Land Use Plan-1987

1987 TOWN OF KILL DEVIL HILLS
LAND USE PLAN
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Division of Coastal Management

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LAND USE PLAN
TOWN OF KILL DEVIL HILLS, NORTH CAROLINA
AUGUST 10, 1987
The preparation of this report was financed in
part through a grant provided by the North
Carolina Coastal Management Program through
funds provided by the Coastal Zone Management
Act of 1972 as amended which is administered
by the Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource
Management of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration.
1

BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS
Lowell M. Perry, Mayor
Robert Rollason, Mayor pro-tem
Lurana Cowan
Joseph Deneke
Lacy J. McNeil
Lloyd Ballance-, Town Manager
PLANNING BOARD
Bill Schmidt, Chairman
Tom Taylor, Vice -Chairman
Clair Sutton
Lynn Coppersmith
Tom Casey
Phillip Tate (alternate) '
Charlotte Beasley, Clerk
DEPARTMENT OF PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT
Raymond P. Sturza II, Director
Greg Loy, Assistant Planner
Donna Edmondson, Secretary
PLANNING CONSULTANTS
Stephenson and Associates, Greenville, N.C.
Dr. Richard Stephenson, President
Adopted by the Kill Devil Hills Board
of Commissioners on August 10, 1987;
and certified by the Coastal Resources
Commission on September 25, 1987

'
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
1
Title
Page
i
List
of Officials
ii
'
Table
of Contents
iii
List
of Maps
iiiii
List
of Figures
iiiiii
'
I.
Introduction
A. History of Kill Devil Hills ..............................
2
II.
Review and Analysis of the 1980 ..............................
4
Land Use Plan and Policies
III.
Data Collection and Analysis .................................
12
A. 1986 Kill Devil Hills Public Opinion Survey ...............
13
'
B. 1986 Kill Devil Hills Public Opinion Survey Questionnaire.
22
IV.
Existing Land Use and Conditions ..............................
26
'
A. Land Classification .....::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::
29
B. Population Projections..
31
C. Housing and Accomodations.................................
34
■
V.
Existing Plans, Regulations, and Growth .......................
36
Management Ordinances
'
A. Subdivision of Land .......................................
37
B. Zoning ....................................................
37
C. Storm Water Management ....................................
37
D. Shoreline Access ..........................................
37
E. Site Plan Review..
37
VI. Land Use and Development Constraints .......................... 41
A. Soils........ ........................................... 42
B. Areas of Environmental Concern ............................ 45
VII. Policies and Implementation Strategies...... ................ 49
' A. Resource Protection, Production, and Management........... 50
1. Constraints to Development - Flood Hazards............ 51
2.
Shoreline Erosion .....................................
53
'
3.
Duneplowing, Revegetation, Estuarine Bulkheads..
54
4.
Commercial and Recreational Fishing ...................
55
Vehicles
'
5.
Agricultural, Forestry, and Industrial Uses..
Agricultural,
56
57
6.
AEC's and CRC Policies....... •..•...•.••.••.••..•.••.•
7.
State and Federal Policies ............................
58
■
8.
Estuarine Water Quality ...............................
59
9. Maritime Forests ...................................... 60

PAGE
,
10.
Floating Homes and Marinas ............................
61
11.
Fresh Water Pond ......................................
62
12.
Areas of Archaeological Significance ..................
63
B. Economic and Community Development .........................
64
1.
Capital Improvements ..................................
65
2.
Growth and Population .................................
67
3.
Energy Shortages ......................................
68
4.
Water and Sewer .......................................
69
5.
Package Treatment Plants ..............................
71
6.
Transportation (By -Pass) ..............................
72
7.
Transportation (Local Roads) ..........................
73
8.
Housing Mix ...........................................
75
9.
Building Height Limitations ...........................
76
10.
Commercial Development ................................
77
,
11.
Energy Facilities .....................................
78
12.
Historic Preservation .................................
79
13.
Annexation ............................................
80
14.
Consolidation of Local Governments ....................
81
15.
Health and Education ..................................
82
16.
Community Appearance ..................................
83
17.
Tourism ...............................................
84
18.
Recreation and Shoreline Access .......................
85
19.
Redevelopment of Developed Areas ......................
86
20.
Development of the Baum Tract .........................
87
,
C. Public Participation .......................................
88
D. Hurricane Mitigation and Disaster Planning .................
92
,
VIII. Summary
Statement ..............................................
108
IX. References.....................................................
110
X. Public Notice Appendix ......................................... 111
iiii

' LIST OF MAPS
1.
se...........................................
Existing Land Use,,,,,,,, ..... *
p.
28A
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2.
Land Classification
32A
.........................................
p.
'
3.
Zoning Districts ...........................................
p.
40A
4.
Soils with Limitations for Development ......................
p.
45A
5.
Flood Hazard Zones .........................................
p.
45B
6.
Fragile Areas ............................. ................
p.
48B
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7.
Shoreline Access/ Archaeological Sites ......................
p.
85A
8.
Baum Tract Development ......................................
p.
87A
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LIST OF FIGURES
1. Figure 1 - Comparison of Policies ................... P. 10
for Adjoining Townships
2. Figure 2 - Population Projections ..................
through the Year 2000
p. 33

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INTRODUCTION
In an effort to establish a set of guidelines that can be used to direct
the future growth of Kill Devil Hills, the Board of Commissioners has adopted
this Land Use Plan.
The plan consists of five sections, beginning with an introduction and
brief history of Kill Devil Hills, followed by an analysis of previous policies,
existing conditions, and concludes with plans and policies aimed at directing
future growth. Several maps are included in this document to illustrate land
use, environmental constraints, and land classification.
This plan, a 1986 update of a similar document that was developed in 1980,
is the result of numerous meetings held by the Kill Devil Hills Board of
Commissioners and the Town's Planning Board. A public opinion survey was
developed, distributed, and analyzed in conjunction with the update process.
The data collected and the policies adopted as a result of the 1986 update of
the Kill Devil Hills Land Use Plan represent the collective wisdom and desires
of the citizens of this community.
Successfully implemented, this document will manage the future development
of Kill Devil Hills in such a fashion that the local economy will progress at
a rate that provides for an acceptable level of growth that is compatible with
the environment and the quality of life the citizens of this community have
come to enjoy.
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HISTORY OF KILL DEVIL HILLS I
While the first recorded accounts by a European Expedition of the Southeast
coast of the United States date to the early 1500's, it was not until July of
1584 that Sir Walter Raleigh's ships found the "abundant" New World known today
as North Carolina's Outer Banks. Raleigh's colony was established and was lost
,
on Roanoke Island. Successful settlement of the Banks did not come for another
seventy-five years.
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Colington Island, near Kill Devil Hills, was the first land grant issued
in the New World by the Lords Proprietors of Carolina. A plantation settlement
was soon established with crops and livestock. Abundant timber provided lumber
for boats and homes, while the islands grasses were ideal to support livestock.
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Early settlers lived off the land, water, and salvage operations from shipwrecks.
Many legends and folktales are associated with the origin of the name Kill
Devil Hills or Kill Devil Hill. Kill Devil Hills is the largest sand hill in
the area now grassed over with the Wright Brothers National Memorial situated
on top. While there is no clear evidence, numerous stories range from a
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legendary liquor made on the Banks and sold on the hill that was so bad it
would "kill the devil", to a story about an Outer Banks Hermit known as "Fresh
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Pond Will" who vowed to give the Devil his soul for a bag of gold. The tale
goes on to explain how Fresh Pond Will tricked the Devil to fall to his death
into a pit of quicksand, a trap that the banker had prepared previously, thus
"killing the devil on the hill".
Livelihoods of the early bankers included scavengers, boat builders, fishermen,
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coast guardsmen, pilots, and lumbermen. By 1878 the United States Government had
built a lifesaving station in Kill Devil Hills. The Wright Brothers made history
,
in 1903 with the first successful heavier than air powered flight at Kill Devil
Hill. This event is marked by a monument made of granite, sixty-one feet in
height. Designed to also function as an aid to navigation, this landmark is
known today as the Wright Brothers National Memorial.
,
By the time the first post office was established in Kill Devil Hills in
1938, it was clear the area had a future of tourism and cottage development.
The Town of Kill Devil Hills was incorporated in 1953.
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Today the Towns of Kitty Hawk and Southern Shores are to the north and the
Town of Nags Head is on the southern border. Kill Devil Hills is a resort
community of 2,500 residents with a peak seasonal population of 35,000.
Development is mostly single family cottages but also includes resort accomod-
,
ations, restaurants and other commercial services necessary to meet the needs
of the area's year round and seasonal popluation. I

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SECTION II
REVIE14 AND ANALYSIS OF THE 1980
LAND USE PLAN AND POLICIES

ANALYSIS OF THE 1980 LAND USE PLAN I
AND POLICIES I
In the 1980 Land Use Plan, the Kill Devil Hills Board of Commissioners ,
adopted policies directed at twenty-two specific issues. In conjunction with
the 1980 update of that plan, each of those twenty-two policies was examined
and evaluated by the Town's Planning Board. The results of that evaluation
are listed below: I
1. Growth: Policy selected - Retain growth rate of the near past, at 8-13% '
per year.
Evaluation - The 1980 population of Kill Devil Hills was estimated at 1800.
The 1986 population is estimated to be around 2600. Using the 8 to 13%
growth rate parameters, the Town's year-round population would grow to
between 2520 to 2970 residents. 1986 estimates place the year round
population of Kill Devil Hills well with -in the parameters of the 1980
Land Use Plan, at about 9% per year. The estimates of seasonal population
surge, however, appear to have been far too low. The 1980 Land Use Plan
projected a seasonal population of 13,000. 1986 estimates of the seasonal
population of Kill Devil Hills range upward of 30,000 indicating that the
1980 plan underestimated the summer surge to a significant degree.
2. Energy Shortage: Policy Selected - Support efforts begun by the Town ,
of Nags Head aimed at providing mass transit for the Northern Dare beach
communities.
Evaluation - This effort to deal with anticipated energy shortages and '
transportation problems was not successful, due in a large part to the
fact that a year round market for mass -transit has not developed and the
seasonal population is not familar with the geography nor even inclined to
use mass transit.
3. Constraints To Development: Policy Selected - To limit development of ,
septic tanks on unsuitable soils, participate in the Federal Flood
Insurance Program, retain wooded areas, support CRC policies on protecting ,
marshlands, and dunes, not support setbacks on the oceanfront as an erosion
mitigation policy.
Evaluation - The Town has successfully implemented most of these policies. '
Construction is not authorized on soils unsuitable for septic tank systems
unless serviced by a wastewater treatment plant. Flood insurance rate
maps have been established for the Town of Kill Devil Hills and a flood
hazard ordinance is enforced in Kill Devil Hills. The Town also maintains
two certified Local Permit Officers under the N.C. Coastal Management
Program. In reference to oceanfront setbacks, the Board of Commissioners

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3. has gone on record. on a number of occasions indicating opposition to CRC
policies in reference to this issue.
4. Water and Sewer: Policy Selected - The Town supports the building of the
regional waste treatment facility as soon as possible. The water system
has sufficient excess capacity to meet demands to 1990.
Evaluation - Both of these policies have proven to be ill-advised or
based on unreliable data. The Dare Beaches Water and Sewer Commission's
Regional Wastewater Treatment Facility was abandoned due to complications
with a proposed ocean outfall discharge system and since that time Section
201 funds associated with the Clean Water Act have been eliminated. The
Dare County Regional Water System, estimated in 1980 to have excess
capacity through the decade of the 80's, is now operating at or near peak
capacity during summer months. The major problem appears to have been a
severe underestimation of seasonal population surge. Considerable
attention to both of these issues will be necessary in the 1986 update.
5. Hurricane Evacuation: Policy Selected - The Town requests the State Depart-
ment of Transportation to plan and build another bridge across the Currituck
Sound. The Town requests that Dare County update its hurricane evacuation
plan.
Evaluation - This policy was never successfully implemented, although the
Dare County Hurricane Evacuation Plan has been updated and a full time
Emergency Management Coordinator has been hired.
6. Transportation Network (By -Pass): Policy Selected - The Town supports the
thoroughfare plan and requests the State implement the plan as soon as
possible, plan for six lanes on the By -Pass in the next ten years.
Evaluation - This policy has been successfully implemented, with a widening
project on U.S. 158 By -Pass to alternating 3 and 5 lane sections in Kill
Devil Hills recently completed. Restricted access has been achieved to
only a limited degree in conjunction with development review and the N.C.
D.O.T. driveway permit process.
7. Transportation Network (Local Roads): Policy Selected - The Town will
' continue its policy of paving local roads when a majority of the people
on the road or street are willing to pay 50% of the costs of paving.
' Evaluation - This policy has not been implemented since having been
adopted. A substitute policy of periodic maintenance of existing roads
and upgrading of non -paved surfaces based on development trends has been
followed instead. Survey results and a D.O.T. study of the Kill Devil
' Hills local roads system indicated the need to place additional emphasis
on implementation of LUP policies.
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8. Housing Mix: Policy Selected - The Town desires to provide for a future
housing mix which is approximately 75% single family and 25% motel units. '
Middle densities will be largely discouraged.
Evaluation - This policy has been implemented. Amendments to the Kill
Devil Hills Town Code have been adopted to require a conditional use '
permit for any multi -family structure in excess of a duplex, allowable
densities have been reduced, total building heights have been reduced, and
minimum lot sizes for multi -family structures have been increased. I
9. Recreation and Beach Access: Policy Selected - The Town will plan to
provide adequate beach access facilities for the general public and
especially for overnight residents of the Town. More specifically, the
Town will attempt to improve and maintain all the beach access points with- '
in its jurisdiction within the next ten years.
Evaluation - This policy has been successfully implemented. Since 1980,
the Town has completed a regional access facility complete with restrooms
and showers, has also improved four other neighborhood access sites, and
has adopted policies that require oceanfront developments to make improve-
ments in conjunction with site improvements associated with the development
project.
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10. Beach and Shoreline Erosion: This section was amended in 1984. The original
policy selected in 1980 indicated the Town was opposed to private or
governmental actions that would attempt to stabilize the beach. The amended
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policy favored long-term efforts to insure a public trust beach through
the funding of a beach nourishment project and the use of off -shore break-
waters, artifical seaweed, sandbags, relocation, and other similar measures
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as may be necessary as interim temporary remedial action in response to
storm frequency and erosion.
11. Duneplowing, Rebuilding and Revegetating the Dunes, Bulkheading the Estuarine
Shoreline: Policy Selected - The Town encourages the building and rebuilding
of the dunes, supports individual decisions towards duneplowing, and en-
courages bulkheading of property along canal lots adjacent to the sound
where such property is experiencing erosion.
'
Evaluation - This policy has been implemented in conjunction with the
Town's Implementation and Enforcement Agreement with the State of North
Carolina and the Division of Coastal Management.
'
12. Building Heights: Policy Selected - The Town will retain its current 50
feet limitation for structures.
Evaluation - This policy has been implemented through enforcement of the '
Town's Zoning Code. Building heights have,however, been set at a lower
level, 42', in all of the town's zoning districts except for those areas ,
zoned for business uses.

13. Commercial and Recreational Fishing, Off -Road Vehicle Use: Policy Selected -
' The Town would probably not support State regulation to deal with conflicts
between various beach and surf users at this time.
Evaluation - The Town continues to prohibit the use of off -road vehicles on
the beach during the tourist season (May - September) and has not adopted
any new conflict resolution ordinances. When conflicts do arise they appear
to be as a result of individual action or rude behavior not worthy of
' ordinance action at this time.
' 14. Agricultural, Forestry and Industrial Uses: Policy Selected - The Town
opposes the commercial cutting of the woods. The Town does not consider
' agricultural purposes likely. The Town considers additional industrial
development a possibility with other businesses in the Town.
Evaluation - This policy has been largely ignored. A new zoning district
' for light industrial uses has been established, and the area indicated in
the policy as "woods" (The Nags Head Woods Ecological Preserve) is owned
by a private non-profit organization and is not likely to be subjected
' to timber harvesting or agricultural uses.
15. Commercial Development: Policy Selected - The Town will attempt to review
its zoning ordinance and to revise it to reflect a policy of attempting
to provide more centralization for the commercial zone.
Evaluation - This policy has been implemented as one element of the Town's
Comprehensive Rezoning Plan which was completed in December of 1985 and
' which created two distinct geographical commercial zones.
16. A.E.C.'s Policies of the Coastal Resource Commission: Policy Selected -
None, reference was made to the constraints section.
' Evaluation - Although no specific policy was selected, the discussion
section identified opposition to CRC oceanfront setback regulations and
the nomination of "The Woods" (Nags Head Woods Ecological Preserve) as
an AEC. Generally speaking, public opinion in Kill Devil Hills indicates
only marginal support of CRC policies and continued opposition to mandatory
setback regulations. The Town has made its opposition to those policies
of the CRC known at a number of CRC meetings and public hearings.
17. Energy Facilities and Utility Transmission Lines: Policy Selected - The
Town is opposed to energy facilities, including pipelines, docking
facilities, plants, and substations locating within the Town. The Town
is not opposed to the reasonable location of facilities necessary for
' the transmission of electricity for serving residents of the Outer Banks,
however, the Town prefers that transmission lines be placed underground.
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17. Evaluation - Because no energy facilities have been proposed, it can be
said that this policy has been implemented. In addition, in 1982 the
Town took legal action againist Virginia Electric Power in a dispute '
over power line placement. A ruling by the N.C. Utilities Commission up-
held the right of VEPCO to erect overhead transmission lines unless the
subscribers paid the additional costs associated with underground trans-
mission lines.
18. Commitment To State And Federal Programs: Policy Selected - The Town '
supports Federal and State programs.
Evaluation - The policy selected is too vague to evaluate and inconsistant ,
with policy statements on CRC policies, and others.
19. Historic Preservation: Policy Selected -The Town will study the older
houses along the oceanfront to seek nominees to the National Register and '
notify the Department of Natural Resources and Community Development in the
event significant sites are discovered.
Evaluation - This policy has been implemented and negotiations have been ,
conducted with Mrs. Diane Baum St. Clair in reference to the Kill Devil
Hills Coast Guard Station and its nominations.as a historic structure. In
addition, Department of Cultural Resources review is one element of the '
subdivision and site plan review process for new construction in Kill Devil
Hills.
20. Tourism: Policy Selected - The Town encourages tourism and supports extending '
the length of the tourist season.
Evaluation - This policy has been implemented through the Town's partici-
pation in the Outer Banks Chamber of Commerce, the Dare County Tourist ,
Bureau, the First Flight Society, and sponsoring tourist related events
such as the July 4th Fireworks display and the Wilbur Wright Fly -In and
Air Show. ,
21. Public Participation: Policy Selected - The Town will encourage the public I
to participate to the maximum extent possible in governing of the Town.
Evaluation - This policy has been implemented through Planning Board and
Board of Commissioners meetings, workshops, citizens commissions, survey
questionnaires, the maintenance of a Sunshine List, and various other
involvement techniques. ,

1980 POLICY COMPARISONS
OF ADJOINING TOWNSHIPS
Acknowledging that development in adjacent townships effects and impacts the future
' of Kill Devil Hills influenced the preparation of Figure One . In this figure
policies from the 1980 - 1981 Land Use Plan Updates of Kitty Hawk and Nags Head
are compared to the policies of the 1980 Kill Devil Hills Update.
Major differences are noted in
policies on
Coastal Resources Commission (C.R.C. )
'
Guidelines, Regional Wastewater Treatment,
Building Heights, and Industrial
Development. A comparison of
the various
policies indicates that the Town of
Kill Devil Hills has responded
to pressure
from a growing service economy and
has adopted policies that will
accomodate
additional commercial development.
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FIGURE 1 1
COMPARISON OF POLICIES FOR ADJOINING TOWNSHIPS
1980 Update
Kill Devil Hills
1) Agrees with CRC Ocean Estuarine Setbacks Disagree
2)
Feels County Water System is Adequate
Agree
Until 1990
3)
Support Plans for Regional Effluent
Agree
Treatment Facility
4)
Support State Thoroughfare Plan to
Agree
Provide More Efficient Evacuation
Routes
5)
Support 4 Lane Improvement to By -Pass
Agree
6)
Pave Local Roads Through Town Funds
50%
7)
Favor Mostly Low Density Single
Agree
Family Housing
8)
Favor Maintenance and Improvement
Agree
of Beach Access
9)
Opposed to Erosion Control Devices
Agree
on Beach
10) Support Protection and Stabilization Agree
of Barrier Dunes
11) Limit All Building Heights to 35' Disagree
(50')
12) Allow Off Road Vehicles on Beach Agree
Certain Times of Year
13) Consider Agricultural Uses Unlikely Agree
14) Will Consider Future Industrial Agree
Development in Town
15) Do Not Promote Cutting of Trees Agree
(Forestry)
'
1980 Update
1981 Update
Nags Head
Kitty Hawk
Agree or
Agree
more
stringent
'
Agree
Agree
'
Not Sure
Disagree
Agree
Agree
'
,
Agree
Not
Addressed
,
Agree
Agree
Agree
Agree
'
Agree
Agree
'
Agree
Except for
Public
'
Property
Agree
Agree
'
Agree
Agree
Agree
Not
Addressed
,
Agree
Agree
Disagree
Disagree
,
Agree
Agree
'
,
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'
16
Do Not Promote Mining
'
17)
Allow Limited Commercial Development
'
18)
Support CRC's Policies on AEC's
19)
Oppose/Do Not Wish to Promote Energy
'
Generating Facilities
20)
Desire Utility Lines Underground
21)
Preserve Old Beach Cottages of
Historic Significance
22)
Promote Archaeological Preservation
23)
Encourage Tourism
24)
Encourage Public Involvement in
'
Government
25)
Feel Growth is Strong in Town
1980 Update
1980 Update
1980 Update
Kill Devil Hills
Nags Head
Kitty Hawk
Not
Agree
Agree
Addressed
Agree
Agree
Agree
Agree
Agree
Agree
Agree
Agree
Agree
Agree
Not
Agree
Addressed
Agree
Agree
Private
Sector
Only
Agree
Not
Private
Addressed
Sector
Only
Agree
Not
Agree
Addressed
Agree
Agree
Agree
Agree
Agree
Agree
11

SECTION III '
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
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1986 KILL DEVIL HILLS SURVEY ANALYSIS
Introduction
During the winter of 1986, the Town of Kill Devil Hills conducted a public
opinion survey of its residents to determine prevalent attitudes toward the
Town's future growth. A total of 2,500 surveys were sent based on the criteria
of residents who purchased water from the town. The surveys were sent to: the same
addresses as each customer's respective water bills. Of the initial number of
surveys, 1,267 were received by the Town before the cut-off date of February 28,
1986, representing a response rate of 50.68 percent.
The survey was divided into three sections: Demographic Data (about the
respondents); Community Issues (referring to growth) and; Special Interest Issues
(concerning new public facilities and restrictions). The results of the survey
have given some clear indication as to the desires of the residents of the community
as well as the demographic makeup of the residents. This information can be helpful
to policy makers to make informed decisions about the future growth and direction
of the community.
Demographic Survey Section
The demographic data was obtained from the first six (6) questions of the
survey, which included 1) where in Kill Devil Hills did the respondent live
(in regards to proximity to the ocean); 2) the age of the respondent; 3) their
approximate income per year; 4) the occupation of the respondent; 5) the respondent's
resident status (local or otherwise); and 6) the type of residence in which the
respondent lived (single family home, rented apartment, etc.). The above questions
provided six variables to compare against the responses in the remainder of the
survey to determine if there were any trends related to a resident's demographic
' category.
Analysis of Demographic Responses
1) Where in Kill Devil Hills do you live or own property?
a) 10.41% lived east of Virginia Dare Trail (Beach Road).
b) 34.54% lived between the highways.
c) 49.61% lived west of U.S. 158 Bypass.
d) 4.65% owned more than one residence.
The majority of the respondents resided in homes west of the U.S. 158 Bypass
with the second largest group being between the highways. Though 4.65% responded
by choosing multiple answers to indicate that they owned more than one residence,
13

it cannot be considered an accurate representation because such a response was not
'
provided for in the survey. It is not clear whether those who chose multiple
answers were the only ones who owned more than one residence or whether they were
the ones who owned residences in more than one of the regions specified. The other
'
figures, however, can be considered to be representative of the distribution of home
owners in Kill Devil Hills. Less than one percent of the respondents did not answer
'
the question.
2) Please check the category that indicates your age group.
a) 3.86% were between 20 and 29 years.
30
'
b) 17.90% were between 30 and years.
c) 21.45% were between 40 and 49 years.
d) 26.26% were between 50 and 59 years.
'
e) 22.79% were between 60 and 69 years.
f) 6.63% were over 70 years of age.
'
' The majority were in the 50 - 59 age group, followed by the 60 - 69 and the
40 - 49 age groups. Unanticipated multiple answers were given here as in question '
one (i.e. when a husband and wife were in more than one category), therefore, the
oldest age group checked was the one recorded for data purposes. It was assumed
that with at least one member of the household in an older bracket, the responses '
may tend to be oriented towards that age group. Because Kill Devil Hills is part
of a resort area, where a large number of families do not live year round, it is '
quite probable that the oldest member may have been the head of household and the
person who's views were expressed in the survey. Approximately one percent of ,
the respondents did not answer this question and only one person answered to be
under 20 years of age. I
3) Please check the
category
that indicates your income group.
a)
2.6% made less than
$10,000 per
year.
'
b)
11.91% made
between
$10,000 and
$19,999.
c)
16.24% made
between
$20,000 and
$29,999.
'
d)
15.14% made
between
$30,000 and
$39,999.
e)
16.40% made
between
$40,000 and
$49,999.
'
f)
33.60% made
more than $50,000 per year.
The most significant answer here is the relatively high percentage of people '
who make more than $50,000 per year. When combined with those in the $40,000 to
$49,999 income bracket, 50% of all respondents earned over $40,000 per year. This
unusually large number in the high income category suggests a significant number of '
14 1

second home owners in Kill Devil Hills. As a result, there may be a relationship
between the responses of those with high incomes where Kill Devil Hills is not
their primary residence, and those with lower incomes who may be permanently re-
siding in Kill Devil Hills. Approximately 4% of the respondents did not answer
this question.
4) Please check the category best indicates your occupation.
a) 0.6% were unemployed.
b) 26.6% were retired.
c) 7.6% were government/military employees.
d) 31.4% were professional/technical occupations.
e) 2.4% were housewives.
f) 10.5% were in sales and real estate.
g) 7.9% were in construction.
h) 0.6% were in fishing.
i) 11.5% were in "other" occupations.
The highest responses for this question were the retirees and those involved
in prof essional/technical occupations, totaling to 58% of the total respondents.
Here again, there was a problem of unanticipated multiple answers which is under-
standable when dual career households is the case. Unfortunately, there is no rule
of thumb to go by in choosing which answer is best to use in the data set.
Essentially, if one of the answers was indicated "retired", then the answer would be
tallied in the retired category since any other jobs that were presently held were
post -career occupations that may be supplementing retirement incomes. In other
situations where there were multiple answers, "professional/technical" was counted
over all other responses except "retired"; "construction" over "sales/real estate";
etc. Admittedly, this method was very subjective, but was necessary in order to
be able to use the responses. Even with these limitations, however, the two
categories of "retired" and "professional/technical" are so dominant that they can
be considered major factors in the interpretation of the survey. Approximately
one percent of the respondents did not answer the question.
5) Please check the category that indicates the resident status that applies
to you.
a) 32.5% were year round residents of Kill Devil Hills.
b) 11.7% were non-resident property owners from N.C.
c) 46.7% were non-resident property owners from Virginia.
d) 4.7 were non-resident property owners from New York, New Jersey, Maryland,
Washington DC, or Pennsylvania.
e) 3.5% were non-resident property owners from other states.
15

The two strongest responses to this question are the year round residents
of Kill Devil Hills and the non-resident property owners from Virginia, together
comprising 79.2% of all responses. The high percentage of non-residents from
Virginia supports the previous assumption of the large number of second home
owners in Kill Devil Hills. Multiple answers were not a problem in this question
and less than one percent of all respondents did not answer the question.
6) Please check the category that best describes the residence you live in or own.
a) 84.5% answered "Single family home I own."
b) 8.7% answered "Single family home I rent."
c) 1.9% answered "Condominium I own."
d) 0.9% answered "Condominium or apartment I rent."
e) 1.4% answered "Mobile home."
f) 0.7% answered "Time-share."
g) 1.9% answered "Other."
The overwhelming response here was under "Single family home I own," however,
there were similar problems encountered with this question as with previous questions.
There were several multiple answers given which cast some doubt as to whether or
not the respondents fully understood the question. For instance, most of the
multiple responses included answer "a" as one of the answers, and quite often had
answer "b" or "d" as well, which leads one to question the meaning of word "rent".
The question could be interpreted to mean either "rented to" somebody else, or
"rented from" somebody else. Of course, where multiple answers indicated that the
respondent owned at least one house, it can be assumed that a second property
could be rented to someone else. But it cannot be assumed that those answered
only "b" or "d" did not own the house or condominum, rather than renting it from
someone else. In the case of a multiple answer where home ownership was indicated,
it was tallied as such despite any other answers that may have been indicated.
Regardless of the discrepancies, however, single family home owners were by far
the largest majority of the respondents. Only 0.6% of the respondents did not
answer the question.
SUMMARY
General characteristics of the respondents of the survey can be summed up as
follows: a) the vast majority of respondents live west of the beach road, which is
to be expected because of the concentration of motels on the oceanfront and the
resulting lack of available space there; b) 70% of the respondents were between
40 and 69 years of age; c) a disproportionately large percentage of incomes were
over $40,000 per year; d) 58% of the respondents were retirees and those with
16

professional/technical occupations, with other occupations spread somewhat more
' evenly among the respondents; e) two-thirds of the respondents were non-residents;
and, f) the vast majority indicated home ownership. These characteristics indicate
' two general groups of respondents: 1) the retired or professional, high income,
non-resident second home owner; and 2) the lower income, various occupations, year-
round resident single home owner. The higher income professionals can be assumed
to be non-residents because there simply are not that many professional occupations
in the Kill Devil Hills area. These two groups must be kept in mind when inter-
preting the remainder of the responses in the survey.
When the response where the resident lived was cross -tabulated with the other
five demographic variables, the only significant relationships were with
the income variable and the resident status variable. As income increased, there
' were greater concentrations of home owners closer to the ocean. This is to be
expected as property tends to be more expensive closer to the ocean. Also, there
' were greater concentrations of non-residents near the ocean than residents,
especially non-residents from Virginia.
When the age group variable is crosstabulated with the other variables, it
' was found that a) ages 30 - 69 were concentrated west of the beach road; b) ages
30 - 39 and 60 - 69 had concentrations in the $20,000 - $29,000 and over $50,000
' income groups, and ages 40 - 59 has concentrations in the over $40,000 income
groups; c) ages 50 to over 70 were concentrated in the retired category and
' 30 - 59 age groups were concentrated in professional/technical occupations;
d) concentrations for ages 30 69 were seen for residents of Kill Devil Hills
and non-residents from Virginia. In the income comparison, the lower income
($20,000 - $29,000) 30 - 39 age group are probably year round residents of Kill
Devil Hills and the lower income 60 - 69 age group are most likely retirees.
COMMUNITY ISSUES
' The questions in the remaining sections of the survey will be analyzed in
light of the demographic characteristics previously established. Only the questions
' considered to have noteworthy results will be addressed.
' Question 7 - The majority of the answers either agreed that they had adequate
opportunity to participate in governmental affairs or were neutral on the subject.
Under the demographic variables the only concentration of those who disagreed
' were the non-residents from Virginia. This may be due to the sheer number of
people in this category more than the fact that they are from Virginia. When the
' percentages of each category of non-residents are examined, it is seen that they
are similar indicating that non-residents in general have the highest concentration's
17

of dissatisfaction.
Question 8 - Most were satisfied with the availability of health care in Kill
Devil Hills, but there were some concentrations of dissatisfaction. These were
found in residents of Kill Devil Hills and from those in the 40 - 59 age group.
The $20,000 - $29,999 and over $50,000 income groups also had concentrations.
Question 9 - The only concentration of dissatisfaction with educational
opportunities were with residents of Kill Devil Hills, which was small. This
stands to reason because non-residents do not use the educational facilities and
would not have enough experience on the subject in order to have an informed
opinion.
Question 10 - There was general agreement with satisfaction of population
distribution in Kill Devil Hills, however, there were some concentrations of
dissatisfaction. These concentrations could not be explained by any of the
demographic variables and probably only reflect general differences of opinion
among those who answered. The nature of the question is likely to be too technical
and, at the same time, too vague to receive reliable answers from the general
public.
Question 11 - There was strong disagreement with the idea of supporting
higher taxes to preserve open space across all demographic categories. It can
probably be assumed that a tax increase for any reason would not be well supported.
Question 12 - Attitudes toward existing land distribution in Kill Devil Hills
were somewhat nebulous in that answers were rather evenly distributed across
the answer range with a large percentage taking a neutral stance. This indicates
that many of the respondents did not understand the question or had no opinion.
There were no notable differences in the concentrations of answers when cross -
tabulated with any of the demographic variables.
Question 13 - There was strong dissatisfaction with the existing state of the
streets and highways in Kill Devil Hills across all categories. According to the
responses, this can be considered an issue of primary importance to be addressed
by the municipal government.
Question 14 - There was strong disagreement with the idea of establishing a
one way street system in Kill Devil Hills. It may not have been clear as to
whether the question referred to the connecting streets between the main highways
or to the highways themselves, but this did not seem to make a difference considering
the strength of the negative responses. There was no notable difference in answers
within categories of the different demographic variables.
Question 15 - There was agreement and disagreement on the issue of a community
wide sewage system that is stratified across all categories. No single demographic
W:

variable indicates a reason for the differences in responses.
Question 16 - The responses given either agreed with the idea of annexing the
Colington area or were neutral on the subject. The response patterns were
generally the same across all demographic variables revealing no categorical
differences. It is likely that the subject was not a big issue with the respondents.
Question 17 - There was overwhelming agreement in all demographic categories
to the question of whether impact fees should be charged against developers for
new development in the area. It probably will be assumed from this that the
respondents wish for the developers to be responsible for any adverse impact they
' may have on the community.
Question 18 - There was general agreement as to whether the respondents were
satisfied with the post office facilities in Kill Devil Hills except under the
demographic category of resident status. In this case, there was a notable
concentration of dissatisfaction among the year round residents of the Town.
' This is likely due to non-residents not having to depend or use the postal
facilities to a great degree and, therefore, not having a reason to be dissatisfied.
' Question 19 - There was a large degree of stratification of responses in the
question about overall appearance of the town. There was virtually as much dis-
satisfaction as there was satisfaction throughout all demographic variables, re-
vealing no categorical trends. Responses can be attributed to individual preferences
or possibly some other unknown demographic variable.
' Question 20 - There was general agreement with the idea of using public funds
to provide public shore access in the Town, with the exception of a concentration
' of disagreement in the over $50,000 income group. There may have been some mis-
understanding due to the nature of the question, however, because its results
' directly conflict with the responses toward supporting higher taxes to preserve
open space (question 11). The drastic difference in the results of the two
(relatively similar) questions can probably be attributed to each question's
' respective wording.
Question 21 - The respondents in all demographic categories were generally
' satisfied with the existing evacuation procedures in the town. This is under-
standable in light of the recent successful evacuation in the face of Hurricane
' Gloria in September 1985. The ability for success, however, in the case of a more
severe storm or a storm that will not allow as much time to prepare against remains
' to be seen. This question can most likely be considered a review of the latest
evacuation exercise.
Question 22 - There was general satisfaction expressed throughout all demo-
graphic groups as to the level of services available in the town and agreement
with satisfaction for the Town as a whole. No significant concentrations of dis-
satisfaction were noted.
19

Question 23 - There was general agreement in all demographic categories to-
wards the idea of consolidation of municipal services for the northern Dare beach '
communities. This was most likely perceived as a means to save tax dollars by the
respondents. There were no significant concentrations of disagreement against ,
the proposal.
Question 24 - There was overwhelming disagreement over the idea of changing
the name of Kill Devil Hills to some other name, which seems to be in contrast to '
the answers received for question # 23. If the different municipalities were to
consolidate services it is likely that they would form a single municipality under ,
a single name. In light of the status quo, however, there is a strong desire
among the respondents to keep the current town names. '
Question 25 - The overwhelming response to the options available in this
question were not to allow structures on the oceanfront over five stories in
height. This response was dominant throughout all demographic categories. '
Question 26 - This question proved to be a problem because multiple responses
were not anticipated. In order to be able to use the question at all, the question '
was broken -up and each possible response was treated as a separate question. The
possible answers were then changed to agree if the respondent checked the response, '
or simply no answer if the respondent did not indicate anything. The "no answer"
response, however, cannot be considered as a negative response. If over 25% or '
30% of the respondents checked a particular item in the question, it can be assumed
that there was a fairly good concentration of support for that item. In this question, ,
the only large concentrations of support were in sections 26a (favored the use of
setbacks for oceanfront structures), and 26c (favored the use of private funds for
structural responses). I
Question 27 - In this question, the majority of responses (95.7%) were split
between b) prohibiting beach driving (42.4%), and c) allowing beach driving bet- '
ween September 15 and May 15 each year (53.3%). At least some restrictions on beach
driving were desired by most of the respondents. ,
Question 28 - In this question occurred the same problem as in question 26,
that multiple responses were not provided for. This question had to split apart
in the same manner so that it could be used at all. The sections of this question '
that received significant agreement was the desire for d) playgrounds for children
(36.6% of total), e) bicycle routes (50.2%), f) jogging and walking paths (46.1%), '
and g) parks and/or picnic areas (41.2%).
Question 29 - This question probed further into the consolidation of municipal '
governments issue, but also faced the problem of unanticipated multiple answers.
The first three answers (a,b, and c) were not mutually exclusive so that if more '
than one of them were checked, the tally was placed in the highest ranked question.
20 '

1
The way the responses were worded, answer c) could be included in a) or b), and b)
' and/or c) could be included in a). Therefore, the highest response given was the
one recorded. Answers d) and e) were exclusive of the rest. The majority of the
' responses (75.1%) favored consolidation of services, supporting the results in
question 23.
0
d
21

TOWN OF KILL DEVIL BILLS
Opinion Survey
,
Public
Section
1 Demographic Data:
1.
Where in Kill Devil Bills do you live or own property?
,
( )
east of the beach road (oceanfront)
( )
( )
between the highways
west of U.S. 158 By -Pass
,
2.
Please check the category that indicates your age group.
( )
19 or younger
( )
20-29
'
( )
30-39
( )
40-49
( )
50-59
( )
60-69
( )
70 or greater
'
3.
Please check the category that indicates your income group. (par year)
( )
less than $9.999
'
( )
$10.000-$19.999
( )
$20.000-$29.999
( )
$30.000-$39.999
( )
$40.000-$4*9.999
( )
$50,000 or more
'
4.
Please check the category that best indicates your occupation. '
( )
unemployed
'
( )
retired
( )
government/military
( )
professional/technical
( )
housewife
( )
sales/real estate
( )
construction
( )
fishing
( )
other
5.
Please check the category that indicates the resident status that
'
applies to you.
( )
Year-round resident of Kill Devil Bills
( )
Non-resident property owner from North Carolina
'
( )
Non-resident property owner from Virginia
( )
Non-resident property owner fro■ New York. New Jersey. Maryland,
Washington D.C.. or Pennsylvania
( )
Non-resident property owner from (state)
'
6.
Please check the category that beat describes the residence you
live in or own.
( )
Single family home I own
,
( )
Single family home I rent
( )
Condominium I own
( )
Condominium or apartment I rent
( )
Mobile hose
( )
Time-share
'
( )
Other
(Over Please) I
22 1

Town of Kill Devil Hills
Public Opinion Survey
Page 2
Section 2 Community Issues:
A0.4 Y Y
r • ►. 60 w
R Y Y M O0 R 00
M ►. 1- p : M r
M 00 s0 Y N r M
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 7. I believe I an allowed adequate opportunity
to participate in local governmental and
community affairs.
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) B. I an satisfied with the existing availability
of health care in this community.
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 9. I an satisfied with the educational services
available to our community.
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 10. 1 as satisfied with existing population
distribution and density.
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 11. 1 an willing to support higher taxes to
preserve open space.
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 12. I as satisfied with the existing distribution
of land uses.
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 13. I an satisfied with the streets and highways
in Kill Devil Hills.
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 14. I favor the creation of a one-way street
system between the highways.
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 15. I favor a community -wide sewage treatment
system in Kill Devil Mille.
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 16. I favor the annexation of the Colington area
Into the Town of Kill Devil Hills.
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 17. I favor the use of impact fees on new develop-
■ents to pay for those additional services
generated by each now development.
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 18. I an satisfied with the existing U.S. Post
Offices services for Kill Devil Hills.
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 19. I an satisfied with the appearance of our
community.
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 20. I favor the use of public funds to improve and
open shoreline access. (sound and ocean)
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 21. I feel I will be able to evacuate the island
In adequate time in the event of a major storm.
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 22. I an satisfied with our community and its
services.
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 23. I favor a consolidated form of government for
the northern Dare County beaches.
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 24. I favor a change in the name "Kill Devil Hills"
suggested alternative
23

Town of Kill Devil Hills
Public Opinion Survey
Section 3 Special Issues
25. Which response below best reflects your opinion about the develop -
sent of five (5) or more story structures on the oceanfront:
a.
I favor allowing such structures on the oceanfront.
b.
I do not favor allowing such structures on the oceanfront.
C.
I favor allowing such structures on the oceanfront provided
setbacks designed to insure that open space is proportional
to building heights.
d.
I have no opinion. I don't know.
a.
Other
26.
How
do you think the Town should deal with beach erosion?
A.
I favor the use of setbacks for oceanfront structures;
b.
I favor the use of public funds for structural responses such
as bulkheads. seawalls. breakwaters, or artificial seaweed;
C.
I favor thl use of private funds for structural responeas such
as bulkheads. seawalls. -breakwaters. or artificial seaweed;
d.
I favor the use of public funds for beach nourishaeut bylpusping
or hauling in sand;
e.
Do nothing;
f.
Don't know. no opinion.
27.
Which
response category best reflects your opinion about beach
driving:
a.
I favor allowing beach driving at all times;
b.
I favor prohibiting beach driving;
c.
I favor allowing beach driving only from September 15 - May 15th;
d.
Don't know. no opinion.
28.
Listed
below are several recreation facilities. Please circle any
that
you feel are important enough to be built at public expense:
a.
indoor ball courts
b.
tennis courts
C.
ball fields
d.
playgrounds (for children aged 10 years or less)
e.
bicycle routes
f.
jogging and walking paths
g.
parks and/or picnic areas
h.
golf course
I.
other
29.
Which
of the following responses beat reflects your feelings about
a consolidated
form of government for the northern beach communities
of
Dare County:
a.
I favor consolidating the existing municipalities into one
uniform body of local government.
b.
I favor consolidation of services wherever that is determined
fessable.
C.
I favor non -binding joint purchasing agreements.
d.
I do not favor consolidation in any form.
a.
I don't know. no opinion.
(Over Please)
24

Town of Rill Devil dills
Public Opinion Survey
Page 4
CONKRUTSt In space below pleas• give us your comments and the question
number on which you are commenting. General comment• are
welcome.
Thant you for your cooperation.
25

SECTION IV
EXISTING LAND USE

EXISTING LAND USE IN KILL DEVIL HILLS
The Town of Kill Devil Hills is primarily a residential resort community,
although recent construction trends show movement toward a growing accomodations
and service economy. Each summer the Town's population swells to a seasonal
peak estimated at around 30,000, a substantial increase over the estimated
year-round population of 2,500.
Land Use patterns in Kill Devil Hills reflect the orientation of the
community to the Atlantic shoreline and the economic base provided by tourism.
The immediate oceanfront in Kill Devil Hills provides the setting for a number
of hotels, motels, and condominium projects, most of which were constructed from
1970 - 1980, although some of the older "motor court" motels date back to the
1960's. Since 1980, changes in regulatory policies and amendments to the
Town's Zoning Ordinance have reduced the scale of oceanfront structures and
created a market for residential structures that may be suitable for year-round
living or rented as seasonal accomodations. This oceanfront district is best
defined by Virginia Dare Trail (U.S. 158 Business) popularly referred to as the
"Beach Road", and all land that lies to the east of Virginia Dare Trail.
On the west side of Virginia Dare Trail, a second tier of residential
structures has developed. Due to their proximity to the Atlantic beaches,
there structures have traditionally served as second homes for many of the
Town's seasonal residents. These cottages also provide seasonal accomodations
for tourists when not occupied by the owner.
In the late 1960's and early 1970's, the presence of a second major trans-
portation route, U.S. 158 By -Pass (known locally as Croatan Highway) began to
impact land use in Kill Devil Hills. .By 1974, the Kill Devil Hills Board of
' Commissioners had established a strip of commercial zoning 400' deep on both
the eastern and western borders of the U.S. By -Pass right-of-way. Since that
time, a growing food -service industry has begun to line U.S. 158 By -Pass in
Kill Devil Hills on its southern border. An average daily traffic flow in
excess of 15,000 vehicles per day during the peak seasonal population surge
' has helped establish this section of Kill Devil Hills as the commercial hub
of the Northern Beaches of Dare County. In 1983, the Kill Devil Hills Board
' of Commissioners rezoned the remaining land between U.S. 158 Business and
U.S. 158 By -Pass into a commercial zoning district, removing the land use
27

restrictions that had applied to this formerly residential setting. Today, ,
ample land is available for transition into commercial uses between U.S. 158
Business and U.S. 158 By -Pass at the northern and southern ends of town, with ,
a residential district in the vicinity of the Wright Brothers Monument that is
intended to serve as a residential buffer between the two commercial districts. '
Zoning guidelines in the commercial district also permit multi -family residential
housing at liberal density ratios, providing a setting where the potential for ,
conflict with single family neighborhoods is minimal.
On the western side of U.S. 158 By -Pass, almost the entire length of the '
Town, are several single-family residential subdivisions. These subdivisions
vary in lot size from 5,000 square feet in Avalon Beach, one of the oldest '
subdivisions in Kill Devil Hills, to 15,000 square feet in Wright Woods, the
newest subdivision in Kill Devil Hills. The majority of the Town's year-round '
residents live in one of these subdivisions, all of which are subject to the
Town's most prohibitive zoning classification, RA-6.
28 1

JOf.I2
RESIDENTIAL- SINGLE FAMILY,DUPLEX TOWN OF
® COMMERCIAL
EM COMMERCIAL/RESIDENTIAL, HOTEL/MOTEL-MULTI- RUALY CQTTAGE COURT KILL DEVIL HILLS
® CULTURAL/ RECREATIONAL, CHURCHES, PARKS, BEACH ACCESSES
GOVERMENTAL PUBLIC UTILITIES INDUSTRIAL DARE COUNTY, NORTH CARDLINA
-
UNDEVELOPED LAND USE PLAN UPDATE - JULY,1986
EXISTING LAND USE MAP
i �J
F�,14a - ■ a ■ I
= � 1 �■■ _ n —
�i
N -- 1
I
r
i The preparation of this report was [financed in part khrough a
grant provided by the North Carolina Coastal Management Program
through funds provide& by.the Coastal Zone Management Act of
1972 as amended which -.is administered by the Office of Ocean
and Coastal ResourceManagementof the National Oceanic and i
Atmospherlc Administration.
28A

' Land Classification System
In Conjunction with the Land Use Plan Update, a land classification map has
been established by the Kill Devil Hills Planning Board. This system of land
classifications identifies existing land uses and sets the direction for future
' development. Factors considered in the development of this Land Classification
System and its associated Land Classification Map include the availability of
or potential for services such as water, sewer, and power, the natural conditions
of the land, and the ability of that land to support development without un-
acceptable environmental consequences. Four basic classes of land use have
been identified in Kill Devil Hills, as described below:
1. Developed - Land in this classification provides the setting for the
most intensive levels of development in Kill Devil Hills. Most basic
public services are available in this class and permissable housing
densities and commercial uses are the most liberal available in Kill
' Devil Hills.
' 2. Transition - Land in this classification provides the setting for
future development. Basic public services may already be available in
this class, or can be anticipated within the next five to ten years.
The characteristics of this land make it suitable for future develop-
ment without the potential for the loss of irreplaceable natural re-
sources. In Kill Devil Hills, land in the transition class includes
the Morrison Tract, which lies between First Flight Village and
Wright Woods and the Baum Tract, wich is owned by the Town of Kill
Devil Hills. (See Section VII., B, 20)
' 3. Community - Lands in this classification provide for a mix of low
density housing, shopping, and employment needs and are not serviced
' by off -site wastewater treatment plants. Single family residential
lots of 12-15,000 square feet dominate this land class in Kill Devil
' Hills, with housing densities limited to 9 units per acre. Although
developed past the rural stage, this land class is limited in its
' ability to sustain urban growth by the absence of wastewater treat-
ment.
29

4. Conservation - Lands in this classification have been identified as ,
retaining significant or irreplaceable natural resources, scenic ,
vistas, recreational sites, or cultural values to such a degree that
careful management practices are necessary to insure the long-term '
viability of those resources. Only carefully planned and managed
development is recommended on lands in this class, and often the best
use of land in this class is preservation in a natural state. '
11
30

Population
' One of the most important elements of any land use plan is the population projections
section. Population projections aid in estimates concerning the need for a number
' of services necessary to insure public health and welfare, including but not
limited to, police and fire protection, medical and emergency personal, water and
' sewer, sanitation, education, transportation, and housing.
' The Town of Kill Devil Hills is unique due to the variation between its stable
year-round population and the seasonal population peak. Each year, the actual
population of Kill Devil Hills increases dramatically between the months of May
and September. The year-round population of Kill Devil Hills, as estimated by
the N.C. Office of Budget and Management, was 2,564 as 6f 1986. (source: N.C.
' Office of Budget and Management) Estimates of the seasonal population peak differ
depending on the source of the estimate, but 30,OOO.seems to be a widely accepted
estimate. Because of the transient nature of the seasonal population and the
popularity of time-share and rental cottage accomodations, an exact figure on
the seasonal population is difficult to achieve.
The Town of Kill Devil Hills is fortunate to have a current study available to
' serve as a data base for future population projection. This study, titled
"The Dare County Carrying Capacity Study", has been produced by the Bethesda,
Maryland planning consultant firm Booze, Allen, and Hamilton. This study, which
includes five different reports from the consultants, incorporates data from
the five municipalities in Dare County as well as the remnant portions under
county jurisdiction. Included in the study are three projected population growth
scenarios for Dare County and its five municipal governments. These population
' growth projections reflect three different control "scenarios". The first
scenario reflects a growth rate constrained as much as possible by growth control
' regulations, subdivision standards, impact fees, and the like. The second
scenario assumes a moderate to high growth rate based on market constraints that
' are designed to regulate but not inhibit growth and development. The third
scenario estimates population growth in a free market, where growth constraints
are minimal to none. Each of the growth scenario projections estimate population
through the year 2000.
' This information has been included in the update of the Kill Devil Hills Land Use
Plan as Figure 2. The Kill Devil Hills Planning Board has elected to base growth
31

policies and capital improvement estimates assuming the projections of Population
Growth Scenario II in Table 1 . The choice of Scenario II is due largely to the '
fact that respondents to the public opinion Questionnaire conducted in conjunction
with the Land Use Plan Update indicated general satisfaction with the moderate '
growth policies of the past, and the fact that the Town of Kill Devil Hills has
adopted a number of growth control guidelines that have been accepted by the '
development community as reasonable. (also, see Section VII, B 2, Growth) If
these projections pan out, the year-round (permanent) population of Kill Devil ,
Hills can be expected to increase to about 4,000 by 1991, with a seasonal peak
population of 34,000 and total peak of 38,000 at the height of the tourist ,
season.
1
32 1

A
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FIGURE 2
L
Population Projections Through The Year 2000
Kill Devil Hills *.
SCENARIO I - Restricted Growth
YEAR
PERMANENT
AVERAGE
PEAK
PEAK PLUS PERMANENT
1985-1986
2596
16,524
27,540
30,136
1990-1991
4530
18,970
31,617
36,155
1995-1996
5135
21,463
35,772
40,907
2000-2001
5810
24,284
40,473
46,283
SCENARIO II - Moderate Growth Restrictions
YEAR
PERMANENT
AVERAGE
PEAK
PEAK PLUS PERMANENT
1985-1986
2596
16,524
27,540
30,136
1990-1991
4030
20,494
34,156
38,186
1995-1996
6312
25,174
41,957
48,268
2000-2001 8447 30,628 51,047 59,494
SCENARIO III - Free Market
(unrestricted)
YEAR
PERMANENT
AVERAGE
PEAK
PEAK PLUS PERMANENT
1985-1986
2596
16,524
27,540
30,136
1990-1991
4825
20,079
36,507
41,332
1995-1996
8275
27,125
49,317
57,592
2000-2001
12,732
36,299
65,996
78,730
I*Source: Dare County Carrying Capacity Study - Booze, Allen, Hamilton
33

Housing and Accomodations I
The housing base in Kill Devil Hills can be broken down into three main categories,
as follows: '
1) Single-family detached residential structures. '
2) Apartments/condominiums/multi-family structures.
3) Hotel and Motel rooms and suites. '
As was the case in the preceeding section on Population, the Town of Kill Devil '
Hills has recently been analyzed by the development consultant firm Booze, Allen
and Hamilton for the purpose of identifying future housing trends. The results
of this work are included in the Service Requirement and Development Options Report '
of the Dare County Carrying Capacity Study. Exhibit IV-Z of that report lends
considerable insight concerning housing and accomodations in Kill Devil Hills, '
as indicated below:
'
Kill Devil Hills Housing & Accomodations 85-8 6
Single -Family Hotel Rooms Apartments and Condos '
3,000 1,006 402
Housing and accomodations development throughout Dare County, including the
municipality of Kill Devil Hills, is projected through the year 2000 in this study '
based on three growth rate "scenarios". Under Scenario #1, growth would be re-
stricted to the greatest possible degree by land use, zoning, and other controls. '
Under Scenario #2, growth would be guided by a moderate level of restrictions,
and under Scenario #3, no restrictions would apply and only free market forces I
would drive the growth rate.
As a part of the update of the Kill Devil Hills Land Use Plan, the Kill Devil Hills '
Planning Board has adopted Scenario #2 and its associated projections. The
changes to the housing and accomodations stack of the Town of Kill Devil Hills, '
based on the moderate restrictions of growth Scenario #2, are as projected below:
1990-1991
Single Family Hotel/Motel Multi -Family '
4,058 1,672 836
34 '

Single Family
5,550
1995-1996*
Hotel/Motel
2,275
Multi -Family
1,551
If these projections come to pass, the Town of Kill Devil Hills should maintain
its identity as primarily a family oriented resort -residential community with
accomodations and services for a seasonal population each summer.
*Source: Service Requirement and Development Options, Dare County Carrying
Capacity Study, Booze, Allen, and Hamilton Inc., 7315 Wisconsin Ave.,
Bethesda, Maryland.
35

SECTION V
EXISTING PLANS, REGULATIONS, AND '
GROWTH MANAGEMENT ORDINANCES I
7
U
36 1

MEMORANDUM
TO: Planning and Special Issues Committee
FROM: Stephen Gabriel
SUBJECT: LAND USE PLAN AMENDMENT: KILL DEVIL HILLS
DATE: July 1, 1991
Over the last few years, the Town of Kill Devil Hills has
utilized LAMA local planning and management grants to conduct
planning studies in three special purpose areas: stormwater
management, recreational facilities, and shoreline access. The
Recreational Facilities. Plan (adopted 1989) is a new plan for the
Town while the Stormwater .Management Plan (adopted 1988) and
Shoreline Access Plan (adopted 1990) are updates of older
versions of the same plans.
The three special purpose plans contain inventories and
evaluations of existing facilities and new schedules for
improvements including project components, cost estimates and
priorities. As such, each plan reflects the Town's commitment to
certain levels of service -in each subject area over the next
several years.
All three plans have been adopted since the Town's current
land use plan was certified on September 25, 1987. The amendment
language will .update the Town's land use plan making the
new/updated version of each plan the particular special purpose
plan of record.
The Kill Devil Hills Board of Commissioners conducted a
public hearing on the amendment on June 10, 1991 and adopted it
as proposed at its meeting June 26, 1991. Staff recommends CRC
certification.

V. Existing Plans, Regulations, and Management Ordinances
The Town of Kill Devil Hills, a municipality incorporated in 1953, use the
police power vested in the Board of Commissioners to enforce a number of growth
management guidelines, as listed below:
1. Subdivision of Land - Chapter 18 of the Kill Devil Hills Town Code
provides guidelines for the subdivision or recombination of parcels
of land in Kill Devil Hills. Minimum standards for subdivision plat
preparation, review, and recordation are set forth in this chapter.
(See Kill Devil Hills Town Code, Chapter 18)
2. Zoning Chapter 20 of ,the Kill -Devil Hills Town Codes provides local
guidelines for land use through the establishment of Zoning Districts.
Permitted and prohibited uses for each Zoning District are defined in
this chapter, as are minimum lot sizes, maximum building heights, pop-
ulation density ratios:,_ minimum -yard setbacks, and other appropriate
guidelines. (See Kill Devil Hills Town Code, Chapter 20)
3. Storm Water Management and Drainage - In 1982, the Town of Kill Devil
Hills, with funding assistance from the N.C. Division of Coastal
Management, contracted the services of McDowell and Associates to
identify storm water management problem areas throughout the Town and
to develop a management plan to deal with those problem areas. The
resulting document, A Storm Water Management Plan for the Town of
Kill Devil Hills, North Carolina identifies several drainage basins
that need improvements in order to provide surface drainage.
Specifications for culvert length and width, easement routes, and
outfall termination points are included in this plan. Implementation
is ongoing with improvements provided by the private sector in con-
_ iunction with the Town's site plan review process for new development.
The 1982 plan was updated in August 1988 by the
,N 1988 Stormwater Management Plan which documents
the implementation of the 1982 plan, updates
recommendations and provides new schedules for
improvements.
4. Shoreline Access Plan - In 1979, the Kill Devil Hills Board of
Commissioners, with funding assistance from the N.C. Division of
Coastal Management, contracted with the Albemarle Regional Planning
and Development Commission for the preparation of a shoreline access
master plan. That plan, A Shoreline Access Plan for the Town of
Kill Devil Hills, was completed in August of 1979 Included I the
plan is an inventory of accessways, a model parking access design,
and a prioritized list of potential regional, neighborhood, and local
access sites. - .
The 1979 plan was updated in August 1990 by the
1990 Shoreline Access Plan which documents the
N 9- W � implementation of the 1979 plan, updates the model
access, and provides new schedules for
improvements.
5. Recreational Facilities Plan - In 1989 the Town
Of Kill Devil Hills, with funding assistance from
�the N.C. Division of Coastal Management,
contracted with W. C. Overman and Associates to
provide a plan for recreational facilities. The
report inventories existing facilities, and
provides recommendations with priorities and cost
estimates to fulfill the goal of providing or
supporting a variety of active and passive
recreational facilities for residents of all age
groups..
ER

V. Existing
Plans, Regulations, and Management Ordinances
'
The Town
of Kill Devil Hills, a municipality incorporated in 1953, uses the
police power vested in the Board of Commissioners to enforce a number of growth
management guidelines, as listed below:
1.
Subdivision of Land Chapter 18 of the Kill Devil Hills Town Code
provides guidelines for the subdivision or recombination of parcels
of land in Kill Devil Hills. Minimum standards for subdivision plat
'
preparation, review, and recordation are set forth in this chapter.
(See Kill Devil Hills Town Code, Chapter 18)
'
2.
Zoning - Chapter 20 of the Kill Devil Hills Town Codes provides local
guidelines for land use through the establishment of Zoning Districts.
Permitted and prohibited uses for each Zoning District are defined in
'
this chapter, as are minimum lot sizes, maximum building heights, pop-
ulation density ratios, minimum yard setbacks, and other appropriate
guidelines. (See Kill Devil Hills Town Code, Chapter 20)
'
3.
Storm Water Management and Drainage - In 1982, the Town of Kill Devil
Hills, with funding assistance.from the N.C. Division of Coastal
Management, contracted the services of McDowell and Associates to
'
identify storm water management problem areas throughout the Town and
to develop a management plan to deal.with those problem areas. The
resulting document, A Storm.Water Management Plan for the Town of
'
Kill Devil Hills, North Carolina identifies several drainage basins
that need improvements in order to provide surface drainage.
Specifications for culvert length and width, easement routes, and
outfall termination points are included in this plan. Implementation
'
is ongoing with improvements provided by the private sector in con-
junction with the Town's site plan review process for new development.
(See A Storm Water Management Plan for the Town of Kill Devil Hills,
'
North Carolina, McDowell and Associates, P.O. Box 391, Elizabeth City,
N.C. 27909)
4.
Shoreline Access Plan - In 1979, the Kill Devil Hills Board of
Commissioners, with funding assistance from the N.C. Division of
Coastal Management, contracted with the Albemarle Regional Planning
and Development Commission for the preparation of a shoreline access
master plan. That plan, A Shoreline Access Plan for the Town of
Kill Devil Hills, was completed in August of 1979. Included in the
plan is an inventory of accessways, a model parking access design,
'
and a prioritized list of potential regional, neighborhood, and local
access sites. This plan is currently in the sixth year of implement-
ation, with one regional site and several neighborhood sites already
established and additional sites -scheduled for improvement. (See
'
A Shoreline Access Plan for the Town of Kill Devil Hills, Albemarle:
Commission, Hertford, N.C.)
'
S.
Site Plan Review - In 1982, the Kill Devil Hills Board of Commissioners
amended Chapter 20 of the Kill Devil Hills Town Code to require the
submission of site plans for all commercial development projects and
all multi -family residential development projects in excess of a
'
quadraplex. This amendment to the Town Code also established a two-
tier approval process that required review and recommendation by
37

Existing Plans, Regulations, and Management Ordinances
Page -2-
5. the Town's Planning Board and approval for construction by the Board
of Commissioners. This ordinance also defined minimum standards for '
site plan preparation, a review time clock, and a coordinated state -
local permit process.
Summary
As detailed above, in the five year period
from 1980-1985, the
Town of Kill
Devil Hills either established or began to
implement several growth management
,
and control mechanisms, and in conjunction,
established for the
first time a
full-time Department of Planning and Development
consisting of
a Planning
Director, two Building Inspectors, a.Zoning
Administrator, and
a Secretary/
'
Receptionist. The implementation of these
planning ordinances
continues.
I
I
L -7
38 1

ZONING IN KILL DEVIL HILLS
In 1974, the Kill Devil Hills Board of Commissioners adopted the Town's
Zoning Ordinance and Offical Zoning Map. Since that time, the text of the zoning
ordinance has been amended and changes to the zoning map have been recorded to
reflect a three tier approach to land use in Kill Devil Hills.
The two major transportation routes serving the town, U.S. 158 Business
(Virginia Dare Trail) and U.S. 158 By -Pass (Croatan Hwy.), were the primary
' factors influencing the development of the Town's three tier approach to zoning.
These two highways have become borders that identify patterns of land use and
' geographic subregions. These subregions and their respective zoning districts
are briefly described below (see Zoning Map - p. 40A)
1. Oceanfront Region - This region includes all land use east of U.S.
158 Business (Virginia Dare Trail) and comprises the Ocean Impact
Residential (OIR) Zoning District. This zoning district, created in
1985, is designed to provide a residential setting for seasonal
accomodations and upscale year-round living. Housing densities and
building heights are restricted in an effort to discourage the
location of high-rise bulk immovable structures along the immediate
shoreline. As the name itself indicates, the Ocean Impact Residential
Zoning District is a special sub -region with unique constraints associ-
ated primarily with its proximity to the Atlantic Ocean and its public
beaches.
2. Commercial District - This region includes all land use west of U.S.
158 Business to 400 feet across the west side of U.S. 158 By -Pass.
More simply said, the majority of this land lies between the two high-
ways on the northern and southern borders of the town and is buffered
by a residential district in the immediate proximity of the Wright
Brothers National Memorial. This zoning district represents the
Town's "highest and best use" district, where a variety of compatable
commercial and residential uses are permitted. Housing densities and
maximum building height limitation are considerably more liberal in
this zoning district, primarly to encourage bulk immovable structures
to locate in a setting less vulnerable to the forces of the Atlantic
Ocean. This sub -region is also designed to provide the base for two
39

2. central accomodations and service districts that have begun to emerge '
in Kill Devil Hills. This land is zoned "Business" (B) on Map 3 (p. 40A).
'
3. Residential Zoning District RA-6 - This region is designed to provide
a setting for single-family residential structures and low density
multi -family development as a conditional use. Generally speaking,
,
this land lies west of U.S. 158 By -Pass (Croatan Highway) and between
the two highways in proximity to the Wright Brothers National Memorial.
'
Most of this land has already been platted into a number of subdivisions
that reflect a variety of minimum lot sizes that have evolved in con-
,
junction with prescribed minimums for the use of septic tank and
gravity induced nitrification drainfield wastewater treatment systems.
,
The majority of the Town's year-round population lives in this sub-
region.
In additon to the zoning districts identified above, the Town of Kill
Devil Hills also includes a Light Industrial Zoning District designed primarily
'
for the storage of dry goods and bulk adjacent to the Fresh Water Pond, where
environmental constraints prohibit the use of septic tank wastewater systems.
,
In summary, the Town of Kill Devil Hills has been divided into three distinct
geographical sub -regions with associated zoning districts. The oceanfront and '
west -side regions are subject to rather strict development guidelines'. The
central or "Business" district provides a setting where a wider range of uses '
are permitted and where land use guidelines are considerably more liberal than
elsewhere in Town. '
40 1

I�
r
TOWN OF
KILL DEVIL HILLS
1 roaell _ DARE COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
Jei'A!2
LAND USE PLAN UPDATE - JULY, 1986
I
AMENDED ZONING MAP
I _ eolL►v>er orlrl / ��\
_ REVISED OECEMBER, 1985
\ �N RA-5 COMMERCIAL/RESIDENTIAL
RA-6 RESIDENTIAL
� LB-1 LIMITED BUSINESS
1 � I
\ \
LB-2 LIMITED BUSINESS
VIII
LI LIGHT INDUSTRIAL
—�1'• �• \ C\ I _ LI-2 LIGHT INDUSTRIAL ZONE n
--cam,
G and I �" \ it :Ii�' C IIiI /pX! OlR
t \ \ / I �, ,�� Bq� OCEAN IMPACT RESIDENTIAL
—� C \ B B BUSINESS
� G and I GOVERNMENT and INSTITUTI(
ed
fi
__� 7
_ ✓ l�� ?"j1H� \. - \ �SYRR!�9� f���-�4.r-_—.a.-,-�..�� +�T�' _�� ��_ __ r+. _�r.�—.
�..
ziE
s
_�T=1.— a.
+- Ir1i' I W L� I
IiIIlia il
i) . Iii in!,Ii111
! , �--`'�:L;' - ,i•.;_.- III,i I�ul �``."`,�',, Cy � 1 � ) l�l['IA--
' The preparation of this re ort was financed In part- t6rougt
grant providedby the North Carolina Coastal Management pre
RA —C A71.O.171C through funds provided by the Coastal Zone Management Act c
N J ocel.OA 1972 as amended which is administered by the Office of Ocea
and Coastal Resource Management of the National Oceanic and
-, I A9lA.I91ce - - Atmospheric Administration.
I OPlA.1
4CI

SECTION VI
LAND USE CONSTRAINTS
I
41

NATURAL ENVIRONMENT
Soils
Soils are a natural resource whose properties greatly influence how people
use the land. Soil analyses indicate hazardous areas which development should
avoid or modify. Certain soil types indicate periodic storm flooding in low-
lying soundside locations. Other soil types are associated with a high seasonal
water table which can make an area unsuitable or unwise for year-round habitation.
The load -bearing capacity of different soils is also important due to the number
of structures that are built on pilings in Kill Devil Hills; the depth to which
these pilings are driven must be determined through an examination of sub -soil
properties to ensure the reliability of the piling foundation.
Current trends show that all of the soils in Kill Devil Hills can be modified
to accomodate development, but environmental and monetary costs can sometimes
be prohibitive. The costs of improperly planned soil modifications is borne not
only by the developer, but also by the public since misuse of the land can lead
to severe environmental problems for the entire community. Therefore, it is
desirable to recognize the limitations of certain soils and to evaluate their
potential or suitability for septic tanks, landfills, waste disposal, residential
development, industrial development, recreation, and roads.
The following table, derived from the U.S. Soil Conservation Service's
Soil Survey of the Outer Banks, shows the different types of soil in Kill Devil
Hills, their depth to the water table, and the severity of their limitations
for purposes of development.
Soil Unit
Depth to
Water Table
Limitations
Rating
,
Beach-Foredune Association
Corolla fine sand
0-3.0'
1.5-3.0'
Severe
Severe
,
Corolla fine sand, forested
1.5-3.0'
Severe
Corolla-Duckston complex
1.0-3.0'
Severe
Duckston fine sand, forested
1.0-3.0'
Severe
'
Fripp fine sand
6.0'
Severe
Madeland
3.0'
Severe
Currituck soils
0-3.0'
Severe
Conaby soils
0-1.0'
Severe
'
Duneland
6.0'
Severe
Newhan fine sand
6.0'
Slight
Newhan-Corolla complex
7.0'
Slight
Duneland-Newhan complex
6.0'
Slight
Newhan-Urban
6.0'
Slight

' Soils cont.
Soil limitation ratings refer to the soil's capacity to support dwellings,
' streets, and septic tank fields. The attached soils map shows the extent of
those soils which have limitations for development. A rating of "slight" means
that the soil's chemical and physical properties are generally favorable for
' these uses or that any limitations are minor and easy to overcome. A rating
of "severe" does not preclude possible development; however, any unfavorable
conditions must be overcome by appropriate land development techniques. In
all cases, "slight" and "severe", on -site investigations of the soil are necessary
for the proper design and placement of buildings, foundations, roads, utility
lines, and septic systems.
' In rating a soil for any limitations for dwellings, emphasis on its load -
bearing capacity (for holding the foundation), slope, susceptibility to flooding,
depth to seasonal high water table, and other hydrologic conditions. In rating
' a soil for limitations for roads, emphasis falls on its susceptibility to
flooding, depth to seasonal high water table, texture, drainage, and ease of
hauling and loading. In rating a soil for any limitations for septic tank filter
fields, emphasis falls on its permeability, susceptibility to flooding, depth
to water table, and slope.
The on -site disposal of septic tank effluent is a common soils problem
' throughout Kill Devil Hills. Many poorly drained and/or impermeable soils in
the area are severely limited in their ability to accomodate septic tank effluent
in a safe and sanitary manner. In some dry soils, such as dune sand, the soil
' is too permeable to accommodate effluent, leading to the potential for the pollution
of ground waters and adjacent estuarine waters. When local officals know these
' problems exist, they can deal with them by adopting appropriate requirements for
development, such as minimum lot sizes or centralized sewage treatment and dis-
posal systems. Then, proper technical adjustments and innovations can often make
development environmentally acceptable.
' Recognizing the potential for groundwater pollution due to the proliforation
of septic tank systems in Kill Devil Hills, the Town of Kill Devil Hills was
one of four coastal North Carolina communities selected for study by the United
' States Environmental Protection Agency concerning groundwater quality. This
study, known as "The Impacts of Wastewater Disposal Practices on the Hydrogeology
' of the North Carolina Barrier Islands", established a number of test wells through-
out Kill Devil Hills. Groundwater samples were taken quarterly and analyzed for
' the presense of a number of contaminates that could be traced to septic tank
origins. Briefly summarized, the results of this study indicate that at present
' population density, levels of groundwater contamination due to septic tank effluent
43

Soils cont.
acceptable parameters as established b the EPA. The Town of '
have not exceeded p p Y
Kill Devil Hills and the Dare County Health Department have assumed responsibility '
for the monitoring wells now that the study has been completed and periodic
sampling will continue. (See - "The Impacts of Wastewater Disposal Practices on '
the Hydrogeology of the North Carolina Barrier Islands - Final Report", Applied
Biology, Inc., 641 Dekalb Industrial Way, Decatur, Georgia 330033 and "Environmental
Impact Statement - North Carolina Barrier Islands Wastewater Management", United '
States Environmental Protection Agency, Region 4,345 Courtland Street, N.E.,
Atlanta, Georgia 30365., July 1985) '
I
1
44 1

7
U
Areas of Environmental Concern
Under the Coastal Area Management Act, North Carolina's Coastal Resources
Commission (CRC) has designed a number of areas of environmental concern (AEC's)
in order to protect the state's valuable natural resources. The Town of Kill
Devil Hills contains seven types of AEC's in three categories:
Estuarine System AEC's
1. Estuarine Waters
2. Coastal Wetlands
3. Public Trust Areas
4. Estuarine Shorelines
Ocean Hazard AEC's
5. Ocean Erodible Areas
6. High Hazard Flood Areas
Public Water Supply AEC's
7. Fresh Pond
These AECs are roughly indicated on the AEC Map; their exact location and extent
are determined by on -site inspections.
Estuarine System AEC's
The lands and waters of the estuarine system possess economic and biological
values for the Town of Kill Devil Hills and the State of North Carolina. These
lands and waters are interdependent and should be managed as a unit. In an
effort to maintain the productivity of the estuarine system, the CRC has designated
individual components of it as AECs and adopted guidelines for their use. These
components are the estuarine waters, coastal wetlands, public trust areas, and
estuarine shorelines. All of these AEC's are found within the Town of Kill Devil
Hills.
The estuarine waters AEC includes all waters of the State's bays, sounds,
and streams seaward of the dividing line between coastal fishing waters and in-
land fishing waters. In the Town of Kill Devil Hills, the estuarine waters AEC
includes Kitty Hawk Bay, Buzzard Bay, and the streams draining into them (see map).
The coastal wetlands AEC includes any salt marsh or other marsh subject to
regular or occasional flooding by tides (whether or not the tidal waters reach
the wetlands through natural or artificial watercourses). Coastal wetlands are
important because they produce nutrients which serve as the primary food source
for various species of fish and shellfish. The dense vegetation and root net-
works of the coastal wetlands also help retard shoreline erosion and trap sediments
before they reach the estuarine waters. Extensive wetlands line Buzzard Bay and
Kitty Hawk Bay (see map).
45

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' The public trust AEC includes (1) all waters of the Atlantic Ocean and the
lands thereunder from the mean high water mark to the seaward limit of state
jurisdiction, (2) all other bodies of water subject to lunar tides (and the lands
' thereunder) below the mean high water level, (3) all waters in artificially created
bodies of water containing significant public fishing resources or other resources
' which are accessible to the public by navigation from bodies of water in which
the public has rights of navigation, and (4) all waters in artificially created
' bodies of water in which the public has acquired rights by prescription, custom,
usage, dedication, or any other means. In the Town of Kill Devil Hills, the public
' trust AEC covers the waters and submerged lands of the Atlantic Ocean, Buzzard
Bay and Kitty Hawk Bay.
The estuarine shoreline AEC covers non -ocean shorelines, which are typically
' subject to erosion, flooding, and other adverse effects of wind and water.
Though the estuarine shorelines are typically dry land, because of their proximity
' to estuarine waters they are considered to be connected to the estuary.
Development along the estuarine shoreline can have a strong effect on the quality
' of estuarine waters, coastal wetlands, and their ability to sustain their economic
and biological productivity. As defined by the CRC, the estuarine shoreline AEC
extends from the mean high water level (or normal water level) along the estuarine
' waters AEC to a line 75 feet landward. In the Town of Kill Devil Hills, the
estuarine shoreline AEC includes the entire shoreline along Buzzard Bay and
' Kitty Hawk Bay (see map).
' Ocean Hazard AECs:
The Atlantic shoreline is periodically subjected to erosion and other adverse
effects of wind and water. Ocean hazard AEC's include beaches, frontal dunes,
' inlet lands, and other areas in which geologic, vegetative, and soil conditions
indicate a substantial possibility of erosion or flooding. Incompatible or
poorly positioned development within these areas may create the potential for
danger to life and property. In the Town of Kill Devil Hills, there are two
' types of ocean hazard AECs: ocean erodible areas and high hazard flood areas.
The ocean erodible AEC includes that area in which there exists a sub-
stantial possibility of significant erosion and shoreline fluctuation. The
seaward boundary of this area is the mean low water line. The landward boundary
' of this area is determined as a combination of:
1. A distance landward from the first line of stable natural vegetation to
the recession line established by multiplying the long-term annual
erosion rate, as most recently determined by the CRC, by 30. Where
there has been no long-term erosion or the rate is less than two feet
46

' 1. per year, this line is 60 feet landward from the first line of stable
natural vegetation; plus
2. The distance landward from the above recession line to a second recession
' line that would be generated by a storm having a one -percent chance of
being cequaled or exceeded in any given year.
' In the Town of Kill Devil Hills, the ocean erodible AEC covers the entire Atlantic
shoreline.
The high hazard flood AEC is the oceanfront area subject to flooding and
high velocity waters (including wave wash) in a storm having a one -percent.
chance of being equalled or exceeded in any given year, and indicated as Zones
' V1-V30 (known as "V zones") on the flood insurance rate maps (FIRM) established
by the Federal Insurance Administration.
Current Policies Regarding AEC's:
' The Coastal Area Management Act includes guidelines coverning uses of and
development in areas of environmental concern, with separate guidelines for the
different categories of AEC designated by the Coastal Resouces Commission.
' These guidelines are as follows:
In estuarine waters AECs, the highest priority of use is the conservation
of estuarine waters. Secondary priority rests with those types of development
that require access to the water and cannot function elsewhere; such development
' includes navigation channels, simple access channels, erosion control structures,
boat docks, marinas, piers, wharves, and mooring pilings.
' Similarly, in coastal wetland AECs, the use with the highest priority is
the conservation of the wetland, with secondary priority going to water -
dependent activities. Uses which are unacceptable in coastal wetland AECs
' include, but are not limited to, restaurants, homes, hotels and motels,
trailer parks, parking lots, private roads and highways, and manufacturing
' plants. Acceptable uses include utility easements, fishing piers, docks, and
agricultural uses as permitted under North Carolina's Dredge and Fill Act and
other applicable laws.
In public trust AECs, no use is allowed which significantly interferes
' with the public's right of navigation or other public rights which exist there.
Uses that may be acceptable within public trust AECs, provided that they will
not be detrimental to public trust rights and the biological and physical functions
' of the estuary or ocean, include the development of navigational channels and
drainage ditches, the use of bulkheads to control erosion, and the construction
' of piers, wharves, and marinas. Uses that are not acceptable in public trust
AECs are those which would directly or indirectly impair or block existing
' 47

navigation channels, increase shoreline erosion, deposit spoils below mean high
tide, create adverse water circulation patterns, violate water quality standards, '
or degrade shellfish waters and beds.
In estuarine shoreline AECs, no uses are absolutely prohibited. However, '
any development that occurs within the estuarine shoreline AEC is to be
compatible with both the dynamic nature of estuarine shorelines and the economic '
and biological productivity of the estuarine system.
In ocean erodible AECs and high hazard flood AECs, the CRC's guidelines
carry out their mission of protecting the line of oceanfront sand dunes by '
enforcing the oceanfront setback lines, keeping structures behind the crests
of frontal and primary dunes, and prohibiting the relocation or removal of '
these dunes and their vegetation. The guidelines for these areas include
standards for construction to be designed and located to minimize damage due '
to fluctuations in ground elevation and wave action in astorm that has a one -
percent probability of being equalled or exceeded in any given year. '
In the Public Water Supply AEC, the use of underground septic tank and drain -
field wastewater systems is prohibited within a 500' perimeter of the high water
mark of the Fresh Water Pond. Between 500' and 1,200', septic tank systems are '
limited to a capacity not greater then the equivalent of a four -bedroom single-
family residence and must include a land area of at least 40,000 square feet. ,
In addition, all land clearing, grading, surfacing, and other land disturbing
activities within 1,200'of the Fresh Pond AEC must conform with the guidelines '
of the N.C. Sedimentation and Pollution Control Act of 1973 and the N.C.
Coastal Area Management Act of 1974, where applicable. I
48 1

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1
' SECTION VII
' POLICIES AND IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGIES
49

A. Resource Protection and Management
50 1

' CONSTRAINTS TO DEVELOPMENT
' Policies Considered
(1) Continue existing policies; (2) Modify existing policies based on new information.
' Much of the 1980 Land Use Plan focused on environmental constraints, most of which
have come to be regulated by one or several state, local, or federal regulatory
' agencies, as follows:
a) Wetland and Coastal Marsh - U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and N.C. Cosatal
Resources Commission
b) Floods - Federal Emergency Management Agency, Flood Insurance Administration
c) Soils - Dare County Health Department
' d) Water Quality - N.C. Division of Environmental Management
' e) Coastal Dunes - N.C. Coastal Resources Commission
f) Fresh Pond Watershed N.C. Coastal Resources Commission and Dare County
Health Department
Each of these environmental constraints are the subject of various administrative
' codes and guidelines. The only environmental issue that could be identified that
is not subject to any such regulations were non -coastal dunes or inland sandhills.
' In addition to the environmental constraints identified above, the economic cost
' of infrastructure improvements and the service delivery demand associated -with .a
strong growth rate was also considered to be a constraint to growth.
' Policy Selected
The Town of Kill Devil Hills supports those regulatory programs currently operational
to deal with environmental constraints provided local government has the right to
review any proposed modifications to those programs and guidelines, and generally
supports a "pay as you go" policy for infrastructure improvements and service delivery
' facilities through the use of impact fees, user fees, and any funding sources
other than ad valorum taxes to finance such improvements.
51

Constraints to Development
'
Const ment p
Implementation Strategy ,
Continue to levy impact fees on new development as may be necessary to provide '
infrastructure and service delivery improvements to accomodate new development,
implement facility fees as authorized by N.C. General Assembly, support any other '
such revenue measures as may be proposed.
52

SHORELINE EROSION
Policies Considered
(1) Continue current policy (2) modify current policy to reflect new
conditions, information, or opinions.
Discussion
The Town's policy on shoreline erosion in 1980, which opposed the expenditure
' of public or private funds in an attempt to stabilize the ocean beaches generated
considerable controversy in 1982 when several oceanfront homes were lost due to
' heavy seas and one bulk immovable structures became imminently endangered. Permits
for erosion control structures were denied based on the Town's restrictive policies,
' which at that time were more restrictive than the State of North Carolina's guide-
lines. After several meetings, workshops, and public hearings, the Town's policy
on shoreline erosion was amended. A number of structural and non-structural re-
sponses to shoreline erosion were included in the amended policy. A question con-
cerning shoreline erosion policy was included in the public survey distributed in
conjunction with the 1986 Land Use Plan Update. Respondents to the survey favored
setbacks as the preferable non-structural response and privately funded structural
' responses such as bulkheads, seawalls, and breakwaters as the preferable structural
response. A "do nothing" or "let them fall in" response was not popularly received.
Policy Selected
' Continue the policy on shoreline erosion established in 1982, as follows:
The Town of Kill Devil Hills favors long term efforts to maintain and enhance
' the public trust beach through the funding of a beach nourishment project using
federal, state, and local funds, favors non-structural responses to erosion such
' as relocation and/or acquistion of existing endangered structures, setbacks for
new construction, and the use of structural stabilization techniques such as off-
shore breakwaters, artificial seaweed, sandbag bulkheads, and similar devices as
may be necessary as interim temporary remedial action to protect property en-
dangered due to erosion so severe that non-structural responses are impractical
or ineffective. It is the Town's position that individual property owners
should bear the cost of site specific protection measures.
' Implementation Strategy
gY
Continue to enforce the CAMA minor permit program and authorize permits
consistant with the policy indicated above.
53

Duneplowing, Revegetation, and Estuarine Bulk Heads
Policies Considered
(1) Continue the policies established in the 1980 Land Use Plan; (2) Add
language concerning non -coastal dunes to the 1980 language.. (3) Further
modify or revise policy positions on this issue set as may be the
pleasure of the Board to reflect new conditions or information.
Discussion
This issue set has not generated a great deal of controversy in Kill Devil Hills,
particularly since properly aligned and constructed estuarine bulkheads have proven
successful in stabilizing the sound shore. Concern has been noted, however, that
sandhill formations (refered to herein as "non=coastal dunes") that occur outside
the area of Environmental Concern jurisdiction of the Coastal Area Management Act
(CAMA) have been the subject of adverse alteration activities and need local
protection guidelines. The reconstruction and revegetation of sand dunes continues
to be viewed in a positive light.
Policy Selected
The Town encourages the construction and revegetation of sand dunes, supports the
continued construction of properly permitted estuarine bulkheads, and is opposed
to the destruction, degradation, or mining of inland dunes not subject to CAMA
guidelines.
Implementation Strategy
Continuation of the Town's Implementation and Enforcement Agreement with the
Department of Natural Resources and Community Development for enforcement of
CAMA guidelines and the adoption of a local dune protection ordinance.
54

ICommercial and Recreational Fishing, Off -Road Vehicles
' Policies Considered
(1) Continue 1980 Land Use Plan Policy favoring seasonal restrictions on
beach driving (2) Modify policy to reflect new information or conditions.
Discussion
As a part of the update process for the 1986 Land Use Plan, a question designed to
' measure public opinion on this issue was included in the special issues section of
the survey questionnaire phase of the update. The results of the survey showed the
citizens of Kill Devil Hills to be almost evenly divided between those who favored
a continuation of the current policy of restricting beach driving only from May 15-
September 15 and those who favored an outright ban on beach driving at any time.
Concern was also noted that during the period of time when unrestricted beach
driving is allowed, several "near miss" situations have occurred where sunbathers
' on the low side of a deep beach "cusp" have almost been crushed by off -road vehicles.
The need to regulate where ORV's move along the beach to reduce the potential for
' accidents was identified. It was agreed that a decal permit program was the best
way to inform ORV drivers of rules to be followed.
Policy Selected
' The Town favors seasonal restrictions on beach driving and the implementation of
a permit system for beach driving. The Town is opposed to government regulation
of conflicting or competing ocean uses, particularly fishing.
' Implementation Strategy
Continue to use the local police power to enforce beach driving restrictions, estab-
lish a local permit process for registration of off -road vehicles.
55

Agricultural, Forestry, and Industrial Uses
Policies Considered
(1) Continue the policies established in the 1980 Land Use Plan; (2)
Amend the policy in this section to reflect new conditions or in-
formation.
Tli crrnccinn
At the present time, there is only minimal potential for industrial or agricultural
land use in Kill Devil Hills, due largely to the fact that a variety of other land
uses offer a much higher return on investment. There is, however, the potential
that a service or storage "oriented light industrial economy might develop in Kill
Devil Hills as a result of its location as the geographical midpoint of the
northern beaches. A light industrial zoning district designed primarily for dry
storage and break in bulk distribution has recently been established by the
Board of Commissioners in anticipation of this market. That part of Kill Devil
Hills known as "Nags Head Woods" is currently held by a private non-profit
environmental protection group and although the potential for commercial forestry
exists in Kill Devil Hills, it is not likely to occur as long as this land is
controlled by preservation groups. Tourism is and will continue to be the main
industry in Kill Devil Hills.
Policy Selected
The Town is favorable to the development of environmentally compatable light
industry, is opposed to commercial forestry in Kill Devil Hills, has identified
tourism as its main industry, and recommends that state and federal agencies
also recognize tourism as an industry.
Implementation Strategy
The Town will use the site plan review process of Section 20-66 of the Town Code
to evaluate proposed industrial development projects and continue its efforts to
convince the State of North Carolina and the U.S. federal government to recognize
tourism as an industry.
56

AEC's and CRC Policies
Policies Considered
(1) Continue the policies of the 1980 Land Use Plan; (2) Revise the policies
of the 1980 Land Use Plan to reflect new information or conditions.
Discussion
Although the Town of Kill Devil Hills has indicated support in principal for the
North Carolina Coastal Area Management Act (CAMA), the Kill Devil Hills Board of
Commissioners are opposed to a number of specific amendments to the CAMA adopted
by the Coastal Resources Commission (CRC), as indicated in the 1980 Land Use Plan.
Opposition has continued throughout the first half of the decade, with the Town of
Kill Devil Hills on record opposing amendments that doubled the setback multipler
for oceanfront development and those that proposed a complicated set of guidelines
directed at stormwater run-off. Since the inception of the N.C. Coastal Area
Management Act, the Kill Devil Hills Board of Commissioners have consistently argued
that many of the guidelines included in CAMA address issued best resolved by local
government.
Policy Selected
The Town of Kill Devil Hills supports the guidelines of the Coastal Area Management
Act (CAMA) and the associated policies of the Coastal Resources Commission but re-
serves the right to oppose specific sections of the CARA that the Board of Commissioners
finds to be directed at issues best resolved by the local government. The Town
is opposed to any additional Area of Environmental Concern (AEC) nominations in
Kill Devil Hills and is also opposed to the extension or enlargement of any exist-
ing AEC' s .
Implementation Strategy
Representatives of the Town of Kill Devil Hills will attend all CRC meetings and
workshops and participate in discussions and public hearings concerning issues
relevant to the Town's interest.
57

J
STATE AND FEDERAL POLICIES
Policies Considered
(1) Continue policies of the 1980 Land Use Plan, (2) Modify the 1980 policies '
based on new information or changed opinion.
Discussion
Throughout this Land Use Plan there are references to the Town's position on '
State and Federal policies. The Town has consistently indicated general support
for state and federal regulatory programs provided they do not interfere or '
conflict with local codes, ordinances, or issues. Support for state and federal
programs has also consistently been conditional upon input by the local govern- '
ment when new rules are proposed or existing rules are proposed to be modified.
Policy Selected
The Town of Kill Devil Hills supports the regulatory policies of the various '
state and federal agencies that have jurisdiction in Kill Devil Hills provided
local government has the opportunity to provide input into the development of
federal or state policies and guidelines.
Implementation Strategy
Monitor state and federal notifications, attend agency meetings as may be
necessary, forward written comments. I
58 1

ESTUARINE WATER QUALITY
Policies Considered
(1) Optimum Protection - a policy that places a major emphasis on estuarine
water quality regardless of the economic costs of such a policy,
(2) Moderate Protection - a policy that would seek to reduce the adverse effects
of development along the estuarine shoreline without totally restricting or
eliminating development.
(3) Limited Protection - this policy would maintain the current practice of re-
quiring CAMA Minor Development Permits for construction within 75' of public
trust estuarine waters.
Estuarine water quality is a priority issue throughout coastal North Carolina.
Much of the estuarine shoreline in Kill Devil Hills is already either developed
or platted in low density single-family uses. Storm water run-off has been
identified as'one of the major sources of pollutants to estuarine waters.
Given the fact that the estuarine shoreline in Kill Devil Hills is not platted or
zoned for high density development, the potential for introducing pollutants into
estuarine waters as a result of run-off is not great. Given the fact that the
potential for harm is not great, a policy designed to offer a moderate level
of protection`to estuarine water quality and protect aquatic life was determined
to be the most approriate policy for Kill Devil Hills.
Policy Selected
The Town of Kill Devil Hills supports protection of estuarine waters in order
to maintain a level of water quality that will support aquatic life. The Town
of Kill Devil Hills also supports and will continue to implement local zoning
and building codes designed to discourage development that will contribute to
the degradation of estuarine water quality and mitigate the adverse impacts of
acceptable estuarine shoreline development.
Implementation Strategy
Continue to enforce local zoning codes to encourage low density development along
the estuarine shoreline, modify local codes to preserve existing vegetation along
the estuarine shoreline, require retention basins or stormwater management plans
for higher density projects during site plan review process.
59

Maritime Forests
Policies Considered
1) Continue the 1980 policy encouraging property owners to retain the natural
wooded condition of their property.
2) Adopt land disturbance regulations to minimize alteration of existing vegetation.
3) Allow the private sector to protect the maritime forest.
Discussion
The majority of that land in Kill Devil Hills that retains maritime forest vegetation
is owned and managed for preservation by the North Carolina Nature's Conservancy,
a private non-profit corporation. This land is not considered to be endangered
by private sector development or forestry harvesting. The management of that
land in a maritime forest class not owned by a preservation organization can
be managed through the use of local land disturbance ordinances.
Policy Selected
The Town of Kill Devil Hills favors the maintenance and management of maritime
forests, encourages private owners of land in a maritime forest to retain the
natural wooded condition of their property, and supports the use of locally
adopted management guidelines.
Implementation Strategy
Schedule workshops to draft management guidelines for land disturbing activities
within the confines of maritime forest lands, continue to co-operate with the
Natures's Conservancy in the management of the Nags Head Woods Natural Preserve.
M

' Floating Homes
' Policies Considered
1) oppose the location of floating homes in Kill Devil Hills.
2) Support the location of floating homes in Kill Devil Hills.
' Discussion
The development of floating homes has not been proposed in Kill Devil Hills.
Environmental constraints, market conditions, and lack of access to acceptable
' sites for floating home development reduce the likelihood that this type of,
housing will become an issue in Kill Devil Hills. If proposed in Kill Devil
Hills, floating homes hold the potential to create conflicts with other water -
related uses and to introduce additional pollution to impacted waters.
Policy Selected
The Town of Kill Devil Hills does not support the development of floating homes
as an acceptable form of housing or accomodations.
Implementation Strategy
Adopt policies opposed to floating home development.
61

Fresh Water Pond AEC
Policies Considered
1) Continue the policies of the 1980 Land Use Plan supporting development
restrictions in the immediate vicinity of the Fresh Pond AEC.
2) Modify the policies of the 1980 Land Use Plan based on new information.
For a brief period of time, from 1982-1984, the Fresh Water Pond was abandoned
as atsource of potable water. By 1985, the need to reactivate the Fresh Water
Pond as an adjunct to the Dare County Regional Water System became apparent.
Improvements to pumping and treatment systems were initiated in a joint effort
by the Towns of Nags Head and Kill Devil Hills and the County of Dare, and by
the autumn of 1986, the Fresh Water Pond has been reactivated as a back-up
source of water for the Dare Regional Water System.
Policy Selected
Support continued AEC restrictions on the development of all land that lies with-
in the sphere of influence of the Fresh Pond AEC.
Implementation Strategy
Enforcement of CAMA guidelines for development within the Fresh Pond AEC.
mo

1
AREAS OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL OR
HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE
Two archaeological sites are recorded within the Town's planning boundaries.
The exact locations of these sites are not provided due to potential harm from
' public knowledge and subsequent disturbance of these locations. Additional re-
cords indicate one underwater, two terrestrial, and one region previously surveyed.
These sites are indicated on Map ( 7 ).
' Any proposed development or land disturbing activities within these areas
should be immediately refered to the North Carolina Department of Cultural Resources.
' Map ( 7 ) indicates three sites on the National Register of Historic
Places. They are:
1. The Wright Brothers Memorial and
' 2. The Wright Brothers Quarters and Hanger Building (Both located on pro-
perty owned by the National Park Service)
' 3. The Kill Devil Hills Coast Guard Station (Located in the vicinity of
the 700 - 800 block of South Virginia Dare Trail)
1
C
1 63

B. Economic and Community Development
11
64 1

' CAPITAL IMPROVEMENTS
One of the most important elements in any management plan for a community
experiencing a rapid growth rate is a capital improvements plan. As popu-
lation increases, a greater demand for governmental services is created.
' Those services are often costly items, and to meet the cost and provide
services, local governments must attempt to project what the service demand
' (and cost) will be and make plans to meet the increased demand prior to the
actual point in time when the demand is a reality. Listed below are a number
' of projected capital improvements identified as necessary to insure the reliable
and efficient delivery of government services to the citizens of Kill Devil
Hills during the next decade.
1. General Government and Administration - Based on projected growth Scenario
' #2 of the Booze, Allen, and Hamilton Carrying Capacity Study of Dare County,
the following capital improvement projects have been recommended:
' administrative o
a. Construction of anew building for operations Hall),
(Town
to be operative by 1990 - 1991. Projected cost - @ $300,000.
2. Planning and Development - Assuming that the construction of a new Adminis-
tration Building is completed, no additional capital costs are anticipated
for the operation of this department.
3. Public Safety - Based on Growth Scenario #2 of the Booze, Allen, Hamilton
' Carrying Capacity Study for Dare County, the following capital improvement
projects have been identified as necessary to provide for public safety
' services through the next decade:
a. Police - New Police Headquarters building will be necessary by 1988-1989,
' projected cost, @ 250,000.
' b. Fire -New Fire Station in 1990-1991, plus four pieces of equipment.
Projected cost, Fire Station - @ 250,000. Equipment - @ 775,000.
' c. Ocean Rescue - No additional capital improvements identified as necessary
' for service delivery.
1 65

4. Transportation - No local capital improvements projects have been identified.
5. Solid Waste - No local capital improvement projects identified. Kill Devil
Hills is, however, dependent on the Dare County Landfill, which will require
'
capital improvements in the coming decade.
6. Water and Sewer - Assuming growth rate #2 in the Booze, Allen, Hamilton
Carrying Capacity Study for Dare County, the Town of Kill Devil Hills
'
will require a peak water distribution capacity of about 4.2 million
gallons per day by 2000. To provide this distribution capacity, the
following capital improvements will be necessary:
'
a. Improvement of distribution and storage system, share in cost of regional
'
water system development program. Estimated cost, $4,000,000.
'
b. Operation of sewage treatment plant, if constructed.
IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGY
The Kill Devil Hills Board of Commissioners will review the projected capital
'
improvements associated with Population Growth Scenario II and adopt a capital
improvements plan and schedule consistant with these projections during fiscal
year 87-88.
'
11
66 1

IGROWTH
' Policies.Considered
(1) Maintain existing annual growth rate of the early 1980's, @ 10-12%; (2)
1 Attempt to further limit growth rate; (3) Coordinate growth rate with growth
scenarios developed for the Dare County Carrying Capacity Study.
Discussion
Data to deal with this issue has been generated from two sources, a public opinion
' questionnaire developed as a part of the 1986 Land Use Plan Update and the growth
projections included in the Dare County Carrying Capacity Study. Respondents to
' the questionnaire indicated a general sense of satisfaction with the existing
population distribution and density levels. The Dare County Carrying Capacity
Study has identified three growth rate scenarios that reflect constrained, moderate,
' and free market growth rates.
' Policy Selected
Growth Scenario Number Two of the Dare County Carrying Capacity Study (Moderate
' Rate), which would result in a permanent population of @ 4000, and a peak seasonal
population of @ 38,000 by 1990.
Implementation Strategy
' Adopt other policies consistent with this policy, allocate utility services and
develop capital improvement plans based on the growth projections of Scenario Two.
1
67

ENERGY SHORTAGES
Policies Considered
(1) Abandon this issue as not relevant in 1986; (2) Continue previous policies;
(3) Modify the policies to reflect current conditions.
Discussion
Energy shortages were an important issue during the late 70's and early 80's, but
recent developments in the oil industry have resulted in an abundant supply of
energy at this time. Recognizing that supply and demand in the energy resource
field seems to follow a cycle and that shortages could return, deleting this issue
was not recommended.
Policy Selected
The Town of Kill Devil Hills supports the continued development of energy efficient
structures and construction codes designed to achieve that objective. In addition,
the Town supports the development of a stand-by fuel allocation plan that may be
implemented in the event massive energy shortages become a problem again.
Implementation Strategy
Continue to enforce insulation and construction codes as detailed in N.C. State
Building Code.

WATER AND SEWER
Policies Considered
' (1) Continue the existing policies; (2) Modify policies based on new information
or conditions.
Discussion
' The 1980 Kill Devil Hills Land Use Plan included language that favored the immediate
construction of a regional wastewater treatment facility. In addition, in 1980 the
Town was confident that the Dare -Regional Water System's five million gallon per
' day capacity was adequate to meet the area's water needs through 1990. Since that
time, a number of factors that were critical to the development of those policies
have changed dramatically. First of all, an unanticipated surge in population
growth and water demand has occurred since 1980, and by 1983 the Dare County
' Regional Water System was nearing its operational capacity. The need to find an
additional source of water and to expand the existing system has been identified
and underscored by a building permit _moratorium and panic consumption scare in
1985. Second, progress on the proposed Dare County Regional Wastewater Treatment
Facility came to a halt when federal funds dried up and the proposed ocean out -
fall system ran into environmental problems. As a result, the EPA developed a
plan for Wastewater Policies on the N.C. Barrier Islands. As a result of these
' developments, as an element of the 1986 update, new policies on water and sewer
were discussed, as follows:
1. Water
' a. Favor the use of impact fees to generate capital for expanding water
capacity on a "pay as you go" basis.
1 b. Favor the use of general fund dollars to finance expansion of the
' water system.
c. Favor the use of a moritorium and/or rationing system on new
construction in order to insure that existing supplies are not
totally depleted.
' 69

Water and Sewer
Page -2-
2. Sewer
a. Favor the EPA policies of continued reliance on septic tank and
drainfield systems and package wastewater treatment plants for
wastewater treatment in Kill Devil Hills.
b. Favor the use of public funds to begin to establish community -wide
wastewater treatment services for Kill Devil Hills.
Policy Selected
The Town favors the use of impact fees to generate capital to expand water service
capacity on a "pay as you go" basis, and the use of public funds to begin to
establish community -wide wastewater treatment services for Kill Devil Hills.
Implementation Strategy
Continue to levy impact fees on new development with such fees reserved for capital
improvements for expanding facilities and establish separate sanitary districts
for those areas that may be served by a municipally owned wastewater treatment
facility.
70

Package Treatment Plants
Policies Considered
(1) Continue the policies of the 1980 Plan, which favor the use of package
treatment plants for high density development, (2) Amend the 1980 policies
based on new information or a desire to change the policy.
Discussion
As a part of the Environmental Impact Statement of the N.C. Barrier Island Waste-
water Study by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the Town of Kill Devil
Hills was the subject of a groundwater contamination study concerning septic
tanks infiltration. The conclusions of that study find no unsatisfactory levels
of groundwater contamination due to septic tank malfunction and recommend the
continued use of septic tank systems for low density development and the use
of package treatment plants to accomodate development that cannot be handled by
septic tank systems. The history of package treatment plants in Kill Devil Hills
shows a record of less then ideal performance thus far, with one system under a
moratorium on new hookups pending improvements. The regulatory control and
maintenance record of privately owned package treatment plants is cloudy at best.
Policy Selected
The Town of Kill Devil Hills has adopted a policy in favor of the establishment
of a community -wide wastewater treatment system (see Section VII, B,4). Due
to cost constraints, the construction of such a system is not likely in the
near future. In the interim, the use of closely monitored package treatment
plants to accomodate development projects that cannot be serviced by septic
tanks systems is favored.
Implementation Strategy
Use the Town's site plan review process and the Division of Environmental Manage-
ment's regulatory system to insure that all package treatment plants are properly
designed and located in such a manner that public health and welfare is not
compromised by the presence of such systems.
71

TRANSPORTATION NETWORK (BY-PASS) 1
Policies Considered 1
(1) No additional improvements; (2) Five lane improvements from Wright Memorial
Bridge to Whalebone Junction; (3) Five lane improvements with signalization '
of commercial corridors; (4) Some combination of the above. 1
Discussion
U.S. 158 By -Pass is the major transportation route in Kill Devil Hills and as was '
noted in the 1980 Land Use Plan, traffic levels during the seasonal population '
peak often exceed design standards. This situation has improved somewhat as a
result of improvements completed in 1985 that widened the 2 lane highway to 3 ,
and 5 lane sections. The Town,however, is on record in favor of additional
improvements to remove dangerous bottlenecks where the center lane of 3 lane ,
sections is used illegally for passing. '
Policy Selected
The Town favors the completion of a five lane route consisting of U.S. 158, U.S.
168, and N.C. 12 from the Virginia -North Carolina Border to Cape Hatteras, '
signalization, crosswalks, and sidewalk improvements along those sections of
these highways where development has created the demand for such improvements, '
and the inclusion of a limited access alternate by-pass route in the 1990-2000
Transportation Improvement Plan for the First District of N.C. '
Implementation Strategy 1
Forward comments, resolutions by the Board of Commissioners, and letters to the
Department of Transportation, attend and speak at public hearings concerning
Transportation Improvement Plan development. 1
72 1

Transportation Network (Local. Roads)
Policies Considered
(1) Continue local road maintenance; (2) Encourage width and design
specification upgrades; (3) Support road improvement and opening program,
such as a bond issue; (4) Support improvements to widen, resurface, provide
drainage pedestrian, and bicycle amenities to U.S. 158 Business. (Virginia
Dare Trail)
Discussion
There is a consensus of public opinion, as demonstrated by the response to a
survey questionnaire developed in conjunction with the 1986 update of the Kill
Devil Hills Land Use Plan, that local roads in Kill Devil Hills are in dire need
, of immediate attention. Much of the decline of the local road system has occurred
due to substandard design specifications, unusual climatic conditions, and
unanticipated traffic overloads.
Policy Selected
The Town encourages the following action in response to the decline of the local
road system in Kill Devil Hills:
1) A "pay as you go" policy for the opening of unimproved streets as may
be necessary to accomodate new development, those who generate the
demand shall provide the road improvements that may be necessary to
provide for safe traffic movement on a site by site basis.
2) Adoption of amendments of the Town Code for local road specifications
to provide contemparary guidelines for road construction, roadbed pre-
paration, drainage, and pavement width to accomodate on -street parking.
3) Support of a massive local road improvement program to upgrade all
existing local roads identified as in need of repair by the recently
completed NCDOT study of the Kill Devil Hills local road system.
This program would also be financed on a "pay as you go" basis derived
from both advalorem and general tax revenues.
4) Support of improvements to widen, resurface, install drainage, pedestrian
and bicycle amenities to U.S. 158 Business. (Virginia Dare Trail)
5) Support the completion of the Town's Shoreline Access Master Plan as
a component of the local roads upgrade program indicated in number three
on this page.
73

Transportation Network (Local Roads) Cont. '
Page - 2 -
Implementation Strategy ,
Encourage the Board of Commissioners to revise specifications for local roads, ,
support additional expenditures on local road improvements, work to include
recommended improvements to U.S. 158 Business in the Transportation Improvement '
Plan for the 1st District.
The Town will encourage upgrading local streets and roadways through methods
such as assessments and petitions for roadway improvements. '
74 1

Housing Mix
Policies Considered
(1) Continue the policy set out in the 1980 Land Use Plan; (2) Modify the
policy to reflect changes based on existing or potential conditions.
Discussion
Since 1980, the Town of Kill Devil Hills has been following a plan that reserves
the bulk of available land use in Kill Devil Hills for detached single family
residential structures. From 1983-1985, a comprehensive rezoning master plan was
implemented. The Town's Zoning Map was amended to reflect a three tier format of
land use, with the majority of the land use west of U.S. 158 By -Pass (Croatan
' Highway) placed in the Town's most restrictive residential class. Multi -family
development west of U.S. 158 By -Pass is a conditional use and is not encouraged.
' Those areas zoned for Business uses between U.S. 158 Business and U.S. 158 By -Pass
' are also suitable for multi -family residential development. Land use east of U.S.
158 Business has been identified as subject to ocean overwash, storm surge, and
shoreline migration and is subject to a number of special restrictions as indicated
in the text of the recently adopted Ocean Impact Residential Zoning District.
Policy Selected
The Town will continue its "three tier" approach to land use and housing mix, with
land use west of U.S. 158 By -Pass reserved primarily for detached single family
residential use, restrictive zoning guidelines for land use east of U.S. of U.S.
' 158 Business (oceanfront) and highest and best use zoning districts between the
two highways at the north and south ends of the Town.
Implementation Strategy
Continuation of a full-time Planning and Development Department and personnel capable
of enforcement of the Zoning Code of the Town of Kill Devil Hills.
75

Building Heights
Policies Considered
(1) Continue the policies of the 1980 Land Use Plan that limit building
heights to 50' (2) Modify the 1980 policies to reflect new conditions,
information, or opinions.
Discussion
In 1982 the Kill Devil Hills Board of Commissioners adopted a construction moritorium
on buildings in excess of 35'. Building heights became an emotional issue primarily
due to opposition by local residents to the "urbanization" of the shoreline by
"high-rise" structures. The prevailing opinion was that the Town should endeavor
to preserve a low profile skyline, especially along the oceanfront. As a result,
a compromise set of regulations were drafted that would limit building heights on
the oceanfront and in the residential districts to 42', with no habitable space
above 35, the remaining 7' reserved for roofline design and attic space. The
fifty foot building height limit continues to remain in effect in the commercial
zoning districts.
Policy Selected
The Town favors maintaining its traditional low -profile image and skyline by
limiting oceanfront and residential district building heights to not more then
42 total feet. A maximum building height of 50 feet in the commercial zoning districts
is also recommended.
Implementation Strategy
Continue to enforce the Zoning Code of the Town of Kill Devil Hills.
76

Commercial Development
' Policies Considered
(1) Continue efforts to centralize commercial development as indicated in
the 1980 Land Use and the Comprehensive Rezoning Master Plan of 1982;
' (2) Modify these policies as may be necessary based on new conditions
or information.
Discussion
Commercial development in Kill Devil Hills has been concentrated along two commercial
strips in recent years, both located either side of U.S. 158 Business and U.S. 158
By -Pass. This has resulted in a multitude of driveways and a heavy traffic load
' on U.S. 158 By -Pass. In a strategy designed to create a more centralized approach
to..commercial development, the Board of Commissioners recently rezoned several blocks
of land at the northern and southern ends of Town located between the two commercial
strips from a residential zoning class into a commercial zoning class. The purpose
of this change was two -fold; (1) to provide a nearby zoning district that endangered
oceanfront commercial residential structures could use for relocation, and (2) To
absorb the pressure generated by rapid commercial development along the U.S. 158
' By -Pass strip.
Policy Selected
The Town favors the centralization of commercial development, primarily in the two
' commercial districts at the northern and southern ends of the municipal boundries,
and the addition of minimum lot size guidelines for converting existing residential
structures into commercial use.
' Implementation Strategy
The Town will use local building, zoning, and site plan review codes to implement
a central commercial district strategy.
77

ENERGY FACILITIES
Policies Considered
(1) Discontinue this section as a policy issue. due to the limited likelihood
that OCS natural gas and oil exploration will occur in North Eastern North
Carolina, (2) Continue the policy set out in the 1980 Land Use Plan, (3)
Modify the 1980 policy to reflect new information or a change in opinion.
Discussion
Due to the recent decline in oil prices, the potential for energy production
facilites to choose the Dare County area as a suitable location has decreased
significantly since 1980. A return to higher prices would, however, make OCS
exploration cost feasible once again. Since a return to high oil prices is
considered probable, the energy production facility issue was not discontinued.
Policy Selected
The Town of Kill Devil Hills is opposed to locating petroleum refineries, nuclear
power plants, or coal/oil fired energy production plants in Kill Devil Hills and
strongly prefers that utility transmission and distribution lines be installed
underground.
Implementation Strategy
Consistency review in conjunction with state and federal permit programs for
energy facilities.
78

HISTORIC PRESERVATION
Policies Considered
(1) Continue the 1980 Land Use Plan policies, (2) Modify the policies of the
1980 plan based on new information or the need to change policies.
Discussion
There are few structures in Kill Devil Hills that qualify for nomination to the
Register of Historic Structures. This is due primarily to the frequency of
storms and hurricanes that have periodically destroyed the housing base of the
Town and the fact that the town of Kill Devil Hills has only been incorporated
for 33 years. Just the same, the Town is committed to the identification of
those few structures in Kill Devil Hills that may qualify for historic status.
Policy Selected
The Town of Kill Devil Hills favors the identification of historical structures
in town, will establish a Historic Preservation Committee to help identify such
structures, and will pay particular attention to the original Coast Guard Station.
Implementation Strategy
Appoint Committee, identify historic structures.
79

ANNEXATION
Policies Considered
(1) Take no action, (2) Recommend annexation study, (3) Recommend annexation,
'
(4) Establish extrateritorial zoning district
Discussion
As the development of unincorporated land contiguous to the jurisdictional
,
boundary of Kill Devil Hills has increased in the -last few years, the question
of annexation has been raised repeatedly. The Town of Kill Devil Hills al-
'
ready provides water service to the unincorporated parts of the Colington area,
and the dispatch of emergency vehicles from Kill Devil Hills would cut re-
'
sponse time dramatically. In addition, the potential for incompatible land use
adjacent to the Town's jurisdictional limit is high. The results of a public
opinion questionnaire distributed in conjunction with the 1986 Land Use Plan
'
update showed that year-round residents favored annexation of the Colington
area by an almost two to one ratio. Non-resident taxpayers were generally
,
neutral concerning annexation. After a lengthy examination of the issue, an
incremental approach designed to culminate in a data base that will quantify
'
the costs and benefits of annexation was determined to be the wisest course
to follow.
'
Policy Selected ,
The Town of Kill Devil Hills will endeavor to regulate the use of unincorporated
land within one mile of the town's jurisdictional limit.
Implementation Strategy
Establish extraterritorial planning and zoning district within one mile of the ,
municipal limits, erect Planning and Zoning District signs. Also, initiate
annexation cost -benefit study to be completed by late 1987 or early 1988. '
11
80 1

' CONSOLIDATION
' Policies Considered
(1) The Town of Kill Devil Hills favors the consolidation of the towns of Kill
Devil Hills, Kitty Hawk, Nags Head and Southern Shores into one unit of
local government.
' (2) The Town of Kill Devil Hills favors the consolidation of Kill Devil Hills,
Kitty Hawk, and Colington area into one unit of local government.
(3) The Town of Kill Devil Hills favors the disolution of the northern beach
municipal governments and the creation of a uniform county administration.
(4) The Town of Kill Devil Hills favors consolidation of services through
' interlocal agreement contracts when services can be more cost efficent
by use of such agreements.
Discussion
Each of the four policies could prove beneficial to Kill Devil Hills and the
Outer Banks if accepted. However, today's political climate all but eliminates
' policies one and three and four. Policy number two is the only policy that
has a good chance of becoming a reality.
Policy Selected
' The Town of Kill Devil Hills favors consolidation of Kill Devil Hills, Kitty
Hawk, and the Colington area into one unit of local government.
Implementation
Continue negotiations with the adhoc Consolidation Committee.
81

HEALTH AND EDUCATION
Policies Considered
(1) The Town of Kill Devil Hills supports the establishment of a full service
hospital for Dare County and supports construction of additional educational
structures as may be necessary in Kill Devil Hills on the Baum Tract.
(2) The Town of Kill Devil Hills supports the continued operation of the
Dare Emergency Medical Center and a more centralized school system to
better serve the Northern Dare Beaches.
(3) The Town of Kill Devil Hills supports priority public funding for medical
and educational services in Dare County.
Discussion _
Dissatisfaction with health care facilities and the desire for a higher level
of available health care was noted in discussions. Future educational facilities
need to be located in the beach areas of Dare County.
Policy Selected
The Town of Kill Devil Hills supports the establishment of a full service hospital
for Dare County and supports construction of additional educational structures as
may be necessary in Kill Devil Hills on the Baum Tract.
Implementation
Health
Lobby for modification of area wide health services plan to include Dare County
as a candidate for a hospital.
Education
Continue support for construction of Dare County schools on the Baum Tract.
82

F
I
COMMUNITY APPEARANCE
Policies Considered
(1) Improve community appearance by recommending additional ordinances designed
to address visual blight such as junk cars, unsightly yards, etc.,
(2) Recommend mandatory roll -out collection cans to replace the steel can
collector rack system currently in use.
IDiscussion
Two major problem areas have been identified in reference to community appearance
in Kill Devil Hills. The first is road side litter tossed from cars or blown by
the wind from trash cans that have been turned over by dogs. The second is un-
sightly yards littered by any of a number of offensive items including automobiles,
boats, fishing equipment, and construction debris. Much of the time, the unsightly
yards boils down to personal opinion as to what constitutes unsightliness.
Policy Selected
The Town supports the establishment of Community Appearance Committee appointed
by the Board of Commissioners to advise the Board on methods by which the comm-
unity's appearance might be improved, including new local ordinances to address
junk cars and litter.
Implementation Strategy
Create Community Appearance Committee, appoint members, take action on Committee's
recommendations.
83

TOURISM
Policies Considered
(1) Continue the policies of the 1980 Land Use Plan,
(2) Modify the policies of the 1980 Land Use Plan to reflect new information
or a change in opinion.
Discussion
Tourism is recognized as the backbone of the Kill Devil Hills economy. As the
year-round population continues to grow,the seasonal population surge becomes
greater each year. A service economy also has developed, and a number of comm-
unity leaders have begun a program to sponsor "seasonal extenders", special events
that are scheduled just prior to or shortly after the traditional tourist season.
These events help keep the service economy operational for a month or two longer.
Support for tourism and season extending events continues to be strong in Kill
Devil Hills.
Policy Selected
The Town of Kill Devil Hills supports tourism and encourages season extending
events.
Implementation Strategy
Continue to support the Outer Banks Chamber of Commerce, Dare County Tourist
Bureau, the April Wright Fly -In, and the October Fishing Tournaments.

IRecreation and Shoreline Access
' Policies Considered
(1) Continue the policies of the 1980 LUP, (2) Modify the policies to
reflect new information, demand, or conditions.
' Discussion
As a part of 1986 Land Use Plan Update process, a Questionnaire was distributed
to a random number of Kill Devil Hills residents. The respondents to the question-
naire were asked to prioritize those recreational facilities that they felt were
' important enough to justify the expenditure of public funds to construct. In
addition, the respondents were also asked to indicate their opinion about the
expenditure of public funds to provide public shoreline access facilities. The
results of the respondents were used almost verbatim to establish recommended policies
pertaining to recreation and shoreline access.
' Policy Selected
_
' 1) The Town supports the expenditure of public funds for organized recreational
activities in Kill Devil Hills and favors the development of the following
recreational facilities in the next five years, listed according to priority:
a. Bicycle Routes
' b. Jogging or walking paths
c. Playgrounds for children age 10 and under
d. Parks and picnic areas
2) The Town supports the expenditure of public funds to provide shoreline
access facilities for public access to the ocean and estuarine beaches and
' waters. The Town will continue to implement the Shoreline Access Plan
' established in 1979 and in addition, supports road improvements to feeder
roads serving access sites to provide parallel parking on such roads.
' 3) The Town supports the implementation of user fee system to support the
cost of establishing and maintaining shoreline access facilities.
1 85

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1972 Management Act of
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♦ INDICATES R/W BEACH ACCESS (IMPROVED)
POTENTIALLY SENSITIVE AREA

IRedevelopment of Developed Areas
' Policies Considered
(1) Implement the Town's "Three Tier" approach to zoning as a policy on redevelop-
ment (see Section V, B), (2) Establish a separate policy on redevelopment.
IDiscussion
' The Kill Devil Hills Board of Commissioners, in conjunction with the Planning
Board, have established a "three-tier" approach to land use in Kill Devil Hills.
This "three-tier" strategy is an attempt to de-emphasize the oceanfront zone as
' a preferred location for bulk immovable structures, to create a setting for such
structures to the west of U.S. 158 Business, and to reserve that land west of
' U.S. 158 By -Pass for year-round residential development. Redevelopment of
developed areas should conform with the zoning guidelines of the respective zoning
' districts that have been established to implement the Town's "three-tier" approach
to land use. The redevelopment of the immediate oceanfront zone is already
' occurring under the guidelines of the Ocean Impact Residential Zoning District.
' Policy Selected
The Town of Kill Devil Hills favors redevelopment of developed areas only after
' the review of any redevelopment plans for consistancy with the Town's "three-
tier" land use strategy.
Implementation Strategy
' All redevelopment plans will be reviewed by the Planning Board and Board of
Commissioners for consistency with the Town's Zoning Ordinance and "three-tier"
' land use plan.
M

Development of the Baum Tract
In 1985, the Kill Devil Hills Board of Commissioners purchased for public owner-
ship the largest undivided parcel of land remaining within the Kill Devil Hills
municipal limits. This property, known informally as the "Baum Tract", was
acquired largely through the generous terms made available by the property's
owner and former Mayor of Kill Devil Hills, Mrs. Diane Baum St. Clair. Stretching
along Ocean Bay Blvd. on the north all the way to Buzzard Bay to the west, this
333 acre parcel includes the famous living sand dune known as "Run Hill" and
borders the Nags Head Woods Ecological Preserve to the south.
In early 1985, the Town of Kill Devil Hills secured the services of the N.C. State
University School of Design to conduct an inventory of the natural conditions of
the land and to hold a number of public meetings to solicit citizen input into
how the property should be used. Public uses were popularly received, and
proposed uses included a new municipal complex, a senior citizens/community center,
sites for schools and recreational facilities, and a site for a wastewater treat-
ment facility. In 1986, the Kill Devil Hills Board of Commissioners established
a new zoning district, the Government and Institutional Zone, that applies to
all the land in the -Baum Tract. This zoning district limits the use of land
on the Baum Tract to only publicly owned facilities or such similar facilities
owned by non-profit organizations. In addition, in 1986 the Kill Devil Hills
Board of Commissioners established the Baum Tract Commission, composed of Kill
Devil Hills Mayor Pro-Tem Bobby Rollason and citizen members Rhett White and
J.K. Norfleet. In its report to the Board of Commissioners, the Baum Tract
Commission re -affirmed the Town's commitment to the use of this land for
publically
owned or non-profit purposes only.
'
Today, the
initial phase of the development of this land is underway. The new
Outer Banks
Chamber of Commerce Building has been completed, and
construction
'
of the Dare
County Senior Citizens Center -Community Building is
in progress.
One hundred
acres of the original purchase have been acquired by
the Dare County
Board of Education as the site for new school buildings, and the
relocation of
'
several of
the Kill Devil Hills municipal services operations to
a Baum Tract
location is
in progress.
,
Policy Selected - The Town favors the recommendations of the Baum Tract Commission '
that land use on the Baum Tract be for publicly owned facilities or the use of
non-profit organizations. '
87

F
F
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BAUM TRACT DEVELOPMENT PLAN
ING LOT
VTPTNTTY MAP
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I CITIZENS CENTER
BANKS CHAMBER OF COMMERCE 87A

C. Public Participation
1
' 88

IPublic Participation
' The Kill Devil Hills Board of Commissioners has adopted a policy in favor of
vigorous public participation in all land use decisions and the formation and -
periodic updating of the Kill Devil Hills Land Use Plan. Following that
policy, the Board of Commissioners and its citizen's advisory agency, the Kill
fDevil Hills Planning Board, established a number of participation strategies
when work began on the 1986 Kill Devil Hills Land Use Plan. These participation
strategies fell into two main categories, as follows:
1) Direct Citizen Participation - Throughout the update process,
advertisements of public meetings were run in the local newspaper,
public service advertisements were run on the local radio stations,
tannouncements of the meetings were mailed to participants on the
Town's "Sunshine List", and posters advertising the meetings were
displayed on bulletin boards throughout the Town of Kill Devil Hills.
2) Interest Group Participation - In addition to direct citizen partici-
pation, a number of interest groups were identified and invited to
take part in the update process. The organizations listed below were
invited to participate:
a. Albemarle Commission
b. Outer Banks Chamber of Commerce
Ic. Lions Club
d.
Rotary Club
e.
Outer Banks Homebuilders Association
f.
Kiwanis Club
g.
Dare County Board of Realtors
h.
Dare Hotel/Motel Association
i.
Dare Restaurant Association
Fellowship
J.
Outer Banks Senior
k.
Virginia Dare Business and Professional Women's Club
1.
Roanoke Garden Club
m.
Concerned Citizens for Consolidation
n.
National Parks Service
1 89

2) o. N.C. Nature Conservancy ,
P. Ocean Acres Civic Association
q. Kill Devil Hills Taxpayers Association '
3) Media Participation - The following list represents media personnel
invited to participate in the update process:
John Fox
'
a.
The
Coastland Times - Mr.
b.
The
Virginia Pilot/Ledger Star - Mr. Gene O'Bleness
c.
The
Daily Advance - Mrs. Gwen White
d.
The
Outer Banks Current - various personnel
e.
W.O.B.R. (radio) - Mr. Greg Clark
,
f.
Mr.
Ray Py - independent correspondent
4) Survey Questionnaire - In an effort to secure a reliable data base
and measure contemporary public opinion, and to provide the many
non-resident property owners of Kill Devil Hills an opportunity to
participate in the update process, 2500 public opinion survey question-
naires were mailed to residents, taxpayers, and customers of the Kill
Devil Hills Water System. The results of these questionnaires were
given strong consideration in the development of the policies in-
cluded in the 1986 Land Use Plan. For a detailed breakdown of the
results of the Survey Questionnaire, see Section III.
5) Participation Summary - Despite every effort to stimulate a broad
range of direct citizen participation, attendance at the Land Use ,
Plan Update meetings was generally poor, although response to the
Questionnaire was good. Representatives of the Kill Devil Hills
Taxpayer's Association, the Ocean Acres Civic Association, the
Concerned Citizens for Consolidation, the National Park Service,
and the Nags Head Woods Ecological Preserve attended some or all of
these meetings. (Also see Public Notice Appendix for list of Public ,
Meetings, P. 111)
i
90

' PUBLIC PARTICIPATION
Policies Considered
1 (1) The Town of Kill Devil Hills encourages public participation in all land
use decision procedures commissions, advisory agencies, and will establish
' a non-resident property owner advisory commission.
1 Discussion
Public participation is encouraged in land use planning and other community and
government affairs. The establishment of a non-resident property :owner advisory
commission is encouraged.
IPolicy Selected
' The Town encourages public participation in all land use decisions, proceedures,
commissions, advisory agencies, and will establish a non-resident property owner
advisory commission.
Implementation Strategy
Gatherings involving public decisions will be advertised letters sent to civic
groups and interested citizens, radio broadcasts initiated, and public notices
posted to* generate interest and input, "Sunshine List" will be maintained to
notify interested persons of meetings and public hearings.
1 91

I
D. Hurricane Mitigation Planning
1 92

STORM HAZARDS PLANNING AND MITIGATION
1 Introduction
The 1986 land use plan update is required to mitigate and plan for storm
hazards. Storm hazards are far more serious than commonly perceived, but the
series of tornadoes which struck eastern North Carolina in March of 1984 may
have increased awareness for the necessity of storm planning and mitigation.
This secticn of the land use plan is offered to help the Town of Kill Devil
Hills to prepare for these hazards.
There are numerous natural hazards but, due to many factors, only a few
are likely to occur in Kill Devil Hills. These hazards are:
1) flooding and erosion
2) high winds (hurricanes and northeasterns)
3) tornadoes
4) snow and ice storms
Of particular importance to the Outer Banks land use planning are storms and
their resultant erosion, flooding and high winds. In order to effectively plan
1 for hazards and their periodic reoccurrence, a comprehensive approach is necessary.
This involves combined efforts of the local planning commission and the Emergency
Management Coordinator in the Emergency Operations Center.
1 There are typically four parts of a comprehensive emergency management plan.
The four parts are defined as:
1. Mitigation - the activities which actually eliminate or reduce the
probability or occurrence of a disaster caused by a
hazardous event. It also includes land use planning and
other long-term activities which reduce the effects of
thazardous events.
1
2. Preparedness - the activities that are necessary when mitigation measures have not, or cannot, prevent.disasters caused by a hazard-
ous event. This phase involves the emergency management
team to assist in saving lives and property and to enhance
response operations.
3. Response - these activities follow an emergency or disaster. Of primary
concern is emergency assistance to casualties. Also, the
emergency management team seeks to reduce secondary damage
and to speed recovery operations.
4. Recovery - these activities involve short and long term operations. In
the short term, the emergency management team attempts to re-
store all systems to normal operation. This includes vital
life supporting systems. In the long term, recovery involves
return to life at normal or improved levels. This step should
involve the community planning process.
1
93

In general, mitigation and long-term recovery require the town planning
process, while preparedness, response and short-term recovery fall within
the responsibility of the Emergency Management Coordinator. Coordination
between emergency management and the town planning officals is necessary for
a successful mitigation of hazards and to facilitate long term recovery.
The Division of Coastal Management encourages local governments to focus
on three phases of hazards planning. These include storm hazard mitigation,
'
post -disaster recovery, and evacuation plans. In storm hazard mitigation,
it is recommended that an inventory of hazards areas be completed. The intent
of this inventory is to put into perspective the level of existing development
within the hazardous areas. It is designed to inform local officials of what
proportion of the population, housing, and county tax base may be subject to
damage in the event of a disaster. Policies should be formulated to deal with
redevelopment in the hazards areas.
A post -disaster reconstruction plan is designed to operationalize clean-
up procedures after the storm. This involves the immediate clean-up and plans
for long-term redevelopment. Each local government should create a recovery
task force responsible for establishing priorities for redevelopment. Repair
and reconstruction guidelines should be established. This phase of the plan
requires coordination of the local government and emergency management officials.
Dare County is required to evaluate the adequancy of evacuation routes
used in emergency situations. The routes should be critically assessed for
their efficient use. If the required evacuation time exceeds the standard
warning time as provided by the National Weather Service, officials should
consider adopting policies which would improve the adequancy of the routes.
This step may involve coordination with the Division of Emergency Management
and the Department of Transportation.
Mitiga
tion of Hazards
The first step of hazard mitigation is to identify the frequency and
magnitude of the hazards in the community. This involves studying storms,
including their frequency of*occurrence and severity levels. This step
can be done by using records from the past, as these are the only data
available to predict future storms. Generally, it can be stated that the
larger the storm, the less often it occurs. Consequently, although a large
storm may not have recently occurred, planning mitigation must still be under-
taken. The local government must be prepared now for the possible occurrence
of disasters at any time.
The second step of hazard mitigation is to conduct a vulnerability analysis. ,
This step determines what is at risk. In order to assess this information,
research must determine the type and location of prior property damage, and
the potential for damages as well as the location of previous injuries,to
people. Generally, the vulnerability study analyzes the potential for death,
injury and destruction of property.
The third step of hazard mitigation includes general and specific measures
for minimizing damage that is likely to occur. The general measures include,
but are not limited to the following:
Ll
94 1

1. Building Codes
' 2. Zoning Ordinances
3. Tax Incentives/Disincentives
4. Land Use Management
5. Safety Codes
6. Preventive Health Care
7. Public Education
8. Building Use Regulations, and
9. Resource Allocations
Most of the general measures involve adoption, compliance and enforcement
by the local government. The role of the planning commission is leadership
in the adoption process and coordination among the participating governmental
agencies. The planning commission is also involved in the compliance and
enforcement of the measures. The specific measures include, but are not
limited to, the following:
1. Flood Measures
a. Stream channelization
1 b. Construction and protection of farm ponds, retention basins and reservoirs
c. Reforestation and preventing deforestation
d. Land conservation techniques such as contour
plowing, grass waterways, plow/plant culti-
vation and cover crop plantation, and
e. Flood -proof buildings
I2. High Winds
a. Roof anchors
b. Window size and thickness codes
c. Mobile home tiedowns
d. Windbreaks
e. Forest and farm management, and
f. Real estate disclosure laws
3. Erosion
a. Wetlands protection
b. Swamp forest protection
c. Construction and protection of break-
waters and levees, and
d. Public information programs
4. Preventative Health
a. School innoculations
b. Rodent/insect eradication
c. Water purification
1 d. Sanitary waste disposal
e. Health codes/laws/inspections, and
f. Public health education
Storm hazard mitigation requires coordination of many agencies for success-
ful operation. A comprehensive effort is necessary to fully realize a mitigation
plan and its relation to the overall emergency and town planning process.
95

IDENTIFICATION OF HAZARD AREAS
Because of Kill Devil Hills' proximity to the Atlantic Ocean and Roanoke
Sound as well as the nature of the barrier island on which the town is located,
the occurence of a major hurricane could create a hazard zone that would en-
compass the entire community. Depending upon the severity and nature of the
storm striking Kill Devil Hills, certain lower lying areas within the town would
be subject to flooding initially with the higher areas containing development
remaining relatively safe except during the most severe of storms (see Figure 1).
Identification of these areas has involved two major sources; 1) the U.S.G.S.
topographic maps of the area, and 2) the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers "slosh"
map of the area. Specification of the exact location of the hazard areas is
difficult in this study. Because of map scale, the boundaries are too general
to specifically delineate between hazard and non -hazard areas. A boundary as
such requires large scale maps commonly used in a flood insurance study. How-
ever, for land use planning purposes, the location of boundaries at this scale
is adequate.
RISK OF DAMAGE IN HAZARD AREAS
The possible level of damage to life and property in the hazard areas of
Kill Devil Hills is considered potentially large (Table 1 ).
TABLE 1
DEFINITION OF HAZARD AREAS
Forces Present/Expected
Hazard
Area Wave High
Category Erosion Action Flooding Winds
1 X X X X
2 X
3 0
4
X
X
X
0
X
0
0
0
Risk levels: High (X), Moderate (0), Low ( )
Ocean erodible AEC's;
Inlet hazard AEC's;
Estaurine shoreline AEC's.
Flood insurance V-zones
Flood insurance A -zones
Rest of Community
�i
96 1

The lowlying areas in the north section of town, the shoreline area
adjacent to Roanoke Sound and the immediate ocean front can be expected to
receive some flood damage from even the smallest of hurricanes; those rated
up to a Force 2 on the Saffir/Simpson Hurricane Scale (See Figure 2). A Force
2 Hurricane would have winds up to 110 mph and storm tides of 6-8 feet above
mean high tide. A fair percentage of the development in these areas are
situated at or below the eight foot contour level increasing the likelihood
of light to moderate damage from resultant flooding. U.S. Route 158 Business
would likely be inundated to some degree, possibly restricting vehicular
traffic. Depending on the type of storm, it is possible that overwash could
occur from the ocean to the sound even at the Force 2 level because of the low-
lying characteristics of the land at the northern section of the town. Though
damage prevention measures would have to be taken in the event of any hurricane,
regardless of size it is not anticipated that evacuation measures would have
to be taken for hurricanes up through the Force 2 level.
There are no additional hazard zones that appear on the Army Corps of
Engineers "slosh" map in the event of a Force 3 Hurricane, however, the
aforementioned lowlying areas that would be affected by a Force 2 storm would
certainly receive much more flood and water damage in the latter case. A
Force 3 Hurricane is a storm that has sustained winds of 111-130 mph and storm
tides form 9-12.feet above mean high tide. Developed areas lying within this
' initial hazard zone would likely receive extensive flooding and may possibly
have to be evacuated. Both U.S. Routes 158 Business and 158 Bypass could be
inundated at the northern boundry of town and would likely be impassable.
Depending on the nature of the storm, the likilihood of this occurrence may
warrant emergency officials to consider evacuation of the town at this point
due to the added danger of the loss of the northerly evacuation route.
In the event of a Force 4 or 5 Hurricane, most remaining developed areas
of Kill Devil Hills will fall within the hazard zone (see Fugure 1). A Force
4 Hurricane has sustained winds of 131-155 mph and storm tides of 13-18 feet
above mean high tide. Areas of town that would not be susceptible to flooding
are the high dunes in the Nags Head Woods, and some high ground west of the
Bypass in the north end of town. The majority of U.S. Route 158 (Business and
Bypass) would be rendered impassable and would no longer be able to serve as
an evacuation route in either direction. The 1983 Dare County Hurricane
Evacuation Plan does not state what storm severity would necessitate an order
for evacuation however, it is recommended that the town be evacuated in the
event of a Force 4 or 5 Hurricane strike.
To further enhance the Town's ability to manage a hurricane evacuation
and post -disaster situation, the Board of Commissioners should identify those
emergency powers that may be necessary to effectively protect public health
and welfare in such a situation. Once the range of supplemental emergency
powers has been identified, authorization to implement such power should be
sought in the N.C. General Assembly.
97

Potential
Scale
,
Saffir/Simpson Damage
Forcel
Winds
74-95 mph
Storm Surge
4-5 Feet Above Normal
96-110
,
Force
2
Winds
mph
Storm Surge _
6-8 Feet Above Normal
Force
3
Winds
111-130 mph
Storm Surge
9-12 Feet Above Normal
Force
4
Winds
131-155 mph •
Storm Surge
13-18 Feet Above Normal
,
Force
5
Winds
Greater Than 155 mph
Storm Surge
Greater Than 18 Feet Above Normal
1
98

ANTICIPATED DEVELOPMENT IN HAZARD AREAS
Development has been intense within the hazard zones of Kill Devil Hills
though most of it has occurred in the higher, less floodprone areas of the
town. With the increasing population and economy within the area there will
be a greater demand for intensifying water oriented land uses. Kill Devil Hills
is in the mainstream of intense coastal development pressures and it should be
anticipated that further development in and near hazard areas will occur.
EXISTING KILL DEVIL HILLS AND DARE COUNTY HAZARD MITIGATION POLICIES
At the present time there are some mitigation policies in effect. Kill
I Devil Hills has zoning and building code ordinances and there are state and
federal regulations in effect. The Town has established a number of post -
disaster planning policies in the 1986 Kill Devil Hills Land Use Plan, as
detailed below.
Hazard Mitigation Policies
'Existing Kill Devil Hills policies permit development to occur in hazard
areas. It is expected the development within the hazard areas will occur in
the future. If development is to occur in these areas,it should be safe
development, that is, it should be hazard -resistant. Where and what kind of
development should occur in Kill Devil Hills, and how this development should
be constructed so as to minimize damage in the event of a major storm are the
two issues facing those that formulate policies and regulations in the Town
of Kill Devil Hills.
The Town of Kill Devil Hills supports the following policies:
1) Kill Devil Hills Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance - This ordinance
should be designed to meet the National Flood Insurance Program.
The ordinance should also be designed to minimize flood damage by
referring to accepted practices and methods that would set forth
uniform rules for developers.
2) Kill Devil Hills Hazard Area Redevelopment Policy - This policy is
related to the Building Code and the Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance.
The policy should indicate that reconstruction after a storm be subject
to the regulations of the building code which states that if any
building damaged in excess of fifty percent of its value to conform
with code requirements for new buildings when repaired. Also the
flood damage prevention ordinance should require that all existing
structures must comply with requirements related to the 100-year
flood elevation, which is if any repair, reconstruction, or improvement
of a structure is equal to or exceeds fifty percent of the market
' value, the improvement or repair must follow the building code regulations.
3. The Town will continue to implement areawide street address ordinance
to increase the damage assessment team's ability to identify remaining
structures.
1
4. The Town favors the establishment of a post -disaster fund of State monies to be allocated to N.C. communities that have been declared
major disasters. This state fund would be used to supplement Federal
disaster relief aid.
99

L
POST -DISASTER RECONSTRUCTION PLAN '
A post -disaster plan will permit Kill Devil Hills to deal with the after-
math of a storm in an orgainized and efficient manner. The plan provides
the mechanisms, procedures, and policies that will enable the town to learn
from its storm experiences and to rebuild the town in a wise and practical manner.
A post -disaster reconstruction plan encompasses three distinct reconstruction ,
periods:
1) The emergency period - the reconstruction phase immediately after a
storm. The emphasis is on restoring public health and safety, assessing
the natural and extent of storm damage, and qualifying for and obtaining
whatever federal and state assistance might be available.
2) The restoration period - the weeks and months following a storm disaster.
The emphasis during this period is on restoring community facilities,
utilities, and essential business so the municipality can return to
normal activities.
,
3) Replacement period - the period during which the community is rebuilt.
The period could last from months to years depending on the nature and
extent of the damages incurred.
It is important that local officials clearly understand the joint federal -
state -local procedures for providing assistance to rebuild after a storm so
that local damage assessment and reconstruction efforts are carried out in an
efficient manner that qualities the community for the different types of assist-
ance that are available. The requirements are generally delineated in the
,
Disaster Relief Act of 1974 (P.L. 93-288) which authorizes a wide range of
financial and direct assistance to local communities and individuals. The
sequence of procedures to be followed after a major storm event is as follows:
'
1) Local damage assessment teams survey impacted areas to identify any
citizens who need immediate medical attention, food, or shelter assistance.
2) Local damage assessment teams survey storm damage within the community.
3) Damage information is compiled and summarized and the nature and extent ,
of damage is reported to the North Carolina Division of Emergency
Management (DEM).
4) DEM compiles local data and makes recommendations to the Governor i
concerning state actions.
S) The Governor may request a Presidential declaration of "emergency" or '
"major Disaster". A Presidential declaration makes a variety of
federal resources available to local communities and individuals. '
Executive Order 1198 (Floodplain Management) directs all federal agencies
to avoid either directly or indirectly supporting future unwise development in
floodplains, and Section 406 of the Disaster Relief Act can require communities,
as a prerequisite for federal disaster assistance, to take specific actions to
mitigate future flood losses. Kill Devil Hills has been provided a comprehensive
listing of the Federal Disaster Assistance Programs that may be available
following a major storm.
100

1 Organization of Local Damage Assessment Team - A local assessment team
should be in place and include individuals who are qualified to give reliable
estimates of -the original value of structures an estimated value of sustained
1 damages and a description of the repairs. The logistics involved in assessing
damage in the town after a major storm will possibly necessitate the organization
of several damage assessment teams. The following are the recommended teams and
their members:
' 1 Public Property Survey Team
Town Department Head(s)
Professional Engineer (volunteer)
Architect (volunteer)
Police Officer (driver)
2) Business and Industry Survey Team
' Tax Assessor
Building Inspector (C.A.M.A. Permit Officer)
Industrial/Commercial Real Estate Broker (volunteer)
Chamber of Commerce Representative (volunteer)
Architect (volunteer)
Police Officer (driver)
' 3) Private Dwelling Survey Team
Tax Assessor
Building Inspector
Residential Real Estate Broker (volunteer)
Building Contractor (volunteer)
' Police Officer (volunteer)
The Emergency Management Coordinator shall undertake a recruitment effort
to secure the necessary volunteers and to establish a training program to
familiarize the members of the damage assessment team with required damage
classification procedures and reporting requirements. It is suggested that the
county assume the responsibility for developing and implementing a training
program for both county and town damage assessment teams. In establishing the
assessment teams, it might be very difficult to fill certain positions, because
the services of some individuals will likely be in a great demand after a storm
I disaster. The Emergency Management Coordinator shall establish an .active
"Volunteer file" with standing instructions on where to report following a
storm. Damage assessment forms and procedures should be prepared and dis-
tributed to volunteers as part of the training program.
Damage Assessment Procedures and Requirements Damage assessment is defined
as a rapid means of determining a realistic estimate of the amount of damage
' caused by a natural or man-made disaster. For a storm disaster, it is expressed
in terms of 1) number of structures damaged, 2) magnitude of damage by type
of structure, 3) estimated total dollar loss, and 4) estimated total dollar loss
icovered by insurance.
After a major storm event, members of the Damage Assessment Team will report
for a briefing from the Emergency Management Coordinator. In Kill Devil Hills
the Emergency Management Coordinator shall establish field reconnaissance prior-
ities according to the extent of damage and where landfall occurred. Because
of the potentially large job at hand the limited personnel resources available
to conduct the assessments, and the limited time within which the initial assess-
101

L
ment must be made, the first phase of the assessment shall consist of only an
external visual survey of damaged structures. A more detailed second phase
assessment can be made after the initial damage reports are filed.
The initial damage assessment shall make an estimate of the extent of
,
damage incurred by each structure and identify the cause such as wind, flooding,
or wave action of the damage to each structure. This first phase assessment should
be made by "windshield" survey.
Damaged structures will be classified in accordance with the suggested State
guidelines as follows:
1) Destroyed (repairs would cost more than 80 percent of value).
2) Major (repairs would cost more than 30 percent of the value).
3) Minor (repairs would cost less than 30 percent of the value, but
the structure is currently uninhabitable).
4) Habitable (some minor damage, with repairs less than 15 percent of the
value).
It will be necessary to thoroughly document each assessment. In many cases,
mail boxes and other information typically used to identify specific structures
will not be found. Consequently, the damage assessment team must be provided with
,
tax maps, (aerial photographs with property line overlays) other maps and photo-
graphic equipment in order to record and document its field observations. Enough
information to complete the damage assessment worksheet must be obtained on each
damaged structure.
The second phase of the damage assessment operation will be to estimate the
value of the damages sustained. This operation should be carried out under the '
direction and supervision of the Emergency Management Coordinator. A special
team consisting of tax clerks, tax assessment personnel, and other qualified
staff should be organized by the Emergency Management Coordinator. This team
should be incorporated into the plan. In order to estimate total damage values
it will be necessary to have the following information available for use at the
Emergency Management Office:
1) A set of property tax maps (including aerial photographs) identical to
those utilized by the damage assessment field team.
2) Town maps delineating areas assigned to each team. ,
3) Copies of all town property tax records.
In order to produce the damage value information required, the following
methodology is recommended:
1) The number of businesses and residential structures that have been damaged
within the town should be summarized by damage classification category.
2) The value of each damaged structure should be obtained from the marked j
set of tax maps and multiplied by the following percentages for appro-
priate damage classification category:
a. Destroyed - 75% or more
b. Major Damage - more than 30%, less than 75%
102 ,

2) c. Minor Damage (uninhabitable) - less than 30%, more than 15%
' d. Habitable - less than 15%
1
3) The total value of damage for the incorporated areas of the town should
then be summarized.
4) The estimated value loss covered by hazard insurance should then be
determined.
5) Damage assessment reports should be obtained from owners in:
a. obtaining information on the various types of assistance that might
be available from federal and state agencies;
b. in understanding the various assistance programs, and
' c. applying for such assistance. When a major storm does eventually
hit the town and major damages occur, consideration should be given
to establishing an assistance team to carry out the above functions
as long as there is a need to do so.
A sequence and schedule for undertaking local reconstruction and restoration
activities is presented. The schedule was deliberately left vague because
1 specific reconstruction needs will not be known until after a storm hits and the
magnitude of the damage can be assessed. The sequence of activities and schedule
should be considered and revised as necessary after the damage assessment activities
are completed.
Recommended Reconstruction Policies - It is recommended that the town Task
Force consist of the following individuals:
' 1) Chairman of the Town Board
2) Town Manager
3) Emergency Management Coordinator
4) Town Tax Appraiser
5) Town Finance Director
I 6) Town Code Inspector
7) Town Planning and Development Director
The following policies have been designed to be considered and adopted by
the town and/or Dare County, as appropriate, prior to a storm and implemented
after a storm occurs.
1) Building permits to restore structures located outside of designated
AEC areas that were previously built in conformance with local codes,
standards and the provisions of the North Carolina Building Code shall
be issued automatically.
2) All structures suffering major damages as defined in the Kill Devil
Hills Damage Assessment Plan shall be repaired or rebuilt to conform
with the provisions of the North Carolina Building Code and other re-
lated ordinances.
3) All structures suffering minor damage as defined in the Kill Devil Hills
Damage Assessment Plan shall be permitted to be rebuilt to their
original state before the storm condition provided non -conforming
use regulations are met.
103

I
4)
For all structures in designated AEC's and for all mobile home
'
locations, a determination shall be made for each AEC as to whether
the provisions of the N.C. Building Code, the State Regulations for
Areas of Environmental Concern, or other ordinances appeared ad-
,
equate in minimizing storm damages. For areas where the construction
and use requirements appear adequate, permits shall be issued in
accordance with permitting policies 1,2 and 3. For AEC's where the
construction and use requirements do not appear to have been adequate -
in mitigating damages, a Temporary Development Moratorium for all
structures located within that specific AEC shall be considered.
5)
All individual mobile homes located in mobile home parks sustaining
some damage to at least 50% of their mobile homes in the park shall
be required to conform to current ordinances.
6)
Permits shall.not be issued in areas subject to a Temporary Develop-
ment Moratorium until such a moritorium is lifted by the town or
Dare County.
7)
All damaged water and sewer systems (both public and private)
shall be repaired so as to be elevated above the 100-year floodplain
'
or shall be flood -proofed, with the methods employed and the con-
struction being certifed by a registered professional engineer.
,
8)
All damaged roads used as major evacuation routes in flood hazard
areas shall be repaired -so as to.be elevated at least one foot
above the 100-year flood plain evacuation.
'
9)
All local roads that have to be completely rebuilt shall be elevated
so as to be above the 100-year flood plain elevation,'using current
specifications for reconstruction.
,
Temporary Development Moratorium — Under certain circumstances, interim
development moratoriums can be used in order to give a local government
time to assess damages, to make sound decisions and to learn from its
storm experiences. Such a moratorium must be temporary and it must be
reasonably related to the public health, safety and welfare.
It is not possible to determine prior to a storm whether a temporary
development moratorium will be needed. Such a measure should only be
used if damage in a particular area is very serious and if -redevelopment
of the area in the same manner as previously existed would submit the
residents of the area to similar public health and safety problems. The
community's policy regarding the proclamation of temporary development
1
104 1

moratoriums shall be to:
' Require the town's Emergency Management Office to assess whether a Temporary
Development Moratorium is needed within one week after the damage assessment
process is completed. Such an assessment should clearly document why such a
moratorium is needed, delineate the specific uses that would be affected by the
moratorium, propose a specific schedule of activities and actions that will be
taken during the moratorium period, and establish a specific time period during --
which the moratorium will be in effect.
In addition, Section 1362 of the Flood Insurance Act authorizes the Federal
government to purchase property deemed unsuitable for reconstruction, and upon
determination by the Board of Commissioners that any section of Kill Devil Hills
' is not suitable for reconstruction, federal acquisition may be recommended.
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
105

HURRICANE EVACUATION 1
Policies Considered
'
(1) Continuation of existing policies (2) Modofications to existing policies to
reflect new information or conditions.
Discussion
Since the 1980 Land Use Plan was developed, the Kill Devil Hills (and entire Dare
,
County) area has been evacuated twice due to potential strikes by Hurricane
,
Diana in 1984 and Hurricane Gloria in 1985. Fortunetly, in both instances the
area was smoothly evacuated and in both instances the area was spared a direct
,
hit. Questionnaire respondents indicated that they were confident of the abliity
to evacuate the area, probably as a result of the recent successful evacuations.
,
In both of these instances, however, evacuations occurred during the autumn season
and not during peak population surge. Difficulties can still be anticipated
should evacuation be necessary during a period of peak population. With that
,
in mind, the need for additional improvements to the evacuation routes and bridges
has been identified.
,
Policy Selected
As a policy set in reference to Hurricane Evacuation, the Town favors the following:
1. Annual Awareness Campaigns and Evacuation Exercises i
2. Bridge and road improvements as may be necessary to increase traffic
flow on evacuation routes.
3. Support of the continuation of a full time Emergency Management Coordinator
and an annual update of the Dare County Hurricane Evacuation Master Plan
and Disaster Assessment Team Personnel Roster.
4. Erection of Evacuation Route Identification Signs during the Hurricane
Season.
5. A back-up evacuation shelter design feature'to those new public structures
that may be built by the Town in the future.
106

Hurricane Evacuation
Page - 2 -
Implementation Strategy
Participate in the Dare County evacuation drill and damage assessment teams,
support widening improvements and bridge replacements to U.S. 158 and U.S. 64-_
as elements of the Transportation Improvement Plan for the First District, and
the internal review of plans for new publically owned structures for the inclusion
' of back-up shelter features. ,
107

SUMMARY
In the coming decade, the Town of Kill Devil Hills will experience a moderately
strong rate of population growth. The Kill Devil Hills Board of Commissioners
have adopted a number of policies and implementation strategies in this Land
Use Plan in anticipation of this growth rate and its associated impacts on
individuals.
,
the Town of Kill Devil Hills, collectively and on its residents as
These policies and implementation plans are summarized below:
A. Resource Protection, Production, and Management - The Town of Kill Devil
Hills has identified a number of natural resources that require pro-
tection in order to insure their long term viability. These resources
include those sections of Kill Devil Hills that sustain sand dunes,
maritime forests, ocean beaches, estuarine beaches and waters, and
,
the Fresh Water Pond. Policies designed to insure that these resources
are not lost at the expense of a rapid rate of change or growth have
,
been included in this Land Use Plan in Section VII. The specific
policy adopted to address each of these resources may be found in
,
Section VII (A).
,
B. Economic and Community Development - In addition to those policies
and implementation plans adopted to address natural resource issues,
the Town has also identified a number of economic and community develop- '
ment issues for which policies and implementation strategies have been
adopted. These include capitol improvement plans for expanding service
facilities such as fire protection, public works, police protection,
and transportation. Policies designed to steer the Kill Devil Hills ,
community toward increased intergovernmental cooperation, post -disaster
recovery and reconstruction planning, recreation facility development,
and the management of commercial and residential development trends
have also been adopted. The specifics of these policies can be found
in Section VII (B). ,
Also included in this Land Use Plan are sections that describe existing conditions
in Kill Devil Hills to give the reader some idea about how the land in Kill Devil
Hills is being used and how those patterns of land use might be expected to change.
Estimates of the existing population and how much it is expected to change, and
descriptions of those planning tools used by the Town of Kill Devil Hills to shape
and direct its future are also in the planning. These include subdivsion and
108 1

1
' zoning ordinances, flood plain management ordinances, development review pro-
cedures, and a master plan for the development of public access facilities for
the Town's ocean and estuarine beaches.
In conclusion, this Land Use Plan serves as a blueprint for the future develop-
ment of Kill Devil Hills. Throughout the plan there are included policies
designed to achieve two important goals; (1) to preserve those natural resources
that are vulnerable to the pressures associated with a rapid growth rate, and
(2) to strike a balance between a healthy rate of economic development and
reasonable environmental regulation. Finally, and most important, this Land
Use Plan attempts to steer the Town of Kill Devil Hills down a path that will
' accomodate a growing residential real estate and commercial service economy
without creating unacceptable negative impacts on the quality of life in
Kill Devil Hills.
109

REFERENCES I
Town of Kill Devil Hills Land Use Plan 1980, Coastal Consultants, Ltd. November 1980. 1
Impacts of Wastewater Disposal Practices On The Hydrogeology Of North Carolina
Barrier Islands, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region IV Atlanta, Ga.
with assistance from Applied Biology, Inc. Decatur, Ga. July 1985.
Perspectives On Hurricane Preparedness Techniques In Use Today, Federal Emergency
Management Agency, October 1984.
Town of Nags Head, North Carolina 1985 Land Use Plan Update, Planning and Development
Staff, Coastal Resources Collaborative, Ltd. March 1986.
Town of Kitty Hawk, North Carolina 1983 Land Use Plan, Coastal Resources Collaborative,
Ltd. 1983. ,
Dare County Carrying
Capacity Commission, Booze,
Allen, and Hamilton Inc. August 1986.
,
Storm Hazards Planning and Mitigation, Dr. R. A.
Stephenson. and Associates, - 1986
'
1986 Kill Devil
Hills Survey Analysis, Dr. R. A.
Stephenson and Associates, - 1986
The Outer Banks
of North Carolina, David Stick 1958.
The Flaming Ship
of Ocracoke and Other Tales of
the Outer Banks, C. H. Whedbee,
1971.
110 1

PUBLIC NOTICE APPENDIX
MEETING DATE
Planning
Board
Meeting
August 6, 1985
Planning
Board
Meeting
December 3, 1985
Planning
Board
Meeting
December 17, 1985
Planning
Board
Meeting
March 18, 1986
Planning
Board
Meeting
April 1, 1986
Public Hearing
April 15, 1986
Planning
Board
Meeting
April 15, 1986
Planning
Board
Meeting
May 13, 1986
Planning
Board
Meeting
June 3, 1986
Planning
Board
Meeting
July 8, 1986
Planning
Board
Meeting
August 5, 1986
Planning
Board
Meeting
August 19, 1986
Public Hearing
(Commissioners Meeting)
August 10, 1987
111

1
NOTICE
The Planning Board of the Town of Vitt
Devil Hills wilt fgid the first eeting for
the month of August onmTwadaY.
August 8, 1985 at 7:30 p.m., in the
"Selling ROOM of the Kill Devil Hills
Municipal Complex, 1834 N. Croatan
fghway. The items to be discussed are
Mated below-
7-10 Call To Ord�rDA
7a1 1. Roll Call
7:32 If. Approval of Minutes. July 18,
111111115 Meeting
725 fit. Old Business
a Calvin S. Hill — she plan review
Proposed office complex at the Intersee-
,
tfpn of Croatan Hwy. and
b. MAR-JIM Corp. — proposed
fesldentiat Conversion. Croatan Hwy.
and
c. See. 17.2, Driveways east of
ftinia Dare Trall, discussion of amend-
ment language.
9:00 IV. New Business
lion
a Land Use Plan Update — discus.
8:20 V. Other Business
9:30 VI. Ad oumment
CHARLOTTE BEASLEY
L1c
r
Cat
. ML
NOTICE
The Planning Board
of the Town of Kill Devil
Bills will hold the se-
cond meeting for the
month of March on
Tuesday, March 18,
1986, at 7:30 p.m. in the
Meeting Room of the
Rill Devil Hills
Municipal Complex,
1634 N. Croatan High-
way. The items to be
discussed are listed
below.
AGENDA
7:30 Call To Order
7:31 I. Roll Call
7:32 II. Approval of
Minutes
7:3& II. Old Business
a. Land Use Plan
Update = Survey Ques-
tionnaire Date Discus.
sion
8:30 IV. New Business
a. Site Plan Review
— Mariner Motel Apart-
ments, Lots 10, 11, 12,29,
20, Block G, Croatan
Shores Amended, West
of U.S.158 Business
8:50 V. Other Business
9:00 VI. Adjournment
Charlotte Beasley
FlUnninB Board Clerk
Wmi
KU
47 .
-DX-
NOTICE
The Planning Board of the Town of Kill
Devil Hills will hold the first meeting for
Ow month of December on Tuesday,
December 3, 1985 at 7:30 p.m. in the
Meeting Room of the Kill Devil Hills
Municipal Complex, 1634 N. Croatan
Highway. The items to be discussed are
Mated below:
AGENDA
7:30 Call To Order
7:31 1. Roil Call
7:33 11. Approval of Minutes, Nov. 19.
1965 Meeting
7;w Ill. Old Business
a. Land Use Plan Update — draft
Questionnaire
8:15 IV. New Business
8:30 V. Other Business
8:45 VI, Adjournment
CHARLOTTE BEASLEY
Planning Board Clerk
12.1.3c
T
NOTICE
The Planning Board
of the Town of Kill Devil
Hills will hold the se-
cond meeting for the
month of December on
Tuesday, December 17,
1985 at 7:30 pm in the
Meeting room of the Kill
Devil Hills Municipal
Complex, 1634 . N.
Croatan Highway. The
items to be discussed
are listed below:
AGENDA
7:30 Call To Order
7:31 I. Roll Call
7:32 H. Approval of
Minutes, Dec. 3, 1985
Meeting
7:35 M. Old Business
a. Land Use Plan
Update — draft land use
survey questionnaire.
8:00 IV. New Business
8:10 V. Other Business
8:20 VI. Ajournment
Charlotte Beasley
Planning Board Clerk
W12.1
NOTICE
The Planning Board of the Town of Kill
Devil Hills will hold the second meeting
for the month of March on.Twsday,
March 13. 1986, at 7:30 P.M. In the
Meeting Room of the Kill Devil Hills
Municipal Complex, 1634 N. Croatan
Highway. The items to be discussed are
hated below.
AGENDA
7:30 Call To Order
7:31 1. Roll Can
7:32 11. Approval of Minutes
725 Ill. Old Business
a. Land Use Plan Update — Survey
Gu
est
Data Discussion
9:30 IV. New Business
S. Sits Plan Review — Mariner
Motel Apanment.s. Lots 10, 11. 12.29, 30.
Block G. Croatan Shores Amended,
West of U. S 158 Business
&W V. Other Business
9= VI. Adjournment
CHARLOTTE BEASLEY
PlAinhirfg Board Clerk
2-I& 0
NOTICE
Ttle Planning Board of the Town of.Kin
DevNK tl Hills he monthlofold the December on Twadond ayg.
December 17, 1985 at 7:30 p.m. in the
afeeting Room of the Kill Devil Hills
Municipal Complex, 1634 N. Croatan
Highway. The items to be discussed are
Mated below:
AGENDA
7:30 Call To Order
7:31 1. Roil Call
7;32 f�btf. pec
p oval of Minutes, D. 3,
1985 7:35 Ill. Old Business
a Land Use Plan Update — draft
land use survey Questionnaire.
8:00 IV. New Business
8:10 V. Other Business
910 VI. Adjournment
CHARLOTTE BEASLEY
Planning Board Clerk
.s..s,.
NOTICE
The Piannin
ll
Devil Hills will hold the stKOntl m dt �he Town Of Ig
Devil tha month of March on Tuesday.
March 18, t98s, at 7:30 p.m. in the
Muni Room of the Kill Devil Hills
Municipal Complex, 1634 N. Croatan
Highway. The items listed below. t0 bediscussed are
73p AGENDA
7:31 1. Ro ail Order
7:32 It. A Call
7:35 Ill. Old Busineovai ss minutes
a. land Use Plan Update — Survey
Ouest.onnaue Data D,i,cussion
8:30 IV New Business
McteiArlie; lian nts. R f,10.11.1 alannei
Blcck G Crcatan Shores A2.29.30.
West of U. E. 158 Business load..
9 -% V. COe• Bnlness
9.DO A. AC,o:•rnmant
CI,ARLC71E BEASLEY
Planning Board Clerk
3.13. isc
I
1
rj
112 ,

00. Logjas
I U/
1-24 4
NOTICE
The Planning Board
'
of the Town of Kill Devil
Hills will hold the first
meeting for the month
of April on Tuesday,
April 1, 1986, at 7:30
p.m. In the Meeting
Room of the Kill Devil
Hills Municipal Com-
plex, 1634 N. Croatan
Highway. The items to
be discussed are listed
below:
7:00 pm - Public
Hearing — proposed
multi -family towhhoues
complex, Ocean Acres
Subdivision, Tract
'
Three, Section Three,
Lots 2-6.
ADENDA
7:30 Call To Order
'
7:31 I. Roll Call
7:32 II. Approval of
Minutes, March 18, 1986
Meeting
7:35 III. New Business
a. Site Plan
Review — Proposed
Townhouse Complex,
Ocean Acres Subdivi-
sion, Tract 3, Section 3,
Lots 2-6.
8:00 IV. Other
Business
s. Land Use
Plan Update — Draft of
existing policy discus-
sions of March 18, 1986
meeting. Schedule of
policy review and adop-
tion of 1986 policy state-
ments.
8 : 4 5 V.Other
Badness
9:00 VI. Afournment
Charlotte Beasley
Planning Clerk
80.26-1
11
and De
NOTICE
The Planning Board of the Town of Kill
Devil Hills will hold the first meeting for
tM month of April on Tuesday. April 1,
1986, at 7Z p.m. In the Meeting Room of
the Kill Devil Hills Municipal Complex.
104 N. Crostan Highway. The Items to
be discussed are listed below
7:00 p.m. — Public Hearing — proposed
multifamily Townhouse Complex.
Orson Acres Subdivision,.Tract Three.
Section Three, AGENDA
7:30 Call To Order
721 L Roll Call
7:32 It. Approval of Minutes. March 18,
1966 Meeting
7 35 III. New Business
a. Site Plan Review — Proposed
Townhouse Complex, Orson Acres Sub.
division, Tract 3. Section 3, Lots 24
890 IV. Other Business
a. Land use Plan Update — Draft of
existing policy discussion of March 18,
1*6 meeting, Schedule for policy review
and adoption of 106 meeting, Schedule
for policy review and adoption of 1986
policy statements.
8:45 V. Other Business
Y.00 VI. Adjournment
CHARLOTTE BEASLEY
planning Clark 3.27.30c
"Policy Section of
R.D.H. Plan To Be
Reviewed"
Discussion and input
will be heard on the
policy section of the Kill
Devil Hills Land Use
Plan on Tuesday, April
15, 1986 at 7:30 pmL at
the Town Hall. These
discussions will help for-
mulate town policies for
the next five years and
Include Issues such as
growth management,
public works, transpor-
tation, and water quali-
ty. Concerned citizens
are encouraged to at-
tend and participate in
the discussion.
to -,A
7-?7--X
NOTICE
The Planning Board of the Town, of Kill
Devil Hills will hold the first meeting for
the month of April on Tuesday. April 1,
1966. at 7:30 p.m, in the Meeting Room of
the Kill Devil Hills Municipal t;ompisx.
.1634 N. Crostan Highway The items to
be discussed are bated below.
7b0 p.m. — Public Hearing — proposed
Mufti -family Townhouse C.mpiex,
Ocean Acres Subdivision, Tract Three,
Section Three. Lots 26.
AGENDA
7:30 Call To Order
7:31 1. Roll Call
7:32 If. Acprovai of Minutes. March 16,
1966 Meeting
TW Ili. Now Business
a. Site Plan Review — Proposed
Townhouse Complex. Ocean Acres Sub.
division. Tract 3. Section 3. Lots 24
8.O0 IV.Olher Business
a Land Use Plan Update — Drsft of
existing policy discussion Of March 18,
19M meeting, Schedule for policy review
and adoption of 11986 meeting. Schedule
for policy review and adoption of 1986
policy statements.
2.45 V. Other Business
9:00 VI Adlcurnment
CHARLOTTE BEASLEY
/lanrnng Clark
3.27,30C
LEGAL NOTICE
The Planning Board of the Town of Kill
Devil Hills will hold the second meeting
for the month of April on Tuesday, April
15. 1966 at 7:30 p.m. In the Meeting
Room of the Kill Devil Hills Municipal
Complex, 1634 N. Crofitan Highway. The
Moms to be discussed are listed below:
AGENDA
7.30 Call To Order
7:31 1. Roll can
7:32 It. Approval of Minutes. April 1,
1986 Meeting
7:35 Ill. Old Business
7:50 IV. New Business
a. Site Plan Review — Phillip Bruce
Construction Co. prorated residential
to Commercial conversion, East Third
St., lust east of Midgett Reeity.
8:1s Break
8:25 b. Land Use Plan Update —
policy discussion and development, ad.
pumment Into policy groups, group
reports, discussion and recommenda-
tions of policies
10:00 V.Other Business
10:15 VI. Adlournmeni
CHARLOTTE BEASLEY
Planning Clark
4-13,15c
OEVI�
LEGAL NOTICE
The Planning Board of the Town of Kill
Devil Hills will hold Ins second meeting
For the month of April on Tuesday, April
15, 1986 at 7:30 p.m. in the Meeting
ROOT of the Kill Devil Hills Municipal
Complex, 1634 N. Crostan Hignvray. The
hems to be discussed a,a listed below:
AGENDA
7.30 Call To Order
7:31 1. Ron Call
7:32 If. Approval of Minutes, April 1,
1966 Mowing
7:35 Ill. Old Business
7.50 IV. New Business
IL Site Plan Review — Phillip Bruce
Construction Co., proposed residential
to Commercial conversion, East Third
St., lust east of Midgett Really. ,
8:15 Break
925 b. Land Use Wan Update
Policy discussion and development, ad•
lournment into Policy groups, group
reports. discussion and recommend&•
lions of policies.
10:00 V.Other Business
10:15 VI. AdlourAreni
CHARLOTUWCASLEY
Plamm�k
4-13,15c
804-1
113

"Policy Section of
K.D.H. Plan
`+ To Be Reviewed"
Discussion and Input will be heard on the
policy section of the Kill Devil Hills Land Use
Plan on Tuesday, April 15, 1986 at 7:30 p.m. at
the Town all. Th swill help
formulate town poll
and include issues
ment, public works,
quality. Concerned
attend and particip
ese discussion
cies for the next five years
such as growth manage -
transportation, and water
citizens are encouraged to
ate in the discussion.
TO: Concerned Citizens
FROM: Kill Devil Hills
Planning Department
RE: Land Use Plan Update
Discussion and policy formulation for
the 1986 Land Use Plan Update
Tuesday June
during a special workshop
31 1986, 7:30 p.m. at the Town Hail. This
forum will help establish growth manage-
ment policies for the next 5 years. Your
presence and participation is requested.
/I
NOTICE
Ttr Ftanriing board of ttia Town of Kin
ply ,nMonin o . hold
or Tfw,s�MSY
ISM at 7:30 p.m. m the Msering Room of
i.
the Kill Devil Mills Munidipal Comets g
1634 N. Croatan M19,"- . TM meeting
will pegin at 7:30 Din• and the Items to
W dlecusead arilisted as p bow•
7�g Call To Order
7:31 1. ft) Can
712 It. Approval of Minutes. April IIL
Igoe Meeting
IN fit. Old Business
L Site Plan Review — J arW L
Group Ltd., Lots 2.3.4. 5. 6. Sec. 3. Tract
3. Oeaan Acres Subdivision. DfoPossd
mult14smlly re kWIlal devalOP"k nt.
IL90 IV. New Business
a. Freliminary Conditional Use R►
pwri — Vehicle Impoundment Vard. Lot
63 and 44. Fresh Fond Drive Oealop•
Inert.
am Break
6:30 V.Olher Business
IL Lass Plan Update
of questionnaire results and /�66
of policy state farts as Den of
6 Kill
OMvli Mills Land Use Plan Update.
,&.W V. Adloumment
Otatmino Dowd Clerk .
B.B,tle
NOTICE
Th I"
art, of the Town of Kill
Devil Mnb w.) old t a first meeting for
the Mann of July on Tuesday. July 6.
19H at 7:30 D. m. in the MeeL"19 Room of
the Kill Dew.) Mills Municipal
ompl to
1o3a N. Croatan Highway. The items
be discussedaA3Eted low:
7:3D Cali to Order
731 1. Roll Call
7:32 It. Aporoval of Minutes. June 24.
16e6 Meeting
7 35 Ill. Old Business — w O W.
a. Silo Plan Review
Associates. Lots 1 t 2. Block 12. Seddon
1. Kitty Hawk Shares
S:00 IV. New Susiness
a. Draft Flood Control Ordinance
Review
6:30 V. Other Business
if, Land US@ Plan Update — PC"
discussion on energy facilities.
nistorical Ores# Sion, tourism. pubft
participation. d slate and tederat faro•
rims.
6:30 VI. culmrWA
CMA • E BEASLEY
Pis g Clerk 741119
NOTICE
The Planning Board of tns Town of Kill
Devil Mills will meet in a Well shop sw
Mori on Tuesday. June 3. 19M. to
"foolish policies to be included in the
11166 Kill Devil Mills Land Use Plan UP,
date.
A number of policy Issues will be
discussed, including grawin, Men•
atf ai Alt 10 tll.a lopment• water.
wastewater, local rosas.housing. beach
access. shoreline erosion• and others
All Interested onRens and reprefen•
tatives of civic groups are encouraged t0
attend and participate In the discus-
sions. The workshop will begin at 7:30
p.m. In the Meeting Room of the Kill
Down Mills Municlow Complex. 1634 N.
Croatian highway.
`1.x
Y r
cc
NOTICE
The Planning Board of theTown of Kill
Devil Hills will nOid the Second nutting
for the month of July on Tuesday. July
22. 119e6. at ':30 p m. in the Meel,ng
foOM, of the Kill Dew.) Hills Municipal
Como 1634 N. Crcatan riignway The
Items to be diacusseC are listed below:
AOENDA
7:30 Call TO Order
7:31 1. Roil Call
7:32 II. ADprcval of Minutas. July 4
low Meeting
7;35 111 Old Business
7.45 IV New Business
A. Cond:tionsi Use Request
Mkhafi E. Sam, home d:cupation
7 S6 V. Other Business
A. Land Use Upeate. policy issue
discussions
9:45 VI. Adlournnl#nt
CHARLOTTE BEASLEY
Planning Board Clerk
114
112
I
H
i�

u
L
1
u
1
NOTICE
The Planning Board of the Town of Kill
Davit Mills will fold its first cleating for
Via month of August on Tuesday,
August 5, 1986 at 7:30 p.m. in the
Municipal Complex, 163a N. Croatan
Highway. The items to be discussed are
Wad below.
AGENDA
7:30 Call To Order
7:31 Roll Call
7:32 11, Approval of Minutes, July 22,
"M Meeting
7:35 III. Old Business
A) Rough Draft Kull D"i Hills Land
leas Plan 1966 update.
B) Rough Draft Hurricane Mdigs-
Mon Chapter
9:45 IV. New Business
A) Rough Draft — Street Specifics-
tions
W..15 V. 0tfw Business
9,30 YI. Adjoumment
CHARLOTTE BEASLEY
Planning Clerk 9 3 sc
NOTICE
The Planning Board of the Town of Kill
Devil Hills will hold the second meeting
for the month of August on Tuesday.
August 19. 1986 at 7:30 p.m. in the
Meeting Room of the Kill Devil Mills
Municipal Complex, 1634 N. Croatan
Highway. The items to be discussed are
listed below:
AGENDA
7:30 Call To Order
7:31 L Roll Call
732 If. Approval of Minutes, August 3,
1986 Meeting.
735 Ill. Old Business
a. J 6 L Group — Site Plan Review.
Proposed 6 unit condo., Ocean Acres
Subdivision. Section Ill.
IL00 IV. New Business
820 V. Other Business
a. Land Use Plan Update — RMew
Of draft and land classification maps.
0'00 VI. Adjournment
CHARLOTTE BEASLEY
Planning Board Clark
♦17,19c
TOWN OF
KILL DEVIL MILLS
NOTICE OF
PUBLIC NEARING
FOR CONSIDERATION
OF PROPOSED LAND
USE PLAN UPDATE
Notice is hereby given of a public
hearing to be hold by the Board of Com.
miss,oners of the Town of Kill Devil Mills
Of the council Chambers in the Town
Mail on Monday. August 10. 1987 a1 9:D0
a.m. for the purpose of considering an
Update to the Land Use Plan of the
Town
The purpose of this public hearing is
to provide the public the opportunity to
Comment on this updated Land Use
Plan.
The proposed update is designed to
establish a set of guidelines that can be
used to direct the future growth of Kill
Devil Hills.
This document wil! manage the future
development of K'II Devil Hills in such a
fashion that the local economy will pro-
press at a rate that provides for an &C.
Cfptaple level of growth that is Compali•
ble with the environment and the eouaii.
ty of life the citizens of this community
have come to enjoy.
The proposed Land Use Plan Update
is on file in the office of Planning Direc•
for and trio office of the Town Clerk of
Kill Devil Hills and is available for public
Inspection. A Copy is also available in
the office Of the Cleric, Dare County
Courthouse.
At the conclusion of the public hear.
Ing the Kill Devil Hills Boarc of Commis.
sicners may acf upon the Kill Devi- h its
Land Use Pfan U,^oa!e. which aet'o,,
may include aCopticn, relecticn or.tar),•
Ing the UDCate for future conside!ahcn
Posted this 29th day of June. 1987.
MARY E. OUIDLEY.
Clerk
Town Of Kill Devil Hills.
7.2.9.16.23.30c
PUBLIC NOTICE
NOTICE is hereby given that on Mon.
day, August 10. 1987 the Kill Devil Mills
Board of Commissioners will hold its
HillslsTownt Millbeg nningthe
ast 9:30
o'clock a.m.
too a.m.
Public Hearings
IL KDH Land Use Plan Update
b. Zoning Ordinance Amendment —
Chapter 20. Section 20-53.2
C. Building4s Amendment — Chapter
4. Section 1.12(&X2Xb)
9.30 a.m.
Silent Prayer and Pledge of Allegiance
Agenda Approval
Approval of the Minutes of July 13,
1667• July 29, 1967 and July 31, 1g87
Old Business
New Business
Site Plans
tlOnal UUssetl ReouestLforr H tome ,Oee psi.
tiOn — Miles Clark Subdivision
Mayor's Agenda
Commissioner's Agenda
Town Manager's Agenda
Town Attorney's Agenda
Consent Agenda
Public Comment
Posted this 31 sl day of July, 1907.
AUfW.E OUIOLET -
Qerk
115