin and to Mr. Adam Jones, students
in the UNC-Wilmington Department of Environmental Science, who provided important
assistance on the preparation of this document. Town staff is also recognized for
providing their usual wonderful level of assistance, which is actually rare, but which we
have come to expect at Surf City. Thanks!
s
The preparation of this document was financed, in part, through a grant provided by the
North Carolina Coastal Management Program, through funds provided by the Coastal
Zone Management Act of 1972, as amended, which is administered by the Office of
Ocean and Coastal Resource Management, National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration.

• Table of Contents
Page #
Introduction...................................................................................................................................
I
Howto Use the Land Use Plan....................................................................................................
4
Section 1: Community Concerns and Aspirations....................................................................
5
(A) Significant Existing & Emerging Conditions..........................................................
5
(B) Key Issues...................................................................................................................
7
(C) Community Vision.....................................................................................................
9
Section 2: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions.....................................................14
(A) Population................................................................................................................14
(1) Current Permanent Population Estimates..................................................14
(2) Current Seasonal Population Estimates......................................................17
(3) Permanent Population Growth Trends.......................................................19
(4) Key Population Characteristics...................................................................19
(5) Age of Population..........................................................................................
21
(6) Income............................................................................................................
22
(B) Housing Stock..........................................................................................................
25
(1) Current Housing Stock.................................................................................
25
(2) Building Permits Issued................................................................................
28
(C) Local Economy........................................................................................................
29
(1) Employment By Major Sectors....................................................................
30
(2) Description of Community Economic Activity ...........................................
32
(D) Population Projections............................................................................................
33
(1) Short-term — 5 & 10 year projections on permanent & seasonal
• population............................................................................................................
33
(2) Long-term — 20 year projections on permanent & seasonal population
34
(E) Summary — Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions ...............................
34
Section3: Natural Systems Analysis.........................................................................................
37
(A) A Description and Analysis of Natural Features and Environmental
Conditions of Surf City's Planning Jurisdiction..........................................................
37
(1) Areas of Environmental Concern................................................................
37
a. The Estuarine System.........................................................................
38
b. Ocean Hazard Areas...........................................................................
39
c. Public Water Supplies.........................................................................
40
d. Natural & Cultural Resource Areas .................................................
40
(2) Soil Characteristics.......................................................................................
40
(3) Water Quality Classifications......................................................................
45
(4) Shellfish Growing Areas & Primary Nursery Areas .................................
48
a. Primary Nursery Areas......................................................................
48
b. Secondary Nursery Areas..................................................................
49
c. Special Secondary Nursery Areas ......................................................
49
(5) Flood Hazard Areas.....................................................................................
49
a. Other Natural Hazard Areas.............................................................
51
(6) Storm Surge Areas........................................................................................
51
(7) Non -coastal Wetlands (Probable 404 Wetlands) ........................................
53
(8) Water Supply Watersheds & Wellhead Protection Areas ........................
54
(9) Environmentally Fragile Areas....................................................................
54
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a. Wetlands..............................................................................................
54
•
b. Natural Heritage Areas......................................................................
55
c. Areas Containing Endangered Species .............................................
55
d. Prime Wildlife Habitats.....................................................................
56
e. Maritime Forests.................................................................................
56
(10) Additional Natural Features Identified by Surf City ...............................
56
Section 4: Composite Map of Environmental Conditions......................................................
57
(A) Class I — land containing only minimal hazards and limitations that may
be addressed by commonly land planning and development practices .....................
57
(B) Class II — land containing development hazards and limitations that may
be addressed by methods such as restrictions on types of land uses, special site
planning, or the provision of public services................................................................
57
(C) Class III — land containing serious hazards for development or lands
where the impact of development may cause serious damage to the functions
ofnatural systems...........................................................................................................
58
Section5: Environmental Conditions......................................................................................
59
(A) Water Quality..........................................................................................................
59
(1) Status and changes of surface water quality ..............................................
60
(2) Current situation and trends on permanent and temporary closures
ofshellflshing waters...........................................................................................
60
(3) Areas experiencing chronic wastewater treatment system
malfunctions........................................................................................................
61
(4) Areas with water quality or public health problems related
tonon -point source pollution.............................................................................
61
(B) Natural Hazards......................................................................................................
61
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(1) Areas subject to storm hazards such as recurrent flooding,
storm surges, and high winds.............................................................................
62
(2) Areas experiencing significant shoreline erosion as evidenced
by the presence of threatened structures or public facilities ..........................
62
(3) Estimates of public and private damage resulting from floods and wind
since the last plan update...................................................................................
63
(C) Natural Resources...................................................................................................
64
(1) Environmentally fragile areas — where resource functions may be
impacted as a result of development.................................................................
64
(2) Areas containing potentially valuable natural resources .........................
64
Section 6: Analysis of Land Use & Development....................................................................
66
(A) Existing Land Use Map...........................................................................................
66
(B) Land Use Analysis...................................................................................................
66
(1) Types of land use in Surf City .....................................................................
66
(2) Description of any land use conflicts..........................................................
67
(3) Description of any land use — water quality conflicts .............................
68
(4) Description of development trends.............................................................
69
(5) Location of areas expected to receive development during the 5 year
period following plan certification & potential conflicts with Class II or
ClassIII land.......................................................................................................
69
(C) Historic, Cultural, & Scenic Areas........................................................................
70
(1) Historic Structures.......................................................................................
70
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• (2) Scenic Areas.................................................................................................. 70
(D) Projections of Future Land Needs......................................................................... 70
Section 7: Analysis of Community Facilities........................................................................... 74
(A) Public & Private Water Supply Systems............................................................... 74
(B) Public & Private Wastewater Systems.................................................................. 76
(C) Transportation Systems.......................................................................................... 78
(D) Stormwater Systems................................................................................................ 78
(E) Beach & Sound Access............................................................................................ 78
(E) Other Facilities......................................................................................................... 79
Section8: Land Suitability Analysis........................................................................................ 80
(A) Water Quality.......................................................................................................... 80
(B) Land Classes I, II, and III — Summary Analysis ................................................ 81
(C) Proximity to Existing Developed Areas & Compatibility
with Existing Uses........................................................................................................... 81
(D) Potential Impact of Development on Cultural Resource Areas .......................... 81
(E) Land Use Requirements of Local Development Regulations,
CAMA Use Standards, & Other Applicable State & Federal Regulations ............... 81
(F) Availability of Community Facilities — Water, Sewer, Transportation............ 82
Section 9: Review of 1993 CAMA Land Use Plan.................................................................. 83
A. Effectiveness of Policy from the 1992 Land Use Plan ............................................. 83
B. Existing Conflicts Between 1992 Land Use Plan Policy & Local Ordinances...... 83
C. List of 1992 Land Use Plan Policies.......................................................................... 83
. Part 2 — Plan for the Future
Section 1: Surf City Community Goals.....................................................................................91
(A) A Comprehensive List of Community Goals..........................................................91
Section 2: Policies for Growth & Development........................................................................92
(A) Public Access Goal & Policies..................................................................................93
(1) Support for Beach & Water Access..............................................................93
(2) Acquisition of Access Sites & Parking Sites.................................................94
(3) Funding for Access Improvements..............................................................94
(4) Community Image — Wholesome, Family Oriented, Fun for All.............95
(5) Urban Waterfront.........................................................................................95
(6) Planning for Access........................................................................................95
(7) Access Areas Will Be Clean, Well Maintained, & Landscaped.................96
(8) Provision of Public Access Is a Shared Responsibility ................................96
(9) Intergovernmental Cooperation on Access..................................................96
(10) Shoreline Access — Public Trust & Private Rights..................................97
(11) Access Opportunity for Bicycles & Pedestrians........................................97
(12) Federal Agency Requirements Will Continue to be Exceeded ................97
(13) Public Access Is a Major Priority ...............................................................97
(14) Access for All — Support for a Conference Center..................................98
(15) Ocean & Sound Access — Experience all the Island Offers ....................98
(16) Management & Maintenance of Public Road Right -of -Ways .................98
(17) Signage & Ownership..................................................................................98
(18) Dune Crossover Structures — Preserve Dune............................................99
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(19) Boaters Beach...............................................................................................99
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(20) Construction of Access Facilities................................................................99
(B) Land Use Compatibility Goal & Policies.................................................................99
(1) Areas with Development Limitations.........................................................100
(2) Permitting Development Compatible with Resources..............................100
(3) The Size & Scale of Development Matters.................................................101
(4) We Discourage Development Harmful to Property Values .....................101
(5) Managed Growth..........................................................................................101
(6) Redevelopment of Developed Property ......................................................101
(7) Urban Waterfront — Mixed Uses Are Supported....................................102
(8) Surf City Wishes to Maintain Maritime Forest.........................................102
(9) Designated Urban Waterfront — Coastal Wetlands Impact...................102
(10 Natural & Cultural Resources Protection Is a Priority ...........................102
(11) Intergovernmental & Private Partnerships to Preserve Resources ......102
(12) Development in Freshwater Wetlands.....................................................103
(13) Planning to Preserve Resources................................................................103
(14) Light Industry Is Desired on the Mainland.............................................104
(15) Development in Areas with Hazards........................................................104
(16) Soils Suitability...........................................................................................104
(17) Developers of Property Will Provide Infrastructure..............................105
(18) Annexation..................................................................................................105
(19) Connection to Public Water & Sewer System Is Required....................105
(20) Development in the Estuarine Shoreline AEC........................................105
(21) Support & Promotion of Conservation for Public Trust Areas.............105
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(22) Appropriate Development on Land Next to Topsail Sound...................106
(23) Safety Is a Priority for Transportation Projects.....................................106
(24) Protection of Groundwater Resources.....................................................106
(25) Subdivision Roads Will Be Built to State Minimum Standards ............106
(26) Additional Commercial Development Is Desired....................................106
(27) "Big Box" Commercial Development Should Locate Elsewhere ........... 107
(28) Support for Dredging & Beach Nourishment..........................................107
(29) Stormwater Runoff..................................................................................:.107
(30) Maintenance of Buffers Between Topsail Sound & Development ......... 107
(31) Marinas in Surf City — Dry Stack -Urban Waterfront -Topsail Sound ..108
(32) Development Will Happen According to the Land Use Plan Policy ...... 108
(33) Primary Use of the CBD Will Be Commercial — Mixed Allowed ........108
(34) Surf City Discourages Clear -Cutting & Stripping..................................108
(35) Incentives for Development.......................................................................109
(36) Purchase of Land for Public Use & Enjoyment......................................109
(37) Miscellaneous Municipal Policy................................................................109
(C) Infrastructure Carrying Capacity Goal & Policies..............................................110
(1) A General Statement of Policy on Municipal Services.............................110
(2) Policies Concerning Water & the Water System......................................110
(3) Policies Concerning Sewerage Treatment System
& Septic Tanks/Systems....................................................................................111
(4) Polices Concerning Water & Sewer...........................................................111
(5) Stormwater — Roads.....................................................................................112

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(6) Public Access & Water Quality...................................................................112
(7) Public Access Areas......................................................................................112
(8) Infrastructure - Who Pays..........................................................................112
(9) Groundwater Supply..... .................. oo ................................... o ................ o ...... 113
(10) Support for Water Conservation..............................................................113
(11) Stormwater.................................................................................................113
(12) Transportation — — Roads - Bikeways - Sidewalks.............................114
(13) Impact Fees.................................................................................................115
(14) Intergovernmental Cooperation...............................................................115
(15) Surf City Will Pursue Grant Fund Opportunities
for Infrastructure...............................................................................................115
(16) This Town Supports the Enhancement of Business Opportunity .........115
(17) Shoreline Erosion Control - Beach Nourishment...................................115
(18) Recycling.....................................................................................................116
(19) Educational Efforts....................................................................................116
(20) Planning for Infrastructure.......................................................................116
(D) Natural Hazards Areas Goal & Policies................................................................116
(1) Redevelopment Following a Disaster..........................................................117
(2) Participation in the Federal Flood Insurance Program ...........................117
(3) Protection of the Dune System and Natural Features..............................117
(4) Beach Nourishment......................................................................................117
(5) Intergovernmental Cooperation for Emergency Management ...............117
(6) Disaster Mitigation Policies.........................................................................118
(7) Reconstruction Policy..................................................................................118
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(8) Placement of Public Utilities. .................... o .................................. o ........... o ... 118
(9) Public Purchase of Land in Hazardous Locations...................................119
(10) Public Expenditure for Private Roads or Vehicular Easements .... ........ 119
(11) Citizen Participation in Planning..............................................................119
(12) Stormwater Impact - New Construction
ShouldNot Impact Residents................................................................119
(13) Maintain & Replant Native Vegetation..... ........................................... oo-119
(14) Islands of Topsail Sound, .................................................... oo ..................... 120
(E) Water Quality Goal & Policies...............................................................................120
(1) Funding for Water Quality Improvement.................................................120
(2) Malfunctioning Septic Tanks or Systems...................................................120
(3) Intergovernmental Cooperation on Water Quality..................................120
(4) Compliance with Regulations......................................................................121
(5) Preventing the Degradation of Water Quality..........................................121
(6) Local -State -Federal Regulatory Requirements.........................................121
(7) Regional Cooperation on Water Quality & Fisheries Resources ............121
(8) Surf City Will Carefully Review All Proposals
BeforeApproval or Denial....................................................................121
(9) Development in the Estuarine Shoreline....................................................122
(10) Commercial Development in the Downtown Area..................................122
(11) Support for State Regulations on Development in AEC's......................122
(12) Development in Surf City's Urban Waterfront... .................. o ........... oo .... 122
(13) Marinas in Topsail Sound.........................................................................122
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(14) Public Trust Waters...................................................................................123
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(15) Water Quality Concerns Related to Transportation
Improvements.....................................................................................................123
(16) Public Education on Water Quality Issues..............................................123
(17) Natural Vegetative Buffers........................................................................123
(18) Stormwater.................................................................................................123
(19) Preservation of Natural Areas..................................................................123
(20) Equipment to Safeguard & Improve Water Quality..............................123
(21) Control the Density of Development.........................................................123
(22) Clear Cutting of Land................................................................................124
(F) Local Areas of Concern Goal & Policies...............................................................124
(1) Working Together for Transportation Solutions......................................124
(2) Support for Travel & Tourism Activities — Summer Fest......................124
(3) Aesthetic & Public Health Concerns..........................................................125
(4) Provision of Emergency Services................................................................125
(5) Surf City Will Consider Accepting a Gift of Land....................................125
(6) Abatement of Nuisances .............................. :................................................
126
(7) Preservation of Dunes System.....................................................................126
(8) Patrolling the Beach Strand — Use of Auxiliary Police.............................126
(9) Annexation....................................................................................................126
(10) Erosion — Topsail Sound............................................................................126
(11) Preserve, Protect, and Enhance Natural Resources................................127
(12) Preserve & Protect Cultural Resources...................................................127
(13) Cooperation with State & Federal Agencies............................................127
(14) New Development Should Not Create Problems.....................................127
•
(15) Projects Proposed Should Be Consistent with Town's Goals ................128
(16) Preservation of Natural or Open Areas...................................................128
(17) Local Policy & Local Regulations Should Complement Each Other ....
128
(18) Upland Excavation for Marinas...............................................................128
(19) Enhancement of Business Opportunity ....................................................128
(20) Surf City Will Focus on Long -Term Solutions Over a Quick Fix .........
129
(21) Support for Dredging & Beach Nourishment..........................................129
(22) General Guidance on Community Growth..............................................129
(23) Protection of the Maritime Forest............................................................129
(24) Surf City Is Good for Business - Family Oriented Beach Community.129
(25) Population Growth & Growth in Designated Residential Areas ...........
129
(26) Surf City Supports the Location of a Convention Center on the
Mainland.............................................................................................................130
(27) Intergovernmental Cooperation for Enhanced Living on the Island ....
130
(28) Citizen Participation in Public Decisions.................................................130
(29) Property Owners Should Adhere to the Landscaping Ordinance .........
130
(30) Keep That Small Town Feel......................................................................131
(31) Protection of Indigenous Wildlife.............................................................131
(32) Periodic Review of Enforcement Fee Structure......................................131
(33) Surf City Will Exceed the Common Expectation....................................131

• Section 3: Future Land Use Map & Map Classification Categories...............................132
(A) The Future Land Use System.................................................................................132
(1) Island Business District/Town Center
........................................................132
(2) Urban Waterfront........................................................................................133
(3) Island Residential.........................................................................................133
(4) Conservation.................................................................................................134
(5) Mainland Business Corridor.......................................................................135
(6) Mainland Residential .......................................... :........................................ 136
(7) Mainland Transition — residential..............................................................136
(8) Government Use...........................................................................................137
(B) The Future Land Use Map.....................................................................................137
(C) Tools for Managing Development....................................................................138
(D) Land Use Plan Amendments.............................................................................138
Part 3 — Management Tools
Section 1: Introduction......................................................................................139
Section 2: Consistency of Land Use Plan Policy with Community Goals ...........................139
(A) Public Access.................................................................................140
(B) Land Use Compatibility.....................................................................140
(C) Infrastructure Carrying Capacity ........................................................141
(D) Natural Hazards Area.. .... o ........ o ..... o ........................... ___ .............. 141
• (E) Water Quality .................................................................................141
(F) Local Areas of Concern......................................................................142
Section 3: Consistency Between Land Use Plan Policy & Future Land Use Map..................142
(A) Residential & Commercial Density ......................................................142
(B) Comparing the Environmental Composite & Land Suitability Maps
with the Future Land Use Map...........................................................143
(C) Availability of Water & Sewers to Future Development ............................143
(D) Natural Hazards..............................................................................143
(E) Protecting Shellfish Waters................................................................144
(F) Policy Impact Analysis & Implementation Schedule.................................144
Appendix
— Citizen Participation Plan (Phase I).........................................................................Attachment A
— Citizen Participation Plan (Phase II)........................................................................ Attachment B
Emerging Conditions Chart...................................................................................... Attachment C
Role of the Planning Board.......................................................................................Attachment D
Surf City Strategic Plan............................................................................................ Attachment E
—Onslow County Resolution Granting LUP Creation Authority.................................Attachment F
—Pender County Resolution Granting LUP Creation Authority.................................Attachment G
Planning Board Members (mailing addresses)......................................................... Attachment H
—Key Characteristics of NC Municipal Beaches, 2000............................................... Attachment I
Transportation Plan Element..................................................................................... Attachment J
SeasonalTraffic........................................................................................................Attachment K
— Surf City Public Beach Access Points .....................................................Attachment L
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—Future Land Use Map & Map Classification Categories.................................Attachment M

Density and Development Characteristics Encouraged by the Future •
Land Use Area Designations................................................................Attachment N
Future Land Use and Classification Area Estimation of Growth and
Infrastructure Demand........................................................................Attachment O
Surf City Projection of Residential Land Needs ...........................................Attachment P
Comparison of Future Land Use Designations with Existing
Zoning Districts.................................................................................Attachment O
Surf City Permanent Population Projections 2005-2020 Table..........................Attachment R
List of Tables
—Pender County Municipal & County Population, 2001..............................................................
14
—NC Municipal Beaches — Population Growth 1990-2001..........................................................
14
—NC Municipal Beach Population, 2001......................................................................................
16
Motels& Number of Rooms, 2002............................................................................................
18
MedianAge................................................................................................................................
21
Surf City Population By Age & Sex...........................................................................................
21
SurfCity Households Income.....................................................................................................
22
Surf City Families Income..........................................................................................................
23
SurfCity Income.........................................................................................................................
24
PovertyStatus in 1999................................................................................................................
24
Surf City Housing/Units in the Structure....................................................................................
25
Number of Mobile Homes & Percentage of Total Housing Stock By Jurisdiction ....................
26
Surf City Housing/Year Structure Built.....................................................................................
SurfCity Housing/Value............................................................................................................
26 •
27
Town of Surf City Building Permits, 1992-2001.......................................................................
28
PrivilegeLicenses Issued............................................................................................................
29
SurfCity Occupation..................................................................................................................
31
Surf City Employment by Industry .............................................................................................
31
Surf City — Primary Nursery Areas............................................................................................
48
Surf City Flood Hazard Areas....................................................................................................
49
SurfCity Storm Surge Area........................................................................................................
52
Surf City — Non -Coastal Wetlands.............................................................................................
53
Surf City Wetlands — Coastal & Exceptional.............................................................................
54
Environmental Composite Categorization of Features - Surf City ..............................................57
—FEMA Flood Insurance Policies in Force (as of December 31, 2002).......................................
63
Loss Statistics (1978-2002) — Surf City - Pender County - North Carolina ...............................
63
—Damage/Loss Estimates for Surf City, NC.................................................................................
63
Surf City Existing Land Use - in Municipal Area......................................................................
66
Surf City Existing Land Use - in ETJ.........................................................................................
67
Additional Acreage Requirements — 2005/2010/2020...............................................................
72
Surf City Water Use Information...............................................................................................74
Surf City Average Day & Maximum Day Water Use by Month, 1997.....................................
74
Average Daily Wastewater Discharges, 1997 ..................... .................
......................................
76
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Maps
Primary & Secondary Fish Nursery Areas Map
Storm Surge Map
Exceptional & Coastal Wetlands Map
Conditional & Closed Shellfish Areas Map
Flood Zones Map
Significant Natural Heritage Areas & Element Occurrences Map
Wetlands Type Map
Water Quality Classification Map
Community Facilities Map
Transportation System Map
Existing Land Use Map
Land Suitability Analysis Map
Environmental Composite Map
Future Land Use Map
Surf City's 14 Land Use Plan Maps are located in the back of this document.
•
0

Tntroduction •
The coastal area of North Carolina offers residents and visitors a tremendous opportunity
to enjoy fine living and a wide variety of recreational pursuits. The abundant fish and
shellfish resources of North Carolina are apparent not only from the table at your favorite
local seafood restaurant, but also from the fighting chair of the deep sea fishing boats
which ply the Gulf Stream waters in search of large sport fish. Beautiful sandy beaches
with clear blue water beckon both the residents of Surf City and visitors alike. The
beaches and waters of North Carolina are a tremendous resource and they may be found
alongside a shoreline which is rich in history.
In recognition of both the value and the fragile nature of our coastal area's natural and
cultural resources, the United States Congress passed, in 1972, the Coastal Zone
Management Act. The State of North Carolina, which at the very early stages of the
national coastal program established itself as a leader amongst all coastal States, enacted
in 1974 the Coastal Area Management Act, which has come to be known in North
Carolina by its acronym "CAMA." The CAMA did several things. It defined North
Carolina's coastal area. Twenty coastal counties were defined as that land area over
which the developing coastal program would hold some jurisdiction. The Act created the
Coastal Resources Commission (CRC), which is a 15 member body, appointed by the
Governor, who create policy and who pass rules governing development activity in the
coastal area. The Act also created the Coastal Resources Advisory Council (CRAC),
which is a 45 member body which advises the CRC and which works as a liaison
between the Commission and local governments in the coastal area. As staff for the CRC •
the Division of Coastal Management was created to carry out the policies of the
program. The basic purpose of the Coastal Area Management Act is ...as stated in the
CAMA ... "to insure the orderly balance of use and preservation of our resources on
behalf of the people of North Carolina and the nation."
It is widely recognized that the most important aspect of the early development of the
coastal program was the planning requirement contained in the CAMA. The Coastal
Area Management Act said that each coastal County is required to have a Land Use Plan,
and furthermore, these plans were required to be updated every five years. Our work
here, on the Town of Surf City Land Use Plan, is a direct result of that requirement in the
enabling legislation. As coastal counties began to plan, coastal Towns and Cities began
to recognize the benefit of planning for themselves. The local empowerment embodied
in the Act's planning requirement showed a clear stroke of brilliance on the part of those
who crafted the legislation. This was evidenced by a slow and thoughtful change of
perception by Cities and Towns as the municipalities began to request their own
opportunity to plan for the long-range future. The booming growth of the coastal area
coupled with the planning requirement contained in the statute, brought municipal
governments an understanding of the necessity of planning for the preservation of natural
resources and a way of life. The Town of Surf City was an early leader in the recognition
of a need for land use planning.
The Town of Surf City is a progressive small Town with a group of thoughtful and
farsighted leaders. Both the elected and appointed Boards act cautiously on those
significant matters which will effect the future of the community. The Town very early •
-1-

• realized the benefits of land use planning. This is evidenced in the fact that in 1981 the
Town of Surf City created its first Land Use Plan. This effort will be the third update of
the Town's original Land Use Plan'. The Plan has been, and will continue to be, a
valuable source of community information and a guide for local leaders on policy on
those issues concerning the future growth and development of the Town.
The term "Land Use Plan" may be used interchangeably with other terms. The "Land
Use Plan" is also referred to as the "comprehensive plan" or the "general plan" or the
"master plan." The essential characteristics of the plan, which we will refer to as the
Land Use Plan or Land Use Plan Update (LUPUP), is that the plan encompasses all
geographic parts of the community and all functional and environmental elements which
bear on land use development. The plan will be long-range in the sense that it will look
beyond the foreground of current pressing and everyday development pressures and will
look to the perspective of problems and possibilities for 10 to 15 years in the future.
For planning purposes the preparation, adoption, and use of the Land Use Plan is
considered to be the primary objective of a planning program. Most other plans and
planning actions by a local government are designed, at least theoretically, to be based
upon the Land Use Plan.
With the production of this Land Use Plan Update we have looked beyond day-to-day
concerns and we have taken a thoughtful look at the Town's desired growth patterns for
future land use development activity. We have presented and analyzed available data on
• the economy, population, existing land use, land suitability, and natural resources. We
have prepared maps which describe the existing uses of land, maps which show the
suitability of area lands for development, and we have prepared a map which describes
future desired growth patterns for the municipality. It is the desire of Surf City's Town
leaders, that with this information in hand, development proposals can be examined and
the impacts of these development proposals analyzed in concert with the suitability of the
land and community facilities available to service the growth. Requested uses of land
may be viewed along side the vision of desired future growth, and the interrelationships
of the proposed development activity may be compared with existing development.
Services can also be analyzed with thought given toward the appropriateness of project
design.
Local government has a great deal of influence on how a community develops. The
buildings, facilities, and improvements provided by local government affect the daily
lives of most citizens. These same features give a form and a life to the community and
can be a stimulus or an impediment to the development of privately owned land in the
area.
The local government is inescapably involved in questions on the physical development
of land within the area of its jurisdiction. At nearly every meeting the Town Council and
' The original land use plan was created in 1981. Updates to this plan were
subsequently approved by the Town of Surf City and the NC Coastal Resources
Commission in 1987 and 1992.
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the Planning Board will make decisions concerning zoning, streets, sites for public •
buildings, or the allocations of funds for public projects of one type or another. And for
making these kinds of decisions the lay Boards of local government need technical
guidance. If the quickest and most expedient decision is taken, without forethought, local
government leaders may find they will make a decision one month only to negate the
premise of that decision next month because they are faced with another request for an
immediate decision and another quickie answer. If these type of decisions are made over
an extended period of time the local government may end up on a path that is not
consistent with the desired future of the Town. This type of circumstance may be
avoided by planning. Leaders are advised through the land use plan process to take a
proactive rather than a reactionary approach to community development.
To do this the local government needs an instrument, a plan, which will establish long-
range general policies for the physical development of the community. With a plan
decisions can be made in a coordinated and unified manner. The Land Use Plan Update
will provide the Town of Surf City with this sort of an instrument. The plan can be
continually referred to as an important source for decisions on those development issues
which arise on a regular basis. Zoning classification amendment requests, subdivision
approval, the location of roads or highways, extension of public services ..... all of these
decisions are made in a manner which best serves the public interest if some systematic
planned approach to the decision process is made. The Land Use Plan is the source
document for community land use decisions.
The creation of this most recent land use plan for the Town of Surf City began in early •
2002 with a decision by Town leaders to commit the community's economic resources
and the valuable time of citizens and staff to a process which has led to the successful
completion of this plan. Funding assistance, from the NC Division of Coastal
Management, Department of Environment & Natural Resources, was applied for and
received early in the process. This agreement to fund was important from an economic
sense but also, importantly, it created an agreement, a partnership, between the State of
North Carolina and the Town of Surf City, which, when coupled with the planning
assistance of the Cape Fear Council of Governments, has successfully driven this plan to
success.
The format of this plane follows the land use planning guidelines prepared by the NC
Division of Coastal Management and approved by the Coastal Resources Commission.
2 This plan is an Advanced Core Land Use Plan, prepared according to the
requirements of Chapter 15A of the NC Administrative Code at Subchapter 7B. •
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• How to Use the Land Use Plan
This Land Use Plan has been prepared through detailed work with the Town of Surf City
Planning Board, Town staff, and the Town Council, and according to planning guidelines
created by the State of North Carolina. The planning guidelines are important because
they give a framework for creation of the Land Use Plan. The first work on this
document was the preparation of an outline. This outline was taken directly from the
requirements of 15A NCAC 7B and became the Land Use Plan Table of Contents. Your
best source for finding specific information in this Land Use Plan is the Table of
Contents.
The Land Use Plan was created in two parts. Part One gives a summary of community
concerns and aspirations, an analysis of existing and emerging conditions, and an analysis
of natural systems and environmental conditions. Part Two gives a summary of
community goals, a detailed list of Town policies for land use development, and a future
land use map and description of each future land use category.
The Land Use Plan is designed to be used by the local government, in each case, when
they make decisions concerning land use. The policy statements in this document are
created such that when the Planning Board or Town Council is faced with a decision they
may receive some advice or counsel on the matter before them by a careful review of this
policy document. For other plan users, the document will also provide guidance on what
you may expect on decisions by Town appointed or elected Boards. Developers, as well
as those residents already well established, may have reason to consult the document for
• "how to" policy guidance or for development proposals they wish to implement or
comment upon.
•
The creators of this document have gone to extreme lengths to insure the all necessary
policy guidance for the Town of Surf City is included here. All decisions on policy were
based upon the best information available in 2002-2004. If this Land Use Plan is found
to need adjustment, the Land Use Plan amendment process, outlined in 15A NCAC 7B, is
the means by which to amend this document.
For questions concerning this Land Use Plan interested parties may call the Surf City
Town Hall at 910-328-4131.
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Section 1: Community Concerns and Aspirations •
The purpose of this land use plan section is to provide guidance and direction for plan
development on the sensitive matter of community concerns and aspirations.
(A) Significant Existing & Emerging Conditions
Significant and existing conditions have been identified through a dialogue established
with the Planning Board, through the opportunity to hear citizens through the forum of
the Planning Board's meetings, through discussions with Town staff, and in
conversations with citizens. The identification of emerging conditions, by definition, is a
never ending process. They are always popping up. The identification of, or, in some
cases, the realization of existing conditions (which is a psychologically adaptive process),
sometimes happens in ways which may surprise those who are long-term residents or
regular visitors. The conditions or issues we are interested in here are those growth
related conditions which influence land use, development, water quality (and other
environmental concerns), as well as quality of life issues in the planning area.
The following significant existing and emerging conditions, or trends, have been
identified as a part of the land use planning process in Surf City.
■ -More year round residents are moving into Surf City. The municipality is
trending towards becoming both a resort and a bedroom community.
■ -People are moving into all areas of the municipality (island/ETJ/mainland) not
just the island.
■ -The new residents are believed to be more affluent.
■ -Growth is happening at a rapid pace. It needs to be controlled ... not stopped. •
The community doesn't really want to stop the growth.
■ -Surf City is getting bigger units on existing lots, more duplexes, triplexes, and
bigger houses.
■ -Through redevelopment the older smaller island or waterfront units will go.
Smaller units will be moving off the island.
■ -It is believed the island areas are not where future manufactured home location
will occur. This is believed to be a function of economics. Modular and
manufactured home development will continue on the mainland.
■ -There is little possibility for heavy industry in the area between Holly Ridge and
Surf City. This area is environmentally sensitive ... there's lots of wetlands out
there. Small or light manufacturing would be desirable.
■ -Small tourist oriented businesses are seen as appropriate for the island. Intense
retail development is seen as likely to occur off island in the mainland area of
Surf City.
■ -There is large undeveloped acreage in the mainland area. Development of this
area could, quite literally, change the town character forever. Decisions made
concerning mainland development are extremely important.
■ -Vacant land in Surf City is selling and developing fast. This trend is also true for
the Surf City ETJ.
■ -The recently approved landscaping ordinance is going to have a major impact on
the look and feel of the entire Surf City planning area.
•
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•
in C-1/downtown
■
-Single family houses are incompatible with existing uses the
area. The conflicting uses are currently living together in an uneasy truce. This
needs a fix.
■
-The Planning Board strongly feels we will need a policy to decrease stormwater
runoff. This is seen as a big issue for Surf City.
■
-Traffic is a big issue for Surf City. The Planning Board is not currently looking
at traffic as an impact to the city when considering development proposals.
■
-Planning Board members believe there may be some aquaculture type business
(fish, oyster farming, etc.) in the ETJ. The traditional old guys who made a living
from oyster farming in the area are gone.
■
-The water quality in banks channel is believed to be very good.
■
-There is believed to be no timber company land in the area east of HWY 17.
■
-Holly Ridge is not as affluent as Surf City and has suffered some economic
setbacks recently with industry closure and cutbacks.
■
-The relationship with other area municipalities is good. The relationship with the
County is getting better all the time.
■
-The Planning Board thinks the town/area is feeling the current economic pinch
like everybody else (nationwide & NC).
■
-The Planning Board sees real estate investors moving into Surf City. People are
believed to be pulling dollars out of the market and sinking it into real estate.
■
-Camp Lejeune's nearby location is felt to be positive and gives Surf City an
increase in the use of rental property.
■
-Base location gives Surf City residents a feeling of safety (national security).
• ■
-Water capacity is a current issue. The town is currently working on it ... pressure
for fire, etc. A new water tower is being built and a new well is being installed on
the mainland.
■
-Parking is seen as a problem... especially during the warm weather summer
months.
■
-There is a future possibility of ferries from the mainland carrying people over to
the beach.
■
-Public transportation is possible as a means of resolving or lessening a traffic
problem. Solutions discussed include: carrying people along the island, carrying
people to the beach from the mainland (from hotels and from park and ride lots).
■
-Geography issue: it has been said there isn't enough depth to allow a lot of ocean
front development in Surf City.
■
-The Town wants to encourage a mix of land uses. It is also true, again, they are
cognizant of the problem in the downtown area and see this as not the type of mix
they want.
■
-The swing bridge must be repaired.
■
-Upgrades are needed to the town street pattern.
■
-The Surf City layout of streets is "weird" (offsets, etc) and has led to traffic
problems.
■
-Turn lanes are needed at stoplight.
■
-Turn lanes needed for businesses.
■
-The Planning Board is concerned about getting people on the island but also
about what happens when they get there. No place to park ... the clogging up of
0

traffic arteries ... peak season grid lock ... all are seen as possible, at some point in •
the not too distant future, without some relief.
■ -The Town needs sidewalks for day trippers and others who will walk to the store
or beach.
■ -Bike trails are needed.
■ -Surf City's heritage connects them to the water. They don't want to lose this
cultural/historic connection. Mooring buoys in the water (for transients and long-
term use is seen as possible).
■ -Public accessways are important community features and add value to the Town.
■ -The Police Dept is doing a good job.
■ -The Fire Dept is doing a good job.
■ -Each municipality on the island has their own police and fire.
■ -There are no complaints about rescue services. Service is believed to be
adequate.
■ -In summary, of all conversations of existing and emerging conditions, the single
issue upon which people spent the most time, was transportation.
■-Stormwater runoff is seen as a very important issue. Even with current water
quality thought to be "good," people are still thinking ahead about this issue ...
which is also good.
■ -Low income housing may need to be to be provided in Surf City. Minimum
house and lot size may need to be considered in concert with this need.
(B) Key Issues3
Issues identification is a continuing process for local governments. As a part of the •
process in the creation of this land use plan a Planning Board and citizen brainstorming
session to identify issues and assets was held on October 24, 2002. The resulting list of
key issues is as follows:
• Transportation/Traffic
• Economic Development
• Water
• Sewer
• Parking
• Intense commercial development should be kept on the mainland
• Preservation of green space (including maritime forest)
• Beautification/Aesthetics
• Non -beach type recreation opportunities are needed
• Stormwater runoff
• Redevelopment of existing structures (particularly in commercial areas)
• Intergovernmental coordination and cooperation
• Services consolidation
3 Issues are identified as problems or things the Town needs to do something
about within the 10 year planning horizon period for the land use plan. Issues are
presented here in the order they were discussed/brought up at the Board meeting on
October 24, 2002. This should in no way be considered a "final" list. It would more
accurate to characterize this as a first list. •
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• . Hurricane preparedness/evacuation
• Mixed land use (joint uses of property/home occupations)
• Beach preservation/nourishment
• Public beach access
• Public safety
• Family oriented beach community
• Code enforcement
• Pedestrian friendly community
• Waterfront control consistent with CAMA regulations (acquire more land and
enhance what we've got)
• Boat mooring areas are needed
• Water supply — storage and protection
• Taxes are forcing people with a fixed income off the island
• Incremental growth of town boundary (municipal land area is increasing)
• Preservation of historic identity
• Avoid unattractive over building
• Transition from a resort community to a resortibedroom community
The "key issues" were subsequently prioritized by a vote of the Planning Board. The
issues are shown again below, in the order of their determined priority.
-Transportation/Traffic
•
-Stormwater runoff
-Parking
-Beach preservation/nourishment
-Preservation of green space (including maritime forest)
-Water
-Beautification/Aesthetics
-Family oriented beach community
-Code enforcement
-Water supply — storage and protection
-Incremental growth of town boundary (municipal land area is increasing)
-Economic Development
-Sewer
-Intense commercial development should be kept on the mainland
-Public beach access
-Avoid unattractive over building
-Transition from a resort community to a resort/bedroom community
-Non-beach type recreation opportunities are needed
-Intergovernmental coordination and cooperation
-Redevelopment of existing structures (particularly in commercial areas)
-Public safety
-Pedestrian friendly community
-Waterfront control consistent with CAMA regulations (acquire more land and
enhance what we've got)
-Boat mooring areas are needed
•
-Taxes are forcing people with a fixed income off the island
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-Services consolidation •
-Hurricane preparedness/evacuation
-Mixed land use (joint uses of property/home occupations)
-Preservation of historic identity
The identification of, and proactive response to, issues arising in Surf City is an ongoing
process.
(C) Community Vision
The Town of Surf City's vision statement was prepared through a facilitated process with
the Town's Planning Board acting as the principal responsible board. The Planning
Board approved the "vision" for submittal to the Town Council on November 19, 2002.
The Town Council subsequently endorsed the vision statement on December 3, 2002.
The vision statement is important feature of the land use plan because it gives a clear
description on how the area will look in the future. In preparing the "vision" participants
were directed to consider the community's driving forces, priority issues, and citizen
values and aspirations. The "vision" depicts in words and images what the local
government is seeking to become. The results are shown below. The reader should
understand this "vision" was written to describe the current situation in Surf City in 15
years. The present tense is therefore used to describe circumstances which have not yet
come to pass but which are desired.
Town of Surf City Vision Statement •
Economy
The economy of this community, which serves as both a resort and a bedroom
community for the surrounding area, is diverse and balanced serving the needs of
both visitors and residents. Surf City is a destination known for its diverse shopping
experiences and for its quiet, secluded residential and natural areas.
The economic environment in Surf City is a nurturing and fertile mix of seasonal and
tourist type services and also serves a healthy and still growing resident population.
People of all socioeconomic status are welcome to live, work, invest, and play in Surf
City. Retail outlets on the mainland provide a premier regional shopping experience for
residents and visitors. All citizens are employed to their full potential. Our median
household income is the highest of any municipality in southeastern North Carolina and
well exceeds the national average.
The growth of Surf City has been reinforced by improved infrastructure and a strict
adherence to our land use plan and our code of ordinances. We are the premiere resort
beach community in southeastern North Carolina.
Livability
The vitality of our economy is directly linked to the quality of our community life.
Parks and recreation, environment, education, and the arts are top priorities for Surf City.
We have an abundance of public parks and green spaces in which our residents and •
M]:

• visitors may relax or play. Public access to the ocean and Topsail sound beaches is easily
available and is free to the public. Our extensive network of safe bike trails and
sidewalks connects us to the mainland and to our neighboring island municipalities. The
municipal marina is a favorite spot for visitors wishing to rent a boat and go fishing or to
just view and enjoy our maritime heritage.
Each year our citizens, and many thousands of visitors from across the state and nation,
attend the Surf City spring festival. The Surf City triathalon associated with this event
has become a mecca for the nation's elite competitors. Area residents are also strongly
represented in this competition. During the spring festival the downtown Surf City area
is a focal point and a favorite choice for residents and visitors who enjoy wandering
amongst entertainers, artists, and vendors. As a year-round amenity, our community
center serves double duty as a conference center at the beach for upstate businesses
looking for a place to retreat, or hold a meeting, and as a well designed true community
center for our area residents.
Education
Pender County schools are national models with a broad student mix and the lowest drop-
out rate in North Carolina. Compensation for teachers and modern, state of the art,
equipment and conditions make Pender County schools a top choice for the best teachers
and educators in North Carolina. Internships in all work sectors (including public
administration) are provided for top high school and college students. The Surf City
branch of the Pender County public library system provides an interesting and attractive
• recreational alternative to beach residents and visitors. The eastern Pender County
satellite campus for Cape Fear Community College, located in the mainland area of Surf
City, is providing significant new, challenging, interesting, and important learning
opportunities for interested persons of all ages.
•
Environment
Surf City has a reputation for a beautiful, wide, well maintained beach which is re -
nourished every four years through a regular program of work established cooperatively
by the Town of Surf City, the state of North Carolina, and the U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers. The beach front serves as a beautiful natural amenity and is recognized as a
recreational asset for all and as a means of protection from the storm surge of the
occasional hurricane or northeaster.
The proximity of the water, the preservation of wetlands areas, the system of parks,
public accessways, and existing bicycle trails and sidewalks all serve to give residents
and visitors a feeling of being one with nature at Surf City. As a practical matter,
imaginative zoning regulations and creative subdivision design, along with strong local
support for enforcement when necessary, and an adherence to state and federal rules and
regulations as a matter of course, have all made water quality in the waters in and around
Surf City of exceptionally good quality. Surf City is a beautiful place and has a clean
environment in which to live.
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Appearance •
Beautification is one of this municipality's top priorities. Clean beaches and clean
beautiful corridors lead into the Town of Surf City. Streets, roadways, signs,
landscaping, construction projects, and all other visible features of commerce,
transportation, and the like, are all kept in a well maintained condition. Municipal
facilities such as parks, town hall, police, fire, public accessways and the like, are all kept
in impeccable condition. Municipal ordinance height restrictions have given the
community a low profile and residential, low density, feel. Underground utility lines
enhance all major transportation arteries and residential areas. When it comes to putting
its best face on for the world, beauty is as beauty does, and Surf City does it better.
Tnfractrnehire
Our infrastructure binds all of our working components into a smoothly and safely
functioning whole.
Water, Sewer, and Drainage
A water and sewer service second to none is available to all developed and developable
areas throughout Surf City and its extraterritorial area. An abundance of clean, pure
water is there for our needs. Surf City's municipal water wells on the mainland serve a
regional system, owned by the municipality, which includes service to Topsail Beach and
Pender County. Antiquated water lines have all been replaced and water pressure
throughout the system is excellent for home, business, industrial, and emergency services
purposes. •
A municipally owned regional sewer system is in place serving the entirety of Topsail
Island. A state of the art sanitary sewerage disposal system is located in Onslow County,
outside of the Surf City extraterritorial area, with excess capacity for anticipated/planned
growth.
Our vital heritage of a strong connection with the waters in and around the island has
been greatly improved through a filtered drainage system for stormwater runoff. Our
water quality is excellent. Surf City always considers the implications of development
projects to the environment prior to ordinance modification or the granting of subdivision
approval.
Highways and Transportation
Long-range planning coupled with adequate state and local funding for roads has given
Surf City an enviable system of well maintained roads. The four lane (high rise or draw)
bridge from the mainland portion of the city allows traffic to flow to and from the barrier
island at all times in a smooth and regular fashion. Due to a well designed traffic system,
accidents rates within the town of Surf City's jurisdiction are low. Surf City cooperates
with other regional municipalities and Counties in the RPO (Rural Transportation
Planning Organization). This administrative entity has proven to be an effective means
of communication with other area governments and with state and federal transportation
officials. Surf City considers good transportation as a basic infrastructure item and, as
with other services, provides only the best for residents and visitors. Transportation
considerations and concerns in Surf City are comprehensive and include easy access for •
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• all residents to roads, bike trails and sidewalks, public beach access areas, public
transportation, and, as regional transportation services, both rail and air travel are
conveniently located nearby.
The Surf City comprehensive transportation system is in place and working well to serve
all residents and visitors.
Services
U.S. mail service is efficiently handled in a conveniently located post office on the island
within the Town of Surf City. Adequate and convenient parking for users of this facility
is available. Dependable police, fire, and emergency medical service are a phone call
away for residents and businesses throughout Surf City and Pender County. A 24 hour a
day urgent care facility offering comprehensive medical services is located in the Town
of Surf City. A regional health system, with rescue services, is on line around the
County, around the clock.
Community
Municipalities and Counties have forged their common goals into a single alloy. A
sense of unity and purpose prevails.
As a result of our outstanding commitment to community we are perceived as one of the
top places to live on the North Carolina coast. Our choices of enduring quality for the
. community have made the community marketable and have established a strong, agreed
upon, identity.
Strong neighborhood associations, working in collaboration with local government, give
real meaning to the concept of effective citizen participation in Surf City and Pender
County. All people and points of view are considered in community decisions, regardless
of race, gender, national origin, or social status. Whether in business, professions, or in
community leadership our citizens realize: We are many. We are one.
Government
Cooperation is not the exception but the rule amongst all area governing units.
Cooperative decisions amongst area municipalities have allowed for the orderly, safe, and
environmentally friendly growth of residential and commercial properties. This
cooperation has been especially important on regional transportation issues, public safety,
beach nourishment, recreation, and the safe and sanitary provision of water and sewer
services. Surf City is in an enviable position as the geographic center of a group of
proactive municipalities growing in a responsive and cooperative County in an orderly
manner.
Surf City is well known for a proactive and quick response to the hint of an emerging
problem in the area of public affairs. Regular joint forums of area local government
leaders and citizens have proven an effective means of issue identification and
recommended resolutions. Cooperation in government is given a high priority by all.
• This is especially true at Surf City. Excellent leadership, from both the Town Council
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and a great Planning Board, are instrumental in the notable successes enjoyed at Surf •
City.
Alternative revenue sources for local government have helped to diversify the local tax
structure, which is considered to be one of the fairest and most equitable in North
Carolina. Both city and County residents share equitably in the cost of government
services at Surf City.
Region
The citizens and elected officials in Surf City recognize and appreciate the fact that the
entire region has needs. Thinking, planning, and sharing helps us to properly address
infrastructure needs and to provide other government services. Working together with
other area local governments, with Cape Fear Council of Governments as the lead
regional agency, has proven an effective means of anticipating and resolving issues, thus
avoiding common problems and allowing those issues which do arise to be dealt with in a
proactive and an effective way.
Participation in Government
Dialogue between the public and private sectors is positive and on -going. We have
eighty percent of eligible citizens registered to vote and seventy percent of those
registered actually voting. Our local government, with open and effective
communication as a core value, attracts the best leaders from amongst us.
Leadership •
We have a shared vision of what is possible for our community. A unified approach
and commitment to this vision will allow our vision to be realized.
An informed electorate has brought tough but fair-minded leaders into office. As a result,
their decisions are proactive rather than reactive and bring benefit to the entire
community. Priorities have meaning, and implementation takes place through a creative
and progressive approach to getting the job done right the first time.
Surf City understands the responsibility of local government to patiently and carefully
listen to all citizens and to bring diversity to solutions.
We anticipate the challenges of today with a clear minded view of tomorrow. We will
accept no less than the best for our city, for each of us, and for all of us.
The Town of Surf City's vision statement is far reaching and encompasses an overall
view of the community. The "vision" has strong support amongst community leaders.
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•
•
Section 2: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions
The purpose of this plan section is to provide the sound factual
and analytical base necessary to support the land use and
development policies in the land use plan.
(A) Population
(1) Current Permanent Population Estimates4
According to the most recent information available (July 2001)5,
the current permanent population for the Town of Surf City is
1,423. The U.S. Census Bureau count in 2000 gave the
population of Surf City as 1,393. The percentage growth rate
over the last year was therefore 2.1%. In real numbers, the
growth in the number of persons residing in Surf City was 30
persons 6 From a population growth/statistical point of view, a
municipal growth rate of 3% is considered a high rate of growth.
Pender Municipality &
County Population, 2001
Atkinson = 237
Burgaw = 3,375
St. Helena = 402
Surf City =1,423
Topsail Beach = 481
Wallace = 18
Watha = 153
Pender County = 42,051
Onslow County=148,454
The number of persons per household in the Pender County portion of Surf City is
2.0389. In the Onslow County portion of Surf City there are 1.9597 persons per
household.
The comparable growth of Surf City versus other southeastern North Carolina beach
communities can be seen in the following table.
NC Municipal Beaches -- Population Growth 1990-2001'
Municipality
1990
Population
2001
Population
Percentage
Growth,1990-01
Percentage Growth
(Ave Yearly),1990-
01
Sunset Beach
311
1,849
494%
44.9%
Ocean Isle Beach
523
441
15.6%
1.4%
Holden Beach
626
819
30.8%
2.8%
Oak Island
4,550
6,898
51.6%
4.6%
Caswell Beach
175
392
124%
11.2%
Bald Head Island
78
184
135%
12.2%
4 Estimates of the July 1, 2001 permanent resident population of each of North
Carolina's 543 active, incorporated municipalities within boundaries as of July 1, 2001
were released in September of 2002. These estimates were based, in part, upon July 1,
2001 population estimates for North Carolina and each of its 100 counties which were
released in August of 2002.
5 This population estimate is from the NC State Data Center, July 2001. State
Data Center estimates are based on the U.S. Census Bureau count in 2000.
6 An estimated growth in the Pender County area of Surf City (33 persons) and an
estimated decline in the Onslow County area of Surf City (-3 persons) gives a net effect
of 30 additional persons.
7 U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, 2000. NC State Data
• Center, 2001.
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Kure Beach
619
1,573
154%
14%
Carolina Beach
3,630
5,225
43.9%
3.9%
Wrightsville Beach
2,937
2,604
11.3%
10/0
Topsail Beach
346
481
39%
3.5%
Surf City
970
1,423
46.7%
4.2%
North Topsail Beach
947
833
12%
1%
Emerald Isle
2,434
3,538
45.3%
4.1%
Indian Beach
153
93
39.2%
3.6%
Pine Knoll Shores
1,360
1,529
12.4%
1.1%
Atlantic Beach
1,938
1,777
8.3%
.75%
Nags Head
1,838
2,801
52.3%
4.7%
Kill Devil Hills
4,238
6,122
44.4%
4%
Kitty Hawk
1,937
2,991
54.4%
4.9%
Southern Shores
1,447
2,201
52.1%
4.7%
Duck
10
1459
1 N/A
I N/A
Four NC beach municipalities had declining populations between 1990 and 20018. One
barrier island beach community was created during this same period of time and thus has
no comparable growth statistics to offer.
•
For the period from 1990 through 2001, the permanent population of Surf City grew by
46.7%. This represents a straight line growth over the past eleven years of 4.2% per year.
Of the 21 total barrier island beach municipalities, stretching nearly 300 miles along the •
North Carolina coast, Surf City ranked ninth in population growth. As with a number of
the other beach communities in North Carolina, Surf City's permanent population growth
was partially on the mainland and partially due to annexation.
8 These municipalities are Ocean Isle Beach (Brunswick County), Wrightsville
Beach (New Hanover County), North Topsail Beach (Onslow County), and Atlantic
Beach (Carteret County). •
-15-

• The table below ranks population in Surf City as compared to the other municipal beach
communities in North Carolina. This table also give a total for NC, Onslow County, and
Pender County.
0
NC Municipal Beach Population, 20019
Municipality
2001 Population
Southern Shores
2,292
Kitty Hawk
3,116
Kill Devil Hills
6,122
Na s Head
2,801
Atlantic Beach
1,777
Pine Knoll Shores
1,529
Indian Beach
93
Emerald Isle
3,538
North Topsail Beach
833
Surf City
1,423
Topsail Beach
481
Wrightsville Beach
2,604
Carolina Beach
5,225
Kure Beach
1,573
Bald Head Island
184
Caswell Beach
392
Oak Island
6,898
Holden Beach
819
Ocean Isle Beach
441
Sunset Beach
1,849
Pender County
42,051
Onslow County
148 454
North Carolina
8,188,008
NC Municipal Beach Average Pop
2,199.5
TO NC Municip Beach Residents/NC %
43,990/.537%
Surf City Municipal Beach Rank by Pop
13th of 20
Total # NC Municipalities /% Beach
20 of 543 = 3.68%
Surf City's extraterritorial jurisdiction area is also growing in population. This area, very
likely, will one day be annexed and counted as a part of the permanent population at Surf
City.
9 NC State Data Center, 2001. The recently incorporated municipality of Duck, in
Dare County, was not included as a part of the 2000 U.S. Department of Commerce,
Bureau of the Census, survey. As a result, they are not included here. The 2001
• estimated population for Duck is 459 persons.
-16-

(2) Current Seasonal Population Estimates •
The seasonal population of a resort area municipality such as Surf City is composed of
two components. These components are: (1) permanent population — these are the
people who usually reside in the planning area, and those people who are also frequently
referred to as the year `round residents; (2) seasonal population — these are the people
who are temporary residents of the planning area (including tourists and vacationers), but
who usually reside in another location. Another term to understand, which is related to
seasonal population, is peak population, which is the permanent population plus the
seasonal population on a peak vacation week during the summer season. To give an
estimate on seasonal population and peak population we must make some assumptions
and assign some numbers, based on experience with the habits of beach visitors, and,
especially, with the habits of those visitors to Surf City.
It has been determined by the NC State Data Center, based on the 2000 Census that there
were 1,423 permanent residents of Surf City in 2001. According to the 2000 U.S. Census
and the number of permits issued for residential construction during 2001, as determined
by the Surf City Planning Department, there were 2,692 housing units in Surf City in
2001. If we assume the same percentage occupancy rate for 2001 as the U.S. Bureau of
the Census found in 2000, which was 27%, we have 726 housing units occupied by
permanent residents in 2001. This gives 1,968 housing units occupied seasonally.
The number of persons per housing unit in Surf City, in 2001, based on permanent
population (1,423 divided by 726), is 1.96. For purposes of figuring seasonal peak •
population we will add one additional person per residence, so ... we have 2.96 persons
per housing unit for the calculation of the seasonal peak. A standard number, frequently
used, for the number of occupants in a vacation cottage is 6.5 persons per unit. A low
figure for the seasonal population based solely on housing units would be equal to the
permanent population (1,423) plus the additional 1 person per unit (726), plus vacation
cottage rental (6.5 multiplied by 1,968 = 12,792) gives a total of 14,941 persons.
•
-17-

• The table below lists the number of motels in Surf City and the number of rooms at each
motel.
Motels & Number of Rooms, 200210
Name of Motel
Number of Rooms
Blizzard's Rooms & Apartments
6
Blue Roof Inn
6
Island Inn
20
Loggerhead Inn
37
Pink Palace
3
Sea Star Motel
23
Shorehaven Inn
8
Surfside Motel
13
Tiffany's Motel
28
Williamsons Rooms & Apartments
6
Parker Rentals
3
TOTAL
1142
A standard number, frequently used, for the number of beach visitors occupying a motel
unit is 3.5 persons. When all units are occupied, the additional number of people
straining the municipal infrastructure and support systems is 497.
• The estimated 2001 seasonal population at Surf City is 15,438 personsll.
This figure does not include day trippers. This is a particularly difficult population
element upon which to get a count. The average daily traffic on the causeway leading
across the Surf City bridge in 2001 was 8,400. A portion of this traffic was going to
Topsail Beach and North Topsail Beach. No break-out for seasonal peak days (Memorial
Day, Fourth of July, or Labor Day) was given as a part of this NC Department of
Transportation count.
10 This information was gathered by the Town of Surf City Planning &
Inspections Department.
11 This figure is composed of the following: 1,423 (permanent population), 726
(additional one person per permanently occupied housing unit), 12,792 (vacation cottage
• rental), 497 (motel occupancy)=15,438.
-18-

(3) Permanent Population Growth Trends is
Surf City 1990 = 653 (Pender County part) plus 317 (Onslow County part) = 970
Surf City 2001 =1,134 (Pender County part) plus 289 (Onslow County part) = 1,423
Surf City had a 46.7% growth rate between 1990 and 2001. The annualized growth rate
is 4.2%.
Pender Co 1990 = 28,855
Pender Co 2001= 42,051
Pender Co had a 45.7% growth rate between 1990 and 2001. That's 4.1% annualized
rate.
Onslow Co 1990 = 149,838
Onslow County 2001 = 148,454
Onslow County has a negative growth rate between 1990 and 2001. This incidence is
believed to have occurred as a result of troop movements associated with Camp Lejeune
and is believed to be an anomaly.
Region O (Brunswick, Columbus, New Hanover, Pender) 1990 = 249,711
Region O (Brunswick, Columbus, New Hanover, Pender) 2001 = 337,611
Region O had a 35% growth rate between 1990 and 2001.
NC 1990 = 6,632,448
NC 2001 = 8,188,008
NC had a 23% growth rate between 1990 and 2001.
(4) Key Population Characteristics12
Surf City is a mix of the old and the new. The newcomers, affluent and mobile, are
balanced out by the long-term residents of this former rural fishing community. This is
an exciting and interesting mix. Retirees are choosing to settle here in large numbers.
Baby boomers, some soon to retire and others with years of gainful employment ahead of
them are also settling in ... using Surf City as their residence while one or both spouses
may be working in either Wilmington or Jacksonville. Another key component of the
current situation in Surf City, a component which reflects on the economy in 2001, is that
people are investing in real property/real estate. After suffering the losses of the last few
years in the markets, people are rediscovering the benefits and security of owning real
estate.
Key characteristics of the Town's population are shown below. For comparative
purposes the Pender County, Onslow County, and (in most cases) the North Carolina
figure is also mentioned.
• Surf City's population increased from 1980 (390) to 2001 (1,423 ) by 365%.
• Surf City's population increased from 1990 (970) to 2001 (1,423) by 46.7%.
12 Data is from the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, 2000,
and the NC State Data Center, 2001. •
-19-

• • Pender County population increased from 1980 (22,262) to 2001 (42,051) by
88.9%.
• Pender County population increased from 1990 (28,855) to 2001 (42,051) by
45.7%.
• North Carolina population increased from 1990 (6,632,448) to 2001 (8,188,008)
by 23.4%. The total number of NC housing units increased from 1990 to 2000 by
21 %.
• The population in Surf City is 50.5% male & 49.5% female.
• The population in Pender County is 50.3% male & 49.7% female.
• The population in North Carolina is 49% male & 51% female.
• Occupied housing units:
■ Surf City — 26.7%
■ Pender County — 77.2%
■ Onslow Count — 86.4%
■ North Carolina — 88.9%
• Percentage attaining high school graduation:
■ Surf City — 90.5%
■ Pender County — 76.8%
■ Onslow County — 84.3%
• ■ North Carolina— 78.1%
• Highest percentage occupation:
■ Surf City — Management, professional, and related occupations —
39.2%
■ Pender County — Sales and office occupations — 24.3%
■ Onslow County — Sales and office occupations — 28.0%
■ North Carolina — Management, professional, and related
occupations —31.2%
• Per capita income:
■ Surf City — $25,242
■ Pender County — $17,882
■ Onslow County — $14,853
■ North Carolina — $20,307
• Median household/family income:
■ Surf City — $40,521/$48,854
■ Pender County— $35,902/$41,633
■ Onslow County — $33,756/$36,693
■ North Carolina13 — $39,184/$46,335
13 Median family income was highest in Wake County ($67,149), Mecklenburg
• ($60,608), and Orange ($59,874) and lowest in Bertie ($30,186) and Hertford ($32,002).
-20-

• Median rent:
■ Surf City - $651
■ Pender County - $491
■ Onslow County - $518
■ North Carolina - $548
• Percent of population in mobile homes:
■ Surf City - 28.5%
■ Pender County - 35.2%
■ Onslow County - 24.4%
■ North Carolina -16.4%
(5) Age of Population
The median age 14 of the population at Surf City is 48.1 years.
Median Age1s
Surf City = 48.1 years
North Topsail Beach = 45.1 years
Topsail Beach = 55.6 years
Holly Ridge = 32.9 years
Pender County = 38.8 years
Onslow County = 25.0 years
The U.S. Census Bureau gives additional information on the breakdown of the population
by age and sex.
Surf City Population By Age & Sex16
Age
Both Sexes
Male # - %
Female # - %
Under
35-2.5
16-2.3
19-2.8
5to9
41-2.9
15-2.1
26-3.8
10to 14
60-4.3
32-4.5
28-4.1
15to17
39-2.8
18-2.6
21-3.0
18to19
24-1.7
15-2.1
9-1.3
20
12-0.9
6-0.9
6-0.9
21
8-0.6
6-0.9
2-0.3
22 to 24
42
- 3.0
26
- 3.7
16
- 2.3
•
•
14 The median age indicates one half the population is older and one half the
population is younger than the figure given.
15 U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, 2000. •
16 U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, 2000.
-21-

•
25to29
82-5.9
44-6.3
38-5.5
30to34
76-5.5
36-5.1
40-5.8
35to39
76-5.5
37-5.3
39-5.7
40to44
120-8.6
64-9.1
56-8.1
45to49
131-9.4
70-9.9
61-8.9
50to54
136-9.8
65-9.2
71-10.3
55to59
140-10.1
72-10.2
68-9.9
60 and 61
59 -
4.2
28 -
4.0
31-
4.5
62to64
85-6.1
36-5.1
49-7.1
64to66
36-2.6
17-2.4
19-2.8
67 to 69
59 -
4.2
28 -
4.0
31-
4.5
70to74
72-5.2
44-6.3
28-4.1
75 to 79
31 -2.2
17-2.4
14-2.0
80to84
19-1.4
12-1.7
7-1.0
85 and over
10 -
0.7
0 -
0.0
10 -1.5
Total 65 & over
227
-16.3
118
-16.8
109
-15.8
Median Age
48.1
47.6
49.0
(6) Income
The latest information on the income of persons in Surf City was gathered by the U.S.
Bureau of the Census in the year 2000. The income information requested was therefore
• gathered from the previous year. Consequently, the latest information available is for
calendar year 1999.
Household income for 1999 in Surf City is shown below17.
Surf City Households18 Income - 691 total =100%
Less than $10,000 - 52 = 7.5%
$10,000 to $14,999 - 43 = 6.2%
$15,000 to $24,999 - 93 = 13.5%
$25,000 to $34,999 - 89 = 12.9%
$35,000 to $49,999 -153 = 22.1%
$50,000 to $74,999 -106 = 15.3%
$75,000 to $99,999 - 79 = 11.4%
$100,000 to $149,999 - 45 = 6.5%
$150,000 to $199,999 -17 = 2.5%
$200,000 or more -14 = 2%
17 Income figures are reported as received from the U.S. Department of
Commerce, Bureau of the Census, 2000.
18 According to the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, 2000,
• the average household size in Surf City is 2.02 persons.
-22-

In the Town of Surf City the median household income in 1999 was $40,521. This is a •
higher median household income than found in Pender County ($35,902) or Onslow
County ($33,756) as a whole or statewide/in North Carolina ($39,184). The number of
Surf City households with income was 535. The mean earnings of households with
income in Surf City in 1999 was $46,640. The mean earnings of households with income
in Pender County was a bit lower at $44,365. And lower still in Onslow County at
$38,848. The mean earnings of households with income in North Carolina in 1999 was
$50,814. The number of households in Surf City with social security income is 216. The
average amount of social security income per household was $11,767. The number of
households in the Town of Surf City with public assistance income was 12 (1.7%). The
average amount of public assistance income was $2,467. The number of Surf City
households with retirement income was 158. The average amount of retirement income
received per household was $21,068. In Pender County the mean retirement income is
$19,671. In Onslow County the mean retirement income was $15,806. In all of North
Carolina the mean retirement income reported was $16,831.
Family income in Surf City for 1999 is shown below.
Surf City Families19
Income — 403 total =100%
Less than $10,000 —
22 = 5.5%
$10,000 to $14,999 —15
= 3.7%
$15,000 to $24,999 —
35 = 8.7%
$25,000 to $34,999 —
46 = 11.4%
$35,000 to $49,999 —
89 = 22.1%
$50,000 to $74,999 —
66 = 16.4%
$75,000 to $99,999 —
73 = 18.1%
$100,000 to $149,999
— 39 = 9.7%
$150,000 to $199,999
— 9 = 2.2%
$200,000 or more — 9 = 2.2%
The median family income in the Town of Surf City in 1999 was $48,854. The median
family income for Pender County during the same time period was $41,633. For Onslow
County the median family income was $36,692. The statewide median family income in
1999 was $46,335. The 1999 per capita income in the Town of Surf City was $25,242.
The per capita income for Pender County was $17,882. The per capita income for
Onslow County was $14,853. For all of North Carolina the per capita income for 1999
was $20,307. The median earnings for male full-time year-round employees in 1999 was
$36,600. The median earnings for female full-time year-round employees was $30,000.
•
19 According to the U.S. Dept of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, 2000, the •
average family size in Surf City is 2.51 persons.
- 23 -

•
Surf City Income201989
1999
Percent Growth
Median Income By Households
$29,342
$40,521 38%
Median Income By Families
$31,905
$48,854 53.1%
Per capita Income
$18,552
$25,242 36%
The table above, Surf City Income, shows incomes are growing in Surf City. The Town
of Surf City is becoming more affluent. An affluent population is more able to buy or
invest in real estate or luxury or comfort items.
This affluence gives credibility to the
idea that now may be a good
time to invest in Surf
City.
Pove 4 Status in 199V2
Surf Cily
Pender County
North Carolina
Numbe 3 - Percent Percent
Percent
Families
40 - 9.9%
9.5%
9.0%
Families w/ related children
33 - 27%
14.6%
13.3%
under 18 years
Families w/ related children
17 - 36.2%
16.4%
16.5%
under 5 years
Families w/ female
21 - 46.7%
28%
27.4%
householder, w/ no
husband present
With related children
21 - 70%
35.9%
34.3%
under 18 years
With related children
• under 5 years
10 - 100%
44.7%
45.9%
Individuals
221 - 15.4%
13.6%
12.3%
18 years and over
117 - 9.8%
12.0%
11.0%
65 years and over
9 - 3.9%
14.4%
13.2%
As measured according to the percentage of female householders in poverty, with no
husband present, Surf City ranks high. Surf City ranks in the same general range as both
Pender and Onslow County (10.8%) and the rest of the State on the number of families in
poverty (as a percentage), however, more of these families in Surf City have children
than on average in either Pender County or Statewide.
20 Information gathered from U.S. Dept of Commerce, Bureau of the Census,
1990 & 2000.
21 Poverty is based on income, household size and relationship. Income
considered for determining poverty is money income before taxes. Capital gains and
noncash benefits, such as food stamps or medicaid, are not counted as income. The
population considered for determining poverty is not the total population of an area.
Persons living in group quarters, such as military barracks, college dorms, or long-term
health care facilities, are not considered when determining poverty. Unrelated persons
under the age of 15 in a household, such as foster children, are also not considered when
determining poverty.
22 U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, 2000
• 23 Indicates the number below the poverty level in each category.
-24-

For the year 1999, the Town of Surf City ranks above the entirety of Pender County,
Onslow County, and above the State in per capita income, median household income, and
in the average amount of retirement income.
(B) Housing Stock
Community housing gives important indicators for land use planning. Most importantly it
gives a picture of the type (variety) of housing opportunity currently existing. Density,
land value, and other factors will be examined in another section of this plan.
(1) Current Housing Stoc1Z4
According to the U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census 2000, there were 2,585 total housing
units in Surf City. Since that time, according to the records of the Surf City Building
Inspector, a minimum of 246 additional residential units25 have been added. The total
number of residential units for 2002 is therefore 2,831. None of these housing units were
reported to lack complete plumbing facilities and none were reported to lack complete
kitchen facilities. It was interesting to note that 16 of the total number of units reported
said they had no telephone service. This, with out a doubt, is partially due to the fact that
many of these homes are vacation homes where people are getting away from the daily
hassles, including a ringing telephone, of normal daily life.
A description of the number and type of units in Surf City is shown below.
Surf City Housina/Units
in the Structure Number
Percent
1-unit, detached
1,437
55.6%
1-unit, attached
57
2.2%
2 units
108
4.2%
3 or 4 units
62
2.4%
5 to 9 units
16
0.6%
10 to 19 units
36
1.4%
20 or more units
131
5.1%
Mobile home
738
28.5%
Boat, RV, van, etc.
0
0%
TOTAL
2,585
100%
Surf City, Pender County and Onslow County have a relatively high percentage number
of mobile homes within their jurisdiction.
•
•
24 Data gathered is from the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the
Census, 2000.
25 174 single family homes; 50 manufactured homes; and, a minimum of 22 •
multi -family homes.
- 25 -

•
Number of Mobile Homes & Percentage of Total Housing Stock by Jurisdiction 26
Surf City 738 of 2,585
Pender County 7,328 of 20,798 =
North Carolina 577,323 of
3,523,944 = 16.4%
= 28.5%
35.2%
Topsail Beach 3 of
1,135 = .26%
North Topsail Beach 116 of
2,076 = 5.6%
Wrightsville Beach 17 of 3,097 =
.54%
Carolina Beach 101 of
Kure Beach 71 of 1,567 = 4.5%
Emerald Isle 994 of 5,968 =
16.6%
4,070 = 2.4%
Oak Island 764 of
6,662 = 11.4%
Kill Devil Hills 115 of 5,286 =
Atlantic Beach 1,323 of 4,744 =
2.1 %
27.8%
New Hanover County
Onslow County 13,585 of 55,726
Carteret County 10,530 of 40,947
4,891 of 79,616 =
6.1
= 24.3%
= 25.7%
The large number of "mobile homes" in Surf City, or more correctly manufactured homes
(despite census bureau category indications), is as a result of 2 factors: (1) Surf City has
allowed the number of manufactured homes to expand over its history and this freedom
has allowed the beach community population to grow and has allowed vacation, rental,
and ownership opportunities for citizens of all economic status to own homes at the
beach; and (2) There has been (and still is) a strong young age group component of the
population, living in the vicinity, who find the generally less expensive manufactured
home to be an attractive alternative housing choice.
The age of the houses in Surf City are shown in the table below.
Surf City Housing/Year Structure Built
Number
Percent
1999 to March 2000
171
6.6%
1995 to 1998
380
14.7%
1990 to 1994
312
12.1%
1980 to 1989
841
32.5%
1970 to 1979
447
17.3%
1960 to 1969
224
8.7%
1940 to 1959
196
7.6%
1939 or earlier
14
0.5%
TOTAL
2,585
100%
The total number of occupied housing units in Surf City, as reported by the Census
Bureau in the year 2000 was 70127' Another way of saying this is that the permanent
population at Surf City occupies 28% of the total housing units. This leaves a difference
of 1,884 housing units which are occupied only seasonally in Surf City. Seasonal
occupation of these residential units brings more people per dwelling into Town than the
permanent resident population. To give a comparison, in Pender County there are a total
of 16,054 occupied housing units. The total number of housing units in Pender County is
26 U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, 2000
27 The 701 occupied housing units are those units occupied year-round.
-26-

20,798. 77% of the total number of housing units in Pender County are occupied. In •
North Carolina, 89% of the housing units are occupied.
More than 66% of the housing in Surf City has been built since ,1980. For the entire State
the percentage of homes built since 1980 is 47%. This is not surprising as we consider
recent hurricane events and especially the continuing surge in the population of Pender
County and the accompanying growth which has occurred in Surf City over the last two
decades.
Of the owner occupied homes in Surf City, the values are high. 18.1% are valued in
excess of $300,000. In North Carolina 5.4% of the owner occupied homes are of this
value. In Pender County, the percentage is 6.7%. In Onslow County the percentage is
1.7%.
The value of owner occupied housing in Surf City is as follows:
Surf Citv Housing/ValuO Number Percent
Less than $50,000
3
0.8%
$50,000 to $99,999
46
12.1%
$100,000 to $149,000
72
18.9%
$150,000 to $199,999
108
28.3%
$200,000 to $299,999
83
21.8%
$300,000 to $499,999
$500,000 to $999,999
61
8
16.0%
2.1%
$1,000,000 or more
0
0%
TOTAL
381
100%
The median value of owner occupied housing units in Surf City ($177,100) exceeds the
value of owner occupied housing in Pender County ($113,400), in Onslow County
($85,900) and in North Carolina as a whole ($108,300).
28 Of the 701 occupied housing units in Surf City, 381 of them are owner
occupied. This table gives the value of the 381 owner occupied units. •
-27-

• (2) Building Permits Issued
The table below, prepared by the Town of Surf City Planning & Inspections Department,
gives a complete summary of building permit activity in Surf City since 1992.
Town of Surf City Building Permits,1992-200129
Yea
Single Family
Manufactured
Home
Commercia
I
Multi-
Famil Y31
Total
1992
41
96
3
1
141
1993
49
96
6
1
152
1994
61
12232
5
3
191
1995
59
28
3
2
92
1996
63
55
3
1
122
1997
87
58
10
12
167
1998
60
36
9
0
105
1999
65
10
2
1
78
2000
61
16
2
4
83
2001
67
32
11
4
114
2002 34
107
18
4
1 7
1 133
Total 1
613
549
1 54
1 32
1 1381
29 The Onslow County portion of Surf City was annexed in 1988. 1997 the first
part of the mainland/causeway was annexed. In 1999 the current Town boundary was
established with mainland/causeway annexation number two.
30 Records are kept according to calendar year.
31 In Surf City one multi -family permit allows multiple individual units to be built
within a development project.
32 Water and sewer was made available this year. This made lots previously
unbuildable available for development.
33 1997 was a year of rebuilding following the 1996 hurricanes — Bertha & Fran.
• 34 This chart shows the number of permits issued through December 10, 2002.
-28-

(C)Local Economy
Trends in the local economy are directly tied to changes in the planning area's
population. People move into a growing area to accept jobs. Children, upon reaching
maturity, stay in the area if jobs are available. And, as is also understood, people also
leave areas due to changes in employment. As the population in Surf City, and all of
eastern Pender County, continues to grow for the foreseeable future, additional
infrastructure needs and environmentally sensitive planning will be needed to preserve
the attributes that have made Surf City such a wonderful resort destination and a place to
live.
A measure of the economy is given by the number of business licenses (also known as
privilege licenses) issued by the local government each year. This number, shown
graphically in the Table following (created from information received from the Town of
Surf City Administration Department), has increased over the last five years.
The Town of Surf City charges a privilege license tax. This is a three level tax that the
State, County, and Town often all levy on the same business activity. The tax is levied
on the privilege of engaging in a particular occupation or business activity within the
taxing jurisdiction and is enforced and collected through the issuance of an annual
license. The statute which enables the levy of this tax is N.C.G.S. 105-33 through 105-
113. A Town which wishes to levy this tax must adopt an Ordinance levying the tax.
The Ordinance lists the activities taxed and the tax rates. Towns have a great deal of
flexibility in selecting the activities to be taxed and the rate of tax. The privilege license
tax is a revenue generating measure, however, this tax is not used to regulate otherwise
legitimate businesses. In the fiscal year ending June 30, 2002, the Town of Surf City
collected $15,385 in privilege license fees.
-29-
N
•
0

• The Town's privilege licenses are good from July 1 through June 30 of the following
year. The stability of the number of these licenses issued over the years shown gives
credence to the statement that the business growth in Surf City is increasing slightly. It is
also believed true that when the number of persons residing in Surf City reaches the
threshold point where certain types of businesses may be supported, these businesses will
rush to Surf City and the resort lifestyle possible there.
The actual number of business licenses issued, by year, is as follows:
1997-98 = 243
1998-99 = 331
1999-00 = 318
2000-01 = 320
2001-02 = 391
2002-0335 = 329
Since changes in the economy often (if not always) drive population changes, we must
examine economic factors and data as we consider the current situation in Surf City.
Based upon the prevailing, unusually low, interest rates available and the shortage of
other attractive investment opportunities because of the decline in the stock market,
prudent investors have sought out real estate as a very viable and attractive investment
spurring development in Surf City.
• (1) Employment By Major Sectors36
The population of Surf City aged 16 years and over in the year 200037 was 1,222. Of this
number, 754 (61.7%) were considered in the labor force. Of these 698 (57.1 %) were a
part of the civilian labor force. Of the 698 persons in the civilian labor force, 671
(54.9%) were employed and 27 (2.2%) were unemployed. Of the 754 in the labor force,
56 (4.6%) were in the armed forces. Of the 1,222 persons 16 years of age and over 468
were not in the labor force.
35 This is the number issued through mid December 2002. The number of licenses
which will be issued through the end of the fiscal year will be significantly higher.
36 Data gathered is from the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the
Census, 2000.
• 37 The year 2000 was the most recent year employment data was gathered.
-30-

The occupations of the 671 persons employed in the civilian labor force are shown is
below.
Surf City Occupation Number -
Percent
-Management, professional, and related occupations .......................... 263 - 39.2%
-Service occupations............................................................................ 82 - 12.2%
-Sales and office occupations................................................................ 178 - 26.5%
-Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations ......................................... 0 - 0%
-Construction, extraction, and maintenance occupations ....................... 115 - 17.1%
-Production, transportation, and material moving occupations ............. 33 - 4.9%
In 1990 there were 481 persons employed in the civilian labor force. In 2000 there were
671 persons in the civilian labor force. The labor force has therefore grown by 39.5% in
the 10 year period. The largest numerical increase in number of jobs reported to the U.S.
Census Bureau were in the managerial and professional occupations and in the sales and
office occupations.
Surf City Employment by Industry
Number -
Percent
-Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting, and mining
4 - 0.6%
-Construction
103 - 15.4%
-Manufacturing
42 - 6.3%
-Wholesale trade
13 - 1.9% •
-Retail trade
83 - 12.4%
-Transportation and warehousing, and utilities
21 - 3.1%
-Information
20 - 3.0%
-Finance, insurance, real estate, and rental and leasing
83 - 12.4%
-Professional, scientific, management, administrative, and waste mgmt
59 - 8.8%
-Educational, health and social services
123 - 18.3%
-Arts, entertainment, recreation, accommodation and food services
60 - 8.9%
-Other services (except public administration)
12 - 1.8%
-Public administration
48 - 7.2%
In 1990 there were 39 persons were reported as employed in the agriculture, forestry,
fisheries, and mining industry category. In 2000 the number reported as employed in this
same industry dropped dramatically to 4 persons. Even with the small number of persons
employed in this way this is a notable decline. The number of persons reported in 2000
as in the construction industry was nearly quadruple the number reported in 1990 (27
versus 103). The number of persons reporting their industry as "finance, insurance, or
real estate" in 2000 was triple that of the number reporting in 1990 (83 versus 26). In
1990 21 people were reported as working in the public administration industry. In the
year 2000 48 persons were listed as employed within this industry area.
It appears the work force in Surf City is becoming more "white collar" and managerial.
The "blue collar" or technical and support service occupations are either moving away,
retraining, or are accepting employment in different industries. •
-31 -

• Pender County had a 6.1 % annual unemployment rate in 2001. While there are no
additional subdivisions of this number possible which would show Surf City
unemployment, there is no reason to believe the generally more affluent residents of Surf
City had an unemployment rate as high as the County as a whole.
The 2002 property tax rate for Surf City, per $100 valuation, is $0.37. For Pender
County, for the same period, the rate is $0.668. As a result, owners of real property in
Surf City pay an ad valorem tax of $1.038 per $100 valuation. The last valuation in
Pender County was in 1995. The next currently schedule valuation will be in 2003.
(2) Description of Community Economic Activity
Since the founding of Surf City the traditional economy has been tourist oriented.
Vacationers from all over North Carolina, and the rest of the nation, have come to Surf
City during the warm weather months (especially) to enjoy the sun, the sand, and the sea.
Fishing during the fall and spring seasons is also a tremendous attraction. Consequently,
because many of these visitors have traditionally lived elsewhere and have visited
whenever possible, much of the economic activity established in Surf City over the years
has been to service the tourist or resort type visitor. Just as the attraction of Surf City as a
resort community was a change from the older days of a beach community with an
economic history of natural resources extraction (fishing, shrimping, oyster harvesting,
etc.) we are now felt to be in another period of economic transition. Surf City is
becoming a bedroom community for the nearby metropolitan areas of Jacksonville and
• Wilmington. Other outlying areas and municipalities are also providing jobs and
economic prosperity for Surf City residents.
•
Since 1992 there have been 54 permits issued for the development of commercial
property in Surf City. The types of economic activity listed for these 54 projects
includes: gift shops, restaurants, bait and tackle shops, hardware stores, bars, clothing
stores, art galleries, grocery stores and gas stations. Everything necessary for a regional
service center can be found in Surf City. Additional permits issued for residential
construction projects, making rental property available to seasonal visitors, also services
the vacation or travel economy.
Economic health and vitality is a critical part of a well balanced community. Economic,
social and environmental factors must all be taken into account in a balanced way when
making any important decision about the community's future. Any city which
exclusively focuses on one of these components without regard to the others will almost
certainly end up with a very unlivable community. A healthy economy depends upon a
healthy environment. But, likewise, a protected environment in the future will depend on
a healthy economy to pay for it.
-32-

(D) Population Projections
The State of North Carolina grew by over 1.4 million people between the 1990 and 2000
federal censuses. Only three counties, Bertie, Edgecombe, and Washington, lost
population. The fastest growing county was Johnston (50.0% growth), followed by
Wake (47.3%), Hoke (47.20/6), Union (46.9%), Brunswick (43.5%), and Pender (42.4%).
Surf City growth (at 43.6% for this same period) exceed the growth of Pender County.
This accelerated growth is expected to continue.
(1) Short-term — five and ten year projections on permanent and seasonal
population
Our short-term population projections will be based upon the percentages given by the
North Carolina State Data Center for the growth of Pender County. It is anticipated that
Pender County will grow by 29% between 2000 and 201038. If we model our projections
of the growth of Surf City by this standard, which continues to be amongst the fastest
growing counties in North Carolina, we see the following increases:
Surf City/Pender County Permanent Population Projections, 5 & 10 Year (based on
2000)
Surf City 2000 population = 1,393
Surf City 2005 population projection =1,594 (The increase anticipated is 14.5%.)
Surf City 2010 population projection =1,797 (The increase anticipated is 29%.)
Pender County 2000 population = 41,082 •
Pender County 2005 population = 47,038 (The increase anticipated is 14.5%)
Pender County 2010 population projection = 52,976 (The increase anticipated is 29%.)
Surf City Seasonal Population39 Projections, 5 & 10 Year (based on 2000)
Surf City 2000 seasonal population = 14,837
Surf City 2005 seasonal population projection = 16,988 (The increase anticipated is 4.5%)
Surf City 2010 seasonal population projection = 19,139 (The increase anticipated is 29%)
Surf City feels this projection, though based on the best information available at this
writing, is low. Surf City growth will exceed the growth rate of Pender County in the
next ten years.
38 NC State Data Center, 2002.
39 This figure is based on the following: 1,393 (permanent population, 2000), plus
701 (additional one person per permanent housing unit), plus 12,246 (vacation cottage
rental), plus 497 (motel occupancy) = 14,837. Adjustments have been made to account
for the 1 year difference from the previous seasonal figure computed for 2001. The
primary difference was the 107 single family houses constructed in 2001.
- 33 -

• (2) Long-term — twenty year projections on permanent and seasonal
population
Long-term population projections are based on information given by the North Carolina
State Data Center. It is anticipated that growth in Pender County, for the period from
2010 to 2020, will be 22.4%. Our growth projections here are based on the NC Data
Center figures. It is felt that Surf City's growth will, in fact, continue to exceed county
growth.
Surf City/Pender County Permanent Population Projections for 2020 (based on
2010 estimate)
Surf City population projection for 2010 =1,797
Surf City population projection for 2020 = 2,200 (The increase anticipated is 22.4%.)
Pender County 2010 population projection = 52,976
Pender County 2020 population projection = 64,845 (The increase anticipated is 22.4%.)
Surf City Seasonal Population Projection for 2020 (based on 2010 estimate)
Surf City seasonal population projection for 2010=19,139
Surf City seasonal population projection for 2020 = 23,426 (The increase anticipated is
22.4%.)
Surf City feels this projection, though based on the best information available at this
writing is low. Surf City growth will exceed the growth rate of Pender County within the
• next twenty years.
(E) Summary — Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions
A few questions give structure to our analysis. As follows:
MHow does the change in the size of the planning area's population compare to other
coastal communities or to the State? What are the most significant factors that have
produced total population changes? Will these factors continue to affect growth in the
future?
The Town of Surf City is growing at a rapid rate. The municipality is the 9th fastest
growing of all barrier island beach communities in NC. The town is located within the
sixth fastest growing county in NC and the growth of the town is happening at a rate
which exceeds the county as a whole as well as the state. This is a fast growing
community.
Town officials believed the growth is due, at least in part, to the attractiveness and natural
resource amenities of the area. This feature is also attracting an active retirement age
segment of the population which is aging the community, statistically, and which is
showing, statistically, the growth in income evident in the last 10 years.
The growth in the future will take place on the island with the in -filling of lots there.
• Most additional commercial and residential development is expected to happen on the
-34-

mainland portion of the town within the planning period of this documents. Large tracts •
of land there are expected to be developed there and this will bring additional changes to
the area and to the municipality.
OWhat is the geographic distribution of the population changes? Have the population
changes occurred mostly in the incorporated or unincorporated area?
Most of the permanent population of Surf City currently lives on the island. This is not a
change from the historic situation at Surf City. The population is expected to grow on the
mainland over the next 10 years so there will be a shift. The mainland area will also be a
center for regional shopping type opportunities. Town infrastructure and services will be
made available to the mainland areas experiencing development.
Unincorporated areas of Pender County around Surf City and within the Surf City
extraterritorial area are also experiencing growth. It is possible some of these areas will
be annexed by Surf City. Satellite annexation has already occurred in the mainland area
of Surf City.
OHave there been significant changes in the characteristics of the community's
population? Are incomes rising faster than in other coastal communities? What are the
implications of thisfor land use and development?
The population at Surf City is aging and they are becoming more wealthy. Incomes are •
rising more rapidly here than in many other municipal beaches in NC. This has made the
community attractive to developers. Consequently, development interests are focusing
attention on the island. The majority of new development will be on the mainland.
DAre there major changes in the characteristics of the housing stock? Are there changes
in tenure or types of housing units that will have land use or development policy
implications?
The value of the municipal housing stock is rising rapidly. This is felt to be as the result
of large economic forces and the variability, and recent downward trend, in the financial
markets which have (generally) made real property, particularly real property in resort
areas, especially attractive.
MWhat are the community's major employers? What are the prospects for major
changes in the structure of the local economy? What are the implications of economic
changes for land use or development policies?
The top 5 areas of employment for Pender County residents are (highest to lowest): Local
government (1,613), retail trade (1,564), business services (1,331), manufacturing
(1,143), and construction (671). The local economy, in Surf City, is based on the tourism
industry. Services to the tourism industry account for the largest portion of the jobs for
local residents. This is not anticipated to change.
•
- 35 -

• MIs the population projected to grow? What are the implications of projected growth for
land resources or communityfacilities?
•
•
The municipal population is expected to continue to grow at a rapid rate. This growth
will put stress on community facilities. The biggest concern/pressing need of the
moment (2003) is a means of dealing with the traffic congestion in the downtown area.
There are also concerns regarding water service. The water service situation is being
dealt with by the addition of a new well on the mainland. Population growth on the
mainland will be accelerating.
-36-

Section 3: Natural Systems Analysis •
For the natural systems analysis portion of this land use plan we will conduct a three part
analysis of the planning area's natural features. The purpose of this will be to assess
conditions, capabilities, and limitations.
(A) A Description and Analysis of Natural Features and Environmental
Conditions of Surf City's Planning Jurisdiction
Part one of the natural systems analysis involves an inventory and a discussion of ten
categories of natural features and an interpretation of the capabilities or limitations these
features have for development. These ten categories of natural features are: Areas of
Environmental Concern (AECs), soil characteristics, water quality classifications,
shellfish growing areas and primary nursery areas, flood hazard areas and other natural
hazard areas, storm surge areas, non -coastal wetlands (probable 404 wetlands), water
supply watersheds and wellhead protection areas, environmentally fragile areas, and
additional natural features identified by the Town of Surf City.
(1) Areas of Environmental Concern
One of the basic purposes of North Carolina's Coastal Area Management Act (CAMA or
the Act) is to establish a State management plan which is capable of rational and
coordinated management of coastal resources. The Act recognizes the key to more
effective protection and use of the land and water resources of the coast is the
development of a coordinated approach to resources management. The CAMA provides •
2 principle mechanisms for accomplishing this purpose. First, the formulation of local
Land Use Plans articulating the objectives of local citizens and translating these
objectives, or policies, into future desired growth patterns. Second, the designation of
Areas of Environmental Concern for the protection of areas of statewide concern within
the coastal area.
Both the development of local Land Use Plans and the designation and regulation of
critical resource areas contribute to rational management by encouraging local and State
governments to exercise their full authorities over coastal resources and to express their
management goals in a comprehensible and uniform manner. Local objectives benefit
through their incorporation into a State management scheme, and the statewide objectives
of resource protection and development benefit through an integrated and comprehensive
management approach. State guidelines are prepared to ensure uniformity and
consistency in Land Use Plans and in the regulation of critical resource areas, or Areas of
Environmental Concern (AEC's).
The STATE GUIDELINES FOR AREAS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERN41
(Subchapter 7H of Chapter 15A of the NC Administrative Code, or 15A NCAC 7H, or
the regulations governing development activity in AEC's) require that local Land Use
Plans give special attention to the protection and appropriate development of AEC's. The
CAMA charges the Coastal Resources Commission (CRC or the Commission) with the
40 These regulations are subject to change by the Coastal Resources Commission. •
-37-

• responsibility for identifying types of areas -- water as well as land -- in which
uncontrolled or incompatible development might result in irreversible damage. The Act
further instructs the Commission to determine what types of development activities are
appropriate within such areas, and it calls upon the local government to give special
attention to these areas in the process of Land Use Plan development. As a means of
controlling any inappropriate or damaging development activities within AEC's, the
CAMA calls upon the CRC to implement a permitting program. The intent of this
program is not to stop development (if this were the intent, given the growth in our
coastal area, the program would be an abject failure) but rather to ensure the
compatibility of development with the continued productivity and value of critical land
and water areas (AEC's).
The Act divides responsibility for the permitting program between the CRC and local
governments. "Minor" development activities receive permits from a local permit officer,
while "major" development activities seek permits from the CRC. (Division of Coastal
Management personnel are the staff representatives of the CRC.)
The types of AEC's are separated into 4 broad groupings. Those 4 categories are:
THE ESTUARINE SYSTEM
OCEAN HAZARD AREAS
PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES
NATURAL AND CULTURAL RESOURCE AREAS
• a. The Estuarine System
Estuarine system AEC's, which are defined below, are land and water areas of the coast
which contribute enormous economic, social, and biological values to North Carolina. It
is the objective of the CRC to manage these AEC's as an interrelated group to ensure that
development is compatible with natural characteristics and to minimize the likelihood of
significant loss of private property and public resources. Included within the estuarine
system are the following AEC categories: estuarine waters, coastal wetlands, public trust
areas and estuarine shorelines. Each of these AEC's is either geographically within the
estuary or, because of its location and nature, may significantly affect the estuary.
Coastal Wetlands41 are areas of salt marsh or other marsh subject to regular or
occasional flooding by tides, including wind tides. The management objective of the NC
CRC for coastal wetlands is to conserve and manage these areas so as to safeguard and
perpetuate their biological, social, economic, and aesthetic values. The highest priority is
given to conservation of these areas. The second highest priority of use is for those types
of development which require water access and cannot function elsewhere.
41 Coastal wetlands are an Area of Environmental Concern and uses/development
in these areas are regulated by the NC Coastal Resources Commission. Coastal wetlands
should not be confused with 404 wetlands, which are regulated by the U.S. Army Corps
• of Engineers.
-38-

Estuarine Waters are those water areas which are the dominant component and bonding •
element of the entire estuarine system, integrating the aquatic influences from the land
and the sea. Estuaries are among the most productive natural environments of North
Carolina. They support the valuable commercial and sports fisheries of the coastal area,
which are comprised of estuarine dependant species such as menhaden, flounder, shrimp,
crabs, and oysters. Of the 10 leading species in the commercial catch, all but one are
dependent on the estuary.
Public Trust Areas are all waters of the Atlantic Ocean and the lands thereunder from
the mean high water mark to the seaward limit of State jurisdiction (the State limit of
jurisdiction is 3 miles); all navigable natural bodies of water and lands thereunder to the
mean high water level or mean water level as the case may be; all water in artificially
created bodies of water containing significant public fishing resources or other public
resources which are accessible to the public by navigation from bodies of water in which
the public has rights of navigation; and all waters in artificially created bodies of water in
which the public has acquired rights by prescription, custom, usage, dedication, or any
other means. The management objective is to protect public rights for navigation and
recreation and to conserve and manage public trust areas so as to safeguard their
biological, economic, and aesthetic values.
Estuarine Shorelines are areas of dry land (which may contain 404 wetlands) which are
considered a component of the estuarine system because of the close association these
land areas have with adjacent estuarine waters. Estuarine shorelines are non -ocean
shorelines which are especially vulnerable to erosion, flooding, or other adverse affects of •
wind and water and which are intimately connected to the estuary. This area extends
from the mean high water level (or normal water level along estuaries, sounds, bays, and
brackish waters) for a distance of 75 feet landward. Within the estuarine shoreline AEC,
impervious surfaces are required to not exceed 30%.
b. Ocean Hazard Areas
Ocean hazard AEC's are so named because these areas are considered by the North
Carolina Coastal Resources Commission to be natural hazard areas along the Atlantic
Ocean shoreline where, because of their special vulnerability to erosion or other adverse
effects of sand, wind, and water, uncontrolled or incompatible development could
unreasonably endanger life or property. Ocean hazard areas include: the ocean erodible
area, the high hazard flood area, the inlet hazard area, and the unvegetated beach area.
Ocean Erodible Areas are areas where there is a substantial possibility of excessive
erosion and significant shoreline fluctuation. The seaward boundary of this area is the
mean low water line. The landward extent of this line is established by multiplying the
long-term average annual erosion rate, as approved by the CRC, times 60, provided that,
where there has been no long term erosion rate or the rate is less than 2 feet per year, the
minimum distance shall be set at 120 feet from the first line of stable vegetation.
High Hazard Flood Areas are those areas subject to velocity waters in a storm having a
1 percent chance of being equaled or exceeded in any given year and as identified on the
•
-39-

• National Flood Insurance Program's Flood Insurance Rate Maps. The maps are produced
by the Federal Emergency Management Agency.
Inlet Hazard Areas are natural hazard areas which are especially vulnerable to erosion,
flooding and other adverse effects of sand, wind, and water because of their proximity to
dynamic ocean inlets. This area extends landward from the mean low water line a
distance sufficient to encompass that area within which the inlet will, based on statistical
analysis, migrate, and shall consider such factors as previous inlet territory, structurally
weak areas near the inlet, and external influences such as jetties and channelization.
Unvegetated Beach Areas are self explanatory to the extent that they consist of
unvegetated ocean beach. These areas are subject to rapid and unpredictable land form
change from wind and wave action.
c. Public Water Supplies
The third broad grouping of AEC's includes valuable small surface supply water sheds
and public water supply well fields. These vulnerable, critical water supplies, if
degraded, could adversely affect public health or require substantial monetary outlays by
affected communities for alternative water source development. For more details,
interested parties are advised to call the North Carolina Division of Coastal Management,
in Raleigh, at [phone].
• d. Natural and Cultural Resource Areas
Natural and cultural resource areas include natural or cultural resources of more than
local significance in which uncontrolled or incompatible development could result in
major or irreversible damage to natural systems or cultural resources, scientific,
educational, or associative values, or aesthetic qualities. These areas would include
coastal areas containing remnant species, coastal complex natural areas, unique coastal
geologic formations, significant coastal archaeological resources, and significant coastal
historic/architectural resources. For more details, interested parties are advised to call the
North Carolina Division of Coastal Management, in Raleigh, at [phone]. This
category of AEC is by nomination only.
The Areas of Environmental Concern pertinent to the Town of Surf City are the estuarine
system and ocean hazard areas AEC's. No nomination category AEC's are expected
during the planning period.
(2) Soil Characteristics
In April, 1990, the U. S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service, in
cooperation with the NC Agricultural Experiment Station and the Pender County Board
of Commissioners, published a Soil Survey of Pender County, North Carolina42. (The
reader should know that part of the Town of Surf City is located in Onslow County4s )
42 The author of this document does not claim special expertise on soils. Much of the information
reported here regarding soil types is taken from the text of this document.
43 The Soil Survey of Onslow County, North Carolina was published by the U.S.
• Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service, in cooperation with the NC Agricultural Experiment
Station and the Onslow County Board of Commissioners in July 1992.
-40-

The Surf City planning area is within the Carteret-Newhan-Corolla soil association. •
These soils compose about 2% of Pender County. Of this 2% about 65% are Carteret
soils, 15% Newhan soils, and 7% Corolla soils. 13% of this soil association is said to be
composed of other soils or "soils of minor extent."
Carteret soils are nearly level and very poorly drained. They are on tidal flats bordering
the sound. These soils are flooded by high tides daily. They are dominantly fine sand or
sand throughout. The Newhan soils are gently sloping to moderately steep and are
excessively drained. They are on coastal ridges or barrier dunes. These soils are fine
sand or sand throughout. The Corolla soils are nearly level and are moderately well
drained or somewhat poorly drained. They are in depressions. These soils are also fine
sand or sand throughout.
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The mainland portion of the Surf City planning area is within either the Grifton-Meggett-
Invershiel or the Foreston-Autryville-Baymeade soils association.
Before Pender County was settled, the native vegetation consisted of many kinds of
hardwoods and several kinds of conifers. This vegetation had a major influence on the
development of soils. In addition, the activities of micro-organisms, earthworms, larvae,
and other forms of animal life were important in the cycle of decay and regeneration of
plants. The activity of fungi and micro-organisms and the soil mixing carried on by
earthworms and other small invertebrates are mainly confined to the upper few inches of
soil.
Trees and other plants take up minerals from the soil and store them in their roots, stems,
and leaves. When the plants or parts of them decay, the minerals re-enter the soil and are
used again by other plants. Unless disturbed, this cycle continues indefinitely.
•
-41-

• Climate affects the chemical, physical, and biological relationship in the soil. This
happens mainly through the influence of precipitation and temperature. Water dissolves
minerals, which are necessary for biological activity, and transports the minerals and
organic residue through the soil. Temperature influences the kind and growth of
organisms and the speed of physical and chemical reaction in the soils. The climate in
Pender County is warm. Precipitation is evenly distributed. Variations of climate in the
County are small and are not the cause of local differences in the soils.
The parent material of Pender County soils is the rock from which the soils are formed.
This is the most important factor causing the soils differences in the County. The parent
material of the Pender County soils are of 2 types. The first is the unconsolidated rock
material, sand, silt, and clay that make up the marine and fluvial sediments of the coastal
plain. The second type is known as aeolian sand deposits.
The reason that soil types are important for planning purposes is that some soils are not
well suited for a particular type of development. Soils may present hazards for building
foundations. They may be poorly drained and have limited ability, if any, to support
septic systems. If this type of information is considered when the Town produces a set of
regulations, such as a Zoning Ordinance, development activity may be steered toward
those areas where it is more suitable.
A more specific analysis of the soils within the Town of Surf City may be taken from
aerial photography, which is overlaid with soil types, which is included in the Soil Survey
• of Pender County, North Carolina, shows that within the general soil series already
mentioned the following soils are found:
Alpin fine sand (AnB) This excessively drained soil is generally found on undulating
uplands near the coast and in stream areas. Individual areas are generally about as broad
as they are long, and they range from 50 to 250 acres in size. Infiltration is rapid and
surface runoff is slow. Most of this soil unit is used as woodland in Pender County. If
this soil is used for building site development and sanitary facilities, the instability of
ditch banks and trench walls and seepage are the main limitations. This sandy soil
provides a good support base for most structures. Wind erosion is a hazard on
unprotected sandy surfaces. This can be minimized by plant cover. Lawn shrubs are
difficult to establish and maintain in this soil type.
Autryville loamy fine sand (AuB) This well drained soil is on uplands. Individual areas
are generally long and narrow, and they range from 20 to about 75 acres in size.
Infiltration is rapid, and surface runoff is slow. Most areas of this soil unit are in
cropland. (The main crops are tobacco, corn, and soybeans.) Windblown sand will
occasionally occur with this soil type and can cause damage to young plants. This soil
has no major limitations affecting building site development. Seepage is the main
limitation on sites for sanitary facilities. Lawns and shrubs may be difficult to establish
and maintain.
Bohicket silty clay loam (Bo) This soil is very poorly drained. It is on tidal flats at
• elevations of 0 to 3 feet above sea level. The flats are dissected by creeks. Infiltration is
-42-

very slow, or no water penetrates the surface. Permeability is very slow. The water table •
fluctuates with the daily tides which inundate the soil. This soil is not used for building
site development or sanitary facilities. Recreational use is limited to hunting and fishing.
The native vegetation is suited to extreme wetness and salinity. The edges of the tidal
marsh area provide good habitat for wildlife.
Carteret fine sand (Ca) This soil is very poorly drained. It is on tidal flats at elevations
of 0 to 3 feet above sea level. The flats are generally dissected by narrow areas of water.
Infiltration is very slow, or no water penetrates the surface. Permeability is rapid. The
water table fluctuates with the daily tides which inundate the soil. This soil is not used
for building site development or sanitary facilities. Recreational use is limited to hunting
and fishing. The native vegetation is adapted to extreme wetness and salinity. The edges
of the tidal marsh area provide good habitat for wildlife.
Murville fine sand (Mk) This nearly level, very poorly drained soil is in depressions and
interstream areas on wetlands. Individual areas are long and vary in width. The range
from 20 to 200 acres in size. Infiltration is rapid and surface runoff is slow. Permeability
is rapid in the surface layer and moderately rapid in the subsoil. The seasonal high water
table is at or near the surface , and water ponds on the surface in winter. Nearly all areas
of this soil are used as woodland. Drained areas of this soil are used for corn or
soybeans. This soil is generally not used for building site development, sanitary
facilities, or recreational development. Wetness, seepage, ponding, and the instability of
ditch banks are the main limitations. •
Murville muck (Mu) This soil is very poorly drained. It is in upland interstream areas
and in depressions. At times, this soil may be ponded. Infiltration is medium, and
surface runoff is slow. Permeability is moderately rapid. This soil is extremely acid to
strongly acid. The seasonal high water table is within 1 foot of the surface. The use of
logging equipment is limited because of the high content of organic matter in the surface
layer and low soil strength. Water is often either on or near the surface most of the year.
Even if this soil is drained wetness is a continuing problem that will affect most urban
uses.
Newhan-Corolla complex (NkE) These soils are found on the barrier islands of North
Carolina. They are subject to wave overwash during hurricanes. The Newhan soil is
excessively drained. It is found on ridges and slopes. It is subject to soil blowing.
Infiltration is very rapid, and surface water runoff is slow. Permeability is very rapid.
The available water capacity is very low. The native vegetation is mainly sea oats,
seacoast bluestem, American beach grass, American red cedar, bitter panicum,
greenbrier, and live oak. Flooding is a hazard. Maintaining vegetation on this soil
decreases soil blowing and will therefore potentially decrease damage to the frontal dunes
which serve as a barrier to wave action during hurricane events.
Newhan-Corolla-Urban land complex (NmE) This soil type is similar in its basic
properties to the NkE soils mentioned above. These soils are found in the oldest
developed portions of Surf City. Urban land is where soils have been cut, filled, graded,
or paved so that most soil properties have been altered to the extent that a soil series is •
- 43 -

• not recognized. These areas are used for developed type uses, which might include
closely spaced housing, parking lots, and commercial development of a variety of types.
This soil classification is found in the developed areas of Surf City.
Newhan fine sand (NhC) This is excessively drained, sandy soil in areas of dredge spoil.
It is found in Pender County on both sides of the intracoastal waterway and in a few areas
along the Cape Fear River. These areas are surrounded by water or marsh. Infiltration is
rapid, and surface runoff is slow. This soil is generally not used for building site
development.
Onslow loamy fine sand (On) This soil is moderately well drained. Infiltration is
medium and surface runoff is slow. Permeability is moderate. The available water
capacity also is moderate. Seasonal wetness is the main limitation affecting building site
development, sanitary facilities, and recreational development. Wetness can be reduced
by land grading and ditching.
Pactolus fine sand (PaA) This soil is moderately well drained or somewhat poorly
drained. It is in slight depressions on the uplands near the coast and on low ridges and
terraces. In Surf City this soil type is found along the banks of the AIWW on the
mainland. Infiltration is rapid and surface runoff is slow. Permeability is rapid. The
available water capacity is low. The seasonal high water table is 1.5 to 2.5 feet below the
surface.
• Pits Pt This map unit consists of areas where the sandy soil material has been
excavated to a depth of 10 to 30 feet. Onsite investigation is needed before plans are
made for the use and management of these areas. Pits areas are found on either side of
NC Hwy 210/50 leading into the Town of Surf City.
The soils limitations mentioned above may be overcome through engineering44. Extreme
assistance may be necessary in some cases. For further information on soils, interested
parties are invited to consult the Pender County Soil Survey (1990), or the Onslow
County Soil Survey (1992), or to call the Pender or Onslow County Agricultural
Extension Office. Appropriate considerations for the Surf City Planning Board and
Town Council, where decisions related to the types of soils will become significant, are:
zoning density, height of structures, setback requirements, lot size, new streets and roads,
and utilities extension plans and policies. The availability of public water and sewer has
fueled and will continue to effect the pace of development at Surf City.
44 Soil disposal areas for development projects may produce a mosquito breeding
problem. For information concerning appropriate mosquito control measures contact the
Public Health Pest Management Section, NC Department of Environment & Natural
• Resources, at 919-733-6407.
-44-

(3) Water Quality Classifications •
The evolution of water quality regulations is an interesting study in the balance,
dynamics, and interactions of several factors including population growth, standards of
living, technological developments, food demands, urbanization, transportation changes,
and industrialization over the last century.
The first transition in the regulatory emphasis from protecting water quality for
navigation and commerce in the federal waterway regulations enacted in the late 1800's,
to mandating water quality protection for the purpose of sustaining life supporting
conditions occurred in the late 1900's. The second transition involves a shift in society's
perspective, from the historical view of waterways as ceaseless resources, to recognizing
that the abilities of waters to renew their qualities are limited, and become stressed under
the magnitude and complex demands of a changing and growing society. The third
transition is the shift in management responsibilities for water quality, which has come
nearly full circle over the past 100 years. The federal government has delegated much of
its enforcement authority for water quality protection, which it began assuming from
local authorities in the late 1800's, to the States, who have in turn placed considerable
responsibilities back on local governments for the administration of water control
programsas
From a historic perspective, flowing waters have received waste from time immemorial.
With the rise of population centers in the late 1800's, floating wastes threatened to •
obstruct the transportation of goods. The federal government began addressing the
practice with the passage of the Rivers and Harbors Act of 1899, which regulated the
depositing of solid wastes into waterways and regulated construction projects in
navigation channels. The Oil Pollution Act of 1924, prohibiting vessels from discharging
oil into coastal waters, marked a beginning in the policy shift towards protection of water
quality and aquatic life. This Act also assigned enforcement responsibilities to the
federal government when local pollution control efforts were inadequate, and made
available modest amounts of grant funds for the construction of wastewater treatment
facilities.
The rise of public attention on water quality issues in the 1960's resulted in the passage of
the Water Quality Act of 1965, which specified standards for interstate quality water. A
flurry of legislation and policy directives soon followed in the 1970's. The National
Environmental Policy Act of 1970 set in motion a broad set of changes in environmental
protection policies, including the type of issues to be addressed Environmental Impact
Statements (EIS), Environmental Assessments (EA), and Findings of No Significant
Impact (FONSI), and led to the rise of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
45 A Guide to North Carolina's Tidal Salt Water Classifications, November 1994,
prepared for the U.S. EPA and the NC Division of Environmental Management by Cape
Fear Council of Governments. •
- 45 -

• The Water Pollution Control Act Amendments (Clean Water Act) of 1972, and the
revised Act of 1977, marked an important step in regulating water pollution. First, it
increased the funding levels available through the construction grants program for
assisting in building treatment plants. Second, it instituted technology based effluent
standards as opposed to stream base standards. Third, it established a national permit
system for regulating point source discharges. Most importantly, the Act established a
national policy and specific goals for restoring and maintaining the chemical, physical,
and biological properties of the nation's fishable and swimmable waters.
Several sections instituted programs under the Clean Water Act that significantly affect
development projects today, including Section 401, which requires water quality
certification for activities that may cause a discharge into navigable waters or wetlands;
Section 402, which established the National Pollution Discharge Elimination System
(NPDES) for wastewater discharge permits; and Section 404, which regulates the
discharge of dredge and fill material into navigable waters or wetlands. The evolution of
the implementation of the Clean Water Act was the shift in the enforcement and day-to-
day administration of the programs from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to
the States, and in the case of the NPDES program, to the local governments.
Water quality protection at the State level began taking shape after WW II. By 1950,
most communities in North Carolina with populations greater than 2,500 were
discharging either raw or minimally treated sewage directly into the State's waterways.
At the instruction of the 1951 General Assembly, the State Stream Sanitation Committee
• (now known as the Division of Water Quality) began the formal development of North
Carolina's water pollution control regulations. The initial steps of the Committee were to
survey the extent of water pollution and to prepare a comprehensive water pollution
program
The Committee also formulated a classification system for the State's surface waters
based on best usage criteria, which became the basis for the system used today. By 1963,
water quality standards and classifications were in place, and most surface waters were
classified. The classifications and standards have been modified over time. Today the
surface saltwater classifications system helps to protect the quality and usage of over 2
million acres (3,200 square miles) of tidal saltwater estuaries, bays, and sounds. These
large figures have included in the count all of Topsail Island waters and the
accompanying coastal wetlands.
Additional legislation followed over the years. This included the North Carolina
Environmental Policy Act in 1971 and the Coastal Area Management Act of 1974.
The mandate for State and local government management of natural resources was
significantly strengthened in the general election of 1972 , which overwhelmingly
approved an amendment to the State constitution, which reads, in part, as follows:
`It shall be the policy of this State to conserve and protect its land
and waters for the benefit of all its citizenry, and to this end it shall
be a proper function of the State of North Carolina and its political
• subdivisions to acquire and preserve park, recreation, and scenic
-46-

areas, to control and limit the pollution of our air and water, to •
control excessive noise, and in every other appropriate way to
preserve as apart of the common heritage of this State its forests,
wetlands, estuaries, beaches, historical sites, open land, and places
of beauty."
As a strategy for the management of North Carolina's waters, the NC Division of Water
Quality (NC DWQ) assigns classifications to water bodies. The primary classifications
are SC, SB, and SA. This is a graduated type scale whereby the NC DWQ assigns a
classification based on the measured qualities of the water in each area. Supplemental
classifications (HQW — High Quality Waters, ORW — Outstanding Resource Waters,
Sw — Swamp Waters, and NSW — Nutrient Sensitive Waters) designation is also done,
as appropriate, as a means of specifying the properties of a water body which make it
special. This is done so that these special properties, once recognized, may be preserved
through planning.
According to the NC Division of Water Quality46, the waters of Topsail Sound and the
waters of Banks Channel are all SA waters. Areas designated SA are suitable for
shellfish harvesting47.
The waters of the Atlantic Ocean are classified SB. Areas designated SB are saltwater
areas protected for primary recreation which includes swimming.
Water quality designations for the waters adjacent and within the Town of Surf City's •
planning jurisdiction were originally made in August of 1981.
The water quality classifications for the Town of Surf City have been mapped and the
map showing these areas is located in the back of this document.
46 The NC Environmental Management Commission classifies waters for the NC
Division of Water Quality (NC DWQ). Telephone conversation with Mr. Dean Hunkele,
North Carolina DWQ/DENR, March 6, 2003.
47 The NC DWQ classifies waters for purposes of issuing discharge permits. The
North Carolina Division of Marine Fisheries establishes, administers and enforces rules
governing commercial and recreational fishing in coastal waters, cultivation and
harvesting of shellfish, and submerged land claims. The NC Shellfish Sanitation Branch
classifies coastal waters relative to their quality and safety for harvesting shellfish, such
as oysters and clams. The primary objective of the Branch is the protection of public
health. The Branch works with the Division of Marine Fisheries to monitor and enforce
water quality and use standards. The LUPUP reader should recognize that when the NC
DWQ says that waters classified SA may be used for shellfishing, they also may not be
used for shellfishing. Whether those waters are open to the taking of shellfish or not is a
decision which is left to another agency.
•
-47-

• (4) Shellfish Growing Areas & Primary Nursery Areas48
Mapping must show information on shellfish growing areas in SA waters and their
classifications (approved, conditionally approved, open or closed, restricted, and
prohibited).
Salt marshes and estuaries along our coast serve as nursery grounds for 90 percent of our
fisheries. North Carolina was the first state to designate nursery areas to protect these
fragile ecosystems. The nursery system in North Carolina serves as a model for other
states. According to this system there are three categories of nursery areas in our coastal
waters:
Primary Nursery Areas
Secondary Nursery Areas
Special Secondary Nursery Areas
a. Primary Nursery Areas4 — are located in the upper portions of creeks and bays. These
areas are usually shallow with soft muddy bottoms and are surrounded by marshes and
wetlands. The low salinity levels and the abundance of food in these areas make them
ideal for young fish and shellfish.
To protect juveniles, many commercial fishing activities are prohibited in primary
nursery areas; including the use of trawl nets, seine nets, dredges or any mechanical
methods used for taking clams or oysters. If a violator is caught in a primary nursery
• area, he is faced with a very substantial penalty.
There are 80,144 acres in North Carolina which are designated as primary nursery areas.
It is estimated that 2% of the North Carolina primary nursery area is located within the
planning jurisdiction of the Town of Surf City.
Surf City — Primary Nursery Areas50
Municipal Planning Area
1,199 acres
ETJ Planning Area
432 acres
Total Planning Area
1,631 acres
48 The information on North Carolina's nursery areas, including the total acreage
numbers, was obtained from the NC Division of Marine Fisheries in January, 2003.
49 Classification as primary nursery area is done by the NC Marine Fisheries
Commission. The staff arm of this agency is the NC Division of Marine Fisheries,
DENR.
50 This data was received from the NC Division of Coastal Management, DENR.
Computation of acreage was done by Cape Fear Council of Governments.
•
- 48 -

b. Secondary Nursery Areas are located in the lower portions of creeks and bays. As •
they develop and grow, young fish and shellfish (primarily blue crabs and shrimp), move
into these waters. Trawling is not allowed in the secondary nursery areas.
There are 35,502 acres in North Carolina which are designated as secondary nursery
areas. There are no secondary nursery areas within the Town of Surf City's planning
jurisdiction.
c. Special Secondary Nursery Areas are located adjacent to secondary nursery areas
but closer to the open waters of our sounds and the ocean. For the majority of the year,
when juvenile species are abundant, these waters are closed to trawling.
There are 31,362 acres in North Carolina which are designated as special secondary
nursery areas. There are no special secondary nursery areas within the Town of Surf
City's planning jurisdiction.
The waters of Topsail Sound at Surf City are classified by the NC Division of Marine
Fisheries as a primary nursery area (PNA).
(5) Flood Hazard Areassl
The Town of Surf City is a participant in the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP).
The Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRMS) for the Town of Surf City were last revised
January 22, 1998. The maps show most of the Town is located within a Special Flood •
Hazard Area (SFHA) or an area within the 100-year floodplain. A significant portion of
the homes located along the Atlantic Ocean beach are in a VE-zone. These are areas of
100 year coastal flood with velocity (waves). This is not an unusual circumstance in
coastal areas. To discuss this program with a representative of the National Flood
Insurance Program (NFIP) interested parties may call 1-800-638-6620.
Surf City Flood Hazard Areas52
Total Acres
I SFHA — %
Zone AE — %
Zone VE — %
Municipal
3,484
2,990 — 86%
2,874 — 82%
116 — 3%
ETJ
1,402
1,015 — 72%
1,015 — 72%
0 — 0%
The NFIP is a federal program which enables property owners in participating
communities to purchase insurance protection against losses from flooding. This
insurance is designed to provide an insurance alternative to disaster assistance to meet the
escalating costs of repairing damage to buildings and their contents caused by floods.
Participation in the NFIP is based on an agreement between local communities and the
federal government. The agreement is that if a community will adopt and enforce a
floodplain management ordinance to reduce future flood risks to new construction in
51 Storm surge areas, which are also areas of flood hazard, will be discussed in
the land use plan section entitled "storm surge."
52 This information was received from the NC Division of Coastal Management,
DENR. Calculations were made by Cape Fear Council of Governments. •
-49-

Special Flood Hazard Areas, the Federal Government will make flood insurance available
within the community as a financial protection against flood losses.
The U.S. Congress established the NFIP on August 1, 1968, with the passage of the
National Flood Insurance Act of 1968. The NFIP was broadened and modified with the
passage of the Flood Disaster Protection Act of 1973 and other legislative measures. It
was further modified by the National Flood Insurance Reform Act of 1994, signed into
law on September 23, 1994. The NFIP is administered by the Federal Insurance and
Mitigation Administration (FIMA) and the Mitigation Directorate (MT), components of
the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), an independent Federal agency.
In support of the NFIP, FEMA has undertaken a nationwide effort of flood hazard
identification and mapping to produce Flood Hazard Boundary Maps (FHBMs), Flood
Insurance Rate Maps (FIRMS), and Flood Boundary and Floodway Maps (FBFMs).
Several areas of flood hazards are commonly identified on these maps. One of these areas
is the Special Flood Hazard Area (SFHA), which is defined as an area of land that would
be inundated by a flood having a 1-percent chance of occurring in any given year (also
referred to as the base flood or 100-year flood). The 1-percent-annual chance standard
was chosen after considering various alternatives. The standard, in the opinion of the
agency, constitutes a reasonable compromise between the need for building restrictions to
minimize potential loss of life and property and the economic benefits to be derived from
floodplain development. Development may take place within the SFHA, provided that
development complies with local floodplain management ordinances, which must meet
• the minimum federal requirements. Flood insurance is required for insurable structures
within the SFHA to protect federal financial investments and assistance used for
acquisition and/or construction purposes within communities participating in the NFIP.
Community participation in the NFIP is voluntary (although some States require NFIP
participation as part of their floodplain management program). Each identified flood -
prone community must assess its flood hazard and determine whether flood insurance and
floodplain management would benefit the community's residents and economy. It should
be understood that a community's participation status can significantly affect current and
future owners of property located in Special Flood Hazard Areas (SFHAs). The decision
should be made with full awareness of the consequence of each action. If a community
chooses not to participate, flood insurance under the NFIP is not available within that
community. Federal officers or agencies may not approve any form of financial
assistance for acquisition or construction purposes in a Special Flood Hazard Area
(SFHA). This would prohibit, for example, loans guaranteed by the Department of
Veterans Affairs, insured by the Federal Housing Administration, or secured by the Rural
Housing Services. If a Presidentially declared disaster occurs as a result of flooding in a
non -participating community, no Federal financial assistance can be provided for the
permanent repair or reconstruction of insurable buildings in SFHAs. Eligible applicants
may receive those forms of disaster assistance that are not related to permanent repair and
reconstruction of buildings.
Flood insurance availability has proven to be a desirable investment for the Town of Surf
• City.
-50-

a. Other Natural Hazard Areas
There are no other known natural hazard areas existing in Surf City.
(6) Storm Surge Areas
Storm surge is water pushed toward the shore by the force of the winds swirling around a
hurricane or low pressure meteorological system. This advancing surge combines with
the normal tides to create the hurricane storm tide (a.k.a., storm surge), which can
increase the mean water level 15 feet or more. Wind waves are superimposed on the
storm tide. This rise in water level can cause severe flooding in coastal areas, particularly
when the storm tide coincides with the normal high tides.
Wind is the major determinant in the classification of a hurricane. Any tropical storm
with sustained wind in excess of 74 mph is classified as a hurricane. Hurricanes are
judged by their power according to a model known as the Saffir-Simpson scale. This
measure of the power of a hurricane classes hurricanes according to a sliding scale from 1
to 5 (with category 5 storms as the most severe). Category 5 storms are rare.
Surf City would not be protected from the full brute force of a hurricane as a result of its
location as more inland communities would be. The friction or impact of the storm
hitting land from the water causes dissipation of the full force of the storm though there is
still tremendous energy left to overturn mobile homes, down power lines and other public
utilities, destroy crops, and fell trees. As Surf City is a municipality on the edge of the
ocean, the Town would feel the full effect of a storm. Despite this disturbing little fact,
which Town officials take quite seriously as they plan, the Town has survived many
stones and continues to flourish.
-51-
•
•

• The speed and strength53 of the storm is important. The Table below shows the amount
of acres which may be flooded by storm surge in Surf City by either a slow moving
hurricane or a fast moving hurricane.
•
Surf City Storm Surge/Acres of Innundation — City (fast)
Hurricane Rating
Acres Inundated
Total Acres
Percentage
Category 1 & 2
2,391
3,484
69%
Category 3
2,579
3,484
74%
Category 4 & 5
2,644
3,484
76%
Surf City Storm Surge/Acres of Innundation — City (slow)
Category 1 & 2
2,262
13,484
65%
Category 3
2,389
13,484
169%
Category4 & 5
2,593
13,484
74%
Surf City Storm Surge/Acres of Innundation — ETJ (fast)
CateRory 1 & 2
1474
1,402
34%
Category 3
1766
1,402
55%
Category4 & 5
1862
1,402
61 %
Surf City Storm Surge/Acres of Innundation — ETJ (slow)
Category 1 & 2
467
1,402
33%.
Category 3
508
1,402
36%
Category 4 & 5
778
1,402
55%
Wave and current action associated with the storm surge may cause extensive damage.
Water weighs approximately 1,700 pounds per cubic yard; extended pounding by
frequent waves can demolish any structure not specifically designed to withstand such
forces.
53 Hurricane strength is shown here according to the Saffir-Simpson scale (1 =
• lowest strength and 2 = highest strength).
-52-

(7) Non -coastal Wetlands (Probable 404 Wetlands)
Within the planning jurisdiction of the Town of Surf City exists areas of freshwater
wetlandssa
Surf City — Non -Coastal Wetlandsss
Acres Wetlands
Acres Total
Percent Wetlands
Municipal
11,076
3,484
31%
ETJ
1530
1,402
38%
Development activity in these areas is regulated. The State has authority through the
Clean Water Act to review federally permitted wetland disturbances (including dredge
and fill activities) to be sure the activities do not damage wetlands to the point they no
longer support their designated use. The NC Division of Water Quality (DWQ) performs
this review, which is called a 401 Water Quality Certification.
•
The types of non -coastal wetlands found in Surf City are freshwater wetlands (or
marshes) and seasonal wetlands. Freshwater wetlands are perhaps the most familiar type
of wetland. They are found alongside or within the roadside ditch and at the edges of
ponds and rivers. Freshwater wetlands, in whatever form they may take, are an
extremely important part of the natural areas of any community. They are habitat areas
for a variety of diverse plant and animal species and are often an important component
part of sensitive groundwater recharge areas. Seasonal wetlands fill with winter rains and •
will generally dry out during summer and fall. They are as ordinary as a puddle in the
backyard and yet are also critical, especially as breeding habitat, for a wide variety of
important species of animals. Since these seasonal wetlands are often smaller than one
acre, they are not well protected by existing regulations.
Section 404 of the Clean Water Act enables State and federal agencies to regulate
development activities occurring in wetlands. The 401 (previously discussed) and 404
programs require permits before disturbing wetland areas. The NC Division of Coastal
Management currently reviews U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (404) permits issued, for
projects over one-third of an acre in size, for consistency with Coastal Resources
Commission regulations and policies contained in local Land Use Plans. The majority of
freshwater wetlands permits requested are granted. It is not the intent of this process to
deny people the use of their land. The process is designed to give officials the
opportunity to work with people, and in some cases to modify projects, to lessen impacts
on wetlands.
54 These areas are to be understood as different from the coastal wetlands
identified in this document under the section AEC's. Coastal wetlands are composed of
areas of salt marsh.
55 This information was received from the NC Division of Coastal Management,
DENR, and the figures are estimated totals. Computation of the totals from the
information received was by Cape Fear Council of Governments. •
-53-

• (8) Water Supply Watersheds & Wellhead Protection Areas
•
There are no water supply watersheds in Surf City. There are also no water supply
watersheds in Region O (Pender County, New Hanover County, Brunswick County,
Columbus County56)
There is no well head protection ordinance in Surf City.
(9) Environmentally Fragile Areas
Fragile areas are areas which could easily be destroyed or damaged by inappropriate or
poorly planned development. Some of these areas, as noted below, are located within the
Town of Surf City. Policies to protect these areas are discussed in the land use plan
section on policy.
a. Wetlands
There are 3,484 total acres within the Surf City Town limits57. Of these, 921 are coastal
wetlands (or salt water marsh). Coastal wetlands therefore describe 26% of the municipal
acreage. There are 234 acres of coastal wetlands within the extraterritorial area (ETJ).
This acreage is 17% of the total area of the ETJ.
Exceptional wetlands58comprise 1,076 acres, or 32%, of the total acreage in the city limit.
These wetlands comprise 530 acres, or 38%, of the total area within the ETJ.
Surf Cit_v Wetlands59— Coastal & Exceptional
Total Acres
Coastal Wetlands— %
Exceptional Wetlands— %
Municipal
3,484
921— 26%
1,076 — 31%
ETJ
1,402
234 —17%
530 — 38%
56 There is a watershed protection area which extends into NE Columbus County.
This area is near the Cape Fear River and the Bladen County line. This is the closest
surface water supply protection area for Surf City.
57 This total includes wetlands and water.
58 This includes the following types: estuarine shrub/scrub, managed pineland,
swamp forest, pocosin, pine flat, hardwood flat, and various other cleared or cut over
wetland types.
59 This information was received from the NC Division of Coastal Management,
• DENR, and the figures were computed by Cape Fear Council of Governments.
-54-

b. Natural Heritage Areas6o •
The North Carolina Natural Heritage Program inventories, catalogues, and facilitates
protection of the rarest and most outstanding elements of the natural diversity of our
state. These elements of natural diversity include those plants and animals which are so
rare, or the natural communities which are so significant, they merit special consideration
as land use decisions are made.
By consolidating information about hundreds of rare species and natural communities,
the NC Natural Heritage Program is able to ensure the public is able to get the
information needed, to weigh the ecological significance of various sites, and to evaluate
the likelihood and nature of ecological impacts. This information supports informed
evaluations of the trade-offs associated with biological diversity and development
projects before plans have been finalized. The information gathered facilitates the
establishment of priorities for the protection of North Carolina's most significant natural
areas.
In the Town of Surf City the Natural Heritage Program has identified the "Surf City
maritime forest" as a significant natural heritage area. This area is 108 acres of the 3,484
total acres within the Surf City Town limit. Accordingly, the maritime forest is 3% of the
total area of the municipality. The maritime forest is on an island to the north of the Surf
City bridge along the AIWW (Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway).
The Natural Heritage Program has also identified 5 "natural heritage element •
occurrences" within the Town of Surf City. These are points where threatened or
endangered plants or animals have been sighted. In the case of Surf City two of the
sightings were for vascular plants and three were for vertebrate animals. As follows:
loggerhead turtle siting (on the beach front across from Cutlass Dive, which is part of
Pirate's Cove subdivision); southern hognose snake siting (in the Pleasant Cove
subdivision on Oak Drive); carolina diamondback terrapin siting (in Topsail Sound marsh
near the intracoastal waterway and Blackbeard's campground); seabeach amaranth (on
the beach front in the vicinity of Durham and Raleigh Avenues); and four -angled
flatsedge (in Topsail Sound marsh between intracoastal waterway and the new Topsail
Cove subdivision).
c. Areas Containing Endangered Species61
The term "endangered species" is used describe an animal or plant in danger of extinction
within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of its range. The term
"threatened species" is a classification provided to a plant or animal likely to become
endangered within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of its
range.
60 The information contained herein was obtained from the NC Natural Heritage
Program at their web site <http://www.ils.unc.edu/parkproject/nhp/overview.htm>.
Calculations were by Cape Fear Council of Governments.
61 U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service definition <http://southeast.fws.gov/es/glossary.html>. •
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• Areas which contain, or are likely to contain, endangered species in the Town of Surf
City's planning jurisdiction include the dry sand ocean front beach and dunes, the
marshes along the estuarine shoreline, and the forested areas of the Town's mainland
jurisdiction, including the extraterritorial planning area.
It is important to keep in close touch with agencies and with the officials employed by
these agencies charged with the protection of endangered species. Sightings of rare and
endangered paints and animals should be reported.
d. Prime Wildlife Habitats62
The term habitat describes the environment in which a plant or animal lives. This term is
all inclusive and may describe vegetation, soil, water, or other characteristics, or a
combination of characteristics. Prime habitat is an area in which a plant or animal lives
and which exhibits the highest quality or has excellent, or all necessary or desired
features in abundance, which describe the habitat.
e. Maritime Forests63
A "maritime forest" is a forested area or eco-community characterized by its stunted
growth due to the stresses imposed by its proximity to salt spray from the ocean. Typical
vegetation in these areas in North Carolina includes live oak, red maple, and swamp
tupelo.
There are only remnant stands of maritime forest existing on the barrier island beach
• within the Town of Surf City. The NC Natural Heritage Program has identified an area
which they have designated as the "Surf City maritime forest." This area is an island
within the Pender County portion of the coastal wetlands to the west of the barrier island
beach and to the north of the Surf City bridge. The island consists of 108 acres. All of
the island is shown by state records as covered by maritime forest.
(9) Additional Natural Features Identified by Surf City
The Town of Surf City finds it necessary to add no additional natural features to the
inventory previously described herein.
62 U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service definition
<http://www.rl.fws.gov/planning/gloss.htm>.
63 Definition from NC DCM<http://dcm2.enr.state.nc.us/Wetlands/types.htm>.
64 Telephone conversation with Town staff and email confirmation on January 29,
• 2003.
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Section 4: Composite Map of Environmental Conditions65 •
The Composite Map of Environmental Conditions is attached to the back of this
document. The plan user is referred there for further information. The map shows
environmental conditions at Surf City which are very similar according to the natural
characteristics to all barrier island beach communities in North Carolina. Surf City is not
unique in that it also includes portions of the mainland which are an annexed part of the
Town and other areas which are within the Town's extraterritorial planning jurisdiction.
Environmental Composite Categorization of Features — Surf City 66
Area
Class I
Class H
Class M
In -Town
1%
34%
65%
ETJ
0%
32%
68%
(A) Class I — land containing only minimal hazards and limitations that may
be addressed by commonly land planning and development practices
The only Class I rated lands within the Town of Surf City's planning jurisdiction are
shown as on the island in the northern area of Town between Broadway and 90' Street.
These lands constitute 1 % of the entire Town of Surf City and 0% of the ETJ.
Environmental Class
Natural Features & Hazards/Constraints
Class I 1 % of in -Town 0% of ETJ
-Non-wetland area or wetland rated beneficial and not high
potential risk (NC -CREWS) -Land located outside 100 year
flood hazard area -Land located outside storm sur a area
(B) Class H — land containing development hazards and limitations that may
be addressed by methods such as restrictions on types of land uses, special
site planning, or the provision of public services
The majority of land within the planning jurisdiction of the Town of Surf City is
categorized as Class II lands. These lands constitute 34% of the entire Town of Surf City
and 32% of the ETJ.
Environmental Class
Natural Features & Hazards/Constraints
Class H 34% of in -Town 32% of ETJ
-Estuarine shoreline -ocean erodible area -High hazard flood
area -Land located outside designated historic districts or more
than 500' from a historic or archaeological site -Soils with
moderate to severe septic limitations -Soils with moderate to
severe erosion hazards - Non -coastal wetland area rated
beneficial and high potential risk or substantial significance
(NC -CREWS) -Land located within a 100 year flood hazard
area -Land located within storm sure area
•
65 The Environmental Composite Map is based on the information provided by
the North Carolina Center for Geographic Information and Analysis and was received
from the NC Division of Coastal Management. The plan user is advised this information
is for planning purposes only and site specific decisions should be made by close analysis
of detailed information from a variety of sources.
66 Ibid. •
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Section 5: Environmental Conditions — The land use plan provides an assessment of •
the following environmental conditions and discusses the implications of development on
the resources.
(A) Water Quality
Healthy water contains a balanced amount of nutrients and will show normal fluctuations
in salinity and temperature. Healthy water also has plenty of oxygen and little sediment
so that underwater living resources can breathe or receive enough sunlight to grow.
Monitoring changes to North Carolina's water quality is important67' and the data
collected can help scientists make determinations about water quality.
•
Factors effecting water quality include: nutrients ... which are essential for plants and
animals, but too much can cause harmful effects; sediments ... which can cloud the water
and which can hamper the growth of or kill aquatic plants; water temperature ... which
affects when animals and plants feed, reproduce, and migrate; salini ... which greatly
determines where plants and animals live within the estuarine waters; dissolved oxygen
... which is essential for animals living within the estuary; and chemical contaminants ...
which can affect the growth, survival and reproduction of benthic organisms.
The water quality in the vicinity of Surf City is good. The quality of these waters is
furthermore believed to be attractive to prospective residents, current residents, tourism
oriented businesses, and to the development community. It is to the credit of the Town of
Surf City that good water quality has been maintained so well over years of increasing
population and development activity.
67 In NC water quality monitoring and the classification of coastal waters is done
by the NC Division of Water Quality, DENR. •
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• (C) Class III — land containing serious hazards for development or lands
where the impact of development may cause serious damage to the
functions of natural systems
•
•
There are limited areas of Class III lands within the planning jurisdiction of the Town of
Surf City. These lands constitute 65% of the entire Town of Surf City and 32% of the
ETJ. The majority of the land areas classified as Class III are on the mainland.
Environmental Class
Natural Features & Hazards/Constraints
Class III 65% of in -Town 32% of ETJ
-Coastal Wetland -Estuarine Waters -Public Trust/Protected
lands -Unvegetated beach area -Non-coastal wetlands rated
as substantial significance with high potential risk or
exceptional significance with or without high potential risk (NC -
CREWS) -Significant Natural Heritage Area -Inlet Hazard area
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• The barrier island beach portion of the municipality is nearing build out. It is not
anticipated that continuing development in this area will effect water quality. If
redevelopment of the beach should happen, or become necessary, care should be taken to
maintain standards which will allow the continuation of the excellent water quality
conditions which are currently extant. On the mainland, the Town has several large tracts
of currently undeveloped land which are adjacent to banks channel. The development of
these parcels of land will have water quality implications. The development restrictions
which may be placed on these parcels may have long-term implications for water quality.
As water quality impacts are cumulative, there is never just one source for the
degradation of our area waters. The Town of Surf City recognizes clean water as a
treasured asset and will strive to maintain a comprehensive planning program which will
take best management practices for water quality maintenance into consideration when
considering development proposals.
(1) Status and changes of surface water quality
The water quality within the planning jurisdiction of the Town of Surf City is excellent.
The entire area, known as Banks Channel or Topsail Sound, which lies behind the barrier
island beach is classified as SA waters. These waters were classified SA in 1981 and the
classification of these waters has not changed since that time.
(2) Current situation and trends on permanent and temporary
closures of shell fishing waters
. For coastal North Carolina, including those areas within the Surf City planning
jurisdiction, rainfall resulting in significant runoff is the element having the most
detrimental effect on water quality. Following a significant rainfall or storm event the
entire area of Topsail Sound (or all of coastal NC for that matter ... depending on the
vicinity of the rain event... may be closed to shellfishing. The area will be recommended
as closed by the Shellfish Sanitation Section after 0.5 inches (or greater) of rain within a
24 hour period or 0.75 inches (or greater) within a 48 hour period. Closure is
recommended by Shellfish Sanitation Section to the NC Division of Marine Fisheries
who implements and enforces the closures. Patrol of shellfish harvesting areas is the sole
responsibility of the Division of Marine Fisheries Law Enforcement Section.
•
Once an area of conditional or temporary opening has been closed, the area will not be
recommended to be opened again until sampling of both water and shellfish meats meet
approved area criteria.
Within the Town of Surf City there are several small areas which are permanently closed
to shellfishing. These areas are described in the literature as Old Settler's Canals, Sears
Landing, the water area adjacent to the new Town Park south of the bridge on the island
(described as Stump Sound Area 42-C), and the Surf City Marina area. Areas described
as conditionally closed include the Stump Sound and Chadwick Bay Area (north of the
bridge). These areas are shown on the Conditional & Closed Shellfish Areas Map
referenced in the Table of Contents and located in the back of this document.
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The Town of Surf City maintains, has maintained, and will continue to maintain a high •
level of water quality.
(3) Areas experiencing chronic wastewater treatment system
malfunctions
Nearly all of Surf City's residential and commercial structures are connected to the
Town's wastewater collection and treatment system. All new construction is required to
connect to the system.
There are no areas within the Town of Surf City which are experiencing chronic
wastewater treatment system malfunctions. There are no systems known to be effecting
the quality of the water within the estuary in the planning jurisdiction or in the vicinity of
the Town of Surf City.
(4) Areas with water quality or public health problems related to
non -point source pollution
There are no areas within the planning jurisdiction of the Town of Surf City which have
water quality or public health problems associated with, or as a result of, non -point
source pollution.
(B) Natural Hazards
The types of storm events which may catastrophically or negatively effect the Town of
Surf City includes hurricanes and tornados. Both types of storms are extremely powerful
and unpredictable forces of nature. Hurricanes are large low pressure systems which •
form in the tropics and may move into our region. These storms bring strong winds. (In
fact, the defining factor of a hurricane is that it must be a tropical disturbance with winds
in excess of 74 miles per hour (mph).) Hurricanes may spawn tornados which are severe
whirlwinds and which are extremely dangerous. There are four causes of fatality and
property damage during these two storm events. (1) high wind; (2) flood; (3) wave
action; and, (4) erosion. All four of these causes of property damage and death (high
wind and flood) are pertinent to Surf City.
Wind is the major determinant of a hurricane. Any tropical storm with sustained wind in
excess of 74 mph is classified as a hurricane. Hurricanes are judged by their power
according to a model known as the Saffir-Simpson scale. This measure of the power of a
hurricane classes hurricanes according to a sliding scale from 1 to 5 (with category 5
storms as the most severe). Category 5 storms are rare. Surf City, as a barrier island
beach, would feel the full force of a hurricane as a result of its location. The friction or
impact of the storm hitting land from the water causes dissipation of the full force of the
storm, so the inland areas would be somewhat protected, though there is still tremendous
energy left to overturn mobile homes, down power lines and other public utilities, destroy
crops, and fell trees.
Tornados are extremely forceful whirlwinds which effect a much narrower path than a
hurricane. These storms may have winds in excess of 300 mph and are the most
powerful wind storms. Rain may also be associated with these storm events. During a
tornado strike, structures built by man do not fare well and are most often completely •
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• destroyed. Tornados are more common visitors to Pender County than hurricanes. Over
water tornados are known as water spouts. Man's successful efforts to mitigate the effect
of tornados has been negligible due to the raw power of these storms.
As a result of possible hurricanes and tornados, wind stress is an important consideration
in emergency management and storm hazard mitigation planning for Surf City.
(1) Areas subject to storm hazards such as recurrent flooding, storm
surges, and high winds
Storm surge areas have been mapped as a part of this document. The map is included in
the back of this document.
Surf City is subject to flooding caused by wind and tides along the coast and sounds.
Storm surge, associated with low pressure systems with winds in excess of 74 mph, also
known as hurricanes, have also been the cause of flooding at Surf City. Periods of high
water are generally caused by a sustained wind velocity of 20-25 miles per hour out of
the east, especially the northeast, and the resulting erosion effect causes a threat is to
homes and businesses built along the ocean beach.
Any development or redevelopment within areas subject to flooding must be built
according to the requirements of the Town of Surf City Flood Damage Prevention
Ordinance. Minimum lot size requirements, consistent with the Flood Damage
Prevention Ordinance, are in the Zoning Ordinance and are mentioned in the Future Land
• Use Map classification categories discussion within this document. The development
restrictions imposed for these areas are strictly for the purpose of allowing property
owners the opportunity to better avoid or withstand natural hazards.
(2) Areas experiencing significant shoreline erosion as evidenced by
the presence of threatened structures or public facilities
According to a study conducted by the NC Division of Coastal Management, the long-
term average annual erosion rate within the Town of Surf City is 2 feet per year68. This
figure is consistent for the entire ocean shoreline within the Town. The 2 foot average
annual erosion rate figure is used consistently throughout coastal North Carolina for the
ocean shoreline areas where the average annual erosion rate is 2 feet per year or less.
Areas experiencing erosion include the AEC's designated as ocean hazard areas and the
estuarine shoreline.
The Town of Surf City is concerned about the long-term impacts of continuing erosion.
The Town has no particular area within its jurisdiction which is believed to be at more
risk than any other area. The Town believes that beach nourishment, followed by regular
renourishment, is the best method of dealing with the problem of erosion.
68 Average annual erosion rate data is published periodically by the NC Division
of Coastal Management. This information was received via email from James Rosich on
• March 6,
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(3) Estimates of public and private damage resulting from floods and •
wind since the last plan update
In the United States, according to the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA),
there are 4,406,664 flood insurance policies in force 69. Flood insurance is available in
19,859 participating communities nationwide70. There are 959 communities participating
in the community rating system, which accounts for 66% of the policies in force71.
FEMA Flood Insurance Policies in Force as of December 31, 2002
Number of Policies
Insurance in Force
Surf City
1,551
$245,119,800
North Carolina
101,216
$16,090,301,300
Loss Statistics (1978-2002) — Surf City—Pender County --North Carolina72
Total Losses
Total Payment
Surf City
1,662
$15,137,124.79
Pender County
578
$11,364,932.95
North Carolina
47,956
$554,004,322.40
Estimates of the damage since the last land use plan for Surf City are shown below.
Hurricane Fran, in 1996, was the biggest storm of the decade for the Town of Surf City.
The total amount of hurricane damage since the last land use plan is $5,004,959.
Damage/Loss Estimation for Surf City, North Carolina73
Event
Payments
Hurricane Bertha— 1996
$113,866.00
Hurricane Fran —1996
$2,583,089.00
Hurricane Bonnie —1998 $372,058.00
Hurricane Floyd —1999
$1,935,946.00
Total
$5,004,959.00
•
69 This information received from FEMA. The top five states are Florida, Texas,
Louisiana, California, and New Jersey. <http://www.fema.gov/>
70 The regular program has 19, 176 participating and the emergency program has
683 participating. <http://www.fema.gov/>
71 Federal Emergency Management Agency <http://www.fema.gov/>.
72 Federal Emergency Management Agency <http://www.fema.gov/>.
73 This information was received from the NC Department of Crime Control &
Public Safety, Division of Emergency Management, Disaster Recovery Operations
Center, via email from Gwendolyn Royal -Smith, PA/Advanced Infrastructure Mitigation,
919-715-8000 (ext. 223), April 2, 2003. •
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• (C) Natural Resources
The impacts of growth and development on natural resources should always be taken into
consideration when the approval of new development activity is considered by the
Planning Board or the Town Council.
(1) Environmentally fragile areas — where resource functions may be
impacted as a result of development
The Town of Surf City realizes development pressure in Town and within the
extraterritorial planning area on natural resources is increasing. As with all other
residents and visitors, they see the results of ongoing development activity everyday.
The Town Council and the Planning Board realize the need to develop a consensus and
direction about the future growth of Surf City. Natural resources protection is recognized
as a crucial element for the enhancement and preservation of the local environment and
for the quality of life of local residents. Surf City residents have expressed, through the
creation of this land use plan, a strengthening desire to preserve and protect the natural
environment.
While Surf City expects residential development to increase over the planning period for
this document, the Town also anticipates the possible location of commercial and light
manufacturing types of development activities. This expected progression is planned for
and desired. Such activities would provide employment for local residents and serve to
attract new residents, while also improving the status of Surf City's ongoing economic
development effort.
• Surf City is committed to preserving the beautiful and abundant natural resources of the
Town. Any residential, commercial, or other development activities permitted by the
Town of Surf City should be compatible with current regulations, development patterns,
AEC requirements, wetlands requirements, soil suitability, and must take measures to
mitigate any potential environmental degradation. The Town of Surf City anticipates an
influx of new residents and businesses during the planning period for this document.
New residential construction, and new retail/commercial development activities that are
consistent with the Town's land use policies and the zoning ordinance, will be welcomed.
(2) Areas containing potentially valuable natural resources
The Town of Surf City contains forested areas on the mainland, within both the
extraterritorial planning area and the municipal boundary, which are of value as a
commercial product. Sand has also been mined from pits located in the mainland portion
of Surf City. Sand is also available in large quantities on the barrier island, though local
elected and appointed officials and residents wish more would be piled upon the beach.
As natural resources mining and extraction operations are generally unpleasant to the
persons living in an area near where these activities occur, and as there are currently no
active extraction mining operations within the Town of Surf City, and since the Town
relies heavily on natural resources and the attractiveness of the area as a means of
drawing tourists and visitors, Surf City is generally opposed to the location of any large
or small scale natural resources extraction type operations requesting to locate within the
• municipal boundary or ETJ.
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Since the area outlined by the current municipal boundary and the ETJ is of limited size, •
and as this area and the resources therein are well known to area residents, it is believed
to be unlikely the area will be discovered as a potential source for commercially
marketable natural resources.
•
- 65 -

• Section 6: Analysis of Land Use & Development
•
(A) Existing Land Use Map
The existing land use map which shows barrier island and mainland municipal limits,
extraterritorial area boundaries, residential areas, commercial areas, public/government
areas, institutional/church locations, dedicated open space, and undeveloped land is
attached at the rear of this document.
(B) Land Use Analysis
(1) Types of Land Use in Surf City
The total area within the Town of Surf City municipal boundary is 3,484 acres. Within
the Surf City Town limits there are 2,505 separate parcels of land. The number of these
parcels in use, any use, is 1,480. The number of acres in the parcels being used is 796.
The table below shows various categories of existing land use within the Town of Surf
City.
Surf Citv Existing Land Use — in Municipal Area74
Acres
% of Total
76
Acres Per Person
Residential
564
45.8%
.40
Commercial
131
10.6%
.09
Open Space
12
.9%
.008
Public/Government
4
.3%
.003
Institutional
11
.9%
.008
utility
7
.6%
.005
Undeveloped"
500
40.9%
.35
TOTAL
1,229
100%
Within the Town of Surf City's ETJ there are 433 parcels of land. Of these 433 parcels,
220 are in use (any use). The number of acres in the parcels being used equals 113 acres.
There are numerous large and undeveloped parcels in the Surf City ETJ area.
74 This information was prepared by Cape Fear Council of Governments from
information provided by NC CGIA and the NC Division of Coastal Management, DENR.
The information is circa 2001. There are 3,484 acres in the Surf City town limits. A large
portion of the area within the municipal boundary is water or not to be developed
wetlands areas.
75 The total dry land area within the municipal limits is 1,229 acres.
76 The current population is 1,423. This is the 2001 population estimate by the
NC State Data Center based upon U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census,
information gathered in 2000.
• 77 This figure includes both mainland and barrier island properties.

The table below shows the various categories of existing land use within the Town of •
Surf City's extraterritorial planning area.
Surf City Existing Land Use — in EV78
Acres
79
% of Total
Residential
97
15.5%
Commercial
14
2.2%.
Institutional
2
.3%
Undeveloped
1513
82%
TOTAL
1626
100%
(2) Description of any land use conflicts
As a relatively small, tourist oriented, vacation community the Town of Surf City has
limited land use compatibility problems when compared with larger urban municipal
areas. There are the normal complaints of municipal residents concerning traffic, litter,
lighting and noise in the downtown area. The Town does not experience a problem to the
extent that maximum densities for residential dwellings have been established (due,
specifically, to this perceived crowding, which might be characterized as an
incompatibility $) nor have noise level reduction standards (outdoor to indoor or indoor to
outdoor) been established. There are no large manufacturing, industrial or mining type
operations in Town. No airports or other area establishments or entities are effecting
unbearable noise levels on the community.
Local officials believe the downtown area is crowded during warm weather months. •
While it is true to a psychological certainty that when many people are jammed into a
smallish area a number of these persons will have a perception of being crowded and
these persons will feel uncomfortable due to the empirically observed and/or felt effects
of traffic, noise, crowding or just "too many people," others will enjoy opportunities
resulting from these same effects ... as with retail stores enjoying increased business due
to increased foot and auto traffic.
The barrier island portion of Surf City has developed in what has become the traditional
type development for North Carolina beach communities of its size. There is a defined
downtown area and the remainder of the community is stretched out ... to the north and
south in a linear grid pattern ... on relatively small lots.
There is no significant problem of land use conflicts within this community that will not
be handled for the planning period by the traditional planning tools (including the
nuisance ordinance).
78 This information was prepared by Cape Fear Council of Governments from
information provided by NC CGIA and the NC Division of Coastal Management, DENR.
The information is circa 2001. There are 1,402 acres in the Surf City ETJ. A percentage
of the area within the ETJ boundary is water or not to be developed wetlands areas.
79 The total dry land area within the ETJ is 626 acres.
80 The zoning ordinance does have regulations limiting density. •
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• (3) Description of any land use — water quality conflicts
Within the last 30 years concern has risen about development effects on water quality.
Nationwide considerable resources have been committed to reducing water pollution
from agriculture (the single largest contributor to the nation's surface water quality
problem), sediments ands nutrients in runoff, and from the leaching of chemical residuals
from a variety of sources. It is important that policies to improve water quality be
designed to account for all costs and benefits of such policies in order to make the most
effective use of scarce resources.
In the Town of Surf City those areas of permanent shellfish closure are recognized as
areas where there seems to be some land use --water quality type conflict. Each of these
areas is listed below.
1) Old Settlers Canals —This area contains 7 long canals (some of these close to %2 mile
in length). The canals are separated by 2 lots (200 linear feet of distance— most lots are
(50' x 100')) and these lots are, on average, 5,000 square feet. Most of these lots are built
upon.
2) Surf City Marina — This is a small area of permanent closure, adjacent the marina,
which is caused by runoff from the marina's impervious surfaces.
3) Stump Sound Area (42-C) — This area is at the site of the new Town Park. The area
is adjacent the barrier island landing area for the Sears Landing Bridge Swing Bridge.
This site was, until recently, adjacent a cluster of trailers or mobile homes parked on the
spot. The clean-up and removal of these units may allow the waters to be restored to
• such an extent that conditionally open or open status may be achieved again at some
point in the future.
4) Sears Landing — This water area is adjacent the mainland. The mainland area
consists of single family dwellings on lots which are of various sizes but which are
required to be a minimum of 5,000 square feet according to the zoning ordinance.
•
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(4) Description of development trends •
Pender County is the sixth fastest growing county in North Carolina with a growth in
population over the period of 1990-2001 of 45.7%. Over this same time period the
population of the Town of Surf City grew at a rate of 46.7%. Within the last ten years
(1992-2002) the Town of Surf City issued 1,381 building permits. Of the total number of
permits issued for this period the vast majority were for single family residential projects.
This trend will continue.
Though it is anticipated that commercial development will continue both within the
extraterritorial area and within the mainland area municipal boundary within the next ten
years, it is expected that the majority of development both in Town and within the ETJ
will be residential type development activity. The population will therefore continue to
grow at a rapid pace. Surf City will continue to be one of the fastest growing areas of
North Carolina over the next ten years.
(5) Location of areas expected to receive development during the five
year period following plan certification and potential conflicts with
Class II or Class III land
All lands within the planning jurisdiction of the Town of Surf City are classified as Class
I, II, or III, and these areas are shown on the environmental composite map attache to this
document and located in the appendix.
Areas which are expected to receive development within the next few years exist both on •
the mainland and the barrier island portions of Surf City. On the barrier island
development will consist of in -fill on existing lots which have not yet received
development attention. There will also likely be redevelopment on the island 81. The
redevelopment will consist of single family units becoming multi -family properties.
Older properties will also be bought and rebuilt to the requirements of the current
ownership. The general trend on the barrier island will be to go from less dense to more
intense type development. Development will occur on small lots.
On the mainland, both within the municipality and the ETJ, development and growth will
continue. It is expected that several of the large tracts of now vacant land on the
mainland will be developed within the next five years. As a result of this expected
occurrence population growth, and the concurrent growth in the need for municipal
services, will accelerate faster on the mainland than on the barrier island.
Some of the areas which are expected to receive the anticipated growth are shown on the
Environmental Composite Map as Class II or Class III areas. Care will need to be taken
with development projects in these areas so that natural systems are not harmed by the
81 Prior to the removal or demolition of structures a rodent control program may
be necessary. Though this has not been known to be a problem at Surf City, we are
advised that the State of North Carolina, Public Health Pest Management Section, may be
of some assistance on this matter. They may be contacted at 919-733-6407. •
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• development of these lands. The full range of municipal services, including the public
wastewater system, will be available for these areas.
(C) Historic, Cultural, & Scenic Areas
The land use plan contains information on these areas, if pertinent and available, since the
preservation of these areas serves to help preserve the character of the community and
since history lends meaning to a place. Surf City, which became an incorporated
municipality in 1947, is a relatively young community. The setting for Surf City, Topsail
Island, has a storied and colorful past laced with the stories of pirates, hurricanes, and
fishermen.
(1) Historic Structures
In 1996-97 a comprehensive survey of historic and archaeologic sites in Pender County
was conducted with grant and technical assistance from the State Historic Preservation
Office 82. The inventory, which became a part of the statewide inventory, showed Pender
County contains over 300 prehistoric and historic archaeologic sites. Pender County has
11 National Register listings, including 3 structures associated with the U.S. Naval
Ordnance Testing Facility on Topsail Island83.
Within the Town of Surf City the Sears Landing Swing Bridge, which was built in 1954
following the destruction of the original pontoon bridge to the island (taken out in 1952
by Hurricane Hazel), is worthy of note.
• There are no NC Department of Cultural Resources identified historic structures within
the planning jurisdiction of the Town of Surf City.
(2) Scenic Areas
The Surf City area is abundantly blessed with a beautiful and scenic setting. The beach,
the intracoastal waterway, the pristine estuarine and ocean waters, all provide both
visitors and residents with limitless opportunities for the enjoyment of nature and the
natural environment of coastal North Carolina. The Town of Surf City is justifiably
proud of its beautiful setting.
(D) Projections of Future Land Needs
The projection of future land needs in Surf City are based upon the permanent population
projections. As follows:
82 The State Historic Preservation Office is in the Division of Archives and
History in the NC Department of Cultural Resources.
83 The 3 structures are: U.S. Ordnance Testing Facility Assembly Building (in
Topsail Beach); U.S. Naval Ordnance Testing Facility Observation Tower 2 (in Topsail
Beach); and the U.S. Naval Ordnance Testing Facility Control Tower (in Topsail Beach).
•
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Surf City Permanent Population Projections for 2005 & 2010 Year (based on 2000) •
Surf City 2000 population = 1,393
Surf City 2005 population projection =1,594 (The increase anticipated is 14.5%.)
Surf City 2010 population projection =1,797 (The increase anticipated is 29%.)
Surf City Permanent Population Projections for 2020 (based on 2010 estimate)
Surf City population projection for 2010 =1,797
Surf City population projection for 2020 = 2,200 (The increase anticipated is 22.4%.)
The permanent population of Surf City in 2001 is 1,423 persons. The projected
population for 2005 is 1,594 persons. The difference is 171 persons. The average
number of persons per residence in the Pender County portion of Surf City is 2.0389.
The corresponding number of persons per residence in the Onslow County portion of
Surf City is 1.9597. The average of these 2 numbers is 1.9993. We will average this to
be 2.0 persons per residence.
The minimum residential lot size established by the zoning ordinance in Surf City is
5,000 square feet. The least amount of land necessary to accommodate a growth of 171
persons in the permanent population with the average number of persons per residence
would be 9.8 acres S4. Figuring the other projected minimum population land needs in the
same way, we get:
-2005 additional acreage necessary to accommodate population growth projections = 9.8 •
acres
-2010 additional acreage necessary to accommodate population growth projections = 21.5
acres
-2020 additional acreage necessary to accommodate population growth projections = 44.6
acres
If we use the same figures for the present population, we need approximately 82 acres to
accommodate the residential areas of municipal Surf City. The actual area covered is 564
acres. If 1,423 persons need 564 acres, we see the following needs by using this same
ratio 85:
-According to this method the 2005 population growth will need an additional 67 acres
-According to this method the 2010 population growth will need an additional 148 acres
-According to this method the 2020 population growth will need an additional 307 acres
84 This was figured as follows: 171 = increase in population ... 171 divided by 2 =
85.5, which is the number of lots of minimum size necessary to accommodate the growth.
If these lots are of minimum size 85.5 X 5,000 = 427,500 square feet. There are 43,560
square feet in an acre. Divide 427,500 by 43,560 = 9.81 acres.
85 The methodology here is to divide 564 by the population (1,423) and to
multiply the result (.3963) by the population increase to show additional acres needed if
the current development pattern is followed. •
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• Residential development within the Town will be accompanied by necessary open space,
public/government, institutional, utility, and commercial growth. If we follow the acres
per person calculations presented in our Existing Land Use — in Municipal Area table86,
we see:
Additional Commercial Acreage Projections:
-2005 = 171 additional residents X .009 acres per person (based on 2001) =1.5 acres
-2010 = 374 additional residents X .009 acres per person (based on 2001) = 3.4 acres
-2020 = 777 additional residents X .009 acres per person (based on 2001) = 7 acres
Additional Open Space Acreage Projections:
-2005 = 171 additional residents X .009 acres per person (based on 2001) = 2 acres
-2010 = 374 additional residents X .009 acres per person (based on 2001) = 3 acres
-2020 = 777 additional residents X .009 acres per person (based on 2001) = 7 acres
Additional Public/Government Acreage Projections:
-2005 = 171 additional residents X .003 acres per person (based on 2001) _ .51 acres
-2010 = 374 additional residents X .003 acres per person (based on 2001) =1.1 acres
-2020 = 777 additional residents X .003 acres per person (based on 2001) = 2.3 acres
Additional Institutional Acreage Projections:
-2005 = 171 additional residents X .009 acres per person (based on 2001) =1.5 acres
-2010 = 374 additional residents X .009 acres per person (based on 2001) = 3.4 acres
-2020 = 777 additional residents X .009 acres per person (based on 2001) = 7 acres
Additional Utility Acreage Projections:
-2005 = 171 additional residents X .006 acres per person (based on 2001) =1 acre
-2010 = 374 additional residents X .006 acres per person (based on 2001) = 2.2 acres
-2020 = 777 additional residents X .006 acres per person (based on 2001) = 4.6 acres
Additional Acreage Requirements, 2005/2010/2020
2005
2010
2020
Residential
minimum = 9.8 acres
maximum = 67 acres
minimum = 21.5 acres
maximum = 148 acres
minimum = 44.6 acres
maximum = 307 acres
Commercial
1.5 acres
3.4 acres
7 acres
Open Space
2 acres
3 acres
7 acres
Public/Gov't
.51 acres
1.1 acres
2.3 acres
Institutional
1.5 acres
3.4 acres
7 acres
utility
1 acre
2.2 acres
4.6 acres
TOTAL
74 acres
161 acres
335 acres
86 Current ratios are not to be taken as correct but are presented as a basis for our
calculations. We may already know, for example, that additional open space is necessary.
• If we know this we should adjust our needs and plans accordingly.
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The maximum additional acreage, according to the current ratios, necessary for growth •
anticipated is as follows:
-2005 = 74 acres
-2010 = 161 acres
—2020 = 335 acres
Though it is likely the Town of Surf City will annex again before the year 2020, even
though no annexations are now anticipated or planned, the amount of land available
currently exceeds the amount of land which will be required to accommodate anticipated
growth to the year 2020.
•
•
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• Section 7: Analysis of Community Facilities
As a part of the production of this Advanced Core Land Use Plan the Community
Facilities Plan element was enhanced. The results of this enhanced effort are what herein
follows.
(A) Public & Private Water Supply Systems
Units of local government that provide public water service, either individually or
together with other units of local government, are required to prepare a local water supply
plan and to submit the plan to the NC Department of Environment & Natural Resources,
Division of Water Resources. These water supply plans are useful in the analysis of
water use and in the projection of future water need.
The last local water supply plan repared for the Town of Surf City was submitted to the
Department on August 15, 200017' This plan reported on the municipal water services for
1997. The total water use reported for 1997 was 102.284 MG (million gallons). The
average daily water use in 1997 was .28 MGD (million gallons per day). The number of
metered connections reported was residential = 1,200; and commercial 150. The use for
each category was as follows: residential = .19 MGD; and commercial = .089 MGD.
This gives the total use figure of .28 MGD.
Surf City — Water Use Information
Number of Connections Average Use
• Residential 1,200 .19 MGD
Commercial 150 .089 MGD
Total 1,350 .28 MGD
The largest average daily system use in Surf City is in July (0.436 MGD). The largest
maximum day water was in the month of August (0.633 MGD).
Surf Citv — Averaize Dav & Maximum Dav Water Use By Month, 199789
Month
Average Daily Use
Maximum Daily Use
January
0.172 MGD
0.286 MGD
February
0.163 MGD
0.215 MGD
March
0.207 MGD
0.330 MGD
April
0.259 MGD
0.382 MGD
May
0.295 MGD
0.475 MGD
June
0.351 MGD
0.518 MGD
July
0.436 MGD
0.619 MGD
August
10.433 MGD
0.633 MGD
September
10.328 MGD
0.414 MGD
87 A copy of this plan was received from the Town of Surf City Planning
Department and was used for the preparation of this section of the land use plan.
88 Surf City local water supply plan, 1997.
is
89 Surf City local water supply plan, 1997.
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October
0.293 MGD
0.442 MGD
November
0.219 MGD
0.392 MGD
December
0.180 MGD
0.375 MGD
Water is supplied though 2 wells located on the mainland (a third well is currently under
construction.): Well #1 is 164 feet deep with a casing depth of 103 feet. The well is 8
inches in diameter. The pump intake is at 103 feet. The average daily withdrawal for the
days used was 0.140 MGD. In the most recent year, well #1 was used for 364 days. The
maximum daily withdrawal for well #1 is 0.612 MGD. The 12 hour supply is 0.306
MGD and the capacity is 0.648 MGD. Well #2 is 166 feet deep with a casing depth of
106 feet. The well is 8 inches in diameter. The pump intake is at 106 feet. The average
daily withdrawal for the days used was 0.140 MGD. In the most recent year, well #2 was
used for 364 days. The maximum daily withdrawal for well #2 is 0.648 MGD. The 12
hour supply is 0.324 MGD and the capacity is 0.648 MGD.
The water treatment plant for the Surf City water system has a permitted capacity of 1.26
MGD. The systems finished water storage capacity is 0.1 million gallons90
The water supply plan indicates ground water levels are not systematically monitored.
Surf City does not have a wellhead protection program in place.
•
The Town of Surf City is in the process of considering offering a portion of its water
supply for sale to the Town of Topsail Beach. This sharing of resources is possible •
through an interconnected system of 8 inch pipes. The Town of Surf City, in 2004, is
seeking an additional site for another municipal well to meet the areas need.
There are no private water supply systems operating within the Town of Surf City's
planning jurisdiction. Water is provided to ETJ area residents by individual well
systems.
90 Plans and specifications for all water system improvements must be approved
by the Division of Environmental Health, NC Department of Environment & Natural
Resources, prior to the award of a contract or the initiation of construction. Plans for
water line relocation must also be submitted for review and approval. For information,
contact the Public Water Supply Section at 919-733-2321. •
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• (B) Public91 & Private Wastewater Systems92
There are no private wastewater systems operating within the Town of Surf City. There
are, however, still a few private septic systems operating. Connection to the public
system is now required of all residents and businesses within the Town 93. New
construction, repairs, and all other instances requiring the issuance of a building permit
now require the recipient to be connected to the public wastewater system.
Average Dailv Wastewater Discharges,1997
Month
Average Daily Discharge
January
0.143 MGD
February
0.193 MGD
March
0.172 MGD
April
0.161 MGD
May
0.170 MGD
June
0.300 MGD
July
0.313 MGD
August
0.326 MGD
September
0.249 MGD
October
0.185 MGD
November
0.214 MGD
December
0.138 MGD
• As shown, and as anticipated, the warm weather months during the tourist season are the
months which show highest average daily wastewater discharges.
The NC Clean Water Act of 1999 requires that the operators of wastewater treatment
systems report annually to the system's customers on the performance of the system over
a 12 month period. The last report�repared for the Town of Surf City covered the period
from July 1, 2001 to June 30, 2002 4.
The wastewater collection and treatment system wastewater discharge is pumped to a
land application treatment facility located off NC 50 between Surf City and Holly Ridge.
The facility includes 2 grit removal chambers, a flow splitter box, a bar screen, 3 aerated
lagoons in a series (with a total volume of 19 million gallons), a gaseous chlorinator, a
chlorine contact chamber, and 2 effluent storage ponds with a volume of approximately
4.7 million gallons, and approximately 88.5 acres of spray irrigation fields. The
wastewater collection system includes 30 pump stations.
91 The Town of Surf City Utilities Director is Dean Wise — 919-328-1055.
92 The information contained in this section is from the 1997 Water Supply Plan.
This is the most recent information available.
93 The exception to this rule is in the Channel Bend Subdivision (with 15 users)
where connection to the public system was not required due to the destruction which
would have been caused to the maritime forest as a result of connection.
• 94 The information reported here was taken from this report.
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The wastewater treatment plant has spray irrigation application limits of 10.73 inches for
December 1 to March 31 and 60.38 inches for April 1 to November 30. These limits
have never been approached according to the Annual Report. Treatment plant effluent is
monitored for 7 indicators of water quality95 3 times per year. Laboratory results have
revealed no problems associated with water quality. The wastewater treatment plant also
includes 3 monitoring wells on 8 dimensions of water quality96. No water quality
problems have been discovered in laboratory tests of the water from these wells.
The permitted capacity of this facility97 is 0.600 MGD (or 600,000 gallons per day). The
design capacity is also 0.600 MGD. The average annual daily discharge ranged, in 2002,
from a low of .136 MGD in January to a high of .567 MGD in July.
The public sewer system does not serve the ETJ. All residents and businesses in the ETJ
are on septic systems.
Expansion of the wastewater system is under consideration.
•
0
95 The 7 indicators are: pH, biochemical oxygen demand, total suspended solids,
Kjeldahl nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, and fecal coliform.
96 The 8 items checked are: fecal coliform, dissolved solids, pH, TOC, chloride,
total ammonia, nitrates, and total phosphorus.
97 According to the Wastewater System Annual Report, dated August 26, 2002. •
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(C) Transportation Systems
A Transportation System Map has been included with this document. The map is located
in the appendix. Additionally, a Transportation Plan element accompanies this document
as a separate Appendix item (Appendix J). The location of this plan element is given in
the Table of Contents.
Locally Owned Roads Mileage — Surf City, 200298
Dirt
Soil/Stone/Gravel
Hard Surface
Total Miles
Pender County
0
1.36
8.88
9.24
Onslow County
0
10
4.90
4.90
(D) Stormwater Systems
There are no man made stormwater control systems within the Town of Surf City's
planning jurisdiction.
(E) Beach & Sound Access
The Town of Surf City recognizes beach access areas as important recreational features
for coastal Towns. Within the Town of Surf City, on the island, there are 34 ocean beach
access points. Surf City has 24 neighborhood type access areas (with parking) and 10
local access areas (no parking). The total number of parking spaces available for beach
visitors is 268. There are no legally recognized access areas on the mainland.
• Sound side access is available to the public at Sound Side Park, adjacent the Sears
Landing Swing Bridge, on the island. This site is a part of a recognized urban waterfront
which has historically existed in Surf City. The beautiful, clean, abundant, and prolific
waters surrounding the island have always effected the style of life for the community.
This urban waterfront area gives Surf City a solid connection between past and present.
The area gives recognition to the maritime history of the area and gives Surf City citizens
the opportunity to reflect upon and to enjoy the beautiful scenic vista and the commercial
opportunities nearby. The development of this urban waterfront area is expected to
continue through the planning period for this document.
The urban waterfront area of Surf City includes the municipal park99 just south of the
bridge and extends northward beyond the marina, and encompasses the waterfront
properties north to Goldsboro Avenue across from Town Hall.
The beach nourishment project, currently in the planning stages, will allow the ocean
beach to continue to serve as a wonderful recreational amenity for continuing human
recreational use and will preserve the natural biological function of the area.
98 The Town of Surf City is located in both Pender and Onslow County. The
municipality owns these roads not the county.
99 This reference is to Sound Side Park, which was previously mentioned in this
• section.
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(F) Other Facilities •
There are no other known major community facilities which will impact the growth and
development of the Town of Surf City during the planning period for this document.
•
•
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• Section 8: Land Suitability Analysis
Coastal ecosystems are extremely complex, sensitive, and subject to the continuing
influences of both nature and man. Certain lands within coastal ecosystems are more
suitable for development because of their attributes. This suitability for development was
pointed out earlier in this document in the recognition and environmental classification of
all lands within the Town of Surf City. Choices were made as a part of this planning
process by the Town of Surf City regarding development type and density in all areas of
the Town. The presentation of this analysis was done with the Environmental Composite
Map. The environmental classification of land, shown on the Environmental Composite
Map, which was done with the suggested State ratings model, gives us a clear picture of
land suitability. The Land Suitability Map shows those land areas deemed most suitable
for development within the Town of Surf City. The most suitable areas for development
in Surf City coincide with the developed lands shown on the Existing Land Use Map, and
the density projections and use standards as pictured graphically according to the Town's
Zoning Map. The Future Land Use Map is also consistent with the analysis of land
suitability) .
As of today, there is a somewhat limited amount of land available for first-time initial
development on the island portion of Surf City. The pattern here over the next 20 years
will be in -fill of existing lots, the re -subdivision of lots, and re -development. On the
mainland, in Surf City and in Surf City's ETJ, there is no shortage of land suited for
development within the planning period. Once the wider extension of municipal services
to the mainland is complete, this will accelerate development here.
Land Use Plan policy concerning growth directs development to the lands best suited for
development. This has happened as a result of much thought and careful consideration of
natural features and Land Use Plan policy. A Land Suitability Analysis Map is included
as a part of this document and is located in the back of the Land Use Plan.
(A) Water Quality
The water quality of the waters adjacent to Surf City and the Surf City planning
jurisdiction/ETJ is very good. The continued development of municipal and ETJ lands
according to the development plan described in this land use plan and in the zoning
ordinance should present no problems for the water quality of the area.
100 Those areas shown on the Land Suitability Map as "least suitable" should not
be taken as or confused as being unsuitable but should be recognized as land which may
need to be considered for lower density projects or for the possibility of more necessary
human intervention or engineering before such land will become possible for
• development.
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(B) Land Classes I, II, and III — Summary Analysis
The Environmental Composite Map showing the location of these land classes is included
in the back of this document. Land is classified according to a sliding scale with Class I
land as the most suitable and Class III as the least suitable101
In Surf City Class I land is less than 1 % of the in -Town land area and 0% of the ETJ.
Class II land is the majority of the land within Surf City and the Surf City ETJ. Class III
land in Surf City is limited to several tracts on the mainland which are within both the
ETJ and the municipality.
(C) Proximity to Existing Developed Areas & Compatibility with Existing
Uses
Development activity in the barrier island portion of Surf City in the future will consist
largely of in -fill of existing vacant lots and redevelopment of previously developed
tracts/areas. Residential development on relatively small lots has always been the
primary type of development activity in Surf City, on the barrier island, and this trend
will continue. It is anticipated that limited commercial development activity will occur
on the island.
On the mainland ... new development will occur on large tracts which have remained (to
date) undeveloped. This development will be on lots which are larger in size, on average,
than the lots on the island. Commercial development is expected to occur on the
mainland. The area along the causeway, leading to the swing bridge, will be the focus •
area. The causeway commercial area development is desired to serve the visitors to the
island.
It is anticipated the proposed commercial development, if curb cuts are not limited, will
slow travel onto the island. This may caused the perceived traffic problems in the
downtown area of Surf City to seem worse. The implementation of land use policies in
this document will help to alleviate this problem.
The Town's zoning ordinance and subdivision regulations will be the primary tool to
resolved any land use compatibility problems.
(D) Potential Impact of Development on Cultural Resource Areas
The continuing development of land within the planning jurisdiction of the Town of Surf
City should have no detrimental effects to existing cultural resource areas.
(E) Land Use Requirements of Local Development Regulations, CAMA Use
Standards, & Other Applicable State & Federal Regulations
Land development regulations have been reviewed as a part of the preparation of this
document. Local ordinances have been found to be consistent with state and federal
regulations.
ioi As is usually the case, the earliest residents or investors here took the land
they deemed as best and built there first. •
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•
is
•
(F) Availability of Community Facilities — Water, Sewer, Transportation
Public water and sewer service are available in Town only. Connection to these public
systems is required. In the ETJ the primary method of wastewater disposal is by septic
system. Water is provided to ETJ area residents by individual well systems. As these
areas may be annexed over time, public services will be available and required to the new
municipal residents. No shortage of supply is expected.
Local transportation service consists of the ownership and maintenance of streets, roads,
and sidewalks. Bicycle paths, an improvement which will be located adjacent existing
roads, are expected.
These community facilities will remain available through the planning period. There will
be no limitations to the development of land due to the unavailability of these public
services.
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Section 9: Review of 1992102 CAAIA Land Use Plan •
The purpose of the review of the current Land Use Plan section is for the local governing
body to review its success in implementing the policies and programs adopted in the plan
and the effectiveness of those policies in achieving the goals of the plan.
The policies from the 1992 (listed following) were gone over in detail and discussed,03
prior to the creation of new policy for this land use plan.
A. Effectiveness of Policy from the 1992 Land Use Plan
The 1992 Surf City Land Use Plan was not a plan which called for dramatic changes or
which charged leaders with the responsibility for charting a completely new course of
action. The people of Surf City wanted then what they want now. Today the Town of
Surf City still, in 2005, wishes to remain what it is and has basically been throughout its
history ... a quiet residential community. The policies in the 1992 Land Use Plan
reflected this opinion. The use of existing local, state, and federal rules and regulations
was seen as the means by which this overriding goal could be achieved. This is what that
document presented in 1992 and it is what was approved.
Surf City is a growing but relatively small sized beach Town, both in population and land
area. The Land Use Plan policies from 1992 have been successful for more than 10 years
in maintaining the desired small Town look, feel, and atmosphere. It can therefore be
said that the generalized policies from the previous Land Use Plan were effective and
were successfully implemented by Town officials.
B. Existing Conflicts Between 1992 Land Use Plan Policy & Local •
Ordinances
There are no existing conflicts between 1992 Town of Surf City Land Use Plan policies
and current (2005) local land use ordinances
C. List of 1992 Land Use Plan Policies
The policies from the 1992 Land Use Plan (listed following) were gone over in detail and
discussed prior to the creation of new policy for this Land Use Plan. Discussion of each
policy centered on the policy implementation status, implementation constraints, the
application of the policy, and the policy effect on the Town.
constraints to development — certain elements of our natural environment should not only
be protected, but are in general unsuitable for urban development and are therefore
102 The title or name on the cover of the previous plan refers to 1992. The
previous plan was actually adopted locally and by the NC Coastal Resources Commission
in 1993.
103 Discussion of each policy centered on the policy implementation status
(implemented, partially implemented, not implemented), implementation constraints
(none, administrative, financial, impractical, political), application of policy, and the
policy effect on Town. This analysis proved to be an extremely effective way to create
policy for this land use plan.
•
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• considered constraints. These natural resource constraints are certain soils, flood prone
areas and wetlands.
Implementation status (implemented, partially implemented, not implemented)
soils — to permit development only on those land areas having soil characteristics suitable
for intended uses. Since the town provides a central wastewater collection and treatment
system, soil characteristics for septic tank use are not critical concerns for the
incorporated area. Within the extraterritorial area and within a few scattered locations
within the town limits where septic tanks may be the only practical alternative, septic
tanks will be permitted for properties having soil characteristics suitable for on site
sewage disposal.
flood prone areas — to permit development within flood prone areas only if done in a
manner that will minimize the loss of human life and damage to property
wetlands — the town recognizes the critical functions and values associated with coastal
and freshwater wetlands, and accordingly, the town supports the protection of wetlands.
coastal wetlands — activities shall be restricted to those which do not significantly affect
the unique and delicate balance of this resource. Suitable land uses include those giving
the highest priority to the protection and management of coastal wetlands, so as to
safeguard and perpetuate their biological, social, economic, and aesthetic values to
establish a coordinated management system capable of conserving and utilizing coastal
• wetlands as a natural resource essential to the functioning of the entire estuarine system.
Highest priority of use shall be allocated to the conservation of existing coastal wetlands.
Second priority shall be given to those uses that require water access and cannot function
elsewhere.
estuarine waters — In recognition of the importance of estuarine waters for the fisheries
and related industries as well as aesthetics, recreation, and education, Surf City shall
promote the conservation and quality of this resource. Activities in the estuarine waters
areas shall be restricted to those which do not permanently or significantly affect the
function, cleanliness, salinity, and circulation of estuarine waters. Suitable land or water
uses include those giving the highest priority to the conservation and management of
these areas so as to safeguard and perpetuate their biological, social, economic, and
aesthetic values and to establish a coordinated management system capable of conserving
and utilizing estuarine waters in order to maximize their benefits to man and the estuarine
system. Highest priority of use shall be allocated to the conservation of estuarine waters
and its vital components. Second priority shall be given to uses that require water access
and cannot function elsewhere.
estuarine shorelines — Surf City recognizes: (1) the close association between estuarine
shorelines and adjacent estuarine waters; (2) the influence shoreline development has on
the quality of estuarine life; and (3) the damaging processes of shorefront erosion and
flooding to which the estuarine shorelines are subject. Suitable land uses are those
compatible with both the dynamic nature of estuarine shorelines and the values of the
• estuarine system. Residential, recreational, and commercial land uses are all appropriate
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•
types of use along the estuarine shoreline provided that: (a) —a substantial chance of
pollution occurring from the development does not exist (b) —natural barriers to erosion
are preserved and not substantially weakened or eliminated (c) the construction of
impervious surfaces and areas not allowing natural drainage is limited to only that
necessary to adequately service the development (d) — standards of the NC Sedimentation
Pollution Control Act of 1973, as amended, are met (e) - development does not
significantly interfere with existing public rights of access to, or use of, navigable waters.
public trust areas — in recognition of certain land and water areas in which the public has
certain established rights and which also support valuable commercial and sports
fisheries, have aesthetic value, and are resources for economic development. Surf City
shall protect these rights and promote the conservation and management of public trust
areas. Suitable land or water uses include those which preserve and manage the public
trust areas in order to safeguard and perpetuate their biological, economic, social, and
aesthetic value, e.g. dredging and bulkheading.
ocean hazard areas — (1) to the maximum extent feasible, and consistent with a property
owner's rights to reasonable use of his property, use of land in ocean hazard areas shall
be located, designed, and constructed so as to maximize a structure's protection from
wind and water and to minimize damage to the protective land forms of dunes and
beaches in accordance with CAMA regulations. (2) Preferred erosion control measures to
combat ocean front erosion shall be beach renourishment projects and small scale
techniques such as using sand fences, beach grass planting, and discarded Christmas
trees. (3) Newly created dunes shall be aligned, if possible, with existing adjacent dune
•
ridges and shall be of the same general configuration. (4) Adding to dunes shall be
accomplished in such a manner that the damage to existing vegetation is minimized.
Filled areas shall be immediately replanted or temporarily stabilized until planting can be
successfully completed. (5) Land uses permitted in the ocean erodible areas shall be those
permitted by the town zoning ordinance. (6) Land uses in flood hazard areas shall be
those permitted by the town zoning ordinance, which shall include residential,
commercial, and institutional; provided, however, that all new construction shall meet
requirements of the Surf City flood damage prevention ordinance.
land uses and densities in proximity to ORW's — n/a ... there were no outstanding
resource waters and no policy was give on this issue area.
maritime forests — it shall be the policy of the town to encourage the maintenance of the
existing maritime forest and shrub thickets by only allowing development that will cause
the least practicable disruption to the maritime forest cover. All uses currently permitted
under the town zoning ordinance will be allowed ib such areas but only if consistent with
the above policy. T allow for specific implementation, it shall be the town's policy that
any development within a designated maritime forest or shrub thickets area, shall file a
site plan with the town prior to the issuance of any building permits. Further, the town's
zoning ordinance will be amended to designate all maritime forest or shrub thickets areas
as a "conservation overlay zone" and any multi -family development within such zone
shall be permitted only as a conditional use.
•
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• wetlands — the town supports protection and preservation of wetlands (freshwater,
marshes, "404" and pocosins).
shell fishing waters — it is town policy to recognize this valuable and fragile resource by
providing protection through the enforcement of all applicable regulations to
development or land disturbing activities having a possible impact upon these waters.
Additionally, the town will assist and advise other governmental agencies having
jurisdiction over protection of these waters and along adjoining estuarine shorelines.
cultural, historic and archaeological resources — it is town policy to cooperate with state
and federal agencies or other individuals and institutions in the protection and
identification of significant existing or yet unidentified cultural, historical, or
archaeological resources. The town will notify the NC Dept of Cultural Resources of
proposed development in any potentially sensitive area within the town's planning area.
protection of potable water supply — it is the policy of Surf City to protect and
beneficially develop its groundwater resources.
use of package treatment plants and alternative treatment s s� — the town has in
operation a central wastewater collection and treatment system. Therefore package
treatment plants and alternative treatment systems are not allowed within the
incorporated area. However, package and alternative systems will be allowed in the
• extraterritorial area if all applicable governmental regulations are met.
stormwater runoff— it is the policy of the town to promote the best available management
practices to minimize the threat of pollution from stormwater runoff. This will be
accomplished through site plan reviews, as required by the town's development
ordinances (zoning & subdivision regulations). Examples of these practices include
using pervious or semi -pervious materials, for driveways and walks, retaining natural
vegetation along marsh and waterfront areas to retain its natural filtering properties, and
allowing stormwater to percolate into the ground rather than discharging it directly to
coastal waters. Stormwater detention ponds can also reduce the direct discharge of
pollutants to coastal waters. The town will comply with NC Div of Environmental
Management standards for stormwater runoff. The town will develop a stormwater
management ordinance within the next planning period.
•
marinas, floating home development and boat dry stack storage facilities — it is the policy
of Surf City to consider the appropriateness and desirability of any proposal to construct a
marina on the basis of impact on neighboring uses including aesthetics, hours of
operation, traffic generation including ability of the existing road network to adequately
handle peak traffic loads; environmental impacts including water quality and dredge spoil
disposal sites; and consistency of the proposal with other policies of the LUP. Further,
floating homes are prohibited as town ordinances prohibit living aboard any vessel. The
town will develop and consider amendments to the zoning ordinance that will more
clearly regulate small marinas (marinas having fewer slips than those regulated by
CAMA).
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•
industrial impacts on fragile areas — industrial development is not considered an
acceptable use within the island portion of Surf City. Within the extraterritorial area light
industrial development will be considered for certain portions of the ETJ only if the
following conditions are met: (1) CANIA minor or major permits can be obtained (2)
Applicable zoning ordinance provisions are met (3) Within coastal wetlands, estuarine
waters, and public trust waters, no industrial use will be permitted unless such use is
water dependant.
development of sound & estuarine system islands — it is town policy to allow
development of sound and estuarine islands, if such development is consistent with the
land classification map and applicable town and other governmental regulations.
sea level rise — Surf City is aware of the issue of sea level rise due to global warming
being debated within the scientific community. The town will monitor sea level rise
literature and will respond accordingly by amending applicable regulatory instruments.
upland excavation for marina basins — it is town policy to allow upland excavation for
marina basins, provided all aspects of the marina are consistent with local, state and
federal policies and regulations.
damaging of existing marshes by bulkhead installation — the town does not oppose
bulkhead installation provided construction is consistent with 15A NCAC 7H (guidelines
for development in AEC's). Bulkheads must be constructed landward of significant
marshland areas. Installation of bulkheads must not damage marshes.
•
productive agricultural lands — this resource is found only in limited areas only within the
extraterritorial jurisdiction (ETJ) area on the mainland. Agricultural uses are permitted
within the ETJ, along with residential and certain non-residential uses. Agricultural lands
are not afforded protection beyond those measures applied to lands suitable for non-
agricultural uses.
commercial forest lands — this resource is found only in portions of the ETJ area on the
mainland. Forestry activities are permitted within the ETJ, along with residential and
certain non-residential uses. Lands used for forestry are not afforded protection beyond
those measures applied to lands suitable for non -forestry use.
existing and potential mineral production areas — no existing or potential mineral
production areas have been identified within Surf City's planning jurisdiction. No policy
is therefore given.
commercial and recreational fisheries — The town will support recreational and
commercial fishing through the protection of shellfish and fin fish nursery and habitat
areas. Therefore, any development which will profoundly and adversely affect coastal or
estuarine waters will be prohibited by applicable regulations. During the design,
construction and operation of water dependent developments, efforts must be made to
•
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• mitigate or prevent negative effects on water quality that would have an impact upon
nursery or habitat areas.
outstanding resource waters — no waters within the town's planning jurisdiction have
been designated "outstanding resource waters" (ORW) by the NC Environmental
Management Commission. However, the town is committed to the protection of
estuarine waters as a means of preserving fish nursery and habitat areas and the town is
committed to the protection of estuarine waters for their recreational values.
trawling activities in estuarine waters — trawling in estuarine waters within the tow's
jurisdiction shall be allowed, if such activity is in compliance with NC Division of
Marine Fisheries regulations.
off -road vehicles — off -road vehicles for commercial and recreational fishing shall be
permitted on the beach between 9/10 and 5/15, during daylight hours provided such
vehicles are manufactured four wheel drive vehicles and have a valid beach permit issued
by the town of Surf City. Vehicles for permanently physically disabled persons may be
operated on the beach at any time of the year within an area extending to 1,000 feet south
of th vehicular access point near Kinston Avenue.
residential, commercial and industrial land develonment impact on anv resources — It is
town policy to limit development to residence and certain institutional and commercial
uses within the incorporated area. Within the ETJ certain additional uses such as
• agriculture, heavy commercial and light industrial uses may be permitted. All proposed
developments within the planning area are reviewed by the town with an objective of
minimizing or eliminating any negative impact upon the area's natural resources.
impact of peat or phosphate mining on any resource — n/a ... there are no peat or
phosphate mining areas in Surf City thus no policy was given on this issue.
types and location of desired industries — industry is not a permitted use of land within
the incorporated town. Certain light industrial operations, compatible with adjoining land
uses, are permitted within the area of extraterritorial jurisdiction.
local commitment to providing services to development — the town provides potable
water, wastewater collection and treatment, solid waste collection and police protection
services to all town residents and property owners. Fire protection and emergency
medical services are provided through financial support of volunteer departments.
Administrative services, including zoning ordinance enforcement, CAMA regulations
enforcement and building inspection are provided. Within the extraterritorial area fire
protection, rescue services, zoning ordinance enforcement and building inspection
services are provided. The Pender County Sheriff s Department provides police
protection with the extraterritorial area.
types of urban growth desired — town policy is to permit residential and certain
institutional and commercial land uses within the incorporated area. Preferred
• commercial uses are those necessary to provide retailing and services to residents and
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visitors. A broader spectrum of land uses is permitted in the ETJ. These additional uses •
include agriculture, heavy commercial and light industrial.
redevelopment of developed areas — the town supports and encourages redevelopment,
upgrading and adaptive reuse of properties. The re -subdivision or in -filling of existing
platted properties is preferred over the development of areas requiring new street and
utilities. Relocation of structures threatened or endangered by ocean erosion is
encouraged.
community gppearance — the town is committed to the upgrading of the town's
appearance.
commitment to state and federal programs — the town supports state and federal programs
such as erosion control, beach nourishment, public access, highway improvements and
channel dredging.
assistance to channel maintenance and beach nourishment projects — the town supports
channel maintenance and beach nourishment projects undertaken by local, state and
federal agencies or sponsorship.
energy facilily siting and development — electric generating plants are not permitted
within the Surf City planning area. Windmills may be permitted through the issuance of
a special use permit. •
inshore and outer continental shelf (OCS) oil or gas exploration or development — the
town does not oppose OCS oil or gas exploration or development, provided an
environmental impact statement has been prepared and a finding of no significant impact
on the environment has been made.
tourism — tourism is the major component of the town's economy, and is therefore
promoted directly and indirectly.
beach & estuarine water access — policies are listed in the 1990 Public Shoreline Access
Plan.
anticipated residential development — the predominant residential types anticipated are:
single family (both conventional and manufactured), duplexes, low rise multi -family
(townhouse and condominiums). The anticipated densities will range from a low of 4.3
units per acre for single family developments to a high of 24.0 units per acre in certain
multi -family developments. Manufactured units are located primarily at the north end of
town and within the extraterritorial area. Other dwelling types are located with a fairly
homogenous mix throughout town. Increased water supply facilities, and incremental
increases in police and fire protection (will be necessary).
land use trends and cagyina capacity analysis — the most remarkable development trend
observed during the last five years (1988-93) has been the development (and
redevelopment) of commercial properties in the central portion of Surf City. These •
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• commercial properties include five restaurants, and a number of facilities housing
retailing and services.
•
continuing public participation — the town will encourage public involvement in the land
use plan updating process. The town will seek to ensure that all segments of the
community have a full and adequate opportunity to be informed and to participate in the
planning decision -making process. The town's policy on public participation consists of
four components: (1) public participation plan (2) public education on planning issues (3)
continuing public participation in planning (4) citizen input in developing land use plan
policy statements.
storm hazard mitigation, post -disaster recovery and evacuation plan — various policy
guidance is given in the 1993 land use plan.
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•
Town of Surf City Land Use Plan, Part II
Part 2 — Plan for the Future
Section 1: Surf City Community Goals
This land use plan section lists the Town of Surf City's future land use goals. These
goals represent the desired end towards which the land use plan and its policies are
directed. The summary statement of goals also give a clear overall picture of values and
the general principles which guide and describe the Town's development and •
redevelopment.
(A) A Comprehensive List of Community Goals
The six goals herein listed are a result of detailed analysis and discussion of key issues
confronting the Town of Surf City. The goal statements were originally reviewed and
approved by the Town of Surf City Planning Board and were subsequently approved by
the Town Council. These goals encompass the planning vision created early in the
planning process and also the technical analysis of existing and emerging trends
discussed in Part 1 of this document. The goals listed here provided the Town with a
framework for the development of policies and programs.
"To maximize public access to the beaches and the public trust waters of Surf Citv."
LAND USE COMPATIBILITY GOAL
"To ensure that development and use of resources or preservation of land minimizes
direct and secondary environmental impact, avoids risks to public health, safety and
welfare and is consistent with the capability of the land based on considerations of
interactions of natural and man-made features."
INFRASTRUCTURE CARRYING CAPACITY GOAL
"To ensure that public infrastructure systems are properly sized, located and managed so
the quality and productivity of AECs and other fragile areas are protected or restored."
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E

•
NATURAL HAZARDS AREAS GOAL
"To conserve and maintain barrier dunes, beaches, flood plains, and other coastal
features for their natural storm protection functions and their natural resources giving
recognition to public health, safety, and welfare issues."
WATER QUALITY GOAL
"To maintain, protect, and enhance water quality in all coastal wetlands, creeks, and
estuaries.
LOCAL AREAS OF CONCERN
"To integrate local concerns with the overall goals of the North Carolina coastal program
in the context of land use planning."
Section 2: Policies for Growth & Development
The main purpose for the creation of a land use plan is to provide guidance for
development activity. To provide the necessary guidance the land use plan gives
statements of policy. Land use plans are, most importantly, policy documents. The
Town of Surf City recognizes that the basic information on the Town (which is contained
in Part 1 of this document) is for the purpose of helping the plan user, who may be a
Town official, a developer, or a local citizen, to understand the existing situation in Surf
City so that appropriate public and private sector decisions can be made concerning the
future growth and development of the Town. The policies in this document are reflective
• of the desires of the Town of Surf City for future growth and development.
It is important for land use plan users to realize the vision of local leaders for this
community for the planning period. The plan section on policy, which follows, gives
plan users an extensive view of this picture. The Town of Surf City is sensitive to the
need to preserve and protect the natural environment and to preserve the natural
amenities and conditions which may be impacted by the activities of man. Surf City
seeks to allow development activity which will be consistent with the policies listed in
this section and which will fit in and will allow minimal environmental degradation. The
Town expects continuing growth, which will be primarily residential, through the
planning period. The Town also expects additional commercial growth. Surf City will
strive to maintain the small Town character which it currently exhibits and will seek to
accommodate and to welcome new businesses, residents, and visitors within the
community.
•
For each of the policies listed in this section the Town of Surf City has considered a
planning period of twenty years. A great deal of time was spent in the writing, reviewing
and editing of these policies. In each instance, alternative policies have also been
considered and these alternatives have been analyzed. Those policy choices made by
Surf City officials are what herein follows.
The policies listed here, unless otherwise noted, apply to both the island and mainland
portions of Surf City's planning jurisdiction.
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Public Access Goal & Policies: •
I "To maximize public access to the beaches and the public trust waters of Surf Citv." I
The Town of Surf City is committed to providing excellent public access to the public
beach and to the waters of the Atlantic Ocean and Topsail Sound. This commitment
springs from historic precedent as the residents and the public in Surf City have always
enjoyed excellent public access to the municipal beaches and waters surrounding the
community.
As time goes by, and as the size of the municipality has grown, both through population
growth and in size through annexation, the challenges of providing excellent public
access become greater. Planning for public access is important for the Town of Surf
City. Thinking ahead, proactive planning, cooperation, and dealing with issues before
they become significant problems are the recognized and important characteristics of Surf
City leadership. The elected officials, appointed boards, and staff at Surf City have
proven themselves up to the challenges faced by a modern municipality.
Surf City is the gateway community to Topsail Island. Traffic regularly passes through
Surf City on the way to North Topsail Beach. In a more fundamental way, the Town of
Surf City is connected to the Town of Topsail Beach. All traffic to Topsail Beach must
pass through Surf City. Surf City leaders are consequently proving daily, by their good
example, their commitment to intergovernmental cooperation and to the concept of
working together for a better island lifestyle experience. The public access component of
this plan, as rendered below, reflects Surf City's commitment to public service in the area
of public access. •
All policies related to public access should be understood to be directed towards the
concept of municipal participation in beach nourishment and restoration projects.
(1) Support for Beach & Water Access
(2)(2)(A)(1)a. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to support beach and estuarine
water access projects within Surf City, within the Surf City extraterritorial area, in Pender
County, in Onslow County, and throughout coastal North Carolina.
(2)(2)(A)(1)b. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to support the study,
exploration, assessment and development of estuarine access opportunities for the public
to enjoy. The Town wishes to construct, buy, and develop more recreational
opportunities for local citizens.
(2)(2)(A)(1)c. — Surf City will upgrade existing municipal park and beach access
facilities to encourage the attraction of more tourism oriented business customers to the
community and to serve the needs of the permanent and seasonal resident public.
(2)(2)(A)(1)d. The Town of Surf City seeks to provide public access opportunity for
all citizens and visitors. A system of public access sites shall be constructed and
maintained to give all geographic areas of the island easy access to the sound and ocean
beach.
•
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• (2) Acquisition of Access Sites & Parking Sites
(2)(2)(A)(2)a. — The Town of Surf City will seek to acquire and develop new public
park properties for the enjoyment of residents and visitors.
(2)(2)(A)(2)b. — The Town of Surf City will maintain and develop excellent beach
access facilities, parking, and amenities for the enjoyment of residents and visitors.
(2)(2)(A)(2)c. — It is the policy of Surf City to provide adequate parking for residents
and visitors.
(2)(2)(A)(2)d. — Surf City policy is to provide parking opportunity according to the
needs described in the Surf City Beach Access Plan.
(2)(2)(A)(2)e. — Surf City policy is to provide parking in locations convenient to public
access site visitors. Parking opportunities for visitors to Surf City may include off -site, or
off -island, locations.
(2)(2)(A)(2)f. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to require the use of best
management practices, to include the use of pervious materials, for the construction of
driveways and parking spaces.
(3) Funding for Access Improvements
(2)(2)(A)(3)a. — Surf City will seek financial support from both Pender and Onslow
. County for the funding of public beach access areas.
(2)(2)(A)(3)b. — The Town policy is to pursue NC Division of Coastal Management
shoreline access grants for public access facility projects.
•
(2)(2)(A)(3)c. — Town policy is to pursue all public and private funding opportunities
for public access to area waters. The Town will seek public funds (County, State, and
federal funds) and private funds to expand both passive and active park and recreational
lands and public water access opportunity.
(2)(2)(A)(3)d. — It is to policy of the Town of Surf City to continue concerted efforts to
research, develop, and finance a major and ongoing beach restoration program in Surf
City.
(2)(2)(A)(3)e. — Surf City Town policy is to pursue NC DCM planning grants for access
and recreational program projects and studies.
(2)(2)(A)(3)f. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to include sound side public
access planning as a part of all publicly funded shoreline access documents.
(2)(2)(A)(3)g. — It is Surf City policy to provide municipal funding and to seek
alternative means of funding for the purchase of sound side public beach access.
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(4) Community Image — Wholesome, Family Oriented, Fun for All •
(2)(2)(A)(4)a. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to make all land use decisions
consistent with the Town's desire to continue as a wholesome, family -oriented
community for residency, business, and for tourism.
(2)(2)(A)(4)b. — It is the policy of the Town to encourage the development of
wholesome and environmentally friendly privately operated recreation and amusement
opportunities for the enjoyment of residents and visitors.
(2)(2)(A)(4)c. — It is the policy of Surf City to seek to encourage and to stimulate the
development of day camps and recreational programming opportunities for young people.
(2)(2)(A)(4)d. — The Town of Surf City will discourage and/or prohibit by ordinance
those activities which are deemed to be inconsistent with a wholesome, family -oriented
community atmosphere.
(5) Urban Waterfront
(2)(2)(A)(5)a. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City that the area defined in this
plan as the city's urban waterfront area will be developed in such a way as to maximize
the public use of space in close proximity to Topsail Sound. Areas to be developed
within the urban waterfront area include space which may, in some cases be over Topsail
Sound and non -water dependant.
(6) Planning for Access •
(2)(2)(A)(6)a. — It is the policy of the Town to plan thoughtfully, carefully, and
rationally and in advance of the necessity for action. In keeping with this policy, the
Town of Surf City will create a long-range Shoreline Access Plan and the Town will
create a Master Plan for Recreation.
(2)(2)(A)(6)a. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to create a long-range plan for
mainland public access areas to Topsail Sound and to construct the planned access areas
thereby providing access from the mainland to Topsail Sound.
(2)(2)(A)(6)b. — Surf City recognizes the need for the provision of parks and open space
and adequate public access to the water. Surf City supports the Coastal Resources
Commission's public access program and recognizes the need to plan for all types of
recreational facilities in appropriately sited locations.
(2)(2)(A)(6)c. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to supply community services
for the resident public and visitors through a professional, well thought out, rational
process and to exceed the common expectations, whatever those expectations may be, of
the individual persons or corporations to be served.
(2)(2)(A)(6)d. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to create an access plan which
will include a map of all public beach access points within the Town of Surf City.
•
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• (7) Access Areas Will Be Clean, Well Maintained, & Landscaped
(2)(2)(A)(7)a. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to set a good example, through
landscaping, beautification, and the maintenance of municipal properties, for land owners
throughout the community and the area.
(2)(2)(A)(7)b. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to provide a clean public beach
environment. The Town of Surf City will create a management plan for the maintenance
and care of municipal public access facilities. This plan will provide for the regular pick-
up and clean-up of trash and debris.
(2)(2)(A)(7)c. — Surf City Town policy is to effectively maintain the municipal system
of public beach access areas in such a way as to provide neighboring residents with a
clean and safe, nuisance free, municipal neighbor. Noise, trash or other debris, junk, and
rotting or dangerous or unsightly facilities will be promptly fixed by the municipality.
(2)(2)(A)(7)d. — It is Surf City Town policy to enforce public nuisance or disturbances
at public access areas through the police powers of the municipality. Vandalism,
littering, or careless, aggressive, wanton behaviors, will not be tolerated by the
municipality at public access sites.
(2)(2)(A)(7)e. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to work with interested private
citizens and businesses to create, improve, and keep clean municipal public access sites.
(2)(2)(A)(7)f. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to begin a public access
• program component whereby local businesses or individuals may adopt -an -access area.
•
(8) Provision of Public Access Is a Shared Responsibility
(2)(2)(A)(8)a. — The Town Surf City will require new development projects, and
redevelopment projects, to make provisions for a comprehensive network of public water
(ocean and sound side) access facilities. The Town will require bicycle paths and
pedestrian walkways in neighborhoods and on area collector streets and arterials.
(9) Intergovernmental Cooperation on Access
(2)(2)(A)(9)a. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to work with the Pender and
Onslow County Parks and Recreation Department to help meet municipal and area
recreational need.
(2)(2)(A)(9)a. — It is Surf City policy to work with state, federal, and local area
governments on the provision of a system of bike paths covering the island. Bike paths
with access to both island and off island restaurants, shopping areas, and other points of
interest, will be provided.
(2)(2)(A)(9)a. — It is Surf City Town policy to provide a planned system of bike paths
which will extend to the Town limits to provide neighboring local governments the
opportunity to tie into the Surf City bike path network.
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(10) Shoreline Access — Public Trust & Private Rights •
(2)(2)(A)(10)a. — It is the policy of Surf City to permit the use of shoreline and public
trust waters to provide benefits to the public. Surf City Town policy recognizes and
supports the riparian access rights and needs of private property owners.
(11) Access Opportunity for Bicycles & Pedestrians
(2)(2)(A)(11)a. — The Town of Surf City will develop a network of bikeways and
pedestrian walkways for the use and enjoyment of residents and visitors.
(2)(2)(A)(11)b. — It is Surf City policy seek to create bicycle paths, to increase
pedestrian sidewalks, and to strictly enforce traffic and other laws which will enhance the
safe, and healthful use of public access facilities.
(2)(2)(A)(11)c. — It is the policy of Surf City to construct a network of bike paths
throughout the Town to provide bike access to residential areas, shopping areas, and the
municipal system of beach access locations located throughout the Town.
(2)(2)(A)(11)d. — It is Surf City Town policy to pursue funding for bike paths planning
and facilities from the NC Department of Transportation.
(12) Federal Agency Requirements Will Continue to be Exceeded
(2)(2)(A)(12)a. — It is the policy of Surf City to continue to provide access to public
trust waters through the acquisition, development, and redevelopment of beach and sound
access areas, parks, and boat launching areas. This development and redevelopment •
activity shall be consistent with the need to protect area natural resources. Surf City will,
in the future, seek financial assistance from State and federal sources to support the
development, and/or expansion, of parks and recreational facilities in appropriately sited
locations.
—The Town seeks to provide one neighborhood public access area every %2 mile
along the beach. Parking spaces will be provided for the neighborhood public
accessways within 1/4 mile radius.
The Town seeks to provide local access areas every 1/4 mile to give
neighborhood residents/pedestrians and bicyclists access to the beach. Parking
may be available at Surf City local access areas.
The Town of Surf City seeks to provide public access opportunities for all area
residents and visitors.
(13) Public Access Is a Major Priority
(2)(2)(A)(13)a. —Surf City considers beach access as a major priority. It is town policy
to: 1) provide reasonable means and opportunities for all members of the public to have
access to the beach and other public trust lands and waters at designated access points,
provided such means do not conflict with the rights of residents to the use and enjoyment
of their property; 2) encourage the use of non -auto oriented transportation methods such
as bicycling and walking on the town's beach and waterfront areas; 3) prohibit all traffic
on dunes except at designated access points and upon ramps or walkover structures; 4)
consider future beach and water access improvements based upon the availability of land
and funds for such projects, and a demonstrated need for further improvements. •
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• (14) Access for All — Support for a Conference Center
(2)(2)(A)(14)a. — It shall be the policy of the Town of Surf City to site, design, and
develop an area conference center in Surf City to support the expansion of tourism and to
expand the recreational season for local groups, churches, civic groups, and others.
(15) Ocean & Sound Access — Experience all the Island Offers
(2)(2)(A)(15)a. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to give equal attention to the
provision of shorefront access to both the ocean and sound and to thereby offer a
complete island experience to residents and visitors.
(2)(2)(A)(15)a. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to provide adequate sound
side public access opportunity for resident boaters and visitors.
(16) Management & Maintenance of Public Road Right -of -Ways
(2)(2)(A)(16)a. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to work with the NC
Department of Transportation on the management and maintenance of public road right-
of-ways.
(17) Signage & Ownership
(2)(2)(A)(17)a. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to clearly and legally identify
the location and extent of all public access areas. These access areas are to be maintained
free of encroachment by neighboring property owners and signs shall be installed at all
public access areas designating these properties as public beach access.
• (2)(2)(A)(17)a. — It is the policy of Surf City to provide directional and informational
signage at public beach access locations.
•
(2)(2)(A)(17)b. — Surf City policy is to provide signs at public beach access locations
which will indicate the geographic location of the site being visited. The "You Are
Here" type of sign will serve to orient beach visitors and will help to alleviate traffic
conditions.
(2)(2)(A)(17)c. — It is Surf City policy to number and name beach access sites to assist
with management and the provision of emergency services.
(2)(2)(A)(17)d. — It is the policy of Surf City to provide educational signs for residents
and visitors. The signs will deal with topics such as: sea turtles (if you are lucky enough
to see one, leave her alone; also cover up the holes after you build your sand castle before
you leave for the day), no littering, leave the beach cleaner than you found it (no fishing
line, no cigarette butts), and dune protection.
(2)(2)(A)(17)e. — It is the policy of Surf City to use directional signs at Sound Side Park
to inform the public of access site locations, public events, bridge openings, festivals, and
other public events.
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(2)(2)(A)(17)f. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to use Sound Side Park as a •
location for the display and disbursement of information about public beach access
opportunity within the Town of Surf City.
(18) Dune Crossover Structures — Preserve Dune
(2)(2)(A)(18)a. — It is the policy of Surf City to provide dune crossover structures at
public access sites to preserve the natural dune system, to protect indigenous vegetation,
and to prevent breaching of the barrier provided by the frontal dune during a storm event.
(19) Boaters Beach
(2)(2)(A)(19)a. — Surf City policy is to provide sound side access which will allow
visiting and resident boaters access at designated "boaters beaches," visual enjoyment of
the scenic qualities of the sound side of Topsail Island, and use and access to the high
ground of the island and the public trust beach.
(20) Construction of Access Facilities
(2)(2)(A)(20)a. — Surf City policy is to use appropriate construction materials for public
facilities. The Town will routinely consider the continuing function and maintenance of
public facilities in the selection of construction materials.
(2)(2)(A)(20)b. — It is Surf City policy to provide handicapped access to the public's
beaches.
(2)(2)(A)(20)c. — It is the policy of Surf City in construction projects to use design •
features which may deter vandalism.
Land Use Compatibility Goal & Policies
"To ensure that development and use of resources or preservation of land minimizes
direct and secondary environmental impact, avoids risks to public health, safety and
welfare and is consistent with the capability of the land based on considerations of
interactions of natural and man-made features."
The Town of Surf City is a beautiful place for residents and visitors to enjoy. The
beautiful blue water, the sandy beach, the friendly people ... all of this and much more is
available at Surf City. People have come to the Town of Suf City for a variety of
reasons. The varied reasons people find this area attractive are as different as the
personalities of the people who come. From a statistical standpoint what is undeniable is
that they have come to visit and they have come to stay ... in increasing numbers.
These increasing numbers have caused some challenges in the area of land use
compatibility. This is not just an aesthetic concern. Though people are concerned about
preserving community appearance. There are also concerns about the scale and size of
development projects, concerns about population growth and the increasing impervious
surface coverage and what impacts this may have on the waters of Topsail Sound ... a
resource treasured by all. People are concerned about natural resources protection and
the disappearance of indigenous vegetation, development in wetlands, protection of
•
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• cultural resources and the retention of the small Town character and feel residents and
visitors have come to know and to love.
The continuing growth of Surf City during the planning period covered by this document
is anticipated. If this growth is not managed in such a way as to protect these treasured
local values, then the municipality will become more homogenized and less distinct.
The land use plan policies in the area of land use compatibility are shown in the
following section.
(1) Areas with Development Limitations
(2)(2)(B)(1)a. — Surf City Town policy is to cooperate with permitting agencies, such as
the NC Division of Coastal Management, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, and the Pender
and Onslow County Health Department, and others, to restrict and regulate development
in wetlands, coastal wetlands, estuarine waters, and public trust areas. Development
projects proposed for these areas which are not consistent with the local ordinances
and/or State and federal environmental protection regulations, will not be permitted in
Surf City.
(2) Permitting Development Compatible with Resources
(2)(2)(B)(2)a. — As a means of controlling any inappropriate or damaging development
activities within AEC's, the Coastal Area Management Act calls upon the CRC, in
cooperation with coastal local governments, to implement a permitting program. The
• intent of this program is not to stop development but rather to ensure the compatibility of
development with the continued productivity and value of critical coastal land and water
areas. These areas are defined as Areas of Environmental Concern (AEC's). The Town
of Surf City endorses this permitting system as a means of managing and protecting the
coastal resources of North Carolina.
•
(2)(2)(B)(2)b. — The Town of Surf City policy is to support the NC Division of Coastal
Management and their enforcement of the STATE GUIDELINES FOR AREAS OF
ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERN (Subchapter 7H of Chapter 15A of the NC
Administrative Code, or 15A NCAC 7H, or the regulations governing development
activity in AEC's), and to give special attention to the protection and appropriate
development of AEC's.
(2)(2)(B)(2)c. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to use land use controls, within
the constraints of the zoning ordinance and subdivision regulations, to protect and
preserve natural resources and scenic views throughout the Town's planning area.
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(3) The Size & Scale of Development Matters •
(2)(2)(B)(3)a. — It is the policy of Surf City to limit the size of residential dwellings and
to prevent the construction of huge houses incompatible with the small Town appearance,
feel, and custom long-term residents have come to enjoy.
(4) We Discourage Development Harmful to Property Values
(2)(2)(B)(4)a. — It is Surf City policy that development activity which would be harmful
to property values or the quality of life of those residents already established is
discouraged. Compatibility of proposed development with the future land use map
(located in the back of this document) is desired.
(5) Managed Growth
(2)(2)(B)(5)a. — The Town of Surf City is expected to grow within the planning period.
The Town of Surf City desires to manage this growth. The Town's policy toward growth
is expressed in the following comments: Surf City believes in managing and directing
the Town's growth and development. It is Town policy that development should be
based on: 1) the suitability of land to accommodate the use; 2) the capacity of the
environment; 3) compatibility with Town goals; 4) densities allowable in sensitive areas;
5) the availability of support facilities and services; and 6) Town policy is that residential
and commercial development will be encouraged to occur in a manner which will not
overload traffic conditions.
(2)(2)(B)(5)b. — The Town, in general, supports the preservation of areas which are
suitable for agricultural activity on a statewide basis. This support and approval does not Is
extend to agriculture activities within the Town of Surf City's planning jurisdiction.
(2)(2)(B)(5)c. — Surf City policy will support any efforts by governmental and private
agencies to wisely manage the natural resources of the region.
(2)(2)(B)(5)d. — Surf City policy is to protect the Town's natural resources through the
enforcement of adopted ordinances, which will be consistent with land use plan policy.
Surf City policy is to protect and to conserve resources through site evaluations,
enforcement of building codes, subdivision and zoning ordinance development and
enforcement, and through the consistency provision of the Coastal Area Management
Act.
(6) Redevelopment of Developed Property
(2)(2)(B)(6)a. — There are older developed areas within Surf City's planning
jurisdiction. The Town encourages and supports redevelopment of these areas for the
purpose of land use compatibility and aesthetics. Restoration and fix up of any historic
structures is encouraged. It is the Town's policy that redevelopment, like new
development, must be conducted according to existing development guidelines as is
reflected (or as maybe reflected) in future Zoning, Subdivision, Flood Damage
Prevention Ordinances and others.
(2)(2)(B)(6)b. — Surf City policy is that development and redevelopment activity should
always happen in a way which will avoid creating problems. The overriding •
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• consideration at Surf City is the public's health, safety, and welfare. Surf City policy
supports the development and redevelopment of Town lands in such a way as to avoid
creating problems to neighboring property owners and future owners of the property
being developed.
(7) Urban Waterfront — Mixed Uses Are Supported
(2)(2)(B)(7)a. — The Town of Surf City by policy supports mixed -use type development
in the area designated as urban waterfront.
(8) Surf City Wishes to Maintain Maritime Forest
(2)(2)(B)(8)a. — It is the policy of Surf City to encourage the maintenance of existing
maritime forests. Though only small isolated areas meeting the traditional description of
maritime forest remain, development designed to cause the least practicable disruption to
the maritime forest cover shall be permitted if such development is done in accordance
with the appropriate provisions of all applicable state, federal, and local regulations,
laws, and ordinances. Uses currently permitted under the town's subdivision regulations
and zoning ordinance will be allowed in areas with maritime forests only if such
development is consistent with the appropriate ordinance and is deemed to be consistent
with the policy of causing the least practicable disruption.
(9) Designated Urban Waterfront — Coastal Wetlands Impact
(2)(2)(B)(9)a. — Coastal wetlands are areas of salt marsh or other marsh subject to
regular or occasional flooding by tides, including wind tides. The management objective
• of the NC Coastal Resources Commission for coastal wetlands is to conserve and manage
these areas so as to safeguard and perpetuate their biological, social, economic, and
aesthetic values. The highest priority is given to conservation of these areas. The second
highest priority of use is for those types of development which require water access and
cannot function elsewhere. The Town of Surf City is supportive of the state's position on
the protection of coastal wetlands. Surf City Town policy is that coastal wetlands in Surf
City's urban waterfront area may be developed due to the recognized need for a higher
public or private use in those areas historically described as "urban waterfront."
•
(10) Natural & Cultural Resources Protection Is a Priority
(2)(2)(B)(10)a. — Surf City's policy is to preserve, protect, and enhance the area's
natural resources. Surf City recognizes the quality of our environment is an important
ingredient in our overall quality of life.
(2)(2)(B)(10)b. — It is Surf City Town policy that cultural and environmental artifacts or
species which are irreplaceable or limited in number should be protected.
(11) Intergovernmental & Private Partnerships to Preserve Resources
(2)(2)(13)(11)a. — Surf City policy is that the protection of our resources shall be pursued
in a regional context, with our neighboring jurisdictions, and with area -wide planning
through a process which favors long-term goals over short term interests and which
provides accountability for the implementation of the goals and policies stated herein.
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(2)(2)(13)(11)b. — Surf City policy is to support resource protection efforts and to •
encourage the acquisition of land parcels with a high resource value by the Town of Surf
City, Pender County, Onslow County, the State of North Carolina or area conservation
organizations or land trusts.
(2)(2)(13)(11)c. — The Town of Surf City will cooperate with State and federal agency
regulatory requirements.
(2)(2)(13)(11)d. — It is the policy of Surf City to fully support County, State and federal
regulations which provide for the enhancement and continued protection of
environmentally fragile areas. As a result of this policy: (1) Development activity in
freshwater wetlands and marshes must be consistent with local ordinances as well as all
State and federal regulations. (2) In no case should development pose a threat to any
Surf City citizen's health, property or quality of life. (3) It is the policy of Surf City that
the destruction or endangerment of significant archaeologic or historical areas will not be
permitted by the Town of Surf City. (4) It is the policy of Surf City to support wildlife
and wildlife habitat. Any areas in Surf City which may become designated as public
wildlife sanctuaries, and which are suitable for wildlife species, will be supported by Surf
City. Privately owned areas designated as wildlife sanctuaries are consistent with Surf
City policy. (5) Surf City supports the NC Division of Marine Fisheries and the NC
Division of Water Quality and the classification system for area waters.
(12) Development in Freshwater Wetlands
(2)(2)(B)(12)a. — It is the policy of the Town that development activity is to be •
discouraged in fresh water wetlands and in coastal marshes.
(13) Planning to Preserve Resources
(2)(2)(B)(13)a. — Surf City policy is to not permit short-sighted or premature
commitments of the area's natural resources and to work in a cooperative manner with
development interests to implement this policy.
(2)(2)(B)(13)b. — It is the policy of Surf City that any proposed projects which may be
considered should be consistent with the long-term goals of the Town. Town
development projects policy is that projects must be environmentally clean,
environmentally sound, and under no circumstances will they pose any threat to the
Town's residents or visitors health, safety, or welfare.
(2)(2)(B)(13)c. — Surf City policy is to protect fragile coastal vegetation through land
use controls.
(2)(2)(B)(13)d. — It is the policy of Surf City to require the development process to leave
the landscape in as natural a condition as possible. Where natural conditions are not
possible, the landscaping ordinance will be used as a guide to give the development
community a required standard by which to operate.
•
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• (2)(2)(B)(13)e. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to use land use controls,
within the constraints of the zoning ordinance and subdivision regulations, to protect and
preserve natural resources and scenic views throughout the Town's planning area.
(14) Light Industry Is Desired on the Mainland
(2)(2)(B)(14)a. — It is the policy of the Town to promote clean, light industry on the
mainland, in appropriate locations, and to mitigate hazards (both man made and natural)
from industry. It is the policy of the Town to oppose hazardous and noxious or
dangerous facilities which may wish to locate within Surf City's planning jurisdiction.
(2)(2)(B)(14)b. — The Town of Surf City, by policy, encourages light industry which
will allow the Town to keep the small Town character that long-term residents of Surf
City have come to enjoy. Industries which create a significant amount of pollution
(smoke, dust, glare, noise, vibrations, etc.) are discouraged and should not locate in Surf
City.
(2)(2)(B)(14)c. — The Town of Surf City policy requires responsible industrial
development in the Town's planning jurisdiction. To this end, the Town will not support
industrial uses which will adversely effect the natural environment or the quality of life
enjoyed by residents. Light manufacturing or light industrial sites which may be
considered in Surf City should be on the mainland and adjacent water and sewer lines.
• (2)(2)(B)(14)d. — Surf City policy is that industrial development should not infringe (in
ways which may be perceived by the five human senses) on established residential or
business development and should in no way create problems concerning public health,
safety, or welfare.
•
(15) Development in Areas with Hazards
(2)(2)(B)(15)a. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to minimize development and
to encourage low intensity land uses (i.e., open space and/or recreational type uses) in
areas subject to natural or man-made hazardous conditions.
(2)(2)(13)(15)b. — It is Surf City Town policy that those areas located within the 100 year
floodplain will be subject to special requirements according to the flood damage
prevention ordinance.
(16) Soils Suitability
(2)(2)(13)(16)a. — It is the policy of Surf City to limit or prohibit development activity in
areas where the soil suitability is incompatible with the development proposed.
(2)(2)(13)(16)b. — It is the Town's policy to allow development where the soils will
support the activity and where such activity is consistent with federal, State, and local
regulations.
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(17) Developers of Property Will Provide Infrastructure •
(2)(2)(B)(17)a. — It is Surf City policy that any future development project proposers
should design and build appropriate infrastructure, including transportation facilities, to
accommodate the proposed project. Facilities must include, but not be limited to, the
following types of roads: arterial, ingress and egress lanes for acceleration and
deceleration, collector and local roads, pedestrian walkways and bike paths and lanes.
These transportation facilities may not infringe on current or future public access areas or
on current or future residential areas.
(2)(2)(B)(17)b. — Surf City policy is that the owners and proponents (and other
beneficiaries) of development activity will be responsible for the costs of stormwater
management infrastructure installation and the long-term management of stormwater
associated with private development projects.
(18) Annexation
(2)(2)(B)(18)a. — The Town of Surf City policy on annexation is to allow voluntary
annexation as requested (by petition). It is the position of the Town of Surf City that all
annexations will be possible only as allowed by the NC General Statutes. In each
instance the required studies will be produced as required by law before action is taken
by the Town.
(19) Connection to Public Water & Sewer System Is Required
(2)(2)(B)(19)a. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City that all new development must •
connect, if connection is available, to the public water and sewer system provided by the
Town of Surf City. If connection to the public system becomes available subsequent to
construction, and in some cases this may be long after a dwelling or business is
constructed, the Town's policy is that connection to the available public system is
required.
(20) Development in the Estuarine Shoreline AEC
(2) (2) (B) (20) a — Surf City policy is that a mixture of residential and commercial
development may be permitted in estuarine shoreline areas, provided such activity
is consistent with State and local regulations.
(2)(2)(B)(20)b. — Surf City policy is that a designated area as classified on the Future
Land Use Map as Urban Development be developed under the State's Urban Waterfront
rules.
(21) Support & Promotion of Conservation for Public Trust Areas
(2)(2)(B)(21)a. — Surf City is aware the public has certain established "public trust
rights" to certain land and water areas. These public areas also support recreational
fisheries, tourism, and are also of significant aesthetic value to the community. The
presence of Surf City's public trust waters gives the community an essentially untapped
resource which with careful management, may well be a valuable asset in helping to
provide additional recreational resources for the Town in the future. Surf City policy is
to promote the conservation and proper management of its public trust lands and waters.
0

• (22) Appropriate Development on Land Next to Topsail Sound
(2)(2)(B)(22)a. — In order to promote the quality of the area waters as well as to
minimize the occurrence of significant property loss due to erosion or flooding, Surf City
policy is to only allow development activities which are compatible with both the
dynamic nature of the estuarine shorelines and the natural values of the estuarine
shoreline. Such uses must be consistent with the rules defined by state and federal
regulations.
(23) Safety Is a Priority for Transportation Projects
(2)(2)(B)(23)a. — Surf City policy is to give priority to safety when considering the
construction and maintenance of transportation facilities. Environmental concerns, in
particular water quality concerns, are always a high priority for the Town of Surf City.
(24) Protection of Groundwater Resources
(2)(2)(B)(24)a. — Surf City policy is to work to ensure that all land use and development
decisions will provide for the protection of our groundwater aquifers.
(2)(2)(B)(24)b. — The Town of Surf City policy is to work with other area local
governments and agencies to conserve and protect the best sources of area groundwater
supply.
(2)(2)(B)(24)c. — The Town of Surf City supports the NC Division of Water Quality
(Groundwater Section) efforts to enforce violations and to offer assistance to those
• persons or entities interested in construction and development type activity which has a
potential to effect groundwater resources. The Town fully supports the NC Division of
Water Quality's (NC DWQ) rules regarding development activity near groundwater
source areas. Town policy is to enhance the protection of groundwater re -charge areas
and to provide for groundwater recharge areas consistent with NC DWQ's rules. The
Town will support and report any violation of those rules designed by the NC DWQ to
protect this resource.
(25) Subdivision Roads Will Be Built to State Minimum Standards
(2)(2)(B)(25)a. — It is Surf City policy that the development of new streets and roads as
a part of the residential growth process will be carefully studied before any new
subdivisions are approved. All new public roads will be built to state standards.
(26) Additional Commercial Development Is Desired
(2)(2)(B)(26)a. — Surf City Town policy is that additional commercial development is
desired by Town officials. Commercial activity which would add to the economic base
of the Town would be welcomed by Town officials provided that the activity is
environmentally safe, clean, and consistent with current state, federal, and local
regulatory requirements.
(2)(2)(B)(26)b. — Surf City Town policy is that any commercial development in Surf
City should be of a type which is compatible with residential development which may
occur in relatively close proximity.
•
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(2)(2)(B)(26)c. — Surf City encourages developers (residential or commercial) who are •
shopping for a location to contact Town officials early in the process to discuss the
activity.
(27) "Big Box" Commercial Development Should Locate Elsewhere
(2)(2)(B)(27)a. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City that large retail type
commercial projects (also referred to as "big box stores") will face restrictions on size
and features within the Town of Surf City and its planning jurisdiction. It is desired by
Surf City officials that new development projects be designed to fit with the size, flavor,
and appearance of the structures already in place. Advice on the restrictions required,
and on conceptual matters may be discussed in advance with Town staff.
(2)(2)(B)(27)b. — It is Surf City policy that development activity which would be
harmful to property values or the quality of life of those residents already established is
discouraged.
(28) Support for Dredging & Beach Nourishment
(2)(2)(B)(28)a. — It is Surf City policy to support the NC Department of Natural
Resources, Division of Water Resources, and the NC Department of Commerce in the
funding of maintenance work to rehabilitate and deepen the Atlantic Intracoastal
Waterway for commerce and to support the tourism industry.
(2)(2)(B)(28)b. — The Town of Surf City policy is to approve and support dredging work •
in Topsail Sound and the Intracoastal Waterway to improve navigation for commerce and
recreational boaters.
(2)(2)(B)(28)c. — It is Surf City policy to support dredging activity to improve fish and
shellfish habitat, water quality, and to use sand from dredging, when possible, as a supply
source for beach nourishment efforts.
(29) Stormwater Runoff
(2)(2)(B)(29)a. — It is Surf City policy that NC Department of Transportation and NC
Division of Water Quality officials will be consulted on all future public road projects.
The Town wishes to work with knowledgeable public officials so that successful
solutions may be shared. It is Town policy that stormwater ponding on roadways is
unacceptable. It is further understood that the best means of dealing with Stormwater is
not simply to get it out of sight. The practical and environmental consequences of this
problem will require environmentally sound engineered solutions.
(30) Maintenance of Buffers Between Topsail Sound & Development
(2)(2)(B)(30)a. — Surf City policy is to work, whenever possible, to require the retention
and management of natural vegetation in buffer areas along its creeks and sounds.
(2)(2)(B)(30)b. — Surf City policy is to seek to develop a buffer acquisition program to
preserve, maintain, and protect our water quality.
(2)(2)(B)(30)c. — The Town of Surf City supports NC Division of Water Quality
regulations regarding stonnwater runoff resulting from development activity. It is Town is
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• policy that intensive growth and development will not be allowed where poor drainage
exists unless appropriate corrective improvements are to be completed as part of the
project.
(31) Marinas in Surf City — Dry Stack -Urban Waterfront -Topsail
Sound
(2)(2)(13)(31)a. — The Town of Surf City policy is to allow the development of
appropriately sited marinas in Topsail Sound. Surf City's urban waterfront area, for
example, would be an appropriate site for such a facility.
(2)(2)(13)(31)b. — Surf City policy is that dry stack marina facilities are an acceptable
land use and the Town supports the development of such facilities.
(2)(2)(13)(31)c. — The Town of Surf City policy is that upland excavation for marinas is
not an acceptable process for the creation of new water areas within the municipality.
(32) Development Will Happen According to the Land Use Plan Policy
(2)(2)(B)(32)a. — Town policy is to encourage future growth according to the land use
policy contained in this document and to revise, as necessary, those regulations currently
in place to provide consistency with the Town of Surf City's long-range plan. It is the
intention of Town officials that a new development's impacts on the natural and built
(pre-existing) environment should be negligible and that the impacts of all development
• should take into consideration those factors which will enhance the quiet, small Town
character and quality of life enjoyed by the residents of Surf City.
0
(33) Primary Use of the CBD Will Be Commercial — Mixed Allowed
(2)(2)(B)(33)a. — It is Surf City Town policy to protect the core central business district
(CBD) so as to provide continuing opportunities for "downtown" commercial
development. The Town of Surf City policy is to also allow limited residential
development in the CBD, however, due to the limited size of the CBD, and due to the
regional importance of the Surf City CBD, the primary use of the CBD will be
commercial. Mixed use type development will be allowed within the CBD and within
the municipal urban waterfront area.
(34) Surf City Discourages Clear -Cutting & Stripping
(2)(2)(B)(34)a. — Surf City policy discourages the stripping and clear cutting of lots
prior to development.
(2)(2)(B)(34)b. — Surf City policy is to protect fragile coastal vegetation through land
use controls.
(2)(2)(B)(34)c. — It is the policy of Surf City to require the development process to leave
the landscape in as natural a condition as possible. Where natural conditions are not
possible, the landscaping ordinance will be used as a guide to give the development
community a required standard by which to operate.
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(35) Incentives for Development •
(2)(2)(B)(35)a. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to consider all innovative and
successful means to protect the natural environment. It is Surf City policy to offer
incentives, under certain circumstances, for the protection of natural resources.
(2)(2)(B)(35)b. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to use regulations and
incentives for the protection of natural resources.
(36) Purchase of Land for Public Use & Enjoyment
(2)(2)(B)(36)a. — It is the policy of Surf City to pursue funding opportunities for the
purchase of land for public use (including parking, natural areas, recreation, road right-
of-ways, water and sewer improvements and easements, and other uses).
(2)(2)(B)(36)b. — The Town of Surf City would consider acceptance of a gift or an
inheritance of land for the purpose of preservation. Land lying fallow, whether it be
woodland or field, or land which has been built upon, is completely consistent with Town
policy and is supported. Any land which may be donated for public purposes to the
Town, the State, or to a Land Trust, would be consistent with Town policy intent.
(2)(2)(B)(36)c. — Surf City policy is to seek grant funds to buy land for public use —
including natural areas — and to work with land trusts and the nature conservancy.
(37) Miscellaneous Municipal Policy •
(2)(2)(B)(37)a. — The Town of Surf City policy is to support water conservation efforts.
(2)(2)(B)(37)b. — The Town of Surf City policy is that floating homes are an
inappropriate use of the Town's water bodies.
(2)(2)(B)(37)c. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to limit boating activity in
such instances where the serenity, peace, and solitude of residents and visitors is
adversely impacted.
(2)(2)(B)(37)d. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to work with the Topsail
Island Chamber of Commerce to promote Surf City as a tourist destination.
(2)(2)(B)(37)e. — It is the policy of Surf City to work with the Chamber of Commerce
on special projects (including the promotion of re -planting and re-establishing maritime
forests, bird watching, transportation issues, education, beach nourishment, and others).
(2)(2)(B)(37)f. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to work with the municipal
Beautification Committee to re-establish the plant and animal species indigenous to the
island and to thereby restore the natural scenic beauty of the area.
(2)(2)(B)(37)g. — Surf City policy is to support beautification efforts in cooperation and
concert with the community's continuing desired growth.
•
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•
(C) Infrastructure Carrying Capacity Goal & Policies
"To ensure that public infrastructure systems are properly sized, located and managed so
the quality and productivity of AECs and other fragile areas are protected or restored."
The Town of Surf City takes pride in providing quality services to residents and visitors.
The key municipal infrastructure components in Surf City are water service, sewer
service, roads, drainage, and public access. High quality municipal services would not be
possible without long-range planning and management and the people who make the
various complicated modern systems work, all 365 days a year, are the municipal
employees.
As important as the existing infrastructure system of the Town is, the key to a successful
future for this municipality rests not only with the current infrastructure but also with the
infrastructure which will be added to serve a growing population. Of major importance is
the maintenance and protection of the frontal dune system. Working in concert with the
Corps of Engineers and the State of North Carolina to have a long-term beach
nourishment project approved is an extremely important goal for the Town of Surf City.
Additional roads and changes to the existing traffic pattern will be needed within the 20
year planning period for this document. Public access improvements will continue in all
areas with the upgrading and the opening of new facilities. Stormwater runoff and
stormwater ponding on local roads is a situation which will require the attention of Town
leaders.
• The policies outlined in this section give guidance to public and private decision makers
on questions related to infrastructure and municipal services and to how these questions
might best receive attention.
•
(1) A General Statement of Policy on Municipal Services
(2)(2)(C)(1)a. — The Town of Surf City policy is to seek to provide appropriate
municipal services to support existing development and to encourage desired
development. The provision of services shall be based on the Town's financial capacity
and the economic feasibility of those services.
(2) Policies Concerning Water & the Water System
(2)(2)(C)(2)a. — It is the policy of Surf City to maintain a plentiful supply of available
water in the municipal system to enhance and improve fire protection capabilities.
(2)(2)(C)(2)b. — It is the policy of Surf City to maintain excellent water quality for
human consumption.
(2)(2)(C)(2)c. — It is Surf City policy that infrastructure system requirements within the
subdivision regulations will be revised to require future (or potential) Town residents the
opportunity to enjoy the full range of services available to the older residential areas.
(2)(2)(C)(2)d. — Surf City policy is to provide timely, cost-effective and efficient, capital
facilities and community infrastructure services based on anticipated growth and demand.
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(2)(2)(C)(2)e. — It is policy of the Town of Surf City to encourage the conservation of •
water.
(2)(2)(C)(2)f. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to use the Town's website,
newsletters, and occasional mail inserts to educate, inform, and encourage residents and
visitors to recycle water, through the use of catches, for such purposes as watering the
lawn.
(3) Policies Concerning Sewerage Treatment System & Septic Tanks/Systems
(2)(2)(C)(3)a. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to require annexation of
adjacent mainland areas desiring the extension of sewage treatment capacity.
(2)(2)(C)(3)b. — In absence of a municipal sewer system, Town of Surf City policy is
that all new development and redevelopment must have properly installed and
functioning septic tanks or septic systems. The purpose of this policy is to help minimize
the likelihood of surface water pollution from septic tanks. The Town policy is to rely on
decisions rendered by the Pender County Health Department regarding soil suitability for
septic tanks. Package treatment plants, in lieu of individual septic systems, must also
receive approval from appropriate authorities.
(2)(2)(C)(3)c. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to require annexation of areas
desiring the extension of sewage treatment capacity.
(2)(2)(C)(3)d. — It is Town policy to provide public sewer service with priority to areas •
with malfunctioning and inadequate septic tanks or septic systems (especially those in
environmentally sensitive areas).
(4) Polices Concerning Water & Sewer
(2)(2)(C)(4)a. — It is the policy of the Town Surf City to encourage growth to occur
adjacent to existing water and sewer service lines. New developments will be required to
connect to these services when available. Surf City's policy on services extension to
those areas where such infrastructure does not currently exist is that infrastructure must
be built by those developers who wish to accommodate a new development project.
(2)(2)(C)(4)b. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to plan for, maintain, and
improve the municipal water and sewer system for the sustained and continued growth of
the community
(2)(2)(C)(4)c. — Surf City Town policy is to expand the water and sewer system to serve
annexed areas and as local needs require.
(2)(2)(C)(4)d. — It is Town policy that all new development must be connected to public
water and sewerage systems.
(2)(2)(C)(4)e. — It is the policy of Surf City that any water resource intensive type
development activity will be required to use the Town of Surf City's water and sewer
system.
•

• (5) Stormwater — Roads
(2)(2)(C)(5)a. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to seek drainage improvements
to state system roads in Surf City, and to construct drainage improvements to municipal
streets in Surf City.
(2)(2)(C)(5)b. — The Town of Surf City considers the flooding of roads in Surf City
following an intense rain event as a situation that requires attention. It is Surf City policy
that the NC Department of Transportation and NC Division of Water Quality officials
will be consulted on all future public road projects. The Town wishes to work with
knowledgeable public officials so that successful stormwater drainage solutions may be
shared. It is Town policy that stormwater ponding on roadways is unacceptable. It is
further understood that the best means of dealing with stormwater is not simply to get it
out of sight. The practical and environmental consequences of this problem will require
environmentally sound engineered solutions.
(6) Public Access & Water Quality
(2)(2)(C)(6)a. — Surf City Town policy is to enhance the public access sites such that
site conditions will not contribute to the impairment of Topsail Sound water quality.
(7) Public Access Areas
(2)(2)(C)(7)a. — The Town of Surf City supports local transportation improvements to
enhance area access to homes, businesses, and the public beach. It is Town policy to
support transportation improvements which will enhance and are consistent with Surf
• City's "small Town" atmosphere.
(8) Infrastructure — Who Pays
(2)(2)(C)(8)a. — It is Surf City policy that any future development project proposers
should design and build appropriate infrastructure, including water, sewer, transportation
facilities (to accommodate changes in traffic). These facilities must include, but not be
limited to, the following types of roads: arterial, collector and local roads, pedestrian
walkways and bike paths and lanes. These transportation facilities may not infringe upon
current or future residential development type areas.
(2)(2)(C)(8)b. — Surf City will strengthen development regulations for subdivisions and
will require an escrow payment or performance bond for development projects where all
infrastructure needs are not met prior to final plat approval.
(2)(2)(C)(8)c. — The Town of Surf City policy is that the costs of storm water
management, which are associated with an areas rapid growth, should be equitably
distributed.
(2)(2)(C)(8)d. — Surf City policy is that the proponents (and beneficiaries) of
development activity will be responsible for the costs of storm water management
associated with private development projects.
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(9) Groundwater Supply •
(2)(2)(C)(9)a. — The Town of Surf City considers its groundwater supply as extremely
important and Surf City, as a policy, encourages conservation and re -use of water
resources whenever possible. Alternative measures for conservation (such as the
recycling of water) is a policy which will be encouraged in Surf City.
(2)(2)(C)(9)b. — Surf City policy is to work to ensure that all land use and development
decisions protect our groundwater aquifers.
(2)(2)(C)(9)c. — The Town of Surf City policy is to work with other area local
governments and agencies to conserve and protect the best sources of area groundwater.
(2)(2)(C)(9)d. — The Town of Surf City supports the NC Division of Water Quality's
efforts to enforce violations and to offer assistance to those persons or entities interested
in construction and development type activity which has a potential to effect groundwater
resources. The Town fully supports the NC Division of Water Quality's (NC DWQ) rules
regarding development activity near groundwater source areas. Town policy is to
enhance the protection of these areas and to provide for groundwater recharge areas
consistent with NC DWQ's rules. The Town will support and report any violation of
those rules designed by the NC DWQ to protect this resource.
(10) Support for Water Conservation
(2)(2)(C)(10)a. — The Town of Surf City policy is to support water conservation efforts. •
(11) Stormwater
(2)(2)(C)(11)a. — The Town supports NC Division of Water Quality regulations
regarding stormwater runoff resulting from development activity. It is Town policy that
intensive growth and development will not be allowed where poor drainage exists unless
appropriate corrective improvements are to be completed as part of the project. Any
revisions to the Town's zoning ordinance and subdivision regulations will take this
concern into consideration.
(2)(2)(C)(11)b. — The Town of Surf City policy is to create a master drainage plan so
that the threat of flood hazard will be reduced and to maintain excellent area water
quality. It is Town policy to pursue grant funds from agencies who may have planning
funds available to complete this study.
•
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• (12) Transportation — — Roads — Bikeways — Sidewalks
(2)(2)(C)(12)a. — Town policy is that residential and commercial development will be
encouraged to occur in a manner which will not overload traffic conditions. It is Town
policy that the land use plan, zoning ordinance, and subdivision regulations will be
revised as necessary as a means of implementing this policy and to balance resulting
impacts on community resources.
(2)(2)(C)(12)b. — It is Surf City policy that the development of new streets and roads as
a part of the residential growth process will be carefully studied before any new
subdivisions are approved. Roads will be built to state standards before acceptance as a
part of the municipal system.
(2)(2)(C)(12)c. — It is Surf City policy that infrastructure system requirements within the
subdivision regulations will be revised to require future (or potential) Town residents the
opportunity to enjoy the full range of services available to the older residential areas.
(2)(2)(C)(12)d. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to work with the NC
Department of Transportation and others, as necessary, to find solutions to the increasing
traffic flow problems within and around the municipality. Road access behind Food Lion
and the approach to the island are perceived as problem areas and all alternatives which
may help alleviate the situation will be considered.
(2)(2)(C)(12)e. — It is Surf City Town policy to pave all unpaved roads which are a part
. of the municipal roads system.
•
(2)(2)(C)(12)f. — It is Surf City policy to apply to the NC Department of Transportation
for Bike Plan funding assistance.
(2)(2)(C)(12)g. — It is Surf City policy to create a municipal system of bike paths which
will be useful and safe for citizens and visitors to use.
(2)(2)(C)(12)h. — It is Surf City policy to install and maintain pedestrian and bicycle
walkovers or crossover points at chosen intervals or where necessary in Town.
(2)(2)(C)(12)i. — Surf City policy is to create an efficient local transportation system.
The concept of the transportation system includes public transport (of some type), such as
a trolley or some other small vehicle or conveyance, consistent with the character of the
community, which will move people off island, on island, and around the island. The
transportation system will be flexible such that system infrastructure upgrade and
additional components linking the entire Town (including safe pedestrian and bicycle
access on the mainland and island) will be possible.
(2)(2)(C)(12)j. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to encourage the use of public
transportation so as to eliminate traffic and to provide access to those who might
otherwise not be able to visit the beach or Surf City area businesses.
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(2)(2)(C)(12)k. — The Town of Surf City supports the concept of a local public or •
private transportation system consisting of a small trolley or a small bus, or other
conveyance in keeping with the character of the community, to be used as public
transport and as an enjoyable means of satisfying the beach visitor's need to access the
entire island through a safe and affordable mode of transport.
(13) Impact Fees
(2)(2)(C)(13)a. — It is Surf City policy to consider and adopt a system of impact fees for
infrastructure improvements.
(14) Intergovernmental Cooperation
(2)(2)(C)(14)a. — It is Town policy to work together with area infrastructure service
providers and to coordinate services provision with other governmental agencies
whenever it is found to be cost effective and feasible.
(2)(2)(C)(14)b. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to assist neighboring
municipalities in times of emergency and to provide, where possible, support for police,
fire, emergency, and municipal water supply.
(15) Surf City Will Pursue Grant Fund Opportunities for
Infrastructure
(2)(2)(C)(15)a. — The Town of Surf City will actively pursue grant funds to provide for
community needs. Some special areas of focus for these grants will be parking (to •
include the purchase of land for parking), access to the beach, crime control and public
safety, fire protection, rescue services, water & sewer, economic development, and
recreation. The Town of Surf City will utilize existing public assets (Town Hall and the
Town Hall meeting room, area schools, and park areas) to help to meet community needs.
(16) This Town Supports the Enhancement of Business Opportunity
(2)(2)(C)(16)a. — The Town wishes to protect and to enhance business opportunity. It is
the policy of the Town of Surf City to accommodate growth without compromising or
effecting the natural beauty of the area. The Town will use this land use plan, the
subdivision regulations, and the zoning ordinance as the means to implement this policy
and to direct all future residential and commercial growth.
(17) Shoreline Erosion Control — Beach Nourishment
(2)(2)(C)(17)a. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to support shoreline erosion
control and channel maintenance projects.
(2)(2)(C)(17)b. — The Town of Surf City recognizes that tax revenues are being used to
provide for channel maintenance projects. This expenditure promotes both international
and interstate commerce as well as local commercial fishing opportunity and opportunity
for recreational boaters. The Town of Surf City supports such efforts. It is Town policy
to participate, as agreed upon in project planning by the Town of Surf City, in the direct
funding of channel maintenance or beach nourishment projects.
•
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• (18) Recycling
(2)(2)(C)(18)a. — Surf City policy is to support recycling of solid waste.
(19) Educational Efforts
(2)(2)(C)(19)a. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to support the creation of
private or municipal organizations which will educate the public on conservation goals.
(20) Planning for Infrastructure
(2)(2)(C)(20)a. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to supply community services
for the resident public and visitors through a professional, well thought out, rational
process and to exceed the common expectations, whatever those expectations may be, of
the individual persons or corporations to be served.
(D) Natural Hazard Areas Goal & Policies
"To conserve and maintain barrier dunes, beaches, flood plains, and other coastal features
for their natural storm protection functions and their natural resources giving recognition
to public health, safety, and welfare issues."
The Town of Surf City, along with every other barrier island beach community in North
Carolina, faces the threat of coastal storms. This is part of the price we pay for living in
such a wild and beautiful place. Residents, property owners, and visitors all understand
and willingly accept the risk of the occasional storm to enjoy the rewards of life on the
• edge.
The 2 most significant and noticeable of all coastal hazards are the possible innundation
of the island by flood tides associated with a storm event and the threat of erosion104.
The Town of Surf City is active in the mitigation of each of these threats. The threat of
flood damage is mitigated through community participation in the Federal Emergency
Management Agency (FEMA) flood damage prevention program. The local flood
damage prevention ordinance contains regulations which construction projects must
follow to receive federal flood insurance. These regulations, when properly adhered to,
will lessen the damage of coastal storms. The adoption and administration of the flood
damage prevention ordinance is a service the Town of Surf City provides to property
owners. Without the ordinance federal flood insurance would not be available. The Surf
City Zoning Ordinance, which gives location, density, and intensity criteria for
development, is consistent with the flood damage prevention program. The Town of Surf
City has also shown a very proactive and aggressive approach in seeking state and federal
participation in a shoreline protection or beach nourishment program.
Policies related to natural hazards have been given careful consideration. These policies
are included in the following section.
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(1) Redevelopment Following a Disaster •
(2)(2)(D)(1)a. — Town policy on redevelopment following a natural disaster is that such
development must be consistent with the local, state, and federal regulations, laws, and
ordinances current at the time of the requested redevelopment action.
(2) Participation in the Federal Flood Insurance Program
(2)(2)(D)(2)a. — The Town supports continuing participation in the National Flood
Insurance Program.
(2)(2)(D)(2)b. — Surf City policy is to permit development to take place in flood hazard
areas as defined by the Federal Emergency Management Agency, and according to Surf
City's Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance.
(3) Protection of the Dune System and Natural Features
(2)(2)(D)(3)a. — Town of Surf City policy is to enhance, support, and protect our barrier
dunes and the barrier dune system.
(2)(2)(D)(3)b. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to protect natural features (such
as dunes and marsh grasses) from destruction through overuse.
(4) Beach Nourishment
(2)(2)(D)(4)a. — The Town of Surf City strenuously supports the continued funding of
beach nourishment and renourishment projects as a means of mitigating storm damage.
(2)(2)(D)(4)b. —The Town of Surf City policy is to strongly support beach nourishment •
projects. The Town believes this is the best possible method of dealing with the erosion
problem.
(2)(2)(D)(4)c. — The Town of Surf City is committed to the idea of beach nourishment,
followed by regular renourishment, as the best method of dealing with the threat of
erosion. The Town of Surf City strongly supports all federal, State, and local government
efforts to assist beach communities with the funding assistance which makes beach
nourishment projects possible.
(5) Intergovernmental Cooperation for Emergency Management
(2)(2)(D)(5)a. — The Surf City Town Council supports the Pender and Onslow County
Emergency Management Plans.
(2)(2)(D)(5)b. — The Surf City Town Council supports the Pender and Onslow County
Emergency Management Plans for storm mitigation, evacuation, and recovery.
(2)(2)(D)(5)c. — The Town of Surf City will work with the Pender and Onslow County
Offices of Emergency Management to provide services and relief to area residents in the
case of an emergency or disaster.
(2)(2)(D)(5)d. — The Town of Surf City has confidence in the disaster preparedness plan
of the Pender County and Onslow County Office of Emergency Management. Surf City •
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• Town policy accepts and adopts the provisions of these plans relative to the evacuation
and general safety of the Town of Surf City.
(2)(2)(D)(5)e. — The Town of Surf City will work with neighboring jurisdictions
regarding stormwater problems. The Town will seek to establish a cooperative
environment within which successful solutions to mutually recognized problems may be
explored and implemented.
(6) Disaster Mitigation Policies
(2)(2)(D)(6)a. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to:
Discourage high intensity uses and large structures from being constructed
within the 100-year flood plain, erosion prone areas, and other areas susceptible to
hurricane and other storm event flooding.
—Consider purchasing parcels located within hazard areas or rendered unbuildable
by storms or other events for the purpose of recreation or public access.
Developers may be required to provide properties within hazard areas, or
properties rendered unbuildable by storms or other events, as open space under
circumstances related to the issuance of a conditional use permit or as a part of the
subdivision approval process.
Continue to enforce the NC Building Code, particularly those provisions which
require construction standards to meet wind resistive factors (i.e., design, wind
velocity).
Encourage the placement of utilities underground for all new development.
• (2)(2)(D)(6)b. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to minimize development and
to encourage low intensity land uses (i.e., open space and/or recreational type uses) in
areas subject to natural or man-made hazardous conditions.
() Reconstruction Policy
(2)(2)(D)(7)a. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to allow reconstruction of
structures demolished by natural disaster when the reconstruction complies with all
existing (state, federal, and local) regulations.
(8) Placement of Public Utilities
(2)(2)(D)(8)a. — Surf City policy is that the placement of public utilities in areas subject
to flood may be unavoidable, however, placement of these utilities should be done only in
a carefully planed manner with contingency plans made for the protection of resources
and with alternatives measures considered as a means of providing service during a time
(such as in following a flood) where utility system damage may have caused a disruption
of service.
(2)(2)(D)(8)b. — Surf City's policy will be to replace or relocate public utilities which
have sustained major damage due to a hurricane storm event away from hurricane hazard
areas or to strengthen their construction.
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(9) Public Purchase of Land in Hazardous Locations •
(2)(2)(D)(9)a. — It is the policy of the Town to consider the purchase of any land which
may become available (through the destruction of structures) as a result of a catastrophic
event. Purchase and redevelopment of the Town's waterfront and creation of greenways
and buffers is considered a possibility under such circumstances.
(10) Public Expenditure for Private Roads or Vehicular Easements
(2)(2)(D)(10)a. — Surf City policy is that public expenditure of funds for the repair or
reconstruction of any private road or vehicular easement which is damaged or destroyed
as a result of an intense storm event shall not occur, except in conjunction with the repair
of town utilities. Surf City policy is that private roads shall be the responsibility the
individual property owners.
(11) Citizen Participation in Planning
(2)(2)(D)(11)a. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to educate the public on
planning concerns. All future meetings where land use planning and public policy in the
Town of Surf City will be discussed will continue to be open to the public. All meetings
will be appropriately advertised and adequately publicized and public meetings and
hearings will continue to be held to discuss special land use issues and to keep citizens
informed. It is the intent of the Town that all economic, social, ethnic, and cultural
viewpoints be considered on all matters of public policy. Coordination and discussion
with regulatory agencies and other area municipalities (and County) officials on policy
matters will continue to be a part of the Town's land use policy development process.
(12) Stormwater Impact — New Construction Should Not Impact •
Residents
(2)(2)(D)(12)a. — It is the policy of Surf City that new construction will minimize
stormwater impact for established residents.
(13) Maintain & Replant Native Vegetation
(2)(2)(D)(13)a. It is the policy of Surf City to maintain or re -plant native vegetative
cover for vacant land within the municipality. Municipal property will set a standard for
beautification and planting which homeowners will wish to emulate.
(2)(2)(D)(13)b. — It is the policy of Surf City to maintain or re -plant native vegetative
cover for the dune system within the municipality.
(14) Islands of Topsail Sound
(2)(2)(D)(14)a. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to have the islands of Topsail
Sound remain in a natural state.
•
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•
(E) Water Quality Goal & Policies
"To maintain, protect, and enhance water quality in all coastal wetlands, creeks, and
estuaries.
The water quality in Topsail Sound is, generally, excellent. The water of Topsail Sound
located within the planning jurisdiction of the Town of Surf City is also, generally,
excellent. There is, however, some room for improvement in the waters of the local
creeks and their tributaries. As the oldest Town on Topsail Island adjacent to Topsail
Sound, the Town of Surf City is proud to have participated in 50 years of working
successfully to keep up good water quality.
Surf City has expressed policies which will retain natural vegetative buffers, control the
density of development, cooperate with other area local governments, and comply with
all state and federal regulations requirements to ameliorate circumstances and improve
local water quality.
Surf City's water quality policies follow.
(1) Funding for Water Quality Improvement
(2)(2)(E)(I)a. — The Town policy is to pursue NC DCM grants and other funding source
opportunities for planning and facilities projects which will improve area water quality.
• (2)(2)(E)(1)b. — The Town policy is to pursue Clean Water Management Trust Fund
grants for the purchase and acquisition of land bordering the ocean or sound/inlet beaches
so as to protect water quality and to provide for public recreational access.
•
(2) Malfunctioning Septic Tanks or Systems
(2)(2)(E)(2)a. — The Town of Surf City policy is to eliminate the spillage and runoff of
sewage from malfunctioning septic tanks or systems into the waters of Topsail Sound.
(2)(2)(E)(2)b. — Surf City policy is to support all efforts to minimize surface water
pollution from wastewater sources.
(3) Intergovernmental Cooperation on Water Quality
(2)(2)(E)(3)a. — Surf City policy is to work in concert with area local governments to
require the permitting of area projects will not exceed the ability of area waters capacity
to assimilate the negative effects caused by the permitting of development activity and
will allow at minimum the maintenance of current area water quality.
(4) Compliance with Regulations
(2)(2)(E)(4)a. — As discussed throughout this document, the Town of Surf City supports
clean water and will continue to work to preserve water quality in the area through
compliance with State and federal regulations and through the enactment of local
regulations.
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(5) Preventing the Degradation of Water Quality •
(2)(2)(E)(5)a. — It the policy of Surf City to prevent the degradation of the areas water
quality and to prevent the loss of public trust uses on the oceanfront and on the sound
side beaches and in the waters of Topsail Sound.
(2)(2)(E)(5)b. — It is the policy of Surf City to bring all area waters up to the highest
quality use rating as possible.
(2)(2)(E)(5)c. — The Town of Surf City offers full support for programs which will help
to provide cleaner water and will continue to work to preserve water quality in the area
through compliance with State and federal regulations and through the enactment of local
regulations.
(6) Local -State -Federal Regulatory Requirements
(2)(2)(E)(6)a. — Surf City policy is to control development activities to help prevent the
degradation of water quality in the sound, and in local creeks, and to ensure the
protection of these vital natural resources.
(2)(2)(E)(6)b. — The Town policy is to cooperate with other permitting agencies,
including the NC Division of Coastal Management, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers,
and the Pender and Onslow County Health Departments, to restrict and regulate
development in freshwater wetlands, coastal wetlands, estuarine waters, and public trust
areas. Land uses in these areas which are not consistent with local regulations and/or
State and federal environmental protection regulations, will not be permitted in Surf •
City's planning jurisdiction.
(7) Regional Cooperation on Water Quality & Fisheries Resources
(2)(2)(E)(7)a. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to work with regional interests
to maintain or improve the quality of water and the abundance of the fisheries resource
available to area residents and visitors. The Town wishes to work with the North
Carolina Division of Marine Fisheries to improve the propagation and availability of fin
fish and shellfish.
(2)(2)(E)(7)b. — It is the policy of Surf City to work with Cape Fear Council of
Governments, State agencies, Pender County and Onslow County, other island
municipalities, area land trusts, and conservation groups to maintain the high water
quality found in Topsail Sound.
(8) Surf City Will Carefully Review All Proposals Before Approval or
Denial
(2)(2)(E)(8)a. — Surf City policy is to not permit short-sighted or premature
commitments of the area's natural resources.
•
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• (9) Development in the Estuarine Shoreline
(2)(2)(E)(9)a. — Surf City policy is that residential and commercial development may be
permitted in estuarine shoreline areas, provided such activity is consistent with State and
local regulations on development activity therein.
(2)(2)(E)(9)b. — In order to promote the quality of the area waters as well as to minimize
the occurrence of significant property loss due to erosion or flooding, Surf City policy is
to only allow development activities which are compatible with the dynamic nature of the
estuarine shoreline.
(10) Commercial Development in the Downtown Area
(2)(2)(E)(10)a. — It is Surf City Town policy to protect the core central business district
(CBD) so as to provide continuing opportunities for "downtown" commercial
development. The Town of Surf City policy is to also allow limited residential
development in the CBD, however, due to the limited size of the CBD, and due to the
regional importance of the Surf City CBD, the primary use of the CBD will be
commercial. Mixed use type development will be allowed within the CBD and within
the municipal urban waterfront area.
(11) Support for State Regulations on Development in AEC's
(2)(2)(E)(11)a. — The Town of Surf City policy is generally to support the NC Division
of Coastal Management and their enforcement of the STATE GUIDELINES FOR
• AREAS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERN (Subchapter 7H of Chapter 15A of the NC
Administrative Code, or 15A NCAC 7H, or the regulations governing development
activity in AEC's), that require local land use plans give special attention to the
protection and appropriate development of AEC's.
0
(2)(2)(E)(11)b. — It is the policy of Surf City to permit use of shoreline and public trust
waters that provide benefits to the public, and which satisfy the riparian access needs of
private property owners.
(12) Development in Surf City's Urban Waterfront
(2)(2)(E)(12)a. — It is the Town of Surf City policy to support mixed -use type
development in the area designated as urban waterfront. Structures suitable for this areas
include commercial uses which are not water dependant.
(2)(2)(E)(12)b. — Surf City Town policy is that coastal wetlands in Surf City's urban
waterfront area may be developed due to the recognized need for a higher public or
private use in those areas historically described as "urban waterfront."
(13) Marinas in Topsail Sound
(2)(2)(E)(13)a. — The Town of Surf City policy is to allow the development of
appropriately sited marinas in Topsail Sound. Surf City's urban waterfront area, for
example, would be an appropriate site for such a facility.
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(14) Public Trust Waters •
(2)(2)(E)(14)a. — Surf City policy is to promote the conservation and proper
management of its public trust waters.
(15) Water Quality Concerns Related to Transportation
Improvements
(2)(2)(E)(15)a. — Surf City policy is to give priority to environmental concerns, in
particular water quality, when considering the construction and maintenance of
transportation facilities.
(16) Public Education on Water Quality Issues
(2)(2)(E)(16)a. — The Town of Surf City supports and encourages the North Carolina
Division of Water Quality (DWQ) and the NC Division of Coastal Management in their
efforts to educate the public on water quality issues. Specifically, the Town supports and
will consider participation in the NC DWQ 2050) Water Quality Planning Program, with
the Cape Fear Council of Governments. The Town also supports the NC DWQ 319
grants program.
(17) Natural Vegetative Buffers
(2)(2)(E)(17)a. — Surf City policy is to work, whenever possible, to require the retention
and management of natural vegetation in buffer areas along creeks, sounds, and islands.
(2)(2)(E)(17)b. — Surf City policy is to seek to develop a buffer acquisition program to •
preserve, maintain, and protect our water quality.
(18) Stormwater
(2)(2)(E)(18)a. — The Town of Surf City policy is to diminish the amount of stormwater
runoff draining directly into Topsail Sound. The Town supports the regulation of land
development adjacent water bodies as a means of maintaining the excellent water quality
of Topsail Sound. Because of the sensitivity of certain soils near Topsail Sound, and
because of current absence of centralized sewer in some areas adjacent the Sound, Surf
City believes that the density of development and placement of septic tanks in these areas
should be carefully and strictly regulated by Pender County.
(2)(2)(E)(18)b. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to take whatever measures are
necessary to control stormwater.
(19) Preservation of Natural Areas
(2)(2)(E)(19)a. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to preserve natural areas.
(20) Equipment to Safeguard & Improve Water Quality
(2)(2)(E)(20)a. _ It is Surf City policy to explore the use of affordable equipment which
has proven successful in the protection of water or land resources from man-made
pollutants.
(21) Control the Density of Development
(2)(2)(E)(21)a. — It is the policy of Surf City to control density through use of the
municipal Zoning Ordinance. •
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• (22) Clear Cutting of Land
(2)(2)(E)(22)a. — It is Surf City policy to limit the clear cutting of land through land use
controls.
(F) Local Areas of Concern Goal & Policies
"To integrate local concerns with the overall goals of the North Carolina coastal program
in the context of land use planning."
Work on this land use plan featured an extensive effort to allow the community at large to
participate in the planning process. The citizens of Surf City, through their hard work,
and the extensive and repeated review of the Planning Board and Town staff, have given
us a more useful and accurate land use plan than would have ever been possible without
their thoughtful guidance. Slowly ... through the process ... as we discussed issues in
detail ... several things which are of rather extreme importance to the Town began to
emerge. A short list of the most important issue areas would include: support for beach
nourishment, willingness to cooperate with other area local governments for successful
solutions to mutual problems, transportation issues/parking, maintain height restriction,
Surf City is supportive of business, Surf City wishes to maintain its small Town character
and appeal, and, in general, natural resources protection.
The complete list of local policy areas of concern follows.
• (1) Working Together for Transportation Solutions
(2)(2)(F)(I)a. — It is Town of Surf City policy to seek to work with the NC DOT
(Department of Transportation) and the RPO (Rural Transportation Planning
Organization) to develop a Thoroughfare Plan for the mainland portion of Surf City and
to guide the well -planned development of new streets, roads, and commerce.
•
(2)(2)(F)(1)b. — It is Surf City policy to improve the state and municipal transportation
system in Surf City, for the convenience of residents and visitors and for the support of
economic growth.
(2) Support for Travel & Tourism Activities — Summer Fest
(2)(2)(F)(2)a. — Surf City will encourage and support the Summer Fest observance for
the enjoyment of residents and the attraction of visitors.
(2)(2)(F)(2)b. — In the future, travel and tourism will become even more significant to
Surf City and will continue to contribute significantly to the Town's economic base. Surf
City policy is to support the promotion, development and expansion of area travel and
tourism events, attractions, and facilities.
(2)(2)(F)(2)c. — The Town of Surf City supports all intergovernmental cooperative
efforts at marketing the region.
(2)(2)(F)(2)d. — Surf City supports the activities of the NC Division of Travel and
Tourism.
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(2)(2)(F)(2)e. — It is the policy of Surf City to maintain the "family" and "small Town " •
feel to the community by encouraging and supporting festivals and events.
(3) Aesthetic & Public Health Concerns
(2)(2)(F)(3)a. — It is the policy of the Town to support the work of the Surf City
Beautification & Appearance Committee and to support the creation of a program of
public recognition for homes and businesses that contribute to an improved community
appearance.
(2)(2)(F)(3)b. — It is the policy of Surf City to regulate pets on the beach.
(2)(2)(F)(3)c. — It is the policy of Surf City to encourage beautification and design
which enhances the quality of life and sense of pride and place that are the cornerstones
for a strong, healthy and viable community.
(2)(2)(F)(3)d. — It is Surf City policy to improve community appearance in all seasons
of the year.
(2)(2)(F)(3)e. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to:
—To target the clean-up of junk, litter, and nuisance conditions throughout the
town, through courteous requests and through, where necessary code enforcement
actions.
—To beautify the entrances to the community with new welcome and •
informational signs and appropriate landscaping.
—To continue a program of purchasing and providing more holiday decorations
for placement along public streets.
—To acquire landscaping easements to allow beautification of thoroughfare areas
and to screen less attractive conditions from public view.
(2)(2)(F)(3)f. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to require the burial of all utility
lines (except the main feeder lines) for new development projects.
(4) Provision of Emergency Services
(2)(2)(F)(4)a. — Surf City will investigate the potential for Pender East paramedic
service responses to the Onslow County portion of Surf City.
(2)(2)(F)(4)b. — The Town of Surf City will request the services offered by the Pender
and Onslow County Health Departments to be provided in short-term clinics on Topsail
Island.
(2)(2)(F)(4)c. — It is the policy of Surf City to maintain a high level of public safety
protection for residents and visitors.
(5) Surf City Will Consider Accepting a Gift of Land
(2)(2)(F)(5)a. — The Town would consider acceptance of a gift or an inheritance of land
for the purpose of preservation. Land lying fallow, whether it be maritime forest, island,
woodland, or field (and not being used for above or below ground storage of any type), is •
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• completely consistent with Town policy and is supported. Any clean unused land which
may be donated for public purposes to the Town or the State would be consistent with
Town policy intent.
(2)(2)(F)(5)b. — The Town of Surf City policy is to consider the acceptance of donated
property for the purpose of holding such property or for some specific designated future
purpose, such as recreation or municipal or community type uses, and wishes to
encourage persons who may consider such a gift to contact Town staff or the Mayor. The
Town also encourages donations of property to land trusts or other conservation
organizations. The operation and maintenance of game preserves is consistent with
Town policy.
(6) Abatement of Nuisances
(2)(2)(F)(6)a. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to allow private property
owners and their friends, visitors, acquaintances, and other persons to whom they may
have given permission, to enjoy freely the ability to use any portion of that private
property and to lawfully enjoy that same property by whatever means and to the
maximum extent possible. It is furthermore recognized the Town of Surf City has the
authority, and will continue to exercise its authority, through its police powers, to abate
nuisances, be they noise or the collection of junk or rubbish, or other nuisance.
Additionally, the destruction of any vegetation, especially dune vegetation, or other
vegetation which may be protecting or which may help to protect residential,
government, or commercial properties and which may contain threatened or endangered
• species is prohibited.
•
(7) Preservation of Dunes System
(2)(2)(F)(7)a. — It is the policy of the Town to not allow off -road vehicle use that would
cause erosion or substantial damage to land forms. This policy on off -road vehicles is not
pertinent to public works projects or emergency vehicles. Vehicle use on the beach is
permitted by Town ordinance.
(8) Patrolling the Beach Strand — Use of Auxiliary Police
(2)(2)(F)(8)a. — It is Surf City policy to enforce local and other regulations through the
use of auxiliary police patrolling the beach strand.
(9) Annexation
(2)(2)(F)(9)a. — The Town of Surf City policy on annexation is to allow voluntary
annexation as requested (by petition). It is the position of the Town of Surf City that all
annexations will be possible only as allowed by the NC General Statutes. In each
instance the required studies will be produced as required by law before action is taken
by the Town.
(10) Erosion — Topsail Sound
(2)(2)(F)(10)a. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to support the actions of local
property owners to prevent erosion along Topsail Sound and its tributaries.
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(11) Preserve, Protect, and Enhance Natural Resources •
(2)(2)(17)(11)a. — Surf City's policy is to preserve, protect, and enhance the local area's
natural resources because the quality of our environment is an important ingredient in our
overall quality of life, including our potential for expanding economic growth.
(2)(2)(17)(11)b. — Surf City policy is that the protection of our resources shall be pursued
in a regional context, with area -wide planning through a political process that favors long
term goals over short term interests and provides accountability for the implementation of
the goals and policies stated herein.
(2)(2)(17)(11)c. — Surf City policy is to protect the Town's natural resources through the
enforcement of adopted ordinances, which will be consistent with land use plan policy, in
conjunction with the continuing identification and recognition of issues that may arise
and which will need attention.
(2)(2)(17)(11)d. — Surf City policy is to protect and to conserve resources through site
evaluations, enforcement of building codes, subdivision and zoning ordinance
development and enforcement, and through the consistency provision of the Coastal Area
Management Act (consistency with policies in this land use plan).
(12) Preserve & Protect Cultural Resources
(2)(2)(F)(12)a. — Because of the possible presence of archaeological resources in
previously undisturbed areas the Town of Surf City policy is to carefully review and •
discuss all development plans prior to approval. Should any archaeological resources be
discovered, the State Division of Archives and History will be contacted. To date, the
State Division of Archives and History has no documentation of any archaeological
resources located in Surf City.
(2)(2)(F)(12)b. — Surf City Town policy requires cultural and environmental artifacts or
species which are irreplaceable or limited in number to be protected.
(13) Cooperation with State & Federal Agencies
(2)(2)(F)(13)a. — The Town of Surf City will cooperate with State and federal agency
regulatory requirements.
(2)(2)(17)(13)b. — The Town policy is to continue to seek to work with the Pender and
Onslow County governments in order to provide all area residents the best quality of life
possible.
(2)(2)(F)(13)c. — Surf City policy will support any efforts by other governmental and
private agencies to wisely manage the natural resources of the local area and region.
(14) New Development Should Not Create Problems
(2)(2)(F)(14)a. — Surf City policy is that development and redevelopment activity should
always happen in a way which will avoid creating problems to neighboring property
owners and future owners of the property being developed.
•
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(2)(2)(F)(14)b. — Town policy regarding the negative impacts of development on the
natural environment in Surf City is that these impacts should be mitigated. The Town
will continue to find its future based on its geographic location to other area
municipalities and its proximity to area population centers and the Town's ability to
provide a quiet, beautiful, alternative location for residents in the midst of a region which
is experiencing a population boom. Surf City Town policy is that any development may
be required, through the conditional use process in the zoning ordinance, to mitigate any
features or output which would detract from the visual beauty of the area and which
might cause excessive traffic, noxious fumes, noise, smoke, vibration or other unpleasant
side effects.
(2)(2)(F)(14)c. — It is Surf City policy that development activity which would be
harmful to property values or the quality of life of those residents already established is
discouraged. Compatibility of proposed development with the Future Land Use Map.
(located in this document) is required.
(15) Projects Proposed Should Be Consistent with Town's Goals
(2)(2)(F)(15)a. — It is the policy of Surf City that any proposed projects which may be
considered should be consistent with the existing municipal plan for growth and should
benefit the long-term goals of the Town.
(16) Preservation of Natural or Open Areas
(2)(2)(F)(16)a. — The Town of Surf City policy is to preserve part of planning area in a
• "natural" or "open area" state. The means by which the Town of Surf City proposes to
accomplish this is through existing state and federal regulations and the Surf City
subdivision regulations. Cooperation with development interests will be a high priority.
The rights of private property owners will be respected.
•
(17) Local Policy & Local Regulations Should Complement Each
Other
(2)(2)(F)(17)a. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to manage land use policy and
local regulations such that they complement, enhance, and are consistent with each other.
(18) Upland Excavation for Marinas
(2)(2)(17)(18)a. — The Town of Surf City policy is that upland excavation for marinas is
not an acceptable process for the creation of new water areas within the municipality or
its planning jurisdiction.
(19) Enhancement of Business Opportunity
(2)(2)(17)(19)a. — The Town will work with Pender and Onslow County, Holly Ridge,
Topsail Beach, and North Topsail Beach, and other area entities (Cape Fear Council of
Governments, the NC Department of Commerce, NC Department of Transportation, the
Topsail Island Chamber of Commerce, Committees of 100, and the Southeastern North
Carolina Economic Development Commission) on the growth and enhancement of
business opportunity in Surf City.
(2)(2)(F)(19)b. — Surf City policy is to encourage small business development.
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•
(20) Surf City Will Focus on Long -Term Solutions Over a Quick Fix
(2)(2)(F)(20)a. — Some locally defined issues which are important to the Town have
been identified as a part of the planning process. These issues include adequately
engineered streets, the encouragement of business and commercial development, traffic,
public access, parking, building and furnishing a multi -purpose community building,
adoption and implementation of a drainage plan, and well planned urban waterfront area
for development and redevelopment. It is Surf City policy to deal with each of these
issues in a proactive and rational manner — seeking long-term results over the quick patch
or fix.
(21) Support for Dredging & Beach Nourishment
(2)(2)(F)(21)a. — The Town of Surf City policy is to approve and support dredging work
in Topsail Sound and Topsail Inlet to improve navigation, fish and shellfish habitat, water
quality, and to support beach nourishment efforts.
(22) General Guidance on Community Growth
(2)(2)(F)(22)a. — Community Attitude Toward Growth: The Town of Surf City is
expected to grow within the planning period. The Town of Surf City desires to manage
this growth. The Town's policy toward growth is expressed in the following comments:
Surf City believes in managing and directing the Town's growth and development. It is
Town policy that population and growth guidance should be based on: 1) the suitability
of land to accommodate the use; 2) the capacity of the environment to remain at the •
present high standard; 3) compatibility with Town goals; 4) densities allowable in
sensitive areas; and, 5) the availability of support facilities and services.
(23) Protection of the Maritime Forest
(2)(2)(F)(23)a. — The Town of Surf City policy is to seek to protect maritime forest
areas and trees and to encourage landscaping of parking lots, residential areas, and
commercial projects.
(24) Surf City Is Good for Business — Family Oriented Beach
Community
(2)(2)(F)(24)a. — The Town of Surf City encourages commercial growth. It is the policy
of the Town to work with and to encourage commercial activity which is consistent with
existing regulations and which will provide jobs and make retail type amenities available
to Surf City residents and visitors, and will provide for convenient shopping
opportunities. It is the policy of the Town to encourage clean and quiet commercial
business type development consistent with a "family oriented" beach community.
(25) Population Growth & Growth in Designated Residential Areas
(2)(2)(F)(25)a. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to encourage residential
growth.
(2)(2)(F)(25)b. — Surf City policy is to restrict commercial encroachment into pre-
existing established residential areas.
E
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• (2)(2)(F)(25)c. — Surf City policy is to restrict residential encroachment into pre-existing
established commercial areas.
(2)(2)(F)(25)d. — Surf City policy is to allow growth to occur based on neighborhood
considerations and not on a single development proposal.
(26) Surf City Supports the Location of a Convention Center on the
Mainland
(2)(2)(F)(26)a. — It is the policy of Surf City to support the location of a convention
center on the mainland within the Town's planning jurisdiction.
(27) Intergovernmental Cooperation for Enhanced Living on the
Island
(2)(2)(F)(27)a. — The Town of Surf City actively endorses a spirit of collegiality
amongst the three Towns on Topsail Island. The Town of Surf City will work together
with the other Towns of Topsail Island to foster an island -wide family friendly
environment and to mutually enhance living conditions (for residents and visitors) and
successfully accomplish common goals.
(28) Citizen Participation in Public Decisions
(2)(2)(F)(28)a. — It is Town policy that the regular meetings of the Surf City Planning
Board will be open to the public and will be the opportunity for citizens to participate in
decisions on land use.
• (2)(2)(F)(28)b. — Surf City policy is to provide continuing public participation
opportunities through citizen surveys, public hearings and public meetings, issuance of
press releases, and inter agency coordination on development projects planned or under
construction.
•
(2)(2)(F)(28)c. — Surf City policy is that its Planning Board, which has regularly
scheduled meetings, all of which are open to the public, provides opportunities for
citizens to air their views and concerns about planning matters. Public concerns
regarding land use matters may be addressed through this forum. The Planning Board
will continue to be the primary vehicle for citizens' input on land use.
(2)(2)(F)(28)d. — Surf City policy is to appoint citizen committees (both ad hoc and
continuing) to deal with issues concerning the Town's continued growth and
development. Special purpose committees have been found to be a successful
mechanism for outreach to the community and for utilizing the special skills and
expertise of citizens. Suf City will continue to expand (as necessary) this successful
public outreach program.
(29) Property Owners Should Adhere to the Landscaping Ordinance
(2)(2)(F)(29)a. — It is the policy of Surf City to require property owners or residents to
keep a portion of those land areas (or lots) which are to be developed as green space and
to improve appearances on these same lots by adherence to the Town's landscaping
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ordinance. Beautification with healthy city trees will help to mitigate the negative •
impacts of development.
(30) Keep That Small Town Feel
(2)(2)(F)(30)a. — It is Surf City policy to keep the community affordable and to
encourage building diversity, low-rise structures, and a reduced scale of buildings.
(31) Protection of Indigenous Wildlife
(2)(2)(F)(31)a. — It is the policy of Surf City to protect indigenous wildlife species,
particularly endangered or threatened species from the negative, or possible life
threatening effects of development (for example: the effect of improperly installed
lighting on baby turtles, or the 4-wheel drive vehicle effect on the nesting areas of the
piping plover).
(32) Periodic Review of Enforcement Fee Structure
(2)(2)(F)(32)a. — It is the policy of Surf City to periodically review the enforcement fee
structure and to consider awarding incentives for those who have consistently chosen to
play by the rules.
(33) Surf City Will Exceed the Common Expectation
(2)(2)(F)(33)a. — It is the policy of the Town of Surf City to supply community services
for the resident public and visitors through a professional, well thought out, rational
process and to exceed the common expectations, whatever those expectations may be, of
the individual persons or corporations to be served. •
•
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• Section 3: Future Land Use Map & Map Classification Categories
(SECTION AMENDED: SEE ATTACHMENT M IN APPENDIX)
A The Future Land Use System
The future land use system herein described provides a framework which will guide the
Town of Surf City in identifying the future use of all lands within the Town's planning
jurisdiction. Some of the land areas in Town are obviously more suitable than others for
development activity. The description of the future land use classes will allow Surf City
officials to illustrate graphically their policy statements on where and at what intensity
they wish future growth to occur. This land use plan section, and the accompanying
Future Land Use Map (folded in the back of this document), illustrates where the Town
wants to guide growth.
As means of assisting local governments in coastal North Carolina with this
responsibility, the Coastal Resources Commission has suggested a system105 or a
structure which will allow the community to depict its desired future patterns of land
development and which will also give consideration to the natural systems within the
planning area.
The Town of Surf City will use 10 future land use categories106 to describe future
development patterns. These 10 categories are: Island Business District/Town Center,
Urban Waterfront, Island Residential, Conservation, Mainland Business Corridor,
• Mainland Residential, Mainland Transition — residential, and Government Use.
(1) Island Business District/Town Center
This area is the traditional downtown area for Surf City. The island business district is
truly the center of on -island business for the entirety of Topsail Island. This area
provides shopping opportunities for island residents and visitors. The shops to be located
here will include a mixture of uses similar to those found in the traditional small Town
downtown area. These uses will include retail, business support, restaurants, recreation,
sporting goods, and entertainment. The Town center will provide pedestrian and bicycle
connections to neighborhoods and will also be accessible by visitors from Topsail Sound.
This area will be developed as mixed use with, predominantly, business uses outweighing
the residential users. Service businesses and facilities to serve residents and visitors will
also locate in this area. The minimum square footage requirement for a lot to be
developed within this district is 5,000 square feet.
The Town will take steps to decrease the traffic flow in and around the Town center area.
Efforts to increase parking opportunity for people engaging in business in the Town
center will be explored. Traffic headed south or north should be able to bypass the Town
center and the Town will ensure this goal is met through work with the NC Department
of Transportation staff and the Cape Fear Council of Governments Rural Planning
Organization.
Surf City will work cooperatively with property owners to seek to achieve the successful
• small Town center envisioned.
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(2) Urban Waterfront •
Surf City's historic urban waterfront area is important to the Town. This area was the
first part of Topsail Island to be developed. Before Surf City was incorporated this area
was a thriving destination for visiting fishermen and for the watermen of Topsail Sound.
Historically speaking, access to the island, and from the island to the water, was always
important in the urban waterfront area. Sound side access is available to residents and
visitors within this district today at Sound Side Park, adjacent the Sears Landing Swing
Bridge, on the island. This site is a part of the municipal urban waterfront which has
historically existed in Surf City. The beautiful, clean, abundant, and prolific waters
surrounding the island have always effected the style of life for the community. This
urban waterfront area gives Surf City a solid connection between past and present. The
urban waterfront area also includes the easternmost neck of land extending from the
mainland towards the island. The entire area gives recognition to the maritime history of
the area and gives Surf City citizens the opportunity to reflect upon and to enjoy the
beautiful scenic vistas and the commercial opportunities nearby. The development of this
urban waterfront area is expected to continue through the planning period for this
document.
The urban waterfront area of Surf City includes the municipal park107 just south of the
bridge and extends northward beyond the marina, and encompasses the waterfront
properties north to Goldsboro Avenue across from Town Hall. The Surf City urban
waterfront is adjacent the island business district/Town center classification.
Development activity within the urban waterfront will include mixed uses with business •
uses anticipated to predominate over residential development. The full range of urban
services will be available to development projects within the urban waterfront.
Development activity in the urban waterfront will be consistent with local regulatory
requirements. The minimum lot size within this district is 5,000 square feet.
(3) Island Residential
The island portion of Surf City is developed as primarily residential in nature. Except for
the Town center and the urban waterfront (previously described) much of the rest of on -
island Surf City is residential. The availability of on -island residential space is limited as
the island is approaching full development. The major trend in the coming years for the
residential areas of Surf City will be in -fill on lots which are currently subdivided. There
will also be redevelopment and re -subdivision of currently existing lots.
The on -island residential development receives the full complement of available urban
services. The major development concerns for on -island development are to insure the
existing community character is kept, to preserve green space, to protect water quality,
and to comply with the existing body of local, state, and federal rules and regulations
governing development.
The Town of Surf City encourages continuing island residential development. The
minimum lot size for new projects to maintain within the island residential classification
is 5,000 square feet. There are existing lots of 2,500 square feet in size upon which
development or redevelopment may also take place within the planning period. •
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(4) Conservation
The conservation classification within the Town of Surf City applies to all Areas of
Environmental Concern, or AEC's, except those AEC's which are located within the
defined municipal urban waterfront classification, and all federal protected wetlands
areas. The wetlands areas and AEC's are too small in scale and too widely dispersed
within the Town's planning jurisdiction to be accurately depicted on the Future Land Use
Map. For federal wetlands, a site survey will continue to be required to determine if
freshwater wetlands exist on a given site. These areas must be identified by a qualified
wetlands consultant, approved by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, or by a
representative of the Corps. Surf City's local code of ordinances does not expressly
prohibit wetlands development. If the requested development action may be permitted by
State or federal agencies, the action may be allowed within the Town of Surf City. All
development activity in Surf City must be consistent with local ordinances. The
subdivision regulations requirements for approval of a new subdivision allow for a
negotiated agreement on development activity. The Town will work with future
subdividers to avoid areas which may be less than entirely suitable for development.
Community infrastructure improvement or new community infrastructure (including
roads, bridges, water lines, sewer lines, water towers, etc.) is consistent with the
conservation areas classification in Surf City.
Development activity in AEC's is regulated by the State of North Carolina. If these
AEC's are also within the Town of Surf City, all local planning rules and regulations
• must be adhered to as well. All AEC's are defined as conservation areas in Surf City
except those areas which are within the historic urban waterfront classification.
Commercial, residential, and public utility type development is permitted within the
conservation areas classification in Surf City.
•
The overriding policy consideration for the conservation areas in Surf City is to manage
land use and development so as to protect the natural, scenic, and recreational value of
these areas. Such development as may occur in conservation areas should encourage uses
which are better able to withstand the storm effects (flooding, wind, erosion, etc.) that
typically occur in these hazard areas. The basic guidelines for determining acceptable
uses within the conservation areas are the general use standards codified in the Coastal
Resource Commission's development regulations at 15A NCAC 7H. The minimum lot
size for development activity in areas classified conservation is 5,000 square feet. Local
ordinances and the policies contained in this plan will also guide development activity in
conservation areas.
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(5) Mainland Business Corridor
Just as the Town of Surf City serves as the magnificent gateway to Topsail Island, so
does the mainland business corridor serve as the gateway to Surf City. The business
corridor, with its service stations, grocery, hardware store, restaurants, and gift shop,
provides the residents of an area wider than just Surf City the opportunity to shop close
by for necessities and pleasure items. The Surf City business corridor will continue to
develop for the planning period covered by this document. There is room here for new
business.
The continuing purpose for the development of the business corridor will be to serve the
needs of the Suf City resident population, and visitors, and to provide purchasing and
service opportunities for residents of the larger area. The businesses located here
currently serve, and future businesses which will locate here will also serve, the
unincorporated areas in the vicinity of Surf City. Also to be considered as a part of the
customer base would be visitors to and residents of area municipalities including:
Topsail Beach, North Topsail Beach, and Holly Ridge.
The Town of Surf City would favor the location of a light "industry" in the business
corridor if this business provided jobs for area residents and if the business would not
negatively impact the environment or impede vehicular access to the island.
All of the business corridor will be served during the planning period by the full
complement of municipal services. The single most important development issue for the
business corridor is transportation. The free flow of traffic to and from the island is an •
important development consideration for the business corridor. Turn lanes and
acceleration lanes serving businesses will be necessary as the area continues to grow. As
development occurs within the area classified on the future land use map as mainland
transition - residential new roads will be built. The transportation network designed to
serve this area must be designed in such a way so as to allow easy access.
As a separate but transportation related issue the swing bridge will continue in operation
for the planning period. Improvements will be considered as it becomes necessary and
repair or maintenance work will be regular. This historic structure has weathered many
storms and continues to serve all who pass. The bridge is felt to be a sort of a portal, a
cultural icon, through which residents and visitors must pass to arrive at their beach
destination. The bridge does frustrate some residents and business owners. For most
people though, the bridge is not so much seen as an impediment to traffic, though it does
impede the traffic flow, but rather more as a landmark. To those persons eager to get to
the beach the Town asks for patience for our friends on the Intracoastal Waterway. To
those whose business must take them off island we ask for the same patience and we wish
them a safe journey and a quick return.
Development within the Surf City business corridor will be according to existing local,
state, and federal regulations. The minimum lot size requirement for the mainland
business corridor is 10,000 square feet.
•
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• (6) Mainland Residential
Residential development has occurred and neighborhoods are firmly established in the
mainland area of Surf City. Mainland residential areas are found within the incorporated
municipal boundary and within the extraterritorial (ETJ) area. For future development
purposes these areas, whether municipal or ETJ, will be required to follow the same
development policies as expressed in this document. These established neighborhoods
(which may be considered as either developed or partially developed subdivisions
depending on their individual status) and the undeveloped and un-subdivided areas within
the immediate vicinity of these neighborhoods, which have also been characterized on the
Surf City Future Land Use Map as mainland residential, will continue to develop through
the 20 year planning horizon of this land use plan. It is anticipated new residents will
build and new residents will move into new homes within the existing subdivisions. On
the un-subdivided tracts which are also classified as mainland residential there will be
subdivisions created on lots not yet currently existing. This type of development activity
is both expected and welcomed.
Surf City does not provide urban services (water and sewer) to all areas classified as
mainland residential. These services will be available within the 20 year planning
horizon covered by this document. The major concerns for development in this land
classification are stormwater runoff, preservation of green space, transportation and
neighborhood inter -connectivity (vehicular, pedestrian, and bicycle), and the continuing
maintenance of a spirit of cooperation between island residents and mainland residents
for the betterment of all.
• The Town will ensure that development on existing lots, including redevelopment,
complies with land use plan policies and requirements. For new residential development,
each lot must be a minimum of 10,000 square feet. The Town will ensure full
compliance with all policies and development requirements as specified in this land use
plan and in the appropriate ordinance.
•
(7) Mainland Transition — residential
There are large undeveloped tracts of land within Surf City's planning jurisdiction on the
mainland. It is anticipated the future use for these areas will be primarily residential. It
is also anticipated these areas will be developed within the planning period covered by
this document. Primarily because of the number of new residents possible, how the area
described as mainland transition will develop will have significant implications for the
future of Surf City. These areas are described graphically on the Future Land Use Map
created as a part of the land use plan. The map is folded into the back of this document.
Lands classified mainland transition in Surf City are located within the ETJ
(extraterritorial jurisdiction) and they constitute the vast majority of the undeveloped land
within the municipal planning jurisdiction. This land will be served within the 20 year
planning period covered by this document with the full range of municipal services
(water, sewer, police, solid waste, etc.) available in Surf City. It is anticipated that
portions (or possibly all) of the area described as mainland transition will be annexed
within the planning period. This future land use classification category is designed to
-136-

provide for intensive residential development both within the Town and in the •
developable portions of the ETJ.
Multi -family development and single family homes are anticipated to occupy the land
classified as mainland transition. Lot sizes will vary from 5,000 square feet, or less
according to the local requirements for multi -family development, to 10,000 square feet
for single family homes. New and existing development will be required to connect to
urban services as they become available.
As the future land use classification category heading suggests, mainland transition lands
are areas which are likely to be in a state of transition within the planning period. In this
situation these lands will go from undeveloped to developed. All development activity in
areas described as mainland transition must be consistent with local policies described in
this land use plan. All development activity will also be consistent with local, state, and
federal rules and regulations.
(8) Government Use
Lands classified as government use in Surf City are those areas which are, and will be, in
government and public use for the 20 year planning horizon described by this document.
These areas are too small in size, in some cases, and too widely dispersed to be accurately
depicted on the Future Land Use Map. Areas reserved for government use in Surf City
include the following: public access areas, public parks, utility easements, roads and road
right-of-ways, public parking areas, public infrastructure, public infrastructure storage
areas, well sites, water tower sites, and other public facility type uses. Undeveloped land •
owned by the municipality would also fall within this land use classification category.
The intensity of development within these areas will be determined according to the
needs of the Town and based upon the Town's zoning ordinance.
Land use requirements within the "government use" classification are that any
development proposals made for projects located therein will be consistent with local,
state and federal rules and regulations.
(B) The Future Land Use Map
The Town of Surf City's Future Land Use Map is folded into the back of this land use
plan. The map is designed to graphically depict the Town's future growth and
development. The Surf City Future Land Use Map uses a land classification system to
show future desired land use and development patterns. The map has 8 categories of land
classified. These are:
Island Business District/Town Center
Urban Waterfront
Island Residential
Conservation
Mainland Business Corridor
Mainland Residential
Mainland Transition - residential
Government Use
•
- 137 -

• (C) Tools for Managing Development
The Town of Surf City has a full-time Inspections Department staff and a full regime of
land use regulatory instruments in place by which to manage land development activity.
The Zoning Ordinance and the Subdivision Regulations are the principle mechanisms by
which land use is regulated. Other land use related ordinances by which development
activity is managed include: the Stormwater Regulations, the Landscaping Ordinance,
and the Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance. It is largely through the use of these tools
that the policies within this Land Use Plan will be implemented.
This Land Use Plan will also be used for consistency review by federal and state
permitting agencies. If, for example, a builder wishes to construct a house within an area
of environmental concern, the builder will be advised by the Inspections Department that
before construction activity may commence the owner must apply for and receive what is
known as a CAMA permit108. If the builder wishes to build something rather small, as
is usually the case with a single family dwelling, it is likely the requirement will be for a
minor CAMA permit. Minor CAMA permits are issued by the local government. The
time requirement for issuance of a CAMA minor permit is minimal. If the project is
large, or complicated, or otherwise meets state established criteria, a major CAMA
permit will be required. The time requirement for issuance of a CAMA major permit is
more extensive and may require as long as six months of agency review before issuance
though this is not the current standard. At any rate, whether the permit to be issued is
considered "major" or "minor" the project proposed must be consistent with the Land
Use Plan. A review for Land Use Plan consistency will be made either by local officials
• or by state agency staff. Permit requests which are found to be inconsistent with this
Land Use Plan will not be issued.
•
Federal projects proposed for land areas within the Town of Surf City's
planningjurisdiction must also be reviewed for consistency with the Land Use Plan109.
Federal agency review is required for large projects (in excess of 1/3 of an acre) to be
constructed within federally protected freshwater wetlands areas. Permits for
construction activity in these areas are issued by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.
Consistency review must also take place in any instances where federal dollars will be
spent on proposed projects. The state managed review process for federal facilities or
uses, or federally funded activities is known as the "A-95 review process." The NC
Clearinghouse within the NC Department of Administration collects comments on these
projects and manages this review.
It is the intent of this Land Use Plan that all development in Surf City must be consistent
with the policies herein described.
(D) Land Use Plan Amendments
A)This Land Use Plan may be amended at any time following the procedures outlined in
the North Carolina Administrative Code at 15A NCAC 7B.
- 138 -

Part 3 — Management Tools
Section 1: Introduction
The NC Coastal Resources Commission and their staff, the Division of Coastal
Management, have issued guidance on the preparation of Land Use Plans in the coastal
area. This guidance, titled Technical Manual for Land Use Planning, requires local
governments to analyze their Land Use Plan's policies and recommended actions and the
Future Land Use Map. The requirements are as follows:
• Examine the consistency of the Land Use Plan with the management topics;
• Examine the consistency between the Future Land Use Map and the Land Use
Plan's
• requirements; and,
• Analyze the impact of the policies and recommended actions on the management
topics specified in the guidance manual.
This analysis is contained in the following sections
•
Section 2: Consistency of Land Use Plan Policy with Community Goals
The consistency analysis is done to ensure the Land Use Plan's community goals and
policies are consistent with the Coastal Resources Commission's required management
topics. The management topics are the categories of local land use and development •
policies suggested to local governments by the Coastal Resources Commission (CRC).
The CRC deems these management goals to be extremely important for the proper use,
development, and protection of natural and manmade resources in coastal areas. There
are six management topics:
Public Access: The public access policies give municipalities guidance on
maximizing access opportunities to the shore and on the careful management, and
care of these areas;
Land Use Compatibility: Policy considerations here include the preservation of
environmental attributes and decisions which will produce the harmonic adaptation of
built uses in close proximity to one another. The management of development to
minimize impacts on both man-made and natural resources in inherently important in
land use compatibility considerations;
Infrastructure Carrying Capacity: The goal of this policy section for Surf City is to
ensure that infrastructure is available to support planned development and that if
infrastructure is not available or necessary that the land will support development in
such a way that human health, safety, and welfare will be protected and so will
environmentally fragile areas;
Natural Hazard Areas: Policies here are designed to reduce the vulnerability of the
Town of Surf City to natural hazards;
Water Quality: Land Use policies in this section are designed to protect the quality of
local surface waters; and
Local Areas of Concern: This policy section identifies policies and strategies to
address local planning and development goals. •
- 139 -

• A. Public Access
The Surf City Land Use Plan's goal for public access is to maximize public access to
the beaches and the public trust waters of Surf City. In order to meet this goal the
Land Use Plan describes policies which:
1) ensure adequate and open public access opportunities to residents and visitors;
2) reduce conflicts by access area users (residents and visitors) and fully integrate the
facilities into Town neighborhoods in a way such as to not disrupt, interfere, or create
problems within any neighborhoods; and
3) provide a high quality recreational experience for all.
To accomplish the stated goal the plan contains a series of policies which, when acted
upon individually or when considered as a whole, provide guidance for ensuring that
there is access to all segments of the community, these access areas fit in with their
surroundings, and provide a wonderful recreational experience for all users.
Each of the policies in the public access policies section of the Land Use Plan has been
reviewed and is consistent with both state and local goals.
B. Land Use Compatibility
The Town of Surf City's Land Use Plan goal on land use compatibility is as follows: To
ensure that development and use of resources or preservation of land minimizes
direct and secondary environmental impact, avoids risks to public health, safety and
• welfare and is consistent with the capability of the land based on considerations of
interactions of natural and man-made features.
•
The Land Use Plan contains a body of policy, which, in multiple statements, gives
guidance on how the Town will proceed to affect (in some cases) and to maintain their
small Town charm and natural resources. The concepts embodied in the local policy
guidance in the plan will help to mitigate the impacts of land development on
neighboring property owners, natural resources, and fragile areas.
The Surf City Land Use Plan gives policy guidance to the zoning ordinance and
subdivision regulations. Future amendments to these ordinances should take Land Use
Plan policies into consideration. Both the subdivision regulations and the zoning
ordinance restrict and guide development in such a way that density is limited and the
impacts of new development on existing development are mitigated. This is done by the
local ordinances provisions for minimum lot size, setbacks, and a Town wide height
restriction. The Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance also mitigates the negative impact
of storms.
The Land Use Plan's policies have been reviewed and are consistent with this
management goal.
- 140 -

C. Infrastructure Carrying Capacity •
The Town of Surf City's Land Use Plan goal for infrastructure carrying capacity is to
ensure that public infrastructure systems are properly sized, located and managed
so the quality and productivity of AECs and other fragile areas are protected or
restored.
All island residential and commercial structures are required to connect to the public
water system and to the sewage collection and treatment system. All mainland businesses
and residents are also required to connect where the services are available. Surf City's
policy is to encourage growth along existing and planned water and sewer system
extensions.
The Town of Surf City supports federal and state cooperative assistance on beach
nourishment and re -nourishment. The protective buffering features of a fully nourished
beach are recognized as an important part of the local infrastructure connected to storm
hazard mitigation. The Land Use Plan's policies have been reviewed and are consistent
with this management goal.
D. Natural Hazards Area
The Town of Surf City's Land Use Plan goal for natural hazards management is to
conserve and maintain barrier dunes, beaches, flood plains, and other coastal
features for their natural storm protection functions and their natural resources
giving recognition to public health, safety, and welfare issues. •
The Town recognizes the following needs:
1) protection of the beach;
2) the need for systematic regular nourishment and re -nourishment of the ocean beach;
3) protection of the dune system; and
4) participation in the National Flood Insurance Program.
Policies within the Land Use Plan address each of these significant items. Other policies
deal with hazard mitigation intergovernmental cooperation, acquisition of properties
deemed hazardous, and others.
E. Water Quality
The Town of Surf City's goal for water quality is to maintain, protect, and enhance
water quality in all coastal wetlands, creeks, and estuaries.
Policies which will guide the Town towards this goal include:
1) intergovernmental cooperation;
2) eliminating the flooding of roadways;
3) use of landscaping and buffers; and
4) the continuing clean-up of unsightly and unsafe structures.
Policies in the Land Use Plan are designed to guide the local government to this effect.
The policies in the water quality section of the Land Use Plan have been reviewed and
are consistent with the management goal. •
- 141 -

• F. Local Areas of Concern
The Town of Surf City's goal for local areas of concern is to integrate local concerns
with the overall goals of the North Carolina coastal program in the context of land
use planning.
There are multiple policies which have been placed within this Land Use Plan section as
a guide to the local government. Some of these policies deal with issues which are also
pertinent to other management goals. The Land Use Plan user should review this policy
section carefully to be sure important local policy guidance is seen.
The policies in the Land Use Plan under the section for local areas of concern have been
reviewed and are consistent with the stated management goal.
Section 3: Consistency Between Land Use Plan Policy & Future Land Use Map
The Coastal Resources Commission's guidance, titled Technical Manual for Land Use
Planning, requires local governments creating a coastal Land Use Plan to analyze their
Land Use Plan's policies and to have consistency between Land Use Plan policy
guidance for growth and the Future Land Use Map (located in the back of this document).
The specific requirements are as follows.
Summarize the residential density and development intensity encouraged by each of the
land classifications or designations on the map. (This requirement was met within Part
2, Section 3, in the description of the Future Land Use classification categories.)
• —Identify any material differences between the development patterns shown on the Future
Land Use Map and the development constraints shown on the Environmental
Composite Map and the and Suitability Map.
--Describe any material differences between the spatial patterns of land classifications
that depend on water and sewer and planned development.
Describe development planned for natural hazard areas, how uses are consistent with
associated risks, and the capacity of the evacuation infrastructure. (Development will
continue to occur in the pattern established.)
Describe how land classifications and spatial patterns on the map will protect open
shellfish waters and restore closed or conditionally closed shellfish waters.
The Town of Surf City is an established small Town with the island spatial patterns of
development already established. The Future Land Use Map (in the back of this
document) shows development patterns which are not greatly different from the Existing
Land Use Map and the current Town of Surf City Zoning Map. There are mainland
portions of Surf City which will be subject to development pressure and which are
classified in the Future Land Use section of this document and zoned appropriately for
the desired future use.
A. Residential & Commercial Density
Since the Town's island growth pattern is effectively established the Land Use Plan's
development densities depicted on the Future Land Use Map are similar to those
contained on the Existing Land Use and Zoning Maps. On the mainland, the Future Land
Use classifications are zoned appropriately according to the policies within this Land Use
- 142 -

Plan. The density requirements within each of the future land use classification categories ID
can be found in Part 2, Section 3, of the Land Use Plan. Minimum lot sizes for residential
lots in the Town of Surf City are 5,000 square feet on the island and 5,000 square feet
also on the mainland. Most single family dwellings on the mainland will, however, be
required to have a minimum lot size of 10,000 square feet. The minimum lot sizes for
commercial properties are as currently enforced by the zoning ordinance. These densities
are consistent with the historical development patterns of the Town and in the mainland
areas off the island.
B. Comparing the Environmental Composite & Land Suitability Maps with
the Future Land Use Map
A comparison of the Environmental Composite Map (all maps are in the back of this
document) and the Land Suitability Map shows no appreciable difference between the
two maps. When each of these maps is compared to the Future Land Use Map we can see
that future residential development within the Town of Surf City will occur primarily
within areas which are classified by the Environmental Composite Map as Class II or III.
The entire Town, with a few minor exceptions is classified in this way. When we
compare the Future Land Use Map to the Land Suitability Map, we see development will
occur in areas shown to be of medium or low suitability for development. The Mainland
Business Corridor is of high suitability. The development of those areas shown as of low
suitability is made possible by the availability of the sewage collection and treatment
system.
Lands shown as suitable for development must, in each case, be consistent with the •
current zoning requirements. The natural features and properties of each tract (pertaining
to wetlands, maritime forest, flood hazard, etc.) must examined for each piece on a case
by case basis.
C. Availability of Water and Sewers to Future Development
The entire island portion of the Town of Surf City is served by public water and a
wastewater collection and treatment system. These amenities are not yet available to all
of the mainland planning jurisdiction. Future municipal service extensions will allow for
the eventual availability for mainland development. The spatial patterns of development
within the Town of Surf City, as shown on the Future Land Use Map, will not be
significantly altered by the availability of this infrastructure.
D. Natural Hazards
The Town of Surf City is partially located on an island and is therefore subject to
development limitations due to natural hazards. Because of the Town's geographic
location and linear configuration, nearly the entire community is located in a natural
hazard area as indicated graphically by the Flood Zones Map and the Storm Surge Map
(both located in the back of this document).
The projected future use of currently vacant properties is consistent with risks faced by
current residents and business owners. Current risks are believed to be mitigated by
existing ordinances and state and federal building regulations. Surf City does not believe
natural hazards will drastically affect development activity in the Town. Development
-143-

• will continue in locations where vacant land is available according to local requirements
and established patterns.
E. Protecting Shellfish Waters
It is possible that future mainland development activity will have impacts on the waters
within and adjacent to the Town of Surf City. There are open shellfish waters within the
area. Surf City is planning to avoid negative impacts by the following measures:
• Careful adherence to state regulations; and
• Intergovernmental cooperation (state/local/regional).
F. Policy Impact Analysis & Implementation Schedule
As previously noted, the Coastal Resources Commission gives guidance on the
preparation of Land Use Plans in the coastal area. This guidance, titled Technical Manual
for Land Use Planning, requires a policy impact analysis and a policy implementation
schedule.
The policy impact analysis requirement charges each local government with the
responsibility for examining all policies and determining the impact of policies on each
local management goal. In this document management topics are listed, followed by the
policy statements sections, and each section gives the effect in the table/matrix as either
positive (>), negative (-), or neutral (—). The reasons for the rating, in each instance, are
self-explanatory.
• The implementation schedule follows the policy analysis and categorizes the local
policies in this plan, for the vast majority, as current or ongoing. This was by design. The
Land Use Plan leaves plenty of room for additional local action on each policy area if it is
deemed necessary.
•
- 144 -

(A) Public Access Goal •
"To maximize public access to the beaches and the public trust waters of Surf City."
(1) Support for Beach & Water Access
Effect of policy on management topics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(2) Acquisition of Access Sites & Parking Sites
Effect of policy on management topics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(3) Funding for Access Improvements
Effect of policy on management topics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(4) Community Image — Wholesome, Family Oriented, Fun for All
Effect of policy on management topics: Positive = > / Negative
Neutral = —
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(5) Urban Waterfront
Effect of polic, 1 on mana ement topics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(6) Planning for Access
Effect of policy on management topics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
> >
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year =1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
-145-
•
•

• (7) Access Areas Will Be Clean, Well Maintained, & Landscaped Effect of policy on
management tonics: Positive = > / Neaative = - / Neutral = —
•
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 (8) Provision of Public
Access Is a Shared Responsibility Effect of policy on management topics: Positive = > /
Neaative = - / Status = * Neutral = —
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
(9) Intergovernmental Cooperation on Access Effect of policy on management topics:
Positive = > / Negative
Status = * Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
(10) Shoreline Access — Public Trust & Private Rights Effect of policy on management
tonics_ Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral = —
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
I WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
(11) Access Opportunity for Bicycles & Pedestrians Effect of policy on management topics:
Positive = > / Neaative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
(12) Federal Agency Requirements Will Continue to be Exceeded Effect of policy on
management tonics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>.
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
(13) Public Access Is a Major Priority Effect of policy on management topics: Positive = > /
Neaative = - / Neutral = —
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure Natural Haz WQ
I Other/Local
>
>
> >
>
• Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
- 146 -

(14) Access for All — Support for a Conference Center Effect of policy on management
topics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral = —
Access
Land Use::]
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
(15) Ocean & Sound Access — Experience all the Island Offers Effect of policy on
management topics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral = —
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
(16) Management & Maintenance of Public Road Right -of -Ways Effect of policy on
management topics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral = —
Access
Land Use--]
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
(17) Signage & Ownership Effect of policy on management topics: Positive = > / Negative = -
/ Neutral = —
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
(18) Dune Crossover Structures — Preserve Dune Effect of policy on management topics:
Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral = —
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
(19) Boaters Beach Effect of policy on management topics: Positive = > / Negative
Neutral = —
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
(20) Construction of Access Facilities Effect of policy on management topics: Positive = > /
Negative = - / Neutral = —
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz WQ
Other/Local
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
- 147 -
•
•
•

•
•
•
(B) Land Use Compatibility Goal
"To ensure that development and use of resources or preservation of land minimizes
direct and secondary environmental impact, avoids risks to public health, safety and
welfare and is consistent with the capability of the land based on considerations of
interactions of natural and man-made features."
(1) Areas with Development Limitations
Effect of nolicv on management tonics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(2) Permitting Development Compatible with Resources
Effect of nolicv on management tonics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year =1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(3) The Size & Scale of Development Matters
Effect of nnlicv nn management tnnics- Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(4) We Discourage Development Harmful to Property Values
Effect of nolicv on management tonics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * /Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(5) Managed Growth
Effect of nol icv on management tonics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural
WQ
Other/Local
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(6) Redevelopment of Developed Property
Effect of policy on management topics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access I Land Use I Infrastructure I Natural Haz I WQ I Other/Local I
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
- 148 -

() Urban Waterfront — Mixed Uses Are Supported
Effect of policy on management topics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(8) Surf City Wishes to Maintain Maritime Forest
Effect of policy on mana ement topics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4,5 Status =
(9) Designated Urban Waterfront — Coastal Wetlands Impact
Effect of policy on management topics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4,5 Status =
(10 Natural & Cultural Resources Protection Is a Priority
Effect of policy on management topics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4,5 Status =
(11) Intergovernmental & Private Partnerships to Preserve Resources
Effect of polic i on mana ement topics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ --7Other/Local
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4,5 Status =
(12) Development in Freshwater Wetlands
Effect of policy on mana ement topics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4,5 Status =
(13) Planning to Preserve Resources
Effect of policy on management topics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
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•
•
�J

•
•
•
(14) Light Industry Is Desired on the Mainland Effect of policy on management topics:
Positive = > / Ne ative = - /Neutral =
Access Land Use Infrastructure Natural Haz WQ Other/Local
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4,5 Status =
(15) Development in Areas with Hazards Effect of policy on
management tonics- Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral = —
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
(16) Soils Suitability Effect of policy on management topics: Positive = > / Negative
Neutral = —
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
(17) Developers of Property Will Provide Infrastructure Effect of policy on management
tnnics- Pnsitive = > / Negative = - / Neutral = —
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
(18) Annexation Effect of policy on management topics: Positive = > / Negative
Neutral = —
Access Land Use Infrastructure Natural Haz WQ Other/Local
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
(19) Connection to Public Water & Sewer System Is Required Effect of policy on
management tonics- Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral = —
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
(20) Development in the Estuarine Shoreline AEC Effect of policy on management topics:
Pnsitive = > / Negative = - / Neutral = —
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure Natural Haz WQ
Other/Local
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
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•
(21) Support & Promotion of Conservation for Public Trust Areas Effect of policy on
management to ics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral = —
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
(22) Appropriate Development on Land Next to Topsail Sound Effect of policy on
management topics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral = —
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
(23) Safety Is a Priority for Transportation Projects Effect of policy on management topics:
Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral = —
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
(24) Protection of Groundwater Resources Effect of policy on management topics: Positive
= > / Negative = - / Neutral = —
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
(25) Subdivision Roads Will Be Built to State Minimum Standards Effect of policy on
management topics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
(26) Additional Commercial Development Is Desired Effect of policy on management
topics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral = —
Access Land Use Infrastructure Natural Haz WQ Other/Local
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
(27) `Big Box" Commercial Development Location Effect of policy on management topics:
Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral = —
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
•
- 151 -

•
•
(28) Support for Dredging & Beach Nourishment
Effect of nolicv on management tonics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(29) Stormwater Runoff
Effect of nolicv on management tonics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(30) Maintenance of Buffers Between Topsail Sound & Development
F,ffect of nolicv on management tonics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(31) Marinas in Surf City — Dry Stack -Urban Waterfront -Topsail Sound
Effect of nolicv on management tonics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year =1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(32) Development Will Happen According to the Land Use Plan Policy
Effect of nolicv on management tonics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(33) Primary Use of the CBD Will Be Commercial — Mixed Allowed
Effect of nolicv on management tonics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year =1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(34) Surf City Discourages Clear -Cutting & Stripping
Effect of nolicv on management tonics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
InfrastructureEaturalHaz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
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(35) Incentives for Development
Effect of nolicv on management tonics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4,5 Status =
(36) Purchase of Land for Public Use & Enjoyment
Effect of nolicv on management tonics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4,5 Status =
(37) Miscellaneous Municipal Policy
Effect of polic on mana ement topics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access Land Use Infrastructure Natural Haz WQ Other/Local
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year =1, 2, 3, 4,5 Status =
(C) Infrastructure Carrying Capacity Goal
"To ensure that public infrastructure systems are properly sized, located and managed so
the quality and productivity of AECs and other fragile areas are protected or restored."
(1) A General Statement of Policy on Municipal Services
Effect of policy on mana ern t topics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
F-
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4,5 Status =
(2) Policies Concerning Water & the Water System
Effect of nolicv on management tonics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4,5 Status =
(3) Policies Concerning Sewerage Treatment System & Septic Tanks/Systems
Effect of nolicv on management tonics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral = —
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
-153-
Status =
•
•

• (4) Polices Concerning Water & Sewer
Effect of policy on management topics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
•
•
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(5) Stormwater — Roads Effect of policy on management topics:
Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral = —
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(6) Public Access & Water Quality Effect of policy on management
tonics Pnsitive = > / Negative = - / Neutral = —
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(7) Public Access Areas Effect of policy on management topics:
Pnsitive = > / Negative = - / Neutral = ---
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(8) Infrastructure — Who Pays Effect of policy on management
tnnics- Pnsitive = > / Negative = - / Neutral = —
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(9) Groundwater Supply Effect of policy on management topics:
Positive = > / Ne ative = - / Neutral = ---
Access Land Use Infrastructure Natural Haz WQ Other/Local
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(10) Support for Water Conservation Effect of policy on
management tnnics- Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral = —
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
- 154 -

(11) Stormwater
Effect of nolicv on management tonics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral = —
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
F--
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(12) Transportation — — Roads — Bikeways — Sidewalks
Effect of nolicv on management tonics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(13) Impact Fees
Effect of nolicv on management tonics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(14) Intergovernmental Cooperation
Effect of nolicv on management tonics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year =1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(15) Surf City Will Pursue Grant Fund Opportunities for Infrastructure
Effect of nolicv on management tonics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral = —
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(16) This Town Supports the Enhancement of Business Opportunity
Effect of polic on mana ern t topics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral = —
Access Land Use Infrastructure Natural Haz WQ Other/Local
---I_ r- I- I- 7F
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(17) Shoreline Erosion Control — Beach Nourishment
Effect of nolicv on management tonics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
-155-
Status = *
•
•

•
•
•
(18) Recycling
Effect of polic, on mana ement topics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access Land Use Infrastructure Natural Haz WQ Other/Local
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(19) Educational Efforts
Effect of policon mana ement topics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral = —
Access Land Use Infrastructure Natural Haz I WQ Other/Local
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(20) Planning for Infrastructure
Effect of nolicv on management tonics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(D) Natural Hazards Areas Goal
"To conserve and maintain barrier dunes, beaches, flood plains, and other coastal
features for their natural storm protection functions and their natural resources giving
recognition to public health, safety, and welfare issues."
(1) Redevelopment Following a Disaster
Effect of polic, i on mana ement topics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access Land Use Infrastructure Natural Haz I WQ Other/Local
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(2) Participation in the Federal Flood Insurance Program
Effect of nolicv on management tonics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(3) Protection of the Dune System and Natural Features
Effect of nnlicv on management tonics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
- 156 -

(4) Beach Nourishment •
Effect of policy on mana ern t topics: Positive = > / Negative = / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
(5) Intergovernmental Cooperation for Emergency Management Effect of policy on
management topics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access Land Use Infrastructure Natural Haz WQ Other/Local
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
(6) Disaster Mitigation Policies Effect of policy on management topics: Positive = > /
Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
(7) Reconstruction Policy Effect of policy on management topics: Positive = > / Negative = -
/ Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
(8) Placement of Public Utilities Effect of policy on management topics: Positive = > /
Negative = - / Neutral = —
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
(9) Public Purchase of Land in Hazardous Locations Effect of policy on management
topics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use:]
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
(10) Public Expenditure for Private Roads or Vehicular Easements Effect of policy on
management topics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
- 157 -
•
•

•
•
•
(11) Citizen Participation in Planning Effect of policy on management topics: Positive
= > / Neuative = - / Neutral = —
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
(12) Stormwater Impact — New Construction Should Not Impact Residents
Fffect of nnl inv nn manaaement tnnicc- Pncitive = > / Negative = - / Neutral = —
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
(13) Maintain & Replant Native Vegetation
Effect of nnlicv on manauement tonics: Positive = > / Neuative
Status = *
Neutral = —
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
(14) Islands of Topsail Sound
Fffect of nnlicv on manaaement tonics: Positive = > / Negative
Status = *
Neutral = —
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(E) Water Quality Goal
"To maintain, protect, and enhance water quality in all coastal wetlands, creeks, and
estuaries.
(1) Funding for Water Quality Improvement
F.ffPnt of nnlicv nn manaaement tnnicc* Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(2) Malfunctioning Septic Tanks or Systems
Fffect of nnlicv nn manaaement tnnicc- Pncitive = > / Neuative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year =1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(3) Intergovernmental Cooperation on Water Quality
Fffect of nnlicv on manauement tonics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access Land Use
Infrastructure Natural Haz WQ Other/Local
> >
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year =1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
-158-

(4) Compliance with Regulations
Effect of policy on management topics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year =1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(5) Preventing the Degradation of Water Quality
Effect of policy on mana ement topics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year =1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(6) Local -State -Federal Regulatory Requirements
Effect of policy on management topics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(7) Regional Cooperation on Water Quality & Fisheries
Resources
Effect of policy on management topics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(8) Surf City Will Carefully Review All Proposals Before Approval or Denial
Effect of policy on management topics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral = —
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(9) Development in the Estuarine Shoreline
Effect of policy on management topics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(10) Commercial Development in the Downtown Area
Effect of policy on management topics:
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure Natural Haz WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
- 159 -
•
•
•

•
•
(11) Support for State Regulations on Development in AEC's
Effect of polic on mana ement topics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access Land Use Infrastructure Natural. Haz WQ Other/Local
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year =1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(12) Development in Surf City's Urban Waterfront
Effect of nnlicv on management tonics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(13) Marinas in Topsail Sound
Effect of nnlicv on management tonics- Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year =1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(14) Public Trust Waters
Effect of nolicv on management tonics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(15) Water Quality Concerns Related to Transportation Improvements
Effect of nolicv on management tonics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year =1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(16) Public Education on Water Quality Issues
Effect of polic on mana ement topics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral = —
Access Land Use Infrastructure Natural Haz WQ Other/Local
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year =1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(17) Natural Vegetative Buffers
Effect of nolicv on management tonics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
- 160 -

(18) Stormwater
Effect of nolicv on management tonics: Positive = > / Negative / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(19) Preservation of Natural Areas
Effect of nolicv on management tonics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(20) Equipment to Safeguard & Improve Water Quality
Effect of polic, i on mana ement topics:
Access Land Use Infrastructure Natural Haz I WQ Other/Local
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year =1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(21) Control the Density of Development
Effect of nolicv on management tonics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year =1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(22) Clear Cutting of Land
Effect of nolicv on management tonics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(F) Local Areas of Concern Goal & Policies
"To integrate local concerns with the overall goals of the North Carolina coastal program
in the context of land use planning."
(1) Working Together for Transportation Solutions
Effect of nolicv on management tonics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year =1, 2, 3, 4, 5
- 161 -
Status =
•

•
•
(2) Support for Travel & Tourism Activities — Summer Fest
Effect of polic on mana ement topics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral = —
Access Land Use Infrastructure Natural Haz WQ Other/Local
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
(3) Aesthetic & Public Health Concerns Effect of policy on management topics: Positive = >
/ Negative = - / Neutral = —
Access Land Use Infrastructure Natural Haz WQ Other/Local
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year =1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
(4) Provision of Emergency Services Effect of policy on management topics: Positive = > /
Negative = - / Neutral = —
Access Land Use Infrastructure Natural Haz WQ Other/Local
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
(5) Surf City Will Consider Accepting a Gift of Land Effect of policy on management
tonics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral = —
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year =1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
(6) Abatement of Nuisances Effect of policy on management topics: Positive = > /
Negative = - / Neutral = —
Access Land Use Infrastructure Natural Haz WQ Other/Local
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
(7) Preservation of Dunes System Effect of policy on management topics: Positive = > /
Necative = - / Neutral = —
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
(8) Patrolling the Beach Strand — Use of Auxiliary Police Effect of policy on management
topics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral = —
Access Land Use Infrastructure Natural Haz WQ Other/Local
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
- 162 -
Status = *

(9) Annexation
E
Effect of policy on mana ement topics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral = —
Access Land Use Infrastructure Natural Haz WQ Other/Local
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
(10) Erosion — Topsail Sound Effect of policy on management topics: Positive = > / Negative
_ - / Neutral = —
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
(11) Preserve, Protect, and Enhance Natural Resources Effect of policy on management
tonics: Positive = > / Neaative = - / Neutral = —
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
(12) Preserve & Protect Cultural Resources Effect of policy on management topics: Positive
_ > / Negative = - / Neutral = —
Access Land Use Infrastructure Natural Haz WQ Other/Local
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
(13) Cooperation with State & Federal Agencies Effect of policy on management topics:
Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral = —
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
(14) New Development Should Not Create Problems Effect of policy on management topics:
Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
(15) Projects Proposed Should Be Consistent with Town's Goals Effect of policy on
management topics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral = —
Access Land Use Infrastructure Natural Haz WQ Other/Local
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
•
-163-

•
•
•
(16) Preservation of Natural or Open Areas
Effect of policy on management topics: Positive = > / Negative = / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 status =
(17) Local Policy & Local Regulations Should Complement Each Other
Fffect of nnlicv on management tnnics- Pncitive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(18) Upland Excavation for Marinas
Effect of
polic on mana ement topics: Positive = > / Negative
= - /
Neutral = —
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(19) Enhancement of Business Opportunity
Effect of polic on mana ement topics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral = —
Access Land Use Infrastructure Natural Haz WQ Other/Local
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4,5 Status =
(20) Surf City Will Focus on Long -Term Solutions Over a Quick Fix
Fffect of nnlicv nn manaoement tnnicc• Pncitive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(21) Support for Dredging & Beach Nourishment
Fffect of nnlicv on management tonics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(22) General Guidance on Community Growth
Effect of nnlicv on management tonics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
-164-
Status =

(23) Protection of the Maritime Forest •
Effect of nolicv on management tonics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
(24) Surf City Is Good for Business - Family Oriented Beach Community
Effect of policy on management topics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access Land Use Infrastructure Natural Haz WQ Other/Local
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(25) Population Growth & Growth in Designated Residential Areas
Effect of nolicv on management tonics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
(26) Surf City Supports the Location of a Convention Center on the Mainland
Effect of policy on management topics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access Land Use Infrastructure Natural Haz WQ Other/Local
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status
(27) Intergovernmental Cooperation for Enhanced Living on the Island
Effect of nolicv on management tonics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status
(28) Citizen Participation in Public Decisions
Effect of nolicv on management tonics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(29) Property Owners Should Adhere to the Landscaping Ordinance
Effect of nolicv on management tonics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
-165-
�J
•

• (30) Keep That Small Town Feel
Effect of nolicv on management tonics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
•
•
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(31) Protection of Indigenous Wildlife
Effect of polic on management topics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral = —
Access Land Use:::[ Infrastructure Natural Haz WQ Other/Local
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(32) Periodic Review of Enforcement Fee Structure
Effect of nolicv on management tonics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status =
(33) Surf City Will Exceed the Common Expectation
Effect of nolicv on management tonics: Positive = > / Negative = - / Neutral =
Access
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Haz
WQ
Other/Local
>
>
>
>
>
>
Implementation Schedule: ongoing or current = * / Year = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Status = *
- 166 -

Appendix
•
0
•

• CITIZEN PARTICIPATION PLAN
TOWN OF SURF CITY
LAND USE PLAN (Phase 1)
This Citizen Participation Plan has been prepared for the Town of Surf City to provide residents and
property owners of the Town with a range of opportunities to participate in the process of developing the
Town's Land Use Plan (LUP). The Citizen Participation Plan has the following objectives:
♦ To share information about the CAMA planning process and its requirements;
♦ To increase the community's understanding of the impact that land use and development issues
have on quality of life;
♦ To provide opportunities for the residents and property owners to participate in the identification
of land use and development policies and to assess the impact of the policies on the community;
and
♦ To provide a forum where all economic, social, ethnic and cultural viewpoints will be considered
throughout land use plan production.
The design of the Citizen Participation Plan meets the requirements associated with the CAMA planning
grant awarded to the Town. Key elements are described below:
Principal Responsible Local Board
By designation of the Mayor and Town Council the principle local Board responsible for supervision of
• the planning process will be the Town of Surf City Planning Board. The Surf City Planning Board, which
is appointed by the Town Council', includes residents of the Town, non resident property owners, a
representative of the extraterritorial jurisdiction area, and a member of the Town Council as liaison.
The Planning Board is responsible for providing overall leadership and guidance for preparation of the
land use plan. The members of the Planning Board have the following specific duties and
responsibilities:
■ Faithfully attend Planing Board meetings and provide overall direction for development of the
draft land use plan;
■ Serve as a public contact to make it easier for citizens to get information and to make comments
on the plan;
■ Review technical planning materials to help ensure that they accurately represent the current
situation and recent trends in Surf City;
■ Assist the Town's planning advisors with preparation of major plan elements, which includes
identifying concerns and key plan issues, developing community vision, developing goals, and
preparing draft policies and the future land use map;
■ Assist with organization, management, and facilitation of public participation events;
■ Help publicize public participation events in the community and recruit residents and property
owners to attend; and
■ Recommend and present a land use plan to the Town Council.
Attachment 1 includes the names, addresses, and phone numbers of the members of the Planning Board.
• ' The Mayor appoints the Chairman and Vice Chairman from the Planning Board members
selected by the Town Council.

The principal points of contact for land use plan preparation shall be the Chairman of the Planning Board, •
Mr. Barry Newsome, and the Town of Surf City Planning Director, Mr. Todd Rademacher.
Planning Board Meetings
The Planning Board's regular meetings are on the Thursday of the second full week of the month. A
workshop meeting of the Planning Board is held each month on the Tuesday of the week following the
regular Planning Board meeting. Both the regular and workshop meetings are held at Town Hall at 5:30
pm. Special meetings may be called as necessary. In order to comply with the North Carolina General
Statutes 143-318.9 to 143-318.18, a schedule of the Planning Board's meetings is available from the
Planning Department. This schedule is also provided to the Town Clerk for posting and distribution of
the required notices. The Planning Board Chairman will notify Town staff of any changes to the schedule
and of any special meetings so that proper notice may be given.
All Planning Board agendas will allocate time to hear comments on the land use plan from the public.
The Town will keep a record of all residents, property owners, and others who speak at any of the
Planning Board meetings and other events and will retain any land use plan comments that it receives.
The names of the speakers and the written comments will be kept in a file and will be provided to the NC
Division of Coastal Management District Planner for draft plan review.
Attachment 2 provides a general outline of the meeting schedule and gives a purpose for the meetings.
Initial Public Information Meetina
The initial public information meeting, which is a required portion of the CAMA planning process, is •
scheduled for December 12, 2002, at the regular meeting of the Planning Board. The Town must give 2
public notices of the initial public information meeting. The first notice must appear not less than 30 days
before the meeting (on or before November 11, 2002) and the second must appear not less than 10 days
before the meeting (on or before December 2, 2002). Affidavits of publication will be kept as evidence
that this requirement has been met. In addition to the public notices, CAMA grant requires the Town to
notify the Coastal Resources Advisory Council area representative(s) and the NC Division of Coastal
Management District Planner of the date, time, and place of the public information meeting.
The planning team will periodically issue press releases and make efforts to notify the local media of
available information on the Town's land use planning program.
Participation Methods
The Town will use 2 methods of public participation in the preparation of the land use plan:
(1) Hold a community meeting that will allow residents and property owners to express concerns about
land use and development and to set priorities for development of the land use plan; and
(2) Hold a community open house where the community can review draft information available as a part
of (phase 1) land use plan preparation.
Community Meeting
The Planning Board will conduct a facilitated community meeting to assist in identifying a broad range of
land use issues, concerns, and opportunities. At this meeting residents and property owners will create a
single list of issues and opportunities about which there is a high level of agreement among those
attending.

• The community meeting will be conducted in 2 parts. Part One will include a brief introduction to the
CAMA planning process and background planning materials. Part Two will involve small group
discussions of land use planning concerns, issues, and opportunities. After the small group discussions,
the large group will generate a single list of the most important issues and opportunities.
A member of the Planning Board will chair the meeting. Town staff and the planner in charge of the land
use plan project will provide background information and will assist with the overall group process.
Planning Board members will work as facilitators for the small group discussions.
The community meeting will be publicized through the local media, information flyers, posting on the
Town's web page, and through recruiting by members of the Planning Board and other interested citizens.
The intended audience for this public participation opportunity includes residents, resident and non-
resident property owners of Surf City, business owners and operators, real estate professionals, members
of Town committees and associations, and other parties with a stake in the Town's land use plan.
It is anticipated the community meeting will be held in January of 2003.
Communitv Onen House
The Town of Surf City will hold a community open house near the end of the land use plan (phase 1)
planning process. The open house is expected to be held in late April 2003. The open house will be held
on Saturday to allow non-resident property owners a convenient opportunity to attend.
. The open house will provide residents with an easy opportunity to review the information prepared as a
part of the planning process. By review of the material presented, residents will be able to assess trends,
find out about their community, and to express support or recommend adjustments. The attendees will be
able to interact informally with lay and professional members of the planning team.
The intended audience for the community open house includes resident and non-resident property owners,
business owners and operators, real estate professionals, members of town committees and associations,
and all parties with a stake in the town's land use plan.
Citizen Participation Plan Evaluation
The Planning Board will conduct an on -going evaluation of the citizen participation plan and will make
adjustments to this plan as it becomes necessary. It is expected that phase 2 of the Surf City land use
planning program will begin at the end of fiscal year 2002-03. A major review of the process and a re-
evaluation will be conducted at that time. Any needed changes will be reviewed by the Planning Board
and recommended to the Town Council.

Attachment 1
Planning Board — Surf City
Barry Newsome, Chairman Carl Johnson
PO Box 4172 PO Box 2670
Surf City, NC 28445 Surf City, NC 28445
328-1718 328-3251 (w)
Term expires 6/30/03 392-0015 (h)
[e-mail] Term expires 6/30/03
Oliver W. "Al" Alphin
Wanda Batts (ETJ)
PO Box 2154
110 N. New River Drive
120 Channel Bend
Surf City, NC 28443
Surf City, NC 28445
328-3407
328-2026
Term expires 6/30/04
Term expires 6/30/03
[e-mail]
[e-mail]
Carol Ryce John "Trapper" Cramer
PO Box 2686 203 S. Topsail Drive
Surf City, NC 28445 Surf City, NC 28445
328-1421 (w) 328-4847
328-1279 (o Term expires 6/30/04
329-1193(h)
Term expires 6/30/03
[e-mail]
Kim Shaller Sidney Williams, Alternate
2108 N. New River Drive 214 Becky's Creek Road
Surf City, NC 28445 Hampstead, NC 28443
328-5191 328-2511 (w)
Term expires 6/30/04 Term expires 6/30/04
[e-mail]
Frank Camps-Campins, Alternate
101 S. Oak Drive
Surf City, NC 28445
Term expires 6/30/04
[e-mail]
Todd Rademacher
Planning Director, Town of Surf City
P. O. Box 2475
Surf City, NC 28445
328-4131
[e-mail]
Michael Curley, Council Liaison
PO Box 4270
Surf City, NC 28445
328-5804
[e-mail]
•
•
•

0
•
•
Attachment 2
MEETING SCHEDULE
Date
Purpose
November, 2002
Initial orientation meeting.
—Adoption of Citizen Participation Plan
Discussion of key issues
December, 2002
Initial public information meeting
Create vision statement
January, 2003
—Discussion/presentation of existing and emerging conditions.
—Community meeting
February, 2003
Presentation of natural systems analysis to Planning Board.
Presentation of land use and development (including existing
land use map).
March, 2003
—Discussion/analysis of community facilities and transportation
needs with Planning Board.
April, 2003
—Joint meeting/Public Hearing of Town Council and Planning
Board to discuss plan elements.
Community Open House
May, 2003
Public Hearing on plan elements produced.
—Discussion of draft Thoroughfare Plan with Planning Board.
—LUPUP (Phase 1) completed and presented to Surf City.
This Citizen Participation Plan is adopted the
North Carolina.
ATTEST:
Janet Chamblee
Town Clerk
day of , 2002, at the Town of Surf City,
By
A. D. (Zander) Guy
Mayor, Town of Surf City
By
Michael Moore
Town Manager
2 Actual dates are subject to change as needs and circumstances dictate.

CITIZEN PARTICIPATION PLAN
TOWN OF SURF CITY
LAND USE PLAN (Phase II)
This Citizen Participation Plan has been prepared for the Town of Surf City to provide residents and
property owners of the Town with a range of opportunities to participate in the process of developing the
Town's Land Use Plan (LUP). The Citizen Participation Plan has the following objectives:
♦ To share information about the CAMA planning process and its requirements;
♦ To increase the community's understanding of the impact that land use and development issues
have on quality of life;
♦ To provide opportunities for the residents and property owners to participate in the identification
of land use and development policies and to assess the impact of the policies on the community;
and
♦ To provide a forum where all economic, social, ethnic and cultural viewpoints will be considered
throughout land use plan production.
This Citizen Participation Plan has been designed to meet the requirements of the CAMA planning grant
awarded to the Town. Key elements are described below:
Principal Responsible Local Board
By designation of the Mayor and Town Council the principle local Board responsible for supervision of
the planning process will be the Town of Surf City Planning Board. The Surf City Planning Board, which
is appointed by the Town Council', includes residents of the Town, non resident property owners, a
representative of the extraterritorial jurisdiction area, and a member of the Town Council as liaison.
The Planning Board is responsible for providing overall leadership and guidance for preparation of the
land use plan. The members of the Planning Board have the following specific duties and
responsibilities:
■ Faithfully attend Planning Board meetings and provide overall direction for development of the
draft land use plan;
■ Serve as a public contact to make it easier for citizens to get information and to make comments
on the plan;
■ Review technical planning materials to help ensure that they accurately represent the current
situation and recent trends in Surf City;
■ Assist the Town's planning advisors with preparation of major plan elements, which includes
identifying concerns and key plan issues, developing community vision, developing goals, and
preparing draft policies and the future land use map;
■ Assist with organization, management, and facilitation of public participation events;
■ Help publicize public participation events in the community and recruit residents and property
owners to attend; and
■ Recommend and present a land use plan to the Town Council.
Attachment 1 includes the names, addresses, and phone numbers of the members of the Planning Board.
The principal points of contact for land use plan preparation shall be the Chairman of the Planning Board,
Mr. Barry Newsome, and the Town of Surf City Planning Director, Mr. Todd Rademacher.
0
' The Mayor appoints the Chairman and Vice Chairman from the Planning Board members
selected by the Town Council. •

Planning Board Meetings
• The Planning Board's regular meetings are on the Thursday of the second full week of the month. A
workshop meeting of the Planning Board is held each month on the Tuesday of the week following the
regular Planning Board meeting. Both the regular and workshop meetings are held at Town Hall at 5:30
pm. Special meetings may be called as necessary. In order to comply with the North Carolina General
Statutes 143-318.9 to 143-318.18, a schedule of the Planning Board's meetings is available from the
Planning Department. This schedule is also provided to the Town Clerk for posting and distribution of
the required notices. The Planning Board Chairman will notify Town staff of any changes to the schedule
and of any special meetings so that proper notice may be given.
All Planning Board agendas will allocate time to hear comments on the land use plan from the public.
The Town will keep a record of all residents, property owners, and others who speak at any of the
Planning Board meetings and other events and will retain any land use plan comments that it receives.
The names of the speakers and the written comments will be kept in a file and will be provided to the NC
Division of Coastal Management District Planner for draft plan review.
Attachment 2 provides a monthly outline of the land use plan (phase II) schedule and gives a purpose for
the meetings'.
Participation Methods
The Town will use 2 methods of public participation in the preparation of the land use plan:
(1) Hold community meetings to allow residents and property owners to express concerns about land use
and development and to set priorities for development of the land use plan; and
(2) Hold a community open house where the community can review draft information available as a part
of (phase II) land use plan preparation.
• Public Information Meetin
The Land Use Plan Phase II public information meeting is scheduled for October 21, 2003, at the regular
meeting of the Planning Board. The Town will publish a public notice of this Land Use Plan Phase II
public information meeting. An affidavit of publication will be kept as evidence this Citizen Participation
Plan requirement has been met. In addition to the public notice, the Town will notify the area Coastal
Resources Advisory Council area representative(s) and the NC Division of Coastal Management District
Planner of the date, time, and place of the public information meeting.
The planning team will periodically issue press releases and make efforts to notify the local media of
available information on the Town's land use planning program.
Communitv Meetin
The Planning Board will conduct a facilitated community meeting to assist in identifying land use plan
policy. At this meeting residents and property owners will work to create policy statements in each of the
following areas: -policies that provide beach and public trust waters access opportunities on the shoreline;
-policies to balance protection of natural resources with economic development; -policies on level of
service and criteria for infrastructure; -policies which minimize threats to life, property, and natural
resources resulting from development located in or adjacent hazards areas; -policies to ensure coastal
water quality is maintained; -participants will identify and address local policy concerns.
The community meeting will be conducted in 2 parts. Part One will include a brief introduction to the
0
'Actual dates are subject to change as needs and circumstances dictate.

land use planning process and policy issue areas. Part Two will involve small group discussions of land
use planning policy. The expected outcome of this meeting will be a list of policy statements generated •
by participants which may be used in the land use plan.
A member of the Planning Board will chair the meeting. Town staff and the planner in charge of the land
use plan project will provide background information and will assist with the overall group process.
Planning Board members will work as facilitators for the small group discussions.
The community meeting will be publicized through the local media, information flyers, posting on the
Town's web page, and through recruiting by members of the Planning Board and other interested citizens.
The intended audience for this public participation opportunity includes residents, resident and non-
resident property owners of Surf City, business owners and operators, real estate professionals, members
of Town committees and associations, and other parties with a stake in the Town's land use plan.
It is anticipated the community meeting will be held in December of 2003.
Communitv OQen House
The Town of Surf City will hold a community open house near the end of the land use plan (phase 1I)
planning process. The open house is expected to be held in late February 2004. The open house will be
held at a time which is convenient for all interested parties to attend.
The open house will provide residents with an easy opportunity to review the information prepared as a
part of the planning process. By review of the material presented, residents will be able to assess trends,
find out about their community, and to express support or recommend adjustments. The attendees will be
able to interact informally with lay and professional members of the planning team.
The intended audience for the community open house includes resident and non-resident property owners, •
business owners and operators, real estate professionals, members of town committees and associations,
and all parties with a stake in the town's land use plan.
Citizen Participation Plan Evaluation
The Planning Board will conduct an on -going evaluation of the citizen participation plan and will make
adjustments to this plan as it becomes necessary. Any needed changes will be reviewed by the Planning
Board and recommended to the Town Council.
Attachment 1
Planning Board — Surf City

•
Barry Newsome, Chairman
Carl Johnson
PO Box 4172
PO Box 2670
Surf City, NC 28445
Surf City, NC 28445
328-1718
328-3251 (w)
Term expires 6/30/03
392-0015 (h)
[e-mail]
Term expires 6/30/03
Oliver W. "Al" Alphin
Kim Shaller
PO Box 2154
2108 N. New River Drive
120 Channel Bend
Surf City, NC 28445
Surf City, NC 28445
328-5191
328-2026
Term expires 6/30/04
Term expires 6/30/03
[e-mail]
[e-mail]
aol.com
Carol Ryce John "Trapper" Cramer
PO Box 2686 203 S. Topsail Drive
Surf City, NC 28445 Surf City, NC 28445
328-1421 (w) 328-4847
328-1279 (f) Term expires 6/30/04
329-1193 (h)
Term expires 6/30/03
• docksiderl(Qprodigy.net
Sidney Williams, Alternate Frank Camps-Campins, Alternate
214 Becky's Creek Road 101 S. Oak Drive
Hampstead, NC 28443 Surf City, NC 28445
328-2511 (w) Term expires 6/30/04
Term expires 6/30/04 [e-mail]
Michael Curley, Council Liaison
Todd Rademacher
PO Box 4270
Planning Director, Town of Surf City
Surf City, NC 28445
P. O. Box 2475
328-5804
Surf City, NC 28445
michaelcurley@ao�
328-4131
TJRPlan&aol.com
Attachment 2
MEETING SCHEDULE
Monthly Action/Purpose
0
4

September
Town Board invited to Planning Board meeting to discuss or give comments on phase I land use plan,
completion of review of past policy, Planning Board approves and Town Board adopts Citizen
Participation Plan 0
October
Review of community concerns and aspirations, review of existing and emerging conditions, review of
vision statement, discussion of management topics, public information meeting, review and discussion of
policy (public access, land use compatibility)
November
Review and discussion of policy (infrastructure carrying capacity, natural hazard areas, water quality,
local areas of concern), future land use map preparation
December
Town Board invited to Planning Board meeting for comments and suggestions on draft land use plan,
community meeting,
January
Review and revision of draft plan (Planning Board & Town Board), citizen participation opportunity
February
Review and revision of draft plan(Planning Board & Town Board), citizen participation opportunity,
community open house
March
Submit LUP for DCM/DENR review
April •
Revise plan as needed based on review, public participation continues
May
Public hearing on LUP, Town Board adoption
June
Draft land use plan submitted to DCM/DENR for CRC certification
This Citizen Participation Plan is adopted the
North Carolina.
ATTEST:
Pattie Arnold
Town Clerk
day of , 2003, at the Town of Surf City,
LIM
A. D. (Zander) Guy
Mayor, Town of Surf City
Michael Moore
Town Manager
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Town of Surf City
Results of Planning Board Meeting — November 14, 2002
Existing & Emerging Conditions Discussion
Significant and existing conditions have been identified through a dialogue established with the
Planning Board, through the opportunity to hear citizens through the forum of the Planning
Board's meetings, through discussions with Town staff, and in conversations with citizens. The
identification of emerging conditions, by definition, is a never ending process. They are always
popping up. The identification of, or, in some cases, the realization of existing conditions
(which is a psychologically adaptive process), sometimes happens in ways which may surprise
those who are long-term residents or regular visitors. The conditions or issues we are interested
in here are those growth related conditions which influence land use, development, water quality
(and other environmental concerns), as well as quality of life issues in the planning area.
The following significant existing and emerging conditions, or trends, have been identified as a
part of the land use planning process in Surf City.
=-More year round residents are moving into Surf City. The municipality is trending towards
becoming both a resort and a bedroom community.
=-People are moving into all areas of the municipality (island/ETJ/mainland) not just the island.
=-The new residents are believed to be more affluent.
=-Growth is happening at a rapid pace. It needs to be controlled ... not stopped. The community
doesn't really want to stop the growth.
=-Surf City is getting bigger units on existing lots, more duplexes, triplexes, and bigger houses.
=-Through redevelopment the older smaller island or waterfront units will go. (This is a trend.)
Smaller units will be moving off the island.
=-It is believed the island areas are not where future manufactured home location will occur.
(This is a trend.) This is believed to be a function of economics. Modular and manufactured
home development will continue on the mainland.
m-There is little possibility for heavy industry in the area between Holly Ridge and Surf City.
This area is environmentally sensitive ... there's lots of wetlands out there. Small or light
manufacturing would be desirable.
=-Small tourist oriented businesses are seen as appropriate for the island. Intense retail
development is seen as likely to occur off island in the mainland area of Surf City.
=-There is large undeveloped acreage in the mainland area. Development of this area could,
quite literally, change the town character forever. Decisions made concerning mainland
development are extremely important.
m-Vacant land in Surf City is selling and developing fast. This trend is also true for the Surf
City ETJ.
=-The recently approved landscaping ordinance is going to have a major impact on the look and
feel of the entire Surf City planning area.
=-Single family houses are incompatible with existing uses in the C-1/downtown area. The
conflicting uses are currently living together in an uneasy truce. This needs a fix.
=-The Planning Board strongly feels we will need a policy to decrease stormwater runoff. This
is seen as a big issue for Surf City.
w-Traffic is a big issue for Surf City.

=-The water quality in banks channel is very good. •
w-Holly Ridge is not as affluent as Surf City and has suffered some economic setbacks recently
with industry closure and cutbacks (U.S. Dept of Commerce, Bureau of Census 2000).
=-The relationship with other area municipalities is good. The relationship with the County is
getting better all the time.
=-The Planning Board thinks the town/area is feeling the current economic pinch like everybody
else (nationwide & NC).
=-The Planning Board sees real estate investors moving into Surf City. People are believed to
be pulling dollars out of the market and sinking it into real estate.
=-Camp Lejeune's nearby location is felt to be positive and gives Surf City an increase in the
use of rental property.
m-Water capacity is a current issue. The town is currently working on it ... pressure for fire, etc.
A new water tower is being built and a new well is being installed on the mainland.
=-Parking is seen as a problem ... especially during the warm weather summer months.
=-There is a future possibility of ferries from the mainland carrying people over to the beach.
=-Public transportation is possible as a means of resolving or lessening a traffic problem.
Solutions discussed include: carrying people along the island, carrying people to the beach from
the mainland (from hotels and from park and ride lots).
=-Geography issue: it has been said there isn't enough depth to allow a lot of ocean front
development in Surf City.
=-The Town wants to encourage a mix of land uses. It is also true, again, they are cognizant of
the problem in the downtown area and see this as not the type of mix they want.
=-The swing bridge must be repaired.
=-Upgrades are needed to the town street pattern. •
=-The Surf City layout of streets is "weird" (offsets, etc) and has led to traffic problems.
=-Turn lanes are needed at stoplight.
=-Turn lanes needed for businesses.
=-The Planning Board is concerned about getting people on the island but also about what
happens when they get there. No place to park ... the clogging up of traffic arteries ... peak
season grid lock ... all are seen as possible, at some point in the not too distant future, without
some relief.
=-The Town needs sidewalks for day trippers and others who will walk to the store or beach.
m-Bike trails are needed.
m-Surf City's heritage connects us to the water. We don't want to lose this cultural/historic
connection. Mooring buoys in the water (for transients and long-term use is seen as possible).
=-Public accessways are important community features and add value to the Town.
=-The Police Dept is doing a good job.
=-The Fire Dept is doing a good job.
=-Each municipality on the island has their own police and fire.
=-There are no complaints about rescue services. Service is believed to be adequate.
=-In summary, of all conversations of existing and emerging conditions, the single issue upon
which people spent the most time, was transportation.
w-Stormwater runoff is seen as a very important issue. Even with current water quality thought
to be "good," people are still thinking ahead about this issue ... which is also good.
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Role of the Surf City Planning Board in Land Use Plan Creation '
UNIQUE PERSPECTIVE
You represent a unique local viewpoint from within the community. Planning Board
members know the area well, both its people and its resources. You have a feeling for what
may work and what may not.
PLANDEVELOPMENT
You should provide community perspective and insight on information gathered as well as
feedback on policies and implementation actions as they are developed. In so doing, you will
play a critical role in shaping the specific policies and actions that will lead Surf City into the
future. At the same time, you are not being asked to be a planner, designer, or writer, you are
to be a sounding board for citizens, businesses, and property owners.
NETWORKING, RECRUITMENT, & PUBLIC PARTICIPATION
You know others in the community who have strong interest in the future of the Town of
Surf City. These others may include friends, neighbors, business associates, or others in
positions of interest and influence. By inviting these individuals to participate in the
planning process, you can help to make sure all viewpoints within the community are
embodied within the plan.
PUBLIC MEETING SUPPORT
During the course of the project, you may be asked to help out during public meetings.
Specific roles will be discussed and agreed upon before each meeting and may include:
greeting/signing people in, facilitating small group discussions, summarizing meeting results,
and so on.
PLAN PRESENTA TION & RECOMMENDATION
At the conclusion of the planning process, you will be asked to participate in the
recommendation of the plan to the Town Council for their preliminary approval and final
adoption.
' The material presented here was adapted from the NC Dept of Environment & Natural
Resouces, Division of Coastal Management, "Technical Manual for Coastal Land Use
Planning."

SURF CITY STRATEGIC PLAN •
MISSION STATEMENT
Every day, to make Surf City a better place to live and a better place to visit.
STRATEGIC GOALS
A. To make Surf City a wholesome, family -oriented community for residency and for
tourism.
Implementation Measures
—To acquire and develop new park facilities for the enjoyment of residents and visitors.
—To encourage development of wholesome and environmentally friendly privately operated
recreation and amusements for the enjoyment of residents and visitors.
—To develop a network of bikeways and pedestrian walkways for the use and enjoyment of
residents and visitors.
—To maintain and develop excellent beach access facilities, parking, and amenities for the
enjoyment of residents and visitors.
—To site, design, and develop a community center for the civic and leisure use of residents and
visitors to Surf City.
—To stimulate the development of day camps and the recreational programming for young
people.
—To discourage and/or prohibit activities that are inconsistent with a wholesome, family -oriented
community atmosphere.
—To expand the Fourth of July special observance and to organize special fall and spring events
for the enjoyment of residents and the attraction of visitors. •
—To prepare an updated Master Recreation Plan, with potential inclusion of plans for tennis and
skateboarding facilities.
B. To improve community appearance in all seasons of the year.
Implementation Measures
—To increase funding and support for the work of the Surf City Beautification & Appearance
Committee, including a program of public recognition for homes and businesses that contribute
to an improved community appearance.
—To set a good example, through landscaping, beautification, and maintenance of municipal
properties, for land owners throughout the community.
—To target the clean-up of junk and nuisance conditions throughout the town, through courteous
requests and through, where necessary code enforcement actions.
—To beautify the entrances to the community with new welcome signs and appropriate
landscaping.
—To explore development of a program to steadily relocate more overhead utility facilities
underground.
—To continue a program of purchasing and providing more holiday decorations for placement
along public streets.
—To explore acquisition of landscaping easements to allow beautification of thoroughfare areas
and to screen less attractive conditions from public view.
—To develop a plan for design and improvement of the former fire station site.
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C. To improve the availability of business services for residents and visitors.
Implementation Measures
—To establish a municipal Economic Development Committee to help develop strategies for
business development.
—To specifically encourage the establishment of new service businesses.
—To improve municipal park and beach access facilities to encourage the attraction of more
customers to the community.
—To site, design, and develop a conference center to support expansion of tourism.
—To develop a Thoroughfare Plan for the mainland portion of Surf City, to guide well -planned
development of new commerce.
—To make improvements to the Town's water and sewer infrastructure which support the
development of new business services.
D. To encourage high valuation development, in order to establish and maintain a
substantial tax base to support public services.
Implementation Measures
—To revise and improve the Town's outdated zoning ordinance.
—To develop and implement procedures for expediting development plan review.
—To update the Town's Land Use Plan, keep the plan up to date, and actively use the plan to
guide development.
—To continue concerted efforts to research, develop, and finance a major and ongoing beach
restoration program in Surf City.
—to insure that the Town's utilities infrastructure is capable of serving the type of high valuation
development being sought.
—To discourage, through zoning and code enforcement, low value development and the
deterioration of existing properties.
E. To improve the state and municipal transportation system in Surf City, for the
convenience of residents and visitors and for support of economic growth.
Implementation Measures
—To prepare an official Thoroughfare Plan that projects placement of additional street in the
mainland portion of Surf City.
—To construct a network of bicycle and pedestrian paths that includes key destinations of interest
throughout the community.
—To seek drainage improvements to state system roads in Surf City, and to construct drainage
improvements to municipal streets in Surf City.
—To lobby for widening of NC 5 0/2 10 from Blackbeard's Amusement Park to Town limits.
—To seek an NCDOT study of traffic management in the downtown area.
F. To maintain and improve a municipal water and sewer utility system that will sustain
continued growth of the community and which will improve fire protection for persons and
property.
Implementation Measures
—To explore and plan development of new water production capacity.
—To explore potential supply of water and sewer services to Topsail Beach.
—To improve back-up water capacity through an upgraded connection to the Onslow County

water system. •
—To acquire a site for and construct a new elevated water storage tank in southern Surf City.
—To replace the old water line along NC 50/210 to be affected by highway widening.
—To stabilize and protect the primary water supply line under the Intracoastal Waterway.
—To upsize or supplement water mains in the core of the system to improve fire flows.
—To acquire additional property for wastewater treatment spray fields.
G. To maintain a high level of public safety protection for residents and visitors.
Implementation Measures
—To develop and implement a uniform standard for street lighting in the town.
—To continue and enhance water patrol activities.
—To make community policing contacts with residents twice each year and with businesses four
times each year.
—To utilize trained civilian auxiliaries to assist to assist in identifying and reporting public safety
and law enforcement problems.
—To work with the Sheriff s Department to improve dispatching problems at the 911 center.
H. To improve health and medical services to residents and visitors.
Implementation Measures
—To investigate the potential for Pender East paramedic service responses to the Onslow County
portion of Surf City.
—To request that more services offered by the Pender County Health Department be provided in
short-term clinics on Topsail Island. •
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1 CE RMMD TRUE COPY
Letitia A Black, Clerk
STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA OzAsimti+CowAgBoatuddC=Mzss10t
COUNTY OF ONSLOW
RESOLUTION DELEGATING AUTHORITY TO THE TOWN OF SURF CITY
TO ADOPT AN INDIVIDUAL LAND USE PLAN INDEPENDENT OF
ONSLOW COUNTY AS ALLOWED UNDER THE COASTAL AREA MANAGEMENT
ACT OF 1974
WHEREAS, GS 113a-114 of the Coastal Area Management Act (CAMA) provides that either
the County or the Coastal Resources Commission (CRC) may delegate responsibility to a
municipality to prepare and adopt a CAMA Land Use Plan independent of the County Land Use
Plan; and
WHEREAS, the Onsiow County Commissioners were advised that the Town of Surf City has
requested authority from Onslow County to prepare a LAMA Land Use Plan independent from
the Onslow County CAMA Land Use Plan; and
WHEREAS, the Town of Surf City is recognized as an incorporated municipality by the State of
North Carolina and is located in the County of Onslow.
NOW, THEREFORE BE IT RESOLVED that the County of Ouslow has delegated authority
to the Town of Surf City to prepare and adopt its own CAMA Land Use Plan for areas within its
planning jurisdiction.
WITNESS my hand and the corporate seal of the said County of Onslow, this the 18'h day of
November2002.
ONSLOW COUNTY
BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS
l � .
. Collins. chairman
ATTEST: �
4''ZZ4�
a M. Black, Clerk tb the Board

•
RESOLUTION DELEGATING AUTHORITY TO THE TOWN OF SURF CITY
TO ADMAN WDIVIDUAL LAND USE PLAN WDEPENDENT OR
FENDER COUNTYAS NA] OWEDMENT UNDD RACT OF HE COASTAL AREA
N(A
WHEREAS, G.S.113a--110 of the Coastal area Management Act (CAMA) provides that
either the County or the Coastal Resources Commission (CRC) may delegate
responsibility to a municipality to prepare and adopt a CAMA Land Use Plan
independent of the County Land Use Plan; and
WHEREAS, the gender County Commissioners were advised that the Town of Surf City
has requested authority from Pender County to prepare a CAMA Land Use Plan
independent from the pender County CAMA Land Use Plan; and
W13MEAS. the Town of Surf City is recognized as an incorporated municipality by the •
State of North Carolina and is located in the County of Pender,
NOW, nMMFORE BE IT RESOLVED that the County of Pender has delegated
authority to the Town of Surf City to prepare and adopt its own CAMA Land Use Plan
for areas within its planning jurisdiction.
WLTIESS my hand and the corporate seal of the said County of Pender, this the
_] 9th day 2002.
(S) (Clerk Signature)
Chairperson of the County Commissioners
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Planning Board — Surf City
Barry Newsome, Chairman
Frank Camps-Campins, Alternate
PO Box 4172
101 S. Oak Drive
Surf City, NC 28445
Surf City, NC 28445
328-4282
328-5598
Term expires 6/30/06
Term expires 6/30/07
[e-mail]
fmcampins(aZaol.com
Carl Johnson
Sidney Williams
14021 HWY 50
Century 21
Surf City, NC 28445
518 Roland Avenue
328-3251 (w)
Surf City, NC, NC 28445
392-0015 (h)
--or--
Term expires 6/30/06
214 Becky's Creek Road
Hampstead, NC 28443
Oliver W. "Al" Alphin
328-2511 work
PO Box 2154
328-5263 fax
120 Channel Bend
512-3236 cell
Surf City, NC 28445
Term expires 6/30/06
328-2026
Term expires 6/30/07
[e-mail]
Andy Cavender
Doug Medlin, Town Council Liaison
•
P. O. Box 2724
P. O. Box 2690
719 Shell Street
Surf City, NC 28445
Surf City, NC 28445
328-1887 work
328-0274 home
ecsports@,earthlink.net
443-2447 cell
Term expires 6/30/07
[e-mail]
Sally Edens
P. O. Box 2147
4104 4"' Street
Surf City, NC 28445
328-4588
Term expires 6/30/07
[e-mail]
Carol Ryce
PO Box 2686
Surf City, NC 28445
328-1421 work
328-1279 fax
329-1193 home
Term expires 6/30/06
[e-mail]
0

Kev Characteristics of NC Municinal Beaches. 20001
Municipality
Median
Age
% Housing
Units
Occupied
All Year
% in Labor
Force
-16 & over
Median
Household
Income
Median
Family
Income
Per Capita
Income
% of Total
Housing
in 1-unit detached
Median Value of
Owner Occupied
Housing
Southern Shores
51.4
49.2%
51.3%
$61,676
$68,250
$35,933
97.4%
$221,500
Kitty Hawk
40.6
48.3%
69.9%
$42,813
$48,656
$22,960
67.8%
$144,600
Kill Devil Hills
36.7
48.8%
76.6%
$39,712
$44,681
$20,679
82.9%
$104,500
Nags Head
42.7
27.4%
67.0%
$53,095
$61,302
$30,157
83.3%
$143,900
Atlantic Beach
48.7
20.5%
63.3%
$38,312
$52,411
$31,339
30.8%
$207,800
Pine Knoll Shores
61.8
37.9%
36.8%
$53,800
$60,662
$34,618
47.7%
$220,500
Indian Beach
58.8
4.1%
52.7%
$47,250
$45,250
$25,826
2.7%
$625,000
Emerald Isle
50.1
27.3%
54.3%
$53,274
$60,257
$31,316
58.7%
$200,000
North Topsail Beach
45.1
21.6%
64.4%
$45,982
$53,125
$33,972
25.7%
$137,500
Surf City
48.1
26.7%
61.7%
$40,521
$48,654
$25,242
55.6%
$177,100
Topsail Beach
55.6
21.9%
53.7%
$55,750
$64,167
$35,838
81.1%
$281,300
Wrightsville Beach
37.1
41.8%
65.6%
$55,903
$71,641
$36,575
31.3%
$480,600
Carolina Beach
43.6
56.2%
68.0%
$37,662
$44,882
$24,128
42.8%
$156,000
Kure Beach
50.5
46.3%
60.8%
$47,143
$55,875
$26,759
61.2%
$188,300
Bald Head Island
56.3
14.7%
56.7%
$62,083
$56,964
$45,585
87.5%
$525,000
Caswell Beach
59.9
32.7%
39.9%
$57,083
$63,750
$41,731
43.7%
$242,300
Oak Island
49.2
46.2%
56.1%
$40,496
$48,775
$23,964
83.5%
$119,400
Holden Beach
55.4
18.4%
48.8%
$59,583
$70,000
$36,113
84.7%
$247,300
Ocean Isle Beach
53.4
8.3%
49.6%
$67,639
$65,625
$42,605
69.3%
$340,700
Sunset Beach
60.2
30.5%
37.8%
$47,356
$57,019
$36,181
51.8%
$219,600
Pender County
38.8
77.2%
58.5%
$35,902
$41,633
$17,882
58.8%
$113,400
North Carolina
35.3
88.9%
65.7%
$39,184
$46 35
$20,307
64.4%
$108,300
NC Bch Muni Average
50.26
31.44
56.75%
$50,356.65
$57,06530
$32,118.65
59.47%
$249,145
Surf City Rank
14th
highest
13m
highest
8th
highest
16th
highest
17th
highest
16th
highest
12th
I highest
14th
hi hest
1 Figures were gathered from the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, 2000, and the NC State Data Center, 2001. There were 20 municipal beach
communities in the year scheduled for the census. The recently incorporated municipality of Duck was created after the 2000 Census. U.S. Bureau of the Census figures
are not yet available for this municipality. Consequently, Duck is not listed here. Pender County and North Carolina are included for the purpose of comparison.

Transportation Plan — Surf City Land Use Plan
As a part of the production of this Advanced Core Land Use Plan for the Town of Surf City we
have included this Transportation Plan. Much time was spent in Phase I of the planning process
discussing transportation issues. The question of how these issues would be resolved was also
given a great deal of time and discussion by the Planning Board and by transportation specialists.
The planning process followed the following outline:
1) A facilitated general discussion of transportation in Surf City.
2) Discussion of the transportation challenges facing Surf City (on island and mainland).
3) Discussion of transportation challenges in Region O.
4) Brainstorming with the Planning Board on possible solutions.
5) Interviews with transportation specialists for recommendations on solutions.
6) Planning Board review and discussion of issues and recommendations.
7) Results of these steps (1-6) are presented here.
The content of this Transportation Plan element shows the results of the brainstorming session
and gives recommendations for implementing solutions to the recognized problems.
•
On January 16, 2003, the Town of Surf City Planning Board and interested citizens attending
had a facilitated brainstorming session on traffic/transportation issues' specific to the
municipality. The results of the meeting were to produce a list of transportation issues needing
action. These issues are shown below. •
-A traffic assessment by NC DOT is needed.
-Sidewalks are needed - especially in the downtown area and for approximately 10 blocks from
South Shore to North Shore Drive.
-Crosswalks are needed. There are currently no crosswalks in the Town.
-Re-routing of Town of Topsail Beach traffic by the water tower.
-Post scheduled bridge opening and closing times at the bridge or on approach to the bridge.
-Upgrade the causeway - make improvements to allow free flow of traffic and increasing flow.
-4 lane Draw/lift Bridge - or a 4 lane swing bridge.
-The Town should buy property on the mainland for future parking opportunity.
-Beach access areas should all be numbered and signed - so visitors will know there are more
down the road and will (perhaps) choose to not congregate at those access areas closest to
downtown business area.
-Property purchase (and planning) is needed for an on island transportation center - for use by
' Issues were described to the Planning Board as problems ... or things we needed to do
something about.
z 25 issues were recorded at this session. Parking was mentioned specifically 4 times
(16%), and, including implicit reference, 8 times (32%) in total. Crosswalks were mentioned
twice. Property acquisition (for parking, etc.) was brought up 3 times.
0

• shuttle traffic onto island.
-The purchase of tracts of land for transportation type uses is necessary for multiple needs.
-Good communication with island users/day trippers and overnight guests is necessary. People
will drive around looking for access areas, restrooms, food stands, etc. The Town needs to
produce and make widely available a flyer for use by island visitors. This flyer, or map, will be
user friendly and will give a graphic illustration of where things are within Surf City. (Possible
cooperative agreement with Topsail Beach and North Topsail Beach.)
-The Town should consider the use of reversible lanes onto or off of the island.
-An excellent network of roads in the undeveloped areas off of HWY 210/50 in the mainland
area of Surf City is necessary. This roads network will allow travel in these areas without
ingressing/egressing the main thoroughfare. This should be a working/planned network of roads.
-Beach access parking is needed.
-Day trippers are focused on the downtown area. There may be parking areas possible on the
north side of the island portion of Town, which could be purchased and used to re -orient the
focus of these visitors away from downtown.
-Mass transportation methods need to be considered to alleviate traffic congestion.
-Off island parking needs to be considered. Trolleys, buses, a unique pedestrian ferry ... all are
ideas which should be explored.
-Parking in the downtown business district is a problem.
-The Town should consider the utility of making Shore Drive and Topsail Drive one way streets.
-A traffic light is needed at the HWY 50/210 intersection.
-Bike racks'are needed (to encourage alternate forms of transportation). These could be
• provided by businesses and local/state government in cooperation.
-The South Shore and Topsail Drive intersection needs realignment.
-Stormwater needs to be off streets and into detainment/retainment ponds.
-Better road maintenance (state & local) is needed. A maintenance, repair, and upkeep schedule
should be created. Crosswalks should be painted where necessary and kept obvious. Street
sweeping should be a part of regular maintenance, and as necessary.
Recommendations/comments on solutions' to the issues listed are shown below:
The information below gives a list of the transportation issues pertinent to the Town of Surf City.
Each issue is followed by a recommendation or recommendations on ways the issue may be
resolved. Each recommendation is specific to the issue.
It is hoped that with the discussion of issues and with the subsequent identification of
recommended solutions we have created a plan of action for the Town of Surf City to follow.
✓-A traffic assessment by NC DOT is needed.
' These recommendations were receive from NC Department of Transportation staff; Don
Eggert, Cape Fear Area Rural Planning Organization, Chief Planner; Mark Tinkler, Metropolitan
Planning Organization, Senior Transportation Planner; and Haskell Rhett, Planner -in -Charge,
• Town of Surf City Land Use Plan.

Request NC DOT staff assistance in the form of a detailed analysis of the current situation. •
Partner with NC DOT to have an Access Master Plan created (access to the island). This plan
will have the municipality and NC DOT agree as to what needs to be done to preserve the
causeway area which is the gateway to the island. This is a #1 priority item. Request ASAP.
Take action to limit curb cuts along the causeway and in the downtown area.
✓-Sidewalks are needed — especially in the downtown area and for approximately 10 blocks
from South Shore to North Shore Drive.
This is a Town budget (capital expense type of item).
Apply for Enhancement Grant funds from NC DOT.
Require development and redevelopment projects to add sidewalk as a part of local ordinance
requirements.
✓-Crosswalks are needed. There are currently no crosswalks in the Town.
✓-Crosswalks should be painted where necessary and kept obvious. Street sweeping should be
a part of regular maintenance, and as necessary.
There are rules and standards for crosswalks. The location of crosswalks should be discussed
with NC DOT staff before installation.
—Up keep of crosswalks should be planned in advance.
✓-Re-routing of Town of Topsail Beach traffic by the water tower.
—The re-routing of traffic should be considered, in terms of feasibility, in the NC DOT traffic
assessment. •
Property acquisition will be required.
Traffic will no longer flow alongside downtown businesses.
✓-Post scheduled bridge opening and closing times at the bridge or on approach to the bridge.
This idea has merit and should be arranged. Contact Allen Pope, Division Engineer, District 3,
to discuss/arrange.
✓-Upgrade the causeway — make improvements to allow free flow of traffic and increasing flow
Partner with NC DOT to have an Access Master Plan created. (Access to the island.) This plan
will have the municipality and NC DOT agree as to what needs to be done to preserve the
causeway area which is the gateway to the island. This is a #1 priority item. Request ASAP.
—The Landscaping Ordinance will help with appearance.
✓-4 lane draw/lift bridge — or a 4 lane swing bridge
This is a large expense item. If this is to become a reality the Town will need to keep pushing
for the replacement bridge. Be sure this item is mentioned to NC DOT as a part of any project
list prepared.
What is the status of local support or opposition for the elimination of the swing bridge? It was
built in 1953, and has possible historic significance.
✓-Beach access areas should all be numbered and signed — so visitors will know there are more
down the road and will (perhaps) choose to not congregate at those access areas closest to
downtown business area. 0

• —This is a Town government idea/issue. It is a good idea. NC DOT will help with design and
will make the signs for your access areas.
✓-Property purchase (and planning) is needed for an on island transportation center — for use by
shuttle traffic onto island.
✓-Off island parking needs to be considered. Trolleys, buses, a unique pedestrian ferry ... all
are ideas which should be explored.
✓-Day trippers are focused on the downtown area. There may be parking areas possible on the
north side of the island portion of Town, which could be purchased and used to re -orient the
focus of these visitors away from downtown.
✓-The purchase of tracts of land for transportation type uses is necessary for multiple needs.
6/-The Town should buy property on the mainland for future parking opportunity.
Property acquisition will be expensive.
Property acquisition may be contentious.
Purchase of a shuttle, maintenance of the shuttle, and operation of the shuttle are also cost
items.
These expenses will be necessary for the future to maintain the quality of life now enjoyed.
✓-Good communication with island users/day trippers and overnight guests is necessary.
People will drive around looking for access areas, restrooms, food stands, etc. The Town needs
to produce and make widely available a flyer for use by island visitors. This flyer, or map, will
be user friendly and will give a graphic illustration of where things are within Surf City.
• (Possible cooperative agreement with Topsail Beach and North Topsail Beach.)
—Work with Topsail Island Chamber of Commerce and Pender County to create brochure/flyer.
Informational type signage has proven effective at some beaches.
✓-The Town should consider the use of reversible lanes onto or off of the island.
Work with NC DOT on this item.
This has been done at other beaches in the region. Discuss with other beaches who have
successfully done this.
✓-An excellent network of roads in the undeveloped areas off of HWY 210/50 in the mainland
area of Surf City is necessary. This roads network will allow travel in these areas without
ingressing/egressing the main thoroughfare. This should be a working/planned network of roads.
Roads should be built to basic state standards.
Curb cuts to causeway should be limited.
Without proper planning road access will be difficult and the road will be/seem extremely
crowded.
There are better solutions possible than a five lane road with a suicide lane in the center.
✓-Beach access parking is needed.
Implement or create local Beach Access Plan with specific emphasis on this issue.
Purchase of land on the island is going to be expensive.
There are current owners who will not want a facility of this type near their property.
Additional parking will lead to additional visitors which means more cars and more traffic.
U

6/-Mass transportation methods need to be considered to alleviate traffic congestion. is
Mass transportation is costly. There needs to be an education program created to even have
people from this area consider using mass transportation.
✓-Parking in the downtown business district is a problem.
Install parking meters. Raise the rates for the metered parking.
Require additional parking for development and redevelopment projects through local
ordinances.
Purchase of property for parking will be expensive.
—The Town needs to have sidewalks to encourage pedestrian access to downtown.
✓-The Town should consider the utility of making Shore Drive and Topsail Drive one way
streets.
This will require a study by NC DOT.
✓-A traffic light is needed at the HWY 50/210 intersection.
—The location of a traffic light is an issue to work on with NC DOT. They may have already
been approached about this.
✓-Bike racks are needed (to encourage alternate forms of transportation). These could be
provided by businesses and local/state government in cooperation.
—A local issue ... might be acquired as a part of an NC DOT Enhancement Grant project.
Bike lanes could be installed as a part of an NC DOT Enhancement Grant project. Local funds •
could also be used to create bike lanes/trails.
Create an island wide organization to study bike lane feasibility.
✓-The South Shore and Topsail Drive intersection needs realignment.
This recommendation needs study by NC DOT.
✓-Stormwater needs to be off streets and into detainment/retainment ponds.
Create ordinance provisions dealing with the elimination of stormwater.
This is a water quality issue.
✓-Better road maintenance (state & local) is needed. A maintenance, repair, and upkeep
schedule should be created.
Streets are expensive to maintain. Powell Bill funds are limited.
—The local subdivision ordinance should require all streets/roads constructed to be built to state
road standards. This is expensive but worth the pain for the local government in the long -run.
Create a schedule for maintenance of local streets. Work with NC DOT on creation of a
schedule for maintenance of state roads.
0

Seasonal Traffic - Estimated Average Day of Week Volumes'
Route: NC Hwy 210-50
Location: East of intersection of NC Hwy 210-50
County: Pender
AADT: 8,400
Day of Week
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Annual
Sunday
4,400
5,200
5,900
8,000
9,800
14,000
15,000
16,000
7,300
7,200
6,700
5,000
8,700
Monday
5,400
5,900
6,400
7,100
9,000
9,200
10,000
9,900
7,100
6,600
6,900
6,300
7,500
Tuesday
5,400
5,800
6,200
6,800
7,600
8,800
9,300
9,400
89000
6,800
6,400
6,400
7,200
Wednesday
5,400
6,000
6,600
79000
8,000
9,200
9,900
9,800
7,100
7,000
6,700
6,500
7,400
Thursday
5,500
6,100
6,700
79600
8,600
9,500
10,000
10,000
6,200
7,400
7,100
6,500
7,600
Friday
69100
7,000
8,000
9,700
119000
12,000
14,000
13,000
8,900
99300
8,600
7,200
9,600
Saturday
59400
69100
6,800
9,000
119000
18,000
21,000
20,000
9,300
8,500
7,400
6,100
11,000
Monthly
APT
5,400
6,000
6,700
79900
9,300
11,000
13,000
13,000
7,700
7,500
7,100
6,300
8,400
' This information was prepared by NC DOT. Methodology - Factors were generated from a continuous volume monitoring
station located on US 158 at Currituck Sound Bridge. This location has similar travel patterns to those experienced at the Topsail
Island location. The factors were calculated using the ration of of Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADT) to Average Day of Week
Traffic (ADWT) for each day of the month. Only data collected on typical travel days were used in the calculation. Events such as
holidays and weather events are excluded from typical days. These days have unusual traffic travel patterns that are not recurring and
are not used in calculating the AADT value. The estimates provided are representative of demand experienced on a facility that
serves recreational beach travel at various times during the year. All estimates are rounded using appropriate AASHTO guidelines
and are done as the last step in the estimation process.

Seasonal Traffic - Estimated Average Day of Week Volumes'
Route: NC Hwy 210-50
Location: East of intersection of NC Hwy 210-50
County: Pender
AADT: 8,400
Day of Week
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr,
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
SeR
Oct
Nov
Dec
Annual
Sunday
4,400
5,200
5,900
8,000
9,800
14,000
15,000
16,000
7,300
7,200
6,700
5,000
8,700
Monday
5,400
5,900
6,400
7,100
9,000
9,200
10,000
9,900
7,100
6,600
6,900
6,300
7,500
Tuesday
5,400
5,800
6,200
6,800
7,600
8,800
9,300
9,400
8,000
6,800
6,400
6,400
7,200
Wednesday
5,400
6,000
6,600
7,000
8,000
9,200
9,900
9,800
7,100
7,000
6,700
6,500
7,400
Thursday
5,500
6,100
6,700
7,600
8,600
9,500
10,000
10,000
6,200
7,400
7,100
6,500
7,600
Friday
6,100
7,000
8,000
9,700
11,000
12,000
14,000
13,000
8,900
9,300
8,600
7,200
9,600
Saturday
5,400
6,100
6,800
9,000
11,000
18,000
21,000
20,000
9,300
8,500
7,400
6,100
11,000
Monthly
ADT
5,400
6,000
6,700
7,900
9,300
11,000
13,000
13,000
7,700
7,500
7,100
6,300
8,400
' This information was prepared by NC DOT. Methodology - Factors were generated from a continuous volume monitoring station
located on US 158 at Currituck Sound Bridge. This location has similar travel patterns to those experienced at the Topsail Island location. The
factors were calculated using the ration of of Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADT) to Average Day of Week Traffic (ADWT) for each day of the
month. Only data collected on typical travel days were used in the calculation. Events such as holidays and weather events are excluded from
typical days. These days have unusual traffic travel patterns that are not recurring and are not used in calculating the AADT value. The estimates
provided are representative of demand experienced on a facility that serves recreational beach travel at various times during the year. All estimates
are rounded using appropriate AASHTO guidelines and are done as the last step in the estimation process.

Curf City Pnhlic Reach Access Pnintsl
•
•
•
Access Pt (from which acess is availablel/Total = 34
Number of Parking Spaces Available/Total = 268
O#1
0
Hispaniola
6
Bland Shores
0
Pirates Cove
0
Roberts Street (in front of Pleasant Cove)
0
Elizabeth Street
0
Oceanave Estates
0
Windward
0
1140 South Shore
0
Quarterhorse
0
Charlotte
20
Durham
9
Raleigh
3
Highpoint
5
Crossover @ Kinston
15
Roland/Central
15
Greensboro
6
Goldsboro
10
Town Hall
9
New Bern
12
Wilmington
12
508 N. Shore
26
Dolphin
20
Mecklenburg
0
Craven
6
Jones
4
Lenior
6
Pender
3
Broadway
50
1719 N. Shore
5
51" Street
5
2001 N. Shore
5
9" Street
8
9' Street (Handicapped Access)
8
Sound swe access is available to the public at SOuna Nice rarK, aajacent in Nears Laming NWmg isrlage, on me isiana.
1 Access points are listed from south to north. This information was prepared by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers with assistance
from Town of Surf City staff personnel. This table was prepared by Cape Fear Council of Governments.

ATTACHMENT M •
Section 3: Future Land Use Map & Map Classification Categories
(A) The Future Land Use System
The future land use system herein described provides a framework which will guide the Town of
Surf City in identifying the future use of all lands within the Town's planning jurisdiction. Some
of the land areas in Town are obviously more suitable than others for development activity. The
description of the future land use classifications will allow Surf City officials to illustrate
graphically their policy statements on where and at what intensity they wish future growth to
occur. This land use plan section, the accompanying Future Land Use Map (folded in the back of
this document), and the "Density and Development Characteristics Encouraged by the Future
Land Use Area Designations" Table illustrate where and how the Town wants to guide growth.
As a means of assisting local governments in coastal North Carolina with this responsibility, the
Coastal Resources Commission has suggested a system -or a structure which will allow the
community to depict its desired future patterns of land development and which will also give
consideration to the natural systems within the planning area.
The Town of Surf City will use 8 future land use categories -to describe future development
patterns. These 8 categories are: Island Business District/Town Center, Urban Waterfront, Island
Residential, Conservation, Mainland Business Corridor, Mainland Residential, Mainland
Transition — Residential, and Government Use. •
...The Coastal Resources Commission's suggested future land use system for local
governments in the coastal area is described in the NC Administrative Code at Subchapter 7B of
Chapter 15A (15A NCAC 713).
-Please review the Future Land Use Map (which is folded into the back of this
document) for a graphic depiction of where each of the areas described is located.
Attachment M Amendment to Pages 139-145
Adopted 5/2/06

• (1) Island Business District/Town Center
This area is the traditional downtown area for Surf City. The Island Business District/Town
Center is truly the center of on -island business for the entirety of Topsail Island. This area
provides shopping opportunities for island residents and visitors. The shops to be located here
will include a mixture of uses similar to those found in the traditional small Town downtown
area. These uses will include retail, business support, restaurants, recreation, sporting goods, and
entertainment. The Town center will provide pedestrian and bicycle connections to
neighborhoods and will also be accessible by visitors from Topsail Sound. This area will be
developed as mixed use with, predominantly, business uses outweighing the residential users.
Service businesses and facilities to serve residents and visitors will also locate in this area. The
minimum square footage requirement for a lot to be developed within this district is 5,000 square
feet.
As this area is classified as a Town/Business Center, certain portions of it (i.e. main collector or
arterial streets) may allow a maximum of 17 commercial units per acre. However, the desired
average commercial density is 12 to 15 commercial units per acre for the overall area. This area
may also allow up to 10 residential units per acre for multi -family projects, but the desired
average density for the area is 8 residential units per acre with a majority of single-family and
duplex units. Other desired density and development characteristics for the Island Business
District/Town Center are listed in the "Density and Development Characteristics Encouraged by
the Future Land Use Area Designations" Table. Estimates on the future water and wastewater
demand for the Island Business District/Town Center can be found in the "Future Land Use and
• Classification Area Estimation of Growth and Infrastructure Demand" Table.
The Town will take steps to decrease the traffic flow in and around the Town center area. Efforts
to increase parking opportunity for people engaging in business in the Town center will be
explored. Traffic headed south or north should be able to bypass the Town center and the Town
will ensure this goal is met through work with the NC Department of Transportation staff and the
Cape Fear Council of Governments Rural Planning Organization.
Surf City will work cooperatively with property owners to seek to achieve the successful small
Town center envisioned.
Primary applicable Land Use Plan policies for this classification area include:
(2)(2)(B)(I)a,
(2)(2)(B)(3)a,
(2)(2)(B)(4)a,
(2)(2)(B)(5)a,
(2)(2)(B)(6)a,
(2)(2)(B)(13)d,
(2)(2)(B)(14)a-(2)(2)(B)(14)d,
(2)(2)(B)(15)a - (2)(2)(B)(15)b,
(2)(2)(B)(17)a - (2)(2)(B)(15)b,
(2)(2)(B)(22)a,
(2)(2)(B)(26)a - (2)(2)(B)(26)c,
• (2)(2)(B)(33)a.
Attachment M Amendment to Pages 139-145
Adopted 5/2/06

Other applicable policies for this classification area include: •
Infrastructure Carrying Capacity Policies (2)(2)(C) (1)a — (20)a,
Natural Hazard Areas Policies (2)(2)(D) (1)a — (14)a,
Water Quality Policies (2)(2)(E) (1)a — (22)a,
Local Concerns Policies (2)(2)(F) (1)a— (33)a.
(2) Urban Waterfront
Surf City's historic Urban Waterfront area is important to the Town. This area was the first part
of Topsail Island to be developed. Before Surf City was incorporated this area was a thriving
destination for visiting fishermen and for the watermen of Topsail Sound. Historically speaking,
access to the island, and from the island to the water, was always important in the Urban
Waterfront area. Sound side access is available to residents and visitors within this district today
at Sound Side Park, adjacent the Sears Landing Swing Bridge, on the island. This site is a part of
the municipal urban waterfront which has historically existed in Surf City. The beautiful, clean,
abundant, and prolific waters surrounding the island have always affected the style of life for the
community. This Urban Waterfront area gives Surf City a solid connection between past and
present. The Urban Waterfront area also includes the easternmost neck of land extending from
the
mainland towards the island. The entire area gives recognition to the maritime history of the area
and gives Surf City citizens the opportunity to reflect upon and to enjoy the beautiful scenic
vistas and the commercial opportunities nearby. The development of this Urban Waterfront area
is expected to continue through the planning period for this document. The Urban Waterfront
area of Surf City includes the municipal park --just south of the bridge and extends northward •
beyond the marina, and encompasses the waterfront properties north to Goldsboro Avenue across
from Town Hall. The Surf City Urban Waterfront is adjacent the Island Business DistricVTown
center classification.
Development activity within the Urban Waterfront will include mixed uses with business uses
anticipated to predominate over residential development. The Town desires public waterfront
access and interconnectivity (i.e. a sound walk or board walk) throughout the entire classification
area. The full range of urban services will be available to development projects within the Urban
Waterfront. Development activity in the Urban Waterfront will be consistent with local
regulatory requirements. The minimum lot size within this district is 5,000 square feet. This area
may allow up to 8 residential units per acre maximum for single-family and duplex units, with
the desired average density for the area also at 8 residential units per acre. As this area is
classified as an urban/commercial area, certain portions of it (i.e. main streets) may allow a
maximum of 17 commercial units per acre. However, the desired overall average density is 15
units per acre for commercial in this classification area. Other desired density and development
characteristics for the Urban Waterfront are listed in the "Density and Development
Characteristics Encouraged by the Future Land Use Area Designations" Table. Estimates on the
future water and wastewater demand for the Urban Waterfront can be found in the "Future Land
Use and Classification Area Estimation of Growth and Infrastructure Demand" Table.
-This reference is to Sound Side Park, which was previously mentioned in this section.
•
Attachment M Amendment to Pages 139-145
Adopted 5/2/06

• Primary applicable Land Use Plan policies for this classification area include:
(2)(2)(A)(I)a - (2)(2)(A)(2)f,
(2)(2)(A)(5)a
(2)(2)(A)(4)a - (2)(2)(A)(20)c,
(2)(2)(B)(I)a,
(2)(2)(B)(3)a,
(2)(2)(B)(4)a,
(2)(2)(B)(5)a,
(2)(2)(B)(6)a,
(2)(2)(B)(7)a,
(2)(2)(B)(9)a,
(2)(2)(13)(13)d,
(2)(2)(B)(14)a-(2)(2)(B)(14)d,
(2)(2)(B)(15)a - (2)(2)(B)(15)b,
(2)(2)(B)(17)a - (2)(2)(B)(15)b,
(2)(2)(B)(20)b,
(2)(2)(B)(22)a,
(2)(2)(B)(26)a - (2)(2)(B)(26)c,
(2)(2)(B)(33)a.
Other applicable policies for this classification area include:
Infrastructure Carrying Capacity Policies (2)(2)(C) (1)a— (20)a,
Natural Hazard Areas Policies (2)(2)(D) (1)a — (14)a,
• Water Quality Policies (2)(2)(E) (1)a — (22)a,
Local Concerns Policies (2)(2)(F) (1)a— (33)a.
(3) Island Residential
The island portion of Surf City is developed primarily as residential in nature. Except for the
Town center and the urban waterfront (previously described) much of the rest of on -island Surf
City is residential. The availability of on -island residential space is limited as the island is
approaching full development. The major trend in the coming years for the residential areas of
Surf City will be in -fill on lots which are currently subdivided. There will also be redevelopment
and re -subdivision of currently existing lots.
The on -island residential development receives the full complement of available urban services.
The major development concerns for on -island development are to insure the existing
community character is kept, to preserve green space, to protect water quality, and to comply
with the existing body of local, state, and federal rules and regulations governing development.
The Town of Surf City encourages continuing Island Residential development. The minimum lot
size for new projects to maintain within the Island Residential classification is 5,000—10,000
square feet. There are pockets of areas in Island Residential with existing lots of 2,500 square
feet in size and areas allowing Planned Unit Developments upon which development or
redevelopment may take place within the planning period, the maximum units per acre average
for development in these already sub -divided areas will be 16 units per acre. The remainder of
• the Island Residential area may allow up to 8 residential units per acre maximum for single -
Attachment M Amendment to Pages 139-145 4
Adopted 5/2/06

family an duplex units in those areas already allowing lots around 5,000 sq. feet. However, the •
desired average density for the entire Island Residential classification area is 6 residential units
per acre. Other desired density and development characteristics for the Island Residential are
listed in the "Density and Development Characteristics Encouraged by the Future Land Use Area
Designations" Table. Estimates on the future water and wastewater demand for the Island
Residential can be found in the "Future Land Use and Classification Area Estimation of Growth
and Infrastructure Demand" Table.
Primary applicable Land Use Plan policies for this classification area include:
(2)(2)(B)(I)a,
(2)(2)(B)(3)a,
(2)(2)(B)(4)a,
(2)(2)(B)(5)a,
(2)(2)(B)(6)a,
(2)(2)(B)(13)d,
(2)(2)(B)(14)a-(2)(2)(B)(14)d,
(2)(2)(B)(15)a - (2)(2)(B)(15)b,
(2)(2)(13)(17)a - (2)(2)(B)(I5)b,
(2)(2)(B)(22)a,
(2)(2)(B)(26)a - (2)(2)(B)(26)c,
(2)(2)(B)(33)a.
Other applicable policies for this classification area include:
Infrastructure Carrying Capacity Policies (2)(2)(C) (1)a— (20)a, •
Natural Hazard Areas Policies (2)(2)(D) (1)a — (14)a,
Water Quality Policies (2)(2)(E) (I)a — (22)a,
Local Concerns Policies (2)(2)(F) (1)a—(33)a.
(4) Conservation
The Conservation classification within the Town of Surf City applies to all Areas of
Environmental Concern, or AEC's, except those AEC's which are located within the defined
municipal urban waterfront classification, and all federal protected wetlands areas. The wetlands
areas and AEC's are too small in scale and too widely dispersed within the Town's planning
jurisdiction to be accurately depicted on the Future Land Use Map. For federal wetlands, a site
survey will continue to be required to determine if freshwater wetlands exist on a given site.
These areas must be identified by a qualified wetlands consultant, approved by the U.S. Army
Corps of Engineers, or by a representative of the Corps. Surf City's local code of ordinances
does not expressly prohibit wetlands development. If the requested development action may be
permitted by State or federal agencies, the action may be allowed within the Town of Surf City.
All development activity in Surf City must be consistent with local ordinances.
The subdivision regulations requirements for approval of a new subdivision allow for a
negotiated agreement on development activity. The Town will work with future subdividers to
avoid areas which may be less than entirely suitable for development.
•
Attachment M Amendment to Pages 139-145
Adopted 5/2/06

• Community infrastructure improvement or new community infrastructure (including roads,
bridges, water lines, sewer lines, water towers, etc.) is consistent with the Conservation
classification areas in Surf City. However, Surf City policy (2)(2)(C)(4)a holds that any
infrastructure required must be provided by the developer. This includes infrastructure extension
to the development and infrastructure within the development.
Development activity in AEC's is regulated by the State of North Carolina. If these AEC's are
also within the Town of Surf City, all local planning rules and regulations must be adhered to as
well. All AEC's are designated as Conservation areas in Surf City except those areas which are
within the traditional Urban Waterfront classification. Given that the existing zoning (R-5) in the
area classified herein as Conservation allows commercial, residential, and public utility type
development, such development may still be permitted within the Conservation area, contingent
upon such development is consistent with ALL the Town's Land Use Plan policies.
The minimum lot size for development activity in areas classified Conservation is 5,000 square
feet. Local ordinances and the policies contained in this plan will also guide development
activity in the Conservation area.
Again, even though the area designated as Conservation is currently zoned as Residential-5 (R-
5), it is generally understood that the overwhelming majority of land in this designated area is
not suitable for development, and therefore no substantial growth and development is expected to
occur in this area. This area primarily consists of saltwater marshes, spoil islands and land within
or adjacent to estuarine shoreline.
• The Town will consider re -zoning this area to Conservation within the land use plan planning
period (next 10 years) or sooner if development pressure increases on any land within this area.
If development is to occur in the interim, it shall be in areas permitted by federal, state and local
regulations, and encouraged by the Town to be at a preferred density of no more than 2 - 4 units
per acre.
•
The overriding policy consideration for the Conservation classification area in Surf City is to
manage land use and development so as to protect the natural, scenic, and recreational value of
these areas. Such development as may occur in conservation areas should encourage uses which
are better able to withstand the storm effects (flooding, wind, erosion, etc.) that typically occur in
these hazard areas. The basic guidelines for determining acceptable uses within the Conservation
classification areas are the general use standards codified in the Coastal Resource Commission's
development regulations at 15A NCAC 7H.
Attachment M Amendment to Pages 139-145
Adopted 5/2/06

(5) Mainland Business Corridor •
Just as the Town of Surf City serves as the magnificent gateway to Topsail Island, so does the
Mainland Business Corridor serve as the gateway to Surf City. The Mainland Business Corridor,
with its service stations, grocery, hardware store, restaurants, and gift shop, provides the
residents of an area wider than just Surf City the opportunity to shop close by for necessities and
pleasure items. The Surf City Mainland Business Corridor will continue to develop for the
planning period covered by this document. There is room here for new business.
The continuing purpose for the development of the Mainland Business Corridor will be to serve
the needs of the Surf City resident population, and visitors, and to provide purchasing and
service opportunities for residents of the larger area. The businesses located here currently serve,
and future businesses which will locate here will also serve, the unincorporated areas in the
vicinity of Surf City. Also to be considered as a part of the customer base would be visitors to
and residents of area municipalities including: Topsail Beach, North Topsail Beach, and Holly
Ridge.
The Town of Surf City would favor the location of a light "industry" in the Mainland Business
Corridor if this business provided jobs for area residents and if the business would not
negatively impact the environment or impede vehicular access to the island.
All of the Mainland Business Corridor will be served during the planning period by the full
complement of municipal services. The single most important development issue for the business
corridor is transportation. The free flow of traffic to and from the island is an important
development consideration for the Mainland Business Corridor. Turn lanes and acceleration •
lanes serving businesses will be necessary as the area continues to grow. As development occurs
within the area classified on the future land use map as mainland transition — residential new
roads will be built. The transportation network designed to serve this area must be designed in
such a way so as to allow easy access.
As a separate but transportation related issue the swing bridge will continue in operation for the
planning period. Improvements will be considered as it becomes necessary and repair or
maintenance work will be regular. This historic structure has weathered many storms and
continues to serve all who pass. The bridge is felt to be a sort of a portal, a cultural icon, through
which residents and visitors must pass to arrive at their beach destination. The bridge does
frustrate some residents and business owners. For most people though, the bridge is not so much
seen as an impediment to traffic, though it does impede the traffic flow, but rather more as a
landmark. To those persons eager to get to the beach the Town asks for patience for our friends
on the Intracoastal Waterway. To those whose business must take them off island we ask for the
same patience and we wish them a safe journey and a quick return.
Development within the Surf City business corridor will be according to existing local, state, and
federal regulations. The minimum lot size requirement for the Mainland Business Corridor is
10,000 square feet. As this area is classified as a Business Corridor and located on major
thoroughfares, the area is intended to be primarily accessed by vehicular traffic. The density for
commercial units shall be 4 units per acre maximum. This area may allow, in specified isolated
locations, Planned Unit Developments up to 16 residential units per acre. Other desired density
and development characteristics for the Mainland Business Corridor are listed in the "Density
and Development Characteristics Encouraged by the Future Land Use Area Designations" Table. •
Attachment M Amendment to Pages 139-145
Adopted 5/2/06

• Estimates on the future water and wastewater demand for the Mainland Business Corridor can be
found in the "Future Land Use and Classification Area Estimation of Growth and Infrastructure
Demand" Table.
Primary applicable Land Use Plan policies for this classification area include:
(2)(2)(B)(I)a,
(2)(2)(B)(3)a,
(2)(2)(B)(4)a,
(2)(2)(B)(5)a,
(2)(2)(B)(6)a,
(2)(2)(13)(13)d,
(2)(2)(B)(14)a-(2)(2)(B)(14)d,
(2)(2)(B)(15)a - (2)(2)(B)(15)b,
(2)(2)(B)(17)a - (2)(2)(B)(15)b,
(2)(2)(B)(22)a,
(2)(2)(B)(26)a - (2)(2)(B)(26)c,
(2)(2)(B)(27)a - (2)(2)(B)(27)b,
(2)(2)(11)(29)a,
(2)(2)(B)(33)a,
(2)(2)(B)(34)a.
Other applicable policies for this classification area include:
Infrastructure Carrying Capacity Policies (2)(2)(C) (1)a— (20)a,
• Natural Hazard Areas Policies (2)(2)(D) (1)a — (14)a,
Water Quality Policies (2)(2)(E) (1)a — (22)a,
Local Concerns Policies (2)(2)(F) (1)a — (33)a.
(6) Mainland Residential
Residential development has occurred and neighborhoods are firmly established in the mainland
area of Surf City. Mainland Residential areas are found within the incorporated municipal
boundary and within the extraterritorial (ETJ) area. For future development purposes these areas,
whether municipal or ETJ, will be required to follow the same development policies as expressed
in this document. These established neighborhoods (which may be considered as either
developed or partially developed subdivisions depending on their individual status) and the
undeveloped and un-subdivided areas within the immediate vicinity of these neighborhoods,
which have also been characterized on the Surf City Future Land Use Map as Mainland
Residential, will continue to develop through the 20 year planning horizon of this land use plan.
It is anticipated new residents will build and new residents will move into new homes within the
existing subdivisions. On the un-subdivided tracts which are also classified as Mainland
Residential there will be subdivisions created on lots not yet currently existing. This type of
development activity is both expected and welcomed. The existing mix of housing types of
single-family and duplex is desired as the dominant future use and development type.
Manufactured housing will also be allowed in designated areas.
Surf City does not provide urban services (water and sewer) to all areas classified as Mainland
• Residential. These services will be available within the 20 year planning horizon covered by this
Attachment M Amendment to Pages 139-145 8
Adopted 5/2/06

document. The major concerns for development in this land classification are stormwater runoff, •
preservation of green space, transportation and neighborhood inter -connectivity (vehicular,
pedestrian, and bicycle), and the continuing maintenance of a spirit of cooperation between
island residents and mainland residents for the betterment of all.
The Town will ensure that development on existing lots, including redevelopment, complies with
land use plan policies and requirements. For new residential development, each lot must be a
minimum of 5,000 - 10,000 square feet, depending on the existing zoning. The future lot size
preference is 10,000 square feet. The maximum units per acre for development in these areas
will be 4-8 units, with 4 units per acre on average the desired future ratio. Other desired density
and development characteristics for the Mainland Residential area are listed in the "Density and
Development Characteristics Encouraged by the Future Land Use Area Designations" Table.
Estimates on the future water and wastewater demand for the Mainland Residential can be found
in the "Future Land Use and Classification Area Estimation of Growth and Infrastructure
Demand" Table.
The Town will ensure full compliance with all policies and development requirements as
specified in this land use plan and in the appropriate ordinance.
Primary applicable Land Use Plan policies for this classification area include:
(2)(2)(B)(I)a,
(2)(2)(B)(3)a,
(2)(2)(B)(4)a,
(2)(2)(B)(5)a,
(2)(2)(B)(6)a, •
(2)(2)(B)(13)d,
(2)(2)(B)(14)a-(2)(2)(B)(14)d,
(2)(2)(B)(15)a - (2)(2)(B)(15)b,
(2)(2)(B)(17)a - (2)(2)(B)(15)b,
(2)(2)(B)(22)a,
(2)(2)(B)(26)a - (2)(2)(B)(26)c,
(2)(2)(B)(33)a.
Other applicable policies for this classification area include:
Infrastructure Carrying Capacity Policies (2)(2)(C) (1)a— (20)a,
Natural Hazard Areas Policies (2)(2)(D) (1)a — (14)a,
Water Quality Policies (2)(2)(E) (1)a— (22)a,
Local Concerns Policies (2)(2)(F) (1)a—(33)a.
•
Attachment M Amendment to Pages 139-145
Adopted 5/2/06

• (7) Mainland Transition — Residential
There are large undeveloped tracts of land within Surf City's planning jurisdiction on the
mainland. It is anticipated the future use for these areas will be primarily residential. It is also
anticipated these areas will be developed within the planning period covered by this document.
Primarily because of the number of new residents possible, how the area described as Mainland
Transition -Residential will develop will have significant implications for the future of Surf City.
These areas are described graphically on the Future Land Use Map created as a part of the land
use plan. The map is folded into the back of this document.
Lands classified Mainland Transition -Residential in Surf City are located in recently annexed
areas and within the ETJ (extraterritorial jurisdiction) and they constitute the vast majority of the
undeveloped land within the municipal planning jurisdiction. This land will be served within the
20 year planning period covered by this document with the full range of municipal services
(water, sewer, police, solid waste, etc.) available in Surf City. It is anticipated that portions (or
possibly all) of the area described as Mainland Transition -Residential will be annexed within the
planning period.
Single-family homes and duplexes are anticipated to occupy the land classified as Mainland
Transition -Residential, with some multi -family development in clustered areas. Lot sizes will
vary from 10,000 — 20,000 square feet for single-family homes and/or duplexes. The pockets of
multi -family development may allow lot sizes of 5,000 square feet or less, according to the local
requirements. Multi -family clustered development will be focused on the Highway 50 and 210
• corridors as a buffer to less dense residential set back from the highway. The Mainland
Transition -Residential area has a preferred density of 4 units per acre on average. Other desired
density and development characteristics for the Mainland Transition -Residential area are listed in
the "Density and Development Characteristics Encouraged by the Future Land Use Area
Designations" Table. Estimates on the future water and wastewater demand for the Mainland
Transition -Residential area can be found in the "Future Land Use and Classification Area
Estimation of Growth and Infrastructure Demand" Table.
New and existing development will be required to connect to urban services as they become
available. As the future land use classification category heading suggests, Mainland Transition -
Residential area lands are areas which are likely to be in a state of transition within the planning
period. In this situation these lands will go from undeveloped to developed. All development
activity in areas described as Mainland Transition -Residential must be consistent with local
policies described in this land use plan. All development activity will also be consistent with
local, state, and federal rules and regulations.
Primary applicable Land Use Plan policies for this classification area include:
(2)(2)(B)(I)a,
(2)(2)(B)(3)a,
(2)(2)(B)(4)a,
(2)(2)(B)(5)a,
(2)(2)(B)(6)a,
(2)(2)(B)(13)d,
(2)(2)(B)(14)a-(2)(2)(B)(14)d,
• (2)(2)(B)(15)a - (2)(2)(B)(15)b,
Attachment M Amendment to Pages 139-145 10
Adopted 5/2/06

(2)(2)(B)(17)a - (2)(2)(B)(15)b, •
(2)(2)(B)(22)a,
(2)(2)(B)(26)a - (2)(2)(B)(26)c,
(2)(2)(B)(33)a.
Other applicable policies for this classification area include:
Infrastructure Carrying Capacity Policies (2)(2)(C) (1)a— (20)a,
Natural Hazard Areas Policies (2)(2)(D) (1)a — (14)a,
Water Quality Policies (2)(2)(E) (1)a— (22)a,
Local Concerns Policies (2)(2)(F) (1)a — (33)a.
(8) Government Use
Lands classified as Government Use in Surf City are those areas which are, and will be, in
government and public use for the 20 year planning horizon described by this document. These
areas are primarily too small in size, in some cases, and too widely dispersed to be accurately
depicted on the Future Land Use Map. However, there is a large Government Use area on
Highway 210 that currently contains public works infrastructure and may be used for
recreational facilities as well. Areas reserved for Government Use in Surf City include the
following: public access areas, public parks, utility easements, roads and road right-of-ways,
public parking areas, public infrastructure, public infrastructure storage areas, well sites, water
tower sites, and other public facility type uses. Undeveloped land owned by the municipality
would also fall within this land use classification category. The intensity of development within
these areas will be determined according to the needs of the Town and based upon the Town's •
zoning ordinance. No private residential or commercial units will be developed in the
Government Use classification area. Land use requirements within the Government Use
classification are that any development proposals made for projects located therein will be
consistent with local, state and federal rules and regulations.
Primary applicable Land Use Plan policies for this classification area include:
(2)(2)(A)(1)a - (2)(2)(A)(20)c.
Other applicable policies for this classification area include:
Land Use Compatibility Policies (2)(2)(B)(1)a— (37)g
Infrastructure Carrying Capacity Policies (2)(2)(C) (1)a — (20)a,
Natural Hazard Areas Policies (2)(2)(D) (1)a — (14)a,
Water Quality Policies (2)(2)(E) (1)a — (22)a,
Local Concerns Policies (2)(2)(F) (1)a — (33)a.
•
Attachment M Amendment to Pages 139-145 11
Adopted 5/2/06

• (B) The Future Land Use Map
•
•
The Town of Surf City's Future Land Use Map is folded into the back of this land use plan. The
map is designed to graphically depict the Town's future growth and development. The Surf City
Future Land Use Map uses a land classification system to show future desired land use and
development patterns. The map has 8 categories of land classified. These are:
Island Business District/Town Center
Urban Waterfront
Island Residential
Conservation
Mainland Business Corridor
Mainland Residential
Mainland Transition — residential
Government Use
Attachment M Amendment to Pages 139-145 12
Adopted 5/2/06

ATTACHMENT N
Density and Development Characteristics Encouraged by the Future Land Use Area Designations
Future Land
Area Land Use .
Area Density Average . ,
Area Lot Size
Area Lot
Area
Use
Desired
Desired
Coverage
Building
Classification
Height
Area
Desired
Island Business
Mixed -Use - 901/o Comm.
12-15 commercial
2,500 — 5,000 sq. ft
No max. lot
35' to 45' on
Districtfrown
10% Res.
units/acre avg. preferred.
min. for commercial
coverage for
avg.
Center
17 commercial units/acre
commercial
Commercial:
max.
48' maximum
(Existing Zoning:
Smaller Scale (in height and
4,250 — 8,500 sq. ft
C-1 and MU)
sq. footage) but Dense
min. for residential
40%max. for
Retail, Entertainment,
residential
Office, Service, Lodging.
Residential:
8 res. units/acre on avg.
Multi -Family, Duplex and
preferred.
Single -Family
8-10 res. units/acre max.
Urban
Mixed -Use - 90% Comm.
2,500 sq. ft min. for
50% max. for
35' to 45' on
Waterfront:
101/oRes.
commercial
commercial
avg.
10-15 commercial
(Existing Zoning:
Commercial:
units/acre avg. preferred.
5,000 sq. ft min. for
48' maximum
C-band G-1)
Small Scale and Dense
17 commercial units/acre
SF
40%max. for
Retail, Entertainment,
max.
residential
60' w/CUP
Office, Service.
8 res. units/acre on avg.
Residential:
preferred.
Single -Family Only
8 res. units/acre max.
Island - -
Residential:
4,250—10,000 sq. ft
40%max.
35' to 45' on
Residential
Single -Family and Duplex.
6 units/acre on avg.
min.
avg.
Multi -family in PUD district
preferred.
5,000 sq ft. on avg.
(Existing Zoning:
only.
8 units/acre maximum.
48' maximum
R-S, R-10, PUD
Lot size variable for
10% Open
and MHS)
(Manufactured Housing May
16 units per acre max. for
PUD
space rqrd.
be Allowed in Certain Areas)
PUD districts.
For PUD
Mainland
Primarily Commercial w/
35' to 45' on
Business
isolated PUD.
avg.
Corridor
95%Commercial
55' maximum
(Existing Zoning:.
5% Residential
C-3 and PUD)
4 units/acre on avg.
10,000 sq. ft min.
50%max.
PUD 48'
Commercial:
preferred.
for Commercial
(does not
max.
Larger scale and less dense
4 units/acre maximum for
include
commercial.
Commercial
parking)
60' w/CUP
Lot size variable for
Residential:
16 units per acre max. for
PUD
10% Open
PUD
PUD.
space rqrd.
For PUD
Mainland
Single -Family and Duplex.
4 units/acre on avg.
5,000—10,000 sq. ft
40%max.
20'-35' on
Residential
preferred.
min.
avg.
48' maximum
(Existing Zoning:
(Manufactured Housing
4-8 units/acre maximum.
10,000 sq. ft
R-5M, R-10 and
Allowed in Certain Areas)
preferred
60' w/CUP
MHS
•
•
Attachment N Amendment to Land Use Plan 1 •
Adopted 5/2/06

•
•
•
Future Land
Area Land Use
Area Density Average
Area Lot Size
Area Lot
Area
Use
Desired
Desired
Coverage
Building
Classification -
Height
Area
Desired
Mainland
Primarily Residential with
4 units/acre on avg.
10,000—20,000 sq.
40%max.
35' on avg.
Transition-
pockets of Mixed Use.
preferred.
ft min. for
Residential
99%Residential
residential.
48' maximum
1%Commercial
10 units/acre maximum
(Existing Zoning:
for MF clustered areas.
10,000—15,000 sq.
60' w/CUP
RA, MU and R-
Residential:
ft preferred
10)
Single -Family and Duplex.
Multi -Family may be
allowed on Hwy 210 and 50
corridors as buffer to less
2,500-5,000 sq. ft
dense Res.
min for Commercial
in Mixed Use areas.
Commercial:
Neighborhood business and
service.
Government Use
Government Use:
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
(Existing Zoning:
Pub. Wrks/Parks/Recreation
G-1)
and Civic Centers
Prefered to be used as nature
2 units an acre is desired
5,000 sq. ft.
40%
0' on avg.
Conservation
Conserv. w/ isolated eco-
for any residential or
minimum is
(existing zoning
campgrounds. Given the area
mixed -use development
currently allowed,
48' maximum
R-5)
is currently zoned as R-5,
that may be permitted in
but projects
residential units and
the developable portions
proposing to
commercial units may be
of the future conservation
subdivide large
allowed but are discouraged.
designated area.
tracts or lots are
Such development may
encouraged to
occur given such
increase lot size to
developments meet all
10,000—20,000 sq.
federal, state and local
ft.
regulations or until such time
as the area is re -zoned to the
Conservation District as
codified in the Town's
Zoning Ordinance.
Attachment N Amendment to Land Use Plan
Adopted 5/2/06
2

ATTACHMENT O •
Future Land Use and Classification Area Estimation of Growth and Infrastructure
Demand
The estimate of possible infrastructure demand (column to far right) shows to estimates of
possible infrastructure demand, one is calculated by multiplying the estimated maximum total
future units by average water and wastewater consumption, and the other is calculated by
multiplying the estimated preferred or average total future units by the average water and
wastewater consumption rates. The average residential household in Surf City uses .42 MGD or
211 GPD Water'. The state standard residential average use rate for wastewater was used for
wastewater estimates (179 GPD Wastewater). The state standard average rate for commercial use
(100 GPD Water and 100 GPD Wastewater) was also used.
The purpose of this estimation is not necessarily to pinpoint the exact amount of infrastructure
capacity needed to handle maximum growth. The estimation is more useful when used as a tool
to identify which areas have the highest potential for growth and density, therefore the greatest
infrastructure demand, given existing zoning and development regulations and future growth
potential in each respective area.
The Town of Surf City is in the process of increasing its infrastructure carrying capacity by
increasing its well water supply and water treatment system to allow for a capacity of 3.5 Million
Gallons Per Day (MGD) by August/September 2007. The Town is also in the process of •
increasing its wastewater treatment capacity. The Town will have a 1.5 Million Gallon Per Day
(MGD) treatment capacity by August/September 2007, with an additional 1.5 Million Gallon Per
Day (MGD) treatment capacity added within the next 5 years for a total of 3.0 Million Gallon Per
Day wastewater treatment capacity. Based on the permanent population estimates and
projections showing the Town's population increase from the 2,000 to 8,000 range over the next
fifteen to twenty years, the increased infrastructure capacity currently planned and being
constructed should be considerably within the means of handling the increase in additional
population within this Land Use Plan's planning period. Furthermore, the Town's engineering
study for infrastructure capacity and demand, prepared by W.K. Dickson Engineers, estimated the
additional wastewater capacity the Town will construct should serve approx. 10,000 - 15,000
users which is considerably above the Town's projected population increase. Also, the
engineering report stated that with a 3.5 MGD water supply, the Town would be able to serve the
needs of around 7,900 connections/units (there are currently 2,150 connections).
PLEASE NOTE: The following chart uses a generalized and simplified formula to calculate the
number of future total units that may exist in any one area. The formula will typically result in an
overestimation of future total units possible because it does not factor in many variables
(wetlands, R.O.W.s, parking, etc.) that may decrease the actual number of acres available to
develop, and it assumes that the entire given area will be redeveloped to its highest allowable
density. The chart's furthest column to the right shows estimations at the maximum density
allowable as a "most intensive" scenario, and an estimate that is more conservative and is meant
to estimate a more average or preferred density development pattern.
Attachment O Amendment to Land Use Plan
Adopted 5/2/06
•

• • •
Future Land Use
Total Acres of
Maximum Units Per Acre
Estimate of Possible Maximum Growth in
Estimate of Possible Maximum Future
Classification Area
Developable Land
Allowed by Existing Zoning
Units (using current zoning maximum
Infrastructure Demand
within Classification
and Units Acre Preferred in
density allowable) and Estimate using
Area
Future Land Use
preferred Density of Growth in Units
Estimate of Possible Future Infrastructure
Description
Demand using Preferred Density
Island Business Districtfrown
+/- 60
10 units/acre Res. Max.
+/- 600 Res. Units Max.
126,600 GPD water (Res.)
Center
17 units/acre Com. Max
+/-1,020 Com. Units Max.
102,000 GPD water (Com.)
107,400 GPD wastewater (Res.)
(Existing Zoning: C-1 and MU)
102,000 GPD wastewater (Com.)
8 units/acre preferred
+/- 480 Res. Units pref.
101,280 GPD water (Res.)
15 units/acre preferred
+/--900 cons Units pref.
90,000 GPD water (Conn)
85,920 GPD wastewater (Res.)
90,000 GPD wastewater Com
Urban Waterfront
+/- 30
8 units/acre Res. Max.
+/- 240 Res. Units Max.
50,640 GPD water (Res.)
(excludes government
17 units/acre Com. Max
+/- 510 Com. Units Max.
51,000 GPD water (Com.)
(Existing Zoning: C-1 and G-1)
owned portion of the
42,960 GPD wastewater (Res.)
area)
Preferred density is same as
51,000 GPD wastewater (Com.)
maximum allowed
Island Residential
+/- 600
8 units/acre Res. Max.
+/- 4,800 Res. Units Max.
1,012,800 GPD water (Res.)
859,200 GPD wastewater (Res.)
(Existing Zoning: R-5, R-10, PUD
and MHS)
6 uniWacre Res. preferred
+/- 3,600 Res. Units pref.
7S9,600 GPD water (Res.)
644,000 GPD wastewater Res.
Mainland Business Corridor
+/- 300 (includes Hwy
4 units/acre Com. Max.
+/-1,200 Com. Units Max.
120,000 GPD water (Com.)
17 corridor and
13,504 GPD water (Res.)
(Existing Zoning: C-3 and PUD)
50/210 corridor)
16 units/acre Res. Max
+/- 64 Res. Units Max,
120,000 GPD wastewater (Com.)
(only in PUD district, which
11,456 GPD wastewater (Res.)
is 4 acres
Mainland Residential
+/- 300
4-8 units/acre Res. Max.
+/- 2,400 Res. Units Max.
506,400 GPD water (Res.)
(Depending on District)
429,600 GPD wastewater (Res.)
(Existing Zoning: R-SM, R-10 and
MHS)
4 units/acre Res. preferred
+/-1,200 Res. Units pref.
253,200 GPD water (Res.)
214,800 GPD wastewater Res.
Mainland Transition-
+/-1,065
24 units/acre Res. Max.
+/- 4,260 Res. Units Max.
972,800 GPD water (Res.)
Residential
PLUS
762,540 GPD wastewater (Res.)
10 units/acre Res. Max
+/- 350 Res. Units Max.
(Existing Zoning: RA, MU and R-
(in MFC district, desired to
10)
be a Hwy Buffer, est. 35 ac.)
898,860 GPD water (Res.)
4 uniWacre Res. prderred
+/- 4,260 Res. Units pref.
762,540 GPD wastewater Res.
Government Use
+/- 40
N/A
N/A
N/A
Conservation
+/- 2,800
N/A
N/A
N/A
TOTAL
Max. Density = 3,814,944 MGD Wate
Max Density = 2,394,356 MGD Wastewater'
Preferred Density = 2,338,084 MGD Water°
Preferred Density = 2,022,676 MGD Wastewaters
Attachment O Amendment to Land Use Plan
Adopted 5/2/06

I Based upon year 2004 total connections and average use data as determined in a 2005 engineering report by W.K.
Dickson Engineers. The report did not distinguish between residential and commercial connections, so an estimate of •
2,000 residential connections was used.
2 Amount represents the estimated demand for water if the Town were to be completely built -out and/or
redeveloped at its maximum density allowable by the existing zoning and development regulations.
3 Amount represents the estimated demand for wastewater if the Town were to be completely built -out and/or
redeveloped at its maximum density allowable by the existing zoning and development regulations.
4 Amount represents the estimated demand for water if the Town were to be completely built -out and/or
redeveloped at its average or preferred density level. Existing zoning and development regulations may need to be
adjusted to meet the preferred units per acre ratios.
5 Amount represents the estimated demand for wastewater if the Town were to be completely built -out and/or
redeveloped at its average or preferred density level. Existing zoning and development regulations may need to be
adjusted to meet the preferred units per acre ratios.
•
Attachment O Amendment to Land Use Plan 3 •
Adopted 5/2/06

•
0
ATTACHMENT P Surf City Projection of Residential Land Needs
2000-2005
2005-2010
2010-2015
2015-2020
Permanent Population Growth
209
2,435
1,605-2,605
1,282 — 2,282 additional persons
Projection
additional persons from
additional persons from
additional persons from 2009
from 2014 population
1999 population
2004 population
population
Estimated Residential Acres Per
Permanent Persons
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.35
Estimated Residential Acres
NeededZ
73 ac.
852 ac.
561 ac. — 911 ac.
448 ac. — 798ac.
Adjusted Residential Acres Needed
+50%
109 ac.
1,278 ac.
841 ac. —1,366 ac.
672 ac. —1,197 ac.
Seasonal Population Growth
N/A
1,700
2,000
1,700
Estimated Residential Acres Per
Seasonal Person
.03
.03
.03
.03
Estimated Seasonal Residential
Acres Needed
51
60
51
Adjusted Residential Acres Needed
+50%
76
90
76
SUBTOTAL
73 ac.
928 ac
621 ac.
499 ac.
Total Undeveloped Land Available
in City Limitsb
400 ac.
327 ac.
680 ac.7
N/A
N/A
1,007 ac.
TOTAL RESIDENTIAL ACRES
NEEDED$
327 ac (surplus)
79 ac. (surplus)
542 ac.9 (needed)
1,041 ac. (needed)
t Based upon total acreage of land currently being used as Residential in City Limits divided by total population. Fx: (1,602 persons/564 acres) _ .35
2 Based upon per person acreage average multiplied by number of additional population projected. Fx: (209 persons x .35 acres per person) = 73 ac. Needed
3 Adjusted acreage needed is a high estimate of residential land needed which is intended to provide a general figure which allows for factors such as large unanticipated growth and
market flexibility.
4 Based upon total acreage of land currently being used as Residential in City Limits divided by peak seasonal population. Fx: (14,837 persons/564 acres) _ .03
5 SUBTOTAL is the sum of "Estimated Residential Acres Needed" plus "Estimated Seasonal Residential Acres Needed"
6 Total Undeveloped Land Available is based on the amount of undeveloped land suitable for residential use existing in the city limits as of the Existing Land Use Analysis.
680 acres is the amount of land annexed in 2004/2005 that is largely undeveloped and to be used for a Residential use.
8 "Total Residential Acres Needed" is the amount of Undeveloped Land Available minus Residential Acres Needed.
9 542 acres is based upon a surplus of 79 ac. from 2005 —2010 minus the 621 Residential acres needed in 2010 —2015.
Attachment P Amendment to Land Use Plan
Adopted 5/2/06

ATTACHMENT Q
Comparison of Future Land Use Designations with Existing Zoning Districts
R-5 (Res.)
R-5M
R-10
R-15
MHS1
RA21
PUD,
C-1(Central
MU (Mixed
C-3 (Comm.
G-1
CON
(Res.) .
(Res.)
(Res.)
Business)
Use District)
Corridor)
(Government
(Conservation)
Use
Island
Business
DistrictlTown
Center
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Generally
Generally
N/A
N/A
N/A
Consistent
Consistent
(Existing
Zoning: C-1
and
Urban
Waterfront'
(Existing
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Generally
N/A
N/A
Conditionally
N/A
Zoning: C-1
Consistent
Consistent°
and G-1
Island
Residential
(Existing
Zoning: R-5,.
Gen.
Consistent
N/A
Conti
Consistent'
N/A
Cond.
Consistene
N/A
Cond.
Consistent'
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
R-10, PUD and
MHS
Mainland
Business .
Corridor
(Existing -
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Gen.
Consistent
N/A
N/A
Generally
Consistent
N/A
N/A
Zoning: C-3 ;
and PUD)
Mainland
Residential
(Existing
Zoning: R-5M,
N/A
Cond.
Consistent°
Gen.
Consistent
N/A
Cond.
Consistent'
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
R-10 and ,
MHS)
Mainland
Transition -
Residential
(Existing
N/A
N/A
Gen.
Consistent
Gen.
Consistent
N/A
Gen.
Consistent
N/A
N/A
Cond.
Consistent10
N/A
N/A
N/A
Zoning: RA,`
MU, R-l0 and
R-15
Government
Generally
(Existing'
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Consistent
N/A
Zoning: G-1
Conservation
Cond.
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Conditionally
Consistent'
(Existing
Consistent"
Zoning: R-5
Attachment Q
Amendment to Land Use Plan
Adopted 5/2/06
0 0 0

• • •
'Manufactured Home Subdivision
2 Rural Agricultural District
3 Planned Unit Development
4 Conditional consistency determination due to existing G-1 zoned land in Urban Waterfront. G-1 zoning does not allow desired development characteristics of
Urban Waterfront, however Urban Waterfront does call for public access and interconnectivity and public parks. Recommended Action: Not necessary to re -zone
existing G-1 land in Urban Waterfront designation.
'Conditional consistency determination due to existing R-10 zoned land in Island Residential. R-10 zoning does not allow more than 4 units/acre, the desired
development characteristics of Island Residential calls for 6 units/acre. Recommended Action: Not necessary to re -zone existing R-l0 land in Island Residential as
other more dense zoning exists in Island Residential which will allow for the desired average density of 6 units/acre.
6 Conditional consistency determination due to existing MHS zoned land in Island Residential. MHS zoning allows manufactured housing and 8 units/acre, the
desired development characteristics of Island Residential calls for 6 units/acre and primarily single-family and duplex. Recommended Action: May be necessary to
re -zone existing portions of MHS land in Island Residential as other areas on the Mainland allow manufactured housing at a similar density, or at a minimum limit
the re -zoning of any more land to MHS in the Island Residential designation in the future.
Conditional consistency determination due to existing PUD zoned land in Island Residential. PUD zoning allows multi -family housing at an average of 16
units/acre per development, the desired development characteristics of Island Residential calls for 6 units/acre and primarily single-family and duplex.
Recommended Action: May be necessary to re -zone existing portions of PUD land in Island Residential, or at a minimum limit the re -zoning of any more land to
PUD in the Island Residential designation in the future.
8 Conditional consistency determination due to existing R-5M zoned land in Mainland Residential. R-5M zoning allows manufactured housing at 8 units/acre, the
desired development characteristics of Mainland Residential calls for 4 units/acre and primarily single-family and duplex. Recommended Action: May be
necessary to re -zone existing portions of R-5M land in Mainland Residential, or at a minimum limit the re -zoning of any more land to R-5M in the Mainland
Residential designation in the future.
9 Conditional consistency determination due to existing MHS zoned land in Mainland Residential. MHS zoning allows manufactured housing and 8 units/acre, the
desired development characteristics of Mainland Residential calls for 4 units/acre and primarily single-family and duplex. Recommended Action: May be
necessary to limit the re -zoning of any more land to MHS in the Mainland Residential designation in the future.
to Conditional consistency determination due to existing MU zoned land in Mainland Transition -Residential. MU zoning allows multi -family housing at 10
units/acre and commercial uses, the desired development characteristics of Mainland Residential calls for 4 units/acre and primarily single-family and duplex.
However, multi -family and mixed -use is desired in the Mainland Transition -Residential but primarily limited in particular highway corridors and other relatively
higher trafficked areas. Recommended Action: May be necessary to limit the re -zoning of land to MU in the Mainland Transition -Residential designation in the
future so as not to encroach on or exceed the pre -dominant single-family and duplex developments at 4 units/acre.
11 Conditional consistency determination due to existing R-5 zoned land in Conservation designation. R-5 zoning allows housing at 8 units/acre, the desired
development characteristics of Conservation calls for 2-4 units/acre and primarily single-family. Recommended Action: May be necessary to re -zone the R-5 land
in the Conservation designation to the Conservation District specified in the existing zoning, or at a minimum re -zone the R-5 land in the Conservation designation
to a less dense zoning such as R-10, R-15 or RA.
12 Conditional consistency determination due to the lack of land zoned as a Conservation District. The Conservation designation would be best conserved and
utilized as a conservation area if it were re -zoned to a Conservation District as outlined in the existing zoning ordinance. Recommended Action: Re -zone all, or at a
minimum, the environmentally sensitive areas in the Conservation designation to the Conservation Zoning District.
Attachment Q Amendment to Land Use Plan
Adopted 5/2/06

ATTACHMENT R
Surf City Permanent Population Projections 2005-2020 Table
2000
2004
2005
2010
2015
2020
(State
Demographer
Certified
Permanent
1,393
1,562
1,602
4,037
5,642 —
6,924 — 7,924
Population
6,642'
Growth
[12% growth
Projection"
since 2000
' Based on annual 3% growth rate since 2000 (15% growth rate over 5-year period).
Based on 30% growth over 10-year period and additional recent municipal annexations which will contribute
1,113 new housing units at an estimated 2 persons per unit by 2010.
Fx: [(1,393 x .3) + 1,393] + [1,113 x 2] = 4,037
NOTE: (The growth rate for the county and municipality has been 45% since the previous decennial
Census, primarily based on high level of development of undeveloped land within municipal
limits. However, as the amount of undeveloped land has decreased and looking at the growth rate
of 15% between 2000 and 2005, a 30% growth rate projection was used for the 2000 to 2010 time
period)
3 Based on standard 15% growth (family size increase, infill and increases in permanent vs. seasonal residents in
existing limits) over 5-year period and additional annexations which could likely consist of 500 to 1,000 more
units.
Fx: [(4,037 x .15) + 4,037] + [500 x 2] = 5,642 or [(4,037 x .15) + 4,037] + [1,000 x 2] = 6,642
4 Based upon assuming a lower projection of only 5% growth (just increases in family size and permanent residents)
in existing limits over 5-year period, as land within existing limits is fully built -out and assuming municipality
does not increase density standards substantially from current levels if large amounts of redevelopment were to
occur. However, given amount of developable land surrounding the municipality and a trend of continued
annexation, an additional 500 to 1,000 units could be added during 2015 to 2020.
Fx: [(5,642 x .05) + 5,642] + [500 x 2] = 5,642 or [(6,642 x .05) + 6,642] + [1,000 x 2] = 7,924
•
•
Attachment R Amendment to Land Use Plan 1 •
Adopted 5/2/06

• Surf City Seasonal Population Projections 2005-2020 Table
2000
2005
2010
- 2015
2020
Seasonal
Estimate
Estimate
Estimate
Estimate
Estimate
Peak
14,837'
16,500
18,5942
20,699-
22,481-
Population
22,1993
23,9814
Projection
t Based upon permanent population as of 2000; plus one additional person per permanent household; plus full
occupancy of vacation cottages and motel/hotel units available according to the 2000 Census.
Fx: [1,393 + (701 permanent units x 1)] + [12,246 persons in rental cottage units] + [497 persons in available
motel/hotel rooms] = 14,837
2 Based upon permanent population projection for a 2010; plus one additional person per permanent housing unit;
plus full occupancy of vacation cottages and motel/hotel units available according to the 2000 Census.
Fx: [4,037 + (1,814 permanent units x 1)] + [12,246 persons in rental cottage units] + [497 persons in available
motel/hotel rooms]=18,594
3 Based upon permanent population projection for a 2015; plus one additional person per permanent housing unit;
plus full occupancy of vacation cottages and motel/hotel units available according to the 2000 Census.
Fx: [5,642 + (2,314 permanent units x 1)] + [12,246 persons in rental cottage units] + [497 persons in available
motel/hotel rooms] = 20,699; or [6,642 + (2,814 permanent units x 1)] + [12,246 persons in rental cottage units]
+ [497 persons in available motel/hotel rooms] = 22,199
4 Based upon permanent population projection for a 2020; plus one additional person per permanent housing unit;
• plus full occupancy of vacation cottages and motel/hotel units available according to the 2000 Census.
Fx: [6,924 + (2,814 permanent units x 1)] + [12,246 persons in rental cottage units] + [497 persons in available
motel/hotel rooms] = 22,481; or [7,924 + (3,314 permanent units x 1)] + [12,246 persons in rental cottage units]
+ [497 persons in available motel/hotel rooms] = 23,981.
• Attachment R Amendment to Land Use Plan
Adopted 5/2/06

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through a grant provided by the North Carolina
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which is administered by the office of Ocean
and Coastal Resources Management,
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Cape Fear Council of Governments
1480 Harbour Drive
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Estuarine Waters
The preparation of this map was financed in part
through a grant provided by the North Carolina
Coastal Management Program, through
funds provided by the Coastal Zone
Management Act of 1972, as amended,
which is administered by the office of Ocean
and Coastal Resources Management,
National Oceanic and Atmospheric
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Map prepared by:
Scott Logel
Cape Fear Council of Governments
1480 Harbour Drive
Wilmington, NC 28401 4/4/03

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Hydrography
Flood Zones
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The preparation of this map was financed in part
through a grant provided by the North Carolina
Coastal Management Program, through
funds provided by the Coastal Zone
Management Act of 1972, as amended,
which is administered by the office of Ocean
and Coastal Resources Management,
National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration.
Map prepared by:
Scott Logel
Cape Fear Council of Governments
1480 Harbour Drive
Wilmington, NC 28401 4/4/03

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© Natural Heritage Element Occurance
Hydrography
Street Centerlines
Municipal Limits
Extraterritorial Jurisdiction
Natural Heritage Area
The BLACK letters represent element occurance
biological type;
A = Vertebrate Animal
P = Vascular Plant
S= Special Animal Habitat
The RED letters represent element occurance
population status;
E = Endangered
T = Threatened
SC= Special Concern
C = Candidate
SR = Significantly Rare
The preparation of this map was financed in part
through a grant provided by the North Carolina
Coastal Management Program, through
funds provided by the Coastal Zone
Management Act of 1972, as amended,
which is administered by the office of Ocean
and Coastal Resources Management,
National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration.
Map prepared by:
Scott Logel
Cape Fear Council of Governments
1480 Harbour Drive
Wilmington, NC 28401 4/4/03

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Surf City
North Carolina
Water Quality Classification
Hydrography
Street Centerlines
Extraterritorial Jurisdiction
Municipal Limits
SA Waters
High Quality Waters and Outstanding Resource Waters
ORW Watershed
ORW/SA Watershed
SA Watershed
Note: Data is incomplete for Onslow County
The preparation of this map was financed inpart
through ogrant provided bvthe North Carolina
Coastal Management Program, through
funds provided Uythe Coastal Zone
Management Act of1S72.asamended,
vvh|nh is administered by the office OfOcean
and Coastal Resources Management,
National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration.
Map prepared by:
ScottLngo|
Cape Fear Council of Governments
1480Harbour Drive
Wilmington, NC28401 /1/4/03

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Fo� Water Wells
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Water Tank
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Water Pipes
Sewer Pipes
Future Sewer/Wastewater Pipes
Roads
Surf City ETJ
The preparation ufthis map was financed in
portthrnughagrant provided bvthe North
Carolina Coastal Management Program,
through funds provided bythe Coastal Zone
Management Act cf1973.osamended,
which is administered by the office of Ocean
and Coastal Resources Management,
National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration.
Map prepared by:
3oottLoOo|
Cape Fear Council ofGovernments
140OHarbour Drive
Wilmington, NC2D4O1
7/2/03
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Community Facilities
pNGD
= Municipal Limits
Fo� Water Wells
N� Water Treatment
Water Tank
A Sewer Lift Station
Water Pipes
Sewer Pipes
Future Sewer/Wastewater Pipes
Roads
Surf City ETJ
The preparation ufthis map was financed in
portthrnughagrant provided bvthe North
Carolina Coastal Management Program,
through funds provided bythe Coastal Zone
Management Act cf1973.osamended,
which is administered by the office of Ocean
and Coastal Resources Management,
National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration.
Map prepared by:
3oottLoOo|
Cape Fear Council ofGovernments
140OHarbour Drive
Wilmington, NC2D4O1
7/2/03
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The preparation ofthis map was financed inpart
through agrant provided bvthe North Carolina
Coastal Management Program, through
funds provided bythe Coastal Zone
Management Act of1972.aeamended,
which is administered by the office of Ocean
and Coastal Resources Management,
National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration.
v ,
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Map
Right DfWay
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Surf City ET]
Municipal Limits
Map prepared by:
Scott Logel
Cape Fear Council of Governments

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Environmental Composite Map
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Municipal Limits
Surf City ETJ
Street Centerlines
Environmental Composite Classes
Class I
- Class 11
- Class III
No Data
The preparation of this document was
financed in part through a grant provided
by the North Carolina Coastal Management
Program, through funds provided by the
Coastal Zone management Act of 1972,
as amended, which is administered by
the Office of Ocean and Coastal
Resource Management, National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
Map is to be used for general
informational purposes only.
The Cape Fear Council of
Government sassumes no legal
responsibiliy for misuse of this map
by any parties.
Map prepared by:
Scott Logel
Cape Fear Council of Governments
y 1480 Harbour Drive
w t Wilmington, NC 28401
s
5/4/03

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