CAMA Land Use Plan-1980

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Division of Coastal Management
COASTAL AREA
MANAGEMENT
ACT
LAND USE PLAN
TOWN OF LONG BEACH, NORTH CAROLINA
i

1
1980
LAND USE PLAN
FOR THE
TOWN OF LONG BEACH, NORTH CAROLINA
Prepared in accord with
State Guidelines for Local Planning in the Coastal Area
Inder the Coastal Area Managememt Act of 1974
MAYOR
Ben C. Thomas, Jr.
COMMISSIONERS
F. Thomas Cochran, Jr.
David P. Ford
Glenn Fugate
Nancy L. Milligan
H. Michael Oxford
Carl S. Ward, Jr.
The preparation of this report was financially assisted by grants
from the State of North Carolina, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration, and the Coastal Plains Regional Commission.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
COASTAL AREA MANAGEMENT ACT
LAND USE PLAN
TOWN OF LONG BEACH
1980

The Town of Long Beach is located on Oak Island, on the
Southern coast of Brunswick County. It is a family oriented
resort community and the economy relies on both the permanent
population and tourism. The town has 2814 structures, 62 are
commercial, 2752 are residential. Of the 2752 residential
structures, 653 are permanent residences and 2099 are seasonal
or rental units.
As a part of the 1980 Coastal Area Management Act Land
Use Plan Update, the Town Board of Commissioners, with the
assistance of the Planning Board, have recognized that certain
local issues are a part of the total development program of
eastern North Carolina. The following represent local policies
concerning the Town of Long Beach.
POLICY STATEMENTS
The Town of Long Beach proposes the following policies for
dealing with land use planning issues which will affect our
community for the next ten years. The policies are classified
into four areas: resource protection; resource production and
management; economic and community development and other specific
issues representative of our community.
I. The first area is Resource Protection. Long Beach's policy
is to support and enforce through its local CAMA officer all
policies and regulations in Areas of Environmental Concern
(AEC's). The AEC's to protect which are found in the Town of
Long Beach are as follows:
A. Estaurine System
1. Coastal Wetlands
2. Estaurine Waters
3. Public Trust Areas
4. Estaurine Shoreline
B. Ocean Hazard Areas
1. Ocean Erodible Areas
2. The High Hazard Area
3. Inlet Hazard Area
II. The second area covered is Resource Production and Management.
The Natural resources of this coastal community are a vital
part of our economy. It is the policy of the Town of Long
Beach to protect the resources found in our area. Because of
the large amount of tourism in our area, it seems that the most
important of proper management and protection are the maintenance
• of public beach accesses, net fishing and the enforcement
of the Town Ordinance on Off -Road Vehicles which protects our
beach strand and dune areas.
III. Area number three covers "Economic and Community Development".
The Town of Long Beach has adopted policy statements, which
are incorporated within the Land Use Plan, in the following
areas pertaining to economic and community development. It is
the towns intentions to follow the statements as closely as

possible.
A. Industry
B. Sewage
C. .Commercial
D. Multi -family
E. Provisions of Services to Development '
F. Cultural Resources
G. Soil Conservation
H. Types of Urban Growth Patterns Desired r
I. Committment to State and Federal Programs
J. Channel Maintenance and Beach Nourishment
K. Energy Facility Siting
L. Tourism and Beach Access
M. Redevelopment of Developable Areas
N. Policy of Evacuation in case of a hurricane or a.
nuclear disaster.
LAND CLASSIFICATION
The Coastal Area Management Act requires that all lands
within the jurisdiction of a local government be classified as
Developed, Transition, Community, Rural or Conservation. Be-
cause of the character and density of the Town's development,
only the developed, transition, and conservation classes have
application in Long Beach. A land classification map is attached
to the Town's Land Use Plan to show, the areas of.the town which
these classifications apply. These classes and the Land Classi-
fication map are intended to serve as a guide for future growth
and to implement the land use policies as stated in the plan.
They are not intended to restrict any of the uses permitted under
the Town Zoning Ordinance.
PUBLIC PARTICIPATION
In a effort to insure public participation, Long Beach prepared
a questionnaire which was color coded to reflect the opinions of
our three catagories of population. Please note that all question-
naires were identical.
First, a questionnaire was sent to all permanent residents.
These were.750 of the questionnaires sent and.265 (35%) were return-
ed. Second, 250 of the same questionnaires were sent to property
owners not residing in Long Beach who own housing units. Of these,
102 or 40% were returned. Third, 250 of the same questionnaires
were sent to property owners of vacant land not living in Long Beach.
Of these,.50 or 20% were returned.
The purpose was to see how the opinions of each catagory of
population differed. In most cases, opinions were the same or differ-
ed slightly. The surveys were then tabulated and the results reflect
the total responce.
Further steps were taken to insure public input by articles in
local weekly newspapers and six monthly meetings open to the public
by the Planning Board.
The following are areas in which we seeked public participation:

1. Major Problems Facing Long Beach
2. Major Advantages to Living in Long Beach
3. Public Facilities and Services
4. Future Development
5. Polluted Shellfish Areas
6. Beach Erosion
7. Beach Access
8. Emergency Preparedness
9. A Second Bridge on the West End of the Island
10. Net Fishing
11. Oak Island Merger
12. Erosion at Lockwoods Folly Inlet
For a more detailed study of the Town of Long Beach's 1980
Coastal Area Management Land Use Plan, please contact the Town
Clerk during normal business hours. Copies are available on a
loan basis.
u
The preparation of this report was financed in part through a
grant provided by North Carolina Coastal Management Program,
through funds provided by the Coastal Zone Management Act of
1972, as amended, which is administered by the Office of Coastal
Zone Management, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administtation.

COASTAL AREA MANAGEMENT ACT
LAND USE PLAN
TABLE OF CONTENTS
I INTRODUCTION
1-3
II DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
4
A. COMMUNITY PROFILE
5
1. Population
5
2. Economy
6
3. Housing
6
4. Municipal Funding
6
5. Police Protection
7
6. Fire Protection
7
7. Emergency Rescue Protection
8
8. Recreation
8
9. Public Works
9
10. Tourism
10
B. LAND USE SURVEY
1. Existing Land Use
10
a. Residential
10
b. Commercial
11
c. Public and Institutional
11
d. Transportation
11
2. Development Trends
12
a. Land Use Compatability Problems
12
b. Loss of Oceanfront Lots
12
c. Development of Trust Land
12
3. Problems Resulting From Unplanned Development
12
4. Areas of Environmental Concern
13
5. Existing Platted Lots
13
C. CURRENT PLANS AND REGULATIONS
14
1. Local Controls
14
a. Building Codes
14
b. Zoning
14
c. Subdivision
14
d. Flood Insurance
14
e. CAMA
14
f. Dune Ordinance
14
g. Transportation
15
h. Sewer
15
• i. Land Use
15

2. State Controls
15
a.
Dept. of Nat. Resources and
Community
Development (Div. of Env. Mgt.)
15
b.
Dept. of Nat. Resources and
Community
Development (Div. of Land Resources)
16
c.
Dept. of Nat. Resources and
Community
Development (Sec. of NRCD)
16
d.
Dept. of Administration
16
e.
Dept. of Human Resources
16
f.
Dept. of Cultural Resources
(Div. of
Archives and History)
17
3. Federal Controls 17
a. Dept. of Cultural Resources (Div. of
Archives and History) 17
b. Army Corp of Engineers 18
c. Coast Guard 18
d. Nuclear Regulatory Commission 18
III CONSTRAINTS TO DEVELOPMENT 19
A. LAND SUITABILITY 20
1. Soils 20
2. Fragile Areas 20
a. Wetlands 20-21
b. Estuarine Waters 22
c. Public Trust Areas 23
d. Ocean Hazard Areas 23-24
B. COMMUNITY CAPACITY 25
1. Existing and Proposed Facilities
25
a. Water System
25
b. Sewage Disposal
26
c. Solid Waste
26
d. Community Service Facilities
27
2. Population Projections
28
a. Population Projection Methodology
29
3. Estimated Demand
29
a. Population Increases
30
b. Local Policy Concerning Growth
30
c. Social and Economic Changes
30-31

IV POLICY DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION
A
0
PUBLIC PARTICIPATION
Major Problems Facing Long Beach
Major Advantages to Living in Long Beach
Public Facilities and Services
Future Development '
Polluted Shellfish Areas
Beach Erosion
Beach Access
Emergency'Preparedness
Second Bridge
Net Fishing
Oak Island Merger
Erosion at Lockwoods Folly Inlet
1. Continuing Public Participation
POLICY STATEMENTS
1. Resource Protection
a. Estuarine System
(1) Coastal Wetlands
(2) Estuarine Waters
(3) Public Trust Areas
(4) Estuarine Shoreline
b. Ocean Hazard Areas
2. Resource Production and Management
a. Productive Agricultural and Forest Lands
b. Net Fishing
C. Existing and Potential Mineral
Productive Areas
d. Off -Road Vehicles
e. Public Beach Access
3. Economic and Community Development
a. Industry
b. Sewage
c. Commercial
d. Multi -Family
e. Provision of Services to Development
(1) Public Water Supply
(2) Public Sewerage System
(3) Solid Wastes Disposal
(4) Rescue Squad and Fire Protection
(5) Public School System
32
33
33
33
33
33
34
34
34
34
34
35
35
35
35
35
35
36
36
36
37
37
38
38
38
38
39
39
39
39
39
39
40
40
40
40
40
40
40
41

(6) Transportation
41
(7) Tourism
41
f.
Cultural Resources
41
g.
Soil Conservation
42
h.
Types of Urban Growth Patterns Desired
42
i.
Commitment to State and Federal Programs
42
j.
Channel Maintenance and Beach
Nourishment
42
k.
Energy Facility Siting
42
1.
Tquri�m and Beach Access
42
m.
Redevelopment of Developable Areas
42
n.
Policy on Evacuation
42-43
V LAND CLASSIFICATION
44
A. GUIDELINES REQUIREMENTS AND PURPOSE OF SYSTEM
45
1. Developed
45
2. Transition
45
3. Conservation
46
B. LONG BEACH LAND CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM
46
1. Developed — Future Service
46
2. Developed — Limited Service
47
3. Transition
47
4. Conservation
- 47
C. PROPOSED LAND CLASSIFICATION MAP
47

NOISOnOOHlNI
I
'. I

In the past ten years the coastal area of North
Carolina has been growing at rapid pace. This growth
trend has been both residential and commercial. The
residential growth has been in the area of permanent
population as well as seasonal. The growth in this
area has produced for our community an increasing need
for services such as police protection, fire protection,
housing, utilities, streets, garbage collection,
recreation, etc.
To meet these demands placed on our community,
we have had to begin planning not only for the present
but for our future.
In 1974, the North Carolina General Assembly passed
the Coastal Area Management Act (CAMA) in an effort to
effectively manage the development of twenty coastal
counties. The Act notes that, "among North Carolina's
most valuable resources are its coastal lands and waters.
The coastal area, and in particular the estuaries, are
among the most biologicAlly productive regions of the
state and the nation. Coastal and estuarine waters and
marshlands provide almost 90 percent of the most pro-
ductive sport fisheries on the east coast of the United
States. North.Carolina's coastal area has an extremely
high recreational and esthetic value which should be
preserved and enhanced."
Under this act local governments are required to
prepare local land use plans for future growth and devel-
opment of their communities. Public participation in
this planning process is of the utmost importance since
the identification of existing problems and issues and
the needs of the future are the primary ingredients in the
formulation of these plans.
The plan will serve three areas of need; first,
local policy decision -making, particularly in the devel-
opment of regulations; second, on a regional basis, such
as the council of governments in their decisions on state
and federal grants; and third, at the state and federal
government level where permitting agencies need to be
aware of local policies to insure consistancy.
In particular, Long Beach has experienced a tremen-
dous growth rate. The 1980 Census reported a population
increase of 365%. In October 1980 the N. C. League of
Municipalities reported Long Beach to be the second fast-
est growing community under 5,000 population in the state.
In preparing the 1980 Land Use Plan, the planning
process consisted of updating the data contained in the
PA

plan by the local government staff and the Planning
Board; citizen surveys, newspaper articles, workshops,
public hearings, and planning services by a private
consulting firm.
The scope of the 1980 Long Beach Land Use Plan
includes a community profile, a land classification map,
a section concerning constraints to development, and a
policy development and implementation section. It should
be understood that data used in the preparation of the
plan is as accurate as possible and that the data will
be updated as it becomes available.
c

16
II
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS

A. COMMUNITY PROFILE
The Town of Long Beach is located on Oak Island, on the
Southern coast of Brunswick County. Oak Island is a narrow
strip of land between the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway (AIWW)
and the Atlantic Ocean, stretching virtually due east -west from
the Cape Fear River and the inlet is an 11 mile long navigation
channel with a minimum depth of 12 feet (ft) (Low water datum).
Historic Fort Caswell (the North Carolina Baptist Assembly
Grounds) occupies the eastern tip of the island, with Caswell
Beach and Yaupon Beach located immediately to the west. The
Town of Long Beach, from its border with Yaupon Beach, covers
the rest of the island, extending for 8 miles to the Lockwoods
Folly Inlet.
1. Population
Estimates of the current population of the Town of Long
Beach are available from several sources; however, the various
estimates differ considerably. The U. S. Census of Population
(1980) reported 1795; the Office of State Budget and Management
(N.C. Department of Administration) (1979) estimated 2288; and
a telephone survey (1980) conducted by the Town of Long Beach
estimated 2100.
Exhibit (1) shows population growth figure.
. The N. C. Department of Administration (DOA) makes yearly
estimates of municipal population for the purpose of determining
,appropriate allocations of state funds. Both DOA and the U. S.
Department of Commerce estimates are determined by use of
standard population projection methods based primarily on census
data and extrapolation of historical population growth trends.
See Exhibit (2).
In 1974 Long Beach experienced a tremendous growth in
population which was attributed to a large contingent of con-
struction works involved with Carolina Power and Light Company's
Southport nuclear generating facility. The construction phase
of this facility ended in 1976 and the majority of these workers
left the Long Beach area.
The area of concern in estimating population deals with our
seasonal population. The most recent figures, according to the
U. S. Army Corps of Engineers (1973), estimated the summer
weekday population was 9,000 and the average summer weekend -day
population was 12,000. Based on traffic counts, garbage collections,
realtor information and housing counts, the Town of Long Beach
estimated the average summer weekday population is 25,000 and the
average summer weekend -day population is 30,000.
5

EXHIBIT (1)
Year
1960
1970
1980
EXHIBIT (2)
Year
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
Population % Increase or (Decrease)
102
493 483%
1795 364%
Population Estimate
800
1237
1656
1905
2190
2288

2. Economy
Long Beach is a family -oriented resort community. The economy
relies on both the permanent population and tourism.
Occupation'of the permanent population center around home
building, real estate sales and rentals, property maintenance,
convenience stores (gas, food, sundries), restaurants, motels and
pier and marina operations. (Due to the fact that Long Beach has
a population less than 5,000, no retail sales figures by the month,
unemployment, motel occupancy, and housing value are available.
This is only done on a county -wide basis.) Since there are no
industries, a large percentage of the permanent working popula-
tion commutes daily outside the town to work at Carolina Power and
Light Nuclear Plant, Pfizer Inc., Standard Products and the
Military Ocean Terminal at Sunny Point. Of the permanent population
an increasing percentage are retired persons.
The local economy is bolstered by a six month tourist season
which can be further categorized into a spring and summer vacation
season and a fall fishing season. The tourist season generates
more than 50% of the income of the local establishments and
generates additional part-time job opportunities.
While tourism is an important part of the local economy, the
ever increasing permanent population contributes to a constant
year-round stable economy.
3. Housing
A survey of structures in Long Beach indicates a total of
2814 structures; 62 are commercial and 2752 are residential. Of
the 2752 residential structures; 653 are permanent residences,
and 2099 are seasonal or rental units. Four of the 62 commercial
structures are motels which have a total of 118 units.
4. Municipal Funding
The Long Beach Town Budget for fiscal year (FY) 1980-1981 is
based on a total estimated property valuation of $112,300,000.00
and a tax rate of $ .38 per $100.00 valuation. Revenue from ad
val orem taxes totals $435,480.36.
The total budget for FY 80-81 amounts to $1,386,716.00:
General Fund $820,066.00; Powell Fund.$120,500.00; Revenue Sharing
Fund $79,150.00; and Water Fund $367,000.00.
The cost of general government has increased over the past
several years due to inflation and government regulation. But
the tax rate has remained relatively stable due to the increased
growth rate of the tax base. The major expenditure in the past
two (2) years has been in the area of Capital outlay i.e. firetruck,
backhoe, ambulance, and community building.
6

5. Police Protection
Law enforcement in Long Beach is provided by a full-time
department. The department's annual funding is approximately
25% of the total General Fund ($209,766.00 FY 80-81).
The police department is staffed by nine (9) full-time
patrol officers and one (1) full-time detective, four (4)
full-time dispatchers and six (6) reserve police officers.
In July 1979, the Town of Long Beach instituted a Public
Safety Program. All officers are required to have law enforce-
ment certification, fire training, and EMT certification. The
Public Safety Officer Program (PSO) has facilitated in quicker
response time to fires and rescue calls and to manpower
requirements when volunteers are not available.
The department equipment includes five (5) patrol cars,
three (3) marked and two (2) unmarked; a PIN machine (Police
Information Network) and Dictaphone 4000 recorder. Another
major change was the acquisition of a separate police radio
frequency in 1979.
Crime rates in Long Beach are well below the national
average with Breaking and Entering (B & E) being the number
one problem.
6. .Fire Protection
Fire protection in Long Beach is provided by the Long
Beach Volunteer Fire Department. The department is funded by
an annual appropriation from the Long Beach General Fund
($12,750.00 FY 80-81), $6,000 appropriation from the Brunswick
County General Fund, and fund raising projects sponsored by
the volunteers.
The fire department's personnel consists of 35 volunteer
members. Nine of these members are Public Safety Officers (PSO).
The fire equipment includes a 1979 Ford Deisel with a 1000
GPM pump and a 500 gallon water tank, a 1971 Ford with a 1000,
GPM pump and a 1000 gallon water tank, a 200 GPM Brush Truck, and
a 4-wheel drive Jeep (lighting unit). All equipment is in
excellent condition and is maintained by a full-time town
mechanic.
The fire department serves the municipal jurisdiction by
means of two fire stations: both are located on Oak Island Drive,
one between 46th and 47th Streets SE and the other between 1st
and 2nd Streets SE. Members are alerted to fires by an emergency
phone, paging system, and a siren system..
E

In January 1980, the fire department underwent a reinspec-
tion of its present fire protection insurance rating 9A. In
April 1980, the fire department received a new rating of 7 which
in turn enables home owners to lower the cost of home insurance
premiums: The reason for the new rating was based on the new
water system and new fire equipment.
7. Emergency Rescue Protection
Emergency rescue protection in Long Beach is provided
by the Long Beach Volunteer Rescue Squad. The department is
funded by an annual appropriation from the Long Beach General
Fund ($12,750 FY 80-81) and.$6,000 appropriation from the
Brunswick County General Fund, and fund raising projects sponsored
by the volunteers.
The rescue squad personnel consists of forty (40) EMT qual-
ified volunteer members of which nine (9) are Public Safety
Officers (PSO).
The rescue squad equipment includes a 1979 Ford Ambulance,
a 1973 Dodge Van Ambulance, a 1969 Chevrolet Ambulance, a 1963
4-wheel drive Jeep, and a,1979 16 foot McKee Boat. All equipment
is in excellent condition and is maintained by a full-time town
mechanic.
The rescue squad now has on order a 1981 Ford Ambulance and a
"Jaws of Life" hydralic rescue tool to equip the 1969 Chevrolet
Ambulance.
The rescue squad operates from the two (2) fire stations
located within the municipal jurisdiction. Patients requiring
a doctor's care are transported to Dosher Memorial Hospital in
Southport, North Carolina.
8. Recreation
The Town of Long Beach established its recreation depart-
ment in 1974. As of the fiscal year 1980-81 the department
has a total budget of $274,250.00; $228,050.00 being capital
improvements in the form of 5,500 square foot community building.
The department staff consists of a full-time director and
assistant director, both of whom are on salary, and five full-
time seasonal lifeguards for twelve weeks. The Sencland program
usually places at least one summer worker with the department.
The department maintains numerous lands and facilities, the
newest of which is a community building. The facility, located
at 31st Street SE and Oak Island Drive, contains one large multi-
purpose room, two (2) smaller activity rooms, office and storage
space, weight room, photography laboratory, kitchen,.showers,
baths, and lockers. Also located at the site is a children's
playground, picnic area, and basketball, volleyball, and shuffle
board courts.
3

The department also maintains E.F. Middleton Park which is
located at 47th Street SE and Oak Island Drive adjacent to Town
Nall. This park includes a children's playground (located on
leased land), a combination picnic shelter and bar-b-que pit,
bathrooms and showers, lighted baseball field, two lighted tennis
courts, a basketball court, a concession stand, and a vacant lot
adjacent to the tennis courts.
Two public boat ramps are maintained by the recreation
department, one located at 54th Street West at the Blue Water
Point Marina and the other at the Harbour House Restaurant at
55th Street East and Yacht Drive. In addition to these water
related facilities the department maintains some forty catwalks
at selected street ends for public access to the strand. A
picnic area and parking lot at the extreme western end of the
strand is also maintained by the department.
Future plans for facilities within the recreation depart-
ment include a gymnasium at the community building site and
a scenic walk over Davis Creek at 19th Street SE.
The department offers a wide variety of on -going and
special event activities for all ages. Some of these activities
are co -sponsored with Brunswick Technical College and the Oak
Island Art Cuild. Examples of activities offered in the past
are as follows:
disco lessons
tennis lessons
sewing classes
skateboarding
yoga classes
field.days
free movies
yard of the month
ceramics
weight lifting
self defense for women
hand gun safety
surfing classes
pre-school story hour
The department provides lifeguards at three locations along
the strand from June through August for those who wish supervision.
The guards are on duty daily from 8:30 until 5:00.
In the spring of 1980 a five member advisory board was formed
to aid department personnel with programming ideas and conveying
public sentiment.
9. Public Works
Public Works is composed of the Sanitation, Street, Water
and Vehicle Maintenance Departments.
These departments are responsible for the various functions
of the maintenance and repair of the town's services to the
property owners and general public.
x
a

The street department is responsible for the
maintenance and repair of 31.83 miles of unpaved
streets as well as 49.93 miles of paved streets, in-
cluding in their responsibilities is the mowing and
drainage of 163.52 miles of Town right-of-ways.
Additional areas of responsibility include the in-
stallation and repair of the street and stop signs,
also the maintenance and repair of the water mains
as well as installation of new water services. These
are accomplished with seven (7) men and thirteen (13)
related vehicles and pieces of equipment.
The sanitation department has three (3) men and
two (2) trucks assigned to it. A more detailed des-
cription can be found under the solid waste section
of this report.
Vehicle maintenance employees, one full-time
mechanic who is responsible for the maintenance and
repair of 32 pieces of equipment including fire,
rescue, and police vehicles. Accurate records as
well as a preventative maintenance program for all
equipment, both for on and off road use is also
accomplished in this department.
Maintenance and repair of the town -owned build-
ings and property is also the responsibility of
Public Works.
10. Tourism
While tourism is the largest contributor to the
economy of Long Beach, it is also the source of many
of the growing pains felt by our community. The in-
flux of seasonal residents places demands on the ser-
vices provided by the community beyond that which is
considered the normal level. Examples are garbage
collection, police protection, water, capacity on
septic tanks, traffic control and effects on area
density.
In attempting to deal with this situation, con-
sideration must be given to the effects on our environ-
ment and plans must be prepared to accomodate these
changes.
B. LAND USE SURVEY
1. Existing Land Use
• Long Beach consists of 7.6 square miles of land area,
90% of which is developed. The developed area consists
of 12,663 platted lots. One percent of the unplatted
land has the capacity for development while the other
nine percent consists of land in areas of environmental concern.
a. Residential See Exhibit (3)
The bulk of land area in Long Beach is zoned for
residential use. The existing Zoning Ordinance
10

EXHIBIT (3)
RESIDENTIAL
Conventional
Mobile Homes
Multi -Family
VACANT
COMMERCIAL
INSTITUTIONAL
ROADS
BEACHES
WETLANDS & WATER
TOTALS
EXISTING LAND USE SURVEY
Lots
Acres
2208
380
1024
176
43
7
7983
1374
30
9.5
218
160
2355
12663 4900
n
% Total
10
5
0.02
36
1
0.03
7
5
36
I

31
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Page 2

defines four (4) residential districts within the corporate
boundries.
The uses permitted and requirements for each district
are outlined in Exhibit (4).
Approximately 30% of the platted residential lots
have been built on and 99% of that construction is single
family dwellings. The average lot size is 7500 square feet.
b. Commercial
Commercial property is very limited, approximately 5%
.of the total land area in Long Beach is zoned commercial.
The only other commercial property in Long Beach is called
Restricted Business and Office. .It consists of only three
(3) lots which are used by Southern Bell Telephone Company
for an equipment operators building.
c. Public and Institutional
Public and institutional land uses in Long Beach are
quite limited. These consist of Town Hall, Public Works area,
Police Department, Fire Departments (2), Middleton Park,
Long Beach Community Building, two (2) elevated water storage
tanks and the fifty-four (54) public accesses to the beach.
d. Transportation
There are three main roads running east -west through Long
Beach. Beach Drive provides access to the beach lots between
58th Street East and western end of the beach strand. Oak
Island Drive runs through the center of the island and the
principal commercial district, from the eastern town line to
Pinner Point; Oak Island Drive provides access to the island
lots and constitutes a thoroughfare the length of Town. Yacht
Drive forms a broad arc around Town as it runs along the AIWW,
providing access to the waterway lots and their related boat-
ing activities. The principal street in Long Beach with a
north -south orientation is Middleton Avenue, which, with a
bridge, connects the three main east -west roads. Middleton
Avenue provides the only land vehicle passage across the Big
Davis Canal and Marsh.
On September 17, 1980, the Long Beach Board of Commissioners
approved the Thoroughfare Plan. This plan was drawn up and agreed
upon by the Long Beach Planning Board and the Planning and
Research Branch, North Carolina Department of Transportation.
• In general, land uses now present in Long Beach have not
resulted in problems of compatibility; residential/recreation
land use is supported by commercial .and institutional facilities.
There are no agricultural, industrial or forestry activities
in conflict with the above uses nor are any foreseen in the
11

EXHIBIT
(0
DISTRICT
USE
LOT SIZE
SQ. FOOTAGE
FRONT YARD
SIDE YARD
REAR YARD
1
Single
Family
7,500
850
30ft.
8ft.
25ft.
*1
Duplex
2
Single
Family
8ft.
25ft.
Mobile
Home
61600
850
30ft.
*5 15ft.
*6 10ft.
*1
Duplex
3
Single
Family
7,500
*2 1200
30ft.
8ft.
25ft.
*1
Duplex
*3 1000
.*5 15ft.
850
4
Single
Family
7,500
*4 1000
30ft.
Sft.
*1
Duplex
850
*5 15ft.
25ft.
*1 Two family dwellings shall be permitted in Residential District 1 provided municipal water is furnished,
which shall not be granted by the Board of Adjustment, 13,200 square feet of land space, and each unit shall
have the minimum living space as required in subsection K hereunder. When municipal water and sewage is
available this paragraph can be reconsidered.
*2 1,200 square feet in the area bounded on the East at the center of Block 166, including the lots and
properties fronting on South East 33rd Street, extending West to the center of Block 188, including the lots
and properties fronting on South East 12th Street, bounded on the North by Oak Island Drive and on the South
by Big Davis Canal.
*3 1,000 square feet in the area bounded on the north by Oak Island Drive, on the south by Big Davis Canal;
on the East by the center of Block 188 including the lots and properties fronting on South East llth Street and
extending West to 6th Street East.
*4 1,000 square feet in the area bounded on the north by Oak Island Drive, on the_south by Big Davis
Canal; on the East by 2nd Street West and extending West to the end of Pinner's Point at the Intra-Coastal
Waterway,
*5 Reverse front corner lot
*6 Mobile Home only

future. Rather, land use problems beginning to surface in the
Town and likely to be augmented in the future involve more the
intensity of various uses, in particular a) the small amount
Of commercial and institutional land zoned to support resi-
dential/recreation activities and b) the undetermined carrying
capacity of the Town's land, water and fiscal resources to
accommodate increased land uses.
2. Development Trends
a. Land Use Compatability Problems
The adoption of a zoning ordinance in Long Beach has
been instrumental in avoiding land use compatability problems.
However, since the Zoning Ordinance was updated in 1975 there
are some non -conforming uses present throughout the community.
Most of these cases deal with trailers in the wrong residen-
tial zone and multi -family uses in single family zones.
b. Loss of Oceanfront Lots
Since the enactment of CAMA's set back regulation in
June 1979, Long Beach has approximately 75 to 100 lots which
are classified as unbuildable. In Long Beach there are two
set back rules; first is a 60 foot set back which runs from
Lockwood Folly Inlet east to 58th Street NE; and second, a
140 foot set back which runs from 58th Street NE, last to
the corporate boundries at 79th Street NE.
Erosion along the coast may increase the number of
unbuildable lots. At the present time the Coastal Resources
Commission has refused to give any variances to allow con-
struction. The Town of Long Beach has no plans to grant
varience either.
c. Development of Tract Land
There are within Long Beach 300 to 400 acres of land that
are not platted. These areas are being studied as possible
zones for commercial and multi -family development.
3. Problems Resulting From Unplanned Development
There exists only one problem of major concern and that
is the close proximity of many of the commercial establish-
ments -to Oak Island Drive which is the major artery of traffic
flowing into Long Beach. It has caused problems with traffic
congestion, insufficient parking and in some instances during
the tourist season it has resulted in hazardous traffic as well
as pedestrian situations.
This problem will become much more serious in the future
when the North Carolina Department of Transportation decides to
widen this road for the purpose of handling traffic volume.
12

4. Areas of Environmental Concern
In Long Beach there are four areas of environmental
concern; first is the oceanfront beach area; second is the
fresh water ponds which lie between 59th Street SE and 68th
Street SE; thirdly is the wetlands and canal area along
Davis Canal; and fourth is the wetlands and canal which
comprize the Intercoastal Waterway. The areas have been so
designated by either CAMA or the U. S. Army Corp of Engineers.
It is the intention of Long Beach Board of Commissioners
and Planning Board to see that these areas are protected and
that future development will not present any endangerment to
the preservation of these natural resources.
5. Existing Platted Lots
Long Beach consists of approximately 4,900 acres of
which 90% is platted. One percent of the unplatted land has
the capacity for development while the remaining nine percent
is in areas of environmental concern. All areas within Long
Beach are accessible by street and all public utilities are.
available. See Exhibit (5) for current land use.
13

CURRENT PLANS AND REGULATIONS
1. Local Controls
Building Codes
Presently Long Beach is enforcing three
areas of the State of North Carolina Building Code:
building, electrical and plumbing. Long Beach
has a full-time Building Inspector who is res-
ponsible for issuing permits, collection of fees
and inspection services to insure strict com-
pliance with all code requirements. The Town
also employs on a part-time basis an Electrical
Inspector who is responsible to and works
for the Building Inspector.
b. Zoning
Long Beach updated its Zoning Ordinance
on July 17, 1975, and has on a frequent basis
reviewed and upgraded this ordinance to keep pace
with the community' changing needs. Enforcement
of the Zoning Ordinance is the primary respon-
sibility of the Building In The Town also
has a Planning Board and a Board of Adjustment
to facilitate the handling of zoning issues.
C. Subdivision
The Subdivision Ordinance was enacted in
December of 1974. The process for subdivision with-
in Long Beach begins with the Planning Board and
final review is subject to the Town Board of
Commissioners. Enforcement of the Subdivision
Ordinance is the responsibility of the Building
Inspector and the Public Works Director.
d. Flood Insurance
A Flood Insurance Ordinance was adopted
in May of 1977. Enforcement is the responsibility
of the Building Inspector.
e. CAMA
An ordinance controlling development in areasof
environmental concern was established in Sep-
tember of 1977. Enforcement is the responsibility
of the local CAMA Officer.
f. Dune Ordinance
In October of 1979 Long Beach enacted a Dune
14

Ordinance for the protection of the barrier
dunes.- The ordinance also covers areas where
CAMA does not pertain. Enforcement is the
responsibility of the local CAMA Officer.
g. Transportation
The Town of Long Beach and the North
Carolina Department of Transportation adopted
in September of 1980 a Thoroughfare Plan for
the orderly development of the highway and r
street system in the Long Beach area.
h. Sewer
Long Beach is a party to the Southeastern
Brunswick County "201" Facilities Plan prepared
in September 1978. Brunswick County is the
lead agency for the plan. Presently, Phase I
has been completed but the Environmental Pro-
tection Agency has halted the process by requiring
an Environmental Impact Statement which will
take approximately two years.
i. 'Land Use
Long Beach is presently using its 1976 Land
Use Plan. The update for the 1980 plan will be
completed in September of 1981.
2. State Controls
a. Department of Natural Resources and Communit
Community Development (Office of Coastal
Management)
Permits to discharge to surface
waters or operate waste water
treatment plants or oil discharge
permits; NPDES Permits, (G.S. 143-
215)
Permits for septic tanks with a
capacity over 3000 gallons/day
(G.S. 143-215.3).
Permits for withdrawal of surface
or ground waters in capacity use
areas (G.S. 143-215.15).
Permits for air pollution abate-
ment facilities and sources
(G.S. 143-215.108).
15

Permits for construction of com-
plex sources; e.g. parking lots,
subdivisions, stadiums, etc.
(G.S. 143-215.109).
Permits for construction of a well
over 100,000 gallons/day (G.S. 87-88).
Permits to dredge and/or fill in
estuarine waters, tidelands, etc.
(G.S. 113-229).
Permits to undertake development
in Areas of Environmental Concern
(G.S. 113A-118).
b. Department of Natural Resources and Communit
Development (Division of land Resources
C. De
Permits to alter or construct a
dam (G.S. 143-215.66).
Permits to mine (G.S. 74-51).
Permits to drill an exploratory
oil or gas well (G.S. 113-381).
Permits to conduct geophysical
exploration (G.S. 113-391).
and Communi
ecretary of NRCD
Sedimentation erosion control
plans for any land disturbing
activity of over one contiguous
acre (G.S. 113A-54).
Permits to construct an oil refinery.
d. Department of Administration
Easements to fill where lands are
proposed to be raised above the
normal high water mark of navigable
waters by filling (G.S. 146,6(c)).
e. Department of Human Resources
Approval to operate a solid waste
disposal site or facility
(G.S. 130-166.16).
Approval for construction of any
public water supply facility that
furnishes water to 15 or more
year-round residences..
16

f. Department of Cultural Resources (Division
G.S. 121-12 (a) Protection of
Properties in the National Register
State Environmental Policy Act,
Article 1 of Chapter 113A of the
General Statutes
Executive Order IVI
Indian Antiquities, G.S. 70.1-4
Salvage of Abandoned Shipwreck
and other Underwater Archeological
Sites: G.S. 121-,22, 23; 143B-62(1)
g, (3)
Archeological Salvage in Highway
Construction, G.S. 136-42.1
Provisions for Cultural Resources
in Dredging and Filling Operations,
G.S. 113-229
3. Federal Controls
a. Department of Cultural Resources (Division
or ercnives ana nisrory)
National Historic Preservation
Act of 1966
The Archeological and Historic
Preservation Act of 1974, Public
Law 93-291
Executive Order 11593, Protection and
Enhancement of the Cultural En-
vironment, 16 U.S.C. 470 (Supp 1,
1971)
National Environmental Policy Act,
Public Law 91-190, 42 U.S.C. 4321
F. L. Sept. (1970)
Community Development Act of 1974,
Public Law 93-383: Environmental
Review Procedures for the Community
Development Block Grant Program
(40 CFR Part 58)
Procedures for the Protection of
Historic and Cultural Properties
(36 CFR Part 800)
17

Comprehensive Planning Assistance
Program (701) as Amended by Public
Law 93-393
The Department of Transportation
Act of 1966, Public Law 89-670
Identification and Administration
of Cultural Resources: Procedures
of Individual Federal Agencies
b. Army Corp of Engineers (Department of
Defense)
c.
Permits required under Sections 9
and 10 of the Rivers and Harbors of
1899; permits to construct in
navigable waters.
Permits required under Section 103
of the Marine Protection, Research
and Sanctuaries Act of 1972.
Permits required under Section 404
of the Federal Water Pollution
Control Act of 1972; permits to
undertake dredging and/or filling
activities.
Re Geological Survey Bureau of Land Manage-
nt (Department of Interior)
Permits for bridges, causeways, pipe-
lines over navigable waters; required
under the General Bridge Act of 1946
and the Rivers and Harbors Act of 1899.
Deep water port permits.
Permits required for off -shore
drilling.
Approvals of OCS pipeline corridor
rights -of -way
d. Nuclear Regulatory Commission
Licenses for siting, construction
and operation of nuclear power plants;
required under the Atomic Energy Act of
1954 and Title II of the Energy
Reorganization Act of 1974.
18

III
CONSTRAINTS TO DEVELOPMENT
19

This advance copy of the Outer Banks Soil Survey has not been correlated and is subject to future
refinement. Mapped areas of about 3 acres or larger are reliable for most land management uses.
SCALE: I INCH = 1000 FEET
The publication of the text material and soil maps of the Outer Banks was partially funded by the
Office of Coastal Zone Management, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration through the
Coastal Resources Commission, North Carolina Department of Natural and Economic Resources and by
the United States National Park Service, Department of Interior.

P
1t �.
to
r _

;c.

This advance copy of the outer Banks Soil Survey has nut teen correlated and is subject to future
refinement. Napped areas of about 3 acres or larger are reliable for most land management users.
SCALE: I INCH = 1000 FEET
The publication of the text material and soil maps of the Outer Banks was partially funded by the
Office of Coastal Zone Yanagement, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Adminlstratieo through the.
Coastal Resources Commission, North Carolina Department of Natural and 'Economic Resources and by
the United States National Park Service, Department of Interior.

This advance copy of the Outer Banks Soil Survey has not been correlated and is subject to future
refinement. Mapped areas of about 3 acres or larger are reliable for most land management use;;.
SCALE: I INCH = 1000 FEET
The publication of the text material and soil maps of the Outer Banks was partially funded b) the
Office of Coastal Zone Management, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration through the
Coastal Resources Commission, North Carolina Department of Natural and Economic Resources and by
the United States National Park Service, Department of Interior.

A. LAND SUITABILITY
The first part of this section deals with the suita-
bility for development of all lands in Long Beach. An analysis
of the soils and areas of environmental concern give an indi-
cation of certain restrictions for development within the areas.
The second part of this section deals with the carrying capac-
ity of existing and proposed community facilities. The third
section deals with population projections and the estimated
demand that these population figures will place on future
facilities.
1. Soils
Activities in Long Beach shall be restricted to those
which do not significantly affect the balance of natural resources.
Soil site maps are a useful planning tool and and were acquired
through the USDA Soil Conservation Field Office in Bolivia,
North Carolina.
It is the policy of Long Beach to use only updated and
detailed soil data for future land use planning decisions and
land use plan updates.
Below is a list of soil types found
type data and information can be found in
the Outer Banks. North Carolina Part I. T
enclosed maps)
2 - Leon fine sand
3 - Beach-Foredune Association
4 - Bohicket soils, low
6 - Carteret soils, low
7 - Corolla fine sand
10 - Dredge soils
12 - Duckston fine sand
17 - Madeland
21 - Newhan fine sand
22 - Newhan-Corolla complex
23 - Duneland-Newhan complex
25 - Wando fine sand
26 - Conaby soils
28 - Kureb fine sand
31 - Bohicket soils, high
in Long Beach. Soil
the Soil Survey of
ext Material, (See
2. Fragile Areas
• Long Beach recognizes that certain areas within its
corporate boundaries are environmentally fragile and should
be protected from development. In compliance with the Coastal
Area Management Act (1974) Areas of Environmental Concern
(AEC's) have been designated for the town. The following is a
list and discussion of each of these areas.
a. Wetlands
Within the Town of Long Beach there are numerous
creeks, channels and ponds which, with their adjacent
20

marshlands, comprise valuable brackish and saltwater wet-
land areas. By virtue of the AIWW and Lockwoods Folly
Inlet, the flow of all the creeks and channels in Long
Beach is interconnected to a certain degree. For the
purpose of description, however, the wetland areas can
be divided into four sections, three saline systems and
one brackish.
In southeastern Long Beach, a brackish pond and
marsh system occurs immediately behind the frontal dunes,
from 58th Street East across the Yaupon Beach town line.
The ponds are drained by a small canal which flows west-
ward into the Big Davis Canal. The overall wetness of
the pond area, its susceptibility to overwash from the
ocean, and the high erosion rates of the beaches in this
area have probably contributed to the fact that much of
it is still undeveloped. The pond area is important to
the Town both for the prime waterfowl habitat it provides
and for its potential value as a natural scenic recreation
resource.
The three remaining wetland areas of Long Beach are
saline marshes and tidal flats characterized by the very
poorly-drained•Capers soil and dominate vegetation of
marsh grasses.
For the purpose of better defining their significance,
tidal marshes can be divided into two categories; low tidal
and high tidal marshes. Low tidal marshland is defined as
that consisting primarily of Spartina alterniflora and
usually subject to inundation by the normal rise and fall
of lunar tides (N. C. Coastal Resources Commission 1975).
The particular significance of the low marsh is based on
its high yield to the estuarine waters of organic detritus,
which serves as a primary food source for various species
of finfish and shellfish, such as menhaden, shrimp, flounder,
oysters, and crabs. The roots and rhizomes of Spartina
alterniflora serve as waterfowl food, and the stems as wild-
life nesting material. Low tidal marshes also help to re-
tard shoreline erosion (N. C. Coastal Resources Commission
1975).
High tidal marshland is subject to occasional flooding
by tides, including wind tides, and is characterized by a
variety of marsh grasses, including Juncus roemerianus and
various species of Spartina. The high marshes also contri-
bute to the detritus supply of the estuarine system and
support a diversity of wildlife types; they fµnction as
effective sediment traps and as a further deterrent to
shoreline erosion.
21

The Elizabeth River -Dutchman Creek -Dennis Creek
Estuarine Complex extends from the extreme northeastern end
of Long Beach to the South and West of Southport. This
complex is characterized by oyster flats, worm and clam
flats, and highly productive low salt marsh which contributes
significantly to the food base of many types of estuarine
communities (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 1973).
Beginning at 40th Street East and extending westward to
Montgomery Slough, the Big Davis Canal estuary separates the
wooded residential areas of Long Beach from the ocean front
lots. The Big Davis system is characterized by both low and
high marsh species including small shrubs along its southern
boundary.
The Big Davis Canal estuary grades into the Montgomery
Slough -Eastern Channel-Lockwoods Folly Inlet estuary complex
in the vicinity of Pinner Point. Eastern Channel is shallow
and deposited mud and sand form a plug restricting water
movement into and out of the channel area; as a result, the
sands and muds are often exposed at low tide (U. S. Army
Corps of Engineers 1973). Montgomery Slough is deeper, with
a network of shallow tidal creeks and wide areas of what the
study calls "cordgrass marsh." The slough area is classified
as a primary nursery area by the State of North Carolina
Division of Marine Fisheries, signifying that the areas is
never opened to commercial fishing because of potential danger
to estuarine resources (U. S. Army Corps of Engineers 1973).
The Lockwoods Folly Inlet area is characterized by broad
expanses of mud flats, exposed at low tides and covered by
intertidal oysters and broad expanses of regularly flooded
low salt marsh.
Portions of the Lockwoods Folly Inlet, Montgomery Slough,
and the Big Davis Canal estuaries are controlled by the State
of North Carolina as Oyster Management Areas. The state
regularly places shell in this area to furnish suitable
"attachment material" for oysters (U. S. Army Corps of
Engineers 1973).
b. Estuarine Waters and Shorelines
The estuarine waters that surround the coastal wetlands
in Long Beach are some of the most productive natural
environments in the area and support many finfish and shell
fish species for all or part of their life cycles. According
to the statuatory definition, estuarine waters in North
Carolina include all of the waters of the Atlantic Ocean
within its boundaries, and all of the waters of the bays,
sounds, rivers, and tributaries thereto seaward of the
dividing line between Commercial Fishing Waters and Inland
Fishing Waters; the dividing line between these waters had
been established for each body of water by agreement between
the N. C. Department of Conservation and Development (now
DNER) and the N. C. Wildlife Resources Commission (G. S.
113-229(n) 92)). All of the surface waters in Long Beach
are within Commercial Fishing Waters and, as such, are
designated estuarine waters of North Carolina.
22

Estuarine Shorelines, although characterized as dry
land, are considered a component of the estuarine system
because of the close association with adjacent estuarine
waters. Estuarine Shorelines are those non -ocean shorelines
which are especially vulnerable to erosion, flooding, or
other adverse effects of wind and water and are intimately
connected to the estuary. This area extends from the mean
high water level or normal water level along the estuaries,
sounds, bays, and brackish waters as set forth in an agree-
ment adopted by the Wildlife Resources Commission and the
Department of Natural Resources and Community Development
for a distance of 75 feet landward.
c. Public Trust Areas
The State of North Carolina supports the traditional
public rights of access to and use of lands and waters
designated Public Trust Areas for purposes, such as navi-
gation, fishing, and recreation. Public Trust Areas in-
clude estuarine waters, navigable water, bodies to their
"ordinary" high water marks, and all lands beneath these
waters. The state allows appropriate private development
within Public Trust Areas, provided the development is not
detrimental to public trust rights.
d. Ocean Hazard Areas
The next broad grouping is composed of those AEC's that
are considered natural hazard areas along the Atlantic Ocean
shoreline where, because of their special vulnerability to
erosion or other adverse effects of sand, wind, and water,
uncontrolled or incompatible development could unreasonably
endanger life or property. Ocean hazard areas include beaches,
frontal dunes, inlet lands, and other areas in which geologic,
vegetative and soil conditions indicate a substantial possibility
or excessive erosion or flood damage. The ocean hazard system
of AECs contain all of the following areas:
(1) Ocean Erodible Area. This is the area in which
there exists a substantial possibility of ex-
cessive erosion and significant shoreline
fluctuation. The seaward boundary of this area
is the mean low water line. The landward exeent
of this area is determined as follows:
a. A distance landward from the first line
of stable natural vegetation to the re-
cession line that would be established
by multiplying the long-term annual erosion
rate, as most recently determined by the
Coastal Resources Commission, times 30,
provided that where there has been no long-
term erosion or the rate is less than two
23

feet per year, this distance shall be
set at 60 feet landward from the first
line of stable natural vegetation; and
b. A distance landward from the recession
line established in Subparagraph (a) of
this Paragraph to the recession line that
% would be generated by a storm having a
one percent chance of being equalled or
exceeded in any given year.
(2) The High Hazard Flood Area. This is the area subject
to high velocity waters (including, but not limited
to, hurrican wave wash) in a storm having a one per-
cent chance of being equalled or exceeded in any
given year, as identified as zone V1-30 on the flood
insurance rate maps of the Federal Insurance Ad-
ministration, U. S. Department of Housing and Urban
Development. In the absence of these rate maps,
other available base flood elevation data prepared
by a federal, state, or other source may be used,
provided said data source is approved by the CRC.
(3) Inlet Hazard Area. The inlet hazard areas are those
lands identified by the State Geologist to have a
substantial possibility of excessive erosion that
are located adjacent to inlets. This area shall
extend landward from the mean low water line a dis-
tance sufficient to encompass that area within which
the inlet will, based on statistical analysis,
migrate, and shall consider such factors as previous
inlet territory, structurally weak areas near the
inlet (such as an unusually narrow barrier island,
an unusually long channel feeding the inlet, or an
overwash area), and external influences such as
jetties and channelization. These areas are iden-
tified as recommended inlet hazard areas in the
report to the CRC entitled "Inlet Hazard Area" by
Loie J. Priddy and Rick Carraway (September 1978).
In all cases, this area shall be an extension of the
adjacent ocean erodible area and in no case shall
the width of the inlet hazard area be less than the width
of the adjacent ocean erodible area.
The following development standards applicable to all
AEC's have been established:
(1) No development should be allowed in any AEC which would
result in a contravention or violation of any rules,
regulations, or laws of the State of North Carolina or
of local government in which the development takes place.
24

(2) No development should be allowed in any AEC which
would have a substantial likelihood of causing pollution
the waters of the State to the extent that such waters
would be closed to the taking of shellfish under stan-
ards set by the Commission for Health Services pursuant
to G.S. 130-169.01.
B. COMMUNITY CAPACITY
1. Existing and Proposed Facilities
Like other communities, the future growth of Long Beach
is dependent upon the local government in cooperation with
county, state and federal agencies to provide either the
funding or the actual services to meet the needs of its comm-
unity. Since public facilities or services such as water,
sewer, solid waste disposal, hospitals, schools are an important
part in future development, an assessment of existing facilities
and future demands needs to be prepared.
a. Water System
The Town of Long Beach purchases all of its water
from Brunswick County which presently has the ability to
supply its customers with 4.5 MGD (million gallons of water
per day). The Brunswick County Plant is in the process of
making alterations which will increase its output to 6 MGD
of treated water. These alterations should be completed in
approximately one year.
Long Beach customers presently use on a 12 month
average .30 MGD with a peak demand (usually in August) of
.70 MGD and a minimum demand (usually in December) of .19
MGD.
The water system is composed of some 95 miles of
distribution lines which very in size from 14" to 2", and
two elevated storage tanks with a capacity of 300,000
gallons each. The distribution lines afford each property
owner with the availability of water as well as fire
protection.
Presently there are 2814 metered connections. Six
hundred and fifty-three are permanent residences, 62 are
commercial establishments, and the remaining 2,099 are
seasonal residences.
The town's ordinances presently require each existing
structure and any future construction to be connected to
the town's public water supply. This will practically -
eliminate the possibility of contamination from ground
water supplies at each structure.
25

b. Sewage Disposal
Long Beach is currently using septic tanks as its only
method for sewage disposal. Generally current population
densities are low. However, the higher density areas of
Long Beach could be defined as between NE 79th and NE 64th
Streets, more commonly known as the "Trailer Section" and
along each side of East Beach Drive and West Beach Drive
this area is more commonly known as "lst and 2nd Row" on
the beach front.
There is no conclusive proof that the sewage effluent in
these higher density areas is causing pollution problems in
either the adjacent class SA estuarine or in areas where
high water tables exist.
However, pollution of some estuaries, water tables,
and shallow aquifers would likely result if population
density were to continue to increase at the same rapid rate
as it has over the past five (5) years.
From January 1975 to January 1980, Long Beach has
experienced a growth rate of 18.4% in residential and
commercial construction.
In the past five (5) years the North Carolina Depart-
ment of Human Resources Division of Health Services has
increased the amount of square footage required for the
septic tanks nitrification field by 25% this requires an
additional 35% of land area to install. However, this does
not effect population density other than the size of
structure which can be built on the standard 55' x 120' lot
which represents the majority of the lot sizes on Long Beach.
Long Beach is preparing for this growth by par-
ticipating in the "Southeastern Brunswick County 201
Facilities Plan" as prepared for Brunswick County by Consoer,
Townsend and Associates in September 1978. Though Southport
has withdrawn from the plan because of its immediate needs
for the expansion of its treatment facilities, Long Beach
is still very much active in the plan and is keeping in-
formed on the status of the "Barrier Island Bill" which is
now in Congress and if passed would have a serious impact on
Long Beach's progressive attitude and growth potential.
c. Solid Waste
Solid waste is collected by the town using two (2)
rear load compactor -type trucks. One of which is used as
the primary truck for collection and the other is used as
a back-up truck and to handle the extra load during the
tourist season. One three (3) man crew collects the solid
waste during the off season with an additional three (3)
man crew being hired part-time during the peak of the
tourist season.
RM

In July of 1980 Long Beach began implementing the use
of an 80 gallon roll -out containers system. This system
greatly reduces the expense in the sanitation department in
that it reduces salaries and fringe benefits by $29,510.00
per year at todays cost as well as fuel and general
maintenance cost of approximately $7,079.04.
As of January of 1981, collection of solid waste has
been made from the roll -out containers which the property
owner is required to purchase through the town.
Collections are made once a week on a regularly
scheduled basis. In addition bulk items such as stoves,
refrigerators, mattresses, etc. are collected every
Thursday when requested by the property owner.
Sanitation department records for 1979 show that on a
weekly average 27.45% of the structures in Long Beach are
occupied on any given week. The lowest occupancy rate is
in December with 13.82% and the highest is in July with
42.97%. Additional records indicate that the average monthly
load for 1979 was 709.42 cubic yards with the lowest being
in December with 438 cubic yards and the highest being in
August with 1,085 cubic yards.
Long Beach uses a landfill which is approximately eight
miles north of the town limits. This trip requires about
45 minutes round trip including dump time. The projected
life of this landfill is three more years. If in the case,
the state closes it before that time lapses, the town
would carry its solid waste to the Holden Beach landfill
in the Cedar Grove Community until the County could provide
a transfer system in the area.
d. Community Service Facilities
The provision of community service facilities in
Long Beach is complicated by two factors. First, Oak
Island is geographically isolated from the rest of
Brunswick County, being connected to the mainland only
by the Oak Island Bridge. Second, Brunswick County is
the second largest county in land area in North Carolina
and is basically rural.
All County services such as Social Services, Health,
Veterans Administration, Agriculture Agency and Court
system are located at the County Government Complex in
Bolivia; which is 40 miles round trip from Long Beach.
The Brunswick County School System has undertaken
a $12 million capital projects program to improve the
quantity and geographic location of schools.
27

In 1979, the North Carolina Department of Public
Instruction completed a study to determine the adequacy
of existing school facilities. The results are as
follows:
Name Arch/Engineering Educational
South Brunswick High Long Range Use Long Range Use
Southport Primary Long Range Use Long Range Use
Southport Middle Due to size and limitations of
the site and the conditions of
facilities on this site, serious
consideration should be given
to relocating the school.
Although there are no schools in Long Beach, area
schools are presently adequate and have long range use
capacity. South Brunswick Middle School has recently
replaced Southport Middle and this new facility also
has long range use.
The Town of Long Beach and the North Carolina
Department of Transportation adopted in September of
1980 a Thoroughfare Plan for the orderly development of
highway and street system in the Long Beach area. This
plan is adequate for long range use.
The Water System for the Town of Long Beach was
installed in 1977. Each platted lot in the town has
the availability of water. If in the future, there are
new subdivisions, the developer will furnish the water
as specified by the Town of Long Beach Sub -Division
Regulations.
Dosher Memorial Hospital, in Southport, is the only
medical facility within the immediate area. Dosher
Hospital completed a $3.2 million expansion program in
July 1980, and is now a 40-bed facility.
2. Population Projections
Population projections are strictly estimates based on
the assumption that the general conditions at the time of
projection will remain stable. The projections are the basis
for most planning decisions involving future needs for services
and facilities. It is important to note that Long Beach has
both a permanent and seasonal population. The combination of
the two as well as the estimates of the individual groups are
important in the planning process.
28

The following are population projections based on studies
prepared for the Southeastern Brunswick County 201 Facilities
Plan by Consoer, Townsend and Associates. It should be noted
that 1980 Census figures for Long Beach have exceeded the
projections.
POPULATION PROJECTIONS
Year
Brunswick Co.
Long Beach
Percent of
1980
41,000
1,771
.044
1990
53,800
2,324
.044
2000
66,800
2,886
.044
POPULATION PROJECTIONS
Seasonal Population)
Year Peak -Week - Per Day
1980 11,210
1990 12,331
2000 13,564
POPULATION PROJECTIONS
(Totals)
Year Total
1980 12,381
1990 14,655
2000 16,450
The above projections were used due to the fact that
the latest DOA population projection was given in 1979. The
DOA estimate for July 1, 1979, was 2288. The 1980 census
for the Town of Long Beach was 1795. The Southeastern
Brunswick County 201 Facilities Plan population projection
is more accurate.
a. Population Projection Methodology
Population estimates in this report were obtained
from the North Carolina Department of Natural and Economic
Resources, Environmental Management Section. They were
derived from the latest series "E" projections of the
Bureau of Economic Analysis.
3. Estimated Demand
There are three factors which might have an effect on
future land use or the need for services and facilities: (1)
increases in seasonal and permanent population; (2) local
1
W

policies concerning growth and the type of growth; (3)
social and economic changes.
a. Population Increases '
As previously indicated, Long Beach is growing in
both its permanent as well as its seasonal population.
This growth will place a demand on the community water
system in two areas. First, there will be the need for
t larger quantities of water on a daily basis. This need
will have to be met with the cooperation of Brunswick
County through the $37 million water bond referendum
which will expand not only production capacity, but also
the availability of a distribution system for new raw
water supply. Second, the town may in the future have
to build a third elevated water tank for increased
storage capacity.
Increased population also means new housing which
means more septic tanks. As the number of septic tanks
increases, so will the possibility of pollution to our
estuarine waters. The only solution to this problem
will be a sewage disposal system.
Another problem with growth will be solid waste
disposal. At the present time, Brunswick County operates
a sanitary landfill on Highway 211, approximately eight
miles from Long Beach.
b. Local Policy Concerning Growth
At the present time Long Beach's policy toward growth
is one which favors the single family housing unit. There
is adequate land for this purpose. But to support this
aim, there is also a need for commercial establishments to
support the public need for goods and services. There is
a limited amount of commercially zoned property in a central
location to meet the development of such establishments as a
shopping center. Therefore, the community is planning the
rezoning of certain land areas to meet this need. Local
growth policies will certainly influence the decision for
a sewage disposal system. Policy changes concerning growth
have made it necessary to.expand recreational facilities.
The expansion of the present facility will be in the form
of a gymnasium and additional playground facilities.
c. Social and Economic Changes
With the present high interest rates and the probability
of higher rates in the future, the cost of single family
units may soon out -price many families and investors from
the market. There seems to be a move toward multi -family
units. Presently Long Beach requires this type of.construc-
tion in commercial zones. As already noted such land is
virtually unavailable. This concern has prompted planning
which may soon see land uses change in certain areas of the
community.
30

All three of these factors will place additional de—
mands on community facilities such as schools, hospitals,
etc. But since these facilities are not located within
Long Beach, it will be up to the local government to voice
its concerns to the appropriate agencies.
So far as a population increase is concerned, the Town
of Long Beach has a more than adequate amount of platted
land available for the next 10 years.
31

I
IWA
POLICY DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION
32

A. PUBLIC PARTICIPATION
In an effort to insure public participation, Long Beach
prepared a questionnaire which was color coded to reflect the
opinions of our three catagories of population. Please note
that all questionnaires were identical.
1
First, a questionnaire was sent to all permanent residents.
There were 750 of these questionnaires sent and 265 (35%) were
ti returned. Second, 250 of the same questionnaires were sent to
property owners not residing in Long Beach who own housing
units. Of these 102 or 40% were returned. Third, 250 of the
same questionnaires were sent to property owners of vacant land
not living in Long Beach. Of these 50 or 20% were returned.
The purpose was to see how the opinions of each catagory
of population differed. In most cases, opinions were the same
or differed only slightly. The surveys were then tabulated
and the results reflect the total response.
Further steps were taken to insure public input by articles
in local weekly newspapers and six monthly meetings open to the
public by the Planning Board.
The following is an analysis of the opinions and concerns
of 32% of the property owners or residents.
Major Problems Facing Long Beach
1. Lack of year-round employment opportunities
2. Poor roads and traffic control facilities
3. Lack of municipal sewer system
4. Beach erosion
5. Lack of good shopping areas
Maior Advantaees to Livine in Lone Beach
1. Lack of crowded living conditions
2. Closeness to beaches
3. Low taxes
Public Facilities and Services
Respondents were asked to rate eleven town services on a
scale of 1 to 5 with one being worst and five being best. Police,
Fire, Rescue and Refuse Collection received high marks while
Streets and Zoning Administration received the lowest marks. The
other areas of town services rated were Town Management, Water
Service, Recreation, Building Inspection, and Planning.
Future Development
Respondents were asked about the type of development they
wish to see in Long Beach. Both permanent and seasonal develop-
ment was encouraged with permanent development slightly favored.
Single family, commercial, and tourist -related development were
encouraged while industrial, multi -family, condominiums, and
33

mobile homes were discouraged. The following is a listing of the
responses to the questionnaires.
Type
Permanent residential
Seasonal residential
Single Family dwellings
Duplexes.
Multi —family
Commercial
Mobile Homes
Condominiums
Industrial
Tourist —related businesses
(hotels, restaurants)
Polluted Shellfish Areas
Encouraged Discouraged
374
5
288
48
367
9
136
187
61
274
187
112
45
303
90
267
99
259
252 170
Since some shellfish areas adjacent to Long Beach are
closed to harvesting due to pollution, respondents were
asked which method they would support to clean up these areas.
A total of 41% preferred construction of a sewage treatment
facility; 41% preferred prevention of building near wetlands'
(within 75 feet); 15% preferred increased lot size requirements.
The remaining 3% suggested various alternatives for dealing
with the problem.
Beach Erosion
In the questionnaire, the public was briefly explained
CAMA setback regulations and asked for their opinion on the
issue. A surprising 70% agreed with the regulations and
responded by supporting their enforcement. Twenty—two percent
felt that property owners should be allowed to build closer in
the AEC's , but not allowed to get federal flood insurance if
they chose to do so. Three percent felt the regulations should
be cancelled and five percent gave various solutions to the
problem.
Beach Access
Respondents were asked if they considered beach access to
be a problem and which way would they support improvement in
these areas. Sixty percent felt'the'access areas needed im—
proved parking facilities, while 36% felt that more catwalk
construction was needed.
Emergency Preparedness
Is Long Beach prepared to handle emergency evacuation?
Forty—eight percent answering said Yes and 52% said No.
Second Bridge
The public was asked if they would support the construction
t
34

of a second bridge to the mainland at the west end of Oak
Island Drive. Eighty percent said Yes, 20% said No.
Net Fishing
The public was asked if they favored net fishing. Thirty-
six percent favored net fishing, while 29% did not favor it.
Thirty-five percent favored it if it was allowed in a
designated area.
Oak Island Merger
When asked whether they supported the merger of Long
Beach, Yaupon Beach, and Caswell Beach, 74% supported the
idea while 26% disagreed.
Erosion at Lockwoods Folly Inlet
The public was asked if they would be willing to spend
money to help preserve the washing away of the west end of
the island at Lockwoods Folly Inlet. Seventy-two percent
responded against it and twenty-eight percent responded
favorably.
Long Beach has lost a considerable amount of valuable
residential and recreational land at the inlet due to erosion.
The amount of land lost equals approximately five acres. If
it is feasibly possible to use erosion control methods in the
future, the Town would support the project.
1. Continuing Public Participation
Since the Land Use Plan is a tool to be used by the
local governments for planning purposes and since no plan is
perfect, there needs to be continual review of the policies
contained herein. As current conditions change and the needs
and concerns of our community change, this plan will need to
be updated to reflect current policies.
The Long Beach Planning Board meets the first Wednesday
of each month. These meetings are open to the public and
all comments and statements are welcomed.
B. POLICY STATEMENTS
The Town of Long Beach proposes the following policies
for dealing with land use planning issues which will affect
our community for the next ten years. The policies are
classified into four areas: resource protection; resource
production and management; economic and community development;
and other specific issues representative of.our community.
1. Resource Protection
Long Beach will support and enforce through its local
CAMA Officer all policies and regulations in areas of
35

Environmental Concern (AEC's). In accordance with those
policies set forth in Subchapter 7H of CAMA regulations,
Long Beach adopts the following policies regarding AEC's
within its corporate boundaries.
a. Estuarine System
The estuarine system is of irreplaceable economic
and biological value to the local area. Long Beach will
promote the conservation and management of the estuarine
system which includes: coastal wetlands, estuarine water,
public trust areas, and estuarine shorelines.
The management objective for this system will be
to evaluate permitted uses as to their dependency on water
as a criterion for development. Examples of such uses
would include but not limited to; docks, boat ramps, groins,
bulkheads, drainage ditches, and bridges.
Uses which would not be dependent on water as a
criterion for development such as residences, commercial
establishments, and roads would not be allowed.
Specific policies regarding the individual AEC's
of the estuarine system are as follows and shall comply
with general use standards as stated in Subchapter 7H of
the State CAMA Regulations.
(1) Coastal Wetlands
Land uses within the coastal wetlands will be
restricted to those uses which will not significantly
affect the delicate balance of this natural resource.
The highest priority will be given to those activities
which will guarantee conservation of the coastal
wetlands.
Permitted Uses
Docks
Piers
Boat Ramps
Groins
Bridges
Utility Easements
Culverts
(2) Estuarine Waters
Prohibited Uses
Residences
Apartments
Commercial Establishments
Trailer Parks
Hotels
Motels
The estuarine waters are of prime importance to
the local 'fishing industry as well as an important
recreational resource. Activities in this area shall
36

•
be restricted to those which will not significantly
affect the natural function or conditions of the
estuarine waters.
Long Beach will support project which will
increase the productivity of this area. Such projects
may include oyster reseeding, dredging operations for
the purpose of increasing the flushing action of
tidal movements.
Permitted uses in this area may include: bulk—
heads, piers, docks, and navigation channels.
(3) Public Trust Areas
In recognition of land and water where the
public has established rights, Long Beach shall
protect these rights through conservation and
management policies. Any activity which signifi—
cantly interferes with the public right in a
public trust area will not be allowed.
(4) Estuarine Shoreline
The estuarine shoreline is defined as the
area 75 feet landward of the estuarine waters.
The association of this land and the estuarine
waters are of profound importance. Long Beach
recognizes this importance and supports restric—
tions in this area to insure that no damage occurs
within the shoreline area or the adjacent estuarine
waters.
. Suitable land uses include: residential,
commercial, and recreational. But, the following
restrictions will be enforced to insure protection
to this area:
(1) Natural barriers to erosion are not
weakened or eliminated
(2) Development does not interfere with
public access
(3) Development does not interfere with
natural drainage
(4) Development will not create pollution
(5) Standards of North Carolina
Sedimentation Pollution Act of 1973
are met
37

b. Ocean Hazard Areas
Long Beach recognizes the critical nature of the ocean
hazard areas due to their vulnerability to erosion. Long
Beach's 8.3 mile oceanfront is of significant importance
to economic, aesthetic, and recreational nature of this
community. Long Beach vigorously supports all efforts to
protect this area. These efforts include erosion control
activities, dune stablization, and beach access walkways.
Permitted development in this area includes; residential,
commercial, and recreational provided that the following
restrictions are strictly adhered to:
(1) Development is landward from the crest of the
primary dune, and where no primary dune exists,
development is landward from the first line of
stable vegetation. (Note: Long Beach has two
setback rates: 60 ft. in the area of 58th Street
SE West to Lockwoods Folly Inlet and 140 ft. from
58th Street SE East to 79th Street SE.)
(2) Development does not involve significant removal
or relocation of primary or frontal dunes or
vegetation.
(3) Prior to the issuance of any permit for development,
there shall be a written acknowledgement from the
applicant that they are aware of the risks associated
with development in this area.
(4) All other regulations adopted by the.Coastal Resources
Commission will be applicable and complied with.
2. Resource Production and Management
The natural resources of this coastal community are a
vital part of our economy. Protection of these resources is
of primary concern and the following policy statements deal with
the production and management of these resources.
a. Productive Agricultural and Forest Lands
At the present time there are no agricultural or
forest lands located within Long Beach.
b. Net Fishing
Net fishing on the coast serves both commercial and
recreational needs. There has been some concern regarding
the safety to the public. Long Beach is presently working
with surrounding communities in developing a policy which
will be acceptable to the North Carolina Division of
Marine Fisheries.

c. Existing and Potential Mineral Productive Areas
Long Beach contains very little known mineral
deposits, none of which can be mined in a cost-effective
manner.
1 d. Off -Road Vehicles
In May 1978 Long Beach passed an ordinance prohibiting
the use of all vehicles on the beach strand and dune areas.
The only exception to the ordinance is for emergency
vehicles.
e. Public Beach Access,
It is the policy of Long Beach to protect and ensure
optimum access to and recreational opportunities at beach
areas consistent with public rights, constitutionally
protected rights of private property owners and the need
to protect natural resources from overuse. Long Beach
has and will continue to keep street ends clear and
catwalks and handicapped access points maintained. This
maintenance is provided by the Public Works Department.
3. Economic and Community Development
It has been establishedthat protection and management
of resources is of primary importance, but economic and
community development is also of equal importance. The
following are policy statements regarding current and future
issues pertaining to economic and community development.
a. Industry
The Town of Long Beach considers Tourism its only
industry. It is Long Beach's intentions to restrict all
other industrial development (i.e. factories, industrial
complexes, etc.).,
b. Sewage
Presently all sewage disposal is privately owned
septic tanks. Since some areas contain soils which do
not permit adequate percolation, development will be
restricted until an acceptable sewage system is available.
Long Beach supports the development and construction
of the Southeast 201 Facilities Plan.
Note: this support is subject to change pending
completion of Phase II when accurate participation
costs are established.
39

c
n
e
Commercial
It is recognized that commercial growth is needed
to support the needs of the community. Presently there is
a shortage of commercial preperty in a central location
which would be convenient to services such as fire, police,
and refuse collection. The Long Beach Planning Board is
involved in a study to utilize undeveloped land adjacent to
the present commercial district for future commercial
development.
Multi -Family
With todays inflation and interest rates, single
family units are slowly becoming too expensive for the
average family. There has been a trend toward multi -family
or condominiums as an alternative to potential home owners.
Presently multi -family is only allowed in commercial zones.
This presents a problem in compatible use of the area.
Again, the Long Beach Planning Board is studying the
possibility of rezoning this type of development in areas
which are more suitable.
Provision of Services to Development
(1) Public Water Supply
All platted lots in the Town of Long Beach
have the availability of public water. In the future,
if undeveloped property is subdivided, the developer
will furnish the water facilities as is clearly
written in the Town's Subdivision Regulations.
(2) Public Sewerage System
Long Beach supports the development and con-
struction of the Southeast 201 Sewage Facilities Plan.
(3) Solid Waste Disposal
The Town of Long Beach provides solid waste
disposal services for its residents free of charge.
Long Beach currently uses the County's "Southport
Landfill" on Highway 211. It is the policy of Long
Beach to support Brunswick County's participation in
regional landfill projects as long as adequate
landfill sites are maintained and available for use.
(4) ,Rescue Squad and Fire Protection
Please refer to II.
A. Community Profile, 6.
Emergency Protection.
Data Collection & Analysis,
Fire Protection and 7.
40

(5) Public School System
Please refer to III. Constraints to Develop—
ment B. Community Capacity 1. Existing and Proposed
Facilities I. Community Service Facilities.
(6) Transportation
The Town of Long Beach and the North Carolina
Department of Transportation adopted in September
of 1980 a Thoroughfare Plan for the orderly
development of the highway and street system in the
Long Beach area.
(7) Tourism
Long Beach will promote and encourage growth
in its tourist industry.
f. Cultural Resources
Cultural resources are noted to include architectural,
archaeological, and historical resources. The North
Carolina Department of Cultural Resources (Archaeology
Branch) has information concerning approximately sixty
archaeological sites located within the town limits of
Long Beach. .There is the potential that other sites will
be identified.
In accordance with policies of the State CAMA regu—
lations, Long Beach will support the following actions
regarding cultural resources.
(1) To protect unique habitat conditions and to
minimize land use impacts which might jeopardize
the survival of threatened and endangered native
animals and plants.
(2) To protect the natural coastal areas in order to
safeguard its educational, scientific, biological,
and aesthetic qualities.
a. To protect the above values and ensure that
the site will be accessible for related
study purposes.
(3) To conserve coastal archaeological resources of
more than local significance to history or prehistory.
a. To insure that designated archaeological
resources, or the information contained
therein, be preserved for and be accessible
to the scientific and educational communities
for study purposes.
The Town of Long Beach has made it their policy to
consult the North Carolina Department of Cultural Resources
41

in regards to these sixty archaeological sites before
any ground breaking takes place on any projects.
g. Soil Conservation
It is the policy of Long Beach to use only updated
and detailed soil data for future land use planning
decisions and land use plan updates.
h. Types of Urban Growth Patterns Desired
Refer to III. Constraints to Development B.
Community Capacity 3. Estimated Demand b. Local Policy
Concerning Growth
i. Committment to State and Federal Programs
The Town of Long Beach will support and comply with
any State and Federal programs that apply to this area.
j. Channel Maintenance and Beach Nourishment
The Town of Long Beach supports Federal and State
projects dealing with the maintenance of channels. The
Town also supports beach nourishment and has participated
in these projects (i.e. groin and sandbag projects, planting
grass on dunes, etc.).
k. Energy Facility Siting
There are no areas within the Town of Long Beach
which are suitable for energy facilities, therefore, it
is the policy of the Town to discourage such facilities.
1. Tourism and Beach Access
For beach access refer to IV. Policy Development
and Implementation B. Policy Statements 2. Resource
Production and Management e. Public Beach Access
m. Redevelopment of Developable Areas
In the event that subdivision of developable land
takes place, it is the policy of Long Beach to require the
developer to follow subdivision regulations. At this
time, the Town of Long Beach is not faced with the problem
of redevelopment of developable lands,
n. Policy on Evacuation
In the event of any natural disaster such as a
Hurrican or Flooding, the Town of Long Beach activates
42

3
its own Emergency Operations Center and works in cooper-
ation with the Brunswick County Civil Preparedness Agency
and the Brunswick County Emergency Operations Center in
Bolivia. The following procedure has been activated on
numerous occasions and has proven to be very effective.
Stage 1:
Notification of city officials (City Manager,
Fire Chief, Rescue Chief; Police Chief, etc.) This
- is merely an advisory meeting and is used to preplan
actions.
Stage 2:
Increasing severity of problem; all Fire, Rescue,
Police, and City Employees are put on Stand -By.
Stage 3:
Due to serious threat of injury and damage, all
Fire, Rescue, and Police are mobilized for evacuation
procedures.
Stage 4:
Actual evacuation.
43

tk
v
LAND CLASSIFICATION
44

PROPOSED LAND CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM
TOWN OF LONG BEACH
A. GUIDELINES REQUIREMENTS AND PURPOSE OF SYSTEM
According to Section .0204 of the Land Use Planning
T Guidelines, the land classification is intended to provide
a framework to be used by local governments to identify where
future land use will occur and to illustrate policy statement
concerning density and conservation of natural and cultural
resources. The classification system is not intended to be a
regulatory mechanism or have the same effect as the Town's
zoning ordinance but should be used to help implement the
zoning ordinance and other land use regulations and policies.
The Guidelines provide five classes for grouping land uses. —
developed, transition, community, rural and conservation;
however, because of the character and density of the Town's
development, only the developed, transition, and conservation
classes have application in Long Beach. Further, the Guide—
lines permit these classes to be modified and redefined to
conform to the needs and land use patterns in the particular
community. The following summarizes the Guidelines purpose
and description of these classes:
1. Developed
Purpose — To provide for continued intensive development
and redevelopment of existing towns.
Definitions — Lands currently developed for urban purposes
at or approaching a density of 500 dwellings per square mile
and provided with water, sewer, police and fire protection,
and recreational facilities. Areas which exceed the minimum
density but lack.central sewer may best be divided into a
separate class to indicate that although they have a developed
character, they need sewers in the future.
2. Transition
Purpose — To provide for future intensive urban development
within the next 10 years on the most suitable lands scheduled
for public utilities and services.
Description — Lands classified as transition may include
areas currently having urban services or necessary to accomodate
future growth. Transition lands must 1) be served, or readily
served by public water, sewer, and streets, and 2) be free of
severe physical development limitations.
45

3. Conservation
Purpose - To provide for effective long-term management of
significant limited or irreplaceable areas.
Description - Should be applied to wetlands, undeveloped,
hazardous shorelands; wildlife habitat, publicly owned aquifers
and certain forestlands.
B. LONG BEACH LAND CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM
Using the definitions above the following system of land
classification has been designed to most effectively represent
the Town's land use policies. These land classes are illustrated
on the Land Classification Map.
These Classes and the Land Classification Map are intended to
serve as a guide for future growth and to implement the land use
policies previously stated. They are not intended to restrict
any of the uses permitted under the Town zoning ordinance and if
a proposed use or action is found to be inconsistent with the
Land Use Plan, but allowable under the zoning ordinance, the
ordinance shall govern.
1. Developed - Future Service
This classification is intended to recognize the developed
nature of the Town, as defined by the Guidelines, in all ways
except the provision of public sewer. With approximately 3,275
dwellings in the Town's 5.0 square miles, all of the Town's
developable areas (i.e. all areas exclusive of water, wetlands,
and beaches) fall into the Developed definition of 500 dwellings
per square mile (3275 ; 5). However, since none of the Town is
currently served by public sewers this classification is modified
to recognize this factor. Thus, the purpose of this classifi-
cation is to encourage the continued development of the Town as
a predominantly single-family community but to recognize that
future locations and rates of growth must be consistent with the
capability of the land and surrounding waters to absorb if the
Town does not have the capacity to protect these areas through
a public sewer system. It is also the intent of this classifi-
cation to recognize the need for a public sewerage system.
The Classification is intended to implement the Economic
and Community Development Policies relating to Industry, Sewage,
Commercial and Multi -Family development. Land Uses permitted
within this district are those permitted under the Town zoning
ordinance. The area covered by this classification is all areas
of the Town exclusive of the remaining classifications.
46

2. Developed - Limited Service
The purpose of this Classification is to recognize the
dangers of development in areas subject to inlet, migration and
to implement the Ocean Hazard Areas policies. This area includes
all of the area from 60th Place west to 73rd Place west. Permissible
uses are those allowed under the Town zoning ordinance but major
public facilities are not encouraged because of the possible loss
due to erosion and inlet migration.
1 3. Transition
The purpose of this classification is to identify areas in
which higher densities and more intensive uses will be permitted
and where a central sewage system will be installed first. This
classification will thus promote more efficient land use through
clustering of commercial and high density development thus allevia-
ting pressure for development in hazardous areas and for commercial
strip development.
This Classification is primarily intended to implement the
Economic and Community Development policy relating to Commercial
and Multi -family development and will establish suitable areas
for commercial development. Suitable land uses will be those
allowable under the Town zoning ordinance. This area covers all
of the area from 58 Street east to 69th Street east exclusive of
that reserved for future classification.
4. Conservation
This classification is intended to recognize those areas
which are either hazardous for development or include significant
natural resource areas that should be protected, or both. Included
in this classification are ocean beaches, inlet lands, wetlands,
and estuarine waters.
This Classification is intended to implement the policies'
relating to Ocean Hazard Areas, Estuarine Shorelines, Estuarine
Waters, and Public Trust Areas. It includes all areas on the
sound side which fall within the Estuarine system as defined in
the AEC guidelines, and all areas on the ocean side which, meet the
definitions of a Ocean Hazard Area. Uses permitted are those
allowable under the Town zoning ordinance.
C. PROPOSED LAND CLASSIFICATION MAP
See Exhibit (6)
47

TOWN OF LONG BEACH LAND CLASSIFICATION MAP
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'CONSERVATION
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DEVELOPED- LIMITED SERVICE
DEVELOPED- Fli-ORE SERVICE
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