Land Use Plan Update-1996

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TOWN OF INDIAN BEACH
1996 LAND USE PLAN UPDATE
Approved by the Board of Commissioners: June 11, 1997. .
Certified by the Coastal Resources Commission: July 25, 1997.
Holland Consulting Planners, Inc.
Wilmington, North Carolina
The preparation of this document was financed in part through a grant provided by the North Carolina
Coastal Management Program, through funds provided by the Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972,
as amended, which is administered by the Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management, National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.

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TOWN OF INDIAN BEACH, NORTH CAROLINA
FY95/96 LAND USE PLAN UPDATE
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Paae
SECTION I: ANALYSIS OF EXISTING CONDITIONS
A.
ESTABLISHMENT OF INFORMATION BASE .......................... 1-1
B.
POPULATION AND HOUSING ....................................
1-7
1.
Population............................................1-7
a. Permanent Population Growth, 1970-1994 .................
1-7
b. Composition and Age ................................
1-9
2.
Town of Indian Beach Seasonal Population ....................
1-10
a. Introduction and Methodology ........................
1-10
b. Seasonal Population ................................
1-11
3.
Day Visitor Usage of Indian Beach ...........................
1-11
4.
Housing Characteristics ...................................
1-11
5.
Summary............................................1-13
C.
ECONOMY................................................1-13
D.
EXISTING LAND USE.........................................I-18
1 .
Western Indian Beach ...................................
1-20
a. Commercial ......................................
1-20
b. Institutional ......................................
1-20
C. Residential......................................1-20
d. Vacant Land .....................................
1-20
2.
Eastern Indian Beach ....................................
1-21
a. Residential ......................................
1-21
b. Private Recreation .................................
1-21
C. Vacant Land .....................................
1-21
d. Salter Path/Hoffman Beach ...........................
1-21
3.
Basinwide Water Quality Management ........................
1-21
4.
Summary of Existing Land Use Issues ........................
1-24
5.
Existing Ordinances and Land Use Controls ....................
1-24
6.
Effectiveness of the 1994 Land Use Plan and Policies .............
1-27
E.
DEVELOPMENT CONSTRAINTS: PUBLIC FACILITIES ..................
1-27
1.
Water Supply .........................................
1-27
2.
Sewage Disposal .......................................
1-27
3.
Drainage .............................................
1-29
4.
Solid Waste Disposal ....................................
1-29
5.
Schools.............................................1-30
6.
Transportation .........................................
1-32
7.
Police .......... .....................................
1-32
8.
Fire and Rescue Services .................................
1-32
9.
Recreation ...........................................
1-32
10.
Electrical Distribution ....................................
1-32
11.
Cable Television .......................................
1-33
12.
Administration .........................................
1-33
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F. DEVELOPMENT CONSTRAINTS: LAND SUITABILITY .................. 1-33
1.
Topography/Geology....................................
1-33
2.
Flood
Hazard Areas .....................................
1-34
3.
Soils
................................................1-38
4.
Man-made Hazards/Restrictions ............................
1-40
5.
Fragile
Areas ..........................................
1-40
a.
Coastal Wetlands .................................
1-40
b.
Estuarine Waters ..................................
1-40
C.
Estuarine Shorelines ................................
1-42
d.
Public Trust Areas .................................
1-42
e.
Ocean Hazard Areas ...............................
1-42
f.
Outstanding Resource Waters .........................
1-43
g.
404 Wetlands ....................................
1-43
h.
Maritime Forests ..................................
1-44
i.
Slopes in Excess of 12% ............................
1-44
j.
Excessive Erosion Areas .............................
1-44
k.
Historic and Archaeological Sites ......................
1-44
1.
Closed Shellfishing Areas ............................
1-46
M.
Other Fragile Areas ................................
1-46
6.
Areas
of Resource Potential ...............................
1-46
a.
Public Parks .....................................
1-46
b.
Marine Resources .................................
1-46
C.
Agricultural and Forestlands ..........................
1-47
SECTION II: DEMOGRAPHIC DATA
A.
PROJECTED DEMAND FOR DEVELOPMENT .........................
II-1
1. General Discussion .....................................
11-1
2. Population Projections ...................................
II-1
3. Housing Trends ........................................
II-4
4. Commercial and Industrial Land Use .........................
II-4
5. Transportation .........................................
II-5
6. Public Land Use ........................................
II-5
7. Areas Likely to Experience Major Land Use Changes ..............
II-5
8. Summary ............................................
II-5
B.
PROJECTED PUBLIC FACILITIES NEEDS/AVAILABILITY ................
II-6
C.
REDEVELOPMENT ISSUES .....................................
11-6
D.
INTERGOVERNMENTAL COORDINATION AND IMPLEMENTATION .........
II-7
SECTION III: LAND CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM ........................... III-1
SECTION IV: POLICY STATEMENTS
A. VISION STATEMENT.........................................IV-3
B. RESOURCE PROTECTION POLICY STATEMENTS ..................... IV-3
C. MISCELLANEOUS RESOURCE PROTECTION ........................ IV-5
D. RESOURCE PRODUCTION AND MANAGEMENT POLICIES ............... IV-7
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E. ECONOMIC AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT POLICY STATEMENTS ..... IV-9
F. CONTINUING PUBLIC PARTICIPATION POLICIES .. IV-13
INDIAN BEACH POST -DISASTER RECONSTRUCTION PLAN AND POLICIES ...... IV-14
SECTION V: RELATIONSHIP OF POLICIES AND LAND CLASSIFICATIONS ........ V-1
TABLES
Table 1
Town of Indian Beach and Carteret County, NC
Summary of Year -Round Population Growth by Township and
Municipality, 1970-1994
1-8
Table 2
Town of Indian Beach, 1980-1990
Population Characteristics by Age Groups ..................
1-9
Table 3
Town of Indian Beach, Carteret County, 1980-1990
Table 4
Percentage Change in Population by Sex ...................
Town of Indian Beach
1-9
Seasonal, Permanent, and Total Peak Population, 1995 ........
1-10
Table 5
Town of Indian Beach
Building Permits and Construction Costs, 1986-September, 1995
1-11
Table 6
Town of Indian Beach Housing Summary
Tenure and Vacancy, 1980 and 1990 .....................
1-12
Table 7
Town of Indian Beach 1990 Housing Age ..................
1-12
Table 8
Town of Indian Beach Labor Force Status - 1990 .............
1-13
Table 9
Town of Indian Beach Mean Household Income, 1989 .........
1-14
Table 10
Town of Indian Beach, 1990
Employed Persons 16 Years and Older by Industry ............
1-14
Table 11
Table 12
Town of Indian Beach Employment by Class of Worker, 1990 ....
Town of Indian Beach Poverty Status, 1990
1-15
1-15
Table 13
Town of Indian Beach, Fiscal Years 1990 - 1995
General Governmental Revenues and Expenditures by Function ...
1-17
Table 14
Town of Indian Beach Existing Land Use Acreage .............
1-18
Table 15
Carteret County Watershed Report - Watershed 03020106030082
1-23
Table 16
Town of Indian Beach, 1995
Table 17
Public/Private Package Treatment and Disposal Systems ........
Enrollment in Carteret County Schools, 1989-1995
1-27
1-30
Table 18
Table 19
Town of Indian Beach Soil Susceptibility to Flooding ..........
Town of Indian Beach Soil Associations - Degree and Kind of
1-37
Limitation for State Use ...............................
1-38
Table 20
Maritime Forest Area Definition, Function, and Management .....
1-45

TABLES (continued)
Paqe
Table 21 Town of Indian Beach and Carteret County, NC
Summary of Year -Round Population Growth by Township and
Municipality, 1990-2005 .............................. II-2
Table 22 Town of Indian Beach Total Peak Population ................ II-3
Table 23 Town of Indian Beach Average Annual Population Growth Rate and
Percent Change, 1994-2005 ........................... II-3
Table 24 Hurricane Forces Associated with Town Environments ......... IV-16
MAPS
Map 1 Town of Indian Beach Existing Land Use .................. 1-19
Map 2 Town of Indian Beach Flood Hazard Map .................. 1-35
Map 3 Town of Indian Beach Storm Surge Inundation Areas ......... 1-36
Map 4 Town of Indian Beach Soils Map ........................ 1-39
Map 5 Town of Indian Beach Areas of Environmental Concern and Other
Fragile Areas ...................................... 1-41
Map 6 Town of Indian Beach Land Classification Map .............. III-3
APPENDICES
Appendix I Town of Indian Beach Land Use Plan Policies Considered But Not Adopted
Appendix II Town of Indian Beach Citizen Participation Plan
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SECTION I: ANALYSIS OF EXISTING CONDITIONS
A. ESTABLISHMENT OF INFORMATION BASE
This 1995 Land Use Plan Update for the Town of Indian Beach is prepared in accordance with
requirements of the North Carolina Coastal Area Management Act (CAMA). Specifically, this
document complies with Subchapter 713, "Land Use Planning Guidelines," of the North Carolina
Administrative Code, as amended in 1995.
"Local governments, through the land use planning process, address issues and
adopt policies that guide the development of their community. Many decisions
affecting development are made by other levels of government, and local
policies must consider and be consistent with established state and federal
policies. Most development -related decisions, however, are primarily of local
concern. Polices which address the type of development to be encouraged, the
density and patterns of development, and the methods of providing public
access to beaches and waterfronts are examples of these local policy decisions.
By carefully and explicitly addressing development of these issues in the Land
Use Plan, other levels of government will be able to consider local policies in
their actions that affect those issues. State and federal agencies use the local
land use plan and policies in making project consistency, funding and permit
decisions."
The Land Use Plan shall be presented in the following general format:
(1) a summary of data collection;
(2) an analysis of all data collected;
(3) statements of local policy on those land use planning issues which will affect
the community during the 10-year planning period;
(4) a map of existing land uses and a land classification map;
(5) a discussion of the relationship between the local government's adopted policies
and the land classification map;
(6) a discussion of how adjacent governments' plans were considered in the
preparation of the land use plan;
(7) a Citizen Participation Plan.
In addition, the plan should address the following:
-- Identification of existing constraints to development, land use incompatibility
problems, and environmentally -sensitive areas.
-- Provision of land use guidelines to assist private individuals in supporting local
government commitment to planned, environmentally sound residential/
commercial development endeavors.
-- Analysis of intergovernmental issues and incorporation of local land use policies
into the regional, state and federal planning framework.
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-- Provision of policy decisions affecting land use and development.
It should be noted that the policy section of this plan is the most important part of the
document. State and federal agencies will use the local land use policies in making project
consistency, funding and permit decisions.
The 1994 Town of Indian Beach Land Use Plan included policy statements which addressed
the five policy areas of: Resource Protection, Resource Production and Management,
Economic and Community Development, Continuing Public Participation, and Storm Hazard
Mitigation, Post -Disaster Recovery, and Evacuation Plans. Those policies supported the 15A
NCAC 7H minimum use standards. The only policy exceeding the 15A NCAC 7H minimum
use standards is the policy which opposes floating homes. The following provides a partial
summary of the 1994 policies:
Resource Protection Policies
-- Discourage development in areas where soils type have severe bearing on capacity
constraints.
-- Support development in AECs only if such development meets Indian Beach Zoning
Ordinance requirements as well as the management objectives stated in 15 NCAC
7H.0203 and the use standards in 15 NCAC 7H.0208 and .0209.
-- Continue to support and amend existing zoning ordinance standards to ensure that any
development within AECs does not weaken or eliminate natural barriers to erosion.
-- Seek assistance from the state and federal governments to protect beaches from
excessive storm erosion and to nourish them so that life and property will be protected.
-- The town strongly encourages beach replenishment via deposition of pump spoils
obtained during maintenance dredging of sound and intracoastal waterways.
-- Examine the potential for the future construction of marinas in the town planning area,
as well as in adjoining county areas. This construction shall be according to the
following Coastal Management standards. It is the position of Indian Beach that
existing policies and standards for marina development are sufficient.
-- Initiate studies relative to the identification of and nomination procedure for expanded
Areas of Environmental Concern under Section .0500 of 15A NCAC 7H for other
hazardous or fragile land areas, including but not limited to fresh and brackish water
swamps and marshes, 404 wetlands, water supply areas and other waters with special
values, cultural and historic resources, and manmade hazards.
-- Ensure that the protection of existing and future potable water supplies and resources
will be consistent with all state and federal policies and guidelines.
-- Support strict county administration of septic tank regulations and health code
requirements.
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-- Support the North Carolina Sedimentation Code by reference, with local modification
to protect estuarine waters from excessive sedimentation resulting from building
construction, surface runoff, and land modification and use.
-- Support and promote land use regulatory requirements near groundwater sources as
regulated by the North Carolina Division of Water Quality, via N.C.A.C. Subchapters
2L and 2C.
-- Support of state efforts to remove leaking underground storage tanks (USTs) and to
restore adversely affected water supplies.
-- Support state and federal programs that regulate underground storage of hazardous
materials. Support regulations that require tightness testing for existing tanks and
construction standards for new tanks. Immediate removal of leaking tanks should be
required. Support establishment of a state fund to stop tank leaks and to clean up
affected water supplies.
-- Continue to support capacity use groundwater monitoring by the Division of Water
Quality.
-- Allow the use of package systems where they are deemed necessary to protect the
environment after meeting all county and state standards and requirements.
-- Suggest the use of package treatment facilities for all future mobile home, multiple
residential and commercial developments.
-- The town supports the development of a regional sanitary sewer system by the
County.
-- The town requires any request for the approval of a private package treatment facility
to meet all applicable local, state, and federal health requirements.
Stormwater Runoff
-- The town supports state stormwater runoff criteria applicable to land development.
There currently are no additional Indian Beach requirements.
Marina and Floating Homes
-- It is the policy of Indian Beach to exclude floating homes from within its Corporate
Limits. Marina development should be mentioned in this context as a potential future
project within the town planning area. The town allows the development of marinas
and dry stack storage facilities at appropriate locations provided that such development
is consistent with other Resource Protection Policies as well as all state and federal
regulations. The Indian Beach Zoning Ordinance contains a permitted use for marinas.
The town currently supports all state and federal regulations which apply to marina
development.
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Industrial Impacts on Fragile Areas
-- The town does not feel the need for further restrictions and/or regulations which deal
with industrial impacts on fragile areas. The town supports all existing state and
federal requirements in this regard.
Upland Excavation for Marina Basins
-- The town also allows maintenance dredging of upland marinas including approach
channels as long as this action meets all applicable ordinances and regulations.
Resource Production and Management Policies
-- Discourage clear cutting of lots and preserve maritime forestal [sic] areas.
-- Strongly oppose current Transportation Improvement Plan (TIP) to construct a third
bridge terminating in extremely sensitive Maritime Forest Areas or any other areas
within the town. This action would be in direct opposition to Vegetation Requirements
as indicated in the Zoning Ordinance.
Off -Road Vehicles ■
-- The town does consider off -road vehicles to be an issue of potential concern. The
town supports current seasonal restrictions on off -road vehicle beach access.
Residential, Commercial, and Industrial Land Development Impacts
-- The town supports all local, state, and federal policies which regulate residential,
commercial, and industrial land development impacts on resources. The town does not
support state plans to construct a third access bridge.
Economic and Community Development Policies
General Town Goal
-- The Town of Indian Beach is opposed to the construction of a third access bridge that
terminates in Indian Beach. The negative impacts on vegetation, noise, traffic, air
pollution, and runoff would be extremely detrimental to the economic development and
general well being of Indian Beach.
General Town Commitment
-- Maintain the capacity of the town's public works facilities and services to
accommodate growing permanent and seasonal populations.
-- Advocate and pursue a county -wide sewer system.
-- Encourage off-street parking areas in close proximity to public access points to the
ocean and sound.
10,

IGeneral Locational and Development Characteristics
-- Continue to ensure maximum possible enforcement of housing construction and
maintenance codes.
-- The town encourages the redevelopment and revitalization of existing underutilized
commercial areas, placing an emphasis on (1) improving those areas which currently
exhibit deleterious environmental and visual impacts and (2) increasing development
densities on properties which are capable of supporting higher land use intensities
without being deleterious to the environment and public infrastructure. In an effort to
achieve these goals, the town will, when possible, maintain active contact with
absentee land owners.
Commitment to Jurisdictional, Regional, State, and Federal Economic Development Activities
-- The town remains committed to state and federal programs such as erosion control,
public access, and highway improvements (with the noted exception of the third
access bridge).
Coastal and Estuarine Water Access
-- The town supports opportunities for waterfront access and continues to undertake
active efforts to increase such access to public trust waters.
-- Pursue funding for the purchase of an existing upland marina basin via state and federal
sources.
-- Protect and ensure optimum access to and recreational opportunities at beach and
launching areas including those adjacent to the Squatters Restaurant as well as the
Carteret County Regional Access at Salter Path.
-- Limit access to the beach to emergency vehicles only, except between Labor Day and
Memorial Day when four-wheel drive beach vehicles are permitted in an effort to
provide access. The Mayor may close the beach to vehicles at any time to protect the
1 public. Beaches within Indian Beach are patrolled by Emerald Isle Police under
contract.
IChannel Maintenance
-- Indian Beach supports ongoing efforts to maintain open and navigable waters within
and around its jurisdiction. The town also encourages deposition of dredge spoils in
the form of ocean/beach renourishment policies.
IEnergy Facility Sitin
-- The siting of Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) energy facilities is not an issue with the
town at this point in time.
-- The town does not specifically encourage public or private projects related to energy
facility siting and development. Due to the potential environmental impacts of such a
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project, the town is reluctant to support any OCS facilities. If the issue were to arise,
the town would address the issue using existing Zoning and pending subdivision
ordinances. Where local ordinances and/or regulations do not apply, the town fully
supports existing state and federal regulations which apply to energy facility siting.
The reader is cautioned that this is only a partial listing of the most significant policy
statements.
Listed below are some of the sources and documents utilized during preparation of this Land
Use Plan:
-- Carteret County 1991 Land Use Plan Update
-- Town of Indian Beach 1994 Land Use Plan Update
-- USDA, Soil Conservation Service, Carteret County
-- NCDOT, Planning and Policies Section
-- Town of Indian Beach Staff
-- Carteret County School Board
-- North Carolina Division of Archives and History
-- Flood Insurance Study, Town of Indian Beach
-- Town of Indian Beach Zoning Ordinance
-- N.C. State Data Center, Office of State Planning
-- Town of Indian Beach Subdivision Ordinance
-- Environmental Impact Statement, Carteret County
-- An Assessment of Maritime Forest Resources on the .North Carolina Coast,
November 1988
-- North Carolina Division of Community Assistance
-- North Carolina Division of Coastal Management
-- North Carolina Department of Economic and Community Development
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1 B. POPULATION AND HOUSING
1. Population
a. Permanent Population Growth, 1970-1994
Indian Beach is located in Carteret County, on Bogue Banks, between Pine Knoll Shores
and Emerald Isle. Since 1970, Carteret County has experienced tremendous population
growth. In fact, between 1980-1994, Carteret County was the sixth fastest growing CAMA-
regulated county and was 24th in the entire state. This growth is the result of a number of
factors, including the following: growing retirement and recreation centers, increased military
and industrial presence, peak population growth, and a national trend of migration to non -
metropolitan areas. The overall growth of Carteret County has served to support and
stimulate the growth of Indian Beach and other county municipalities.
Table 1 provides a complete summary of year-round population growth within Carteret
County. Carteret County's rate of growth from 1970 to 1980 was twice the growth rate of
the 1960s. Since 1980, population growth, although extremely high, has occurred at a
continually decreasing rate. The N.C. State Data Center has forecast this trend to continue
through the year 2003. A large percentage of the growth in Carteret County from 1970-1994
has occurred in the incorporated beach communities and in the extraterritorial jurisdiction of
the municipalities. The Town of Indian Beach had an increase in population between the years
1980-1994 of 123 permanent residents for a 227.8% increase. There are no population
figures for the town in 1970 since it had not yet been incorporated.
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Table 1
Town of Indian Beach and Carteret County, NC
Summary of Year -Round Population Growth by Township and Municipality, 1970 - 1994
Township
Municipality or Area
Year Round Population
Percentage Change
Overall
1970
1980
1990
1994
'70-'80
'80-'90
'90-'94
'70294
1) Atlantic
Total Township
814
810
805
803
-0.49%
-0.62%
-0.26%
-1.37%
2) Beaufort
Beaufort
3,368
3,826
3,808
3,997
13.60%
-0.47%
4.96%
18.68%
Unincorporated Areas
2,779
3,166
4,205
4,644
13.93%
32.82%
10.45%
67.12%
Total Township
6,147
6,992
8,013
8,641
13.75%
14.60%
7.84%
40.58%
3) Cedar Island
Total Township
290
333
385
407
14.83%
15.62%
5.71 %
40.34%
4) Davis
Total Township
456
492
535
553
7.89%
8.74%
3.40%
21.31 %
5) Harkers Island
Total Township
1,639
1,910
2,237
2,375
16.53%
17.12%
6.18%
44.92%
6) Harlowe
Total Township
762
956
1,190
1,289
25.46%
24.48%
8.31%
69.15%
7) Marshallberg
Total Township
525
580
646
674
10.48%
11.38%
4.32%
28.36%
8) Merrimon
Total Township
330
426
542
591
29.09%
27.23%
9.05%
79.10%
9) Morehead City
Atlantic Beach
300
941
1,958
2,267
213.67%
108.08%
15.78%
655.67%
Indian Beach
0
54
153
177
N/A
183.33%
15.69%
N/A
Morehead City
5,233
4,359
6,046
6,384
-16.70%
38.70%
5.59%
22.00%
Pine Knoll Shores
0
646
1,360
1,543
N/A
110.53%
13.46%
N/A
Unincorporated Areas
6,396
9,803
10,985
11,485
53.27%
12.06%
4.55%
79.56%
Total Township
11,929
15,803
20,502
21,856
32.48%
29.73%
6.60%
83.21 %
10) Newport
Newport
1,735
1,883
2,516
2,778
8.53%
33.62%
10.41%
60.12%
Unincorporated Areas
2,191
3,586
4,817
5,337
63.67%
34.33%
10.80%
143.61 %
Total Township
3,926
5,469
7,333
8,115
39.30%
34.08%
10.67%
106.71 %
11) Sea Level
Total Township
347
540
773
872
55.62%
43.15%
12.74%
151.15%
12) Smyrna
Total Township
517
637
782
843
23.21 %
22.76%
7.84%
63.1 1 %
13) Stacy
Total Township
257
322
401
434
25.29%
24.53%
8.33%
69.03%
14) Straits
Total Township
1,166
1,520
1,948
2,129
30.36%
28.16%
9.29%
82.58%
15) White Oak
Cape Carteret
616
944
1,008
1,179
53.25%
6.78%
16.96%
91.40%
Emerald Isle
122
865
2,434
2,798
609.02%
181.39%
14.95%
2193.44%
Cedar Point
0
0
628
688
N/A
N/A
9.55%
N/A
Unincorporated Areas
1,758
2,493
2,413
2,379
41.81 %
-3.21 %
-1.40%
35.33%
Total Township
2,496
4,302
6,483
7,044
72.36%
50.70%
8.66%
182.22%
Total Municipalities
11,374
13,518
19,911
21,811
18.85%
47.29%
9.54%
91.76%
Total Unincorporated Areas
20,229
27,574
32,662
34,813
36.31 %
18.45%
6.59%
72.09%
Total County
31,603
41,092
52,573
56,624
30.03%
27.94%
7.71 %
79.19%
Sources: N.C. State Data Center; extrapolation of data for unincorporated areas
by Holland Consulting
Planners, Inc.
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b. Composition and Age
Since 1980, the median age of Indian Beach's population has increased. Indian
Beach's population aged 55 and over is higher than the county's percentage of population over
55. In addition, the town's percentage of population over 65 was 17% in 1990, compared
to 12% for the state and 11 % for the county in 1990. Once again, this high percentage of
those aged 55 and older is highly indicative of a retirement community (see Table 2).
Table 2
Town of Indian Beach, 1980-1990
Population Characteristics by Age Groups
1980
1990
Age Group Number % of Total
Number % of Total
Under 5 2 3.7%
9 5.8%
5-14 12 22.2%
2 1.3%
15-24 6 11.1 %
12 7.9%
25-34 5 9.3%
12 7.9%
35-44 9 16.7 %
24 15.7 %
45-54 4 7.4%
32 20.9%
55-64 8 14.8%
36 23.5%
65 and over 8 14.8%
26 17.0%
Total 54 100.0%
153 100.0%
Source: N.C. State Data Center, Office of State Planning.
The town's population composition by sex has
remained fairly constant from 1980 to
1990 (see Table 3). During this period, the male population increased by 292% while the
female population increased by 275%. There is currently a 50/50% male/female ratio. The
male/female ratio is consistent with that of Carteret County in 1990.
Table 3
Town of Indian Beach, Carteret County, 1980-1990
Percentage Change in Population by Sex
Indian Beach
Carteret County
1980 % 1990 %
1980 % 1990 %
Male 26 48% 76 50%
20,435 50% 25,968 49%
Female 28 52% 77 50%
20,657 50% 26,588 51 %
Total 54 100% 153 100%
41,092 100% 52,556 100%
Source: N.C. State Data Center, Office of State Planning.
The Town of Indian Beach has an extremely small non -white population. The 1990
census data indicated only eight Asian/Pacific Islander and no black residents. The non -white

population can be expected to remain relatively low in proportion to the total population in the
future. From 1970 to 1990, the total non -white population in Carteret County has grown at
a rate well below the white population growth rate.
2. Town of Indian Beach Seasonal Population
a. Introduction and Methodology
Indian Beach's permanent and year-round population is supplemented by a significant
peak seasonal population. The methodology used in this study will closely follow a
demographic analysis of recreational population for the Albemarle -Pamlico region prepared by
Paul D. Tschetter of East Carolina University in 1988. The advantage of the ECU analysis is
that it relies on an extensive empirical enumeration of marine boat slips, motel rooms, and
campgrounds in addition to private seasonal housing units. The study also includes an
excellent approach to estimating average population by type of individual housing unit. For
purposes of the ECU study (and this demographic analysis), "total seasonal housing units"
includes 1) all single- and multi -family private housing units used by the overnight tourist
population rather than the permanent population; 2) all motel/hotel rooms (including bed and
breakfasts); 3) all seasonal and transient campground sites; and 4) all individual marina wet
slips capable of docking boats of a size and type which can house people overnight. Marina
facilities for fueling/repair only (no overnight dockage), and those that only dock commercial
fishing boats, are excluded from the enumeration of seasonal housing units. An enumeration
of seasonal housing units was conducted to arrive at the totals presented in Table 4.
Table 4
Town of Indian Beach
Seasonal, Permanent, and Total Peak Population, 1995
1995*
Number Persons Seasonal
Housing Type of Units Per Unit Population
I
U
I
Motel/Hotel
8
4
32121
Campsites
446
3.5
1,338
Boat Slips (Commercial) [31
40
3.25
111
Private Housing Units [11
1,118
5
5,590 [21
Total
1,612 [41
7,071
Permanent Population 177
Peak Seasonal Population 7,071
Total Peak Population 7,248
[1) Includes units "vacant -held for occasional use" and "other vacant" as classified by the 1990 U.S. Census.
[21 Seasonal population figures for Motel/Hotel and Private Housing Units are based on a 100% occupancy rate.
[31 85% occupied.
[41 Source: Town of Indian Beach.
* The figures for Motel/Hotel, Campsites, and Boat Slips are current as of December, 1995. The most recent data available for
Private Housing Units and Permanent Population is 1990.

11
1
11
b. Seasonal Population
Table 4 illustrates that the Town of Indian Beach has a total of 1,612 seasonal units,
a peak seasonal population of 7,071, and a total peak population of 7,248. "Peak seasonal
population" can be defined as the population that would be enumerated in all seasonal housing
units if all of those units were occupied at full capacity, based on average assumed household
sizes for each type of unit. One exception is marina boat slips, where the ECU study suggest
an occupancy rate of 85%. Although "peak seasonal population" is based on a number of
variables, it is a very useful statistic for planning purposes, since it provides a logically derived
summary of the possible total occupancy in seasonal units during peak overnight tourism
periods (Memorial Day, Fourth of July, and Labor Day weekends). "Total peak population"
is simply the sum of the permanent population and peak seasonal population.
3. Day Visitor Usage of Indian Beach
Day visitation will increase the population of Indian Beach during the tourist or summer
season. The Town of Indian Beach estimated a total peak day visitor population of
approximately 1,600 persons on July 4, 1995.
4. Housing Characteristics
Since 1980, Indian Beach has experienced some residential construction growth. In 1980,
there were 636 dwelling units. By 1990, the number had risen to 848, an increase of 33%.
From 1986-September, 1995, Indian Beach issued 927 building permits. These include
permits for residential, commercial, and miscellaneous construction. Between 1990-
September, 1995, there were a total of 409 residential building permits issued. This provides
a general indicator for the number of new homes built during the period. If this figure were
added to the total number of homes provided by the 1990 U.S. Census, it would result in a
total of 1,257 residential homes currently in Indian Beach. The following table provides
additional information on building permits in Indian Beach.
Table 5
Town of Indian Beach
Building Permits and Construction Costs,
1986-September, 1995
Year Number of Permits
Construction ($)
1986
52
N/A
1987
64
$425,000
1988
85
$407,000
1989
92
$474,000
1990
125
$841,500
1991
121
$625,800
1992
112
$500,000
1993
96
$510,000
1994
93
$700,000
Sept. 1995
87
$600,000
Total 927 $5,083,300
Source: Town of Indian Beach Building Inspector and Indian Beach Tax Records.
-11

As Table 6 indicates, there has been a 23 % increase in housing for occasional or seasonal use
since 1980. Furthermore, there has been a 207% increase in year-round housing from 1980
to 1990. These figures support the idea that the town is developing into a retiree and
residential resort community.
Table 6
Town of Indian Beach Housing Summary
Tenure and Vacancy, 1980 and 1990
Item
1980
1990
Total Units
636
848
Total Year -Round Units
29
89
Occupied Units
22
83
Renter
2
18
Owner -occupied
20
65
Vacant Units
7
6
For Occasional or Seasonal Use
607
745
Source: N.C. State Data Center, Office of State Planning.
Approximately 34% of the housing units in Indian Beach are less than ten years old, and
approximately 83% of all housing units are less than twenty-five years old. See Table 7.
Table 7
Town of Indian Beach
1990 Housing Age
Year Structure Built
Number
1989 to March 1990
6
1985 to 1988
282
1980 to 1984
191
1970 to 1979
228
1960 to 1969
112
1950 to 1959
26
1940 to 1949
2
1939 or earlier
1
Source: N.C. State Data Center, Office of State Planning.
Few, if any, dwelling units in Indian Beach can be considered substandard. A large portion,
87.8%, of the housing stock is condominiums.
From 1980 to 1990, there has been a significant increase in vacant (seasonal) dwelling units
in Indian Beach. In 1980, vacant dwellings comprised 76% of the town's total housing stock.
In 1990, vacant dwelling units accounted for 90% of the total housing stock.
1-12

I
5. Summary
The following provides a summary of significant demographic and housing findings:
-- Indian Beach has experienced a major population increase from 1980 to 1994
-- 228 %.
-- Since 1980, Indian Beach has experienced the most substantial growth in the
45 to 54 age group, 800%, and the 55 and over age groups, 387.5%.
-- Residential units in Indian Beach have experienced a 33.3 % increase from 1980
to 1990.
-- Indian Beach has virtually no substandard housing.
IC. ECONOMY
Indian Beach appears to have a strong local economy. 1990 Census data indicated there were
135 persons of age that were eligible to be included in the labor force. Of that number, 56,
or 41 %, were not active in the labor force. They were either disabled, retired, or not
' employed by choice. Additional labor force data is provided in Table 8.
Table 8
Town of Indian Beach
Labor Force Status - 1990
Male
Female
Total
Labor Force
Armed Forces
0
0
0
Civilian Labor Force:
48
31
79
Employed
48
31
79
Unemployed
0
0
0
Not in Labor Force
20
36
56
Total
68
67
135
Source: N.C. State Data Center, Office of State Planning
(1990 census
data was not available).
Mean household income is an extremely important indicator of a town's economy. The Town
of Indian Beach appears to have a strong stable local economy. Table 9 summarizes mean
household income for Indian Beach, Carteret County, and the State of North Carolina.
-13

Table 9
Town of Indian Beach
Mean Household Income, 1989
Location
1989 Mean
Household Income
Indian Beach $33,750
Carteret County $32,162
North Carolina $33,242
Source: N.C. State Data Center, Office of State Planning.
The high mean household income of Indian Beach is due to the large number of retirees with
substantial retirement income, as well as the high percentage of individuals who own retail and
service businesses. Finance, insurance, real estate, recreation, and entertainment services
account for a substantial percentage of employment in Indian Beach. Table 10 describes
employed persons 16 years and older by industry.
Table 10
Town of Indian Beach, 1990
Employed Persons 16 Years and Older by Industry
Number
Occupation Employed
Agriculture, forestry, fisheries, mining 6
Construction 2
Manufacturing
Nondurable goods
Durable goods
Transportation
Communication, other public utilities
Wholesale trade
Retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services:
Business and repair services
Personal services
Entertainment and recreation
Professional and related services:
Health services
Educational services
Other professional and related services
Public administration
TOTAL EMPLOYED
Source: N.C. State Data Center, Office of State Planning.
5
0
6
0
0
14
17
5
4
0
0
11
5
4
79
% of Total
7.6
2.5
6.3
7.6
17.7
21.6
6.3
5.1
13.9
6.3
5.1
100.0 %
P
1-14

Approximately 57% of all workers in Indian Beach are private wage and salary workers, and
roughly 27% are employed in either federal, state, or local governments. It should be noted
that a high percentage of government workers adds to economic stability in an area such as
Indian Beach. The remainder of workers are mainly self-employed (see Table 11).
Table 11
Town of Indian Beach
Employment by Class of Worker, 1990
Class Number % of Total
Private Wage and Salary Worker 45 57.0
Federal Government Worker 3 3.8
State Government Worker 15 19.0
Local Government Worker 3 3.8
Self -Employed Worker 13 16.4
Unpaid Family Worker 0
' Total 79 100.0%
Source: N.C. State Data Center, Office of State Planning.
Table 12 indicates that the Town of Indian Beach has only a small portion of individuals that
are considered to be below the poverty level. Based on the number of persons enumerated
for poverty status, only 7.8% of the population was considered to be below 75% of poverty
level. On the contrary, approximately 74.6% of the population is reported as having income
200% of the poverty level and above.
Table 12
Town of Indian Beach
Poverty Status, 1990
Income Level Individuals % of Total
Income below 75% of poverty level 12 7.8
Income between 75 and 124% of poverty level 19 12.4
Income between 125 and 149% of poverty level 3 1.9
Income between 150 and 199% of poverty level 5 3.3
Income 200% of poverty level and above 114 74.6
Total 153 100.0%
Source: N.C. State Data Center, Office of State Planning.
new and fiscally sound local government. Over the past six
_ Indian Beach has a relatively y g
years, the town's revenues have exceeded expenditures. The largest source of revenue for
' the town is taxation, while the largest expenditures have been for public safety. Table 13,
attached, provides detailed information on the different sources of revenues as well as the
- -various expenditures of Indian Beach. -
I-15

The following provides a summary of significant economic data for Indian Beach.
-- The unemployment rate for Indian Beach is extremely low.
-- The town's mean household income is a great deal higher than that of Carteret
County and above that of North Carolina.
-- The majority of the town's labor force is employed in the sales and services
industries. Approximately 27% are employed in federal, state, or local
government.
-- The town has had revenues over the last six years which exceeded
expenditures. The major source of revenue is from taxes while the major
expenditures are for public safety.
1-16

r rr rr r� rr rr r rr rr� rr rr� rr rr ri r rr rr rr rr
Table 13
Town of Indian Beach, Fiscal Years 1990 - 1995
General Governmental Revenues and Expenditures By Function
REVENUES BY SOURCE
Fiscal Year
Ad Valorem
Other Taxes
Ended June 30
Taxes
and Licenses
Intergovernmental
Permits & Fees
Earnings
Miscellaneous
Total
1995
$135,390
$95,365
$9,029
$1,391
$11,927
$4,616
$257,718
1994
133,722
108,545
14,516
1,187
7,080
3,324
268,374
1993
170,512
105,484
9,089
1,306
6,813
10,484
303,688
1992
156,645
84,294
7,394
1,105
6,057
8,885
264,380
1991
115,567
87,021
7,179
1,134
8,004
6,010
224,915
1990
121,291
94,292
4,843
913
7,585
7,550
236,474
EXPENDITURES BY FUNCTION
Fiscal Year
General
Environmental
Capital
Debt
Ended June 30
Government
Public Safety
Transportation
Protection
Outlay
Service
Total
1995
$73,084
$174,518
-0-
-0-
-0-
-0-
$247,602
1994
73,783
173,587
-0-
-0-
-0-
-0-
247,370
1993
67,980
160,250
-0-
-0-
-0-
-0-
228,230
1992
65,733
140,473
-0-
-0-
28,004
4,671
238,881
1991
72,009
131,488
-0-
-0-
-0-
-0-
203,497
1990
114,259
144,148
-0-
-0-
-0-
-0-
258,407
Note: (1) Includes General and Special Revenue Funds.
Source: Indian Beach Comprehensive Annual Financial Report (Year Ended June 30, 1995).
1-17

D. EXISTING LAND USE
Since certification of the 1994 Town of Indian Beach CAMA Land Use Plan, there have not
been any significant changes in the town's land use patterns. The town continues to be
divided into eastern and western sections which are separated by the unincorporated area of
Salter Path.
When Indian Beach was incorporated in 1973, and in 1975 when satellite annexation of the
eastern section of the town occurred, the residents of Salter Path did not have deeds to their
property. This circumstance prohibited the incorporation of Salter Path into the town's
jurisdiction. In 1985, a court issued judgement enabling the property owners to secure deeds.
The citizens of Salter Path have not shown any majority interest in zoning or annexation by
the Town of Indian Beach. The Salter Path area remains under the planning jurisdiction of
Carteret County. Indian Beach has not taken any actions to control the area through either
annexation or establishment of extraterritorial jurisdiction. Development in the Salter Path area
will have an impact on both sections of Indian Beach.
Table 14 provides a summary of the existing land use within the Town of Indian Beach. These
figures do not include land uses within the Salter Path area. The existing land use patterns
are depicted on Map 1.
Table 14
Town of Indian Beach
Existing Land Use Acreage
Land Use
Category
Commercial
Institutional
Eastern % of
Section Total
Condominium
7
5%
Mobile Home Park
Single Family
Residential
17
13%
Campground
Private Recreation
8
6%
Vacant
104
76%
TOTAL
136
100%
Source: Holland Consulting Planners, Inc.
Western
% of
Total
% of
Section
Total
Total
10
5%
10
3%
9
4%
9
2%
32
13%
39
10%
75
31%
75
20%
5
2%
22
6%
39
16%
39
10%
8
2%
71
29%
175
47%
241
100%
377
100%
1-18

�J
n
IiIIIIVIf�I
District
Use)
ATLANTIC OCEAN
The preparation of this map was financed in part through a grant provided by the North Carolina Coastal
Management Program, through funds provided by the Coastal Zone Management Act of 197-2, as
amended, which is administered by the Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management, National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
Source: Town of Indian Beach 1994 CAMA Land Use Plan.
TOWN OF INDIAN BEACH
EXISTING LAND USE
MAP 1
a�
. .
••• fteQr.•.•.
...
.............
Existing Land Use
Commercial
® Institutional
Mixed Use
® Condominium
El Mobile Home Park
Single Family Residential
v
PI nne nt ' t ct
(Transition l Y. Use) 'a
. .
0 0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0 0
. .
. . . . .......
. . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
... . . . ... ... ... ...
...
�
C
... 0.
... . . . .............. .. . ..... . ... . .
. . . . . OO .
o Partially Supporting Waters
and Closed Shellfishing Areas
(See page I47 for explanation)
r,mmmn. Corporate Limit Line
MCampground
® Private Recreation
J2Vacant - State Natural Area
EPublic Access Point
E
]Development
Vacant - Planned
District
(Transition/Mixed Use)
1 Indian Beach Post Office
2 Indian Beach Town Hall 1-19

I
1. Western Indian Beach
The western section of Indian Beach contains 241 acres or approximately 64% of Indian
Beaches total area.
a. Commercial
All of Indian Beach's commercial property is located in western Indian Beach and fronts
on Salter Path Road. The commercial use includes supermarkets, private offices, marinas, and
restaurants. There does not appear to be any land available for expansion of commercial land
uses. The commercial uses occupy approximately ten acres, or 3% of Indian Beaches total
land area.
b. Institutional
All of Indian Beach's institutional land uses are located in western Indian Beach. These
uses include a neighborhood beach access site, the town hall, the post office, and the Baptist
Children's Home. The volunteer rescue squad and fire station are located in Salter Path. The
Baptist Children's Home is the largest institutional land use. It includes land on both sides of
Salter Path Road and extends from the ocean to the sound.
C. Residential
Mobile home parks comprise the largest residential land use category in Indian Beach.
There are approximately 1,000 mobile homes which are seasonally utilized. An additional 30
mobile homes are permanently occupied. These are located in five mobile home parks which
are dispersed along Salter Path Road. These mobile home parks occupy a total of
approximately 75 acres which is the largest developed land use category in Indian Beach.
There are five campgrounds located in western Indian Beach. These are classified as
a residential use because they provide lodging for seasonal population. The campgrounds
occupy a total of approximately 39 acres.
All of the condominiums in western Indian Beach are located in the Summer Winds
complex. This development occupies approximately 32 acres and includes three structures
which contain 211 units.
Single-family land use in western Indian Beach includes only five acres, or 2% of Indian
Beaches total land area. Most of the single-family dwelling units are occupied by seasonal
residents.
d. Vacant Land
Vacant land occupies 71 acres in western Indian Beach. Most of the vacant land is
included in four large tracts which are zoned for planned unit development (PUD).
I-20

2. Eastern Indian Beach
Eastern Indian Beach is primarily vacant and is covered by a dense maritime forest. The
eastern portion of the town includes a total of 136 acres of land. All of the maritime forested
areas located in the eastern portion of town are zoned Planned Development District.
a. Residential
Eastern Indian Beach contains two condominiums. Colony By The Sea includes seven
three-story buildings which contain a total of 84 units. Windward Dunes includes one ten -
story building containing 50 units. The two developments include a total of approximately
seven acres. In June, 1995, the Town of Indian Beach approved a Planned Development
project to develop a 17-acre oceanfront tract of land in the eastern section of town. This
project will allow for the construction of 27 single-family residential units. At the time this
plan was prepared, a 34-acre tract of land located north of NC 58 was being considered for
residential development. If approved, this development will include the construction of cluster
homes on 66 lots.
b. Private Recreation I
The private recreation facilities are located on the north side of Salter Path Road
opposite the two condominium complexes. These facilities include approximately eight acres
and are available for use only by the condominium residents.
C. Vacant Land
The remaining 104 acres of eastern Indian Beach are vacant. This land is zoned for
PUD development.
d. Salter Path/Hoffman Beach
The unincorporated area of Salter Path/Hoffman Beach is occupied by a random mixture
of land uses. Two residential developments, Hoffman Beach and Mariners Point, occupy 32
acres in the eastern end of Salter Path. The state natural area occupies approximately 40
acres. The rest of the community is heavily developed with approximately 74 acres of
residential, commercial, and industrial land uses. Along the sound shoreline, the primary use
is commercial fishing. This area includes docks, processing plants, ice, and fish storage.
However, single family structures and mobile homes are intermixed with the commercial
fishing uses.
3. Basinwide Water Quality Management
The North Carolina Division of Water Quality has initiated a basinwide approach to state water
quality management. The overall goal of basinwide management is to develop consistent and
effective long range water quality management strategies that protect the quality and intended
uses of North Carolina's surface waters while accommodating population increases and
economic growth.
-21

The State of North Carolina has been divided into seventeen major river basins. For each river
basin, water quality problems are identified and appropriate management strategies developed.
The plan features basinwide permitting of pollution discharges, integration of existing point
and nonpoint source control programs, and preparation of a basinwide management plan
report.
The purpose of the basinwide management plan is to communicate to policy makers, the
regulated community, and the general public, the state's rationale, approaches, and long-term
strategies for each basin. Preparation of a basinwide management plan is a five year process.
In general, this process involves the following five major phases of development:
-- Collecting pertinent water quality and related information,
_= Analyzing the information and targeting problem areas,
Development management strategies,
-- Circulating a draft plan for public review and comment, and
-- Finalizing the plan.
Indian Beach is located in the White Oak basin. The White Oak basinwide management plan
received Environmental Management Commission approval in February, 1997, and will be
updated in the year 2002.
Some of the major issues being addressed in the White Oak basinwide plan are as follows:
Long-term Growth Management
-- Wastewater management (non -discharge, regionalization, ocean outfall).
-- Urban stormwater runoff/water quality.
-- Role of local land use planning.
Shellfish Water Closures
-- Increases in number of acres closed.
=� Examine link between growth and closures.
Opportunities for restoration and prevention.
Animal Operation Waste Management
-- Between 1990-1991, swine population has more than doubled.
Nutrients/Toxic Dinoflagellate
-- Reduction in nitrogen and phosphorous levels.
The North Carolina Division of Water Quality has identified 24 watersheds within the
White Oak Basin. Each watershed has been assigned a fourteen -digit code for the purpose
of identification. Watershed 03020106030082 encompasses all of Atlantic Beach, Indian
Beach, Pine Knoll Shores, and the eastern portion of Emerald Isle. The primary water body
for this watershed is the Bogue Sound. Table 15 includes data for this watershed.
-22

Table 15
Carteret County Watershed Report
Watershed 03020106030082
Base and Demographic Information
Estimated Population Person Per Acre
Primary Area (Acres) % Chg. Incorporated Area
River Basin Water Body Total Land Water 1980 1990 80-90 1980 1990 Overlapping Wshed
White Oak Bogue Sound 8,588.0 4,702.7 3,885.2 3,301 4,222 27.9% 0.70 0.90 Atlantic Beach
Indian Beach
Pine Knoll Shores
Emerald Isle
Open Water Use Classes
Primary Class
Supplemental Class
Primary Use
River Basin Water Body Class
Description
% of
% of
Acreage Total
Acreage Total
White Oak Bogue Sound C
Freshwater Class C
10.7 0%
ORW
Outstanding Resource Waters
1,047.7 12%
SA
Saltwater Class A
4,837.5 56%
SW
Swamp Waters
418.7 4%
Note: The water acreage figures provided under Open Water Use Classes should not be compared to the total water acreage figure shown under the
Base and Demographic Information. These figures have been derived from two separate data sources and are not expected to be similar. The
acreage figures provided under Open Water Use Classes have been determined by DEM to be the more accurate of the two.
Source: North Carolina Division of Water Quality.
1-23
M= M M M M r M rr M M M IM MIr

4. Summary of Existing Land Use Issues
The Town of Indian Beach has an active planning process. This process was initiated in 1976
with the adoption of the town's first CAMA Land Use Plan. The town's planning board has
been instrumental in the preparation of this land use plan and the definition of key land use
issues which should be addressed in the future planning and policy statements section of this
plan. In addition, input from the public at large was solicited throughout the process of
updating this plan. The following summarizes the key land use issues which should be
addressed:
• Traffic Congestion on U.S. 58
• Central Sewer Service
• Protection of AEC'S
• Construction of a Third Bridge between Bogue Banks and the Mainland
• Protection of Maritime Forest Areas
• Seasonal Population and Demand for Services
• Beach Nourishment
1 5. Existing Ordinances and Land Use Controls
Indian Beach has an effective land use management program. The town has adopted and
enforces a number of local codes
and ordinances which regulate development and land use.
The controls are managed by the Board of Commissioners with the support of the Planning
Commission and the town staff.
Indian Beach does not have any extraterritorial jurisdiction.
The following provides a summary of the town's land use -related codes and ordinances with
the major sections of each defined. The numerical references (i.e., Article 1, Section 1) are
coded to the Indian Beach Municipal Code.
Zoning
Article I
Definitions
Article I -A
Environmental Protection Ordinance
Article II
Establishment of Districts
Article III
Application of Regulations
Article IV
General Provisions
Article V
Use, Area, Yard and Height Requirements by District
Article VI
Group Housing Ordinance
Article VII
Administration, Enforcement and Penalties
Article VIII
Zoning Board of Adjustment
Article IX
Amendments
Article X
Legal Status Provisions
Subdivision Regulations
Section 1
General
Section 2
Definition of Terms
Section 3
Plat Preparation and Approval
Section 4
Design Standards and Improvements
Section 5
Administration
1 1-24

Signs
Section 1 Definitions
Section 2 Signs Allowed Within Zoning Districts
Section 3 General Provisions
In addition to these local ordinances, Carteret County administers building inspection, flood
insurance, and health regulations for the town.
Each code, ordinance, or land use -related planning document is defined by the following
descriptions:
Zoning
The Indian Beach municipal code provides for the adoption of the town's zoning
ordinance. The following provides the definition of the ordinance's purpose:
"... for the purpose of promoting health, safety, morals, and the general welfare
by regulating the uses of buildings, structures and land for trade, industry,
commerce, residence, courts and other open spaces, the location, height, bulk,
number of stories and size of buildings and other structures, creating districts
for said purposes and establishing the boundaries thereof; defining certain terms
used herein; providing the method of administration, amendment and
enforcement; providing penalties for violations; providing for a Board of
Adjustment and defining the duties and powers of said board; repealing
conflicting ordinances; and for other purposes."
In order to regulate and limit the intensity of the use of lot areas; to regulate and
determine the areas of open space surrounding buildings; to classify, regulate and restrict the
location of certain trades; to regulate the height, size and the location of buildings; to regulate
and control structures and uses designed for specified businesses, residential, and other uses,
Indian Beach is divided into districts of which there shall be six (6) known as:
1. General Business District (B-1)
2. Civic and Municipal District (CM)
3. General Residential District (R-15)
4. Single -Family Residential District (R-25)
5. Residential Resort District (RR)
6. Planned Development District (PD)
The ordinance is consistent with and supports the town's 1994 land use plan. The
county's building inspector is responsible for enforcement.
1994 Indian Beach CAMA Land Use Plan
The existing Indian Beach CAMA Land Use Plan was certified on January 27, 1995.
The plan satisfies the 15A NCAC 7B planning guidelines and meets or exceeds the 15A NCAC
7H minimum use standards for AEC's. The plan's policies are summarized on pages 1-2
through 1-6 of this document.
1-25

Subdivision Regulations
The town's subdivision regulations provide for the orderly development of the
municipality and its environs; forthe coordination of streets within proposed subdivisions with
existing or planned streets or with other public facilities; for the dedication or reservations of
' right-of-way easements for street and utility purposes; and .for the distribution of population
and traffic which shall avoid congestion and overcrowding, and which shall create conditions
beneficial to or promotive of public health, safety, and the general welfare. Specifically, the
regulations apply to the following conditions/circumstances:
-- The combination or recombination of portions of previously platted lots where
the total number of lots is not increased and the resultant lots are equal to or
exceed the standards of the town as shown in its subdivision regulations;
-- The division of land into parcels greater than ten (10) acres where no street
right-of-way dedication is involved;
-- The public acquisition by purchase of strips of. land for the widening or opening
of streets;
-- The division of a tract in single ownership whose entire area is no greater than
' two (2) acres into not more than three (3) lots, where no street right-of-way
dedication is involved, and where the resultant lots are equal to or exceed the
standards of the municipality, as shown in its subdivision regulations.
The subdivision regulations are managed by the Planning Commission and Board of
Commissioners with the administrative support of the town's staff.
Signs
Indian Beach enacted a sign ordinance on February 8, 1995, regulating the construction
and placement of signs. These regulations are closely coordinated with the Town of Indian
Beach zoning ordinance. Permits for sign construction are issued by the county's building
inspector.
Building Inspection
Three elements of the State Building Code are enforced in Indian Beach by the county
inspections department. The county is responsible for issuing permits, collecting fees, and
inspecting construction to ensure strict compliance with all code requirements.
Flood Insurance Ordinance, 1985
This ordinance applies to those areas designated as flood hazard areas, as shown on
the flood insurance rate map prepared by the National Flood Insurance Program.
Health Regulations
The Carteret County Health Department enforces and administers state requirements
for the installation of septic systems.
-26

6. Effectiveness of the 1994 Land Use Plan and Policies I
Due to the fact that the Indian Beach Land Use Plan was just updated in 1994, and certified
by the Coastal Resources Commission in January, 1995, it would be premature to judge its
effectiveness. Although the town maintains the right to revise its policy statements during
the process of this update, it is expected that the town will make very little, if any, changes
to its existing policies.
,
E. DEVELOPMENT CONSTRAINTS: PUBLIC FACILITIES
1. Water Supply
Indian Beach residents are provided waterthrough both private well and public watersystems.
The Bogue Banks Water Corporation provides public water to the towns of Indian Beach,
Salter Path, and Emerald Isle. The water corporation obtains water from wells that are
supplied by an aquifer which extends westward under Carteret County. The town has never
experienced a water supply shortage. However, salt water intrusion may be an increasing
concern as demand for water grows. Water storage is provided by two elevated reservoirs,
each with a 500,000 gallon storage capacity, and one ground level storage tank with a
1,000,000 gallon storage capacity. The estimated consumption by Indian Beach during peak
season is 205,000 gallons per day. These water system facilities have been determined
adequate in meeting the needs of the town throughout the planning period.
'
2. Sewage Disposal
There is no central sewage collection and treatment system in Indian Beach. Single-family
residential homes are served by individual septic tanks. While suitable for single-family
detached dwellings developed at low density, septic tanks are not capable of serving high
density development. In Indian Beach, publicly or privately -owned central collection,
'
treatment, and disposal systems serve higher density development. Non -municipal central
wastewater treatment systems normally consist of mechanical "package" plants for
wastewater treatment with land disposal of the effluent accomplished through nitrification
lines, rotary distributors, or low pressure disposal fields. In Carteret County, publicly -owned
central "package" systems are permitted by the Division of Water Quality, while privately -
owned "package" systems are permitted by the Division of Health Services. Table 16
'
provides a listing of all currently permitted public/private package treatment and disposal
systems in Indian Beach, their associated watershed, and plant type.
Table 16
Town of Indian Beach, 1995
Public/Private Package Treatment and Disposal Systems
Public
Name Design Flow Watershed Type
Windward Dunes 25,000 Bogue Sound Rotary Distributor
Private
Name Design Flow Watershed Type
Colony By The Sea 20,160 Bogue Sound Rotary Distributor
Summerwinds 75,000 Bogue Sound Rotary Distributor
Source: Division of Water Quality and Carteret County Division of Health Services.
1-27

Central sewer service will continue to be a need that will increase as the town's population
increases. In July, 1994, the Carteret County Interlocal Agency (CCIA) was formed to
address the need for regional sewage collection. All nine incorporated municipalities within
the county are voting members of the agency. The task assigned to this agency was that of
determining if land application methods for wastewater treatment and disposal were viable
alternatives for the municipalities in Carteret County. Funding was obtained from state,
county, and local sources; the scope of work was defined; feasibility study bids were let; and
the nationally recognized firm of Camp, Dresser, & McKee was chosen to perform the study.
As a result of the CCIA's efforts, major state funding was also granted for a long-term regional
wastewater study for Carteret, Craven, Onslow, and Pamlico counties which would be
undertaken during the same approximate time frame as the CCIA study.
The Interlocal Agency study has now been completed and the results and findings of the study
generally conclude that land application treatment and disposal methods alone cannot feasibly
meet the wastewater disposal needs of all of Carteret County's municipalities. Under current
state and federal guidelines, there is simply not enough suitable land area available in Carteret
County to handle the projected wastewater volume. However, the study does conclude that
land application in conjunction with existing treatment and disposal facilities could be a
feasible alternative provided state permitting allows for such a system.
At the present time, the CCIA is overseeing Phase II of the study funded in part through a
Division of Coastal Management regional planning grant. This study is intended to examine
the possibilities of increasing the permitted discharge at each of the three existing wastewater
treatment plants. In addition, this study will focus on funding scenarios for the construction
of a county -wide sewer system. Due to complications caused by Hurricane Fran, this study
has gone over schedule and is not expected to be completed until August, 1997.
' The findings of the Four County Regional Task Force Study were unveiled in August, 1996.
In this study, six separate scenarios were examined for the treatment and disposal of
wastewater for the four -county area. These scenarios are as follows:
-- Status quo. This plan calls for improving existing treatment plants and
continuing to rely on septic tanks in unincorporated areas.
' -- Consolidation of existing facilities with continued surface water discharge
(streams). Similar to the first option, this also would call for the upgrade of
existing facilities to handle independent package systems.
' -- Ocean outfall discharge. This plan has two alternatives, both with multiple
treatment plants. Alternative one calls for one ocean outfall (a pipe which
' carries treated wastewater miles into the ocean). Under the proposal, the pipe
would be somewhere in the Swansboro area. Alternative two calls for two
points of ocean entry, one near Swansboro and one north of Cape Lookout.
-- Maximum water reuse. The key concepts under this proposal are golf course
irrigation, wetlands restoration and forest land application. Secondary reuse
' potential includes agricultural irrigation, landscape irrigation, and industrial
reuse. Under this proposal, in the extreme long-term, the water may be
reclaimed for a drinking source or used for deep well injection to provide a
saltwater barrier in the aquifer.
' I-28

-- Maximum use of natural systems. This proposal calls for a surface discharge
system that relies primarily on land application or constructed wetlands as
means of effluent polishing (the purifying of treated wastewater). ,
-- Three service areas. This calls for breaking the four -county area into three
groups: Onslow County and Carteret coastal communities, Craven County and
the remainder of Carteret County, and Pamlico County. Discharge limits of
wastewater would be restricted to current permitted flow with an emphasis on
improving water reuse. Septic tanks would continue to be used extensively in
unincorporated areas.
Each of these scenarios had an associated cost of between $700-$800 million. Since the
completion of this study, the Four County Regional Task Force has returned to its governing '
body seeking permission and funds to continue their efforts. If successful, the next goal of
the task force will be to establish a Wastewater Authority. It is not an overstatement to say
that wastewater disposal will be the most important planning/capital improvement issue facing ,
the county and its municipalities during the next five years.
3. Drainage
Indian Beach has rarely experienced severe flooding. However, during heavy rainfall, localized '
flooding has been known to occur along Highway 58 primarily at the S.R. 1 192 intersection
and in front of the Summerwinds condominium complex. The town does not have a master
drainage plan.
4. Solid Waste Disposal '
Refuse collection and transport to the county landfill is provided to the town by a private firm.
In 1993, the Carteret County landfill, located on Hibbs Road in the Newport Township, shut
down operations and stopped the acceptance of waste material. By 1994, the county had
met all of the necessary requirements and the closure was made official. The day after the
Hibbs Road landfill stopped accepting waste, the new Tri-County landfill was opened. The Tri-
County landfill is operated by the Coastal Regional Solid Waste Management Authority '
(CRSWMA). The management authority is a board of directors appointed by Carteret, Craven,
and Pamlico counties' Boards of Commissioners. There are seven board members. Pamlico
and Carteret counties each have two board members, and Craven County is represented by ,
three. The fundamental idea behind this regional approach is that one large landfill is less
expensive to construct and operate than three individual landfills. The landfill is located in
Craven County near Tuscarora. The present site will be expanded by approximately 400 acres
and modified to meet new federal and state regulations regarding environmental safeguards.
Upon completion of this expansion, it is estimated that the facility will meet the demand for
solid waste disposal through the year 2010. Carteret and Pamlico county residents are served ,
via transfer stations located in Newport and Grantsboro.
-29

71
d
5. Schools
Indian Beach is served by the Carteret County School System. Kindergarten through third
grade students attend Morehead City Primary which is approximately twelve miles away in
Morehead City. Grades 4 through 5 attend Morehead Elementary School at Camp Glen which
is also approximately twelve miles away in Morehead City. Grades 6 through 8 attend
Morehead Middle School which is roughly thirteen miles away in Morehead City. West
Carteret High School, approximately seventeen miles away in Morehead City, serves grades
9 through 12. Table 17 provides detailed information on the Carteret County schools. The
schools serving residents of Indian Beach are indicated in bold typeface. Based on the 1990
census, there were approximately 13 school age people residing in Indian Beach. Eleven of
those would have attended middle or elementary schools.
The Carteret County Board of Education receives federal, state, and county assistance. In
FY95-96, the county school system will receive $12.1 million in county assistance. The
county school system serves the entire county and currently includes fourteen (14) schools:
three high schools, three middle schools, and eight elementary schools. The following table
provides a comparison of Carteret County school enrollment in 1989 and 1995.
Table 17
Enrollment in Carteret County Schools, 1989-1995
Atlantic Elementary
'
Beaufort Elementary
Beaufort Middle
Broad Creek Middle
Cape Lookout High (new)
Morehead Elementary [11
'
East Carteret High
Harkers Island Elementary
Morehead Elementary at Camp Glenn (new)
Glenn Elementary
Camp [2)
Morehead City Middle
Morehead City Primary (new)
Newport Elementary
Smyrna Elementary
'
West Carteret High
White Oak Elementary
J
1995
1989
Change
181
162
+19
530
679
-149
374
353
+ 21
838
686
+152
47
N/A
N/A
N/A
593
N/A
782
749
+ 33
170
204
-34
390
N/A
N/A
N/A
587
N/A
666
568
+ 98
823
0
+ 823
954
864
+ 90
366
437
-71
1,521
1,431
+90
636
547
+89
Total 8,278 7,859 +419
[11 Since 1989, Morehead Elementary has closed and the building reopened as a new alternative high school called Cape
Lookout. K-3 is now served by the new Morehead City Primary and grades 4-5 by Morehead Elementary at Camp
Glenn. Therefore, no conclusions may be drawn by examining a change in enrollment from 1989-1995.
[21 Since 1989, Camp Glenn Elementary, serving grades K-2, has closed and has since reopened as Morehead Elementary
at Camp Glenn serving grades 4-5. Therefore, no conclusions may be drawn by examining a change in enrollment from
1989-1995.
Source: Carteret County Board of Education.
1 1-30

Table 17 indicates that overall county school enrollment in Carteret County grew by 419
individuals from 1989-1995. This growth in public school enrollment is more than twice that
experienced between 1984-1989. During the early 1980s, public school enrollment in the
county actually decreased, so this steady growth in enrollment may be indicative of a shift
toward public school as opposed to private.
Carteret County's continued devotion toward improving education is evidenced by the recent
passage of a $29 million bond referendum in November, 1994. The bond provides $6.2
million for educational technology. This includes the purchase of instructional computer
equipment and software, and the networking of the county's fourteen schools. The majority
of that equipment has been purchased and received by the schools, and the networking
project will be completed in the fall of 1996.
The remaining bond money will fund construction and renovation projects. A new high school
and a new elementary school will be constructed in the western part of the county. An option
has been exercised on 90 acres off Highway 24, and final state approval for purchase should
be received in the spring of 1996. Plans call for both schools to be built on the same site with
natural buffers separating them.
Other bond projects include the construction of a new cafeteria and renovations to the main
building at Beaufort Elementary School, the construction of a new classroom building with
media center and office area at Smyrna Elementary School, and renovations to the kitchen at
White Oak Elementary School.
Community expectations for the Carteret County School System are high. The overwhelming
support for the bond referendum and the arrival of a new superintendent have set a
challenging course for this system. Carteret County schools strive for excellence in education
and continue to innovatively address student needs. A five-year strategic plan provides
direction for the school system beyond the year 2000. Called a blueprint for action, that plan
will soon be revised and long-range plans will be extended through 2010. The plan was
developed by a team of parents, business leaders, teachers, retirees, school administrators,
support and classified school staff, and board of education members.
Cape Lookout High School, located in Morehead City, is the system's newest school. It
opened in January, 1995, and is an alternative school offering small class sizes and
individualized instruction. It is attended by students who are having difficulty in the traditional
school setting.
The county's voluntary year-round school pilot program was extended another two years
based on its success. Students at Newport Elementary School attend four nine -week quarters.
During the three-week breaks, enrichment and remediation programs are offered. The year-
round program is run along with a traditional calendar program at Newport Elementary.
Geographically, growth is occurring in the western end of the county. Student populations
+ +continue to decrease on the eastern side of the county. West Carteret High, Morehead
Middle, Broad Creek Middle, and Newport Elementary are severely overcrowded. West
Carteret High did get some relief when a new two-story, 21-classroom addition opened in
August, 1995.
1-31

L
6. Transportation
N.C. Highway 58 is the only "major" thoroughfare in Indian Beach. The town is linked to the
mainland over Bogue Sound by the B. Cameron Langston Bridge in Emerald Isle and the
Atlantic Beach Bridge.
' In 1994, the North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) conducted traffic counts
through Carteret County. On N.C. 58 at Indian Beach, the average daily traffic count (ADT)
was 10,500 vehicles. Due to increased traffic congestion, NCDOT believes that conversion
of N.C. 58 from a two-lane to a four -lane road is necessary.
All roads in Indian Beach appear to be in good condition.
7. Police
The Town of Indian Beach maintains a fully -staffed police department. There are currently
four full-time and four reserve officers in the force. The department maintains four cruisers.
' There are currently no plans to expand the department. The town feels that police service is
adequate to serve the town's needs.
1 8. Fire and Rescue Services
' Fire and rescue services are provided by Salter Path Fire and EMS. This department is a
volunteer organization consisting of 46 members. Of these 46, 10 are certified EMT's. The
department maintains six vehicles which include two fire trucks, two ambulances, one
equipment truck, and one 4-wheel drive vehicle. If any additional high rise condominiums are
constructed within Indian Beach or Salter Path, it would necessitate the purchase of an aerial
truck for high rise fires. The department currently has an insurance rate of 9F. This should
be lowered to 6F within the next year.
9. Recreation
' The town maintains one public beach access point located at the end of S.R. 1192. This
facility includes parking for 20 vehicles and six golf carts (for the handicapped), a pedestrian
crossover, and a vehicular crossover. There is also one regional public access facility in Salter
Path that is maintained by Carteret County. No public boat ramps exist within the town.
Indian Beach is considered a resort community and a large source for a variety of outdoor
recreational activities such as swimming, fishing, boating, and sunbathing.
' 10. Electrical Distribution
The Town of Indian Beach is provided electrical service by the Carteret Craven EMC. The
town has never experienced any "major" power shortage problem or "brown" outs.
I-32

1 1. Cable Television
Cable television service is provided by Time Warner Cable. The cable system provides service
to approximately 500 customers.
12. Administration
The Town of Indian Beach maintains a Mayor - Board of Commissioners form of government.
There are currently five full-time employees. Indian Beach has a Planning Board consisting of
five members and a Board of Adjustment consisting of five members. Indian Beach's
administrative capabilities are adequate to serve the town's needs.
F. DEVELOPMENT CONSTRAINTS: LAND SUITABILITY
1. Topography/Geology
The land within Indian Beach ranges from flat along shorelines and some interior areas to
rolling, undulating topography within the dune areas. Elevation generally ranges from 0 to
16/17 feet above sea level. Normally the highest elevations above sea level are found in the
Newhan soil associations. These higher elevations are concentrated on a ridge which
generally lies along the route of Salter Path Road. The soil association locations are provided
on Map 4, page 38. The majority of the town's land has slopes within the 0 to 8 percent
range. However, within some areas, slopes may be as great as 30 percent. The steepest
slopes are found in the Beaches-Newhan, Fripp fine sand, Newhan fine sand, and Newhan
Corolla complex soils. The greatest concentration of slopes in the 30 percent range are found
along the frontal dunes in the Beaches-Newhan complex soils.
Carteret County is underlain by an eastward -thickening wedge of sedimentary deposits of
Pleistocene -age, ranging from 2,000 feet thick in the northwest portions of the county to
almost 7,000 feet thick beneath the easternmost sections of offshore strand. Because of the
depth of the surficial sand/siliceous deposits, little is known of the composition of underlying
deposits. Well logs indicate that shell fragments and calcareous material are consolidated into
a limestone at a depth of less than 120 feet west of Morehead City, and at increasing depths
further eastward. Microfossils obtained from some well samples indicate that the uppermost
consolidated limestone is probably part of the Yorktown formation.
The Bogue Banks Water Company obtains water from wells that are supplied by an aquifer
which extends westward under Carteret County. The town has never experienced a water
supply shortage. However, salt water intrusion may be an increasing concern as demand for
water grows. About 2,500 square miles of the Castle Hayne aquifer, including the portion
underlying Carteret County, have been designated as a capacity use area by the N.C.
Groundwater Section due to large (68 MGD in 1986) groundwater withdrawals by the PCS
phosphate mine near Aurora. A capacity use area is defined as an area where the use of
water resources threatens to exceed the replenishment ability to the extent that regulation
may be required.
1-33

u
2. Flood Hazard Areas
The Town of Indian Beach has a Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM). The county's Building
Inspector enforces the Flood Insurance Ordinance. The map designates "A" and "B" flood
zones. "A" flood zones are areas that will experience rising floodwaters with little or no wave
action. The "A" zone is specifically defined as Special Flood Hazard Areas inundated by the
100-year flood, determined by approximate methods; no base flood elevations are shown or
flood hazard factors determined. The "B" flood zone indicates areas inundated by the 500-
year flood.
Approximately 15 percent of Indian Beach's planning jurisdiction is within the 100-year
floodplain and approximately 30 percent within the 500-year flood level. Map 2 delineates the
100-year and 500-year floodplain areas.
While a considerable amount of Indian Beach lies within the 100-year floodplain, the greatest
threat is flooding resulting from storm surge and local ponding of water. Approximately 25
to 30 percent of the town's land area lies at ten feet above mean sea level or less and is
potentially subject to flooding.
The greatest storm surge impact will occur from hurricanes. Map 3 shows the general areas
of Indian Beach which may be affected by hurricane -generated storm surge. The various
categories of storm surge areas are defined as follows:
Category 1. Winds of 74 to 95 miles per hour. Damage primarily to shrubbery, trees,
foliage, and unanchored mobile homes. No appreciable wind damage to other
structures. Some damage to poorly constructed signs. Storm surge possibly 4 to 5
feet above normal. Low-lying roads inundated, minor pier damage, some small craft
in exposed anchorage torn from moorings.
Category 2. Winds of 96 to 110 miles per hour. Considerable damage to shrubbery
and tree foliage; some trees blown down. Major damage to exposed mobile homes.
Extensive damage to poorly constructed signs. Some damage to roofing materials of
buildings; some window and door damage. No major wind damage to buildings. Storm
surge possibly 6 to 8 feet above normal. Coastal roads and low-lying escape routes
inland cut by rising water 2 to 4 hours before arrival of hurricane center. Considerable
damage to piers. Marinas flooded. Small craft in unprotected anchorages torn from
moorings. Evacuation of some shoreline residences and low-lying island areas required.
Category 3. Winds of 111 to 130 miles per hour. Foliage torn from trees; large trees
blown down. Practically all poorly constructed signs blown down. Some damage to
roofing materials of buildings; some window and door damage. Some structural
damage to small buildings. Mobile homes destroyed. Storm surge possibly 9 to 12
feet above normal. Serious flooding at coast and many smaller structures near coast
destroyed; larger structures near coast damaged by battering waves and floating
debris. Low-lying escape routes inland cut by rising water 3 to 5 hours before
hurricane center arrives. Approximately 30% of Indian Beach could be flooded.
1-34

1
Legend
•..... A Flood Zone
B Flood Zone
.two
too* I
• •.•• •_•-•-•• • • •�
� �.�s• •� ••• • •a)�
• •
ram•.
•
7,
• •
1�
C IOC sw 16W
The preparation of this map was financed in part through a
grant provided by the North Carolina Coastal Management
Program, through funds provided by the Coastal Zone
Management Act of 1972, as amended, which is administered
by the Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management,
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
i
u
BOGUS SOUND
Salter Path
(Unincorporated)
ATLANTIC OCEAN
•-••••'•• ' r L
•
M
. C. 58 1 'a
r =
a
1 0
1 �Aoffman Beach
1 . mncorpora ed) ii
� _ 1
MAP 2
FLOOD HAZARD MAP
TOWN OF LNDI.4N BEACH,
NORTH CAROLFITA
1-35

M. -
MAP 3
INDIAN BEACH, NC
STORM SURGE INUNDATION AREAS
.5. I 1143
N , _ TK.�U.
`o�as <I
I
V
G
ROCK
POINT
INDIAN BEACH
LEGEND
-- --- -WA TER WA Y
u N D
Salterpatfi �:.: - --- "' o
`. ;:...
1 °o
< r.
Category 1 - 2 Surge Area
Category 3 Additional Surge Area
The preparation of this map was financed in
part through a grant provided by the North
Carolina Coastal Management Program,
through funds provided by the Coastal Zone
Management Act of 1972, as amended, which
is administered by the Office of Ocean and
Coastal Resource Management, National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
o
SCALE IN MILES
Category 4 -5 Additional Surge Area
1-36

Category 4. Winds of 131 to 155 miles per hour. Shrubs and trees blown down; all
signs down. Extensive damage to roofing materials, windows, and doors. Complete
failure of roofs on many small residences. Complete destruction of mobile homes.
Storm surge possibly 13 to 18 feet above normal. Major damage to lower floors of
structures near shore due to flooding and battering by waves and floating debris.
Low-lying escape routes inland cut by rising water 3 to 5 hours before hurricane center
arrives. Major erosion of beaches. Over 45% of Indian Beach could be flooded.
Category 5. Winds greater than 155 miles per hour. Shrubs and trees blown down;
considerable damage to roofs of buildings; all signs down. Very severe and extensive
damage to windows and doors. Complete failure of roofs on many residences and
industrial buildings. Extensive shattering of glass in windows and doors. Some
complete building failures. Small buildings overturned or blown away. Complete
destruction of mobile homes. Storm surge possibly greaterthan 18 feet above normal.
Major damage to lower floors of all structures less than 15 feet above sea level.
Low-lying escape routes inland cut by rising water 3 to 5 hours before hurricane center
arrives. Over 75% of Indian Beach could be flooded.
' The town also suffers from intermittent flooding from rainfall and storm water runoff. The soil
associations shown on Map 4 provide an indication of the locations of high water table areas.
The water table depths, flooding frequency, and permeability rates are provided in Table 18.
Flooding resulting from sea level rise may be a long-term problem. Over the last 100 years,
the sea level has risen approximately one foot. Most experts agree that the rate of sea level
rise will increase over the next one hundred years. The maximum increase has been forecast
to be as much as four to seven feet. An increase of that magnitude would be disastrous to
Indian Beach. Approximately 25% or more of the town could be inundated. The impact of
sea level rise has serious adverse transportation and access implications for all of Bogue
Banks. Many inland Carteret County roads could be inundated and impede access to Bogue
Banks. The rate of rise should be carefully monitored.
Table 18
Town of Indian Beach
Soil Susceptibility to Flooding
Map Depth to Seasonal
Symbol Soil Types High Water Table Flooding Permeability % Slope
Bn
CL
Co
Cu
Du
Fr
Beaches-Newhan
Complex
Carteret sand,
low
Beach - 0 to 3.0'
Foredunes 6.0'
0 to 3.0'
Corolla find sand 1.5 to 3.0'
Corolla -Urban
land complex
Duckstone fine
sand
Fripp fine sand
Frequent Rapid
Rare 6.3"/hr.
Frequent (daily) Rapid
6.3"/hr.
Rare to Common Very rapid
Storm Tides 20"/hr.
1.5 to 3.0' Rare
Very rapid
20"/hr.
1.0 to 2.0' Rare to Common Very rapid
Storm Tides 20"/hr.
6.0' Rare Storm Tides Rapid
6.3"/hr.
0-30
2-30
1-37

Table 18 (Continued)
CH
Carteret sand,
1.0 to 3.0' Frequent
Rapid -
high
(monthly)
6.3"/hr.
Nh
Newhan fine
6.0' None
Very rapid 2-30
sand
20"/hr.
Nc
Newhan-Corolla
---- See ratings for individual soil ---- 0-30
Complex
Ne
Newhan Urban
---- See ratings for individual soil
0-8
Land Complex
Source: Soil Survey of Carteret County, North Carolina, United States Department of Agriculture, Soil
Conservation Service.
3. Soils
A detailed soils survey of Carteret County has been completed by the Soil Conservation
Service. Based on that survey, there are ten different soil associations located within Indian
Beach. These associations are delineated on Map 4 and their conditions for site development
are provided in Table 19. Most soils within Indian Beach have some limitations to
development.
Table 19
Town of Indian Beach
Soil Associations - Degree and Kind of Limitation for State Use
Map
Septic Tank
Symbol
Soil Types
Dwellings
Streets & Roads
Filter Field
Bn
Beaches-Newhan Complex
Very severe/flooding
Very severe/
Very severe/
flooding
flooding
CL
Carteret sand, low
Very severe/flooding
Very severe/
Very severe/
flooding/wet
flooding/wet
Co
Corolla find sand
Severe/wet
Severe/wet
Severe/wet'
Storm Tides
Cu
Corolla -Urban land
Severe/wet
Moderate floods
Severe/wet'
complex
Du Duckstone fine sand
Fr Fripp fine sand
CH Carteret sand, high
Nh Newhan fine sand
Nc Newhan-Corolla Complex
Ne Newhan Urban Land
Complex
Severe/wet Severe/wet Severe/wet'
Severe floods Moderate floods Slight'
Very severe/ Very severe/ Very severe/
flooding/wet flooding/wet flooding/wet
Slight Slight Slight'
---- See ratings for individual soil ----
---- See ratings for individual soil
' The sand soils are highly pervious with questionable filtering capacities. Thus, contamination of
groundwater is possible.
Source: Soil Survey of Carteret County, North Carolina, United States Department of Agriculture, Soil
Conservation Service.
1-38

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
We
Legend
Bn Beaches-Newhan complex
CH Carteret sand, frequently flooded
CL Carteret sand, low, frequently flooded
Co Corolla fine sand
Cu Corolla -Urban land complex
Du Duckston fine sand, frequently flooded
Fr Fripp find sand
Nc Newhan Corolla complex
Ne Newhan-Urban land complex
Nh Newhan fine sand
Cif Nh
BOGUE SOUND
Cu UJ _ L CL
r a Du , �=
Co Wig; Fr
cn
Nc
Ne
Nc N.C. 58 I 'a c Nc
Salter Path Road
I Itz_
Salter Path I HoffNh
man Beach
(Unincorporated) I mncorpora e)
Bn _ �-.
The preparation of this map was financed in part through a
grant provided by the North Carolina Coastal Management
Program, through funds provided by the Coastal Zone
Management Act of 1972, as amended, which is administered
25
by the Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management,
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
ATLAN-TIC OCEPN'
MAP 4
SOILS MAP
TOWN OF LNDLAN BEACH,
NORTH CAROLINA '
1-39

1
L
�I
4. Manmade Hazards/Restrictions
There are no significant manmade hazards located in Indian Beach. Underground fuel storage
tanks in the area are located at the Tradewinds Mobile Home Park and Marina, Village Gift
Shoppe, and Save -a -Stop Convenience Store in Salter Path. The tanks range in size from 500-
5,000 gallons and are used for the storage of gasoline.
There was no offshore oil exploration or drilling underway in 1995. However, future
exploration and/or drilling could pose a threat for the town's beaches.
5. Fragile Areas
In coastal North Carolina, fragile areas are considered to include coastal wetlands, ocean
hazard areas, shorelines, estuarine waters and shorelines, public trust waters, complex natural
areas, areas sustaining remnant species, unique geological formations, registered natural
landmarks, swamps, prime wildlife habitats, areas of excessive slope, areas of excessive
erosion, scenic points, archaeological sites, historical sites, and 404 wetlands. While not
identified as fragile areas in the 15A NCAC 7H use standards, maritime forests and
outstanding resource waters (ORWs) should also be considered fragile areas. Indian Beach's
corporate limits include or are adjacent to estuarine waters and shorelines, coastal wetlands,
public trust waters, ocean hazard areas, maritime forests, 404 wetlands, ORWs,
archaeological sites, excessive slopes, and excessive erosion areas.
a) Coastal Wetlands
The coastal wetlands are generally delineated on Map 5, Areas of Environmental
Concern and Other Fragile Areas. However, it is emphasized that the specific locations of
coastal wetlands can be determined only through on -site investigation and analysis. Coastal
wetlands are defined as salt marshes regularly- or irregularly -flooded by tides including wind
tides, provided this shall not include hurricane or tropical storm tides. These areas must
contain at least one, but not necessarily all of the following marsh plant species: Cordgrass,
Black Needlerush, Glasswort, Salt Grass, Sea Lavendar, Bulrush, Saw Grass, Cat -tail, Salt
Meadow Grass, and Salt Reed Grass. The coastal wetlands are vital to the complex food
chain found in estuaries. They provide marine nursery areas and are essential to a sound
commercial fishing industry. Coastal wetlands also serve as barriers against flood damage
and control erosion between the estuary and uplands.
b) Estuarine Waters
Estuarine waters are generally those waters found in estuaries, sounds, bays, salt
water shorelines, and .the Atlantic Ocean within three miles of the shoreline. They are the
dominant component and bonding element of the entire estuarine system, integrating aquatic
influences from both the land and the sea. The estuarine waters are among the most
' productive natural environments within Indian Beach. The waters support the valuable
commercial and sports fisheries of the coastal area which are comprised of estuarine
dependent species such as menhaden, flounder, shrimp, crabs, and oysters.
I�
1
1-40

'1) The coastal wetland areas are defined by 15A NCAC
7H.0205 as any salt marsh or other marsh subject to
regular or occasional flooding by tides, including wind tides
(whether or not the tide waters reach the marshland areas
through natural or artificial water courses), provided this
shall not include hurricane or tropical storm tides. Precise
locations of all coastal wetlands must be determined in the
C
I
I
field.
2) All 404 wetland areas are classified as conservation.
However, because of map scale, locations cannot be
delineated. Precise locations must be determined through
on -site analysis and verification. Federal 404 permitting
and regulatory requirements shall apply.
3) Estuarine Shoreline Areas — In shoreline areas not
contiguous to waters classified as outstanding resource
waters by the Environmental Management Commission, all
land 75 feet landward from the mean high water level or
normal water level are considered to be estuarine
shorelines. In shoreline areas contiguous to waters
classified as outstanding resource waters by the
Environmental Management Commission, all land 575 feet
landward from the mean high water level or normal water
level are considered to be estuarine shoreline.
li
(r
4) ORW Estuarine Shorelines — This area includes all
waters of Bogus Sound in and adjacent to Indian Beach
which have been designated by the North Carolina
Environmental Management Commission as Outstanding
Resource Waters. The ORW designation is adjacent to the
western section of Indian Beach and not the eastern
section.
5) Ocean Hazard Areas - Ocean hazard areas are those
areas defined by 15A NCAC 7H Section .0300. These
areas include all beaches, primary dunes, and frontal dunes
and other areas in which geologic, vegetative and soil
conditions indicate a substantial possibility of excessive
expansion or flood damage.
6) Inlet Hazard Areas - Inlet hazard areas are those defined
by 15A NCAC 7H.0304. These areas include lands that are
natural hazard areas that are especially vulnerable to
erosion, flooding, and other adverse effects of sand, wind,
and water because of their proximity to dynamic ocean
inlets. There are no inlet hazard areas within the Town of
Indian Beach.
Path Road
The preparation of this neap. was financed in part through a
grant prodded by the North Ca»bea Coastal hLanagement
Program, through f rands provided by the Coastal Zone
Managessent Act of 1972, as mmmded, which is id
by the Office of Ocean and Costal Resoerce ManageineHL,
National Oceanic and Aic Administration.
7) Public Trust and Estuarine Water Areas — All
waters under the jurisdiction of Indian Beach are either
estuarine waters or public trust areas as defined in 15A
NCAC 7H.0206 Estuarine Waters and .0207 Public
Trust Areas. Outstanding resource waters areas are
public trust areas of environmental concern. ORW
areas are also estuarine waters AECs.
8) Outstanding Resource Waters (ORW) — All waters
of Bogus Sound adjacent to and within the western
portion of Indian Beach are designated as ORW.
BOGUESOUND
Salter Path
(Unincorporated)
ATLANTIC OCEAN
OTHER FRAGILE AREAS
t. �. ,-rxq
.;a._E"e!^!F.
Maritime Forests
(Approximate locations:
Exact locations must be
determined through in -field
verifications.)
It :Hoffman Beach
JM
`R�A+�r�i'�J sue•
I'w-^ a?' J iy��'.j��
�'•
v1
J'•e� �yt•�f-Z�-� %.%�
�.r.,'71'G ,r' v1''y" 3:�J y-b y �'
:�,'�`-� �, t� "��.`r� a�? �^✓ � � a3 .Ty.+' +;, � �•.:"d�'t Tom. ���1 �.-,7
0
y�.�.?'i � � t7•iJ�"" �7'v W �'+�J' �}�i �:, Ort `+r" �'�Jy J ��'7F Y•'j'
J �
v.,
0
MAP 5
TOWN OF INDIAN BEACH,
NORTH CAROLINA
AREAS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERN
AND OTHER FRAGILE AREAS
1-41

1 c) Estuarine Shorelines
Estuarine shorelines are those non -ocean shorelines that are especially vulnerable to
erosion, flooding, or other adverse effects of wind and water. They are intimately connected
to the estuary. In shoreline areas not contiguous to waters classified as outstanding resource
waters by the Environmental Management Commission, all land 75 feet landward from the
mean high water level or normal water level are considered to be estuarine shorelines. In
shoreline areas contiguous to waters classified as outstanding resource waters by the
Environmental Management Commission, all land 575 feet landward from the mean high water
level or normal water level are considered to be estuarine shoreline. Development within the
estuarine shorelines influences the quality of estuarine life and is subject to the damaging
processes of shorefront erosion and flooding.
d) Public Trust Areas
Public trust areas are all waters of the Atlantic Ocean and the lands thereunder from
the mean high water mark to the seaward limit of state jurisdiction; all natural bodies of water
subject to measurable lunar tides and lands thereunder to the mean high water mark; all
navigable natural bodies of water and lands thereunder to the mean high water level or mean
water level as the case may be, except privately -owned lakes to which the public has no right
of access; all water in artificially created bodies of water containing significant public fishing
resources or other public resources which are accessible to the public by navigation from
bodies of water in which the public has rights of navigation; and all waters in artificially
created bodies of water in which the public has acquired rights by prescription, custom, usage,
dedication, or any other means. In determining whether the public has acquired rights in
artificially created bodies of water, the following factors shall be considered:
(1) the use of the body of water by the public,
(2) the length of time the public has used the area,
(3) the value of public resources in the body of water,
(4) whether the public resources in the body of water are mobile to the extent that
they can move into natural bodies of water,
(5) whether the creation of the artificial body of water required permission from the
state, and
(6) the value of the body of water to the public for navigation from one public area
to another public area.
These areas are significant because the public has rights in these areas, including
navigation and recreation. The public trust areas also support valuable commercial and sports
fisheries, have aesthetic value, and are important resources for economic development.
It is impossible to map the public trust area. The areas must be determined through
in -field analysis and definition.
e) Ocean Hazard Areas
' Ocean hazard areas consist of ocean erodible areas, high hazard flood areas, inlet
hazard areas, and unvegetated beach areas. Ocean hazard landforms include ocean dunes,
beaches, and shorelines. Ocean dunes include both primary dunes and frontal dunes. Primary
dunes are the first mounds of sand located landward of the ocean beaches having an elevation
equal to the mean flood level (in a storm having a one percent chance of being equaled or
-42

exceeded in any given space) for the areas plus six feet. The primary dune extends landward
to the lowest elevation in the depression behind that same mound of sand. In areas where
there is a primary dune, that dune shall be deemed to be the frontal dune. Where there is no
primary dune, the frontal dune is deemed to be the first mound of sand located landward of
the ocean beach having sufficient vegetation, height, continuity and configuration to offer
protective value. The dunes are essential to the protection of oceanfront areas.
Ocean beaches and shorelines are lands consisting of unconsolidated soil materialsthat
extend from the mean low water line landward to a point where either (1) the growth of
vegetation occurs, or (2) a distinct change in slope or elevation alters the configuration of the
land form, whichever is farther landward. The entire southern length of Indian Beach is an
ocean beach. It is important to note that the ocean beach areas within Indian Beach serve as
significant nesting grounds for sea turtles. Indian Beach contains ocean erodible areas and
high hazard flood areas, but no unvegetated beach area (a dynamic area that is subject to
rapid unpredictable landform change from wind and wave action). Unvegetated beach areas
are only designated following detailed studies by the Coastal Resources Commission. There
are not any inlet hazard areas in Indian Beach.
f) Outstanding Resource Waters
Under the authority of the North Carolina General Statute (N.C.G.S.) 143-214.1, the
North Carolina Environmental Management Commission designated certain waters within North
Carolina as Outstanding Resource Waters (ORWs) between 1988 and 1990. These areas
were designated because they were considered to be significant marine resource areas having
relatively clean and pristine waters, and having significant value as recreational and natural
resource areas. On January 1, 1990, the NCEMC designated all waters of Bogue Sound from
a line running from the eastern mouth of Bogue Inlet to S.R. 1117 on the mainland, to a line
across Bogue Sound from the southwest side of mouth of Gales Creek to Rock Point, as
ORWs. This affects only the western section of Indian Beach.
g) 404 Wetlands
404 wetlands are areas covered by water or that have waterlogged soils for long
periods during the growing season. Plants growing in wetlands are capable of living in soils
lacking oxygen for at least part of the growing season. 404 wetlands include, but are not
limited to, bottomlands, forests, swamps, pocosins, pine savannahs, bogs, marshes, and wet
meadows.
Section 404 of the Clean Water Act requires that anyone interested in depositing
dredged or fill material into "waters of the United States," including wetlands, must apply for
and receive a permit for such activities. The Wilmington office of the U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers has regulatory authority in Indian Beach. While there may be scattered wetland
areas located within Indian Beach, the specific locations of wetlands areas must be determined
through on -site analysis. It should be noted that in some Areas of Environmental Concern,
both the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers and the regulatory requirements of the Coastal Area
Management Act may have overlapping jurisdiction. Simultaneous to the preparation of this
plan, amendments to the federal definition of wetlands were being considered which could
reduce the areas afforded protection under the wetlands legislation.
1-43

Ih) Maritime Forests
The preservation of maritime forests has become an increasingly significant issue in
coastal North Carolina. Establishing a clear definition of what constitutes maritime forest
areas and defining which areas should be protected has been difficult. Generally, maritime
forests are areas containing native salt tolerant vegetation. Exposure to salt spray causes the
vegetation to have a sheared appearance that is shaped according to contours of adjacent land
forms. The forests contain laurel oak, red cedar, red bay, wild olive, Carolina cherry laurel,
yaupon, loblolly pine, sweet gum, live oak, and red maple as the dominant tree types. Areas
lying within wetland swales are classified as maritime swamp forests. The maritime swamp
forest is actually rarer than the upland maritime forest. Dominant tree types are the ash, red
maple and sweet gum. The trees grow slowly because of very low available water capacity,
occasional salt water flooding, and exposure to salt spray. The forests are important animal
habitats.
Map 5, Areas of Environmental Concern and Other Fragile Areas, provides a general
delineation of Indian Beach's maritime forest areas. However, it is emphasized that exact
locations must be determined through in -field verification. The majority of Indian Beach's
Maritime Forests are located in the eastern section of town, north of NC 58. It should be
noted that at the time this plan was prepared this maritime forested area was being considered
for residential development.
Table 20 provides a further definition of maritime forest areas, their ecological
significance, and some basic management criteria. It should be noted that, with proper
controls, development may occur within maritime forest areas. However, development has
destroyed or damaged most of the maritime forest areas on Bogue Banks.
i) Slopes in Excess of 12%
In Indian Beach, slopes of 12% or greater are predominantly found only in the frontal
ocean dune areas. However, some scattered slopes in excess of 12% do exist in the areas
with the following soil types: Fripp fine sand, Newhan fine sand, and Newhan Corolla.
Excessive slopes have not been a deterrent to development in Indian Beach.
' j) Excessive Erosion Areas
Excessive erosion areas include ocean and sound erodible areas. Permanent
construction within those areas should be limited unless stabilization along the affected
shoreline can be accomplished. 15A NCAC 7H use standards prohibit permanent stabilization
of ocean shorelines.
k) Historic and Archaeological Sites
There do not appear to be any nationally significant historic or archaeological sites
within Indian Beach. However, some historic and prehistoric period archaeological sites have
been recorded within Indian Beach. Most of the sites were recorded by local amateurs and
artifact collectors. Few have been evaluated by an experienced archaeologist and only a small
portion of the area has been systematically surveyed for sites.
1
1
1-44

Table 20
Maritime Forest Area
Definition, Function, and Management
S
ST(
SOUND /! IAS
FRONT P�
OCEAN
FRONT
...
.. ...........I. . .........; :•....::•.•:....•.:•.::•........:.•.:•.. . •.....•::.:::..........I...............I..I.; •:.
..'..11.II.11 .'.1.I
• ..II
,LT SPRAY
I. 1
1 I
l 4NJl Il1111
1 I
; 1
WIND
I
RY 81riKrE
IIlMill
_.. SOUNDSIDE,..,
_,_•, INTERIOR DUNE 6 SWALE_ _
FOREDUNE
SALT SHEAR aCRUe DUNE THICKET
THICKETSHRUB
INTERIOR FOREST FORESTED WETLANDS HIGH RIDGE FOREST
Wax Myrtle
Uve Oak
Lobloly Pine
Live Oak
Yaupon Holly
Yaupon Holy
Lobloly Pine
Red Bay
Red Cedar
Uve oak
O
Intermittant low dunes
American Holy
Wax Myrtle
Exposed forest on
Red Cedar
and wetlands
Stable upland forests
S1broaderislands
Forested freshwater
high, steep rely
dunes
Oceanfront forests
W
wetlandsininterdune
Subjected10extreme salt spray
awales
Storm protection
Wind protection
MaIntainswaterquality
Deflects salt Way Primary dune protection
Wildlife
Island stabilization
Shallowaquiler
Storm resistance Interior forest buffer
zo
Wind buffer
Climate control
recharge
Nutrient cycling Highadstheticvalue
u 1-
Nutrientcycing
Wbitehadtat
o'
Nutrientcycing
U W
W
Maintain as
Avoid isolalionrg trees
No fillnnpp oI
Avoid building on
No disturbance of
W
undeveloped
shrubland
Umitclearin to build-
wedarb3
slopesover,40%
leading edge
W ¢
for
ing and access
Direct stormwater to
Avoid ridgetop
Restore with plantings when breadred
c�
Clear access only
Integrate roads with
g
wetlands
development
Minimize grading A canopy openings
Maintain salt spray
typography
Minimize
Avoid road cuts
edge intact
Limitimpervious
disturbance
across ridge
surfaces
Source: Protecting Maritime Forests Through Planning and Design, Division of Coastal
Management, North Carolina Department of Environment, Health and Natural Resources.
1-45

1
1
1
Ll
Based on the available information, prehistoric activities in the area primarily involved
the seasonal exploitation of shellfish and other marine resources. Sites associated with these
activities tend to be relatively small, characterized by accumulations of discarded shell
(referred to as shell midden), broken bits of pottery vessels, and stone tools. Such sites are
easily disturbed by contemporary land use activities and natural shoreline erosion. Of the
known sites, most have been disturbed and are not considered significant. However, several
sites may contain significant information and warrant further investigation.
The North Carolina Division of Archives and History files are incomplete and no in-depth
historical research has been conducted for Indian Beach. Any development within Indian
Beach should be reviewed for possible impacts on potentially significant archaeological sites
and historic structures. If significant sites are identified within the area, efforts should be
made to protect them from unnecessary or avoidable adverse impacts. Any development
activity in Indian Beach should be coordinated with the Division of Archives and History.
1) Closed Shellfishing Areas
Adjacent to Indian Beach, the majority of the waters that have been closed to
shellfishing are located in the Bogue Sound near Rock Point. The general location of these
areas have been provided on Map 1. It should be noted that the areas closed to shellfishing,
identified on Map 1, are synonymous with the partially supporting waters described on the
following page.
m) Other Fragile Areas
There are no inlet hazard areas, natural resource areas, complex natural areas, or any
coastal geologic formations as defined by 15A NCAC 7H located in Indian Beach.
6. Areas of Resource Potential
a) Public Parks
The Town of Indian Beach does not contain any public parks. However, the Theodore
Roosevelt Natural Area is located only five miles away, within the Town of Pine Knoll Shores.
This natural area consists of 290 acres, 25 of which are dedicated to the North Carolina
Aquarium. Also included as part of the Theodore Roosevelt Natural Area is a one mile strand
of beach located in Salter Path which extends from the mean high water mark to the back foot
of the frontal dune. These properties are managed by the North Carolina Division of Parks and
Recreation. Although technically not "public parks," the town maintains one public beach
access site located at the end of S.R. 1192, and Carteret County maintains one regional public
access facility in Salter Path.
b) Marine Resources
Scattered subaquatic vegetation is found
shoreline. All subaquatic vegetation should be
Beach's and Bogue Sound's maritime environment.
through the CAMA major permitting process.
on Bogue Sound along the Indian Beach
protected as an important part of Indian
Disturbance of the vegetation is regulated
1 1-46

The North Carolina Division of Water Quality assigns water quality classifications to all
waters of the State of North Carolina. The schedule of classifications is provided by 15 NCAC
213.0302 to .0317. The classifications are based upon the existing or contemplated best
usage of the various streams and segments of streams within a basin, as determined through
studies, evaluations, and comments received at public hearings. The state classifies tidal salt
waters as follows:
Class SA: shellfishing for market purposes and any other usage specified by
the "SB" and "SC" classification;
Class SB: primary recreation and any other usage specified by the "SC"
classification;
Class SC: fish and wildlife propagation, secondary recreation, and other
uses requiring waters of lower quality.
All waters of Bogue Sound within and adjacent to Indian Beach are designated in an
SA classification. The North Carolina Division of Water Quality defined SA as "waters suitable
for the taking of shellfish for market purposes, primary recreation, fish and wildlife
propagation, and secondary recreation." There are not any primary nursery areas located in
or adjacent to Indian Beach. In addition, the SA classified waters located west of Rock Point
are also designated as ORWs. See page 1-42 for a more detailed description of ORWs.
Table 15 (see page 1-23) provides a breakdown of water classes and acreage for
Watershed 03020106030082 which includes the Town of Indian Beach.
In addition, surface waters (streams, lakes, or estuaries) are rated as either fully
supporting (S), support -threatened (ST), partially supporting (PS), or nonsupporting (NS) by
the Division of Water Quality. The terms refer to whether the classified uses of the water
(such as water supply, aquatic life protection and swimming) are being fully supported,
partially supported, or are not supported. For instance, saltwaters classified for commercial
shellfish harvesting (SA) would be rated as fully supporting if bacterial levels in the water were
low enough to allow harvesting. However, if fecal coliform bacteria levels were too high to
allow shellfish to be harvested, but not too high to prevent swimming, then the waters would
be rated as partially supporting since they only support the swimming. If the waters were
impacted to the point that even swimming was disallowed, the waters would be rated as
nonsupporting. Partially supporting (PS) waters have been identified adjacent to Indian Beach.
The location of these areas have been provided on Map 1.
c1 Agricultural and Forestlands
There are no significant agriculturally productive or commercially productive forestlands
located in Indian Beach. However, there are some maritime forest areas as delineated on Map
5.
1-47

SECTION II: DEMOGRAPHIC DATA
A. PROJECTED DEMAND FOR DEVELOPMENT
1. General Discussion
In this section, recent trends in the Town of Indian Beach's population and housing
characteristics will be utilized to project population growth and housing characteristics in the
town. The continuing migration into Indian Beach is expected to have progressively greater
impact on land use issues throughout the next ten years.
Any population increases will impact the existing transportation system, increase demand for
water supply, increase the need for central sewage disposal, increase the demand for all town
services, and increase the potential for groundwater pollution from septic tank usage. The
service demands generated by population increases must be judged by both year-round and
peak seasonal population.
2. Population Proiections
Based on Coastal Area Management Act planning guidelines, population projections prepared
by the Office of State Planning are the appropriate data to be utilized in projecting year-round
population for Indian Beach from 1994-2005. In Table 22, "Summary of Year -Round
Population Growth by Townships and Municipality", the figures for the year 1990 and 1994
have been taken directly from the Office of State Planning data. The growth rate in population
between 1990-1994 was determined and extrapolated to provide the 2000 and 2005
estimates. These estimates are based on the assumption that the relative growth rate will
remain the same from 1994-2005 as experienced between 1990-1994.
r1
iJ
I
1
1

Table 21
Town of Indian Beach and Carteret County, NC
Summary of Year -Round Population Growth by Township and Municipality, 1990 - 2005
Township
Municipality or Area
Year Round Population
Percentage Change
Overall
1990
1994
2000
2005
'94200
'00205
'94205
1) Atlantic
Total Township
805
803
799
796
-0.49%
-0.35%
-0.84%
2) Beaufort
Beaufort
3,808
3,997
4,351
4,600
8.85%
5.72%
15.08%
Unincorporated Areas
4,205
4,644
5,467
6,045
17.71 %
10.58%
30.16%
Total Township
8,013
8,641
9,818
10,645
13.61 %
8.43%
23.19%
3) Cedar Island
Total Township
385
407
448
477
10.1 1 %
6.46%
17.23%
4) Davis
Total Township
535
553
587
611
6.15%
4.08%
10.48%
5) Harkers Island
Total Township
2,237
2,375
2,634
2,816
10.90%
6.91 %
18.56%
6) Harlowe
Total Township
1,190
1,289
1,474
1,604
14.37%
8.84%
24.48%
7) Marshallberg
Total Township
646
674
726
763
7.75%
5.06%
13.20%
8) Merrimon
Total Township
542
591
683
747
15.54%
9.46%
26.46%
9) Morehead City
Atlantic Beach
1,958
2,267
2,846
3,252
25.52%
14.30%
43.47%
Indian Beach
153
177
222
254
25.39%
14.24%
43.24%
Morehead City
6,046
6,384
7,017
7,462
9.91 %
6.34%
16.88%
Pine Knoll Shores
1,360
1,543
1,886
2,127
22.21%
12.78%
37.82%
Unincorporated Areas
10,985
11,485
12,420
13,078
8.15%
5.30%
13.88%
Total Township
20,502
21,856
24,390
26,173
11.60%
7.31%
19.75%
10) Newport
Newport
2,516
2,778
3,269
3,614
17.66%
10.55%
30.08%
Unincorporated Areas
4,817
5,337
6,312
6,997
18.26%
10.86%
31.09%
Total Township
7,333
8,115
9,580
10,611
18.05%
10.75%
30.75%
11) Sea Level
Total Township
773
872
1,056
1,186
21.16%
12.28%
36.05%
12) Smyrna
Total Township
782
843
958
1,039
13.61%
8.42%
23.18%
13) Stacy
Total Township
401
434
497
541
14.40%
8.85%
24.52%
141 Straits
Total Township
1,948
2,129
2,468
2,706
15.91 %
9.65%
27.10%
15) White Oak
Cape Carteret
11008
1,179
1,499
1,724
27.16%
15.02%
46.25%
Emerald Isle
2,434
2,798
3,480
3,959
24.36%
13.77%
41.49%
Cedar Point
628
688
800
879
16.33%
9.87%
27.81 %
Unincorporated Areas
2,413
2,379
2,316
2,271
-2.66%
-1.92%
-4.53%
Total Township
6,483
7,044
8,095
8,834
14.92%
9.13%
25.41 %
Total Municipalities
19,911
21,811
25,369
27,870
16.31%
9.86%
27.78%
Total Unincorporated Areas
32,662
34,813
38,840
41,673
11.57%
7.29%
19.70%
Total County
52,573
56,624
64,209
69,543
13.40%
8.31 %
22.82%
Sources: N.C. State Data Center; extrapolation of data for unincorporated areas by Holland Consulting Planners, Inc.
II-2
1111111M, 1m ow M M am M 1111111111111111D M 1W r I11111111M Imo► No M o

Overall population growth in Indian Beach will be impacted by population growth in Carteret
County and in the nearby municipalities. Despite the expected decrease in the annual growth
rate over the 1990s, the population growth rate in Carteret County will still be more than
double the North Carolina rate over the next ten years. From 1994-2005, the state population
is estimated to show a 9.9% increase. The Carteret County population is anticipated to grow
22.8% over the same period.
Indian Beach's permanent population will increase at a rate 1.9 times that of the county. In
addition, the town's rate of growth for overall total peak population is expected to be higher
than the county's. This growth does not include day visitors. Based on the 1995 town
estimates of 1,600 peak day visitors, the 2000 and 2005 peak populations with day visitors
will be approximately 9,270 and 9,680, respectively. Table 22 provides a summary of the
peak population forecast. This forecast is based on an assumed 100% occupancy of the
town's seasonal units. The occupancy rates utilized were four persons per motel unit and five
persons per private seasonal housing units. Planning for services should be based on total
population with day visitors.
Table 22
Town of Indian Beach
Total Peak Population
11 Year Permanent Peak Total Ratio
1994 177 7,071 7,248 39.9
2000 222 7,446 7,668 33.5
2005 254 7,821 8,075 30.8
Source: Holland Consulting Planners, Inc.
As indicat, d in Table 22, the ratio of peak seasonal to permanent population is expected to
decrease during the planning period.
' Based on Table 23, the average annual population growth rate for the town should continue
to decrease during the planning period. This trend is outlined in Table 23, below.
1
Table 23
Town of Indian Beach
Average Annual Population Growth Rate and Percent Change, 1994-2005
1994-2000 2000-2005 '94200 to '00205
Indian Beach 4.23 2.88 -31.91 %
Source: Office of State Planning and Holland Consulting Planners, Inc.
Despite the expected decrease in growth rate, the annual population growth rate in Indian
Beach will still be considerably higher than the state as a whole over the next ten years. The
Indian Beach annual growth rate between 1994-2005 is expected to be 3.93% as compared
II-3

to 0.97% for the state over the same period. By the year 2005, the Town of Indian Beach
is expected to have reached a population of 254.
3. Housing Trends
As shown earlier in Table 22, the Town of Indian Beach can expect an increase of 77
permanent residents between 1994-2005. During this period, the average household size has
been estimated to decrease in Carteret County from 2.57 in 1994 to 2.43 in 2005. Based on
an average of 2.5 persons per household, population increases would necessitate the
construction of 31 new homes prior to the year 2005. If the average lot size in Indian Beach
is .63 acres, then approximately 20 acres of land will be needed for this new residential
construction. Vacant land occupies 71 acres in western Indian Beach and 136 acres in
eastern Indian Beach. This acreage is more than adequate to meet the estimated demand for
residential development.
The following problems may confront continued residential development:
-- Maintaining municipal services at a level adequate to support the growing
population.
-- Increasing problems with groundwater pollution and malfunctioning septic
tanks.
-- Preservation of Maritime Forest areas.
4. Commercial and Industrial Land Use
All of Indian Beach's commercial property is located in western Indian Beach. The commercial
use includes supermarkets, private offices, marinas, and restaurants. There does not appear
to be any land available for expansion of commercial land uses in the western section of town.
However, there are six acres of vacant land, zoned commercial, and available for development
in the eastern section of town. The town does not anticipate the additional zoning of any
commercial property.
There was no industrially zoned property. In fact, the Indian Beach zoning ordinance does not
include an industrial category.
The existing commercial development is generally well designed and presents minimal conflicts
with adjacent non-commercial uses. During the 1994 to 2005 planning period, the following
will limit commercial development:
-- The lack of vacant land zoned for commercial development;
-- Increasing land values;
-- Increasing traffic congestion on N.C. 58, Salter Path Road;
-- Continuing lack of central sewage treatment facilities.
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' 5. Transportation
1
Due to current development trends and recent traffic counts, the existing system of roads in
Indian Beach are expected to remain adequate during the planning period. The most recent
data available from the North Carolina Department of Transportation indicated an average daily
traffic count of 10,500 vehicles on Highway 58, at Indian Beach, in 1994. The NCDOT
Transportation Improvement Program, which outlines projects through the year 2001, does
not include any improvements within the Town of Indian Beach. However, there is the
potential for future projects along Highway 58 which may affect traffic in town. Some Bogue
Banks municipalities have expressed interest in having NC 58 widened to four or five lanes.
In addition, there is the possibility of the construction of a third bridge from Bogue Banks to
the Carteret County mainland.
6. Public Land Use
Public land use is not expected to change substantially during the planning period. No
significant construction or land acquisition is anticipated. The town will continue to maintain
and improve its existing public facilities.
7. Areas Likely to Experience Maior Land Use Changes
No major changes in existing land use patterns or zoning are expected. The town has
maintained an active planning program designed to control incompatible land uses and
maintain predominantly low -density residential development.
8. Summary
The greatest growth issue common to all of the municipalities on Bogue Banks is the need for
a central sewer system. Both ground and surface water pollution, due largely to the extensive
use of septic tanks, is evident in all of the Bogue Banks communities. As with all Bogue
Banks municipalities, plans for the development of a system must be closely coordinated with
Carteret County. Other key issues which will impact growth and development are as follows:
-- Protection of Areas of Environmental Concern and Other Fragile Areas.
-- Increasing traffic congestion along Highway 58.
-- Elimination of storm drainage (flooding) problem areas.
-- Preserving low -to -moderate density residential development.
-- Providing for the service demands generated by an expanding permanent and
seasonal population.
-- Maintaining adequate water supply.
Continue the coordinated efforts in the pursuit of a regional sewer system.
Maintaining adequate planning for storm hazard mitigation and post -disaster
recovery planning.
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B. PROJECTED PUBLIC FACILITIES NEEDS/AVAILABILITY
By 2005, peak seasonal population will be 29.81 times the permanent year-round population.
This demand for services will increase dramatically during periods of peak day visitor traffic.
Indian Beach's facilities and services must be designed to accommodate peak seasonal and,
to some extent, day visitor traffic.
In addition to serving the Town of Indian Beach and Salter Path, the Bogue Banks Water
Corporation also supplies waterto the Town of Emerald Isle. These communities are expected
to show increases both in terms of year-round population and peak seasonal population
through the year 2005. The volume of water supplied by the Bogue Banks Water Corporation
appeared adequate in 1995. However, in anticipation of future growth, careful monitoring and
planning of the water system will be necessary to maintain adequate water supply and
pressure.
In addition to a growth in demand, salt water intrusion into the groundwater supply may
become a problem. In eastern North Carolina, phosphate production utilizes approximately 60
million gallons of water per day. This consumption may have a negative impact on the Castle
Hayne Aquifer and contribute to salt water intrusion. The ability of the aquifer systems to
supply groundwater to accommodate the growth expected to occur within Carteret County
should be carefully monitored. A specific plan should be cooperatively prepared by the town
and Bogue Banks Water Corporation to ensure the adequacy of supply, pressure, and quality
of water.
Central sewer service will continue to be a need that will increase as the town's population
increases. Concurrent with the preparation of this plan, Carteret County was evaluating the
alternatives for a county central sewer system. Significant interest in county -sponsored
central sewer service had been indicated by all of the municipalities within Carteret County.
An additional problem which has not been adequately defined is inadequate storm drainage.
Although Indian Beach rarely experiences severe flooding, during heavy rainfall, localized
flooding has been known to occur along Highway 58 primarily at the SR 1 192 intersection and
in front of the Summerwinds condominium complex. These storm drainage problems will most
likely intensify as development continues. Future storm water runoff problems may be kept
minimal through the development of a stormwater control ordinance designed to limit
stormwater runoff from new developments.
C. REDEVELOPMENT ISSUES
Approximately 34% of the housing units in Indian Beach are less than ten years old, and
approximately 83% of all housing units are less than twenty-five years old. There is not a
need for redevelopment of existing areas. Any demand for substantial redevelopment will be
the result of damage occurring from a major storm. Any Category 3 or greater storm would
result in substantial damage to Indian Beach. There would be a major loss of both residential
and commercial properties. The town continues to support the generalized policies of the
Carteret County Multi -Hazard Plan and Hurricane Evacuation Plan related to establishing
priorities, staging and permitting of reconstruction repairs following a major natural storm
disaster.
HIA

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There are no major or apparent infrastructure problems. The Bogue Banks Water Corporation
appears to be in good repair. The Carteret -Craven Electric Membership Corporation (EMC)
electrical distribution system is also in good repair. However, the town should discuss with
the EMC any options which may be available for the placement of utilities underground
following a major natural disaster.
D. INTERGOVERNMENTAL COORDINATION AND IMPLEMENTATION
This plan was reviewed by the Carteret County Planning Department prior to certification by
the Coastal Resources Commission. This review was provided to help ensure consistency of
this plan with Carteret County's planning efforts. Intergovernmental coordination and
cooperation will continue through the ten-year planning period. This will be essential to
accomplish effective planning for public utilities, thoroughfare projects, community facilities,
housing needs, and environmental protection. The Indian Beach Board of Commissioners and
Planning Board will be responsible for ensuring adequate coordination with Carteret County,
Bogue Banks and mainland municipalities, and other government entities as may be required.
The Town of Indian Beach has participated in several joint planning efforts with neighboring
jurisdictions, such as the joint land use planning meeting held in Beaufort on August 21, 1996,
and the North Carolina Municipalities meeting held in Emerald Isle on November 18-19, 1996.
In addition, Indian Beach is also an active member of the Carteret County Interlocal Agency.
1

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SECTION III: LAND CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM
The CAMA regulations require the establishment of a specific land classification system to
support the local government's policy statements. This system should reflect developing land
use patterns within the town and provide a framework to be utilized by Indian Beach to identify
future land uses. The 15A NCAC 76 requirements provide for the following land classifications:
developed, urban transition, limited transition, community, rural, rural with services, and
conservation. Each applicable land classification must be represented on a land classification
map. (See Map 6, Indian Beach Land Classification Map.)
The following land classifications will apply in Indian Beaches jurisdiction:
Developed (D) - Areas included in this land classification are currently urban in character, with
no or minimal undeveloped land remaining. Municipal types of services, with the exception of
central sewer service, are in place or are expected to be provided within the next five to ten
years. Land uses include residential, commercial, public/semi-public, and other urban land uses
at the following densities which are prescribed by 15A NCAC 76:
° 500 dwelling units per square mile, or
° three dwelling units per acre, or
° where a majority of lots are 15,000 square feet or less.
The developed areas located in Indian Beach were well below these urban densities in 1996,
having an average town -wide residential density of approximately two dwelling units per acre.
Conservation (C) - The following areas of environmental concern and "404" wetlands (not an
area of environmental concern) are included in the conservation classification:
— Coastal Wetlands: This classification includes all areas of salt marsh or other
marsh subject to regular or occasional flooding by tides, including wind tides.
However, tidal flooding is understood not to include hurricane or tropical storm
tides. Except for package treatment plants and septic tanks, development which
meets the minimum use standards of 15A NCAC 7H, Indian Beach zoning, and
the policies contained in this plan shall be allowed in areas classified as coastal
wetlands.
Estuarine Shoreline: In shoreline areas not contiguous to waters classified as
outstanding resource waters by the Environmental Management Commission, all
land 75 feet landward from the mean high water level or normal water level are
considered to be estuarine shorelines. In shoreline areas contiguous to waters
classified as outstanding resource waters by the Environmental Management
Commission, all land 575 feet landward from the mean high water level or normal
water level are considered to be ORW estuarine shoreline. Because of map size
and scale, these areas cannot be accurately mapped. Precise locations must be
determined in the field. Uses consistent with Indian Beach zoning, the policies
contained in this plan, and the 15A NCAC 7H use standards shall be allowed in

I
estuarine shoreline areas. Within maritime forest areas, minimum design
standards stipulated by the Planned Development (PD) zoning district apply which
exceed 15A NCAC 7H. Within the PD district, regulations are principally designed
to ensure the conservation of maritime forests while providing to land owners
reasonable use of their property.
— Outstanding Resource Waters (ORW): This area includes all waters of Bogue;
Sound in and adjacent to Indian Beach which have been designated by the North
Carolina Environmental Management Commission as Outstanding Resource
Waters. The ORW designation is adjacent to the western section of Indian Beach
and not the eastern section. The ORW locations are indicated on Map 5.
Allowed uses will be those permitted by the use standards included in the Bogue
Sound ORW Management Plan, 15A NCAC 7H, and the policies contained in this
plan. The policies dealing with floating structures and industrial development are
more restrictive than the ORW Management Plan and 15A NCAC 7H.
— Estuarine and Public Trust Waters: All public trust areas and estuarine waters I!
are included in this classification. All waters in Indian Beaches planning
jurisdiction are classified as estuarine waters as described by 15A NCAC 71-1.0206
or public trust areas as described by 15A NCAC 71-1.0207. Except for floating
structures and the prohibition of aquaculture activities, uses permitted by the
policies contained in this plan and 15A NCAC 7H shall be allowed.
— Ocean Hazard Areas: This classification includes all ocean hazard areas. These
areas include lands along the Atlantic shoreline where, because of their special
vulnerability to erosion or other adverse effects of sand, wind and water,
uncontrolled or incompatible development could unreasonably endanger life or
property. These areas include beaches, frontal dunes, inlet lands, and other
lands with excessive erosion or flood damage. Development shall be permitted
which is allowed by the policies contained in this plan, the Indian Beach Zoning
Ordinance, and 15A NCAC 7H.0306. The town's policies concerning ocean
hazard areas are not more restrictive than the state's 7H use standards.
— 404 Wetlands (not an area of environmental concern): 404 wetlands are areas
covered by water or that have waterlogged soils for long periods during the
growing season. Plants growing in wetlands are capable of living in soils lacking
oxygen for at least part of the growing season. 404 wetlands include, but are not
limited to, bottomlands, forests, swamps, pocosins, pine savannahs, bogs,
marshes, and wet meadows.
Section 404 of the Clean Water Act requires that anyone interested in depositing
dredged or fill material into "waters of the United States," including wetlands, must
apply for and receive a permit for such activities. The Wilmington office of the
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers has regulatory authority in Indian Beach. While
there may be scattered wetland areas located within Indian Beach, the specific
locations of wetlands areas must be determined through on -site analysis. The
town concurs with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers' standards and does not 11
intend to develop more restrictive standards.
IIIK
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CONSERVATION
Land areas in Indian Beach meeting the intent of this classification include the following:
j
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t
r
t
?
Areas of Environmental Concern (AFC's)
including coastal wetlands, estuarine and
public trust waters, estuarine shorelines,
ORW estuarine shorelines, and ocean
hazard areas as identified in 15A NCAC
711. Because of map size and scale, these
areas cannot be accurately mapped.
Precise locations must be determined in
the field. Uses permitted by the policies
contained in this plan, the Town of Indian
Beach Zoning Ordinance, and 15A NCAC
7H shall be allowed.
404 Wetlands, as identified by the U.S.
Army Corps of Engineers. These areas
are not delineated on this map. Specific
locations must be determined in the field
by representatives of the Wilmington office
of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.
The town concurs with the U.S. Army
Corps of Engineers' standards and does
not intend to develop more restrictive
standards.
Path Road
The preparation of this map. was financed in part through a
grant provided by the North Carolina Coastal Management
Program, through fiords provided by the Coastal Zone
Management Act of 1972, as amended, which is administered
by the Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management,
National -Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
1
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BOGUS SOUND
Salter Path
(Unincorporated)
ATLANTIC OCEAN
Z
1 Hoffman Beach C.
rnnrnrFA e )
TOWN OF INDIAN BEACH,
NORTH CAROLINA
MAP 6
LAND CLASSIFICATION MAP
Everything in the Town of Indian Beach not in an Area of Environmental
Concern (AEC) will be in the Developed classification.

D
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SECTION IV: POLICY STATEMENTS
This plan identifies issues dealing with growth, development, and the environment. This section
of the plan is intended to provide policies which will address growth management and protection
of the environment. The policies should be based on the objectives of the citizens of Indian
Beach and satisfy the objectives of the Coastal Resources Commission. The policies should not
restrict healthy, environmentally sound development essential to Indian Beach's future well being.
It should be emphasized that the policy statements are extremely important and have a
day-to-day impact on businesses and individual citizens within Indian Beach's planning
jurisdiction. The statements have an impact in three areas:
— CAMA minor and major permitting as required by N.C.G.S. 113A-118 prior to
undertaking any development in any area of environmental concern.
— Establishment of local planning policy.
-- Review of proposed projects requiring state or federal assistance or approval to
determine consistency with local policies.
For the issuance of CAMA permits within areas of environmental concern, the state's minimum
acceptable use standards are defined by 15A NCAC 7H. A local unit of government must adopt
policies which are, at a minimum, equal to and consistent with the state's minimum use
standards. Indian Beach may adopt policies which are more stringent than the minimum use
standards. For example, the state standards allow marinas to be located within primary nursery
areas if some minimum conditions are met. Indian Beach could adopt a policy stating that
marinas will not be permitted within primary nursery areas (This is only an example, not a
recommendation). If this were to occur, a CAMA permit for marina construction in a primary
nursery area would not be issued. IT IS CRUCIAL THAT A LOCAL GOVERNMENT
UNDERSTAND THE IMPACT OF ITS POLICIES WITHIN AREAS OF ENVIRONMENTAL
CONCERN.
The second area of land use plan application is that of establishing policies to guide the
jurisdiction's local planning. This may apply both within areas of environmental concern where
CAMA regulations apply and in non-CAMA regulated areas of the county. Under North Carolina
legislation, land use plans are not regulatory controls. Non-CAMA related recommendations
must be implemented with local land use ordinances such as zoning or subdivision ordinances.
If this plan recommends that the average residential density should be three dwelling units per
acre within a particular area, then that density must be achieved through local zoning ordinance
or other regulatory control. (This should not be confused with the interaction of the land use plan
with the CAMA regulations and 15A NCAC 7H use standards.)
The final area of application is that of "Consistency Review." Proposals and applications for
state and federal assistance or requests for agency approval of projects are normally reviewed
against a jurisdiction's land use plan to determine if the project is consistent with local policies.
Inconsistencies of a project with local policies could serve as grounds for denial or revision of
a project. For example, an individual or agency may request state or federal funding to construct
a 30-unit low -to -moderate income housing project. If the proposed location of the project is
IV-1

within an area in which this land use plan states that the residential density should not exceed
two dwelling units per acre, the project may be judged to be inconsistent with the local land use
plan.
The Coastal Resources Commission requires all governments to specify stated development
policies under each one of five broad topics as specified by 15A NCAC 7B. These topics
include:
-- Resource Protection
— Resource Production and Management
— Economic and Community Development
— Continuing Public Participation
— Storm Hazard Mitigation, Post -Disaster Recovery, and Evacuation Plans
During 1995 and 1996, the NCAC 7B CAMA planning guidelines were revised. The revised
guidelines included new requirements for the development of policy statements. These changes
included the following policy statement additions:
— A general vision policy statement describing the type of community
that the local government would like to become within the next ten
years.
— A basic statement as to the community attitude toward resource
protection.
— A policy addressing the protection of wetlands identified as being
of the highest functional significance on maps supplied by the
Division of Coastal Management.
— A policy addressing moorings and mooring fields.
— A policy addressing water quality problems and management
measures designed to reduce or eliminate local sources of surface
water quality problems.
— A statement as to the community attitude toward resource
production and management.
— A policy addressing commitment to state and federal programs,
including housing rehabilitation, community development block
grants, housing for low and moderate income level citizens, water
and sewer installation, and rural water systems.
— A policy addressing assistance to interstate waterways.
Based on the analysis of existing conditions and trends, suggestions from the town's citizens,
and substantial input and guidance from the Town of Indian Beach Board of Adjustment, the
policies in the following sections have been formulated to provide a guide for regulating
development within Indian Beach's planning jurisdiction. Policies which were considered, but not
adopted, are provided in Appendix I.
IV-2

IA. VISION STATEMENT
The Town of Indian Beach should continue to promote a pro -active land planning position by
taking the lead in guiding and managing local land use activities. The town currently enforces
a zoning ordinance that is designed to improve the health, safety, and general welfare of its
citizens; and to avoid unreasonable restrictions on personal property while establishing clear
guidelines for growth. The town will continue to be a tourist (seasonal) oriented community with
a low year-round permanent population.
B. RESOURCE PROTECTION POLICY STATEMENTS
Community Attitude Toward Resource Protection
Indian Beach is supportive of resource protection. The town will pursue policies and actions
which are protective of the town's resources. Of particular concern is the protection of its Areas
of Environmental Concern and support of the 15A NCAC 7H minimum use standards for Areas
of Environmental Concern.
Physical Limitations
Soils
To mitigate existing septic tank problems and other restrictions on development posed by soil
limitations, Indian Beach will:
(a)
Enforce all current regulations of the N.C. State Building Code and support the Carteret
County Health Department in all matters relating to septic tank installation/replacement
in areas with soils restrictions.
(b)
Coordinate all development activity with appropriate county and state regulatory
personnel.
(c)
The Town of Indian Beach will cooperate with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. in the
regulation/enforcement of the 404 wetlands permit process.
d
All commercial institutional and residential subdivision development should be sensitive
to the character of prevailing soil types, flood prone areas, and physiographic conditions
which impact septic tank use, private wells, and construction feasibility.
(e)
Density of development will be regulated by the Town of Indian Beach zoning.
(f)
Indian Beach opposes the installation of package treatment plants and septic tanks, or
discharge of waste in any areas classified as coastal wetlands.
(g)
Support and cooperate with the efforts of Carteret County to develop a central sewer
system to serve the developed areas of the county, including the municipalities.
I IV-3

Flood Hazard Areas
(a) Indian Beach will coordinate any development within the special flood hazard area with
the North Carolina Division of Coastal Management, FEMA, and the U.S. Corps of
Engineers.
(b) Indian Beach will continue to enforce its existing zoning and flood damage prevention
ordinances and follow the storm hazard mitigation plan. (See Storm Hazard Mitigation,
Post -Disaster Recovery, and Evacuation Plans).
(c) The town will continue to support and implement the community rating system which
allows for reduced flood insurance rates.
Groundwater/Protection of Potable Water Supplies
(a) It is the policy of Indian Beach to conserve its surficial groundwater resources by
supporting CAMA and N.C. Division of Water Quality stormwater runoff regulations, and
by coordinating local development activities involving chemical storage or underground
storage tank installation/abandonment with Carteret County Emergency Management
personnel and the Groundwater Section of the N.C. Division of Water Quality.
(b) Indian Beach will support strict county administration of septic tank regulations
(c) The Town of Indian Beach will encourage and support water conservation efforts.
Outstanding Resource Waters (ORWs)
With the exception of industrial development and the construction of privately owned signs in
public trust areas, the Town of Indian Beach will support development in ORW waters and ORW
estuarine shoreline areas that is consistent with the policies contained in this plan, local
ordinances, and the state's management strategies of ORW designated regulations.
Stormwater Runoff
(a) Indian Beach recognizes the value of water quality maintenance to the protection of
fragile areas and to the provision of clean water for recreational purposes. The town also
supports state stormwater runoff criteria applicable to land development. (Stormwater
Disposal Policy 15 NCAC 2H.001-.1003).
Manmade Hazards
(a) Indian Beach will support the technical requirements and state program approval for
underground storage tanks (Chapter 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations, Parts 280
and 281), and any subsequent state regulations concerning underground storage tanks
adopted during the planning period.
(b) With the exception of bulk fuel storage tanks used for retail sales, and individual heating
fuel storage tanks, Indian Beach opposes the bulk storage of manmade hazardous
materials within its jurisdiction.
IV-4

(c) Indian Beach is opposed to the establishment of toxic waste dump sites within Carteret
County.
ISolid Waste
(a) Indian Beach supports Carteret County's participation in a regional multi -county approach
to solid waste management. This includes disposal of solid waste in the Tri-County
Landfill.
(b) Indian Beach will cooperate with any efforts to educate people and businesses on waste
reduction and recycling. The town vigorously supports recycling and supports setting up
practical collection methods and education efforts to achieve a high degree of
' county -wide recycling.
(c) Indian Beach supports the siting of recyclable collection centers within developed
commercial and developed institutional land classifications.
(d) The town will consider adoption of ordinances with severe penalties for illegal dumping.
Cultural/Historical Resources
The town will coordinate all town public works projects with the N.C. Division of Archives and
History, to ensure the identification and preservation of significant archaeological sites.
Industrial Impacts on Fragile Areas
Industrial development is not seen as a significant factor in Indian Beach, and the town does not
feel the need for further restrictions which deal with industrial impacts on fragile areas.
C. MISCELLANEOUS RESOURCE PROTECTION
Package Treatment Plant Use
Indian Beach is opposed to the installation of package treatment plants in coastal wetlands. In
other areas, Indian Beach will support the construction of package treatment plants which are
approved and permitted by the State Division of Water Quality and by the Carteret County Health
Department/Division of Health Services. If any package plants are approved, Indian Beach
supports requirement of a specific contingency plan specifying how ongoing private operation
and maintenance of the plant will be provided, and detailing provisions for assumption of the
plant into a public system should the private operation fail.
Marinas. Docks, Piers and Floating Home Development
(a) Development standards for open water and upland marina construction and/or dry stack
storage facilities for boats associated with or independent of marinas are important to
Indian Beach. The town allows the development of open water and upland marinas and
dry stack storage facilities at appropriate locations, provided such development is
consistent with the policies contained in this plan, local ordinances, and 15A NCAC 7H
minimum use standards.
IV-5

(b) Indian Beach opposes the location of floating homes and live -aboard boats within its
planning jurisdiction. The town supports revisions to the zoning ordinance or adoption
of a separate ordinance to prohibit floating homes and live -aboard boats.
(c) Existing marinas, docks and piers may be reconstructed to their prior size so long as all
other applicable policies of this plan are satisfied and met when reconstruction occurs.
(d) The town will allow maintenance dredging of upland marinas including approach channels
as long as this action meets all applicable local, state, and federal ordinances and
regulations.
Mooring Fields
Indian Beach does not object to the establishment of mooring fields within its planning
jurisdiction.
Development of Sound and Estuarine Islands
There are no sound or estuarine islands within the Indian Beach planning jurisdiction. This
policy does not apply.
Ocean Hazard Areas
(a) Indian Beach will support only uses within the ocean hazard areas which are allowed by
15A NCAC 7H and are consistent with the town's zoning ordinance.
(b) Indian Beach supports beach nourishment and relocation as the preferred erosion control
measures for ocean hazard areas.
(c) The town supports state requirements pertaining to shoreline stabilization in ocean
hazard areas.
Inlet Hazard Areas
There are no inlet hazard areas in Indian Beach.
Bulkhead Construction
Except for ocean hazard areas, Indian Beach does not oppose bulkhead construction within its
jurisdiction as long as construction fulfills the use standards set forth in 15A NCAC 7H.
Sea Level Rise
(a) Indian Beach will continuously monitor sea level rise and revise as necessary all local
building and land use related ordinances to establish setback standards, long-term land
use plans, density controls, buffer vegetation protection requirements, and building
designs which will facilitate the movement of structures.
IV-6

(b) Indian Beach will allow the construction of bulkheads which satisfy 15A NCAC 7H in all
non -ocean hazard areas to protect structures and property from rising sea level.
Maritime Forests
The Town of Indian Beach supports development consistent with the Planned Development (PD)
zoning district. Within the PD district, regulations are principally designed to ensure the
conservation of maritime forests while providing to landowners reasonable uses of their property.
Water Quality Management
(a) Indian Beach supports addressing the following issues in the development of the White
Oak Basinwide Management Plan:
Long-term Growth Management
Wastewater management (non -discharge, regionalization, ocean outfall).
Urban stormwater runoff/water quality.
— Role of local land use planning.
Shellfish Water Closures
— Increases in number of acres closed.
w Examine link between growth and closures.
Opportunities for restoration and prevention.
Animal Operation Waste Management
Between 1990-1991, swine population more than doubled.
Nutrients/Toxic Dinoflagellate
Reduction in nitrogen and phosphorous levels.
(b) The Town of Indian Beach supports addressing shellfish water closures and the reduction
of nitrogen, phosphorous, and copper levels. These issues were identified in the White
Oak Basinwide Management Plan as being specifically relevant to the town's planning
jurisdiction.
(c) Indian Beach supports development and adoption of a local ordinance by Carteret County
to regulate swine production.
D. RESOURCE PRODUCTION AND MANAGEMENT POLICIES
Community Attitude Toward Resource Production
Indian Beach will encourage land development activities in all areas of the town. Within AEC's,
development must be consistent with the 15A NCAC 7H minimum use standards and the policies
contained in this plan. Resource production should not be allowed to adversely affect the town's
sensitive coastal environment or estuarine shorelines.
IV-7

Recreation Resources
(a) All lands classified as coastal wetlands and estuarine shorelines are considered valuable
passive recreation areas and should be protected in their natural state. Development will
be allowed which is consistent with the policies contained in this plan, town codes and
ordinances, and the 15A NCAC 7H use standards.
(b) Indian Beach will pursue the establishment of additional shoreline access sites.
(c) The Town of Indian Beach intends to apply to the Division of Coastal Management for
grant funds provided through the North Carolina Public Beach and Coastal Waterfront
Access Program. In the event that Indian Beach receives grant approval, state monies
will be used to make improvements to a public beach access site located on SR 1192.
Improvements include the repair of an existing retaining wall intended to stabilize the
primary dune and prevent sand from inundating the parking lot. These improvements will
strengthen the existing structure and enhance public access to the ocean for the local
and visiting public. The town may also apply for access funds for other sites.
Productive Agricultural Lands
There are no productive agricultural lands found in Indian Beach; therefore, no policy statement
is necessary.
Productive Forestlands
There are no productive forestlands found in Indian Beach; therefore, no policy statement is
necessary.
Aquaculture Activities
Indian Beach is opposed to all aquaculture activities. Indian Beach estuarine and public trust
waters should be reserved for recreational water activities.
Residential. Commercial, and Industrial Development Impacts on Resources
(a) Residential and commercial development which meets 15A NCAC 7H use standards,
Indian Beach zoning requirements, and the policies contained in this plan will be allowed
in estuarine shoreline, estuarine water, and public trust areas. Industrial development
will be prohibited within Indian Beach.
(b) Except for navigational signage, Indian Beach opposes the construction of any privately ■
owned signs in the coastal wetlands, estuarine waters, and public trust areas. Publicly !
owned instructional signage will be permitted.
(c) The town opposes any Transportation Improvement Plan to construct a third bridge
across Bogue Sound terminating in Indian Beach.
IV-8 I

IMarine Resource Areas
(a) With the exception of the construction of signs, prohibition of aquaculture, and floating
structures, Indian Beach supports the use standards for estuarine waters and public trust
areas as specified in 15A NCAC 7H.0208.
(b) Indian Beach reserves the right to review and comment on policies and requirements of
the North Carolina Division of Marine Fisheries which govern commercial and recreational
fisheries and activities, including trawling activities. The town recognizes the importance
to its economy of commercial and recreational fishing resources and production activities,
including nursery and habitat areas and trawling activities in estuarine waters.
(c) The town will study methods of providing public access to the sound and recreational
fisheries for residents and vacationers.
Peat or Phosphate Mining
There are no peat or phosphate deposits located within the Town of Indian Beach planning
jurisdiction.
Off -Road Vehicles
The town supports current seasonal restrictions on off -road vehicle beach access and shall
continue to monitor the effects of off -road vehicles on the beach to ensure that public and
environmental safety not be adversely affected. The current local ordinance prohibits driving on
dunes.
E. ECONOMIC AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT POLICY STATEMENTS
Community Attitude Toward Economic and Community Development
Indian Beach supports the implementation of responsible economic and community development
projects throughout the area. It is the intent of Indian Beach to promote and preserve the resort
environment by limiting activities that would detract from the town's present character by carefully
drafting policies which apply to land classification, zoning and subdivision regulations, building
permitting, and community promotion.
Water Supply
The Indian Beach water supply is adequate and does not present any constraint to
redevelopment/development which is permitted by the town's zoning ordinance. It shall be the
town's policy to promote water conservation by encouraging the use of residential and
commercial water saving devices.
Indian Beach will support preparation of a long-range study to assess the cost, quantity and
quality of the town's water supply.
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Sewer System
(a) Indian Beach supports the development of a sewage collection system. This may be
accomplished by the town acting independently or through a regional effort.
(b) In the absence of a waste treatment plant and collection system, Indian Beach will
support the issuance of permits for the construction of septic tanks and package
treatment plants for residential, commercial, and public/semi-public land uses. Such
permits must be issued consistent with the policies contained in this plan.
Energy Facility Siting and Development
(a) There are no electric generating or other power generating plants located in or proposed
for location within the Indian Beach planning jurisdiction. The town will not support the
location of permanent energy generating facilities within its jurisdiction.
(b) Indian Beach supports Carteret County's policy of reviewing proposals for development
of non-nuclear electric generating plants within Carteret County on a case -by -case basis,
judging the need for the facility by the county against all identified possible adverse
impacts. Indian Beach objects to all nuclear power plant construction. The town
reserves the right to comment on the impacts of any energy facility proposed for location
within Carteret County.
(c) In the event that offshore oil or gas is discovered, Indian Beach will not oppose drilling
operations and onshore support facilities in Carteret County or the town for which an
Environmental Impact Statement has been prepared with a finding of no significant
impact on the environment. Indian Beach supports and requests full disclosure of
development plans, with mitigative measures that will be undertaken to prevent adverse
impacts on the environment, the infrastructure, and the social systems of Carteret County
or the town. Indian Beach also requests full disclosure of any adopted plans. Offshore
drilling and the development of onshore support facilities in Carteret County or the town
may have severe costs for the town and county as well as advantages. The costs must
be borne by the company(ies) with profit(s) from offshore drilling and onshore support
facilities.
Redevelopment of Developed Areas
(a) The only significant redevelopment issue facing Indian Beach through 2000 will be
reconstruction following a hurricane or other natural disaster. The town will allow the
reconstruction of any structures demolished by natural disaster which will comply with all
applicable local and state regulations and the policies contained in this plan. The town
will not spend any local funds in order to acquire unbuildable lots but will accept
donations of such unbuildable lots. Indian Beach will work with any owners who may
have to move any threatened structures to safer locations. The town will support
reconstruction only at densities specified by current zoning regulations.
(b) Indian Beach supports ongoing efforts to maintain open and navigable waters. The town
encourages regular deposit of dredge spoil on the beach by the U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers, and considers such projects essential to the continuing redevelopment within
the town.
IV-10

ITypes and Locations of Desired Industry
There is no industrial development within Indian Beach.
Community Facilities
Indian Beach considers its existing community facilities to be adequate to serve the town's needs
during the planning period.
Commitment to State and Federal Programs
(a) Indian Beach is receptive to state and federal programs, particularly those which provide
improvements to the town. The town will continue to support fully such programs,
especially the following: North Carolina Department of Transportation road and bridge
improvement programs, the CAMA planning process and permitting programs, the U.S.
Army Corps of Engineers regulatory and permitting efforts, dredging and channel
maintenance by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, and federal and state projects which
provide efficient and safe boat access for commercial and sport fishing. Federal
programs which fund housing rehabilitation for low -to -moderate income individuals do not
apply to Indian Beach.
(b) The town opposes construction of a third bridge across Bogue Sound that terminates in
Indian Beach. The negative impacts on residences, existing land uses, vegetation, noise,
traffic, air pollution and runoff would be extremely detrimental to the economic
development and general well being of the town.
Assistance in Channel Maintenance
Indian Beach will support efforts of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and state officials to
provide proper channel maintenance. Usable spoil material for beach nourishment will be
accepted from any dredging operation for spoil taken outside of Indian Beach regardless of
location. The town will work to provide/locate spoil sites for dredge spoil taken from within Indian
Beach's jurisdiction.
Assistance in Interstate Waterways
Indian Beach considers the interstate waterway to be a valuable economic asset. The town will
provide non -economic support for maintaining the waterway by helping to obtain or providing
dredge spoil sites and, when possible, providing easements across town -owned property for
work.
Tourism
Tourism is extremely important to Indian Beach and will be supported by the town. Indian Beach
will implement the following policies to further the development of tourism:
(a) Indian Beach will continue to support the activities of the North Carolina Division of Travel
and Tourism; specifically, the monitoring of tourism -related industry, efforts to promote
tourism -related commercial activity, and efforts to enhance and provide shoreline
resources.
IV-11

(b) Indian Beach will continue to support the activities of the Carteret County Tourism
Development Bureau.
Transportation
(a) The Town of Indian Beach does not support construction of a third bridge ending in the
Indian Beach town limits.
(b) Indian Beach is opposed to any widening of U.S. 58 to provide four lanes. However, the
town supports the construction of turn lanes.
(c) Indian Beach supports the development and adoption of a county -wide thoroughfare plan.
(d) Indian Beach will work with the North Carolina Department of Transportation to ensure
that all road hazards are clearly marked or corrected. The town will identify and report
hazards to NCDOT.
Development/Growth Obiectives
Through enforcement of local ordinances including zoning; subdivision and the dune and
vegetation ordinance, the Town of Indian Beach will strive to accomplish the following growth
objectives:
(a) Maintain the town's resort environment.
(b) Strive to protect the dunes.
(c) Ensure an adequate water supply and sewage disposal.
(d) Support the development of a town -wide sewer collection system.
The town will review all local ordinances to ensure consistency with these policies.
Land Use Trends
The town's land use trends have been thoroughly discussed in other sections of this plan. Those
trends include:
— Protection of Areas of Environmental Concern and Other Fragile Areas.
— Increasing traffic congestion along U.S. 58.
— Elimination of storm drainage (flooding) problem areas.
— Preserving low -to -moderate density residential development.
— Providing for the service demands generated by an expanding permanent and seasonal
population.
— Maintaining adequate water supply.
— Continuing the coordinated efforts in the pursuit of a regional sewer system.
— Maintaining adequate planning for storm hazard mitigation and post -disaster recovery
planning.
IVA 2

I
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These land use trends should be monitored by the town and controlled through existing local,
state, and federal land use regulations including CAMA, "404" regulations, sanitary regulations,
and the town's subdivision and zoning ordinances and building inspection program.
F. CONTINUING PUBLIC PARTICIPATION POLICIES
As required by 15A NCAC 7B, Indian Beach prepared and adopted a "Citizen Participation Plan."
The plan outlined the methodology for citizen involvement (see Appendix II). Public involvement
was generated through public information meetings and advertising in local newspapers and
radio stations. Adjacent jurisdictions were contacted and asked if they desired to be directly
notified of meetings at which the land use plan update would be discussed.
A public information meeting, advertised in the Carteret County News and Times, was conducted
by the Indian Beach Board of Commissioners at the outset of the project on November 8, 1995,
at 7:30 p.m., at the Indian Beach Municipal Building. Subsequently, meetings of the Planning
Board, open to the public, were conducted on January 15, 1996; March 5, 1996; and April 22,
1996 to discuss development of the land use plan.
A public information meeting was conducted on July 10, 1996, to allow the public an opportunity
to comment on the draft plan prior to its submittal to the Division of Coastal Management. This
meeting was advertised in the Carteret County News and Times on June 30, 1996, and on local
radio stations.
The preliminary plan was submitted to the Coastal Resources Commission for comment on July
25, 1996. Following receipt of CRC comments, the plan was amended, and a formal public
hearing on the final document was conducted on June 11, 1997. The public hearing was
advertised in the Carteret County News and Times on May 7, 1997. The plan was approved by
the Indian Beach Board of Commissioners on June 11, 1997, and submitted to the Coastal
Resources Commission for certification. The plan was certified on July 25, 1997.
Continuing Citizen input will be solicited, primarily through the Planning Board, with advertised
and adequately publicized public meetings held to discuss special land use issues and to keep
citizens informed.
IV-13

INDIAN BEACH POST -DISASTER RECONSTRUCTION PLAN AND POLICIES
A. INTRODUCTION
Recognizing the potential impact that a major hurricane could have on the town, Indian Beach
adopted a series of policies designed to reduce the potential for hurricane related damage.
Those policies were established as part of the Post Disaster Recovery Plan which was adopted
in 1985, and are summarized as follows:
(a) Indian Beach will continue to enforce its subdivision and zoning ordinances which dictate
responsible land use and development standards for high hazard zones within the town.
(b) Indian Beach will adhere to the standards set forth in CAMA and the FEMA regulations
for land use and development standards in the ocean hazard AEC, estuarine shoreline
AEC and the flood zones.
(c) Indian Beach will continue to make accessible to its citizens through public notices,
workshops, and its hurricane preparedness plans the policies and procedures associated
with mitigating the impact of hurricanes through public awareness.
(d) The town will consider the redesign and construction of storm damaged facilities, public
utilities and roadways and their replacement in terms of minimizing the likelihood of future
storm related damage.
(e) Indian Beach will continue to enforce its subdivision and zoning ordinances, the state
building code, and support the state and federal programs and regulations which are
designed to mitigate the potential deleterious effects of hurricanes and other major
storms.
While post -disaster planning is important, the town recognizes that proper preventive action is
the best way to reduce flood and storm related damage. On December 15, 1991, the town
adopted a community rating system which regulates construction standards and reduces
insurance premiums. The town has a detailed Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance which was
adopted in 1987. That ordinance has the following purposes and objectives:
Purposes
(a) Restrict or prohibit uses which are dangerous to health, safety and property due to water
or erosion hazards, or which result in damaging increases in erosion or in flood heights
or velocities;
(b) Require that uses vulnerable to floods, including facilities which serve such uses, be
protected against flood damage at the time of initial construction;
(c) Control the alteration of natural flood plains, stream channels, and natural protective
barriers which are involved in the accommodation of flood waters;
(d) Control filling, grading, dredging, and other development which may increase erosion or
flood damage; and
IV-14

(e) Prevent or regulate the construction of flood barriers which will unnaturally divert flood
waters or which may increase flood hazards to other lands.
Obiectives
(a) To protect human life and health;
(b) To minimize expenditure of public money for costly flood control projects;
(c) To minimize the need for rescue and relief efforts associated with flooding and generally
undertaken at the expense of the general public;
(d) To minimize prolonged business interruptions;
(e) To minimize damage to public facilities and utilities such as water and gas mains,
Ielectric, telephone and sewer lines, streets and bridges located in flood plains;
(f) To help maintain a stable tax base by providing for the sound use and development of
flood prone areas in such a manner as to minimize flood blight areas; and
(g) To ensure that potential home buyers are notified that property is in a flood area.
B. STORM MITIGATION, EVACUATION, AND POST -DISASTER RECOVERY PLANS
Like all coastal communities, the Town of Indian Beach is acutely aware of the hazards
associated with coastal storms. The destructive forces of serious storms are particularly acute
for communities which are located on barrier islands.
This section of the land use plan has been prepared to assist the town in preparing management
policies for major storms so that they may be better prepared in the event of a major hurricane.
In 1985, the town adopted a Post -Disaster Recovery and Evacuation Plan which established the
policies and procedures in an effort to reduce the risks associated with future hurricanes. This
post -disaster recovery plan is an update of the 1985 plan. These policies, in combination with
the storm hazard mitigation discussion, are outlined in the following sections.
1. Storm Hazard Mitigation
Hurricanes bring with them forces which cause damage and potential loss of life through high
winds, flooding, wave action, and erosion. Storm hazard mitigation policies and procedures,
properly conceived and implemented, can be critical in the reduction of the dangers and potential
impact on the town and its citizens. Mitigation is not only important to minimizing loss of property
and life, but also for avoiding potential damages in the long run which might result from improper
land planning and land management practices.
a. Hazard Mapping
rThe vulnerability of Indian Beach to the effects of high winds, flooding and storm surge,
wave action and erosion can be summarized best by identifying the land areas within the town
which are naturally most susceptible to these forces. Two documents, the Federal Insurance
IIVA 5

Administration's Flood Hazard Boundary Map and the Indian Beach Land Use Plan, identify
these areas which include flood hazard zones and Areas of Environmental Concern. These
potential hazard areas are delineated on the hazard map and can be more specifically defined
by reviewing the FEMA maps and the Indian Beach storm surge map (see Maps 2 and 5). Table
24 summarizes the hazards which can be expected to be associated with the four general zones
found within the town.
Table 24:
Hurricane Forces Associated with Town Environments
High Wave
Environment Winds Flooding Action Erosion
Ocean Hazard, AEC x x x x
Estuarine Shoreline AEC x x x x
V-Zone Flood x x x x
A -Zone Flood x x
Outside Identified Hazard Areas x
The areas or environments listed above with their associated hazards effect will require
land use policies which control the type and distribution of land uses designed to minimize the
potential damage from future hurricanes. At this time, Indian Beach has implemented provisions
in its local zoning and subdivision ordinances, and the flood damage prevention ordinance, which
are consistent with a policy of minimizing hurricane damage by controlling land use and
assigning restrictive development standards to these high -risks environments.
'
b. Ocean Hazard AEC
The ocean hazard areas consist of ocean erodible areas, high hazard flood areas, inlet
hazard areas, and unvegetated beach areas. Ocean hazard landforms include ocean dunes,
beaches, and shorelines. Ocean dunes include both primary dunes and frontal dunes. Primary
dunes are the first mounds of sand located landward of the ocean beaches having an elevation
equal to the mean flood level (in a storm having a one percent chance of being equaled or
exceeded in any given space) for the areas plus six feet. The primary dune extends landward
to the lowest elevation in the depression behind that same mound of sand. In areas where there
is a primary dune, that dune shall be deemed to be the frontal dune. Where there is no primary
dune, the frontal dune is deemed to be the first mound of sand located landward of the ocean
beach having sufficient vegetation, height, continuity and configuration to offer protective value.
The dunes are essential to the protection of oceanfront areas. The town recognizes the inherent
danger in the oceanfront area and continues to require through its zoning ordinance a minimum
100 foot setback from the oceanside toe of the frontal dune or within 100 feet of the mean high
water mark of the Atlantic Ocean, whichever extends landward farther for all structures except
raised pedestrian walkways and platform overlooks.
C. Estuarine Shoreline AEC
In shoreline areas not contiguous to waters classified as outstanding resource waters by
the Environmental Management Commission, all land 75 feet landward from the mean high water
level or normal water level are considered to be estuarine shorelines. In shoreline areas
contiguous to waters classified as outstanding resource waters by the Environmental
Management Commission, all land 575 feet landward from the mean high water level or normal
IV-16

water level are considered to be estuarine shoreline. However, the entire estuarine shoreline
environment is subject to an extended hazard zone depending on low-lying topography which
is subject to varying degrees of flooding and wave action. The flood prone areas are delineated
on the hazard maps. The town's zoning and subdivision ordinances and flood damage
prevention ordinance are consistent with development standards required for this area by DCM
and the Federal Emergency Management Agency, and in fact require a 100 foot single-family
residence building setback from the shoreline.
d. Non -AEC Areas
All areas within the town are subject to some destructive aspect of hurricane damage
through high winds, flooding, wave action or erosion. If even a limited portion or percentage of
the town were impacted from the effects of a major hurricane, the potential for damages in
dollars can be significant. Implementation of mitigation of hurricane damage through proper land
development policies and conformance with state building codes can be expected to result in a
significant reduction in the extent and cost of loss of property and lives in the town when a major
hurricane strikes.
2. Hurricane Evacuation Planning
Indian Beach has an active civil preparedness program in operation, which includes specific
procedures to be followed during pre -hurricane conditions. The following section outlines these
procedures as stated in the plan.
Condition 3: Hurricane Watch
a. The conditions will be announced over radio and television channels by the
National Weather Service.
b. All individuals should prepare for evacuation.
C. Citizens should notify Town Hall of invalids or other persons requiring evacuation
assistance. These persons will be evacuated immediately to prepared shelters
by ambulance or other vehicles.
Condition 2: Hurricane Warning
a. The evacuation order will be issued over radio and television channels. Police will
cruise town streets and issue evacuation order by loud speaker. The Indian
Beach Civil Preparedness Organization will notify individual residences.
b. Citizens should turn off electricity for selected lines at main junction box, and
water at valve. Freezers should not be disconnected.
C. All citizens and others should prepare to evacuate.
d. Persons who evacuate RVs and trailers should do so immediately. They will not
be permitted to cross the bridges when winds are high, nor will they be permitted
to re-enter Bogue Banks during the crisis.
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Condition 1: Evacuation
a. Evacuation will be announced simultaneously by all Bogue Banks communities 18
to 36 hours before anticipated landfall. Evacuation up to 75 miles or more inland
is recommended. Residents of Indian Beach may evacuate to the east or west
on N.C. 58. The potable water supply will be turned off in the event of
evacuation.
b. Evacuation Shelters: A list of current designated evacuation shelters shall be
posted at all times in the Indian Beach Municipal Building.
3. Post -Disaster Recovery Plan
A post -disaster plan provides a program that will permit a local government to deal with the
aftermaths of a storm in an organized and efficient manner. The plan provides the mechanisms,
procedures, and policies that will enable a local community to learn from its storm experiences
and to rebuild the community in a wise and practical manner.
A post -disaster reconstruction plan encompasses three distinct reconstruction periods:
1. The emergency period is the reconstruction phase immediately after a storm. The
emphasis is on restoring public health and safety, assessing the nature and extent of
storm damage, and qualifying for and obtaining whatever federal and state assistance
might be available.
2. The restoration period covers the weeks and months following a storm disaster. The
emphasis during this period is on restoring community facilities, utilities, essential
businesses, etc., so that the community can once again function in a normal manner.
3. The replacement reconstruction period is the period during which the community is
rebuilt. The period could last from months to years depending on the nature and extent
of the damaged incurred.
It is important that local officials clearly understand the joint federal -state -local procedures for
providing assistance to rebuild after a storm so that local damage assessment and reconstruction
efforts are carried out in an efficient manner that qualifies the community for the different types
of assistance that are available. The requirements are generally delineated in the Disaster Relief
Act of 1974 (P.L. 93-288) which authorizes a wide range of financial and direct assistance to
both local communities and individuals. The sequence of procedures to be followed after a
major storm event is as follows:
Local damage assessment teams survey storm damage within the community and report
this damage to the Town Emergency Services Coordinator.
2. Damage information is compiled and summarized by Indian Beach, and the nature and
extent of damage is reported to the North Carolina Division of Emergency Management.
3. DEM compiles local data and makes recommendations to the Governor concerning state
action.
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a
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The Governor may request a Presidential declaration of "emergency" or "major disaster."
A Presidential declaration makes a variety of federal resources available to local
communities and individuals.
5. Federal Relief assistance provided to a community after an "emergency" has been
declared typically ends one month after the initial Presidential declaration. Where a
"major disaster" has been declared, federal assistance for "emergency" work typically
ends six months after the declaration and federal assistance for "permanent" work ends
after 18 months.
C. ORGANIZATION OF LOCAL DAMAGE ASSESSMENT TEAM
A local damage assessment team should include individuals who are qualified to give reliable
estimates of the original value of structures, an estimated value of sustained damages, and a
description of the repairs and costs that will be needed to rebuild each structure. The total team
may consist of the following:
Administrative
Commissioner of Streets
Commissioner of Rescue
Commissioner of Police
Commissioner of Fire Department
Building Inspector
Police Chief
Police Officers
Fire Chief
Mayor
Disaster Information Coordinator"
Emergency Housing Coordinator`
"To be appointed by the Mayor and Board of Commissioners.
The Mayor of Indian Beach will head the Damage Assessment Team. Other members of the
team may include volunteers such as building contractors and local realtors. Town personnel
and volunteers must be recruited, organized and trained prior to a storm occurrence. There
should also be back-ups or alternates to ensure the availability of adequate resources.
The Mayor and Board of Commissioners should immediately undertake a recruitment effort to
secure the necessary volunteers and to establish a training program to familiarize the members
of the damage assessment team with required damage classification procedures and reporting
requirements. In doing so, it must be recognized that it might be very difficult to fill certain
positions, such as the building contractor position, because the services of individuals with such
skills will likely be in a great demand after a storm disaster.
I IV-19

D. DAMAGE ASSESSMENT PROCEDURES AND REQUIREMENTS
Damage assessment is defined as rapid means of determining a realistic estimate of the amount
of damage caused by a natural or man-made disaster. For a storm disaster, it is expressed in
terms of 1) number of structures damaged; 2) magnitude of damage by structure type; 3)
estimated total dollar loss; and 4) estimated total dollar loss covered by insurance.
After a major storm event, members of the Damage Assessment Team should report to the
Emergency Operations Center for a briefing prior to deployment. There are about 1,540 dwelling
units in the town. The extent of damage will depend on the magnitude of the storm and where
landfall occurs along the Atlantic coast. Because of the potentially large job at hand, the limited
personnel resources available to conduct the assessments, and the limited time within which the
initial assessment must be made, the first phase of the assessment should consist of only an
external visual survey of damaged structures. A more detailed second phase assessment can
be made after the initial damage reports are filed.
The initial damage assessment should make an estimate of the extent of damage incurred by
each structure and identify the cause (wind, flooding, wave action, combination, etc.) of the
damage to each structure.
Damaged structures should be classified in accordance with the suggested state guidelines as
follows:
1. Destroyed (repairs would cost more than 80 percent of value).
2. Major (repairs would cost more than 30 percent of the value).
3. Minor (repairs would cost less than 30 percent of the value, but the structure is
currently uninhabitable).
4. Habitable (some minor damage, with repairs less than 15 percent of the value).
It should be noted that CAMA regulations consider a structure to be destroyed if damaged more
than 50% of its value, and a CAMA permit will be required for reconstruction of such structures.
It will be necessary to thoroughly document each assessment. In many cases, mail boxes and
other information typically used to identify specific structures will not be found. Consequently,
the Damage Assessment Team must be provided with tax maps, other maps, and photographic
equipment in order to record and document its field observations. Enough information to
complete the Damage Assessment Worksheet must be obtained on each damaged structure.
The second phase of the Damage Assessment Operation will be to estimate the value of the
damages sustained. This operation should be carried out in the Emergency Operations Center
under the direction and supervision of the Building Inspector. Specific administrative employees
in Town Hall should be assigned to assist in carrying out this task.
In order to estimate total damage values, it will be necessary to have the following information
available for use at the Emergency Operations Center:
IV-20

1. A set of property tax maps identical to those utilized by the damage assessment
field team.
2. Copies of all town property tax records. This information should indicate the
estimated value of all commercial and residential structures within the town.
Because time will be of the essence, it is recommended that the town immediately
commence a project listing the property values of existing structures in Indian
Beach on the appropriate lots of the property tax maps that will be kept at the
Emergency Operations Center. While somewhat of a tedious job, it should be
manageable if it is initiated now and completed over a 2 to 3 month period. The
information will prove invaluable if a storm disaster does occur. This set of tax
maps should be updated annually prior to the hurricane season.
The town should update property tax information annually before the hurricane season. This
information should then be kept available in the Emergency Operations Center for estimating the
value of sustained damages covered by hazard insurance.
In order to produce the damage value information required, the following methodology is
recommended:
1. The number of businesses and residential structures that have been damaged
' within the town should be summarized by damage classification category.
2. The value of each damaged structure should be obtained from the marked set of
town tax maps and multiplied by the following percentages for appropriate
damage classification category:
° Destroyed - over 80%
° Major Damage - over 30%
° Minor Damage (uninhabitable) - 30% or less
° Habitable - 15%
3. The total value of damages for the town should then be summarized and
reported, as required, to the Town Emergency Operations Center.
4. The estimated value loss covered by hazard insurance should then be determined
by: 1) estimating full coverage for all damaged structures for situations where the
average value of such coverage exceeds the amount of damage to the structure;
and 2) multiplying the number of structures where damage exceeds the average
value of insurance coverage by the average value of such coverage.
The Damage Assessment Plan is intended to be the mechanism for estimating overall property
damage in the event of a civil disaster. The procedure recommended above represents an
approach for making a relatively quick, realistic 'order of magnitude" damage estimate after a
disaster.
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E. ORGANIZATION OF RECOVERY OPERATION
Damage assessment operations are oriented to take place during the emergency period. After
the emergency operations to restore public health and safety and the initial damage assessments
are completed, the state guidelines suggest that a Recovery Task Force to guide restoration and
reconstruction activities be created. In Indian Beach, the Mayor and Board of Commissioners
will assume the responsibilities of such Task Force. The Mayor and Board of Commissioners
will direct day-to-day operations. The following must be accomplished:
1. Establishing re-entry procedures.
2. Establishing an overall restoration schedule.
3. Setting restoration priorities.
4. Determining requirements for outside assistance and requesting such assistance
when beyond local capabilities.
5. Keeping the appropriate town and state officials informed using Situation and
Damage Report.
6. Keeping the public informed.
7. Assembling and maintaining records of actions taken and expenditures and
obligations incurred.
8. Proclaiming a local "state of emergency" if warranted.
9. Commencing cleanup, debris removal and utility restoration activities which would
include coordination of restoration activities undertaken by private utility
companies.
10. Undertaking repair and restoration of essential public facilities and services in
accordance with priorities developed through the situation evaluations.
11. Assisting private businesses and individual property owners in obtaining
information on the various types of assistance that might be available to them
from federal and state agencies.
In Before the Storm, a sequence and schedule for undertaking local reconstruction and
restoration activities is .presented. The schedule was deliberately left vague because specific
reconstruction needs will not be known until after a storm hits and the magnitude of the damage
can be assessed. The following sequence of activities and schedule is submitted as a guide
which should be considered by the Mayor, Board of Commissioners, and Damage Assessment
Team, and revised as necessary after the damage assessment activities are completed.
Activity
1) Complete initial damage assessment.
2) Complete second phase damage
assessment.
Time Frame
Immediately after storm passes.
Completed by second week after the
storm.
IV-22

u
1
11
�7j
1
3) Prepare summary of master reconstruction Completed one week after second
schedule.
phase damage assessment is
completed.
4)
Decision with regard to imposition of
One week after second phase
temporary development moratorium.
damage assessment is completed.
5)
Set reconstruction priorities and prepare
Completed one week after summary
master reconstruction schedule.
of reconstruction needs is
completed.
6)
Begin repairs to critical utilities and
As soon as possible after disaster.
facilities.
7)
Permitting of reconstruction activities for all
One week after second phase
structures receiving minor damages not
damage assessment is completed.
included in development moratorium areas.
8)
Permitting of reconstruction activities for all
Two weeks after second phase
structures receiving major damages not
damage assessment is completed.
included in development moratorium areas.
9)
Initiate assessment of existing mitigation
Two weeks after second phase
policies.
damage assessment is completed.
10)
Complete reevaluation of hazard areas and
The length of the period for
mitigation policies in areas subjected to
conducting reevaluations and
development moratorium.
receiving input from the state should
not exceed two months.
11)
Review mitigation policies and development
Two months after temporary
standards for areas subjected to
development moratorium is imposed.
development moratorium and lift
(Subject to change based on
development moratorium.
circumstances encountered.)
12)
Permit new development.
Upon suspension of any temporary
development moratorium.
The following provides an assignment of responsibilities:
Personal Iniudes and Public Health. The Commissioner of Rescue will insure that the
Rescue Squad is manned and organized to coordinate effectively the activities of
supplemental ambulance squads and medical evacuation helicopters in transporting
casualties and sick persons to hospitals within or outside of Carteret County.
2. Post -Evacuation Re-entry and Security of Public and Private Properties. The
Commissioner of Police will coordinate the actions of Indian Beach law enforcement
forces with citizen volunteers and with externally fumished resources to provide crime
control. Unauthorized persons will be prevented from entering the town by manned
blockades of its land and water approaches.
3. Fire and Explosion Control. The Commissioner of Fire Department will coordinate the
Iactivities of the local fire fighting forces with externally provided resources to insure the
IV-23

control of fires and prevention of potential explosions. Hazardous conditions caused by
a hurricane or other disaster will be closely monitored and actions coordinated with
Utilities Liaison/Coordinator to be appointed by the Mayor and Board of Commissioners.
4. Federal and State Disaster Relief. The Director of Civil Preparedness, with the Building
Inspector, will conduct and submit the preliminary damage assessment report and other
reports required by the Indian Beach Emergency Management Office, the North Carolina
Office of Coastal Management, and the Federal Emergency Management Agency to
enable the Town of Indian Beach and its property owners to obtain financial relief.
5. Public Utilities. The Utilities Liaison/Coordinator, appointed by the Mayor and Board of
Commissioners prior to the onset of the hurricane, will establish liaison with the public
utilities companies (electric, telephone, and water) to provide two-way information
between the utility companies and the Indian Beach Emergency Operations Center to
ensure the expeditious restoration of service in accordance with mutually agreed -upon
priorities.
6. Highway and Street Accessibility. The Commissioner of Streets and Public Buildings will
conduct damage surveys of public buildings and streets, establish priorities, arrange for
contract labor, and coordinate the removal of debris and unsafe conditions from the
town's streets and highways.
7. Emergency and Transient Housing. The Director of Civil Preparedness will report on the
availability of housing suitable for emergency use. The Emergency Housing Coordinator
(EHC), to be designated by the Mayor and Board of Commissioners, will establish
priorities and assign quarters for Indian Beach' residents displaced by the disaster. The
Mayor and Board of Commissioners will also find temporary shelter for the National
Guard, the Red Cross and other disaster relief services, other authorized state and
federal personnel, and authorized public information media personnel who may be on
duty in town for extended periods.
8. Reconstruction Control. The Building Inspector will issue building permits in accordance
with federal, state and local governmental procedures and in accordance with priorities
established by the Board of Commissioners for the reconstruction of municipal facilities,
public housing, condominiums, commercial establishments and residences.
9. Disaster Information Center. The Mayor and Board of Commissioners will designate a
Disaster Information Coordinator (DIC), who will establish the information center which
will be the focal point for the gathering and dissemination of information. All town officials
will submit periodic situation and progress reports to the center regarding developments
in their areas of responsibility and they will be provided with information from others as
it affects their operations. The Mayor and Board of Commissioners will establish policies
for the release of information to the residents of the town and to the public information
media.
10. Communications. This annex will be prepared when more information is available
concerning communications personnel and equipment that may be provided by the Civil
Air Patrol and nearby military establishments. It is anticipated that a within -town citizens
band network connecting the highway check points, waterfront observation points, and
the police may be organized using portable, battery -operated walkie talkies.
IV-24

11. Volunteer Manninq Requirements. The Town Clerk will organize the assignment of
volunteers to perform the tasks identified in this plan.
12. Volunteer Civic Duty. Upon re-entry to Indian Beach, all citizens are urged to go to the
Town Hall to report on the safety of their family and to volunteer to help the town recover
from the disaster. There will be a need for more than 100 volunteers with all types of
skills from clerical to labor. The safety report is needed for reply to queries from relatives
and others outside the area.
F. RECOMMENDED RECONSTRUCTION POLICIES
All the following policies have been designed to be 1) considered and adopted by the Mayor and
Commissioners of Indian Beach prior to a storm, and 2) implemented, as appropriate, after a
storm occurs:
1. Bridge Re-entry Permits (Available at Town Hall)
a. Re-entry permits will be required to pass through roadblocks at either bridge to
Bogue Banks. These permits must be applied for at the Town Hall prior to
evacuation. Town officials, police, fire, rescue, and civil preparedness
organization personnel will be issued special permits for early re-entry to inspect
the town for safe public re-entry. Indian Beach residents and others who are
authorized to return after the island has officially been declared safe for re-entry
may apply for permits at Town Hall. Others must remain on the mainland until
conditions are stabilized and normal traffic can be resumed. Indian Beach
permits are on blue cards (each town has a different color). They are numbered
serially and dated for control. During re-entry, permits are to be placed on the
dash in full view at all times. At check points on N.C. 58 at each end of Indian
Beach, the permit will be marked to restrict persons to the areas they are
authorized to enter. The Indian Beach police will check cards to intercept
intruders.
b. Indian Beach residents will be issued re-entry permits on the basis of one per
family. Two permits may be issued in exceptional cases. Applicants must show
proof of residency. These permits must be validated at the town hall each year.
No validation will be done or passes issued after condition one (evacuation) has
been declared. Prior to the evacuation, arrangement for special passes for
business people to pass through Indian Beach once condition one (evacuation)
has been declared shall be obtained through the Indian Beach Police Department.
C. Short-term renters (vacationers) will not be issued permits. Personal property tax
records will be checked for proof of residency upon application.
d. Re-entry permits will only be issued upon personal application at Town Hall during
normal duty hours.
e. Non-resident owners of improved properties (not vacant lots) may be issued
permits on the basis of one per owner. They may apply in writing showing the
address of the property for a tax record check, and must enclose a self-addressed
IV-25

2.
3.
envelope, 6" x 9" or larger, bearing sufficient postage, or they may apply at the
Town Hall in person.
Owners and managers of motels and other businesses may apply for re-entry
permits for themselves and employees who are required before normal traffic is
resumed. The manager, or his representative, must submit a written application
listing the number of re-entry permits required and the position of each person
who will receive one. These permits must be retained under the control of the
manager for issue before the storm strikes.
Permitting
a. Building permits to restore structures located outside of designated AEC areas
that were previously built in conformance with local codes, standards, and the
provisions of the North Carolina Building Code shall be issued automatically.
b. All structures suffering major damages as defined in the Town's Damage
Assessment Plan shall be repaired or rebuilt to conform with the provisions of the
CAMA regulations (including setbacks), North Carolina Building Code, the Indian
Beach Zoning Ordinance, and the Indian Beach Floodplain Management
Regulations.
C. All conforming structures suffering minor damage as defined in the Indian Beach
Damage Assessment Plan shall be permitted to be rebuilt to their original state
before the storm condition.
d. For all structures in designated AECs, a determination shall be made for each
AEC as to whether the provisions of the CAMA regulations (including setbacks),
N. C. Building Code, the state regulations for Areas of Environmental Concern,
the Indian Beach Floodplain Management Regulations appeared adequate in
minimizing storm damages. For areas where the construction and use
requirements appear adequate, permits shall be issued in accordance with
permitting policies a, b and c. For AECs where the construction and use
requirements do not appear to have been adequate in mitigating damages, a
Temporary Development Moratorium for all structures located within that specific
AEC shall be imposed by the Indian Beach Board of Commissioners.
e. Permits shall not be issued in areas subject to a temporary development
moratorium until such a moratorium is lifted by the Indian Beach Board of
Commissioners.
Utility and Facility Reconstruction
a. The town will encourage the Carolina Water Service to repair all damaged water
systems components so as to be elevated above the 100-year floodplain or shall
be floodproofed, with the methods employed and the construction being certified
by a registered professional engineer.
b. Overhead power lines and utility poles along Highway 58 present the greatest
obstacle to the safe evacuation of residents in the event of a major storm disaster.
IV-26

Relocating these lines underground or moving them away from rights -of -way
would be very costly at this time. However, if major damage occurs as a result
of a storm, the cost effectiveness would improve and public safety considerations
might override economic considerations. Indian Beach encourages the relocation
of overhead power lines underground or away from evacuation routes if
substantial damage to the existing system is sustained during a major storm.
C. The potable water supply will be turned off in the event of evacuation.
4. Temporary Development Moratorium
Under certain circumstances, interim development moratoriums can be used in order to give a
local government time to assess damages, to make sound decisions and to learn from its storm
experiences. Such a moratorium must be temporary and it must be reasonably related to the
public health, safety and welfare.
Indian Beach will suffer heavy and serious damages should a major storm make its landfall in
its vicinity. Consequently, the town should be prepared to issue temporary development
moratoriums as appropriate.
It is not possible to determine prior to a storm whether a temporary development moratorium will
be needed. Such a measure should only be used if damage in a particular area is very serious
and if redevelopment of the area in the same manner as previously existed would submit the
residents of the area to similar public health and safety problems. In Indian Beach, such a
situation is most likely to occur in one or more of the AECs.
The Indian Beach policy regarding the proclamation of temporary development moratoriums shall
be:
a. To determine for each AEC whether the provisions of N. C. Building Code, the
state guidelines for AECs, and the Indian Beach Flood Damage Prevention
Ordinance appeared adequate in minimizing storm damages. For AECs where
the construction and use requirements do not appear adequate, a temporary
development moratorium for all structures located within that specific AEC shall
be imposed.
b. After imposing a temporary development moratorium for an AEC, the Town of
Indian Beach shall request that the Coastal Resources Commission conduct a
special analysis for the town and all other similar communities in order to
determine how local regulations for those hazard areas, which are based on state
and/or federal guidelines or requirements, should be improved or modified. A
response from the state within a reasonable time period as determined through
negotiations should be requested.
C. The temporary building moratorium in all AECs shall be lifted after local
ordinances and regulations have been revised based on state recommendations
or decisions of the Mayor and Board of Commissioners. Reconstruction shall be
permitted in accordance with existing regulations and requirements.
IV-27

SECTION V: RELATIONSHIP OF POLICIES AND LAND CLASSIFICATIONS
As required by the 15A NCAC 7B planning guidelines, the Indian Beach land use plan must
describe the linkage between the policies section and the Indian Beach land classification map.
The land uses which are appropriate in each land classification must be defined. The Indian
Beach zoning ordinance is consistent with the land classification map and supports the
distribution of land uses shown on that map.
IDEVELOPED CLASS
Except for conservation areas, all areas of the town are classified as developed. These areas
will require basic urban services. The developed class is specifically designated to
accommodate intense development and land uses, including single and multi -family residential,
commercial, industrial, parks and open space, transportation, and community facilities.
Population densities will be high. The developed classification includes the following zoning
districts: General Business, Civic and Municipal, General Residential, Single -Family Residential,
Residential Resort, and Planned Development.
CONSERVATION CLASS
The conservation class is designated to provide for effective long-term management of significant
limited or irreplaceable areas which include Areas of Environmental Concern. Development in
the estuarine system should be restricted to uses which satisfy 15A NCAC 7H use standards.
Within maritime forest areas, minimum design standards stipulated by the Planned Development
(PD) zoning district apply which exceed 15A NCAC 7H. With this exception, and policies
opposing industrial development, aquaculture, septic tanks, package treatment plants, and the
location of floating structures within the Indian Beach planning jurisdiction, the conservation class
policies and standards included in this plan are not more restrictive than the 15A NCAC 7H use
standards.
' SUMMARY
The Town of Indian Beach enforces both zoning and subdivision ordinances. The zoning
ordinance is consistent with this land use plan and includes six separate zoning categories. The
developed class is appropriate for the following zoning categories: General Business, Civic and
Municipal, General Residential, Single -Family Residential, Residential Resort, and Planned
' Development.

m = m r m = m m = m m m m m m m m = m

APPENDIX I
TOWN OF INDIAN BEACH LAND USE PLAN
POLICIES CONSIDERED BUT NOT ADOPTED
B. RESOURCE PROTECTION POLICY STATEMENTS
Soils
-- Indian Beach will insist that the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers provide stringent
regulation/enforcement of the 404 wetlands permit process in Indian Beach, and will
cooperate with them in the regulation/enforcement process. Development must be
consistent with Chapter 21, Section 7.10 c.(a) of the Town Code.
Indian Beach will maintain low -density residential development (3 dwelling units/acre or
less in single-family residential areas, and 8 dwelling units or less per acre in multi -family
residential areas) in order to decrease soil contamination and groundwater pollution from
septic tanks.
Groundwater/Protection of Potable Water Supplies
Indian Beach will encourage and support water conservation efforts. Motels and rental
units will be encouraged to post notices encouraging water conservation by tourists.
Public and private water conservation efforts will be encouraged.
IC. MISCELLANEOUS RESOURCE PROTECTION
11
Package Treatment Plant Use
— Indian Beach will allow the use of package systems where deemed necessary to protect
the environment, after meeting all county and state standards and requirements. All
requests for approval of a private package treatment facility will be required to meet all
applicable local, state, and federal health requirements.
Marinas. Docks, Piers and Floating Home Development
Indian Beach opposes the location of floating structures and vessels for permanent
occupancy in all public trust areas and estuarine waters. The town will develop and
adopt an ordinance designed to enforce this policy.
Mooring Fields
-- Indian Beach is concerned with the potential for the development of mooring fields. The
town opposes the development of mooring fields and will pursue the development of an
ordinance to regulate the establishment of mooring fields.

Maritime Forests 1
-- The maritime forest is an important natural resource to the town. It is town policy to
protect as much of this resource as possible while allowing for a moderate amount of
development which would not be destructive to the uniqueness of this resource. The
town will encourage future developers to use planned unit development in and around
the maritime forest areas.
Water Quality Management
-- The Indian Beach Planning Department will undertake a review of all local land use
regulation ordinances to determine if revisions should be undertaken to respond to
specific water quality management problems.
D. RESOURCE PRODUCTION AND MANAGEMENT POLICIES
Recreation Resources
-- Indian Beach considers existing public and private shoreline access facilities adequate
to serve the needs of its residents and visitors.
Aquaculture Activities
-- Aquaculture is considered the cultivation of aquatic plants and animals under controlled '
conditions. Indian Beach objects to any discharge of water from aquaculture activities
that will degrade in any way the receiving waters. The town objects to withdrawing water
from aquifers or surface sources if such withdrawal will endanger water quality or water
supply from the aquifers or surface sources.
-- Indian Beach encourages all aquaculture activities which meet applicable federal, state, '
and local policies and permit requirements. However, the town reserves the right to
comment on all aquaculture activities which require Division of Environmental
Management permitting.
-- Indian Beach will support only aquaculture activities which do not alter significantly and ,
negatively the natural environment of coastal wetlands, estuarine waters, public trust
areas, and freshwater wetlands. '
Residential, Commercial, and Industrial Development Impacts on Resources
-- The town realizes the importance of coastal wetlands to the life cycle of plants and
animals. The town supports state policies for coastal wetlands as stated in federal and
state legislation and as embodied in the regulations for coastal wetland areas of
environmental concern. The town will consider enactment of local measures designed
to complement the state's actions while preserving these areas from future development
which may irreparably damage this resource.
1

ail
IE. ECONOMIC AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT POLICY STATEMENTS
Energy Facility Siting and Development
— The Town of Indian Beach opposes any offshore exploration for or production of oil or
natural gas.
Redevelopment of Developed Areas
— Indian Beach will allow the reconstruction of any structures demolished by natural
disaster or by other causes in accordance with all applicable federal, state, and local
regulations.
— Indian Beach supports adoption of stricter standards for the construction of mobile homes
which are to be located in the coastal zone.
— Indian Beach supports adoption of stricter standards for the construction of mobile homes
which are to be located in the coastal zone. Such standards should increase wind
resistance capabilities to a level consistent with that which is required for conventional
site -built housing.
Community Facilities
-- Indian Beach will develop a detailed plan for community facilities improvements.
Transportation
' — The Town of Indian Beach does not support construction of a third bridge between the
mainland and Bogue Banks.
-- Indian Beach supports the widening of U.S. 58 to provide four lanes.
G. POST -DISASTER RECONSTRUCTION PLAN AND POLICIES
The purpose of a storm hazard mitigation plan is to assist a town or county in managing
development in potentially hazardous areas through establishing storm hazard mitigation policies
and to reduce the risks associated with severe storms and hurricanes by developing post -
disaster reconstruction/recovery policies. The following provides the Indian Beach Storm Hazard
Mitigation, Post -Disaster Recovery, and Evacuation Plan.
STORM HAZARD MITIGATION POLICIES
' Hazard mitigation, or actions taken to reduce the probability or impact of a disaster could involve
a number of activities or policy decisions. The starting point, however, is to identify the types
of hazards (including the relative severity and magnitude of risks), and the extent of development
(including residential, commercial, etc.) located in storm hazard areas.
Of the many storm -related hazards associated with coastal communities, Indian Beach is
' realistically subjected to four: 1) high winds associated with hurricanes and tornadoes, 2) heavy
rains that cause flooding in low-lying areas; 3) storm surge, and 4) erosion. The two that apply
to Indian Beach are high winds and flooding.
it
U

a. High Winds
High winds are the major determinants of a hurricane, by definition, i.e., a tropical disturbance
with sustained winds of at least 73 miles per hour. Extreme hurricanes can have winds of up
to 165 miles per hour, with gusts up to 200 miles per hour.
These winds circulate around the center or "eye" of the storm. Although the friction or impact
of the winds hitting land from the water causes some dissipation of the full force, there is Still
a tremendous amount of energy left to cause damage to buildings, overturn mobile homes, down
trees and power lines, and destroy crops. Also, tornadoes are often spawned by hurricane wind
patterns. Wind stress, therefore, is an important consideration in storm hazard mitigation
planning.
Indian Beach is directly vulnerable to high winds and has been subject to extreme hurricane
winds in the past.
b. Flooding
The excessive amounts of rainfall and the "storm surge" which often accompany hurricanes can
cause massive coastal and riverine flooding causing excessive property damage and deaths by
drowning. (More deaths are caused by drowning than any other cause in hurricanes.) Flooding
can cause extensive damage in inland areas, since many areas of Carteret County have low
elevations. Approximately 40% of Carteret County's total area is subject to storm related flood
damage.
Consideration of potential flood damage is important to the town's efforts to develop storm
mitigation policies. Indian Beach has the obvious threat of flooding across most of its
incorporated area.
C. Policy Statements: Storm Hazard Mitigation
In order to minimize the damage potentially caused by the effects of a hurricane or other major
storm, Indian Beach proposes the following policies:
High Winds
Indian Beach supports enforcement of the N.C. State Building Code. The town will
continue to enforce the State Building Code on wind resistant construction with design
standards of 110 mph wind loads.
Flooding
Indian Beach is an active participant in the National Flood Insurance program and is
supportive of hazard mitigation elements. The town is participating in the regular phase
of the insurance program. This program is administered locally by the Carteret County
Central Permit Department. Indian Beach also supports continued enforcement of the
CAMA and 404 Wetlands development permit processes in areas potentially susceptible
to flooding. When reviewing development proposals, the town will work to reduce density
in areas susceptible to flooding. In addition, the town will encourage the public purchase
of land in the most hazardous areas.

IMitigation Policies Related to Redevelopment of Hazard Areas After a Storm
Reconstruction of damaged properties in Indian Beach after a storm will be subject to the
following:
" The North Carolina Building Code requires any building damaged
in excess of 50 percent of its value to conform with code
requirements for new buildings when repaired. (This will be
particularly beneficial in the event of wind damage.)
" The Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance requires that all
existing structures must comply with requirements related to
elevation above the 100-year floodplain elevation and floodproofing
if they are substantially improved. A substantial improvement is
defined as "any repair, reconstruction, or improvement of a
building, the cost of which equals or exceeds 50 percent of the
market value of the building either before the improvement or
repair is started, or before damage occurred if the building has
' been damaged."
Evacuation Plans
The town will coordinate evacuation planning with all county agencies and municipalities.
Indian Beach will encourage motels, condominiums, and multi -family developments (five
or more dwelling units) to post evacuation instructions that identify routes and the
locations of available public shelters. The county will update an evacuation route map
annually. Copies will be kept at the County Administration Building in Beaufort for free
distribution to the public.
Implementation: Storm Hazard Mitigation
' (a) Indian Beach will continue to enforce the standards of the State Building Code.
(b) The town will continue to support enforcement of State and Federal programs
which aid in mitigation of hurricane hazards, including CAMA and the U.S. Army
Corps of Engineers 404 permit process, FEMA, as well as local ordinances such
as zoning and flood damage prevention regulations.
(c) The town will discourage high density development in high hazard areas through
implementation of the town's Zoning, Subdivision, and Mobile Home Park
Ordinances.
(d) Indian Beach supports the public acquisition of high hazard areas with state and
federal funds when voluntary acquisition can be accomplished. The town
' discourages condemnation of land for this purpose.
(e) Developed structures which were destroyed or sustained "major damage" and
which did not conform to the town's building regulations, zoning ordinances, and
other storm hazard mitigation policies, i.e., basic measures to reduce damage by
high winds, flooding, wave action or erosion, must be repaired or redeveloped
' according to those policies. In some instances, this may mean relocation of
construction, or no reconstruction at all. Building permits to restore destroyed or
"major" damaged structures which were built in conformance with the town's
' building code and county storm hazard mitigation policies shall be issued

automatically. All structures suffering major damage will be repaired according
to the State Building Code and town Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance. All
structures suffering minor damage, regardless of location, will be allowed to be
rebuilt to the original condition prior to the storm.
POST -DISASTER RECONSTRUCTION PLAN AND POLICIES
a. Introduction
A post -disaster plan provides a program that will permit a local government to deal with the
aftermaths of a storm in an organized and efficient manner. The plan provides the mechanisms,
procedures, and policies that will enable a local community to learn from its storm experiences
,
and to rebuild the community in a wise and practical manner.
A post -disaster reconstruction plan encompasses three distinct reconstruction periods:
The emergency period is the reconstruction phase immediately after a storm. The
emphasis is on restoring public health and safety, assessing the nature and extent
'
of storm damage, and qualifying for and obtaining whatever federal and state
assistance might be available.
The restoration period covers the weeks and months following a storm disaster.
The emphasis during this period is on restoring community facilities, utilities,
essential businesses, etc., so that the community can once again function in a
normal manner.
The replacement reconstruction period is the period during which the community
is rebuilt. The period could last from months to years depending on the nature
and extent of the damaged incurred.
It is important that local officials clearly understand the joint federal -state -local procedures for '
providing assistance to rebuild after a storm so that local damage assessment and reconstruction
efforts are carried out in an efficient manner that qualifies the community for the different types
of assistance that are available. The requirements are generally delineated in the Disaster Relief
Act of 1974 (P.L. 93-288) which authorizes a wide range of financial and direct assistance to
both local communities and individuals. The sequence of procedures to be followed after a
major storm event is as follows:
1. Local damage assessment teams survey storm damage within the community.
2. Damage information is compiled and summarized and the nature and extent of
damage is reported to the North Carolina Division of Environmental Management
(DEM). '
3. DEM compiles local data and makes recommendations to the Governor
concerning state action.
4. The Governor may request a Presidential declaration of "emergency" or "major
disaster." A Presidential declaration makes a variety of federal resources available ,
to local communities and individuals.

L
5. Federal Relief assistance provided to a community after an "emergency" has been
declared typically ends one month after the initial Presidential declaration. Where
a "major disaster" has been declared, federal assistance for "emergency" work
typically ends six months after the declaration and federal assistance for
"permanent" work ends after 18 months.
Federal disaster assistance programs previously provided aid for communities to rebuild in the
same way as existed before the disaster occurred. This policy tended to foster recurring
mistakes. However, recent federal policy has started to change the emphasis of disaster
assistance programs. Specifically,
-- Executive Order 1198 (Floodplain Management) directs all federal agencies to
avoid either directly or indirectly supporting future unwise development in
floodplains (e.g., through sewer grants in locations that foster floodplain
development.)
— Section 406 of the Disaster Relief Act can require communities, as a prerequisite
for federal disaster assistance, to take specific actions to mitigate future flood
losses.
The town has been provided a comprehensive listing of the Federal Disaster Assistance
Programs that may be available following a major storm. The programs identified fall into the
categories of Temporary Housing, Individual Assistance, and Assistance to Local and State
Governments. The listing is comprehensive and therefore all the programs listed may not be
applicable to Indian Beach.
The remainder of this chapter presents recommended recovery procedures in the general
sequence of response by the town. While damage assessment (Sections B and C) will be the
first operations conducted by the town after a disaster, it should be realized that the
recommended recovery operations (Section D) will begin simultaneously. The remainder of this
chapter is, therefore, organized as follows:
1. Procedures that Indian Beach should follow to carry out its damage assessment
program to meet all federal and state requirements including organization of the
damage assessment team and recommended damage assessment procedures.
2. An overall organizational framework for restoration operations afterthe emergency
period.
3. Replacement/reconstruction policies that the town should adopt to insure that
future development that does occur in local hazard areas is constructed in a
manner consistent with sound land use planning, public safety considerations, and
existing and evolving federal and state policy.
b. Organization of Local Damage Assessment Team
A local damage assessment team should include individuals who are qualified to give reliable
estimates of the original value of structures, an estimated value of sustained damages, and a
description of the repairs. Additionally, the logistics involved in assessing damage in
unincorporated sections of the town after a major storm will necessitate the organization of

several damage assessment teams in Indian Beach. The following are recommended team '
members.
Public Property Survey Team ,
Town Department Head(s)
Professional Engineer
,
Architect *
Sheriffs Deputy (driver)
,
Business and Industry Survey Team
Tax Assessor
Building Inspector
Industrial/Commercial Real Estate Broker * Chamber of Commerce
Representative * Architect
Sheriffs Deputy (driver)
Private Dwelling Survey Team
'
Two teams, depending upon capacities and plans of Cape Carteret and Newport:
'
Tax Assessor
Building Inspector
Residential Real Estate Broker *
,
Building Contractor *
Sheriffs Deputy (driver)
*Community volunteers
The Emergency Management Coordinator should immediately undertake a recruitment effort to
'
secure the necessary volunteers and to establish a training program to familiarize the members
of the damage assessment team with required damage classification procedures and reporting
requirements. It is suggested that the town assume the responsibility for developing and
implementing a training program for both town damage assessment teams and the local damage
assessment teams that the towns establish. In establishing the town teams, it must be
recognized that it might be very difficult to fill certain positions, such as the building contractor
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position, because the services of individuals with such skills will likely be in great demand after
a storm disaster. A commitment from the Home Builders Association may be a way of
guaranteeing needed assistance. Additionally, the Emergency Management Coordinator should
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establish an active "volunteer file;" volunteers should have standing instructions where to
automatically report following a storm. Damage assessment forms and procedures should be
prepared now and distributed to volunteers as part of the training program.
C. Damage Assessment Procedures and Requirements
Damage assessment is defined as rapid means of determining a realistic estimate of the amount
of damage caused by a natural or manmade disaster. For a storm disaster, it is expressed in
terms of 1) number of structures damaged; 2) magnitude of damage by structure type; 3)
estimated total dollar loss; and 4) estimated total dollar loss covered by insurance.
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' After a major storm event, members of the Damage Assessment Team should report to the
Emergency Operations Centerfor a briefing from the Emergency Management Coordinator. One
way to effectively deploy teams to areas where damage seems to be concentrated would be to
have prearranged commitment from the Marine Corps to provide for a helicopter in
reconnaissance of storm damage within the town for the Emergency Management Coordinator
' in order to establish field reconnaissance priorities. The Civil Air Patrol may also appropriately
provide assistance during the damage assessment phase.
The extent of damage will depend on the magnitude of the storm and where landfall occurs
along the Atlantic coast. Because of the potentially large job at hand, the limited personnel
resources available to conduct the assessments, and the limited time within which the initial
assessment must be made, the first phase of the assessment should consist of only an external
' visual survey of damaged structures. A more detailed second phase assessment can be made
after the initial damage reports are filed.
The initial damage assessment should make an estimate of the extent of damage incurred by
each structure and identify the cause (wind, flooding, wave action, combination, etc.) of the
damage to each structure. This first phase assessment should be made by "windshield" survey.
Damaged structures should be classified in accordance with the suggested state guidelines as
follows:
' — Destroyed (repairs would cost more than 80 percent of value).
— Major (repairs would cost more than 30 percent of the value).
-- Minor (repairs would cost less than 30 percent of the value, but the structure is
currently uninhabitable).
Habitable (some minor damage, with repairs less than 15 percent of the value).
' It will be necessary to thoroughly document each assessment. In many cases, mail boxes and
other information typically used to identify specific structures will not be found. Consequently,
the Damage Assessment Team must be provided with tax maps (aerial photographs with
property line overlays), other maps and photographic equipment in order to record and document
its field observations. Enough information to complete the Damage Assessment Worksheet must
be obtained on each damaged structure.
The second phase of the Damage Assessment Operation will be to estimate the value of the
damages sustained. This operation should be carried out in the Emergency Operations Center
' under the direction and supervision of the Emergency Management Coordinator. A special team
consisting of town tax clerks, tax assessment personnel, and other qualified staff should be
organized by the Emergency Management Coordinator. This team should then be incorporated
' into this Damage Assessment Plan.
In order to estimate total damage values, it will be necessary to have the following information
available for use at the Emergency Operations Center:
— A set of property tax maps (including aerial photographs) identical to those utilized
' by the damage assessment field team.
-- Town maps delineating areas assigned to each team.

— Copies of all town property tax records. This information should indicate the '
estimated value of all commercial and residential structures within the town.
Because time will be of the essence, it is recommended that the town immediately '
commence a project listing the property values of existing structures in
unincorporated areas of the town on the appropriate lots of the property tax maps
that will be kept at the Emergency Operations Center. While somewhat of a '
tedious job, it should be manageable if it is initiated now and completed over a
2 to 3 month period. The information will prove invaluable if a storm disaster
does occur. This set of tax maps should be updated annually prior to the
hurricane season.
An alternative method that would be less accurate but perhaps more practical due to the time
constraints would be to utilize median housing values from the 1990 census or derived from the ,
town's tax digest. A simple chart could be devised for use in the field that presents median
values for houses and mobile homes by township. This chart could include the multiplying
factors to avoid the need for actual math calculations in the field. Because there are significantly ,
less commercial and industrial structures than homes, this portion of the assessment could still
be made utilizing the first method above.
The flood insurance policy coverage for property owners in flood hazard areas should be
updated before each hurricane season. This can be accomplished in concert with the local
mortgage institutions. Annual updates should be disseminated to each town and kept available
in the Emergency Operations Center for estimating the value of sustained damages covered by
hazard insurance.
In order to produce the damage value information required, the following methodology is
recommended:
1. The number of businesses and residential structures that have been damaged within
unincorporated areas of the town should be summarized by damage classification
category.
2. The value of each damaged structure should be obtained from the marked set of tax
maps and multiplied by the following percentages for appropriate damage classification '
category:
— Destroyed-100%
— Major Damage-50% '
-- Minor Damage (uninhabitable)-25%
-- Habitable-10%
3. The total value of damages for the unincorporated areas of the town should then be
summarized.
4. The estimated value loss covered by hazard insurance should then be determined by:
1) estimating full coverage for all damaged structures for situations where the average
value of such coverage exceeds the amount of damage to the structure; and 2) '
multiplying the number of structures where damage exceeds the average value of
insurance coverage by the average value of such coverage.
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5. Damage assessment reports should be obtained from each municipality and the data
should then be consolidated into a single town damage assessment report which should
be forwarded to the appropriate state officials.
6. Damage to public roads and utility systems should be estimated by utilizing current
construction costs for facilities by lineal foot (e.g., 10' water line replacement cost =
X$/L.F.).
The Damage Assessment Plan is intended to be the mechanism for estimating overall property
damage in the event of a civil disaster. The procedure recommended above represents an
approach for making a relatively quick, realistic "order of magnitude" damage estimate after a
disaster. This process will not provide the required information within the time constraints if
organization and data collection are not completed prior to the storm event.
d. Organization of Recovery Operation
Damage assessment operations are oriented to take place during the emergency period. After
the emergency operations to restore public health and safety and the initial damage assessments
are completed, the state guidelines suggest that a Recovery Task Force to guide restoration and
reconstruction activities be created to guide restoration and reconstruction activities during a
post -emergency phase which could last from weeks to possibly more than a year. The
responsibilities of the Task Force will be:
Establishing an overall restoration schedule.
1 2. Setting restoration priorities, in advance, by definition.
' 3. Determining requirements for outside assistance and requesting such assistance when
beyond local capabilities. (Predisaster agreement, procedures, contact persons, should
be defined before the disaster event.)
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4. Keeping the appropriate state officials informed using Situation and Damage Report.
5. Keeping the public informed.
6. Assembling and maintaining records of actions taken and expenditures and obligations
incurred. Standardized forms should be developed in advance and kept on file at the
EOC.
7. Proclaiming a local "state of emergency" if warranted.
8. Commencing cleanup, debris removal and utility restoration activities which would include
coordination of restoration activities undertaken by private utility companies.
9. Undertaking repair and restoration of essential public facilities and services in accordance
with priorities developed through the situation evaluations.
10. Assisting private businesses and individual property owners in 1) obtaining information
on the various types of assistance that might be available from federal and state
agencies, 2) in understanding the various assistance programs, and 3) applying for such
assistance. When a major storm does eventually hit Indian Beach and major damages
occur, consideration should be given to establishing a Community Assistance Team

within the appropriate town department to carry out the above functions as long as there
is a need to do so.
In Before the Storm, a sequence and schedule for undertaking local reconstruction and
restoration activities is presented. The schedule was deliberately left vague because specific
reconstruction needs will not be known until after a storm hits and the magnitude of the damage
can be assessed. The following sequence of activities and schedule is submitted as a guide
which should be considered by the Recovery Task Force and reviewed as necessary after the
damage assessment activities are completed.
Activity
Time Frame
1)
Complete initial damage assessment.
Immediately after storm passes.
2)
Complete second phase damage
Completed by second week after the
assessment.
storm.
3)
Prepare summary of master reconstruction
Completed one week after second
schedule.
phase damage assessment is
completed.
4)
Decision with regard to imposition of
One week after second phase
temporary development moratorium.
damage assessment is completed.
5)
Set reconstruction priorities and prepare
Completed one week after summary
master reconstruction schedule.
of reconstruction needs is
completed.
6)
Begin repairs to critical utilities and
As soon as possible after disaster.
facilities.
7)
Permitting of reconstruction activities for all
One week after second phase
structures receiving minor damages not
damage assessment is completed.
included in development moratorium areas.
8)
Permitting of reconstruction activities for all
Two weeks after second phase
structures receiving major damages not
damage assessment is completed.
included in development moratorium areas.
9) Initiate assessment of existing mitigation Two weeks after second phase
policies. damage assessment is completed.
10) Complete reevaluation of hazard areas and The length of the period for
mitigation policies in areas subjected to conducting reevaluations and
development moratorium. receiving input from the state should
not exceed two months.
11) Review mitigation policies and development Two months after temporary
standards for areas subjected to development moratorium is imposed.
development moratorium and lift (Subject to change based on
development moratorium. circumstances encountered.)
12) Permit new development. Upon suspension of any temporary
development moratorium.
e. Recommended Reconstruction Policies
It is recommended that the Indian Beach Task Force consist of the following individuals:
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• Chairman of the Board of County Commissioners
• Indian Beach Manager
• Emergency Management Coordinators
• Chief County Tax Appraiser
• Town Finance Director
• Town Code Inspections Director
The following policies have been designed 1) to be considered and adopted by the Indian Beach
Board of Commissioners prior to a storm; and 2) implemented, as appropriate, after a storm
occurs.
Permitting
Building permits to restore structures located outside of designated AEC areas that were
previously built in conformance with local codes, standards, and the provisions of the
North Carolina Building Code shall be issued automatically.
2. All structures suffering major damages as defined in the town's Damage Assessment
Plan shall be repaired or rebuilt to conform with the provisions of the North Carolina
Building Code, the Indian Beach Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance, Indian Beach
Zoning Ordinance, the Bogue Banks Land Protection Ordinance, Group Housing
Ordinance, and Mobile Home Park Ordinance.
3. All structures suffering minor damage as defined in the Carteret County Damage
Assessment Plan shall be permitted to be rebuilt to their original state before the storm
condition, provided non -conforming use regulations of the zoning ordinance are met.
4. For all structures in designated AECs and for all mobile home locations, a determination
shall be made for each AEC as to whether the provisions of the N.C. Building Code, the
state regulations for Areas of Environmental Concern, the Carteret County Flood
Prevention Ordinance, and Carteret County Mobile Home Park Ordinance appeared
adequate in minimizing storm damages. For areas where the construction and use
requirements appear adequate, permits shall be issued in accordance with permitting
policies 1, 2 and 3. For AECs where the construction and use requirements do not
appear to have been adequate in mitigating damages, a Temporary Development Mora-
torium for all structures located within that specific AEC shall be imposed.
5. All individual mobile homes located in mobile home parks sustaining some damage to at
least 50% of their mobile homes in the park shall be required to conform with the
provision of the Carteret County Mobile Home, Mobile Home Park and Travel Trailer Park
Ordinance, and the town's Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance regardless of whether
such park is currently subject to these ordinances.
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6. Permits shall not be issued in areas subject to a Temporary Displacement Moratorium
until such a moratorium is lifted by the Indian Beach Board of Commissioners.
Utility and Facility Reconstruction
1. All damaged water and sewer systems (both public and private) shall be repaired so as
' to be elevated above the 100-year floodplain or shall be floodproofed, with the methods
employed and the construction being certified by a registered professional engineer.

2. All damaged roads used as major evacuation routes in flood hazard areas shall be
repaired so as to be elevated at least one foot above the 100-year floodplain elevation.
3. All local roads that have to be completely rebuilt shall be elevated so as to be above the
100-year floodplain elevation.
Temporary Development Moratorium
Under certain circumstances, interim development moratoriums can be used in order to give a
local government time to assess damages, to make sound decisions and to learn from its storm
experiences. Such a moratorium must be temporary and it must be reasonably related to the
public health, safety and welfare.
It is not possible to determine prior to a storm whether a temporary development moratorium will
be needed. Such a measure should only be used if damage in a particular area is very serious
and if redevelopment of the area in the same manner as previously existed would submit the
residents of the area to similar public health and safety problems. The Indian Beach policy
regarding the proclamation of temporary development moratoriums shall be to:
Require the Indian Beach Recovery Task Force to assess whether a Temporary
Development Moratorium is needed within one week after the damage
assessment process is completed. Such an assessment should clearly document
why such a moratorium is needed, delineate the specific uses that would be
affected by the moratorium, propose a specific schedule of activities and actions
that will be taken during the moratorium period, and establish a specific time
period during which the moratorium will be in effect.
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IAPPENDIX II
TOWN OF INDIAN BEACH
'
CITIZEN PARTICIPATION PLAN
PREPARATION OF LAND USE PLAN
'
FISCAL YEAR 1995-96
The Town of Indian Beach has received a FY95-96 Coastal Area Management Act grant for the
' update of its existing Land Use Plan. Adequate citizen participation in the development of the
Plan is essential to the preparation of a document responsive to the needs of the citizens of
Indian Beach. To ensure such input, the following citizen participation program will be utilized
' by the town.
The Planning Board will work with the town's planning consultant to ensure that the final product
will survey existing land use, identify policies, recommend strategies/actions, and identify Areas
of Environmental Concern. The plan will focus on issues expected to occur during the planning
period, including infrastructure needs, housing needs, transportation planning, and
environmental. A completely new land classification map will be provided. Specifically, the
planning consultant and the Planning Board will be responsible for ensuring accomplishment of
the following:
' — Establishment of policies to deal with existing and anticipated land use issues.
— Preparation of a land classification map.
' - Preparation of hurricane mitigation and post -disaster recovery plans and policies.
Assessment of opportunities for participation in state and federal programs.
— An updated Land Use Plan based on an effective citizen participation process.
' The following schedule will be utilized:
1. November, 1995 -- complete identification of existing land use problems, develop
socioeconomic base data, and review community facilities needs.
2. November, 1995 — Conduct initial meeting with the Town of Indian Beach Planning
Board, and have the Citizen Participation Plan adopted.
— The Board of Commissioners will conduct a public information meeting. The
' meeting will be advertised in a local newspaper. The town will specifically discuss
the policy statements contained in the 1991 Town of Indian Beach Land Use Plan.
The significance of the policy statements to the CAMA land use planning process
' shall be described. The process by which the Town of Indian Beach will solicit
the views of a wide cross-section of citizens in the development of the updated
policy statements will be explained.
4. November, 1995 - May, 1996 — Continue preparation of a draft Land Use Plan and
conduct meetings with the Indian Beach Planning Board.
5. June, 1996 — Present complete draft sections of the plan and preliminary policy
statements to the Indian Beach Planning Board.

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6. July, 1996 — Review draft Land Use Plan with Board of Commissioners, conduct a public '
information meeting for review of the proposed plan, and submit draft of completed Land
Use Plan to the Department of Environment, Health and Natural Resources staff for '
review and comment.
7. Following receipt of Coastal Resources Commission comments (estimate October or ,
November, 1996) — Present proposed Land Use Plan to Board of Commissioners for
adoption, and conduct a formal public hearing.
All meetings of the Town of Indian Beach Planning Board and Board of Commissioners at which ,
the update of the Land Use Plan will be discussed will be advertised in a local newspaper in a
non -legal ad section. In addition, public service announcements will be mailed to local radio
stations and posted in the Municipal Building. All meetings will be open to the public. The town ,
will encourage and consider all economic, social, ethnic, and cultural viewpoints. No major
non-English speaking groups are known to exist in Indian Beach.
10/13/95 '
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