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Home My WebLink AboutSoils & Wetlands Mapping-1976• lease do not remove..... Division of Coastal Management Pender County Soils W Wetlands M-apping {"• �. �.frrr!.. �L•f(t' r: ram,: 1"r i. r•; r,' i r� �Sy r_r�:-,r� YRvf.r/ � (• ter-'f r /r.., `r , it 'r•rr ri Y t t'• r - _ _ti, �•rn.w r c f:: •'r �.•A Li`:•.7.}tF.f1.4�_^ '�'+•.'r '(•( •'r,^,-. fi r�'r.r •r Yam:. �. r r••'-r��:%ff.rr ,<•i-Cr.-.r•r'. r•. .r.r•. ;-�+•� ,e!rn ...��•}}�: ',N��j Y,?., f • •.: r.•r' r i. f.�•f r : r(; r' rr ` r'i f:r• r�u:;. i;"�`r. ,• i} ti :.r �:�r•r{�.ti��. 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A . •' •:c i �•`r�-`r'.I'� �.:. • (Y r- rr _ .r'r•;.r_.'r+r - •:rl•( � `• ,.. � it :. r" r i f"-'' ..-� •(• ` i(r'!•°rr'f��•?i_-S� i'•,•r:: ; "'Cfr ?_:rti 'r .t.l,r• . r�,;'r•;�: (` f°..'•r''�'r7 • f� r .. (t Y r � r•. L • r- ti . �'• '• 'far: r` .. -.,_r of .-!rC't"- r .t' i • :i•C.. ^,r''-r - •f^:r •r. r , .-, r .rf r, ,• r•y. -ir'lti �- r •CL- .rr'i rt r• ..r.rJ•:.•Cr-, r r,r•r Yr.:;r f•:�' Prrparrd by Howard T, Capps d? Associates Landscape ,4rchitect • Land Planner 321 North Front Street Wilmington; North Carolina The preparation of this document was financed in part through a grant provided by the North Carolina Coastal Management Program, through funds provided by the Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, as amended, which is administered by the Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. t J I. Introduction The Pender County Soils and Wetlands Mapping Project is a follow-up to the 1986 Pender County Land Use Plan. .The 1986 Land Classification Map section of the Plan included areas subject to flooding as Conserva- tion Areas. This Conservation designation includes soils identified by the Soil Conservation Service as subject to flooding and areas identified by the Federal Emergency Management Agency as subject to flooding. The Plan further states that if development is proposed in the Conservation classification, the developer must bring such plans before the County Planning Board for their review. Giving both the County Planning Staff and Planning Board a series of maps that reflect both the 100-year.flood and Conservation soils as defined in the Land Use Plan is the primary purpose of this project. II. Pender County Soils and Wetlands Maps This series of maps consists of 11 maps ranging in scale from 1"=660' on sheets 1, 2 and 3, to a scale of 1"=2,000' for sheets 4 through 11.. Each of the 11 maps has a Legend whichreflects the six Conservation Soils as defined in the Land Use Plan, Forested and Open Areas such as farms, the 100-year.flood line from the Flood Insurance Maps, rivers and streams and existing roads. Each of the 11 maps also includes an index map of.Pender County that shows major features such as I-40 and incorporated municipalities or de- veloped areas such as Atkinson in the western part of the County and Hamp- stead in the eastern section of the County. The purpose of the index map is to quickly locate the area that an individual, planning staff or Planning Board member might be intersted in reviewing. For example, if an individual is interested in seeing the extent of Conservation soils T. J in the Rocky Point area, the map user finds that this portion of the County is found on Sheet 5 by use of the index map. LEGEND Conservation Soils (Wetland Soils in 1986 Land Use Plan) Bo-Bohicket Silty Clay Loam. Ca -Carteret Fine Sand. Ch-Chewacla Loam. Ct-Croatan Muck. Do-Dorovan (Muck. Wt-Muckalee Loam Forested Areas . 100 Year Flood i� livers and Streams s � RC 53 a Existing Roads III. Use of Pender County Soils and Wetlands Maps The.primary purpose of this series of maps is to give individuals, planning staff and Planning Board members the means by which they can quickly determine the extent, if any, of Conservation soils and flood plain on specific tracts of land being considered for development. For example, if an individual contacts the Planning Director or Planning Board member with tentative plans for a subdivision or commercial development, the Director or Planning Board member can quickly determine the extent of any Conservation soils or flood plain impacting a specific site and inform that person prior to any preliminary planning proceeding. This series of maps will assist the Planning Director and Planning Board. in carrying out their Land Use Policy for consideration of develop- ment in a Conservation area. It provides for a quick review of any planned development that might impact on a Conservation area with the Planning Board having the right to make recommendations for modifications to any proposal being considered. This series of maps may also be helpful in planning future recreational development for Pender County. The maps could be the basis for a greenway system throughout the County that could provide recreational opportunities and at the same time protect sensitive land areas adjacent to rivers, streams and creeks. 0 x IF .. N ' D U P L 1 N C O U N T Y WuuCE y4 t ! I' h C- � � ;►:.�.•�.• F� ;::ram - - ° � � o LEGEND G K `.t. - t a �i ei;•��+;� ;• c; •` �:- , �T•`e•.r�!t w `a AVi ff',�.,.: k Vr +/yi.' i ii«;.'i 'ii i • 5° tAll� / . L �: e : 1t�f »� ►icy*ix`•#'i�i•};#�#;+� : i :•#• e s ..... �'�. i i i :i•r;iai •ii'Fr.s:r r :: ••ieiY ei � ie'ri ,e••ie••eee• X. ..-Isesee. 1 S••tY•� ••; •�;••e;:• •e:•• ••• ''is__�s �` ••• ••ee•f ••e•e• e••• i° ;.::, _�:*,:.::.::•::�::.,::•:::�••:�e.� :......:;.::;::::•::•:.. DEVELOPED Is Is 41 1,0/, �� S�,' r? 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Rldve. ..; :•::::: • •:::; •.. .. '•::. :: � Crick � �° • ' : ......... .... .. . , .. •ee.•e•:•: tee.. '. o c.•, e• ••�e••••':• : •• Rdwrb ° t ••e : • i'V t Y i N 11d1s°7ds : •: •Is A Is .. • \� .. iY -� N T y LAND CLASSIFICATION U ° ee •'•.:• ••:: ' �° ti PENDER COUNTY, N.C. .. .: • ::' REvM Pv •: : : ' --' SCALE 1 0 1 2 3 • A11E5 0.5 IAUF 1985 1 SCALE FOR ENLARGEMENTS POLYCOIiC PROJECI10N LEGEND I URBAN or BUILT—UP LANDS 2 AGRICULTURAL LANDS 4 FOREST LANDS 51 STREAMS and CANALS 52 LAKES 54 BAYS and ESTUARIES.. This map segment illustrates EXISTING LAND USE A OPENUERLE�' "° E EXISTING LAND USE As 61 WETLAND, FORESTED maps on an aerial photograph base of the county, at a eUR°AIN 62 WETLAND, NON —FORESTED scale of 1 �� = 2000'. B s, PENDER COUNTY, N. Ce ATKINSON .21 SHELTER 0 72 BEACHES Interested persons may obtain any one or all 12 sheets 21D 73 SANDY AREAS other than BEACHES "'"P'i`°° 76 TRANSITIONAL AREAS from the Director of Planning, Court House, Burgaw, NC. i I 2 3 4 z000 0 2000 soon lz000 SCALE IN FEET 16 0 J16 I SCALE IN MILES channels to siltation, and of agricultural and forest lands to suburban or industrial development are real, tangible losses to people accustomed to using and enjoying their physical en- vironment. Some of the most vocal supporters of environmental protection are newcomers to the county who moved into the area for the sake of the rural, outdoor recreation -oriented, slow-paced lifestyle. Their concern, shared county -wide, is how to reach an equilibrium position to avoid the economic and social suicide that would result from either a "no -growth" policy or all-out industrialization. As in many areas where new growth is unplanned and unregulated, Pender County land is undergoing strip develop- ment. New housing and commercial areas are being built along highways, producing miles of landscape dotted with cutover vegetation, billboards, and driveways. Delivering services to strip developments is more costly than to concentrated com- munities, as the population to be serviced is spread out along miles of highways. As highways become residential thorough- fares, traffic becomes congested and associated hazards in- crease. In the beach areas, unplanned growth has resulted in degrad- ation of some of the very resources which had made the land attractive. Some of the once highly productive marshes have been filled and developed as homesites; some sand dunes have been obliterated or stripped of vegetation to accommodate home construction; pollution from septic tanks in high density development has caused the closing of some shellfish waters to harvesting; and public funds have been required to repair or prevent damage due to storms and erosion. Many of the problems facing Pender County are due, at least in part, to its one major physical characteristic -wetness. The primary limitations on land utilization for any purpose -includ- ing locating highways, industry and urban development; pro- ducing good quality agricultural and forest yields; utilizing septic tanks; and gaining access to potential recreation areas - are imposed by the drainage system. The wide belt of wetland between U.S. 17 and the Northeast Cape Fear River contributes to the isolation of the eastern section of the county from the west. The road mileage between Burgaw and the coastal area raises the cost of delivering county services; residents of the coastal area often find the drive to Wilmington or Jacksonville for services more efficient than the drive to their own County Seat. The existence of extensive wetland areas puts even higher value on land where wetness and flooding are not significant problems. Different kinds of new development, especially in inland Pender County, will in many cases compete for the same land. The best agricultural lands contain the best soils for forestry and are the most economically adapted to urban and industrial uses. Some changes in land use, as from agriculture to forestry, or from wildlife management to recreation, can occur without causing significant changes in the land's suitability for other uses or for a reversal to its former use. But the changes land undergoes in modification for urban, suburban, transporta- tion, or industrial purposes are often permanent; that is, once agricultural land is subdivided into lots, or covered with an asphalt highway, reversal to its former use is virtually im- possible. As new development of various kinds can be expected to occur in the future and will be required to accompany econom- ic growth, policies have been set for the kinds of development to be encouraged in various areas and standards established to guide whatever development is to occur. ESTABLISHMENT OF GROWTH POLICIES The people of Pender County played an important part in es- tablishing the County's objectives and standards for growth. All postal box holders in the county received an information packet including an explanation of .the planning process, a description of three possible alternative growth policies, and a question- naire concerning current problems and future goals. In a series of public meetings, this information was discussed and votes were taken on desired growth levels. The principal policy choice the people of the county were asked to make was between encouraging virtually "no growth" (a continuance of current trends), moderate growth furnishing an employment base for county residents, and all-out industrial- ization accompanied by an influx of population. Continued "no growth" in the county was deemed unacceptable by the major- ity; since the economic and social impacts of such a policy, as evidenced by the declining population and lack of jobs, were already being felt. All out industrialization, as a means of securing employment and increased tax base, was considered equally unacceptable because of the inevitable increased public cost of service provision and the complete change of lifestyle that would result. County residents voted overwhelmingly to encourage moder- ate economic and population growth by careful selection of clean, labor-intensive industry. The population desired to accompany such growth by 1995 is approximately 25,000, with 20,800 in 1985. Accompanying the growth goal was a firm stance on careful management of natural resources, including protection of swamp forests and the undeveloped barrier is- lands, and sound fiscal policy to avoid unnecessary tax in- creases. Participation of County residents was solicited again before adoption of the Land Use Plan. A public hearing in which the County Plan and those developed by the Towns of Atkinson, Burgaw, Surf City, and Topsail Beach was held in order to receive public comment and eliminate any possible incon- sistencies among the various plans. The essential elements of the long range land use program are set forth in the following statement of Objectives and Stand- ards, in the standards for use and development in Areas of Environmental Concern, and on the Land Classification Map. The Land Use Planning process cannot attempt to solve all the county's problems. But it lays the foundation for more com- prehensive planning programs by establishing land management policies for the recreation, urban renewal, public service, and economic development plans which will follow. OBJECTIVES AND STANDARDS FOR PENDER COUNTY ADOPTED MARCH 10, 1975 The land use policy goal of Pender County government will be to encourage employment and other conditions to achieve and support a population of 25,000 by 1995. Objective: Pender County government will encourage new population growth in areas within or immediately adjacent to existing communities in order to facili- tate improvement of services provided to county residents at lowest unit cost. Standards: 1. The provision and maintenance of necessary public water supplies, sewage disposal facilities, and paved streets will be the responsibility of mu- nicipalities. Allocations to municipalities for other services will be in the form of revenue sharing bas- ed on population needs. 2. Plans for the future distribution of county -wide service facilities for education, health care, and police protection will be based primarily on the needs of existing centers of population. Objective: Pender County government will encourage preser- vation of prime agricultural land for agricultural production, at the discretion of the owner. Standards: 1. That land presently (in 1975) in agricultural crop production will be considered the county's prime agricultural land. 2. Policies will be established for county property valuation assessment to alleviate tax pressure to change the use made of agricultural land. 3. County tax policy, to the degree authorized by statute, will be designed to penalize the use of agri- cultural land as a tax shelter by speculators. Objective: Pender County government will encourage the ex- pansion of the county employment and property tax bases by seeking those industries that will max- imize"employment of county residents and in- crease per capita income without causing exces- sive public services costs or degradation of the natural environment. Standards: 1. Principal emphasis will be placed on locating or expanding industries that will utilize Pender Coun- ty natural and human resources. 2. The county may encourage the location of in- dustry by offering financial assistance for the de- velopment of industrial sites. 3. Potential industrial or commercial installations of 60,000 square feet or larger will require an en- vironmental impact assessment at the same level of detail specified for major state actions by the North Carolina Environmental Policy Act. Objective: Pender County government will encourage the protection of riverine swamp forests and attendant rivers, creeks, and streams. Standards: 1. Drainage programs in swamp forests will be per- mitted only to the minimum degree necessary to maintain sufficient drainage to alleviate flood damage. 2. The county soil erosion control ordinance will be strictly enforced to prevent further blocking of drainage from accelerated siltation. 3. Adherence to high standards for channel im- provement and timber harvesting practices will be encouraged to prevent damage to indigenous fish and wildlife species. 4. Recreational use of the rivers, creeks, and streams will be encouraged through county invest- ment in access facilities. Objective: Pender County government will minimize public cost of extension of municipal services and harm to the environment by requiring developers to pro- vide initial road and necessary water and sewer services to major subdivisions. Standards: 1. A major subdivision is one whose ultimate de- velopment will be ten acres or larger and involve 40 or more dwelling units, whichever is smaller. 2. The necessity for public water supplies and sew- age disposal facitlities will be determined by site evaluation based on relevant North Carolina Divi- sion of Environmental Management and Health Services regulations and guidelines. 3. Construction will be governed by enforcement of at least the minimum standards of the North Carolina Building, Electrical, and Plumbing Codes. 4. Major subdivisions will be developed only after submission and approval of plans for the sub- division. Objective: Pender County government will petition the North Carolina Department of Transportation to upgrade the internal road system of the county to facilitate access from one part of the county to another and to provide heavy duty road links for farm, forestry, and industrial product movement. Standard: Pender County government will make an assess- ment of its internal transportation needs and rec- ommend specific projects necessary to meet the above objective. Objective: Pender County government will encourage utiliza- tion of estuaries and tidal marshes which will not alter the natural function of such resources. Such utilization will include but not be limited to the maintenance of channels. Standards: 1. Programs will be undertaken to maximize the circulation of tidal waters in the channels of the estuaries and within the marshes where such cir- culation will result in increased contribution of detritus. 2. Provision will be made to encourage the crea- tion of public access points and the maintenance of navigable channels to these access points for the use of the boating public. Objective: In areas designated Areas of Environmental Con- cern or otherwise deemed hazardous or fragile, Pender County government will permit only those kinds of development appropriate for each area. Standards: 1. Those kinds of development appropriate for en- vironmentally fragile areas are specified in Section III of the Pender County Land Use Plan. 2. Development in designated Flood Prone Areas will follow the Federal Insurance Administration Criteria for Land Management and Use. Objective: Pender County government will encourage the development of the undeveloped barrier islands for the purpose of public recreation only. Standards: 1. The use of public funds for creating access to or promoting development of the undeveloped bar- rier islands for private purposes will be discour- aged. 2. Future development of any of the county's bar- rier islands will adhere to the standards for de- velopment described in Section III of the Pender County Land Use Plan. Objective: Pender County government will encourage the de- velopment of its historic resources as historic rec- reation areas for public use and enjoyment. Objective: In order to promote more productive land use in the County and to maintain high yields of forest products in the future, Pender County government will encourage reforestation of land after timber harvesting when that land has not been cleared for other purposes. Standard: Land owners are encouraged to use the services available in the County from the N.C. Forest Serv- ice and private contractors. POTENTIAL AREAS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERN Those areas in the County whose particularly fragile, scenic, or hazardous nature warrants special care taken in their use and development will be identified and designated Areas of En- vironmental Concern. The possible areas and standards for development in each of these areas are summarized as follows: The Esty, arine System (The estuarine waters, marshes and mudflats, as defined by G.S. 113-229 and G.S. 113-230) Pender County will work with state and federal authorities in managing and, where necessary, preserving the natural state of the estuarine system, but will seek to have established and maintained sufficient navigation channels to allow reasonable use and enjoyment of its water resources, with a minimum of damage to the estuarine system. The only other kinds of development that may be allowed in the estuarine system are those that require water access and cannot function anywhere else. Piers, docks and marinas, for instance, connecting water -oriented activities with upland ac- tivities, may be considered appropriate if their need in the area can be demonstrated and their specific location and design shown to be the most suitable alternative. The Estuarine System category includes all islands within the marsh complex; however, since some of these islands could accommodate some degree of development, proposed develop- ment of any of them should be reviewed on a case -by -case basis. The Beach-Foredune System Because of the dynamic nature of the beach-foredune com- plex, the construction or location of structures on it should not be permitted. Allowances will be made, however, for the provision of structural accessways across the dune provided that utmost care is exercised in their location and construction to prevent damage to the dune and the vegetation growing on it. Allowances will also be made for the erection of safety facilities such as lifeguard chairs, and for necessarily water -oriented recreational structures such as fishing piers. Hazard Areas Coastal inlet lands and oceanfront property with a high prob- ability of incurring excessive erosion are unsuitable locations for the placement of structures used for housing, institutional purposes, transportation or commerce; and are considered of too high a risk to warrant further public investments into roads, sewer and water lines and other such facilities. In these areas, as in coastal flood -prone areas, any construction will be required to meet at least the minimum standards of the N.C. Building Code and conform to the standards of the Federal Insurance Administration for coastal high -hazard areas. Public Trust Areas To the degree authorized by statute, the County will require some provision for public access in new developments in Public Trust Areas and will prohibit any development which unduly restricts public access to and use of these areas. Historic and Natural Resource Areas Riverine swamp forests in the county are environmentally fragile; places in the county of a valuable historic nature are also considered fragile. The county encourages protection and management of these resources and will seek in the future to incorporate some swamp forest and historic areas into a county park and recreation program. LAND CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM Despite the large percentage of wetland in the county, there is a sufficient quantity of land suitable for urban development to sustain the desired growth without encroaching on fragile or natural and scenic resource areas. But careful location of that growth on land physically and economically suitable for de- velopment is important in order to avoid excessive public costs of service provision and the loss of economic resource areas such as prime agricultural and forest lands. The Land Classification System (LCS) was established for localities to use to identify the most appropriate general uses of various kinds of land. The Land Classification Map produced from the Classification System allows a local government to make a statement to state and federal authorities, as well as local residents, on where and to what density growth is desired. The LCS includes the following five categories of land which are delineated on the Land Classification Map: 1. Developed -Lands where existing population density is moderate to high and where there is a variety of land uses which have the necessary public services. 2. Transitional -Lands where local government plans to accommodate moderate to high density development during the following ten-year period and where neces- sary public services will be provided to accommodate that growth. 3. Community -Lands where low density development is grouped in existing settlements or will occur in such settlements during the following ten-year period and will not require extensive public services now or in the future. 4. Rural -Lands whose highest use is for agriculture, for- estry, mining, water supply, etc., based on their natural resource potential. Also, lands for future needs not cur- rently recognized. 5. Conservation -Fragile, hazardous, and other lands nec- essary to maintain a healthy natural environment and necessary to provide for the public health, safety, and welfare. Because the economic development planning process has just recently been initiated, no industrial areas have been delineated on the Land Classification Map at this time. The omission of industrial land on this map should not be construed as a policy determination that there be no industrial land use in the County. The kinds of new public services that the County can initiate, as well, will depend on the success of the economic development program and the availability of outside sources of funding. Highest priority is currently being given to the develop- ment of public recreation acres, housing renewal, and flood prevention drainage. Applications for federal funds have been submitted for each of the above. IMPLEMENTATION In order to make land use planning in the county an on -going, effective process, the County has hired a full-time Planning Director. With the Planning Board, the Planning Director will review and upgrade the Plan on a regular basis, coordinate land use with community facility and economic development planning activities, and draft regulations and ordinances necessary to implement the Plan and its policies. Pender County will seek to establish its own permit -letting agency for minor development permits that will be required after official Areas of Environmental Concern are designated. The county will attempt, as well, to coordinate the activities of various land use regulatory authorities -such as building and septic tank inspections, subdivision plat approvals, and the like -with the AEC minor development permit -letting authority, and will study the feasibility of coordinating these activities with similar municipal efforts. This report was financed in part by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the State of North Carolina, and meets the requirements of the North Carolina Coastal Area Management Act of 1974. algv21Aeu }o 'uopnllod of sallddns JawmpunoJ2 pup sJaleM gs!;llags ;o ssol aql •uJaauoa lea!gdosol!gd p lsnf upgl aaow si „ssaJ2oJd„ Aq pajimmi aq pinoa 4egl saaJnosaJ Jawm pup puel a4l JO uo!tepei2ap alq!ssOd •alA4sapl J!agl 3o lied Iueliodwi up alnIpsuoa 2ulgs!; pup 2upunq se gans sa!I!A!4ae uo!IeaJaaJ Joop4nO •IuawuOJ!Aua Jlagl }o A4!Ipnb aq4 Inoqu pauJaauoa amp Alunoa aql u! aldoad 'uollpnl!s a!wouoaa ago jo a4!ds ul •aaueulf;o saaJnos (Ipaapa; pup awls) ap!slno uo aaue!lai AApaq Jo saalAaas allgnd a4enbapeui 'aspaJaul xu4 e uaaMlaq aa!oga u 2ulaJo; sl AI!Allae ssau!snq pup uopelndod Mol woJ; 2upjnsaJ aseq xet Mol aql •Jag4af3o4Iu OU!Apal pup 2upnwuJoa uaaMlaq asooga o4 s4uap!saJ aaow pup aaow f3u!aJo; si sa!I!unlJoddo qof jo pel aql •uollpindod sI! 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Allepuelsgns pags!u!w!p seq asn puel a se pup 4uawAoldwa jo aaJnos p gloq se aJnlln:)u2e 10 alOJ aql 4nq 'algeuopsanbun si leJnJ s! 4! leg[ •Alunoa leJnl1n:)p2p 'leJnJ a su umoul Aluowwoa si AlunOD Japuad OCM LIBRARY MAY 19 198c SUMMARY & ." . .- of the PENDER COUNTY LAND USE PLAN Prepared by the BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS and CITIZENS of Pender County North Carolina With Assistance from Coastal Zone Resources Corporation 1976 PROPERTY OF DIVISION OF COASTAL MANAGEMENT PLEASE DO NOT REMOVE