CAMA Land Use Plan 1997 Update-1998

TOWN OF CHOCOWIMTY
CAMA LAND USE PLAN
1997 UPDATE
DCM COPY — _VW�A ` DCM COPY
Please do not remove!!!!!
Division of Coastal Management Copy
Local Adoption Date: March 3,1998
CRC Certification Date: March 27,1998

u
TOWN OF CHOCOWINITY
CAMA LAND USE PLAN
1997 UPDATE
Local Adoption Date: March 3,1998.
CRC Certification Date: March 27,1998
1
The preparation of this report was financed in part by a grant provided by the North Carolina Coastal Management
' Program through funds provided by the Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, as amended, which is administered
by the Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.

TOWN OF CHOCOWINITY
CAMA LAND USE PLAN
1997 UPDATE
PREPARED FOR -
Town Board---
WilliamAlbritton Arlene Jones
M. L. Dunbar Louise Furman
James H. Mobley, Jr., Mayor
Anne Crumple; Town Clerk
Barbara Cherry, Asst. Clerk
PREPARED BY:
_—Planning Board ----
Becky Deans Jesse Powers
Louise Dill Joe O'Neal
John Thompson
Tommy Elks, Chairman
With Assistance From:
Mid -East Commission
1 Harding Square
P.O. Drawer 1787
Washington, NC 27889
[phone]
Robert J. Paciocco, Planner -In -Charge
Joseph G. Dooley, Jr., Planning Director
Kevin Richards, Principal Land Use Planner
Ed Lynch, Land Use Planner
Joe Beck, CRAC Representative

TABLE OF CONTENTS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY............................................................................................................................. I
'
LINTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................................4
A.
LAND USE PLANNING................................................................................................................. 4
' B.
BACKGROUND............................................................................................................................. 5
H. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS............................................................................................ 8
A.
POPULATION................................................................................................................................8
' B.
ECONOMiY................................................................................................................................14
Implications.......... •
IS
IILLAND USE..........................................................................................................................................
20
' A.
EXISTING CONDPTIONS............................................................................................................
20
B.
RECENT DEVELOPMENT AND FUTURE GROWTH...............................................................
22
C.
LAND USE CONCERNS..............................................................................................................
22
D.
DEVELOPMENT CONTROLS.....................................................................................................
24
'
E.
DEVELOPMENT CONSTRAINTS..............................................................................................
26
Implications..................................................................................................................................
36
IV. 1993 POLICY ASSESSMENTS.......................................................................................................... 38
A. RESOURCE PROTECTION.........................................................................................................38
B. RESOURCE PRODUCTION AND MANAGEMENT................................................................... 41
C. ECONOMIC AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT.................................................................. 42
D. STORM HAZARDS......................................................................................................................45
E. PUBLIC PARTICIPATION........................................................................................................... 45
V. 1997 POLICY STATEMENTS........................................................................................................... 48
A. VISION STATEMENT................................................................................................................. 49
B. RESOURCE PROTECTION......................................................................................................... 49
C. RESOURCE PRODUCTION AND MANAGEMENT................................................................... 58
D. ECONOMIC AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT.................................................................. 61
E. PUBLIC PARTICIPATION........................................................................................................... 69
F. CONTINUING PUBLIC PARTICIPATION.................................................................................. 70
G. STORM HAZARDS, MITIGATION, POST DISASTER RECOVERY AND EVACUATION
PLANS................................................................................................................................... 74
VLLAND CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM................................................................................................. 80
A. DEVELOPED............................................................................................................................... 81
B. URBAN TRANSITION................................................................................................................. 81
C. LINUTED TRANSITION.............................................................................................................. 82
D. COMMUNITY..............................................................................................................................82
E. RURAL WITH SERVICES........................................................................................................... 82
F. RURAL......................................................................................................................................... 83
G. CONSERVATION........................................................................................................................83
VII. RELATIONSHIP OF POLICIES AND LAND CLASSIFICATION................................................. 86
APPENDIX A AGENCIES COORDINATING STORM PREPAREDNESS ............................................ 89
APPENDIX B PUBLIC PARTICIPATION PLAN.................................................................................... 93
APPENDIXC MAPS................................................................................................................................... 95

EXECUTIVE SUNEVIARY
Chocowinity is located in Southwest Beaufort County. The Town's 1995 population
was 809 and its population in 1997 was 801. This represents less than 2% of Beaufort
County's 1995 population of 43,330. Chocowinity's population experienced an increase
between 1990 (624) and 1995 (809), and a decrease between 1995 and 1997.
The Town's incorporated area is approximately 1.2 square miles. In 1990, there were
290 housing units. There is ample vacant land within the Chocowinity Planning Area to
accommodate new residential development. Although population growth is erratic,
development permits are on the rise. People are expected to continue moving into Town and
the surrounding area based on proximity to Washington, Greenville, New Bern, and the
Cypress Landing waterfront subdivision.
Chocowinity has a number of commercial enterprises and was home to one of the
largest manufacturing firms in the County. Many of the commercial operations are highway -
related uses such as gas stations, convenience stores and motels. The largest local employer
was Singer Furniture Company. The plant, which once employed about 600 persons in its
450,000 square foot plant, is now closed. Loss of the company is a major economic blow for
both the Town and the County. It is hoped that another investor will be found to take over the
business, but as of this writing, no buyers are in hand. Water -related enterprises include one
seafood processor located within the extraterritorial jurisdiction limits, and one large boat
builder (Fountain PowerBoats) which is not actually in the planning area but is significantly
close enough (in the adjacent Washington ETJ) to influence employment. Fountain
PowerBoats is anticipating expansion of its manufacturing capacity in the near future. New
businesses since the last update in 1993 include a machine shop and a concrete plant.
Economic needs in Chocowinity have resulted in support of growth in the Town.
Chocowinity relies on its ordinances and regulations to help discourage growth, which could
have an adverse effect on the Town. A review of the 1993 policy statements indicates that the
Town implemented 100% of the policy statements during the planning period. New policies in
Resource Protection rely on State and Federal regulations for direct protection of natural
resources. In the Resource Production and Management policy section, the Town also
1

supports State and Federal regulatory positions. Chocowinity supports organizations that
' strengthen economic and community development, and provide additional jobs. The Town will
not support any industries that impair the quality of life for its residents. Continued Public
' Participation policies provide ample opportunities for the public to learn about and express
their opinions about local matters relating to growth and development. Storm Hazard
' Mitigation policies address prohibiting high density development in hazardous areas.
Most of the land within the Town limits of Chocowinity is developed. However, in the
' ETJ, much of the land is undeveloped. The northeast section of the Chocowinity planning area
is classified as Wetlands. Farming is still a major land use in the ETJ. There is also a large
' section in the ETJ that is classified as Limited Transition.
This document represents the fourth update of the original 1981 CAMA plan.
Chocowinity was part of the Beaufort County CAMA plan in 1976.
2

TOWN OF CHOCOWINITY
1997 LAND USE PLAN UPDATE
L INTRODUCTION
A. LAND USE PLANNING
Land Use Planning has a long history in the Town of Chocowinity. This document
represents the fourth land use planning process undertaken by Chocowinity in an effort to
adhere to the regulations of the Coastal Area Management Act. The amendments to the land
use planning guidelines, effective March 1996, are taken into consideration within this
document. This document, as all previous land use plans, serves as a blueprint for future
development.
According to the Land Use Planning Guidelines issued by the North Carolina
Department of Environment and Natural Resources, the major purpose of periodic updating of
local land use plans is to identify and analyze emerging community issues and problems, and
help local governments establish and enforce policies to guide the development of their
respective municipalities.
The Guidelines further define the following objectives the update should meet:
1. to further define and refine local policies and issues;
2. to further examine and refine the land classification system and the land
classification map;
3. to assess the effectiveness of the existing land use plan and its implementation;
4. to further explore implementation procedures; and
5. to promote a better understanding of the land use planning process.
Because the preceding objectives reflect a continuing refinement of the original 1981
CAMA Plan, that original plan is utilized as a base for all updates. This is logical since some of
the data incorporated into previous plans is still applicable today. Thus, this update will
periodically refer to the 1981 CAMA Plan and its updates, dating 1987 and 1993.
The Land Use Plan is an instrument for local units of government to use in addressing
land use issues and developing local policies to guide in the development of their communities.
4

In order to fulfill and promote the preceding objectives, the Land Use Guidelines state
that Eleven Basic Elements must be addressed. The basic elements are:
1. Executive Summary [not applicable to Sketch Plans];
2. Introduction;
3. Goals and Objectives;
4. Data Collection and Analysis;
5. Present Conditions;
6. Constraints;
7. Estimated Demands;
8. Policy Statements;
9. Land Classification;
10. Intergovernmental Coordination and Implementation; and
11. Public Participation.
These Eleven (11) Elements represent a minimum level of planning necessary to fulfill
the objectives of the Coastal Area Management Act. Counties and municipalities shall use
these minimum guidelines as a foundation from which to establish a more comprehensive
planning and management process. The Land Use Plan shall be written as clearly as possible.
The format and organization of the plan will enable users to find needed items quickly and
easily. The local government shall ensure that its Land Use Plan meets these substantive
requirements.
This update will, where applicable, refer to the 1981 document and its updates.
B. BACKGROUND
Well before the American Revolution, native Americans, probably of the Tuscaroran
Tribe, inhabited the Chocowinity area. Early residents may have come from the Bath area
according to historians who believe the early pattern of movement was upstream on the south
side of the river. .In contrast to other early settlements in the area, which developed as port
communities along the river and were incorporated in the eighteenth century, Chocowinity
developed as a crossroads community. The Town was originally called Godley's Crossroads
5

Iand was not incorporated as a Town until 1959. Its present name stems from the Indian name
t"Choca-wa-na-teth" which means "Fish from many waters."
In 1773, Parson Nathaniel Blount had a chapel built in Godley's Crossroads. A large
' one -room school was built across the branch from the creek and was called "the Big White
School House. In 1879 a boarding school was established in the Town. Trinity School,
tnamed for Trinity Church (the former Blount's Chapel) educated young men and women in
religious studies until its closing in 1908.
' The Town developed as a crossroads community, and transportation routes still have
major impacts on the Town. US Highway 17, a major north/south route in Eastern North
' Carolina, and NC Highway 33, intersect in the Town. Two Norfolk Southern rail lines also
intersect in Town. A railroad -switching yard is located at the Marsden Railroad Station.
' The Town is more directly oriented towards land -related rather than water -related
activities. Land use activities within the Town do have an effect on local water resources,
since the Pamlico River watershed surrounds the Town and its extraterritorial area. The center
of Town is located a little over two miles from Chocowinity Bay, and less than three miles
1 from the Pamlico River itself. Extensive areas of wetlands are found in the extraterritorial area
' to the north and to the east. Maple Branch has its origin in the southern half of Town, flowing
southeast to join Chocowinity Creek as it flows north to Chocowinity Bay. Crawford and
' Sidney Creeks flow through wetland areas in the northeastern extraterritorial area, and Chapel
Branch flows along the extraterritorial boundary on the west.
N.

1 II. DATA COLLECTION &ANALYSIS

M DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
A. POPULATION
' Chocowinity is one of seven incorporated areas in Beaufort County. The County itself
occupies about 827 square miles of Eastern Coastal North Carolina and is the Eighth Largest
' County in the state (Figure 1), with the second largest population in Region Q (Table 1).
Chocowinity incorporated area constitutes 1.2 square miles or about one tenth of one percent
' of the County's overall area.
Between 1980 and 1990, all municipalities in Beaufort County except the City of
Washington experienced a population decline. Based on State estimates since the 1990
' Census, the Town of Bath, Town of Chocowinity, and City of Washington have all gained
population as of 1995. Chocowinity's estimated growth presumably is the largest estimated
' growth rate in the County. Table 2 shows the population changes over time. Chocowinity's
population growth is probably influenced by its proximity to Washington, Greenville, New
' Bern, and newly developed Cypress Landing, a Weyerhaeuser Waterfront Golf Community
east of Chocowinity on Chocowinity Bay. The Town is also located along a major
' transportation route. The official census count for 1990 was 624 persons, compared to 644 in
1980 and an estimate of 809 in 1995. The Town completed an annexation in June of 1990,
' which was not reflected in the census figures (recorded as of January 1, 1990). Approximately
150 persons were added to the 1990 count with this action. Certainly, this accounts for the
' great majority of growth in population, but even without the annexation action, growth
estimates would be higher than other Beaufort County communities at over 5%.
The age structure in Chocowinity shifted between 1980 and 1990, with gains in age
groups 45 and older as a percentage of the population, as well as the very youngest (1-4 years)
group. In 1990, over 55% of the population were between the ages of 20 and 64. Another
18% were ages 65 and over, while the remaining 27% were between ages birth to 20.
Increases in very young or very old age groups can reflect growing dependency of the
population on support systems such as health care, daycare, home care, .and schools. Table 3
shows the 1990 age breakdown. No municipal estimates are made for population

characteristics in non -census years. The nationwide trend is toward higher median age as the
baby -boomers enter middle age.
1. Housing
Chocowinity's 1990 population was housed among 290 housing units. The period
between 1980 and 1990 was a very slow growth period for Chocowinity, with the number of
units increasing only about 2%. Just over half of the 1990 housing units were owner -occupied.
Single family dwellings made up 70% of the housing stock, but 66% of all units were built
prior to 1970. Although much of the housing stock is more than 20 years old, the condition of
these houses is, for the most part, sound. Housing values are relatively low in Chocowinity.
Only 13% of all units were valued at $50,000 or more, but at the same time, just 3% were
considered substandard housing, compared to 10% in 1980. This change can probably be
attributed to an aggressive Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) housing
rehabilitation program, which is pursued by the Town Board. In 1990, about 22% of the
housing units were mobile homes, compared to 19% in 1980. Table 4 shows development
permits issued within the Chocowinity planning area between 1990 and 1996.
There is ample vacant land within the Chocowinity Planning Area to accommodate new
residential development. In 1990, 93% of the housing stock utilized septic tanks for
wastewater sanitation. In 1993, Chocowinity came on-line with its sewer system, removing one
significant local constraint to development. The Town desires additional real property housing
units so that the tax base will sustain growing public needs and so that the Town image
projects permanence, visual appeal, and safe living conditions.
9

FIGURE I
N.C. COUNTIES
C

TABLE 1
REGIONAL
POPULATION DATA
% Change
% Change
% Change
County
1960
1970
1980
1970-1980
1990
1980-1990
1995(est.)
1990-1995
Bertie County
24,350
20,528
21,024
2.4%
20,388
-3.0%
20,638
1.2%
Hertford County
22,718
23,529
23,368
-0.7%
22,523
-3.6%
22,468
-0.2%
Martin County
27,139
24,730
25,948
4.9%
25,078
-3.4%
25,842
3.0%
Pitt County
69,942
73,900
83,651
13.2%
107,924
29.0%
117,420
8.8%
Region
180,163
178,667
194346
8.8%
218,196
12.3%
229,698
5.3%
State
4,556,155
5,082,059
5,881,766
15.7%
6,628,637
12.7%
7,194,238
8.5%
TABLE 2
COUNTY POPULATION
DATA
% Change
% Change
% Change
Municipalities
1960
1970
1980
1970-1980
1990
1980-1990
1995 (est.)
1990-1995
Aurora
449
620
698
12.6%
654
-6.3%
640
-2.1%
Bath
346
231
207
-10.4%
154
-25.6%
190
23.4%
Belhaven
2,386
2,259
2,430
7.6%
2,269
-6.6%
2,212
-2.5%
Pantego
262
218
185
-15.1%
171
-7.6%
170
-0.6%
Washington
9,939
8,961
8,418
-6.1%
9,160
8.8%
9,421
2.8%
Washington Park
574
517
514
-0.6%
486
-5.4%
482
-0.8%
Unincorp. Area
21,478
22,608
27,259
20.6%
28,765
5.5%
29,406
2.2%
Beaufort County
36,014
35,980
40,355
12.2%
42,283
4.8%
43,330
2.5%
Sources: US Census; NC Department of Commerce; Office of State Planning

N
TABLE 3
POPULATION BY AGE AND RACE
TOWN OF CHOCOWINITY
1990 CLUSTER
% GROUP
AGE WHITE 'BLACK OTHER TOTAL OF POP %
Under 1
13
3
0
16
2.6%
1-4
18
10
0
28
4.5%
5-9
25
16
0
41
6.6%
10-14
25
18
0
43
6.9%
15-19
26
14
0
40
6.4% ,.............................
20-24
33
6
0
39
6.3%
25-29
35
4
0
39
6.3%
30-34
37
10
0
47
7.5%
35-39
26
6
0
32
5.1%
4044
30
7
0
37
5.9%
4549
31
2
0
33
5.3%
50-54
36
3
0
39
6.3%
55-59
44
4
0
48
7.7%
6 -64
29
4
0
33
5.3%
65-69
32
1
0
33
5.3%
70-74
27
8
0
35
5.6% :................
75-79
18
3
0
21
3.4%
80-84
13
0
0
13
2.1%
85+
5
2
0
7
1.1%`<>>
TOTAL:
503
121
0
624
100%
Source: US Census; and office of State Budget and Planning

w
TABLE 4
TOWN OF CHOCOWINITY
DEVELOPMENT PERMITS 1990-1996
...:::.::....:..................'X:.SSE.:t41�:.�E'.OP�3'x`...................
�.���......:......:.:
�.99.t::.::::.::.:::::
�.�£,%..�::::::::::::::: �.�.:..:..:.......................................................:.:..:
�5:.::::::::::::::::::.::::
New Residence
2
3
4
2
1
8
8
<<
New Construction (non-res)
0
0
0
2
3
3
0<`<
8
Room Additions
1
1
2
3
4
3
2
Out Buildings
8
3
5
2
4
3
3
Bldg. Add-ons
4
2
4
2
5
4
3<><'<':.
MHP Addition
0
0
0
0
0
0
Sign
4
1
3
7
2
5
3€`
Fence
1
0
2
0
1
.........................
Source: Town Zoning Records

B. ECONOMY
The largest Chocowinity employment sectors in 1990 were Retail Sales (25.8%), and
Durable Goods Manufacturing (23.5%). The largest gains were seen in durable goods
manufacturing, business and repair services, and construction. The greatest employment sector
losses were in Agriculture/Forestry/Fishing and Public Administration. In the years since the
Census, there has been some positive economic influence in the area from the opening of
Weyerhaeuser's Cypress Landing Golf Community, east of Chocowinity.
Income increased significantly at all levels between the 1980 and 1990 Census. Actual
per capita income increased over 95%. Adjusted for inflation, spendable income increased just
over 30%. Table 5 shows Income and a variety of other socio-economic Census data for
Chocowinity and Beaufort County. Table 6 shows Beaufort County employment by sector for
the years 1980, 1990, and 1994. Table 7 shows gross retail sales for Beaufort County for
1980-96.
Washington is the commercial center of the County, however Chocowinity has a
number of commercial enterprises and is home to one of the largest manufacturing firms in the
County. Many of the commercial operations are highway -related uses such as gas stations,
convenience stores and motels.
The Town had two manufacturing firms inside its planning jurisdiction. The largest
local employer was the Singer Furniture Company. The plant once employed about 600
persons in its 450,000 square foot plant. More recently that number decreased to 322, and
further economic downturns have now forced the Singer Company to announce closing of its
furniture operations across the state. Loss of the company is a major economic blow for both
the Town and the county. It is hoped that another investor will be found to take over the
business, but at this writing, no buyers are in hand. Water -related enterprises include one
seafood processor located in the extraterritorial jurisdiction, and one large boat builder
(Fountain Power Boats) which is not actually in the planning area but which is significantly
close enough (in the adjacent Washington ETJ) to influence employment. Fountain
PowerBoats is anticipating expansion of its manufacturing capacity in the near future. New
14

' businesses since the last update in 1993 include a machine shop and a concrete plant. Table 8
' shows the largest employers in the area.
Implications
' Chocowinity has begun to show growth. The population is expanding and
development permits are on the rise. People are expected to continue moving into Town and
the surrounding area based on proximity to Washington, Greenville, New Bern, and the
Cypress Landing waterfront subdivision. The population is aging; the Town has more older
people and less young people than it did ten years ago. A major highway divides the Town,
but this highway is anticipated to move westward within the planning period. The Town was
' home to a major manufacturing firm, which closed in mid-1997. The new sewer system has
' ripened vacant areas inside Town for development and presents opportunities for expansion of
service to areas outside current corporate limits.
' As the Town continues to grow, the need for proper land use planning increases. This
plan represents a major local effort to prepare the community for the changes it is likely to
' experience over the next ten years. Anticipated growth will not cause undue service delivery
problems. Facility capacity is discussed further in Section HI.E.3. Water quality is discussed
' in Section III.E.2.
15

TABLES
1990 CENSUS
SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS
SAMPLE DATA
POPULATION
URBAN
RURAL
ED ATTAINMENT
PERSONS 25 & OVER
UTH GRADE
9M TO 12TH
HS GRAD
SOME COLLEGE
ASSOC DEGREE
BACH DEGREE
HIGHER DEGREE
% HS GRAD OR MORE
COMMUTE TO WORK
TRAVEL TIME(MINS)
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
AGE 16+ IN LF
#EMPLOYED
PERCENT EMPLOYED
EMPLOYMENT SECTORS
TOTALEMPLOYED
AG/FOREST/FISH
MINNG
CONSTRUCTION
MFG.(NON-DURABLE)
MFG.(DURABLE)
TRANSPORTATION
COMMUNIC. & PUB. UTIL.
WHOLESALE TRADE
RETAIL TRADE
FINANCE/INSJILEST.
BUS. & REPAIR SER.
PERSONAL SERVICE
ENT. & REC. SERV.
HEALTH SERVICES
ED. SERVICES
OTHER PROF. SERV.
PUB. ADMIN.
INCOME -
MEDIAN HSHLD
MEDIAN FAMILY
PER CAPITA
POVERTY STATUS (ALL)
FEMALE HSHLD
65 & OVER
HOUSING UNITS
NO COMP. PLUM.
PUBLIC H2O
PUBLIC SEWER
1990
1990
1990
1980
1990
ACTUAL
PERCENT
BEAUFORT
TOTAL
TOTAL
CHOCOWINITY CHOCOWINITY
CHANGE
CHANGE
COUNTY
REGION Q
STATE
658
632
-26
-6.6%
42,283
218,196
6,628,637
658
632
-26
-6.6%
12,960
90,284
3,335,570
0
0
0
0.0%
29,323
127,912
3,293,067
404
440
36
3.0%
27,827
133,275
4,253,494
103
109
5
4.9%
4,369
20,794
539,974
85
80
-5
-5.9%
5,116
25,199
737,773
173
185
12
6.9%
9,322
37,902
1,232,868
30
32
2
6.7%
4,359
20,392
713,713
N/A
21
N/A
N/A
1,642
8,222
290,117
13
7
-6
-46.2%
2,144
13,581
510,003
N/A
7
N/A
N/A
875'
7,185
229,046
53.5%
57.3%
3.8%
65.9%
65.5%
70.0%
7
306
306
ERR
18,961
100,144
3,300,481
7
18.5
18.5
ERR
20.9
20.1
19.8
332
322
-10
-3.0%
20,426
107,972
3,401,495
323
310
-13
-4.0%
19,187
101,546
3,238,414
2.7%
3.7%
1.0%
6.1%
6.0%
4.8%
323
310
-13
4.0%
19,187
101,546
3,238,414
6.8%
1.3%
-18
-5.5%
5.8%
5.3%
2.8%
ABOVE
0.0%
0
N/A
0.4%
0.1%
0.2%
2.8%
8.1%
16
5.3%
7.2%
6.5%
7.0%
14.6%
12.9%
-7
-1.6%
16.3%
15.6%
14.9%
15.2%
23.5%
24
8.4%
14.0%
10.6%
11.7%
4.3%
3.5%
-3
-0.8%
2.3%
2.2%
3.8%
3.4%
0.6%
-9
-2.8%
1.9%
1.9%
2.6%
5.0%
0.6%
-14
4.3%
3.3%
3.7%
4.2%
22.9%
25.8%
6
2.9%
17.1%
17.2%
16.1%
3.1%
1.3%
-6
-1.8%
3.6%
3.5%
5.1%
0.9%
6.5%
17
5.5%
2.7%
2.9%
3.9%
5.6%
3.5%
-7
-2.0%
2.3%
2.7%
2.8%
ABOVE
0.0%
0
N/A
0.6%
0.7%
1.0%
4.0%
3.9%
-1
-0.2%
8.0%
7.8%
7.2%
4.3%
1.9%
-8
-2.4%
7.8%
11.3%
8.0%
0.6%
5.2%
14
4.5%
3.5%
4.0%
5.1%
6.5%
1.3%
-17
-5.2%
3.1%
3.4%
3.6%
$10,978
$20,909
$9,931
90.5%
$21,738
$20,206
$26,647
$14,740
$22,656
$7,916
53.7%
$26,010
$24,907
$31,548
$4,941
$9,727
$4,786
96.9%
$10,722
$9,852
$12,885
16.6%
20.1%
18
3.5%
19.5%
23.0%
13.0%
24.0%
60.7%
11
36.7%
43.1%
44.4%
31.0%
41.4%
23.2%
-7
-18.2%
283
290
7
2.5%
19,598
89,973
2,818,193
35
18
-17
48.6%
723
3,108
42,962
239
271
32
13.4%
6,762
56,761
1,843,476
31
17
-14
45.2%
5,608
42,538
1,403,033
16

TABLE 6.
BEAUFORT COUNTY EMPLOYMENT
........ ..;:::.:::.::::.::.::.:...<.... .........:;::::.:.::..:::;:.:::::::.::.::::::::..:�:.:..�:::.::.....:::�..........:..............................
1980
1990
1994
Total Employment
20,902
23,537
23,744
Wage and Salary Employment
17,117
19,483
19,155
Total Proprietors
32785
4,054
4,589
Farm Proprietors
1,176
680
632
Non -farm Proprietors
2,609
3,374
3,957
Farm Industry Employment
1,961
1,189
1,130
Non -farm Industry Employment
18,941
22,348
22,614
Private Industry Employment
16,541
19,356
19,446
Agricultural Service/Forestry/Fishing/Other Employment
394
516
842
Mining Industry Employment
0
0
0
Construction Industry Employment
932
1,032
0
Manufacturing Industry Employment
5,490
5,651
6,515
Transportation and Public Utility Employment
519
808
938
Wholesale Trade Employment
990
1,118
926
Retail Trade Employment
2,821
3,791
3,661
Finance/Insurance/Real Estate Employment
926
692
723
Service Industry Employment
0
0
0
Government Employment
2,400
2,992
3,168
Federal Civilian Government Employment
127
134
141
Military Employment
140
160
165
State/Local Government Employment
2,133
2,698
2,862
Note: Zero represents suppressed data.
17

M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M
00
TABLE
GROSS RETAIL SALES (000s)
A xea
. ..................... ............. ... ... .....................
1980
1985
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
Beaufort County
$223,745
$289,045
$333,998
$327,764
$320,662
$342,602
$364,499
$377,785
$396,506
Bertie County
$50,996
$64,487
$62,792
$65,774
$63,499
$66,904
$72,101
$69,774
$72,622
Hertford County
$120,747
$166,839
$204,101
$195,621
$188,348
$186,800
$205,933
$214,226
$240,316
Martin County
$103,241
$125,435
$157,937
$162,168
$172,761
$181,268
$184,670
$201,817
$217,133
1 Pitt County 1
$462,937
$735,826
$960,324
$886,750
$924,524
$987,563
$1,155,921
$1,294,650
$1,420,060
Source: NC Department of Commerce
TABLE
MAJOR AREA EMPLOYERS
Chocowinity Red & White
Grocer
13
Chocowinity Schools
Public Education
140
Food Pride
Grocer
50
Fountain Power Boats
Boat Construction
356
Hardee's Skat Thru
Restaurant
37
OBI Linings Inc.
Metal Fabrication
25
Osprey Seafood
Seafood Products
50
Singer Furniture
Furniture Manufacturing
closed
Tidewater Equipment
Logging Equipment
20
WITN-TV
Communications
89
*Note: Not within the Town's Planning jurisdiction.
Source: Telephone survey, Mid -East Commission, February 1997.

w
A
a

III. LAND USE
'
A. EXISTING CONDITIONS
' The Town encompasses an area of just over one square mile. Including the
extraterritorial area, the Chocowinity planning area covers more than five square miles of
Beaufort County. The planning area is elliptical in shape. US Hwy. 17 bisects the area into
northern and southern halves. NC Hwy. 33 intersects US Hwy. 17 in the center of Town and
divides the area into eastern and western halves.
Much of the road -front area within the City limits has been developed, but there are
scattered interior areas of vacant and agricultural land, which could be converted to other uses.
Most development is residential in nature, however there are also a good many commercial and
1 industrial uses for such a small community. US Hwy. 17 eastward from the intersection of NC
Highway 33 is primarily commercial in nature although some residential dwellings are found
' interspersed among commercial operations. Many businesses have taken advantage of their
' highway location and have large parking lots fronting the roadway and fairly large on -premise
signs. Along the highways are retail operations: Two mobile home sales lots; gas stations,
' service enterprises; a dry cleaning establishment; a video rental; motels; restaurants; ABC
store; clothing outlets; beauty shops; grocery stores, auto repair; farm supply; Farm Bureau
Insurance; mini -storage; and a bank. The headquarters of WITN-TV is also located along the
highway. A few other commercial uses are found in scattered locations throughout the
planning area.
The Town has a large industrial area adjoining the rail line east of N. C. 33. Norfolk
Southern Railroad has a switching yard and rail station here, and Singer Furniture had a large
manufacturing operation just north of the rail yard on Singer Road between the railroad and
' Patrick Lane. In the same general vicinity, there is a concrete facility and two other small
industrial types of uses.
' Residential development is scattered throughout the jurisdiction. Mobile home
development has dominated new starts in the planning jurisdiction over the past several years.
The most prominent area of new mobile homes is along Taylor Rd. in the western portion of
the ETJ. There are a number of mobile home parks. (The Town's definition of a mobile home
1 20

park is three or more on a single lot.) Several of these are within the Town limits: one on
North End Avenue - D & J Trailer Park; another along NC 33 across from the Red and White
' food store - Mills Trailer Park; and the largest, Moderaire Trailer Park, is found on Barnes Dr.,
east of US 17. The Crawford Mobile Home Park is in the extraterritorial area on Gray Road
' and the Harris Acres development is found just within the extraterritorial area off US 17.
' There is also a very large mobile home park (Elks) on Mill Road, west of the railroad line.
Huntley Trailer Park is located on Ballard Street. Most residential uses are single-family
dwellings. The planning area contains one multi -family development, and a new apartment
complex is under construction as of this writing. The Mid -East Regional Housing Authority
' operates Barnes Court, a 20-unit public housing development, Northwest of Town on Railroad
Street. Taylor Place is under construction along US Hwy. 17 near the Post Office. A total of
' 32 units are planned, with 8 units now completed.
There are a number of institutional uses in the planning area. There are several
' churches located both inside and outside the Town limits. The Municipal Building, Fire
Department, and the U. S. Post Office are all found on US 17 in the eastern half of Town. On
' US 17 just west of its intersection with NC 33 is Chocowinity High School (serving grades 6
through 12), and the Chocowinity Primary School (Grades Pre-K to 5) is located in the
extraterritorial area on SR 1136 (Gray Road). A new high school is planned for the south side
of the river. It will be located about 5 or 6 miles east of Chocowinity on Highway 33 at
Possum Track Rd. When the new school is completed, Chocowinity High School will be
' converted to a middle school.
Over Ninety Percent (90%) of the extraterritorial area is undeveloped. Much of this
' land has been cleared for agricultural uses and the planning area still contains many active
farms. Wooded areas are found scattered between cleared fields and much of the area east of
Gray Rd. (SR 1136) and adjoining NC 33 to the south is wooded. This area is mostly zoned
R-1, which allows a wide range of low -density residential or institutional uses. Any industrial
or commercial enterprises will require rezoning action as land converts from farm uses.

B. RECENT DEVELOPMENT AND FUTURE GROWTH
There have been few substantial changes in land use since 1993. Scattered residential
development has occurred along existing roads, usually in the ETJ. Table 4 in Chapter I shows
the development permits issued between 1990 and 1996. New development accounts for only
about 35% of building permits(other than signs and fences) issued in the Town's jurisdiction.
Currently the Town offices are located in a new Municipal Building on Highway 17.
The old Municipal Building is now utilized entirely by the Fire Department. The Town would
like to develop land adjacent to the high school for recreational purposes, and plans are now
under way to improve the existing facility.
Local development has been severely limited by lack of septic alternatives in the past;
however, a public sewer system was put into place in 1993. The Town has an agreement with
the City of Washington whereby Chocowinity pumps its wastewater to the City's treatment
facility for disposal. With US Hwy. 17 bisecting the community, the Town would appear
attractive for new commercial development. Similarly, the area appears ripe for residential
development, being only about 25 miles from the growing Greenville area and just across the
Pamlico River from the City of Washington.
Since the 1993 update, the Town has begun investigating an ETJ extension as well as
establishment of a utility service district.
The Town has approved the proposal for a Food Lion shopping center on US 17.
Additionally, the Weyerhaeuser Corporation has developed a large residential golf community
and marina on Chocowinity Bay. The development supports an 18-hole golf course
surrounded by approximately 850 residential dwelling sites and an active marina. To date, 300
lots have been sold. Developers expect build -out in about 6 years at this rate of development.
The subdivision utilizes Chocowinity's groundwater and wastewater pumping facility to
address drinking water and wastewater needs. The City of Washington contracted to treat the
community's waste.
C. LAND USE CONCERNS
Problems with failing septic systems noted in the 1987 and 1993 Plans have now been
addressed within the corporate limits. Expansion of service to locations in the extraterritorial
22

jurisdiction will be better addressed if the Town and County mutually adopt the Utility Service
District plan. The Town anticipates continued residential and commercial growth as a result of
having this sewer system in place.
US Hwy. 17 is a major north/south route in Eastern North Carolina. The highway
divides the Town into distinct northern and southern halves. It is difficult for pedestrians to
cross the heavily traveled four -lane highway. The highway is a major truck route. Large
logging trucks and trucks carrying industrial chemicals create noise, and public safety is a
concern should an accident occur. The highway has also attracted strip commercial
development. Many of the businesses along the highway have large parking lots fronting the
roadway. There have been a number of accidents from vehicles entering and exiting the many
driveways along the highway and many signs have been erected both on and off -premise.
While this congestion has been a problem for the Town, there is also concern that the proposed
re-routing of US Hwy. 17 about 5 miles west of Washington might have a detrimental effect
on commercial activity in the area. An alternative, which leaves the highway in close proximity
to Chocowinity, would be most acceptable to the Town. North Carolina Department of
Transportation has not made a final decision on the new location of the highway, but it is
generally agreed that it will be re -located. It is hoped that moving the highway will provide an
opportunity to unify the Town's development patterns. There has been long-standing local
interest in developing sidewalks and bike routes to accommodate pedestrian traffic within the
commercial areas, but this has not been affordable to date.
Local officials recognize the possibility of rail accidents at the Norfolk Southern rail
yard since some of the trains carry hazardous materials from industries such as PCS Phosphate.
A chemical spill could contaminate land and water resources. Should an accident occur, there
is risk of explosion and fire. Public health and safety would be endangered and environmental
quality threatened as well. The Chocowinity Volunteer Fire Department has received training
in handling hazardous material emergencies.
Residents express concerns about development of large-scale hog operations in the
vicinity. They fear that intensive livestock operations would devalue property and have a
negative impact on the aesthetic appeal for future residential and commercial development.
23

D. DEVELOPMENT CONTROLS
Land development in the Town is controlled by a variety of local, state and federal
regulations. Plans and policies enacted by the Town, the County and various state agencies
influence local land use decisions as well. For example, the Beaufort County Building
Inspector and the Beaufort County Health Department enforce State Building Codes and
Septic Tank permits for the Town, respectively. The State Division of Environmental
Management controls point source wastewater dischargers. The US Army Corps of Engineers
limits the dredge and fill activities on 404 wetlands.
1. Regulatory Controls
Local ordinances controlling land use decisions are described below.
• The Chocowinity Zoning Ordinance was adopted in 1982 and updated in 1989.
An ordinance for the purpose of promoting the Public Health, Safety, Morals
and General Welfare; and to provide for Zoning Districts within the Town in
accordance with G.S. 160A, Article 19.
• Subdivision Regulations adopted in 1988 to establish procedures and standards
for the development and subdivision of land within the Town of Chocowinity.
• Mobile Home Park Re lug ations are included in the Zoning Ordinance and are
intended to allow the development of mobile home parks in the Corporate
Limits while maintaining a reasonable population density.
• Floodplain Regulations ations have not been adopted, but the Town will comply with
County Regulations.
• Septic Tank Regulations tions in effect are those promulgated by the State and
enforced by the County Health Department. These are only needed in the
extraterritorial jurisdiction. In -town residents are regulated by the Town's
Water and Sewer Ordinance.
• A Noise Ordinance was adopted in 1960 and updated in 1976 and 1989 making
it unlawful for any person, firm or corporation to create or permit any loud
disturbing and unnecessary noise in the Town.
24

• The State Building Code is enforced by the County Building Inspector in
accordance with standards of N.C.G.S. 143-138 and as amended and
supplemented.
• A Housing_ Code was adopted locally in 1992 in conjunction with a CDBG
Rehabilitation grant, Fair Housing Law, US Civil Rights Act, and NC Statutes
Chapter 41-A, prohibiting discrimination in housing.
• Beaufort CouM Planning Area Solid Waste Management Plan was adopted in
July 1997 as prepared in accordance with N.C.G.S. 130A-309.09A(b),
providing for the management of solid waste and its reduction for the next ten
years.
2. Development Plans
The State's Transportation Improvement Program (TIP) lists one project currently
under way that may effect development in the Chocowinity area. It proposes a realignment of
US 17 to approximately Five Miles West of the City of Washington, as well as several other
alternate realignments, none of which to date have been approved or clearly defined.
Washington business people have raised objections to this proposal and no final right of way
has been decided by the State at this time. Town officials keep in close contact with DOT on
this project in order to prepare themselves for whatever change will occur.
The Town has no official Capital Improvement Plan. The Town received a Community
Development Block Grant (CDBG) for housing improvements in 1991 and another in 1995.
The Town currently maintains a playground on land leased from Singer and a Recreation
Committee operates a summer recreation program there. The committee would like to expand
recreational opportunities. Land was purchased in 1996. In 1997, a grant from PARTF was
awarded for Phase 1. Planning and implementation is underway. Facilities to be provided
during Phase 1 would include two (2) picnic shelters, a parking area, playground equipment,
and two (2) ball fields. Reconstruction in the event of a natural disaster would be directed by
the County's multi -hazard mitigation.
An annexation feasibility study was conducted in 1988, which suggested 4 possible
areas for Annexation. Two of those Four have now been annexed.
25

' 3. Development Policies
' The Town has no official Utilities Extension Policy. The Town has an unofficial policy
not to extend water service if by so doing, water demand will exceed 50% of total production.
' The CAMA Land Use Plan lists policies on resource issues within the jurisdiction.
' E. DEVELOPMENT CONSTRAINTS
1. Land Suitability
Several physical factors constrain land development in the Chocowinity area. Physical
constraints can be classified into one of three categories: physical limitations, fragile areas, and
' areas of resource potential.
Physical Limitations for Development. A variety of factors determine the suitability of
tland for development. These include soils and subsoil conditions, topography, potential for
flooding, and existing land uses in the development area.
' There are several areas outside of Town subject to flooding. The Federal Insurance
Administration (FIA) has defined the Zone A floodplain as those areas which have a 1% or
' greater chance of flooding in any year. In communities such as Chocowinity which participate
in the National Flood Insurance Program, the lowest floor of residential buildings must be
' elevated at or above base flood level as determined by FIA; non-residential structures can be
flood -proofed instead. Most of the extraterritorial area East of Town toward the Pamlico
River has been identified as Zone -A floodplain. A long narrow flood -prone area is found
outside of Town adjoining Chapel Branch west of S. R. 1157 and S. R. 1143. To the South of
' Town, floodplain adjoins Maple Branch and its tributary, and a fairly large flood -prone area is
' found south of S. R. 1136 adjoining Chocowinity Creek. Over 95% of the area's Zone -A
floodplain is found outside the Town's corporate limits. The only flood -prone area in Town is
' found along Maple Branch in the area of Chocowinity High School.
The presence of poor soils can also limit the development of land resources. Soil
' conditions determine the suitability of the land for in -ground sewage disposal systems. Before
land can be built on, the stability, bearing capacity, and erodibility of the soil must also be
' considered. The major soils found in the Chocowinity area are listed in Table 9.
1
26

' Much of the planning area is comprised of the Craven -type soils 5A and 5B. These are
' moderately well drained soils on uplands. These soils are highly acidic and permeability is
slow. Leaf loam (85) is another common soil type in the Chocowinity area. This is a nearly
' level, poorly drained soil on uplands. Like the Craven soils, Leaf loam soils are very strongly
acidic and have a very slow permeability. All three of these soil types are poorly suited to
' urban uses due to their slow permeability and wetness. In fact, slow permeability and wetness
are characteristic of many soils in the area. As shown in Table 9, twelve of the area's 16 soil
' types have severe limitations for building construction, primarily due to their wetness. The
slow permeability or "tightness" of the area's soils makes the siting of in -ground sewage
' treatment systems difficult. According to the Soil Conservation Service, only three of the
area's sixteen soils types are considered suitable for in -ground systems; the remaining thirteen
' have been identified as having severe limitations for septic tank absorption fields. Failing septic
systems were a common problem in the past. The new sewer system has eliminated poor soils
' as a major constraint to development in the Chocowinity area.
The area has no steep slopes that might constrain development. The terrain varies from
' flat, flood -prone areas to gently rolling hills. The only man-made hazard that might impose
development constraints is the Norfolk Southern rail line. An accident involving a train
' carrying hazardous materials poses severe risks to development that occurs near the rail line or
' the switching yard.
Many communities are now adopting regulations to control development in the
' recharge area of public water supply wells. A considerable amount of development has already
occurred near one of the Town's two public wells. Residential uses surround the Town's well
off Edgewood Drive. The area around the Town's other well off Hughes Street is
undeveloped. The well is about 200 yards from the rail line. Officials have expressed concern
tover possible contamination to water supply in the event of a rail accident.
2. Water Quality
Three 14-digit hydrologic units within the Tar -Pamlico watershed divide the Town of
Chocowinity and its planning jurisdiction. The planning jurisdiction occupies very small
percentages of each hydrologic unit, making up not more than 2.4 percent of any one total unit
area. The hydrologic units influenced by Chocowinity are 03020103080020 (Tranters Creek,
27

Tar River); 03020104010010 (Hills Creek #1, Pamlico River); and 03010104010020 (Hills
Creek #2, Pamlico River). Tranters Creek lies in the western portion of town and is shared by
the Pitt County town of Grimesland as well as portions of the City of Washington ETJ. Hills
Creek #1 is located in the southern portion of the planning area and extends nearly to the
Craven County line. Hills Creek #2 takes in most of the town to the north and east, and
extends to the centerline of the Pamlico River. Whichards Beach falls into this unit. Farmland,
swamp forest, roadways, rail lines and scattered low -density residential development are
present in the non jurisdictional areas of the hydrologic units. The largest open waters are
Crawford Creek and the upstream reaches of Chocowinity Creek at Sidney Creek. Chapel
Branch flows through the western portion of the planning area and Maple Creek extends
roughly along the south side of Highway 33 east. All of these creeks are Use Class C streams
with a supplemental classification of Nutrient Sensitive Waters (NSW). The Use Class
indicates that the waters should be clean enough to support secondary recreation (swimming),
aquatic life, agriculture and non -water supply/non-food related uses. The supplemental class
of NSW indicates that these streams and their receiving waters have a history of alga blooms,
contributing to fish kills, anoxia, odor, and taste problems. Sources of these nutrients are
believed to be runoff from the drainage area of fertilizers, animal waste, and wastewater
treatment outfall.
Water quality information provided by the State is predicated on the Division of Water
Quality. "Use Support" data, which indicates the classes of uses which are being or should be
supported in each water body. There are four categories of Use Support: Full, Threatened,
Partial, and Non -supporting. The Use Classes for freshwater are: WS, B, C, SW, HQW,
NSW, and ORW. Class WS waters are designated to support withdrawal for public water
supply. Class B waters should support primary recreational uses (swimming on an organized
or frequent basis) plus C activities. Class C waters should support secondary recreation
(swimming on an unorganized or infrequent basis), aquatic life propagation and survival,
agriculture, and other non -water supply or non-food related uses. The supplemental classes of
SW (Swamp Waters), HQW (High Quality Waters), NSW (Nutrient Sensitive Waters), and
ORW (Outstanding Resource Waters) may apply to open water areas where these descriptions
are appropriate. Stormwater Disposal Rules apply to development that requires a CAMA
28

' ' permit or disturbs more than 1 acre of land along all Class B and C waters in the coastal
major p g
' region.
At specified sampling stations, water is tested for dissolved oxygen, temperature,
' acidity (pH), turbidity, fecal coliform bacteria, chlorophyll a, ammonia, arsenic, cadmium,
chromium, copper, lead, nickel, mercury, zinc, chloride, fluoride, and selenium. To be deemed
' "Fully supporting" the standard criteria for any one pollutant cannot be exceeded in more than
10% of the measurements. "Partially supporting" status applies to those areas in which any
' one pollutant exceeds standard criteria in 11-25% of the measurements. "Non -supporting"
status applies to areas in which any one pollutant exceeds the criteria in more than 25% of the
' measurements.
The streams inside the Town's boundaries are not reported as to use support levels, but
' the receiving streams of Hills Creek and forward into the Pamlico River are all shown as
Partially Supporting.
' Fragile Areas. Wetland areas border the planning area on the north and east. Wetland
areas in the northern extraterritorial area are swamp wetlands under the jurisdiction of the U.
' S. Army Corps of Engineers. Section 404 of the Clean Water Act specifies that before any
' dredging or filling activity can be initiated in freshwater wetland areas, a permit is necessary
from the Corps. Wetland areas are also found adjoining Chocowinity and Sidney Creeks in the
' eastern extraterritorial area. Most of these wetlands, especially those upstream, are freshwater
wetlands under jurisdiction of the Corps. In downstream areas, pockets of coastal wetlands
' are found. Coastal wetlands are considered Areas of Environmental Concern, and
development activities in these fragile areas is regulated by the state Division of Coastal
' Management. Site specific investigation is necessary to determine the extent and location of
these coastal wetlands. Wetland areas border the planning area both on the north and south.
' There are Public Trust waters in the ET7 and there may be limited coastal wetlands. This
means that piers and bulkheads are subject to CAMA permitting. Site investigation to identify
wetlands prior to dredge or fill activities is also required.
The North Carolina Natural Heritage Program has identified the lower part of
Chocowinity Creek, north of N. C. 33, as being one of five areas in Beaufort County
containing unique natural communities or rare geologic features. According to state naturalists,
29

the area is an important transition area from creek to fresh water marsh, which ultimately
widens into estuary at the Pamlico River.
The State Department of Cultural Resources has identified Trinity Episcopal Church as
being an important historic structure in the Chocowinity area. Trinity Church is thought to be
the fifth oldest church in North Carolina. It was built for Nathaniel Blount in 1773 on his
return from England and ordination into the Anglican ministry. The church was constructed in
a simple colonial style and features a fan -shaped window over the front. Blount served as
rector of the church for 43 years. To protect the structure from vandalism, the church was
moved from its original location outside of Town on N. C. 33 to inside the city limits in 1938.
State officials have no record of any archaeological sites in the Chocowinity area, however a
complete survey of the region has never been conducted.
Areas of Resource Potential. State forests and parks, private game preserves, and
areas underlain with valuable mineral deposits are considered areas of resource potential. No
such areas have been identified in the Chocowinity region. However, a very large portion of
the land in the extraterritorial jurisdiction is comprised of prime farmland soils. In the
Chocowinity area, soil types AtA., CrA, CrB, GoA, and StA are considered prime farmland
soils, and areas containing these soils are considered areas of resource potential. Prime
farmland soils produce the highest yields with minimal inputs of energy and economic
resources. Farming these soils usually results in the least damage to the environment.
Agronomists note that prime farmland is of major importance in providing the nation's short
and long range needs for food and fiber. Yet the acreage of high -quality farmland is limited
and so preservation of prime farmland has become an important national agricultural objective.
Agricultural officials are attempting to discourage development on prime farmland. The
Farmers Home Administration will not loan money for projects where building will occur on
areas of prime farmland. Agricultural planners agree that development should be directed to
areas of non -prime soils and that areas of prime farmland are best reserved for agricultural
purposes.
30

TABLE 9.
SOIL CHARACTERISTICS
Limitations For:
Buildings W/O
Septic
Runoff
Depth to High
Code
Soil Type
Sloe
Basements
Tanks
Potential
Water Table ft
43
Altavista fine sandy loan
0-2%
Severe
Severe
Moderate
1.5-2.5
47
Bonneau loamy sand
0-6%
Slight
Moderate
Low
3.5-5.0
5A*
Craven fine sandy loam
0-1%
Moderate
Severe
Moderate
2.0-3.0
5B*
Craven fine sandy loam
14%
Moderate
Severe
Moderate
2.0-3.0
5c
Craven fine sandy loam
8-12%
Moderate
Severe
Moderate
2.0-3.0
37
Conetoe loamy sand
0-5%
Severe
Slight
Low
>6.0
902
Currituck Muck
0%
Severe
Severe
High
+1-1.0
940
Dorovan
0%
Severe
Severe
High
+1-0.5
4A, 6A*
Goldsboro fine sandy loam
0-2%
Moderate
Severe
Slight
2.0-3.0
85
Leaf loam
0%
Severe
Severe
High
0.5-1.5
52
Lenoir loam
0%
Severe
Severe
High
1.5-2.5
44
Lynchburg fine sandy loam
0%
Severe
Severe
Moderate
0.5-1.5
98
Mucklee loam
0%
Severe
Severe
High
0.5-1.5
84
Rains fine sandy loam
0%
Severe
Severe
Moderate
0.0-1.0
48
Seabrook loamy sand
0-2%
Moderate
Severe
Slight
2.0-4.0
2A
State sandy loam
0-3%
Slight
Moderate
Slight
4.0-6.0
7
Tarboro sand
0-5%
Severe
Severe
Low
<6.0
86
Tomotley fine sandy loam
0%
Severe
Severe
High
2.0-4.0
10D
Winton fine sandy loam
12-25%
Severe
Severe
Slight
2.0-4.0
* indicates prime farm soil
Source: Soil Survey of Beaufort County (Draft)
3. Facility Limitations
Water Service. All properties within the corporate limits are serviced with public
water. Many residents in the extraterritorial area are also served by the Town's system. Water
mains have been extended east and west of Town along NC 33 and south along Railroad Street
to the Mid -East Regional Housing Authority Project. On NC 33 water mains extend west to
Mill Road and north past the Evergreen Estates subdivision, to the Elks Mobile Home Park.
On NC 33 to the east, water service extends to Gray Road and then south to Chocowinity
Primary School. The Town currently provides water service to the Cypress Landing
residential development on Chocowinity Bay, which is located outside the Town's jurisdiction.
31

Chocowinity is working to upgrade its water system. The Town plans to not only
install new lines in the Price Road area, but also replace old lines in some areas of town. The
Town is applying for funds for a proposed new well. Well #3 is tentatively scheduled for
construction in 2006. It will consist of a well yielding 300 gpm (gallons per minute), and an
elevated storage tank with a 350,000 gallon capacity. Well #1 began operating in 1969, while
Well #2 did not come on-line until 1975. Well #2 is scheduled for refurbishing in 1998. When
completed, the well should yield an additional 150 gpm. The Town plans to shut down Well
#1 completely, or use it strictly for emergency backup when Well #3 comes on-line.
The current capacity of the Town's two (2) wells totals 363,000 gallons per day (gpd).
Demand now averages 145,000 gpd, or about 179 gpd per person. Demand on the water
system is approximately 40% of current capacity. The Town currently has two storage tanks
with a total storage capacity of 225,000 gallons. In January 1997, the Town billed 504
customers for water service.
Chocowinity is working on a Water/Sewer Utility Service Area map project in
conjunction with the County -wide water system. The Town feels that they could serve areas
outside of Town with their existing facilities and proposed improvements.
Sewer Service. Chocowinity entered into a partnership situation with the City of
Washington to supply wastewater treatment needs in July 1993. All properties within the
corporate limits are now serviced with public sewer. Chocowinity also provides sewer service
to Cypress Landing on Chocowinity Bay.
In 1993, when the new sewer service came on-line, all existing local properties,
residential and business, received new septic tanks at no charge as part of a grant. The new
septic tanks use a Septic Tank Effluent Pump (STEP) system to pump the fluids out. These
effluents are then pumped to Washington for treatment. The Town has its own sludge pump
truck that can pump the solids out as needed. These solids can then be carried to the Town's
main transmission pump station, and then pumped to Washington. There are nine sewer pump
stations for larger users. They are checked and serviced everyday by the Town's Public Works
Department.
32

New development is still required to install a septic tank, which will meet the STEP
specifications, but it is not subject to the usual Health Department permitting requirements.
Minimum lot sizes could be reduced for future development served by the sewer line.
Washington committed an original capacity of 120,000 gpd (gallons per day) to
Chocowinity, with an option to purchase an additional 25,000 gpd at an additional charge.
The Town currently uses approximately 90,000 gpd. Demand is currently 75% of the present
capacity. They can still purchase additional wastewater capacity.
In 1996, a new sewer operations center was completed. It is located behind the
Municipal Building. The building contains a garage, maintenance shop, and materials and
equipment necessary to maintain the sewer system.
To ensure the capability of expanding all economic sectors, while maintaining a balance
between expansion and the desired quality of life for its residents, the Town of Chocowinity
pursued a Declaratory Judgement of Cause of Action in the Superior Court of North Carolina
pertaining to the extension of both Water and Wastewater services. The resulting Negotiated
Consent Judgment provides, in part, an agreement as to service areas for future municipal
Water and Wastewater service capabilities, both within municipal limits, and areas located
outside municipal limits.
Solid Waste Management Plan. The Town of Chocowinity is a participant in the
Beaufort County Planning Area Solid Waste Management Plan, prepared in accordance with
NC General Statute 130A-309.09A (b), for the purpose of meeting local solid waste needs and
protecting the public health and environment.
Public Schools. Chocowinity pupils attend Beaufort County Schools located in
Chocowinity. The table below provides information on Chocowinity's public school facilities.
Chocowinity Primary School (the Gray Road School) now serves grades Pre-K-5. Enrollment
as of February 1997, was 526 students. These figures represent one hundred four percent
(104%) of its operating capacity. Renovations were made in 1989 to increase capacity for
adding fifth graders. A gymnasium was added in the early 1990s. Chocowinity High School
now serves students in grades 6-12. Enrollment as of February 1997 was 539 students. The
school is operating at seventy-seven percent (77%) capacity. This school was also renovated
in 1989.
33

Beaufort County will build a new high school off Highway 33, south of Chocowinity to
' consolidate the Chocowinity and Aurora High Schools. The new Southside High School is
scheduled to open for classes in July 1999. The Town is working with Beaufort County
' Schools to provide wastewater service to the new high school. The Town would consider
providing water service to the new school.
' Current planning has the existing high schools in both Chocowinity and Aurora
becoming middle schools serving grades 6-8.
TABLE 10
' PUBLIC SCHOOL FACILITIES
Design Current Teacher Pupil/Teacher Grades
School Capacity Enrollment Allotment Ratio Taught
Chocowinity Primary School 504 526 35 1:15 Pre-K-5
Chocowinity ty High School 700 539 47 1:11.5 6-12
Source: Telephone interview with Schools and Beaufort County Superintendents Office, February 1997.
Protective Services. The Town employs one full time police person. The police chief
works a rotating shift with the schedule determined by expected demand. There are volunteer
auxiliary officers who work at least eight (8) hours each per month to supplement the police
' chief. Calls are dispatched through the County Sheriffs Department, however, the officer can
be accessed from the Municipal Building. The County Sheriffs Department provides back-up
' assistance as necessary and covers the area when the local officer is off duty. The need for
increased police protection had been identified as an important local concern. In response, the
' Town has received a COPS grant. This grant provides for a part-time officer, which could
eventually become a full time position.
A volunteer department currently provides fire protection. The Chocowinity Volunteer
Fire Department maintains two fire stations. One is located within the Town limits at the fire
station and the second is at Wilmar. In March 1996, Blounts Creek separated from the
Chocowinity Fire Department to become an independent Department. The Chocowinity Fire
i
34

Department has a membership of approximately thirty-seven (37) persons. The Department
currently maintains an inventory of six (6) pieces of fire fighting equipment. Chocowinity
ordered a new state-of-the-art fire truck in October 1996. The vehicle, a pumper -tanker with
ladder, was delivered in June 1997.
The Town has a mutual aid agreement between all units, including Blounts Creek,
Aurora, Grimesland, and Beaufort County. Although the Chocowinity Fire Department has no
rescue vehicles, it is dispatched to all emergency calls in Chocowinity to help provide public
safety and assistance.
Public Administration. A new Municipal Building was built in January 1994. This
building houses offices for the Mayor, the Town Clerk, the Public Works Director, the Police
Chief, as well as the general administrative offices.
The Town employs a full-time Town Clerk/Finance Officer, and a full-time Director of
Public Works. One full-time and one part-time employee assist the Town Clerk. Four
employees [three (3) full-time and one (1) part-time] assist the Director of Public Works. .
Roads. Lack of service by a major interstate highway is often cited as one of the major
factors which limits growth in Northeastern North Carolina. It is unlikely that this situation
will change in the foreseeable future, given the limited federal funding available for highway
construction.
The current highway US 17 cuts the town into two distinct hemispheres, and poses
certain hazards to small town life. It is a major north -south route in the area. US 17 is two
lanes for most of its length, but within Chocowinity the road widens to four lanes. Entering
the highway from unsignalized intersections can be hazardous. Pedestrian movement is also
difficult. Nevertheless, the highway is an economic asset, which the Town does not wish to
lose altogether.
There are plans to reposition US 17 around Chocowinity. The Town has concerns
about the relocating of this strategic highway any more than a few miles off its current route.
As long as the highway is located near Chocowinity, there is potential for positive impact upon
the town. Possible benefits include more business opportunities for service related businesses.
(See Appendix C - N.C. D.O.T US-17 Washington Bypass Beaufort and Pitt Counties T.I.P.
No. R-2510 Preliminary Alternative Corridors Map Revised August 21, 1997.)
35

Implications
' The Town's growth patterns are, to say the least, erratic and inconsistent with past
history. As is set forth elsewhere in this plan, the Town's public water supply, public schools,
local and state road network, public wastewater system, water storage, and municipal
administrative services are and will be sufficient for future growth, premised upon existing
I
Zoning and Planning Ordinances and/or Regulations.
36

I IV. 1993 POLICY ASSESSMENT

IIV. 1993 POLICY ASSESSMENTS
' A review and evaluation of the 1993 Policy Statements and implementation strategies
indicates an overall implementation rate of 100%. This record is highly commendable for such
' a small town. The fact that all of the implementation strategies have been carried out over the
' planning period shows that the Town is attempting to fully utilize its plan for the improvement
of the community. For "grading" purposes, we have simply calculated the total number of
' implementation strategies identified in the 1993 plan and determined the percentage of those
strategies which the Planning Board believes have been carried out over the planning period.
' Below are the results of this evaluation:
' A. RESOURCE PROTECTION
(1) Constraints to Development:
' (a) Soils
The policy shall be to fully support the present partnership with
' the City of Washington for wastewater treatment.
(+) Implementation shall occur through closely monitoring the
' Towds demand and negotiating for any additional capacity
needs.
' (b) Flood -prone Areas
The policy shall be to support state building codes and federal flood
' insurance restrictions on development in flood -prone areas.
(+) The Town relies on the County building inspector for strict
' enforcement of the state building code and the Federal Flood
Insurance Program.
' (c) Steep Slopes - DOES NOT APPLY
' (d) Septic Tank Use - SEE STATEMENT UNDER SOILS
(2) Outstanding Resource Waters - DOES NOT APPLY
' (3) Other hazardous or Fragile Areas:
(a) Freshwater swamps and Marshes
M

The policy shall be to help protect swamp and marsh areas from
inappropriate development.
(+) Implementation shall occur through periodic review of the local
zoning scheme, strict enforcement of the zoning ordinance, and
support for state and federal restrictions on destruction of
swamps and marshes.
(b) Maritime Forest - DOES NOT APPLY
(c) Pocosins DOES NOT APPLY
(d) 404 wetlands
The policy shall be to support all development which complies with
federal controls.
(+) Implementation shall occur through strict enforcement, and
periodic review of local zoning and subdivision requirements,
and through general support of the Army Corps of Engineers'
decisions on wetlands.
(e) Outstanding Resource Waters - DOES NOT APPLY
(f) Shellfishing Waters - DOES NOT APPLY
(g) Water Supply Areas
The policy shall be to maintain current wells for safety and
adequacy of public water supply.
(+) Implementation shall occur through strict adherence to State
water quality standards and regular, careful monitoring of water
use as the Town attempts to provide a water supply for Cypress
Landing.
(h) Manmade hazards
The policy shall be to support all State and Federal regulations
related to these hazardous activities and to rely on local zoning to
control bulk fuel storage hazards.
C

(+) Implementation shall occur through strict enforcement of the
local zoning ordinance and general support for all applicable
State and Federal requirements.
(4) Hurricane & Flood Evacuation Needs & Plans
The Town relies on the Beaufort County evacuation plan for its
hurricane and flood evacuation needs.
(5) Protecting Potable water supply
--SEE COMMENTS UNDER WATER SUPPLY AREAS--
(6) Package Wastewater Treatment Plants
The policy shall be to discourage any proposals for package
treatment plants in favor of extension of existing sewer lines when
feasible.
(+) Implementation would occur on a case -by -case basis to
determine the feasibility of public sewer extension.
(7) Stormwater runoff & its impacts on coastal wetlands, surface waters, or other
fragile areas:
(a) Agricultural, residential and peat or phosphate mining runoff.
The policy shall be to encourage agricultural Best Management
Practices as they can be applied within the planning jurisdiction
and to address stormwater runoff in the local subdivision
ordinance.
(+) Implementation shall occur through strict enforcement of the
local subdivision ordinance including close review of all
preliminary plats and periodic review of the ordinance itself to
determine if amendments are needed to appropriately handle the
stormwater runoff in Chocowinity.
(8) Marina & floating home development; dry stack storage - DOES NOT APPLY
(9) Industrial impacts on fragile areas
The policy shall be to rely on EPA standards and railroad safety
requirements to mitigate the risks involved in this industry and to
40

rely on local zoning for appropriate placement of industrial site for
' the least possible impact on fragile areas.
(+) Implementation shall occur through strict enforcement of local
' zoning requirements, including periodic review and update of the
ordinance as needed, and general support for State and Federal
safety requirements with regard to the railroad.
(10) Development of Sound or Estuarine Islands - DOES NOT APPLY
' (11) Restriction of Development within areas up to 5' above mean high water DOES
NOT APPLY
.' (12) Upland excavation for marina development
The policy shall be to support the concept of upland excavation for
' marina development when feasible rather than infringing on public
trust waters to accommodate such development.
(+) Implementation shall occur through support for the Division of
' Coastal Management's marina development priority.
(13) Damage to existing marshes by bulkhead installation
' The policy shall be to rely on State and Federal regulations for
bulkheads.
' (+) Implementation shall occur through support for the existing
CAMA requirements regarding bulkheading in marsh areas.
B. RESOURCE PRODUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
' (1) Productive Agricultural Lands
The policy shall be to allow conversion of agricultural lands to
' more appropriate urban uses throughout the jurisdiction.
(+) Implementation shall occur though strict enforcement of local
tzoning and subdivision regulations.
(2) Commercial Forest lands - THIS ISSUE DOES NOT APPLY
t(3) Existing & potential mineral production - THIS ISSUE DOES NOT APPLY
(4) Commercial & recreational fisheries:
41

C.
(a) Nursery & habitat areas - THIS ISSUE DOES NOT APPLY.
(b) ORWs - THIS ISSUE DOES NOT APPLY
(c) Trawling activities in estuarine waters - THIS ISSUE DOES NOT
APPLY
(5) Off -road vehicles - THIS ISSUE DOES NOT APPLY
(6) Residential, Commercial, and Industrial Land Development Impacts on any
Resources
The policy shall be to rely on current local ordinances and State or
Federal protective regulations to adequately mitigate development
impacts on resources.
(7) Peat or phosphate mining impacts on any resources
The only mining operation in the area is the Texas Gulf facility in
Aurora. This is too far downstream to have direct environmental
impacts on Chocowinity, other than the potential water drawdown from
the Castle Hayne aquifer. This has not had an , impact on the Town's
water supply to date. The feasibility of future mining activities within
the planning jurisdiction has been discussed in the past, but is unknown.
THIS ISSUE DOES NOT APPLY AT THIS TEVIE, but should be
revisited if conditions merit as future land use plan updates occur.
ECONOMIC AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
(a) Types and locations of Industries Desired
The policy shall be to encourage and support a wide variety of
industrial development to enhance the economic base of the Town.
(+) This policy will be implemented by critical review by the
Planning Board and Board of Adjustments and Town Council of
all proposals for industrial development. Additionally, the Town
supports existing State and Federal restrictions and regulations
related to industrial safety and responsibility.
(b) Local Commitment to Providing Services
42

The policy shall be to consider service extension proposals on a
' case -by -case basis and to expand local protective services as
funding becomes available.
' (+) The Town is not in a position to finance costly infrastructure
extensions or personnel additions in the absence of development
' pressure. The Town will also support and continue to apply for
grant funding such as CDBG or economic development projects
' which involve extension of services.
(c) Types of Urban Growth Patterns Desired
' The policy shall be to rely on the local zoning ordinance for guiding
urban growth into areas classified as "Developed" or "Urban
Transition" on the Land Classification Map.
' (+) Implementation shall occur through strict enforcement of the
adopted zoning and subdivision ordinances and updates of local
' ordinances as necessary.
(d) Redevelopment of Developed Areas
' The policy shall be to support prudent redevelopment. Since little
of the jurisdiction is subject to destruction in a severe storm, there is not
' great concern about redeveloping developed areas.
(+) New development is required to meet current building codes and
the local flood ordinance requirements. These standards
increase safety and reduce potential loss in the future. The same
would be true for non -conformities which were rebuilt. The
Town's Zoning ordinance also provides guidance and restriction
as to allowed uses and patterns of redevelopment.
(e) Commitment to State and Federal Programs
The policy will be general commitment to state and federal
programs.
(+) The Town will continue to support and enjoy the advantages of
higher agency programs which can enhance the quality of life for
43

(f)
(9)
(h)
(i)
0)
local area residents. Some of those programs are geared toward
individuals, and the Town has limited direct interaction in those
cases. To the extent possible, the Town will partner with state
and federal agencies to enforce restrictions or review projects
which impact the planning area. The town would consider
distributing information regarding issues such as vegetative
buffers or conservation measures to persons seeking zoning
permits if such information is made available to them.
Assistance to Channel Maintenance and Beach Nourishment Projects. -
This issue does not apply.
Energy Facility Siting and Development
The policy shall be to consider any proposal for electric generation
on a case -by -case basis.
(+) Implementation shall occur through strict enforcement of the
local zoning ordinance with regard to allowable uses in the
planning jurisdiction.
Tourism
The policy shall be to continue present levels of support for tourism
in the area.
(+) Implementation shall occur through cooperation with local and
State agencies and businesses promoting the area.
Coastal and Estuarine Water/Beach Access
The policy shall be to investigate future possibilities for public
access and to apply for funds if the opportunity arises and a
location presents itself.
(+) Implementation will occur through encouraging local property
owners to consider donating undevelopable properties to the
Town for public purposes.
Types, Densities, Location, Units per Acre of Anticipated Residential
Development and Services to Support This Development
44

0
E.
The policy shall be to encourage appropriateness of density and
location with regard to residential development and to discourage
dense development outside the range of public water and sewer
service, which generally encompasses the areas classified as
"Developed" or "Urban Transition" on the Land Classification
Map.
(+) Implementation shall occur through close review of any
subdivision proposals which would tax municipal services, and
through consideration of developing a local recycling plan.
STORM HAZARDS
reduce the potential for storm damage
(+) support enforcement of the County's floodplain ordinance in the
extraterritorial area.
(+) enforce the state building code in all new construction.
protect natural areas sensitive to storm hazards
(+) classify Chocowinity Creek north of the N. C. 33 bridge to its
mouth and all wooded swampland in the ETJ as Conservation on
the Town's Land Classification Map.
increase public awareness of the need for hurricane preparation
(+) support the "preparedness" program, which state and local
emergency management officials conduct in local schools.
(+) work with county officials to plan and conduct possible
hurricane evacuation exercises in the future.
PUBLIC PARTICIPATION
solicit citizen input in all planning decisions
(+) advertise all Council and Planning Board meetings in the Daily
News; emphasize that citizens are invited and encouraged to
attend all meetings dealing with planning issues.
apprise the public of planning issues as they develop
45

(+) report important planning and community development issues,
decisions, and developments to the Daily News; propose feature
articles for especially important issues.
46

� V. 1997 ISSUES &POLICY STATEMENTS

V. 1997 POLICY STATEMENTS
The setting of goals, objectives, policy statements, and implementation procedures are the
' most essential elements of. any developmental plan. The formulation of goals and objectives
should reflect sound planning principles and most importantly, express the values of the area's
' citizens. Thus, Ahe declaration of a community's values sets the tone for the design of the
development plan.
' During this five year planning period, the Coastal Resources Commission (CRC) gives the
Town of Chocowinity the opportunity to address land use issues which impact on Resource
' Protection, Resource Production and Management, Economic and Community Development,
Continued Public Participation, and Storm Hazard Mitigation, Post Disaster Recovery and
Evacuation Plans. Some of these issues are of continuing concern in land use plans. Those will
' be re -addressed in this current update. The policy statements for 1997- 2002 are the results of recommendations, local input, and
' the Planning Board's experience in Chocowinity's needs. These statements define the problem or
opportunity, possible alternatives for action, the selected alternatives and the means to implement
' the alternative. It must be noted that some issues are of such great importance that appropriate
alternatives are obvious and non-negotiable. Many others in the discussion required by CAMA
' guidelines are only vaguely applicable in Chocowinity at this time.
Generally speaking, Chocowinity embraces a pro -growth philosophy. Economic needs
' have contributed to this point of view. Nevertheless, if the Town were faced with over -abundant
or adverse development pressure, policies would revert to quality of life criteria as a guiding
, principle to control development.
There are three basic approaches to resource issues: Preservation, Conservation, and
' Exploitation. A preservation approach attempts to prohibit use altogether in order to save the
resource in its natural state for future generations to enjoy. This approach requires adoption and
' strict enforcement of protective laws. An example might be prohibiting development in a known
habitat for an endangered species. If applied to privately owned property, such restrictions are
tsubject to legal challenge as a "taking" of property rights.
1
48

' A conservation approach attempts to use resources sparingly in order to prolong their
' usefulness over a long period of time. This approach uses regulations, restrictions, and incentives
to control the rate at which or the way in which a resource is used. In a sense, it controls the
' "supply" regardless of the "demand."
An exploitation approach attempts to use resources in an uninhibited way in direct
' response to demand. It has relatively short term focus and relies on the availability of
development of substitutes when the resource is depleted. This approach thrives in the absence of
tregulation or enforcement and may be desirable where resources are overabundant or substitutes
are readily available.
' Any of these approaches is an alternative open to Chocowinity as it explores policy
options. The conservative approach probably describes most chosen implementation strategies in
Chocowinity.
' A. VISION STATEMENT
Chocowinity has a rural agricultural economy which is diversifying into retail, service, and
manufacturing. The town would like to see an expansion of all economic sectors in order to
increase the tax base and to enhance employment opportunities.
tWhile the Town is supportive of community and economic development, it does not
support industry that compromises the quality of the environment or quality of life in
tChocowinity. Expanded recreational facilities are desired.
Chocowinity hopes to see a continued increase in population. It is hoped that the water system
' and the wastewater system will continue to provide for public health and provide a strong incentive for
' development in Chocowinity over the next ten years.
B. RESOURCE PROTECTION
The Town is located in the southwestern section of Beaufort County. The 827 square
miles of the County are rich in natural resources. The Town is less than three miles from the
' Pamlico River; the County's most valuable natural, aesthetic, and economic resource. Coastal
' wetlands border the County's estuarine waters; freshwater swamps and marshes are found
adjoining inland waters and in low-lying inland areas. Freshwater wetlands comprise a large
portion of the Town's northern extraterritorial jurisdiction.
I
- 49

The Town acknowledges that the County's natural resources, particularly its water
resources, are the reason that many people have chosen to live, work, and recreate in the County
and within Chocowinity itself. To a very great extent, residential and commercial development, in
fact, the general quality of life in the County and in Chocowinity depends on maintaining the
quality of the area's ground and surface waters. The Town supports all local, state, and
interstate efforts to preserve and enhance the quality of the area's valuable water
resources.
Streams, creeks, freshwater wetlands, and limited areas of coastal wetlands are the major
natural areas found in the Chocowinity planning region. The Town will not support
development that significantly degrades the quality of these surface waters and wetlands or
has adverse effects on their use as habitat for fish and wildlife. The Town also has natural
hazard floodplain areas. The Town will not support development in areas with natural
hazards unless such development fully complies with all applicable development controls.
The Town encourages new development and welcomes new industrial and commercial
concerns. The Town supports all development that protects natural areas and in turn,
enhances the quality of life for local residents. It is important that natural and cultural
resources be protected from the impacts of development during construction and over the
long term.
Groundwater resources supply Chocowinity residents with water. Planners and local
officials have only recently begun to understand the sensitivity of this valuable resource. New
local development should not have negative impacts on local groundwater quantity and quality.
The Town will not support development and activities locally and in other areas that may
cause future shortfalls in groundwater supply or pose severe risks to the quality of
underground waters.
Following is a listing of policy goals the Town has adopted to protect its natural
resources. Included are strategies that the Town will attempt to implement over the next five
years in an effort to achieve these policy goals.
(1) Constraints to Development:
(i) Area soils have severe limitations for development over 90% of the
jurisdiction. The septic situation stimulated the Town to provide a public
50

(2)
wastewater system. The system still requires septic tanks but adds pumps
to the tank which move effluent to public conduits which flow into the City
of Washington's treatment system. This should allow future development
to occur on smaller lots. Most of the ETJ east of Town is covered in
freshwater swamp and is not suitable for development. The branches and
streams in the north and south sections of the jurisdiction are also
somewhat flood -prone.
(ii) Chocowinity has an agreement with the City of Washington for
wastewater treatment. The current system is operating adequately at this
time. Alternatives for flood -prone areas include local creation of
ordinances which limit development in these areas; support for county,
state, or federal restrictions on development in these areas; or resistance to
any restrictions on development.
(iii) The policy shall be to fully support the present partnership with the
City of Washington for wastewater treatment. The policy shall be to
support state building codes and federal flood insurance restrictions on
development in flood -prone areas.
(iv) Implementation shall occur through closely monitoring the Town's
demand and negotiating for any additional capacity needs for wastewater
treatment. The Town relies on the County building inspector for strict
enforcement of the state building code and the Federal Flood Insurance
Program.
Local Resource Development Issues Relative to Areas of Environmental Concern
(AECs):
(i) There are Public Trust waters in the Town's ETJ and there may be
limited coastal wetlands as well. This means that piers and bulkheads are
subject to CAMA permitting. Site investigation to identify wetlands prior
to dredge or fill activities is also required.
(ii) Alternatives are preservation, conservation, and unregulated.
51

(iii) The Town recognizes that wetlands possess the value of
groundwater recharge and discharge, floodwater alteration, nutrient and
waste retention and transformation, habitat protection, and recreation
enhancement; and that these values make wetlands worthy of protection for
ecological and economic reasons. The policy will only signify to allow
Idevelopment which does not damage wetlands.
(iv) Implementation will occur through strict enforcement of the local
Izoning ordinance and through reliance on CAMA permit issuing and the
Corps of Engineers' wetland restrictions for protection of that resource.
I(3) Protection of wetlands identified as of the highest functional significance.
(i) The Division of Coastal Management provided no maps for this
issue, so it does not apply at this time.
(4) Other hazardous or Fragile Areas:
(a) Freshwater swamps and Marshes
(i) Most of the northeastern ETJ is comprised of freshwater swamps
and marshes. In 1989 the Town extended its ETJ specifically to place
unregulated portions of this swamp area under its zoning jurisdiction for
protective purposes.
(ii) Alternatives are limited to those which comply with state and
federal restrictions.
(iii) The policy shall be to help protect swamp and marsh areas
from inappropriate development.
(iv) Implementation shall occur through periodic review of the local
zoning scheme, strict enforcement of the zoning ordinance, and support for
state and federal restrictions on destruction of swamps and marshes.
(b) Maritime Forest - DOES NOT APPLY
(c) Pocosins - DOES NOT APPLY
(d) 404 wetlands
52

(i) Bulk fuel storage facilities are located outside the towels ET7 in an
isolated rural location. Any new facility would be subject to the town's
Zoning Ordinance. There are no airports within the jurisdiction. Military
operating areas (MOA's) do impact the town and some low altitude
overflights were noted. The Towds only objection to the military
operating area is with regard to the potential danger associated with both
private and commercial aircraft flights. OCS exploration does not directly
impact the Town, but there is general support for economic growth
opportunities in Eastern North Carolina, provided they are carried out
under strict environmental controls and safety restraints.
(ii) Alternatives are to rely on State and Federal agencies for protection
in these areas; to rely on local land use controls for protection; or to
support an unregulated approach in these areas.
(iii) The policy shall be to rely on all State and Federal regulations
related to these hazardous activities and to rely on local zoning to
control the location of bulk fuel storage hazards.
(iv) Implementation shall occur through strict enforcement of the local
' zoning ordinance and general reliance on all applicable State and Federal
requirements.
(5) Protecting Potable water supply
I--SEE COMMENTS UNDER WATER SUPPLY AREAS--
(6) Package Wastewater Treatment Plants
' (i) There are currently no package treatment plants for wastewater
disposal in Chocowinity, and none are anticipated now that the wastewater
alternative is in place. Soils are poor for septic tanks in much of the
jurisdiction.
(ii) Alternatives are to allow or to discourage package treatment plants
in the jurisdiction.
1 54

(iii) The policy shall be to discourage any proposals for package
' treatment plants in favor of extension of existing sewer lines when
feasible.
' (iv) Implementation would occur on a case -by -case basis to determine
the feasibility of public sewer extension.
' (7) Stormwater runoff and its impact on coastal wetlands, surface waters, or other
fragile areas:
' (a) Agricultural, residential and peat or phosphate mining runoff.
(i) Agricultural runoff and residential runoff follow natural drainage
' patterns throughout the jurisdiction, generally moving northwest to
southeast. Phosphate or peat mining runoff would not apply here.
' (ii) Alternatives are to initiate a stormwater runoff program; to
encourage Best Management Practices for farms inside the jurisdiction; or
' to disregard stormwater runoff at this time.
' (iii) The policy shall be to encourage agricultural Best Management
Practices as they can be applied within the planning jurisdiction and
to address stormwater runoff in the local subdivision ordinance.
(iv) Implementation shall occur through strict enforcement of the local
subdivision ordinance including close review of all preliminary plats and
periodic review of the ordinance itself to determine if amendments are
needed to appropriately handle the stormwater runoff in Chocowinity.
(8) Marina & floating home development; dry stack storage
' (i) DOES NOT APPLY
(9) Industrial impacts on fragile areas
' (i) Industries in the Chocowinity jurisdiction include the Norfolk -
Southern Railroad, Osprey Seafood Processors, a furniture manufacturing
' company, OBI - a metal fabricating operation, Greenville Ready Mix
Concrete, and Pamlico Machine. The railroad could present a significant
potential hazard in the event of chemical or other noxious spills, and the
railroad tracks run through a large portion of the forested wetlands in the
55

eastern ETJ. None of the other facilities represent a major threat to fragile
' areas in the jurisdiction.
(ii) Alternatives include exclusion of industrial uses; regulation of
' industrial uses; or unregulated industrial uses.
(iii) The policy shall be to rely on EPA standards and railroad
' safety requirements to mitigate the risks involved in this industry and
to rely on local zoning for appropriate placement of industrial site for
' the least possible impact on fragile areas.
(iv) Implementation shall occur through strict enforcement of local
' zoning requirements, including periodic review and update of the ordinance
as needed, and general support for State and Federal safety requirements
with regard to the railroad.
(10) Development of Sound or Estuarine Islands
' (i) DOES NOT APPLY
(11) Restriction of Development within areas up to 5' above mean high water
' (i) DOES NOT APPLY
(12) Upland excavation for marina development
(i) There are no marinas within the jurisdiction at this time and only
limited opportunity for any future marina development.
(ii) Alternatives would include support for upland excavation;
' insistence on upland excavation; or discouragement of upland excavation
for marina development.
' (iii) The policy shall be to support the concept of upland excavation
for marina development when feasible rather than infringing on
public trust waters to accommodate such development.
(iv) Implementation shall occur through support for the Division of
! Coastal Management's marina development priority.
(13) Damage to existing marshes by bulkhead installation
i
56

i This issue might only apply in the ETJ at the Co en Landing
() g Y pPY � g
' Subdivision on Chocowinity Creek, where limited marshland may exist.
This issue is not significant at this time.
(ii) Alternatives are limited to those that are at least as restrictive as the
State's requirements.
(iii) The policy shall be to rely on State and Federal regulations for
bulkheads.
' (iv) Implementation shall occur through support for the existing CAMA
requirements regarding bulkheading in marsh areas.
i(14) Water quality problems and management measures designed to reduce or eliminate
local sources of surface water quality problems.
' (i) The streams inside the Town boundaries are not reported as to use
support levels but the receiving streams of Hills Creek and forward into the
' Pamlico River are all shown as partially supporting. The streams are
classified Class C nutrient sensitive waters.
(ii) The only alternative is for the Town to attempt to reduce or
' eliminate local sources of surface water quality problems, through various
local, State, and Federal programs and regulations.
(iii) The policy will be to rely on State and Federal regulations.
(iv) Chocowinity does not have adequate staff or finances to initiate
' local programs that protect water quality, but the Town favors agricultural
Best Management Practices, local citizen monitoring programs, and other
' State measures based on sound science to reasonably protect present and
future water quality.
' (v) The Town's Subdivision Ordinance establishes procedures and
standards for development and subdivision of land within the Territorial
tJurisdiction of the Town of Chocowinity. A subsection of this Ordinance
specifically addresses Storm Water Management.
i
57

C. RESOURCE PRODUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
Many of Chocowinity's manufacturing, retail, and service enterprises are directly or
indirectly involved with resource development. A considerable number of local residents rely on
the area's natural resources - its water, land, and mineral resources - for their livelihood.
Agricultural lands are one of County's prime productive resource areas. About two-thirds
(2/3) of the farmland in the Chocowinity area is considered prime farmland by agricultural
officials.
Most of the land within Chocowinity's Town limits has been developed for urban. uses,
however a large portion of the land outside of Town is used for agriculture. The Town encour-
ages the use of rural areas for agricultural production and will support all efforts to ensure
the viability of the area's agricultural economy. The Town is especially concerned with
preserving areas with prime farmland soils. At the same time, agricultural uses should not have
negative impacts on local natural resources such as Chocowinity Creek and associated wetlands,
or on resources of statewide concern such as the Pamlico River and its tributaries. The Town
supports diversification of the local agricultural economy. Truck (produce) farms, and
farming for fish and shellfish (aquaculture) are encouraged and will be supported.
No commercial forestry operations operate within the Town. Silvacultural activity is,
however, evident in areas east of Chocowinity. The Town supports the presence of the
lumbering industry in the area and encourages expansion of commercial forestry and wood
processing operations if these will have no significant impacts on residential areas and local
natural resources.
The streams and creeks in the Chocowinity area are not large enough to support
commercial fishing activities. However, commercial and recreational fishing are both very
important in the County as a whole. A commercial seafood processor is located at the
easternmost edge of Chocowinity's planning jurisdiction on Highway 17. The Town supports
local, state, and federal efforts to improve the quality of the region's fisheries. Improving
both the recreational and commercial fisheries is encouraged and will be supported.
There are currently no areas in the Chocowinity planning region where mining or other
mineral production activities are taking place. However, over 4,000 acres of land to the east of
Chocowinity is devoted to mining activities. The effects of phosphate mining on the County's
Ff:�

natural resources has been a concern for a number of years. That concern appears to be
increasing as reports of stresses on the river increase. The Town will support new or
expanding mining activities in the area only if that activity can be shown not to have long
' term negative impacts on the area's land, air, and water resources.
Following is a listing of policy goals the Town has adopted to protect and manage its
' productive natural resources. Included are strategies that the Town will attempt to implement
over the next five years in an effort to achieve these policy goals.
' (1) Productive Agricultural Lands
(i) Prime farm soils are present in the jurisdiction and some land is still
' under tillage inside the town limits.
(ii) Alternatives are to protect agricultural lands; to regulate
' agricultural lands; or to do away with agricultural land uses in the
' jurisdiction.
(iii) The policy shall be to allow conversion of agricultural lands to
urban uses throughout the jurisdiction in accordance with the zoning
ordinance.
' (iv) Implementation shall occur though strict enforcement of local
zoning and subdivision regulations.
' (2) Commercial Forest lands
(i) THIS ISSUE DOES NOT APPLY
(3) Existing & potential mineral production
(i) THIS ISSUE DOES NOT APPLY
' (4) Commercial &.recreational fisheries:
(a) Nursery & habitat areas
' (i) There are no designated nursery areas within the jurisdiction and
few water access points. Chocowinity Creek and Crawford Creek are
home to certain species of fish. Recreational fishing does occur in these
creeks, but not at a scale which requires attention at this time. THIS
ISSUE DOES NOT APPLY.
59

' ORWs
' (i) THIS ISSUE DOES NOT APPLY
(c) Trawling activities in estuarine waters
' (i) THIS ISSUE DOES NOT APPLY
(5) Off -road vehicles
' (i) THIS ISSUE DOES NOT APPLY
(6) Residential, Commercial, and Industrial Land Development Impacts on any
' Resources
(i) At this time, the Town is prepared to accommodate any reasonable
' estimate of new development over the five-year update period. Utilities are
adequate at this time, and stormwater runoff does not appear to pose
' significant water quality problems. Local zoning patterns will determine
the proximity of new development to fragile areas.
(ii) Alternatives are to strengthen subdivision ordinance with regard to
a developer's responsibility for provision of infrastructure or to monitor
future development to determine any individual or cumulative impacts on
' local resources.
(iii) The policy shall be to rely on current local ordinances and
' State or Federal protective regulations to adequately mitigate
development impacts on resources.
' (iv) Implementation shall occur by semi-annual reviews of existing and
proposed development and update of the local zoning ordinance, as
necessary to keep development requirements effective.
(7) Peat or phosphate mining impacts on any resources
' (i) The only mining operation in the area is the PCS Phosphate facility
in Aurora. This is too far downstream to have direct environmental
' impacts on Chocowinity, other than the potential water drawdown from the
Castle Hayne aquifer. This has not had an impact on the Town's water
supply to date. The feasibility of future mining activities within the
planning jurisdiction has been discussed in the past but is unknown. THIS
60

' ISSUE DOES NOT APPLY AT THIS TIME, but should be revisited if
' conditions merit as future land use plan updates occur.
D. ECONOMIC AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
' Chocowinity is a small community, but for a town of its size, it has a large employment
' base. Many of these jobs are low -skill, low wage positions. The Town supports expansion of
its existing industries and commercial enterprises and welcomes new industrial and
' commercial firms into the area. The Town supports the County's efforts to attract new
industry into the region. However, new industrial development should not have negative
' impacts on the natural environment or on the area's historic and cultural resources. New
commercial and industrial development should enhance the quality of life for local
' residents.
Commercial enterprises servicing the needs of residents and local workers would be
' appropriate types of new commercial development. Tourist and recreational enterprises would be
a welcome addition to the Town. Industrial development, which would provide both technical
' and professional positions, would be appropriate for the Chocowinity area. The Town will
provide services to new industrial development when possible and will seek assistance from
the County when necessary.
Most of the land within the town limits has already been developed. The Town supports
redevelopment -of parcels when dilapidated structures can be removed and replaced by
' higher and better uses. To provide for the efficient delivery of services, the Town encourages
new industry to locate in the city limits. When new development cannot be accommodated
' within the Town, the Town will support development in appropriate locations outside of
Town and when feasible, will provide public services. The Town provides drinking water to
' the Cypress Landing residential development on Chocowinity Bay. With the current wastewater
system, the Town is in a favorable position to plan for new industrial development. The Town
' would appreciate contact from developers considering projects in the Chocowinity area so that
adequate capacity can be reserved in negotiations with the City of Washington.
' The Town is committed to maintaining and enhancing the quality of life in Chocowinity.
The Town supports improvements to existing housing stock, and supports new construction
61

' well especially development that will serve the housing needs of the elderly and of low
as p y p
' and moderate income groups.
The Town values regional resources such as the Pamlico River and its tributaries for the
' recreational and aesthetic amenities they supply. The Town supports state and federal
programs that will assist the community in attaining its objectives for protecting and
' managing these and other resources, and for assisting in community development efforts.
These include, but are not limited to: public access programs, programs preserving water quality,
' highway improvement programs, economic and community development programs, water and
sewer improvement programs, and programs which assist in preserving historic and
' archaeological resources.
Following is a listing of policy objectives the Town has adopted to provide for community
' growth and for the economic development of the Town. Included are strategies that the Town
will attempt to implement over the next five years in an effort to achieve these policy goals.
(a) Types and Locations of Industries Desired
(i) The Town supports expansion of existing industries and welcomes
new commercial and industrial concerns to the Chocowinity area.
Chocowinity is working on attracting manufacturing firms, which can take
tadvantage of its accessible rail transportation, ample water/sewer/electric
availability, major highway system, local and surrounding workforce with
education levels appropriate ro riate for the respective industries.
' (ii) The alternatives are to encourage any and all industry, to encourage
only limited industrial development, or to discourage industry from locating
in the planning area.
(iii) The policy shall be to encourage and support a wide variety of
' industrial development to enhance the economic base of the Town.
(iv) This policy will be implemented by critical review by the Planning
Board and Board of Adjustments and Town Council of all proposals for
industrial development. Additionally, the Town supports existing State and
' Federal restrictions and regulations related to industrial safety and
responsibility.
62

(b) Local Commitment to Providing Services
' (i) All of the Towds residents are connected to the public sewer
system and the water system. Even if use per person increased 50% over
' the planning period, the towels current water capacity would support a
total population of over 1,300 persons. There is plenty of sewer capacity
' and more can be purchased from the City of Washington, as needed. The
Town provides one full time and one part-time police officer, and the
volunteer fire department has 37 volunteers.
Chocowinity acknowledges that the majority of its soils are not
conducive to septic tank usage and the Town realizes that the current
wastewater treatment service has alleviated this problem. When new
' development cannot be accommodated within the Town, the Town will
support development in appropriate locations outside of Town and when
feasible, will provide public services.
(ii) The alternatives are to take active steps to extend water and sewer
to all habitable structures in the jurisdiction and to plan and budget for
' orderly extension into areas expected to experience development over the
next five years; to support the development of an industrial park which
would be provided services in lieu of considering all requests; or to wait
until a request is made before considering service extensions.
To ensure the capability of expanding all economic sectors, while
maintaining a balance between expansion and the desired quality of life for
its residents, the Town of Chocowinity pursued a Declaratory Judgement
of Cause of Action in the Superior Court of North Carolina pertaining to
' the extension of both Water and Wastewater services. The resulting
Negotiated Consent Judgment provides, in part, an agreement as to service
' areas for future municipal Water and Wastewater service capabilities, both
within municipal limits, and areas located outside municipal limits.
1
63

(iii) ' The policy shall be to consider service extension proposals on a
case -by -case basis and to expand local protective services, as funding
becomes available.
(iv) The Town is not in a position to finance costly infrastructure
extensions or personnel additions in the absence of development pressure.
The Town will also support and continue to apply for grant funding such as
CDBG or economic development projects which involve extension of
services.
(c) Types of Urban Growth Patterns Desired
(i) Land within the Town has been developed for mixed urban uses.
Outside of Town, the area is rural; agricultural uses predominate. The
Town appreciates this pattern of development. To that end and to provide
for the efficient delivery of public services, the Town will encourage new
development demanding urban services to locate within the city limits and
attempt to reserve outlying areas for agricultural and low density residential
uses.
(ii) The alternatives are to create incentive programs for development,
which encourage the desired uses to occur in the desired areas; to rely on
the current zoning map and ordinance to establish urban patterns for
growth; or to accommodate random, unrestricted growth patterns.
(iii) The policy shall be to rely on the local zoning ordinance for
guiding urban growth into areas classified as "Developed" or "Urban
Transition" on the Land Classification Map.
(iv) Implementation shall occur through strict enforcement of the
adopted zoning and subdivision ordinances and updates of local ordinances
as necessary.
(d) Types, Densities, Location, Units per Acre of Anticipated Residential
Development and Services to Support This Development
(i) Overly dense development is not a problem in Chocowinity, nor is
it anticipated to become a problem during the next ten years. Within the
64

past five years, the land use trends have shown residential growth to occur
(I in existing residential areas and some limited commercial development.
The town would like to see continued development in areas which are best
able to accommodate growth and where support services, like sewer and
water, are feasible and practical to provide.
The Town has no sites suitable for landfills. They are dependent on
the County for disposal. The County landfill closed in 1993. There is now
a regional landfill in Bertie County. In Beaufort County, recycling efforts
are intensifying and the number of permanent sites is eleven.
(ii) Alternatives include close review of proposed development projects
to assure appropriate density of development.
(iii) The policy shall be to encourage appropriateness of density
and location with regard to residential development and to discourage
dense development outside the range of public water and sewer
service, which generally encompasses the areas classified as
"Developed" or "Urban Transition" on the Land Classification Map.
(iv) Implementation shall occur through close review of any subdivision
proposals, which would tax municipal services, and through participation in
the Beaufort County Solid Waste Management Plan.
(e) Redevelopment of Developed Areas
(i) Chocowinity's policy on redevelopment of developed areas has been
demonstrated over the past five years. The Town has been awarded Small
II Cities Community Development Block Grants to improve substandard
housing within its jurisdiction. The Town wishes to continue programs
II such as these over the next five years. Very few structures in the planning
area would be affected in the event of a severe storm. In this case, all
II structures would be rebuilt according to the zoning ordinance to meet local
building code.
II(ii) The alternatives are to support redevelopment, to limit
redevelopment, or to discourage redevelopment.
I�
:d

Engineers 404 Wetlands program with reservations as to designation
' methods.
The military has historically been an important asset to the economy
' and quality of life in Eastern North Carolina. There has been on -going
debate over the expansion of the Military Operating Airspace (MOA) over
' Beaufort County. Chocowinity is not opposed to high altitude flyovers but
has reservations about low flying maneuvers which could place the
population in jeopardy or interfere with local air traffic. Noise levels are an
additional concern.
iThe Town participates in CDBG community revitalization grants to
improve housing conditions, and citizens have utilized the Small Business
Administration loan programs available in the area. The regional Area
Agency on Aging attempts to provide for the growing elderly population
on behalf of the Town.
(ii) Alternatives include complete commitment to State and Federal
programs; limited support of these programs; or opposition to the
programs.
iii The policy will be general commitment to state and federal
() P Y
programs.
(iv) The Town will continue to support and enjoy the advantages of
' higher agency programs which can enhance the quality of life for local area
residents. Some of those programs are geared toward individuals, and the
Town has limited direct interaction in those cases. To the extent possible,
the Town will partner with state and federal agencies to enforce restrictions
or review projects, which impact the planning area. The town would
consider distributing information regarding issues such as vegetative
' buffers or conservation measures to persons seeking zoning permits if such
information is made available to them.
(g) Assistance to Channel Maintenance and Beach Nourishment Projects.
' (i) This issue does not apply.
67

(h) Energy Facility Siting and Development
(i) Electric generating plants are regulated by State and Federal
agencies and are usually sited in very rural areas. Any potential project
would be subject to local zoning regulations, however it is believed that the
likelihood of such a proposal in the Chocowinity jurisdiction is small.
Offshore and inshore exploration for possible oil or natural gas is an
issue elsewhere in North Carolina but is believed to present no significant
impact on the Chocowinity planning area. However, the Town supports
the concept if exploration is conducted under strict safety restraints.
(ii) Alternatives might include specifically disallowing or allowing
generating plants in any of the zoning districts or making a statement of
protest or support for off -shore drilling.
(iii) The policy shall be to consider any proposal for electric
generation on a case -by -case basis.
(iv) Implementation shall occur through strict enforcement of the local
zoning ordinance with regard to allowable uses in the planning jurisdiction.
(i) Tourism
(i) The Town is interested in increasing tourism in the area. The Town
supports the efforts of the state and local agencies who work with these
projects.
(ii) Alternatives might include taking a more active role in promotions
of nearby events or development of new events to attract tourists to the
area.
(iii) The policy shall be to continue present levels of support for
tourism in the area.
(iv) Implementation shall occur through partnershipping with local and
State agencies, and businesses promoting the area.
(j) Public Beach and Waterfront Access
(i) Chocowinity does not have a water access point for the public at
this time. There are limited possibilities since the only navigable waters are
68

located in the ETJ, adjacent to swamp forest. The Town could possibly
' apply for an Access Grant to assist in site acquisition.
(ii) An alternative would be to seek funding to build a public fishing
ipier or to investigate the possibilities of acquiring a boat ramp facility
through the NC Wildlife Commission.
(iii) The policy shall be to investigate future possibilities for public
access and to apply for funds if the opportunity arises and a location
' presents itself.
(iv) Implementation will occur through encouraging local property
' owners to consider donating undevelopable properties to the Town for
public purposes. The Town would investigate the possibility of acquiring
' waterfront land for public access if there were sites available and funding
could be obtained.
i
E. PUBLIC PARTICIPATION
The preparation of Chocowinity's Land Use Plan was the responsibility of the Chocowinity
Planning Board. The Planning Board, a five -person group appointed by the Town Council,
represents a wide range of ages, backgrounds, and interests. A workshop session introducing
' Board members to the planning process was held in January 1997 and the group then agreed to
meet on the second Tuesday of each month to work on the plan. A work schedule of public
meetings held as part of the land use planning program was approved in February 1997.
At their first meeting, the Planning Board agreed that soliciting public input would be an
' important goal of the planning process. The Townes 1981 Land Use Plan recommended that the
Town conduct a public survey every five years to provide citizen input for subsequent land use
plan updates. A survey was used in the 1993 Land Use Plan Update. In 1997 the Planning Board
prepared a citizen questionnaire and the Planning Board personally attempted to encourage public
' participation. Many residents were willing to discuss the issues with Planning Board members,
and 32 responses were received. Word-of-mouth was perhaps the most effective communication
method utilized to keep the public informed. As issues arose, Planning Board members would
69

informally contact local citizens involved in those issues for information. Notices of Board
meetings and anticipated topics were submitted to the Washington paper, The Daily News.
The Planning Board and Town Council will be the primary groups through which public
input will be accepted, as the planning program continues over the next five years. The Planning
Board will continue to meet as needed to assist the Council in implementing the strategies for
attaining policy objectives on resource protection, production, and economic and community
development proposed in the 1997 Land Use Plan. Following the example of the current planning
program, soliciting public input will be a primary goal of all future planning endeavors.
The Planning Board and the Council recognize the importance of keeping the citizenry
informed of current planning concerns and of receiving the comments and concerns of local
residents.
F. CONTINUING PUBLIC PARTICIPATION
(1) Public Education on Planning Issues
(i) Public participation is an important element of the planning process.
Because of Chocowinity's long history of planning, the public participation
process within the Town is an ongoing, viable process. The Chocowinity
Planning Board, being an extension of the Town Council, is charged with
the responsibility of keeping the public informed on all relevant planning
issues.
(ii) All Planning Board meetings are open to the general public and
provide the opportunity for public involvement. Meetings are publicized in
the local newspaper.
(iii) During this update process, citizen input was requested by a
citizens' survey. Response was markedly better than 1993. The citizen
opinion questionnaire and its results follow this section.
(iv) Implementation shall occur through attempting the options listed in
"(ii)" above.
70

2 Continued Public Participation In Planning
() P g
' (i) Continuing public participation in the planning process is desired
but sometimes difficult to inspire in Chocowinity. Except when faced with
' highly controversial issues, citizens are generally content with land use
policies in the Town, and will not routinely participate.
' (ii) The Planning Board could consider developing a "speakers bureau"
to speak to civic organizations about planning issues. Periodic citizen
' opinion questionnaires could also be administered such as the one
conducted in conjunction with this plan update. The Planning Board could
place news items in local papers concerning each Planning Board meeting.
New items on local radio stations concerning planning are to be
encouraged as well.
(iii) The policy shall be to make regular efforts to draw more public
participation.
' (iv) Implementation shall occur through attempting the options listed in
'Vi)" above.
(3) Method of Obtaining Citizen Input
(i) During this plan update, several efforts were made to obtain citizen
input. Response was average. Articles regarding the Land Use Planning
Process were printed in the local newspaper. A citizen survey was handed
out at Town Hall, and thirty-two (32) responses were received. Planning
Board meetings were publicized in the newspaper. Targets for citizen
input were all residents living in the Chocowinity Planning Area.
(ii) The Town could and should continue its public information
campaign efforts. Openness to public comment and reasonableness of
effort may be the best we can hope for when dealing with the issue of
public input.
(iii) It should be noted that average citizens tend to play a prominent
' role in Chocowinity's .government. The Town does not employ a large
number of technical experts to support appointed citizen boards. While
i
1 71

sometimes a drawback, perhaps this practice causes decisions to be made
which most accurately reflect the will of the people and most closely
satisfies their needs. Chocowinity respects and encourages the opinions
and ideas of its citizens in all land use issues and will continue to provide
ample opportunity for those who so desire to participate.
(iv) Implementation shall occur through attempting the option listed in
"(ii)" above.
72

' PUBLIC SURVEY
RESULTS
The Town issued a survey for public input. Distribution was by individual Planning Board members and by pick up at
' the Municipal Building. Thirty-two surveys were returned out of 175 printed, for a return rate of about 18%. Each entry received
a weighted score based on all responses to the question. If the issue was rated as a No. 1 priority, it received a weighted score of 3
points and so on as shown below. For example, Question #1 received 31 ratings of #1 priority and 1 rating of #4 Unimportant
' Now. The weighted score was 93 because each #1 rating was worth 3 points and each #4 rating was worth 0 points. By this
method, all opinions are factored into. the overall score, regardless of the priority level each respondent gave the issue.
RANKINGS:
'
3 pts=High priority; 2pts=Medium Priority; 1 pt=Low Priority; O=Unimportant Now
SCORE
RANK
1.
Ensure safe and adequate drinking water supply.
91
1
2.
Restrict intensive livestock operations such as hog and poultry operations.
89
2
' 3.
Recruit only non-polluting industry.
86
3
4.
Protect surface water quality in the Pamlico River and its tributaries
79
4
'
5.
Promote services and facilities for the elderly.
70
5
' 6.
Limit development near wetlands/areas of environmental concern.
69
6
7.
Promote new residential development inside town limits.
66
8
' 8.
Encourage development of shopping centers or other,commercial use along major highways.
65
7
9.
Improve solid waste management/recycling efforts.
63
9
' 10.
Improve storm drainage.
63
9
11.
Keep Highway 17 within 5 miles of Chocowinity.
63
9
' 12.
Extend the extraterritorial jurisdiction past the current 1 mile.
62
12
13.
Improve existing housing conditions.
57
13
' 14.
Improve pedestrian walkways throughout town.
57
13
15.
Protect prime farmland from conversion to uses such as subdivisions or commercial.
56
15
'
16.
Expand cultural and recreational facilities
53
16
' 17.
Recruit ANY kind of industry.
48
17
18.
Promote historic preservation.
40
18
' 19.
OTHERS (Write In):
More police; repave streets and roads; stop light turn lane at Hwy. 17 and 33; Maintain efficiency on
water contamination; keep
ditches open, control noise .re: car stereos; expand water/sewer, paving/curbing to 1 mile ETJ; have clean-up rules
for business
and homes to
make things look neat; no more public housing; prohibit livestock -especially hogs; public Laundromat; build sidewalks; cleaner
streets/drainage ditches/vacant lots; condemn run-down structures; fix drainage problems; better maintenance by Town, water bills too high.
* Indicates tied scores
73

STORM HAZARDS, MITIGATION, POST DISASTER RECOVERY AND
EVACUATION PLANS
North Carolina is well known for the hurricanes and tropical storms that batter its
coastline and the tornadoes that ravage inland areas. Typically, the bulk of hurricane storm
damage occurs in coastal areas. Hurricanes and tropical storms have however, caused severe
damage in estuarine and inland areas in the past, as evidenced in Beaufort County. The storm of
1913 raised the water level of the Pamlico River to a height of 10 feet in the City of Washington,
inundating the community and surrounding area. Similar storms in 1933 and 1938 caused
considerable damage to waterfront communities, and major storms occurred in 1954, 1955, 1960,
and 1970. In March of 1993 a serious winter storm with high winds and fluctuating tides hit the
area, causing major power outages and a large number. of downed trees. The Chocowinity area
was not as hard hit by this storm as most of the surrounding area.
The area was hit by Hurricanes Bertha, Fran, and Josephine between July 1996 and
September 1996. Damage was heavy in Beaufort County.
Beaufort County experienced significant flooding and damage from downed trees and
general debris. Power outages ranged from a few hours to three days. Flooding all along the
Pamlico and Pungo Rivers damaged residences and businesses. Agricultural interests were hurt
by the extensive rains and debris. Additionally, the fishing/crabbing industry, which is made up of
small, independent watermen felt impacts with regard to damaged boats, shedders, docks/piers,
and disrupted habitats.
In 1984 the County developed a study on storm hazard mitigation entitled Before the
Storm in Beaufort County: Avoiding Harm's Way. This study provides information on areas in
the County at risk from damage, outlines policy suggestions on storm hazard mitigation, presents
a detailed plan for evacuation of the County should a storm event occur, and includes a
reconstruction plan to guide rebuilding after the storm. Chocowinity has used this study as the
basis for its mitigation strategy. The Town participates in the Beaufort County Disaster Relief
and Assistance Plan. A complete copy of both documents is available for review at the Beaufort
County Department of Emergency Management, 112 W. Second Street in Washington.
74

' 1. Land Uses in Hazard Areas
' The flooding, wave action, and erosion associated with hurricanes and other major storms
severely threaten three categories of land in the County: Areas of Environmental Concern, areas
' subject to flooding, and areas with highly erodible soils. Two types of AECs are found in the
Chocowinity area: public trust areas (navigable waterways), and coastal wetlands - found in the
' area of Chocowinity Creek, north of the N. C. 33 bridge. Flood -prone areas, as shown on the
Map of Land Use Constraints, are found adjoining Chocowinity Creek, Maple Branch, and Chapel
' Branch, and in the wetlands bordering U. S. 17 in the northern extraterritorial area. Flood -prone
areas are moderately threatened by damaging forces such as high winds and flooding, and to a
' lesser extent, by erosion and wave action.
The Town is fortunate in that most areas in the community severely threatened by damage
' from storms are undeveloped. Comparing the Map of Existing Land Use with areas subject to
flooding as delineated on the Map of Land Use Constraints, most development in Chocowinity
has occurred on high ground, away from creeks and wetland areas. The County's hurricane plan
identifies over 6,000 structures at risk from storm damage in the County as a whole.
' Hazards from flooding, wave action, and erosion are limited primarily to land adjoining
streams and creeks and to waterfront areas, however the Chocowinity area and the entire County
is threatened by the high winds associated with a major storm event. As noted in the County's
' hurricane plan, the County is susceptible to annual extreme fastest wind speeds of between 120
and 130 miles per hour. (The annual extreme designation means that there is an one percent or
greater chance of that speed being equaled in any one year.)
2. Evacuation and Reconstruction
' The evacuation routes that residents, workers, and visitors would utilize in the event of a
storm disaster are outlined in the Beaufort County Plan. Capacity analyses contained in the
' County's evacuation plan indicates that these routes are adequate for evacuation purposes unless
the routes are inhibited at critical "surge inundation points". Preliminary evacuation times at
' selected inundation points appear in the County's 1984 evacuation plan. Subsequent to adoption
of the County's plan, emergency management officials began working to develop more precise
' estimates.
1
75

The Beaufort County Disaster Relief and Assistance Plan which was adopted in
September of 1982 will guide rebuilding in Chocowinity, after a major storm occurrence. Those
sections of the plan most pertinent to post -disaster reconstruction are Annex F - Beaufort County
Damage Assessment Plan; Annex G - Disaster Assistance Center Plan; Annex H - Disaster
Assistance Program Summary; and Annex 7 - Beaufort County Plan for Temporary Housing. The
County's storm hazard mitigation plan notes that the damage assessment procedures outlined in
Annex F - purpose, organization, concept of operation and articulation of responsibilities - appear
adequate to serve local needs after a storm disaster.
The County has outlined a schedule for staging and permitting repairs following a major
storm event. Chocowinity will follow this schedule as detailed below:
• repair and rebuild essential services such as electricity, water and sewer - first.
• repair other public facilities as necessary for shelter.
• use a triage (or worst damage last) approach to staging the reconstruction effort.
Those properties with little damage should be permitted immediately, if they comply
with permit requirements already. Next, those with moderate damage meeting permit
requirements, followed by those with moderate damage requiring permit decisions.
Those with extensive damage requiring permit decisions or demolition decisions
should receive treatment last since their work would more likely interfere with the
reconstruction of essential public utilities and facilities.
The County has the authority to impose a temporary moratorium on all development in the
area should damage from a storm be especially severe. The Town advocates use of such a
moratorium if damage to a particular area is very serious and if redevelopment of the area in the
same manner would create similar health and safety problems in the future.
The County's Recovery Task Force will oversee the reconstruction process throughout the
County and address any policy questions that might arise. The Task Force will work with state
and federal representatives. The local Recovery Task Force will provide information and
guidance to state and federal recovery efforts and play an advocacy role in decisions regarding
state and federal disaster assistance. Members of the County's Recovery Task Force include the
County Commissioners, the County Engineer and Building Inspectors, the County Manager, the
managers and engineers of each municipality, (in the case of Chocowinity - the Mayor, and the
76

Public Works Director), the County Emergency Management Coordinator, and the Director of
' the County Health Department.
All repairs and new development done as part of reconstruction efforts will be done in
' accordance with applicable state land use regulations and the Town's development controls. The
Board of County Commissioners will direct implementation of the policies and procedures
toutlined in the County's reconstruction plan. The Town Council will assume responsibility for
ensuring that this plan is carried out in an orderly manner in Chocowinity. The Planning Board
' will act as an advisory group to the Council in a matters affecting land use and redevelopment.
3. Coordinating Agencies
' The state and federal agencies involved in coordinating local storm hazard mitigation and
hurricane preparedness activities are listed in Appendix B.
4. Policy Objectives
' The County acknowledges that the Chocowinity area is subject to storms that threaten the
health, safety, and welfare of its residents and the integrity of the area's natural and cultural
resources. In an effort to plan for such natural storm disasters and to safeguard local residents,
resources, and property, the Town has adopted the following policy objectives.
• policy to mitigate storm damage
A. support enforcement of the County's floodplain ordinance in the
extraterritorial area.
B. enforce the state building code in all new construction.
C. encourage the building of structures that will stand against the high winds,
flooding and other damaging effects of severe storms.
• policy to protect natural areas sensitive to storm hazards
A. classify Chocowinity Creek north of the N. C. 33 bridge to its mouth and
all wooded swampland in the ETJ as Conservation on the Town's Land
Classification Map.
B. discourage high density development and large structures in the areas of
environmental concern and other hazardous areas.
' 77

• policy to increase public awareness of the need for hurricane preparation
A. support the "preparedness" program state - and local emergency
management officials conduct in local schools.
B. support and enforce the Beaufort County Disaster Relief and Assistance
Plan.
C. appoint and educate a Recovery Task Force to work cooperatively with the
County during a disaster. This Recovery Task Force will include the
Mayor, representative of governing body, Public Works Director, and
members of the Planning Board, Rescue and Fire Squad Volunteers.
• policy to related to land acquisition in most hazardous areas
A. the town, at this time, does not intend to commit local funds to implement
any widespread public acquisition of land in the most hazardous areas.
• policies related to citizen evacuation
A. the Town supports the County's adopted Emergency Operations Plan as
the primary guidance resource for Town evacuation efforts.
B. the Town supports limited development density in its most hazardous
areas, thus decreasing the potential number of evacuees.
C. the Town supports a policy of ensuring that new public buildings can be
adequately prepared and used as emergency evacuation shelters.
D. work with county officials to plan and conduct possible hurricane
evacuation exercises in the future.
78

VI. LAND CLASSIFICATION

VL LAND CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM
The land classification system is a tool to identify the anticipated land uses within a
planning area. The land classification map, the culmination of the land use planning effort,
designates specific areas for certain types of development activities. It provides a uniform method
of analyzing how the planned use of land interacts with environmentally sensitive areas during the
development process of the Town. The land classification system promotes an understanding of
the relationships. between various land use categories and the need to develop policies to
accommodate these relationships. The focus is to evaluate the intensity of land utilization and the
level of services required to support that intensity. According to the CAMA guidelines:
"The land classification system provides a framework to be used by local governments to
identify the future use of all lands. The designation of land classes allows the local government to
illustrate their policy statements as to where and to what density they want growth to occur, and
where they want to conserve natural and cultural resources by guiding growth." (7B.0204) (b)
The CAMA guidelines include seven general land use classifications for the land
classification map: Developed, Urban Transition, Limited Transition, Community, Rural with
Services, Rural, and Conservation. Their definitions are rankea accoraing io ine inienueu
intensity of land uses within them. Areas classified as "Developed" require the traditional level of
services associated with urban areas. "Transition" areas (both "Urban Transition" and "Limited
Transition") should include areas developing or anticipating development, which will eventually
require urban services. Lower density areas, which will not require services, should be classified
as "Community". Areas classified as "Rural' should be reserved for low intensity uses such as
agriculture, forestry, mineral extraction and widely dispersed housing. Public water and sewer
will not be provided in rural areas except to avert health hazards. The purpose of the
"Conservation" class is "to provide for the effective long-term management and protection of
significant, limited or irreplaceable areas". Public or private services, like water and sewer, should
not be provided in this land classification.
The seven land classifications and land classification map are intended to serve as a visual
definition of the policies stated in this plan. Only five of the possible classifications were deemed
appropriate in the Chocowinity planning area at this time, and they are discussed below. The
80

changes identified are in response to current events such as the extension of Town boundaries and
' the ETJ during the planning period, as well as the potential impact of the Weyerhaeuser
development proposal on Chocowinity Bay.
' A. DEVELOPED
' The Developed land classification is intended for continued intensive development and
redevelopment of urban areas. It includes areas already developed as urban in character and
' include mixed land uses such as residential, commercial, industrial, institutional and other uses at
high to moderate densities. Town services including water, sewer, public roads and police and
' fire protection are provided within the Developed class.
In the planning area, the land located within the Town limits is classified as Developed.
Since the wastewater system is online, 100 percent of the structures within this boundary are
served by sewer service. All of the residents are provided water service.
B. URBAN TRANSITION
' The Urban Transition class is categorized by the lands providing for intensive urban
development within the ensuing ten years. These areas will be scheduled for provision of water
' and sewer in the future. They will also serve as the overflow sites for development when
additional lands are needed to accommodate growth. They will eventually become a part of the
' urban area.
The Urban Transition classification includes the area located in the eastern and
' southeastern sections of Town nearest to the transportation routes, and currently used for
agricultural land and light residential development. Trends over the past five years have shown
most of the Towds residential growth occurring in scattered locations around the ETJ in
proximity to Highway 33. Generally, these areas are reasonably well suited for future
' development if water and sewer lines are extended. The land use analysis showed that the soils
within the transition areas are generally unsuitable for septic tanks. Portions of this area adjacent
' to creeks will be flood -prone.
In light of the Cypress Landing development, which is located on Chocowinity Bay
outside the planning area, it is now anticipated that future development pressure will shift to the
' Highway 33 area south of Highway 17.
81

The relationship between the Developed and Urban Transition classes is important in a
predominantly rural area like eastern Beaufort County. Local land use planning efforts and public
investments will be targeted to the land within these classes. Available vacant land within the
developed class should be considered for development prior to using public dollars within to
extend services to the transition classes.
C. LIMITED TRANSITION
There are several areas in the Chocowinity Planning Area which have been classified as
Limited Transition. We expect the Cypress Landing development to generate new development
interest in Chocowinity. While the major transportation corridors are being classified as Urban
Transition, it is likely that some low density residential development may be spawned in areas of
the northeast quadrant of the planning area, adjacent to the Conservation Classification, such as
the pre-existing Cowpen Landing subdivision at the mouth of Chocowinity Creek, or in other
areas with limitations for development such as the Gray Road area in the southeast quadrant of
the planning area. The Town is not opposed to such development and will make every effort to
help developers tap into any public service systems needed to sustain low -density development on
the fringe of conservation areas.
D. COMMUNITY
The "Community" classification is usually characterized by a small cluster of mixed land
uses in a rural area which do not require municipal services. It usually serves to meet the housing,
light shopping, employment and public services needs of a rural area. The Community
classification typifies crossroads areas along primary and secondary roads. In the Chocowinity
planning area, there are no areas classified as "community".
IE. RURAL WITH SERVICES
There are no areas in the Chocowinity Planning Area which have been designated Rural
with Services.
0-i

' F. RURAL
' The "Rural" classification is designed for undeveloped areas, which may be used for low
intensity, non -urban uses. Urban services are typically not needed in the "Rural' class due to the
' dispersion of development within these areas. Generally, these are lands identified as appropriate
locations for agricultural production, mineral extraction, or forestry activities, as well as noxious
' or large scale uses,. which are best conducted in relative isolation. Areas with significant
limitations to make development hazardous or economically unfeasible should also be placed in
' the "Rural' classification.
Some of the land outside the town limits falls into this classification. Presently, this land is
' used for agriculture and forestry activities, but is not restricted to these uses. Spillover
development from the transition and developed classes will be welcomed. The Town has no
special restrictions on development in this area.
' G. CONSERVATION
The "Conservation" class provides for the effective long term management of significant,
' limited or irreplaceable resources. This includes, as a minimum, all of the statutorily defined
AECs. In Chocowinity, this involves public trust waters, and forested wetlands. There are no
estuarine waters or shorelines by virtue of the fact that creeks in the planning area are inland
waters. The boundaries include that portion of Chocowinity Creek area shown as Conservation
' on the 1997 Land Classification Map as well as the wooded swamp areas now included in the ET7
' on either side of Highway 17 in the northeast section of the planning area.
The Conservation class does not imply "non-use". It is intended to provide for careful and
cautious management of the uses allowed in it. Preservation, on the other hand, implies total
'
restriction i n f all uses in an effort to keep the natural environment intact. Through conscientious
o p
' management, the Conservation class requires all uses to be as inoffensive as possible. The
intention of the Conservation class is to strike a balance between careful long-term management
' of sensitive natural and cultural resources and the freedom of landowners to utilize their property
to its best use.
' The Town of Chocowinity relies upon the Stat&s restriction of uses in the Conservation
class, to uses such as:
1
83

(1) Water -oriented uses such as docks, piers, mooring pilings, bridges and bridge
approaches if shown not to cause a detriment to the AEC or Conservation lands.
(2) Necessary utility service lines, such as water, sewer, electrical, natural gas, etc.,
when demonstrated that the lines will not terminate on the land designated as
Conservation and the environmental integrity of the Conservation area will not be
violated.
(3) Bulkheading, when construction of bulkhead can be conducted without
significantly altering the ecological system, and in compliance with existing federal,
state and local regulations.
(4) Revetments, culverts, groins and navigational aids.
(5) Marinas, provided that they are in compliance with size and water quality
requirements set by state.
84

VII. RELATIONSIiIP OF POLICIES
AND LAND CLASSIFICATION

I VIE[. RELATIONSHIP OF POLICIES AND LAND CLASSIFICATION
As required by the Coastal Resources Commission, this plan must discuss the manner
in which the policies developed in the Policy Statements section will be applied to each of the
land classes. In addition, an identification must be made of the types of land uses which are
appropriate in each class.
DEVELOPED AND URBAN TRANSITION CLASSES
Recent trends have shown that most of the growth in the Chocowinity planning area is
occurring in the outer ET7 on the fringes of the Town limits. This is the area where basic
services such as water, sewer and community support services are available or might be
feasible within the planning period. These classes are designed to accommodate all intensive
land uses, including residential, commercial, industrial, transportation and community facilities.
Hazardous or offensive uses, such as land application systems, electrical generating facilities,
airports, and noxious industries will not be permitted in these classes.
LIMITED TRANSITION CLASS
The Limited Transition Class has been identified to allow for low density residential
development which may come under pressure to convert from agricultural to urban uses over
the ten year planning period in areas adjacent to the sensitive Conservation Class. The Town's
policies do not support random extension of services but take a case -by -case approach to any
such proposals.
RURAL CLASS
The rural class is the broadest of the land classes and is designated to provide for low
intensity uses including agriculture, forest management, and mineral extraction. Residences
may be located within the rural class where urban services are not required and where natural
resources will not be permanently impaired. Offensive land uses, such as land application
systems and airports will be limited to this class. The Town's policies do not discourage
conversion of rural land to urban uses, and in fact, somewhat encourages the transition. Prior
86

APPENDIX A.
AGENCIES COORDINATING STORM PREPAREDNESS
NORTH CAROLINA DIVISION OF COASTAL MANAGEMENT
State Office: Division of Coastal Management
Department of Environment and Natural Resources
P.O. Box 27687
Raleigh, North Carolina 27611
[phone]
Field Office: Division of Coastal Management
Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Washington Square Mall
Washington, North Carolina 27889
[phone]
NORTH CAROLINA DIVISION OF EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT
State Office: Division of Emergency Management
Department of Crime Control and Public Safety
116 West Jones Street
Raleigh, North Carolina 27611
[phone]
Regional Office: Area Emergency Management Coordinator
NC Division of Emergency Management
P. O. Box 424
Winton, North Carolina 27986
[phone]
FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY
National Office: Federal Emergency Management Agency,
500 C Street, SW
Washington, DC 20472
Public Information: [phone]
Publications: [phone]
Regional Office: Federal Emergency Management Agency
Region IV
1375 Peachtree Street, NE
Atlanta, Georgia 30309
Public Information: [phone]
Disaster Assistance Program: [phone]
Flood Insurance Program: [phone]
m

FEDERAL REGULATORY DEVICES
AGENCY LICENSES AND PERMITS
•
Army Corps of Engineers, Permits required under Sections 9 and 10
Department of Defense of the Rivers and Harbors Act of 1899; permits to
construct in navigable waters
' Permits required under Section 103 of the Marine
Protection, Research and Sanctuaries Act of 1972
• Permits required ' under Section 404 of the Federal
Water Pollution Control Act of 1972; permits to
undertake dredging and/or filling activities
' U.S. Coast Guard, • Permits for bridges, causeways, pipelines over
Department of Transportation over navigable waters; required under the General
' Bridge Act of 1946, and the Rivers and Harbors Act of
1899
' Geological Survey, • Permits required for offshore drilling; Approvals of
Bureau of Land Management, OCS pipeline corridor rights -of -way
' Department of Interior
Nuclear Regulatory • Licenses for siting, construction and operation of
Commission nuclear power plants; required under the Atomic Energy
Act of 1954, and Title II of the Energy Reorganization
Act of 1974
Federal Energy . • Permits for construction, operation and of interstate
Regulatory Commission pipeline facilities required under the Natural Gas Act of
1938
• Orders of Interconnection of electric transmission
facilities under Section 202(b) of the Federal Power Act
• Permission required for abandonment of natural gas
pipeline and associated facilities under Section 7C(b) of
the Natural Gas Act of 1938
1 90

STATE REGULATORY DEVICES
' AGENCY
LICENSES AND PERMITS
Department of Environment
waters or operate
Permits to discharge to surface p
and Natural Resources,
wastewater treatment, plants or oil discharge permits;
'
Division of Water Quality
NPDES permits (G.S. 143-215)
• Permits for septic tanks to be used for industrial
purposes (G.S. 143-215.3) Permits for withdrawal of
surface or groundwaters in capacity use areas (G.S.
143-215.108)
Department of Environment
Permits for air pollution abatement facilities and sources
and Natural Resources,
(G.S. 143-215.108)
Division of Air Quality Section
' Department of Environment
Permits for construction of complex sources; e.g.,
and Natural Resources,
parking lots, subdivisions, stadiums, etc. (G.S. 143-
Division of Water Quality,
215.109)
' Ground Water Section
• Permits for construction of a well over 100,000 gals. per
day (G.S. 87-88)
Department of Environment
• and/or fill in estuarine waters
Permits to dredge ,
and Natural Resources,
tidelands, etc. (G.S. 87-88)
Division of Coastal Management
• Permits to undertake development in Areas of
'
Environmental Concern (AEC) (G.S. 113A 118)
NOTE: Minor development permits are issued by local
government.
Department of Environment .
Permits to alter or to construct a dam (G.S. 143-215.66)
tand Natural Resources,
Division of Land Resources
• Permits to mine (G.S. 74-51)
91

STATE REGULATORY DEVICES, continued
AGENCY
LICENSES AND PERMITS
Department of Environment • Permits to drill an exploratory oil or gas well
and Natural Resources, (G.S. 113-391)
Division of Land Resources,
(Continued) • Permits to conduct geographic exploration (G.S. 113-
391)
• Sedimentation erosion control plans for any land -
disturbing activity of over one contiguous acre (G.S.
113A-S4)
• Permits to construct an oil refinery
Department of Environment Approval to operate a solid waste disposal site or
and Natural Resources, facility (G.S. 130-166.16)
Division of Solid Waste
Management
92

APPENDIX B.
PUBLIC PARTICIPATION PLAN
93

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The preparation of this map was financed in part through a grant
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through funds provided by the Coastal Zone Management
Act of 1972, as amended, which is administered by the Office of
Ocean and Coastal Resource Management, National Oceanic
and Atmospheric Administration.
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Dated: January 5, 1998
Town of
Chocowinity
North Carolina
1997
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The preparation of this m
provided by the North Ca
through funds provided b,
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Town of
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North Carolina
1997
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00
`: y
Cherry
Gt¢�6 u=
—.0 RLn _
ul
�S y
1 0.5 0 1 2 Miles
1 5
� 5 5.
1.6 3.2 KM
1.6 0.8 0
PRELIMINARY
SUBJECT TO CHANGE
//- 2 _jr- / 9 9 7
IN
ENTD PROJECT
R-2510
UAMSTON E
LU
Q
17
OLD
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F
71)
US-17
WASHINGTON BYPASS
Beaufort and Pitt Counties
T.I.P. No. R-2510
PRELIMINARY ALTERNATIVE
CORRIDO
ttov 2 6 1997 !'
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