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Division of Coastal Management Copy
TOWN OF CAPE CARTERET
WATER SYSTEM STUDY
FEBRUARY 1980
COASTAL CONSULTANTS Ltd.
•
•
CAPITAL FACILITIES STUDY (PUBLIC WATER)
Prepared by
COASTAL CONSULTANTS, Ltd.
Southern Pines, NC
AND
TOWN OF CAPE CARTERET
Cape Carteret, -NC
The preparation of this report was financed in part through a -
grant provided by the North Carolina Coastal i�ianagement Program,
through funds rrovided by the CoE;.:;tal Zone L:anagement act of 1972,
as amended, ^:hich is administered by the Gffice of Coastal Ilanage-
ment, National Oceanic r 1c citmospheric iid:rinistration.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1
CHAPTER II
GENERAL BACKGROUND —PHYSICAL
2
Physiography
2
Climate and Precipitation
2
Study Area
2
Geology and Groundwater
3
Soils
6
CHAPTER III
WATER QUALITY PROTECTION
9
CHAPTER IV
SEPTIC SYSTEMSt SOUND QUALITY,
AND LAND USE
11
CHAPTER V
SEPTIC SYSTEMS AND GROUNDWATER
13
CHAPTER VI
GENERAL BACKGROUND --DEMOGRAPHIC
16
CHAPTER VII
GROWTH
18
CHAPTER VIII
WATER DEMAND
19
CHAPTER ;X
COSTS OF PROPOSED SYSTEM
20
CHAPTER X
FINANCING ALTERNATIVES
25
CHAPTER XI
ADMINISTRATIVE ALTERNATIVES
31
BIBLIOGRAPHY
MAPS AND`_ -FIGURES
MAP 1
General Soil Map
4
FIGURE 1
Geologic Formations
5
Cape taxtbret, Rater System
, -3t :1.
MAP 3
Soil mapping Units
Appendix A
APPENDICIES
Appendix A
Soil Maps
•
Appendix B
Sanitary and Bacteriological Survey
1
• CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
The ability of a community!to accept growth may be limited
by the availability of buildable vacant land in its jurisdiction,
its willingness to build at higher densities, or the population
it can accept without environmental damage or health hazards
reaching unacceptable levels.
In communities with on -lot sewage systems and private wells,
the interrelationship between the two are dependent on the soils
in which the systems operate. Proximity of septic tanks to wells
and surface waters can be of great concern when it comes to
groundwater and surfacewater pollution.
The soils in the Town of Cape Carteret are generally
unsuitable for on -lot sewage disposal according to ratings
by the U.S. Soil Conservation Service. Despite the unsuitable
soils, the surface waters adjacent to the Town have remained
relatively free of fecal coliform. The State sanitation reports
for the area show relatively low counts(average ranges for the
area are 0 to 50 colonies/ml, with occasional highs An some
areas of 90 and 200. The standard for Class SA(shellfish) waters
is 70. The low counts are probably due to the elevation of the
,town and the large lot, low density development. Groundwater
analysis from past records also shows few problems at this stage
of development. The staff 1br the State Commission of Health
Services noted, however, that clearing of the land and higher
densities in the future could cause potential problems.
This study has been prepared in order to determine future
possible problems and the economic feasibility of a public water
system for the Town of Cape Carteret.
2
0
Chapter II General Background_
The Town is basically a retirement village and community
for the nearby Marine Air Station at Bogue. The Town
is on the mainland, but is connected to the Bogue
Banks by the Cameron hangstone Bridge.
Physiograuhvs Cape Carteret is bordered by Bogue
Sound, portions of the White Oak River, and the Croatan
National Forest. The topography of the area is that
of a plain which slopes. gently eastward at an over-
all rate of less than two feet per mile.
Climate and Precipitation: The moderating effect
of the sound and ocean is such that the average winter
weather is less severe than that of the interior. Yet,
mid -summer temperature average is cooler than that
of the interior. Precipitation averages around three
inches per month, and about twice that amount in mid-
summer. Prevailing winds blow from a northeasterly
direction in autumn, and from a south-easterly direction
at other times of the year.
Study Area, The entire Town is considered as the
study area for this plani.It is not unreasonable to
assume that future service could extend beyond the
-� boundary into areas which may be developed near the
Town borders.
E
3
Geology and Groundwater: The Peedee formation lies
deep under Cape Carteret. In the Cape Carteret area, the
Peedee lies under a thick wedge of Castle Hayne. The
Yorktown formation overlies the Castle Hayne and
reaches a thickness of about sixty feet. A thin layer
of sand and clay (chiefly Pleistocene) may overlie the
Yorktown. Map 1 represents the general soil associations
in the area. Many of the soil types are_severly limit-
ed by the close proximity of the groundwater to the
surface. Septic tank filter beds are restricted
primarily by high groundwater tables or inadequate
filtering action of the soil.
Two main water bearing units furnish water to wells
• in the area. The units available for water are the
surficial sands and the underlying tertiary limestone
Both sources are usable. Recharge of the surface aquifer
is by rainfall.
The surficial sand yields water freely to well
points, supplying water to most domestic users. The
groundwater table is generally at or within six feet
or the surface in most areas.
The capacity of wells drilled into the tertiary
limestone varies from 18 to 125 GPM per foot drawdown.
In order to guard against salt -water encroachment, the
40
•
r7
L _�
4
GENERAL SOIL MAP
W
F =
• '!�� egg'`. ':F••�!I/.lF/�:l
: •X * j�� rJ�CYfr •.
: I•r.•IF: r� .•. J
O 1 ! A A.
�- •� i APPROXIMATT SCALE IN MILES
i
•
s
•
LEGENO
ONSLOW - LUMBEE ASSOCIATION: Newly Ipel u golly sloping
sedw ftt WON Is peerlf dreiood sails vft as taigrsMfineA odosrfams
lsysr of two berfpand friable se•dip glow loos saboalls.
LEON - LYNNHAM4 ASSOCIATION: No" level seswhd pow
s M very gswly Migot smile with seed osrfese loyess and darfi
rmMkb Mow Ma* hardpan esbomFL
LAKELAIID-BAYYEADE - DRAGSTON ASSOCIATION:tsemmolm*
Atom/ soa* sails fm "Member poorly drained omits with gaudy
loss wbesila.
QTIDAL MARSH -COASTAL BEACH ASSOCIATION: Noe* level
load svvrflw$d by bigf 011$6e1$r and use/ dogma.
QPONZER- PAMLICO ASSOCIATION: very pswy droisd mrgsais
soils it fe So isebes of sock efer $soft to legsl ftew f soils,
®JOHNSTON- BIBS ASSOCIATION: Needy level very pony to pool.
drained sells sm flood ptsiem is dreimmgwye.
PORTSMOUTH-TORHUNTA ASSOCIATION: Nearly level very peoAy
drolood fails miff Nest srrfemo lowers oM gray McUe gedy less to
sego Mow loss ssb"Im.
SOURCE* Q& OE/NRTMENT OF AM CMTUM
SOIL CONSERVATION SERVICE
RALKION, KG
MAP i
tr�lanNlen
all - •o" of Oeeteraery ato
To .- LlweNeae of Yertlery *Ie
eoeeietfq of Yorktown farmotlee
and Castle Meyee Ilmeeteee
Ke — Heito formation of Creteeeoee
GEOLOGIC FMATIONS
SOURCE, LEGRAND, H.E., GROUND -WATER BULLETIN
NUMBER I, RALEIGH 1960.
I
wells should be pumped so that the pumping level
does not get below 20 feet below sea level.
• The water from the surficial sands is soft and
contains enough carbon dioxide to render�it too
corrosive for some users. The water from the tertiary
limestone is a hard, calcium bicarbonate water which
usually requires treatment prior to use.
Soils, In the Town of Cape Carteret, the soils are generally
unsuitable for septic tanks. Furthermore, the limitation of greatest
concern is the poor filtering capacity of various soils. The
potential for groundwater pollution is high. The following soil
units are found in the Town of Cape Carteret with limitations
indicated for on -lot sewage disposal systems. (See soil maps
in appendix for locations.)
Arapahoe Series (Map # 87)
These soils are found on low flat areas of the Coastal Plain
mainly on the Pamlico Terrace. They are very poorly drained, with
slow runoff, and have moderately rapid permeability. The water
table is at or near the surface 4 to 8 months annualy. Hazard
rating for septic tanks -severe due to ponding and occasional
flooding.
0
Bavmeade Series( Map # 738-B)
Baymeade soils occur on broad, gently sloping surfaces of
the lower Coastal Plain, generally above 20 feet. Slope ranges
from 1 to 6 percent. The soils are well drained, have slow
runoff and moderately rapid permeability. The water table is
generall at a depth of 4 to 5 feet, but wetness occurs
• in December to April. Hazard rating for septic tanks -moderate
due to periodic wetness.
7
Carteret Series (Mar # 81)
Carteret Soils are on nearly level tidal marshes bordering
the Outer Banks. Elevations are about 1 foot below to 3 feet
above mean sea level. These soils are flooded frequently by
daily high tide. The water is at or near the surface most of the
time. The soils are very poorly drained and permeability is
rapid to very rapid. Hazard rating for septic tanks -severe
due to flooding, ponding, and poor filtering capacity, with
potential for polluting groundwater.
Chiplev Soils (Map # 460)
The Chipley soils are moderately well drained, rapidly
permeable soils with slow runoff. They are found on nearly
level to sloping landscapes. These soils have seasonal crater
tables between depths of 20 and 40 inches for 2 to 4 months.
during, most years. Hazard for septic tanks -severs due to
• wetness and poor filteri
ng ing capacityg with potential for
polluting groundwater.
Kureb Series (Map # 704-B)
The Kureb soils are on broad, gently sloping surfaces
of the Lower Coastal Plain. Gradients are 3 to 10 percent
and may range to 20 percent on side slopes along streams and
edges of bays. They are excessively drained, with slow runoff
and rapid permeability. Depth to seasonal high water table is
more than six feet during most of the year. Haxard for septic
tanks-save.a due to poor filtering capacity. High potential
for groundwater pollution.
LJ
Leon Series (Yap # 582)
The soils are sandy to depths of 72 inches or more. The
water table is generally at or near the surface. The per-
meability is rapid to very rapid. -Hazard for septic tanks -
severe due to wetness and cemented pan.
Muckalee Series (Map #JB)
The Muckalee Soils occur on the flood plains of streams
on the Coastal Plain. Stream channels are generally shallow
and meandering. The soils flood frequently for brief periods.
Slopes are less than 2 percent. The soils are poorly drained
with very slow runoff and moderate permeability. Depth to
water table is generally at or near the surface to 1 foot below.
Hazard for septic tanks -severe due to flooding and ponding.
Seabrook Series (Man # 452)
Seabrook Series soils are on nearly level uplands of
• the Lower Coastal Blaine The soils are moderately well drained,
runoff is slow, permeability is rapid. The water table is
within 48 inches for more than 60 cumulative days most years.
Hazard for septic tanks -severe due to wetness and poor filtering
capacity, with potential for groundwater pollution.
Wando Series (Map # 722-B)
The Wando Soils are on nearly level to gently sloping
uplands of the lower marine terraces. Slope gradients are
0 to 6 percent. They are excessively drained, with slow runoff,
rapid infiltration and rapid permeability. The water table is
generally greater than six feet for most of the year. Hazard for
septic tanks -severe due to poor filtering capacity, with poten-
• tial for groundwater pollution.
0
Chapter III Water Quality Protection
• The control over potential problems in the Sound rests in
a collection of overlapping government controls. The Commission .
of Health Services sets standards for use of septic systems
which are enforced by the County Health Department. The CHS
makes regular reports on the quality of water for shellfishing.
The Environmental Management Commission sets standards for
wastes and water quality parameters. The EMC monitors water
quality in eash of the river basins discharging into the Sound.
The counties and municipalities therein are responsible for
controlling land use, and among other things, preventing high
density of development on poor soils adjacent to the Sound.
Although man-made pollution from industry, commerce and
residential development can be controlled by some layer of
government, agricultural uses have been exempted by the State
from most all direct and indirect control.
Ih their 1979 Water Quality Management Plan, the N.C.
Department of Natural Resources noted that it is highly pro-
bable that many streams and coastal waters are degraded but
undected at this time due to a lack of water quality monitoring.
DNRCD is concerned with several water pollutants, namely oxygen
demanding substances, bacteria, sediment, nutrients and toxics.
Wastes from all sectors of development pose demands on oxygen
in the crater - an essential to aquatic life. Generally a level
of 5mg/1 of dissolved oxygen is required to sustain acceptable
biologic activity. Pathogenic bacteria can be found in both
0 domestic wastewater and runoff from animal feedlots.
10
• Pathogens which are most frequently transmitter.: through water
are those which cause infections of the intestinal tract, namely
typhoid, and paratyphoid fevers, dysentary and cholera. Live-
stock operations may cause bacterial contamination of shellfish.
Also, extensive ditching, (agricultural, construction, and
residential) can cause bacteria to enter estuaries. Coliform
bacteria standards for differenV. classes of waters are as follows:
Class Standard (colonies/ml)
Class A-1 waters 50/100
Class A-2 waters
1000/100
Class B and SB waters (fecal)- 200
Class C and SC waters (fecal) 1000
Class SA waters (shellfishing) 70
As we noted before, sediment loads have served an important
function in the sound, especially by interfering with photo-
synthesis and preventing algae bloom despite ample presence of
nitrogenous materials. Sedimentation in the coastal area is
largely due to erosion from agricultural use and urban use
construction activities. Sediments in the Sound and streams
disrupt the food chain. At moderate concentrations, fish cannot
spawn; at high concentrations, gills of fish clog and they die.
Sediments also cover up bottom food for fish. Fish starve or
move away.
Nutrients (phosphorus and nitrogen) are required by plants
in order to grow. However, if these levels become too high,
0 algae blooms occur. Excessive nutrient inputs may occur from
wastewater discharges, septic tank leachate, heavy concentrations
of wildlife, rainfall runoff from agriculture and residential areas.
11
Chapter IV Septic Systems, Sound Quality and Land Use
• Although a satisfactory model that would predict when
septic tanks would cause pollution of adjacent waters has not
been developed, many studies point to some rather obvious
conclusions. In Nassau County, New York, a population density
of 2000 persons per square mile has resulted in nitrification
of surface and ground waters. In -New Hanover County, monitoring -
was performed on four tidal creeks to assess the impact of
septic systems. Residential development on the Creeks ranged
from heavy (Whiskey and Bradley) to almost non-existent(Futch).
Bacteriological and nutrient samples were obtained from these
creeks during the period July to October 1978. Results showed
the following:
Monitoring Results in New Hanover County
Whiskey Creek Bradley Creek Futch Creek
Fecal Colifors 196
228
21
Total Coliforn 3970
2452
66
Septic Tank Density
(units/acre) .367
.563
.036
Soils Rated Severe
(% of area) 78
70
10
In still another study on the Surf City area, the State
DNRCD was able to conclude that fecal coliform survive in the
soil in significant numbers for 32 days. In addition these
colonies will travel tens of feet per day in soils. A range of
up to 1000 feet may be possible.
The relationship between septic systems and high fecal
counts in.adjacent water areas is also apparent from studying
the CHS reports
for waters adjacent to the
Outer Banks.
•
Areas south of
the Washington Baum Bridge
to Ocracoke are
basically unpopulated except for small communities on septic
systems. With but one exception (where there was cited a natural
12
cause) the reports document that fecal coliform counts in
• excess of State standards are found where there is residential
housing using septic tanks.
In conclusion, septic systems(even when from a layman's
perspective they are functioning properly) are a cause of
pollution(fecal coliform and nutrients) in nearby water bodies.
This relationship appears to depend on the quality of the soils
to remove bacteria, the distance of the system from the water,
and the density of development.
The level of fecal coliform will probably be related to
the amount of development on septic systems located on poor soils.
The problems of high fecal coliform counts is not solely the
elimination of shellfish as a source of sport and commercial
food for man. Shellfish are collectors of bacteria and viruses.
• They are also part of the foodchain for finfish. In addition,
high fecal coliform counts may eventually close areas to fin —
fishing and bathing.
13
Chapter V Septic Systems and Groundwater Quality
• Effluent from septic systems threaten to pollute the water
table aquifer. Although this may not appear to be presently
significant, studies have caused some concern that contamination
may pass through the water table aquifer to the consolidated
aquifers below. Furthermore, evidence of lateral movement to
wells nearby also indicates the possibility of a health hazard.
In the Surf City area, the State DNRCD was able to conclude
that fecal coliform survives in the soils in significant numbers
for 32 days. In addition, these colonies will travel tens of
feet per day in soils. Disolved oxygen stratification was
observed in canals at the Surf City area during both February
and July. Dissolved oxygen concentrations as low as 0.2mg/i were
measured at some canal stations. Without sufficient water movement
and mixing, the finger canal stations provide a sink for dense
saline waters and nutrients which result in low dissolved oxygen
concentrations. Greater dissolved oxygen oxygen concentrations
ranges and lower minimums occurred at the canal dead end stations
than occurred at the canal entrances. Poor circulation character-
istics and reduced assimilative capacities are typified by low
dissolved oxygen concentrations and vertical oxygen stratification.
These conditions were especially prevalent in February and July.
Poor flushing characteristics, surface water runoff. and
groundwater infiltration cause high degrees of contamination in
the canals. Chemical data on septic tank leachate showed that
the leachates are contaminating the groundwater(water table
• aquifer) system. Dye traces clearly show that septic tank leachates
are reaching surface waters via overland flow during periods of
moderate rainfall. During the rainfall period, a sample collected 0
14
• within 50 yards of a canal had coliform densities of 34,000/100ml
total coliform and 2300/100ml fecal coliform. Data collected
indicate that septic tank systems within the study area serve
as a major source of bacterial and chemical contaminants and
exert a detrimental effect on surface water quality.
In 1977, Moore, Gardner and Associates, an engineering
firm, conducted a groundwater study at Carova Beach Subdivision,
Currituck County, NC. The study showed that seven days transport
time allowed a dye solution to travel 140 feet laterally to an
adjacent canal. This is an average of 20 feet per day. Groundwater
studies indicated that a conventional drainfield system could
endanger the groundwater and, as a result, transport filtrate
to the adjacent public water canals. The studies showed that
• due to poor flushing characteristics of the canals, in all
likelihood the canals will not meet water quality standards even
in undeveloped conditions. In addition, these canals will be
subject to a large siltation rate. The evapotranspiration system
originally proposed by Moore, Gardner and Associates was sub-
sequently determined by the USEPA to be unfeasible due to the
high rainfall rate in the area and the problems related to the
maintenance of such systems. The EPA recommended denial of a permit
'for the canal system as well as the use of septic tank drainfields
in the area.
SEWAGE TREATMENT ALTERNATIVES
Several alternatives exist to the present handling of septic
systems. Among these areo decrease density on areas with poor
•
soils, decrease
population in
general, provide generous setbacks
from the sound
and any canals,
increase the vertical separation
of the nitrification lines from the limiting factor to as much
15
• as thirty inches or more. Modifications to the septic system
include mounds, evapotranspiration beds, low pressure pipe,
aerobic systems, package plants, and holding tanks. The
alternative to the individual system is a municipal, community
or regional system. It appears that hard decisions will have to
be made on the use of land and strict regulations on the use
of conventional septic systems if groundwater and surface water
quality is to be possible in the future.
•
-16-
Chapter VI General _Background ---Demographic
Population: The population has increased from
52 year round in 1957 to 790 in 1975. The present
• estimated population is about 1250. This increase
has been dwt to persons retiring and moving into the
area. Many of these persons purchased lots in the erly
1960's. This trend will continue until near total
development is reached. This could occur in the next
twenty years or sooner.
The concentration of the population initially
took place in the Cape Carteret subdivisions which
made up the original city limits. When Star Hill Golf
Club Inc. and Bay Shore Park Subdivisions were in-
cluded in the city limits, the population began to be
distributed throughout the current city limits.
Economy_ Cape Carteret is basically a residential
community. The commercial establishments and services
offered in the city limits are designed to take care
of the basic needs of the citizens of Cape Carteret and
not provide an economic base.
A large segment of the population is retired. A
large portion of those that are not retired work as
civil service employees at Camp LeJune Marine Base or
Cherry Point Marine Base.
The areas that provide major shopping facilities
for the citizens of Cape Carteret include Morehead
City in Carteret County and Jacksonville in Onslow
County.
17
Existing Land Uses There are 500 residential
• acres within the city limits of Cape Carteret.
There are 415 housing units within the tors.
The commercial land use has been in the form
of basic services and basic shopping. The existing
developments include approximately 25 acres.
The two governmental and institutional land uses
are the municipal property and the White Oak Elemen-
tary School. The municipal property includes approx-
imately one acre and includes facilities for the
Town Hall, Rescue and Fire Services, and a service
0
• Chapter VII Growth
The following table illustrates the projected population
of the town of Cape Carteret.(Swansboro Area 201 Facility Plan)
Projection Year
Population
1980
1258
1985
1496
1990
17134
2000
2210
The Costal Area Management Act Land Use Plan_ for _the _Town
of Cape Carteret has indicated that Cape Carteret should,
continue to develop as a basically residential community.
In addition, the public input -seemed to.indicate that past
growth trends were desireable and could be expected in the
future. The relationship of the capabilities of the land to
• support projected growth are based on the assumption -.in the:
Plan that Cape Carteret will have public water and sewer with-
in the next tern years.
In addition to the demands on the land due to population.
increase. there will also be additional demands for commerci-
al land, It should be noted that -the Plan indicates essential
shopping facilities and services are needed but major commer-
cial development should not occur.
The projected growth of Cape Carteret will be contingent
on the overall economic stability of Carteret County.
In addition, the future of the tourist industry throughout!
the County is important to the development of Cape Carteret.
The proper development of Carteret County as a tourist center
will enhance the desirability of Cape Carteret as a place to live.
19
• Chapter VIII `Hater Demand
The design period for water facilities is twenty
years. The design population is 2210 persons.
The water demand for the Town of Cape Carteret
is estimated from population projections and exist-
ing commercial units. To convert population into water
demand, a per -capita rate of 100 gallons per day was
used. The following table shows demand projections:
Cape Carteret Demand Projections
Residential
2210 persons x 100 gal/cap/day = j lz.-I 221,000gpd
Commercial and Institutional
Restaurant: 4 units x 160 gal/unit = 640gpd(present) �r+�
Golf Club: = 500gpd(present)
Shellfish Process Co. = 1500gpd(present)
Other Commercial= 500gpd (present)
Total Commercial=•3140g150.(present)"
Future Commercial = 3140 + 10% _ 3554gpd
White. Oak School: 600 students x 25gal/student= 15,0009pt%
Futa*C re&dentiaiv. ce-tmerfcial� ,-ixiotitutional= 239.554gpd
Unaccounted for water at 3 •gal/person x 2210 6630 gpd..
Total Average Daily Water Demand for year 2000 = 246,184apd:
Total Peak Daily Water Demand for vear 2000 = 169.276aud;
verage Demand z • 1.
40
M
Chapter IX Costs of Proposed System
It is proposed to construct a water supply system
to service the entire Town of Cape Carteret. A 150,000
gallon elevated -storage tank would be centrally located
along N.C. 24. This tank would be constructed to
maintain pressure at optimum levels and stabilize
the distribution system.
The distribution system would be designed so as
to provide a loop system as much as possible, although
some dead end lines are unavoidable. Adequate valving
and fire hydrants would be provided to assure system
control and proper fire protection coverage. Lateral
distribution lines would would be installed throughout
0 the system to service all areas and dwellings where
they can be economically justified. In a limited
number of cases it may be necessary for an isolated
property owner to pay the cost of installation of a
temporary service line if said owner is the sole
user of the service. A plan of the distribution
system is included in the back of this study.
Due to the need to have a back-up well and pump
should the main system fail, two wells and pumps are
proposed. it is conceivable that it may be necessary
to drill to 150 feet. Also ground storage with a
water treatment system will be necessary due to
presence of calcium and iron deposits.
•
21
L.J
•
19
Estimated Cost for Construction:
8" mains
13','800
if @ $
15.00
$ 207 t OOO
6" mains
61,800
if
12.00
741,600
4" mains
26,000
if
8.00
208,000
8" valves
3
ea
400.00
1,200
6" valves
26
ea
290.00
T,540
4" valves
8
ea
175.00
1,400
Hydrants
69
ea
550.00
37,950
Services
425
ea
115.00
489875
Misc. pavement
repairs, casings,
etc.
50,000
Total Distribution System
$1.303:5651
200#000 gallon ground storage
$ 95000
150000 gallon elevated tank
1759000
t2 ea $3000.00
Duplex 54* dip filters
200,000
Duplex alternating water softeners
459000
ARC meters
4,000
2 pumps,controls,piping, motors
109000
Stand-by generator
10.000
Pump station
159000
Total Construction Costs
$1,683.565
Technical Services
132,000
Legal and Administrative
159000
Land, easements and rights of way
50000
Qtntingencies 10%
1884-o36
TOTAL COSTS( 1979 dollars)
$290689621
22
0
•
Operations and Maintenance Cost Estimates Annual Costs
Elevated Tank and Ground Storage Facility $ 600
Pump 500
Treatment System-faintenance 1,500
Water Main Maintenance 10,000
Pumping Power Costs 2,500
Water Meter maintenance 10000
Salaries 129000
Total Operating Expenses ( 1979 dollars $28,100
• Assumed Costs for Estimating Purposes
The economic feasibility of a project is dependent
upon revenues produced by the system. These revenues
must be used to pay for the operating costs of the
system as well as interest and principal of money
borrowed to finance the project.
The Town of Cape Carteret water system cost
estimate can be reasonably adjusted by the assumption
that a grant may be obtained from the State under the
provisions of the Clean Water Bond Act of 1972. The
Act authorizes grants of up to twenty-five percent to
support projects of this nature. Federal.grants do not
appear to be feasible at this time, as the Town does
not qualtyounder the requirements of the Economic
23
w
. Development Administration (EDA) or the Environmental
protection Agency (EPA). There is however a possibility
that the Town could receive a loan from the Farmer's
Mortage Home Administration (FYiHA) which would be
at 5% interest for forty years. Therefore assuming
a twenty-five percent State grant -and a loan from the
FMHA, the project costs would be as follows+
Total Cost
State Grant ( 25%)
Net
$ 2,068,621
..517,115
$1.551.506
Annual Payments at 5% for 40 years $909421
• Annual Operating Expenses 289100
TOTAL YEARLY COST ::11$•521_
Proposed Water Rate and Estimated Revenues
Normally the water rate must be set so as to generate
the revenue required to pay the owning and operating cost
of the system. However, there are limitations on the
amount that can be reasonably charged for water. The
maximum water rates that will be tolerated by customers
on a system vary widely in different locations. These
rates are influenced by the availability of water, type
of development, and other factors.
24
There are presently about 425 potential customers
in the Town of Cape Carteret. Although it is obvious
that this number of potential customers will increase
as the area develops, the initial feasibility must be
based on the existing customers. Mandatory hookups
by all potential customers must be required under the
provisions of N.C: GS 153-
There are a number of ways to consider the revenues
which need to be collected to pay for the water system.
Water use charges, ad valorem taxes, and assessments
are three possible ways. Any one of these, or a combin-
ation of them could be used to produce revenue. The
following chapter presents a number of alternatives.
f
25
Chapter X: Financing Alternatives
Alternative A :
• This alternative shows the financing of the system
'through the sale of :rater only. For comparison purposes,
these rates for water are about 30% higher than Emerald
is
Isle and about 50% higher than Swansboro. Water rates
should decrease as more users are added when the town
population grows. ( For example, the projected year
2000 population for Cape Carteret would reduce the below
rates by about 50%)
Rate Scale: (Monthly )
First 2,000 gallons (minium)
Next 5,000 gallons
Next 10,000 gallons
Next 25,000 gallons
Next 50,000 gallons
Over 50,000 gallons
$9.00
2.00 per 1000 gal
1.75
per
1000
gal
1.50
per
1000
gal
1.00
per
1000
gal
.50 per 1000 gal
If these rates were used, we could expect the
following revenues per years
Residentials 415 unite @ $270.00/year
Commercial and Institutional
TOTAL
$112,050
&9471
$1189521
26
•
Alternative Bs
This alternative includes the use of additional
ad valorem taxes in addition to competetive water rates
as a method of financing a water system.
Rate Scale: (Monthly)
First 2,000 gallons (minimum)
Next 5,000 gallons
Next 10,000 gallons
$6.00
1.40 per 1000 g
1.00 per 1000 g
Next 25,000 gallons .75 per 1000 g
Over 259000 gallons .50 per 1000 g
If these rates were used, we could expect the
following revenues per year:
Residential: 415 units @ $180.00/year $74,700
Commercial and Institutuinal 49065
Total annual costs
Revenue from water sales
Total $18,765
$118,521
789765
Balance $39,756
Additional taxes required per $100.00 of
assessed valuation:$ .28 (Based on total community
valuation of $14,330,014)
27
Alternative C:
• This alternative uses a special assessment of
front foot of property to make up the difference of
$39,756 shown in Alternative B with a competetive
water cost rate scale producing $78,765. The
approximate front footage to be used in this
assessment is about 35,275 feet. This would require
about $1.13 per foot frontage.
Alternative D:
The Town of Swansboro has a water plant with a
• design capacity of 500,000 gpd. They are currently
pumping from 160000 to 190,000gpd. Due to the limited
growth rate of the Town of Swansboro, it is possible
that the Town could have excess water to sell to the
Town of Cape Carteret, should the Towns desire to talk
about some arrangement. Possibilities area
Estimated cost of Cape Carteret Distribution System $1,303,565
Additional 8" line to reach Swansboro 158,400
Total $19461,965
State Grant (25%)
Net
Annual payments at 5% for 40 years
• This would require about $.45 per $100 of assessed
365.49r
$190969474
$63.902
valuation.
Wmtir rates, however, could look something like the
• followings
First 2000 gallons
Next-5000 gallons
Next 10,000 gallons
Next 25,000 gallons
Over 25,000 gallons
$1.50 per 1000 gal
.75
.50
.25
.15
Alternative Es Same as above with $1.81 per foot assessment.
Comparision of alternatives for residential uses
The following table compares the water system costs
per year for three residences of 20,000, 40,000, and
60,000 assessed valuation. Frontage for each is
assumed at 85 feet.
Alternatives A- a - CD D B
• 2090.00 $270 $236 $276- $165 $229-
409000 $270 $292 $276 $255 $229
60,00O $270 $348 $276 $345 $229r
Final. Remarks.
(1)Thw actual costs involved and the,feasibility of
Joining the -,Town of Swansboro system have not been fully
investigatedn-in-this report4 The Scope of this study was
limited tawn Town of Cape Carteret water system.
(21 If th4rate of -inflation continues as many project,
costs of a water system will escalate rapidly.
(3) Costs of a water system should be weighed against
• the future hazards of shallow well use by residents as
densities increase. Also, fire protection and reduced
insurance costs should be considered.
NORTH
C1
It
O
0
0
° pb. -•v0
o,
1°�00
ROOk j,
0
li — 0 O 0 0 r, \ti v v \7
0 CLUBMOUSE R
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AoPe !
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MO.O{f. V•t1� t�tttN O Vim O O
MAYSv,Ltf t0•
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CAPS CARTSRST, N.C. [`oeivs a cone► ;
r+t D
••rA�r !
LJbElObdi�! olf�!lbtiD!'! �Qpobo ,O
c 0. Nam .. .00 OOOC �•OOi000s� �t•OQOO Ol Q
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• tl•t Nt•A1Nf LJ
b o0
L. OfIO b
COASTAL CONSULTANTS U&
q N C
-3�-
Chapter XI Administrative Financing Methods
• A. Pay -As -You -Go
By definition, Pay -As -You -Go capital financing means simply that
the costs incurred in the construction, operation and main-
tenance of a water system facility are paid for out of current
revenues.
Basic revenue sources for Pay -As -You -Go financing are as follower:
1. General taxes
2. Special taxation assessments
3. Capital and special reserve funds
4. Special assessments -service charges(connection fees,
front foot charges, main extention charges)
In the event a municipality cannot subsidize the total cost
of the project out of general fund revenues, it can utilize
• money that has been set aside in either Special Funds or
Capital Reserve Funds to finance a portion of the project
cost., Special assessments and service charges are also methods
of finanoing a water facilities project from current revenues.
A unique feature of both assessments and service charges is that
they allow.for the financing of capital improvements by the
present beneficiaries. In order to utilize this financing
methedi;thereforet it is necessary that the services rendered
and the.beneticiarie• of the service are clearly defined.
B. PmAs-You-Are
Pay -As -You -Use financing means that the municipality incurs a
debt from a water facilities project and establishes a borrow/
payment schedule for a speeicie period of time to retire the
debt.
-32-
Basically, there are two methods of incurring debt under the
pay -as -you -use technique:
1. Creation of a bond issue
2. Bank loans
Most major capital water facilities projects are financed through
municipal bonds. There are three types of bonds that are generally
used to finance major capital improvements:
1. General obligation bonds
2. Utility bonds
3. water revenue bonds
C. Revolving Funds
Municipalities can use the creation of a revolving fund in order
to finance major water facilities improvements. Under- thin- '-
• method, a fund is established for anticipated capital projects
or major improvements. Revenues to establish the fund can be
obtained by either the levy of a special tax or through a
bond issue,
D. Creation of Authorities
The purpose of the creation of an authority is to establish
a governmental unit which can operate distinctly from the
general governmental structure.
1. The Authorities can raise money independently of the
local government agency for specified projects,
2. The debt incurred by.the Authority is not added to
the general municipal debt limit.
3. Authorities can be self-supporting from revenues
0 • generated by the operation of the facility.
-33-
4. Authorities can issue their own bonds.
• 5. Authority members can be selected on the basis of
their knowledge and abilities regarding authority
projects.
There are basically two types of authorities:
1. Financing Authorities
2. Financing and operating Authorities
J
•
APPENDIX A
SOIL MAPS- CAPE CARTERET
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ra ✓ r rry ,r� t r+.,•fl• s �.. v+ di, :+f; wa
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SOIL SURVEY FIELD SHEET
S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
SOIL CONSERVATION SERVICE APPROX. SCALE 4 _ 1 MiLF (,�'jDVANC COUNTY NORTH CAROLINA
OOPERATING WITH ADVANCE COPY - SIl'BJECT TO CHANGE
E AG TURAL EXPERIMENT STATION USDA-SCS-FORT J*F'�P`' �'� f` SURVEY AS NOT OLEN COMPILED NOR CORRELATED. NA�
�diijjlljjjjjj��Y BE CHANGED ANO AREAS MAY BE COMBINED.
3-
ii lip, �.
• 1 �Slii
,J. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
SOIL CONSERVATION SERVICE
OERATING WITH
STA-E AGRITUPRAL EXPERIMENT STATION
f
SOIL SURVEY FIELD SHEET
APPROX. SCALE 4" 1 MILE CARTERET COUNTY NORTH CAROLINA
ADVANCE COPY - SVBJECT TO CHANGE
USDA.SCS-PORT WORTH TEXAS 1976
SURVEY HAS NOT BEEN COMPILED NOR CORRELATED. M�
3- MAY
BE CHANGED AND AREAS MAY BE COMB INEDNA
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE APPROX. SCALE 4" = 1 MILE SOIL SURVEY FIELD SHEET
;OIL CONSERVATION SERVICE CARTERET COUNTY NORTH CAROLINA
COOPERATING WITH �USDA.$C$-FORT WORiN. TEXAS 1976 ADVANCE COPY -SUBJECT TO CHANGE
' I :QIC�TURAL EXPERIMENT STATION SURVEY HAS NOT ISEEN cOMVILED NOR CORRIK NAMES
11-76 • MAY SE CHANGED AND AREAS MAY SE C&ED.
Y
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6R
37� a.
r
788
�t4 1 z,
qy
4 'bF S�FiI L
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450 pYt�
M
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N h
S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE APPROX. SCALE I" = 1 MILE
'OIL CONSERVATION SERVICE
RATING WITH USDA.SCS- WORTH. TEXAS I978
—` 0' 1_'QAL EXPERIMENT STATION •
11-76
SOIL SURVEY FIELD SHEET
CARTERET COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
ADVANCE COPY - SUBJECT TO CHANGE
SURVEY HAS NOT SEEN COMPILED NOR CDRD. NAMES
MAY BE
CHANGED AND AREAS MAY SERE NEO.
•
APPENDIX B
REPORT OF SANITARY AND BACTERIOLOGICAL SURVEYS ----
DEED CREEK AREA
•
•
REPORT OF
SANITARY AI1D BACTERIOLOGICAL SURVEYS
DEER CREEK AREA
AREA D-4
.SAY 1978 - MAY 1979
AUGUST 14, 1979
•
•
0
AREA D-4
EXHIBIT I
EXHIBIT II
EXHIBIT III
EXHIBIT IV
EXHIBIT V
AREA MAP'AND STATION LOCATIONS
SHORELINE SURVEY ROUTE
SEWAGE VIOLATIONS
BACTERIOLOGICAL RESULTS AND MPN MEDIANS
CLOSED AREA MAP
0
Prc_ac
Total Acres .................................................... 2300.
Prohibited Acres ................................................ 133.
Oyster Production.. ..... ...................................... Fair.
Clam Production ................................................. Good.
Commercial Value ................................................ Good.
Recommended Changes ............................................. None.
REPORT OF SA11I`i'ARY AI?D r1ACTE1IOL0GIC1d, SURVEYS
DEER CREEK AREA
• AREA D-4
SHELLFISH SANITATION PROGRAM
NORTH CAROLINA DIVISION OF HEALTH SERVICES
I. INTRODUCTION
Area D-4 is composed of the waters of Bogue Sound and all tributaries between
Intracoastal Waterway Marker #28 on the east and Beacon #45 on the west.
Major tributaries affecting this area are Deer Creek, Hunting Island Creek,
Goose Creek, Saunders Creek, and Sanders Creek. (See -Exhibit I for area map.)
Bogue Banks forms the southern boundary to the area and is a popular summer
resort area with a summer population of approximately 5,000 people. The
year round population would be approximately 2500. Dwellings in. the area are
• basically summer homes and cottages.
The mainlands or northern portion of the area, is made up of farming areas,
residential areas, and one military air base. This is a relatively small
installation and has a working population of 350 with a peak summer population
of 800. Waste treatment for this facility will be discussed in more detail
in the shoreline survey.sec.tion of this report.
Shellfish production is fair with most catches being utilized by the, sports-
man,
Bogue Inlet is the main tidal influence- on this area with the easternmost
section of the area being `approximately 2 hours behind the Inlet tidal cycle.
II. SHORELINE SURVEY OF SOURCES OF POLLUTION
• A shoreline survey of Area D-4 was begun, on March 8, 1979.9 and was completed
on 1•11ay 2; 1979. Conducti_!1- the 3.1,v= l':i-,:1 1 ir1 h;; and Dave C 1aa!jon
of the ;h:.l_Lfish Sanitation Staff.
The survey began, on the mainland, _.e intersection of 11C 24 and SR 1117.
The area between NC 24 and the Intrac__:.otal Wateruay, to the intersection of
NC 58 and NC 24, at Cape Carteret, was included. The survey continued, on
both sides of NC 24, eastward to a point approximately 4 mile west of Broad
Creek. All roads, paths, and drives, both public and private, between NC 24
and Bogue Sound were included. The loop road (SR1113) east of Bogue was also
included.
On Bogue Banks the survey was conducted from the Iherald Cove Apartments,
along the north. side of the main beach- highway, west, to Cedar Street. Also
included were Sound Drive and Channel Drive to the western tip of Emerald
Isle. All roads, paths, and drives, coth public and private, between the
above described route and Bogue Sound were included. See Exhibit II for a
• graphic description of the route.
All residences, businesses, and places of public assembly along this route
were visited. Inspections of the sewage disposal systems at all places
where someone was at home were made. Notices of Violation were issued in
cases where malfunctions were found or when sewage disposal systems were
absent. Copies of these notices were sent to the Carteret County Health
Department for assistance in obtaining corrections.
Of the 1413 places that were visited during the survey, 1333 sewage disposal
systems were inspected. Of these, 31 notices were issued., and,. at the time
of this report, 26 have been corrected.. Paul Murphy is still conducting
follow-up work. (See Exhibit III for sewage violations.) :
• Sewage disposal in the area is achieved mostly through privately owned ground
_ 2
abs:)rption syste-:s. The, only sys`_w' which is not of this type is a lagoon
system which s(;rves Logue :'field, s-:a] 1 nti -Ii Lary training facility owned by
. the U. S. I-iarine Corps. This system consists of 2 lagoons, one approximately
one acre in size) and one, approxi-::ately z acre. The effluent is chlorinated
automatically before it is discharged into a small stream that empties into
Bogue Sound. The distance between the point of discharge to the point where
the stream flows into the Sound, is approximately 4 mile. The chlorine
injection is monitored at least twice each day, and the chlorine residual is
recorded and adjusted accordingly. The lagoons are lined underground with
plastic and are maintained very well.
Whiteoak Elementary School, located at Cape Carteret,_ utilizes septic tanks
and sub -surface disposal systems.
Area D-4 is somewhat unusual by thefact that the population is approximately
evenly divided between permanent and seasonal residents.• The Enerald Is
• portion is different from most North Carolina beaches because of its signifi-
cant -proportion of permanent residents.
There are approximately 5000 people in the area during the vacation months
and approximately 2500 during the winter. The following animals were also
found. These numbers were acquired through a combination of actual counts,
estimates, and through information gained by conversations with local residents.
Dogs 400 Ducks` 100
Cattle 15 Horses 10
Chickens 125 Hogs 70
Geese 15 Guieneas 20
Goats 25
There is only one marina in the area. The Island Harbor Marina is located
on the south side of Bogue Sound at the old ferry dock. At the time of the
survey there were 45 boats moored at the docks; 5 with marine heads and 40
• without heads.
The vegetation in Area D-4 is co -prised mostly of agricultural row crops
and mixed pine and hardwood forests. Marsh grasses that are typical. of
North Carolina estuarine areas are also found near the shellfish growing
waters of the area. Most of the land on the Emerald Isle side is being
developed for residential purposes, mostly seasonal, while most of the
mainland side is used for residential and agricultural purposes.
According to a general soils map published by the Soil Conservation Service,
the soils in Area D-4 have "slight" to "severe" ]imitations in their usage
for septic tank systems. On the beach side, where mostly sand is found, they are
limited by a lack of filtration ability, a shallow water table, and a high
susceptibility to flooding. On the mainland side, they are limited by a
lack of filtration ability and a high water table.
Solid waste is collected by a greenbox collection type system -and carried to
a sanitary landfill outside the area. There are no sanitary landfills in
Area D-4. There was also no evidence of open dumping of trash and 'garbage.
No potential source of chemical, nuclear, or radiological waste was found.
III. HYDROGF�?HIC FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE SPREAD OF POLLUTION
There are presently 2 sections in Area D-4 that are closed to the harvesting
of shellfish. The Goose Creek section is a small shallow creek with very
little tidal movement. Sampling stations are located around the creek mouth
and indicate that the present buffer zone is adequate.
The "U S. Marine Corps facility at Bogue Field has a sewage treatment system
that is served by twin lagoons. The effluent is discharged into a drainage
ditch that eventually reaches Bunting Island Creek. Drogue stu(?.ies were not
conducted because of the shallowness of the water. Water movement is slow
and the present buffer zone is adequate as determined by bacteriological
• results. (See Exhibit V for closed area map.)
IV. BACTEP?O=OGICAI, APID )UMIOLOGICAL SURVEY OF SHELLFISH GROUTING WitTERS
The bacteriological survey was begun in May, 1.978, and concluded in Earch,
- 4 -
1979. During the survey 209 ..r,xter s ples were collected from 19 water
sampling stations. Results indicate little change in bacterial quality of
the growing waters. One exception was Station #26 located in Goose Creek.
The median MPN during the 1977 survey was 23 compared to 93 for the current
survey. Stations #22 and #26 also had more than 10% of the sample MPN's
exceeding 330. Station #9 located near the mouth of the ditch leading to
the Bogue Field Treatment'Plant had a median MPN of 3.6. (See Exhibit IV
for MPN results from all stations.)
There have been no chemical or radiological samples analyzed during this
survey.
V. CONCLUSIONS AND RESULTING AREA CLASSIFICATION
Bacteriological results indicate that conditions remain relatively unchanged
since the 1977 survey. The closed area at Goose Creek seems to be evidenced
by the medians obtained at Stations #29 and #8A. The only other closed
section in this area is located near Bogue Airfield. This section is. closed
due to the required buffer zone around the effluent line from the sewage
treatment plant at the airfield. Station #9,located adjacent to the closed
area, indicates waters of acceptable quality. It is felt that part of the
prohibited area near Hunting Island Creek can be re -opened. Shellfish and
water samples will be collected from this section before any changes will be
recommended. (See Exhibit V for closed area map.)
•
_5_
Area D-4L
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13
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�— In,wMka1
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ksue:,..:......,. -----• -- ---- .. .._... —
EXHIBIT 117.
.>J'.- iI ._. i.L.''E-QAI�--RIB" ___.---CG[1�iTY.,...,Car-e�'et- J�i`F_._4��_----
Owv,ier E Tenant
._. 7.
80- D.-4..
�4 4
_ Paul_T. Mu�pY rL
•. w-_.I uYV ro
Location { Violation.
s.r. 1116 on right onita St. east side ;.
�-
Dolphin St. east side
'.].id..hus.t�d�.__.._.....�.�..____...�._4�.25'/�;
olly Lane west side 1
110 tang -star.
131 Lejeune Rd.'
2 white tr- tncrether ini_nP hnsted
jeune Rd. west side
Fu1.,.hs�.]13e.__,_:....._....__.�.-----__idralnfielsi_s�.egag�._.__..__--;
wy. 24 opp. Bogue Oil Co.washing machine ;
___..___...''greaze__trap_seepage._......_:___..__�/�S/.?.;t.__.:
_.
ff 24 north side near
hi.te./.green-.house.._...-churc4-drain£ield...s2epage.-_.
ff 24 north side near !washing machine
hi.ta/grew.1mus.e.,...._alito-
ff 24 opp. base !tank is open
wy. 24 opp. T.&S.
wy. 24 north'side '
hit ea_hnusE./screen_porch
.r. 1227 opp. rest.
.r. 1226 beside creek
_�.0.Z� 79 ------
.r. 1226 on creek
hLWRale e e enr.�___ ____!drainiielsi._s a� ' _-•---_._
.___----
C,_-L ula-tive Total Corrections
•
10-UL1:NE S'UIWE`L DATA
`iI1'E .DAY IUIF,$,r:._ COIINTY__. Cartgret---
Owner I r,:lnt
_._ Faul_.T�I-;urpby —_.._----------- -
Violation
.r. 1226 on creek
rP.en„ bmil4p
wy. 24 behind rest. kitchen ,
wy. 24 beside Gene's
hitehnuaP-- -------.._._-____
wy, 24 opp. Lover-D-Inn iwashing machine
b1to hl n -k and_ tx..___.-_._ �waodea lid-_on-di.s_t. pox.
wy. 24 beside L.-D-Inn
.r. 1118 notth side
hite.house�cargar_t __. dx'airfield-npen_,with-holes_....j/_1B/ter_..._
.r. 1118 north side
.r. 1118 north side
.r. 1118 south. side
i
grease _ trap._seepage--_._.
.r. 1118 north side
{
xainfi.eld-ditched____-,--
.r. 1118 north side
ff s.r. 1119'on lane
1washing machine
24
--
wy. north side,
b te__haus e._-off: r nd_ _
ay. 24 north side
I
kite_house_npp-_fields.__iJwashing_machi�e__
ay. 24 south side
!washing machine
_f able house __._.-_-jZreasa-trap
0 0 0
•
s Icr�z� �r SURVEY DATA
�J[?`;iY__._C=tE _._ .._.. i7��i:'_-
_ 'enarit - :�o^•�.tio i vi.ol&t 0,1 F r:,tt.
Coz co ; ....
_._._.._ _.___.._.__.______....a.._.. _..__........._._.....__ - Emerald Isle. Tr. Park 'I _..._...... _ t ..._._._. �_
i
n-�� ._L�onoxa_H��.n]-y ,.�S.u�„s---'�rs3_•tr_.—=--°n_.ri•ght.�ilalue-�.__...�nonnecti.on._lo�se __ .,��%:�8�7.�..___..�
r
Total Violations,_3_._
Cumulative Total Can-ections. �,
0
H
aE
O
O
H
ao
I
i
I
Ham.
�' .
� /
� �r ,;
�
v
�(V
`� C
--Cl
r.Z
\�
`� �
� �
'r'r (�•
.. �
.. i 1.
�,��
.,C�
M
�{'1
, i . M
l 1.I M
i,�,,,�
,' ,• M
.r; �
\\ i
!� i
17
tr
i
r
s I M
Jr
Iro
-71
\:�
vl
�`%
' �,
try
1�
�.r Q�
•�.�
kv,
\
v:
I
r,
ie
CI
DEER CREEK AREA -'' ` 1
Area D-4
P?OH113111D AREA HAP CARTERET COUtify
r r A /V
j3 A
G CaJ1r�
o �J n
SO
(3 O G U
n '"C
�4
4 _r_ c A A/ T/ e
No person shall take or attempt to take aryoysters or clams or
possess, sell, or offer for sale any oysters orclams taken from
• the following areas, at any time:
Deer Creek Area:
In Goose Creek, upstrean from a lire drawn from a
point on the East shore. 340 41' 51- N - 770 0' 32"
W. to a point on the West shore, 340 41' 50" N - 770
0' 45" W.
Hunting Island Creek Area:
All waters upstream from a line beginning at a point 340 411 07" Ill
770 U2' 20" W on the east shore; thence in a Straight line, 400 yards,
to a point on island in center of creek at 340 411 05" N » 770-02'
35" W; thence in a straigizt line, 275 yards, to a point on the west
shore at 340 41, 12" H - 770 02, 40" W.
0
•
BIBLIOG.,APHY
Henry, Von Oesen & Associates; Swansboro Area 201 Facilities Plan=
1977
N. C. Department of Natural Resources and Community Development;
Land Use Plan, Town of Cape Carteret= 1976.
N. Co Department of Natural Resources and Community Development;
Water Quality and On -Site Wastewater Disposal= 1979•
N. C. Department of Natural Resources and Community Development;
Water Quality Management Plan; 1979•
N. C. Department of Water Resources, Division of Health Services;
Ronne-+ of 9an;tary and Bacteriological surveys, Deer Creek
1979•
N. Co Department of Water Resources, Division of Stream Sanitation
and Hydrologyt Bulletin #2, Chemical and Physical Character
of Municipal Water Suppliesn North Carol nal 19 1.
Prater, Joseph, H.=
Shriver. R. S. and Register, L.A.; The Influence of Water Table
do „ifa,- n,n Shallfish Waters near Surf City and Old Settler
er and Onslow Counties, North caroiina; iyyo.
University of North Carolina, Water Resources Research Institute;
Analog Modeling to Determine Fresh Water Availability on the
n„+are na"ka of Nnrth Carolinas 1972.
University of North Carolina, Water Resources Research Institute;
Regional Development of Public Water Supply Systems,.1972.
U. S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare; Manual of
Septic Tank Practice; 1967•
U. S. Environmental Protection Agency; Waste Source and Water Quality
Studies, Surf City, North Carolinas 1975•
.U. S. Soil Conservation Service; Interim Soil Survey for Carteret
Countv. North Carolina; 19790