Drainage Master Plan-1988

DRAINAGE MASTER PLAN
TOWN OF EMERALD ISLE, NORTH CAROLINA
AUGUST, 1987
REVISED FEBRUARY, 1988
Prepared For: Board of Commissioners,
Planning Board and Citizens of
Emerald Isle, North Carolina
Prepared By: HENRY VON OESEN AND ASSOCIATES, INC.
Consulting Engineers & Planners
805 North Third Street ** P. 0. Drawer 2087
Wilmington; North Carolina 28402
[phone]
The preparation of this report and associated maps was financed
in part through a grant provided by the North Carolina Coastal
Management Program, through funds provide -I the Coastal Zone
Management Act of 1972, as amended, which is admin-Lstered by the
Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management, National Oceanic
and Atmospheric Administration.
3008 (021188)

1
Table of Contents
SECTION
1: INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE OF WORK
'
1.1
Introduction ..................................... 0......
1-1
1.2
Scope of Work..........................................1-1
1.3
Background Information.................................1-3
'
1.4
Aerial PhotograpY,.- and Topographic Maps ................
1-4
1.5
Public Participation...................................1-4
SECTION 2: =STING CONDITIONS
2.1
Physical Setting.......................................2-1
2.2
Existing Development and Land Use Patterns.............2-1
'
2.3
Topography, Surface Waters, Soils and Areas of
Environmental Concern (AEC's) .........................2-2
'
2.3.1 Topography and Surface Waters...................2-2
2.3.2 Soils...........................................2-3
-2.3.3 Areas of Environmental Concern ..................2-3
'
Maps 2.3.2.1 A&B:
Soils Maps
Table 2.3.2.1: Estimated Soils Properties
'
Significant to Engineering
2.4
Climate/Rainfall Intensity and Duration................2-4
'
2.4.1 Climatic Summary.. .... ......................2-4
2.4.2 Rainfall Intensity/Duration .....................2-4
'
Table 2.4.2.1: Inches of Rainfall for
Various Recurrence and
Accumulation Times for
'
Southern Coastal Area
of North Carolina
' 2.5 Existing State Coastal Area Stormwater
Control Regulations....................................2-4
' 2.6 Applicability of Existing StoruvaterControl
Regulations to Emerald Isle, NC.. .....•.•••••• .2-7
' Figure 2.6.1: Stormwater System Design
SECTION 3: DRAMGE STUDY METHODS
' 3.1 General................................................3-1
3.2 Run -Off Calculations...................................3-1

Table of Contents,'Continued
SECTION 4: IDENTIFICATION OF EXISTING MAJOR DRAINAGE
PROBLEM AREAS AIM THEIR POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS
4.1 Priorization of Projects Based on Severity of Need ..... 4-1
4.2 Listing of Problem Areas and Possible Solutions ........ 4-2
4.3 Reccmma�Aed Solutions/Estimated Costs..................4-4
4.3.1 Recommended Solutions ...........................4-4
4.3.2 Preliminary Cost Estimates ......................4-8
4.3.3 Maintenance of Drainage Systems.................4-11
Figure 4.3.1.1: Proposed Improvements, Coast
Guard Road '(Near Reed Drive)
Figure 4.3.1.2: Proposed Inprovemerts, Sand
Castle/Doe/Deer Horn Area
Figure 4.3.1.3: Proposed Improvements, Ocean
Drive (Cedar Tree to Matt Drive)
Figure 4.3.1.4: Proposed Improvements, Ocean
Drive (5 th to 18th Streets)
Figure 4.3.1.5: Proposed Improvements, Sand
Castle (Pinewood to Sea Dunes)
Figure 4.3.1.6: Proposed Improvements, Sound
Drive (Bogue Inlet to Live Oak)
Figure 4.3.1.7: Proposed Improvements, Reed
Drive (at Bay Berry)
Figure 4.3.1.8: Proposed Improvements, Coast
Guard Road (Island Circle)
SECTION 5: PROJECT IMPLEMENi'ATION
5.1 General................................................5-1
5.2 Project Scheduling....... .... 000— ... oo—o—o—o—o.5-1
5.3 Project Funding........................................5-1
SECTION 6: LOCAL REGULATORY CONTRCL STRATBSIES
6.1 General................................................6-1
6.2 Strategy for Stornwater Control ........................6-1
6.3 Draft Stormwater Control Ordinance .....................6-3

Table of Contents, Continued
SECTION 7 : SUMMA-RY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECCbMDATIONS
7.1 Summary and Conclusions................................7-1
7.2 Recanmendations........................................7-3
APPENDICES
A TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS OF EMERALD ISLE
B CLEV%TIC .-KZ2'lARY
C EXISTING COASTAL AREA STORP?AIATE R CONTROL REGULATIONS
D MODEL STORM RATER CONTROL ORDINANCE FOR EMERALD ISLE,
NORTH CAROLINA

n
L
J
J
DRAINAGE MASTER PLAN
TOWN OF EMERALD ISLEr NORTH CAROLINA
SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE OF WORK
aD
This study was commissioned by the Board of Commissioners of
the Town of Emerald Islet North Carolina in Marchr 1986 to
provide a comprehensiver rational drainage master plan for
programming -needed future improvements to the Town's existing
drainage systems and for the orderly development of new drainage
systems in areas which are currently undeveloped or not fully
developed. The study and report to follow centers on the area
within the existing Town limits of Emerald Isle. The study
covers both piped systems and open "natural" systems including
canals and creeks within the Town limits.
This study was conducted by the firm of Henry von Oesen and
Associates, Inc.r Consulting Engineers and Planners. Wilmingtonr
NC. Aerial photogrammetric mapping of the Town on which the plan
is based was prepared by the firm of Landmark Engineering of
Cary t NC.
1.2 $_q.4PP_ 4� .WQ_rk
The s::udy consisted of the follow n—.7 major work elements:
• Coordinate the production of a set of aerial photographs
and contour maps of the Town to meet map requirements of 1"
= 100 feet and contour intervals of 2 feet. (Note: Aerial
1 - 1

photography and photogrammetric mapping were conducted by '
Landmark Engineering of Cary, NC under separate contract
with the Town of Emerald Isle) . -_
• Establish necessary vertical and horizontal control points
("ground truth") following the aerial mapping procedure. '
• Locate and map all existing drainage facilities including '
storm drains► creeks, catch basins► culverts, open ditches
and drop inlets. '
• Record information on existing pipe sizes, pipe types, and_
invert elevations (tied to existing bench marks) on the '
contour maps. '
• Locate major drainage boundaries and drainage basin sub-
areas on the contour maps. '
• Conduct interviews and discussions with Town personnel and
other knowledgeable individuals concerning the nature of '
the existing drainage system and the nature and extent of '
existing problem areas.
• Identify existing and future potential problem areas on the '
contour maps.
• Prepare preliminary designs of drainage systems for each of '
the existing problem areas. '
• Determine preliminary estimated costs associated with the
proposed drainage improvements and assign each project a '
priority based on needs predicated on a set of accepted
criteria. '
• Develop a project financial plan and explore sources of '
potential grant assistance, if any.
1 - 2

t• Present the draft master plan to the local government and
the N. C. Division of Coastal Management for review and
' approval.
1.3 ���1t9�41dD�7 II?4�Lna4D
' In November. 1985 the Town of Emerald Isle experienced severe
flooding due to a series of rainstorms which resulted in an
' accumulation of 17 inches of rain in one week. Several Town
streets were rendered impassable., for days and several lots were
inundated for weeks following this unusually severe wet weather
event. The Town took emergency action to alleviate these
'
conditions. Portable pumping equipment was used to lower water
levels and some ditching of critical areas was accomplished.
However► in recognition of the severity of the -problems that had
become manifest► the Town proceeded to seek outside technical
'
assistance towards a long term resolution of the problem. In
March, 1986 the Town Board of Commissioners selected the
'
consulting engineering firm of Henry von Oesen and Associates►
'
Inc. of Wilmington, NC to prepare a drainage master plan in
accord with the aforementioned scope of work. In October► 1986
the Town was awarded a Coastal Area Management Act Grant in the
amount of $19,520 to aid in the preparation of this master plan.
' ,,/ This is an unofficial ally of the rainfall quantity as
published in the ���.g�,rgt �Q��y_1g��_Sm��. As shown in
' Table 2.4.2.1 following., it represents a 100-year recurrent
interval storm in terms of rainfall accumulation.
1
1 - 3

1 4
Aerial photographic flights of the Town of Emerald Isle were
completed in December, 1986 by Landmark Engineering, Inc.
Photogrammetric topographic maps at a scale of 1" = 100 feet with
contour intervals of two (2) feet were completed in late June,
1987. A total of fifty (50) maps (24" x 3611) provide total
coverage of the Town. The original mylars of the topographic
maps provided by Landmark Engineering were subsequently
reproduced and enhanced with standard legends and an index (key)
map etc., by modern reprographic techniques. A complete set of
copies of reduced versions of these enhanced topographic maps are
appended to this report (see Appendix A) .2_/ One full set of
both of the original Landmark Engineering mylars and the enhanced
mylars have been provided to the Town of Emerald Isle for its
use.
1.5 P��� i� �a r ti cipa ion
As required by Coastal Management Regulations, public
participation was encouraged in the development of this plan. To
this end the results of the topographic mapping of the Town and
the identification of problem areas was presented at a joint
meeting of the Town Board and Planning Board held on July 20,
2:/ Note: The reduced maps are included to show the locations of
certain key topographic features (interdunal troughs),
drainage basin boundaries and problem areas. For detailed
planning and design, the large maps held by the Town of
Emerald Isle should be used. Copies of individual sheets may
be obtained from the Town at a nominal fee.
1 - 4

'
1987 at the Town Hall. The meeting was well attended
by the
.
general public and ample opportunity was provided to
answer
'
citizens' concerns and questions. A complete summary,
of this
'
meeting is available at Emerald Isle Town Hall. Additional
opportunities for public input and citizen involvement
will be
'
afforded during =:he plan implementation phase of this
project
(see Section 5 below) .
1
1
1-5

M M ■■r
Gom m m r m r r �w �r w MM
2A THE NEWS-11MEs Morehead City-aeaufert, N.C. Friday, Nov. 13, Ifq
Price tog: $1.2 million
Town approves
concept
By Jeff Joan
age problem in that area the worst,
(ty of Island Ckscla Connector
ae.e Trmw Nye wrltir
and suggested the road be raised 18
ditches wereneeded,lheengineerra-
Emerald Isle corm, usloners last
Inches "to prevent a catastrophic
ported. He estimated the cost at
Tuesday right Itthe concept
of people at the western end of
IM,800.
of a storm water management mar
the island." fie estimated the cart of
the
correcting the problem ats162,000,
"It might be prudent to take one or
ter plan prepared for We resort now-
munity, by Henry von Osseo i Aso-' '
' O Sand Castle Drive, Doe Drlve
two of these projects Per fiscal
ciates, consulting engineers from
sold Deer Rory Drive. Collector
year," Mr. Burnell advised the town
you could try to do all of
boarWilmington.
ditcheswouldwould be needed to solve
them alt oonnce."
problems In those areas, Mr. Bur -
Bill Burnett, an employee of the
Oesen firm, presented a rough
nett sold. The cast was estimated at
But whatever the board decided,
draft of the plan, a thick volume of
—
the engineer recommended that lop
Zoo plus pages and 50 Myler top*-,
t O Ocean Drive tram Cedar Tree
priority be given to the- first
graphical maps of the town.Gommis-'
Lan° to Matt Drive. Correction
"problem area" on the list. Coast
sioners met in the town hall..
would involve use of a sump pump
Guard Road near Reed Drive.
_ and pipe leading to the beach, where
The master plan Identities eight
runoff water would be dumped to per-
The eight drainage projects could
major drainage problems in Emer•
colate through the sand before re-
be funded from general fund reve-
Wd Isle, and estimates the cost of
turning to the ocean. He called the
nues, which would Involve a sharing
correcting them at $1.2 million. The
proposal a "new concept," one that
of costs by the entire town, Mr. Bur -
plan includes a storm water control
might wind up being a lest case be-
nett said. "But not all residents are
ordinance aimed alpreventingdrain-
fore state regulatory agencies. The
affected, so you may want to con -
age problems in /afore development
cost, he said, would approach
eider an alternative: a special as -
projects on the Island.
$258,700•
sessment program."
Development of the pl.m was
O Ocean Drive from SO Street to
i8th Street. Sump pump and pipe sys-
An assessment program would
prompted byextremely #easyrab,
In November 1885, w•he; an ell•
temwouldbeneeded.Mr.Burnetles-
Place the financial burden on those
who benefit. Mr. Burnett suggested
mated 17 inches of rain fell in just a
llmated the cost at i500,11U0.
the town establish "benefit zones,"
few days, flooding many areas In
❑ Sand Castle Drive from Pine-
an that those whose property was di -
town.
wood Drive to Sea Dunes Drive. Col-
rectly affected by the projects would
The master plan, the first of Its
lection and storage of storm water
pay more than those who wouldbene
kind in the 20county region affected
were addressed In the rough draft.
lit indirectly from the work.
by the Coastal Area Management
The cost was estimated at W.000.
Act, suggests priorities for review of
O Sound Drive from Bogue Inlef
Procedures for the assessment
drainage matters and for action on
Drive to Live Oak. Similar collection
Problem are outlined In state stat-
them. But Mr. Burnett told coirmis-
and storage problems were noted.as
utes, according to the engineer.
sioners they would have the final
The cost of correcllon w estimated
Those procedures Include board ac-
say. The plan was offered as a geld:
at 817 3f10
tlon by resolution and public hear-
Ime.
Logs. allowing residents to comment
❑ Rent Drive at Bayberry Road.
on the proposal.
Problem areas, in the order they
Collection and storage problems
were listed, follow:
were listed. Mr. Burnett estimated
Mr. Burnett urged the board to
O Coast Guard Road near Reed
the correction cost at $36.200.
adopt controls for the future. "The
Drive. Mr. Burnette called thedram.
O Coast Guard Road to the vicia•
town Is only 51 to 52 percent devel-
of. master drainageplan.�l
oped," be sold. lie suggested action
That the figures dui not include the
sumps to handle forced movement of -
should be taken no later than nest
cost of easements,
ruraff.
spring.
•The figures aren't set In car
Elwood Slocum, a resident, es -
Crete. But they are our best sell-
pressed his concern lbat raislri
The corm water control ordl-
mates," which he characterized as
Coed Guard Road 18 Inches wotlf.Q
nonce recommended in the rough
..Conservative...
crate a dam of aorta• lie also asks4
draft Is based on modals from Texas
and South Carolina. el the
Commiask+ners If" voted 8-0 to
the
that the board force developer*
whose create drainageprot'
ordinance pus the burden*'Basically,
those
on t
"
accept plaster plaµ but with the
understanding that I may be lead-
projects
toms to be responsible for soluffoo>i
o
to ke
wishing to develop landma
sure that drainage problems areo't
filed alter a careful review by llq
IolhnoseProDlems.11epointedtoP4
crealed by their development Prof
town.
Me Beach condominiums as an es-
xd'
eels.
During the "comments from the
public" portion of the agenda, at the ;
ample.
PcoP
"You should make these le i
The ordinance is designed to pro-
and of the meeting. Lee Messner, a
resident on Trade Winds Drive,
sponsthle; ' Mr. Slocum said.
Dorothy Metzler, a resident, ma A ill
feet an inter-0unal trough system
asked how much the town had spent
a similar comment moments later.
that is vital to drainage in the Wand
having the master drainage plan de•
She urged commissioners to adopt
community. It includes a manual of
veloped.
the master plan prepared by Hem7(
recommended dorm water develop
Wade Horne, town administrator,
von Oesen and Associates '.'to makd
meat practices. "This. tordinaacel
replied that the survey cost f7As00,
developers responsible." a%
won't preclude development, but It
will allow the lows to be sensitive to
but that 75 percent of that was pr!
The town adminWralor als,o
for the
problems. And It meets the date's
vided by the state, through the Ddvl-
voiced support master play
storrn water runoff regulations,"
&ion of Coastal management, Depart.
But headded that while the plan ideq-
Mr.Burnetlsaid.
meal of Natural Resources andCom-
filled draina a problems, and way{
g P
He added that the proposal would
mMr. Development.
er the need
Mr. Messpending
d
to solve them, It would not cure 'al
erythd altered the a"
meet requirements for current run-
at &mtud
for spending that amount, Plus a
a en t you biz
s fundamental truth: "I/ you buy a
off regulations, to handle the "Grit
projected muttonto. ectwonder
•V
lowlot,you get alow lot" .
Bush" from a storm, 1'h inches of
"I der
drainage problems. "I wonder
cog
ficthis
Attending they in a,
runoff. The ordinance would not
It necessary for a once
u ills
meng.
were
to those already ed, were.
meet earlier requirements, recently
rescinded, deal with the first aK
- cop
IWstoryo(-the weather-0ureau hap
n Byll
commissioners Ben Byland A.H.
inches of runoff.
peNng."the November 1985deluge.
Crew end Bea Pase; Jackie Paying
Mr. Burnett called the higher don-He
He also questioned the wisdom of
town clerk; Steve Harrell, buildiQ
lard sought by a number
Coast Guard Road 18 inches,
linspector; Bob Conrad, module
r upsenv, un-
mental and conservation groups, so-
and wondered haw much land would
nonce supervisor; Nark Wilson, po
have to be set aside to provide stor-
lice chief; Dale Johnson, tire chief;
necessary.
age areas for storm water runoff, or
and Richard Stanley, town attorney.
Mayor PmTern Walt G askins, pre-
siding in the absence of Mayor Lib
lleverly, asked It the figures quoted
in the master plan included engi-
neering and construction costs.
Yes," Mr. Burnell replied. But In
answer to a question from Commis-
sioner Pete Leo, the engineer noted

1
' SECTION 2: EXISTING CONDITIONS
' 2.1 ghy���l_E�T19
The Town of Emerald Isle is located on the western third of
'
Bogue Banks, North Carolina, and has a land area of approximately
3,337 acres including both developable and undevelopable
'
(conservation) areas. As one of the most attractive barrier
'
island communities on the North Carolina coast, much of the Town
is wooded with remnants of maritime forest and has dunes 20 to 35
'
feet high along the oceanfront. The interior land elevation
ranges between 6 and 25 feet above sea * level. Bogue Sound, on
'
the north side of the Town is quite shallow. Islands and
'
wetlands enhance the scenic value of the soundfront area. The
Town, now with about 51 percent of the total land (or 59.1
percent of the developable land) developed, is eleven miles long
with a width of 41-000 feet on the western end and 800 feet on the
'
eastern end. Some of the large
remaining undeveloped parcels
'
located at the western extremity of the Town are in 1,100-foot
wide lots (locally called "blocks") and extend from,the ocean to
'
the sound.
2.2 isA�p��g�4p1eA_ ails E�11� S]s�_�att�ll�
'
According to information presented in the 1986 Emerald Isle
'
Coastal Area Management Act Land Use Plan Update. of Emerald
Isle's 3,337 acres of land approximately 1,616 acres (48 percent)
'
is develoned with residential land uses of various types
including single family homes, duplexesf hotels, motels.
'
apartments and condominiums, about 79 acres (2 percent) is
1 developed for commercial uses of various types including
1
2 - 1

recreational uses, and about 13 acres (0.4 percent) are developed
f or institutional, government, utilities and other miscellaneous
uses. Thus, about 1,708 acres of the 3,337 total acres of land
or 51 percent is developed leaving about 1,629 acres yet
undeveloped. However, of this latter total only about 1,184
acres are developable under current local, regional and btate
regulations. The Town's zoning ordinance allows a maximum
density of 8 dwelling units per acre for all future development.
2.3 TQQQ�p1zY1_�1����e i���t S1_�Q�$_�2 &� es3 Q �Dv i�4i�►gA�
2.3 .1
As evidenced by the topographic maps which accompany this
report (see Appendix A), the major topographic features are the
high dunes along the beachfront and the undulating relict dunes
and interdunal troughs in the area landward of the f oredunes. It
is immediately obvious to even the most casual observer that the
most important topographic features relative to drainage are the
multiple interdunal troughs which form the principal sites of
groundwater recharge to the surf icial sand aquifer. Due to the
presence of organic based soils in some of the interdunal
troughs, water is retained all year long. In most cases,
however, the soils
in the interdunal
troughs
are permeable
and
water retention is
relatively brief
and only
occurs during
very
wet weather periods.
Emerald Isle is surrounded on three sides by water, the
Atlantic Ocean on the south, Bogue Inlet on the west and Bogue
Sound on the north. One tidal creek, Archers Creek, penetrates
2 - 2

'
into the land mass north of Emerald_ Drive from Bogue Inlet Drive
to Lee Avenue and provides a natural drainage outlet ("line
sink") for adjacent lands. Waters of the Atlantic Ocean are
'
classified "SB" suitable for swimming and body contact recreation
and all other sound waters are classified "SA" for shellfishing.
'
2 . 3 . 2
'
Map 2.3.2.1 Parts A and B show the soil types at Emerald
Isle. Table 2.3.2.1 provides brief descriptions of the soil
P P
'
ty pes.and pertinent engineering characteristics with regard to
drainage. Soils information included herein is based on
'
information by ' the Carteret County Office the Soil
provided of
'
Conservation Service.
2.3 .3 B��a�_4_DY�QD�►�At��_�o��g�Il -
'
The areas of environmental concern (AEC's) in Emerald Isle as
defined in Coastal Area Management Act Regulations include
'
coastal wetlands, estuarine waters, estuarine shorelines, public
' trust areas, ocean erodible areas, high hazard flood areas, and
inlet hazard areas. Full definitions and descriptions of these
1 areas are found in the 1986 Emerald Isle Coastal Area Management
Act Land Use Plan Update and so are not repeated herein. The
locations of the AEC's are shown on the zoning map (see Map 2.2.1
in the 1986 Land Use Plan).
It is important that the improvements recommended in this
' plan not adversely impact any of the AEC's. Engineering and
regulatory control methods which can be used to accomplish this
' goal are set forth in Sections 5 and 6 of this report.
1 2 - 3

343000
&L
D
541000 L
530000
337000
335000
333000
BOGUE
SOUND
BOGUE
INLET
CH
331000
i I �
2571000 2573000 25750001, 2577000 2579000
MAP 2.3.2.11 PART A
GENERAL SOILS MAP
TOWN OF EMERALD ISLE. N. C.
EMERALD ISLE DRAINAGE MASTER PLAN I
LAND RESOURCES SCALE 1: 15840
Cr) INFORMATION SERVICE 1 INCH = 1320 FT
i 11 17 1982
IC NC DEPT OF NR&CD EMERAL. SOIL. A. P1
--J 919/733-2090 ORIG SCALE 1: 24000 NORTH
HENRY VON OESEN & ASSOCIATES
0
CH NO
�L
NO
CL
ND BOGUE SOUND --
N
C N
ND ND
\`
CL L C0
W
Z
J
CL
CL
CL
_._.---�
FR
e --
-�� HEY TO SOIL TYPES
NC -
LABEL SEPTIC TANK
NO. ABBREV. NAME SUITABILITY
/ 3 SH BEACH-FOREDUNE ASSOC. VERY SEVERE
ATLANTIC OCEAN 18 CH CARTERET SOILS, HIGH VERY SEVERE
6 CL CARTERET SOILS, LOW VERY SEVERE
7 CO COROLLA FINE SAND SEVERE
10 CU COROLLA URBAN LAND COMPLEX SEVERE
12 DU DUCKSTON FINE SAND SEVERE
15 FR FRIPP FINE SAND SLIGHT
22 NC NEWHAN- COROLLA COMPLEX SLIGHT
10 NO NEWHAN SAND DREDGED PHASE VERY SEVERE
24 NE NEWHAN-URBAN LAND COMPLEX SLIGHT
2561000 25f131-0 25950o0 2597000 2568000 2591000 2593000 2595000 2507000 2599000
CONSULTING ENGINEERS 89 PLANNERS
NOTES THIS MAP IS BASED ON INFORMATION FROM THE SOIL SURVEY OF
THE OUTER BANKS, NORTH CAROLINA. 1977, PRODUCED BY THE
USDA SOIL CONSERVATION SERVICE IN COOPERATION WITH NORTH
CAROLINA'S DEPARTMENT OF NATIONAL RESOURCES AND COMMUNITY
DEVELOPMENT. LABEL NUMBERS CORRESPOND TO MAP SYMBOLS ON
THAT SURVEY.
WILMINGTON, N.C.
3008

349000
348000
C
L
844000 y
L
�TEB
34,2000
N
W
2
J
c�
a
340000
3"000
J
U
2800000 2802000 2804000 2808000 260E000
MAP 2.3.2.1 , PART B
GENERAL SOILS MAP
TOWN OF EMERALD ISLE , N. G:
EMERALID ISLE DRAINAGE MASTER PLAN
LAND RESOURCES
INFORMATION SERVICE
SCRLE 1: 15840
1 INCH = 1320 FT
11 17 1982
EMERAL. SOIL. B. P1
ORIG SCALE 1: 24000 NORTH
HENRY VON OESEN a ASSOCIATES
DU
ROGUE SOUND Nc
C L
cc
H
KEY TO SOIL TYPES
LABEL SEPTIC TANK
ATLANTIC OCEAN
NO.
ABBREV. NAME SUITABILITY
3
SH BEACH-FOREOUNE ASSOC. VERY SEVERE
18
CH CARTERET SOILS, HIGH VERY SEVERE
6
CL CARTERET SOILS, LOW VERY SEVERE
7
CO COROLLA FINE SAND SEVERE
10
CU COROLLA URBAN LAND COMPLEX SEVERE
12
DU DUCKSTON FINE SAND SEVERE
IS
FR FRIPP FINE SAND SLIGHT
22
NC NEWHAN-COROLLA COMPLEX SLIGHT
10
NO NEWHAN SAND DREDGED PHASE VERY SEVERE
24
NE NEWHAN-URBAN LAND COMPLEX SLIGHT
i
2610000 2612000 2814000 2018000 2819000
2620000
2822600 2824000 2028000 2529000
NOTE:
THIS MAP IS BASED ON INFORMATION FROM THE SOIL SURVEY OF
THE OUTER BANKS, NORTH CAROLINA, 1977, PRODUCED BY THE
USDA SOIL,CONSERVATI-ON SERVICE IN COOPERATION WITH NORTH
CAROLINA'S DEPARTMENT OF NATIONAL RESOURCES AND COMMUNITY
DEVELOPMENT. LABEL NUMBERS CORRESPOND TO MAP SYMBOLS ON
THAT SURVEY.
CONSULTING ENGINEERS & PLANNERS
WILMINGTON, N.C.
J
3008
I

1
TABLE
LAND TYPES HIGH W= TA= FLOM PERMEABILITY]
ESTIMATED SOMS PROPERTIES SIGNIFICANT TO ENGINEERING
K!
'1199101"
#3 Bead- Bead - 0 to Frequent Rapid 6.3" hr.
Foredune 3.0'
Association F redunes 6.0' - Rare
#4 Bohicket 0 to 3.0' Frequent (daily) Slow 0.0611/hr.
soils, low
#6 Carteret 0 to 3.0' Frequent (daily) Rapid 6.3"/hr.
Boils, low
#7 Corolla 1.5 to 3.0' Rare to Common Very rapid
fine sand Storm Tides 20"/hr.
#8 Corolla fine Rare High Very rapid
sands forested 1.5 to 3.0' Storm Tides 20"/hr.
#9 Oorolla-Duck- Rare to Common Very rapid
stone Caw-lex 1.0 to 3.0' Storm Tides 20"/hr.
#10 Dredge_cQil 0' Rare Storm Tides Rapid 6 3"/hr
#11 Hobonny Moderate 0.63
soils -0-to 2.01 Frequent (monthly) to 2 0"/hr
#12 Duckstone Rare to Canwn Very rapid
fine sand 1.0 to 2.01 Storm Tides 20"/hr
#13 Duckstone
f ine sand. Rare to Common Very rapid
forested 1 0 to 2.01 Storm Tides 20"/hr,
Very rapid
#14 Duneland 6.0' None 20"/hr,
.. fine
..1. 6.01 Rare !
Source: Soil Conservation Service.

Table 2.3.2.1, Oontinued
Estimated Soils Properties Significant to Engineering
MAP SYMBCL, DEPRH M SEASCNAL
LAM TYPES HIGiMATER TABLEFWM
PERMEABILITY
#16 Levy soils 0 to 2.0' Frequent (monthly)
Slow 0.06-2.0"/hr.
.#17 Madel=d 3.0' Rare Storm Tides __
Rapid 6.311/hr.
#18 Carteret
soils, Mgr 1.0 to 3.0' Frequent (monthly)
Rapid 6.3"/hr.
'
#19 Carteret 0 to 3.0' Frequent (monthly)
Rapid 6.311/hr.
soils
'
#20 Currituck 0 to 3.0' Frequent (monthly).,
soils
Rapid 6.3"/hr..
#21 Newhan fine 6.0' None
Very rapid
sand
20"/hr.
' #22 Newhan-
Corolla Complex -- See ratings for individual soil --
#23 Duneland
' Newhan Complex -- See ratings for individual soil ---
#24 Newhan
Urban Land
Complex -- See ratings for individual soil --
#25
Wando f ine 6.0'
None
Very rapid
sand
20"/hr.
#26
Conaby soils 0 to 1.0'
Surface
Rapid 6.3"/hr.
'
pQnding
#27
Echaw fine 2.5 to 5.0'
None
Rapid 6.3"/hr.
sand
#28
f ine 6.0'
None
6.3"/hr.
sand
Rureb
Rapid
#29
Currituck 0 to 2.0'
Frequent (monthly)
Rapid 6.3"/hr.
soils,
high
'
#30
Bohicket 0 to 3.0'
F:equent 'daily)
Slcw 0.06"/hr,

.' Table 2.3.2.1j, Oontinued
DEGREE AND KIND OF LIMITATION FOR STATED USE
MAP SYMBOL,
LAND TYPES
DWELLINGS
STREETS
& ROADS
SEPTIC TANK
FILTER FIELD
'
#1 Beach, occa-
on sially flooded
Very severe/
flooding
Very
flooding
severe/
Very
flooding
severe/
#2 Leon fine
Severe/high
Severe/high
Very
severe/
'
sand
water table
water
table
igh
water table
#3 Beach-
Very severe/
Very
severe/
Very
severe
Foredune
Association
flooding
flooding
flooding
44 Bohicket
Very severe/
Very
severe/
Very
severe/
'
so -its, low
flooding wet
flooding
wet
flooding
wet
Very severe/
Very
severe/
Very
severe/
'5
Tidal Flats
flooding wet/
flooding
wet/
flooding/wet
#6 Carteret
Very -severe/
Very
severe/
Very
severe/
'
Soilsr low
flooding/wet
flooding/wet
flooding/wet
#7 Corolla
fine sand
Severe/wet
Severe/wet
SevereZmtl
#8 Corolla fine
sand. forested
Severe/wet
Severe/wet
Severe/wet
'
#9 Corolla -Duck -
stone Complex
Severe/wet
Severe/wet
Severe/wetl
'
#10 Dredge Spoil
Severe
Severe
Severel
#11 Hobonny
Very severe/
Very
severe/
Very
severe/
soils
flooding wet
flooding/wet
flooding
-wet
#12 Duckstone
'
fine sand
Sewere/mmt
Semere/`'mot
Severe�-iffltl
#13 Duckstone
fine sand,
forested
Severe/wet
Severe/wit
Severe/wetl
#14 Duneland Severe/unstable Severe/steep Severe/unstable
due to blowing slope, blowing due to blowing
sand sand sand
#15 Fripp fine
sand Severe floods Moderate floods Slightl

'
Table 2.3.2.1,, Continued
Degree and Kind of Limitation for
Stated Use
_
MAP SYMBCLP
LAND TYPES DWELLINGS
STREETS
& RDADS
SEPTIC TANK
FITTER FTELD
Very severe/
#16 Levy soils floods/wet
Very
floods/wet
severe/
Very severe/
floods/wet
'
#17 Madelan_d Severe
Sevc
:e
Severel
#18 Carteret Very severe/
Very
severe/
Very severe/
soilsr high flooding/wet
flooding/wet-
flooding wet
#19 Carteret Very severe/
Very
severe/
Very severe/
'
soils flooding/wet
flooding/wet
flooding/wet
#20 Currituck Very severe/
floodingZmt
Very
severe/
Very severe/
'
soils
floodingjwet
flooding/wet
#21 Newhan fine
sand Slight
Slight
Slightl
'
#22 Newnan -
Corolla Complex — -See
ratings
for individual
soil —
#23 Duneland-
Ne an Complex — See
ratings
for individual
soil —
#24 Newnan
Urban Land
Complex — See
ratings
for individual
soil —
#25 Wando fine
sand Slight
Slight
Slightl
'
#26 Conaby soils Very severe/
floods/wet
Very
floods/y+t
severe/
Very severe/
floods/wet
'
#27 Ediav fine Moderate/wetness
Moderate/wetness
Severe/wetnessl
sand blowing sand
#28 Kureb fine
sand
Slight Slight
Slightl
'
#29 Currituck
soils, high
Very severe/ Very severe/
floods/y-,t flx-jg/wet
Very severe/
floods/wet
'
#30 Bohicket
soils, high
Very severe/ Very severe/
floods/wet floods/wet
Very severe/
floods/wet
llhe sandy soils
are highly previous with questionable
filtering capacities.
'
Thus, contamination of groundwater is possible.

F
' 2.4 Climate/Rainfall Intensity and Duration-
2.4.1 Climatic Summary
' . The National Climate Data Center in Ashville, NC has compiled-
' a summary description of the area climate based on the Morehead
City, NC location somewhat northeast of the study area. That
' de::.�cription is found in Appendix B.
2.4.2 Rainfall Intensity/Duration
' Table 2.4.2.1 summarizes rainfall intensity and -duration data
' compiled from historicAl rainfall records by the U. S. Weather
Bureau and applicable to rainfall events in the southern coastal
' area of North Carolina including Emerald Isle. Annual rainfall
for Emerald Isle averages 52 inches.
2.5 Existing State Coastal Area Stormwater Control Regulations
' The N. C. Environmental Management Commission (NCEMC) adopted
regulations to control stormwater runoff on November 12, 1987.
The regulations have an effective date of January 1, 1988. The
' regulations impose certain constraints on development in the 20
coastal counties of North Carolina with special emphasis on
'
controls on development proximate to estuarine
waters classified
SA (for shellfishing) .
Following is a
summary of the
'
regulations. (Note: A
copy of the complete
regulations are
'
found in Appendix C.).
Stormwater control measures are required on
any development
'
activities in the area of
jurisdiction which r?-T ire a CAMA major
development permit or a
sedimentation/erosion
control plan with
'
the following exceptions:
1
2 - 4

w
re
TABLE 2.4.2.1
INCITES OF RAINFALL FOR VARIOUS RECURRENCE AND ACCUMULATION TIMES
FOR SOUTHERN COASTAL NORTH .CAROLINA
PERIOD OF RAINFALL COLLECTION
30 MIN
1 11R
2 HR
3 IIR
6 IIR
12 IIR
1 DAY
2 DAY
4 DAY
7 DAY
10 DAY
1 YEAR
1.2
1.6N
2.0
2.2
2.5
3.0
3.5
2 YEAR
1.6
2.0
2.4
2.5
3.0
4.0
4.5
5.5
6.0
7.0
8.0.
5 YEAR
2.0
2.4
3.0
3.5
4.0
5.0
.6.0
7.0
8.0
9.5
10.0
10 YEAR
2.2
2.8
3.5
4.0
4.5
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
12.0
25 YEAR
2.6
-3.4
4.0
4.5
5.0
6.5
8.0
9.0
11.0
13.0
14.0
50 YEAR
2.8
3.8
4.5
5.0
6.0
7.5
9.0
10.0
13.0
15.0
1.6.0
100 YEAR
3.0
4.0
5.0
5.5
7.0
8.5
10.0
12.0
15.0
17.0
17.0
SOURCES: Data for one day or less are from U.S. Department of Commerce,
Weather Bureau Technical Paper No. 40, Rainfall Frequency Atlas
of. the U.S., 1961'. '
Data for greater than one day are from U.S. Department of Commerce,
Weather Bureau Technical Paper No. 49, 2-10 Day Precipitation for
Return Periods of 2-100^years in the Contiguous U.S.

(1) The project site is one acre -or less;
(2) The project site drains to SA waters or unnamed
tributaries to SA waters and has a built.upon area of 25
'
percent or less;
(3)
The project site drains to waters other than SA and has
'
built upon area of 30 percEnt or less;
(4)
The runoff from the project site is controlled through
'
an off -site stormwater system meeting certain provisions
'
of the proposed regulations.and permitted; or
(5)
The Director of NCDEM certifies that the. site is
'
situated such that water quality standards and uses are
not threatened regardless of the type and degree of
'
development. _
'
Standard (non -innovative) stormwater control measures which
can be
approved according to the proposed regulations include:
'
(1)
Stormwater infiltration devices including infiltration
basins/ponds, swales, and porous pavement; and
'
(2)
Wet detention ponds.
'
For projects draining to Class SA waters, the following
design
criteria must be observed:
'
(1)
Direct outlet channels or pipes to SA waters are
prohibited unless otherwise permitted in accordance with
'
the regulations.
1
1
2 - 5

(2) Infiltration control systems must be designed to control
the runoff from all impervious surfaces generated by one
1./
and one-half (1.5) inches of rainfall. The size of
the system must take into account the runoff from any
impervious surfaces draining to the system.
(3) Runoff in excess of the design volume must flow overland
through a vegetative buffer with a minimum length of 50
feet measured from the mean high water line of SA
waters.,
For projects not draining to Class SA waters, the following
design criteria are to be used:
(1) Infiltration control systems must be designed to control
the runoff from all impervious surfaces generated by one
2./
(1) inch of rainfall. The size of the system must
take into account the runoff from any impervious
surfaces draining to the system.
(2) As a design alternative, wet detention ponds may be
designed for 85 percent removal of total suspended
solids.
(3) Additional control measures may be required on a
case -by -case basis to protect sensitive waters or
specific water uses.
l./ According to Table 2.4.2.1, this represents a 2-year storm of
30 minutes duration or a one year storm of one hour duration.
2./ According to Table 2.4.2.1, this represents a 1-year storm of
30 minutes duration.
2 - 6

tInfiltration systems may be designed -to provide infiltration
of the entire design rainfall volume required for a site or a
' series of successive systems may be utilized. Infiltration may
also be used to pretreat runoff to wet detention ponds. A wet
' detention pond can be used as a primary treatment device or as a
' secondary device following an infiltration'syster. Wet.detention
ponds must be designed for a specific pollutant removal according
' to modeling techniques approved by the Director of NCDEM.
— Vegetative buffers can be used as a non-structural method for
providing additional infiltration, filtering of pollutants and
' minimizing stormwater impacts.
The regulations allow for the application of innovative
' measures for controlling stormwater which are not well
' established through actual experience. Such measures may be
approved on a demonstration basis under the following conditions:
' (1) There is a reasonable expectation that the control
measures will be successful;
(2) The projects are not located near sensitive waters;
' (3) Monitoring requirements are included to verify the
performance of the control measures; and
' (4) Alternatives are available if the control measures fail.
2.6 Applicability of Existing Stormwater Control Regulations to
' Emerald Isle
' In view of the recent adoption of the final stormwater
regulations by NCDEM, preliminary designs and control strategies
' developed in this plan will be based on the following set of
assumptions:
1
2 - 7

e Applicability of State stormwater control regulations to
all of Emerald Isle.
•Appropriate and applicable exemption criteria of the
adopted regulations.
• A "design storm" of 2 years, 30 minutes duration (1.5
inches of rain) which Is the worst case situation imposed
by the adopted regulations for discharges to SA waters.
Figure 2.6.1 presents a flow chart which illustrates how one
works through_ the design of stormwater control system for any
site at Emerald Isle.

IS PROJECT LOCATED IN COASTAL COUNTIES, INCLUDING BEAUFORT, BERTIE, BRUNSWICK, DESIGN BASED ON EROSION CONTROL
' CAMDEN, CARTERET, CHOWAN, CRAVEN, CURRITUCK, DARE, CATES, HERTFORD, HYDE, NEW IF NO ` REGULATIONS BY THE STATE OR LOCAL
HANOVER, ONSLOW, PAMLICO, PASQUOTANK, PENDER, PERQUIMANS, TYRRELL OR WASHING- PERMITTING AGENCY
TON?
t IF YES
IS PROJECT EXEMPT?
1. LESS THAN ONE ACRE.
2. DRAINS TO "SA" WATERS; BUILT UPON AREA < 25%
OR
SINGLE FAMILY LOTS _> 1/3-ACRE; BUILT UPON
AREA < 2500
AND
NO STORMWATER COLLECTION SYSTEM; BUILT UPON
AREA IS > 30 FEET FROM SURFACE WATER.
3. DRAINS TO WATERS OTHER THAN "SA"; BUILT UPON
AREA < 3096
OR
SINGLE FAMILY LOTS > 1/3-ACRE; BUILT UPON
AREA < 3000
AND
NO STORMWATER COLLECTION SYSTEM; BUILT UPON
AREA IS > 30 FEET FROM SURFACE WATERS.
4. CONTROLS RUNOFF WITH OFF -SITE STORMWATER
SYSTEM PER G.S. 143-215.1(D).
5. REDEVELOPMENT MEETS THE REQUIREMENTS AS
PRACTICAL.
6. MEETS PROVISIONS OF DEM EXCEPT HAS BOAT RAMPS
PUBLIC ROADS AND BRIDGES WHICH MINIMIZE
JMPERVIOUS SURFACES, AND DIVERT STORMWATER
AWAY FROM SURFACE WATERS AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE
TO MINIMIZE WATER QUALITY IMPACTS.
7. CERTIFIED BY DEM DIRECTOR THAT WATER QUALITY
NOT THREATENED.
A. NOT CLOSE TO SALINE WATERS OR FRESH
WATER NURSERY AREAS.
B. STORMWATER CONTROLS IN LIEU OF REQUIRE-
MENTS.
PROJECT DRAINS DIRECTLY TO "SA" WATERS
DIRECT OUTLET CHANNELS OR PIPES
PROHIBITED
INFILTRATION CONTROL SYSTEM RUNOFF
FROM ALL IMPERVIOUS SURFACES FOR
1-1/2" RAINFALL. MUST ALSO ACCOUNT
FOR ALL AREA DRAINING TO SYSTEM.
(REQUIREMENTS LISTED AT RIGHT)
VEGETATIVE FILTER REQUIRED FOR ALL
RUNOFF IN EXCESS OF THE 1-1/2"
RAINFALL. MINIMUM WIDTH 50 FEET TO
MEAN HIGH WATER OF "SA" WATERS.
PROJECT NOT DRAINING DIRECTLY TO I
"SA" WATERS
INFILTRATION SYSTEM
RUNOFF FROM ALL IMPERVIOUS SURFACES FOR 1"
RAINFALL. MUST ALSO ACCOUNT FOR ALL AREA
DRAINING TO SYSTEM.
1. MINIMUM 30 FEET FROM SURFACE WATERS;
50 FEET FOR "SA" WATERS.
2. MINIMUM 100 FEET FROM WATER SUPPLY
WELLS.
3. BOTTOM OF SYSTEM MINIMUM OF 2 FEET
ABOVE SEASONAL HIGH WATER TABLE.
4. RUNOFF IN EXCESS OF DESIGN VOLUME BY-
PASSES SYSTEM.
5. DRAW -DOWN WITHIN 5 DAYS HYDROGEOLOGIC
EVALUATION MAY BE REQUIRED.
6. SOILS MUST HAVE MINIMUM HYDRAULIC CON-
DUCTIVITY OF 0.52 INCHES PER HOUR.
7. NOT TO BE SITED ON OR IN FILL MATERIAL.
8. OBSERVATION WELL REQUIRED FOR SYSTEM
INSPECTION.
9. IF RUNOFF IS DIRECTED TO INFILTRATION
SYSTEMS DURING CONSTRUCTION, SYSTEM
MUST BE RESTORED TO MEET DESIGN SPECS.
WET DETENTION POND
85-PERCENT REMOVAL OF TOTAL SUSPENDED
SOLIDS IN THE PERMANENT POOL AND STORAGE
OF RUNOFF FROM A 1" RAINFALL ABOVE THE
PERMANENT POOL LEVEL.
1. DESIGN STORAGE VOLUME SHALL BE ABOVE
THE PERMANENT POOL.
2. POND DRAW -DOWN IN NOT LESS THAN 2 DAYS
AND NO MORE THAN 5 DAYS.
3. MEAN DEPTH IS 3 FEET.
4. INLET STRUCTURE MUST MINIMIZE TURBU-
LENCE USING BAFFLES OR OTHER DESIGN
FEATURES.
5. PRETREATMENT OF RUNOFF BY USE OF IN-
FILTRATION SWALES IS ENCOURAGED TO
MINIMIZE SEDIMENTATION.
VEGETATIVE FILTER
1. DISTRIBUTION DEVICE
2. MINIMUM WIDTH 30 FEET TO RECEIVING
STREAM
3.. NON -EROSIVE VELOCITY FOR 10-YEAR, 24-
HOUR STORM WITH A 10-YEAR, 1-HOUR IN-
TENSITY (SLOPE < 5ro).
3. NATURAL VEGETATION, GRASSES OR ARTIFI-
CIALLY PLANTED WETLAND VEGETATION.
0&M PLAN OR MANUAL REQUIRED,
RESPONSIBLE PARTY
FIGURE 2.6.1

'
SECTION 3: DRAINAGE STUDY METHODS
'
3.1 fg=r-42
Following the receipt of the corrected mylar topographic maps
from Landmark Engineering► Inc., all existing drainage structures
'
were located and plotted on tae topographic maps. After this,
the area within the Town limits was divided into drainage basins.
'
Due to the unique topography of Emerald Isle, there are few major
'
drainage basins per se.' --Instead the community is characterized
by a multiple series of relatively small subbasins as shown on
'
the map sheets (see Appendix A). A total of 191 subbasins are
identified on the maps. Each subbasin is identified with a num-
ber and the limits of the basins as defined are. shown on the 50
'
reduced size topographic map sheets which accompany this report.
Also shown on these maps are all existing drainage structures
that were located during the field survey segment of this study.
Once the drainage subbasins were defined, meetings were held
'
with Town personnel to identify the major problem areas (areas
'
where flooding and/or standing water occurred during the last
major storm event of November, 1985). These areas are evident on
'
the appended map sheets. Following the identification of the
major problem areas, alternatives for their proposed solution
were identified and analyzed (see Section 4) based on anticipated
'
run-off quantities.
3.2 B1dA—Q_��1�9 ns
'
Where applicable, the Rational Method was used to estimate
stormwater quantities expected within problem areas because of
' 3 - 1

the relatively small areas involved. As set .out in the basic
project requirementsr th-e stormwater quantities were developed
for each subbasin for- a 2-year recurrent interval rainfall event.
with a 24-hour -duration (4.5- inches of rain) . The basic formula
for the Rational Method is Q = ClAr in which 'IQ" represents the
peak run-off in cubic feet per second (cfa) , "C" is a run-off
coefficient depending on the physical characteristics of the
drainage area. "iw is the average rainfall intensity in inches
per hour (in./hr.) . and "A". is_. the size of the drainage area in
acres- (ac.) .
The use of the Rational Method is based on the following
assumptions:
(1) The peak rate of run-off at any point is a direct
function of the average rainfall intensity during the
time of concentration_to that point.
(2) The frequency of the peak discharge is the same as the
frequency
of
the average rainfall
intensity.
(3) The time
of
concentration is the
time required for the
run-off to become established and flow from the most
remote part of the drainage area to the point under
design.
The run-off coefficient "C" was calculated for each major
problem area using the relative degree of development. This
involved the development of a composite run-off coeff icienc for
each problem subbasin based on the percentage of different types
of surfaces in the drainage area. In other words► areas which
have a high degree of impervious surfaces (pavement, roofs, etc.)
3 - 2

r
' will have a higher composite run-off coefficient than areas with
lesser levels of such development. For the purposes of
preliminary engineering design of drai-nage improvements. a 7
composite runoff co -efficient _of 0 3 w5 as used.
The estimated quantities of stormwater run-off for each
' problem subbasin w..s tabulated for the 2-year design storm event.
Following the run-off calculationst an analysis of the existing
storm drainage system was developed using the two (2) year storm
' water quantities. The 2-year storm was selected as the
"preliminary design storm" because of the prohibitive costs
involved in sizing drainage systems for larger rainfall events.
Also, the 2-year storm was used because it forms the basis of
existing coastal stormwater regulations (see Section 2.5 above)
' and represents an effective control of the "first flush" of a
rainfall event which normally carries the bulk of pollutants to
the receiving waters.
- It should be noted here that it will not be technically
possible or economically feasible to design drainage systems or
controls to prevent all adverse effects of a similar 100-year
storm which affected Emerald Isle in 1985. However, designing
' systems and regulatory controls around the 2 year storm will
prevent an exacerbation of conditions which could turn a future
' 100 year rainfall event into a real disaster with a potential for
Y
severe loss of life and/or property. This approach, therefoe,
represents a realistic attempt to get the problem under control
' now before future development or redevelopment precludes cost
effective control measures.
3 3 C.-JA'u, CO _Wt��

SECTION 4 : IDENTIFICATION OF E KTMIM MAJOR MAINAGE PRCBLEM ARFAS AMID MMIR
' POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS
4.1 Priorization of Projects Erased on Severity of Need
A total of eight (8) major problem areas were identified during this
study.
The following criteria were used in determining the priority of the
projects recammended herein. The relative importance of each of the criteria
' is presented in descending order: -
• Public Safety: Does the drainage problem present a hazard to public
' safety? Can sufficient flooding occur to cause injury, drowning, or
limit evacuation of an area during severe storm events which will
1 preceed a hurricane or a northeaster of the 1962 "Ash Wednesday" storm
magnitude?
• Property Damage: Could drainage problems cause damage to private
property either by flooding or by erosion caused by high velocity
stormwater?
• Receiving Waters: Could the drainage problem cause problems in the
' receiving waters such as siltation, erosion or closure of shellfish
waters?
• Public Nuisance: Does the stormvater cause a nuisance to the public in
terms of minor flooding which would interfere with traffic or preclude
temporary use of parking areas?
In addition to these objective factors listed above, public inpat. frrn
citizens, Town officials and staff personnel, as gleaned fran several public
meetings, was used to modify or adjust priorities somewhat to conform to local
' 4 - 1

desires and needs. This "socio-political" factor is subjective in nature, but
nevertheless, influential in the development of final priorities for such
projects.
4.2 Listing of Problem Areas and -Possible Solutions
The following list of problem areas is presented in order of descending
priority based on the criteria presented in Section 4.1 above. The problem
areas are located on the topographic maps (see Appendix A):
(1) Coast Gzard Road (Near Reed Drive) - Refer to Maps 11 and 14.
• Problem: When this road floods it severely limits access to the
west end 'of Rnerald Isle and affects a large r miber of property
owners.
• Possible Solutions:
a. Raise the road.
b. Improve roadside ditch system with outlet to Highway 58.
Create small recharge areas instead of allowing it to collect
to one point.
c. Combination of a and b.
d. Restrict future development.
(2) Sand Castle/Doe/Deer Horn Area - Refer to Maps 11 and 14.
• Problem: Area flooding. -
• Possible Solutions:
a. Create roadside storage areas.
b. Ditch area to existing drainage system west of area.
c. Restrict future develcgnent.
(3) Ocean Drive (Cedar Tree to Matt Drive) - Refer to Map 36.
• Prcblem: Area and street flooding.
4 - 2

o Possible Solutions:
'
a. Raise road sufficiently to allow passage for emergency -
vehicles.
b. Create roadside ditch swale/storage area.
c. Construct lift statics with force main along with a spray
dispersal system cn the ocean. front.
d. In_ ose restrictions on future development.
(4)
_Ocean Drive (Fifth to Eighteenth Streets) - Refer to Maps 44, 45,
46, 47, 48 and 49 -
'
• Prablem/Soluticns•
(Same as No. 3).
(5)
Sand Castle (Pinewood -to
Sea Dunes) - Refer to Map 11.
'
• Problem: Area flooding.
• Possible Solution: Create roadside storage areas with ditch to
'
existing drainage system about cage block west.
(6)
Sound Drive (Bogue Inlet to Live oak) - Refer to Map 21.
• Problem: Area flooding.
'
• Possible Solutions:
a. Create roadside ditches/recharge area.
'
b. Restrict future development
(7)
Reed Drive (At Bayberry) - Refer to Map 19.
'
• Problem: Area flooding.
'
• Possible Solutions:
a. Swale construction.
tb.
Ccmnect to existing drainage system.
'
c. Restrict future development.
4 - 3

(8) Coast Guard Road (Island Circle) - Refer to Maps 3 and 4.
• Problem: Area flooding.
• Possible Solutions:
a. Ditch area between Coast Guard Road to Cbarnlel Drive.
b. Stabilize ditches recently constructed by the Town.
c. Restrict future development.
4.3 Recammmded Solutions/Estimated Costs
This section will be limited to the discussion of the most probable
solution for each identified problem area and the associated costs. It should
be emphasized here that the solutions proposed are preliminary and subject to
refinement by actual final design considerations which are yet not evident.
The general solution suggested, "restriction of future development, "
implies the use of developmental constraints imposed by a proposed stornwater
control ordinance
(see
Section 6.2--
following) .
It is
assumed
that these
constraints will
need
to be imposed
in addition
to the
following
recama-ended
structural improvements in order to provide effective stormwater management at
Emerald Isle.
4.3.1 ReccmTexded Solutions
(1) Coast Guard Road (Near Reed Drive) . Approximately 37 acres are
included in Drainage Area No. 54 which drains to a low area which is
bisected by Coast Guard Road. The runoff ("C") factor for the area
upon_ development is approximately 0.35 and estimated runoff
quantities are based on 4.5 .inches of -rainfall per stoi.m event. The
estimated storage requirement is about 210,000 cubic feet. 'This
volume of stormwater can be stored along the side of the road if a
portion of Coast Guard Road is raised some 18 inches. The storage ,
4 - 4 '

1
1
areas would simply consist of a swale with a series cf check dams to
'
retain the water and provide adequate time for infiltration. These
'
swales should be connected to North Carolina Highway 58 to provide
relief when the storage areas are completely full to prevent water
'
from standing on Coast Guard Road. The proposed improvements are
shown on Figure 4.3.1.1. It should be noted that extreme care will
'
have to be exercised during final design to
prevent additional
'
damage to the adjoining properties.
2 Sand Castle/Doe/Deer Born Area. This area is an interdunal trough
() g
'
with basically no natural discharge. Approximately 20 acres
contribute stormwater indicated as Drainage Area No. 51 on map
sheets 11 and 14 (see Appendix- A) . Based on. the same factors used
'
in the previous problem, the stormwater storage requirement has been
estimated at 113,000 cubic feet. This volume can be stored in road
'
side swales and a collector ditch. The collector ditch would
connect to an existing drainage system west of Conch Drive and would
'
provide a method to drain the area at a slow to moderate rate. A
'
careful analysis should be conducted during final design to
detennine the effect on. the existing drainage system. The proposed
'
improvements are shown on Figure 4.3.1.2.
(3) Ocean Drive (Cedar Tree to Matt Drive) . This low area is directly
behind the frontal dunes and the only outlet is by recharge to the
'
groundwater. About 26 acres drain to the low area ,.,.,'.,ere Ocean Drive
was constructed. Tim stonm Beater storage volume is estimated to be
'
150,000 cubic feet. The volume can be stored by raising the road
'
approximately 12 inches and providing road side swales. once the
4 - 5

1
1
1
1
1
f
i
1
1
1
1
1
m
±oo Soo FT.
BAR SCALE
14:01:911P�
DRAINAGE BASIN LIMIT
ROAD SIDE STORAGE AREA NEW DITCH
FORCE MAIN -FM-
RAISE EXIST. ROAD
TEMPORARY DISPERSAL MAIN TDM
STORM DRAIN PIPE +
TOWN OF EMERALD ISLE
CARTERET COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
FIGURE 4.3.1.1
PROPOSED , IMPROVEMENTS
COAST GUARD ROAD (NEAR REED DRIVE)
HENRY VON OESEN & ASSOCIATES
CONSULTING ENGINEERS & PLANNERS
WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA 28402

BAR SCALE
i
LEGEND r
i
DRAINAGE BASIN LIMIT
ROAD SIDE STORAGE AREA - 1
NEW DITCH
FORCE MAIN -FM
RAISE EXIST. ROAD
TEMPORARY DISPERSAL MAIN -TDM-
TOWN OF EMERALD ISLE
CARTERET COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
FIGURE 4.3.1.2
PROPOSED IMPROVEMENTS
SAND CASTLE /DOE/DEER HORN AREA
HENRY VON OESEN & ASSOCIATES
CONSULTING ENGINEERS & PLANNERS
WILMINGTON, NORT14 CAROLINA 28402

1
stornwater is stored, it should be dispersed on the ocean side of
' the dunes. To accomplish this a systen including a concrete sump,
portable pump, permanent forcemain and temporary dispersal mains
should be provided. This system could pump the stored stormNrater
' for dispersal. within 48 to 60 hours with no adverse impact on the
oceanfront. Consideration of the Town's existing equipment and,
' manpower should be included in the final design analysis to
' detennine the type of temporary equipment that best suits the Tcwn's
needs. die proposed improvements are shown on Figure 4.3.1.3.
' (4) Ocean Drive (Fifth to Eighteenth Streets). This section of Ocean
Drive is in the law area behind the frontal dunes and consists of
about 65 acres. The stormwater storage requirement of 370,000 cubic
' feet can be met by using roadside storage swales. 'There are two low
areas in the road which should be raised to facilitate access by
' emergency vehicles. To dispose of the stornwater, three (3)
'
permanent concrete sumps, portable pumps,
permanent forcemains and
temporary dispersal mains should be provided. This system could
'
pump the stored stornwater for dispersal
within 48 to 72 hours with
no adverse impact on the oceanfront.
During final design, the
'
operational sequence of the areas to be pumped
should be determined.
All portable pumps can probably be the same
size so that they will
be interchangeable between areas'L The temporary
dispersal main can
'
be designed to be easily moved fron one area to the next thereby
reducing the overall cost of the project.
The proposed improvements
are shown on Figure 4.3.1.4.
4 - 6

�I
1
I
f
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
I�
1
OCEAN
ATLANT �C
N
BAR SCALE
LEGEND
DRAINAGE BASIN LIMIT
ROAD SIDE STORAGE AREA -
NEW DITCH
FORCE MAIN -FM
RAISE EXIST. ROAD
TEMPORARY DISPERSAL MAIN -TDM-
TOWN OF EMERALD ISLE
CARTERET COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
FIGURE 4.3.1.3
PROPOSED IMPROVEMENTS
OCEAN DRIVE ( CEDAR TREE TO MATT DR.)
HENRY VON OESEN & ASSOCIATES
CONSULTING ENGINEERS & PLANNERS
WILMINGTON, NORTIi CAROLINA 26402
BAR SCALE
LEGEND
DRAINAGE BASIN LIMIT
ROAD SIDE STORAGE AREA -
NEW DITCH
FORCE MAIN -FM
RAISE EXIST. ROAD
TEMPORARY DISPERSAL MAIN -TDM-
TOWN OF EMERALD ISLE
CARTERET COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
FIGURE 4.3.1.3
PROPOSED IMPROVEMENTS
OCEAN DRIVE ( CEDAR TREE TO MATT DR.)
HENRY VON OESEN & ASSOCIATES
CONSULTING ENGINEERS & PLANNERS
WILMINGTON, NORTIi CAROLINA 26402

1
I
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
ATLANTIC _ OCEAN
.00 o mo _ too moo
.BAR SCALE
LEGEND
DRAINAGE BASIN LIMIT
ROAD SIDE STORAGE AREA NEW DITCH "
FORCE MAIN ---FM
RAISE EXIST. ROAD
TEMPORARY DISPERSAL MAIN —TDM—
TOWN OF EMERALD ISLE
CARTERET COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
w
cn FIGURE 4.3.1.4
z PROPOSED IMPROVEMENTS
J
= OCEAN DRIVE (5TH. TO 18 TH. STREETS)
V
F-
Q
HENRY VON OESEN & ASSOCIATES
CONSULTING ENGINEERS & PLANNERS
WILMINGTON, NORT14 CAROLINA 28402

(5) Sand Castle (Pinewood to Sea Dunes). This drainage area consists of
'
-over
10 acres which all drains to and ponds the road. This area
generates apprcccimately 57,000 cubic feet of stornwater. which needs
to be stored and removed fran the road area. By constructing road
'
side storage areas this flaw can be stored allowing travel on the
road. 9be storage areas should be connected to an existing drainage
'
area west of this area. A careful review of the affect of the
'
additional stoxirwater on the existing system should be conducted
during the final design process. Refer to Figure 4.3.1.5 for the
'
proposed inpivvements •
(6) Sound Drive (Hogue Inlet to Live Oak). This 18.6 acre tract drains
'
to four (4) low areas with 6.4 acres draining to a low area which
'
encarpasses Sound Drive. This 6.4 acre area of mainly undeveloped
real estate generates approximately 36,300 cubic feet of stornwater
'
in a 24 hour period. This volume can be stored in road side swales
allowing for infiltration and use of the road by vehicles. However,
'
additional development is only going to aggravate the current
'
situation. Therefore, individual property owners should be required
to install devices and systems which will reduce the impact on the
stormwater in this area. The.proposedimprovements are shown on
Figure 4.3.1.6.
'
(7) Reed Drive (At Bayberry). This area is only a portion of a much
'
larger area with an existing drainage system. The area is composed
of numerous small low interdunal trough areas. A storage volume of
'
50,000 cubic feet can be handled with road side storage and
connection to the existing drainage system. The existing drainage
4-7

0
..BAR SCALE
LEGEND
DRAINAGE BASIN LIMIT
ROAD SIDE STORAGE AREA -
NEW DITCH
FORCE MAIN -FM
RAISE EXIST. ROAD
TEMPORARY DISPERSAL MAIN -TDM-
.
TOWN OF EMERALD ISLE
CARTERET COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
FIGURE 4.3.1.5
PROPOSED IMPROVEMENTS
SAND CASTLE (PI NEWOOD TO SEA DUNES)
HENRY VON OESEN & ASSOCIATES
CONSULTING ENGINEERS & PLANNERS
WILMINGTON, NORT1 CAROLINA 28402

I
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
sooNo
ea��E
a
N
• t
1
• i
f }
• I
i
t
. i
ao o m +^o 00
t
....BAR SCALE
LEGEND
DRAINAGE BASIN LIMIT
ROAD SIDE STORAGE AREA —
NEW DITCH
FORCE MAIN — FM
RAISE EXIST. ROAD '
TEMPORARY DISPERSAL MAIN —TDM—
TOWN OF EMERALD ISLE
CARTERET COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
FIGURE 4.3.1.6
PROPOSED IMPROVEMENTS
SOUND DRIVE(BOGUE INLET TO LIVE OAK)
HENRY VON OESEN & ASSOCIATES
CONSULTING ENGINEERS & PLANNERS
WILMINGTON, NORT14 CAROLINA 28402

system will eventually drain out the area, however, a detailed
' analysis during final design will help determine the effect of the
' additional stormwater.. Refer to Figure 4.3.1.7 for the proposed
iaprovements.
(8) Coast Guard Road (Island Circle) . The Town recently completed a
road side ditch on both sides of Island Circle and on the east side
' of Coast Guard Road in the area. The ditch flows to an existing low
area north of the project area. This project consists of additional
stormwater swales and ditches. The proposed ditch locations are
,- shown ca Figure 4.3.1.8.
4.3.2 Preliminary Cost Estimates
' The following preliminary cost estimates have been prepared for the eight
' (8) problem areas previously discussed. Several of the solutions for the
problem areas may require easement acquisition. The costs associated with the
easements have not been included in these estimates due to uncertainties
regarding actual locations. Actual easement requirements should be determined
during final design.
(1) Coast Guard Road (Near Reed Drive)
' Road side storage swales $ 43,300
Road improvements 67,900
Grassing 4,400
' Storm drain pipe 3,000
Construction Subtotal $118,600
Contingency 23,700
' Technical Services 20,000
Total Project Cost $162,300
4 - 8

�R\�6
EMEE ALA
N
goo o m no :o
BAR SCALE
LEGEND
DRAINAGE BASIN LIMIT
ROAD SIDE STORAGE AREA —
NEW DITCH
FORCE MAIN —FM I
RAISE EXIST. ROAD
TEMPORARY DISPERSAL MAIN —TDM—
TOWN OF EMERALD ISLE
CARTERET COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
FIGURE . 4.3.1.7
PROPOSED IMPROVEMENTS
REED DRIVE (AT BAY BERRY)
HENRY VON OESEN & ASSOCIATES''
CONSULTING ENGINEERS & PLANNERS !
WILMINGTON, NORTFI CAROLINA 28402 i

e
f
rtj
1
6
t
1.
O
....BAR SCALE
t
LEGEND
DRAINAGE BASIN LIMIT
ROAD SIDE STORAGE AREA -
NEW DITCH
FORCE MAIN -FM-
RAISE EXIST. ROAD
TEMPORARY DISPERSAL MAIN -TDM-
TOWN & EMERALD ISLE
CARTERET COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
FIGURE 4.3.1.8
PROPOSED IMPROVEMENTS
COAST GUARD ROAD (ISLAND CIRCLE)
HENRY VON OESEN & ASSOCIATES
CONSULTING ENGINEERS A PLANNERS
WILMINGTON, NORT14 CAROLINA 28402

(2) Sand Castle/Doe/Deer Horn Area
Road side storage swales
$ 28,000
Collector ditch
14,400
Grassing
3,000
Storm drain pipe
2,400
Construction Subtotal
$ 47,800
Contingency
9,600
'
Technical Services
8,200
Total Project Cost
$ 65,600
'
(3) Ocean Drive (cedar Tree to Matt Drive)
Road side storage swales
Road improvements
$ 40,000
85,200
Grassing
3,000
Storm drain pipe
12,600
Concrete sump
20,000
Forcemain
3,600
Temporary dispersal main
12,000
'
Portable pump/trailer
10,000
Construction Subtotal
$186,400
Contingency
37,300
Technical Services
35,000
Total Project Cost
$258,700
'
(4). Ocean Drive (Fifth to Eighteenth Streets)
-Road side storage swales
$137,000
Road improvements
65,600
Grassing
10,500
Storm drain pipe
49,900
Concrete sumps (3)
60,000
Forceimin
5,400
Temporary dispersal main
30,000
Portable pump/trailer
10,000
'
Construction Subtotal
$368,400
Contingency
73,600
'
Technical Services
62,000
'
Total Project Cost
$504,000
4 - 9

(5)
Sand Castle (Pinewood to -Sea Dunes)
Road side storage swales
$
21,100
'
Collector ditch
1,600
Grassing
1,500
Stone drain pipe
1,800
Construction Subtotal
$
26,000
Contingency
5,200
Technical Services
4,800
'
Total Project Cost
$
36,000
(6)
Sound Drive (Bogue Inlet to Live Oak)
'
Road side storage swales
$
20,700
Grassing
1,500
'
Storm drain pipe
1,800
Construction Subtotal
$
24,000
'
Contingency
4,800
Technical Services
4,500
'
Total Project Cost
$
33,300
'
(7)
Reed Drive (at Bayberry)
Road side storage swales
$
18,500
Grassing
1,500
'
Storm drain pipe
6,200
Construction Subtotal
$
26,200
Contingency
5,200
Technical Services
4,800
Total Project Cost
$
36,200
'
(8)
Coast Girard Road (Island Ci.rcle)
Road side storage swales
$
13,200
'
Collector ditch
22,400
Grassing
3,000
Storm drain pipe
1,200
'
Construction Subtotal
$
39,800
'
4 - 10

i
1
1
1
1
1
1
Contingency 81000
Technical Services 7,000
Total Project Cost $ 54,800
GRAM 'Ia AL ES LnIl%TED OJST
ALL EIGiT PROJECTS $1,150, 900 C4
n
4.3.3 Maintenance of Drainage Systems n C7
The drainage improvements recatmerraed herein will need to be maintained by
the Town. Periodically, sand deposits will have to be removed fran swales,
drainage pipes and pump sumps to insure optimal operation of these systems.
In addition, the portable pumps will need to be maintained and stored in a
state of readiness for use after heavy rains. Provisions need to be made in
annual budgets for such costs.
Drainage systems on private property must also be maintained. The
proposed stornwater control ordinance presented hereinafter (see Section 6 and
Appendix D:) accounts for this need in the form of an enforceable provision.
4 - 11

' SECTION 5: -PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION
5.1 fleMs-4-1
' The major drainage, problems, their recommended solutions and
their estimated (preliminary) costs have been identified in the
iprevious section. The projects have been prioritized. How to
implement and fund the corrective actions are discussed in this
' section.
5.2 P14.7�.�b�s.U1Ag
'
Each project should be implemented in order of priority
as
'
set forth in Section 4 above. Drainage projects are inherently
expensive and so it would be prudent to schedule only one to
two
'
or perhaps at the most three projects each fiscal year
for
design/construction until all eight (8) of the major problems
are
'
rectified. Because of the level of importance and the cost
of
'
the highest priority project, it may be best to proceed with
it
as the initial project in the series as a "test case"
for
'
implementation.
' 5 .3 .Prig g-t— Zan-d i g
'
At present,
there are no applicable active
state or federal
grant programs
that would provide matching
funds for the
'
construction of
drainage projects at Emerald
Isle. Thus, all
projects must be
accomplished with local funds.
One traditional
'
source of such
local funds would be General Fund Revenues
supported by Ad
Valorem taxes. This procedure
would distribute
1 5 1

the cost of drainage improvements to all of the property owners '
at Emerald Isle. However, not all property owners would receive
direct benefits from the identified improvements and so it could '
-possibly be argued that such a system would be "unfair".
Hence, in the interest of fairness and equitability, the '
basic premise in funding drainage improvements projects is that
"those who benefit share in the cost." Consistent with this
general premise is the funding tool of special assessments which
'
are defined in detail in Article 10 of the General Statutes
'
Section 160A-216 through 238. A special assessment program
appears to be the most equitable means to fund the eight (8)
,
identified major drainage projects defined above.
According to the General Statutes, assessments may be made on
,
the basis of:
,
(1) The frontage abutting on the project, at an equal rate
per foot of frontage (front foot assessment) ; or
,
_(2) - The area of land served, or subject to being served, by
the project, at an equal rate per unit of area (areal
,
assessment); or
(3) The value added to the land served by the project, or
subject to.being served by it, being the --difference
,
between the appraised value of the land without.
improvements as shown on the tax records of the county,
'
and the appraised value of the land. with improvements
'
according to the appraisal standards and rules adopted
by the county at its last revaluation, at an equal rate
'
per dollar of value added (value added assessment); or
5 - 2
'

(4) The number of lots servedr or subject to being servedo,
where the project involves extension of an existing
system to a residential or commercial subdivision,'at an
equal rate per lot (lot assessment); or
(5) A combination of two or more of these bases.
In cases where areal or value added assessments are selected,
' the unit of government may provide for the laying out of benefit
zones according to the distance of benefited property f r om the
project being undertaken, and may establish differing rates of
assessment to apply uniformly throughout each benefit zone. This
' provision appears to have merit in the case of Emerald Isle as
' those properties immediately adjacent to a drainage structure or
improvement may benefit more than those further remote from it.
' In any case, the General Statutes indicate that the unit of
government should endeavor to establish an assessment method from
among the alternative bases set out which will most accurately
' assess each lot or parcel of land according to the benefit
conferred upon it by the project. The local unit of government's
' decision as to the method of assessment will be final and
conclusive and not subject to further review or challenge..
The General Statutes also set forth the procedures in levying
' assessments which is summarized in order of occurrence as
f of l ow s :
•-: 4p _���1�� l v nA which defines the scope of the
project, basis for assessments, boundaries of the area to
be assessed, estimated cost of the project and the portion
5 - 3

to be paid by assessmentso, terms of paymentr and the 'date
'
of a public hearing. etc'.
•
P1ib�����9D�4�_� �4���� .Q.€_��� P.�S'�.l��A�.iy_B.��4�S71��4I1
'
•
�41i�1d�� .P1��.i.� B�.�t�D�4�.�.b� Ps��.�IniD�xY_.R.s�4�.��.�i�
'
•
A�7�P.� .F�ii��_R��4�1a�t�41�
•
�4A��d�� P.fd�?��� $��.I�Il�4� 1'Y��,�IP�D�3Y_A�.�.�����A� .�Q.�.�.
'
•
B�Y.���L�QDISL�_Bs���L��11 R4�.� (upon confirmation assess—
'
ment becomes a lien on all the property assessed).
•
1'111?�����4�.Qf_r%����_4� �QD,�4S�.���4A.4�_P�S������At_�4��
'
•
�4�.� e���4A.4� ��g��LngD��
In view of the nature of the drainage projects at Emerald
'
Isle.
it would appear that the areal assessment basis coupled
with
the designation of benefit zones best fits the situation.
Thus this funding approach is -recommended in this case.

SECTION 6: LOCAL REGULATORY CONTROL STRATEGIES.
6.1
Previous sections of this report have identified the major
existing drainage problems and cost effective, environmentally
sound engineered solutions have been proposed. An implementation
plan and funding arrangements have been identified. The focus in
this section is how best to prevent, insofar as possible, the
creation of future drainage problems. An effective control
strategy is identified and presented along with a suggested legal
mechanism of enforcement in the form of a local stormwater
control ordinance.
6.2����Y_QS_
The purpose of any control strategy relative to stormwater
and drainage is to prevent insofar as possible the creation of
additional drainage problems due to imprudent development. As
indicated in Section 1 above, the Town of Emerald Isle is
currently about 51 percent developed. Therefore► it is
imperative that an effective and enforceable control strategy be
developed as soon as possible to advance the Town into a posture
of enlightened prevention instead of that of belated reactions to
problems created by a lack of understanding of the drainage
situation at Emerald- Is.l e. _
The key issue of any control strategy revolves around the
fact that the unique interdunal trough groundwater recharge areas
identified on the topographic maps must be preserved in an
F�4

unaltered state wherever possible.
If these areas must be I
disturbed or altered to permit development, some alternative
engineered provision must be made to accommodate or balance out
their loss from the total system.
In cases where large undeveloped tracts contain identified
interdunal trough recharge areas, they should be preserved as
conservation/groundwater recharge areas. Developers can be given
credit for the designation of such areas as part of their overall
greenspace requirements. In essence, developers should be
encouraged
orr if
possible, required
to develop around the
interdunal
trough
recharge areas rather
than over them. This is
simply working with the environment instead of against it.
In some cases it may be necessary to enhance the drainage
capabilities of the- interdunal troughs by the selective removal
of accumulated organic materials which may prevent rapid recharge
of stormwater to the surficial sand aquifer. However, such
modifications -should only be allowed following appropriate
analyses of soil borings and an assessment of the local
hydrogeology of the system. Any control ordinance should
encourage the application of infiltration systems such as swales,
dutch drains, french drains, dry wells, etc. to diminish
stormwater quantities prior to ultimate discharge to the
interdunal trough recharge areas.
In the cases where small individually platted but as yet
undeveloped lots are covered in whole or in large measure by
interdunal trough recharge areas, a dilemma arises in classifying
such areas as conservation areas. In such cases, development of
6 - 2

L
that lot could be precluded by regulation. Thus, to prevent or
preclude possible legal challenges of a local stormwater control
ordinance which precludes development of all interdunal trough
recharge areas, some variance_ mechanism must be included as a
"safety valve" for such circumstances. Thus, if an interdunal
trough recharge area must be altered or filled to permit the
development of an individual lot, alternate provisions need to be
made to handle stormwater so as not to exacerbate drainage
problems on adjacent tracts of land. Possible solutions to the
problem are:
• Exemptions for minimal alterations of interdunal troughs on
single residential lots.
• Construction of stormwater retention basins where site
space exists for same."
• Use of supplemental infiltration sumps or ditches to
replace the interdunal trough functions.
• Pumping or gravity diversion of stormwater to an adjacent
interdunal trough recharge area or to a frontal dune
infiltration system.
• Use of porous pavement.
• Combination of one or more of the above techniques.
6.3 Draft Stormwater Control Ordinance
Several existing stormwater control ordinances were reviewed
relative to the Emerald Isle situation. None were found to be
directly applicable. However, certain elements from several are
considered applicable. Provisions from several model ordinances
6 - 3

were used to formulate the basic outline of a suggested ordinance '
for Emerald isle which is found in Appendix D.. Major points
include: '
• Consistency with the existing State Coastal Area Stormwater
Control Regulations relative to the need for permits,
--emphasis on the use of infiltration systems, applicability '
of the 2-year design storm, etc.
Requirement of submittal of a stormwater control plan for
the development of all sites exclusive of single '
residential lots or for single residential lots -which
involve any filling or alteration of interdunal troughs. ,
• Designation of all interdunal trough recharge areas in
parcels exceeding one acre as conservation zones. '
Developers must make all prudent efforts to prevent '
pr.e-emption of such areas for stormwater control or to
provide engineered alternatives. '
• Recognition of appropriate engineered alternatives for
stormwater control for single residential lots with
interdunal troughs to allow for development of such lots. '
• Application of minimum stormwater control standards for all
development. All development must provide infiltration '
systems to control runoff from 1.5 inches of rainfall or
less. '
e, No direct stormwater discharges to Bogue SounO , Archers '
Creek or to the Atlantic Ocean.
6 4

' The Stormwater Control Ordinance procedures also include the
development of a permit fee schedule based upon the relative
' complexity of the project and the 'need to formulate a Manual of
' Stormwater Management Practices. This latter document will
provide developers with practical guidance in 'designing and
' operating drainage systems consistent with the intent of. the
ordinance. The manual should contain basic design standards and
' specifications for infiltration basins and trenches, dry wells,
' porous asphalt pavement, vegetated swales with or without check,
dams, holding ponds, vegetative filter strips, etc. The
' following reference publications developed by the Maryland
' Department of Natural Resources should be especially useful in
this regard:
' • Maryland Standards and Specifications for Stormwater
Management Infiltration Practices (February, 1984).
' Maryland DNR, Annapolis, MD.
• Inspector's Guidelines Manual for Stormwater Management
Inf iltration Practices (December, 1985). Maryland DNR,
' Annapolis, MD.
Adoption of a final version of the suggested stormwater
' control ordinance should follow traditional procedures for the
' development and approval of local ordinances including ample
opportunities for public input and comment and appropriate legal
' reviews prior to final promulgation. A proposed schedule for
implementation follows:
6 - 5

Action
Completion Date
•
State adopts new Stormwater Control
Regulations
January
1, 1988
•
Complete draft of Public Comment
Version of local Stormwater Control
Ordinance
March 31, 1988
•
Public review of draft ordinance
(30 day
period)
•
Conduct public hearing on draft
ordinance
May 31,
1988
•
Revise draft ordinance to incorporate
results of public input
June 15,
1988
•
Complete legal reviews of final
version of ordinance
June 30,
1988
•
Adopt ordinance
July 15,
1988

' SECTION 7: SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
' 7.1 Summary and Conclusions
' Severe flooding due to heavy rains in November, 1985 prompted
the Town of Emerald Isle, NC to engage the services of Henry von
Oesen and Associates, Inc., Consulting Engineers and Planners, to
'
prepare a Drainage Master Plan. The resultant plan is based on a
set of fifty (50) aerial topographic maps at
a scale of
1" = 100
'
feet with .contour intervals of two (2) feet
which were
produced
by Landmark Engineering, Inc. of Cary, NC.
The maps,
reduced
'
versions of which accompany this report (see
Appendix
A), show
'
all existing drainage structures, the boundaries of
some 191
drainage subbasins, the locations of eight
(8) major
drainage
' problem areas and the locations of unique in terdunal trough
groundwater recharge areas. These latter geographic features
' constitute the major natural drainage "outlets" at Emerald Isle
and, therefore, deserve special protective measures.
The Town of Emerald Isle has been supplied the original
1 mylars of these topographic maps for its use in future planning
activities. Officials, staff persons, developers, architects,
' engineers and private citizens will find these maps extremely
' useful in planning projects at Emerald Isle. Henceforth all
future projects should show sensitivity to the need to preserve
' interdunal trough groundwater recharge areas.
For the eight (8) major drainage problem areas identified in
' Section 4 of this report, appropriate solutions are proposed and
preliminary cost estimates are presented. The total
' 7 - 1

(preliminary) cost of design/construction of all eight projects
is estimated at $1,150,900 exclusive of easements. Each of the
projects has-been assigned a priority based on the criteria of
public safety; property damage potential, impact on receiving
waters and public nuisance factors. It is proposed that -the
projects be funded by a program of areal assessments coupled with
the designation of benefit zones as detailed in Section 5 of the
report. This funding program is designed to equitably assess
-benefited property owners for the cost of drainage improvements.
Also included in the Drainage Master Plan is the basic
framework for a local regulatory strategy for stormwater control
to prevent, insofar as realistically possible, future drainage
problems caused by inappropriate or imprudent development
actions. The basis for the control strategy is a local
stormwater control ordinance which will require the submittal of
a stormwater management plan for each major development which
disturbs more than one (1) contiguous acre of land or for single
residential lots which contain interdunal troughs. The ordinance
is also designed to prevent destruction of the interdunal trough
groundwater recharge areas associated with major development
tracts and to mitigate their destruction in conjunction with
development of single family lots. All development will be
required to meet minimum infiltration system requirements.
Required stormwater control techniques presented in the ordinance
are based on and are in harmony with State Coastal Area
Stormwater Regulations promulgated by the N. C. Division of
Environmental Management's Environmental Management Commission.
7 - 2

1
A suggested schedule for the formulation,. review, public
comment on and adoption of the local stormwater control ordinance
is provided. According to the suggested schedule, the ordinance
should.be adopted by mid -July 1988.
7.2 Recommendations
The following recommendations are offered for consideration:
• In order to prevent a recurrence of the severe drainage
problems which became manifest in November, 1985, the Town
of Emerald Isle should immediately begin a progressive
rprogram of drainage improvements in the eight (8) problem
areas defined in this report.
1 • The highest priority project located at Coast Guard Road at
' Reed Drive should be designed and constructed first. This
project should be expedited in view of the severity of
need.
• The -drainage projects should be funded by a program of
areal assessments coupled with the designation of benefit
zones so as to equitably distribute project costs amongst
benefited property owners.
• Concurrent with the design and construction of the drainage
improvements in the identified problem areas, the Town
should proceed to adopt a local stormwater control
ordinance with the following basic features:
a. Conservation and protection of the interdunal trough
' groundwater recharge areas wherever possible.

b. Imposition of minimum infiltration system standards for
all development.
c. Requirement for submittal of a stormwater management
plan for the development of all new sites which exceed
one (1) contiguous acre and for the development of all'
single residential lots which involve the alteration of
interdunal troughs.
d. Prohibition of any direct stormwater discharges to
Bogue Sound, Archers Creek or to the Atlantic Ocean.
e. Recognition of appropriate/approvable engineered
alternatives to absolute conservation of interdunal
trough recharge areas in cases of single family lot
development.
f. Consistency with the State's Coastal Area Stormwater
Regulations relative to design criteria for
infiltration systems, allowable percentages of
impermeable surfaces, stormwater holding ponds, design
storms, etc.
The firm of Henry von Oesen and Associates, Inc. stands ready
to assist the Town of Emerald Isle to implement the above
recommendations.
Respectfully submitted,
HENRY VON OESEN AND ASSOCIATE , INC.
William E. Burnett
Environmental Planner
David E. Criser, P. E.
Project Engineer
olot%;2U4#:.I,C.tl
SEAL
11270
. 1
a ^i
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7 - 4 "�9J,/D E. C�Sa 6°0
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1
I
1

A
B
C
D
APPENDICES
TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS OF EMERALD ISLE
CLIMATIC SUMMARY
EXISTING COASTAL AREA STORMWATER CONTROL REGULATIONS
MODEL STORMWATER CONTROL ORDINANCE FOR EMERALD ISLE,
NORTH CAROLINA

APPENDIX A
TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS OF EMERALD ISLE

N
GENERAL NOTES
1. MAP COMPILED BY STEREOPHOTOGRAMMETRIC METHODS IN
ACCORDANCE WITH NATIONAL MAP ACCURACY STANDARDS.
2. GRID BASED ON NORTH CAROLINA STATE PLAN COORDINATE
SYSTEMS SOU IN ZONE 1927 M.A. DATUM
VERTICAL DATUM 1929 G.A.
3. CONTOURS ARE SUFERIMPCSEO CN AN ORTNOPHOTO BASE.
A. TOPOGRAPHIC MAP PREPARED SY LANDMARK ENGINEERING
COMPANY INC. P.O. 60R $68
LARY. N.C.
PROJECT NO. 06170 PHOTOGRAPHY DATE; MARCH.1966
SCALE; 1 I— • 100 IRRI
100 0 100 200 56i300
CONTOUR INTERVAL-2 FOOT
LEGEND
Us HIGHWAY BRIDGE I--�
INTERSTATE HIGHWAY r / SWAMP
N.C. STATE HIGHWAY
16>INDfY
CONTOUR
SECONDARY ROAD
SR 1523
INi ERMEDIATE CONTOUR
�_—
STREAMS• & 6HORE—E
-
APPROXIMATE CONTOUR
TOWN LIMIT
----
DEPRESSION CONTOUR�i
SPDT- ELEVATION
w 16.6
NEW CATCH BASUN/INLET
-
DRAINAGE BASIN LIMIT
—A—A—
EXIST. CATCH BAAIII—LET
_
ONAINAGE SUB -BASIN LIMIT—G—G—
NEW MANHOLE
NEW STORM OR.IN LINE
EXIST. MANHOLE
=z�=
EXIST STOIIMDNAIN LINE
===
DEPNESSON/RECHMRGEAREA
C
a
H
U
f
Q
- THE PPE—TICN Of THIS MAP WAS FINANCE] IN PART THROUGH A GA.T
PRDADED BY THE NORTH CiROLINA COASTAL MANAGEMENT PROGRAM ,
THP-JUGH `ND
PROV10E0 By THE COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT ACT OF 922,
AS :HIC .ME.NCEO. WHICH IS AOMINISTERED BY THE OFFICE OF OCEAN AND C:ASSL
RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMWISTP6TON.

T 2,57!,000
L2 _W,000
E 2.575.000
N
GENERAL NOTES
1. MAP COMPILED BY STEREOPNOTOGRAMHETRIC METHODS IN
ACCORDANCE WIT" NATIONAL MAP ACCURACY STANOINDS.
2. GRID BASED ON NORTH CAROL NA STATE PLAN COORONYTE
SYSTEM: SOUTH SOME 1927 N.A DATUM
VERTICAL DATUM 1929 G.A.
S. CONTOURS ARE SUPERIMPOSED ON AN ORTNOPHOTO BASE.
A. TOPOGRAPHIC MAP PREPARED BY LANDMARK ENGINEERING
COMPANY INC. P.O. BOX $68 CARY, M.C.
PROJECT NO. 06170. PHOTOGRAPHY DATE: MARCN,19B6
SCALE: I INBN • 100 /tit
.00 0 100 200 300
CONTOUR INTERVAL-2 FOOT
LEGEND
U S "IGNWAY +bYl BRIDGE ��
INTERSTATE HIGHWAY p SWAMP
N.C. STATE HIC-HWAY
<91
INOEY CONTOUR
SECONDARY ROAD
SH 1523
INTERMEDIATE CONTOUR
STREAMS B SNORE LINE
_
APPROXIMATE CONTOUR
TOWN LIMIt
-- --
DEPRESSION CONTOUR -i
SPOT ELEVATION
A 16.8
NEW CATCH BASIWINLET >e
DRAINAGE BASIN LIMIT
—A
EYIST. CATCH BASIN/INLET
DRAINAGE SUB-BASN LIMIT
—A—.—
.,IT,
MANHOLE
NEW STORM DRAIN LINE
EXIST. MANHOLE
EXIST. STORM CHAIN LINE
� = _=
OEPR MICH/RECHARGE AREA C
2
N
S
U
Q
TI-E RE%sRATX,N OF THIS MAP WAS F—%CE] N FAFT—a H A G;ANT
Sx TnE NORTH CAROLINA CGAS TAL MANAGEMENT F9CG.FAM ,
HFCJSn FJNDS PNOVICE] BY THE COASTAL ZGNE MANAGEVE'.T ACT OF $72,
a5 Avi ICED, WMCH IS AONINISTERE] BY THE OFF,CE OF GCEA.N AND C;AST.Al
RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATNOSFHEPIC ADMINISTRATION.
MATCH SHT. 3

E 2,'73,000
NO
M
E 2,f w.L0O
E 2,675,000
N
GENERAL NOTES
I. MAP COMPILED ST STEREOPNOTOGRAWETRIC METHODS IN
ACCORDANCE WITH NATIONAL MAP ACCURACY STANOAROS,
2, cmo "'CC ON NORTH CAROL IN. STATE PLAN COORDINATESYSTEY: SOOT. Zo.t
1921 IN . DATUM
VERTICAL DATUM 1929 O.A.
3. CONTOURS ARE SUPERIMPOSED ON AN ORTMOPHOTO BASE.
4. TOPOGRAPHIC INP PREPARED BY LANDMARK ENGINEERING
COMPA MY INC. P0. BOX 6S6 CARY. N.C.
PROVECT NO. 66170. PNOTOORAPMY DOTE: MARCH,1946
SCALE 1 1ns0 • 100 MH
I 0 XM 200 300
CONTOUR 1MTEAVAL-2 FOOT
LEGEND
u S HIGHWAY 8 BRIDGE r—If
INTERSTATE HIGHWAY p SWAMP
c INDEX conT
�I x. sidTE , xlGxwdr Q .;ua .-cEE��
^ � � � , � - 4. / ,.Yy°� � �"�• � � �'H "' ((G...���JJJ��(((�R ,•X6''. } y �F� SELONDdRY ROAD SR 1323 Ix TERME DIATE CONTOUR��-_Z
• /� _ .yl s t �t ..v .' S k n/6� . - STREAMS APPROXIMATE CONTOUR
i ' • �, ��,� L �' y �1E t_r, 4� � � :•: TOWN LIMIT ---- DEPRESSION CONTOUR
"�!•�y �� ���,yj •[ SPOT ELEVATION A 16.8 NEW CATCH SASIWMLET v�{�
T,F ��{•� � . - - �-� `�•.•� _��/r�v 'f�sj ��r���Nr� � � DRdINAGE 6d$iN LIMIT —R— � EXIST CATCH BASIN/INLET
DRAINAGE $UB-B44M LIMIT NEW MANHOLE �—
�!T+ • fd]a, y `{! /1 .' NEW STORM DRAIN LINE EXIST_ MANHOLE +--�—
A �I _ I�J��Ka T_.• T, .A ��� I� � U•- EXIST. STORY DRAIN LINE — -- DEPR6510WflEC1uR6EMEAC
N
H
2
V
H
Q
Z
'FE PBY TH iXN OF THIS MOP WAS FINANCED IN ?ART THROUGH A GRANT
PF GC GH BY THE NORTH By TIE HA COASTAL NE VA VE`I PROGRAM
0 ,
,. - VEH FUNDH PFO5 ACM BY THE COASTAL ZONE MANAXEINf N. CF 9AL
AE A.VEYCEO, WHICH E. ACMINIiONAL E THE D CE c pCEAN ANO C'nl5idl
FESCURCE MANAGEMENT, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMCSPNERIC KMINISTRATICN.

A
GENERAL NOTES
I. MAP COMPILED BY STEREOPHOTOGAAMMETRIC METHODS IN
ACCORDANCE WITH NATIONAL MAP ACCURACY STANDARDS.
2. GRID BASER ON WAIN CAROLINA STATE PLAN COORDINATE
SYSTEM: SOUTH ZONE 1927 N.A. DATUM
VERTICAL DATUM 1929 G.A.
3. CONTOURS ARE SUPERIMPOSED ON AN ORTHOPHOTO BASE.
♦. TOPOGRAPHIC MAP PREPARED BY LANDMARK ENGINEERING
COMPANY INC. 10. BOX 668 CAPT. KC.
PROJECT NO. 661T0. PNOTOGRAPMY DAT[: MARCH,1966
SCALE+ 1 inch • 100 IXXI
100 0 IDO 200 3 o
CONTOUR INTERVAL-2 F00T
LEGEND
U S. HIGHWAY ESQ BRIDGE t1 .
INTERSTATE HICHWAY po SWAMP , • _
N.C. STATE MICHWAY
Q
INDEX CONTOUR _All
SECONDARY ROAD
SR 1523
INTEF MEDIATE CONTOUR ���
STREAMS B SHORELINE
APPROXIMATE CONTOUR
TOWN LIMIT
----
DEPRESSION CONTOUR
SPOT ELEVATION
F 16.8
NEW CATCH BASIWINLET
DRAINAGE BASIN LIMIT
—A—A—
EXIST. CATCH BASIN/INLET �­0�_
DRAINAGE SUB -BASIN LIMIT
—y—A—
NEW MANHOLE
NEW STORM DRAIN LINE
EXIST. MANHOLE
EXIST. STORM DRAIN LINE
-- --
DEPRESSION/RECHARGEAREA C�
E PFEPAR . OF THIS MAP WAS FINANCE] IN PART TI:PO.GH A GRANT
PNC,ACE] Ev THE NORTH CAAOLINA COASTAL MANAGE'AENT PROGRAM,
THROUGH FUNDS PROVIDED BY THE COASTAL ZONE MAN ACEVENT ACT OF 1972.
AS AMENCEO. WHICH IS AOMINISTERE3 BY THE OFFICE OF U-AN AND =AS'AL
REE:,UR^_E MANAGEMENT, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION.

[ 2,5,5.000
E 2.576.000
N
GENERAL NOTES
I. MAP COMPILED BY STEREOPHOTOGRAAMETR IC METHODS IN
ACCORDANCE WITH NATIONAL MAP ACC URACT STANDARDS.
2. GRID BASED ON NORTH CAROLINA STATE PLAN COORO.-TE
SYSTEM. 50U TH ZONE 192T NA. DATUM
VERTICAL DATUM .929 D.A.
S. CONTOURS ARE SUPERIMPOSED ON AN ORTHOPHOTO USE.
R. TOPOGRAPHIC MAP PREPARED BY LANDMARK ENGINEERING
COMPANY INC. R0. BOX $68
CAPT. M.C.
PRO.IECT NO $61T0. PHOTOGRAPHY DATE; MARCH,1986
SCALE+ 1 ill' • 100 NM
100 0 100 200 !00
CONTOUR INTERVAL-2 FOOT
LEGEND
u. s. HIGHWAY ISRt BRIDGE
INTERSTATE HIGHWAY WW SWAMP .. • .
N. C STATE HIGHWAY
Q
INDEX CONTOUR
SECONDARY ROAD
SR 1523
INTERMEDIATE CONTOUR
STREAMS 6 SVORELINE
APPROXIMATE CONTOUR
TOWN LIMIT
----
DEPRESSION CONTOUR��
SPOT ELEVATION
A I6.B
NEW CATCH BASIWINLET
DRAINAGE BASIN LIMIT
—A—A—
EXIST. CATCH BASIN/.LET
DRAINAGE SUB-BASN LIMIT—e—G—
NEW MANHOLE ®!_�
NFW STORM DRAIN LINE
EXIST. MANHOLE �-
EX IST. STORM DRAIN LINE �= _= DEPRESSION/RE"FIGEAREA C
THE PREPARAT. OF
TH.S VAP WAS FNANCED :N PART THRCLOH A GRANT
PROADED BY THE NORTH aAACLINA COASTAL I—:GE`AEVT PROGRAN ,
THROUGH FUNDS PROVICEO BY THE COASTAL ZONE MANAGEN£VT ACT OF 972,
AS FMENDED, cared 15 ACMMISTERE] BY THE OFFICE CI` OCEAN AND COASTAL
NEST URCE MANAGEMENT, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION,
MATCH SHT. 6

I
I P
r
N
GENERAL NOTES
1. MAP COMPILED BY STEREOPHOTOGRAMNIETRIC METHODS IN
ACCORDANCE WITH NATIONAL YAP ACCURACY STANDARDS.
2. GID BASED ON NORTH CAAOLINR STATE PLAN COORDINATE
SYSTEM: SOUTH ZONE 1927 N.A DATUM
VERTICAL DATUM 1929 9.A.
S. CONTOURS ARE SUPERIMPOSED ON AN ORTHOPHOTO BASE.
R. TOPOGRAPHIC AMP PREPARED BY LANDMARK ENGINEERING
COMPANY INC. P.O. BOX $68 CART. N.C.
PROJECT NO. SGITO. PHOTOGRAPHY DAYS: MARCH, 1906
SCALE, I iAAN A 100 1011
100 O 100 —300 _ ]00
CONTOUR INTERVAL-2 FOOT
LEGEND
U.S. HIGHWAY IRS, BRIDGE
INTERSTATE HIGHWAY R / BWAMP
N.C. STATE HIGHWAY
Q
INDC% CONTOUfl
SECONDARY ROAD
SR 1523
INTERMEDIATE CONTOUR
STREAMS B SHORELINE
_ "'J
ARPROXIMATE CONTOUR
TOWN LIMIT
----
DEPRESSION CONTOUR
SPOT ELEVATION
% 16.6
NEW CATCH BASIN/INLET -
DRAINAGE BASIN LIMIT
—A—A—
EXIST CATCH BASIN/INLET -=
DRAINAGE SUB -BASIN LIMIT
— G —A—
NEW MANHOLE
NEW STORM DRAIN LINE
EXIST. MANHOLE _.na
EXIST. STORM GRAIN LINE
_ ===
DEPRESSION/RECHARGE AREA
THE PNEPARATICN Of THIS MAP WAS FINANCED IN PART THROUGH A GRANT
PRWIDEO BY THE NORTH CAROLINA COASTAL MANAGEMENT PROGRAM ,
THRWGN "NDW S PRICEO BY THE COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT ACT OF gTZ.
AS AME.%CEO. WHICH IS AWINISTERED BY THE OFFICE OF OCEAN AND COASTAL
RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC AWNLRTflATION.

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Q
f
S
V
a
N
GENERAL NOTES
I. MAP COMPILED BY STEREOPMOTOGRAMMETRIC METHODS IN
ACCORDANCE WITH NATIONAL MAP ACCURACY STANDARDS.
2. GRID BASED ON NORTH CAROLINA STATE PLAN COORDINATE
SYST E M� 30U TH ZONE 192? N.A. DATUM
VERTICAL DATUM $929 B.A.
3. CONTOURS ARE SUPERIMPOSED ON AN ORTHOPHOTO BASE.
A. TOPOGRAPHIC MAP PREPARED BV LANDMARK ENGINEERING
COMPANY INC. P.O. BOX 66B CAR,' M.C.
PRO/ECT NO. B61T0. PHOTOGRAPHY DATE: MARCH, 4996
SCALE: I inch • 100 hM
.00 0 XXl 200 3-0
CONTOUR INTERVAL-2 FOOT
LEGEND
U S. HIGHWAY 1<9 BRIDGE r-1
INTERSTATE HIGHWAY p / SWAMP , . 1.
N.C. STATE HICHWAY
O
INDEX CONTOUR
SECONDARY ROAD
SR 1523
INTERMEDIATE CONTOUR
STREAMS B SHORELINE
APPROXIMATE CONTOUR
TOWN LIMIT
----
DEPRESSION CONTOUR
SPOT ELEVATION
X 16.8
NEW CATCH BASIWINLET
DRAINAGE BASIN LIMIT
- • -A-
EXIST. CATCH BASIN/INLET
DRAINAGE SUS-BASW LIMIT
- A -A-
NEW MANHOLE
NEW STORM DRAIN LINE
EXIST. MANHOLE
EXIST. STORM DRAIN LINE
�= _=
DEPRESSION/RECHARGE AREA c J
THE PREPARA'CN CF THIS MAP WAS FINANCED IN PART THROWN A GRANT
PRL`/ILEJ By
THE CAROLINA COASTAL MANAGEMENT PRO GFAM ,
THPWGH FJNDS RRCv:C E] BY THE COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT ACT OF 1972,
AS AMENCEO. WHICH '.S MINISTERED BY THE OFFICE OF OCZ- AND COASTAL
F E5x1RCE MANAGEMENT, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC AZMINISTRATION.

180
ILI'
b�,c
MATCH SHT. 9
E 2,5BO.00O
E
N
GENERAL NOTES
I. AV COMPILED BY S NATIONAL
METHODS IN
ACCORDANCE WNATI ITH ONAL P ACCURACY STANDARDS.
2. GRID BASED ON NORTH CAROLINA STATE PLAN COORDINATESYSTEM: SOUTH ZONE $927 NA, DATUM
VERTICAL DATUM 1229 G.A.
3. CONTOURS ARE SUPERIMPOSED ON AN ORTHOPHOTO BASE.
A. TOPOGRAPHIC MAP PREPARED BY LANDMARK ENGINEERING
COMPANY INC. P.O. 60X 666 CARY. N.C.
PROJECT N0. 4
61T0. PHOTOGRAPHY DATE MARCH,1956
SCALE: 1 incA • .00 !!RI
100 0 100 200 300
CONTOUR INTERVAL-2 FOOT
LEGEND
U.S. HIGHWAY
L3
BRIDGE �Y
INTERSTATE HIGHWAY
®
SWAMP
N.C. STATE HIGHWAY
Q
INDEX CONTOUR
SECONDARY ROAD
SR 1523
INTERMEDIATE CONTOUR
STREAMS B SHORELINE
APPROXIMATE CONTOUR
TOWN LIMIT
--�
DEPRESSION CONTOUR �>
SPOT ELEVATION
F 16.8
NEW CATCH BASIN/INLET —
DRAINAGE BASIN LIMIT
—A—A—
EXIST CATCH BASIN/INLET
ORAINAGE $US —BASIN LIMIT
—A—A—
NEW MANHOLE —1—
NEW STORM DRAIN LINE
EXIST. MANHOLE
EXIST. STORM DRAIN LINE
=—_=
DEPRESSION/RECHARGEAREAC :�_)
THE PREPARATCN OF THIS MAP WAS FINANCED IN PART THROUGH A GRANT
PROV'OEO EY THE NORTH C.ROLINA COASTAL MANAGEMENT PROGRAM ,
THROUGH F;NCS PROVIDED BY THE COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT ACT OF 572,
AS AMENCEO, WHICH IS AOMIN15TERED BY THE OFFICE OF OCEAN AND COSTAL
RESOURCE MANAGE—, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC AOMWISTeL'T:CN.

E 2.STA000
RX
♦' r T A .y
MATCH SHT 8 E2,6TS,000
06 rcr-3• • T t � f
Zo
tl Sri J >• � t
T f �=6 F' pS 3t
t
1 T
N GENERAL NOTES
1. - COMPILED
BY STEREOINOTOG.ANMET.IC METHODS IN
ACCORDANCE WITH NATIONAL MAP ACCURACY STANDARDS.
2. GRID BASED ON NORTH CAROLINA STATE PLAN COORDINATE
SYSTEM' SOUTH ZONE 1927 M.A. DATUM
VERTICAL DATUM 1929 i
S. CONTOURS ARE SUPERIMPOSED ON AN ORTMOPNOTO USE.
A. TOPOGRAPHIC MAP PREPARED BY LANOMARN ENGINEERING
COMPANY INC. RQ BOX 666 CARY. N.C.
PROJECT NO, 66170. PHOTOGRAPHY DATE MARCH,1966
SCALE I I- • 100 1-
100 0 ICO 2000 200 300
00NTOUR INTERVAL-2 FOOT
LEGEND
u 5. HIGHWAY R BRIDGE r-=
INTERSTATE HIGHWAY n SIYAMP .. `.
N.C. STATE HIGHWAY
Q
INDEX CONTOUR —a,—
SECONDARY ROAD
SR ISIS
INTERMEDIATE CONTOUR
STREAMS 6 SHORELINE
APPROXIMATE CONTOUR--�`-
TOWN LIMIT
----
DEPRESSION CONTOUR �•_��
SPOT ELEVATION
X 16.6
NEW CATCH BASIRVINLET �>v
DRAINAGE BASIN LIMIT
A—
EXIST. CATCH BASINJINLET
DRAINAGE SUB -BASH LIMIT
-G-6—
NEW MANHOLE
NEW STORM DRAIN LINE
EXIST. MANHOLE =—=
EXIST. STORM ORAINLINE �= _= DEPRESSION/RECWWGE AREA
HF PREPARATION OF E MAP WAS FINANOE RT THROUGH A GRANT
PRO-3 BY THE NORTH C-ROLINA COAS MENT PROGRAM,
THROUGH FJNCS PRGV OE E COASTAL Z MANAGEMENT ACT OF 19T2.
AS JNEVCED. WXOH IS AC -TEiEO BY E -CE OF OCEAN AND COASTAL
RESOU'CE M—GEME.NT. N - GNAL OCEAN C AND ATMOSRXERIC AO.MINISTRATICN.

C21NQO00
E2,562,000
,p.
� 4
'�-}• yA F
� F � L •''t „F
s
tv ,r
-4
r
lm
{ . ` / }=�1,7 2 "=4'c 1 '+ rd #ma y' �� �i-.v' . ►• 1
y4i Syr I _G t nil
IF7*1
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GENERAL NOTES
I. MAP COMPILED BY STEREOPHOTOGRAHMETPIC METHODS IM
ACCORDANCE WIT. NATIONAL MAP ACCURACY STAN.... S.
2- GRID BASED ON NORTH CAROLINA STATE PLAN COORDINATE
SKYEY: SOUTH ZONE 1927 M.A. DATUM
VERTICAL DATUM 1929 G.A.
S. CONTOURS ARE 9UPERIMVOSEO ON AN ORTMOPMOTO BASE.
♦. TOPOGPAPNIC YAP PREPARED By LANDMARK ENGINEERING
COMPANY INC. P0. BOX 66B C..Y, N.C.
PROJECT NO. 06170. PHOTOGRAPHY ONTE: MARCH,1906
SCALE; 1 inch • 100 1—
too 0 — 200 �QO
CONTOUR INTERVAL-2 FOOT
LEGEND
U S HIGHWAY few BRIDGE
1.1051AIE .IGHWAY rU/ SWAMP , ; _ `
1.
AEC STATE HIGHWAY Q
INDEX CONTOUR
SECONDARY ROAD SR 1523
INTERMEDIATE CONTOUR ��_•
STREAMS B SHORELINE -
APPROXIMATE CONTOUR
TOWN LIMIT ----
DEPRESSION CONTOUR_
SPOT ELEVATION 116.6
NEW CATCH BASIWINLET
DRAINAGE BASIN LIMIT —•—A—
EXIST. CATCH BASN/INLET=
DRAINAGE SUB-BASN LIMIT —A —A—
NEW MANHOLE
NEW STORM DRAIN L N'E
EXIST. MANHOLE
EXIST. STORM GRAN LINE �= _=
DEPRESSION/9E.-HARGEIREAC
A_ n
N
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a
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T E A CN OF TN S MAP WAS FINANCED IN PART ­CI,GH A GRANT
PROV E NORTH C"POLINA COASTAL MA.NACEVENT=gCGPAM,
THRCI. S PRCIIOEO BY THE COASTAL -ONE VANACEVET ACT OF -2,
AS A N .S AOMNSTERE0 EY THE OFFCE CF OCE= AD C:NL
RESW..._ V ♦_�c.VE.NT, NATIONAL OC_ANIC AND ATMOSPHE=1C 4MNIS R 4Y
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GENERAL NOTES
1. MAP COMPILED BY STEREOPHOTOGRAMMETR IC METHODS IN
ACCORDANCE WITH NATIONAL MAP ACCURACY STANDARDS.
2. CRID BASED ON NORTH CAROLINA STATE PLAN COORDINATE
SYSTEM: SOV IN ZONE 1927 .A, DATUM
VERTICAL DATUM 1929 G.A.
S. CONTOURS ARE SUPERIMPOSED ON AN ORTHOPHOTO BASE.
R. TOPOGRAPHIC MAP PREPARED BY LANDMARK ENGINEERING
COMPANY
INC. PO. BOX 666 CARY, M.C.
PROJECT N0. 661T0. PHOTOGRAPHY DATE; MARCH.1986
SCALE: 1 I— a 100 19Rt
100 0 w 200 300
CONTOUR INTERVAL-2 FOOT
LEGEND
US NIG.- rR BRIDGE �Y
INTER5TATE H.GHWAY HW SWAMP • • I
N. C STATE HIGHWAY
O
INDEX CONTOUR -Ac'-
SECONDARY ROAD
SA 1523
INTERMEDIATE CONTOUR
STREAMS B SHORELINE
APPROXIMATE CONTOUR - _
TOWN LIMIT
-- - -
DEPRESSION CONTOUR��
SPOT ELEVATION
X 16.6
NEW CATCH BASIWINLET ■
DRAINAGE BASIN LIMIT
- A - A-
EXIST. CATCH BASIN/AiLET
DRAINAGE SUB-BASW LIMIT
- A - D -
NEW MANHOLE
NEW STORM DRAIN LINE
EXIST. MANHOLE
EXIST. STORM DRAIN LINE � - DEPRESSION/RECIVIRGE AREA c
THE PRE?uid-{N CE THIS MAP WAS FINANCED IN PART THRQ4M A G=<\T
Po DVICED BY THE NCRTH CARCLINS CCASTAL MANAGE.MEYT PRCGRAM ,
T-CUGH I:INCS PRGVICEO BY THE CCASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT ACT CF S72.
AS AME.NCID.'-a IS ACMIIASTER�.EC BY THE OFFICE ClCF OCEAN AND CCA
FE RCE MANAGEMENT, NATIONAL CCEINIC AND ATMCS?HE.NC ADMINBT T. CN.
MATCH SHT. 12

MATCH SHT. 11
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I. MAP COMPILED BY STEREOPHOTOGRAMMETRIC METHODS IN
ACCORDANCE WITH NATIONAL MAP ACCURACY STANOAnOS.
2.- GRID BASED ON NORTH CAROLINA STATE PLAN CGDROINATE
SYSTEM: SOUTH ZONE 1927 N.A. DATUM
VERTICAL DATVM 1929 O.A.
S. CONTOURS ARE SUPERIMPOSED ON AN ORTHOPNOTO BASE.
W. TOPOGRAPHIC MAP PREPARED BY LANDMARA ENGINEERING
COMPANY INC. RO.. BOX $66 GARY, N.C.
PROJECT NO. B6A0. PMOTOORAPHY OATS! MARCH,1966
SCALE: I mck F IGO 10H
100 0 XX! 200 J90
CONTOUR INTERVAL-2 FOOT
LEGEND
U S. HIGHWAY 6O BRIDGE
INTERSTATE HIGHWAY O SWAMP _ -A I
N. C. STATE HIGHWAY Q INDEX CONTOUR
SECONDARY ROAD SR 1523 INTERMEDIATE CONTOUR �y
STREAMS B SHORELINES APPROXIMATE CONTOUR
TOWN LIMIT DEPRESSION CONTOUR
SPOT ELEVATION X 16 B NEW CATCH BASIWINLET
DRAINAGE BASIN LIMIT — — — EXIST. CATCH BASIN/INLET
DRAINAGE SUB -BASH LIMIT —A—A— NEW MANHOLE
NEW STORM DRAIN LINE EXIST. MANHOLE
EXIST. STORM DRAINLINE �= _= DEPRESSION/RECHARGE AREA �-
-THE PREPARATION OF THIS MAP WAS FINANCED IN PART —CWH A GRANT
PPOVICED BY THE NORTH CAROLINA COASTAL MA —EVENT PROGRAM ,
THROOGH FJNDS PROVIDED BY THE CGAST L ZONE MANACEW%T ACT OF'AT2,
AS AMEYOED, WHICH IS ACMINISTER.S7
ED BY THE OFFICE OF OCEAN AND CCA-'.
RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ACMINIS—C'L

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GENERAL NOTES
I. MAP COMPILED BY STEREOPHOTOGNAMIETRIC METHODS
ACCORDANCE WITH NATIONAL MAP ACCURACT STANDAYD3.
2. W,D BASED ON NORTH CAROLINA STATE PLAN COORDINATE
SYSTEM: SOUTH ZONE 1927 N.A. UATUM
VERTICAL LATUN 1229 C.A.
3. CONTOURS ARE SUPERIMPOSED ON AN ORTMOPHOTO USE.
A. TOPOGRAPHIC MAP PREPARED By LANDMARK ENGINEERING
COMPANY INC. P.O. BOR 666 CARY. N.C.
rROJECT No. 66170. PHOTOGRAPHY DATE MARCH,13E6
SCALE I inch • 100 1-
IOo 0 IOD Zoo 3 D
CONTOUR INTERVAL-2 FOOT
LEGEND
U S HIGHWAY R 6RIEGE �1
INTERSTATE HIGHWAY R SWAM_-
N.C. STATE HIGHWAY
Q
INDEX CONT.:UR-pry\
SECONDARY ROAD
SR 15E3
INTERMEDIATE CONTOUR
STREAMS B SHORELINE
APPROXIMATE CONTOUR
TOWN LIMIT
----
DEPRESSION CONTOUR /--
L•+=a{�'—'
SPOT ELEVATION
A .6.8
NEW CATCH BASIN/INLET
DRAINAGE BASIN LIMIT
—A—A—
EXIST CATCH BASIN/INLET _
DRAINAGE SUB-BASHLIMIT
—O—C—
NEW MANHOLE 'ems
NEW STORM DRAIN LINE
EXIST. MANHOLE
EXIST. STORM DRAIN LINE
�= ==
DEPRESSION/NECHARGE AREA���
THE WE-+-T.CN - CEO N :AR--C GH A G=-NT
P-CVICEJ '_ THE NCPT+rC-+:llus C: _5 ''L V 'vT PSCGPaV ,
HPOUGH EJNCS P= =Y THE CC-S_
C r—ACEVE.NT ACT CR STZ,
AS AUENDED,'11CH S L M `STE-ED SY '+'_ CP-,CE Cl CCE-N AND CCAS--_
RESCURCE MAN-Gi MENT, NATIONAL OCEAVC A10 ATMCSPHERIC ACMINSTrL %.
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E2.59N.000 EE,995,000
MATCH SHT.25
C
E
I,
u
GENERAL NOTES
I, RUP COMPILED BY STEREOPHOTOGXuNAWITRIC METHODS IN
ACCORDANCE WITH NATIONAL MAP ACCURACY STANDARDS.
2. GAID BASED ON NORTH CAROLINA STATE PLAN COORDINATE
SnTEY- SOUTH ZONE 1921 NA --TUN
VERTICAL DATUM 1929 B.A.
!. CONTOURS ARE SUPERIMPOSED ON AN ORTHOPHOTO MSE.
A TOPOfAAMIC NAP MIERIAED BY LAND — ENGINEERING
COMPANY N1C. IB. BOX 960 CARY. N.C.
CROJECT Nc B61T0. PHOTOGRAPHY DATE'. MARCH,1966
SCALE 1 1aeN * 100 1aR1
100 0 100 zoo l00
CONTOUR INTERVAL-2 COOT
LEGEND
u 5 HIGHWAY ri�;t BRIDGE �Z
INTERSTATE HIGHwar MW SWAMP
N C. STATE HIGHWAY'
Q
INDEX CONT: UR—gf�L
SECONDARY ROAD
SR IS'A!
INTEhMEDIATE CONTOUR i�../��
STREAMS 5 SHORELINE
APPROXIMATE CONTOUR
TOWN LIMIT
DEPRESSION CONTOUR��
SPOT ELEVATION
X 16.8
NEW CATCH BASIWINLET
DRAINAGE BASIN LIMIT
—A—A—
EXIST. CATCH BASIN —LET _=
DRAINAGE SUB -BASIN LIMIT
—A—A—
NEW MANHOLE
NEW STORM DRAIN LINE
ERRST. MANHOLE
ENIST. STORM DRAIN LINE
�= _=
DEPRESlgW RECHARGE AREA
T CE—A-: OF T !S MAP WAS EINANCEO IN PART iNRO,GN A GRAYT
_TIE
BY THE - H .CARCLINA COASTAL MANAGEVENT PROGRAM
TH—CH FJNCS PRCVICE: BY THE CCASTAL ZONE MAVAGEVE OY @ �,
AS AMEYCEO, WHICH 15 ACMINISTEPEO BY THE OFFICE OF OCEAN AND CO .-
RESWRCE MANAGE VENT, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMIN6TAATION.

N
GENERAL NOTES
1 -1 COUPLED BY STEFEOP.OTOGRA.VEl- C VETHODi
ACCORDANCE WIT, NATIONAL MAP ACCURACY STANOARCS,
2. CHO BASED ON NORTH CANCLINA STATE PLAN OCOROINATE
SYSTEM :GNL -92? UATUM
_IICAL lar._N �N29 G A
S. CONTOURS ARE SUPERIMPOSED ON AN ORT,OPHUTO BASE.
♦ tOPOGRAPHIC MAW PREPARED BY LAND.— ENGINEERING
CO. ANT ANC PO BOX f68 �APY, x.C.
ERO,ECT NG. 66170. PHOTOGRAPHY CAPE- !_ARC., I
SCALE I �n<N IOC 1XM
10. C C0 EEO 3C0
C: TOUR INTERVAL-2 FOOT
LEGEND
d S HIGHWAY 6^© BRILGE �1
Ix/ERSTAIE HIGHwiv C / S.A.✓
N.0 STATE HICH'WAY
Q
INOCR f*NT, VR �_yf�\
jI
SECONDARY ROAD
SR 1823
1NTENMFDIATE CONTOUR =�
STREAMS B SHORELINE
"'�
APPROXIMATE CONTOUR
TOWN LIMIT
DEPRESSION CONTOUR
SPOT ELEVATION
F I6.8
NEW CATCH BASIWINLET
DRAINAGE BASIN LIMIT
—A—
EXIST. CATCH BASIN -LET
DRAINAGE SUB-SASW LIMIT
NEW MANHOLE
NEW STORM ORAIM LINE
EXIST. MANHOLE
EXIST. STORM GRAIN LINE
u
� =_=
DEPRESSION/RECHARGEAREAC
L
THE PPEPARATICH OF THIS MAP WAS FINANCED IN PART —CWH A GR .NT
PROVIDED 6Y THE NORTH C-RCLINA COASTAL .MA.NAGEVENT PF:GRA. ,
THROUGH F_NOS PRC-ED 3Y TIE COASTAL :ONE VANACENEUT ACT CF 972.
FE -MENCEC. WHICH S A:MINISTEPES BY THE OFFICE OF OCEAN -COA NO T-L
FSCUP.CE VANAGEVENT, NA-,NAL OCEANIC AND ATNOSPHERIC AC.W6TRATCh

E 2,39..000 E 2,33n,000 E 2,391.000
N
GENERAL NOTES
I MAP COYP.LED BY STE RECPwCTOGRI—ET',C METHGO1
ACCCROANCE WITw NAT.CMIIL MAP ACCUNACY S'- —S
1 +HID 3ASED ON NORTH CANpLIVA STATE Hta N ..ORDINATE
SYSTEM :NEA -'UM
utxf�: •L ..AI.M cto ;A
3. CONTOURS ARE SUPERIMPOSEO ON AN ORTHOPHpTO WAGE.
♦ TOPOGRAPHIC MAP RREPARED 91 LANONARx ENGINEERING
CJMPANT INC PO BOX 648 NARY, N.C.
I VO.ECT - BC,'G PHOTOGRAPHY LATE .,AP. ,1186
',CALF I ,ncn 1LI. IRRI
C MTOUR .NTEHVAI-2 FOOT
LEGEND
. S HIGHWAY /E© I.RIEGE �t
INTERGTAIE NIGHM♦T CVI .RAMH _
A C STATE NICHNAY
.4
INDEX
SECONDARY ROAD
SR ISk3
INTENMEDIATE CONTOUR
STREAMS B SHORELINE
APPROXIMATE CONTOUR
TOWN LIMIT
----
DEPRESSION CONTOUR
o
SPOT ELEVATION
♦ 16.8
NEW CATCH BASIN/INLET d—
4
III
DRAINAGE 8451N LIMIT
—A—A—
EXIST CATCH BASIN/.LET
DRAINAGE SUB18ASIN LIMIT
—AEG—
NEW MANHOLE
NEW STORM DRAIN LINE
EXIST. MANHOLE
EXIST. STORM DRAIN LINE
�= _=
DEPRESSION/RECHARGEAREAC��
—E iR.EaARAT.GV IF THIS MCP WAS FINANCE] N PART TIRO -CH A G-NT
�ROVICEO _v THE NO,— CAICLINA C_AS'AL MANAGEMEVT =— AM ,
-?.000H F'JNCS —ICED BY YHE CCAS-- ZONE MawIG 'T .ACT CF 912,
AS A.MEVGED,—CH IS ACMINISTE.REO 81 TIE OFFICE OF OCEAN AHO Cp S'SL
RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPME.RIC ACMINISTRATIpN,
=■
MATCH SHT. 27

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E2.396,000 MATCH SHT. 27 IEJZ.59;000
'R Wyl I
A: A'
j
GENERAL NOTES
- ACC:A%CE A - Na' -.IA- A- A C.i AC, -
A �. S'A
Z ;nip BISEO .0— �—IIIA STATE —I
A
y. C:NTIRS ARE SIPER-MPCiED �N AN OQ740R%CTO —E.
A I FOG.AP..0 MAP-E—rl 5, ...-.A.nv . EN311ILP1.0
C­0P ­ PO -CX EAH
h..� .61-D AP
SCALE I
Ol 3,0
CONTOUR kTE0lA­2 FOOT
LEGEND
. I HIGH—
PIPPILGE r—1
—ENS—PE NIGXWAY
Q
—A-
N, 1. STATE M.—
Q
INDEX CONTUR
SECONDARY ROAD
SA 5k3
HT kMEDIATE CONTOUR
STREAMS Ill SHORELINE
APPROXIMATE CONTOUR
TOWN LIMIT
DEPRESSION CONTOUR
SPOT ELEVATION
W IR.B
NEW CATCH BASIN/INLET
DRAINAGE BASIN LIMIT
—A—&—
EXIST. CATCH BASIN/INLET
DRAINAGE SUB-BASA LIMIT
—A —A—
NEW MANHOLE
NEW STORM GRAIN LINE
EXIST MANHOLE
EXIST. STORM DRAIN LIKE
DEPRESSIWREC URGE AREA
THE OF -S MAP WAS FINANCED IN PART TlP.CUGA A GRANT
"C" =Y -.E NO T 4 CAROLINA COASTAL NA—EMENT FRCGRAM
TKRCUGl F�NCS P�NIZE3 BY THE COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT ACT OF *72.
AS AME'JCE2, WHICH S ACNIHII-REO 91 THE CFF;CE OF CCEA. AND COASTAL
RE SCUFCs MANAGEMENT, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC AOMINISTRATION.

E2.79B.000 E2099.000 E2,600.000
N
GENERAL NOTES
1 MAP CONPILED BY STEPEOPNOTOGRAMMETRIC METHODS IN
ACCORDANCE WITH NATIONAL MAP ACCURACY STANDARDS.
2. GRID BASED ON MONTH CAROLINA STATE PLAN COORDINATE
SYSTEM SOUTH ZONE 1121 NA DATUM
VERTICAL DATUM 1..9 D.A.
S. CONTOURS ARE SUPERIMPOSED ON AN OATHOPMOTO BASE.
A TOPOGRAPHIC HAP PREPARED 61 LANDMARK ENGINEERING
COMPANY IHC. P0. 60. 666 CART. N.C.
PROJECT N0. 6617
0. PHOTOGRAPHY DATE; MARCH.1166
SCALE. 1 inch , 100 1—
100 0 100 200 S 0
CONTOUR INTERVAL-2 FOOT
LEGEND
U S HIGHWAY Ilew BRIDGE �S
INTERSTATE HIGHWAY
©
SWAMY
`__'
`_
N. C. STATE HIGHWAY
<5
INDEX CONTILIR —a,—
SECONDARY ROAD
SR I523
IN TEhMEDIATE CONTOUR
STREAMS B SHORELINE
APPROXIMATE CONTOUR - -'�`-
TOWN LIMIT
----
DEPRESSION CONTOUR
SPOT ELEVATION
X 16.1
NEW CATCH BASIWINLET s...a�
DRAINAGE BASIN LIMIT
-A—A—
EXIST CATCH BASIN/INLET �APPO�=
DRAINAGE SUS -BASIN LIMIT
-D—G—
NEW MANHOLE
NEW STORM DRAIN LINE
EXIST. MANHOLE '•-_�'-+"�=
EXIST. STORM DRAIN LINE —_ -- DEPFES5KWAECNAROEAREJl=_
-YF FF.c�A.�ATICN ;F T.:IS MAP I-S FINANCE] IN PAF-T-Ct GN A GRANT
21 NO— C_ CLI\_ COASTAL M_ - _MEP' PPOCRAV
TY 0C F,C~ FFCVICEC BY T,E CC -STAG ZONE NMANACENENT ACT OF IST3,
AS
-'CH 'S A:M:N'STERE: BY THE OFFICE OF OCEAN AND C-AS
FE=:u'.. MAN EVE%T, NATIONAL O:EANIC AND ATMCSP�E:TIC ACMINISTPAT:ON.
MATCH SHT. 30

E 2,SSS,000
�s
s
>
MATCH SHT. 29 Ez 599,000 E2,E 00. 000
f i.+,. •yss r .pry Et,,�R,�N.s"fir E.� r,•. , �+E iit fl ,t' tzflT,_�1ry�gyr /'ry',i�.. � '. c. e-- 1.•
,�'� d ♦! r 1y �4 "'lwrySp7 .•f� .� fa �E. o.. �(•!•+.4 ML"i�'M �.; ; ..•E
%
Els+
ARP
Ys•'•�i ~�j • ice, i �` 1 1
Jk
142
1
IF.
._-.R +rF
N GENERAL NOTES
I NAP COMP,LEO BY STEREOPHCYOGRAMVEYR C METHODS N
ACC CADANCE AT.
NATONAL MAP ACCURACY STANLANLS
2 3N0 311E0 CN NOATN CANOLINA STATE H,AY COORDINATE
"IT Eu -TH CC HE , A -ATUN
VERT ^Ac IAT,M A29 G A
5, CONTOURS ARE SUPERIMPOSED ON AN ORTHOPHOTO SASE.
♦ TOPOGIII.—C MAP PREPARED BY .ANLm ARK ENGINEERING
CUUPANY IIC PO DO- 6-0 All, N.C.
I HO, cl 111 •6110 PHOTOGRAPHY LATE 1.APCN, I.Bfi
YCaIE I ,ncn ICC I.RI
CONTOUR NTERVAL-2 FOOT
LEGEND
, 5 HIGHWAY 6U♦ HIOLGE �Y
INTERSTATE HGHWAY Ani, .w•MH ,:._
N.C. STATE NIPHWAY
O
INDEX TONT,U:o"CU. .
SECONDARY ROAD
SR 11,3
INTENME 111TE CONTOU0. -
$TREAMS G SHORELINE
-
APPROXIMATE CONTOUR
TOWN LIMIT
----
DEPRESSION CONTOUR
SPOT ELEVATION
A 16.E
NEW CATCH BASIN/INLET
DRAIN.E6E BASIN LIMIT
+ +�
ENIST CATCH SASIN/INLET � -
DRAINAGE SUB'DIS"LIMIT
-G—A�
NEW MANHOLE > �—
NEW STORM CRAIN LINE
EXIST. MANHOLE
EXIST. STORM DRAIN LINE
— =_=
DEPRESSION/RECHARGE AREA r
THE PRE-ARATION OF THIS MAP WAS F.NANCEO IN PART —0"" A GRANT
P OVIDEO BY THE NORTH CARCLINA COASTAL MANAGEMEXT PROGRAM ,
TNRCUGH .F:NOS PROVIDE) BY THE COASTAL ZONE MANAGESENT ACT
AS AME.NCEO,'WHICH 15 AGMINISTEREO BY THE OFFICE OF OCEAN AND CC AL
RESCORCE MANAGEVENT, NATIONAL OCEANIC ANO ATMOSPHERIC AOMR+STRAMN.

R
D
C
MATCH SHT. 32
N
GENERAL NOTES
I. MAP COMPILED BY STEREOPMOTOGRAMMETRIC METHODS IN
ACCORDANCE WITH NATIONAL MAP ACCURACY. STANDARDS.
2, GRID BASED ON NORTH CANOLINA STATE PLAN COORDINATE
-. SrSTE M. SOUTH SOME "" N A UATUM
VERTICAL DATUM 1929 G.A.
S. CONTOURS ARE SUPERIMPOSED ON AN ORTMOPNOTO BASE.
♦ TOPOWARNIC MAP PREPARED 91 LANDMARK ENGINEERING
CONRANY INC. P.O. BOX 668 CARY, N.C.
E ROJECT N0. 96IT0 PNOTOGRAPHY DATE; MARCH, I3BG
SCALE I InXA a 100 NM - -
I00 0 100 200 S00
CONTOUR INTERVAL-2 FOOT
LEGEND
U S HIGHWAY
G©
BRIDGE
INTERSTATE HIGHWAY.
©
SWAMH _ ---
N.C. STATE HIRHWAY
Q
INDEX CONT,.UR —aE
SECONDARY ROAD
SR 1513
INTERMEDIATE CONTOUR
STREAMS 8 SHORELINE
APPROXIMATE CONTOUR
TOWN LIMIT
---
DEPRESSION CONTOUR
SPOT ELEVATION
16.9
NEW CATCH BASIWINLET —d
DRAINAGE BASIN LIMIT
— A —A—
EXIST. CATCH BASIN/INLET
DRAINAGE SUB -BASH LIMIT
—A —A—
NEW MANHOLE
NEW STORM DRAIN LINE
EXIST. MANHOLE =——_
EXIST. STORM DRAIN LINE
� = _ =
DEPRESSION/RECHARGFAPEL C
THE PF eJATICN OF THIS MAP WAS FINANCE) IN PART THROJGH A GRANT
PROVIDED Elf THE NORTH CAROLINA COASTAL MANAGEMENT PROGRAM
THROUGH —CS PRCVICEO BY THE COASTAL -NE MANAGEMENT ACT OF 1972,
AS AME�ICED, WHICH IS ACMINISTEREO BT THE OFFICE OF OCEAN AND COASTAL
RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION -

SHT. 31
2 E 2,E02AD0
N
GENERAL NOTES
;GaP .ONO LEC. 9r SE-ECPNCTOGRAMMETR-C METNOD,
ACC II—CE W iN I.•C.vAL uaP A..+RACI STANCARCS
c ;NBC 3ASEO .v NOR•H CAHCLI VA STATE v:AN COORDINATE
SrST[N _:vE �-ZN A LATUM
.tn, AL .Ar. '"29 0A
I. ..NTOVRS ARE S'iVE—POSED ON AN ORTMOPN Cl BASE.
A "POGR—C MAP PREPARED Br ANLNa ENGINEERING
C;MVANr PO BOA ERN API. N.C.
+O.tt• .r NSi'0 PIOTCGRAPHY WE '..C.'I)BN
,_ALE . c+
C :'.•OUR N7E+1A.-2 FOOT
LEGEND
S HWHMAY
6�A
BRN 4E
INrERSYArE HIGHWAY
O
.wAwI,
N :. STATE HIFHwAY
O
INOEa 'ONTLUR
SECONDARY ROAD
SR ISi3
INTENMEOIArE CONTOUR
STREAMS B SHORELINE
��
APTMOXIMATE CONTOUR
TOWN LIMIT
----
DEPRESSION CONTOUR
O
8
SPOT ELEVATION
R IGA
NEW CATCH BASIWINLET >°
e
�
- DRAINAGE BASIN LIMIT
— • —A—
EXIST. CATCH BASIN/INLET
i
DRAINAGE SUB -SAS. LIMIT
NEW MANHOLE �
NEW STORM DRAIN LINE
EXIST. MANHOLE iar=
EXIST. STORM DRAIN LINE
� =_=
DEPRFO.1OWRECMARvt AREA
THE PREPJT N OF THIS .MAP WAS FINANCE] Iry PART T.1— A GAANT
DVICEO E THE NCPCAACLINA C,.ASTAL .MANAGEMENT PR.GPAM .
—MGM FYTn NCS P? V;CEO 9Y THE C.ASTAL -ONE MA E`.EVT ACT CF 9'2,
AS AMENCE3.'A— .S ACMINSTERED 9Y THE OFFICE CF OCEAN "0 C.A"'L
RESOURCE MANAGEMENT,%AT:ONAL OCEANIC AND ATYOSPNERIC d.MWIStRAT;ON.

11� ',- .!' � '� i++t},�'y } ��• tea=' `3 a`. � a � ;J.B• ,F �s
I;', � �=n',@•r �C� �'�'4 �F.` .. . • ,� �� � °fir i i�,�t,
e
iY.
r Q
r
- y
s
Wr
ilce
- :• ": '. .r, i"li'4 t i,.aa�'r} "g� ems, _. � 'b '"e w*� '' 4g¢
rig" x ..., a -.c. Y="`•. ; Y5`+�%{ t`. -
C Y •• iyp is-F sk. y -T
07
Mal
-
.
• r „ f { ao $ �t�✓k} ty4�FVIN
� 3� k
i uyx£ sue' Y'�'i•` l ,YS VpY-}..gY x•i,,FiKi. .r1aG _ -
- �.,t£�y. � a' r � k:. K y � rr`�'�`Z,•-4,�. •7U� _ £k i•'p'" F`, � t
{ " 4 :.k.a'a`�+.e^� ��A `it + a'<. ,�'.r F°'{r . .s-` } a.�i• r.,!:.e Sr. , z {
. r Yl f°' e q," -;�` -�f, � yyp^�: '4i tp�. �?{�s .".��� �. �r^y .n ';� a'Ni��k �,;ta +T "'•�.�( ,.� .,.1
r �'�•ry J. ,rvt' a . �. �'`'•:s,ri� ����r= ,s � • �. '..i"� r�i. :a s .-ytY{, _ .ti _R � .�
i.
f
41:}ir.: _ 3 a .,;;••t�i:1r i�c:r.
��;'�. "'`. rt�r yi''' e ye•.'bgy�l `' x�:;iq '*�;^
T.
S bsti •.l h � ''+''s���� Z �`�V ':+ '4 i�-.Tas �.31` K f �, t .'� >'.�j+y"s"`}���' �4 �'�; Z, f t�
t ?C4@'� � �'�'��. yr% -y-5 �,t�'Y -st♦ >tr. `Ss� .' ,ye
•, 41X � .� • �� .','.}�+si „� S •v� 3' << - - r�.. � Zip' �,. ' .
.� �^ h t. �w,..v .'k �:�.�' <i,,:s_ ik e: e-g:'+�1�.��' w� � ��v'�•.��'. �v �`� " '3,w.,�', �
} rt' l.'- l .arK _ity ^l Ti y 'i P•,$ `• '� t _ _ _ iey=. .• ''t.-
�r F � `'Kt - ,1�{ +r�3 •tom v: v �P t .\ � Y: , i t �•t'c. �P ° � ^, �'
40

E 2.E 03.000
E2,604,000 MATCH SHT. 33
F E.600.000
N
GENERAL NOTES
I MAP COMPILED BY STEREOPMOTOGRAMMETRIC METH003 IN
ACCORDANCE WITH NATIONAL MAP ACCURACY STANDARDS.
2, GRID BASED ON NORTH CAROLINA STATE LAN COORDINATE
SYSTEM. SOUTH ZONE 192? N A UATUM
VERTICAL DATLM 4929 G.A.
3. CONTOURS ARE SUPERIMPOSED ON AN ORTHOPNOTO BASE.
♦ TOPOGRAPHIC MAP PREPARED B/ LANDMARK ENGINEERING
COMPANY INC P.0 BOX 66B CAFY, N.C.
FRO+ECT N0. 86170. INOTOGRA-MY DATE. MARCM,1966
SCALE 1 -h a IOC F♦AI
IOO 0 1OO 2C� 300
CONTOUR INTERVAL-2 FOOT
LEGEND
y S HIGHWAY
INTERS—E HIGHWAY OU
SWSMM
N.C. STATE HICHWAT ©
INDEX CONTNUR
SECONDARY ROAD SR IS23
INTENMEDIATE CONTOUR
STREAMS 9 SHORELINE
APPROXIMATE CONTOUR
TOWN LIMIT ----
DEPRESSION CONTOUR
SPOT ELEVATION E 16.0
NEW CATCH BASIWINLET +ids
DRAINAGE BASIN LIMIT A — A—
EXIST. CATCH BASIN/WLET
DRAINAGE SUB-BASW LIMIT — 4 — L —
NEW MANHOLE
NEW STORM DRAIN LINE
EXIST. MANHOLE
EXIST. STORM DRAIN LINE �= ==
CFM ES.'IOW RCT. F AR3E AREA
0
PY
L
n
r:
It
THE RE —TX}. OF THIS MAP
WAS FIMANCEO IN PART THROUGH A GRANT
PROVICEO BY H CAFCLINA COASTAL M NACEMEST PROGRAM,
THR CCGH F 'S --CEO BY THE
COASTAL ZONE M NACENEST ACT OF A72,
AS cMEVCEONWHICH 'S ACRUNISTERE3
BY THE OFF.CE -F OCE-N AND COASTAL
FESOJRCE MANAGEMENT, NATIONAL
OCEANIC AND ATMCSPHERIC ADMINRT—CN.

m
777
Tel
MR
Oi-
51
24
14
if

E2.e=000 E2,BDB.000 MATCH SHT. 35 Es,aot000
' '•i ec �.
y N GENERAL NOTES
.1 .►-f •� _ L�•: � .N ! � ..�E[•a� �^4 •,f .•S• MAP CONM WST
LEJ B• ry owC METHODS
_ I CCCROA CE WITH
ATONAL MAP .CCU •CT$Pn0anC5
���-,�11•�". a y� / •�:a :•.0 IASED :n NJR•N ^aN "L ic.E -Al
_^_ORD:rYiE
t,'.'•• '• 'y _ •,.; !c Imo• SrSi[r I'A S
"T...nE v2- • :<rVN
` A • �' •t ,�'4 _1 ♦ It, ['^ �.y'•{ ,t'A��YL '��`Y' i •.� silo [AT-e29 0
�'t �'` ' �•.9 B • / �- lOUWO' _ ♦Sl�.lI_ /��=\ YI ,S - / ! , 1, CONTOURS ARE SUPERIMPOSED ON •N ORTNOPNOTO BASE.
\ • ; I Y 0•U! .r ♦ 'N.aa�aJ// ���1_ -I - Na R N IN ERIN
,j . � - L •C �A a �' .�•.' �.�,_ - _ 2_ ��{(��y a fJPOG 11 RU Mal PREPARED B` AND.A.. E Ge.: 4
�' , r , JA1� ✓ / �/ ' I ./� . A • f NOPECT INC B6 POO BOi 6iN PHOTOGRAPHY LATE PCN, IVB6
�..'.�� -� / �E �� -�\ ) •'ems;—� -IT A
1 ` '_' Y I 'R •.){{W_ �N \ ' ♦= C I ' - r W `A� B �' SCALE I cn - 100. I.r.
til " ` ,`may.~L/ • WIN
/ ��,' yA• 1•/ 1�'� '.• r'G . ► % t// r i I �` ���ro
�` r � `' ...-. ) i w- •' '� _• v Z �. J. - ,-r ! w,y•, f,• L a l ^_ - •� c` , s C,NTOUURR NrEPYAL-2 FOOT
_ " <� C[LAR TR[[ LAN[ J% _ • • E. �' ri di I• •) �t ' I ^ �y •��
•. + .tom./LLEVL �R- [• _ 3 r �t aY� R
yL •.� ! iWJ to ram'' J F.SM�' �' r _ y1•
ale -
LEGEND
,j.E R :s N.—p
1'Iw` ).Ya= o Y -- yi��es .{! B/�/�~{may • ~l- `i ��'�If�� _� P S NXILGE
[rE,11�i�t�R 'L'-r :nT• mTERSTArE HIGHWAY© sWAYP •_ _-
i, E ,� i' -� _- •,�• -� .ii ` �.ii - 1 �y'•�/ i�i ~i .i� ;. Y • L ' ; �.: N.C.O STATE HIGHWAY INDEX CaNTUUR
,a . -v Jw L y��y I ► ./ xP�-' v SECONDARY ROAD SR 1327 INTENME0IATE CONTOUR
STREAMS IS SHORELINE APPROXINATE CONTOUR
' t'' * t7 `��.,,I 1. f"�1 ?JP ri •�!'`r t��a .s T� is.- vu ! _
j�' t', �' ; �'� ��•r�•� - ` �jI TOWN LIMIT ---- DEPRESSION CONTOUR 1
�.!o _.. Ji • a nY �.41 "'�'• ��8� L .E, ����y{ �1 .� R_I1iEl�✓��'I �,91� '
_ - �� L ' /(.�`� L,NT,B '• .. st •qWM W-. �- _ __- SPOT ELEVATION . LLB NEW UTCH BASILET >
sl l� ` � i L � _ _ - i - �� ALL— � -• • '•••1� "\— • --- tom •� 5'•�-�' S�•F M• - - •, i
DRAINAGE BASIN LIMIT —.—A— EXIST CATCH BASIN/INLET
++"3X ` • L l-'�L t j • + 1'EL l/ DRAINAGE SUR•LASMLIYIT -A —A— NEW MANHOLE
LJ0.-
E .%�}' +S, till �.. \\\������---L �A'" ., E• :i x .
!•• •�+•� �� .nEP �jaN•• - NEW STORY DRAIN LINE _--- Eil3T. MANHOLE -z-�
1 • yB ,�}' � !- N�{..BA-Ift•- ,'/ •'A '. ��" -8+�/ 'F�-`� EXIST. STORY DRAIN LINE ----- '. VRESSIOWRECHAROE AREA C•��'�
win IL -A t� _ Pf.c� �`. •\.Tr.' �.. arTI /n`Li_. / •""- - -'
M8. r
...R, THE PAE�-i4CN OF THIS MAP WAS FINANCED IN PART THROUGH A GRANT
4 t:... mot; A•.:Y A�w,., rr+ -. r -: _; '�.;'�• r `� vt^-,�'. PFOG—
WE /� �Sj-s'�A" y �E
- � ,��''�`������
a. x) Y#3ORpea'—"".,�,.r�:��. n; ., tii _. - - �-�, ._.r -_ �r��.: �i.Sti ..�i"PP:y ,.�"' '�.C-... .:.• -

• �i.:+"..wr � �e wit+ x �s�:'�G.��'� •» •Q'r- ���r3 f .N,.�-.
...}�- .. - -' -- -- -•�.� �.�. — 7��-'����T�� ". T"-.' -- -.. � _ _- _.__ter --r._ _� � � -..--_ � � �. -- -• -- - '�V_
it l
.� � �`;• .
1 i•
.01
All
4 }�
Z
n;.
�; `'� q�%��� •�� „� � `tom ��,�..,. �_ � R �- ,�_.
i
S �
"/ 9��r�. 1` �1• - 3. }„ � Via:' C� a'2 A ,� y z tr,�„I"b'�i +'r.. -r, +
�.. r „' » , rf r • t Sar+-;vr SI 1.� l� J / �• 3�.r^l[,� ' •- -4
a F. - a - s9• - 3 �s.y'�4 :.� � , � y� � '�`A�t '� � j _ - y tea.
Ate; � ( * �/• � /
- �d•/ - '� �,�., ', � , r '� a _ E /'1. ' "_� - arm"'';►
t , _f-rh �,.� 1` `• Il^ � `\ `1 ,'+ • � 1 -� ��� - Jvf'`� 'i1��/•,C� I � ' /.� Y 11
1 t,
Uat1_
� �.2 � i _� � �_ 1.���-"l ^ �, � �'�� - �\/ j. � � 4 _ '../J-; `�� Q ♦1/1,•r y/J/���, / /v...J�� �� � ly,� ,,'.'L
e
,

MATCH SHT. 37 ES,D09,00
!
0 "m
E2EI0000
N GENERAL NOTES
Nan COMPILED By STE-EDPH0TOGRAMMETR C METHOD;
ACC CROAVCE a•TH NATCNAL Man ACCORACV S-ANCAROS
;HD 3,SED CN NOHrN ANGLIva ST�•E v CCOPOINATE
Sr>iFM
I.T M Y2S 6A
S. CONTOURS ARE SUPERIMPOSED ON AN ORTNOnNOTO BASE.
♦ TOnOGPAPN:C NAP PgEP1RED Br-AN:iMAgq ENGINf EKING
C.IMPANT HIC PO BCE ". �AHY, x. C.
I♦0.{f• .- A5:'D IIH0TC6q APMY Oi TF r.A ,Ii86
s.aLE I An - I.i IAAr
�• :.V. Z•' JCO
CONTOUR NrfH AL-2 FOOT
LEGEND
R ^
HIGHWAY 6© HRILGE
Ix rERSTAIE HlG-w HV) . AMH ..
N : STATE HIC-NWAY
Q
INDEX r'ONT,UR
SECONDART ROAD
SR ISMS
INTERMEDI6TE CONTOUR
STREAMS B SHORELINE
_
APPROXIMATE CONTOUR
TOWN LIMIT
----
DEPRESSION CONTOUR
SPOT ELEVATION
X 16.8
NEW CATCH BA51H/INLET >o
DRAINAGE BASIN LIMIT
—A—A—
EXIST. CATCH BASIN/INLET P__=
DRAINAGE SUB-BASN LIMIT
—A—A—
NE w MANHOLE
NEW STORM DRAIN LINE
EXIST. MANHOLE
EXIST. STORM DRAIN LINE � =_= DEPRESSION/RECNARGEARFA�
O
O
2
2
U
E-
a
Z
THE PPE-ARATC.M CF 1,15 MAP AS F-NANCEO IN PART I.OLDH A GP NT
K OVICED BY THE NOR­CARCLINA COASTAL MANAGEMENT PRCGPA. ,
THROLGH P,NCS PRCVICEJ BY THE COASTAL ZONE MANAGE>E ACT OF IST2.
A=ME`ICEJ.'WITCH S ACMIN15TERE2 SY THE OFFCE CF OCEAN AND CCAST>L
RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, HATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHEPIC ADMINISTRATCN,

i.ri`�i '� - yq"�$ ).e� '� fi!a v.•,�,; �7� � - t ii. �L �i t. �1� h�->'..
`.YD 4 ��.� � ? �>.. �{�3 a "F . 4•+�'s,.::� ; , tya-•'ir yet -s: i'�i�e :' �hs S�
r3 7�,,.. S•'��. ''� t �� aL � 3,;�'{"f ��c. t�}r��,� �?„�,'3�ifr•?� u Y `�', ��� 3� 4;)� �c � .i
21
ta�.'.�'%�4'"�3+�Y�,'1 „�z �����'l . �t+f'•`'�R'` �i�aV�i^�-�`+.Y^' '.b r}
.s34` 1 -
�,• a r ,rs.S..� 'a''t'gk � an r s,.�.s+;y, € ' •'� ,,
's* i f F ,°
K t y ♦y
y „ ,
• i r` 'r�
♦♦ tt
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LEGEND
GENERAL NOTES
I NAP COAPILED BY STEREOPMOTOGRAAMETRIC METHODS IN
ACC 0ROANCE WITH NATIONAL MAP ACCURACY STANDARDS.
E GR-D BASED ON NORTH CAROL IA STATE PLAN COORDINATE
SYSTEM SOUTH :ONE 192' 1. A 11ATUM
VERTICAL LATLM 1929 G A.
S CONTOURS ARE SUPERIMPOSED ON AN ORTHOPHOTO BASE.
♦ TOOOGRAPHIC MAP PREPARED Of LANDMARK ENGINEERING
COMPANY INC PO BOY BSB CARPI N.C.
ERO"ECT NG. 96110 PNOTOGRAPNY D♦TE uARCM, 1916
SCALE I Inch . IOC fRP1
100 C O
CONTOUR INTERVAL-2 FOOT
_ S HIGHWAY
p
NRN GE �Y
INIEAS+ARE N1GNW41
O
CA—
N . STATE 14.1-1
O
INDEX
SECONDARY ROAD
SR 15k3
INYEHMETIATE CONTOUR
STREAMS B SHORELINE
APPROXIMATE CONTOUR
TOWN LIMIT
-- --
DEPRESSION CONTOUR
`—--
SPOT ELEVATION
A 169
NEW CATCH BASIWINLET
DRAINAGE BASIN LIM
— A — A—
EXIST CATCH BASINIWLET
DRAINAGE SUB -SAS" LIMIT
—G—L—
NEW MANHOLE
NEW STORM DRAIN LINE
EXIST MANHOLE
EXIST. STORM DRAIN LINE
�= _=
DEPFCS10W PECIURGF AREiL���
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•.IAP - o E, Y S-E-E-e_ _..:vvIT. - vE--'.:
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LEGEND
.I S N.C.—
6Q
I,RUGE �1
INEERSTATF HI -WAY
O
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INDEX IONT.UR
SECONDARY ROAD
SR IP2S
INTENMECIATE CONTOUR
STREAMS B SHORELINE
-
APPROXIMATE CONTOUR
TOWN LIMIT
DEPRESSION CONTOUR
SPOT ELEVATION
I .6.8
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DRAINAGE BASIN LIMIT
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�= __
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GENERAL NOTES
I MAP COMPILED BY STEREOPHOTOGRANMETRIC METHODS IN
ACC OROANCE WITH NATIONAL MAP ACCURACY STANDARDS.
2 GRID BASED ON NORTH CAROL I NA STATE PLAN COORDINATE
SYSTEM. SOUTH ZONE 1927 NA UATUM
VERTICAL LATLM 1929 6 A.
S. CONTOURS ARE SUPERIMPOSED ON AN ORTNOPHOTO BASE.
TOPOGRAPHIC MAP PREPARED BY LA NDMARX ENGINEERING
COMPANY INC P0. BOX
668
CA AY, N.C.
{ROJECT NG. 06170 PHOTOGRAPHY DATE NARCM,1996
SCALE I In h - 100 1991
100 0 w 200 300
CONTOUR INTERVAL-2 TOOT
LEGEND
L S HIGHw4Y � ^�Q HRILGE ,� T—�
I-ERS TALE HIGIIW_T \ UI SWAMP ..
N L STATE HIGHWAY
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INDEX fONT.UR —o,—
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INTENMEDIATE CONTOUR
STREAMS B SHORELINE
_
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DEPRESSION CONTOUR
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� = = —
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0oc':taN 000'tt[N 91, '1HS HD1tlW 0001¢tcN

EL.C26,000 E2F24.000 E2.627.000
D
N
GENERAL NOTES
1. MAP COMPILED BY STEREOPMOTOGRAMMETRIC METHODSIN
ACCOROANCE WITH NATIONAL MAP ACCURACY STANDARDS.
2, GRID BASED ON MORTM CANOLINA STATE PLAN COORDINATE
SYSTEM. SOU IN ZONE 1927 N.A. UATUM
VERTICAL DATUM .929 G.A.
3. CONTOURS ARC SUPERIMPOSED ON AN ORTHOPMOTO BASE.
R. TOPOGRAPHIC YAP PREPARED BY LANDMARX ENGINEERING
COMPANY INC. P.O. BON 668
CARY. N.C.
FROAECT NO. 661T0. PHOTOGRAPHY DATE UAACH,13116
SCALE+ 1 s- • 100 /33I
100 O IW 200 �QO
CONTOUR INTE-L-2 FOOT
LEGEND
O S HIGHWAY 6^Q RRIAGE �1
INTERST.TE HIGHWAY C,P SWAMP
N.C. STATE HIGHWAY
Q
INDEX TONT,UR --,-
SECONDARY ROAD
SR 1U3
INTENMEDIATE CONTOUR
STREAMS 6 SHORELINE
APPROXIMATE CONTOUR
TOWN LIMIT
----
DEIRE5510N CONTOUR
SPOT ELEVATION
A 16.8
NEW CATCH BASIWINLET �-
DRAINAGE BASIN LIMIT
- A-
EXIST. CATCH BASIN/INLET _ =RD� P�
DRAINAGE SUS -BASIN LIMIT
-A-A-
NEW MANHOLE �
NEW STORM DRAIN LINE
EXIST. MANHOLE
EXIST. STORM DRAIN LINE
� = _ =
DEPRESSOR / RECHARGE AREA
THE PEEP-RA-CN CF 7:15 MAP WAS FiNANCEO IN PART THROUGH A GRANT
PF.OVICED SY THE VORTH C-aOLIN- COSS-AL MAN-GEVEVT 15CG-V ,
Tr R-1 F_NCS PP'.'ltCEO BY THE COASTAL ZONE -A EVE T ACT CF 572.
AS-.VE:VCEO. WMCH IS-CMINISTE.RED BY THE O-CE CF OCEAN AND COAST-L
RESWBCE M.:NAGENENT, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC AOMNST-CN.

E 21928,000
E2.62P,000
N
GENERAL NOTES
P COMPILED BY STERE-.CTOGRCMMETRIC METHOD; I.
ACCORDANCE WITH NATIONAL MCP ACCURACY STANUANDS
X, GH-D BASED On MORTH CANOLINA STATE PLAN COOHDPIATE
SYSTEM. SOUTH LONE IS2' N A UCT UN
VERTICAL LATLM 1929 6 A
S. CONTOURS ARE SUPERIMPOSED ON AN ORTHOPHOTO BASE.
TOPOGRAPHIC MAP PREPARED III LANDMARX ENGINEERING
COMPANY INC. P0. BOX 666 GAf Y, M.C.
1 NO'ECT N0. B61T0 PHOTOoRAANY DATE MARCH, 13$6
SCALE I ,n Ln _ IOC I 1
Io^ C ro0 22, _ 3 0
CONTOUR INTERVAL-2 FOOT
LEGEND
.5 HIG... I
60
NRII GE
IN+EFSTA IE HIC.Hw:Y
Q
_
11 _ STATE HIGHWAY
Q
INDEX rONT. OF
SECONDARY ROAD
SR lSk3
1NTE MMf CIATE CONTOUR
STREAMS B SHORELINE
APPROXIMATE CONTOUR
--....
TOWN LIMIT
DEPRESSION CONTOUR
SPOT ELEVATION
X .6.6
NEW CATCH BASIN/INLET
DRAINAGE BASIN LIMIT
—A—A—
EXIST. CATCH BASIN/INLET
==
DRAINAGE SUB -SAS. LIMIT
—AAA—
. NEW MANHOLE
NEW STORM DRAIN LINE
EXIST MANHOLE
EX IST. STORM DRAIN LINE
—= _=
DrPRFDR^'+/HFLHAHCE ARCA���
'A::CN CX THIS MAP WAS FINANCED IN PANT THPCWH A GRANT
'n CAROLIN'A COASTAL MANAGEVENT RN:GPAV ,
T.HR': G� Fr:,:! % V::E: By THE C'vASTAL :ONE MANAGEVE%T ACT OP -2,
1—H IS AOM111ISTEREO EY THE OFFICE f OCEAN AND CCAS:AL
P._5_J A .�A­—EVENT NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHEiIC AD—M. TION.

APPENDIX B
CLIMATIC SUMMARY

rr r r r rr rr �r rr rr rr r� rr rr rr rr rr r � r
DEG MIN DEG MIN
315830 MOREHEAD CITY, NC LAT: 34 44N LONG: 76 44W PERIOD: 1951-80
FREEZE DATA I GROWING DEGREE UNITS TO SELECTED BASE TEMPERATURES (F)
PROBABILITY OF LATER DATE IN SPRING (THRU JULY 31) THAN INDICATED(*)
BASE I GROWING DEGREE UNITS
SPRING FREEZE DATES (MO/DAY)
_
36
3116
3122
3/26
312E
4101
4/04
4/08
4/12
4/17
32
2/26
3/06
3111
3116
3120
3124
3129
4/03
4/11
28
1128
2/07
2/15
2/22
2/28
3106
3113
3/20
3/31
L 24
110
1/27
2/03
2/09
2/15
2/20
2116
3105
3/15
W 20
0/00
1/14
1/24
1/31
2/OS
2/11
2/16
2122
3/03
H 16
0100
0/00
0/00
O/00
1/12
1/24
2/01
2/09
2/19
PROBABILITY OF EARLIER DATE IN FALL (BEGINNING AUG 1) THAN INDICATED(*)
FALL FREEZE DATES (MO/DAY)
1i 36 10122 10127 10131 11/03 11/01, 11/10 11/13 11/17 11/22
32 11/03 11106 11/12 11/16 11/19 11122 11/25 11129 12/05
28 11110 11/17 11122 11/26 11129 12103 12/07 12112 12/19
24 11/19 11/27 12/03 12/OB 12/13 12/18 12/23 12/29 1/06
W 20 11/28 12113 12/21 1/O1 1/10 //20 1/31 2/17 0/00
1— 16 12129 1/09 1/17 1/27 2/08 0/00 0/00 0100 0/00
PROBABILITY OF LONGER THAN INDICATED FREEZE FREE PERIOD IDAYSI
_ FREEZE FREE PERIOD 1
1� 36 244 235 229 223 218 213 208 202 193
32 274 263 256 249 243 237 231 223 213
0. 28 317 302 291 282 274 265 256 246 253
= 24 340 327 315 306 29B 290 282 272 259
W 20 >365 >365 >36S >365 342 326 313 300 280
p.. 16 >365 >365 >365 >365 >365 >365 >365 346 331
(*)PROBABILITY OF OBSERVING A TEMPERATURE AS COLD, OR COLDER, LATER
IN THE SPRING OR EARLIER IN THE FALL THAN THE INDICATED DATE.
0/00 INDICATES THAT THE PROBABILITY OF OCCURRENCE OF THRESHOLD
TEMPERATURE IS LESS THAN INDICATED PROBABILITY.
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
SEP
OCT
NOV
DEC
ANN
M
223
221
411
649
924
1086
1232
1234
1069
808
500
292
8649
40
S
223
444
855
1504
2428
3514
4746
5980
7049
7857
8357
8649
M
125
125
271
500
769
936
1077
1079
919
653
358
175
6987
45
S
125
250
521
1021
1790
2726
3803
4882
5801
6454
6812
6987
M
58
58
154
352
614
786
922
924
769
500
230
92
5459
50
S
58
116
270
622
1236
2022
2944
3868
4637
5137
5367
5459
M
20
20
69
217
459
636
767
769
619
352
127
38
4093
55
S
20
40
109
326
785
1421
2188
2957
3576
3928
4055
4093
M
4
3
21
109
307
487
612
614
469
216
55
11
2908
60
S
4
7
28
137'
444
931
1543
2157
2626
2842
2897
2908
M = MONTHLY DATA
S =
SUM OF
MONTHLY
DATA
IGROWING DEGREE UNITS FOR CORN
0 M 112 113 221 389 617 778 900 897 760 520 290 157 5754
N S 112 225 446 835 1452 2230 3130 4027 4787 5307 5597 5754
NOTE: FOR CORN THE BASE IS 50. AND THE DEGREE UNITS ARE
ADJUSTED FOR TEMPERATURES BELOW 50 AND ABOVE 86
OTHER CLIMATOLOGICAL DATA ARE AVAILABLE IN A VARIETY OF SUMMARIES AND FORMATS, SUCH AS THE
CLIMATOGRAPHY OF THE UNITED STATES: NO. 60 — CLIMATE OF STATES: NO. 81 = MONTHLY NORMALS
(AND SUPPLEMENTS: ANNUAL DEGREE DAYS TO SELECTED BASES DERIVED FROM THE 1951—.80 NORMALS:
AND MONTHLY PRECIPITATION PROBABILITIES, SELECTED PROBABILITY LEVELS DERIVED FROM THE
1951-80 NORMALS): NO. 84 — DAILY NORMALS: NO. 65 — DIVISIONAL NORMALS. A VARIETY OF DATA
IS AVAILABLE EITHER ON MAGNETIC TAPE, MICROFICHE, OR PAPER COPY.
TO OBTAIN INFORMATION ABOUT CLIMATOLOGICAL DATA AND RELATED PUBLICATIONS,
CONTACT: .
DIRECTOR
NATIONAL CLIMATIC DATA CENTER
FEDERAL BUILDING
ASHEVILLE, NC 28801-2696
(OR TELEPHONE: [phone]
',M1 0, o° DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
+: '% NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION
NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL SATELLITE, DATA, AND INFORMATION SERVICE
NATIONAL CLIMATIC DATA CENTER
ASHEVILLE, NC
USCOMM-M0114-4SHCV1LLc, MC 7/04/200

CLIMATOGRAPHY OF THE UNITED STATES NO. 20
MOREHEAD CITY, NC
I CI I MATni nr.I CAI S IIMMARY
PERIOD: 1951-80
ELEVATION 10 FT
TF:MPFRATUR
I.Q ��S IIN.H CI
_
MEANS
EXTREMES
MEAN NUMBER
DEGREE DAYS
*
*
SNOW
MEAN
NUM
ER
M I N*
*
*MA
*
¢
¢
L
> J
>• J
s
J
lA
ff 0
n lil
j 3
L "S
0 2
(7 Ul
Z .O
(7 to
.D
>
J
}
L>
J J
L
F
W
O Ir
J L
J i
S
1.)
tl
r
R
>'
O
O
Z O
.Z-.
Z
rt
W
1-
Q
Q
la
1- J
Q
at
r
Z
Q
E
`t
M
O
O
~
O
U Z
a1
W
4
O 41
U 3
4
W
Q
Q O
(1 J
a J
Q J
1- 1.1
1 1.1
W
-
4 1'
W
Q
W
Q
W
1=-
W
O
(J
i
Z
W O
>-
O
W O
>
O
O ai
N
N
O m
W¢
O Q Ln
z
W 0
>
W o
>•
O
S
4 0
>
O
O
`� tr
0 4
L
O
Z
O
L
¢_
!Y J
0� Q
(") m
M m
1 m
U m
L
S L
!!1
O
Lo
O
JAN
54.5
J6.4
45.5
75+
53
20
9+
77
17
0
0
12
0
610
6
4.13
9.55
79
4.10
78
20
.7
8.1
65
6
2
1
FEB
55.9
37.0
46.5
77+
80
23
10
79
10
0
0
9
0
51,8
0
3.99
9,14
72
3.83
72
13
1,0
16.0
73
5
2
1
MAR
62.1
43.6
52.9
86+
74
10
12+
80
3
0
0
4
O
385
10
3.69
6.47
8O
2,18
66
16
1.1
22.0
80
6
2
1
APR
70.5
52.3
61.4
90
80
23
27+
72
10
0
0
0
0
128
20
2.90
5.81
58
2.35
61
12
.0
.0
4
2
1
MAY
77.8
61.2
69.5
96+
53
26
37+
68
8
0
0
0
0
19
158
4.24
9.42
72
3.55
54
14
.0
,0
6
3
1
JUN
83.4
;.J.5
76.0
107
52
26
48+
77
8
2
0
0
0
0
330
4.57
10.24
66
8.50
64
11
.0
.0
5
2
1
86.5
72.5
79.5
97*
78
21
54+
75
2
4
0
0
0
0
450
6.57
10.76
66
4.55
51
25
.0
.0
4
2
.JUL
AUG
86.7
72.4
79.6
96+
68
21
55
79
17
6
0
0
0
0
453
6.19
22,45
55
12.43
55
12
.0
.0
17
7
3
2
SEP
83.1
67.7
75.4
94
52
14
44+
70
30
2
0
0
0
0
312
5.26
21,42
55
10,90
55
20
.0
.0
5
3
2
OCT
74.8
56.8
65.8
90+
54
5
27+
76
29
0
0
0
0
69
94
3.77
11.44
71
7.02
68
20
.0
.0
4
2
1
NOV
66.2
46.5
56,4
82+
77
5
19+
76
9
0
0
3
0
269
11
3.39
7.74
72
5.55
52
22
.0
.0
5
2
1
DEC
57.9
38.9
48.4
76+
78
8
14+
62
13
0
0
9
0
515
0
3,96
11,Q8
73
5.90
80
281
3
5.0
58
5
2
1
JUN JAN AUG AUGM
129
YEAR
71 6 54.5 63. 1 107 I 52I 2d 9 1 77I 171 14 I 0 1 37 1 0 I 2513 I 1844 152.661 _22.45I 551 12.43� 55I 121 3. 1� 22.O80 65 15
*FROM 1951-80 NORMALS u ESTIMATED VALUE BASED ON + ALSO ON EARLIER DATES.
DATA FROM SURROUNDING STATIONS
DEGREE DAYS TO SELECTED BASE TEMPERATURES (F) PROBABILITY THAT THE MONTHLY PRECIPITATION WILL BE
BASE HEATING DEGREE DAYS EQUAL TO OR LESS THAN THE INDICATED PRECIPITATION AMOUNT
MONTHLY PRECIPITATION (INCHES);
BELOW JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC ANN nFf
65 610 518 385 128 19 0 0 0 0 69 269 515 2513
464 390 252 43 0 0 0 0 0 17 151 372 1689 •05 1.26 1.35 1.28 .61 1.53 1.26 1.75 1.31 1.25i' .58 .76 .92
60 V) t0 1.65 1.73 1.63 .88 1.93 1.69 .2.37 1.88 1.74 .89 1.07 1.29
57 382 315 186 15 O 0 0 0 0 7 100 291 1296 -J
W .20 2.24 2.28 2.14 1.31 2.51 2.35 3.32 2.79 2.51 1.44 1.57 1,87
55 221 269 173 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 70 141 1631 w .30 2.74 2.75 2.56 1.69 2.99 2.92 4.16 3.61 3.19 1.96 2.02 2.39
50 221 173 73 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 21 143 631 -i
} ,40 3.23 3.19 2.97 '2.08 3.45 3.49 4.98 4.44 3.88 2.50 2.46 2.91
BASE COOLING DEGREE DAYS '- .50 3.73 3.66 3.39 2.49 3.92 4.08 5.84 5.33 4.60 3.09 2.94 3.46
f-:
•60 4.29 4.16 3.85 2.96 4.43 4.73 6.79 6.33 5.41 3.77 3.47 4,07
ABOVE JAN FEB MAR :':DR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC ANN cn a .70 4.95 4.75 4,38 3.52 5.02 5.50 7.93 7.53 6.37 4.67 4.77 4.81
55 36 31 84 199 450 630 760 763 612 338 112 37 4052 0 ,gQ 5.80 5.51 5.07 4.26 5.78 6.51 9.41 9.11 7.64 5.72 4.95 5.77
57 25 21 59 147 388 570 698 701 552 279 82 24 3546 a .90 7.12 6.68 6.12 5.44 6.96 8.08 11.72 11.64 9.65 7.53 6.29 7.30
60 15 12 32 85 298 480 605 608 462 197 43 12 2849 .95 8.35 7.76 7.09 6.56 8.03 9.55 13.89 14.03 11.54 9.27 7.55 8.74
65 6 0 10 20 158 330 450 453 312 94 11 O 1844
70 0 0 0 0 64 187 295 298 174 28 0 0 1046 THESE VALUES WERE DETERMINED FROM THE INCOMPLETE GAMMA DISTRIBUTION.
DERIVED FROM THE 1951-80 MONTHLY NORMALS
rr it rr rr rr rr r rr r r r r r r r rir rr• r

APPENDIX C
EXISTING COASTAL AREA STORMWATER CONTROL REGULATIONS

15 NCAC 2H .1001-.1003; have been adopted as published in the
NCR, Volume 2,*'Issue 4,_pages 250-253, with changes, as follows:
SECTION .1000 - STORMWATER RUNOFF DISPOSAL
.1001 STORMWATER DISPOSAL POLICY
' (a) The increase in stormwater runoff associated with land
development activities can substantially increase inputs of.waste
constituents present in stormwater to waters of the State over
that which occurs in natural, undeveloped watersheds. The
' increased pollutant loading from stormwater, runoff may degrade
ambient water quality, adversely impact best usage or otherwise
violate water quality standards. For these reasons, it is the
' goal of the Commission to minimize any water quality impacts of
development activities to ensure that existing and designated
uses are maintained and protected in accordance with the
' provisions of this Section. In esta-bl•ish•ing this goal, the
Commission recognizes that the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency will be establishing permit requirements and best
' management practices for stormwater point sources pursuant to the
Federal Water Pollution Control Act as amended.
(b) The rules in this section to control pollutants
associated with stormwater runoff apply to development of land
' for residential, commercial, industrial, or institutional use
but do not apply to land management activities associated with
agriculture or silviculture.
History Note: Statutory Authority G.S. 143-214.1;
143-215.3(a)(1);
Eff. January 1, 1988.
.1002 DEFINITIONS
The definition of any word or phrase in this Section shall be
the same as given in Article 21, Chapter 143 of the General
Statutes of North Carolina, as amended. Other words and phrases
used in this Section are defined as follows:
(1) Development means any land disturbing activity which
adds to or changes the amount of impervious or
partially impervious cover on a land area or which
.otherwise decreases the infiltration of precipitation
into the soil thus altering the hydrological
characteristics of the area.
(2) Drainage area or watershed means that area
contributing runoff to a single point measured in a
horizontal. plane which i.s enclosed by a ridge line.
(3.)_ Infiltration systems mean stormwater treatment systems
designed allow runoff to pass or move (infiltrate)
:nto the soil surface.
(4) On -site stormwater systems mean the systems necessary
to control stormwater w"ithin an individual development
project.
(5) Off -site stormwater systems mean the systems necessary
to control stormwater from more than one development
which is owned and operated as a duly licensed utility
or by a local government.

N
(6) Built -upon area means that portion of an individual
'
development project that is covered by impervious or
partially impervious cover including buildings,
pavement, recreation facilities, etc. but not including
decking.
'
(7) Redevelopment means any rebuiidin9 activity following
fires, hurricanes or other natural disaster, or other
public restoration projects designated by the
,
Commission;
(8) Wet detention pond means a structure that provides for
the storage and treatment - of runoff and includes -a
'
permanent -pool of water.
(9) Coastal Counties include Beaufort, Sortie, Brunswick,
Camden, Carteret.
-Chowan, Craven, Currituck, Dare,
Gates, Hertford, Hyde, New Hanover, Onslow, Pamlico,
Pasquotank, Pender, Perquimans, Tyrrell, and
Washington.
(10) Sedimentation/erosion control plan means any plan
'
submitted to the Division of Land Resources or
delegated authority in accordance with 15 NCAC 46
.0005.
(11) CAMA major development permits mean those permits
,
required by the Coastal Resources Commission according
to 15 NCAC 7J Sections .0100 and .0200.
(12)- Vegetative filter means an area of natura-1 or planted
'
vegetation. through which stormwater runoff flows
in a diffuse manner so that runoff does not become
channelized and which provides for infiltration of
,
runoff and .filtering of pollutants. The direction of
stormwater flow defines the width of the filter.
(13) Stormwater collection
system means any pipe, channel,
curb or gutter for the primary purpose of transporting
'
(not treating) runoff but does not include grassed
swales, or
pipes used to carry drainage underneath
built -upon surfaces that are associated with
,
development controlled by the provisions
of Rule .1003(a)(2) and (3) in this Section.
,
History Note: Statutory Authority G.S. 143- 214.1;
143-215.3(a)(1);
Eff. January 1, 1988.
,
.1003 COASTAL STORMWATER DISPOSAL
(a) Applicability. The intent of the Commission is to achieve
w
the water quality
'
protection which low density development near
productive coastal waters would provide. To that end, the
director by applying the standards in this Rule will cause
development to cr.:"ply with th•,
`
anticeg radation requirements
specified in 15 NCAC 2B .0201 by protecting high quality waters
and highly productive aquatic resources from the adverse impacts
of uncontrolled high density development
or the potential failure
of stormwater control measures. Stormwater control measures as
described
,
in Paragraphs (c) through. (1) of this Rule are
required for any development activities in the
coastal counties
which require a CAMA major development
permit or a

sedimentation/erosion control plan.After January 1, 1988 unless
the development:
-(1) is one acre or less;
(2) drains to SA waters o' unnamed tributaries to SA
waters; has a built -upon area of 25% or less, or
proposes development of single-family residences on
lots with one-third of an acre or greater with a
built -upon area of 25% or less; has no stormwater
collection system; and built -upon area is at least 30
feet from surface waters;
(3) drains to waters other. than SA; has a built -upon area
of 30% or less, or proposes development of
single-family residences on lots with one-third of an
acre or greater with a built -upon area of 30% or
less; has no stormwater collection system; and
built -upon area is at least 30 feet from surface
waters;
(4) controls runoff through an off -site stormwater system
meeting provisions of this Rule and permitted in
accordance with G.S. 143-215.1(d);
(5) is redevelopment which meets the requirements of this
Rule to the maximum extent practicable;
(6) otherwise meets the provisions of this Rule and has
boat ramps, public roads and public bridges which
minimize__ impervious surfaces, divert stormwater away
from surface waters as much as possible and employ
other best management practices to minimize water
quality impacts; or
(7) is certified by the Director that the site is situated
such that water quality standards. and uses are not
threatened and the developer demonstrates that the
development meets the follow.i*-ng criteria:
(A) the plans and specifications -indicate stormwater
control measures which will be installed in lieu
of the requirements of this Rule, or
(B) the development is located such a distance from
surface waters that impacts from pollutants
present in stormwater from the site will be
effectively mitigated;
Development designed to meet the low density requirements in
subparagraphs (2) and (3) of this Paragraph must demonstrate that
no areas within the project site are of such high density that
stormwater threatens water quality. Deed restrictions and
protective covenants used to ensure that subdivisions
maintain the development consistent with the plans and
specifications approved by the -division will include the State
as a beneficiary of the ~estrictions.
(b) Projects with stormwater control measures in accordance
with the provisions of this Rule shall be deemed permitted
pursuant to G.S. 143-215.1(d) upon receipt of a permit from the
Division of Coastal Management or plan approval from the Division
of Land Resources (or delegated authority). In addition, NPDES
permits for stormwater point sources may be required according to
the provisions of 1S NCAC 2H .0126.

(c) Stormwater Control Options. Stormwater control measures which can be approved pursuant to this Rule and which will not be
considered innovative include:
(1) Stormwater infiltration systems including infiltration
basins/ponds, swales, and vegetative filters; and
(2) Wet -detention -ponds.
(d) Innovative Systems. Innovative measures for controlling
stormwater which are not well established through actual
experience may be approved on a demonstration basis under the
following conditions:
(1) There is a reasonable expectation that the control
measures will be successful;
(2) The projects are not located near high quality waters;
(3) Monitoring requirements are included to verify the
performance of the control measures; and
(4) Alternatives are available if the control measures
fail and will be required when the director
determines that the system has failed;
No more than five projects utilizing the same innovative control
measure will be approved until: the technology is proven over a -
time frame to be determined -on a case -by -case basis. These five
projects will include projects approved since November 1, 1986
according to the provisions of 15 NCAC 2H- .0408.
(e) Design Criteria for Development Draining to Outstanding
Resource Waters. Stormwater control.requirements to protect
coastal waters classified as Outstanding Resource Waters (ORW)
pursuant to 15 NCAC 28 .0216 shall be determined in the process
to reclassify the waters as ORW. After the Commision has received
a request to classify Class SA waters as ORW and given permission
to the director to schedule a public hearing to consider
reclassification and until such time as specific stormwater
design criteria become effective, only development which meets
the requirements of Paragraph (a) (2), (5) of ( will be
approved within 575 feet of mean high water of these waters.
(f) Design Criteria for Development draining directly to
Class SA waters.
(1) Direct outlet channels or pipes to SA waters are
prohibited unless permitted in accordance with 15 NCAC
2H .0126.
(2) Infiltration control systems must be designed to.
control the runoff from all impervious surfaces
generated by one and one-half inches of rainfall. The
size of the system must take into account the runoff
from any pervious surfaces draining to the system.
(3) Runoff in excess of the design volume must flow
overland through a vegetative filter with a minimum
width of 50 feet measured from mean high water of 5A
waters;
(g) Design Criteria For Development Not Draining to
SA Waters.
(1) Infiltration control systems must be designed to
control the. runoff from all impervious surfaces
generated by one inch of rainfall. The size of the
system must take into account the runoff from any
pervious surfaces draining to the system;
- - I
11
7
u
11
7

(2) Wet detention -ponds must be designed according to
methods approved by the director for 85 percent
removal of total suspended solids in the permanent
pool and storage of runoff from a one inch rainfall•
from the site above the permanent pool;
(3) Vegetative filters are required for the overflow and
discharge of all stormwater from wet detention ponds;
these -filters shall be at least 30 feet in length;
(4) Additional control measures may be required'on a
case -by -case basis to protect high quality waters or
specific water uses.
(h) Infiltration System -Requirements. Infiltration systems
may be designed to provide infiltration of the -entire design
rainfall volume required for a site or a series of successive
systems may be utilized. Infiltration may also be used to
pretreat runoff prior to disposal in a wet. detention ponds. The
following are requirements:
(1) Infiltration systems shall be a -minimum of 30 feet
-from surface waters and 50 feet from Class SA waters;
(2) Infiltration systems shall be a minimum distance of
100 feet from water supply wells;
(3) The bottom of infiltration systems shall be a minimum
of 2 feet above the seasonal high water table;
(4) Infiltration systems must be designed such that runoff
in excess of the design volume by-passes the system
and does not flush pollutants through the system;
(5) Infiltration systems must be designed to completely
draw down to pre -storm levels within 5 days and a
hydrogeologic evaluation may .be required to determine
whether the system can draw down in 5 days;
(6) Soils must have a minimum hydraulic conductivity of
0.52 inches per hour to be suitable for infiltration;
(7) Infiltration systems must not be sited on or in fill
material;.
(8) Infiltration systems must have an observation well to
provide ready inspection of the system;
(9) If runoff is directed to infiltration systems during
construction -.of the project, the system must be
restored to design specifications after the project
is complete and the entire drainage area is
stabilized.
(i) Wet Detention Pond Requirements. These practices can be
used as a primary treatment device or as a secondary device
following an infiltration system. Wet detention ponds shall be
designed for a specific pollutant removal according to modeling
techniques approved by the director. Specific requirements for
these systems are as follows:
(1) The deib"19n storage volume shall be above the permanent
pool;
(2) The discharge rate from these systems following the
one inch rainfall design storm shall be such that the
runoff does not draw down to the permanent pool level
in less than 2 days and that the pond is drawn down to
the permanent pool level within at least 5 days;
(3) The mean depth shall be a minimum of 3 feet;

(4) The inlet structure must be designed to minimize
turbulence using baffles or other appropriate design
features;
(5) Pretreatment of the runoff by the use of infiltration
swales is encouraged to minimize sedim#-ntation and
eutroph-ication --of the detention pond. _
(J) Vegetative Filter Requirements. Vegetative filters
shall be used as a non-structural method for providing additional
infiltration* filtering' of pollutants and minimizing stormwater
impacts. Requirements for these filters are as .follows:
(1) A distribution device such as a Swale shall -be used to
provi-de seven Ats'tribution of runoff over the length of
the vegetative filter;
(2) The slope and width of the vegetative filter shall be
determined so as to provide a non -erosive velocity- of
flow -through the filter for a 10-year, 24-hour storm
with a 10-year, 1-hour intensity and the portion of
the filter representing the minimum filter width
specified in Paragraphs (f) and (g) of this Rule shall
have a slope of 5% or less;
(3) Vegetation in the filter may be natural vegetation,
grasses or artificially planted wetland vegetation
appropriate for the site characteristics;
(k) Operation and maintenance plans. An operation and
maintenance plan or manual `shall be provided by the "developer for
stormwater systems, indicating what operation and maintenance
actions are needed, what specific quantitative criteria will be
used for determining when those actions are to be taken, and who
is responsible for those actions prior to approval of the
development by the division . The plan must clearly indicate the
steps that will be taken and who will be responsible for
restoring a stormwater system to design:* specifications if a
failure occurs and will include an acknowledgement by the
responsible party. Development must be maintained consistent
with the requirements in these plans and modifications to these
plans must be approved by the Division.
(1) System Design. Stormwater systems must be designed by a
North Carolina regi.stered.,.pr_ofessional with qualifications
appropriate for the type of system required; these registered
professionals are defined as:
(1) professional engineers;
(2) landscape architects, to the extent that the General
Statutes, Chapter 89A, allow; and
(3) registered land surveyors, to the extent that the
design represents incidental drainage within a
subdivision, as provided in General Statute-89C-3(7).
Upon completion of construction, a registered professional
appropriate fo*r the type of stormwater system designed must
certify that the system was inspected during construction and was
constructed in substantial conformity with plans and
specifications reviewed by the division and complies with the
requirements of this Rule.
u
[1
1

History Note' Statutory Authority G.S. 143-214.1
.143-215.1(d); 143-215.3(a)(1);
Eff. January 1. 1988.

15 NCAC 2H .1004; has been adopted as published in the NCR,
Volume 2, Issue 4, page 253, as follows:
.1004 STATEWIDE STORMMATER GUIDELINES
The division will periodically develop guidelines for the -
control of stormwater pollution from various development
practices and to protect specific water uses; these guidelines
will be provided to requesting individuals, institutions, local
governments, or state/federal agencies on request -for use in
developing control strategies for mitigating stormwater
pollution.
History, Mote: Statutory Authority G.S. 143-214.1;
143-215.3(a)(1); 143-215.8A;
Eff. January 1, 1988.

APPENDIX D
MODEL STORMWATER CONTROL ORDINANCE FOR
EMERALD ISLE NORTH CAROLINA -
NOTE: The following draft ordinance is based in part on the
following source document:
Frank E. Maloney, Richard G. Hamann and Bram D. E.
Canter. October, 1980. "Stormwater Runoff Control: A
Model Ordinance for Meeting Local Water Quality
Management Needs." Natural Resources Journal 20:
713-764.

INTRODUCTORY NOTE:
' . _CQ.Ag_g$t_ .BgJ1jId._TJW MQ'Le.,_QrdiD_4=0: The presumption under-
lying the Model Stormwater Control Ordinance is that land
' development can be accommodated on almost any site without
resulting in irreparable damage to local water resources and the
biological community. Land can and should be used in a manner
that minimizes or avoids adverse environmental impacts. The
' choice is not between development or no development; it is be-
tween wise development or destructive development. The Model
Stormwater Control Ordinance was developed to encourage a more
' harmonious relationship between lard alteration for human use and
the needs of the natural environment.
The Model Ordinance is intended to require the
implementation of stormwater runoff management practices that
accomplish two basic objectives:
'
1. Protect the absorptive, purifying and retentive
functions of natural systems including the unique
interdunal trough groundwater recharge areas that exist
'
on the site of a proposed development; and
2. Provide for post -development stormwater runoff
characteristics that resemble the conditions that existed
before the site's alteration.
'
The Model Stormwater Control Ordinance is designed to
be adapted to the unique characteristics of the Town of
Emerald Isle. NC specifically and to other coastal area
communities in general. It is presumed that some
provisions of the Model Ordinance will be modified or
possibly even rejected altogether. Other provisions may
have to be added. Nevertheless, the regulatory..approach
and the means that were formulated to accomplish stormwater
runoff control in the Model Ordinance should greatly
facilitate the creation of effective controls in areas
'
where no controls presently exist and to meet the
requirements of the NC Coastal Area Stormwater Regulations
promulgated by the NC Division of Environmental Management.
'
1LE
SECTION ONE: SHORT T1
This ordinance shall be known as the "Stormwater Control
'
Ordinance for Emerald Isle, NC."

SECTION TWO: FINDINGS OF FACTS
The Board of Commissioners of the Town of Emerald Isle finds
'
that uncontrolled drainage development of land has a significant
adverse impact upon the health, safety and welfare of the
community. More specifically,
'
(a) Stormwater runoff can carry pollutants into receiving
water bodies► degrading water quality and result in closures of
'
shellfishing waters;
(b) The increase in nutrients such as phosphorus and
nitrogen accelerates eutrophication of receiving waters,
'
adversely affecting flora and fauna;
(c) Improperly channeling water increases the velocity of
'
runoff, thereby increasing erosion and sedimentation;
(d) Construction requiring the alteration of natural
'
topography and removal of vegetation tends to cause a loss of
natural recharge areas and increase erosion;
(e) Siltation of water bodies resulting from increased
'
erosion decreases their capacity to hold and transport water,
interferes with navigation, and harms flora and fauna;
'
(f) Impervious surfaces increase the volume and rate . of
stormwater runoff and allow less water to percolate into the
soil, thereby decreasing groundwater recharge;
'
(g) Improperly managed stormwater runoff can increase the
incidence of flooding and the level of floods which occur, t
endangering property and human life;
(h) Improperly managed stormwater runoff can interfere with
the maintenance of optimum salinity in estuarine areas, thereby
disrupting biological productivity;
(i) Substantial economic losses result from these adverse ,
impacts on community waters;
(j) Many future problems can be avoided if land is '
developed in accordance with sound stormwater runoff management
practices.
SECTION THREE: OBJECTIVES
In order to protect, maintain, and enhance both the immediate '
and the long term health, safety and general welfare of the
citizens of the Town of Emerald isle, NC this ordinance has the
following objectives: ,
2

' (a) To encourage . productive and enjoyable harmony between
humanity and nature;
(b) To protect► restore and maintain the chemical, physical
'
and biological integrity of the waters of Bogue Sound and the
Atlantic Ocean;
'
(c) To prevent individuals► business organizations and
governments from causing harm to the community by activities
'
which adversely affect water resources;
-
(d) To encourage the construction of drainage systems which
aesthetically and functionally approximate natural systems;
'
(e) To encourage the protection of natural systems and the
use of them in ways which do not impair their beneficial
'
functioning;
(f) To encourage the use of drainage systems which minimize
'
the consumption of electrical energy or petroleum fuels to move
water► remove pollutants, or maintain the systems;
(g) To minimize the transport of pollutants to area surface
'
waters; -
(h) To maintain or restore groundwater levels;
(i) To protect, maintain or restore natural salinity levels
in estuarine areas;
'
(j) To minimize erosion and sedimentation;
(k) To prevent damage to wetlands and to the local natural
recharge areas known as interdunal troughs;
(1) To prevent damage from flooding► while recognizing that
natural fluctuations in water levels are beneficial;
(m) To protect, restore► and maintain the habitat of fish
and wildlife; and
(n) To ensure the attainment of these objectives by
requiring the approval and implementation of stormwater
'
management plans for all activities which may have an adverse
impact upon community waters.
SECTION FOUR: DEFINITIONS
'
Unless specifically defined below► words or phrases shall be
interpreted as to them the meaning they have in common
so give
3
1

usage and to give this ordinance its most effective application.
Words used in singular shall include the plural and the plural ,
the singular; words used in the present tense shall include the
future tense. The word "shall" connotes mandatory and not
discretionary; the word "may" is permissive.
(a) "Adverse Impacts" are any modifications, alterations or
effects on a feature or characteristic of community waters or '
wetlands, including their qualityr quantityr hydrodynamics,
surface area► species composition, living resources, aesthetics
or usefulness for human or natural uses which are or may
potentially be harmful or injurious to human health, welfare, '
safety or propertyr to biological productivity► diversity, or
stability or which unreasonably interfere with the enjoyment of
life' or property, including outdoor recreation. The term '
includes secondary and cumulative as well as direct impacts.
(b) Clearing" means the removal of trees and brush from
the land but shall not include the ordinary mowing of grass.
,
(c) "Detention" refers to the collection and storage of
surface water for subsequent gradual discharge:
'
(d) "Developer" means any person who engages in development
either as the Owner or as the agent of an . Owner of property.
'
(e) "Development" or "Development Activity" means:
(1) the construction, installation. alteration.
'
demolition or removalof a structure, impervious surface, or
drainage facility; or
'
(2) clearing, scraping, grubbing, or otherwise
removing or killing the vegetation of a site;
'
(3) adding, removing, exposing, excavating. leveling.
gradingr digging, burrowingr dumping, piling, dredging, or
otherwise significantly disturbing the soil, mud, sand or
rock of a site.
'
Cf) "Drainage Facility" means any component of the drainage
system.
'
('g) "Drainage System" is the system through which water
flows .from the land. It irca^des all watercourses. waterbodies
'
and wetlands.
(h) "Erosion" is the wearing or washing away of soil by the
action of wind or water.
'
4

(i) "Flood"' 'is a temporary rise in the level of any
' waterbody, watercourse or wetland which results in the inundation
of areas not ordinarily covered by water.
(j) "Impervious
Surface" means
a surface
which has been
'
compacted or covered
with a layer of
material
so that it is
highly resistant to
infiltration by
water. It
includes semi -
impervious surfaces such as compacted clay► as well as most
conventionally Lurfaced streets, roofs, sidewalks, parking lots
and other similar structures.
(k) "Natural Systems" means systems which predominantly
consist of or use those communities of plants, animals, bacteria
and other flora and fauna which occur indigenously on the land,
'
in the soil or in the water.
(1) "Owner" is the person in who is vested the fee
ownership, dominion, or title of property, i.e., the proprietor.
'
This term may also include a tenant, if chargeable under his
lease for the maintenance of the property, and any agent of the
Owner or tenant including a developer.
(m) "Person" means any and all persons, natural or
artificial and includes any individual, firm, corporation,
'
government agency, business trust, estater trust, partnership,
association, two or more persons having a joint or common
interest, or any other legal entity.
'
(n) "Predevelopment Conditions" are those conditions which
existed before alteration, resulting from human activity, of the
natural topography, vegetation and rate, volume or direction of
surface or ground water flow, as indicated by the best available
historical data.
(o) "Receiving Bodies of Water" shall mean any waterbodies,
watercourses or wetlands into which surface waters flow either
naturally, in manmade ditches, or in a closed conduit system.
'
(p) "Retention" refers to the collection and storage of
runoff without subsequent discharge to surface waters.
'
(q) "Sediment" is fine particulate material, whether
mineral or organic, that is in suspension or has settled in a
waterbody.
'
r) "Sedimentation Facility" means any structure or area
which is designed to hold runoff water until suspended sediments
'
have settled.
(s) "Site" means any tract, lot or parcel of land or
combination of tracts, lots, or parcels of land which are in one
'
ownership, or are contiguous and in diverse ownership where
5
1

t is to be performed as part of a unit, subdivision, or '
development p
project.
(t) "Stormwater Management Plan" refers to the detailed
analysis required by Section Six for each activity described in
Section Five of this ordinance. "Structure"
(u) Structure means that which is built or constructed.
an edifice or building of any kind► or any piece of work '
artificially built up or composed of parts joined together in
some definite manner but shall not include fences or signs.
(v) "Subdivide" means to divide the ownership of a parcel '
of landjp whether improved or unimproved, into three or more
contiguous lots or parcels of land, whether by reference to a
plat, by metes and bounds or otherwise. -or. if the establishment '
of a new street is involved, any division of a parcel of land.
Subdivision includes a resubdivision and, when appropriate to the
context, relates to the process of subdividing or to the land ,
subdivided.
(w) "Vegetation" means all plant growth, especially trees,
shrubs, vines, ferns, mosses and grasses.
'
(x) "Waters" or "Community of Waters" means any and all
water on or beneath the surface of the ground. It includes the
water in any watercourse, waterbody or drainage system. It also
'
includes diffused surface water and water percolating, standing
or flowing beneath the surface of the ground, as well as coastal
waters.
'
(y) "Watercourse" means any natural or artificial stream,
riverr creek, channel, ditch canal, conduit, culvert. drain,
,
waterway.. gully, ravine, street, roadway► swale, or wash in which
water flows in a definite direction, either continuously or
intermittently► and which has a definite channel, bed or banks.
'
(z) "Waterbody" means any natural or artificial pond, lake,
reservoir or other area which ordinarily or intermittently
contains water and which has a discernible shoreline.
,
(aa) "Watershed" means a drainage area or drainage basin
contributing to the flow of water in a receiving body of water.
'
(bb) "Wetlands" means those areas where
(1) tse soil is ordinarily saturated with water; or
'
(2) the dominant plant community is one or more of those
specifies designated by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers as
'.
identifying wetlands. or the transitional zone of wetlands.
,
6

'
SECTION FIVE: APPL I CAB IL ITY _
(a) All development within the Town of Emerald Isle must
'
comply wit-h minimum stormwater control standards. All
development must provide appropriate infiltration devices to
control runoff of the first 1.5 inches of rainfall or less from
all impervious surfaces onsite. Flow from gutters and downspouts
'
shall be diverted to dry wells or porous drain pipes in rock -
envelope. For structures without gutters and downspouts, gravel
'
infiltration beds under roof overhangs shall be provided.
Typical designs of appropriate systems will be provided for
guidance in the manual of stormwater management practices (see
Section 11).
'
(b) Unless exempted pursuant to subsection (c) or waived
pursuant to subsection (d), a Stormwater Management Plan must be
Isubmitted
and approved before:
(1) a plat is recorded or land is subdivided; or
'
(2) an existing drainage system is altered, rerouted,
deepened.
'
(3) building permit is issued.
(4) development is commenced.
(c) Exemptions: The following development activities are
exempt from the Stormwater Management Plan Requirement:
' (1) the development of one (1) single family or duplex
residential dwelling unit and accessory structures (such as
fences, storage sheds and septic tanks) in an existing
subdivision which does not involve the alteration or filling
of an interdunal trough;
' (2) the development of one (1) single family or duplex
residential structure not in an existing subdivision which
does not invove the alteration or filling of an interdunal
' trough;
(3) agricultural activity not involving the artificial
drainage of land;
' (4) any maintenance, alteration, use or improvement to
an existing structure not changing or affecting quality,
rate, volume or location of surface water discharge.

(d) Waivers:
(1) A waiver of the Stormwater management Plan
,
requirement may be obtained by submitting an application on
forms supplied by the Town of Emerald Isle. The application
shall contain:
'
(i) the name, address and telephone number of the
developer and owner; and
,
(ii) a description and a drawing of the proposed
development; and
'
(iii) the location of the development; and
(iv) any other information requested by the Town of
,
Emerald Isle that is reasonably necessary to evaluate the
proposed development.
(2) The Town of Emerald isle may grant waiver if the
application demonstrates the development is not likely to:
(i) significantly increase or decrease the rate or
'
volume of surface water runoff;
(ii) have a significant adverse impact 'on an
'
interdunal trough, wetland, watercourse or waterbody;
(iii) - significantly contribute to the degradation
'
of water quality.
(3) The following types of development shall not be
eligible to receive a waiver;
'
(i) shopping centers;
(ii) commercial facilities
'
(iii) subdivisions;
(iv) roads;
(v) impervious surfaces greater than 10400 square
,
feet.
(e) Variances: The Town of Emerald Isle may grant a written
variance from any requirement of this ordinance using the
'
following criteria:
�uppl
(1) taere are special circumstances icabl a to the
,
subject property of its intended use; and,
(2) the granting of the variance will not;
(i) significantly increase or decrease the rate or
volume of surface water runoff;
,
8

' (ii) have a significant adverse impact on an
interdunal trough, wetland, watercourse or waterbody.
' (iii) significantly contribute to the degradation
of water quality; -
(iv) otherwise significantly impair attainment of
' the objectives of this ordinance.
SECTION SIX: CONTENTS OF THE STORM.jniATER MANAGEMENT PLAN
(a) It is the responsibility of an applicant to include in
the Stormwater Management Plan sufficient information for the
Town of Emerald Isle or its agents to evaluate the environmental
characteristics of the affected areas, the potential and
predicted impacts of the proposed. activity on area surface
'
waters, and the effectiveness and acceptability of those measures
proposed by the applicant for reducing adverse impacts. The
'
Stormwater Management Plan shall contain maps, charts, graphs,
tables, photographs, narrative descriptions and explanations and
citations to supporting references, as appropriate, to
communicate the information required by this section..
(b) The Stormwater Management Plan shall contain the name,
address and telephone number of the owner and the developer. In
addition, the legal description of the property shall be
provided, and its location with reference to such landmarks as
major waterbodies, adjoining roads, or subdivisions shall be
clearly identified by a map.
(c) The existing environmental and hydrologic conditions of
the site and of receiving waters and wetlands shall be described
1
in detail, including the followings
(1) the direction, flow rate, and volume of stormwater
runoff under existing conditions and, to the extend
'
practicable, predevelopment conditions;
'
(2) the location of areas on the site where stormwater
collects or percolates into the ground (locations of
interdunal troughs) as shown on the topographic maps of the
Town which are on file at _Town Hall;
(3) a description of all watercourses, waterbodies and
wetlands on or adjacent to the site or into which stormwater
flows. Information regarding their water quality and the
'
current water quality classification, if any, given them by
the NC Division of Environmental Management (NCDEM) shall be
'
included;
9

(4) groundwater levels, including seasonal fluctuations;
(5) location of flood plains;
(6) vegetation;
(7) topography;
(8) soils.
(d) Proposed alterations of the site shall be described in
detail, including:
(1) changes in topography;
(2) areas where vegetation will be cleared or otherwise
killed;
(3) areas that will be covered with an impervious
surface and a description of the surfacing material;
(4) the size and location of any buildings or other
structures.
(e) Predicted impacts of the proposed development on
existing conditions shall be described in detail, including:
(1) changes in water quality;
(2) changes in groundwater levels;
(3) changes in the incidence and duration of flooding on
the site and upstream and downstream from it;
(4) impacts on wetlands; and
(5) impacts on vegetation.
(f) All components of the drainage system and any measures
for the detention, retention, or infiltration of water or for the
protection of water quality shall be described in detail.
including:
(1) the channel, direction, flow rate, volume and
quality of stormwater that will be conveyed from the site;
with a comparison +-o existing conditions and, tc ti: a extent
practicable, predevelopment conditions;
(2) detention and retention areas, including plans for
the discharge of contained waters, maintenance plans, and
predictions of water quality in those areas;
10

(3) areas of the 'site to be used or reserved for
percolation including a prediction of the impact on
groundwater quality;
' (4) a plan for the control of erosion and sedimentation
which describes in detail the type and location of control
measures, the stage of development at which they will be put
into place or used, and provisions for- their .maintenance; -
(5) any other information which the developer or the
Town of Emerald Isle or its agents believes is reasonably
' necessary for an evaluation of the development.
SECTION
SEVEN:
PROCEDURES AND
FEES
(a)
Any
person planning
a development as defined in this
ordinance, unless exempted, shall submit a Stormwater Management
Plan or an application for waiver to the Town of Emerald Isle.
(b). Within ten (10) working days after submission of the
' completed waiver application, the Town shall notify the applicant
that the waiver has been approved or denied and whether a
Stormwater Management Plan must be submitted.by the applicant.
(c) A permit fee will be collected at the time the
Stormwater Management Plan or application for waiver are
submitted and will reflect the cost of administration and
management of the permitting process. The Town shall establish,
by resolution a prorated fee schedule based upon the relative
complexity of the project. The fee schedule may be amended from
time to time by the Town Board of Commissioners by resolution.
Notice of such resolution shall be published no less than fifteen
(15) days prior to adoption. The fee schedule ' shall be appended
' to this ordinance following its adoption and shall be considered
to be a part of this ordinance.
(d) Within thirty (30) days after submission of the
'
completed Stormwater Management Plan the Town shall approve; with
or without specified conditions or modifications, or reject the
'
Plan and shall notify the applicant accordingly. If the Town has
not rendered a decision within thirty (30) days after Plan
submission, it shall inform the applicant of the status of the
review process and the anticipated completion date. If the Plan
'
is rejected or modified, the Tr-n shall state its reasons.
Howaver, it is not the responsiuility of the Town or its
designated agent to design an acceptable"project.
(e) The Stormwater Management Plan shall not be approved
unless it clearly indicates that the proposed development will
'
meet the Performance Standards described in Section Eight and the
Design Standards described in Section Nine, except where a
11

variance has been granted pursuant to Section Five, Subsection
(d) : 'or where off -site management is approved pursuant to Section
Ten.
(f) Inspections: No Stormwater Management Plan may be
approved without adequate provision for inspection of the
property before development activity commences. The applicant
shall arrange with the Town' s Building Inspector or his
designated agent for scheduling the following inspections:
(1) Initial Inspection: Prior to approval of the
Stormwater Management Plan;
(2) Bury Inspection: Prior to burial of any underground
drainage structure;
(3). Erosion Control Inspection: -As necessary to ensure
effective control of erosion and sedimentation;
(4) Finish Inspection: When all work including
installation of all drainage facilities has been completed.
The Town Building Inspector or his designated agent shall inspect
the work and shall either approve it or notify the applicant in
writing in what respects there has been a failure to comply with
the requirements of the approved Stormwater Management Plan. Any
portion of the work which does not comply shall be promptly
corrected by the applicant or the applicant will be subject to
the penalty provisions of Section Thirteen.
(g) Appeals: Any person aggrieved by the action of any
official charged with the enforcement of this Ordinance, as the
result of the disapproval of a properly filed application for a
permitr issuance of a written notice of violation, or an alleged
failure to properly enforce the Ordinance in regard to a specific
application shall have the right to appeal the action to the Town
Board of Commissioners. The appeal shall be filed in writing
within twenty ( 20 ) days of the date of official transmittal of
the final decision or determination to the applicant, shall state
clearly the grounds on which the appeal is based,* and shall be
processed in the manner prescribed for hearing administrative
appeals under local and NC State Statutes.
SECTION EIGHT: PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
The Stormwater Management Plan must demonstrate th
development or activity has been planned and designed
constructed and maintained to meet each of the
standards:
12
e proposed
and will be
following

(a) Ensure that after development, runoff• from the site
'
approximates the rate of flow, volume and timing' of runoff that
would have occurred following the --same rainfall under existing -
conditions and to the extend practicable, predevelopment -
conditions. unless runoff is discharged into an Off -site Drainage
'
Facility. as provided in Section Ten:
(b) Maintain the natural hydrodynamic characteristics of the
'
watershed; --
(c) Protect or restore the quality of ground and surface
waters;
(d) Ensure that erosion during and after development is
'
minimized;
(e) Protect groundwater levels;
'
(f) Protect the beneficial functioning of wetlands as areas
for the natural storage of surface waters and the chemical -.
reduction and assimilation of pollutants;
(g)- Prevent increased flooding and damage that results from
improper location, construction and .design of structures in areas --
which are presently subject to an unacceptable danger of
flooding;
(h) -Prevent or reverse salt water intrusion;
(i) Protect the natural fluctuating levels of salinity in
'
estuarine areas;
(j) Protect the integrity of natural interdunal trough
groundwater recharge areas;
W Minimize injury to flora and fauna and adverse impacts
to fish and wildlife habitat;
'
(1) Otherwise further the objectives of this Ordinance.
' SECTION NINE: DESIGN STANDARDS
To ensure attainment of the objectives of this Ordinance and
to ensure that performance standards will be met, the design,
construction and mainL',�,ance of drainage systems shall oe
consistent with the following standards:
' .(a) Channeling runoff directly into waterbodies shall be
strictly prohibited. Instead, runoff shall be routed through
swales and other systems designed to increase time of
13

concentratipn► decrease velocity, increase infiltrations, allow
suspended solids to settle, and remove pollutants;
(b) Natural watercourses and interdunal troughs shall not be
dredged, cleared of vegetation, deepened, widened, straightened,
stabilized or otherwise altered. Water shall be retained or
detained before it enters any natural watercourse in order to
preserve the natural hydrodynamics of the watercourse and to
prevent siltation or other pollution;
(c) The area of land disturbed by development shall be as
small as practicable. Those areas which are not to be disturbed
shall be protected by an adequate bar-rier from construction
activity. Whenever possible, natural vegetation shall be
retained and protected;
(d) No gradingo, cutting or filling shall be commenced until
erosion and sedimentation control devices have bean installed
between the disturbed area and waterbodies► watercourses and
wetlands;
(e) Land which has been cleared for development and upon
which construction has not commenced shall be protected from
erosion by appropriate techniques designed to revegetate the
area;
(f) Sediment shall be retained on the site of the
development;
(g) Wetlands and other waterbodies shall not be used as
sediment traps during development.;
(h) Erosion and sedimentation facilities shall receive
regular maintenance to insure that they continue to function
properly;
(i) Artificial watercourses shall be designed, considering
soil type, so that the velocity of flow is low enough to prevent
erosion;
(j) Vegetated buffer strips shall be created or, where
practicable, retained in their natural state along the banks of
all watercourses, waterbodies or wetlands. The width of the
buffer shall be sufficient to prevent erosion, trap the sediment
in overland runoff, provide access to the waterbody and allow for
periodic flooding without drmage to stru„tures;
(k) Intermittent watercourses, such as swales, should be
vegetated;
(1) Retention and detention ponds shall be used to retain
and detain the increased and accelerated runoff which the
14

F
development generates. Water shall be -released from detention
' ponds into water courses or wetlands at a rate and in a manner
approximating the natural- flow which would have occurred before
development; _
' (m) Although the use of wetlands for storing and purifying
water is encouraged, care must. be taken not to overload their
capacity, thereby harming the wetlands and transitional
' vegetation. Wetlands should not be damaged by the construction
of detention ponds; -
'
(n) The first one and one-half (1.5) inch of runoff from
impervious surfaces shall be retained on the site of the
development;
'
(o) Runoff from parking lots shall be treated to remove oil
and sediment before it enters receiving waters;
'
(p) Detention and retention areas shall be designed so that
shorelines are sinuous rather than straight and so that length of
shoreline is maximized, thus offering more space for the growth
of littoral vegetation;
(q) The banks of detention and retention areasshallslope
'
at a.gentle grade into the water as a safeguard against drowning,
personal injury_ or other accidents, to encourage the growth of
vegetation and to allow the alternate flooding and exposure of
areas along the shore as water levels periodically rise and fall;
(r) The use of drainage facilities and vegetated buffer
'
zones as open space, recreation and conservation areas shall be
encouraged.
'
SECTION
TEN:
OFF -SITE DRAINAGE FACILITIES
(a)
The
Town of Emerald Isle may allow stormwater runoff
' that is otherwise of unacceptable quality or which would be
discharged in volumes or at rates in excess of those otherwise
allowed by this Ordinance, to be discharged into drainage
facilities off the site of development if each of the following
conditions is met:
(1) It is not practicable to completely manage runoff on
' _ t1le site in a manner ghat meets the Performance Standards and
Design Standaib;
' (2) The off -site drainage facilities and channels
leading to them are designed, constructed and maintained in
accordance with the requirements of this ordinance;
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(3) Adequate provision is made
for
the sharing
of
construction and operating costs of the
facilities with
the
Town. The developer may be required to
pay
a portion of
the
cost of constructing the facilities
as
a condition
to
receiving approval of the drainage plan;
(4) Adverse environmental impacts
on the site
of
development will be minimized.
(b) At request to use off -site drainage facilities and all
information related to the proposed off -site facilities should be
made a part of the developer's Stormwater Management Plan.
Guidelines for the consideration of off -site facility use will be
defined in the Manual of Surface Water Management Practices.
SECTION ELEVEN: MANUAL OF STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
(a) The Town of Emerald Isle shall compile a manual of
Stormwater Management Practices for the guidance of persons
preparing Stormwater Management Plans, and designing or operating
drainage systems. The Manual shall be updated periodically to
reflect the most current and effective practices and shall be
made available to the public..
(b) The Manual shall include guidance and specifications for
the preparation of Stormwater Management Plans. Acceptable
techniques for obtaining, calculating and presenting the
information required in the Stormwater Management Plans shall be
described.
(c) The Manual shall include guidance in the selection of
environmentally sound practices for the management of stormwater
and the control of erosion and sediment. Specific techniques and
practices shall be described in detail. The development and use
of techniques which emphasize the use of natural systems shall be
encouraged.
(d) The Manual shall also establish minimum specifications
for the construction of drainage facilities. Construction
specifications shall be established in accordance with current
good engineering practices.
(e) The Building Inspector shall submit the Manual and
subsequent revisions of it to the Town Board and Planning Board
for review and approval,,
SECTION TWELVE: MAINTENANCE
(a) Drainage facilities shall be dedicated to the Town of
Emerald Isle where they are determined to be appropriately a part
16

1
of the Town` s maintained system or are unlikely to be adequately
' maintained by the developer or owner of the property.
(b) The systems maintained by the owner shall- have adequate
easements to permit the Town to inspect and, if necessary, to
take corrective action should the owner fail to properly maintain
the system. Before taking corrective action, the Town shall give
' the owner written notice of the nature of the existing defects.
If the owner fails within thirty (30) day-s from the date -of
notice to commencement corrective action or to appeal the matter
to the Town Board of Commissioners, the Town may take necessary
' corrective action, the cost of which shall become a lien on the
real property until paid.
SECTION THIRTEEN: ENFORCEMENT
' (a) Nuisance: Any development activity that is commenced
without prior approval of a Stormwater Management Plan or is
conducted contrary to an approved Stormwater Management Plan as
required by this- Ordinance, shall be -deemed a public nuisance and
' may be restrained by injunction or otherwise abated in a manner
provided by law.
' (b) Civil and Criminal Penalties: In addition to or as an
alternative to any penalty provided herein or by law, any person
who violates the provisions of this Ordinance shall be punished
' by a fine of not less than One Hundred Dollars ($100) nor more
than One Thousand Dollars ($1,000) or by imprisonment in the
county jail for a period not to exceed sixty (60) days, or by
' both such fine and imprisonment. Such person shall be guilty of
a separate offense for each day during which the violation occurs
or continues.
(c) Any violator may be required to restore land to its
undisturbed condition. In the event that restoration is not
undertaken within a reasonable time after notice, the Town may
' take necessary corrective action, the cost of which shall become
a lien upon the property until paid.
' (d) Notice of Violation: When the Town Building Inspector
determines that development activity is not being carried out in
accordance with the requirements of this Ordinance, it shall
issue a written notice of violation to the owner of the property.
' The notice of violation shall contain:
(1) the name and address of the owner or applicant;
' (2) the street address when available or a description
of the building structure, or land upon which the violation
is occurring;
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1

(3) a statement specifying the nature of the violation;
(4) a. description of the remedial actions necessary to
bring the development activity into compliance with this
Ordinance and a..time schedule for completion of such remedial
action
(5) a statement of the penalty or penalties that shall
or may be assessed against the person t.) whom the notice of
violation is directed;
(6) a statement that the Town's determination of
violation may be appealed to the Town Board of Commissioners
by filing a written notice of appeal within fifteen (15) days
of service of notice of violation. -
The notice of violation shall be served upon the person(s) to
whom it is directed either personally, in the manner provided for
personal service of notices by the court of local jurisdiction or
by mailing a copy of the notice of violation by certified mail,
postage prepaid, return receipt requested to such person at his
or her last known address.
- A notice of violation issued pursuant to this section
constitutes a determination from which an administrative appeal
may be taken to the Town Board of Commissioners.
SECTION FOURTEEN: SEVERABILITY
Each separate provision of this Ordinance is deemed
independent of all other provisions herein so that if any
provision or provisions of this ordinance be declared invalid,
all other provisions thereof shall remain valid and enforceable.
SECTION FIFTEEN: EFFECTIVE DATE
This Ordinance shall become effective on
Adopted this the _______ day of ________ __, 198__.
-----------------------------------
Mayor
Rev'ewed for Lecal Corsisten-y:
-------------------------
Town Attorney
-----------------------------------
Date
9M