Land Use Plan Sketch Level-1989

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1989 Bolivia Land Use Plan
no
DCM Copy DCM COPY
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Division of Coastal Mana.gement Copy 3 TP
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A*o by
Howard T. Cam 0 Amodates
La dKape Arrhitw;r - Land Planner
321 North Front Street
Wilmington, North Carolina

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TOWN OF BOLIVIA
1989 Sketch Level
' Land Use Plan
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The preparation of this document was financed in part through a grant provided
' by the North Carolina Coastal Management Program, through funds provided by the
Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, as amended, which is administered by the
Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management, National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration.

I. Introduction
The Coastal Resources Commission has provided the Town of Bolivia grant
funds through a contract between the Town and the Department of Natural
Resources and Community Development (NRCD), Division of Coastal Manage-
ment, to prepare a Sketch Level Land Use Plan. The Sketch Level Plan is
intended to give smaller coastal communities an opportunity to plan for
the future as part of the Coastal Management Program.
' One of the basic purposes of North Carolina's Coastal Area Management Act
(hereinafter referred to as "CAMA" or "the Act") is to.establish a state
' management plan that is capable of rational and coordinated management of
coastal resources. The Act recognizes that the key to more effective
protection and use of the land and water resources of the coast is the
development of a coordinated approach to resource management. The Coastal
' Area Management Act provides two principal mechanisms to accomplish this
purpose: first, the formulation of local land use plans such as Bolivia's
Sketch Land Use Plan which express the objectives of local citizens and
translate these objectives into future desired land use patterns; and
second, the designation of areas of environmental concern for the protection
of areas of statewide concern within the coastal area.
' Both the development of local land use plans and the designation and
regulation of environmentally sensitive areas contribute to the manage-
ment by local and state governments of our limited coastal resources.
Bolivia citizens and local officials benefit from this planning process
by reviewing where the community is now and where it wants to be in five
to ten years, and setting goals and policies to reach those objectives.
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II. Data Collection and Analysis
A. Present Population and Economy
According to the Office of State Budget and Management, Bolivia has
a current population of 343. Population growth for municipalities
is difficult to project because of the possibility for annexation;
however, during the past 20 years the Town of Bolivia has experienced
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a rate of growth of approximately 36% per 10-year period while
Brunswick County was growing at the rate of approximately 39% - 48% per
10-year period. Prior to that time, during the period 1960-1970, the
Town experienced an 8% decline in population, while Brunswick County
as a whole grew 20%. The Office of State Budget and Management feels
that while it is unlikely that the Town of Bolivia will grow as
rapidly as the County as a whole in the future, primarily because of
its distance from the beach, the Town will likely experience a growth
rate of approximately 3/4 that of the County.
A large number of .the residents of the Town of Bolivia are retired
individuals living on fixed incomes. There is a small amount of
commercial development in the Town, including a convenience store,
auto dealer, auto repair and services such as a beauty shop, insurance
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company and bank.
One of the primary concerns expressed by local officials and citizens
is the need for a local grocery store and drug store in the community.
Currently citizens must travel to Southport, Shallotte or Wilmington
to shop for groceries.
B. Existing Land Use
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Bolivia land use consists primarily of agricultural open space,
wooded areas and scattered residential parcels. Limited commercial
development such as two gas station/convenience stores, auto
dealership, auto repair shop and small motel are located along U.S. 17.
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There are no new subdivisions inside the Town Limits of Bolivia, and
none in the extraterritorial area. Much of the land area north of
the Town limits is either wooded or agricultural land with a pre-
dominance of wooded acreage to the south and west of the Town limits.
The southwestern and southeastern boundary of Bolivia runs along
small tributaries wich are subject to flooding and for that reason
provide a natural barrier to development in that area of the community.
The area north of the Town limits is not affected by such tributaries
and could easily be developed in the future based on soil conditions
in this area. The lack of sewer is the only community facility con-
straint affecting development since the Town has a water system in
place with excess capacity.
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C. Anticipated Change in Land Use
The U.S. 17 by-pass and extension of 87 to the beach as called for
in the Thoroughfare Plan have the potential to both adversely impact
on the Bolivia economy in the short term and have a positive impact
on the local economy in the long term once both of these highway
improvements are completed. Short term, the by-pass, once opened,
will reduce the amount of traffic currently traveling through Bolivia
which represents potential customers for service stations, convenience
stores and restaurants. However, once U.S. 17 by-pass and the N.C. 87
extension to the beach area are completed, additional traffic can be
anticipated along this highway corridor which will open up opportunities
for businesses in new locations.
U. Current Plans, Policies and Regulations
1. 1978 Zoning Ordinance
This ordinance provides for four zoning districts and estab-
lishes permissible uses, lot sizes, height of structures and
setback requirements. The ordinance also includes sign regu-
lations, parking standards and administrative and legal pro-
visions.
2. 1978 Subdivision Ordinance
The purpose of this ordinance is to establish procedures and
standards for the development and subdivison of land within
the territorial jurisdiction of the Town of Bolivia. It pro-
vides for the orderly growth and development of the Town through
the coordination of streets and highways within proposed sub-
divisions with existing or planned streets and highways and with
other public facilities, the dedication or reservation of recrea-
tion areas and of street and utility rights -of -way or easements,
and for the distribution of population and traffic in a manner
that will avoid congestion and overcrowding and will create con-
ditions essential to public health, safety and the general wel-
fare. The ordinance is designed to facilitate adequate provision
for water, sewerage, parks, schools and playgrounds, and to
facilitate resubdivision of larger tracts into smaller parcels
of land.
3. State Transportation Improvement Plan
This document affects the Town of Bolivia in two ways; 1) the
proposed extension of N.C. 87 to the beach area, and 2) the
U.S. 17 by-pass which is scheduled to begin construction
immediately between Supply and the U.S. 17/N.C. 87 junction.
All right-of-way for this by-pass construction has been pur-
chased.
4. Federal Flood Insurance Program
Bolivia is included in the Federal Flood Insurance Program. The
Flood Hazard Boundary Map shows an "A" Zone along Big Bay Branch
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which is located along the eastern boundary of Bolivia's Corporate
Limit. An additional "A" Zone is located along an unnamed tri-
butary located on the western side of Bolivia from Cox Street
to the Corporate Limit west of Wilson Street. A review of the
detail soils maps for Brunswick County shows that these two tri-
butaries drain all of Bolivia into Middle Swamp which drains south
from Bolivia.
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FLOOD HAZARD BOUNDARY MAP
TOWN OF
BOLIVIA,
NORTH CAROLINA
BRUNSWICK COUNTY
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III. Constraints -- Land Suitability
A. Physical Limitations
1. Hazard Areas
The only natural hazard area inside the Town limits of Bolivia
and within the extraterritorial planning area are areas of
shallow flooding along tributaries such as Middle Swamp, Big
Bay Branch and Bolivia Branch. The Federal Emergency Manage-
ment -Agency (FEMA) has designated flood hazard areas along these
branches which can be found on the Flood Hazard Boundary Map
of Bolivia dated June 10, 1977.
2. Soil Limitations
rOver
50% of the land area inside the Town limits of Bolivia
consists of (GoA) Goldsboro fine sandy loam, (NoB) Norfolk
loamy fine sand or (On) Onslow find sandy loam which are all
considered prime farm land as defined in the Brunswick County
Soil Survey dated November 1986. Much of the land area located
inside the extraterritorial area of Bolivia is also (GoA)
Goldsboro fine sandy loam or (Ly) Lynchburg fine sandy loam.
The primary limitation to development would be the (Mk) Muckalee
loam soils located primarily along the tributaries found on
the southeastern and southwestern boundary of Bolivia. This soil
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type occurs only in the southern portion of the extraterritorial
area along Middle Swamp and Bolivia Branch.
B. Areas of Environmental Concern
The Coastal Area Management Act of North Carolina calls for the
identification of certain environmentally fragile and important
land and water areas that are judged to be of greater than local
significance. The Coastal Resources Commission, in cooperation with
local governments in the 20 county coastal area, has developed a pro-
gram of permit review and coordination within these "areas of en-
vironmental concern" (AEC's). The intent of the regulatory program
is not to stop development, but rather to insure the compatibility
of development with the continued productivity and value of certain
critical land and water areas.
There are four broad categories of AEC's: Estuarine Systems, Ocean
Hazard Areas Systems, public Water Supplies, and Natural and Cultural
Resource Areas. Special CAMA permits are required of all developments
within designated AEC's.
1. Estuarine Systems AEC's
1 The estuarine system of Brunswick County consists of all estuarine
waters, coastal wetlands, Public Trust areas and estuarine shore-

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lines. In general, the estuarine system is defined by all of the
salt and brackish inland waters and adjacent land areas of the
County.
2.
Coastal Wetlands AEC's
These are the marshes, subject to regular or occasional flooding
by tides, including normal wind tides. There are no Coastal
Wetlands AEC's inside the Planning Jurisdiction of Bolivia.
3.
Estuarine Water AEC's
Estuarine waters are defined as "all the water of the Atlantic
Ocean within the boundary of North Carolina, and all the water of
the bays, sounds, rivers, and tributaries thereto, seaward of the
dividing line between coastal fishing waters and inland fishing
waters, as set forth in an agreement adopted by the Wildlife
Resources Commission and the Department of Natural Resources and
Community Development," found in 15 NCAC3F.0200 in the most
current revision of the N.C. Fishing Regulations for the Coastal
Waters. There are no Estuarine Water AEC's inside the Planning
Jurisdiction of Bolivia.
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4.
Public Trust AEC's
Public trust AEC's are all waters of the Atlantic Ocean and the
lands thereunder, from the mean high water mark to the seaward
limit of State jurisdiction; all natural bodies of water subject
to measurable lunar tides and lands thereunder to the mean high
water mark; all navigable natural bodies of water and lands thereunder
to the mean high water level or mean water level, as the case may
be, except privately owned lakes, to which the public has no right
of access; all water in artificially created bodies of water con-
taining significant public fishing resources or other public re-
sources which are accessible to the public by navigation from
bodies of water in which the public has rights of navigation; and
all waters in artificially created bodies of water in which the
dedi-
public has acquired rights by a prescription, custom, usage,
cation, or any other means. Portions of Bolivia Branch and Middle
Swamp are considered Public Trust Waters.
5.
Estuarine Shorelines
Estuarine shorelines, although characterized as dry land, are
considered a component of the estuarine system because of the
close association with the adjacent estuarine waters. Estuarine
shorelines are those non -ocean shorelines which are especially
vulnerable to erosion, flooding, or other adverse effects of wind and
water, and are intimately connected to the estuary. This area
extends from the mean high water level or normal water level along
the estuaries, sounds, bays, and brackish waters as set forth in
an agreement adopted by the Wildlife Resources Commission and the

Department of Natural Resources and Community Development for a
distance of 75' landward. There are no Estuarine Shorelines in-
side the Planning Jurisdiction of Bolivia.
6. Ocean Hazard Area AEC's
These are natural hazard areas along the ocean shoreline where,
because of their special vulnerability to erosion or other adverse
effects of sand, wind, and water, uncontrolled or incompatible
development could unreasonably endanger life or property. Such
areas include beaches, frontal dunes, inlet lands, and other areas
where there is a substantial possibility of excessive erosion or
flood damage. There are no Ocean Hazard Area AEC's inside the
Planning Jurisdiction of Bolivia.
7. Public Water Supply AEC's
a. Small Surface Water Supply Watershed AEC's
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Small surface water supply watersheds are catchment areas
situated entirely within the coastal area, classified by the
North Carolina Environmental Management Commission as Class A -II,
which means that the maximum beneficial use is that of a public
water supply.
Classification of streams and rivers is an ongoing process by
the State. When a stream is Class A -II, no ground absorption
sewage disposal systems shall be located within 100 feet of
the water, a National Pollution Discharge Elimination System
(NPDES) is required, and the standards of the North Carolina
Sedimentation Pollution Control Act of 1973 must be met. There
are no such designated areas inside the Planning Jurisdiction
of Bolivia.
b. Public Water Supply Well Field AEC's
Public water supply well fields are areas of well -drained sands
that extend downward from the surface into shallow ground water
supplies. The North Carolina Department of Natural Resources
has identified such areas. There are standards to be met on
any development over such a well field. There are no such
designated areas in the Planning Jurisdiction of Bolivia.
8. Natural and Cultural Resource AEC's
This fourth category of AEC's covers areas containing environmental,
natural, or cultural resources of more than local significance.
State Administrative Law (15 NCAC7H.0503) provides a nomination
and designation process in order for any site to be declared this
type of an AEC. There are no Natural and Cultural Resource AEC's
inside the Planning Jurisdiction of Bolivia.
a. Unique Coastal Geologic Formations AEC's
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No unique coastal geological formations have been identified
by State geologists in the Planning Jursidiction of Bolivia.
b. Significant Coastal Archaeological Resource AEC's
Significant coastal archaeological resources are sites, objects,
or features evaluated by the N.C. Historical Commission that
have more than local significance to history or prehistory.
There are no known Archaeological Resource AEC's inside the
Planning Jurisdiction of Bolivia.
C. Fragile Land Areas
Areas listed in this section include important natural or manmade sites
which do not conveniently fit into previously listed AEC categories, yet
are still deemed to be development constraints because of their impor-
tance.
1. Freshwater Swamps and Marshes
There are some freshwater swamps and marshes located primarily in
the southern and eastern portions of Bolivia and the Bolivia
Planning Jurisdiction along Middle Swamp Branch and Bolivia Branch.
2. Maritime Forest
There are no maritime forests located in the Planning Jurisdiction
of Bolivia.
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IV. Constraints -- Capacity of Community Facilities
Sewer
A. Existing Water and
Bolivia's water system consists of two 8" wells with 8" and 6"
service lines serving all areas within the Town limits and some
areas outside the Town limits. Each well pumps 125 gallons per
minute and operates less than 8 hours per day. The Town has a
60,000 gallon elevated storage tank which is kept 2/3 full, with
the Town using approximately 35,000 to 40,000 gallons per day.
The system provides water at 65 lbs. pressure which is sufficient
for fire protection.
Bolivia has no community sewer system. A study was prepared
approximately 8 years ago which determined that a sewer system
would cost local residents $17 per month per household. It was
decided at that time that the cost was too high in light of the
large number of residents on fixed incomes.
B. Schools, Parks, Primary Roads, Police, Fire and Medical
Bolivia students in grades K-5 attend Bolivia Elementary School,
grades 6-8 attend South Brunswick Middle School and grades 9-12
attend South Brunswick High School. Primary roads in Bolivia
include U.S. 17 and N.C. 87. The State Transportation Improvement
Plan calls for construction to begin on the U.S. 17 by-pass from
Supply to the U.S. 17/N.C. 87 junction by January or February,
1989. At this time construction has not yet begun; however, all
by-pass right-of-way has been purchased. The Town of Bolivia
owns no parks, and local citizens use County parks at Supply and
at Winnabow on U.S. 17. Police protection is provided by the
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Brunswick County Sheriff's Department. Fire and emergency medical
services are provided by volunteers. Area residents have access to
two hospitals, Dosher Hospital in Southport and County Hospital in
Supply.
C. Level of Utilization for Water System, Sewer System, Schools and
Primary Roads
The Bolivia water system is currently utilizing an average of
35,000 to 40,000 gallons per day, well below the pumping capacity
of the Town's two wells. Septic tanks are presently being used
for sewage disposal. Of the three schools serving the Town of
Bolivia, all have enrollment above their design capacity. Bolivia
Elementary has a current enrollment of 503, approximately 10% over
capacity; South Brunswick Middle School has a current enrollment
of 651, approximately 17% over capacity; and South Brunswick High
School has a current enrollment of 832, 34% over capacity. Primary
roads, including the pending construction of the by-pass, should be
adequate during the planning period.
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V. Estimated Demand
The Office of State Budget and Management does not provide population pro-
jections for small municipalities because of lack of data and the potential
for annexation. Bolivia has not annexed any areas since 1980; however,
the Town had given consideration to annexation several years ago. Based on
census information, Bolivia had the following population from 1960 through
1980 and the following projected growth through 2010.
CENSUS OF POPULATION AND POPULATION PROJECTIONS
650
600 625/ �.
550 570
500
ol
450 466 �•
400 , 442
350 (1989) 343•'�
300 /
250 25
201.
200 _
150 185�
100
1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
Source: 1960-1980 Census
1989 Population Estimate from Office of Budget and Management
1990 Assume no change from 1989 Estimate
2000 & 2010 Range of 29% to 36% increase each 10 years
by Howard T. Capps and Associates
As discussed in the Data Collection Section, Bolivia has grown in population
.slower than Brunswick County as a whole. The Office of Budget and Management
feels that Bolivia will grow at approximately 3/4 of Brunswick County growth
rate which has been approximately 39% to 48% per 10-year period. Based on
that information, we have used a 29% to 36% growth rate for each of the
10-year periods between 1990 and 2000 and between 2000 and the year 2010.
As shown on the graph above, this represents a population increase to between
442 and 466 people from a 1989 population of approximately 343 people, or an
increase of between 99 and 123 people between the year 1990 and the year 2000.
Using this same range of percentage of increase, the population by the year
2010 would be between 570 and 625 people.
1 During the next 20 years, this projected population increase of between 227
to 282 people can be easily accommodated due to the abundance of open and
undeveloped land within the Town Limits and inside the Extraterritorial
Planning Jurisdiction. The Town's current water system would require
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additional pumping capacity and a larger elevated tank or possibly a second
tank. This additional population may also make development of a central
sewer system more feasible by having more potential users of the system.
With proposed road improvements such as the U.S. 17 by-pass and extension
of N.C. 87 to the beach and increased Powell Bill funds recently approved
by the General Assembly, roads in Bolivia should be adequate to accommodate
future growth.
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VI. Policy Statements
One of the primary goals of the land use planning process is to give
local citizens and local officials the opportunity to establish goals
and policies on issues of local as well as State-wide concern. This
policy section has been prepared based on the results of a Planning
Questionnaire that was distributed to or made available to every house-
hold within the Town Limits and within the Planning Jurisdiction. The
following issues have been addressed:
A. Resource Protection
1. Areas of Environmental Concern (AEC's)
As discussed in an earlier section, the only AEC present in
Bolivia is Public Trust Waters. Bolivia policy is to support
the protection of Public Trust rights for navigation and recrea-
tion in Public Trust AEC's with the understanding that the
community's need for piers and docks that serve and benefit the
public, whether publicly or privately owned, are permitted if all
local, State and federal regulations are met to construct such
a pier or dock.
r2.
Hazardous and Fragile Areas
a. Flood Prone Areas
A natural constraint to development is the occurrence of
flooding in flood prone areas. Flood prone areas are identified
by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Flood Insurance
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Rate Maps (FIRM's). Bolivia policy will continue to be to
support the administration and strict enforcement of all applicable
Floodplain Management Regulations and the National Flood Insurance
Program.
b. Freshwater Swamps
Bolivia officials support the U.S. Corps of Engineers 404 Program,
which has jurisdiction of regulating development in designated
freshwater swamp areas.
c. Marshes
Development in marsh areas is regulated by the Corps of Engineers
regulations. Bolivia policy is to continue support of these
regulations in an effort to protect this sensitive natural
environment.
d. Maritime Forests
Not applicable in Bolivia.
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Ie. Cultural and Historic Resources
Bolivia does not have regulations or zoning to protect historic
structures. Bolivia officials would support County efforts to
prepare an inventory of historic buildings and State efforts to
identify archaeological sites.
f. Protection of Potable Water Supply
Bolivia officials support State regulations controlling land
uses near groundwater sources as regulated by the North Carolina
Division of Environmental Management through NCAC, Subchapter
2L and Subchapter 2C.
Bolivia recognizes the importance of protecting potable water
supplies and, therefore, supports the enforcement of these
regulations if and when applicable.
g. Storm Water Runoff from Agriculture, Residential Development,
Phosphate or Peat Mining
Through support of the Division of Environmental Management,
Bolivia officials support efforts to regulate storm water
runoff through applicable State and federal regulations.
h. Marina and Floating Home Development
Not applicable in Bolivia.
i. Industrial Impacts on Fragile Areas
Bolivia officials will continue to support applicable State and
federal regulations as they relate to the siting of new industry
or impact of new industry on environmentally sensitive areas
such as Bolivia's creeks and tributaries.
j. Hazardous Waste Sites
Bolivia officials do not desire nor would they support the
location of a hazardous waste site within its Town Limits or
Planning Jurisdiction.
B. Resource Production and Management
1. Productive Agricultural Lands
The 1986 Detailed Soil Survey Report for Brunswick County includes
five soil types as Prime Farmland. They are Foreston loamy fine
sand (Fo), Goldsboro fine sandy loam (GoA), John fine sandy loam
(Jo), Norfolk loamy fine sand (NoB), and Onslow fine sandy loam
(On). Over 50% of the land area inside the Town Limits of Bolivia
consists of Goldsboro fine sandy loam, Norfolk loamy fine sand
and Onslow fine sandy loam. Much of the land area found with these
three soil types is either agricultural land or wooded sites.
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2.
Commercial Forest Lands
Based on information from the Brunswick County Forestry Service,
International Paper Company has some land holding for forestry
operations inside the Planning Jurisdiction of Bolivia. Bolivia
officials support the continued wise use and management of our
timber resources as long as that management does not adversely
affect the environment.
3.
Existing and Potential Mineral Production Areas
There are no known mineral production areas inside the Town
Limits or Planning Jurisdiction of Bolivia.
4.
Commercial and Recreational Fisheries, Including Nursery and
Habitat Areas
There are no known spawning or nursery areas inside the Planning
Jurisdiction of Bolivia. Local officials are sensitive to the
fact that urban runoff and agricultural runoff can have adverse
impact on nursery and spawning areas downstream.
5.
Off -Road Vehicles
Bolivia does not contain sand dunes or other natural environments
that are subject to abuse by off -road vehicles. Town officials
do not see a need.to regulate off -road vehicles within the Town's
Planning Jurisdiction other than applicable current motor vehicle
regulations.
6.
Residential and Commercial Development
Bolivia officials will continue to use the adopted Zoning
Ordinance and Subdivision Regulations to direct future growth in
the community.
7.
Peat and Phosphate Mining
There are no known peat or phosphate mining sites within the Town
Limits or Planning Jurisdiction of Bolivia. However, if any type
of mining is proposed in the future, Town officials will have a
policy to review on a case -by -case basis and establish a policy
if Town officials feel that there is a need.
C. Economic
and Community Development
1.
Types and Location of Industries Desired
Currently Bolivia does not have any industrial base; however,
based on the results of the Planning Questionnaire 48% of those
responding indicated an interest in seeing local officials work
toward development of some industrial development.
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Policy: Bolivia policy shall be to encourage some industrial
development to expand both job opportunities and the existing
tax base while not adversely affecting the environment.
Implementation:
1) Bolivia officials will appoint a committee of local residents
and business representatives to determine the type and location
for future industry.
2) Based on the results of the Planning Questionnaire, it appears
that local citizens responding to the questionnaire do not
favor a bond referendum or raising taxes for a sewer system.
Because of the importance of having a sewer system to attract
industry, Town officials will pursue possible grants or low
interest loans for the development of a sewer system.
3) Local officials will work with the Brunswick County Economic
Development Office in working to attract industrial development
in Bolivia.
2. Local Commitment to Providing Services to Development
Although Bolivia is a very small community with a very limited tax
base, local officials feel that Bolivia has the potential to experience
moderate growth as the County as a whole grows. Recent approval of
the State highway improvement bill should ensure continued upgrading
of U.S. 17 and eventually the upgrading of N.C. 87 to the Brunswick
County beach area from Bolivia. Also, the development of a Buddhist
temple outside of Bolivia and the expansion of the Brunswick Govern-
ment Center should have some spill -over impact on Bolivia.
Policy: Bolivia policy shall be to continue to upgrade the existing
water system as needed and to establish a sewer system for Bolivia
if financially feasible to attract new industry, commercial develop-
ment and new housing opportunities.
Implementation:
1) Local officials will contact both federal and State agencies
to determine if any State or federal grants or low -interest
loans are available for the development of a sewer system.
3. Commitment to State and Federal Programs, Including Erosion Control,
Public Access, Highway Improvements and Dredging.
As a small community, Bolivia officials understand the importance
and need for both State and federal programs that can assist them
in providing more and better community facilities for Bolivia
citizens. For that reason, local officials are committed to and
support State and federal programs that can be used to make Bolivia
a better place in which to live for current and future citizens.
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Policy: Bolivia policy shall be to support State and federal al
programs that can be used to make Bolivia a better place in which
to live and work for current and future citizens.
Implementation:
1) Bolivia officials will contact the DOT concerning the need to
better maintain existing ditches along the U.S. 17 highway
corridor.
2) Bolivia officials will encourage local citizens to adopt a
highway through Bolivia to pick up litter along the highway.
3) Bolivia officials will continue to upgrade local road conditions
using Powell Bill funding.
4. Anticipated Residential Development, Density and Locations
As shown on the Existing Land Use Map of Bolivia, most of the
existing development is located along U.S. 17, S.R. 1513 and
S.R. 1512 in the form of residential uses and some commercial
along U.S. 17. Old Brunswick Estates is the only new subdivision
in the Bolivia area and it is located just outside the Bolivia
Planning Jurisdiction just west of S.R. 1500. Local officials
anticipate continued low density residential development primarily
along existing State roads. Some commercial development may
occur along State roads connecting the new U.S. 17 by—pass with
the exising U.S. 17.
Policy: Location and density of future development will be guided
and controlled by Zoning and Health Department Regulations. Local
officials will also use the 1989 Land Classification Map in review
of future residential, commercial or industrial use for compliance
with the plan.
5. Energy Facility Siting and Development
Bolivia officials are not aware of any plans to construct an
energy facility in Bolivia. Bolivia policy to address such an
event will be formulated if such a facility is proposed.
D. Local Land Use Issues and Policies
1. Need for Local Grocery Shopping Facilities
The primary local concern of both local officials and citizens
is the need for a local grocery store. The Planning Questinnaire
asked for other concerns citizens had that had not been addressed
in the questionnaire. A large number of those responding indicated
a desire to have a grocery store in Bolivia. The questionnaire
results also show that a large number of residents are traveling
as far as Wilmington to shop for groceries.

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Policy: Town officials will continue efforts to secure a grocery
store for the Town of Bolivia.
Implementation:
1) Local officials will contact regional and national grocery
store chains about locating in Bolivia.
2) Local officials will prepare demographic information about the
area including development plans for the Buddhist center being
developed outside Bolivia and make this information available
to interested concerns.
3) Local officials will contact the County about obtaining the
old Red and White Shopping Center site and building which is
presently owned by the County with no plans for its use.
4) Local officials will contact the State and Small Business
Administration about any possible low interest loans or
economic development grants to assist in the development of
a grocery store.
2. Need for Better Recreational Facilities
Over 48% of those responding to the Planning Questionnaire indicated
that Bolivia had poor or very poor recreational facilities. When
asked if they would be willing to pay additional taxes to pay for
such facilities, 67% of those responding said no. Because of
Bolivia's limited tax base, it would be very difficult to attempt
to provide any recreational facilities without additional revenues.
Policy: Bolivia policy on recreation will be to encourage Brunswick
�f
County to establish a passive recreational program for older citizens
■.
in Bolivia.
1
19

VIII. Land Classification
The State guidelines for Local Planning in the Coastal Area under the
Coastal Area Management Act of 1974 require that a land classification map
be prepared for all planning jurisdictions in the coastal area. There are
five classes of land prescribed in the North Carolina Land Classification
System as follows:
A. Developed - Land with a minimum density of 2,000 people per square
mile (3.125/acre) and containing public services able to support the
present population. This land must be serviced by water and sewer
systems and adequate road and educational systems.
Because of Bolivia's very rural character and the current lack of a
central sewer system, no area has been shown as Developed. However,
local officials hope to establish a sewer system during the 5 to 10
year planning period in an effort to encourage future commercial and
industrial development to expand the local tax base.
B. Transition - Land where a minimum density of 2,000 people per square
mile is expected in the future and where minimum services will be
required. Areas with severe development limitations or ones of
significant special value would not be included in this category.
The Transition classification has been shown along the existing U.S. 17
highway corridor, at the intersection of existing U.S. 17 and the
rU.S.
17 by-pass currently under construction and along S.R. 1401
between U.S. 17 and the U.S. 17 by-pass. These areas have been shown
as Transition because of the current concentration along this corridor
or because of anticipated development pressure adjacent to the U.S. 17
by-pass. This area would be the first priority area for a sewer system
if one is developed during the planning period.
C. Community - Existing low density land that doesn't require major
public services. This class includes all new rural growth of lot
sizes of 10 acres or less. Approximately one person per acre should
be used as a guide in identifying this land.
There is no Community classification shown for Bolivia since this is a
small municipality that provides a central water system and hopes to
provide a central sewer system during the 5 to 10 year planning
period.
D. Rural - Land used for management and utilization of productive
resources and where limited public services will be provided.
Generally, large tracts of land not expected to develop more intensely
than agriculturally would be considered in this category.
The remaining portion of both the Town Limits of Bolivia and the
Extraterritorial Area of Bolivia is shown in the Rural classification
(with the exception of Conservation as described below). This area
is currently and will most likely remain in either agricultural use
20

or forestry use. Low density residential development is permitted
in the Rural classification.
E. Conservation - This last class identifies land to be maintained for
its natural qualities and least desirable for development. These
areas wouldn't be able to withstand development without loss of
natural value, have severe limitations for development, or are too
valuable to be endangered by it.
The Conservation classification is shown along the Middle Swamp on the
eastern border of the Town Limits. Future development in the Conserva-
tion zone is permitted as long as it is sensitive to the unique en-
vironment and meets all local, State and federal regulations including the
Flood Insurance Program regulations.
I
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1
IX. Public Participation
A Planning Questionnaire was prepared with the assistance of the Town
Manager and Board of Aldermen. The questionnaire was distributed to
every household inside the Town Limits and Extraterritorial Planning
Jurisdiction with the exception of those houses that were posted with
No Trespassing signs. Of the 114 questionnaires distributed, 37 were
completed and returned for a 32% return. This information was tabulated
and the results reviewed with the Board of Aldermen and then used in
drafting policy to address local issues of concern. A public information
meeting is planned for August 28 to review the draft plan prior to
submittal to the Coastal Resources Commission. A public hearing will be
held prior to final adoption.
X. Hazard Mitigation Plan
The Town of Bolivia comes under the Brunswick County Hazard Mitigation
Plan. The details of this plan can be found in the 1987 Brunswick County
Land Use Plan or County Emergency Management Office.
1
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1989 Bolivia Land Use Plan
Questionnaire
July 1989
The Town of Bolivia is in the process of preparing a Land Use Plan for
Bolivia. The Board of Aldermen would like to have the benefit of your
thoughts so that your opinions can be incorporated into the land use
I�
planning process. Please review and respond to the following questions
and return to the.Town Hall by Monday, July 31, 1989. We ask that each
adult member of each household respond to the questionnaire. Thank you
in advance for your assistance in helping us plan for the future of our
community. If you have any questions, please call 253-5303. Please re-
turn the completed questionnaire to Mr. Paul Hufham, P. 0. Box 93, Bolivia,
North Carolina 28422.
Sincerely,
Paul E. Hufham
Town Manager
1.
Do you live inside.Town Limits or in the planning jurisdiction area?
28 85% Inside Town Limits 5/15% Planning Jurisdiction
2.
How long have you lived in Bolivia?
4/12% Two years or less 4/12% Two to five years 2/6% Five to ten years
23/70� More than -ten years
3.
Do you own or rent the house you live in? 28/85% Own 4/12% Rent
4.
What age group are you in? 1/3% 18-25 3/9% 26-35 4/127. 36-45
6 18% 46-55 7 21% 56-65 12/36% 66 or over
5.
Would you favor the formation of a Community Improvement Committee to work
toward the improvement of Bolivia? 21/64% Yes 7/21% No 3/9% Not Sure
6.
At what rate should Bolivia grow in the future? 4/12% No growth
4/12& Slow growth 19 58% Moderate growth 2/6% Rapid growth
7.
Please give us your opinion of the following services. (Check one column
for each service.)
Very Good Good Adequate Poor Very Poor
Police Protection 3/9% 2/6% 4/12% 6/18% 10/30%
Fire Protection 10/30% 8/24% 9/27% 6/18%
Rescue Squad 11/33% 6/18% 8/24% 3/9%
Recreation Facilities 3/9% 3/9% 2/6% 14/42%
Trash Collection 3/9% 1/3% 5/15% 2/6% 10/30%
Water System 6/18% 7/21% 8/24% 5/15% 2/6%
Other 4H/Things for Children 1/3%

�I 8. Should the Board of Aldermen work to encourage industrial development
in Bolivia? 16/48% Yes 6/187. No 10 30% Not Sure
9. Where do you currently purchase most of your groceries? Supply
8/247 Shallotte 6/18% Leland 15/45% Southport 12/36% Wilmington
Myrtle Beach 1/3% Other (Specify) U. S. Bases 1/3%
10. Would you like to see recreational facilities provided in Bolivia?
15/4MYes 9/27% No 6/18% Not Sure
11.
Would you be willing to pay additional taxes
for recreational facilities?
8 24% Yes 22 67% No 3 9. Not Sure
12.
At the present time, Bolivia does not have a
sewer system. Should the
Board of Aldermen work toward establishing a
town -wide sewer system if
it would make industrial or commercial development more likely?
12 36f'es 12 36% No 3/9% Not Sure 4/12% No
Opinion
13.
Would you favor a bond referendum to pay for
a community -wide sewer
system? 9 27% Yes 18 55% No 2 6% Not Sure
3/9% No Opinion
14;
Would you be willing to pay additional taxes
to have a community -wide
sewer system? 8/247 Yes 22/67% No 3/9% Not
Sure
15.
What facility or service is the Town of Bolivia not providing that you
would like to have available? (Specify)
16. Would you be willing to pay additional taxes for any of the facilities
you specified in question 15? 9/21% Yes 18/55% No 1/3% Not Sure
17. What other areas of concern would you like to see addressed in the
planning process?
Thank you again for taking the time to complete and return this questionnaire.

15. What facility or service is the Town of Bolivia not providing that you
would like to have available?
Grocery.
Don't need anything from you.
Not a damn one.
None
Pick up trash.
Grocery store.
Grocery store.
Swimming pool, grocery store, restaurant.
Have something for the kids.
Grocery store.
Grocery store.
Grocery store, any other business necessary to generate revenue for city.
Police, trash pick-up,_ swimming pool.
Police protection, more lights, trash pick-up.
Grocery store, restaurant and other businesses.
Trash collection, grocery store, sewer system.
Grocery store, trash collection, sewer system.
More lights.
Trash pick-up.
Food store.

17. What other areas of concern would you like to see addressed in the planning
process?
I don't need any more self-righteous bureaucrats and thieves stealing
from me and telling me what I can and cannot do with my property.
Don't need nothing you have to offer and cannot afford it.
None.
A grocery store.
Ditches along the roads kept cleaned out and the trees cut that are
growing in them.
Ditches maintained better. Don't receive anything for taxes now except
one street light and the ditches grow up with small trees.
No place to shop. High gas prices. Nothing for kids but drugs and sex.
No competition for any businesses. Speed limit not enforced. Cars
passing stopped buses with flashing lights on (and other cars). 4-way
intersection at corner of 211 is dangerous (in Supply).
Speed limit enforced by radar. Better police patrol. Cars passing
buses. If you catch all the vehicles that fly through Bolivia on Hwy. 17,
you wouldn't have to raise taxes!!
More police protection.
'
Damages to property from joining owner - namely: 1) damaged roof from
pine straw - now leaking; 2) pine roots 2z to 3 inches in diameter over
water line; 3) pine roots running under house; 4) pine roots ruins at
least 1/3 of garden spot; 5) pine cones littering lawn year round;
6) Pine roots spreading over property; 7) pine limbs hanging over house;
8) old bldgs. have been ordered cleaned up - why not lots? Also: Dog
owners need to keep their dogs on own property. They are a nuisance in
the neighborhood.
Restaurant and variety store.
Planning should be later after by-pass goes around Bolivia. Then you
can see traffic flows. We may end up being a small town with a large
bond to pay off. We have enough controls at the present to allow us to
invite industry into our town. They can then help us with our sewer
problem and we can hook into their system.
Convert to county -wide water system.
I would like to see police protection in Bolivia, also trash collection.
Paving roads, specifying city streets, developing city recreational
facilities such as city pool, city sewerage, city police, city annexations.
City annexation, city swimming pool, city police.
11

17. Continued . . .
Sides of roads mowed, trash picked up, town cleaned up. City trash
pick-up.
Keep all roads cut and clean.
Keeping all road sides clean and mowed, updating water system.
*� Wilson Street cleaned up and paved. It is a disgrace to Bolivia. We
need a grocery store and variety store bad. If we need more taxes for
these things let them annex the people on the water lines.
Make County water available to all Bolivia residents.
1
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T'he preparation of this document was financed in
part through a grant provided by the North Carolina
Coastal Management Program, through funds provided
by the Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, as
amended, which is administered by the Office of
Ocean and Coastal Resource Management, National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration_
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Town of Bolivia
Land Classification Map
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321 North Front Street
Wilmington, North Carolina

2. Hazardous and Fragile Areas
a. Flood Prone Areas
A natural constraint to development is the occurrence
of flooding in flood prone areas. Flood prone areas
are identified by the Federal Emergency Management
Agency (FEMA) Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRM's).
Bolivia policy will continue to be to support the
administration and strict enforcement of all
applicable Floodplain Management Regulations and the
National Flood Insurance Program.
b. Freshwater Swamps
Bolivia officials support the U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers 404 Program, which has jurisdiction of
regulating development in designated freshwater swamp
areas.
c. Marshes
Development in marsh areas is regulated by the U.S.
Army Corps of Engineers regulations. Bolivia policy
is to continue support of these regulations in an
effort to protect this sensitive natural environment.
d. Maritime Forests
Not applicable in Bolivia.
e. Cultural and Historic Resources
Bolivia does not have regulations or zoning to
protect historic structures. Bolivia officials would
support County efforts to prepare an inventory of
historic buildings and State efforts to identify
archaeological sites.
f. Protection of Potable Water Supply
Bolivia officials support State regulations
controlling land uses near groundwater sources as
regulated by the North Carolina Division of
Environmental Management through NCAC, Subchapter 2L
and Subchapter 2C.
Bolivia recognizes the importance of protecting
potable water supplies and, therefore, supports the
enforcement of these regulations if and when
applicable.
g. Storm Water Runoff from Agriculture, Residential
Development, Phosphate or Peat Mining
Through support of the Division of Environmental
Management, Bolivia officials support efforts to
regulate storm water runoff through applicable State
and federal regulations.
In. Marina and Floating Home Development
Not applicable in Bolivia.
i. Industrial Impacts on Fragile Areas
Bolivia officials will continue to support applicable
State and federal regulations as they relate to the
siting of new industry or impact of new industry on
environmentally sensitive areas such as Bolivia's
creeks and tributaries.
J. Hazardous Waste Sites
Bolivia officials do not desire nor would they
support the location of a hazardous waste site within
its Town limits or planning jurisdiction.
The preparation of this document was financed in part through
a grant provided by the North Carolina Coastal Management
Program. through funds provided by the Coastal Zone Manage-
ment Act of 1972. as amended. which is administered by the
Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management. National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
B. Resource Production and Management
1. Productive Agricultural Lands
The 1986 Detailed Soil Survey Report for Brunswick County
includes five soil types as Prime Farmland. They are
Foreston loamy fine sand (Fo), Goldsboro fine sandy loam
(GOA), Johnson fine sandy loam (Jo), Norfolk loamy fine
sand (NOB), and Onslow fine sandy loam (On). Over 50% of
the land area inside the Town limits of Bolivia consists
of Goldsboro fine sandy loam, Norfolk loamy fine sand and
Onslov fine sandy loam. Much of the land area found with
these three soil types is either agricultural land or
wooded sites.
2. Commercial Forest Lands
Based on information from the Brunswick County Forestry
Service, International Paper Company has some land
holdings for forestry operations inside the Planning
Jurisdiction of Bolivia. Bolivia officials support the
continued wise use and management of our timber resources
as long as that management does not adversely affect the
environment.
3. Existing and Potential Mineral Production Areas
There are no known mineral production areas inside the
Town limits or planning jurisdiction of Bolivia.
4. Commercial and Recreational Fisheries, Including Nursery
and Habitat Areas
There are no known spawning or nursery areas inside the
planning jurisdiction of Bolivia. Local officials are
sensitive to the fact that urban runoff and agricultural
runoff can have adverse impact on nursery and spawning
areas downstream.
5. Off -Road Vehicles
Bolivia does not contain sand dunes or other natural
environments that are subject to abuse by off -road
vehicles. Town officials do not see a need to regulate
off -road vehicles within the Tovn's planning jurisdiction
other than applicable current motor vehicle regulations.
6. Residential and Commercial Development
Bolivia officials will continue to use the adopted Zoning
Ordinance and Subdivision Regulations to direct future
growth in the community.
7. Peat and Phosphate Mining
There are no known peat or phosphate mining sites within
the Town limits or planning jurisdiction of Bolivia.
However, if any type of mining is proposed in the future,
Town officials will have a policy to review on a
case -by -case basis and establish a policy if Town
officials feel that there is a need.
C. Economic and Community Development
1. Types and Location of Industries Desired
Currently Bolivia does not have any industrial base;
however, -based on the results of the Planning
Questionnaire 48% of those responding indicated an
interest in seeing local officials work toward
establishment of some industrial development.
Policy: Bolivia policy shall be to encourage some
industrial development to expand both job opportunities
and the existing tax base while not adversely affecting
the environment.
Implementation:
1) Bolivia officials will appoint a committee of local
residents and business representatives to determine
the type and location for future industry.
2) Based on the results of the Planning Questionnaire,
it appears that local citizens responding to the
questionnaire do not favor a bond referendum or
raising taxes for a sever system. Because of the
importance of having a sewer system to attract
industry, Town officials will pursue possible grants
or low -interest loans for the development of a sever
system.
3) Local officials will work with the Brunswick County
Economic Development Office in working to attract
industrial development in Bolivia.
2. Local Commitment to Providing Services to Development
Although Bolivia is a very small community with a very
limited tax base, local officials feel that Bolivia has
the potential to experience moderate growth as the County
as a whole grows. Recent approval of the State highway
improvement bill should ensure continued upgrading of
U.S. 17 and eventually the upgrading of N.C. 87 to the
Brunswick County beach area from Bolivia. Also, the
development of a Buddhist temple outside of Bolivia and
the expansion of the Brunswick Government Center should
have some spill -over impact on Bolivia.
Policy: Bolivia policy shall be to continue to upgrade
the existing water system as needed and to establish a
sever system for Bolivia if financially feasible to
attract new industry, commercial development and new
housing opportunities.
Implementation:
1) Local officials will contact both federal and State
agencies to determine if any State or federal grants
or low -interest loans are available for the
development of a sewer system.
3. Commitment to State and Federal Programs, Including
Erosion Control, Public Access, Highway Improvements
and Dredging
As a small community, Bolivia officials understand the
importance and need for both State and federal programs
that can assist them in providing more and better
community facilities for Bolivia citizens. For that
reason, local officials are committed to and support
State and federal programs that can be used to make
Bolivia a better place in which to live for current and
future citizens.
Policy: Bolivia policy shall be to support State and
federal programs that can be used to make Bolivia a
better place in which to live and work for current and
future citizens.
Implementation:
1) Bolivia officials will contact the DOT concerning the
need to better maintain existing ditches along the
U.S. 17 highway corridor.
2) Bolivia officials will encourage local citizens to
adopt a highway through Bolivia to pick up litter
along the highway.
3) Bolivia officials will continue to upgrade local road
conditions using Powell Bill funding.
4. Anticipated Residential Development, Density and
Locations
As shown on the Existing Land Use Map of Bolivia, most of
the existing development is located along U.S. 17, S.R.
1513 and S.R. 1512 in the form of residential uses and
_ n
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i "A
Town of Bolivia
1989
Town of Bolivia
Existing Land Use Map
• 400 1600
All It
\/
LEGEND
❑ Residential
Commercial
E3 Industrial
❑ Institutional
El Agricultural, Forests,
Open Space
Institutional Uses
I. Church
f. Telephone BudkWq
3. Town Hall
4. School
s. church
a. Piro atatiem
7. Church
a. Republican Haadquarters
Town of Bolivia
Legend
® Transition
❑ Rural
Conservation
Note:
For purposes of future utility extensions all
conservation district areas shown on land classification
map tegin 100 feet in each direction as measured
from the center line of existing roads shown in
conservation area. This is to permit extension of
water or sewer lines within 100 feet of existing
roads and through areas designated as conservation
without requiring an amendment to plan.
The preparation ul this document was financed in pan through
a grant provided by the North Carolina Coastal Management
Program, through funds provided by the Coastal Zone Manage-
ment Act of 1972, as amended, which is administered by the
Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management, National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
some commercial along U.S. 17. Old Brunswick Estates is
the only new subdivision in the Bolivia area and it is
located just outside the Bolivia planning jurisdiction
just west of S.R. 1500. Local officials anticipate
continued low density residential development primarily
along existing State roads. Some commercial development
may occur along State roads connecting the new U.S. 17
by-pass with the existing U.S. 17.
Policy: Location and density of future development will
be guided and controlled by Zoning and Health Department
Regulations. Local officials will also use the 1989 Land
Classification Map in review of future residential,
commercial or industrial use for compliance with the
plan.
5. Energy Facility Siting and Development
Bolivia officials are not aware of any plans to construct
an energy facility in Bolivia. Bolivia policy to address
such an event will be formulated if such a facility is
proposed.
D. Local Land Use Issues and Policies
1. Need for Local Grocery Shopping Facilities
The primary local concern of both local officials and
citizens is the need for a local grocery store. The
Planning Questionnaire asked for other concerns citizens
had that had not been addressed in the questionnaire. A
large number of those responding indicated a desire to
have a grocery store in Bolivia. The questionnaire
results also show that a large number of residents are
traveling as far as Wilmington to shop for groceries.
Policy: Town officials will continue efforts to secure a
grocery store for the Town of Bolivia.
Implementation:
1) Local officials will contact regional and national
grocery store chains about locating in Bolivia.
2) Local officials will prepare demographic information
about the area including development plans for the
Buddhist center being developed outside Bolivia and
make this information available to interested
concerns.
3) Local officials will contact the County about
obtaining the old Red and White Shopping Center ait:e
and building which is presently owned by the County
with no plans for its use.
4) Local officials will contact the State and Small
Business Administration about any possible low -
interest loans or economic development grants to
assist in the development of a grocery store.
2. Need for Better Recreational Facilities
Over 48% of those responding to the Planning
Questionnaire indicated that Bolivia had poor or very
poor recreational facilities. When asked if they would
be willing to pay additional taxes to pay for such
facilities, 67% of those responding said no. Because of
Bolivia's limited tax base, it would be very difficult to
attempt to provide any recreational facilities without
additional revenues.
Policy: Bolivia policy on recreation will be to
encourage Brunswick County to establish a passive
recreational program for older citizens in Bolivia.
Implementation:
1) Request grant funds to prepare a Recreation and Open
Space Plan for Bolivia.
2) Request financial assistance from County to implement
recommendations in recreation study.
3) Appoint committee to provide direction and to
establish goals in development of a recreation
program for Bolivia in conjunction with Brunswick
County.
3. Retention of Existing U.S. 17 as Alternative (Business
Route) for U.S. 17 By -Pass
Development of the U.S. 17 by-pass is now in progress and
should be completed during the planning period. Local
officials are concerned that upon completion of the U.S.
17 by-pass the existing U.S. 17 through Bolivia be
designated as an alternate route for the by-pass.
Policy: It shall be the policy of Bolivia to work toward
the designation of the existing U.S. 17 through. Bolivia
as a designated alternative route to the new U.S. 17 by-
pass.
Implementation:
1) Request that the Brunswick County Commissioners pass
a resolution in support of maintaining the existing
U.S. 17 highway corridor as an alternate route to
U.S. 17.
2) Bolivia officials will pass a resolution requesting
that the existing U.S. 17 highway corridor be
designated as an alternate route.
3) Local officials will make their desire made known to
local highway officials and State Representatives.
4. Need to Expand Local Economic Base
Providing additional job opportunities to retain area
residents and to encourage others to locate in Bolivia is
a primary concern of local officials. Review of zoning
patterns and rezoning appropriate land areas to permit
future *commercial development will be a high priority
with local officials.
Policy: Local officials will encourage appropriate
commercial development along major thoroughfares by
rezoning property to permit such development where
appropriate.
Implementation:
1) Study zoning map and Zoning Ordinance considering
impact of U.S. 17 by-pass and S.R. 1401 and S.R. 1500
corridor to beach.
2) Rezone areas to permit commercial development at
intersection of U.S. 17 and U.S. 17 by-pass and along
portions of the S.R. 1401 by-pass connector to County
government complex.
YII. LAND CLASSIFICATION
The State guidelines for Local Planning in the Coastal Area upder
the Coastal Area Management Act of 1974 require that a land
classification map be prepared for all planning jurisdictions in
the coastal area. There are five classes of land prescribed in
the North Carolina Land Classification System, with three being
applicable to Bolivia:
A. Transition -- Land where a minimum density of 2,000 people
per square mile is expected in the future and where minimum
services will be required. Areas with severe development
limitations or ones of significant special value would not be
included in this category.
The Transition classification has been shown along the
existing U.S. 17 highway corridor, at the intersection of
existing U.S. 17 and the U.S. 17 by-pass currently under
BOLIVIA ETA
ria
ion Map
construction and along S.R. 1401 between 'U.S. 17 and the U.S.
17 by-pass. These areas have been shown as Transition
because of the current concentration of housing and other
development along this corridor or because of anticipated
development pressure adjacent to the U.S. 17 by-pass. This
area would be the first priority area for a sewer system if
one is developed during the planning period. Appropriate
uses in the Transition classification would be those uses
permitted by the Bolivia Zoning Ordinance.
B. Rural -- Land used for management and utilization of
productive resources and where limited public services will
be provided. Generally, large tracts of land not expected to
develop more intensely than agriculturally would be
considered in this category.
The remaining portion of both the corporate limits of Bolivia
and the extraterritorial area of Bolivia is shown in the
Rural classification (with the exception of Conservation as
described below). This area is currently and will most
likely remain in either agricultural use or forestry use.
Low density residential development is permitted in the Rural
classification. Appropriate uses would include agriculture,
forestry and low density uses such as housing or other uses
permitted in the Bolivia Zoning Ordinance.
C. Conservation -- This last class identifies land to be
maintained for its natural qualities and least desirable for
development. These areas wouldn't be able to withstand
development without loss of natural value, have severe
limitations for development, or are too valuable to be
endangered by it.
The Conservation classification is shown along the Middle
Swamp on the eastern border of the corporate limits. Future
development in the Conservation zone is permitted as long as
it is sensitive to the unique environment and meets all
local, State and federal regulations including the Flood
Insurance Program regulations and Bolivia Zoning Ordinance.
Also, in the event Bolivia wishes to develop and extend sewer
lines along road rights-of-vay bisecting Conservation areas,
such development is permitted to pass through a Conservation
zone as long as such development would be permitted if such
extension meets all local, State and federal regulations.
YIII. PUBLIC PARTICIPATION
Bolivia policy on public participation was to use a Planning
Questionnaire with distribution throughout the Town and extra-
territorial jurisdiction. All meetings in which the plan was
discussed were open to the public. A Planning Questionnaire was
prepared with the as
of the Town Manager and Board of
Aldermen. The questionnaire was distributed to every household
inside the Town limits and extraterritorial planning jurisdiction
with the exception of those houses that were posted with No Tres-
passing signs. Of the 114 questionnaires distributed, 37 were
completed and returned for a 32% return. This information was
tabulated and the results reviewed with the Board of Aldermen and
then used in drafting policy to address local issues of concern.
In addition to the Planning Questionnaire distribution, several
meetings with the Board of Aldermen were held to discuss the
questionnaire results, obtain citizen input and plan preparation.
Specifically, public information meetings were held on the
following dates:
August 7, 1989 Board of Aldermen Public Information
Meeting
August 28, 1989 Board of Aldermen Public Information
Meeting
September 11, 1989 Board of Aldermen Public Information
Meeting
November 6, 1989 Board of Aldermen Meeting to Discuss
CRC Comments
January 8, 1990 Public Hearing to Review Final Draft of
Land Use Plan

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The Draft Land Use Plan has been available for public review
prior to the Public Hearing scheduled for January 8, 1990.
IZ. HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN
The Town of Bolivia comes under the Brunswick County Storm Hazard
Mitigation, Post -Disaster Recovery and Evacuation Plan. The
complete plan can be found in the 1987 Brunswick County Land Use
Plan or the County Emergency Management Office. The following
items excerpted from the plan highlight its provisions:
Introduction
Brunswick County, like other coastal counties, is vulnerable to
hurricanes. Because of this vulnerability, the County must
devise means by which development can be managed to mitigate the
hazards associated with hurricanes. To achieve this objective,
hazardous areas must be mapped in order to assess the County's
vulnerability to damage, mitigation processes must be identified
and existing mitigation measures must be reviewed.
Flooding
Flooding is a hazard along the rivers in the County as well as
the area immediately adjacent to the Intracoastal Waterway.
Since much of this area is attractive for residential
development, there is considerable private investment in these
flood prone areas. Information gathered from a land use survey
conducted in spring, 1985, indicated that nearly 1,500
residential structures were located in flood hazard zones as
identified by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA).
The total value placed on these structures by the Brunswick
County Tax Supervisor's office is approximately $41.2 million.
(Of the 1,500 residential structures identified county -wide,
approximately 10 are located in Bolivia.)
FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Maps identify those areas of land with
a one percent chance of flood inundation in any given year.
These flood prone areas are primarily the result of flooding that
would be the result of storm surge, i.e. water that is pushed
upstream by strong winds. Some flooding on small tributaries
could be attributed to the more typical heavy rainfall over a
short time period.
Winds
Hurricane force winds can cause serious structure damage as well
as damage to overhead utilities. Brunswick County is located in
a zone identified by the State Building Code as having a
reasonable expectation of having 100 mph winds from a hurricane.
The State Building Code requires that any new structure built in
the County be able to withstand winds of 100 mph. The Building
Code sets standards for design, anchorage and tie downs for
structures.
2.5.1 Storm Hazard Mitigation
Storm hazard mitigation involves "activities which reduce the
probability that a disaster will occur and minimize the damage
caused by a disaster. Such activities can range from the
establishment of a nationwide hurricane tracking system to the
adoption of local land use regulations which discourage residen-
tial construction in flood prone areas. Mitigation activities
are not geared to a specific disaster; they result from a long-
term concern for avoiding the damages of future natural
disasters." (McElyea, et al, Before The Storm: Managing
Development to Reduce Hurricane Damages, 1982.)
Current Measures
Current storm hazard mitigation measures are incorporated in
various County and State ordinances and guidelines including the
following:
- Brunswick County Flood Damage Preventors ordinance.
- Brunswick County Building Code Ordinance.
- Brunswick County Subdivision Ordinance.
- Brunswick County Flood Insurance Rate Maps.
- Guidelines for Areas of Environmental Concern.
- N. C. Residential Building Code.
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Brunswick County regulates development in hazard areas primarily
through the flood plain management regulations which are outlined
in Article 5, Articles A-E in Ordinance No. 62, an Ordinance
Enacting a Building Code for Brunswick County, North Carolina.
All development occurring in AEC areas must conform to State
guidelines.
The following is a summary of findings relevant to the ability of
current Brunswick County regulations to adequately manage
development in hazard areas.
BRUNSWICK COUNTY BUILDING CODE ORDINANCE
The Brunswick County Building Code Ordinance which was enacted
April, 1985, contains an element entitled "Provisions for Flood
Hazard Reduction," (Article 5). This section cites the require-
ments for new construction or substantial improvements in areas
of special flood hazard.
GENERAL STANDARDS
All structures shall be anchored to prevent flotation, collapse
or lateral movement.
Construction materials and utility equipment must be resistant to
flood damage.
Construction shall be by methods and practices that minimize
flood damage.
All new and replacement water supply systems shall be designed to
minimize or eliminate infiltration of flood waters into the
system.
New and replacement sanitary sewage systems shall be designed to
minimize or eliminate infiltration of flood waters into the
systems and discharges from the systems into flood waters.
On -site waste disposal systems (e.g. septic) shall be located and
constructed to avoid impairment to them or contamination from
them during flooding.
THE NORTH CAROLINA UNIFORM RESIDENTIAL BUILDING CODE
The North Carolina Uniform Residential Building Code is the tool
that the County uses to manage development to minimize potential
wind damage. Structures must be designed upon the size of the
unit. The County does not have the authority to modify the
Building Code to better meet its needs. Under the laws of the
State each county must enforce these uniform regulations.
Storm Hazard Mitigation Policies
Policy 2.5.1(a)
BRUNSWICK COUNTY SHALL DISCOURAGE HIGH INTENSITY USES AND LARGE
STRUCTURES FROM BEING CONSTRUCTED WITHIN THE 100-YEAR FLOODPLAIN,
EROSION -PRONE AREAS, AND OTHER LOCATIONS SUSCEPTIBLE TO HURRICANE
AND FLOODING HAZARDS.
Policy 2.5.1(b)
BRUNSWICK COUNTY, IN COOPERATION WITH THE STATE OF NORTH
CAROLINA, SHALL CONSIDER PURCHASING PARCELS LOCATED IN HAZARD
AREAS OR RENDERED UNBUILDABLE BY STORMS OR OTHER EVENTS, FOR THE
PURPOSES OF SHOREFRONT ACCESS. DEVELOPERS MAY ALSO BE REQUIRED
TO PURCHASE SUCH PROPERTIES FOR PUBLIC ACCESS AS A CONDITION FOR
PROJECT APPROVAL
Policy 2.5.1(c)
BRUNSWICK COUNTY SHALL CONTINUE TO ENFORCE THE NORTH CAROLINA
BUILDING CODE, PARTICULARLY THOSE PROVISIONS WHICH REQUIRE
CONSTRUCTION STANDARDS TO MEET WIND RESISTIVE FACTORS, I.E.
DESIGN, WIND VELOCITY.
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Policy 2.5.1(d)
BRUNSWICK COUNTY ENCOURAGES THE PLACEMENT OF UTILITIES
UNDERGROUND FOR ALL NEW DEVELOPMENT.
2. Section 406 -- Hazard Mitioation
FEMA can approve or prescribe hazard mitigation measures that
a community must undertake as a prerequisite for issuing
federal disaster aid. This can take the form of developing
land use regulations, construction standards, and other means
of avoiding storm hazards.
The County has a listing of the Federal Disaster Assistance
Programs that it may be eligible for after a major storm
event. The programs listed fall in the categories of
Temporary Housing, Home/Personal Property Loans, Aid to Major
Sources of Employment, Repair of Public Facilities, and a
variety of others. The County, due to Hurricane Diana in
September, 1984, has considerable expertise in identifying
and applying for aid for which it is eligible.
Local Damage Assessment Team
A local damage assessment team must necessarily be composed of
individuals who are capable of giving reliable estimates of the
original value of structures, estimations of the value amount of
damages sustained, and an account of repairs. Due to the vast
amount of land and structures found in the unincorporated area,
this calls for the organization of several assessment teams. The
following are recommended team members as are delineated in the
Brunswick County Disaster Relief and Assistance Plan.
PLAN PROPERTY SURVEY TEAM
Building and Grounds (driver)
Parks and Recreation Department Representative
Building Standard and Code Enforcer (Captain)
Architect
BUSINESS AND INDUSTRY SURVEY TEAM
Tax Collector (Captain)
Building Inspector
Realtor
Volunteer Fireman (driver)
PRIVATE DWELLINGS SURVEY TEAM
Tax Supervisor (Captain)
Volunteer Fireman (driver)
Sketch Level
1989 Bolivia Land Use Plan
TL�chnical Assistance
Howard T. Capps & Associates
Landscape Architect • Land Planner
321 N. Front Street
Wilmington, NC 28401
919-763-7708
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1989 Sketch Land Use Plar
Local Adoption: January 8, 199(
CRC Certification: March 30, 199
The preparation of this document was financed in part through
a grant provided by the North Carolina Coastal Management
Program, through funds provided by the Coastal Zone Manage-
ment Act of 1972, as amended, which is administered by the
Office of ocean and Coastal Resource Management, National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
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BOLIVIA ETA
II
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