Advanced Core Land Use Plan-2004

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Pasquotank County
Elizabeth City
North Carolina
2004 Advanced Core Land Use Plan
Adopted by the Pasquotank County Board of Commissioners: January 9. 2012
Adopted by the Elizabeth City Council: January 9, 2012
Certified by the Coastal Resources Commission: February 9, 2012
x
. The preparation ofthis report wasfinanced in pan through a grant provided by the North Carolina
Coastal Management Program, through funds provided by the Coastal Zone Management Act of
1972, as amended, which is administered by the Once of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management,
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION I INTRODUCTION AND EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.....................................................9
1.1 Purpose...................................................................................................................9
1.2 Overview of the Plan............................................................................................11
1.3 Executive Summary .............................................................................................13
1.3.1 Summary of Land Use Issues...............................................................13
1.3.2 Summary of Data Collection and Analysis............................................14
1.3.3 Summary of Policy Statements..............................................................19
1.3.4 Summary of Future Land Use Projections.............................................19
1.3.5 Summary of Implementation Strategies................................................24
SECTION II COMMUNITY CONCERNS AND ASPIRATIONS.................................................26
2.1 Significant Existing and Emerging Conditions..................................................26
2.1.1
Land Use.................................................................................................26
A. General County Growth Trends........................................................26
B. General Municipal Growth Trends.....................................................26
C. Urban Development Impacts.............................................................26
D. Land Suitability and Natural Constraints on Development.................27
E. Waterfront and Estuarine Access......................................................27
F. Redevelopment.................................................................................27
2.1.2
Economic Conditions— ........................................................... .............
27
A. General Economic Conditions...........................................................27
B. Population Growth............................................................................27
C. Industrial and Economic Development..............................................28
D. Downtown Revitalization and Waterfront Development .....................28
E. Fiscal/Capital Improvements Programming.......................................28
2.1.3
Transportation........................................................................................28
A. Completion of the US Highway 17 Bypass........................................28
B. Halstead Boulevard Connector.........................................................29
C. Safeguarding Highways by Controlling Access.................................29
2.1.4
Infrastructure.........................................................................................29
A. Adequate Levels of Service..............................................................29
B. Water and Sewer Utilities..................................................................29
2.1.5
Water Quality..........................................................................................29
A. Potable Water Supply.......................................................................29
B. Storm Water Runoff..........................................................................30
2.1.6
Other Environmental Concerns............................................................30
A. Cultural and Historical Resource Protection......................................30
B. Fragile Lands and Localized Resource Protection ............................30
C. Accessibility while Protecting Public Trust Waters ............................30
D. Storm Hazard Mitigation and Evacuation..........................................30
E. Manmade Hazards and Hazardous Waste Management..................31
2.2 Key Planning Issues.............................................................................................31
2.2.1
Public Access.........................................................................................31
2.2.2
Land Use Compatibility.........................................................................31
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Table of Conlenty

2.2.3 Infrastructure Carrying Capacity..........................................................31
2.2.4 Natural Hazard Areas.............................................................................31
2.2.5 Water Quality..........................................................................................32
'
2.2.6 Areas of Local Concern. .32
2.3 Community Vision Statement..............................................................................32
'
SECTION III ANALYSIS OF EXISTING AND EMERGING CONDITIONS................................33
3.1 Population, Housing, and Economy....................................................................33
'
3.1.1 Population Analysis...............................................................................33
A. Population Growth Trends................................................................34
B. Population Characteristics................................................................36
'
3.1.2 Housing Stock........................................................................................41
A. Building Permits Issued. .41
B. Seasonal Housing.............................................................................42
'
3.1.3 Local Economy......................................................................................43
A. Economic Trends. .43
B. Employment by Major Sectors..........................................................44
'
C. Community Economic Activity...........................................................46
D. Commuting Patterns.........................................................................48
3.1.4 Population Projections..........................................................................50
'
A. Permanent Population Projections ....................... .50
B. Seasonal and Peak Population .........................................................
50
3.2 Natural Systems Analysis ..............................................................................52
'
3.2.1 Inventory of Natural Features...................................52
A. Areas of Environmental Concern (AEC)............................................
52
B. Soil Characteristics...........................................................................53
'
C. Water Quality Classifications and Use Support Designations ............
D. Flood Hazard Areas..........................................................................56
54
E. Storm Surge Areas...........................................................................57
'
F. Non -coastal ('404') Wetlands........59
G. Public Water Supply Watershed .......................................................
59
H. Primary Nursery Areas...................................:..................................60
I. Other Environmentally Fragile Areas..................................................60
3.2.2 Composite Environmental Conditions Map.........................................61
3.2.3 Assessment of Environmental Conditions..........................................64
A. Water Quality Assessment................................................................64
'
B. Impaired Waters................................................................................67
C. Closed Shell fishing Areas................................................................67
D. Natural Hazards................................................................................67
E. Natural Resources............................................................................71
'
F. Summary of Limitations on and Opportunities for Development..........
71
3.3 Analysis of Land Use and Land Development...................................................73
'
3.3.1 Existing Land Use Analysis..................................................................73
A. Pasquotank County...........................................................................73
B. Elizabeth City....................................................................................76
'
C. Historic, Cultural, and Scenic Areas.....................77
D. Agricultural Land Use ................... .............................
81
E. Downtown Waterfront Development..................................................82
' 3.3.2 Estimates of Land Area by Land Use Category ...................................84
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 3 of 270
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3.3.3 Description of Land Use and Land Use/Water Quality Conflicts ........ 85
3.3.4 Description of Development Trends.....................................................85
3.3.5 Description of Land Use Patterns Within Watersheds ........................88
3.3.6 Projections of Land Needs....................................................................92
3.3.7 Description of Conflicts with Class II and Class III Lands ..................93
3.4 Analysis of Community Facilities........................................................................94
3.4.1
Water Supply Systems..........................................................................94
A. Elizabeth City Municipal Water System.............................................94
B. Pasquotank County Water System...................................................97
C. South Mills Water Association...........................................................98
D. Planned Water System Improvements and Future Service Areas .........
99
E. Service Area Water Demand............................................................99
3.4.2
Wastewater Treatment Systems.........................................................100
A. Elizabeth City Wastewater Treatment System................................100
B. Pasquotank County Wastewater Treatment System .......................101
C. Planned Sewer System Improvements and Future Service Areas ......102
3.4.3
Transportation Systems......................................................................105
A. Proposed Major Highway Improvements.........................................105
B. Major Streets with Capacity Deficiencies........................................106
C. Traffic Volumes...............................................................................107
D. US Highway 17 Bypass Corridor Planning......................................109
E. Halstead Boulevard Corridor Planning............................................110
3.4.4
Stormwater Systems............................................................................111
A. Elizabeth City..................................................................................111
B. Pasquotank County.........................................................................114
C. Existing Drainage Problems............................................................118
D. Water Quality Problems Related to Point Sources ..........................119
E. Joint Storm water Management Strategy........................................119
3.4.5
Joint Infrastructure Facilities Strategy...............................................120
3.4.6
Public Water Access Areas.................................................................120
3.4.7
Other Facilities.....................................................................................120
3.5 Land Suitability Analysis...................................................................................121
3.6 Review of Current Land Use Plan.....................................................................123
A. Consistency of Existing Ordinances with the Current Land Use Plan
Policies.................................................................................................123
B. Adoption of the Current Implementation Measures .........................124
C. Effectiveness of the Current Policies...............................................126
SECTION IV PLAN FOR THE FUTURE.................................................................................127
4.1 Land Use and Development Goals....................................................................128
4.1.1 Pasquotank County And Elizabeth City Goals...................................129
4.2 Land Use and Development Policies................................................................129
4.2.1 Pasquotank County Policy Statements..............................................129
4.2.2 Elizabeth City Policy Statements........................................................133
4.2.3 Analysis of the Impact of Policies on Management Topics ..............141
A. Public Water Access Policies..........................................................141
B. Land Use Compatibility Policies......................................................142
C. Infrastructure Carrying Capacity Policies ......................................... 142
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 4 of 270
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D. Natural Hazard Areas Policies........................................................142
E. Water Quality Policies....................................................................143
F. Local Areas of Concern Policies....................................................143
'
4.2.4 Statement of Local Support Regarding Areas of Environmental Concern..
143
4.2.5 Conflicts/Commonality of City and County Policies .........................143
4.3 Future Land Use Map.........................................................................................144
'
4.3.1 Pasquotank County Future Land Use Map........................................145
A. Agricultural Classification................................................................145
B. Conservation/Open Space Classification.........................................145
'
C. Residential Classifications...............................................................146
D. Commercial Classification................................................................152
E. Mixed Use Classification.:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::............................153
'
F. Industrial Classification.... .154
G. Public and Institutional Classification...............................................155
4.3.2 Elizabeth City Future Land Use Map ...................... .155
'
...........................
A. Residential Classification .156
B. Commercial Classification...............................................................157
'
C. Public and Institutional....................................................................163
D. Industrial.........................................................................................164
E. Conservation/Open Space..............................................................165
4.3.3 Consistency With Natural Systems and Land Suitability Analyses.
166
'
4.3.4 Comparison of Future Land Use Allocations and Projected Land
Needs ............................. .168
4.3.5 Use of the Future Land Use Plan to Guide Development ..................173
'
SECTION V TOOLS FOR MANAGING DEVELOPMENT......................................................175
5.1 Guide for Land Use Decision-making...............................................................175
5.2 Existing Land Use and Development Management Programs ........................175
5.2.1 Pasquotank County.............................................................................175
5.2.2 Elizabeth City.....................................................................................1.176
'
5.3 Additional Implementation Tools......................................................................177
5.3.1 Amendments or Adjustments to Existing Land Development
'
Ordinances.........................................................................................177
5.3.2 Capital Improvements..........................................................................178
5.4 Implementation Plan and Schedule...................................................................178
'
5.4.1 Pasquotank County.............................................................................178
A. Public Water Access Implementation Actions.................................178
B. Land Use Compatibility Implementation Actions.............................179
C. Infrastructure Carrying Capacity Implementation Actions................179
D. Natural Hazard Areas Implementation Actions................................180
E. Water Quality Implementation Actions............................................180
F. Areas of Environmental Concern Implementation Actions...............181
G. Areas of Local Concern Implementation Actions.............................181
5.4.2 Elizabeth City.......................................................................................181
A. Public Water Access Implementation Actions......181
'
B. Land Use Compatibility Implementation Actions .............................181
C. Infrastructure Carrying Capacity Implementation Actions................181
I
D. Water Quality Implementation Actions............................................182
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E. Areas of Local Concern Implementation Actions.............................183
5.5 Description of Public Participation Activities to Assist in Monitoring Plan
Implementation.................................................................................................184
APPENDICES
AppendixA............................................................................................................................185
Indexof Data Sources.................................................................................................185
AppendixB............................................................................................................................187
HousingUnits by Type................................................................................................187
AppendixC............................................................................................................................188
Summary of Land Use and Development Issues from the 1994 Elizabeth City and 1996
Pasquotank County CAMA Land Use Plans................................................................188
AppendixD............................................................................................................................191
SoilCharacteristics......................................................................................................191
AppendixE............................................................................................................................192
Maps and Data Available at the Pasquotank County and Elizabeth City Planning
Departments................................................................................................................192
AppendixF............................................................................................................................193
Water Quality Classifications in Pasquotank County...................................................193
AppendixG............................................................................................................................194
Natural Area and Rare Species Inventory ...................................................................194
AppendixH............................................................................................................................202
Outcommuting Patterns...............................................................................................202
IncommutingPatterns.................................................................................................203
Historical Commuting Patterns....................................................................................204
AppendixI.............................................................................................................................205
Evaluation of 1994 Elizabeth City and 1996 Pasquotank County CAMA Land Use Plan
Policies and Implementation Strategies.......................................................................205
AppendixJ............................................................................................................................239
Existing Public Water Access Sites and Private Marinas.............................................239
AppendixK............................................................................................................................241
Goals and Objectives from the 1996 Pasquotank County CAMA Land Use Plan and the
1994 Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan..................................................................241
AppendixL............................................................................................................................248
Coastal Resource Commission (CRC) Land Use Plan Management Topic Goals and
PlanningObjectives.....................................................................................................248
Impact of Policies on CRC Land Use Plan Management Topics...................................249
AppendixM...........................................................................................................................257
Citizen Participation Plan.............................................................................................257
AppendixN............................................................................................................................263
Halstead Boulevard Extension Overlay District Regulations........................................263
Appendix0............................................................................................................................269
Distribution of Acreage for Existing and Future Land Use Classifications ....................269
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1: General Location Map.............................................................................................10
Figure 2: Natural Features Map.............................................................................................58
Figure 3: Environmental Conditions Composite Map..............................................................63
Figure 4A: Pasquotank County Existing Land Use Map...........................................................75
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 6 of 270
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' Figure 4B: Elizabeth City Existing Land Use Map....................................................................78
Figure 4C: Elizabeth City Existing Historic Sites......................................................................79
' Figure 5A: Pasquotank County Water and Wastewater Systems Map...................................103
Figure 513: Elizabeth City Water and Wastewater Systems Map............................................104
Figure 6: Transportation Systems Map................................................................................108
' Figure 7A: Pasquotank County Stormwater Systems Map.....................................................116
Figure 713: Elizabeth City Stormwater Systems Map..............................................................117
Figure8: Land Suitability Map..............................................................................................125
Figure 9A: Pasquotank County Future Land Use Map...........................................................149
' Figure 913: Elizabeth City Future Land Use Map....................................................................159
'
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1
Population Size and Growth Rates............................................................................34
Table 2
Comparison of Population Growth Rates..................................................................35
'
Table 3
Population Size and Growth Rates............................................................................36
Table 4
Age Characteristics...................................................................................................36
Table 5
Distribution of Males and Females in the Total Population........................................37
'
Table 6
Race and Hispanic or Latino Origin...........................................................................37
Table 7
Components of Population Change Pasquotank County and North Carolina ............38
Table 8
Components of Population Change Selected Counties and North Carolina...............38
'
Table 9
Projected Components of Population Growth Selected Counties in the Region ........39
Table 10
Municipal Growth Selected Coastal Municipalities....................................................39
Table 11
Population Density Selected Coastal Communities..................................................40
Table 12
Projected Population Density...................................................................................41
'
Table 13
Comparison of Housing by Structural Type..............................................................41
Table 14
Residential Building Permits.....................................................................................42
'
Table 15
Table 16
Seasonal Housing....................................................................................................43
Employment and Wages by Sector Pasquotank County and the State Third Quarter 2003....45
Table 17
Insured Employment Pasquotank County.................................................................46
'
Table 18
Table 19
Pasquotank County's Largest Employers — Private Sector Only...............................47
Valuations and Tax Rates for 2002 - 2003...............................................................48
Table20
Commuting Patterns.................................................................................................48
'
Table 21
Table 22
Place of Work --Workers 16 years of age or older.....................................................49
Top 5 Destinations of Workers Commuting Out of Pasquotank County...................49
Table 23
Permanent Population Projections...........................................................................50
Table 24
Seasonal and Peak Population Estimates................................................................51
'
Table 25
Seasonal and Peak Population Projections..................................52
Table 26
North Carolina Water Quality Classifications . .............................55
Table 27
Use Support Ratings for Monitored and Evaluated Freshwater Streams ...................56
'
Table 28
Description of Hurricane Categories.........................................................................57
Table 29
Features Included in Environmental Conditions Land Classes.................................62
Table 30
General Characteristics of Sub-basins.....................................................................64
'
Table 31
Table 32
Land Cover within Sub-basins..................................................................................64
Hurricane and Tropical Storm Events 01/01/1950 to 02/29/2004..............................68
Table 33
Agricultural Profile....................................................................................................81
Table 34
Table 35
Land Area by Jurisdiction..........................................................................................83
Existing Land Use Calculations . .84
Table 36
Subdivision Lots Created/Building Permits Issued, 1996-2003.................................86
'
Table 37
General Characteristics of Watersheds....................................................................87
Pasquotank
County / Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 7 of
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Table 38
Land Needs Projections...........................................................................................92
Table 39
Future Water Supply Needs.....................................................................................99
Table 40
2001 Average Daily Traffic Major Thoroughfares...................................................107
Table 41
Land Suitability Model............................................................................................122
Table 42
Land Area within Land Suitability Classifications....................................................123
Table 43
Land Use Issues and Management Topics.............................................................128
Table 44
Land Use and Development Goals.........................................................................129
Table 45
Pasquotank County Land Use and Development Policies........................................129
Table 46
Elizabeth City Land Use and Development Policies.................................................133
Table 47
Impact of Local Policies on CRC Land Use Plan Management Topics ...................141
Table 48
Pasquotank County Future Land Use Plan Compatibility Matrix.............................150
Table 49
Elizabeth City Future Land Use Plan Compatibility Matrix......................................160
Table 50
Acreage by Land Suitability Rating.........................................................................166
Table 51
Future Land Use Map Calculations........................................................................168
Table 52
Comparison of Future Land Allocation with Projected Needs.................................169
Table 53
Estimated Utility demand at Buildout - Pasquotank County.....................................171
Table 54
Estimated Utility Demand at Buildout - Elizabeth City..............................................172
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 8 of 270
Table of Contents I

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SECTION I INTRODUCTION AND EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
-1
1.1 Purpose
Land development generally involves a'series of decisions by both private individuals and the
public sector. In order to promote the public interest in the land development process, the North
Carolina Coastal Area Management Act (CAMA) requires that local governments prepare, adopt,
and keep current a land use plan. The land use plan is intended to provide a framework that will
guide local governmental officials as they make day-to-day and long-range decisions that affect
land development. The land use plan will also be used by state and federal agencies in making
project consistency, project funding, and CAMA permit decisions. Section 4.3.5 provides specific
information concerning use of the Future Land Use Plan in guiding decisions about future
development.
CAMA regulations require that an update be made of land use plans every five years. The update
is designed to ensure that all current land development issues are reviewed and reflected in the
land use plan. Also, the Coastal Resources Commission (CRC) recently adopted revised
planning guidelines which include requirements not addressed in previous land use plans. The
land use plan update also provides an opportunity to evaluate the local government's policy
statements and to determine their effectiveness in implementing the land development objectives
of the community.
' The study area for this joint land use plan is Pasquotank County, including the corporate area of
the City of Elizabeth City and its extraterritorial planning and zoning jurisdiction (see Figure 1,
General Location Map). When this Plan references the term 'Planning Jurisdiction' it is referring
' to the area within which each unit of government has authority to administer and enforce zoning,
subdivision regulations, and other land development regulations. The Elizabeth City Planning
Jurisdiction includes the corporate limits of the City of Elizabeth City as well as the City's
extraterritorial area. The Pasquotank County Planning Jurisdiction includes the remainder of
' Pasquotank County not included in the Elizabeth City Planning Jurisdiction. The 2004
Pasquotank County/Elizabeth City Land Use Plan represents an update to the 1996 Pasquotank
County Land Use Plan and the Elizabeth City 1994 Land Use Plan. The plan includes both a
I
short term (5-10 year) and long term (20-year) evaluation of land use and land development.
Implementation activities are based upon a five-year action plan.
' The goals and objectives of the joint land use plan are to:
• Identify and analyze new and emerging land use issues and concerns.
' • Reexamine existing land use policies to determine their effectiveness.
• Revise existing land use policies and develop new policies that address
current land use and land development issues and concerns.
' • Reexamine the existing land use maps to determine what revisions are
necessary to address new land use issues and concerns as well as revised
and newly developed policy statements.
' • Further develop implementation strategies and an implementation
schedule.
• Promote a better understanding of the land use planning process.
• Promote citizen involvement in the process of preparing the joint plan.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 9 of 270
' Section I.- Introduction and Executive Summary

Figure 1: General Location Ma '
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Pasquotank County I Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 10 of 270
Section L• Introduction and Executive Summary I

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Management Act of 1972, as amended, which is administered by the Office of Ocean and
, __! Coastal Resource Management, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
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1 This 2004 Advanced Core Land Use Plan also focuses on several land use issues that are of
strategic importance to both Elizabeth City and Pasquotank County. These focal issues included:
' • Elizabeth City Downtown Waterfront area (see Section 3.3.1, D.)
• US 17 Bypass Corridor (see Section 3.4.3, D.)
' • Halstead Boulevard Corridor (see Section 3.4.3, E.)
• Joint implementation strategies regarding storm water management (see
Section 3.3.4, E.)
' • Joint implementation strategies regarding infrastructure planning (see
Section 3.4.5)
• Local watershed protection and restoration (see Section 3.3.5)
' 1.2 Overview of the Plan
' The Joint Pasquotank County/Elizabeth City Land Use Plan follows the methodology mandated
by the Division of Coastal Management in its Land Use Planning Guidelines (Subchapter 7B of
the North Carolina Administrative Code). This Plan is organized to adhere to the format outlined
in Subchapter 7B. In addition to requirements for land use plan format and content, the guidelines
' also require that the land use plan update process include a variety of educational efforts and
participatory techniques to assure that all segments of the community have a full and adequate
opportunity to participate in all stages of the preparation of the land use plan. A formal Citizen
' Participation Plan was developed to involve, inform and educate a broad cross-section of the
community's populace. Pasquotank County and the City of Elizabeth City implemented a
continuous citizen participation and education process that achieved these purposes.
' A Planning Committee representing a cross-section of the community was appointed to serve
as the body responsible for guiding the Joint Land Use Plan formulation effort. The Planning
' Committee served in a review and advisory capacity to the elected officials of Pasquotank
County and Elizabeth City and to the project planning consultant, The Wooten Company. The
Planning Committee met on a periodic basis with the planning consultant and local planning
' department staffs to assist the planning consultant in defining land use and development issues
and concerns, reviewing draft land use plan components prepared by the planning consultant,
providing recommendations regarding land use plan content, and providing general input. The
Planning Committee members kept their respective elected governing/appointed board apprised
' of their activities and progress through regular oral and/or written reports.
The public involvement activities undertaken during the preparation of this plan are described in
' the Citizen Participation Plan, a copy of which is provided in Appendix M. No written comments,
including comments regarding the review of the preliminary draft land use plan by adjoining
jurisdictions, were received by the Pasquotank County or Elizabeth City.
' Section I of the plan includes introductory material and an executive summary of the plan
document. It is possible that this section of the plan can be reformatted into a simplified brochure
' that could be utilized for general public informational purposes.
Section II of this land use plan involves an analysis of community concerns and aspirations in the
Pasquotank-Elizabeth City including existing and emerging conditions related to population,
economy, land use, water quality, and transportation. Key planning issues are identified in
Section II. These issues concern public access, land use suitability, infrastructure, natural
hazards, and water quality. How these issues are implicated with the future use of land is
Pasquotank County I Elizabeth City CA MA Land Use Plan Page 11 of 270
I
Section L- Introduction and Executive Summary

identified as well. A vision statement, included in Section II, sets the tone for the community's
goals and desires for the future.
Section III entails an analysis of existing and emerging conditions in the Pasquotank County area
including population, economic, natural systems, major community facilities, and land use as well
as an analysis of current plans and regulations that affect land use. Demographic, economic, and
land use trends are identified and their implications for the future use of land are analyzed.
Section III also provides an assessment of environmental conditions and trends as well as a land
suitability analysis. The analysis of land suitability is particularly useful in preparing the Future
Land Use Map and land development policies. Data utilized in the preparation of the land use
plan include local, state, and federal sources.
Through an analysis of existing and emerging conditions in Section III, an assessment of the
general suitability of land for development and a discussion of physical limitations for
development, fragile land and water areas, and areas with resource potential are provided. The
analysis of conditions is particularly useful in preparing the land classifications, goals and
objectives, and the Future Land Use Map which is discussed in Section IV. Section III also
contains an evaluation of the previous Land Use Plans policy statements and evaluates the
consistency of the policies with local land use and development ordinances. Action Plan
implementation techniques designed to address land development and growth management
issues are reviewed. The efficacy of the current policies in creating the desired land use patterns
and protecting natural systems is evaluated. The policy statements were developed based upon
the previously described analysis of existing conditions, land use trends, and constraints to land
development as well as citizen input obtained through the public participation process.
A plan for the future is developed in Section IV. Land use goals and objectives and development
policies are created as the basis of the plan. Consistency of the future policies and an analysis of
the impact of these policies on the management topics are provided in Section IV. A statement of
local support for Areas of Environmental Concern (AEC) expresses the intent of Pasquotank
County and Elizabeth City to develop in a manner that is cognizant of sensitive environmental
areas. The Future Land Use Map described in Section IV assists local planning officials in the
implementation of the land development policy statements. The Future Land Use Map provides a
basic framework for identifying the future use of land and illustrates the policies as to where and to
what density the community wants growth to occur. The Future Land Use Map also delineates
where the community wants to conserve natural and cultural resources. Section IV provides a
description of the land uses proposed within each future land use classification. The Future Land
Use Map presented in this section graphically illustrates the land classification system as applied
to the local planning jurisdictions. Section 4.3.5 provides specific information concerning use of
the Future Land Use Plan in guiding decisions about future development.
Tools for managing land development are outlined in Section V of the plan. A description of the
specific management tools that the communities will utilize to implement the plan are provided in
Section V as is a five-year implementation plan and schedule. This section of the plan also
includes a description of the public participation activities that will be used to monitor
implementation of the joint land use plan.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 12 of 270
Section L- Introduction and Executive Summary

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1.3 Executive Summary
1.3.1 Summary of Land Use Issues
The major land use and development issues identified during the preparation of this land
use plan update that will affect Elizabeth City and Pasquotank County during the next ten
year period include the following:
Public Access
• Providing for public water access to all segments of the community,
including persons with disabilities.
• Development of comprehensive policies that provide access opportunities
for the public along the shoreline within the planning jurisdiction.
Land Use Compatibility
• Establishment of local development policies that balance protection of
natural resources and fragile areas with economic development.
• Development of policies that provide clear direction to assist local
decision making and consistency findings for zoning, divisions of land,
and public and private projects.
• Compatibility of County land use regulations in future municipal utility
service areas.
Infrastructure Carrying Capacity
• Establishment of service area boundaries for existing and future
infrastructure.
• Development of infrastructure service policies and criteria consistent with
future land needs projections.
• Correlating Future Land Use Map categories with existing and planned
infrastructure such as water, sewer, and transportation facilities.
• Ensuring that public infrastructure systems are appropriately sized,
located, and managed so that the quality and productivity of AEC and
other fragile areas are protected or restored.
Natural Hazard Areas
• Development of policies that minimize threats to life, property, and natural
resources resulting from land development located in or adjacent to
hazard areas such as those subject to erosion, high winds, storm surge,
flooding, or sea level rise.
• Development of location, density, and intensity criteria for new, existing
development, and redevelopment (including public facilities and
infrastructure) to avoid or better withstand natural hazards.
• Ensuring that existing and planned development is coordinated with
existing and planned evacuation infrastructure.
Water Quality
Development of policies to prevent or control non -point source discharges
(sewage and storm water) such as impervious surface limits, vegetated
riparian buffers, wetlands protection, etc.
Establishment of policies and land use categories for protecting open
shell fishing waters and restoring closed shell fishing waters.
Paspotank County I Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 13 of 270
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• Adoption of policies for coastal waters within the planning jurisdiction to
help ensure that water quality is maintained if not impaired and improved
if impaired.
Areas of Local Concern
Establishment of land use and development policies that minimize
adverse impacts on Areas of Environmental Concern (AEC) and which
support overall CAMA goals.
Identify and address local concerns and issues, such as cultural and
historic areas, scenic areas, economic development, or general health
and human service needs
1.3.2 Summary of Data Collection and Analysis
The data analyzed in Section III were collected from a wide variety of sources (see
Appendix A, Index of Data Sources) including published documents, governmental and
private organizations, and individuals. Printed and digital map data were utilized in the
preparation of this section of the plan. The major conclusions resulting from the data
collection and analysis include:
Population
• In 2000, the total County population was 34,897. Elizabeth City's total
corporate population increased 20.3% from 1990-2000 to 17,188. The
County's population growth rate during the same period increased 11.5%
to 17,654. The statewide average was 21.4%. Approximately 75% of the
2000 total population was located within three of the six townships ---
Elizabeth City (35.0%), Nixonton (20.2%), and Providence (19.7%)
Townships. Township boundaries are delineated in Figure 1, General
Location Map.
• Projections indicate an increase in the total permanent County population
to 42,063 in 2010, 47,228 in 2020 and 51,611 in 2030. Within the
planning jurisdiction of Elizabeth City, permanent population is projected
to increase to 23,736 in 2010, 26,651 in 2020 and 29,124 in 2030.
Projections indicate that the population growth rate of Pasquotank County
and the entire state will slow over the next 25 years. Complete population
projections are provided in Section 3.1.4.
• Population growth will result in increased demand for additional goods,
services, and housing as well as public services —utilities, roads, schools,
police and fire protection, parks, etc. The expanding population growth
from southeastern Virginia is anticipated to continue.
Housing
• Between 1990 and 2000, the number of housing units increased over 16%
in Pasquotank County and Elizabeth City to a total of 14,289 dwelling units.
The majority of these housing units are located within Elizabeth City
• Single family detached homes are the predominate housing type in both
the County and the City. Elizabeth City being an urban area has a higher
percentage of multifamily housing units and a lower percentage of
manufactured housing than does Pasquotank County.
• Building permit data from 1996 to 2003 indicate that Pasquotank County
has averaged about 232 new residential dwellings per year with the
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 14 of 270
Section P Introduction and Executive Summary

P
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L
Economy
majority of the dwellings being manufactured homes. Data for Elizabeth
City during the same period show an annual average of some 91 new
residences per year.
• Elizabeth City has developed as an employment, retail trade, services,
governmental, and housing center for northeastern North Carolina. The
City's economy has traditionally been services -driven. According to state
figures, government employment accounts for approximately 35% of all
workers.
• Tourism is increasingly becoming an important part of the local economy.
* The unemployment rate for Pasquotank County in April 2004 was 3.3%
compared to the statewide rate of 5.0%.
• The average weekly wage for all workers in Pasquotank County was
$504 while the state average was $628.
• The 2000 US Census indicates that the majority of the County and City
workforce (workers 167 years and older) were employed within
Pasquotank County; 77.1 % and 76.8% respectively.
• In 2000, the US Census indicated that a small percentage, 13.0 percent
for Pasquotank County and 15.1 percent for Elizabeth City, worked
outside of Pasquotank County. Those who work outside the state of their
residence account for approximately 10 percent of the workforce of
Pasquotank County and approximately 8 percent of that of Elizabeth City.
• There has been a shift in destinations for Pasquotank County commuters
from the Hampton Roads area to the North Carolina counties surrounding
Pasquotank County. In 2000, approximately 57% of all workers
commuting outside of Pasquotank County went to other North Carolina
counties, while 39% traveled to the Hampton Roads area.
• The widening of US 17 to four lanes in Virginia is anticipated to increase
the commuting between Pasquotank County and the Hampton Roads
area, as well as the demand for housing.
Natural Constraints for Development
• Being coastal communities, Pasquotank County and Elizabeth City have
environmentally fragile areas that influence development. These areas
include floodplains, non -coastal wetlands, soils, storm surge, Areas of
Environmental Concern (AEC) and public water supply watersheds.
Based upon the environmental conditions assigned to each land class as
delineated on the Environmental Conditions Composite Map (Figure 2),
the majority (70%) of the land area in Pasquotank County falls into Class
II. This classification is for land that has moderate hazards and limitations
for development. Due to the limitations, land within the classification is
best suited for less intense development, such as low density residential
without a significant investment in public services. The soils with severe
limitations for septic systems can be mitigated in areas where public
sewer is available.
• Approximately 38% of the County's land area is located within a 100-year
floodplain. The largest, most significant floodplain areas are located
along the shoreline of the Albemarle Sound in the southern peninsula
area of the county.
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Section I: Introduction and Executive Summary

• Non -coastal wetlands (aka '404' wetlands) are found in the northwestern,
western, and south central portions of Pasquotank County and make up
approximately 29% of the County's land area.
• Generally, most of the soils in the County have substantial limitations for
septic tank and light industrial uses. Due to the wetness, low strength,
and restricted permeability, these soils have limitations for urban uses.
• Due to the low-lying nature of the region, approximately 46% of the
County's land area is subject to flooding from a storm surge of the most
intense storm intensity and speed.
• Approximately 15% of the County's total land area is encompassed in a
water supply watershed located in the northern portion of the County
along the Pasquotank River, north of Knobbs Creek (see Figure 2).
• The City of Elizabeth City no longer uses the Pasquotank River as a
water supply source and instead utilizes the wellfield in western Elizabeth
City. The wellfield contains 10 well sites that supply water to the City.
• Water quality is generally good within the Pasquotank River Basin. The
main water quality issue within the Pasquotank River Basin is habitat
degradation, including loss of riparian vegetation, channelization, and
erosion. The Little River is the only water body within Pasquotank County
not meeting water quality standards or which have impaired uses. There
are no productive shell fishing or primary nursery areas located in
Pasquotank County.
Identified Natural Heritage Areas within Pasquotank County are located in
the extreme northwest tip of the County (Great Dismal Swamp National
Wildlife Refuge) and in southern peninsula area of the county bordering
on the Albemarle Sound (particularly the Big Flatty Creek and Little Flatty
Creek areas).
Existing Land Use
• With the exception of Elizabeth City, the majority of developed land within
the County is located along the fringe of the City and the US 17 Business
corridor. Elsewhere, developed lands are comprised primarily of widely
scattered residential subdivisions and clusters of low density residential
development.
• The predominant land use in the County is single-family detached
dwellings and manufactured homes on individual lots.
• Agricultural land uses encompass approximately 45% of the total County
land area. Farmland is scattered throughout the County and developed
land uses are oftentimes randomly interspersed with agriculturally -used
tracts.
• Along the US 17 corridor is where the overwhelming majority of
commercial uses are found.
The largest institutional land use within the Pasquotank County planning
jurisdiction is the U.S. Coast Guard Base and the Elizabeth City-
Pasquotank County Regional Airport property located southeast of
Elizabeth City adjacent to NC Highway 34.
The largest concentration of industrial uses within the County's planning
jurisdiction is located in the Pasquotank County Commerce Park.
The majority of large agriculturally -used tracts are located in the west
central portion of the County.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 16 of 270
SectionI. Introduction and Executive Summary

• Approximately 50% of the County's land area is in forestry or
undeveloped and underdeveloped properties. Much of this land is within
' floodplains and wetlands areas.
• Elizabeth City is a diverse urban area that serves as a commercial,
governmental, and housing center for the region, and it contains a wide
' variety of developed land uses including several commercial marine
service businesses located along the Pasquotank River waterfront.
Residential uses are more varied and include a wider range of density
' types. The City also contains a higher intensity of nonresidential land
use.
• The predominant land use in the City is single-family detached dwellings
and multi -family units which comprise approximately 22% of the City's
total land area. The majority of the medium and high density residential
development is found surrounding the downtown area. Low density
residential land uses are found on the periphery of the medium and high
density residential area.
• In Elizabeth City, retail, personal services, and business services are
concentrated in the downtown area and adjacent to major highways.
Major retail shopping facilities are located in the western portion of the
City.
• Major institutional uses within the City jurisdiction include public facilities
' such as Elizabeth City State University, Albemarle Hospital, and College
of the Albemarle.
• The majority of the industrially -used land in the Elizabeth City planning
t jurisdiction is along Knobbs Creek Drive and the CSX Railroad.
• Large tracts of undeveloped and/or underdeveloped land exist in the
northeastern and northwestern portions of the City and along the
' southern fringe of the ETJ. Much of the undeveloped land is located
within floodplain and wetland areas.
• Elizabeth City contains five designated historic districts.
' • Projections indicate that some 2,100 acres of additional residential land will
be needed in Elizabeth City and 3,300 acres in the County's jurisdiction to
accommodate the anticipated growth through 2020.
' Community Facilities
• Three separate water supply systems operate within Pasquotank County.
These systems include the City of Elizabeth City municipal water system,
' the Pasquotank County water system, and the South Mills Water
Association.
• The City's existing water treatment plant was originally built in 1926 and
' has been modernized and upgraded throughout the years. This facility
can not meet the intended design capacity due to the need of filter media
replacement and has a limited capacity to serve the projected growth.
' • The County's water supply and treatment facilities are adequate to meet
current and future demand. Anticipated growth areas can be served by
the existing facilities.
' • The South Mills Water Association provides water service to customers in
the northwest corner of Pasquotank County.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 17 of 270
' Section L• Introduction and Executive Summary

• Wastewater treatment systems within Pasquotank County include the City
of Elizabeth City municipal wastewater system and the Pasquotank
County wastewater system.
• The City's existing wastewater treatment plant design capacity will meet
current and future demands.
• Pasquotank County currently operates a wastewater treatment facility
located on Northside Road. Plans are to tie this system to the Elizabeth
City sewer system.
• The County's wastewater treatment facility may be abandoned if sufficient
capacity is obtained from Elizabeth City.
• In 1988, a Thoroughfare Plan was adopted for Elizabeth City. NCDOT
prepared existing and projected population and employment prediction in
1997 to aid in traffic forecasting. Pasquotank County has not yet
prepared a thoroughfare plan.
• In 2003, when the US Highway 17 By -Pass was completed it satisfied the
need for a controlled access and improving traffic conditions around the
Elizabeth City area.
• Halstead Boulevard has been extended out to connect with the US 17 By -
Pass. This completion further improved access to the City and provided
opportunities for altering the existing land use patterns of the area.
• The City has four primary drainage basins which flow, or are pumped into,
the Pasquotank River. To address excessive flooding conditions, the City
has two pumping stations in the downtown area. The City currently lacks a
master drainage plan.
• The County has drainage problems stemming from lack of maintenance
over the years. The drainage channels need to be cleared of fallen debris
and sediments.
Land Suitability
• A land suitability analysis was prepared to determine the supply of land
suited for development based upon the following considerations: natural
system constraints; compatibility with existing land uses and development
patterns; existing land use and development criteria of local, state, and
federal agencies; and availability and capacity of water, sewer, storm
water management facilities, and transportation systems.
• The primary purpose of the land suitability analysis is to provide local
governments with information• regarding the best areas for development in
order to guide the formulation of policies and the preparation of the Future
Land Use Map.
• The Land Suitability Map (see Figure 8) classifies land as High Suitability,
Medium Suitability, Low Suitability, and Least Suitable. In general,
approximately 63 percent of Pasquotank County is within the higher
suitability ratings (High and Medium Suitability).
• In general, the areas with the higher suitability ratings are located within
the Elizabeth City urban area; along the US Highway 17 Business, US
Highway 158, and NC Highway 34 corridors; and in areas where public
water and/or sewer services are available. Lower suitability ratings are
found in areas subject to flooding, wetlands areas, and areas without
public utilities.
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Section I. Introduction and Executive Summary

A considerable number of vacant/under-utilized tracts are located within
the areas with the higher suitability ratings. Large amounts of acreage
' currently used for agricultural and/or forestry purposes are also located
within the high and medium suitability classified areas.
' 1.3.3 Summary of Policy Statements
The formulation of land use and development policies is based upon a review and
analysis of policy statements contained in the 1994 Elizabeth City and the 1996
' Pasquotank County CAMA Land Use Plans (see Appendix I for a summary of policies
from these plans); an evaluation of identified concerns and aspirations (Section II) and
the needs and opportunities identified in the analysis of existing and emerging conditions
(Section III); input from the Joint Land Use Plan Committee, local planning boards, and
' elected officials; and input obtained through citizen participation efforts including public
informational meetings, public forums, and Joint Land Use Plan Committee meetings.
' Updated policy statements, which are outlined in Section 4.2, have been formulated which
address the following topics:
' • Public access to public trust waters
• Land use compatibility
• Infrastructure carrying capacity
' • Natural hazard areas
• Water quality
• Areas of environmental concern
• Areas of local concern
Pasquotank County and Elizabeth City support state and federal law regarding land use
' and development in Areas of Environmental Concern (AEC). Specific policy statements
have been developed that support the general use standards of the North Carolina
Administrative Code (15 NCAC 7H) for development within the estuarine system. No
t policy statements have been developed which exceed the requirements of state and
federal regarding land use and development within AECS.
1.3.4 Summary of Future Land Use Projections
The Future Land Use Map (Figure 9A) for the County's planning jurisdiction
encompasses all of Pasquotank County outside of the Elizabeth City corporate limits and
extraterritorial planning jurisdiction. The County Future Land Use Map classifications
' include the following categories and subcategories:
• Agricultural
' • Conservation/Open Space
• Residential
o Rural Agricultural
o Low Density Residential
o Medium/High Density Residential
o Mixed Residential
• Commercial
• Mixed Use
• Industrial
' • Public and Institutional
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' Section L• Introduction and Executive Summary

Generally, growth and development is expected to occur in the areas classified as
Residential, Public and Institutional, Commercial, Mixed Use, and Industrial. Areas
classified as Agriculture and Conservation/Open Space are not projected to
accommodate significant growth and development. The type and intensity of projected
development varies within each Future Land Use Map classification.
Pasquotank County Future Land Use Classifications
Agricultural Classification. Agricultural classified land is estimated to encompass
approximately 20% of the total County land area.
The Agriculture classification is intended to delineate lands primarily devoted to active
agricultural and forestry land uses. However, this classification may also include some
low intensity public and institutional land uses that support rural land uses. Long-term,
the Agricultural —classified areas are not projected to develop into residential uses. The
intensity of support nonresidential uses, such as agribusinesses, in the Agricultural
classified areas are projected to average approximately one establishment per 257
acres.
Conservation/Open Space Classification. Conservation/Open Space areas include
coastal wetlands, estuarine waters, estuarine shoreline, public trust areas, and non -
coastal ('404') wetlands. Conservation/Open Space classified land is estimated to
encompass approximately 6% of the total County land area.
The Conservation/Open Space classification is intended to delineate areas where
traditional land uses are not desirable or expected to develop. Land development may,
include public building and facilities necessary to support existing land uses within the
areas classified as Conservation/Open Space.
Rural Agricultural Classification. The Rural Agricultural classification constitutes the
majority of land area, approximately 54%, within the County's planning jurisdiction. The
Rural Agricultural classification is intended to delineate lands where the predominant
land use is scattered, very low -density residences dispersed among farmland and open
spaces. The residential density within this classification is generally one dwelling unit or
less per acre.
Low Density Residential Classification. The Low Density Residential classification
encompasses approximately 4% of the total County land area. The Low Density
Residential classification is intended to delineate lands where the predominant land use
is low -density residences, one dwelling unit per acre, particularly properties with
waterfront access and areas where public water service is readily available.
Medium/High Density Residential Classification. The Medium/High Density
Residential classification encompasses about 0.3% of the total County land area. The
Medium/High Density Residential classification is intended to delineate lands where the
predominant land use is higher density single-family residential developments and/or
multifamily developments. Long-term, the Medium/High Density Residential classified
areas are projected to develop at average densities of approximately four dwelling units
per acre.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 20 of 270
Section I.• Introduction and Executive Summary

Mixed Residential Classification. The Mixed Residential classification encompasses
approximately 6% of the total County land area. The Mixed Residential classification is
' intended to delineate lands where there is a variety of residential densities and building
types within the same development. Traditional residential development with consistent
densities and similar building types are encouraged in this classification as well. These
' areas are projected to develop at average densities of approximately two dwelling units
per acre. The Mixed Residential areas are anticipated to accommodate the majority of
future residential growth.
' Commercial Classification. The Commercial classification encompasses about 2% of
the total County land area. The Commercial classification is intended to delineate lands
that can accommodate a wide range of retail, wholesale, office, business services, and
' personal services. Areas classified as Commercial may also include some heavy
commercial uses, light manufacturing and warehousing uses as well as intensive public
and institutional land uses. Generally, the density of commercial development is
projected to average one commercial establishment per two acres.
Mixed Use Classification. The Mixed Use classification encompasses just less than
' 1 % of the total County land area. The Mixed Use classification is intended to delineate
lands, in areas where there is no established urban land use pattern, that can
accommodate traditional residential, general commercial, and support institutional land
' uses or a mixture of these land uses in a single development. The residential density
within this classification ranges from low (one dwelling per acre) to high density (8 to 12
dwellings per acre). Residential building types encouraged within this classification
include single-family detached and attached dwellings, duplexes, and multifamily
tdwellings. Commercial uses include a variety of retail, wholesale, office, business
services, and personal services. Generally, the density of commercial development is
projected to average one commercial establishment per acre.
tMixed Use classified areas designate properties that are suitable for multiple land uses.
The areas identified as Mixed Use are potential growth areas that may develop primarily
' as one use type or may evolve into multi -use areas. Public and institutional land uses
that support and that are compatible with this type of mixed development are also
encouraged.
' Industrial Classification. The Industrial classification encompasses approximately 5%
of the County land area. The Industrial classification is intended to delineate lands that
' can accommodate industrial and manufacturing establishments. Some heavy
commercial uses as well as services and businesses which support industrial land uses
are also appropriate land uses within the Industrial classification. Generally; the intensity
' of industrial development is projected to average one industrial establishment per twenty
acres.
Public and Institutional Classification. The Public and Institutional classification
encompasses approximately 1 % of the total County land area. The Public and
Institutional classification is intended to delineate large land areas that are used for
intensive public purposes. Land uses within this classification include primarily
' government buildings and facilities, public recreational facilities, schools, and large
private institutional uses. Generally, the intensity of development is expected to average
one public or institutional use per ten acres.
1
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 21 of 270
I
Section L Introduction and Executive Summary

Elizabeth City Future Land Use Map Classifications
The Future Land Use Map for the Elizabeth City planning jurisdiction (Figure 9B)
encompasses the Elizabeth City corporate limits and the City's extraterritorial planning
and zoning jurisdiction. With the approval of the County Board of Commissioners,
Elizabeth City may exercise its planning and jurisdictional powers in an area which does
not exceed two miles past the City limits. At the present time, the ETJ extends
approximately one mile past the City Limits. The City's Future Land Use Map
classifications include the following categories and subcategories:
• Residential
o Low Density Residential
o Medium/High Density Residential
• Commercial
o General Commercial
o Downtown Mixed Use
o Mixed Use
• Public and Institutional
• Industrial
• Conservation/Open Space
Generally, growth and land development is anticipated to occur in all future land use
categories except for the Conservation/Open Space classification. The type and
intensity of projected development varies within each Future Land Use Map
classification. The Future Land Use Map classifications are considered part of the Land
Use Plan's policy.
Low Density Residential Classification. The Low Density Residential classification
encompasses about 27% of the total City planning jurisdiction. The Low Density
Residential classification is intended to delineate lands where the predominant land use
is low density detached residences. The residential density within this classification is
generally two to four dwelling units per acre. Single-family detached residences on
individual lots are the predominant types of dwellings within these areas manufactured
homes are also found in this classification.
Medium/High Density Residential Classification. The Medium/High Density
Residential classification encompasses approximately 19% of the total City planning
jurisdiction. The Medium/High Density Residential classification is intended to delineate
lands where the predominant land use is higher density single family residential
developments and/or multifamily developments. Some manufactured home parks are
also located with this classification. The residential density in this classification ranges
from approximately four to seven single family homes per acre with the multi -family
density ranging from 12 to 25 units per acre.
General Commercial Classification. The General Commercial classification
encompasses about 14% of the total City planning jurisdiction. The General Commercial
classification is intended to delineate lands that can accommodate a wide range of retail,
wholesale, office, business services, and personal services. Areas classified as General
Commercial may also include some heavy commercial uses, light manufacturing and
warehousing uses as well as intensive public and institutional land uses. Generally, the
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 22 of 270
Section L- Introduction and Executive Summary

1
density of commercial development is projected to average one commercial
establishment per acre.
Downtown Mixed Use Classification. The Downtown Mixed Use classification
encompasses approximately 1 % of the total City planning jurisdiction. The Downtown
Mixed Use classification is intended to delineate properties that can accommodate a
variety of retail, office, business services, and personal services. Areas classified as
Downtown Mixed Use may also include medium and high density residential and public
and institutional land uses, particularly government buildings and facilities. The
Downtown Mixed Use classification also specifically includes waterfront tourist -oriented
land uses. Generally, the density of commercial development in Mixed Use -designated
areas is projected to average ten commercial establishments per acre and 20 residential
dwelling units per acre
Mixed Use Classification. The Mixed Use classification encompasses approximately
8% of the total City planning jurisdiction. The Mixed Use classification is intended to
delineate lands, in areas where there is no established urban land use pattern, that can
accommodate a variety of residential, general commercial, and support institutional land
uses or a mixture of these land uses within a single development. Land uses within the
Mixed Use designated areas are generally compatible with the medium/high residential
and business zoning designations. Generally, the density of development in the Mixed
Use designated areas is projected to average one to three commercial establishments
per acre and up to 30 dwelling units per acre with an average of approximately 10
dwelling units per acre.
Public and Institutional Classification. The Public and Institutional classification
encompasses about 9% of the total City planning jurisdictional area. The Public and
Institutional classification is intended to delineate large land areas that are used for
intensive public and educational purposes. Land uses within this classification include
primarily government buildings and service facilities, cemeteries, public and private
educational facilities, large medical facilities, and large private institutional uses.
Generally, the intensity of development is expected to average one public or institutional
use per five acres.
Industrial Classification. The Industrial classification encompasses approximately 4%
of the total City planning jurisdiction. The Industrial classification is intended to delineate
lands that can accommodate industrial and manufacturing establishments. Some heavy
commercial uses as well as services and businesses which support industrial land uses
are also appropriate land uses within the Industrial classification. Generally, the intensity
of industrial development is projected to average one industrial establishment per three
acres.
Conservation/Open Space Classification. The Conservation/Open Space
classification encompasses approximately 18% of the total City planning jurisdictional
area. Conservation/Open Space areas are scattered throughout the Elizabeth City
jurisdiction and include parks, coastal wetlands, estuarine waters, estuarine shoreline,
public trust waters, and non -coastal ('404') wetlands.
The Conservation/Open Space classification is intended to provide long-term
management and protection of significant, limited, or irreplaceable areas and open
space. To conserve the natural, cultural, recreational, scenic or biologically productive
Pasquotank County / Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 23 of 270
Section I. Introduction and Executive Summary

values of these areas, proper land management is required. Land development, except
extremely low -density residential development, open space, and park facilities, is not
desirable, nor expected to develop. Land development may, however, include public
building and facilities necessary to support existing land uses within the areas classified
as Conservation/Open Space. Due to the environmental constraints, it anticipated that
residential development will be at a density of approximately one home per five acres
unless a larger lot is required to meet health department septic and/or well regulations.
Summary
The land use patterns depicted on the Future Land Use Map are consistent with the
analysis of natural systems and the analysis of land suitability. The Future Land Use
Map depicts very generalized patterns of projected land use. The intent of the map is to
illustrate a typical pattern of use for a general area and not the specific use of an
individual parcel. The Future Land Use Map is not intended for site -specific land
planning or for regulatory purposes.
The northern, northwestern, central, and southwestern portions of the Elizabeth City
jurisdiction contain some type of natural constraint, primarily floodplains and wetlands.
The majority of such areas are designated on the Future Land Use Map as
Conservation/Open Space. Major areas with significant natural constraints and low
suitability ratings within the Pasquotank County jurisdiction are designated as
Conservation/Open Space on the Future Land Use Map. Examples of such areas
include the Dismal Swamp National Refuge in the northwestern corner of the County
and the area along the Pasquotank River in the northern section of the County. Other
areas with significant natural constraints and low suitability ratings are designated on the
Future Land Use Map for low intensity land uses such as those anticipated to occur in
the Agricultural, Rural Agricultural, and Low Density Residential classifications.
1.3.5 Summary of Implementation Strategies
The Joint Land Use Plan was developed as a guiding tool for land use, land
development, and long range planning for elected officials and the general public. —Every
land use policy decision, such as a rezoning request or approval of a conditional or
special use permit, will be measured for consistency with the goals, policies, and
recommendations of the Plan.
To aide implementing the Land Use Plan, Elizabeth City and Pasquotank County will
evaluate the current regulatory tools to eliminate inconsistencies. During the process,
the land development ordinance and regulations will be amended, joint task forces will
be created and studies will be performed. Anticipated amendments and regulations
include:
Amendments to the Pasquotank County Zoning Ordinance and
Subdivision Ordinance to craft standards for the variety of residential
densities and building types and the mixtures of land uses envisioned in
the 'Mixed Residential' and 'Mixed Use' classifications as delineated in
Section 4.3.1 (C) and (E); to develop alternative land development
techniques such as clustering and open space subdivisions to ensure
compatible land uses; to develop site plan standards for multi -family, and
non-residential developments.
The County will pursue the funding for the development and
implementation of a waterfront access plan. The County will develop and
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 24 of 270
Section I. Introduction and Executive Summary I

' coordinate a countywide storm water management plan with the City.
The plan will include requirements for riparian buffers and reducing
impervious surfaces.
Amendments to the Elizabeth City UDO include developing alternative
land development techniques to mitigate the impacts of high intensity
' developments on surrounding land uses; the creation of overlay districts
for the waterfront and downtown areas; and the implementation of
conditional zoning, and require major residential subdivisions to dedicate
public access to public trust waters.
' . To advance in preserving water quality, consider amendments to the
UDO to reduce impervious areas within developments; establish
vegetative buffers along wetlands, streams, estuarine shorelines and
' major drainage ditches; encourage alternative storm water management
techniques; and develop standards for open space subdivisions.
• The City will pursue the approval and implementation of the Waterfront
Master Plan; develop a greenway master plan; seek funding and land
acquisition for an open space/greenway system; coordinate with NCDOT
to update the Thoroughfare Plan, and continue the City/County joint
' efforts on developing a Conference Center in the downtown area.
• Establish joint tasks forces with the City and County to develop
coordinated land use and development regulations for an aviation center
' proximate, to the Elizabeth City Regional Airport; to put into effect a
regional storm water plan; to delineate utility service area boundaries; to
establish coordinated land use and development regulations for areas of
' common interest such as the extraterritorial planning area, municipal utility
service areas and airport land use regulations.
To meet future demands, Elizabeth City's major capital improvements include the
' expansion of the raw water supply, upgrading existing lines, repair and replacement of
sewer lines and pump stations, and the extension of sewer services. Pasquotank
County's planned capital improvements include the construction of a reverse osmosis
' water treatment facility, extension of water services, and tying into the City's wastewater
treatment plant. The City and County will implement recommendations within the
Comprehensive Parks and Recreation Master Plan including the development of two
sports complexes.
Pasquotank County and Elizabeth City will ensure a continuous planning process by
conducting periodic reviews of the Land Use Plan's policies and implementation
strategies. This review will be the responsibility of their respective Planning
Departments and Planning Boards who will coordinate such reviews with the applicable
elected officials.
0
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 25 of 270
Section L• Introduction and Executive Summary

SECTION II COMMUNITY CONCERNS AND ASPIRATIONS 11
This section of the Plan is organized in accordance with the requirements of Subchapter 713
.0702(b). Section II includes a description of the dominant growth -related conditions that
influence land use, development, water quality, and other environmental concerns within
Pasquotank County and Elizabeth City. Descriptions of the land use and development topics
most important to the future of the County and City as well as a community vision statement are
also provided in Section II.
2.1 Significant Existing and Emerging Conditions
2.1.1 Land Use
A. General County Growth Trends
The majority of the developed land within the Pasquotank County planning
jurisdiction is located on the fringe of Elizabeth City and along the major road
corridors that radiate from the Elizabeth City urban area. Major concentrations of
developed uses are located northwest of Elizabeth City along the US 17 North
Business and Main Street Extension corridors and southwest of Elizabeth City along
the US 17 South corridor and in the Mt. Hermon area. Much of the County's future
intensive growth is anticipated along the recently completed Halstead Boulevard
Connector and within the general area formed by the US 17 Bypass, US 17 North
Business, and the Halstead Boulevard Connector.
B. General Municipal Growth Trends
Elizabeth City, being a commercial, governmental, and housing center for the region,
contains a wide variety of developed land uses. Residential uses are more varied
and include a wider range of density types. The City also contains a higher intensity
of nonresidential land use. The majority of Elizabeth City's population growth since
1990 has resulted from annexation. The City's corporate land area increased from
4.5 square miles in 1990 to 8.9 square miles in 2002. The City continuously
evaluates the feasibility of the annexation of urban development on the
unincorporated periphery of Elizabeth City. The City also has a desire to ensure that
land development patterns occurring on the fringe of Elizabeth City are consistent
with its land use, zoning, street planning, and utility service goals and objectives. To
facilitate orderly and compatible growth and development and the provision of
efficient water, sewer, and streets on the Elizabeth City's fringe, the City has an
interest in expanding its extraterritorial planning and zoning jurisdiction to more
closely match its future urban growth and utilities service areas. Within the Elizabeth
City planning jurisdiction, the northwestern, western, and southwestern fringes of the
current corporate area are expected to experience the majority of the new
development within the next five to ten years.
C. Urban Development Impacts
Unplanned and indiscriminate development can threaten the basic fabric of a
community. This type of development undermines the ability of the natural
environment to support man's activities. Urban sprawl indiscriminately consumes
productive farm land and open space and results in a burden on public services and
facilities. Pasquotank County and the City of Elizabeth City must cooperate and
coordinate their efforts to guide land development to the most appropriate locations,
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 26 of 270
Section IIL• Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

' provide efficient public services, avoid duplication of services, and promote desirable
land development that is in harmony with the character of the community.
' D. Land Suitability and Natural Constraints on Development
Most property in Pasquotank County has significant soil limitations for septic tank
' drainfields due to the high clay content of the soil and the high water table. Also,
approximately 38% of the land area in the County lies within a floodplain designation
based on Flood Insurance Rate Maps prepared by FEMA. Similar to Pasquotank
County, Elizabeth City also has significant soil limitations for septic systems with
' approximately 75% "of the City's soils being unsuitable for septic systems.
Approximately 40% of Elizabeth City's land area lies with a floodplain designation.
' E. Waterfront and Estuarine Access
Private development directly adjacent to waterways is a popular development trend.
Given that waterfront property is a finite resource and that future populations will
' demand more water access, it is imperative that the community plan for a balance of
public and private water access. The development of a comprehensive public water
access plan can assist in evaluating access needs, opportunities, and
' implementation strategies.
F. Redevelopment
' A number of low-income City and County residents live in areas which have
substandard housing and community services. The City and County have obtained
grant funds to rehabilitate deteriorated housing and improve public services in some
low-income areas. Additional redevelopment efforts are needed to address other
' existing substandard housing and infrastructure conditions.
2.1.2 Economic Conditions
A. General Economic Conditions
Elizabeth City is the employment, services, governmental, and housing center for the
northeastern portion of North Carolina. The Pasquotank County economy is driven
' by retail trade, services, manufacturing, and government jobs. Tourism is an
increasingly important component of the local economy. Growth in the Chesapeake-
Portsmouth- Norfolk area, coupled with highway improvements linking Virginia and
' North Carolina, is expected to have a `spill -over' effect on all of Pasquotank County.
B. Population Growth
' From 1990 to 2000, the total population growth for Pasquotank increased 11.5% to a
total population of 34,897. The Elizabeth City corporate portion of the population
was 17,188, a 20.3% increase. These growth rates are about average when
' compared to other coastal communities. The statewide average during this period
was an increase of 21.4%. The 2002 State certified total population estimate for the
County is 35,816 with 17,490 residents located within the Elizabeth City corporate
limits, 48.8% of the total population. The state certified projections reflect an
' increase in the County population to 36,432 in 2003, 42,062 in 2010, and 47,228 in
2020. By 2010, the corporate Elizabeth City population is expected to be 20,821 and
23,378 in 2020.
The increase in the County population is due more to migration than by a natural
increase while the majority of the City's grown rate is due to annexations. Reflective
Pasquotank County / Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 27 of 270
' Section III: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

of the statewide growth trends, the County's population growth rate is projected to
decline each decade through 2030.
Population growth will result in increased demand for additional goods, services, and
housing as well as public services —utilities, roads, schools, police and fire
protection, parks, etc. The expanding population growth from southeastern Virginia
is anticipated to continue.
C. Industrial and Economic Development
Portions of the Pasquotank County Commerce Park, located in the southeast corner
of the US 17 Bypass and US 17 Business intersection, in the Providence Township
have been developed with water and sewer provided. The 5200-acreTanglewood
Mega Site is a planned industrial/commercial development on the west side of the
US Highway 17 Bypass in the vicinity of the Halstead Boulevard Connector. Two
commercial parks are also being developed in the Mount Hermon Township just off
of US Highway 17 South. Along the Halstead Boulevard Connector, the Tanglewood
site is planned for commercial and residential development. Approximately 205
acres of the Tanglewood site have been annexed to the City. A thrust of
commercial/retail activity has recently started on the Halstead Boulevard Connector,
which is expected to continue over the next decade. Other land within the
unincorporated limits of the County may be suitable for industrial development where
sufficient potable water and adequate sewage treatment can be provided or
extended to commercial and industrial developments. Protection of such areas from
encroachment by competing land uses will be necessary.
D. Downtown Revitalization and Waterfront Development
Elizabeth City has recently completed a Waterfront Master Plan and has completed
the initial phases of streetscape improvements. Downtown rejuvenation and
waterfront development will be important economic asset to the community. An
effort is underway to attract interest in the construction of a hotel and conference
facility.
Waterfront residential subdivisions in the Pasquotank County jurisdiction have
occurred primarily in the southern peninsula along the Pasquotank and Little Rivers.
E. Fiscal/Capital Improvements Programming
Pasquotank County and Elizabeth City are facing new and greater demands which
warrant sound fiscal management and capital improvements programming.
Economic development will be halted if the community is unable to fund police, fire
and emergency services, construct new schools, extend water and sewer lines, and
provide for solid waste disposal. Balancing growth and the provision of public
services and facilities is an important objective for both the County and City.
2.1.3 Transportation
A. Completion of the US Highway 17 Bypass
The US 17 Bypass, located on the west side of Elizabeth City, was completed in
December 2002. This new, controlled -access thoroughfare not only provides for the
more efficient movement of through traffic but also creates opportunities for vehicular
access to undeveloped and/or underdeveloped tracts of land.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 28 of270
Section III: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

B. Halstead Boulevard Connector
The Halstead Boulevard Connector opened to traffic in May 2004. This approximate
' 3.6-mile roadway connects the US Highway 17 Bypass with Elizabeth City at Hughes
Boulevard. This new roadway provides a unique opportunity to create an efficient
and attractive gateway into Elizabeth City. Much concern has been expressed
regarding the need for Pasquotank County and Elizabeth City to work together to
create a comprehensive zoning plan and development guidelines concerning
landscaping, signage, driveway connections, and site development to ensure that
this corridor is an efficient and aesthetically pleasing entranceway into the
' community.
C. Safeguarding Highways by Controlling Access
t Widening roadways does not solve the root problem of roadway capacity
deterioration. As highway frontage is developed the proliferation of driveways
reduces the level of service. State roadways are vital economic arteries and the
' evacuation routes in the event of a disaster. Access management and land use
regulations can help to ensure development patterns compatible with roadway
capacity.
' 2.1.4 Infrastructure
A. Adequate Levels of Service
' The City and County provide public services and facilities that service existing and
new development. The community is blessed with a quality of life that includes a
number of outdoor recreational opportunities. These same opportunities attract
tourist and weekend visitors from other parts of North Carolina and Virginia. Growth
' demands can overtax the local governments' ability to provide services if allowed to
occur without consideration for the cost-effectiveness of providing services.
' B. Water and Sewer Utilities
Pasquotank County is currently seeking funding and state approval of a discharge
permit for a 1.0 MGD reverse osmosis filtration plant to be located in the vicinity of
' the Tanglewood Industrial Park. This filtration plant is also proposed to have an
expansion capacity to 5.0 MGD. Elizabeth City has recently invested $20 million to
improve its water and wastewater treatment facilities. However, the majority of the
' water distribution and sewer collection system is outdated and in need of
replacement. Substantial capital improvements are needed to rehabilitate the City's
utility system.
' 2.1.5 Water Quality
A. Potable Water Supply
' Potable water supplies need to be conserved in order to assure the availability for
future populations. At present, potable water is obtained from the groundwater
aquifer. While Elizabeth City, which is the largest supplier, has not used their
emergency intake located on the Pasquotank River in past years, state law required
' the passage of a watershed/water supply management plan and ordinance for
portions of Providence and Newland Townships which are within the Pasquotank
River watershed. Elizabeth City has recognized a need to seek an alternative source
' of raw water. The Public Works Director has recommended that the City consider the
construction of deep wells to allow for the implementation of a reverse osmosis
system.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 29 of 270
' Section 111.• Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

B. Storm Water Runoff
To assist with reducing the impact of Storm water runoff on water quality, Elizabeth
City adopted a Storm Water Management Ordinance in November 2001. The City is
in the process of developing a storm water management program and capital
improvements plan. Pasquotank County is currently seeking grant funds for the
development of a countywide drainage study and the establishment of water
management service districts throughout the County. Coordination of the City and
County storm water management efforts is essential to ensuring an effective storm
water management program.
2.1.6 Other Environmental Concerns
A. Cultural and Historical Resource Protection
The scope and importance of the colonial period in Pasquotank County is significant.
The North Carolina Division of Archives inventoried sites and structures statewide.
They have identified several of the sites which are located in unincorporated
Pasquotank County. These treasures need safeguarding from being destroyed by ill -
planned development. Knowledge concerning the importance of these features or
structures will help mitigate such future destruction if this knowledge is readily
available. The City of Elizabeth City contains five designated historic districts and
continues its commitment to the preservation of its many historic and cultural
resources. Currently there are no planned growth conditions which will impact the
cultural or historic resources within Elizabeth City.
B. Fragile Lands and Localized Resource Protection
Wetlands cover a significant portion of both Elizabeth City's and Pasquotank
County's land area and are habitat for important marine and wildlife species. Many
of the recreational and commercially important fish and shellfish species spend a
portion of their life cycle in the tributaries of the Little and Pasquotank Rivers with the
headwaters being the Dismal Swamp. The harvesting of these fish and shellfish add
to the local economies of the Albemarle region. Unfortunately, much of the
Pasquotank River and Little River have been closed to shell fishing for some time.
Activities associated with the development of land affect adjacent waterways and
wetlands directly and indirectly, often polluting the water. Regulation of land uses
and the land development practices adjacent to shell fishing areas is a particularly
important challenge. It is also important to minimize the direct destruction of the
remaining area of the Dismal Swamp and indirect pollution of all of the City and
County's wetlands found to be vital to the natural ecosystem.
C. Accessibility while Protecting Public Trust Waters
There are very few non -water dependent uses in public trust waters of Pasquotank
County and no floating home developments at present along the Albemarle Sound.
Marina development and the dry storage of boats have been occurring mostly in
Elizabeth City.
D. Storm Hazard Mitigation and Evacuation
Pasquotank County is a low-lying area with the potential for significant storm
damage. Hazard mitigation involves actions which would reduce the impact of any
disaster including evacuation and cleanup. Pasquotank County is currently
preparing a new mitigation plan for both the unincorporated portion of the County
and the City of Elizabeth City that is expected to be completed by November 2004.
Pasquotank County/Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 30 of 270
Section III.• Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

E. Manmade Hazards and Hazardous Waste Management
There are significant manmade hazards to the cultural and natural environment. The
most alarming are the threats to life and property posed by hazardous waste spills.
Hazardous waste spills are associated with the transportation and storage of
petrochemicals. As the community grows there will be more storage facilities and
their location needs to be regulated. The approach zones for flight operations at the
US Coast Guard Air Station are in the path of new development located in the
County. Elizabeth City and Pasquotank County have adopted an airport height
restriction ordinance to protect flight approaches to the airport. Regulating the types
of land uses developing in the vicinity of the airport will be necessary to ensure
development that is compatible with airport operations.
2.2 Key Planning Issues
2.2.1 Public Access
• Providing for public water access to all segments of the community,
including persons with disabilities.
• Development of comprehensive policies that provide access opportunities
for the public along the shoreline within the planning jurisdiction.
' 2.2.2 Land Use Compatibility
• Establishment of local development policies that balance protection of
natural resources and fragile areas with economic development.
' Development of policies that provide clear direction to assist local
decision making and consistency findings for zoning, divisions of land,
and public and private projects.
' Compatibility of County land use regulations in future municipal utility
service areas.
2.2.3 Infrastructure Carrying Capacity
• Establishment of service area boundaries for existing and future
infrastructure
• Development of infrastructure service policies and criteria consistent with
' future land needs projections
• Correlating Future Land Use Map categories with existing and planned
infrastructure such as water, sewer, and transportation facilities
' • Ensuring that public infrastructure systems are appropriately sized,
located, and managed so that the quality and productivity of AECS and
other fragile areas are protected or restored
2.2.4 Natural Hazard Areas
• Development of policies that minimize threats to life, property, and natural
' resources resulting from land development located in or adjacent to
hazard areas such as those subject to erosion, high winds, storm surge,
flooding, or sea level rise.
' • Development of location, density, and intensity criteria for new, existing
development, and redevelopment (including public facilities and
infrastructure) to avoid or better withstand natural hazards.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 31 of 270
' Section 111.• Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

• Ensuring that existing and planned development is coordinated with
existing and planned evacuation infrastructure.
2.2.5 Water Quality
• Development of policies to prevent or control nonpoint source discharges
(sewage and storm water) such as impervious surface limits, vegetated
riparian buffers, wetlands protection, etc.
• Establishment of policies and land use categories for protecting open
shell fishing waters and restoring closed shell fishing waters.
• Adoption of policies for coastal waters within the planning jurisdiction to
help ensure that water quality is maintained if not impaired and improved
if impaired.
2.2.6 Areas of Local Concern
• Establishment of land use and development policies that minimize
adverse impacts on Areas of Environmental Concern (AEC) and which
support overall CAMA goals.
• Identify and address local concerns and issues, such as cultural and
historic areas, scenic areas, economic development, or general health
and human service needs
Many of the important land use and land development issues delineated in this updated
Land Use Plan have also been identified in previous land use plans. A summary of the
land use and development issues contained in the previous Pasquotank County (1996)
and Elizabeth City (1994) Land Use Plans is provided in Appendix C.
2.3 Community Vision Statement
Located on the Pasquotank River, rich in history, tradition, natural resources and scenic beauty;
Pasquotank County and Elizabeth City provide an attractive living environment as well as
opportunities for economic prosperity. Home of a large US Coast Guard Base, a regional
medical facility, and a regional airport; closely situated to the NC Outer Banks and Southeastern
Virginia; these entities offer commercial, industrial and governmental employment opportunities;
professional and business services; historic, family and water -oriented recreational attractions;
and a variety of living accommodations that range from urban to farming communities.
Pasquotank County Officials and residents desire to maintain the `farming community' while
providing areas for occupational and residential development. Waterfront property, a valuable
asset to the County, is increasingly being developed to provide attractive/beautiful/desirous
neighborhoods that will preserve the wholesome quality of the community.
Elizabeth City Officials and residents desire to continue nurturing and developing the
community's tax base in order to maintain and expand services to its citizenry. Such
opportunities will encourage the expansion of economic development venues, continued
residential growth, and community vitality.
The policies set forth in this Land Use Plan will guide land use and development decisions that
will be made in the future by Pasquotank County and Elizabeth City. These policies will aid in
achieving balanced and environmentally responsible growth.
Pasquotank County I Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 32 of 270
Section III.• Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

SECTION III ANALYSIS OF EXISTING AND EMERGING CONDITIONS 11
This section of the Plan is organized in accordance with the requirements of Subchapter 7B
.0702(c). The purpose of this section is to provide a sound factual and analytical base to
support the land use and development policies formulated in this Plan. Specific elements of
Section III include:
• Population, housing, and economic analysis
• Natural systems analysis
• Environmental conditions analysis
• Land use and development analysis
• Community facilities analysis
• Land suitability analysis
• Review of the current CAMA Land Use Plans
3.1 Population, Housing, and Economy
An important component to land use planning is information regarding Pasquotank County and
Elizabeth City's permanent and seasonal population and the degree to which it will change
during the planning period. Population trend analysis provides information on expected impacts
on the area's natural resources and future infrastructure needs. Estimating demand for various
housing types and related land uses can be determined by analyzing the population age and
income characteristics.
3.1.1 Population Analysis
• Eighteen of the twenty counties under Coastal Area Management Act
(CAMA) regulation, including Pasquotank County, showed in increase in
population from 1990 to 2000. Two coastal counties lost population
(Bertie and Washington Counties) during this ten-year period.
Pasquotank was the eleventh fastest growing county of the 20 CAMA
Counties.
• The total Pasquotank County population in 1990 was 31,298 and
increased to 34,897 in 2000; Elizabeth City's corporate area population
was 14,292 in 1990 and 17,188 in 2000. The 2002 State certified
population estimate for the County is 35,816 and 17,490 for the Elizabeth
City corporate area. The certified 2003 Pasquotank County population
estimate is 36,432.
• The total 2000 Pasquotank County population is split almost evenly
between the Elizabeth City corporate area (49.4%) and the
unincorporated portion of the County (50.6%).
• Elizabeth City's total corporate population increased 20.3% from 1990 to
2000, while the population of the Elizabeth City Township decreased
4.22%. The County's population growth rate during the same time period
was 11.5%. The statewide average was 21.4%. The City's and County's
growth rates since 1990 are about average compared to other coastal
North Carolina communities.
• Approximately 75% of the 2000 total population was located within three
of the six townships --- Elizabeth City (35.0%), Nixonton (20.2%), and
Providence (19.7%) Townships.
• Between 1990 and 2000, the Pasquotank County townships that had the
highest growth rates were the Providence (40.0%), Nixonton (20.5%), and
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 33 of 270
' Section III: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

Mount Hermon (17.0%) Townships. The lowest growth rates were in the
Elizabeth City (-4.2%) and Salem (-0.99%) Townships.
• Between 1990 and 2000, Pasquotank County's total population increased
more by migration than by natural increase. The County's migration rate
of 8.0% was lower than the statewide rate of 15.1 %.
• The majority of Elizabeth City's growth since 1990 has resulted from
annexation.
• Pasquotank County's population density of 154 persons per square mile
in 2000 was considerably higher than surrounding counties but slightly
lower than the statewide average of 165 persons per square mile.
• Elizabeth City's 2000 population density of 1,923 persons per square mile
was higher than most major coastal communities.
• Projections indicate an increase in the total permanent County population
to 42,063 in 2010; 47,228 in 2020; and 51,611 by 2030. Elizabeth City's
corporate population is projected to increase to 20,821 in 2010; 23,378 in
2020; and 29,124 by 2030. Complete population projections are provided
in Section 3.1.4.
• Projections indicate that the population growth rate of Pasquotank County
and the entire state will slow over the next 25 years.
• Anticipated population growth will result in increased demand for
additional goods, services, and housing as well as public services —
utilities, roads, schools, police and fire protection, recreational facilities, etc.
• The proximity to employment centers in southeastern Virginia is expected
to increase commuting and thereby impact the traffic handling capacity of
major highways.
A. Population Growth Trends
While the populations of both the City of Elizabeth City and Pasquotank County have
increased since 1980, the County's rates of growth have been more consistent. The
City and the County have experienced growth rates that are below the statewide
average. In 2002, the municipal population of Elizabeth City, the only incorporated
municipality within Pasquotank County, comprised approximately 49% of the total
County population.
Sources: U.S. Census of Population, 1980-2000, NC State Data Center
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 34 of 270
Section III.• Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions I

1
The County's total population increased 11.5% from 1990 to 2000. Pasquotank
' County's growth rate during this period was higher than the neighboring counties of
Chowan and Perquimans but lower than that of Currituck, Camden, and Gates
Counties. During the same time period, Elizabeth City grew by 20.3%-a growth
' rate that was comparable to the statewide average of 21.4%. The following table
provides a comparison of the recent growth rates of Pasquotank County and
Elizabeth City with selected coastal counties and municipalities.
k
H
P
..� . i�i
Jurisdiction 1990 2000 Change % Change _
County
_._...._......._..._ _ ._._............ _...... __.._... - - -.._._..._.._...__.................... _....._. ... - .... ... - ..... .... --- ._...---- --_ - _
Camden Count 5,904 6,885 981 16.6%
_._._.._.__..._........_...........................
Chowan County
13,506
14,526
1,020
7.5%
Currituck County
13,736
18,190
4,454
32.4%
Gates County -_
_ 9,305
10,516
_�
_ _ 1,211
- - 13.0%
Pasquotank County
31,298
34,897
-_ 3,599
- 11.5%
Perquimans County
10,447
11,368
921
8.8%
Municipality ......_...._._..._..._..........._..._....._................
Elizabeth City _
_ _ 14,.292....
188
17, ...
2 896
_......___._.__ �
. 20.3%
Edenton
5,268
5,394
126
.................._.-
2.4%
.-._....._--- ..._...._...__...
Jacksonville
_ _........_..._._...._._..__.._.._....._...._......_....._._........_...._...__..__.........._
30,013
66,715
36,702
122.3%
Morehead City
6,046
7,691
_
1,645
27.2%
New Bern
17,363
23,128
5,765
33.2%
Washington
9,075
9,583
508
5.6%
Wilmington
55,530
75,838
_20,308
36.6%
North Carolina
6,628,637
8,049,313
1,420,676
21.4%
Source: US Census 2000
Within Pasquotank County, the Elizabeth City Township contains the largest
' proportion of the total County population (township boundaries are delineated in
Figure 1, General Location Map). Between 1990 and 2000, the fastest growing
townships were the Providence (40.0% increase) and Nixonton (20.5% increase)
' Townships. The townships with the lowest growth rates from 1990 to 2000 were the
Elizabeth City (4.22%) and Salem (-0.99%) Townships which actually lost
population during this time period.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 35 of 270
' Section III: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

S A -
Change
Percent
Percent
1990-
%
Township_
_ _1990�
of Total
_2000_
of Total
2000 _
Change
Elizabeth City _
12,759
_ 40 8%
12,220
35.0%
Mount Hermon_
4,340
13.9°_/0_
5,080
14.6%
740
17.05%
Newland_ —
2,046
— 6.5%
2,301
6.6%
_
255
! 12.46%
Nixonton
5,839
18.7%
7,035
20.2%
1,196
20.48%
Providence
4,903
15.7%
6,864
19.7%
1,961
40.00%
Salem
1,411
4.5%
1,397
4.0%
-14
-0.99%
Totals
31,298
100.0%
34,897
100.0%
1 3,599
11.50%
Source: US Census, 1990 and 2000.
B. Population Characteristics
1. Age Characteristics
Age characteristics for the population within Elizabeth City and Pasquotank
County are generally similar to those for the state as a whole. The largest
general age category in both the City and County is the working age group (25-
64 years of age) although this category is lower than that statewide. Elizabeth
City, with several institutions of higher learning within its boundaries, contains a
higher percentage of college age persons (18-24 years of age) than both
Pasquotank County and the state. Elizabeth City and Pasquotank County have a
higher percentage of retirement age persons (65 years or greater) than does
North Carolina.
In 2000, the median age of the population in Pasquotank County (35.9 years)
was very similar to the statewide average (35.3 years). Elizabeth City's median
age (32.9 years) is lower than both the County and state average, reflecting, in
part, the influence of a larger college age population.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 36 of 270
Section 111. Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

2. Distribution of Males and Females
Pasquotank County's proportion of males and females is more similar to the
statewide average than is Elizabeth City's population which contains a higher
percentage of females.
Source: US Census, 2000
' 3. Racial Characteristics
Racial characteristics of the populations of both Elizabeth City and Pasquotank
County indicate a higher level of racial diversity. The City and the County contain
' greater proportions of Black/African American populations and lower proportions
of White and Hispanic/Latino populations than the state average.
.r
Pasquotank
Elizabeth City
County North Carolina
Race Category
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
White
6,975_
40.4%
19,862
56.9%
_5,802,165
72.1%
Black/African
9,762
56.5%
13,947
40.0%
1,734,154
21.5%
American
American
70
0.4%
153
0.4%
100,956
1.3%
Indian/Alaska Native
Asian
112
0.6%
369
1.1%
— 111,292_
1.4%
Hawaiian/Pacific
_
0
0.0%
7
0.0%
3,699
0.0%
Islander
Other Race
109
0.6%
190
0.5%
185,138
2.3%
Two or More Races
257
1.5%
369
1.1 %
111,909
1.4%
Total
17,285
100.0%
34,897
_
100.0%
8,049,313
—372,964
100.0%
Hispanic or Latino
285
1.6%
420
— 1.2%
4.6%
Origin
source: us Census, zuuu
' 4. Components of Population Change
In migration of population accounted for the majority of Pasquotank County's
growth between 1990 and 2000 resulting in over two-thirds of the total increase
in population. While the County's 1990 to 2000 migration rate was among the
highest in the region, it was substantially below the statewide average of 15.1 %.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 37 of 270
Section III: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

y
i F { " iay ate'; M ,�'�°` sN*.� Pt.S� � ^# � '' � • �
„q ,�rS .. �
Pasquotank County
North Carolina
Population Change
3,599
1,416,865
Births
4,518
1,054,045
Deaths
3,416
638,171
_._.... _.... _....... ---_ ....—..__..._.
Natural Increase
—_...... _..... ..... _..... _......... _- —. ---
1,102
.._............ —.—__......... _..___.._................ _ .._.
415,874
Net Migration—
_ 2,497
1,000,991
Migration Rate
8.0%
15.1%
Data Center
Natural increase is the difference between total births and total deaths. ,
2 Net migration is the difference between total population change and natural increase.
3 Migration rate is the difference between in -migration and out -migration expressed as a percentage of
the base year total population. It is calculated by dividing net migration by the base year total '
population.
Recent data from the NC State Data Center indicate that in -migration has
continued to exceed natural increase in the population of Pasquotank County as
well as in neighboring counties.
Projections by the NC State Data Center indicate that migration into Pasquotank '
County will continue to play a more important role in population growth than will
natural increase. However, as shown in the table below, the County's total
population growth rate, reflective of statewide trends, is projected to decrease '
each decade through 2030. While in -migration is a major component of
Pasquotank County's population growth, it is an even greater factor in the growth
of neighboring counties ---particularly in Currituck and Camden Counties.
Pasquotank County I Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 38 of 270
Section III: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

tIt
/ t
2000-2010
2010-2020
2020-2030
Pop
Natural
Net
Pop
Natural
Net
Pop
Natural
Net
'
Growth
Increase
Migration
Growth
Increase
Migration
Growth
Increase
Migration
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
Camden
County
23.3%
2.2%
21.1 %
12.8%
2.5%
10.3%
10.9%
2.4%
8.5%
'
_
Chowan
W
County
4.5%
0.7%
3.8%
3.2%
-0.01 %
3.2%
1.5%
-1.1 %
2.6%
Currituck
'
County
30.5%
3.2%
27.4%
19.7%
2.5%
16.7%
15.7%
2.1 %
13.5%
Gates
-�
County
9.8%-
-0.6%
10.4%
9.3%
-0.5%
9.8%
7.5%
-1.1 %
-
8.5%
'
Pasquotank
_
County
10.1 %
2.5%
7.6%
7.2%
1.5%
5.7%
_ 5.2%
-0.02%
5.2%
Perquimans
County
8.0%
-2.3%
10.4%
6.0%
-3.0%
9.0%
4.3%
-3.9%
8.2%
North
17.3%
5.9%
11.4%
15.9%
5.7%
10.2%
13.9%
5.3%
8.7%
Carolina
'
Source: County Population Growth 2060-2030, NC State Data Center, July 2004.
Note: Natural
increase percentage is the natural increase growth divided by the base year total population.
'
Most of the City of Elizabeth City's population
growth has occurred as
a result of
annexation, accounting for almost all of the population gain
since
1990. As
illustrated in the following table, this method of growth is common among other
'
coastal municipalities as well.
ri
September 2002 and October 2003
Note: Urban growth is the difference between total population growth and population annexed.
n
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 39 of 270
' Section III: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

5. Income Characteristics
Pasquotank County's 2000 per capita income of $14,815 was 73% of the
statewide per capital income of $20,307. The 2000 per capita income level in
Elizabeth City of $13,333 was 65.7% of the North Carolina average. The
County's 2000 median household income of $30,444 ranked it as 78th statewide.
Elizabeth City's median household income of $24,193 was considerably below
the North Carolina average of $39,184.
According to data from the 2000 U.S. Census, the percentage of families below
the poverty level in Pasquotank County was 15.5% compared to the statewide
rate of 12.3% and the Elizabeth City rate of 25.1 %.
6. Population Density
Pasquotank County's population density of 154 persons per square mile in 2000
was considerably higher than surrounding counties but slightly lower than the
statewide average of 165 persons per square mile. Elizabeth City's 2000
population density of 1,923 persons per square mile was higher than most major
coastal communities. The following table provides population density data for
selected coastal communities:
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000
.County_............__.........._. ,.......,
............................
.Camden County..._...---...._.._._.__._..._.....23.
_..--...._..24..
Chowan County
-- _.._..._
65
_ _._._._.._-..-_...._.-
_....._._._23
62
73
_..__._...__.._....._.....
....
78
. _.......__...29.....
84
Currituck County
24
_ 27
42
_.__....._...�.
52
- -- -...
70
Gates County
27
25
26
27
31
Pasquotank County
112
118
125
138
154
County
38
42
46
_Perquimans ...._...._._..__...._.._.....35
Municipality.........._..
..._.._.._.._.._._.._34_.._.
_..... _...... _..... _.._.__
........... _:.............�.::...:.._�.....�.
__. __..---..._............_..__.........-.......__....
__....._...._..__.
_ ....._.._.._...__..._.._..
�.w._:_-.
Elizabeth City
3,430
2, 824
2, 980
3,155
1, 923
Edenton
2,026
1,362
1,488
_
1,066
_
1,076
Jacksonville . ..............._...__....._.............._._...._....._..._.....__._..__
4,352
3,815
2,159
._......__._...._..-_....._....._..._._........_..._
2,310 - .._.__.._..._.._....__.....__.
1,500
Morehead City__......_ -...__.._._
3,722
�__3,489
_ ......
2,299
1,507
New Bern
6,287
3,858
2_,510
1,699
895
_
Washington
_
5,231
_
2,358
'Y1,913
1,592
1,475
Wilmington
5,791
2,638
2,047
_
1,870
1,850
North Carolina
1 93
1 104
1 121
_
136
165
Sources: County Densities 1970-1995, State Data Center, May 2001; NC State Statistical
Abstract, NC State Data Center, 1984.
Persons per square mile
Based upon projections by the NC State Data Center, Pasquotank County's
population density will increase through 2030 but at a much lower rate than the
statewide average. The following table provides projected population density
data for the County and North Carolina.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 40 of 270
Section III.• Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

* Persons per square mile
3.1.2 Housing Stock
The number of housing units in Pasquotank County increased over 16% between 1990
and 2000 from 12,298 units to 14,289 units. In 2000, 7,438 units or approximately 52%
of all the housing units were located within the Elizabeth City corporate limits. The 2003
estimated number of housing units in the Elizabeth City jurisdiction is 7,760 and 7,841 in
the Pasquotank County jurisdiction.
The predominant housing type is the single-family detached dwelling --- 68% of all
housing units in Pasquotank County and 64%, in Elizabeth City. As expected in an
urban area, Elizabeth City has a higher percentage of multifamily housing units (28.9%)
and a lower percentage of manufactured housing (7.0%) than does Pasquotank County
(16.0% and 15.7%, respectively). The following table provides a comparison of housing
by structural type for Elizabeth City, Pasquotank County, and the State of North
Carolina.
' Detailed housing data by structural types for townships and for the City of Elizabeth City
is provided in Appendix B.
' The median year built for all housing in Pasquotank County is 1974 and 1965 for
Elizabeth City. The statewide average median year built is 1978. Pasquotank County's
and Elizabeth City's 2000 median value of owner -occupied housing ($78,000 and
' $69,900, respectively) are below the statewide median value of $95,800. Median rents
in Pasquotank County ($358) and Elizabeth City ($348) are also below the North
Carolina average of $431.
' A. Building Permits Issued
Building permit data since 1996 indicate that Pasquotank County has averaged
' about 232 new residential dwellings per year —approximately 60% of those were
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 41 of 270
' Section 111. Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

manufactured homes. Data for Elizabeth City during the same time period show an
annual average increase of some 91 new residences per year. Between 1996 and
2003, no multi -family dwellings were constructed within the County's planning
jurisdiction. During the same period in Elizabeth City seven duplexes and 13 multi-
family units were constructed in addition to five transient buildings with a total of 418
rooms.
The following tables provide residential building data for both unincorporated
Pasquotank County and the City of Elizabeth City.
'�,�#.„p`X �•'+"� �„fag � � µ�ti 5'pa%.'
�" f'F
�°4a�ir
> t$ YT��' „��'0d a+��
°��, # , z +e? r. j.�y 1� • • � � -r <� v3 az fit„
�'.i. �
Pasquotank
County
Elizabeth
City
Year
SFR
Mfg.
Total
— Year
SFR
Mfg.
_
Total
Homes
_
1996
96
_Homes
134
_ _
230
_ _
1996
82
59
_
141
_.. - -----
1997
.._..__..._._—._..._.....__.._.._...._._.._...
86
106
..... _........_ ._..._....—_.
192
_...... _ ...-----........_
1997
........_.._.._......._...._... .......
63
--.__....._.
38
_............_._..._..--........._..
101
�1998
__--- 98
�— 117
215
_
1998
62
��— � 22
84._.
1999
81
153
234
1999
46
32
78
2000
65
163
228
2000
.._......._. __._._..._
_
49
.-...__...._....__ _.._.._.__.._..-
18
- -.—_..
_
67
_.........._--_..
2001
80
� .._..
143
223
2002
116
125
. .
241
............._.__.—_...__..._-._.._._....__.____._
2002_
80
._._...._..._.._.....___.__.
10_
-.............. _..__.__....
90
2003
_
166
_
132
298
_
2003
80
_
13
_
93
_
Total
_
788
1073
1861
_
Total
516
210
726
Average
98.5
134.1
232.6
Average
_
64.5
26.3
_
90.8
._._....__...._...._...__....__
Percent
.._......_........_........
42.3%
— _._..
1 57.7%
__..... _.._...._........_—.
100.0%
..._........_—._.-.__......._
1 Percent
._._.......__.—..._.._—
1 71.1 %
.__.._.......... ^_.__....__
1 28.9%
......._...- -- -
100.0%
Source: Pasquotank
County
Source: City
of Elizabeth
City
Subdivision lot approvals in Pasquotank County since 1996 have resulted in the
creation of an average of 174 new residential building lots per year. In Elizabeth
City, approximately 190 new residential building lots have been created since 1996.
Since 1996, the estimated number of lots platted, but unbuilt, in the Pasquotank
County planning jurisdiction totals 837 lots. .
Section 3.3.4 provides additional data concerning recent building trends since 1996.
B. Seasonal Housing
The majority (71%) of seasonal housing units in Pasquotank County is composed of
hotel, motel, and bed and breakfast units. Seasonal dwellings comprise about 24%
of the County's total seasonal housing. Approximately 86% of all seasonal housing
units are located within the Elizabeth City corporate limits.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 42 of 270
Section 111.• Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

L
I
F
L
�M
ahlF
koj
..
% of 7AIIHousing
Seaso
Housing
Elizabeth City Corporate
Total
Seasonal
Units
% of
Seasonal
Housing W/I
Jurisdiction
Seasonal Dwellings
78
11.1 %
9.5%
_
Hotel, Motel, B&B
581
82.6%
_ 71.0%
_
Campsites
0
0.0%
- 0.0%
Transient Marina Slips
44
6.3%
� 5.4%
� --
- 703
_
100.0%
85.9%
_Totals
Unincorporated Pasquotank County
Total
Seasonal
Housing
Units
% of
Seasonal
Housing W/I
Jurisdiction ........__..._..._._..........._._...........I........_...._.....
% of All
Seasonal
Housing
_....—._.._..—_�. �....... _....._._.._..__.._.�_
Seasonal Dwellings
_T._..__
115
�....._._..._.__..._
100.0%
14.1 %
_
Motel, B&B
0
0.0%
0.0%
_Hotel,
Campsites
_....__..... ..__ .__..._....._..._ _ ._ _ _....._. __.__._..._..—..-_._.._.._......___....--
Transient Marina Slips
_
0
_ - ----.._..—..........._.-.........._--._._
0
0.0% _
0.0%
0.0%
.._._...__..........---._.-.._.._._.__...
0.0%
Totals
115
100.0%
_
14.1 %
Total Pasquotank County
Total
Seasonal
Housing
Units
% of All
Seasonal
Housing
Seasonal Dwellings
193
23.6%
Hotel, Motel, B&B
581
71.0%
Campsites
_
�- 0
- _
_
0.0%
Marina Slips
44
5.4%
_Transient _J
Totals
818
--- —
100.�0%._
Sources: US Census Summary File 3, Table H1, Housing Summary and Table H33, Population by
Units in Structure by Tenure. Estimates by The Wooten Company. The number of 'Hotel, Motel, and
B&B'units provided by the Elizabeth City Area Chamber of Commerce. The number of 'Transient
Marina Slips' were provided by local marinas.
3.1.3 Local Economy
A. Economic Trends
Elizabeth City has developed as an employment, retail trade, services,
governmental, and housing center for northeastern North Carolina. The City's
economy has traditionally been services -driven with the governmental, health
services, educational services, and accommodation and food services subsectors
accounting for the largest employment. Other important employment sectors include
retail trade, public administration, manufacturing, and transportation and
warehousing. Third quarter 2003 employment data from the NC Department of
Commerce for Pasquotank County indicate that government employment accounts
for approximately 35% of all workers. Local government employment constitutes
over 56% of all government employment and state government employment, 31 %.
Pasquotank County I Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 43 of 270
' Section III: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

The unemployment rate for Pasquotank County in April 2004 was 3.3% compared to
the statewide rate of 5.0%. The number of new jobs announced in 2003 totaled 95
and the total amount of investment announced was $19,950,000. The recent
economic slowdown has resulted in business closings and layoffs in Elizabeth City
and Pasquotank County. The NC Employment Commission reported that
Pasquotank County in 2003 had 4 business closing affecting 112 people and 1 layoff
affecting 18 people. The retail trade and services sectors have been particularly
impacted.
Employment data contained in the 2000 U.S. Census indicate that 14.4% of the total
County workforce was employed outside of Pasquotank County. For Elizabeth City,
the percentage of workers employed outside of Pasquotank County was slightly
higher-16.4%.
B. Employment by Major Sectors
The following table provides a comparison of recent employment and wages data for
Pasquotank County and the State of North Carolina.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 44 of 270
Section 111: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

.............. .
able 9 E
'
• -
. . RIO------------
• A 11
Pasquotank County
North Carolina__
Avg Emp
% Total
_
Avg Wkly
Wage
Avg Emp
% Total
--
Avg Wkly
Wage
Total All Industries -
15,593
100.0
$505
3,708,636
100.0
$629
Total Government
5,312
34.1
$726
597,650
16.1
$745
Total Private Industry
10,281
65.9
$428
3,110,986
83.9
$622
Agriculture Forestry Fishing & Hunting
Mining
186
1.2
$340
33,889
3,943
_ 0.9 ..
0.1
. $409
$889
Utilities
.__._._........._................... ---. ............ _..............._......_................................................................._......---__....._.....
Construction
606
-..__�...--
3.9
..
$460
15,255
-_-_...-......._.
213,184
0.4
_........._........_.._..........................._........._.......
5.7
$1,062
$617
Manufacturing
739
4.7
$554
593,062
16.0
$744
Wholesale Trade
555
3.6
$516
162,150
4.4
$871
Retail Trade
2,550
16.4
$391
435,927
11.8
$422
Transportation and Warehousing
681
4.4
$642
131,654
3.5
$716
Information
93
0.6
$627
76,237
2.1
$910
Finance and Insurance
367
2.4
$650
137,128
3.7
- -T
$1,035
Real Estate and Rental and Leasing
124
- 0.8
$283
48,924
1.3
$551
Professional and Technical Services
397
2.5
$605
145,518
61,293
3.9
1.7
$923
_.._.__....._......... .._......................
$1,184
_. _.
Management of Companies and Enterprises
Administrative and Waste Services
280
....._..
1.8
__.- _^_.__.._.
$305 _..
217,040
__ ..__... _.
293,926
5.9
-._........--.......................
7.9
$421
............................................ _........_....
$618
_-_-�_._............ ...._................._.._...---...._......_..-.
Educational Services
_ _....-... _--
1,959
12.6
$603
Health Care and Social Assistance
3,018
19.4
$588
457,968
12.3
$653
Arts, Entertainment and Recreation
362
2.3
$165
56,409
1.5
$415
Accommodation and Food Services
1,385
8.9
$186
300,580
8.1
- -2.7
$236
Other Services Ex. Public Admin _--- T
- 354
2.3
$353
98,351
$424
Public Administration
1,856
11.9
$695
215,509
5.8
$673
Unclassified
24
0.2
$267
10,689
0.3
$526
Source: NC Department of Commerce
Pasquotank County / Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 45 of 270
Section III.• Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

C. Community Economic Activity
Major government employers include the Elizabeth City-Pasquotank County
School System, Elizabeth City State University, the US Coast Guard, the
Albemarle Regional Hospital, Pasquotank Correctional Institute, Pasquotank
County, and the City of Elizabeth City.
The City of Elizabeth City and most of Pasquotank County have been
designated by the North Carolina Department of Commerce as a State
Development Zone. Such designation allows for economic incentives to
stimulate new investment and job creation in economically distressed urban
areas.
Tourism is increasingly becoming an important part of the local economy.
According to data from the NC Department of Commerce, domestic tourism in
Pasquotank County generated an economic impact of $33.31 million in 2002.
More than 430 jobs in Pasquotank County were directly attributable to travel
and tourism in 2002. The travel industry generated a $6.46 million payroll in
2002. State and local tax revenues from travel amounted to $2.75 million. In
2002, Pasquotank ranked 56th in travel impact among the State's 100 counties.
Mv
Annual Average
IndustryNo. of Units _ Employment_ — Percent of Total
Federal Government 15 �660 4.2%
State Government 28 1,697 11.0%
_....__.._...—......__._.—_........._..._..__.._........-----.......— —_.........._.__..._....._.._........_.._.._........_....-- — --........_......__.._....._......._....._._.._._......—_.._..... - —.
Local Government 32 3,059 19.8%
Private Industry___ _—_ 891 10,053 65.0%
Totals 991 15,469 100.0%
Source: NC Department of Commerce
Pasquotank County / Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 46 of 270
Section III.• Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

k
U
I
Sc
The total valuation of real, personal, and public service company property in
' Pasquotank County totaled $1,456,734,663.00 in 2003. Real property
constitutes approximately 75% of the total County -wide valuation. The City of
Elizabeth City total valuation in 2003 was $635,038,548.00. Of that total,
' $632,434,082.00 or 99.5% was within Pasquotank County and the remainder in
Camden County. Elizabeth City comprised approximately 43% of the total
Pasquotank County valuation.
iF-]
I
Pasquotank County/Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 47 of 270
' Section III: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

Total Valuation
Tax Rate
(per $100) —
County
—._...._..---...._......... _----.
Camden County
--.._...... _......... ...... _... _.... ....... _..... —_._.._
429,567,997
_..__................. __.._............... ----..._.._._....... __.._._.
$0.750
Chowan County _--
_..._.. _ _.. _ ..._._._..._.._...._.._.. __...
783,623,172
_—_.......T_.._.—_—._.._.._..._._......_...
$0.690
_.__.__.�..____.....__...._
Currituck County _
Gates County
_ 2,548,717,557
— 477,082,506
$0.620
$0.810
Pasquotank County
1, 456, 734, 663
$0.860
Perquimans County
_ — 735,355,429
-- $0.610
Municipality
Elizabeth City
635, 038, 548
$0.620
Edenton
256,703,667
$0.395
Jacksonville
1,796,709,105
$0.590
Morehead City _—
New Bern _......_........__.___ _ _ _
_Washington__
899,596,917
1,655,971,313
...._.._..___....-._......__.__._......_....___._._—...----.—.._._....._._____.._
559,045,912
$0.380
$0.470
$0.550
Wilmington
_ 8,330,246,635
$0.470
Source: NC Department of Revenue, Tax Research Division
D. Commuting Patterns
Data from the US Census indicate that the net number of workers commuting to
Pasquotank County has increased each year since 1970. Therefore, more
workers are coming into Pasquotank County for jobs than are leaving the
County for work. As shown in the following table, the largest numerical
increase in workers commuting into Pasquotank County occurred between
1990 and 2000, while the largest percentage of increase occurred between
1970 and 1980.
Sources: US Census Bureau and the US Bureau of Economic Analysis
Due to the close proximity of the State of Virginia and the Chesapeake, Norfolk,
and Portsmouth employment market, a higher percentage of workers living in
Pasquotank County and Elizabeth City are employed outside of their state of
residence. However, as shown in the following table, the overall percentage of
workers employed within their County of residence is slightly higher than the
statewide average.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 48 of 270
Section III. Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions I

Source: US Census 2000
The top five destinations for workers commuting outside of Pasquotank County
and the percentage of all workers leaving Pasquotank County are Dare County,
13.5%; Perquimans County, 10.8%; Currituck County, 10.2%; Chesapeake, VA,
9.8%; and Norfolk, VA, 8.8%. Approximately 57% of all workers commuting
outside of Pasquotank County in 2000 went to other North Carolina counties,
39% traveled to Virginia counties and cities, and 4% commuted to other
destinations.
The percentage of workers that commute outside of Pasquotank County has
remained at approximately 23 percent since 1980; in 1970 the percentage was
higher at 27%. The percentage of outcommuters traveling to the Virginia
Tidewater area decreased between 1990 and 2000, dropping from 46% to 37%.
As shown in the following table, the major destinations for workers that
commute from Pasquotank County to jobs outside of the County have recently
shifted from the Norfolk -Portsmouth -Chesapeake area to the North Carolina
counties surrounding Pasquotank County.
.. 5
Destinationsbut
of ..
1970
1980 1990
_
Norfolk
Norfolk
Norfolk
_2000
Dare Co. u
Portsmouth
Portsmouth
Chesapeake
Perquimans Co.
Perquimans Co.
Chesapeake
Dare Co.
Currituck Co.
Camden Co.
Perquimans Co.
_ Portsmouth_
Chesapeake
Currituck Co.
Camden Co.
Perquimans Co.
Norfolk
Sources: US Census and US Bureau of Economic Analysis
Appendix H provides more detailed information regarding commuting data.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 49 of 270
Section III.• Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

3.1.4 Population Projections
A. Permanent Population Projections
The following table is based on population projections provided by the NC State
Data Center. Pasquotank County's population growth rate, reflective of
statewide and local trends, is predicted to decline over the next few decades.
This reduced growth rate will culminate in a slower population growth.
Ilk
kR
Certified
us
Estimate
Projections
Census
July
2000
2002
2005
2010
2015 2020
2025 2030
Pasquotank County
34,897
35,816
38,894
42,063
44,720
47,228
49,599
51,611
Elizabeth City
_C orate Area _
_ 17,188
17,490
19,253
20,821
22,136_
23,378
24,552
25,547
Elizabeth City
Planning Jurisdiction
19,596*
n/a
21,948
23,736
25,235
26,651
27,989
29,124
Pasquotank County
Planning Jurisdiction
15,301*
n/a
16,946
18,327
19,485
20,577
21,610
22,487
Sources: US Census, 2000. 2002 Certified Population Estimates, NC State Data Center, October 2003.
County Population Growth 2000-2030, NC State Data Center, July 2004. Pasquotank County projections by
the NC State Data Center. Elizabeth City projections by The Wooten Company based upon a proportional
relationship of the Elizabeth City municipal population to the Pasquotank County total population from 1970-
2000. The municipal projections assume that (i) the average ratio of the City's population to the Pasquotank
County population for the 1970-2000 period will remain constant through 2030 and (ii) the ratio of the estimated
2000 City planning jurisdiction population to the 2000 Elizabeth City corporate population will remain constant
through 2030.
* Estimated 2000 population by The Wooten Company
B. Seasonal and Peak Population
The impact of seasonal population is felt more in Elizabeth City than throughout
the unincorporated areas of Pasquotank County. As shown in the following
table, it is estimated that the seasonal population in Elizabeth City in 2000
totaled 1,787 persons and resulted in a peak population of 18,975. The
seasonal population for the unincorporated portion of Pasquotank County in
2000 is estimated to total 365 persons. For the County as a whole, the 2000
seasonal population is estimated to total 2,152 persons thereby resulting in a
peak population of 37,049. Countywide, peak population is estimated at
approximately 106% of the permanent population.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 50 of 270
Section III.- Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

I/I
Elizabeth City Corporate_ _ Total PPH* _
`-
P__op--
Seasonal DU
78
3.17
247
Hotel, Motel, B&B
581
2.41
1,400
Campsites _
0
3.17_
0
Transient Marina Slips
44
3.17
139
Totals
703
1,787
Seasonal Population 2000 _ -
1,787-
Permanent Population 2000
17,188
Peak Population 2000
18,975
Peak to Permanent Ratio
110.40%
_....... ..... .._.__.._._.._._...... _____._.._._..__.._.__..._._____._._._._._..-._-_ _.._......_.._..._
Unincorporated _Pasquotank County._.....__._....Total_
Seasonal DU
....... _...........____...__.._._.._........
115
__._._._...._....._......_..........
-_PPH*
_........__._
3.17
._...__.._..-._............. ............ _...... _....... .
.._...__......._........... .
Pop _...
365
Hotel, Motel, B&B
0
2.52
0
Campsites
0
3.17
0
Transient Marina Slips
0
3.17
0
Totals
115
365
-
Seasonal Population 2000
365
^_
Permanent Population 2000- �_ __ - -
Peak Population 2000
_
17,709...
- 18,074
.... _..
Peak to Permanent Ratio
102.06%
Total Pasquotank County - __._._...._..__..._...._..._-..........._...__....
Seasonal DU
___._._.._._. _....._.__._.-....__�..._..._._._.- _.-_......._._.._._...----.._._._.
Hotel, Motel, B&B
Total
_...._......_.... _
193
581
PPH*
..._...._...._....._.._._.............._._........._..-.._._......
_._.__._. _.......... 3.17
2.41
Pop
612
1,400
Campsites
0
3.17
- 0
Transient Marina Slips
44
3.17
139
Totals
818
2,152
Seasonal Population 2000
2,152
- -
-
Permanent Population 2000
34,897
Peak Population 2000
37,049
Peak to Permanent Ratio
106.17%
Sources: US Census Summary File 3, Table H1, Housing Summary and Table H33, Population by Units in
' Structure by Tenure. Estimates by The Wooten Company. The number of 'Hotel, Motel, and B&B'units
provided by the Elizabeth City Area Chamber of Commerce. The number of 'Transient Marina Slips' were
provided by the local marinas.
* PPH = persons per household
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 51 of 270
' Section III: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

Based upon the estimated 2000 seasonal and peak population as delineated
above and the assumption that the ratio of seasonal population to permanent
population will remain constant, the following projections have been prepared
for Pasquotank County and the City of Elizabeth City.
v
�l
Pasquotank County Planning Jurisdiction
.............. _.... ........__................ _.... _.......... .............. -.._....._........... ..... W
_............._.......... _......................... ............._._............ _.__._...._.................... _............. ....... .............. ._.__..-.................... ........ _.._._..._.............. ....... _.......... -..... ..._.__........._,.
2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030
Permanent Population
16,946
18,327
19,485
20,577
21,610
22,487
Seasonal Population
349
378
401
424
445
463
Peak Population
_.._.._._...... ...._._...................._-....._......
17,295
18,704
_.._.___._..._.._.._ ._.._._._.__._._.._._.
19,886
21,001
_._.._..___.._._.._.._._.._......._._._._.._.._...__...._._._...__.__._..___.
22,055
22,950
_._.
Elizabeth
City
Corporate
- --
Jurisdiction
�.._...-__..._...
-.-.-.�.._
.�_..::._....._
2005
---- ...,...._.._....._._
2010
2015
2020
2025
2030
Permanent Population
19,253 20,821
22,136
23,379
24,552 25,548
Seasonal Population
2,002 2,165
2,301
2,431
2,553 _ 2,656
Peak Population
21,255 22,986
24,438
25,809
27,105 28,204
Source: The Wooten Company, July 2006
3.2 Natural Systems Analysis
Subchapter 7B .0702(c)(2) requires that the land use plan describe and analyze the natural
features and environmental conditions within Pasquotank County (including within the City
of Elizabeth City) and to assess their capabilities and limitations for development. Section
3.2 provides an inventory of natural features; a description of a composite map of
environmental conditions that shows the extent and overlap of natural features; and an
assessment water quality, natural hazard, and natural resource conditions and features
and their limitation or opportunity for land development. The 14-digit hydrological units
delineated by the Natural Resources Conservation Service (see Figure 2) are used as the
basic unit of analysis for natural systems.
3.2.1 Inventory of Natural Features
The inventory of natural features includes a description of Areas of Environmental
Concern (AEC), soil characteristics, water quality classifications and use support
designations, flood hazard areas, storm surge areas, non -coastal wetlands, water
supply watersheds, and other environmentally fragile areas.
A. Areas of Environmental Concern (AEC)
Areas of Environmental Concern within the Pasquotank County area include
the following:
o Public Trust Waters
The coastal waters and the submerged lands where the public has
the right to use the waters for activities such as boating, fishing or
swimming. Public trust waters often overlap with estuarine waters,
but they also include many inland fishing waters. These areas
include the Pasquotank River, Little River, Albemarle Sound, and all
navigable creeks and natural water bodies.
Pasquotank County I Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 52 of 270
Section III: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

L
k
o Estuarine Waters
Estuarine Waters of the Atlantic Ocean and all the water of bays,
sounds, tidal rivers, and their tributaries thereto seaward of the
dividing line between coastal fishing waters and inland fishing
waters. Includes the Albemarle Sound, the Pasquotank River
seaward of the US 158/NC 34 bridge on the Camden Causeway,
and the Little River seaward of the US 17 bridge.
o Coastal Shorelines
Coastal shorelines include estuarine and public trust shorelines.
Estuarine shorelines are non -ocean shorelines that extend a
distance of 75' landward from the normal high water level of
estuarine waters. The public trust shoreline includes lands within 30
feet of the normal high water level of public trust waters inland from
the dividing line between coastal and inland fishing waters.
o Coastal Wetlands
Any salt marsh or other marsh subject to regular or occasional
flooding by tides, including lunar and wind tides, but not including
hurricane nor tropical storm tides. The precise location of coastal
wetlands must be determined by field investigation.
Development within the designated Areas of Environmental Concern is limited
by CAMA regulations and development guidelines.
B. Soil Characteristics
Generally, most of the soils in Pasquotank County have limitations for many
urban uses due to wetness, low strength, and restricted permeability. Overall,
for septic tank and light industrial uses, the soil types in most of the County
have substantial limitations. Less than three -tenths of one percent of all the
soils in Pasquotank County are rated as having slight limitations for septic tank
absorption fields. All remaining soils within the county are rated as very limited
for septic system use. Site -specific soil analyses are required by the Albemarle
Regional Health Services to evaluate the suitability of a particular parcel for a
septic system. Centralized sewer facilities are needed to support intensive
urban development.
Prime farmland soils are soils that are defined by the US Department of
Agriculture as soils that have the best combination of physical and chemical
characteristics for producing food, feed, forage, fiber, and oilseed crops. Such
soils have properties that favor the economic production of sustained high
yields of crops. However, soils that are well suited to crops are also well suited
to urban uses. The loss of prime farmland to other land uses puts pressure on
marginal lands which are generally less productive and not as easily cultivated.
It is estimated that approximately 3% of the total Pasquotank County land area
contains soils that are identified as prime farmland soils. The largest
concentrations of such classified soils are located in the southern peninsula
area southeast of the Elizabeth City urban area. An additional 23% of the
County land area is classified as having prime farmland soils if those soils are
drained.
Hydric soils are soils that formed under conditions of saturation, flooding, or
ponding long enough during the growing season to support the growth and
Pasquotank County / Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 53 of 270
' Section III.• Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

reproduction of hydrophytic vegetation. Hydrophytic vegetation along with
hydric soils and wetland hydrology are considered the three essential
characteristics of wetlands. Consequently, the presence of hydric soils is one
indicator of probable wetlands locations. The precise location of wetlands
must, however, be determined through field investigation.
Specific soil limitation data for sewage disposal and data for defining prime
farmland and hydric soils as well as information regarding measures for
mitigating particular soils limitations can be obtained at the local office of the
Natural Resources Conservation Service located at Beechtree Plaza, 1023-5
US Highway 17 South, Elizabeth City, NC.
C. Water Quality Classifications and Use Support Designations
Water Quality Classifications. All surface waters in North Carolina are
assigned a primary water quality classification by the North Carolina Division of
Water Quality under the authority of the Environmental Management
Commission. Classifications are designations applied to surface water bodies
that define the best uses to be protected within these waters, as required by the
Clean Water Act. The most common primary classification within North
Carolina is Class C, which protects waters for the propagation of aquatic life
and for secondary recreation. Other primary freshwater classifications provide
for additional levels of protection for uses consisting of water supplies (Class
WS-1 through Class WS-V) and for primary recreation (Class B). Saltwater
primary classifications are denoted as SC, SB, and SA.
In addition to the primary classification, one or more supplemental
classifications may be assigned to specific surface waters to provide additional
protection to waters with special uses or values. North Carolina's supplemental
classifications include NSW (nutrient sensitive waters), Tr (trout waters), HQW
(high quality waters), ORW (outstanding resource waters), and SW (swamp
waters).
Section 3.2.3 provides an assessment of water quality within the Pasquotank
River Basin and the sub -basins within which Pasquotank County are located.
All primary and secondary water quality classifications are described in the
following table:
Pasquotank County I Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 54 of 270
Section III: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

• • R. mf�
rFreshwater Primary Classifications
ation
_
Best Usage of Waters___
Aquatic life propagation and maintenance of biological integrity (including fishing,
and fish), wildlife, secondary recreation, agriculture and any other usage except for
primary recreation or as a source of water supply for drinking, culinary, or food
processing purposes. All freshwaters shall be classified to protect these uses at a
minimum.
B
Primary recreation (which includes swimming on a frequent or organized basis)
and any other best usagespecified for Class C waters.
WS I- WS V Source of water supply for drinking, culinary, or food -processing purposes for
those users desiring maximum protection of their water supplies and any best
....... _usage specified for Class C waters_
Saltwater Primary Classifications
-----._. _.... ____.._..... ............ __......... -........ ..... ..._.__._.......... _... _.... _....... __...... _............ _.._._.............. .- ................
Classification
-
Best Usage of Waters_
SC
Aquatic life propagation and maintenance of biological integrity (including fishing,
fish and functioning primary nursery areas (PNAs)),wildlife, secondary recreation,
and any other usage except primary recreation or shell fishing for market
-
purposes.
SB
Primary recreation (which includes swimming on a frequent or organized basis)
and any other uINe specified for Class SC waters.
SA
Shell fishing for market purposes and any other usage specified for Class SB or
SC waters.
-Supplemental Classifications
_Classification Best Usage of Waters
HQW
High Quality Waters. Waters which are rated as excellent based on biological and
physical/chemical characteristics through Division monitoring or special studies,
native and special native trout waters (and their tributaries) designated by the
Wildlife Resources Commission, primary nursery areas (PNAs) designated by the
Marine Fisheries Commission and other functional nursery areas designed by the
Marine Fisheries Commission.
NSW
Nutrient Sensitive Waters. Waters that experience or are subject to excessive
growths of microscopic or macroscopic vegetation. Excessive growths are growths
which the Commission determines impair the use of the water for its best usage as
determined by the classification applied to such waters.
OR W
_
Outstanding Resource Waters. Unique and special surface waters of the state that
are of exceptional state or national recreational or ecological significance that
_
require special protection to maintain existing uses.
Sw
Swamp Waters. Waters which are topographically located so as to generally have
very low velocities and other characteristics which are different from adjacent
streams draining steeper topography.
Tr
Trout Waters. Waters which have conditions that shall sustain and allow for trout
propagation and survival of stocked trout on a ear -round basis.
Source: NC Division of Water Quality
' The waters in the Pasquotank County area include a wide range of primary and
secondary water quality classifications, including C, SC, SB, Sw, and WS-IV.
' Appendix F includes a listing of the water quality classifications for the various
water bodies in Pasquotank County. There are no major productive shell
fishing areas in Pasquotank County.
Pasquotank County I Elizabeth City CA AM Land Use Plan Page 55 of 270
Section III: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

Use Support Ratings. Surface waters are classified according to their best
intended uses. Determining how well a waterbody supports its uses (use
support status) is an important method of interpreting water quality data and
assessing water quality. Surface waters are currently rated supporting,
impaired, and not rated. These ratings refer to whether the classified uses of
the water (such as water supply, aquatic life protection and recreation) are
being met. For example, waters classified for fish consumption, aquatic life
protection and secondary recreation (Class C for freshwater or SC for
saltwater) are rated Supporting if data used to determine use support meet
certain criteria. However, if these criteria were not met, then the waters would
be rated as Impaired. Waters with inconclusive data are listed as Not Rated.
Waters lacking data are listed as No Data.'
In previous use support assessments, surface waters were rated fully
supporting (FS), partially supporting (PS), not supporting (NS) and not rated
(NR). FS was used to identify waters that were meeting their designated uses.
Impaired waters were rated PS and NS, depending on their degree of
degradation. NR was used to identify waters lacking data or having
inconclusive data. The 2002 Integrated Water Quality Monitoring and
Assessment Report Guidance issued by the EPA requested that states no
longer subdivide the impaired category. In agreement with this guidance, North
Carolina no longer subdivides the impaired category and rates waters as
Supporting, Impaired, Not Rated or No Data.
In the Pasquotank River Basinwide Water Quality Plan, which was prepared by
the NC Division of Water Quality, the waters within sub -basin 03-01-50 and 03-
01-52 were rated as fully supporting for aquatic life/secondary recreation and
for primary recreation. The table below provides more detailed information
regarding use support ratings for each sub -basin:
Sub -basin 03-01-50 Ratings
Fully Supporting
Not Rated
Aquatic Life/ Seconder /Recreation
28,665.8 ac
23,208.9 ac
Primary Recreation
_
37,851.5 ac
93.3 ac
Sub -basin 03-01-52 Ratings
Fully Supporting
Not Rated_
Aquatic Life/ Secondary Recreation^ _
72,795.5 ac _
18,924.6 ac_
Primary Recreation
72,795.5 ac
9,840.3 ac
Source: Pasquotank River Basinwide Water Quality Plan, January 2002
D. Flood Hazard Areas
The 100-year floodplain is land within a floodplain subject to a one percent or
greater chance of flooding in any given year. Approximately 38% of the
County's land area is within a100-year floodplain. The most significant
floodplains are located in the south peninsula area of the County along the
shoreline of the Albemarle Sound and Pasquotank River, particularly adjacent
to New Begun Creek, Little Flatty Creek, Big Flatty Creek, and Symond's
Creek. Other major floodplains are adjacent to Knobbs Creek in Elizabeth City
and along the Pasquotank River from Elizabeth City northward to the Great
Dismal Swamp area in the northwestern tip of the County. Less significant
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 56 of 270
SectionIII. Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

floodplains are located adjacent to Little River. The 100-year floodplain is
delineated in Figure 2.
E. Storm Surge Areas
Maps delineating hurricane surge inundation areas have been provided to
Pasquotank County and Elizabeth City by the Division of Coastal Management.
Storm surge is the rise in sea level caused by water being pushed towards land
by hurricane winds. The storm surge inundation areas are based upon National
Hurricane Center model maps and have been recompiled by the North Carolina
Center for Geographic Information and Analysis. Surge inundation areas have
been mapped to illustrate the extent of hurricane -induced flooding based upon
slow moving (forward velocity less than 15 mph) and fast moving (forward
velocity greater than 15 mph) category 1 and 2, category 3, and category 4 and
5 hurricanes.
Storm surge areas for fast moving hurricanes are shown in the Figure 2. The
areas subject to storm surge inundation delineated on this map are based upon
the most intense storm intensity and storm speed. Under this worst -case
scenario, approximately 46% of the County's land area is subject to flooding
from a storm surge. More detailed storm hurricane surge maps are available
for review in the offices of the City of Elizabeth City and Pasquotank County
Planning Departments.
Flooding as well as high winds would impact the Pasquotank County area
during a major coastal storm. The table below describes the impact of the
various categories of hurricanes:
Category
Winds
Storm Surge Damage Expected
Category 1
74-95 MPH
4-5 Feet
Minimal Damage
Category 2
96-110 MPH
6-8 Feet
Moderate Damage
Category 3
111-130 MPH
9-12 Feet
Extensive Damage
Category 4
131-155 MPH
13-18 Feet
Extreme Damage
Category 5
155+ MPH
18+ Feet
Catastrophic Damage
While the identified hurricane storm surge inundation areas often parallel the
' 100-year flood hazard area shown in Figure 2, there are some additional
portions of Pasquotank County and Elizabeth City that are particularly subject
to Category 4 and 5 hurricane -induced flooding. These areas are generally
' located in the southern peninsula area of the County between the Pasquotank
and Little Rivers.
Pasquotank County I Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 57 of 270
' Section III: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

Figure 2: Natural Features Map
Pasquotank County / Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 58 of 270
Section 111.• Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

The preparation of this map was financed in part through a grant provided by the North
Carolina Coastal Management Program, through fluids provided by the Coastal Zone
Management Act of 1972, as amended, which is administered by the Office of Ocean and
Coastal Resource Management, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
Figure 2: Natural Features Map
PASQUOTANK COUNTY, NC
Primary Map Legend
— Major Roads
- Coastal Wetlands
0 14 digit HUC Boundary
® Critical Area Water Supply Watersheds
® Protected Area Water Supply Watersheds
® Natural Herritage Areas
® Closed Shellfish Harvesting Areas
® Estuarine Waters
- National wildlife Refuge Area
- Exceptional & Substantial Non -Coastal Wetlands
- Hazardous Sites
Water Bodies
j Elizabeth City Corporate Limits
Elizabeth City ETJ
TfT
THE WOOTEN COMPANY
[NGI N[f PING Vl P4NIX4 PP[NIIELIYP(
Pnnted on August 13, 2009 Miles
0 1 2 4
t
t t111
1
ftyB0, t
This map provides a general guide to wetland locations;
site specific delineation of wetlands is required.

L
F
P
F. Non -coastal (`404') Wetlands
Non -coastal wetlands include all other wetlands not classified as coastal
wetlands, including wetlands delineated as Exceptional Wetlands. Wetlands
receive an Exceptional functional significance if two of the primary wetland
functions are rated high. Also, if the wetland meets any one of the overriding
considerations, it is rated as being of Exceptional functional significance.
Overriding considerations are:
1. Meets the North Carolina statutory definition of a "coastal wetland," or is
an estuarine forested or estuarine scrub -shrub wetland,
2. Is adjacent to a primary nursery area, or
3. Is known habitat for threatened or endangered species, or is identified by
the Natural Heritage Program as a unique natural ecosystem or special
wildlife habitat
Wetlands receive a Substantial functional significance rating whenever only one
of the wetland functions is highly functioning or when no more than one of the
functions is rated low (i.e. two of the functions are performing at moderate or
higher levels). Wetlands that perform functions at low levels, but also are
located adjacent to wetlands of Exceptional functional significance receive a
Substantial significance rating because of their buffering capabilities. Wetlands
receive a beneficial functional significance rating whenever any two primary
functions are of low significance for the wetland and none are high.
' These non -coastal wetlands are not covered by CAMA regulations (unless the
Coastal Resource Commission designates them as a natural resource AEC)
but are protected by the Clean Water Act. Consequently, the US Army Corps
of Engineers is responsible for regulating these '404' wetlands. Authorization
' must be obtained from the Corps prior to disturbing such wetlands. As with
coastal wetlands, the precise location of non -coastal wetlands can only be
determined through a field investigation and analysis. The general location of
' coastal and non -coastal wetlands is shown on the Natural Features Map,
Figure 2. Major non -coastal wetlands areas are located in the northwestern,
western, and south central portions of Pasquotank County. Non -coastal
' wetlands account for approximately 29% of the total Pasquotank County land
area.
' The Pasquotank River Local Watershed Plan, 2003 inventoried existing
watershed conditions in a 454.5 square -mile area that includes portions of
Pasquotank County and all of the City of Elizabeth City. A discussion of the
' findings of the Plan and recommended strategies for improving and protecting
watershed function is provided in Section 3.3.5.
' G. Public Water Supply Watershed
The land area that drains to a surface public water supply intake includes a
critical and protected area. These portions of the watershed are defined as
follows:
' o Critical Area
The area adjacent to a water supply intake where risk associated
' with pollution is greater than for the remaining portions of the
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 59 of 270
' SectionIII.- Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

watershed. The critical area in Pasquotank County is defined as
extending one-half mile upstream from and draining to the intake
located directly in the Pasquotank River. Major landmarks such as
highways or property lines may be used to delineate the outer
boundary of the critical area if these landmarks are immediately
adjacent to the appropriate outer boundary of one-half mile.
o Protected Area
The area adjoining and upstream of the watershed critical area. The
boundaries of the protected area are defined as within 10 miles
upstream and draining to the intake located directly in the
Pasquotank River.
In Pasquotank County, a WS-IV public water supply watershed is located in the
northern portion of the County along the Pasquotank River north of Knobbs
Creek (see Figure 2). Approximately 21,894 acres or 15% of the County's total
land area are encompassed within this public water supply watershed.
The City of Elizabeth City has recently disconnected the Pasquotank River
intake as a water supply source. Since the Pasquotank River is not longer
used for public water supply, the river could be reclassified for non -water supply
use. To date, a request for reclassification has not been submitted to the State.
H. Primary Nursery Areas
Primary Nursery Areas are identified by the Marine Fisheries Commission. The
North Carolina Division of Marine Fisheries is responsible for preserving,
protecting, and developing Primary Nursery Areas for commercially important
finfish and shellfish.
No Primary Nursery Areas have been identified within the waters of Pasquotank
County.
I. Other Environmentally Fragile Areas
Significant Natural Heritage Areas
The NC Natural Heritage Program compiles a list of natural heritage areas
based upon an inventory of natural diversity across the state. Natural areas are
evaluated on the basis of the occurrences of rare plant and animal species, rare
or high quality natural communities, and geologic features. Designation as a
Significant Natural Heritage Area does not imply that any protection or public
access exists.
Identified Natural Heritage Areas within Pasquotank County are located in the
extreme northwest tip of the County (Great Dismal Swamp National Wildlife
Refuge) and in southern peninsula area of the county bordering on the
Albemarle Sound (particularly the Big Flatty Creek and Little Flatty Creek
areas). These areas contain high quality tidal freshwater marsh, nonriverine
swamp forest, maritime forests, and nonriverine wet hardwood forests. These
areas serve as important natural vegetated buffers and provided wildlife habitat.
The general locations of Natural Heritage Areas are shown on the Natural
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 60 of 270
Section III.• Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions I

' Features Map, Figure 2. Appendix G contains an inventory of natural areas
and rare species found in Pasquotank County.
' Elizabeth City Wellfield
The Elizabeth City wellfield, encompassing approximately 400 acres on the
' south side of Wellfield Road in west Elizabeth City, is an environmentally fragile
area. The wellfield contains 10 well sites that supply water to the City of
Elizabeth City. The location of the wellfield is delineated on Figure 4B.
0
u
U
3.2.2 Composite Environmental Conditions Map
Subchapter 7B .0702(c)(2)(B) requires that the land use plan include an
environmental conditions composite map that shows the extent and overlap of
natural features such as AECS, soil characteristics, water quality classifications,
flood hazard areas, storm surge areas, non -coastal wetlands, and other
environmentally fragile areas. The composite map must show, based on the local
government's determination of the capabilities and limitations of these natural
features and the conditions for development, three categories of land which include
the following:
Class I is land that contains only minimal hazards and limitations for
development which can be addressed by commonly accepted land
planning and development practices. Class I land will generally
support the more intensive types of land uses and development.
Class II is land that has hazards and limitations for development that
can be addressed by restrictions on land uses, special site planning,
or the provision of public services, such as water and sewer. Land
in this class will generally support only the less intensive uses, such
as low density residential, without significant investment in public
services.
Class III is land that has serious hazards and limitations for
development or lands where the impact of development may cause
serious damage. Land in this class will generally support very low
intensity uses, such as conservation and open space.
The table below delineates the environmental features which are included in each
land class for the Pasquotank County Environmental Conditions Composite Map:
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 61 of 270
' Section 111: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

•
Feature
Class I
Class II
Class III
Coastal Wetlands
✓
Exceptional or Substantial Non -Coastal Wetlands
✓
Beneficial Non -Coastal Wetlands
✓
Estuarine Waters
Soils with Slight or Moderate Septic Limitations
✓
✓ _ _
Soils with Severe Septic Limitations
✓
100-Year Flood Hazard Areas
Storm Surge Areas
✓
✓
Public Water Supply Watersheds
✓
Significant Natural Heritage Areas
Protected Lands
✓
✓
HQW/ORW Watersheds
Data not available
Based upon the environmental conditions assigned to each land class as
delineated in the above table, the majority (69.9%) of the land area in Pasquotank
County falls into Class II, moderate hazards and limitations. Class III lands account
for approximately 30% of the County's land area. Very little land area is classified
as Class 1 (0.1%), minimal hazards and limitations.
The Environmental Conditions Composite Map, Figure 3 is a very general depiction
of the three land classes as defined above. The model utilized to produce this map
uses one acre of land area to delineate a pixel or cell on the map. Consequently,
the information provided by this map is intended to show generalized patterns and
is not intended for permitting or regulatory purposes.
Based upon an evaluation of the individual environmental features included within
each individual land class category, it appears that soils with severe limitations for
septic systems skews the composite analysis since so much land area contains
soils with severe limitations. However, severe soil limitations for septic systems
can be mitigated in areas where public sewer service is available, as is the case
within the corporate limits of Elizabeth City. The impact of adequate infrastructure
to overcome environmental limitations is demonstrated in Section 3.5, Land
Suitability Analysis; Figure 8, Land Suitability Map; and Section 4.3.3, Consistency
with Natural Features and Land Suitability Analyses.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 62 of 270
Section 111.• Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

V li';�w
Age
Figure 3:
Environmental Composite Map
PASQUOTANK COUNTY, NC
Legend e
---- Proposed Thoroughfares
Major Roads
Elizabeth City Corporate Limits
Elizabeth City ETJ
- Class 3 Serious Hazards & Limitations
Class 2 Moderate Hazards & Limitations
_ Class 1 Minimal Hazards & Limitations
NY
THE WOOTEN COMPANY
OMOes
Printed on August 13, 2009 0 os r 2
f�
\ 34 d
Pa
*, N Ij_ y Pesquotank River
INC
SI.;J VP Creek)
• � J
G <� ch
�JW
j' >M
Big
ALBEMARLE SOUND
L
P.
h,
Ik
The preparation of this map was financed in part through a grant provided by the North
NbCoastal
Carolina Coastal Management Program, through funds provided by the Coastal Zone
Management Act of 1972, as amended, which is administered by the Office of Ocean a.
Resource Management, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.

0
h
L
Figure 3: Environnemental Conditions Composite Map
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 63 of 270
Section III.- Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

3.2.3 Assessment of Environmental Conditions
A. Water Quality Assessment
Pasquotank County is located entirely within the Pasquotank River Basin. The
July 2002 Pasquotank River Basinwide Water Quality Plan prepared by the NC
Division of Water Quality has been used as the primary source for the
assessment of water quality.
Pasquotank River Basin. The basin lies within the Coastal Plain
Physiographic Region. The geology of this area consists of alternating layers of
sand, silt, clay, and limestone. The land is relatively flat sloping downward at a
rate of only a few feet per mile. The average drainage area per stream mile is
0.13 square mile, the lowest drainage density per stream mile in the state.
Areas with low drainage density are characterized with low flood peaks, low
sediment production, and relatively high suitability for traditional agriculture.
Pasquotank County is within sub -basins 03-01-50 and 03-01-52. The northern,
eastern, and southeastern portions of Pasquotank County, including the City of
Elizabeth City, are within sub -basin 03-01-50. The County comprises
approximately 40% of this sub -basin. Portions of eastern Camden County are
also with sub -basin 03-01-50. The western, southwestern, and southern
portions of Pasquotank County are within sub -basin 03-01-52. The County
comprises approximately 20% of this sub -basin. The majority of sub -basin 03-
01-52 is within Perquimans County.
f
KQ
Sub -basin
Sub -basin
.......................................Area and... Population
....._....... _
Area (Sq. Miles)_..__._
_._._..... _.._......_. ........_........_.._........�.._._._...._..
._..._......__Basinwide..............03-01-50.....__.._.._......_._U3-01...-52
_......_....._...__.........._.__.._.._
.._..._......__...._......_..._._..._...._..........__......_
....... _........ _....... .
_.......
_Total Area
3,635
454
541
% Total Area —
_
_
100%�
_
— 12.5%
14.9%—
Total Land Area
_
2,130
390
_
399
% Total Land Area
100%
18.3%
18.7%
Total Water Area
1,504
64
142
% Total Water Area
100%
4.3%
9.4%
Population
_....................._.._...._.._...._...__..._._.........._....._....._......._......_........__........._...._..........................
W...___......_._......_...._..___.........._.._.._....__..
...... _...............
._._.._......._......._._......_.._...._......_....._._.....
1990 Population —_........_—..... ...... _._-....... __.._.... —.._..._...__97,215
_ _
_ 31,369__.._...._._.—_
18,399
0% 1990 Po ulp ation —
100%
_32.3%
18.9%_
Population Density (persons per s . mile
46
80
46
Source: Pasquotank River Basinwide Water Quality Plan, January 2002
RM
Sub -basin Sub -basin
Type of Land Cover
Basinwide
03-01-50
03-01-52
Forest/Wetland
38%
46%
32%
Surface Water
41 %
18%
28%
Urban
_.__....—__._...._.._.._.._..—......... _..—_....___.._..._.—_._..__._.
1%
<1%
<1%
Cultivated Crop _ _ _
_._._._._.____.__....-
_....._...._.—.. _
19%
34%
.._..___.... _
39%
Pasture/Managed Herbaceous
1 %
1 %
.—__....-.—.-.---.._..
1 %
Source: Pasquotank River Basinwide Water Quality Plan, January 2002
Pasquotank County / Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 64 of 270
Section III: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

Water quality is generally good within the Pasquotank River Basin. The main
' water quality issue within the Pasquotank River Basin is habitat degradation,
including loss of riparian vegetation, channelization, and erosion. The Little
River is the only water body within Pasquotank County that is on the 303(d) list
' of waters not meeting water quality standards or which have impaired uses (see
details in description of sub -basin 03-01-52).
Sub -basin 03-01-50. The January 2002 Basinwide Assessment Report for the
' Pasquotank River Basin noted that the rapid conversion of wetlands in this sub -
basin, specifically those located within the headwaters of the Pasquotank River,
to agriculture or silviculture use. Negative changes to water quality in New
' Begun Creek were associated with large amounts of agricultural and/or urban
land use. Few water quality problems were found for the portion of the
Albemarle Sound within this sub -basin. Nutrient levels were low and there were
few signs of algal blooms. In the Pasquotank River, however, nutrients were
elevated and some blooms had been documented. Because nutrient
concentrations were the greatest upstream of Elizabeth City and the City's
' wastewater treatment plant, it was determined that non -point sources were the
major sources of nutrients. Effluent toxicity monitoring at the Elizabeth City
wastewater treatment plant and at the US Coast Guard Base facility showed no
' failures in 2000, although the Elizabeth City discharge had shown occasional
failures prior to 2000. Analysis of sediment contamination in the Pasquotank
River near Elizabeth City indicated elevated concentrations of metals and
' pesticides.
The surface waters within this sub -basin are fully supporting designated uses or
not rated based upon recent Division of Water Quality monitoring. However,
monitoring data revealed some impacts to water quality. While the 2002
Basinwide Water Quality Plan recommended no required action, voluntary
implementation of Best Management Practices is encouraged and continued
I
monitoring is recommended.
The 2002 Basinwide Plan noted that there are indications that urban storm
' water runoff may be adversely affecting water quality in the Pasquotank River
near Elizabeth City. Chronic overflows to Knobbs Creek from the Elizabeth City
wastewater treatment plant were noted as a possible source. The Division of
' Water Quality determined the overflows did not warrant a Special Order by
Consent and concluded that the facility has maintenance issues with insufficient
operational oversight.
Sub -basin 03-01-52. The January 2002 Basinwide Assessment Report for the
Pasquotank River Basin noted that non -point source runoff seems to be the
greatest problem in this sub -basin. The non -point source pollution potential
' from cropland was determined to be moderate to high.
The Little River, from its source to the mouth of Halls Creek, is currently rated
' as partially supporting due to low dissolved oxygen levels. The rating refers to
whether the classified uses of the waterbody (the Little River is classified as C,
Sw) are being fully supported, partially supported, or are not supported. A
' summary description of surface water classifications and the classifications of
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 65 of 270
' Section III: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

waters within Pasquotank County is provided in Appendix F. Potential sources
included land development, non -irrigated crop production, off -farm animal
holding/management areas, land development and septic systems. Swamp
conditions combined with agricultural runoff were thought to be contributing to
the low dissolved oxygen levels. The 2002 Basinwide Plan stated that the
Division of Water Quality will determine if the low dissolved oxygen in the Little
River is due to natural conditions or other causes. The Division of Water
Quality will continue to develop biocriteria to better assess use support in
waters with swamp characteristics. Special attention to impacts to identified
basinwide local primary nursery areas was recommended. Growth
management was determined to be imperative to maintain good water quality.
The surface waters within this sub -basin are fully supporting designated uses or
not rated based upon recent Division of Water Quality monitoring. However,
monitoring data revealed some impacts to water quality. While the 2002
Basinwide Water Quality Plan recommended no required action, voluntary
implementation of Best Management Practices is encouraged and continued
monitoring is recommended.
Growth management techniques for mitigating the negative impacts of land
development on water quality include limiting the amount of impervious cover
and retaining and restoring vegetated riparian buffers and wetlands. A
wetlands restoration project for portions of the two sub -basins is targeted by the
North Carolina Ecosystem Enhancement Program (NCEEP). A Local
Watershed Restoration Plan is currently underway that will identify wetland
areas, contiguous reaches of stream, and contiguous strips of buffer vegetation
that, once restored, will provide significant water quality and other
environmental benefits. The NC Ecosystem Enhancement Program is a non -
regulatory program established by the NC General Assembly in 1996 to restore
wetlands, streams and streamside (riparian) areas throughout the state. The
goals of the NCEEP are to:
• Protect and improve water quality by restoring wetland, stream and
riparian area functions and values lost through historic, current and
future impacts.
• Achieve a net increase in wetland acreage, functions and values in
all of North Carolina's major river basins.
• Promote a comprehensive approach for the protection of natural
resources.
• Provide a consistent approach to address compensatory mitigation
requirements associated with wetland, stream, and buffer
regulations, and to increase the ecological effectiveness of
compensatory mitigation projects
The Pasquotank River Local Watershed Plan, 2003 inventoried existing
watershed conditions in a 454.5 square -mile area that includes portions of
Pasquotank County and all of the City of Elizabeth City. A discussion of the
findings of the Plan and recommended strategies for improving and protecting
watershed function related to water quality, hydrology, and habitat is provided in
Section 3.3.5.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 66 of 270
Section III.• Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

F
u
B. Impaired Waters
Section 303(d) of the Clean Water Act requires states to develop a list of waters
not meeting water quality standards or which have impaired uses. Listed
waters must be prioritized and a management strategy or total maximum daily
load must subsequently be developed for all listed waters.
The 2004 North Carolina 303(d) Impaired Waters List includes 11.8 miles of the
Little River, located within sub -basin 03-01-52, from its source to the mouth of
Halls Creek. The impaired use is aquatic life propagation and the reason for
the listing is low dissolved oxygen. Potential sources for this impairment
include non -irrigated crop production, off -farm animal holding/management
area, land development, and onsite wastewater systems. This particular
waterbody was has been listed as impaired since 1998. No waterbodies within
sub -basin 03-01-50 are listed as impaired.
C. Closed Shell fishing Areas
The North Carolina Shellfish Sanitation and Recreational Water Quality Section
of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources is responsible for
protecting the consuming public from shellfish and crustacean which could
cause illness. Rules and regulations following national guidelines have been
implemented to ensure the safety of harvesting waters and the proper
sanitation of establishments which process shellfish and crustacean for sale to
the general public. Waters are sampled regularly and closed if levels of fecal
coli form indicate that harvesting shellfish from those waters could cause a
public health risk.
Closed shell fishing areas in the waters in Pasquotank County include New
Begun Creek, Halls Creek, Symonds Creek, Big Flatly Creek, the Pasquotank
River from north of Elizabeth City to New Begun Creek, and Little River from
Halls Creek to Big Flatty Creek. Closed shell fishing areas are delineated in
Figure 2, Natural Features Map. These waters have been closed to shell
fishing for many years. There are no major productive shell fishing areas in
Pasquotank County.
' Land uses that potentially adversely impact shell fishing waters include the
conversion of undeveloped and underdeveloped land to more intensive land
uses, wastewater treatment plants, industrial uses, and the intensive urban
' development in and near the downtown waterfront. Increased storm water
runoff from developed uses also can adversely impact shell fishing waters.
' D. Natural Hazards
The table below provides information concerning the major hurricane and
tropical storms that have impacted the Pasquotank County area since 1950:
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 67 of 270
' Section III: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

Aix,r1.4 b
- Pasquotank County
Name
Date
Time
Type
Mag
Deaths
Injuries
Property
Damage
Crop_
Damage
Bertha
7/12/1996
5:00 PM
Hurricane
N/A
0
0
- 200K
30K -
Fran
9/5/1996
6:00 PM-
Hurricane
N/A
0
0
1.OM
0
Josephine
10/7/1996
6:00 PM
Tropical Storm
N/A
0
0
100K
0
Bonnie
8/26/1998
8:00 PM
Hurricane
N/A
1
0
13AM
0
Dennis
9/1/1999
12:00 AM
Hurricane
N/A
0
0
35K
0
Floyd
_-----
9/15/1999
--. _._.__
12:00 PM
_-_.....
Hurricane --
N/A
0
^ 0
12.01VI
63AM
Irene
__.._..._......._..._.... __._...
Isabel
10/17/1999
----.._.._._..-
9/18/2003
4:00 PM
..._......__..._..............
3:00 AM
—..___..._....._._-.-.-___-.............._..._.__.._.__...._._..._....___._._......_.._-.
Hurricane
_...._...... _._.__._..._..-__
Hurricane/typhoon
N/A
_--..-
N/A
0
.... ----...._......._........_._........__...._...._.-----._...
1
0
0
31 K
16.9M
0
0
Totals:
2
0
43.666M
63.430M
Source: National Climatic Data Center, July 2004
In addition to the hurricane and tropical storms that have impacted the
Pasquotank County area since 1950, other major weather -related events
include thunderstorm wind and high winds (52), hail (12), tornados (11), winter
storms (10), and floods (5).
Both Pasquotank County and Elizabeth City participate in the National Flood
Insurance Program by adopting and enforcing floodplain management
ordinances to help reduce future flood damage. In exchange, the National
Flood Insurance Program makes Federally -backed flood insurance available to
homeowners, renters, and business owners. As of December 2003, there were
976 National Flood Insurance Program policies in force within the Elizabeth City
jurisdiction and 622 within the County's jurisdiction. The amount of the policies
totaled $100.2 million in Elizabeth City and over $89.9 million within the County.
According to loss statistics data from the Federal Emergency Management
Agency (FEMA) for the period January 1978 to December 2003, 162 claims
were filed in Elizabeth City and the amount of payments made totaled
approximately $1.43 million. During the same time period, 116 claims were
filed in Pasquotank County and over $552,000 in payments were made.
The Pasquotank County/Elizabeth City Hazard Mitigation Plan, July 2005,
identifies and analyzes natural hazards, evaluates vulnerability to natural
hazards, assesses the county and City's capability to mitigate the effects of
natural hazards, and outlines mitigation strategies and policies.
The Pasquotank County and Elizabeth City hazard mitigation goals, as outlined
in the Hazard Mitigation Plan, are to:
To regulate the location and type of development to mitigate the
effects of natural hazards and promote public safety.
To provide for open space and other natural areas in areas
vulnerable to hazards.
To provide for protection of critical institutions and infrastructure from
the effects of natural and technological hazards.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 68 of 270
Section III: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

• To accommodate future growth in disaster -resistant areas.
As part of the Hazard Mitigation
Planning process, Critical Facilities were
'
identified within Pasquotank County and the City of Elizabeth City essential to
the health, safety and viability of the community. These are buildings, services
and utilities without which residents and businesses cannot survive for long.
'
Each facility has a brief summary,
contact, description of its crucial role and
estimated replacement value. Critical Facilities located in areas that are
'
particularly vulnerable to flooding and damages from hurricanes have been
identified from past history and geographic location. Future development of
Critical Facilities includes a new Public Safety Building which will house the
Pasquotank-Camden 911 Center and Emergency Management Agency and the
'
Pasquotank Sheriff Office to be
located at Colonial and Poole Street in
Elizabeth City. Also under development is a new Albemarle District Jail to be
relocated at the Pasquotank Commerce Park off U.S. 17 North.
'
in the Hazard
Mitigation Plan include:
The Critical Facilities identified
•
A. Parker Midgette Building
• K.E. White Continuing Education
•
Albemarle District Jail
Center
•
Albemarle Hospital
• Knobbs Creek Recreation Center
•
Albemarle Regional Health Services
• National Guard Armory
American Red Cross
• NC Department of Transportation
'
•
Camden Causeway Bridge/Bridges
• NC Department of Forestry District 7
•
College of the Albemarle
Office
Elizabeth City Fire Department-
• NC Dominion Power
'
Station 1
• Pasquotank-Camden Central
•
Elizabeth City Fire Department-
Communications
Station 2
• Pasquotank-Camden Emergency
'
•
Elizabeth City — Pasquotank
Management
Regional Airport
• Pasquotank-Camden Emergency
•
Elizabeth City/Pasquotank School
Medical Services
Administrative Offices
• Pasquotank Correctional Institution
'
•
Central Elementary School
• Pasquotank County Center of
•
Elizabeth City Middle School
Cooperative Extension Service
'
•
H.L. Trigg Community School
J.C. Sawyer Elementary School
• Pasquotank County Courthouse
(Pasquotank Administrative Offices,
•
Northside Elementary School
Sheriff Office, & Tax Assessor
•
Pasquotank Elementary School
Office)
Pasquotank High School
• Pasquotank County Water
'
•
P.W. Moore Elementary School
Department
•
Northeastern High School
• Pasquotank-Newland Volunteer Fire
'
River Road Middle School
Dept.
• Pasquotank-Nixonton Volunteer Fire
•
Sheep -Harney Elementary School
Dept.
Weeksville Elementary School
• Pasquotank-Providence Volunteer
Elizabeth City Police Department
Fire Dept.
'
•
Elizabeth City Public Utilities
Pasquotank Social Services
•
Elizabeth City State University
Roanoke Bible College
•
Food Bank of the Albemarle
Salvation Army
Salvation
'
H. Rick Gardner Building (Elizabeth
W lle Volunteer Fire Dept.
City Administrative Offices)
(Soundneck Substation)
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan
Page 69 of 270
Section
III: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

A map delineating the general location of the Critical Facilities is provided in
the Hazard Mitigation Plan.
Implementation actions and strategies contained in the Hazard Mitigation
Plan specifically related to land use planning include:
• Amend the Pasquotank County Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance and
the Elizabeth City Flood Hazard Overlay requirements to increase the
minimum lowest floor elevation of structures located within flood hazard
areas to 1 feet above the base flood elevation.
• Minimize construction of impervious surfaces within the floodplain.
• Zoning ordinances should incorporate shoreline vegetation buffers as a
stipulation to development in and near Areas of Environmental Concern
(AEC).
• Amend the zoning ordinances to include regulations for underground
chemical and gasoline storage tanks
• Revise the zoning and subdivision ordinances to increase lot sizes in
areas with poor soils.
• Amend the zoning ordinances to require lightning detection devices in
public outdoor gathering areas such as school stadiums and ball fields.
• Amend the zoning ordinance to require storm shelters in all mobile home
areas and subdivisions.
Areas of repetitive flooding that have been identified by the Emergency
Management Coordinator include the following:
Northern Portions of Pasquotank County
• Property extending along Millpond Road to approximately 4/10
mile along Morgan's Corner Road.
• Property extending along Blindman Road.
• Property extending along US Highway 158 West beginning
approximately 3/10 mile east of Blindman Road to the Gates
County line.
• Property extending along Lynch's Corner Road.
• Property extending along Tadmore Road, Long Lane and Upriver
Road.
• Property extending along Lambs Grove Road and Temple Road
• Property extending along Crooked Run Road from its intersecting
point at Fire Tower Road including property along Palmer Drive
and Wet Patch Road.
Southern Portion of Pasquotank County
• Property extending along Halls Creek Road from Four Forks Road
to Old US 17 South.
• Property extending along Twiford Road, Commander Road,
Sawmill Road and extending to areas along Salem Church Road
and into the lower lying areas just a few hundred feet into Griffin
Swamp Road.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 70 of 270
Section III.• Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

• Property extending along Weeksville Road from its intersecting
point with Peartree Road and Salem Church Road to
approximately 2/10th mile south of Ball Road.
'
Property extending along Soundneck Road from its intersecting
point with Esclip Road, including property along Frog Island Road
'
and property located within Glen Cove subdivision.
City of Elizabeth City
• Property extending along the following roads:
o A Street o Hunter Street
o Agawam Street o Jones Avenue
'
o Albemarle Street o Madrin Street
o B Street o Massachusetts Avenue
o Barlett Avenue o Morgan Street
o Boston Avenue o North & South Dyer Street
'
o Brooks Avenue o North & South Martin Street
o Cahoon Lane o Park Street
o Cale Street o Perquimans Avenue
'
o Camden Avenue o Pool Street
o Catalina Avenue o Preyer Avenue
o Cedar Street o Raleigh Street
'
o Cobb Street o Riverside Avenue
o Culpepper Street o Roanoke Avenue
o Dawson Street o Robbins Avenue
o E. Church Street o Shannon Street
o E. Colonial Avenue o Shephard Street
o E. Main Street o Southern Avenue
o Elliot Street o Spellman Street
'
o Fairfax Avenue o Tatem Lane
o Flora Street o Tuscarora Avenue
o Goodwin Avenue o Walston Street
'
o Grice Street o Wareham Street
o Hampton Drive o Washington Street
o White Street
o Witherspoon Street
'
o Wood Street
See also section 3.4.4 C Existing Drainage Problems for streets that are not
'
within the 100-year floodplain, but still have drainage problems.
'
E. Natural Resources
Environmentally fragile areas and natural resource areas that may be
impacted as a result of incompatible development are delineated in Section
3.2.1. Identified environmentally fragile areas include AEC, flood hazard
'
areas, storm surge areas, non -coastal wetlands, and public water supply
watersheds. Natural resource areas include prime farmland areas and
Significant Natural Heritage Areas.
F. Summary of Limitations on and Opportunities for Development
Land development activity within most environmentally fragile areas is subject
'
to local, state, and/or federal restrictions. Local land use regulations such as
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 71 of 270
' Section III.- Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

zoning ordinances, subdivision ordinances, public water supply watershed
ordinances, storm water management ordinances, and flood damage
prevention ordinance include specific standards for land development
activities. Site -specific soil analyses are required by the Albemarle Regional
Health Services to evaluate the suitability of a particular parcel for a septic
system. Encouraging good site planning principles and Best Management
Practices can assist with mitigating the impacts of land development on
environmentally fragile areas.
Development within the designated Areas of Environmental Concern (AEC) is
limited by CAMA regulations and development guidelines. Generally, the
development standards for coastal wetlands, estuarine waters, and public
trust areas permit only water -dependent uses such as navigation channels,
dredging projects, docks, piers, bulkheads, boat ramps, groins, and bridges.
Priority is given to the conservation of these AECS. The CAMA standards for
estuarine shoreline development generally require that: (i) the development
not cause significant damage to estuarine resources; (ii) the development not
interfere with public rights of access to or use of navigable waters or public
resources; (iii) the development preserve and not weaken natural barriers to
erosion; (iv) impervious surfaces not exceed 30% of the lot area located
within the AEC boundary; (v) the development comply with state soil erosion,
sedimentation, and storm water management regulations; and (vi) the
development comply with the CAMA Land Use Plans. Specific CAMA
development standards for AEC can be found in 15 NCAC 7H.
The US Army Corps of Engineers is responsible for regulating non -coastal or
'404' wetlands. Authorization must be obtained from the Corps prior to
disturbing such wetlands.
Areas with prime farmland soils are also well suited to urban uses. The loss
of prime farmland to other land uses is anticipated to continue particularly on
the immediate periphery of the Elizabeth City urban area where more
intensive growth is also well suited due to the existing infrastructure in the
area. County policies and land use regulations can assist with guiding
incompatible land development away from existing agricultural areas.
Mechanisms such as the establishment of voluntary agricultural districts can
also assist in protecting farms from non -farm development.
Opportunities exist for the conservation of fragile areas and natural resource
areas through both private and public means. Private land trusts and
conservancies are tax-exempt organizations that acquire and preserve
natural areas, open spaces, and historical properties. Such organizations
offer mechanisms such as conservation easements to protect natural
resources (natural habitats, places of scenic beauty, farms, forestlands,
floodplains, watersheds, etc.) while also providing compensation and possible
tax incentives to private property owners. Tax incentive programs, such as
the North Carolina Conservation Tax Credit Program, provide opportunities
for property owners donating land for conservation purposes to receive tax
credits. State and local governments may also accept land donations for
conservation purposes.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 72 of 270
Section III.• Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

Public land use regulations, such as conservation design subdivision
requirements, can be developed to assist with the conservation of
environmentally sensitive areas and open space as land is being subdivided
into building parcels.
The potential for sand, rock, and gravel deposits suitable for extraction is
limited in Pasquotank County. According to ratings made by the Natural
Resources Conservation Service of soils as a source of sand and gravel, all
of the soils in Pasquotank County are rated as 'fair' or `poor' as a sand source
and all of the soil classifications are rated as 'poor' as a gravel source.
Currently, there are twenty-nine excavation operations within the county.
DEHNR's mining permit inventory lists seventeen active sand and gravel
mining permits that involve a total of 407 permitted acres.
According to Forest Statistics for North Carolina, 2002, 41,000 acres (or
approximately 38%) of Pasquotank County's total land area is forest land. Of
that total amount of timberland, 13,600 acres (33%) is owned by the forestry
industry, 5,300 acres (13%) is owned by the State of North Carolina, and
22,100 acres (54%) is in non -industrial, private ownership.
3.3 Analysis of Land Use and Land Development
Subchapter 7B .0702(c)(3) requires that the land use plan describe and quantify existing
land use patterns, identify potential land use and land use/water conflicts, determine
future development trends, and project future land needs.
3.3.1 Existing Land Use Analysis
Section 3.3.1 provides a description and analysis of existing land uses in
Pasquotank County and Elizabeth City as well as maps of existing land use
patterns.
A. Pasquotank County
The major amount of developed land in Pasquotank County outside of the
Elizabeth City planning and zoning jurisdiction is located immediately on the
fringe of Elizabeth City and along the US 17 Business corridor. Elsewhere,
developed lands are comprised primarily of widely scattered residential
subdivisions and clusters of low density residential development at crossroad
communities like Morgan's Corner, Weeksville, and Nixonton and along the
Pasquotank River and Little River waterfronts. Single-family detached
residences and manufactured homes on individual lots are the most
predominant types of developed land uses. Farmland is scattered throughout
the County and developed land uses are oftentimes randomly interspersed
with agriculturally -used tracts.
Residential. Residential land uses consist primarily of single-family
detached dwellings and manufactured homes on individual lots. Pockets of
low density residential development are located on the northwest fringe of
Elizabeth City off of Main Street Extension, adjacent to the US 17 Business
North and the US Highway 17 South corridors, and along the Pasquotank
River waterfront southeast of the US Coast Guard Base. Other
concentrations of low density residential development are widely scattered
throughout the southeastern peninsula of the County, particularly along the
Pasquotank County I Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 73 of 270
' Section III: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

Pasquotank and Little River waterfronts. Existing low density residential
ranges from less than 1-2 dwelling units per acre. Existing medium to high
density residential ranges from approximately 3-8 units per acre.
Commercial. The overwhelming majority of commercially -used land is
located along the US 17 corridor southeast and northwest of Elizabeth City.
These commercial corridor areas contain retail, personal and business
services, and office uses. A very small amount of commercial property is
located in the Morgan's Corner and Lynch's Corner crossroad communities.
Institutional/Public. The largest institutional land use is the U.S. Coast
Guard Base and the Elizabeth City-Pasquotank County Regional Airport
property located southeast of Elizabeth City adjacent to NC Highway 34.
Other institutional land uses include the Pasquotank Correctional Institute at
Commerce Park, public schools, churches and places of worship, and
cemeteries. The northwest tip of the County is within the Dismal Swamp
National Wildlife Refuge.
Industrial. The largest concentration of industrial uses is located in the
Pasquotank County Commerce Park in the southeast quadrant of the US 17
Business and US 17 Bypass intersection. Widely scattered single -parcel
industrial uses are located in several portions of the County. There are no
water -dependent industrial uses within the County's planning jurisdiction.
Agricultural. The majority of large agriculturally -used tracts are located in
the west central portion of the County. Farmland is scattered throughout
much of the northeastern and southeastern portions of Pasquotank County.
Several large-scale confined animal feeding operations are located in the
County.
Forestry. The forestry category includes general areas identified in aerial
photographs that are predominantly forested. There are no significant
commercial forestry operations within the County's planning jurisdiction.
Undeveloped. Undeveloped and underdeveloped properties are widely
scattered throughout much of the County. Much of the undeveloped land is
within floodplains and wetlands areas. The majority of the vacant tracts are
currently zoned as A-1 or A-2, Agricultural. Most of the vacant tracts have
potential for low density residential development.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 74 of 270
Section 111: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

Dismal Swamp
Wildlife Pelage
M p oU numDr
0!0 !Y[aO iE
n v
a4 �.rt
wq.k,
The preparation of this map was financed in part through a grant provided by the North
Carolina Coastal Management Program, through funds provided by the Coastal Zone
Management Act of 1972, as amended, which is administered by the Office of Ocean and
Coastal Resource Management, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
Figure 4A: Existing Land Use
PASQUOTANK COUNTY, NC
Legend
— Major Roads
USDA Hydrological Units
�_-- Elizabeth City Corporate Limits
_ Elizabeth City Planning Jurisdiction
Existing Land Use
Undeveloped
- Commercial
— Industrial
Manufactured Housing
— Institutional & Public
Residential
Agricultural Land
n Forestry
(� Confined Hog Operations
Printed on December 16, 2011 . — „

Figure 4A: Pasquotank County Existing
' Land Use Map
L
I
k
0
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 75 of 270
' SectionIII.- Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

B. Elizabeth City
Elizabeth City, being a commercial, governmental, and housing center for the
region, contains a wide variety of developed land uses. Residential uses are
more varied and include a wider range of density types. The City also
contains a higher intensity of nonresidential land use.
Residential. The City contains a variety of residentially -used properties.
Most of the medium and high density residential development surrounds the
downtown area and is generally bounded by Ward Street on the north, the
Pasquotank River on the east, Halstead Boulevard/NC 34 on the south, and
Hughes Boulevard on the west. Five nationally registered historic districts
comprise much of the medium density residential development. These
districts include the Main Street Residential District, Northside Historic
District, Shepard Street -South Road Street Historic District, Riverside Historic
District, and Elizabeth City State Teachers College Historic District. Other
medium and high density residential properties include scattered multifamily
developments and manufactured home parks. Existing low density
residential ranges from 1-5 dwelling units per acre. Existing medium to high
density residential ranges from approximately 7-20 units per acre.
Low density residential properties are situated on the periphery of the
medium and high density residential area described above and include
numerous scattered subdivision developments. Major low density residential
areas are located off of Parkview Drive, Rivershore Road, Main Street
Extension, Forest Park Road, Oak Stump Road, and Peartree Road.
Commercial. Retail, personal services, and business services are
concentrated in the downtown area and adjacent to major highways —Hughes
Boulevard, Ehringhaus Street, and Halstead Boulevard. Major retail
shopping facilities are located in the eastern and southern quadrants of the
Ehringhaus Street/Halstead Blvd. intersection and at the intersection of
Hughes Boulevard and Ehringhaus Street.
A portion of the downtown area is within the Main Street Commercial Historic
District. The downtown area contains a mixture of commercial, office,
institutional, and public land uses. Several marine commercial service
businesses are located along the Pasquotank River waterfront in the
downtown/Camden Causeway area.
Institutional/Public. Major institutional uses include public facilities such as
Elizabeth City State University, Albemarle Hospital, College of the Albemarle,
Museum of the Albemarle, municipal parks and recreational facilities, City
and County governmental offices and facilities, and public schools. Private
institutional uses include the Roanoke Bible College, numerous churches and
places of worship, and cemeteries.
Industrial. The majority of the industrially -used land is located north of Ward
Street and along Knobbs Creek Drive; along the US 17 Business corridor
from Elizabeth Street to Knobbs Creek; in the Elizabeth City-Pasquotank
County Industrial Park between NC 34 and the CSX Railroad; north and
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 76 of 270
Section III: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

southeast of the central business district; and at the US 17 Industrial Park at
George Wood Drive. Due to wetlands and CAMA regulations, development
along the waterfront is limited. Currently, there are very limited water -
dependent industrial uses: one use consists of a barge shipping raw
materials; another use is a boatyard.
Undeveloped. Large tracts of undeveloped and/or underdeveloped land
exist within the City's ETJ north of Knobbs Creek Road, along the northeast
and southwest sides of Parsonage Street Extension, between Main Street
Extension and West Church Street Extension, and in the southwestern,
southern, and southeastern fringes of the ETJ. However, much of this
undeveloped land is located within the floodplains of the Pasquotank River,
Knobbs Creek, and Charles Creek or within wetlands areas and, therefore,
presents constraints for future development. Undeveloped acreage along
Wellfield Road is within the City's wellfield protection area. A small amount
the undeveloped acreage within the City's ETJ is actively used for agricultural
purposes, particularly in the northwestern and southeastern portions of the
ETJ. The majority of the vacant tracts are currently zoned R-15, Residential.
Most of the vacant tracts have potential for low to medium density residential
development. Vacant parcels along the US Highway 17 Business corridor
are primarily zoned as GB, General Business; HB, Highway Business; and I-
2, General Industrial. The vacant parcels in the Camden County portion of
Elizabeth City along US Highway 158 are zoned as CMU, Causeway Mixed
Use.
C. Historic, Cultural, and Scenic Areas
Elizabeth City has six National Register historic districts -- Northside,
Shepard -South Road Street, Riverside, Elizabeth City State Teachers
College, Elizabeth City, and Expansion to the Elizabeth City. Two these
districts, the Elizabeth City and Expanded Elizabeth City are also local
historic districts and are overseen by the Elizabeth City Historic Preservation
Commission for the purposes of protecting and conserving the heritage of
Elizabeth City. The additional districts are recognized by the National
Register for their landmarks, resources, and connection to the City's past. To
the extent that City staff is able to work with property owners and
preservationists, effort is made to protect, preserve, enhance and promote
the historic character of these additional historic neighborhoods, structures
and resources. The locations of the historic districts are shown in Figure 4C.
A comprehensive survey of Pasquotank County and Elizabeth City resulted in
the publication in 1989 of an architectural survey entitled, On the Shores of
the Pasquotank: The Architectural Heritage of Elizabeth City and Pasquotank
County in 1989. Pasquotank County listings in the National Register of
Historic Places include the following properties and districts (the date given is
the date listed in the National Register).
h
Pasquotank County I Elizabeth City CA MA Land Use Plan Page 77 of 270
' Section III: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

Figure 4B: Elizabeth City Existing Land Use Map
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City LAMA Land Use Plan Page 78 of 270
Section III: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

11
Figure 4B: Existing Land Use
ELIZABETH CITY, NC
Legend
— Proposed Thoroughfares
— Major Roads
Elizabeth City Corporate Limits
Elizabeth City Planning Jurisdiction
Downtown WaterfrontArea
Exlstlng Land Use
Undeveloped
Low Density Residential
Medium Density Residential
High Density Residential
Public & Institutional
- Commercial
Industrial
Printed on December 19, 2011
1 inch = 3.000 feet
Mb
0 ozs os 1
17
c Downtown
r Waterfront
g; ���". Camden Ca
L E
Main
A
All
St
1M'
h m m
� Riverside Ave/
0 y
Halstead Blvd
US�
17
17
Man St Conngyo- � -
The preparation of this map was financed in part through a grant provided by the North
Carolina Coastal Management Program, through funds provided by the Coastal Zone
Management Act of 1972, as amended which is administered by the Office of Ocean and
Coastal Resource Management. National Oceanic and Atmosphenc Administration
V

Figure 4C: Elizabeth City Existing Historic Sites Map
L
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 79 of 270
' SectionIII.- Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

Elizabeth City Historic District
(Elizabeth City) 10/18/1977
Elizabeth City Water Plant
(Elizabeth City) 3/4/1994
Elizabeth City Historic District
Boundary Expansion
(Elizabeth City) 3/7/1994
Elizabeth City State
Teachers College Historic
District (Elizabeth City)
2/28/1994
Episcopal Cemetery
(Elizabeth City) 4/21/1994
Grice-Fearing House
(Elizabeth City 10/18/1977
Morgan House (Morgan's
Corner 2/1/1972
Newland Road (nine ft brick
rd) Site 31 PK5 (Archaeology)
(Providence 4/14/1983
Norfolk Southern Railroad
Passenger Station (Elizabeth
City) 2/25/1994
Northside Historic District
(Elizabeth City) 3/4/1994
Old Brick House (Elizabeth
City 3/16/1972
Riverside Historic District
(Elizabeth City) 3/11/1994
Shepard Street -South Road Street Historic District (Elizabeth City) 3/11/1994
Elizabeth City boasts a rich architectural history within its six nationally
recognized historic districts. These districts contain excellent examples of
Victorian, Antebellum, Greek, Gothic, Federal, and Italianate Revival Styles.
Elizabeth City currently has one locally designated Historic District, which is
comprised of portions of the West Main Street District and the Downtown
District. The purpose of the locally designated District is to assist in the
protection of important social, economic, cultural, architectural and historical
elements within the City by regulating all exterior changes for properties
within its boundaries.
Issues and concerns regarding historic preservation include:
• New structures have been built with little sensitivity to their context
with the surrounding environment.
• There are a high percentage of residential structures within the City
that are not owner occupied. Many of these residences are historic
structures which are poorly maintained and have a higher density
than is allowed by current zoning regulations.
The City's historic preservation objectives include:
• Protect historic properties, while promoting their rehabilitation and
use.
Facilitate and support the revitalization of neighborhoods and the
downtown business district.
Promote the use of landscaping and preserve existing trees to
improve community appearance.
Utilize and enhance the waterfront for the enjoyment of citizens and
visitors alike.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 80 of 270
Section 111: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

Recommended implementation strategies to assist with historic preservation
efforts include:
• Support the locally designated Historic District and National Register
Districts.
• Seek state and federal grant monies for historic preservation and
community revitalization.
• Develop a public education outreach program utilizing the City's
public access channel, educational materials on preservation
techniques, and an internet site featuring information on the locally
designated Historic District.
• Support the adoption of stronger minimum housing standards and a
demolition by neglect ordinance.
• Strengthen sign regulations and increase enforcement activities.
• Encourage new construction to reflect the context and character of
the existing neighborhood and the adaptive reuse of existing
buildings.
• Continue relationships with organizations that promote historic
preservation in the community including the Elizabeth City Historic
Neighborhood Association, Elizabeth City Downtown, Inc., Museum
of the Albemarle, and Preservation NC.
• Enhance historic neighborhoods with streetscape and infrastructure
improvements consistent with period and style.
• Update the inventory of all historic properties within the City's
jurisdiction.
The North Carolina State Historic Preservation Office inventory contains
information on almost 100 prehistoric and historic archaeology sites in
Pasquotank County. Activities have included an archaeological survey of the
county in which numerous sites were identified and assessed. Twenty-three
shipwrecks located in Pasquotank County were recorded in 1984.
' No officially designated scenic areas existing within the planning areas.
D. Agricultural Land Use
' Based upon information in the 2002 Census of Agriculture, the total number
of farms in Pasquotank County has decreased since 1997 but the number of
acres devoted to farming and the average farm size has increased.
' Approximately 95% of the farmland in Pasquotank County is devoted to crop
production compared to 60% statewide. Major crops produced in the County
include soybeans, corn, wheat, and potatoes. The following table provides a
' comparison of agricultural statistics for Pasquotank County and the State of
North Carolina.
I
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 81 of 270
' Section III: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

Pasquotank County North Carolina
_
2002
1997
Change
2002
1997
Change
No. Farms
157
203
-23%
53,930
59,120
-9616
Ac. In Farms
99,432
87,701
°o....�.
+13 /0
9,079,001
9,444,867
-4 /°
Av. Farm Size
633 ac.
432 ac.
+47%
168 ac.
160 ac.
+5%
Market Value of
$34.6m
$33.3m
+4%
$6,961.6m
$7,832.4m
- -11 %
Production
_........._..... --._...._...._....__._._...._..-........._._._.__..........._.....
Government
$1.7m
....... —._
$0.8m
.._._._.._... _ �....._..----.._..-_......_
+121%
...._
$97.7m
_ _...-- .._.....-
$52.5m
—...._—..
+86%
Payments
Source: Census of Agriculture, 2002
E. Downtown Waterfront Development
The downtown area is one of the oldest parts of Elizabeth City and covers the
original site of the town. As with many cities across the nation, it has
experienced the problem of deterioration and flight from the downtown area.
However, Elizabeth City has continued to experience a healthy downtown mix
and an active business community. Having its beginnings on the banks of
the Pasquotank River, at one time it was a thriving port community, Elizabeth
City's downtown today is a scenic but underutilized waterfront, and is faced
with important questions concerning future growth and development. There
is a great potential for economic enhancement by fully utilizing its waterfront.
Therefore, the City must carefully consider the options available for managing
it precious shoreline resources.
With the financial assistance of a CAMA grant, the City hired Allison Platt &
Associates to create a waterfront master plan. The Elizabeth City Waterfront
Master Plan, June 2001 was prepared as a framework for redevelopment of
the waterfront over a 5-10 year period. The Waterfront Plan has not been
officially adopted by the City. The study area for the Waterfront Plan included
Water Street from the backs of buildings on the west side of Water Street to
the river, from the Camden Causeway bridge to the intersection of Water
Street with Riverside Avenue/Shepard Street, and then east from there along
both side of Riverside Avenue to the end of the marina property. Figure 4B
shows the general location of the waterfront study area. The majority of the
downtown waterfront is located within a historic district which would impact
redevelopment in the area with regards to historic preservation.
The Waterfront Master Plan included a review of waterfront strengths, issues,
and existing land use patterns, including an assessment of pedestrian and
public access. A summary of the inventory and analysis section of the Plan
includes the following revitalization strategies:
Current development and property ownership patterns make it
impossible to create a continuous waterfront promenade.
Therefore, Water Street should be improved to become the principal
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 82 of 270
SectionIII. Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

u
u
k
L
.1
7
waterfront pathway;
• Waterfront walkways should be extended to the maximum extent
possible, and future opportunities to acquire rights -of -way should be
pursued;
• Gateways should be installed at the intersections of Water Street
with Ehringhaus and Elizabeth Streets;
• Walkways from Water Street to the water should be improved to
bring people to the water's edge; and
• All vacant land underutilized properties (parking, vacant land and
buildings, and underutilized buildings shown in the drawing as
orange stripes) should be considered as potential sites for new
development that will add to the life of the waterfront.
The Waterfront Master Plan included basic recommendations that represent
possible revitalization opportunities. The Plan was intended as a guide to
solidify community support for goals, objectives, and implementation
strategies for redevelopment of the waterfront area. The basic elements of
the Plan included the following recommendations:
• Two sites in particular are recommended for development.. The first
site is in the center of the waterfront immediately south of Main
Street. The plan recommends a mixed -use project for this site
including- retail, restaurant, and residential. The second site
includes the municipal parking lots on the northwest corner of
Ehringhaus and Water Streets, across from the Museum of the
Albemarle. On the southern portion of this site, a conference
center/hotel and open space is recommended. The northern portion
of the site could become a mixed use project including retail and
restaurants on the ground floor and office or residential above.
Each of these sites was chosen because of its key location and also
because the City controls a significant portion of the properties
involved, making redevelopment easier to manage.
• The second site includes the use of a canal to solve an ongoing
flooding problem. This canal would be designed to become an open
space amenity.
• Other sites along Water Street and the marina site on Riverside
Avenue are also recommended for redevelopment as opportunities
arise.
• A public boating center is recommended to be built in the park to the
south of the Waterworks. This could also include a museum,
display, or 'living classroom' arrangement to educate visitors about
the maritime history of Elizabeth City.
• Water Street is shown as the main pedestrian waterfront pathway.
To accomplish this, major improvements are needed along Water
Street from Elizabeth Street to Shephard Street.
• In order to improve Water Street, the overhead electrical lines
should be consolidated or removed.
• The rights -of -way between Water Street and the waterfront should
become pedestrian priority. All vehicles should be discouraged from
entering this area except those requiring access for delivery or
Pasquotank County I Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 83 of 270
' Section III: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

parking near residential buildings.
• Parking on the public and private properties adjacent to the
Waterfront needs to be reorganized in a major way. Wherever
possible, parking should be designed so that it takes up the
minimum footprint possible along the street. For instance, where
parking bays are located parallel to the street, they should be
moved so they are perpendicular to the street and screened from
both the waterfront and the street. In other locations parking should
be relocated to a site a little further from the water.
• Gateways should be established at the two `ends' of Water Street:
the intersection with Elizabeth Street and the intersection with
Ehringhaus Street.
• Planned improvements to the intersections of Water Street with
Ehringhaus, Main, and Elizabeth Streets should be treated similarly
to the intersection of Poindexter and Fearing in order to slow down
traffic and improve safety for pedestrians.
• Waterside access should be extended as far as possible within the
current constraints of private ownership, and as opportunities arise
in the future, additional rights -of -way for waterside access should be
obtained.
• Any new development should be carefully considered in order to
ensure that it adds to the synergy of the waterfront. To accomplish
this, it is recommended that development controls be put in place to
give the City leverage to negotiate appropriate development..
Activities and strategies that have been implemented since the preparation of
the Waterfront Plan include the completion of a beautification project on Main
Street. Future downtown waterfront activities include the development of a
conference center.
3.3.2 Estimates of Land Area by Land Use Category
Jurisdiction Sq. Miles
Acres
% Acres
Elizabeth City Planning Jurisdiction* _ _
18.5
11,837
_— 8%
Pasquotank County Planning Jurisdiction
208.29
133,306
92%
Total Pasquotank County _
226.79
145,143
100%
..... _...... ...._.._..._..._......_.................. ___.............. .._.... ............ M.._........ .._.... _.................... w....... ......__._............. ....
_Elizabeth City Corporate Limits**
......__,............ -...... .... ..... v....__...__.._.....-...._.
8.86
.......
5,672
.�...._...... __._.... _.............
4%
Unincorporated Pasquotank County
217.94
139,471
_
96%
Total Pasquotank County
226.88
145,143
1 100%
" Includes 57 acres located within the Camden County causeway
** Includes 48 acres located within the Camden County causeway
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 84 of 270
Section III.- Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

Pasquotank County
Elizabeth City Planning
Planning_ Jurisdiction Jurisdiction Totals _
Land Use Category
Acres
%
Acres
%
Acres
%
Residential
2,180
18%
4,460
3%
6,640
5%
Commercial
487
4%
710
1%
1,197
_ 1%
Industrial
216
2%
1 %
1,006_
1 %
Public and Institutional
_
1,164
10%
_790
1,220
1%
2,384
2%
Agriculture
0
0.0%
57,966
43%
__..
57,966
_...._.._._...._
40%
.___._—__-._
—..._._.----..—....—..__.._---.
Forestry
—.__.
0
__...—._ _
0.0%
37,730
28%
37,730
26%
Confined Feeding
Operations
0
—
0.0%
_ 210
0%
210
_ _ 0%
Undeveloped"
7,790
66%
30,220
23%
38,010
25%
._.._....._.---
_
Totals*
_._._..._
11,837
�
100.0%
.� _—..._�...
133,306
_.._^_...._...—_
100.0%
145,143
100%
Source: The Wooten Company, 2004
'
Includes vacant developable land as well as land subject to flood hazard, wetlands, etc.
"* Totals include road rights -of -way and water areas
3.3.3 Description of Land Use and Land UseNVater Quality Conflicts
The following have been identified as existing conflicts that exist in some
sections of Pasquotank County and Elizabeth City.
• Conversion of agricultural and forested land into residential and
other more intensive land uses.
'
• Small lot development in areas with soils that have major
limitations for subsurface septic systems.
• Loss of natural buffers adjacent to streams and waterbodies as
'
land is developed into more intensive land uses.
• Encroachment of incompatible land uses in the vicinity of the
Coast Guard Base and airport.
'
• Intensive land development within 100-year floodplains.
• Loss of potential public water access as land development occurs.
Blighting influence of dilapidated structures on surrounding land
'
uses.
' 3.3.4 Description of Development Trends
Between 1996 and 2003, Pasquotank County averaged over 232 residential
building permits per year, with the highest number being issued in 2003 and the
' lowest, in 1997. Manufactured homes accounted for approximately 58% of all
new residential permits issued during this time. No multi -family dwellings were
constructed within the County's planning jurisdiction between 1996-2003.
During the same time period, the City of Elizabeth City averaged over 91
residential permits per year in addition to seven duplexes, 13 multi -family units,
and five transient buildings with a total of 418 rooms.. The highest number was
issued in 1996 and the lowest, in 2000. Single-family residences accounted for
approximately 71 % of all new residential permits issued during this time period.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 85 of 270
' Section III: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

The subdivision lot approval records from Pasquotank County indicate that the
County averaged approximately 174 new residential building lots and 8
nonresidential lots between 1996 and 2003. Elizabeth City averaged
approximately 190 new residential lots and 92 nonresidential lots during the
same period.
Within Pasquotank County, the townships immediately on the fringe of the City of
Elizabeth City have experienced the most recent growth and development.
Between 1990 and 2000, the fastest growing townships were the Providence
(40.0% increase) and Nixonton (20.5% increase) Townships. The townships with
the lowest growth rates from 1990 to 2000 were the Elizabeth City (-4.22%) and
Salem (-0.99%) Townships which actually lost population during this time period.
The Providence, Nixonton, and Mount Hermon townships encompass over three -
fourths of the total 2000 County population. Township boundaries are shown in
Figure 1, General Location Map.
The Providence, Nixonton, and Mount Hermon townships are the areas expected
to experience the most new development within the next five years. Some of the
most intensive new residential development is anticipated within the general area
bordered by the US 17 Bypass, North Road Street, Hughes Boulevard, and US
17 Business South. Existing patterns of land development and existing support
infrastructure, such as roads and utilities, make these areas more conducive to
future growth and development.
New industrial development is anticipated primarily in the Tanglewood Industrial
Park which is generally located west of the US Highway 17 Bypass in the vicinity
of the Halstead Boulevard Connector interchange. Future commercial
development is expected along the Halstead Boulevard Connector, along the US
17 Business South corridor, and in the vicinity of the intersection of US 17 and
US 158.
Within the Elizabeth City planning jurisdiction, the northwestern, western, and
southwestern fringes of the current corporate area are expected to experience
the majority of the new development within the next five years.
The following table provides data concerning the types and numbers of
residential building permits issued and the types and numbers of new subdivision
lots created during the period 1996 to 2003.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 86 of 270
Section 111. Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

!. M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M
Pasquotank County
................................................. .
Subdivision
Lots
Residential Building
Permits
....................................................................................................................................................
Year Residential
Nonresidential
Total
.......................................................................................................................
Year
SFR
Mfg. Homes
Total
...................................................................................................................................................
1996 110
0
110
.......................................................................................................................
1996
96
134
230
...................................................................................................................................................
1997 215
4
219
........................................................................................................................
1997
86
106
192
...................................................................................................................................................
1998 204
2
206
........................................................................................................................
1998
98
117
215
...................................................................................................................................................
1999 109
1
110
........................................................................................................................
1999
81
153
234
...................................................................................................................................................
2000 175
34
209
.......................................................................................................................
2000
65
163
228
...................................................................................................................................................
2001 163
12
175
........................................................................................................................
2001
80
143
223
...................................................................................................................................................
2002 283
4
287
.......................................................................................................................
2002
116
125
241
...................................................................................................................................................
2003 134
5
139
.......................................................................................................................
2003
166
132
298
...................................................................................................................................................
Total 1393
62
1455
.......................................................................................................................
Total
788
1073
1861
..... . ..............
..................................................................................................................................................
Average 174:1.........................................7:8..................181
.................................
9
........
................g.......
Average
..........................................................................................
................................
98.5
........................................
134.1
232.6
.....................
Source: Pasquotank County ......... .....................
...........................................................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................
City
...........................................................................................................................Elizabeth
Subdivision
Lots
Residential Building
Permits
....................................................................................................................................................
Year Residential
Non -Residential
Total
.......................................................................................................................
Year
SFR
Mfg. Homes
Total
...................................................................................................................................................
1996 191
127
318
.......................................................................................................................
1996
82
59
141
...................................................................................................................................................
1997 204
127
331
.......................................................................................................................
1997
63
38
101
...................................................................................................................................................
1998 218
123
341
.......................................................................................................................
1998
62
22
84
...................................................................................................................................................
1999 172
103
275
.......................................................................................................................
1999
46
32
78
...................................................................................................................................................
2000 161
79
240
.......................................................................................................................
2000
49
18
67
...................................................................................................................................................
2001 192
67
259
.......................................................................................................................
2001
54
18
72
...................................................................................................................................................
193
62
255
..........................................................
$�..................................10
........................ .....................................
90
................................2002
2003..185
48
233
............2002..........................
2003
80
13
93
.................................................................................................................................................
Total 1516
736
2252
..........................................................
Total
516
1
210
726
......................................................................................................................................
Average 189.5
............
92.0
2815
.......................................................................................................................
Average
64.5
26.3
90.8
Source: City of Elizabeth City—
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 87 of 270
Section III: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

3.3.5 Description of Land Use Patterns Within Watersheds
Because land development activities, particularly urban -intensity development, can have
an adverse impact on water quality, it is important to assess the intensity of land use
patterns within individual watersheds. The Pasquotank County land area is within five
14-digit watersheds as delineated by the Natural Resources Conservation Service of the
US Department of Agriculture. A general description of these five watersheds is
provided in the table that follows. The general boundaries of these watersheds are
depicted on Figures 9A and 9B.
f i r 1 • #� ' a + ? ' a rp i
x . 4,_".
General
Location
Percent of
Estimated % of
Watershed
Within
Sub -Basin
Total
Total
Developed Land
Pasquotank
Acres
Acreage
Area within
County
_
Watershed
03010205010020
Northwest
03-01-50
42,430
29.06%
20%
03010205050010
East central,
03-01-50
47,700
32.670/6
45%
Elizabeth
City
03010205060010
South
03-01-52
21,880
14.99%
20%
03010205070010
West central
03-01-52
33,530
_
22.97%
_
25%
_..........__._. _ _....._.._.—._._......
03010205090010
..__. —... __- ... _..... —
_ West
-- -- _ _.__...__..._..
03-01-52
--._..._._...._............_........_
463
....... —.
0.32%
...... --..._....— ------- --.._._..- ..... _—.._..
<1%
Totals
_ — _
146,003
_
100.00%
_
Source: The Wooten Company, 2004
Within the northwest watershed, the most intensive land development
(03010205010020) includes a mixture of business and residences along the North Road
Street corridor (US 17 Business North) and in the Morgan's Corner area, industrial and
commercial uses in the southeastern corner of the intersection of the US 17 Bypass and
US 17 Business North at Commerce Park, and widely scattered residences located off of
the north and south sides of US 158 corridor. A considerable amount of forested and
agricultural land is located within the southern, western, and northwestern portions of
this watershed. Also located with this watershed is a portion of the Great Dismal Swamp
National Wildlife Refuge and large concentrations of exceptional wetlands. Large
portions of this watershed are also within Gates and Camden Counties.
The largest of the five watersheds (03010205050010) is located in east central
Pasquotank County and includes the City of Elizabeth City, the urban fringe surrounding
the City, and the portion of the southern peninsula draining into the Pasquotank River.
By far, this is the most developed of the five watersheds and contains the largest
concentrations of intensive land uses. The northern portion of the watershed, with the
densely developed Elizabeth City urban area, contrasts with the southern portion which
is generally sparsely developed and contains a considerable amount of agricultural land
and exceptional wetlands. The Weeksville community is also within the southern section
of this watershed. This watershed also extends into southwestern Camden County.
The south watershed (03010205060010), located at the end of the southern peninsula,
is also sparsely developed containing many large agriculturally -used tracts and widely
scattered residences located primarily along road corridors. The largest concentrations
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 88 of 270
SectionIII.- Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

of developed land uses are located in the Nixonton community and in the Symonds
Creek area. This watershed also contains significant wetlands areas. The south
watershed is the only one of the five watersheds that is located entirely within
Pasquotank County.
' The west central watershed (03010205070010) contains a large cluster of existing
residential land uses in the Mount Hermon community and some scattered commercial
uses along the US 17 corridor. The majority of other developed land uses in this
watershed consists of scattered residences located primarily along road corridors. The
' western portion of this watershed contains large concentrations of exceptional wetlands.
The westernmost watershed (03010205090010), containing only a few hundred acres
' within Pasquotank County, is the smallest of the five watersheds and is almost
completely undeveloped. The majority of this watershed is located within Perquimans
County.
' The Pasquotank River Local Watershed Plan, 2003 inventoried existing watershed
conditions in a 454.5 square -mile area that includes portions of Pasquotank County and
' all of the City of Elizabeth City. This Watershed Plan also identified possible solutions to
address watershed issues and delineated implementation strategies for improving water
quality and protecting the functional capabilities of watersheds. The overall goal of the
' Watershed Plan project is to measurably improve and protect the watershed functions
within the local watershed planning area. The portion of the Plan's watershed planning
area located within the scope of the Land Use Plan includes the Great Dismal Swamp,
Newland Drainage Canal, Knobbs Creek, Charles Creek, New Begun Creek, Little Flatty
fCreek, and the Pasquotank River.
Functional assets are areas that currently provide high levels of watershed function in
' relation to water quality, hydrology, and habitat. Functional assets also exist in areas
that contain unique or rare systems that, if lost, could not be easily replaced. Functional
assets identified in the Watershed Plan include:
• Watershed areas that have been identified by North Carolina Coastal Region
Evaluation of Wetland Significance, or NC -CREWS as being Exceptional
' Ecological Significance. NC -CREWS, is a watershed -based wetlands functional
assessment model that uses geographic information systems (GIS) software and
data to assess the level of water quality, wildlife habitat, and hydrologic functions
of individual wetlands. The primary objective of the NC -CREWS wetland
functional assessment is to provide users with information about the relative
ecological importance of wetlands for use in planning and the overall
management of wetlands.
• Watershed areas that have been identified by NC -CREWS as being Substantial
Ecological Significance
• Watershed areas that have been identified by NC -CREWS as being Beneficial
Ecological Significance
• Federal and State park lands present in the watershed
• North Carolina Conservation Land Trust sites along the main stem of the
Pasquotank River
• Fish spawning areas that have been identified in the watershed
Pasquotank County I Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 89 of 270
' SectionIII. Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

• Buffered streams (58 % of the streams located within the Pasquotank River Local
Watershed Planning Area are currently buffered)
• Forested areas (Excluding open water, approximately 26% of the watershed
contains forested non -wetlands and 29% forested wetlands)
• Low percentage of impervious areas (Currently, only 3% of the watershed is
impervious)
• Pristine areas as identified by the Watershed Plan stakeholders
• Rare wetland types and/or unique ecosystems
• Areas containing threatened and/or endangered species
• Natural Heritage Areas within the watershed
The Great Dismal Swamp, Little Flatty Creek, and the Pasquotank River sub catchment
have been identified as drainage areas containing the most functional assets with the
watershed planning area. Other drainage areas with a high number of functional assets
include Knobbs Creek and New Begun Creek.
Watershed and sub catchment functional deficits include areas that have been
designated as Low or Moderate function based on NC -CREWS criteria (39 parameters),
results from the Revised Pasquotank Local Watershed Characterization Report and from
applying the Functional Rehabilitation Model, watershed loading models, Division of
Water Quality (DWQ) monitoring and visual assessments of existing conditions.
A number of land uses or practices (including residential and infrastructure development,
forest management, percent of impervious surfaces, agricultural practices, and
influences from wastewater treatment facilities and septic tanks) have been identified as
the potential causes and sources of functional deficits within the Pasquotank River Local
Watershed Planning Area. In addition, although many agricultural Best Management
Practices (BMPs) and forest BMPs are already utilized in the watershed planning area,
the lack of buffers to the receiving water bodies within the watershed and sub
catchments allows for increased nutrient and sediment loading. Nonpoint source
pollution and surface water runoff are the largest identified contributors to functional
deficits in the watershed in both developed (high and low intensity), agricultural and
logging areas.
The following outlines the causes and sources of functional deficits identified within
various sub catchments in the Pasquotank County and Elizabeth City areas:
• High and low intensity development
0 Charles Creek, Knobbs Creek, Newland drainage canal, and New Begun
Creek sub catchments are the primary examples where development has
created water quality problems.
o Development has reduced the storm water storage capacity particularly in
the sub catchments incorporating Elizabeth City.
• Agricultural land use is dominant in most of the Pasquotank River Local
Watershed Planning Area
0 The central and southern portions of the Pasquotank County sub
catchments contain the greatest amount of agriculture.
• Absence of natural buffers
0 42% of the watershed streams are currently unbuffered
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 90 of 270
Section 111: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

' 0 Of the sub catchments in Pasquotank County, Charles Creek contains the
highest percentage of unbuffered streams.
' • High levels of agricultural nonpoint loading
0 The sub catchment in Pasquotank County with the highest loading levels of
pollutants includes Knobbs Creek.
' • Increased logging practices throughout the watershed planning area
0 Visual observations of logging were noted in the Great Dismal Swamp sub
catchment.
' Potential functional impacts to the watershed from planned NCDOT projects that were
identified in the Watershed Plan include:
' • TIP Project R-2579. This project includes the widening of NC 158 from Sunbury
to Morgan's Corner and runs through the Newland drainage canal and Great
Dismal Swamp sub catchments.
• TIP Project U-3420 (Main Street Connector). This project, which includes the
extension of Main Street from Hughes Boulevard to the US Highway 17 Bypass,
' extends through the Knobbs Creek drainage area.
General management strategies delineated in the Watershed Plan that have implications
' for land use planning include:
• Implement land use practices that will reduce sources of nonpoint source
pollution, including Low -Impact Development design strategies.
• Implement projects that will revegetate converted wetlands, restore forested
riparian buffers, and stabilize eroding shorelines.
' • Implement projects that use detention ponds, bioretention areas, constructed
wetlands, and riparian buffers to restore hydrological functions to retain and treat
surface water runoff.
' • Revegetate concerted wetlands and forested riparian buffers within floodplains to
reestablish floodwater storage resulting in a gradual release of water from storms
and flood events.
• Undertake projects to provide vegetative shoreline stabilization along eroding
shorelines.
• Provide incentives to maintain vegetative field corridors for wildlife migration and
cover.
' • Promote land use planning that prevents segmentation of large tracts, which are
used by wide ranging wildlife.
• Support incentives to plan for and implement urban greenways.
' Specific recommendations for meeting the objectives and goals of improving water
quality and protecting the functional capabilities of watersheds for the sub catchments in
the Pasquotank area include:
• Great Dismal Swamp
' 0 1,739 linear feet of restoration /enhancement
• Newland Drainage Canal
0 10,780 linear feet of restoration /enhancement
' • Knobbs Creek
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 91 of270
' Section 111.• Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

0 12,350 linear feet of restoration /enhancement
0 2,000 x 1,000 linear feet of bioretention area
0 1,000 x 1,000 linear feet of bioretention area
0 500 x 600 linear feet of bioretention area
0 550 x 300 linear feet of constructed wetland
Charles Creek
0 1,970 linear feet of restoration /enhancement
0 425 x 25 linear feet of shoreline stabilization
0 600 x 230 linear feet of constructed wetland/wet detention pond
0 120 x 180 linear feet of constructed wetland/wet detention pond
0 100 x 65 linear feet of constructed wetland/wet detention pond
0 100 x 550 linear feet of constructed wetland/riparian buffer
New Begun Creek
0 4,800 linear feet of restoration /enhancement
0 9,500 linear feet of shoreline stabilization
Pasquotank River
0 11,980 linear feet of restoration /enhancement
0 2,000 linear feet of shoreline stabilization
0 120 x 120 linear feet of constructed wetland/wet detention pond
3.3.6 Projections of Land Needs
The following table provides short and long-term projections of residential land area
needed to accommodate the projected future permanent and seasonal population
projections. These land needs projections are based, in part, upon permanent
population projections for Pasquotank County prepared by the NC State Data Center
(Section 3.1.4 A) and seasonal and peak population projections made by The Wooten
Company (Section 3.1.4 B.). The 7B Guidelines allow the projections of land needs to
be increased by up to 50% to account for unanticipated growth and to provide market
flexibility.
Residential
----..-__.._-..-_ ........ _._.._..___................ -__.._..-... _.._ ........ _..____._.......__..... ..... - ... _..... _...___-- ._...-.-.-__.... _.__._.___._-_.._.._....-__.__...__......._..._._._._................ _.._.._......... .......
Total
2005- 2010- 2015- 2020- 2000-
_..._._...Elizabeth City Planning. Jurisdiction 2000-2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 w 2025
_ _ _ �
Projected Permanent Population 21,948 23,736 25,235 26,651 27,989
Permanent Population Increase
2,352
1,788
1,499
1,415
1,338
8,393
Seasonal DU Population Increase
189
204
217
229
241
1,080
Total Permanent and Seasonal Population
Increase
2,541
1,992
1,716
1,644
1,579
9,473
Permanent DU Increase*
_.._._.._._._.._... ___......_..._..._...__...-_...-_.._..._.-....._..
984
748
627
592
560
3 512
-
Seasonal DU Increase"
--- __.._-...._-..._._._........._.__..__
60
64
- - -
68
- - ----
72
-- _.._-..__.._.
76
341
Total Dwelling Unit Increase
1,044
813
696
664
636
Gross Residential Acres Per Person
_._.__..-....._......._..._
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
_3,852
..............._._....... -_.-.------ _.._._.__._...-._._....__...__
Additional Residential Acres Needed
1,270
996
..-...._.....
858
--._......._-.
822
-..... _.
789
__.._....--
4,736
Total Residential Acres w/50%
Adjustment
1,906
1,494
1,287
1,233
1,184
7,105
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 92 of 270
Section 111: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

EM
2020-
2025
Total
2000-
2025
Pasquotank Co. Planning Jurisdiction
2000-20052015
72005-2010-
2015-
2020
Projected Permanent Population
16,946
,
19,485
20,577
21,610
Permanent Population Increase
1,645
1,381
1,158
1,093
1,033
6,309
Seasonal DU Population Increase
35
38
40
42
45
200
Total Permanent and Seasonal Population
Increase
1,680
1,419
1,198
1,135
1,078
6,509
Permanent DU Increase*
653
548
459
434
410
2,504
Seasonal DU Increase**
11
12
_
F 13
13
14
63
Total Dwelling Unit Increase
664
560
472
447
424
2,567
Gross Residential Acres Per Person
_
1.0
_ �- 1.0
__
1.0
_
1.0
1.0
Additional Residential Acres Needed
1,680
1,419
1,198
— 1,135
1,078
6,509
Total Residential Acres w/50%
Adjustment
2,520
2,128
1,796
1,702
1,617
9,764
Nonresidential
_....—.._.............. -----....—.... _..... ----..... ..... ...... _.... --- ........... _... _.......... _. _.._._.__........— _... _----.._. _.—.. — ----...._ ._._ ._.__....__....._.......
Total
2005- 2010- 2015- 2020- 2000-
Elizabeth City Planning Jurisdiction 2000-2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2025
_. __.........._...___._....._.._...._...—._...._..__....._.._._....__..__..._._..--._..._ .___._---..-.---.._.._ _
Commercial
283
222
191
183
176
1056
Industrial
126
99
85
81
78
_........_._._.
469
_._._ .—
_._....._._._ _.__.._._....__..__..----..._..._._..._._.
Public and Institutional
191
..... _..... —.._..-.---
149
----- ._.�..—._........—_.—_....._
129
123
118
_ 710
W _
_ Pasquotank Co. Planning Jurisdiction _
Commercial
_2000-2005
756
2005-
2010
1 638
2010-
_ 2015
539
2015-
—2020 _
511
2020-
2025
485
Total
2000-
2025
2929
Industrial
630
532
449
426
404
2441
Public and Institutional
378
319
269
255
243
1465
Source: The Wooten Company, July 2006
' * Assumes 2.39 persons per household for EC; 2.58 persons per household for County
** Assumes 13.8% of the seasonal population in the City jurisdiction and 28.4% in the county jurisdiction will be in
seasonal dwelling units.
' Nonresidential land needs projections are based upon an estimated proportional
relationship of each category of nonresidential land to residential land.
' 3.3.7 Description of Conflicts with Class II and Class III Lands
The projected growth areas are primarily within Class II lands as defined in Section 3.2.2
and as shown of the Environmental Conditions Composite Map, Figure 3. Many of the
' potential conflicts with Class II lands can be mitigated through the provision of public
water and sewer services and careful site planning. The Class III lands within or in close
proximity to the projected growth areas include wetlands and/or flood hazard areas
' parallel to the Pasquotank River, scattered areas west and southwest of the US 17
Bypass, and along the Knobbs Creek, Halls Creek, New Begun Creek, and Symonds
Creek watersheds. Such areas can be conserved as part of any development proposals
through such techniques as conservation subdivision design, buffering and open space
' requirements, etc. The demand for waterfront development is expected to remain high
for the immediate future. Such development can have potential conflicts with flood
hazard and storm surge areas. Effective site planning techniques, buffering, and
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 93 of 270
Section III.• Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

conservation of natural vegetation can possibly ensure compatibility of such
development.
3.4 Analysis of Community Facilities
Subchapter 7B .0702(c)(4) requires that the land use plan include a community facilities
analysis that evaluates the existing and planned capacity, location, and adequacy of key
facilities and services that serve the community's population and economic base; that protect
important environmental factors such as water quality; and that guide land development.
Section 3.4 provides an analysis of public and private water and wastewater systems,
transportation systems, storm water systems, colleges, parks, and hospitals.
3.4.1 Water Supply Systems
Three separate water supply systems operate within Pasquotank County. These
systems include the City of Elizabeth City municipal water system, the Pasquotank
County water system, and the South Mills Water Association.
A. Elizabeth City Municipal Water System
Background.
The water treatment facility was originally constructed in 1926 and has had
several modernizations and upgrades. Arcadis, an engineering firm in Raleigh,
undertook the last major upgrade in 1997-1999. This upgrade was part of a
Capital Improvement Program that has improved treatment capabilities and
added more wells to the City's raw water supply.
The City of Elizabeth City draws its water for treatment from a strain identified as
the Yorktown Aquifer. The City's wellfield consists of a series of 10 well sites on
approximately four hundred acres. This area is located in Pasquotank County
and contains ten well sites. One well site is under development and is located on
West Main Street Extended. The design capacity for the treatment facility is five
million gallons per day but the need of filter media replacement and the addition
of more wells would not allow the facility to maintain this production over an
extended period. Current use is approximately 2.0 million gallons per day. Thus,
this facility has a limited capacity ability to serve projected growth. A SCADA
(Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) system is utilized to control and
monitor all functions at the facility and wellfield.
The existing City water system consists of 92 miles of water line. Three water
storage tanks are strategically placed in the City to maintain pressure. The water
tanks are the Downtown tank (0.5 million gallons) located behind City Hall, the
Halstead tank (0.5 million gallons) located beside Fire Station on Halstead
Boulevard, and the K. E. White tank (1.0 million gallons) located beside the
Kermit E. White Center of Elizabeth City State University (ECSU) on Weeksville
Road. Four pumps utilized for delivering the finished water to the elevated
storage tanks are located at the water treatment facility on Wilson Street.
Additional storage of one three million gallon and a one million gallon ground
level storage facilities are located on the facility site.
The distribution system is comprised of 8, 10, 12 and 16-inch transmission lines
and the remainder are comprised of 2, 4 and 6 inch distribution lines. In addition
most of the small diameter water lines in the system are galvanized iron pipe
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 94 of 270
Section III.- Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

h
which have corroded and require frequent repairs. There are very few shut-off
valves in the system, as most of the valves have been paved over during
previous street resurfacing projects.
Assets/Opportunities.
• Existing treatment plant design capacity will meet current and future
demands.
The water treatment facility and distribution system is currently compliant
with all Federal and State regulations.
There are interconnections within the City System, Pasquotank County
Water System and the South Camden Water and Sewer District. The
City does supply water to a portion of Camden County, but only to the
portion along US Hwy 158 that has been annexed by the City. In the
past, the City supplied all of the water to the South Camden Water and
Sewer District, but no longer does so due to the recent construction of
Camden's reverse osmosis water plant.
Liabilities/Challenges.
• Raw water supply that will not meet the projected growth in demand for
Elizabeth City. Current average daily demand is 2.0 million gallons per
day; the wellfield production capability at the present time is 3.9 million
gallons per day based on a twenty-four (24) hour pumping time. The NC
DENR (Division of Environmental and Natural Resources) recommends
that a well should have a twelve (12) hour pumping time followed by a
twelve (12) hour rest time.
• Existing wellfield currently has auxiliary power for Wells #1, #2, and #8
which will provide 0.8 MGD (million gallons per day) of water. Another
generator is in the process of being installed on Well #9 which will provide
an additional 0.3 million gallons per day for a total of 1.1 million gallons
per day. By mid 2009 Wells #3 and #4 will have auxiliary power for a safe
yield total of 1.3 MGD for the wellfield. In the event of a prolonged
emergency situation the City will not be able to provide an adequate
supply to its customers.
• The 3 MGD raw water -holding reservoir has an excessive amount of
solids build-up which has diminished the total capacity by approximately
one-third. In addition to decreased capacity, one of the baffle walls has
fallen, thus creating a short-circuiting effect. This issue creates a two -fold
problem. The diminished capacity of the reservoir provides less "buffer'
in the event raw water is unavailable from the well field or raw water
transmission line and the raw water is of a poorer quality due to excessive
solids and short-circuiting.
• The raw water transmission main from the well field to the treatment
facility consists of a 10" and 12" pipe installed in the 1930's and 1940's.
Due to the age of these pipes and the treatment facility, the system
routinely experiences line breaks. There is an estimated 100' portion of
exposed line leaving it especially vulnerable to failure. In the event of a
line failure that would require more than 2 days to repair, the system
would be unable to meet consumer demand.
• The five dual media rapid sand filters are in need of rebuilding as
evidenced by large cracks, no stratification of media after backwash, and
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 95 of 270
' Section III: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

increased effluent turbidity. Increased turbidity creates a higher
disinfectant demand that in turn increases treatment chemical costs.
• There is inadequate fire flow protection in several areas of the downtown
sections of the City due in part to undersized piping and unidentified
valves.
Objectives.
• Develop a program to assemble all information on waterlines and
incorporate into a mapping and GIS (Geographical Information System).
• Investigate and identify opportunities to continue with small diameter
water main replacement.
• Development of a plan to replace two-inch water lines with six-inch lines
to provide adequate water pressure.
• Develop additional raw water supply for future demands.
• For example, a purchase agreement with the Pasquotank County Water
System to purchase additional water from their new reverse osmosis
facility which is slated to come on line in late 2010.
• Develop and utilize an active wellhead protection program to insure an
acceptable quality and quantity of groundwater resources for current and
future requirements. The ultimate objective being the protection of public
health, safety and welfare.
• Investigate the feasibility of forming a regional water cooperative with
surrounding public water systems.
Additional Water System Information.
• Current use is approximately 2.0 MGD (3.92 MGD in 1997)
• Approximately 86% of the system's total customer base of 7,200 is
composed of residential customers.
• 2002 service area population was 15,700;' projected 2030 service area
population is 18,900.
• The existing treatment plant design capacity will meet current and future
demands
The raw water supply will not meet the projected growth in demand
• The system is just meeting the current demand with the existing wells
• There is inadequate fire flow protection in several areas of the downtown
due partially to undersized lines and unidentified valves
• The system has a current available supply of 1.922 MGD and a total
water treatment capacity of 5.0 MGD. The available supply is projected
to be approximately 2.7 MGD after the wellfield expansion is completed.
• According to the City's 2002 Water Supply Plan, the average annual daily
use was 2.151 MGD with a peak daily use of 2.6 MGD. The average
annual daily use in 2002 was 0.737 MGD for residential uses, 0.343 MGD
for commercial customers, 0.039 MGD for industrial uses, and 0.337
MGD for institutional uses.
• The average daily demand in 2002 of 2.245 MGD was 93% of the total
available supply. Projected average daily demand is expected to
increase to 2.510 MGD by 2030.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 96 of 270
Section 111.• Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

' Planned Water System Improvements.
To meet current and future demands, the City is expanding its water supply system
' towards the southern and western portions of the City. The projected completion
time is during Fiscal Year 2009. The City is constantly working on the trunk main
improvements and upgrading the undersized water lines throughout the City.
' • Water source development/supply expansion
• Small diameter waterline replacement/upgrades
• Trunk main improvements
' • Water treatment plant improvements (raw water tank and finishing filters)
' B. Pasquotank County Water System
Background.
• Water source is approximately 30 wells; located mostly in southern
Pasquotank County
• County also purchases water from the Elizabeth City Water System on an
irregular basis
' • County water is sold to the Elizabeth City Water System and to the South
Mills W & S District on an irregular basis
• WTP design capacity is 2.7 MGD
' • Current use is approximately 1.4 MGD
• Water storage capacity is 2.1 MG (elevated 1.1 MG; ground 1.0 MG)
• 265 miles of water line
• Approximately 6,300 customers
• 2002 service area population was 14,750; projected 2030 service area
population is 25,829
• The system has a current available supply of 2.735 MGD and a total
water treatment capacity of 2.7 MGD.
• According to the County's 2002 Water Supply Plan, the average annual
daily use was 1.088 MGD with a peak daily use of 1.792 MGD. The
average annual daily use in 2002 was 0.942 MGD for residential uses,
0.028 MGD for commercial customers, 0.001 MGD for industrial uses,
and 0.105 MGD for institutional uses.
' • The average daily demand in 2002 of 1.577 MGD was 57% of the total
available supply. Projected average daily demand is expected to
increase to 3.277 MGD by 2030 or 87% of the total projected available
supply.
• Anticipated growth areas will be served by existing facilities and the new
reverse osmosis water plant.
' Proposed Water System Improvements.
Pasquotank County has submitted a permit application for a Reverse Osmosis Water
' Plant Discharge. The Reverse Osmosis well site is located on Foreman Bundy Road
approximately one-half mile from the Pasquotank/Perquimans County line. The
proposed Reverse Osmosis water plant is planned to be located in the vicinity of the
' intersection of Foreman Bundy Road and Okisko Road. The plant is being designed
so that it can be built in stages with a total capacity of five million gallons per day.
The initial infrastructure will be capable of producing one million gallons per day.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 97 of 270
' Section III: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

The estimated completion date for the Reverse Osmosis plant and related
improvements is July 2011.
The discharge line must be extended to the Albemarle Sound in able to discharge
the high viscosity of salt into waters that have a similar salt content. This discharge
line will extend 18.4 miles along existing road rights -of -way and, finally, 500 feet into
the Albemarle Sound.
Distribution lines will be installed to supply water to the areas of projected growth
These distribution lines will consist of:
• 24" main from the Reverse Osmosis plant along Foreman Bundy Road to
the intersection of US 17 South and Foreman Bundy Road.
+ 16" main from the Foreman Bundy Road and US 17 Bypass interchange
to the Halstead Boulevard Extension and US 17 Bypass interchange.
+ 16" main from the Halstead Boulevard Extension and US 17 Bypass
interchange to an existing 16" main located along Thunder Road. This
will provide additional capacity for the existing 16" main transmitting water
to the northern part of the county.
• 12" main from existing water tower located in the Pasquotank County
Commerce Park extending north to the intersection of US 17 North and
US Hwy 158/Northside Road.
+ 8" main will be located approximately 6,000 feet north of the US 17
Bypass and US 17 North interchange, to connect US 17 North and
Northside Road.
• Extensions may also be made to the Tanglewood Park industrial area
within 3-4 years or sooner if demand warrants
Proposed Pasquotank County water system improvements are delineated on Figure
5A.
C. South Mills Water Association
• Water sources: Pasquotank County and 15 wells —Yorktown Aquifer
• Provides water service to the northwest corner Pasquotank County; west
of US Highway 17 along the US Highway 158 corridor to Lynch's Corner
• Number of customers in Pasquotank County: 700-800; 99% residential
• Approximately 40 miles of lines in Pasquotank County
• One 100,000 gallon elevated storage tank
• Size of lines: 8", 4", 3" and 2"; mostly 6" except on dead-end and short
roads
• Plans for extensions or improvements: possible new elevated storage
tank within 5 years; additional lines possible; no definitive plans for
improvements at this time
• 2002 total service area population was 4,840; projected 2030 service
area population is 6,871.
• The system has a current available supply of 0.625 MGD and a total
water treatment capacity of 0.864 MGD.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 98 of 270
Section III: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

' According to South Mills' 2002 Water Supply Plan, the average annual
daily use was 0.264 MGD with a peak daily use of 0.788 MGD. The
' average annual daily use in 2002 was 0.215 MGD for residential uses.
• The average daily demand in 2002 of 0.264 MGD was 42% of the total
available supply. Projected average daily demand is expected to
' increase to 0.379 MGD by 2030 or 61% of the total projected available
supply.
I
D. Planned Water System Improvements and Future Service Areas
Planned Pasquotank County water system improvements will result in future water
' service in the following areas: Foreman Bundy Road area, US 17 Bypass
interchange area at Halstead Boulevard Extension, and the US 17 North area
between Morgan's Corner and Commerce Park. Proposed Pasquotank County
water system improvements are delineated on Figure 5A.
' E. Service Area Water Demand
Water Supply Plans for the City of Elizabeth City, Pasquotank County, and South
' Mills Water Association project future service area population, service area demand,
available water supply, and average daily demand. Based on these plans, it is
anticipated that additional water supply will be needed for the Elizabeth City system
' to ensure that the 2010 average daily water demand does not exceed 80% of
available water supply. The Pasquotank County system anticipates needing
additional supply to meet its projected 2030 water demand.
I
The following table summarizes projected water supply needs for each water system
provider:
J
I
Elizabeth City
Year -Round Service Area Population
Total Service Area Demand, MGD
Total Available Water Supply, MGD
Total Average Daily Demand, MGD
Demand as Percent of Supply
Additional Supply Needed to Ensure
Demand Does Not Exceed 80% of Available
2010
2020
2030
16,700
17,800
18,900
1.951
2.076
2.207
2.710
2.998
3.286
2.254
2.379
2.686
83%
79%
76%
Supply
0.108
0.000
0.000
Pasquotank
County
2010
2020
2030
Year -Round Service Area Population
15,522
20,023
25,829
Total Service Area Demand, MGD
1.572
2.154
2.777
Total Available Water Supply, MGD
3.758
3.758
3.758
Total Average Daily Demand, MGD
2.072
2.654
3.277
Demand as Percent of SUDDIV
55%
71 %
87%
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 99 of 270
' Section 111.• Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

Additional Supply Needed to Ensure
Demand Does Not Exceed 80% of Available
Supply
0.000
0.000
0.338
South Mills
2010
2020
2030
Year -Round Service Area Population
5,412
6,155
6,871
Total Service Area Demand, MGD
0.298
0.339
0.379
Total Available Water Supply, MGD
0.625
0.625
0.625
Total Average Daily Demand, MGD
0.298
0.339
0.379
Demand as Percent of Supply
48%
54%
61 %
Additional Supply Needed to Ensure
Demand Does Not Exceed 80% of Available
Supply
0.000
0.000
0.000
Total All Water Service
Providers
2010
2020
2030
Year -Round Service Area Population
37,634
43,978
51,600
Total Service Area Demand, MGD
3.821
4.569
5.363
Total Available Water Supply, MGD
7.093
7.381
7.669
Total Average Daily Demand, MGD
4.624
5.372
6.166
Demand as Percent of Supply
65%
73%
80%
Additional Supply Needed to Ensure
Demand Does Not Exceed 80% of Available
Supply
0.108
0.000
0.338
Sources: 2002 Water Supply Plans
3.4.2 Wastewater Treatment Systems
Wastewater treatment systems within Pasquotank County include the City of Elizabeth
City municipal wastewater system and the Pasquotank County wastewater system.
A. Elizabeth City Wastewater Treatment System
Sewer System Description.
• WWTP is an activated sludge facility upgraded in 1997
• WWTP design capacity is 4.5 MGD with a designed peak hydraulic
capacity of 15 MGD; located on Knobbs Creek and discharges into the
Pasquotank River
• Average annual discharge is approximately 2.7 MGD with a peak flow
recorded during large rain events of 10 MGD.
• The collection system is composed of 110 miles of gravity and force
mains and 52 pumping stations
• The average age of the collection system is 60 years
• In 2004 there were 6,374 sewer connections
• The existing wastewater treatment plant design capacity will meet current
and but not the projected future demands
• The majority of the existing pumping stations do not meet state
compliance standards
Sewer System Needs.
• Development of a master sewer plan to address strategic placement of
force mains to reroute flows from the Water Street pumping station
Pasquotank County/Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 100 of 270
Section III: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

' Rehabilitation and/or replacement of collection facilities to reduce
infiltration and inflow
' Construction of an additional treatment facility
• Investigate feasibility of forming a regional sewer authority with
Pasquotank County and possibly other adjoining counties to serve high
' growth areas surrounding Elizabeth City and to provide an economical
alternative source of sewer treatment for neighboring counties.
' Proposed Sewer System Improvements
Due to the age and condition of the City's wastewater collection system, there are
continuous and on -going projects to repair, replace, or upgrade the collection
' improvements. Planned sewer system improvements for the City of Elizabeth City
include:
' • Sanitary sewer neighborhood rehabilitation projects including repair or
replacement of aging and leaking gravity sewer mainsand
• Sanitary sewer system upgrades including repairs and upgrades to the
' City's core sewer pumping stations.
Water Quality/Public Health Concerns
' Inflow and infiltration (I & 1) in the gravity sewer mains and sanitary sewer overflows
are the primary threat to water quality and public health concerns for the City.
Through aggressive sewer capital projects, the City has greatly reduced the amount
' of I & I flowing into the sewer system. The City should continue to repair and replace
aging sewer mains to help further reduce I & I. 1 & I contribute additional flows in the
sewer system, primarily during rain events, creating additional flows at the treatment
' plant and unnecessary additional flows into the discharge. Sanitary sewer overflows
can degrade water quality if allowed to enter surface waters and may create a health
concern if the public comes in contact with the overflow. A leading cause of sewer
' overflows for the City is grease blockages. The City should continue to implement its
Fats, Oils, and Grease Program which requires food handling facilities such as
restaurants to install and maintain a grease trap. Roots and other blockages in the
' sewer mains can lead to overflows. The City is required by DENR, Division of
Environmental and Natural Resources, to clean 10% of its gravity sewer mains each
year to prevent blockages.
' B. Pasquotank County Wastewater Treatment System
Sewer System Description.
' • County currently serves the Commerce Industrial Park, prison, and 2
public schools with an 8-inch line.
• Pasquotank County currently operates a wastewater treatment facility
' located on Northside Road; land application treatment of effluent.
• Pasquotank County has completed construction of a 12-inch force main
extending from the Commerce Park to Knobbs Creek Drive in the City. A
' new sewer pump station and a sewer force main remains to be
constructed along Knobbs Creek Drive to the City's WWTP. The total
cost for construction is estimated to be $2.1 million. The project should
Pasquotank County I Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 101 of 270
' Section III: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

be complete by 2010. The City has agreed to accept all sewage from the ,
Commerce Park.
• The County's wastewater treatment facility may be abandoned if sufficient '
capacity is obtained from Elizabeth City.
C. Planned Sewer System Improvements and Future Service Areas
The City of Elizabeth City plans to extend sewer service to the southern portion of '
the City beyond the U.S. Coast Guard Facility to the aviation center: estimated cost
$1.4 million; and to the portion of.the County currently being served by the new U.S.
17 Bypass and Halstead Connector; estimated cost $2.0 million. '
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan
Section III: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

Figure 5A Water & Wastewater Systems
PASQUOTANK COUNTY, NC
Legend
® RO Plant Site
AL RO Well Site
AWater Tower
• Water Tank
• Water Treatment Plant
• Sewer Discharge
■ Sewer Pumps
® Waste Water Treatment Plant
- - - - Proposed Water System Improvements
— Elizabeth City Water Lines
— Pasquotank County Water Unes
— South Mills Water Lines
— Existing Sewer
- - - - Proposed Sewer
Elizabeth City Water Service Area
South Mills Water Service Area
County Water Service Area
Water Supply Watershed
Elizabeth City Corporate Limits
THE Elizabeth City ETJ
WOOTEN
COMPANY USDA Hydrological Units
Pdrded on August 13, 2009 0 0.5 , 3 3 Ulm
RO Well Site
RO Plant Site
The preparation of this map was financed in part through a grant provided by the North
Carolina Coastal Management Program, through funds provided by the Coastal Zone
Management Act of 1972, as amended, which is administered by the Office of Ocean and
Coastal Resource Management, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.

North
- /neSS
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astal Resource Management. National
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3.4.3 Transportation Systems
The City of Elizabeth City presently owns and maintains approximately 59 miles of
streets. Street maintenance includes proper drainage, surface maintenance, street
sweeping and roadway marking and signage. NCDOT also owns and maintains State
highways (NC and US numbered highways) within the City. The City is not required to
do anything with the State streets. Each year the City receives grant funds through the
Powell Bill Program to assist in the maintenance of the City streets.
A thoroughfare plan was adopted by Elizabeth City in 1988 and updated in 1997. In
1997, the NCDOT prepared existing and projected population and employment
predictions to aid in traffic forecasting. A thoroughfare plan for the Pasquotank County
has not been prepared.
A. Proposed Major Highway Improvements
• Improvements in the current NCDOT Transportation Improvements Plan (TIP)
include the following:
Halstead Boulevard Connector (U-3449)
Extension of Halstead Boulevard from Hughes Boulevard to new US 17 Bypass on
new location (3.6 miles). This improvement will provide an east -west facility that
connects the western and south central portions of Elizabeth City. Completed in the
Spring of 2004.
Main Street Connector (U-3420)
Extension of Main Street from Hughes Boulevard to new US 17 Bypass. Upgrade of
existing roadway; some new location (4.8 miles). This improvement will provide an
east -west facility connecting western Elizabeth City to the downtown area and points
east of Elizabeth City. Design scheduled for FY 06; construction projected after FY
09.
US 158 (R-2579)
' Widening to multi -lanes from NC 32 in Sunbury to US 17 at Morgan's Corner (16.1
miles). Design scheduled for FY 08; construction projected after FY 10.
' US 158/NC 34 (R-2414)
Widening to multi -lanes from east of Pasquotank River in Elizabeth City to east of
NC 34 in Belcross (5.6 miles). Design in progress; construction projected in FY 06.
' Proposed improvements outlined in the Elizabeth City Thoroughfare Plan,
January 1997 but not listed in the current TIP include the following:
' Creek Road Extension
Extension of Creek Road from Halstead Boulevard at Chesapeake and Albemarle
Railroad to US 17 Business (N. Road Street) northeast of Ferry Road intersection.
' Upgrade existing roadway and some new location. This improvement will provide a
north -south radial facility in west and northwest Elizabeth City.
' Selby Road Extension
Connector road on new location to connect the existing Selby Road (SR 1149) to
Oak Stump Road (1.25 miles) and to Peartree Road (1.55 miles). This improvement
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 105 of 270
' Section Ill: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

will provide an east -west cross-town facility that would connect US 17 Business to
Pitts Chapel Road.
These major highway improvements are delineated on the Transportation
System Map.
US Highway 17 in Virginia
The widening of US Highway 17 in Virginia from the North Carolina state line to
Route 104 (Dominion Boulevard) in Chesapeake is expected to have a major impact
in Pasquotank County. This improvements project involves widening approximately
12 miles of highway from two lanes to four lanes and includes some upgrading of the
existing roadway but most of the improvements will be on new location. Completion
of the project is projected for the fall of 2005. In 2001, this portion of US Highway 17
carried about 10,000 vehicles per day. 2020 projections indicate approximately
19,400 vehicles per day.
It is anticipated that the enhanced access afforded by the improvements to US Highway
17 will increase commuting between the Chesapeake area and Pasquotank County and
thus generate a greater demand for housing. The additional population generated by
commuters will increase demands on schools and public infrastructure.
B. Major Streets with Capacity Deficiencies
The following streets had traffic volumes in 1995 that were above their practical I
capacities:
• US 17 from Church Street to Elizabeth Street
• US 17 from Road Street to south side of bridge over Knobbs Creek
• US 17 from north side of bridge over Knobbs Creek to Whitehurst Lane
• US 17 from Hasting Lane to Culpepper Lane
• Road Street from Ehringhaus Street to US 17
• Water Street from Fearing Street to Elizabeth Street
• US 158/NC 34 from east of Water Street to Country Club Road
With current TIP improvements constructed and completed, the following streets are
projected to have traffic volumes in 2020 that exceed their practical capacities:
• US 17 from Halstead Boulevard to Culpepper Lane
• Road Street from Ehringhaus Street to US 17
• Water Street from Fearing Street to Elizabeth Street
The Transportation System Map depicts these roadway segments that are projected
to be over -capacity in 2020.
The 1997 Elizabeth City Thoroughfare Plan identified street network deficiencies in
the Elizabeth City area as follows:
• Lack of a controlled access bypass
• Lack of north -south radials and crosstown streets
Pasquotank County / Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 106 of 270
Section III: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

' Completion of the US 17 Bypass in 2003 eliminated the first deficiency. The recent
completion of the Halstead Boulevard Connector and the other improvements in the
' current TIP and Thoroughfare Plan (Main Street Connector, Selby Road Extension,
and Creek Road Extension) will help to alleviate the second deficiency.
L
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C. Traffic Volumes
As would be expected, the heaviest traffic volumes are on the major US and NC
numbered thoroughfares (US 17, US 158, and NC 34) and on major collector streets
(Ehringhaus Street and Road Street). The following table summarizes the 2001 traffic
volumes on these major streets. The recent completion of the US 17 Bypass and the
Halstead Boulevard Extension will significantly alter future traffic patterns and average
daily traffic volumes.
Table 40
2001..- Daily
Major.. .
--Pasquotank'CountylEfizabeth
Highway ADT Location
US 17
21,000 —
N. of Simpson Ditch Road
27,000
S. of W. Church Street
_
20,000
W. of Road Street
36,000
S. of Knobbs Creek
21,000
E. of Culpepper Lane
13,000
S. of US 158 Intersection
W. Ehringhaus Sty
�—
9,400
19,000 --
S. of Camden County Line_ —_
E. of US 17
21,000
W. of NC 34
Road Street
12,000
N. of Ehringhaus Street
14,000
S. of Elizabeth Street
15,000
N. of Elizabeth Street
_—.._.—.___...___ _.._...._—.._..__...__._.....__
10 000
._....___.....___.-. —._. _. _ _.
�
S. of Hughes Blvd. _
—_-..
US 158
3,400
E. of Gates County Line
5,600
W. of US 17
7,500
E. of Hughes Blvd.
11,000
W. of NC 34
18,000
E. of Pasquotank River
NC 34
15,000
S. of Elizabeth Street
11,000
N. of Roanoke Avenue
15,000
S. of Halstead Blvd.
4,500
N. of Consolidated Road _
_
3,200
S. of USCGAS
1,700
SE of Weeksville
Source: 2001 Average Daily Traffic, Pasquotank County, NCDO7
Pasquotank County I Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 107 of 270
' Section III.- Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

Figure 6: Transportation Systems Map
Pasquotank County/Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 108 of 270
Section III: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

The preparation of this map was financed in part through a grant provided by the North
Carolina Coastal Management Program, through funds provided by the Coastal Zone
Management Act of 1972, as amended, which is administered by the Office of Ocean and
Coastal Resource Management, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
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Figure 6: Transportation Systems
PASQUOTANK COUNTY, NC
Legend
Roads Projected to be Over -Capacity by 2020
— 1-25%
26-50%
— 51-75%
75-100%
--W Proposed Road Widening Project
Major Thoroughfares
--• Proposed Thoroughfares 1997 TIP
-� Elizabeth City Corporate Limits
0 Elizabeth City ETJ
V
THE WOOTENCOMPANY
Printed on August 13. 2009
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D. US Highway 17 Bypass Corridor Planning
The completion of the US Highway 17 Bypass in 2003 eliminated the long -
recognized need for a controlled access around the Elizabeth City urban area and for
a major north -south radial highway. The new bypass, in addition to improving traffic
flow, also provides an opportunity to enhance access to the west central portion of
the county via the interchange at Halstead Boulevard and to serve as an impetus for
growth and development at its intersection with Halstead Boulevard and with US
Highway 17 at the north and south termini of the bypass.
The opening of the bypass coupled with the completion of the Halstead Boulevard
connector had an immediate impact on improving access to Elizabeth City and on
opportunities for altering the existing land use pattern between the bypass and the
western portion of Elizabeth City. A great deal of time and attention of the CAMA
land use plan committee was spent on examining land use and development issues
along the Halstead Boulevard corridor. As a result, a joint City -county initiative was
undertaken to develop specific regulations for future development along the Halstead
Boulevard corridor (see subsection E. below).
The 5,000 acres immediately west of the Halstead Boulevard/Bypass interchange
has been zoned by Pasquotank County for industrial use and is the location of a
portion of the proposed Tanglewood MegaSite. This industrially -zoned area is
expected to meet both the short-term and long-term industrial land needs for all of
Pasquotank County as well as the larger northeastern North Carolina region. Critical
factors that will determine the development potential of this industrial area include
market demand and the provision of the necessary support infrastructure (particularly
public water and sewer utilities). Currently, public water service is available to this
area but sewer service is not. Pasquotank County recently installed a 16-inch water
main in this area. Reflective of the existing zoning patterns, infrastructure
improvements, and anticipated long-term land use, Pasquotank County
recommended future industrial use for this portion of the bypass corridor.
At the northern terminus of the bypass, the potential for diverse uses was recognized
in the southwestern quadrant of its intersection with US Highway 17 Business as well
as along the southwest side of US 17 to Morgan's Corner. This location is ideally
situated for accommodating anticipated future residential, commercial, and support
institutional growth in the northern end of the county, particularly commuter -related
development stimulated by improvements to US 17 from the North Carolina state line
to the Chesapeake area. Mixed residential (including low density single-family and
medium/high density multifamily uses), retail, office, business and personal services,
and support institutional uses are anticipated in this area. A 12-inch water main from
Commerce Park along US 17 to US 158 near Morgan's Corner is proposed to extend
through this projected mixed use area. Public sewer service extensions will be
needed to accommodate the more intensive nonresidential uses and the higher
residential densities.
In the Mount Hermon area at the southern terminus of the US 17 Bypass, very little
' change in land use patterns is expected. Some additional commercial development
is anticipated to abut the east side of the bypass in the area south of Simpson Ditch
Road between US 17 Business and the bypass. Otherwise, this end of the bypass
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 109 of 270
' SectionIll. Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

corridor is expected to retain a low density residential and agricultural land use
character.
E. Halstead Boulevard Corridor Planning
The CAMA land use plan committee reviewed existing land use and zoning patterns,
proposed vehicular access points, natural constraints, economic opportunities, and
infrastructure needs as part of their focus on the Halstead Boulevard corridor. The
CAMA land use plan committee also reviewed several potential land use scenarios
for the Halstead Boulevard corridor. One scenario projected commercial and
industrial land use along the entire corridor. Another scenario included the most
intensive commercial development patterns concentrated at the US 17 Bypass and
Halstead Boulevard Extension intersection and lower intensity uses (a mixture of
office, institutional, and residential uses with a primary focus on residential uses)
along the remainder of the corridor. The recommended future land use pattern for
the corridor includes commercial, mixed use, and medium/high density residential
uses (see the inset map on Figures 9A and 913). Several corridor property owners
attended various committee meetings to provide their input on future land use
patterns.
Pasquotank County and the City of Elizabeth City initially contracted with Community
Planning Collaborative, Inc. to develop design regulations for the Halstead Boulevard
Connector extending from Hughes Boulevard to US 17 Bypass. Design guidelines
were drafted for commercial establishments consisting of building designs/facades,
roofs, materials and color, entryways, signage, mechanical equipment locations,
lighting, shopping center layout, parking and circulation, pedestrian access,
community areas, landscaping and buffering, building setbacks, and storm water
management.
This work was coordinated with the Planning Staffs from both the County and the
City. The original intent was that the overlay design would also include ordinance
amendments for mixed use developments, signage, landscaping for all uses allowed
in the overlay district. Prior to completing the overlay district design standards a
developer approached the City of Elizabeth City to request annexation for a parcel
for commercial development at the Halstead Boulevard and US 17 Bypass
interchange. The City agreed to the annexation provided development guidelines
were completed. The County agreed to allow the City to move forward to complete
the overlay district standards.
The City has completed the standards and incorporated them in their Unified
Development Ordinance (see Appendix N for the specific regulations applicable to
the Halstead Boulevard Extension Overlay District). The Halstead Boulevard
Extension Overlay District was established to provide appearance and operational
standards for the Halstead Boulevard Extension Corridor in Elizabeth City and in its
extra territorial jurisdiction. The highway's broad right-of-way, restricted driveway
access and undeveloped land offer a significant opportunity to establish a grand
entranceway into the City. This overlay zoning district is generally bound by the US.
17 bypass on the west, Well Field Road on the north, the Southern Railroad on the
south, and Knobb's Creek (excluding Oxford Heights) on the east.
Five tracts totaling 378 acres previously located outside the City of Elizabeth City
Extraterritorial Jurisdiction have been voluntarily annexed into the City of Elizabeth
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 110 of 270
SectionIll. Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

City since the overlay standards have been completed. This acreage has been
classified for commercial and residential uses. The County has not included the new
' overlay standards within its zoning regulations due to the fact that the current
development has required public sewer. The City of Elizabeth City is owner of the
only available public sewer system and developers have requested annexation so
' that sewer service is available.
3.4.4 Stormwater Systems
A. Elizabeth City
The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has promulgated rules
' almost 20 years ago to control Municipal Separate Storm Sewer Systems (MS4). At
the time Phase I rules were put in place for medium or large MS4's (communities
with a population over 100,000). Almost 17 years after the promulgation of the MS4
' rules, Stormwater Phase II Final Rules were published to regulate small MS4
communities. Although Elizabeth City meets the population criteria for a small MS4,
the City based on a number of other designation criteria has not been designated as
a regulated MS4 community.
In preparing for the Phase II regulations, the City should consider consolidating it's
' effort with Pasquotank County and where necessary expand the programs they
currently have to complete the following goals or objectives:
1. Review the Storm water Management Ordinance and coordinate its adoption the
Preamble to the Phase II rules. Modification to the existing ordinance will be the
first step in the development of holistic Phase II Storm water Management Plan
when the City is identified as a MS4 regulated community.
' 2. In conjunction with 1, above modify the pertinent parts of its Unified Development
Ordinance (at least Article XI- Development Standards and Article XII-
1 Environmental and Special Purpose Regulations). Subject to the state's
guidelines, the minimum of six areas of responsibility would be:
a. Public Educations and Outreach
b. Public Participation/Involvement
C. Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination
d. Construction Site Runoff Control
e. Post -Construction Runoff Control
f. Pollution Prevention/Good Housekeeping
3. Consider the implementation of the Greenway Plan as part of an overall Phase II
Storm water Management Plan development step.
' 4. Update City aerial photography to help inventory and evaluate the drainage
systems within the City's ETJ area.
5. Establish a master drainage plan for the individual drainage basins.
6. The Storm water Management Ordinance relies heavily on the technical
' reference materials developed by the State of North Carolina for drainage and
Pasguotank County I Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page III of 270
SectionIll: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

storm water design criteria and integrate it into the master drainage planning
process of 6. above.
7. Consider expanding the sampling program into the major drainage ways to assist
illicit discharge detection and elimination.
Pursuing these objectives in a timely manner will position the City so it can be
proactive in being good stewards of our environmental assets and protect the
high quality of life the citizens in this area so desire.
The City of Elizabeth City adopted a Storm Water Management Ordinance in 2001.
The purpose of this Ordinance is to protect, maintain, and enhance the public health,
safety, and general welfare by establishing minimum requirements and procedures
to regulate: (i) the adverse affects of increased storm water runoff associated with
both future land development and existing developed land within the City and (ii)
illegal non -storm water discharges to the storm drainage system to the maximum
extent practicable as required by federal and state law.
Background.
The drainage areas within the City were defined in the 2001 Stormwater
Management Ordinance. The Major drainage basins are defined as
#1 — Knobbs Creek Basin
#5 — Charles Creek Basin
#4 — Poindexter Creek Basin (now Elizabeth Street) and
#3 — Tiber Creek Basin (now the developed land between Church Street and
Ehringhaus Street)
The 2001 work also defined a number of smaller drainage catchment areas in the
City the flow directly to the Pasquotank River. On the plan, they are identified as
catchment areas 2 and 6 through 12. Catchment area 2 is on the north end of the
City, west of Road Street (Route 17 North) and generally includes the area of the
College of the Albemarle, Albemarle Hos[ital and the surrounding medical offices.
Catchment areas 6 through 12 are located on the east side of the City in very close
proximity to the shore of the Pasquotank River. The largest of the easterly
catchment areas is #9 and includes Pelican Pointe, Coast Guard Housing, and the
Hickory Village Mobile Home Park.
Basin #4, Poindexter Creek, is pumped into the Pasquotank River at the intersection
of Poindexter Street and Elizabeth Street. Basin #3, Tiber Creek, is pumped into the
Pasquotank Riverfrom the intersection of Chirch andWater Streets through Mariner's
Wharf Park. Both pump stations are designed to use Poindexter and Water Streets
as a dike to keep high water levels (wind tide effects) from backing up into the City
streets through the closed drainage system.
A third dike is proposed to protect the Herrington Road and Roanoke Avenue area
as part of phase 3 of the so called Roanoke Avenue Area Drainage Project. This
project is expected to be completed in 2012.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 112 of 270
Section III: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

Assets/Opportunities.
' Implementation
City.
of a ditch maintenance program throughout the entire
• The City currently has two storm water pumping stations located in the
downtown area to address excessive flooding concerns.
• Closed drainage system to be maintained
' Liabilities/Challenges.
• Lack of a master drainage plan. The first step is to map the current
inventory of assets via GIS. This should begin in about 2008.
' • Inadequate operations and maintenance program.
• Inadequate drainage easements throughout the City.
• Lack of a drainage capital improvements program.
t • Abundance of undersized drainage infrastructure throughout the City.
• Lack of a storm water management plan for the City.
• Lack of erosion and sediment control policies and enforcement.
' Objectives. The City of Elizabeth City does not have a sound conventional storm
water management program. Therefore, several goals and objectives have been
identified as a result. The major areas of concern appear to be the potential
' avoidance of new storm water issues by controlling storm water discharge from new
development; improving development standards for private drainage facilities; the
creation of a water quality program to all areas within and outside the watershed
' areas in response to federal policy and local concerns; and move attention to
existing drainage needs on both public and private property. The potential goals and
objectives of the City's Storm water Management Plan are as follows:
' Creation of a master drainage plan. Map the current drainage inventory.
Create a document that constitutes the City of Elizabeth City's Master
Drainage Plan. It should contain selected information about planned
improvements to the City's major drainage systems in accordance with
appropriate engineering criteria and City policy. In addition, there should
be a considerable volume of supporting technical material consisting of
individual reports for each study area, computer printouts documenting
hydraulic and hydrologic analyses, estimated costs of planned
improvements and detailed drainage maps.
• Develop a system for storm water discharge control which uses both on -
site and off -site approaches to assure appropriate levels of control while
' permitting the flexibility to choose methods which best -fit specific
conditions. Adopt discharge control regulations, which establish basic
performance standards for new development. Control of storm water
discharge from new development should include on -site approaches, off -
site (regional) approaches, and combined approaches. The management
of existing detention/retention ponds, BMP's (Best Management
Practices).
• Extension of floodprone area regulations to smaller streams. Designate
floodprone areas with a method based on the size of drainage areas to
include drainage area "cut-offs" which assure regulation of significant
' floodprone areas to the maximum extent practicable.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 113 of 270
' Section III: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

• Regulation of drainage facilities within private development sites. Amend
subdivision and site plan regulations to improve standards for drainage
easements, setbacks from watercourses, and drainage facility design.
• Preservation of natural features along drainage ways. Initiate the
preparation of a stream water quality plan to meet federal storm water
discharge permit requirements and local needs. Initiate the Greenway
Plan.
• Development of a storm water quality program to meet the requirements
of the federal Clean Water Act and local objectives. Preserve the natural
character of drainage ways by greenway acquisition, floodprone area
regulation, drainage corridor protection, and public drainage infrastructure
design and construction.
• Incorporation of water quality consideration into storm water management
practices. Incorporate water quality management practices into discharge
control regulations and City design, construction, and maintenance
practices.
• Expansion of City programs to correct existing drainage problems and
preserve existing storm water control facilities. Initiate studies necessary
to identify deficient drainage structures and conditions on City property,
evaluate the effect of these conditions both on and off City property,
identify appropriate corrective measures, and establish priorities for
implementation (Master drainage plan). Initiate studies necessary to
identify feasible drainage projects on private property, establish the
justification for City assumption of responsibility for these projects, and
establish priorities for implementation. Establish annual capital budgeting
for drainage improvements. Develop an information program to increase
citizen awareness of private drainage responsibilities and potential storm
water effects.
• Develop a system for financing the public costs of controlling storm water
discharge from new development. Use general City revenues to finance
the correction of existing drainage deficiencies until annual costs reach a
level which justifies a "drainage/storm water utility fee" approach to
financing. Development of financing methods which equitably distribute
program costs such as general City revenue, development fees, and
storm water utility fees.
The City's storm water system action strategies include:
• Development of a master drainage plan
• Development of a storm water management program
• Development of a storm water capital improvements plan
• Implementation of the capital improvements plan
• Enforce drainage and storm water policies and regulations through design
review and construction inspections
B. Pasquotank County
In order to address drainage and flooding concerns, Pasquotank County is currently
considering the establishment of storm water management service districts
throughout the County. In April 2004, the County requested financial assistance
from the State of North Carolina to prepare a countywide drainage study to
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 114 of 270
Section III: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

I
determine watershed needs, stream base flows, and needed ordinances and
regulations. The County's drainage study may be the basis for a unified City and
County approach to stormwater management.
A long range drainage plan is needed to address maintenance of the existing
drainage systems to insure current agricultural operations are protected and plan for
future development. Insufficient planning will create unmanageable drainage
problems due to the lack of maintenance and uncontrolled encroachment into these
systems.
During preparation of the land use plan, Natural Resources Conservation
Service personnel have assisted the County by using existing topography
mapping to divide the county into ten drainage basin districts. Areas in
two of the established drainage basins (Knobbs Creek and Charles
Creek) extend into the City of Elizabeth City's planning jurisdiction prior to
draining into the Pasquotank River. The City of Elizabeth City is currently
preparing storm water drainage improvement plans. Planned county
drainage improvements within the two drainage basins extending into the
City must be coordinated with the planned improvements within the City
of Elizabeth City. Engineering plans for county improvements must be
designed so as to not overburden the City's drainage system.
The County proposes to create and implement planned improvements within Special
Use Water Management Districts (SUWMD). These districts will be defined by the
drainage basin areas. Other proposed County storm water management activities
include:
• Create committees (composed of elected officials and landowners in each
SUWMD) to govern the planning and budgeting process.
• Seek technical assistance for drainage design improvements from the
Natural Resources Conservation Service personnel and professional
engineering services.
• Prepare a maintenance schedule and budget for the management of the
natural drainage in each SUWMD. The management program will consist
of clearing and snagging the lower end of major drain ways to the field's
edge where the artificial ditch drainage systems govern the flow.
• Identify all significant areas of concern (future development, areas that
are especially flood prone, etc.) in each SUWMD. These areas will be
denoted on plan maps and given a priority for maintenance
implementation.
• Seek financial assistance from federal, state and local agencies to
implement planned improvements (Soil & Water Conservation Districts
NC Clean Water Management Trust Fund, Rural Development, USDA -
Resource Conservation Development).
• Drainage tax may be implemented for landowner's within SUWMD's to
fund improvements and future maintenance where financial assistance
cannot be obtained.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 115 of 270
Section III.- Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

Figure 7A: Pasquotank County Stormwater Systems Map
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 116 of 270
Section III: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

r,:
Newland
-o Upper
a Pasquotank
�P 3d
�N
Knobbs
Creek
Upper
Little Charles
River Creek
to
A^�. PR. Newbegun
ii
P
Water
Management
Districts
Morgans
Comer
Flatly Creek
Figure 7A
Stormwater Management Systems
PASQUOTANK COUNTY, NC
Legend
NPDES Discharge Locations
Sewer Discharge
Elizabeth City Corporate Limits
Elizabeth City ETJ
0 Water Management Districts
Q USDA Hydrological Units
Elevation
. High: 52
Low: -23
VVY
Printed on August 13. 2009 THE WOOTEN COMPANY
EU7ABETH CRY WP
ELIZABETH CITY (CITY) -wWTP
U.S.COAST GUARD SUPPORT CENTER
Weeksville
.wcl4:,Fi V
PASOUOTANK CO MP
}1.9frrkRLE
The preparation of this map was financed in part through a grant provided by the North
Carolina Coastal Management Program, through funds provided by the Coastal Zone
Management Act of 1972. as amended.. which is administered by the Office of Ocean and
Coastal Resource Management. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.

Figure 7B: Stormwater
Management Systems l ,
ELIZABETH CITY, NC \ 17
Legend y/
Storm Infrastructure
Stowaler Pump p Slatwn
MP Drainage Miligalion Program _f
BEER Charles CreeW Roanoke Ave. Damage Mitigatnn
ODamage Basins
Drainage Direction
0 USDA Hydrological Units
— — — Proposes Thoroughfares
Elisabeth City Corporate Limits
EI¢abeth City ETJ
Water
Elevation
Hq052
r
Low:-23
IVPnmca on A14m1 13. M09
Ri
IOE WOOTENWNIPMv
Itl
is
17
The preparation of this map tvas (maned in part through a grant provided by the Nor';
Carolina Coastal Management Program, through funds provided by the Coastal Zone
Management Act of 1972, as amended, which is administered by the Office of Ocean
Coastal Resource Management. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Admii�
ram+• 17 34 1
N
�•
' � � 34
Drainage Basin Areas calculated by McDowell & Associates, PA / ��

Figure 78: Elizabeth City Stormwater Systems Map
h
k
Pasquotank County / Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 117 of 270
' Section 111.• Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

C. Existing Drainage Problems
Drainage problems exist throughout the County planning jurisdiction. Streams,
creeks, and other low lying areas within the drainage basins have not been
maintained over the years. The actual channels of these areas need to be cleared of
fallen debris and sediments. Areas with repetitive flooding problems are delineated
in Section 3.2.3 D.
Drainage problems within the City of Elizabeth City are caused by City's coastal
location and proximity to the Pasquotank River. The following areas experience
routine drainage problems:
Major NCDOT Streets
•
Road Street
•
Ward Street.
•
Poindexter Street
•
Elizabeth Street
•
Water Street
•
Ehringhaus Street
•
Southern Avenue/Parkview Drive
•
Roanoke Avenue
•
Herrington Road
•
Peartree Road
•
Halstead Boulevard/Weeksville Road
•
Hughes Boulevard
Typical Drainage Issues
a. NCDOT Maintained Streets
o Parkview Drive
o Oak Grove Subdivision
o Spaulding Park Subdivision
o Summerfield, Phase 1
b. City Maintenance
o Edgewood Drive / Hopkins Drive
o Hopkins Drive / Crescent Drive
o Summerfield, Phase 1
o Hull Street
o Drain & Sewer Cross Connections
o Oxford Heights
c. Storm Pump Station Areas
o Grice Street
o White & Bright / Road Street
o Glade Street Area
d. Tidal influence on flooding
o River Road
o Pond House
o Riverside Avenue/Flora Street
o Roanoke Avenue
o Water Street/Shepard Street/MOA
Pasquotank County I Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 118 of 270
Section III: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

D. Water Quality Problems Related to Point Sources
There are no storm water problems within the Pasquotank County planning
' jurisdiction related to point sources. The City of Elizabeth City conducts routine
storm water sampling in accordance with NPDES permitting requirements. The City
has not been notified of any point source discharges.
' E. Joint Storm water Management Strategy
9Y
' Pasquotank County contracted with Hobbs, Upchurch & Associates, P.A. in 2005 to
begin work on delineating current watersheds for the County. The engineer initially
used watershed boundaries approximated by the Natural Resources Conservation
Service. The County Board of Commissioners identified individuals that owned large
' parcels of land in each watershed to serve as a source to help confirm the actual
watershed boundary and to identify existing drainage concerns. In addition to
meeting with the landowners, the engineer has made field investigations after large
I
storm events to verify drainage flow directions.
The County Commissioners have directed the County Attorney to prepare a storm
' water ordinance that will be supplemented by a drainage design manual. Patton
Harris Rust & Associates, P.C. has been contracted to prepare the drainage design
manual. The first draft of the storm water ordinance and the drainage design manual
' has been completed. Patton Harris Rust & Associates, P.C. has also been
contracted to perform drainage reviews for new subdivisions and
commercial/industrial site plans. Patton Harris Rust & Associates, P.C. has also
' been contracted to perform a drainage study for Knobbs Creek to identify the existing
conditions of the creek and potential improvements that can be made to improve
drainage.
The City of Elizabeth City contracted with McDowell & Associates, P.A. to prepare a
storm water ordinance and establish drainage districts.
' Representatives of Hobbs, Upchurch & Associates, P.A.; McDowell & Associates,
P.A.; City of Elizabeth City Staff and Pasquotank County Staff have coordinated to
insure watershed boundaries identified in the County jurisdiction coordinate with
' those identified in the City's jurisdiction. The representatives for the two local
governments will continue to coordinate the preparation of the storm water
ordinances to insure compatibility for drainage flowing from the County planning
I
jurisdiction through the City of Elizabeth City to the Pasquotank River.
I
Pasquotank County I Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 119 of 270
' Section III.• Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

3.4.5 Joint Infrastructure Facilities Strategy
Current joint programs supported by Pasquotank County and Elizabeth City include:
Central Communications and Emergency
Management
Pasquotank County 50% -Elizabeth City 33%
Animal Control
Pasquotank County 41.5% - Elizabeth City 41.5%
Economic Development Commission
Pas uotank Count 50% - Elizabeth City 50%
Tax Collections
County collects taxes for City under contract
Fire Protection
City provides fire protection for portions of the
count under contract;
Recreation
City provides recreation services for county under
contract;
Airport Authority
Pas uotank Count 50% - Elizabeth Cit 50%
Fairgrounds Redevelopment Project
Pasquotank Count 50% -Elizabeth City 50%
Senior Center
Pasquotank Count 50% - Elizabeth City 50%
Fire Marshall
Count contract with City
Sewer Line under development)
Cost -sharing by both 92vernments
In 2007, a joint City and County Comprehensive Parks & Recreation Master Plan
was approved. A primary purpose of the plan was to identify the public's desire for
park and recreational facilities and the growing demand for future park and
recreational needs. The master plan addresses the deficiencies with neighborhood
parks and sports complexes. The recommendations include:
• developing joint use agreements for the public use of school facilities
• establish a greenway master plan and seek opportunities to develop the
plan
• provide conveniently located recreation facilities
• assessing existing parks to evaluate the need for expanding and/or updating
the facilities to maximize the potential use while planning for additional
facilities to meet current and future needs
• alternative funding techniques and methods for acquisition and development
of new facilities
• plan for additional employees coinciding with the increase in parks
3.4.6 Public Water Access Areas
Existing public water access sites and private marina facilities are identified in
Appendix J. Elizabeth City has five public accesses to the water and five marinas. It
is Elizabeth City's policy to maintain the five existing public waterfront locations while
promoting revitalization of underutilized private locations. Neither the City or County
currently have a formal public water access plan. The provision of additional public
water access points is generally limited due to the unavailability of persons willing to
sell waterfront property for such purposes.
3.4.7 Other Facilities
Within the next ten years, Roanoke Bible College plans to build 20 to 30 new
housing units with the construction of new town houses for married students. There
are also plans for a new classroom building, new cafeteria, new gymnasium, and
renovation of the old gymnasium to expand the library and the chapel.
Pasquotank County/Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 120 of 270
Section 11l: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

' Elizabeth City State University will complete a new dormitory to house 274 new
students by June 2008. There is also a plan for a new pharmacy school to be
' completed by 2009.
College of the Albemarle is planning a two-story building expansion and renovation
' to Building A. The first floor will house all student support functions for admitting,
counseling, and providing financial aid to students and the second floor will include
two new science labs and a 120-seat lecture hall.
Albemarle Hospital is planning to expand the emergency room area from 16
treatment rooms to 34 and establish an Albemarle Mental Health Crisis Center to
serve an 11-county area.
3.5 Land Suitability Analysis
Subchapter 7B .0702(c)(5) requires that the land use plan include a land suitability analysis to
determine the community's supply of land suited for development based upon the following
considerations:
• Natural system constraints
• Compatibility with existing land uses and development patterns
• Existing land use and development criteria of local, state, and federal
' agencies
• Availability and capacity of water, sewer, storm water management
facilities, and transportation systems
The primary purpose of the land suitability analysis is to provide the local government with
information regarding the best areas for development in order to guide the formulation of
policies and the preparation of the Future Land Use Map.
The following factors must be considered to assess land suitability:
• Water quality
' • Land Classes I, II, and III
• Proximity to existing developed areas and compatibility with existing land
uses
• Potential impact of development on areas and sites designated by local
historic commissions or the NC Department of Cultural Resources as
historic, culturally significant, or scenic
' • Land use and development requirements of local development
regulations, CAMA Use Standards and other applicable state regulations,
and applicable federal regulations
• Availability of community facilities, including water, sewer, storm water
and transportation
' The development of a Land Suitability Map is required as part of the suitability analysis. The
Land Suitability Map is intended to illustrate the degree to which land within the planning area is
suitable for development. The Division of Coastal Management and the NC Center for
Geographic Information and Analysis have jointly developed a GIS-based land suitability
analysis model for analyzing and mapping land suitability. The suitability criteria, ratings, and
weight factors used in this model to prepare the Land Suitability Map are delineated in the
following table.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 121 of 270
Section III: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

r M M = M M M M M M = M = M M M M M
. ...
----------------Criteria and Rating -------------------
Layer Name
Least
Low
Medium
High
Assigned
_ Percent
Suitable
Suitability
Suitability
Suitability
Weight
Weight
0
-2
1
2
Coastal Wetlands
Exclusion
Inside
Outside
-.....----_...__..__._._.._ __ _..._.._......_...----.._ ...__...__.__..,.—--- _.............._......_----- .._....__......._._..
Exceptional and Substantial Noncoastal Wetlands
_....__........__......__................_...._....._._....._.......__.........
Exclusion
Inside
__...._.........._._......._.....__...._...._........_.............._................_.....__............_..............._................_......_............--
Outside
-.._.._.._.._......................._....__........._..__................._..._.
................ _......... ... .._............ ... ._---- _..__........... ..... _.__...... .......... .__..... _........ _— _ _..__....__....__.—.._._
Estuarine Waters
..__....
Exclusion
...... _.---........
Inside
_........ _..... ................................ _._.._._
Outside
................................. ........._.................
_......_.. _._......_........
... ............. -._...__......... _....................
._.................. _.......... .............. ....
............ .................... _.................... _............................ _..... _............................................... _... _......................................... ....._.........._.............--........... _._...
Protected Lands
_...- _
Exclusion
Inside
Outside
_.__._....__._....._.__.--.-—._..__...__._...._..._..._._.._.....-.---.....__..._._...._....._..___.._.__._...... .
Beneficial Noncoastal Wetlands
........ _ ___.__ .__
Weighted
__.—.
Inside
Outside
1
4.348
-._.._...........
Storm Surge Areas
Weighted
.... _.._.......... __.........................
Inside
.--........... _.............
Outside
2
8.696
_. -- -- -- ._.........___...._..... ----.._...
Soils with septic limitations
__..._.._.__.._ ._ ......._.
Weighted
,____.......__._....._.__....__...
_.... _.... _.........................._.._................
Severe
.... _... _...................... _...............................
Moderate
._............ __... _........... _............ _..........
Slight
....... _...... _.__............ _..__..._._..
2
......... —- ...... __....... _.
8.696
_......__._._..._._ _-- .—... —_...._..__......__..__..._.........—te-._._....._..._...st 1...._._............_.........._..._.__..98
Flood Zones (Flood maps dad Augu5)
.._.._.__...__._.._......___....._......._......__._.._.......__._..._..
Weighted
_....__.._..._.....__......_.............__._............._._._..._......_............._._......._................_......_.._.........__........-........................---......._.._
Inside
Outside
2
_.
8.696
Water Supply Watersheds
Weighted
Inside
Outside
1
4.348
Significant Natural Heritage Areas
Weighted
< 500'
> 500'
1
4.348
Hazardous Substance Disposal Sites
Weighted
< 500'
> 500'
1
4.348
NPDES Sites
Weighted
< 500'
> 500'
1
4.348
Wastewater Treatment Plants
Weighted
< 500'
> 500'
1
4.348
Municipal Sewer Discharge Points
Weighted
< 500'
> 500'
1
4.348
Airports
Weighted
< 500'
> 500'
1
4.348
--- _ _�__ _.__.. _ _ �.
Developed Land
_.__..._...,_....__.....................__..._........_._......__.._...._..__..__._..._._.....__......_..
Weighted
> 1 mi
_....._............_,.,..._.............._,......._._........___......._..._...__
.5 -1 mi
< .5 mi
........ ..n.......... _... _..
1
_ ..�.___.._._....._..
4.348
................................................................................................................................................................... .
Primary Roads
Weighted
> 1 mi
.5 - 1 mi
< .5 mi
2
8.696
................................................................................................ ..... .. .
Water Pipes
Weighted
> .5 mi
.25 - .5 mi
< .25 mi
3
13.043
..._.............................................................................................................................................................. .. .. ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Sewer Pipes
Weighted
> .5 mi
.25 - .5 mi
< .25 mi
3
13.043
_................................... - ..__...._._..._...._.......... ____......... --_.._.—._._........... __..._._......_._.......... _._...... ._._._.
Total Percent
_ -
__......_....._........_...._........._...
.._..... _...... _........ ........ _...... _........
............... __...__.._._..... _..... _.......
..... ._.... _... _....................... ._..__:....
....... _.... . .... _....... _.............. __....
._.... _................... _....... ._.w._...
....... ._.................. - ......... _..
100.000
Mean Percent
_.— _—.__-----
Mean Weight
_—�1.533-...----
-��-
Assigned weight: 1 = Important 2 = Very important 3 = Most important for development
'Inside' = physically located within the layer. 'Outside' = not physically located within the layer.
Sources: William B. Farris, Frederick Steiner, The Living Landscape, Carteret County Land Suitability Analysis, Kaiser et al, Urban Land Use Planning, review by
Onslow County Planning Department. Layers Not Used in Pasquotank County: Land Application Sites, HQW/ORW Watersheds, Department of Defense. The
DCM model default settings were utilized in this analysis.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 122 of 270
Section III: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

' The Land Suitability Map produced through this modeling process classifies land as High
Suitability, Medium Suitability, Low Suitability, and Least Suitable. The model utilized to
' produce this map uses one acre of land area to delineate a pixel or cell on the map.
Consequently, the information provided by this map is intended to show generalized patterns
and is not suitable for site -specific application. Flood zone information for the analysis was
' based on the National Flood Insurance Maps dated August 1985. Elizabeth City and
Pasquotank County adopted updated flood maps in October 2004.
In general, the areas with the higher suitability ratings are located within the Elizabeth City
urban area; along the US Highway 17 Business, US Highway 158, and NC Highway 34
corridors; and in areas where public water and/or sewer services are available. Lower suitability
ratings are found in areas subject to flooding, wetlands areas, and areas without public utilities.
Figure 8, Land Suitability Map graphically illustrates the suitability ratings.
Table -
Land Area within Land .. ility Classifications
Suitability Rating Acres Percent
High Suitability
40,065
27.8%
Medium Suitability
50,745
35.2%
Low Suitability
33,311
23.1%
Least Suitable
20,008
13.9%
A comparison of Figure 4A and 4B, Existing Land Use Maps with the Land Suitability Map
' reveals that a considerable number of vacant/under-utilized tracts are located within the areas
with the higher suitability ratings. Large amounts of acreage currently used for agricultural
and/or forestry purposes are also located within the high and medium suitability classified areas.
3.6 Review of Current Land Use Plan
Subchapter 7B .0702(c)(6) requires that the preparation of the land use plan update include an
' evaluation of the community's success in implementing the policies and programs adopted in
the current land use plan as well as the effectiveness of those policies in achieving the goals of
the plan. The current Pasquotank County CAMA Land Use Plan was certified in April 1996 and
' the Elizabeth City Plan in September 1994. An evaluation of each community's current land use
plan policies and implementation strategies is contained in Appendix I. A summary of ordinance
consistency, implementation actions taken and overall effectiveness of current land use plan
' policies follows.
A. Consistency of Existing Ordinances with the Current Land Use Plan
Policies
Pasquotank County's land use and land development ordinances include a zoning
ordinance, subdivision ordinance, flood damage prevention ordinance, public water
supply watershed ordinance, multi -family dwellings ordinance, and an airport height
' restriction ordinance. The County considers their existing ordinances to generally be
consistent with the 1996 Land Use Plan Policies. Ordinance revisions/adoptions that
have been made to ensure consistency with the 1996 Plan policies include:
• Adoption of the Regional Airport Height Restriction Ordinance in 1999.
A subdivision ordinance revision requiring a storm water review for a ten-
year storm event for proposed subdivisions.
' • Adoption of Countywide zoning in 2002.
Pasquotank County I Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 123 of 270
Section III: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

• A zoning ordinance revision requiring a minimum one acre lot area for
parcels utilizing septic systems for wastewater treatment.
Elizabeth City's land use and development ordinances include a Unified
Development Ordinance (UDO) and a Storm Water Management Ordinance. The
UDO includes zoning, subdivision, flood damage prevention, airport height, and
public water supply watershed regulations. The City considers their existing
ordinances to generally be consistent with the 1994 Land Use Plan Policies.
Ordinance revisions/adoptions and other actions that have been taken to ensure
consistency with the 1994 Plan policies include:
• Adoption of the Unified Development Ordinance in 1999.
• Adoption of the storm water management ordinance in 2001.
B. Adoption of the Current Implementation Measures
Major implementation activities undertaken by Pasquotank County since the
preparation of the 1996 Land Use Plan include:
• Adoption of the Regional Airport Height Restriction Ordinance in 1999.
• Adoption of Countywide zoning in 2002.
• Participation in the NC Ecosystem Enhancement Program.
• Undertaking a study to evaluate the effect of development impact fees.
Major implementation activities undertaken by Elizabeth City since the preparation of
the 1994 Land Use Plan include:
• $20 million investment in upgrading its water and wastewater treatment
facilities.
• Obtained a $1.75 million community development grant to improve the
Hugh -Cale neighborhood
• Obtained a $400,000 CDBG grant to rehabilitate dwellings in Elizabeth
City and in the County.
• Administering a $220,000 Housing Finance Agency grant to rehabilitate
dwelling in Elizabeth City.
• Updating the thoroughfare plan in 1996.
• Creation of a Waterfront Master Plan in 2001 and installation of
streetscape improvements on Main Street.
• Employment of a code enforcement officer in 2001.
• Adoption of the Unified Development Ordinance in 1999.
• Adoption of the storm water management ordinance in 2001.
• Participation in the NC Wetlands Restoration Program.
• Acquisition of and removal of several structures from flood hazard areas.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 124 of 270
Section 111.• Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

kip
� y�
L_-1� 1
■
} (izabeth City
Creek
1 1�1 T
.t M_ <,
Nixonton '
.Wn,C ,,s Creek
SVIII /IdS C E A ISWIDnP C/eekl
Figure 8: Land Suitability Map
PASQUOTANK COUNTY, NC
P
Legend
---- Proposed Thoroughfares
— Major Roads
i Elizabeth City Corporate Limits
Elizabeth City ETJ
Suitability
O High Suitability
Medium Suitability
Low Suitability
® Least Suitable
THE WOOTEN COMPANY
Miba
Printed on August 13, 2009 o as i 2
Palm Creek
A. Begw Cyr.
Pasquotank River
_rd
Chap,,'.^.reek
Oa/n C/rok
V 't
Biq Flatly Creek
ALBEMARLE SOUND
The preparation of this map was financed in part through a grant provided by the North
Carolina Coastal Management Program, through funds provided by the Coastal Zone
Management Act of 1972. as amended, which is administered by the Office of Ocean and
Coastal Resource Management, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.

Figure 8: Land Suitability Map
Pasquotank County / Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 125 of 270
' Section III: Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

C. Effectiveness of the Current Policies
Both Pasquotank County and Elizabeth City consider that their current Land Use
Plan policies are generally achieving the desired land use patterns and protecting
natural systems. However, additional and/or revised policies are needed to ensure
continued effective land use planning and protection of fragile natural environments.
General policy areas that will be considered for revision of existing policies or
development of new policies include:
• Intergovernmental cooperation and coordination
• Storm water management
• Development principles and techniques to better ensure land use
compatibility with land suitability
• Establishment of public utility service areas
• Joint preparation of development standards and guidelines for the
Halstead Boulevard Connector
• Municipal extraterritorial planning and zoning jurisdiction
• Public water access planning
Pasquotank County I Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 126 of 270
Section IIL• Analysis of Existing and Emerging Conditions

11 SECTION IV PLAN FOR THE FUTURE 11
This section of the Plan is organized in accordance with the requirements of Subchapter 7B
.0702(d). Section IV includes goals, land use and development policies, and a Future Land Use
Map. This portion of the Plan is intended to guide the development and use of land within the
planning jurisdictions of Pasquotank County and Elizabeth City in a manner that achieves each
community's goals and the goals of the Coastal Area Management Act program.
' Within this section specific definition of terms used in the goals and policies are as follows:
Continue: Follow past and present procedures to maintain desired goal, usually with elected
' officials, appointed officials, and staff involved at all levels from planning to implementation.
Encourage: To stimulate or foster a particular condition through direct or indirect action the
' private sector or through local government regulation, staff recommendation and decisions.
Enhance: Improve existing conditions by increasing the quantity or quality of desired features or
' current regulations and decisions towards a desired state through the use of policies and
elected officials, appointed officials, and staff involved at all levels of planning. This could
include financial support.
' Implement. Actions to guide the accomplishment of the Plan recommendations.
' Promote: Advance the desired state through the use of local government policies and codes
and elected officials, appointed officials, and staff involved at all levels of planning. This may
include financial support.
' Protect. Guard against a deterioration of the desired state through the use of local government
policies and regulations, staff, and, if needed, financial assistance.
' Prevent. Stop a described event through the use of appropriate local government regulations,
staff actions, permit -issuing authority actions, and local government finances, if needed.
' Provide: Take the lead role in supplying the needed financial and staff support to achieve the
desired goal. The local government is typically involved in all aspects from planning to
implementation to maintenance.
' Support. Supply the needed staff support, policies, and financial assistance at all levels to
achieve the desired goal.
' Work: Cooperate and act in a manner through the use of elected and advisory boards, staff,
actions, and policies to create the desired goal.
' During the course of the preparation of the land use plan update, specific issues have been
identified that the County's and City's goals and policies strive to address. The following table
summarizes, by Coastal Resource Commission (CRC) land use plan management topic, those
' issues.
Pasquotank County I Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 127 of 270
Section IV: Plan for the Future

" .• '
• •VIrMfOIC111WOR ••
Management
-_Topic.Categorr_
_. ....... . ___ _ _ _ Locall, r�ldentifled Issue —
Public Water
Providing for public water access to all segments of the community, including
Access
persons with disabilities.
Development of comprehensive policies that provide access opportunities for the
public along the shoreline within the planning jurisdiction.
Land Use
Development of local development policies that balance protection of natural
Compatibility
resources and fragile areas with economic development.
Development of policies that provide clear direction to assist local decision making
and consistency findings for zoning, divisions of land, and public and private
Ejects.
Com atibility of County land use regulations in future municipal utility service areas.
Development of land use and development policies that minimize adverse impacts
on Areas of Environmental Concern (AEC) and which support overall CAMA oag ls.
Infrastructure
Establishment of service area boundaries for existing and future infrastructure
Development of infrastructure service policies and criteria consistent with future
Carrying Capacity
land needs projections
Correlating Future Land Use Map categories with existing and planned
infrastructure such as water, sewer, and transportation facilities
_
Ensuring that public infrastructure systems are appropriately sized, located, and
managed so that the quality and productivity of AECS and other fragile areas are
protected or restored
Natural Hazard
Development of policies that minimize threats to life, property, and natural
Areas
resources resulting from land development located in or adjacent to hazard areas
such as those subject to erosion, high winds, storm surge, flooding, or sea level
rise.
Development of location, density, and intensity criteria for new, existing
development, and redevelopment (including public facilities and infrastructure) so
as to avoid or better withstand natural hazards.
Ensuring that existing and planned development is coordinated with existing and
planned evacuation infrastructure.
Water Quality
Development of policies to prevent or control non -point source discharges (sewage
and storm water) such as impervious surface limits, vegetated riparian buffers,
_wetlands_protection, etc_
Establishment of policies and land use categories for protecting open shell fishing
waters and restoring closed shell fishing waters.
Adoption of policies for coastal waters within the planning jurisdiction to help ensure
_
that water quality is maintained if not impaired and improved if impaired._
Areas of Local
Identify and address local concerns and issues, such as cultural and historic areas,
Concern
scenic areas, economic development, or general health and human service needs
4.1 Land Use and Development Goals '
The formulation of land use and development goals is based upon each community's evaluation
of its identified concerns and aspirations (Section II) and the needs and opportunities identified '
in the analysis of existing and emerging conditions (Section III). These land use plan goals
were formulated after a review and analysis of the goals and objectives contained in the 1994
Elizabeth City and the 1996 Pasquotank County CAMA Land Use Plans, the Elizabeth City draft ,
Comprehensive Plan, and the Coastal Resource Commission (CRC) management goals and
planning objectives (see Appendix K and Appendix L for summaries of each). Delineation of
goals is a foundation upon which policy statements can be built. I
Pasquotank County / Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 128 of 270
Section IV. Plan for the Future I

F
4.1.1 Pasquotank County And Elizabeth City Goals
' The following table summarizes the land use and development goals, organized by CRC
land use plan management topic, that have been formulated by Pasquotank County and
Elizabeth City.
r
_..ALanc ement Topic
. -Yin L!j�Oj1#L;F#14gG1'!r-
Goal`_
Public Water Access
Provide adequate opportunities for public access to coastal waters
Land Use
Compatibility
Balance growth and development and conservation/preservation of natural
resources
Encourage land development in accordance with the suitability of the land,
compatibility of surrounding land uses and the infrastructure available.
Promote land use and land development compatible with the functional purposes
of Areas of Environmental Concern
Infrastructure
Car ing Capacity
Promote land use and public infrastructure development that is compatible with
land suitability as well as capabilities to provide requisite public services
Natural Hazard Areas
Conserve and maintain areas that help protect against natural hazard areas _
Water Quality
Maintain and enhance the water quality of coastal waters
Areas of Local
Concern
Preserve historic and cultural resources
Provide a variety of housing opportunities
Promote diversified economic develo ment
4.2 Land Use and Development Policies
' The formulation of land use and development policies is based upon a review and analysis of
policy statements contained in the 1994 Elizabeth City and the 1996 Pasquotank County CAMA
Land Use Plans (see Appendix I for a summary of policies from these plans); an evaluation of
' identified concerns and aspirations (Section II) and the needs and opportunities identified in the
analysis of existing and emerging conditions (Section III); input from the Joint Land Use Plan
Committee, local planning boards, and elected officials; and input obtained through citizen
' participation efforts including public informational meetings, public forums, and Joint Land Use
Plan Committee meetings.
' 4.2.1 Pasquotank County Policy Statements
The following table summarizes the land use and development policies that have been
formulated by Pasquotank County.
u
II
L�
Table-
Pasquotank County Land Use . Development
A. Pas uotank County Public Water Access Policies
Policy 1: Ensure a variety of opportunities for access to public trust waters to all
_segments of the community, including persons with disabilities. _
Policy 2: Coordinate the provision of private access to public trust waters for all properties
within new waterfront developments during the subdivision plat approval process: _
Policy 3: Develop, based upon the availability of grant funds, a comprehensive public
waterfront access plan to evaluate access needs, opportunities, and implementation
strategies.
Policy 4: Acquire, in accordance with an adopted access plan and funding availability,
rights -of -way, fee simple title and/or easements to allow public access along the
navigable waterways.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 129 of 270
' Section IV: Plan for the Future

_ B. Pasquotank County Land Use Compatibility Policies— _—
Policy 1: Ensure that land use and development activities provide a balance between —
economic development needs and protection of natural resources and fragile
environments.
Policy 2: Support growth and development at the densities and intensities specified
in the Future Land Use Map land classifications as delineated in Section 4.3.1 of this
flan:
Policy 3: Require a District Health Department septic tank permit prior to issuing a
_buildingpermit.
Policy 4: Pasquotank County will work with Elizabeth City to develop coordinated
development standards regarding signage, landscaping, and other aesthetic related
requirements for the Halstead Boulevard Connector.
Policy 5: Use soil information in determining the allowable density and intensity of
development in areas where the soils have severe limitations for septic tank drainfields.
Policy 6: Continue cooperation with Elizabeth City for the protection of the flight
approaches at the US Coast Guard Air Station and the Elizabeth City/Pasquotank County
Regional Airport.
Policy 7: Inspect and regulate the storage of hazardous wastes at sites in the County.
Permits for land uses which will involve storage of petrochemicals proposed adjacent to
waterways and wetlands shall not be permitted without minimizing the effects of potential
—pills. _ _ _
Policy 8: Direct urban development into areas intrinsically suitable for development via
the extension of services and approval of future capital projects.
Policy 9: In order to preserve farmland and rural open space in areas designated as
Agricultural on the Future Land Use Map, the County supports the establishment of a
voluntary agricultural district program, strongly discourage residential development, and
discourages the extension of public water and sewer utilities into these areas.
Policy 10: Safeguard areas suitable for industrial development from encroachment by
competing land uses.
Policy 11: Encourage industries to locate in the Pasquotank County Commerce Park
and in other industrial/commercial parks.
Policy 12: Ensure consistency of land use and development proposals with the goals,
objectives, and pqliqies of the adopted Land Use Plan.__ _
Policy 13: Conduct an ongoing review of the zoning regulations to assure that urban
development that is occurring is compatible with the area and is supportable by County
services.
Policy 14: Safeguard the County's highways from obstructions to sight and turning
movements that constitute safety hazards as well as work closely with the North Carolina
Department of Transportation in the programming of road improvements with sufficient
rights of way and pavement width. _
—.___._._�_.—_...__....______........
_
Policy 15: Prepare an access management regulation with the cooperation of the NC
Department of Transportation to regulate the number and location of driveway openings
along state roadways.
_ C. Pasquotank Count_y Infrastructure Carrying Capacity Policies Policy 1: Development within the County shall only be approved where adequate
public or approved private facilities and services are available, including water, sewage
disposal, and roads.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 130 of 270
Section IV: Plan for the Future

— _ C. Pasquotank County Infrastructure Carrying Capacity Policies
Policy 2: Ensure that infrastructure systems are correlated with population projections,
future land needs, and the future land use classifications as delineated in Section 4.3.1 of
this plan. _
Policy 3: Coordinate the establishment of service area boundaries for existing and
future water and sewer infrastructure with Elizabeth City and other utility providers.
Policy 4: Provide adequate levels of service for public facilities and services in the most
efficient manner.
Policy 5: Program capital projects on a five year basis. _
Policy 6: Undertake a review of all development fees to determine if the fees being
charged offset the cost to the County in time and materials.
Policy 7: Allow small package treatment systems that accommodate commercial and
industrial development in locations removed from the most vulnerable storm inundation
areas provided that an acceptable legal entity is established to ensure the adequate long-
term maintenance of such systems. Package treatment systems shall not be allowed to
accommodate residential development.
D. Pasquotank County Natural Hazard Area Policies
Policy 1: Support the goals and implementation of the recommended mitigation
measures of the July 2005 Pasquotank County/Elizabeth City Hazard Mitigation Plan
as delineated in Section 3.2.3, D of this plan.
Policy 2: Support land developments that utilize techniques such as retention of
vegetative buffers and open space preservation to provide protection from flooding and
storm surge.
Policy 3: Ensure that evacuation plans and needs are addressed as new development
__,proposals are reviewed for approval.
Policy 4: Ensure that new development is protected from flood hazard through the
administration of the County flood damage prevention ordinance and continued
partici ation in the National Flood Insurance Program.
Policy 5: Support the Emergency Management Agency via funding, equipment and
facilities including the preparation of post disaster recover plans and coordination with
other County, state and federal agencies in emergency events.
Policy 6: Reconstruct failed water lines within the County service area and aid
reconstruction of water lines in other service areas on a critical need basis.
E. Pasquotank County Water Quality Policies
Policy 1: Ensure that water quality in coastal wetlands, rivers, streams, and estuaries is
maintained if not impaired and improved if impaired.
Policy 2: Coordinate the approval of local land development projects with applicable
state agencies to ensure compliance with regulations to prevent or control nonpoint
source discharges.
Policy 3: Establish land use categories that maximize the protection of open shell
fishing waters and that assist with the restoration of any closed shell fishing waters.
Policy 4: Pasquotank County supports the development of a joint master drainage plan
with Elizabeth City.
Policy 5: Encourage the use of Best Management Practices for agriculture and land
development.
Policy 6: Support state and federal efforts to preserve the swamp's unique ecological
functions of aquifer recharge and wildlife habitat.
Pasquotank County I Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 131 of 270
' Section IV: Plan for the Future

F. Pasquotank County Areas of Environmental Concern Policies
Policy 1: Support state and federal law regarding land use and development in AEC.
Policy 2: Within AEC, permit those land uses which conform to the general use
standards of the North Carolina Administrative Code (15 NCAC 7H) for development
within the estuarine system. Generally, only those uses which are water -dependent will
be permitted in coastal wetlands, estuarine waters, and public trust areas. Examples of
permitted water -dependent uses include utility easements, docks, boat ramps,
dredging, bridges and bridge approaches, revetments, culverts, groins, navigational
aids, mooring pilings, navigational channels, simple access channels, and drainage
ditches.
Policy 3: Restrict, through its zoning ordinance and subdivision regulations, land uses in
coastal wetlands to those that support wetlands conservation and which do not adversely
affect their delicate balance.
Policy 4: Restrict development in estuarine waters and public trust waters to those uses
which will not cause significant degradation of the natural function nor condition of the
estuarine waters and public trust areas.
Policy 5: Comment concerning the overall interests of County residents on CAMA
dredge and fill permits for projects which would be detrimental to rivers and wetlands
lying within or adjacent to unincorporated portions of the County.
Policy 6: Support CAMA restriction of development on Albemarle Sound Islands as well
as dredging of marshlands for bulkhead installation along Albemarle_ Sound.___
Policy 7: Ensure that water dependent development activities such as marinas including
upland marinas occur in compliance with state and federal regulations and to discourage
non -water dependent uses especially floating home developments in public trust waters.
G. Pasquotank County Areas of Local Concern Policies
Policy 1: Encourage, where practicable and funding is available, the preservation of
historically significant structures and sites.
Policy 2: Continue support of the Albemarle Economic Development Commission.
Policy 3: Conserve the natural and cultural resources of value for recreational
enjoyment and social systems support_ of County residents and tourists.
Policy 4: Enforce the North Carolina Building Code and conduct periodic reviews of the
regulations and construction practices. _
Policy 5: Pursue Community Development Block Grants as well as other economic and
community revitalization initiatives to redevelop specific target areas in the County.
Policy 6: Support state and federal programs which lead to improvements of the quality
of life of County residents and lessen the burdens of County government such as:
highway construction and maintenance, channel maintenance, aviation enhancement,
environmental protection, education, health and human services.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan
Section IV.- Plan for the Future
Page 132 of 270

' 4.2.2 Elizabeth City Policy Statements
The following table summarizes .the land use and development policies, organized by
' CRC land use plan management topic, that have been formulated by the City of
Elizabeth City.
A. Elizabeth City Public Water Access Policies
Policy 1: Ensure a variety of opportunities for access to public trust waters to all
segments of the community, includinpersons with disabilities.
Policy 2: Ensure that the issue of public access to public trust waters is addressed as
new waterfront development proposals are reviewed for approval._
Policy 3: Develop, based upon the availability of grant funds, a comprehensive public
waterfront access plan to evaluate access needs, opportunities, and implementation
strategies.
Policy 4: Elizabeth City recognizes its downtown riverfront area as a tremendous, but
often underdeveloped, attractive resource. In coordination with its policies for increased
tourism and preservation of its unique historic resources, Elizabeth City is committed to
seeing its downtown waterfront develop into an active, lively, attraction for both tourists
and local residents. The City encourages the orderly development of mixed uses,
including retail shops, places of entertainment, restaurants, boating services, and
overnight lodging.
Policy 5: Support the goals, objectives, and recommendations of the 2001 Waterfront
Master Plan in order to guide waterfront development in the downtown area. To begin
implementing the Master Plan, develop design guidelines to create an overlay district for
the waterfront. (See Section 3.3.1 E.. for a summary of plan recommendations
Policy 6: Continue to encourage the development of public and private marina facilities
offering access to area waters for both transient and local boat traffic. However,
development of marina facilities must conform to state, local and federal environmental
regulations. Marinas that are incompatible with the surrounding land uses or whose
designs fail to meet the development and environmental quality standards in addition to
CAMA standards shall not be approved.
Policy 7: Encourage pedestrian access to and utility of the waterfront, in order to
enhance its commercial development/tourist attraction potential.
Policy 8: Encourage major residential developments located adjacent to public trust
waters to dedicate public access to the water, preferably to the general public.
Policy 9: At a minimum, the development standards for boat ramps and/or parking
areas associated with public access sites shall address requirements for storm water run-
off, protection of water quality, an adequate water depth at low tide and landscaping to
address aesthetic concerns.
B. Elizabeth City Land Use Compatibility Policies
Policy 1: Ensure that land use and development activities provide a balance between
economic development needs and protection of natural resources and fragile
environments. Y
Policy 2: . Elizabeth City shall encourage development and redevelopment to occur at
densities appropriate for a location consistent with the land use classifications
delineated in Section 4.3.2. The location and density factors shall include the type and
capacity of sewage treatment and water available to the site, the adequacy of
transportation facilities to access the site, and whether the development is within an
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 133 of 270
' SectionIV. Plan for the Future

B. _Elizabeth City Land Use Compatibility Policies
ea.entally environmentally suitable area.
__—....—._._—....__.. _. —.._...___—._... ._._.._....
__.
Policy 3: Elizabeth City recognizes the importance and necessity of commercial, multi-
family and high density residential projects and the conflicts that may occur with
existing land uses. To mitigate the impacts, the City will develop criteria to aid in
ensuring land use compatibility. Concepts that will be considered include cluster
development, conditional zoning, open space preservation, mixed density development,
innovative storm water management techniques, etc.
Incompatible or poorly planned commercial developments within or immediately
adjacent to existing residential areas shall be constrained. To avoid the proliferation of
strip development, and minimize traffic generation, clustered commercial or mixed -use
centers shall be encouraged.— ..... ____.......
___..__ ._..-----.---
Policy 4: The City believes that future land development patterns should be done so as
to enhance the City's natural scenic and aesthetic qualities. This policy shall especially
apply to any development relating to the Pasquotank River and to commercial activities
along the major thoroughfares_
--- _........__._...._..—._...-- —---....._.._._._._.._._._.
Policy 5: Elizabeth City will work with Pasquotank County to develop coordinated land
use and development standards regarding signage, landscaping, and other aesthetic
related requirements for the Halstead_ Boulevard Connector.
—._.—.._____.__.._......._..._____....._.__._..--.--...._.
Policy 6: Elizabeth City believes that future land development should be completed in a
manner so as to be compatible with existing special natural and cultural resources.
Policy 7:. Restrain influences which are adverse to the Elizabeth City-Pasquotank
County Regional Airport property and safe conduct of aircraft, prevent the creation of
conditions hazardous to aircraft operations, prevent conflict with land development
which may result in lost of life and property, and encourage development which is
compatible with airport use characteristics.
Policy 8: Elizabeth City prefers to see industries developed which are neither excessive
consumers of water resources or cause excessive discharge into its streams. In other
words, relatively `dry' low pollution; light manufacturing and/or assembly industries would
be preferable. -- __._._.......__.__...—...__..__.___._.._.._..._.._._.......
Policy 9: The preferred location for ind___._ustrial and manufacturing land uses is in existing
industrial parks or other suitable sites in accordance with the adopted land use plan. The
City, in conjunction with the County, would like to develop an additional industrial park or
parks, according to the following standards:
1. Provide an assessment of the impact of the development of industry and
require the use of the best available technology to avoid air or water pollution
during construction or operation.
2. Be located on land having stable, well -drained soils. The sites should be
located in areas adequately protected from flooding and be accessible to existing
—_public utilities and transportation routes.
Policy 10: The City of Elizabeth City will not support the development of any `heavy'
industrial use, including energy facilities, which could cause extensive or irreversible
damage to existing fragile or environmentally sensitive areas.
Policy 11: Oppose the development of energy facilities which would substantially
increase the amount of man-made hazards within its jurisdiction, including the storage
and/or transshipment of crude oil.
Policy 12: It is the policy of Elizabeth City to ensure consistency of land use and
development proposals with the goals, objectives, and policies of the adopted Land Use Plan.
Policy 13: Create a joint task force with Pasquotank County to develop coordinated
land use and development regulations for the creation of an aviation center proximate to
Pasquotank County / Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 134 of 270
Section IV: Plan for the Future

__ B. Elizabeth City Land Use. Compatibility Policies_
the Elizabeth Cit _Re ional Air ort.
C Elizabeth City Infrastructure Carrying Capacity Policies
.............__.._....____� _.. _.._._._..... _ __. _..__.__. __. _. —. _...
Policy 1: Continue to evaluate the existing and planned capacity, location and
adequacy of key facilities and services that serve the City. Develop an active wellhead
protection program to assure water quality and quantity. Continue with the replacement
of eroded waterlines and upgrading of small diameter waterlines to provide adequate
pressure. Repair or replace pump stations and aging leaking sanitary sewer lines for
the protection of water duality and public health concerns. —
Policy 2— Ensure that the water and sewer systems will have the capacity for the
forecasted future demands. Develop additional raw water supplies. Generate a master
sewer plan for the strategic placement of force mains and pump stations. Upgrade and
repair the City's core sewer pump stations to meet state compliance standards. Study
the feasibility of creating a regional wastewater authority with Pasquotank and/or
Camden Counties to serve high growth areas surrounding the City and to provide an
economical alternative source of wastewater treatment.
Policy 3: To maximize the functional life of existing roadways, a program of
improvements and maintenance shall be endorsed as a cost effective and
environmental sound means of meeting transportation needs. Develop road design and
construction standards for City streets.
Policy 4: Coordinate the establishment of service area boundaries for existing and
future water and sewer infrastructure with Pasquotank County and other utility providers.
Investigate the feasibility of forming regional water cooperative with the surrounding
-public water systems.
Policy 5: In the interest of long-term development management and both consistency
and continuity of the extension of utilities i.e., water and sewer services, Elizabeth City
will maintain a policy of annexation for appropriate developing areas. 'Appropriate' shall
include those areas meeting the state's statutory requirements for annexation and/or
those areas receiving or requesting City services, i.e., water and sewer.
Policy 6: The -City recognizes the connection between economic development and the
provision of necessary infrastructure, i.e. water, sewer, proper transportation access, etc.
Elizabeth City will seek to provide necessary infrastructure to support development,
within the constraints of its economic capacity, and support state and/or federal efforts to
_ do the same.
Policy 7: Elizabeth City, along with the County will provide, as much as is locationally
and economically feasible, basic support services such as water and sewer to newly
locating industries.
Policy 8: The City recognizes the vital importance and need of basic services, such as
water and sewer, to support growth and development. Therefore, Elizabeth City will
continue to assess and plan for necessary water and sewer facility improvements for
anticipated future growth and development.
Policy 9: Elizabeth City, recognizing the potential limitations on its existing sources of
raw water, i.e. the City well fields, and the Pasquotank River, will initiate efforts to identify,
alternative sources of raw water. This will likely include engineering and hydrological
studies.
Policy 10: The extension of City water and sewer services into previously unserved
areas will be done in light of and consistent with the City's overall land development
policies for the sake of efficiency and economy.
Policy 11: As a matter of general policy, and to the extent feasible, the extension of City
Pasquotank County/Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 135 of 270
SectionIV. Plan for the Future

C. Elizabeth City Infrastructure Carrying C�acity Policies _
water and sewer will be financed by those who benefit directly from the service.
Policy 12: Recognizing the potential constraints to the development of new landfills, due
to recent state and federal environmental regulations, Elizabeth City supports the concept
of a '...... --___—.
Policy 13: The City is committed to the provision of adequate police and fire services to
all of its residents. This will include providing increased personnel as the City's
population increases, (both permanent and transient population.
Policy 14: In order to meet projected demands caused by an anticipated increase in the
school -age population, additional facilities will likely need to be constructed. Elizabeth
City is supportive of such necessary expansion. _ _
_._....-.. - - ---- --- ....__._..—_.... _....
Policy 15: Elizabeth City recognizes the important link between adequate transportation
facilities and economic development. As such, the City supports the proposed Main
Street Connector.
Policy 16: Support the concept of a secondary connecting thoroughfare from the US 17
bypass to NC 34 between the US Coast Guard Station and Weeksville.
Policy 17: The City believes that necessary improvements should be made on a regular
basis in order to upgrade the capacity of the roadway network to meet increasing traffic
demands.
Policy 18: The City believes that pedestrian and bicycle access improvements should
be incorporated into proposed roadway improvements, to include bikeways, and trails,
and more sidewalks and pedestrian traffic signals. This is especially needed in heavily
commercialized areas.
-- — .---._... -- -------- ---------
__._..._..
Policy 19: The City will continue to support the expansion of our local colleges and
hospital (see Section 3.4 7)_ __ ___.___._.___._..___..—..._......_.--._..__.-..--...____..—......_—..___.....—__._._._
Policy 20: The City, in conjunction with the County, shall continue to work
cooperatively with the Pasquotank County school system to develop a joint use
agreement to maximize the use of recreational facilities located at public school sites. _
Policy 21: The City shall seek to identify, plan and develop a system of open space
greenways, hiking and biking trails. Emphasis will be placed on the use of natural
corridors, such as creeks and floodplains, and man-made corridors such as
_transportation and utility right-of-ways and easements.
Policy 22: The City continues to support the implementation of the recommendations
in the Comprehensive Parks & Recreation Master Plan including upgrading and
development of new and existing facilities; land acquisition for neighborhood and
community parks; plan for additional personnel as facilities and programs increase; and
seek alternative funding techniques_ —
—_._........_— _ _—. .._.....-
Policy 23: All new residential developments shall be required to provide for adequate
parks and recreation space. The amount of space shall be proportional to the number
of dwelling units in the development. Fees in lieu of dedication may be approved by the
City Council
D. Elizabeth City_Natural Hazard Areas Policies
Policy 1: The City shall work with Pasquotank County to periodically update and
enforce the Pasquotank County/Elizabeth City Hazard Mitigation Plan as delineated in
Section 3.2.3.D. The plan addresses the full range of natural hazards facing both the
City and county. The plan shall meet the standards of the NC Division of Emergency
Management and FEMA.
Policy 2: . The City shall continue to require development and redevelopment within
special flood hazard areas to meet the standards of the National Flood Insurance
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 136 of 270
Section IV: Plan for the Future

U
D. Elizabeth City Natural Hazard Areas Policies
Program and the City's Flood Hazard District Overlay. Particular attention should be
given to water and wastewater systems located in areas of special flood hazards to
insure that_t_he_systems are designed to minimize or eliminate floodwater infiltration.
Policy 3: Support land developments that utilize techniques such as retention- of
vegetative buffers and open space preservation to provide protection from flooding and
storm surge.
Policy 4: Ensure that evacuation plans and needs are addressed as new development
proposals are reviewed for approval.
Policy 5: Continue to support and enforce the N.C. State Building Code, particularly
requirements of construction standards to meet wind -resistive factors such as design
wind velocity. The City also supports provisions in the State Building Code requiring tie -
downs for mobile homes, which help resist wind damage:__ ^ _
Policy 6: New public facilities and structures, as well as improvements to existing
public structures and facilities, shall be located and designed to mitigate natural
hazards. When placement in a natural hazard area is unavoidable, compliance with the
National Flood Insurance Program and the City's Flood Hazard District Overlay shall be
required
Policy 7: Emergency evacuation shall be a priority in the development and approval of
transportation plans and improvements included in the NCDOT Transportation
Improvement Plan.
Policy 8: It shall not be the policy of Elizabeth City to seek to purchase or annex such
lands which may currently be in the most hazardous areas.
Policy 9: Prior to a storm event, the Council will establish a Recovery Task Force to
assist in overseeing the reconstruction process and to recommend policy changes.
Policy 10: Support emergency management planning and response activities via
funding, equipment and facilities include the preparation of post disaster recover plans
and coordination with county, state and federal agencies in emergency events.
E. Elizabeth City Water Quality Policies _
Policy 1: Elizabeth City's ground water resources shall be protected, especially the
wellfields which are within the Pasquotank County planning jurisdiction. Efforts shall be
made to protect the ground water resources from pollution and excessive drawdowns in
addition to monitoring the water quality and quantity. _
Policy 2: Elizabeth City endorses policies and actions which protect the water quality of
the City's estuarine system by preventing soil erosion, sedimentation and controlling the
storm water run-off quantity and quality.
Policy 3: Run-off and drainage from development activities shall be of a quantity and
quality as near to natural water as possible. Continue to support the use of Best
Management Practices (BMP) in developments, and redevelopments in order to reduce
sedimentation and_pollution run-off. _
Policy 4: Support the development and maintenance of a joint comprehensive
drainage and flood management plan. The City shall support City, County, NCDOT
and property owner cooperation in preventing and resolving storm water problems.
Policy 5:.
Regulate the adverse effects of increased storm water runoff associated with proposed
and existing land development activities within the City and regulate illegal non -storm
water discharges to the storm water drainagesstem.
Policy 6: Encourage developments to preserve the natural elements of the site
including existing topography and significant existing vegetation. Cluster and open
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 137 of 270
' Section IV: Plan for the Future

E. Elizabeth City Water Quality Policies
space developments shall be encouraged so as to reduce the impervious areas
associated with a new development or redevelopment.
Policy 7: The City encourages the retention of natural, or man-made, vegetative
buffers along the edge of streams, wetlands and major drainage ways as an effective
means of protecting the water quality
Policy 8: Establish land use categories that maximize the protection of open
shellfishing waters and that assist with the restoration of any closed shellfishing waters.
F._Elizabeth Cif Areas of Environment Concern Policies _
Policy 1: Support state and federal law regarding land use and development in Areas of
Environmental Concern (AEC).
Policy 2: Within AEC, permit those land uses which conform to the general use
standards of the North Carolina Administrative Code (15 NCAC 7H) for development
within the estuarine system. Generally, only those uses which are water -dependent will
be permitted in coastal wetlands, estuarine waters, and public trust areas. Examples of
permitted water -dependent uses include utility easements, docks, boat ramps,
dredging, bridges and bridge approaches, revetments, culverts, groins, navigational
aids, mooring pilings, navigational channels, simple access channels, and drainage
ditches. _
Policy 3: Elizabeth City believes that the statutory AEC which occur within its
jurisdiction, i.e., Coastal Wetlands, Estuarine Waters, Estuarine Shorelines and Public
Trust Waters should be protected from undue encroachment in order to preserve their
natural and important ecological functions.
Policy 4: Only those uses which require water access and cannot function elsewhere
will be permitted in coastal wetlands consistent with CAMA 7H Use Standards and the
City's UDO__..._.... -- ----
Policy 5: Restrict development in estuarine waters and public trust waters to those uses
that will not cause significant degradation of the natural function nor condition of the
estuarine waters and public trust areas.
Policy 6: The City believes that any development permitted must conform to State,
Local and Federal environmental regulations and not cause a degradation or irreversible
damage to the sensitive estuarine system.
Policy 7: Elizabeth City, with an extensive shoreline along the Pasquotank River,
believes that all Public Trust Waters should be open to public navigation. _
Policy 8: Elizabeth City believes that wooded swamplands within its jurisdiction are also
an important natural resource that should be protected from encroachment by
development. —
Policy 9: Elizabeth City recognizes the need to protect its existing well fields from
potentially adverse development encroachment and to coordinate land development
activities on properties adjacent to the well fields which are within Pasquotank County.
Policy 10: Elizabeth City recognizes the importance of protecting its potable water
supplies and therefore, in addition to other policies contained in this section, supports the
enforcement of these regulations.
Policy 11: Support the development of marinas, in compliance with existing
environmental regulations.
Policy 12: Elizabeth City recognizes the need and use of marinas as both an important
recreation support resource, and as an economic development resource. At the same
time, as discussed above, the City does not wish to see unnecessary degradation of its
waters.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 138 of 270
Section IV. Plan for the Future

k
C
L
k
F. Elizabeth City Areas of Environment Concern Policies
Policy 13: To improve water quality associated with marinas, encourage the
development of upland marinas over marinas located in open waters. An upland location
assists in preserving the visual aspect of the shoreline and does not expend available
public trust waters. All marinas, regardless of location, must comply with applicable local,
_state, and federal regulations.
Policy 14: Floating homes, or any long-term occupancy, is not a desirable use of any
future marinas in Elizabeth City. Even for temporary occupancy, the City will require strict
adherence to Health Department regulations for pump -out facilities and proper trash
disposal.
Policy 15: Support the development of drystacking facilities, provided they can be
located in compliance with existing state, federal, and local regulations.
Policy 16: Encourage the retention, or creation, of vegetated buffer -areas along
estuarine shorelines as a means of preventing pollutants and sedimentation from
entering the estuarine waters. The City supports CAMA standards for all coastal
shorelines, whether estuarine or otherwise.
Policy 17: Wetlands play a critical role in absorbing floodwaters, filtering pollutants
and sedimentation from storm run-off in addition to recharging the ground water. The
City strives to conserve all wetlands, including freshwater forested/shrub wetlands and
freshwater
Policy 18: The City supports continued enforcement of the CAMA and non -coastal or
'404' Wetlands development permit processes and the efforts of the Corp of Engineers
in protecting wetlands through the Section '404' permit program of the Clean Water Act.
G. Elizabeth City Areas of Local Concern Policies
Policy 1: Continue to work with Pasquotank County to resolve conflicts of land use
controls along the City's borders and areas adjacent to the borders and within the ETJ
including the Halstead Boulevard Corridor. This will ensure more orderly and uniform
land development and facilitate the efficient and economical extension of urban services.
Policy 2: Continue to seek elimination of blighting influences throughout the City, such
as outdoor junk, trash, abandoned automobiles, cluttered vacant lots, and abandoned
and derelict properties.
Policy 3: Elizabeth City is very concerned about its economic future and the impact of
economic development on all of its citizens. As a matter of policy, the City will pursue a
balanced approach, seeking to diversify its economic base by seeking to increase
opportunities in the areas of industrial/manufacturing; commercial/retail development; and
tourism. In the recruitment of industrial/manufacturing activities, the City will work jointly
_with Pasquotank County.
Policy 4: The City wants to both enhance and capitalize on its potential as a regional
commercial/retail center.
Policy 5: The City's economic development efforts will continue to include a balanced
emphasis on downtown revitalization (including rehabilitation/reuse of vacant, usable
buildings), waterfront development, and development in areas away from the downtown.
To implement the Waterfront Master Plan the City will consider an overlay zone with
design guidelines for the downtown waterfront; review the UDO for any necessary
zoning changes to facilitate the plan; or implement conditional zoning regulations (see
_Section 3.3.1, E. for a summary of the Waterfront Master Plan recommendations _
Policy 6: Continue to support the airport and related improvements (consistent with its
airport -land use compatibility regulations) in recognition of the airport's potential
importance to the City's economic future.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 139 of 270
' Section IV: Plan for the Future

.__._._._.__.:_....__G..._.Elizabeth City Areas of Local Concern Policies __._..__......m._..-..........._._._. .
Policy 7: The City recognizes the importance of workforce development, i.e., job
training, to Economic Development. The City believes that a cooperative relationship
should be established between the Industrial Development Commission, the College of
the Albemarle and Elizabeth City State University, in helping to develop a trained
workforce.
Policy 8: Continue to work cooperatively with the Albemarle Economic Development
_Commission and the City Chamber of Commerce to attract new industries to the area.
Policy 9: The City continues to support the implementation of the recommendations in
the Comprehensive Parks & Recreation Master Plan including upgrading and
development of new and existing facilities; land acquisition for neighborhood and
community parks; plan for additional personnel as facilities and programs increase; and
seek alternative funding techniques.
_.......__..__.—............ __... -_.—
Policy 10: Continue discussions with Pasquotank, Camden, and Currituck counties, in
order to explore the feasibility of developing a Regional Park facility_--_—
.—..._....---.._._ . —_. _ _ . - ._..__
Policy 11: The City remains committed to the development of an open space-greenway
system which connects Knobbs Creek, Charles Creek, and the Pasquotank River and
scenic canoe trails, as have been proposed in several previous studies.
Policy 12: The City of Elizabeth City is committed to helping ensure a variety of housing
types affordable to a broad range of income levels, but especially to low- and moderate -
income persons.
Policy 13: Support enhanced opportunities for home -ownership for lower -income
residents.
Policy 14: Continue to support activities and programs, which focus on recycling or
otherwise maintaining the existing usable housing stock, especially historically significant
structures.
Policy 15: Elizabeth City is committed to the preservation of its many invaluable historic
and cultural resources. The City will continue to support preservation programs and
activities of the Historic District Commission.
Policy 16: The City will generally coordinate all new major land disturbing construction
with the State Division of Archives and History, in order to help protect potential
archaeological resources.
Policy 17: Continue to use the local news media to inform the citizens of the various
opportunities for input into land use planning_and related policy matters__ --
Policy 18: The City Planning Staff will continue to be available for public meetings,
presentations, civic groups, etc., to discuss and/or help explain the City's urban planning
Policy 19: Continue to appoint special citizens' advisory committees for issues of
special concern.
Policy 20: Elizabeth City is committed to supporting on -going community revitalization
efforts to redevelop areas suitable for redevelopment, consistent with existing land use
controls and other current development regulations, such as zoning, subdivision
regulations, and flood damage protection.
Policy 21: Continue to support federal and state programs which provide benefits and
services to the City and its citizens.
Policy 22: Support the development and expansion of travel and tourism facilities as
part of its move toward economic diversification. However, all such facilities must be
consistent with policies on protecting and managing its resources.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 140 of 270
Section IV. • Plan for the Future

0
4.2.3 Analysis of the Impact of Policies on Management Topics
The following table summarizes the general impact of the Pasquotank County and
Elizabeth City land use and development policies on the Coastal Resource Commission
(CRC) land use plan management topics.
CRC Land Use Plan Management Topics _
Public
Infrastructure
Natural
Local
Water
Land Use
Carrying
Hazard
Water
Areas of
Policies
Access
Compatibility
Capacity
Areas
Quality
Concern
Public Water
Positive
Positive
Access
_......... .... _.... _........ .........
Land Use
__.____._
Positive
Positive
Positive
Positive
Positive
Compatibility —
Infrastructure
Positive
Positive
Positive
Positive
Positive
Carrying
Capacity _
Natural
Positive
Positive
Positive
Positive
Positive
Hazard Areas
_............................ .._._._..._....---
Water Qualify
--- _.._...-
Positive
Positive
Positive
Areas of
Positive
Positive
Positive
Positive
Positive
Environmental
Concern
Areas of Local
Positive
Positive
Positive
Concern
Note: Blank space in table indicates neutral impact. All local policies have been determined to have either a
positive or neutral impact on CRC management topics. No specific actions or programs are required to
mitigate negative impacts.
A more detailed analysis of the impact of the City and County policies on the CRC land
use plan management topics is provided below and in Appendix L.
A. Public Water Access Policies
Elizabeth City and Pasquotank County support the provision of access to public trust
waters to all segments of the community. A variety of public water access points
currently exist within both the Elizabeth City and Pasquotank County planning
jurisdictions (see Appendix J). A Waterfront Master Plan, developed for Elizabeth City in
June 2001, encourages pedestrian access to and utility of the downtown waterfront. The
City's policies support the implementation of the Waterfront Master Plan.
City and County policies support coordinating public water access within waterfront
developments as they are reviewed for approval. Policies encourage the development
of a comprehensive waterfront access plan to evaluate needs, opportunities, and
implementation strategies in both jurisdictions.
The local policies encourage the provision of public water access and the continued
assessment of its water access needs and opportunities for improving public water
access. The local policies have a positive impact on the CRC public water access goals
and objectives.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 141 of 270
' Section IV. • Plan for the Future

B. Land Use Compatibility Policies
Overall, the City and County existing building intensities and densities are consistent
with infrastructure availability and land suitability. Generally, the most intense
development is located in areas with adequate water and sewer facilities and other
support infrastructure and outside of sensitive natural environments.
The local policies provide for a balance of growth and the preservation of fragile
environments. Development with acceptable impacts on natural resources and which is
in harmony with the existing character of the area being developed is encouraged. Local
policies concerning Areas of Environmental Concern support state and federal law
regarding development with AEC. Development is encouraged in those portions of the
planning jurisdictions that possess the support infrastructure necessary to sustain that
growth. County policies discourage the conversion of active, productive farm and forest
land to urban uses. Local policies support the implementation of water and wastewater
systems improvements.
The local policies have a positive impact on the CRC land use compatibility goals and
objectives.
C. Infrastructure Carrying Capacity Policies
Elizabeth City and Pasquotank County support managing and directing development in
balance with the availability of municipal services. The most intensive land uses and
highest residential densities are guided to those portions of the planning jurisdictions that
possess the support infrastructure necessary to sustain that level of development.
Local policies support the implementation of water and wastewater systems
improvements which will vastly improve each jurisdiction's ability to provide effective and
reliable water and wastewater systems. The local policies ensure that public
infrastructure is located and managed in harmony with fragile environments and natural
resource areas.
The City and County policies have a positive impact on the CRC infrastructure carrying
capacity goals and objectives.
D. Natural Hazard Areas Policies
Local policies encourage the conservation of natural resources and fragile environments
that provide protection from natural hazards. Local policies encourage the development
of compatible location, density, and intensity criteria for new development, existing
development, and redevelopment within flood hazard and storm surge areas. Flood
damage prevention policies encourage compatible development and redevelopment
within flood hazard areas. City and County policies ensure that evacuation plans and
needs are addressed as new land development proposals are reviewed for approval.
The local policies have a positive impact on the CRC natural hazard areas goals and
objectives.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 142 of 270
Section IV. Plan for the Future

' E. Water Quality Policies
The local policies support the maintenance, protection, and enhancement of water
' quality. The City and County policies support land development that has minimal
adverse impacts on water quality. Best Management Practices (BMP) are encouraged
to minimize storm water impacts. Preservation of remaining portions of the Dismal
' Swamp is encouraged by County policies to protect aquifer recharge and wildlife habitat.
Local policies support the implementation of water and wastewater system
improvements which will vastly enhance each jurisdiction's ability to provide effective
' and reliable water and wastewater treatment systems. The Elizabeth City and
Pasquotank County policies also support the development of a joint Master Drainage
Plan. City policies support the implementation and enforcement of its Storm water
' Management Ordinance.
The City and County policies have a positive impact on the CRC water quality goals and
' objectives.
F. Local Areas of Concern Policies
Elizabeth City and Pasquotank County policies regarding local areas of concern support
and have a positive impact on the CRC public water access, land use compatibility,
infrastructure carrying capacity, and natural hazard areas goals and objectives. The
' local policies encourage increased recreational opportunities, development compatible
with natural resources, and preservation of historic structures and sites. Local policies
also promote tourism -related economic development.
' 4.2.4 Statement of Local Support Regarding Areas of Environmental Concern (AEC)
Pasquotank County and Elizabeth City support state and federal law regarding land use
' and development in Areas of Environmental Concern (AEC). Specific policy statements
have been developed that support the general use standards of the North Carolina
Administrative Code (15 NCAC 7H) for development within the estuarine system (see
I
Section 4.2). No policy statements have been developed which exceed the
requirements of state and federal regarding land use and development within AECS.
' 4.2.5 Conflicts/Commonality of City and County Policies
There are no direct conflicts between the County and City policies. Policies of both
communities address many common land use and development issues. Several policies
' strive to promote joint coordination and cooperation including policies:
To develop coordinated development standards for properties along the Halstead
' Boulevard Connector.
• To coordinate the establishment of water and sewer utility service area
boundaries.
' • To develop a joint Master Drainage Plan.
I
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 143 of 270
' SectionIV. Plan for the Future

4.3 Future Land Use Map
The purpose of the Future Land Use Map is to graphically depict the County's and City's
policies for growth and land development and the projected patterns of future land use. The
Future Land Use Map has been prepared with consideration given to land development
objectives and policies, natural constraints and limitations, overall land suitability, and the ability
to provide the infrastructure to support growth and development. The major elements of the
Pasquotank County— Elizabeth City future land use maps include the following:
• Guides the most intensive development to areas with supporting infrastructure
• Anticipates growth along the fringe of Elizabeth City
• Accommodates a variety of residential densities
• Promotes the majority of the commercial development along the business route
of US Hwy 17 and the Halstead Boulevard Extension
• Promotes industrial growth in the County along the US Hwy 17 Bypass
• Discourages growth in areas with natural constraints and low suitability ratings
• Conserves fragile environments
Tables 48 and 49, the Future Land Use Plan Compatibility Matrixes, summarizes the general
relationship between Future Land Use classifications and existing Zoning Ordinance and Unified
Development Ordinance requirements.
4.3.1 Pasquotank County Future Land Use Map
The Future Land Use Map for the County's planning jurisdiction encompasses all of
Pasquotank County outside of the Elizabeth City corporate limits and extraterritorial
planning jurisdiction. The Pasquotank County Future Land Use Map (see Figure 9A)
classifications include the following categories and subcategories:
• Agricultural
• Conservation/Open Space
• Residential
o Rural Agricultural
o Low Density Residential
o Medium/High Density Residential
o Mixed Residential
• Commercial
• Mixed Use
• Industrial
• Public and Institutional
Generally, growth and development is expected to occur in the areas classified as
Residential, Public and Institutional, Commercial, Mixed Use, and Industrial. Areas
classified as Agriculture and Conservation/Open Space are not projected to
accommodate significant growth and development. The type and intensity of projected
development varies within each Future Land Use Map classification. The Future Land
Use Map classifications are considered part of the Land Use Plan's policy.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 144 of 270
Section IV.- Plan for the Future

' A. Agricultural Classification
Areas classified as Agricultural are primarily located in the northwestern and western
' portions of Pasquotank County, largely within the southern and western sections of
the Newland Township. Agricultural classified land is estimated to encompass
approximately 41 square miles (26,250 acres) or about 20% of the total County land
'
area.
The Agriculture classification is intended to delineate lands primarily devoted to
active agricultural and forestry land uses. However, this classification may also
'
include some low intensity public and institutional land uses that support rural land
uses. Manufacturing and high intensity commercial uses are generally incompatible
in the Agriculture classification. Long-term, the Agricultural classified areas are not
'
projected to develop into residential uses. The intensity of support nonresidential
uses, such as agribusinesses, in the Agricultural classified areas is projected to
average approximately one establishment per 257 acres.
'
Land uses within Agricultural -designated areas are generally compatible with the A-2
Agricultural zoning classification. Minimum lot sizes are ten acres. Lot coverage is
restricted to 30% of the gross lot area and building heights are limited to 35 feet.
'
Public water or sewer service is not needed to support the low intensity type of land
development that is expected in these areas. Extensions of public water and sewer
'
utilities into these areas is neither planned nor encouraged.
The County's goals and policies support the continued use of land in Agricultural
'
classified areas for active agricultural and forestry purposes and discourage
traditional urban growth and development in such areas. Over time, Agricultural
areas are not expected to evolve into more intensively used areas.
'
B. Conservation/Open Space Classification
The majority of the areas classified as Conservation/Open Space are located in the
'
northern portion of Pasquotank County along the Pasquotank River and in the
northwestern corner at the Dismal Swamp National Wildlife Refuge.
Conservation/Open Space classified land is estimated to encompass approximately
'
12 square miles (7,564 acres) or about 6% of the total County land area.
The Conservation/Open Space classification is intended to delineate areas where
traditional land uses are not desirable or expected to develop. Extensions of water
and sewer utilities into these areas are not expected or encouraged.
'
The County's goals and policies support the continued use of land in
Conservation/Open Space classified areas for appropriate uses that are compatible
with the fragile nature of the Conservation/Open Space areas. Traditional urban
growth and development in such areas is discouraged. Conservation/Open Space
t
areas are expected to retain their existing character over time. Residential units are
not projected to develop within the Conservation/Open Space Classification. Public
and Institutional Uses such as golf courses and passive recreation would be
'
appropriate in this classification as long as environmentally sensitive areas are not
negatively impacted.
Pasquotank County I Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 145 of 270
' SectionIV. Plan for the Future

C. Residential Classifications
The residential classification is subdivided into four subcategories: Rural Agriculture,
Low Density Residential, Medium/High Density Residential, and Mixed Residential.
Rural Agricultural Classification. The Rural Agricultural classification constitutes
the majority of land area within the County's planning jurisdiction. Approximately 110
square miles (70,230 acres) or about 54% of the total County land area is classified
as Rural Agricultural. The majority of the southern and southwestern portions of the
County, including the Salem and Nixonton Townships, and the north central section
of the Newland Township are classified as Rural Agricultural.
The Rural Agricultural classification is intended to delineate lands where the
predominant land use is scattered, very low density residences dispersed among
farm land and open spaces. Small scale commercial uses that primarily provide
goods and services to residents of the surrounding area and agricultural related
industrial uses may be permitted at an intensity of no more than 1 unit per acre. The
residential density within this classification is generally 1 dwelling unit or less per
acre. Long-term, the Rural Agricultural —classified areas are projected to develop at
average densities of approximately one dwelling unit per ten acres based on current
development trends and density patterns. The intensity of support nonresidential
uses, such as agribusinesses, in the Rural Agricultural classified areas is projected
to average approximately one establishment per 257 acres.
Land uses within Rural Agricultural -designated areas are generally compatible with
the A-1 Agricultural zoning classifications. Minimum lot sizes are 43,000 square feet
unless a larger minimum lot area is required by the health department for land uses
utilizing septic systems. Lot coverage is restricted to 30% of the gross lot area and
building heights are limited to 35 feet. Scattered single-family detached residences
and manufactured homes on individual lots are the predominant types of dwellings
within these areas. Some small, existing residential subdivisions and mobile home
parks may also be located within the areas classified as Rural Agricultural. Public
water service is available in the majority of the Rural Agricultural classified areas and
is needed to support new residential subdivisions.
The County's goals and policies support the continued use of land in Rural
Agricultural classified areas for scattered, very low density residential development
and agricultural and forestry purposes. Manufacturing and high intensity commercial
uses are generally incompatible in the Agriculture classification. Land conservation
is encouraged in these areas. In the long-term, as the County's population increases
and the demand for housing rises, it is anticipated that the character of some Rural
Agricultural classified areas may evolve into low density residential areas. In the
short-term, waterfront properties where public water service is available are
considered prime areas for low density residential development.
Low Density Residential Classification. The Low Density Residential
classification encompasses approximately 9 square miles (5,575 acres) or about 4%
of the total County land area. The majority of the lands classified as Low Density
Residential are located on the fringe of the Elizabeth City urbanized area, particularly
northwest and southwest of the City's planning jurisdiction. Scattered clusters of
Low Density Residential classified lands are located in the Providence Township in
the area generally bounded by the US 17 Bypass, North Road Street (US 17
Pasquotank County I Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 146 of 270
Section IV: Plan for the Future

Business North), the Elizabeth City ETJ, and the Halstead Boulevard Connector.
Concentrations of Low Density Residential properties are also located on the north
' side of North Road Street.
The Low Density Residential classification is intended to delineate lands where the
predominant land use is low density residences, particularly properties with
waterfront access and areas where public water service is readily available. Long-
term, the Low Density Residential —classified areas are projected to develop at
average densities of approximately one dwelling unit acre.
' Land uses within Low Density Residential designated areas are generally compatible
with the A-1 Agricultural; R-35A and RMH-35, Residential; and R-25A and RMH-25,
' Residential zoning classifications. Minimum lot sizes are 43,000 square feet unless
a larger minimum lot area is required by the health department for land uses utilizing
septic systems. Lot coverage is restricted to 30% of the gross lot area and building
' heights are limited to 35 feet. Single-family detached residences and manufactured
homes on individual lots are the predominant types of dwellings within these areas.
Public water service is widely available throughout the Low Density Residential
classified areas and is generally required to support the residential densities in this
classification.
The County's goals and policies support the continued use of land in Low Density
classified areas for low density dwellings and for public and institutional land uses
that support and that are compatible with this type of residential development.
Manufacturing and high intensity commercial uses are generally incompatible with
this classification. Future development is projected to be no more than one unit per
acre. Low Density Residential areas are anticipated to retain their low density
character over time and not evolve into higher density areas.
' Medium/High Density Residential Classification. The Medium/High Density
Residential classification encompasses approximately 0.15 square miles (94 acres)
' or about 0.08% of the total County land area. The majority of the properties
classified as Medium/High Density Residential are located on the periphery of the
Elizabeth City urban area. The only areas designated as this classification are
located north of Knobbs Creek on the west side of Road Street.
The Medium/High Density Residential classification is intended to delineate lands
where the predominant land use is higher density single-family residential
developments and/or multifamily developments. Long-term, the Medium/High
Density Residential classified areas are projected to develop at average densities of
approximately four dwelling units per acre.. The projected density for this area
reflects a mix of single-family and multifamily residential land uses.
Land uses within Medium/High Density Residential designated areas are generally
' compatible with the R-15, R-15A, and R-25A, Residential zoning classifications and
the M-F, Multi -family zoning classification. Minimum lot sizes are 43,000 square feet
unless a larger minimum lot area is required by the health department for land uses
' utilizing septic systems and 15,000 for single-family uses using a central sewer
system. Lot coverage is restricted to 40% of the gross lot area and building heights
are limited to 40 feet. Multifamily densities are consistent with the current
' requirements of the County's multifamily dwellings ordinance which allows a density
Pasquotank County / Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 147 of 270
Section IV: Plan for the Future

range of 8-12 dwellings per acre. Manufacturing and high intensity commercial uses
are generally incompatible with this classification. Public water and sewer service is
required to support the densities in this classification. Roads with the capacity to
accommodate higher traffic volumes are also necessary to support Medium/High
Density Residential development.
The County's goals and policies support the use of land in Medium/High Density
classified areas for single-family and multifamily dwellings where adequate public
utilities and roads are available or can be upgraded to support the higher residential
densities encouraged in this classification. The higher residential densities are
encouraged within the Medium/High Density classified areas. Manufacturing and
high intensity commercial uses are generally incompatible with this classification.
Mixed Residential Classification. The Mixed Residential classification
encompasses approximately 13 square miles (8,333 acres) or about 6% of the total
County land area. The properties classified as Mixed Residential are situated
northwest of the Elizabeth City urban area between the Halstead Boulevard
Connector, US 17 Bypass, Elizabeth City ETJ, US 17 North and the conservation
area along the Pasquotank River.
The Mixed Residential classification is intended to delineate lands where there is a
variety of residential densities and building types within the same development.
Traditional residential development with consistent densities and similar building
types are encouraged in this classification as well. Long-term, the Mixed
Residential —classified areas are projected to develop at average densities of
approximately two units per acre. This projection is based upon the assumption that
the area will develop primarily as single-family residential with some limited multi-
family residential developments scattered within the area.
Land uses within Mixed Residential designated areas are generally compatible with
the R-15, R-15A, R-25A, and R-35A, Residential and the MF, Multi -family zoning
classification. Minimum lot sizes are 43,000 square feet unless a larger minimum lot
area is required by the health department for land uses utilizing septic systems and
15,000 for single-family uses using a central sewer system. Lot coverage is restricted
to 40% of the gross lot area and building heights are limited to 40 feet. Building
types encouraged within this classification include single-family detached and
attached dwellings, and duplexes. Public water and sewer service is required to
support the higher densities in this classification. Roads with the capacity to
accommodate higher traffic volumes are also necessary to support Mixed Residential
development. Design features to ensure the compatibility of mixed density
developments with neighboring traditional residential developments may be
necessary.
Residential growth is encouraged in the Mixed Residential classified areas. These
areas are expected to accommodate the majority of the future residential growth
projected for the planning period. Due to the large amount of acreage within the
Mixed Residential areas, these areas are also anticipated to meet longer -term
residential growth needs as well.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 148 of 270
Section IV: Plan for the Future

Figure 9A : Future Land Use
PASQUOTANK COUNTY, NC
Legend
-- Proposed Thoroughfares
Major Roads
USDA Hydrological Units
L_ Elizabeth City Corporate Limits
_ Elizabeth City Planning Jurisdiction
t ial
Residentia
Future Land Use
conservation
�'- j Agnalture
L
1
6
Miles
ier 5, 2011
Alloemafle Sound
The preparation of this map was financed in part through a grant provided by the North
Carolina Coastal Management Program, through funds provided by the CoastalZone
Management Act of 1972, as amended, which is administered by the Office of Ocean and
Coastal Resource Management, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.

IFigure 9A: Pasquotank County Future Land Use Map
k
I
r
Pasgt,otank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 149 of 270
' SectionIV. Plan for the Future

Table 48 Pasquotank County Future Land Use Plan Compatibility Matrix
Consistency Review of Future Land Use Map Designations and Existing Zoning Districts
Zoning
A-1
A-2
R-35
R-25
R-15
RMH-
RMH-
MIT
C-1
O&I
I-1
I-2
Rl
District
R-35A
R-25A
R-15A
35
25
Minimum
10
Lot Size
43,000
acres
35,000
25,000
15,000
35,000
25,000
25,000
15,000
15,000
25,000
25,000
25,000
(Sq. Ft)
Minimum
140'
140'
125'
125'
125'
125'
125'
125'
100,
100,
125'
125'
125'
Lot Width
Maximum
Lot
30%
30%
30%
30%
40%
30%
30%
40%
50%
40%
40%
40%
40%
Coverage
Maximum
Building
35'
35'
35'
35'
40'
35'
35'
40'
40'
40'
56'
56'
56'
Height
(Ft/Stories)
Land Use
Intensity
Designation
(U/Acre)
Agricultural
1/20
V
Conservation
Q
Q
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
Open Space
Rural
Iorless/ 1
Agricultural
Low Density
1/1
Q
--
Q
Q
VQ
Q
--
--
--
--
--
X
Residential
Medium/High
Density
4/1
X
X
--
Q
Q
--
--
Q
--
--
--
--
X
Residential
Mixed
2/1
X
X
Q
Q
Q
--
--
Q
--
--
--
--
X
Residential
Commercial
1/2
Mixed Use
1/1-12/1
- -
- -
Q
Q
Q
_ _
_ _
Q
Q
Q
X
X
Public&
I/10
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
Q
--
--
Q
Institutional
Industrial
1/20
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
Q
Q
--
it Generally Consistent
Inconsistent
VConditionally Consistent -
- Not Applicable
Pasquotank County / Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 150 of 270
Section IV. • Plan for the Future

' Note: Zoning requirements and standards delineated in this table are current as of January 1,
2006 and are subject to amendment by the Pasquotank County Board of County
Commissioners. This matrix illustrates general compatibility between Future Land Use Map
' classifications and current zoning regulations and is not intended for regulatory or permitting
purposes. A use consistent with any future amendment to the cited zoning regulations
delineated in this table will not, pursuant to North Carolina General Statute § 153A-341, be
necessarily considered by the Pasquotank County Board of Commissioners as being
' inconsistent with this Land Use Plan as adopted. Consistency of a proposed use or proposed
development plan with zoning regulations and this Land Use Plan can only be determined after
a thorough evaluation of the specifics of the proposal, including submission of any required
' permit application and site or plot plan, and a complete review of all applicable zoning
regulations.
' This chart shows which zoning classification(s) are compatible with each Future Land Use Map
classification. Zoning classifications are 'Generally Consistent' with the FLUM categories when
the range of uses or intensity of development allowed within the zoning classification are similar
' to those generally anticipated in the FLUM category. Zoning classifications are `Conditionally
Consistent' with the FLUM categories when the use or intensity of development permitted in the
zoning classification would, under prescribed conditions and safeguards, be compatible with the
' uses anticipated in the FLUM category. Zoning classifications are 'Inconsistent' with the FLUM
categories when the use or intensity of development permitted in the zoning classification would
not be compatible with the uses or intensity of development anticipated in the FLUM category.
' Overall, the existing zoning district regulations are compatible with the FLUM categories. No
zoning text or map amendments are anticipated to further ensure compatibility.
Pasquotank County I Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 151 of 270
' Section IV.- Plan for the Future

The County's goals and policies support the use of land in Mixed Residential
classified areas for a diversity of residential building types and densities where
adequate public utilities and roads are available or can be upgraded to support the
higher residential densities encouraged in this classification. Public and institutional
land uses that support and that are compatible with this type of residential
development are also encouraged. Manufacturing and industrial uses are not
considered compatible with the Mixed Residential Classification.
D. Commercial Classification
The Commercial classification encompasses approximately 4 square miles (2,608
acres) or about 2% of the total County land area. The properties classified as
Commercial are located primarily along major road corridors including US 17
Business and US 158. The US 17 Business South corridor from the intersection of
the US 17 Bypass northward to the Elizabeth City ETJ, the intersection area of the
Halstead Boulevard Connector at the US 17 Bypass, and the intersection area of US
158 at US 17 North are the three largest concentrations of Commercial classified
properties. Additional Commercial areas are located along North Road Street from
the Elizabeth City ETJ to Northside Road and along US 17 North in the vicinity of
Commerce Park.
The Commercial classification is intended to delineate lands that can accommodate
a wide range of retail, wholesale, office, business services, and personal services.
Areas classified as Commercial may also include some heavy commercial uses, light
manufacturing and warehousing uses as well as intensive public and institutional
land uses. Generally, the density of commercial development is projected to
average one commercial establishment per two acres.
Land uses within Commercial -designated areas are generally compatible with the C-
1, Commercial and the O & I, Office and Institutional zoning districts. Minimum lot
sizes typically range from 15,000 square feet for uses on central sewer systems to
43,000 square feet for uses on septic systems unless a larger minimum lot area is
required by the health department. Lot coverage is restricted to 50% of the gross lot
area and building heights are limited to 40 feet. The allowable development intensity
of permissible uses will be in accordance with the zoning requirements of the zoning
district in which located. Public water service is needed to support the land uses
characteristic of this classification. Public sewer service or an approved private
wastewater treatment system is needed to support the most intensive commercial
uses. Roads with the capacity to accommodate higher traffic volumes are necessary
to support commercial development.
Commercial classified areas are anticipated to accommodate some of the most
intensive land uses found in the County's planning jurisdiction. The County's goals
and policies support the use of land in Commercial classified areas for a wide variety
of retail and commercial services uses where adequate public utilities and roads are
available or can be upgraded to support the intensity of development encouraged in
this classification. Public and institutional land uses that support and that are
compatible with this type of commercial development are also encouraged. Heavy
manufacturing uses are not compatible with the Commercial Classification.
Pasquotank County I Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 152 of 270
SectionIV: Plan for the Future

E. Mixed Use Classification
The Mixed Use classification encompasses approximately .5 square mile (1,349
acres) or about 1 % of the total County land area. The properties classified as Mixed
Use are located parallel to the southwest side of US 17 North generally from the US
17 Bypass to US 158.
The Mixed Use classification is intended to delineate lands, in areas where there is
no established urban land use pattern, that can accommodate traditional residential,
general commercial, and support institutional land uses or a mixture of these land
uses in a single development. The residential density within this classification
ranges from low (1 dwelling per acre) to high density. Multifamily densities are
consistent with the current requirements of the County's multifamily dwellings
ordinance which allows a density range of 8-12 dwellings per acre. Overall, the
density of residential development is projected to average four dwelling units per
acre based on current development trends and density patterns. Residential building
types encouraged within this classification include single-family detached and
attached dwellings, duplexes, and multifamily dwellings. Commercial uses include a
variety of retail, wholesale, office, business services, and personal services.
Generally, the density of commercial development is projected to average one
commercial establishment per acre. Manufacturing and industrial uses are not
considered compatible with the Mixed Use Classification.
Land uses within the Mixed Use -designated areas are generally compatible with the
C-1, Commercial; O& I, Office and Institutional; R-15, R-15A, R-25A, R-35A,
Residential; and the M-F, Multi -family zoning classifications. Minimum lot sizes are
generally dependent upon the specific nature and characteristics of the land use but
typically range from 15,000 to 43,000 square feet. Lot coverage is restricted to 40%
of the gross lot area and building heights are limited to 40 feet. The allowable
' development intensity of permissible uses will be in accordance with the zoning
requirements of the zoning district in which located. Public water and sewer service
(or an approved private wastewater treatment system for commercial and industrial
components) is needed to support the land uses characteristic of this classification.
Roads with the capacity to accommodate higher traffic volume are necessary to
support the intensity of development expected within the Mixed Use Classification.
' Mixed Use classified areas designate properties that are suitable for multiple land
uses. The areas identified as Mixed Use are potential growth areas that may
develop primarily as one use type or may evolve into multi -use areas. The County's
goals and policies support the use of land in Mixed Use classified areas for a range
of uses where adequate public utilities and roads are available or can be upgraded to
support the intensity of development encouraged in this classification. Public and
iinstitutional land uses that support and that are compatible with this type of mixed
development are also encouraged.
' When parcels in the Mixed Use classified area of Halstead Boulevard are annexed
into the City of Elizabeth City, development of these areas should be primarily a mix
of single-family and multi -family uses intermixed with limited office and commercial
development. Development of sites for commercial use only is discouraged.
While the Mixed Use areas are expected to accommodate future growth and
development, they may or may not actually be developed during the planning period.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 153 of 270
Section IV: Plan for the Future

Critical factors that will determine the development potential of these areas include
market demand and the provision of the necessary support infrastructure (particularly
public water and sewer utilities). Consequently, the development potential of the
majority of the lands within the Mixed Use areas may be more long-term than short-
term.
In order to permit the type of mixed use development envisioned in this classification,
Pasquotank County will also have to prepare amendments to its existing zoning
ordinance and subdivision ordinance to establish specific conditions and standards
for such development.
F. Industrial Classification
The Industrial classification encompasses approximately 10.1 square miles (6,508
acres) or about 5% of the total County land area. The properties classified as
Industrial are concentrated along the west side of the US 17 Bypass (including
approximately 5,200 acres in the Tanglewood Mega Site) and in the Commerce Park
area in the southeast quadrant of the US 17 Bypass and US 17 North intersection.
Additional scattered Industrial areas are located along the north side of the US 17
North corridor and at Landfill Road, Pitts Chapel Road, and the north side of New
Begun Creek.
The Industrial classification is intended to delineate lands that can accommodate
industrial and manufacturing establishments. Some heavy commercial uses as well
as services and businesses which support industrial land uses are also appropriate
land uses within the Industrial classification. Generally, the intensity of industrial
development is projected to average one industrial establishment per twenty acres.
Residential development is considered incompatible with the Industrial Classification.
Land uses within the Industrial -designated areas are generally compatible with the I-
1 and 1-2, Industrial zoning districts. The minimum lot size typically is 43,000 square
feet unless a larger minimum lot area is required by the health department for land
uses utilizing septic systems and 25,000 square feet for uses using central sewer
systems. Lot coverage is restricted to 40% of the gross lot area and building heights
are limited to 56 feet. The allowable development intensity of permissible uses will
be in accordance with the zoning requirements of the zoning district in which located.
Public water and public sewer service or an approved private wastewater treatment
system is needed to support the land uses characteristic of this classification. Roads
with the capacity to accommodate higher traffic volumes are necessary to support
the intensity of development expected within the Industrial Classification.
The Industrial areas are expected to accommodate the majority of the future
industrial growth projected for the planning period. Due to the large amount of
acreage within the Industrial areas, these areas are also anticipated to meet longer -
term industrial growth needs as well. Critical factors that will determine the
development potential of these Industrial areas include market demand and the
provision of the necessary support infrastructure (particularly public water and sewer
utilities). Consequently, the development potential of the majority of the lands within
the Industrial areas may be more long-term than short-term.
Pasquotank County I Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 154 of 270
Section IV: Plan for the Future

k
The County's goals and policies support the use of land in Industrial classified areas
for a wide variety of manufacturing and heavy commercial services uses where
adequate public utilities and roads are available or can be upgraded to support the
intensity of development encouraged in this classification. Public and institutional
land uses as well as commercial uses that support and that are compatible with this
type of industrial development are also encouraged. Industrial classified areas may
include certain land uses which, due to their nature and characteristics, have
potential adverse impacts on surrounding land use types. Consequently, the
County's policy is to ensure the compatible location of industrial land uses and to
require the necessary measures to mitigate any adverse impacts.
G. Public and Institutional Classification
The Public and Institutional classification encompasses approximately 1.5 square
miles (1,041 acres) or about 1% of the total County land area. The properties
classified as Public and Institutional are located in two areas: at the US Coast Guard
Base and the Elizabeth City-Pasquotank County Regional Airport property located
southeast of Elizabeth City adjacent to NC Highway 34 and at the Pasquotank
County Board of Education property in the northeastern portion of the County on
Northside Road.
The Public and Institutional classification is intended to delineate large land areas
' that are used for intensive public purposes. Land uses within this classification
include primarily government buildings and facilities, public recreational facilities,
schools, and large private institutional uses. Generally, the intensity of development
is expected to average one public or institutional use per ten acres. Manufacturing
' and industrial uses are not considered compatible with the Public and Institutional
Classification.
' Land uses within the Public and Institutional -designated areas are generally
compatible with the O & I, Office and Institutional zoning district. Minimum lot sizes
are generally dependent upon the specific nature and characteristics of the land use
but typically range from 15,000 to 43,000 square feet for low intensity uses to
multiple acres for more intensive land uses. Lot coverage is restricted to 40% of the
gross lot area and building heights are limited to 40 feet. Generally, public water
' service is needed to support the land uses characteristic of this classification. Public
sewer or an approved private wastewater treatment system is needed to support the
most intensive public and institutional uses. Roads with the capacity to
' accommodate higher traffic volumes are necessary to support the intensity of
development expected within the Public and Institutional Classification.
' 4.3.2 Elizabeth City Future Land Use Map
The Future Land Use Map for the Elizabeth City planning jurisdiction encompasses the
Elizabeth City corporate limits and the City's extraterritorial planning and zoning
jurisdiction. With the approval of the County Board of Commissioners, Elizabeth City
' may exercise its planning and jurisdictional powers in an area which does not exceed
two miles past the City limits. At the present time, the ETJ extends approximately one
mile past the City Limits. The City's Future Land Use Map classifications (see Figure
' 9B) include the following categories and subcategories:
• Residential
' o Low Density Residential
Pasquotank County I Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 155 of 270
' Section IV. • Plan for the Future

o Medium/High Density Residential
• Commercial
o General Commercial
o Downtown Mixed Use
o Mixed Use
• Public and Institutional
• Industrial
• Conservation/Open Space
Generally, growth and land development is anticipated to occur in all future land use
categories except for the Conservation/Open Space classification. The type and
intensity of projected development varies within each Future Land Use Map
classification (see Table 49 Future Land Use Compatibility Matrix) . The Future Land
Use Map classifications are considered part of the Land Use Plan's policy.
A. Residential Classification
The Residential classification is subdivided into two subcategories: Low Density and
Medium/High Density.
Low Density Residential Classification. The Low Density Residential
classification encompasses approximately 4.8 square miles (3,058 acres) or about
27% of the total City planning jurisdiction. The majority of the lands classified as Low
Density Residential are located on the fringe of the core Elizabeth City area,
particularly northwest, south, and southeast of the City's center.
The Low Density Residential classification is intended to delineate lands where the
predominant land use is low density detached residences. The residential density
within this classification is generally two to four dwelling units per acre. The
maximum building height will be approximately three to four stories with a maximum
lot coverage ranging from approximately 50% to 80%. The lots sizes would typically
range from approximately 10,000 sf to 15,000 sf. Single-family detached residences
and manufactured homes on individual lots are the predominant types of dwellings
within these areas. Public water service is generally available throughout the Low
Density Residential classified areas. Land uses within the Low Density Residential
are compatible with the Residential zoning designation. Commercial and industrial
land uses are considered incompatible with this land use classification.
The City's goals and policies support the continued use of land in Low Density
classified areas for low density dwellings and for public and institutional land uses
that support and that are compatible with this type of residential development.
Generally, the non-residential density is anticipated to average one public or
institutional use per five acres. Limited light commercial use is not considered
acceptable for this classification. Future development is projected to be no more
than five dwelling units per acre As the City core expands and public utilities become
accessible, some areas adjacent to more intense land uses may transition into a
medium/high density residential land use and density over time. If public sanitary
sewer is available, cluster development is encouraged in this designation.
Pasquotank County / Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 156 of 270
Section IV: Plan for the Future

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k
Medium/High Density Residential Classification. The Medium/High Density
Residential classification encompasses approximately 3.3 square miles (2,115 acres)
or about 19% of the total City planning jurisdiction. The majority of the properties
classified as Medium/High Density Residential are located immediately surrounding
the Elizabeth City downtown area and the Elizabeth City State University area. There
is an additional area for the Medium High Residential classification located in the
north central portion of the Halstead Boulevard Extension, west of Thunder Road.
The Medium/High Density Residential classification is intended to delineate lands
where the predominant land use is higher density single-family residential
developments and/or multifamily developments. Some manufactured home parks
are also located with this classification. The residential density in this classification
should generally range from approximately four to seven single family homes per
acre with the multi -family density ranging from 12 units per acres in the general
residential district up to 25 units in the apartment district. The maximum building
height would be approximately four stories. If there are adequate setbacks, the
building height could be increased. The lot sizes would range from approximately
4,000 sf to one acre for apartment developments with an allowable lot coverage of
approximately 80%. Long-term, the Medium/High Density Residential —classified
areas are projected to develop at an average density of approximately six dwelling
units per acre. Limited neighborhood commercial use is considered acceptable for
this classification with an intensity of approximately one business per 30 acres.
Land uses within the Medium/High Density Residential designated areas are
generally compatible with the Residential and Apartment zoning districts. Cluster
development is encouraged for this land use. Incompatible land uses would include
industrial and commercial uses, with the exception of neighborhood commercial
uses. Public water and sewer service are required to support the residential
densities in this classification. Streets with the capacity to accommodate higher
traffic volumes are also necessary to support Medium/High Density Residential
development.
The City's goals and policies support the use of land in Medium/High Density
classified areas for single-family and multifamily dwellings where adequate public
utilities and streets are available or can be upgraded to support the higher residential
densities encouraged in this classification. The higher density residential
developments anticipated to occur during the planning period are encouraged within
the Medium/High Density classified areas.
B. Commercial Classification
The Commercial classification is subdivided into three subcategories: General
Commercial, Downtown Mixed Use, and Mixed Use.
General Commercial. The General Commercial classification encompasses
approximately 2.4 square miles (1,603 acres) or about 14% of the total City planning
jurisdiction. The properties classified as General Commercial are located primarily
along major road corridors including US Highway 17 Business, Hughes Boulevard,
Ehringhaus Street, and Halstead Boulevard. A cluster of General Commercial
properties is also located along the Camden Causeway (US Highway 158) on the
east side of the Pasquotank River.
Pasquotank County / Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 157 of 270
' Section IV: Plan for the Future

The General Commercial classification is intended to delineate lands that can
accommodate a wide range of retail, wholesale, office, business services, and
personal services. Areas classified as General Commercial may also include some
multi -family uses, heavy commercial uses, light manufacturing and warehousing
uses as well as intensive public and institutional land uses. Generally, the density of
commercial development is projected to average one commercial establishment per
acre with a multi -family density of approximately 12 to 30 units per acre. The
anticipated density of the more intensive land uses is expected to be three or more
uses per acre. The maximum building height would be unlimited approximately five
stories. If there are adequate setbacks, the building height could be increased. The
lot sizes would range from approximately 14,000 sf to one acre for with an allowable
lot coverage of approximately 70 % to 90%.
Land uses within the Commercial designated areas are generally compatible with the
Business and Office and Institutional zoning districts. Incompatible land uses would
be mobile home developments, low to mid density single family, and heavy industrial
uses. Public water service is needed to support the land uses characteristic of this
classification. Public sewer service is needed to support the most intensive
commercial uses. Streets with the capacity to accommodate higher traffic volumes
are necessary to support commercial development.
General Commercial classified areas are anticipated to accommodate some of the
most intensive land uses found in the City's planning jurisdiction. The City's goals
and policies support the use of land in General Commercial classified areas for a
wide variety of retail and commercial services uses where adequate public utilities
and streets are available or can be upgraded to support the intensity of development
encouraged in this classification. Public and institutional land uses that support and
that are compatible with this type of commercial development are also encouraged.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 158 of 270
SectionIV. Plan for the Future

Figure 96 : Future Land Use
ELIZABETH CITY, NC
Legend
—• Proposed Roads
— Major Roads
j -- Elizabeth City Corporate Limits
Future Land Use
FLU
Conservation
Downtown Mixed Use
_ General Commercial
Indusldal
Low Density Residential
Medium/ High Density Residential
Mixed Use
Public & Institutional
Y
'-" ,�-%-
V
The preparation of this map was financed in part through a grant provided by the North
Carolina Coastal Management Program, through funds provided by the Coastal Zone
Management Act of 1972, as amended, which is administered by the Office of Ocean a
Coastal Resource Management, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
i
a 1
Mai ,/, '
Alain Co
n f -- —i
.. _ nector >\
/
Selby
Connector
r..
0 0.150.3 0.6
Eff:� Miles Map Printed December 5, 2011

IFigure 913: Elizabeth City Future Land Use Map
Pasguotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 159 of 270
Section IV.- Plan for the Future

Table 49 Elizabeth City Future Land Use Plan Compatibility Matrix
Consistency Review of Future Land Use Map Designations and Existing Zoning Districts
Zoning District
R-6
R-8
R-10
R-15
AD
RMH
O&I
CB
NB
GB
HB
CMU
1-1
1-2
PUD
PDR
PUD
PDM
Unified
Development Ordinance Requirements
Minimum Lot Size (SF)
6,000
8,000
10,000
15,000
6,000
6,000
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
Minimum Lot Width
50'
65'
65'
90,
50'
50'
60'
0'
60'
75'
100'
100'
150'
75'
None
None
Maximum Lot Coverage
50%
None
None
None
None
None
*
*
*
*
*
50%
*
*
None
None
Maximum Building
40'**
40'**
40'**
40'**
40'**
40'**
8
Determined
by City
None
None
None
3
50'
None
Determined by
Height (Ft/Stories)
Story
Council
Story
City Council
Non -
Land Use
Residential
Residential
Future Land Use Map Classifications (See Section 4.3.2)
Designation
(UniVAc)
(UniVAc)
Conservation
1/5
--
--
--
Q
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
Open Space
Low Density
2/1 to
1/5
X
X
V
Q
X
V
V
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
X
X
Q
Residential
4/1
Mediurrfth
Density
4/1 to
1/30+
Q
Q
Q
V
Q
Q
V
--
V
--
--
--
X
X
Q
Q
Residential
25/1
General
Up to
1/1
--
--
--
--
--
Q
Q
Q
Q
Q
Q
V
X
Q
Q
Commercial
30/1
Downtown
50/1
10/1
V--
--
--
--
Q
Q
Q
Q
X
Q
X
X
Q
Q
Mixed Use
Mixed Use
Up to
1 to 3/1
Q
Q
--
Q
X
R1
--
--
Q
V
X
X
Q
Q
30/1
Public &
1/5
--
--
--
V
--
- -
Q
- -
- -
- -
- -
Institutional
I
Industrial
1/2++
1/1-1/5
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
Q
Q
--
--
100% If outside of a watershed protection overlay + Intensity ++ Non -Industrial Uses Generally Conditionally X Inconsistent
if is Q
and public water and sewer service available
Consistent Consistent
** Bldg. setbacks increase one foot for every foot in height in excess of 40' -- Not Applicable
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 160 of 270
Section IV. • Plan for the Future

M 111111M M M M M M M M M M
Note: Zoning requirements and standards delineated in this table are current as of November 13, 2008 and are subject to
amendment by the Elizabeth City Council. This matrix illustrates general compatibility between Future Land Use Map classifications
and current zoning regulations and is not intended for regulatory or permitting purposes. A use consistent with any future
amendment to the cited zoning regulations delineated in this table will not, pursuant to North Carolina General Statute § 160A-383, be
necessarily considered by the Elizabeth City Council as being inconsistent with this Land Use Plan as adopted. Consistency of a
proposed use or proposed development plan with zoning regulations and this Land Use Plan can only be determined after a
thorough evaluation of the specifics of the proposal, including submission of any required permit application and site or plot plan, and
a complete review of all applicable zoning regulations.
This chart shows which zoning classifications) are compatible with the Future Land Use Map classifications. Zoning classifications
are 'Generally Consistent' with the FLUM categories when the range of uses or intensity of development allowed within the zoning
classification are similar to those generally anticipated in the FLUM category. Zoning classifications are 'Conditionally Consistent'
with the FLUM categories when the use or intensity of development permitted in the zoning classification would, under prescribed
conditions and safeguards, be compatible with the uses anticipated in the FLUM category. Zoning classifications are 'Inconsistent'
with the FLUM categories when the use or intensity of development permitted in the zoning classification would not be compatible
with the uses or intensity of development anticipated in the FLUM category. Overall, the existing zoning district regulations are
compatible with the FLUM categories. No zoning text or map amendments are anticipated to further ensure compatibility.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 161 of 270
Section IV.- Plan for the Future

Downtown Mixed Use. The Downtown Mixed Use classification encompasses
approximately 0.1 square miles (73 acres) or about 1 % of the total City planning
jurisdiction. The properties classified as Downtown Mixed Use are located in, and
immediately surrounding, the Elizabeth City Central Business District and the
downtown waterfront area. The core of the Downtown Mixed Use area is generally
bounded by the Pasquotank River on the east, Elizabeth Street on the north, Dyer
Street on the west, and Shepard Street on the south. Generally, the density of
development in the Downtown Mixed Use designated areas is projected to average
ten commercial establishments per acre and up to 50 dwelling units per acre.
The Downtown Mixed Use classification is intended to delineate properties that can
accommodate a variety of retail, office, business services, and personal services.
Areas classified as Downtown Mixed Use may also include medium and high density
residential and public and institutional land uses, particularly government buildings
and facilities. The Downtown Mixed Use classification also specifically includes
waterfront tourist -oriented land uses. This land use designation is generally
compatible with the Business and High Density Residential zoning designations.
Industrial, mobile home developments, and low to medium density single family
would be considered incompatible land uses with this designation. The maximum
building height would be approximately twenty stories. If there are adequate
setbacks, the building height could be increased. The lot sizes would range from
approximately 4,000 sf to one acre for apartment developments with an allowable lot
coverage of 100%.
Public water and sewer service is needed to support the land uses characteristic of
this classification. Streets with the capacity to accommodate higher traffic volumes
are also necessary to support the intensive land uses within this classification.
The City's goals and policies support the use of land in Downtown Mixed Use
classified areas for a wide variety of retail and commercial uses intermixed with
multi -family units where adequate public utilities and streets are available or can be
upgraded to support the intensity of development encouraged in this classification.
Redevelopment of the downtown waterfront area for tourist -oriented mixed uses
consisting of retail shops, places of entertainment, restaurants, boating services, and
overnight lodging is promoted by the City's goals and policies.
Mixed Use Classification. The Mixed Use classification encompasses
approximately 1.4 square miles (880 acres) or about 8% of the total City planning
jurisdiction. The properties classified as Mixed Use are located along the major
Halstead Boulevard Extension corridor extending southward towards the business
route of US Highway 17 South.
The Mixed Use classification is intended to delineate lands, in areas where there is
no established urban land use pattern, that can accommodate a variety of
residential, general commercial, and support institutional land uses or a mixture of
these land uses within a single development. Generally, the density of development
in the Mixed Use designated areas is projected to average one to three commercial
establishments with approximately ten dwelling units per acre. Residential building
types encouraged within this classification include single-family detached and
Pasquotank County/Elizabeth City LAMA Land Use Plan Page 162 of 270
Section IV: Plan for the Future

I
F,
attached dwellings, duplexes, and multifamily dwellings. Commercial uses include a
variety of retail, wholesale, office, business services, and personal services.
Land uses within the Mixed Use designated areas are generally compatible with the
medium/high residential and business zoning designations. Industrial land use and
mobile home developments would be considered incompatible with this designation.
Public water service is needed to support the land uses characteristic of this
classification. Public sewer service is needed to support the most intensive
commercial uses. Streets with the capacity to accommodate higher traffic volumes
are necessary to support commercial and multi -family development. The maximum
building height would be approximately six stories. If there are adequate setbacks,
the building height could be increased. The lot sizes would range from
approximately 4,000 sf to one acre with an allowable lot coverage of 80%.
Mixed Use classified areas designate properties that are suitable for multiple land
uses. The areas identified as Mixed Use are potential growth areas that may
develop primarily as one use type or may evolve into multi -use areas. The City's
goals and policies support the use of land in Mixed Use classified areas for a range
of uses where adequate public utilities and roads are available or can be upgraded to
support the intensity of development encouraged in this classification. Public and
institutional land uses that support and that are compatible with this type of mixed
development are also encouraged. Along the Halstead Boulevard Extension, it is
envisioned that these properties will be a mix of single and multi -family uses
intermixed with limited office and commercial development. Development of sites for
commercial use only is discouraged
While the Mixed Use areas are expected to accommodate future growth and
development, they may or may not actually be developed during the planning period.
Critical factors that will determine the development potential of these areas include
market demand and the provision of the necessary support infrastructure (particularly
public water and sewer utilities). Consequently, the development potential of the
majority of the lands within the Mixed Use areas may be more long-term than short-
term.
In order to permit the type of mixed use development envisioned in this classification,
Elizabeth City may have to prepare amendments to its existing zoning ordinance and
subdivision ordinance to establish specific conditions and standards for such
development.
C. Public and Institutional
The Public and Institutional classification encompasses approximately 1.5 square
miles (1,021 acres) or about 9% of the total City planning jurisdictional area. The
properties classified as Public and Institutional are scattered throughout the City's
planning jurisdiction. The largest individual properties within the Public and
Institutional classification include the City's well fields on the south side of Well Field
Road; Elizabeth City State University along Weeksville Road (NC Highway 34); the
Albemarle Hospital; and the College of the Albemarle.
The Public and Institutional classification is intended to delineate large land areas
that are used for intensive public and educational purposes. Land uses within this
classification include primarily government buildings and service facilities,
Pasquotank County I Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 163 of 270
Section IV: Plan for the Future

cemeteries, public and private educational facilities, large medical facilities, and large
private institutional uses. Generally, the density of development is expected to
average one public or institutional use per five acres, with a lot coverage of
approximately 80% and a building height of eight stories.
Land uses within the Public and Institutional designated area are generally
compatible with Office and Institutional zoning. Generally, public water service is
needed to support the land uses characteristic of this classification. Public sewer is
needed to support the most intensive public and institutional uses. Streets with the
capacity to accommodate higher traffic volumes are necessary to support the
intensity of development expected within the Public and Institutional Classification.
D. Industrial
The Industrial classification encompasses approximately 0.7 square miles (435
acres) or about 4% of the total City planning jurisdiction. The properties classified as
Industrial are primarily concentrated north of Ward Street and along Knobbs Creek
Drive, adjacent to Weeksville Road (NC Highway 34) and the CSX Railroad in
southeast Elizabeth City, and along the US Highway 17 South corridor in the vicinity
of the US 17 Industrial Park.
The Industrial classification is intended to delineate lands that can accommodate
industrial and manufacturing establishments. Some heavy commercial uses as well
as services and businesses that support industrial land uses are also appropriate
land uses within the Industrial classification. Generally, the density of industrial
development is projected to average one industrial establishment per three acres.
The density of non -industrial support development is expected to be about one
establishment per two acres. The allowable lot coverage will approximately 90%
with a maximum building height of sixty feet. If there are adequate setbacks, the
building height could be increased.
Land uses within the Industrial -designated areas are generally compatible with the
Industrial zoning districts. Incompatible land uses would include hospitals, schools
and nursing homes. Public water and sewer service is needed to support the land
uses characteristic of this classification. Streets with the capacity to accommodate
higher traffic volumes are necessary to support the intensity of development
expected within the Industrial Classification.
The Industrial areas are expected to accommodate the majority of the future
industrial growth projected for the planning period. Critical factors that will determine
the development potential of these Industrial classified areas include market demand
and the provision of the necessary support infrastructure (particularly public water
and sewer utilities). Consequently, the development potential of the majority of the
lands within, the Industrial areas may be more long-term than short-term.
The City's goals and policies support the use of land in Industrial classified areas for
a wide variety of manufacturing and heavy commercial services uses where
adequate public utilities and streets are available or can be upgraded to support the
intensity of development encouraged in this classification. Public and institutional
land uses as well as commercial services that support and that are compatible with
this type of industrial development are also encouraged. Industrial classified areas
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 164 of 270
Section Iv Plan for the Future

may include certain land uses which, due to their nature and characteristics, have
potential adverse impacts on surrounding land use types. Consequently, the City's
' policy is to'ensure the compatible location of industrial land uses and to require the
necessary measures to mitigate any adverse impacts.
' E. Conservation/Open Space
The Conservation/Open Space classification encompasses approximately 3.2 square
miles (2,029 acres) or about 18% of the total City planning jurisdictional area. The
' largest individual areas within the Conservation/Open Space classification include
the undeveloped land north and west of Knobbs Creek Drive.
' Conservation/Open Space areas are scattered throughout the Elizabeth City
jurisdiction and include parks, coastal wetlands, estuarine waters, estuarine
shoreline, public trust waters, and non -coastal '404' wetlands. The scattered
widespread locations and often small sizes of the conservation/open space areas
' (e.g. Section '404' wetlands, neighborhood parks) precludes mapping each individual
area except at a much generalized level of detail. The standards of the
Conservation/Open Space shall be applied in accordance with the site -specific
' information determined through special studies and/or the land development
process. Much of the land in this classification is environmentally sensitive and
would be protected through existing federal, state, and local regulations. (Refer to
' Figure 2, Natural Features Map)
The Conservation/Open Space classification is intended to provide long-term
' management and protection of significant, limited, or irreplaceable areas and open
space. To conserve the natural, cultural, recreational, scenic or biologically
productive values of these areas, proper land management is required. Land
' development, except extremely low -density residential development, open space,
and park facilities, is not desirable, nor expected to develop. Land development may
include public building and facilities necessary to support existing land uses within
the areas classified as Conservation/Open Space. Due to the environmental
' constraints, it anticipated that residential development will be at a density of
approximately one home per five acres unless a larger lot is required to meet health
department septic and/or well regulations. The anticipated lot coverage will be 35%
' with a building height of three stories. Public water or sewer utilities are not needed
to support the types and intensities of land uses in these areas. Extensions of water
and sewer utilities into these areas are not expected or encouraged.
' The City's goals and policies support the continued use and protection of land in
Conservation/Open Space classified areas for appropriate uses that are compatible
with the fragile nature of the Conservation/Open Space areas. Traditional urban
growth and development in such areas is discouraged. Conservation/Open Space
areas are expected to retain their existing character over time.
L
F
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 165 of 270
' Section IV: Plan for the Future

4.3.3 Consistency With Natural Systems and Land Suitability Analyses
The land use patterns depicted on the Future Land Use Map are generally consistent
with the analysis of natural systems and the analysis of land suitability. The Future Land
Use Map depicts very generalized patterns of projected land use. The intent of the map
is to illustrate a typical pattern of use for a general area and not the specific use of an
individual parcel. The Future Land Use Map is not intended for site -specific land
planning or for regulatory purposes.
The northern, northwestern, central, and southwestern portions of the Elizabeth City
jurisdiction contain some type of natural constraint, primarily floodplains and wetlands.
The majority of such areas are designated on the Future Land Use Map for low density
residential use or as Conservation/Open Space. Major areas with significant natural
constraints and low suitability ratings within the Pasquotank County jurisdiction are
designated as Conservation/Open Space on the Future Land Use Map. Examples of
such areas include the Dismal Swamp National Refuge in the northwestern corner of the
County and the area along the Pasquotank River in the northern section of the County.
Other Conservation/Open Space areas are scattered throughout the City and County
and include coastal wetlands, estuarine waters, estuarine shoreline, public trust areas,
and '404' wetlands. Due to the small size of such areas, they are not specifically
identified on the Future Land Use Map. Other areas with significant natural constraints
and low suitability ratings are designated on the Future Land Use Map for low intensity
land uses such as those anticipated to occur in the Agricultural, Rural Agricultural, and
Low Density Residential classifications.
The table below illustrates the amount of land area within each planning jurisdiction by
land suitability rating.
..- . ..
Elizabeth City Jurisdiction
Pasquotank County Jurisdiction
Suitability
Total Acres
%
Total Acres
%
High
7,070
65%
12,620
10%
Medium
1,180
11%
31,420
24%
Low
-------___
210
2%
49,780
38%
----
Least
—...- ------ —._.
2,390
_..
22%
37,630
..... _.._...........
29%
Totals
10,850
100.0%
131,450
100.0%
Source: The Wooten Company
Some portions of the projected use classifications shown on the Future Land Use Map
may include land which is designated as having moderate or serious natural limitations
or land which is rated as having low suitability for development. Inclusion of such areas
within a specific projected future use classification does not denote a recommendation
for future development. Rather, it means that while such areas are located within a
broader general use pattern, their ultimate future use may be different from other
properties because of their natural constraints and regulatory limitations. Some of the
designated fragile areas may always remain in their current natural state or, if permitted
by regulatory authority, may be altered and any negative impacts overcome through
approved mitigation measures. Some of the areas currently designated as having low
suitability for development may lose that rating over time as, for example, public utilities
are installed and roads are constructed. Consequently, the future use of such areas, if
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 166 of 270
SectionIV. Plan for the Future

' the low suitability conditions are eliminated, will be in accordance with the broader
general use classification.
' Land development activity within most environmentally fragile areas is subject to local,
state, and/or federal restrictions. Local land use regulations such as zoning ordinances,
' subdivision ordinances, public water supply watershed ordinances, storm water
management ordinances, and flood damage prevention ordinance include specific
standards for land development activities. Site -specific soil analyses are required by the
Pasquotank Environmental Health Department to evaluate the suitability of a particular
' parcel for septic system suitability. Encouraging good site planning principles and Best
Management Practices can assist with mitigating the impacts of land development on
environmentally fragile areas.
Development within the designated Areas of Environmental Concern is limited by CAMA
regulations and development guidelines. Generally, the development standards for
' coastal wetlands, estuarine waters, and public trust areas permit only water -dependent
uses such as navigation channels, dredging projects, docks, piers, bulkheads, boat
ramps, groins, and bridges. Priority is, however, given to the conservation of these
' AECS. CAMA standards for estuarine shoreline development generally require that (i)
the development not cause significant damage to estuarine resources; (ii) the
development not interfere with public rights of access to or use of navigable waters or
' public resources; (iii) the development preserve and not weaken natural barriers to
erosion; (iv) impervious surfaces not exceed 30% of the lot area located within the AEC
boundary; (v) the development comply with state soil erosion, sedimentation, and storm
water management regulations; and (vi) the development comply with the CAMA Land
Use Plans. Specific CAMA development standards for AEC can be found in 15 NCAC
7H.
' The US Army Corps of Engineers is responsible for regulating non -coastal or '404'
wetlands. Authorization must be obtained from the Corps prior to disturbing such
wetlands.
Areas with prime farmland soils are also well suited to urban uses. The loss of prime
farmland to other land uses is anticipated to continue particularly on the immediate
' periphery of the Elizabeth City urban area where more intensive growth is also well
suited due to the existing infrastructure in the area. County policies and land use
regulations can assist with guiding incompatible land development away from existing
' agricultural areas that are located within the Pasquotank County jurisdiction.
Mechanisms such as the establishment of voluntary agricultural districts can also assist
in protecting farms from non -farm development.
' Opportunities exist for the conservation of fragile areas and natural resource areas
through both private and public means. Private land trusts and conservancies are tax-
exempt organizations that acquire and preserve natural areas, open spaces, and
' historical properties. Such organizations offer mechanisms such as conservation
easements to protect natural resources (natural habitats, places of scenic beauty, farms,
forestlands, floodplains, watersheds, etc.) while also providing compensation and
' possible tax incentives to private property owners. Tax incentive programs, such as the
North Carolina Conservation Tax Credit Program, provide opportunities for property
owners donating land for conservation purposes to receive tax credits. State and local
' governments may also accept land donations for conservation purposes. Public land
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 167 of270
SectionIV. Plan for the Future

use regulations, such as conservation design subdivision requirements, can be
developed to assist with the conservation of environmentally sensitive areas and open
space as land is being subdivided into building parcels.
The timing of the provision of infrastructure improvements, particularly water and sewer
services and roads, will also have a tremendous impact on the rate and location of
growth and development. Development will occur where infrastructure is available or
can readily be made available to sustain that development. Consequently, achieving the
Future Land Use Map land use projections will depend in large part upon if and when
infrastructure is provided. The provision of public infrastructure generally depends upon
capability to provide the service and demand for the service. Economic climate will be a
major factor in the capability to make infrastructure available as well as the level of
service demand.
4.3.4 Comparison of Future Land Use Allocations and Projected Land Needs
The following table provides estimates of the acreages within each Future Land Use
Map classification. In addition to providing total acreage within each classification, the
table also shows estimated acreage with natural constraints (flood hazard areas and
wetlands), and projected developable acreage (total acreage less acreage with natural
constraints. It should be noted, however, that existing development currently exists in
some areas identified as flood hazard areas and wetlands, particularly within the
Elizabeth City urban area. Also, some developmental limitations created by natural
constraints, such as location within a 100-year floodplain, can be mitigated (for example,
by elevating a structure). Consequently, 'acreage with natural constraints' does not
equate with `undeveloped' or'undevelopable' land.
As shown in the table below, approximately 49% of the total Pasquotank County
jurisdiction and 61% of the Elizabeth City jurisdiction are impacted by natural constraints
that present limitations but do not prevent the use of the land for future development. If
this acreage is deducted from the total land acreage within each jurisdiction, the
resultant developable acreage as projected is land that is, generally, most readily
available to accommodate future land development. As previously stated however,
some developmental limitations created by natural constraints can be mitigated.
Consequently, a larger amount of acreage is available for development purposes than is
portrayed here as `developable acres'.
Pasquotank County Total % of Total Developable
Classifications Acres* Acres Acres** as
Projected
Developable
Acres** as a %
of Total Acres
Rural Agricultural
70,230
54%
29,925
43%
_
Low Density Residential
5,575
— 4%
_ _
3,460
62%
Medium/High Density Residential
94
0%
14
15%
Mixed Residential
8,333
6%
4,413
53%
Commercial _
2,608
2%_
2,298
88%
Mixed Use
1,349
1%
_ _
1,040
77%
Public and Institutional
1,041
1%
736
71%
_Industrial _
6,508
5%_
5,138
79%_
Agriculture1
26,250
20%
17,760
_
68%
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 168 of 270
Section IV: Plan for the Future I

Conservation and Open Space
7,564
6%
604
8%
Totals*
129,552
100.0%
65,388
50%
Elizabeth City Classifications
Total
Acres*
% of Total
Acres
Developable
Acres** as
Projected
Developable
Acres** as a %
of Total Acres
Low Density Residential
3,058
27%
1,095
36%
Medium/High Density Residential
2,115
19%
749
35%
General Commercial
1,603
14%
1,172
73%
Mixed Use
880
8%
880
100%
Downtown Mixed Use
73
- 1 %
1
1 %
Public and Institutional
1,021
9%
483
'47%
Industrial
435
4%
261
60%
and Open Space
2,029
_ 180%
255
13%
_Conservation
Totals*
_
11,213
100.0%
5,396
44%
' Source: The Wooten Company
* totals do not include road rights -of -way or water areas
** developable acreage accounts for the loss of usable land area due to the natural constraints of wetlands and flood
hazard areas
' The following table provides a comparison of the amount of projected future land area as
delineated on the Future Land Use Map (Figures 9A and 913)
k
r
F
L
..-
J
Gross Acres Existing Total
Allocated on the Developed Acres Gross Acre
Land Use Future Land Undeveloped
from the Existing Through 2025
Category Use Map Land Use Map Acres
Pasquotank County Planning Jurisdiction
Residential*
15,122
5,908
9,214
9,764
Commercial**
2,837
714
2,123
-...---......__._
2,929
.......... _......_.._.__......_........._..........-_.
Industrial
.._
6 982***
.... -_ --..._...__
789
.................
6,193***
2,441
Public &
Institutional
_....._....._......._.......__.__..__._.... _..._..._.-.___...1,041 _ 1,223 -182 .. 1,465 ___........_.._._.
Elizabeth City Planning Jurisdiction
Residential
- 5,903
2,180
3,723
7,105
Commercial**
2,730
487
2,243
1,056
Industrial
435
216
219
469
Public &
Institutional
2,029
1,164
9,214
710 _
Totals for Both Planning Jurisdictions -- _
Residential
21,024
8,088
12,936
15,684
Commercial**
5,567
1,201
4,366
3,985
Industrial
6,943
1,005
5,938
2,910
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 169 of 270
' Section IV.- Plan for the Future

Public &
Institutional
3,070
2,387
683
2,175
• FLU Map acres includes 83% of mixed use area; ELU Map acres includes 1,450 acres residential that is
within agricultural areas _
_ _
"* FLU Map acres includes 17% of mixed use area w
*** Includes 5,200 acres in the Tanglewood Mega Site
Note: Gross Undeveloped Acres is Gross Future Land Use Map Acres less Existing Land Use Map Acres.
See Section 3.3.6, Projections of Land Needs regarding ro"ected additional acres needed through 2025.
Source: The Wooten Company, July 2006
Based upon the estimates delineated in the above tables, sufficient developable acreage
exists within the Pasquotank County planning jurisdiction to accommodate projected
land needs. The amount of industrial land shown on the County's Future Land Use Map
exceeds projected industrial land needs due to the inclusion of the Tanglewood Mega
Site which is anticipated to accommodate the regional industrial market and not solely
the industrial land needs of the Pasquotank County -Elizabeth City area. While this
approximate 5,200-acre tract is currently used for agricultural purposes, it is zoned by
the County for industrial use and is marketed by the NC Department of Commerce for
industrial use as a mega site. Also, it is expected that industrial -designated land located
with the County's jurisdiction will absorb some of the demand for industrial land that can
not be accommodated in the City's planning jurisdiction due to the unavailability of large
undeveloped tracts that are suitable for industrial use.
The County's Future Land Use Map indicates a reduction in the amount of land
designated as public and institutional since only large acreage uses are delineated in
this category. Additional public and institutional land uses are anticipated in the future
but the overwhelming majority of such uses will be located within other future land use
categories, particularly the residential and rural agricultural designated areas.
Within the current Elizabeth City jurisdiction, the projected residential land needs can not
be met with the estimated amount of available developable acreage. However, some
land within the City's jurisdiction containing developmental constraints can be utilized by
employing mitigative measures. Even with the employment of higher residential
densities and the redevelopment of some existing low density areas to medium and high
densities, it would appear that a portion of the projected Elizabeth City future residential
land needs will have to be met outside of the City's current planning and zoning
jurisdictional area. To accommodate this projected residential growth, it will be
imperative that the City and County closely coordinate infrastructure development as
well as zoning administration on the periphery of the Elizabeth City urban area.
Any projected commercial and industrial land needs that can not physically be met within
the City's planning jurisdiction can readily be absorbed in the County's planning
jurisdiction.
Like the County, Elizabeth City anticipates that most of the additional future public and
institutional land needs will be located within other land use categories, particularly the
residential and general commercial designated areas.
The following tables summarize hypothetical maximum build out scenarios and utility
demand by Future Land Use Map classifications using assumed density and intensity
levels as identified in the tables:
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 170 of 270
Section IV: Plan for the Future

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Table 53
Estimate• Utility Demand at Buildout
PasquoMnk Count• • •
Future Land
Average Maximum
Projected
Projected
Use
Estimated
Maximum Nonresidential Projected
Water
Sewer
Map
Undeveloped
Average Projected Lot Size Nonresidential
Demand
Demand
Classification
Acreage —
_DU/AC DU (Acres) Users
_ MGD*
MGD*
Agricultural
17,760
1 per 20
888
150
15
0.178
0.000
ac
_
_._..-_._.__.
Rural
29,925
1 per 10
2,993
na
0
.599
0.000
Agricultural
_
Low Density
_ —_ _
3,460
�ac
1
3,460
na
0
0.692
0.000
Residential
Medium/High
14
4
56
na
0
0.011
0.011
Density
Residential
Mixed
4,413
2
8,826
na
0
1.765
1.765
Residential
Commercial
2,298
na
0
2
1,618
0.485
0.485
Mixed Use
1,040
4
6,500
1
333
1.300
1.300
Industrial
5,138
na
0
20
257
1.285
1.285
Public &
�736 _
na
0
10
28
0.140
0.140
Institutional
Totals
65,369
22,723
2,251
6.454
4,986
*Based upon an average consumption of 200 gpd for residential users, 300 gpd for commercial users, 300 gpd for mixed uses, 5,000
gpd for public and institutional users, and 5,000 gpd for industrial users
Source: The Wooten Company, March 2008, average consumption rates by Pasquotank County,
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 171 of 270
Section IV: Plan for the Future

Future Land
Average
Maximum
Use
Estimated
Maximum
Nonresidential
Projected
Projected
Projected
Map
Undeveloped
Average
Projected
Lot Size
Nonresidential
Water
Sewer
Classification
Acreage
DU/AC
DU
(Acres)
Users
Demand
Demand
MGD*
MGD*
Low Density
1,095
3
3,285
na�—
na
.657
—.657mm
Residential
Medium/High
749
6
4,494
na
na
.899
.899
Density
Residential
Mixed Use
880
5
4,400
1
1,760
.880
.880
General
1,172
5
5,860
1
640
1.172
1.172
Commercial
— ._...---..._._.
Downtown
—.._...__.—._._..__......... ...........
T.
...._..__....._._—..__..
10
_.—_............ __.._...—._.
10
....... _._..._................ _..... ..............................
0
......... _..... _..................... _............. -__................
4
.................... _......................... _........
0.002
._._._........... _.................. __.... ....
0.002
Mixed Use
Public &
483
na
na
5
45
0.135
0.135
Institutional
Industrial
261
na
na
3
123�
0.123
0.123
Totals
4,641
18,049
2,572
3.868
3.868
* Based upon an average consumption
of 200 GPD for residential users, 500 GPD for
commercial users, 3,000 GPD for
public and
institutional users,
and 1,000 GPD for industrial users. Where more than one land use is permitted, the use
with the greater demand
is reflected.
Source: The Wooten Company, December 2007, average consumption rates by Elizabeth City
These hypothetical projections help to illustrate the areas of Pasquotank County and Elizabeth City that have the greatest potential
for intensive growth as well as the highest demand for water and sewer services. Cost estimates for planned/proposed water and
sewer system improvements are provided in Section 5.3.2.
Pasquotank County I Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 172 of 270
Section IV: Plan for the Future

4.3.5 Use of the Future Land Use Plan to Guide Development
1 In preparing the Future Land Use Map, consideration was given to land development
objectives and policies, land suitability, and the ability to provide the infrastructure to
support growth and development. The Future Land Use Map depicts the general
' location of projected patterns of future land uses. The Future Land Use Map is a plan or
guideline for the future.
The ultimate use and development of a particular parcel of land will be determined by
' property owners' desires, overall market conditions, implementation tools employed by
the County and City to regulate land use and development (such as flood hazard
regulations, the County's zoning ordinance, subdivision regulations, the City's Unified
' Development Ordinance), the absence of specific natural constraints to development,
and the availability of the necessary infrastructure (water, sewer, roads, etc.) to support
development. Consequently, even though the Future Land Use Map may indicate a
specific projected use in a particular location, many factors come into play to determine if
the projected use is appropriate and the land can be developed as projected. Also,
formal amendments to the zoning ordinance and subdivision ordinance will be required
1 to specifically authorize the type of mixed use development envisioned in this Land Use
Plan.
' In the way of an example, the Pasquotank County Future Land Use Map indicates
Commercial use in the vicinity of the intersection of the US 17 Bypass and the Halstead
Boulevard Connector. Thus, it has been determined through the Land Use Plan that the
commercial use of property in this area is desirable and is expected to occur. However,
' the actual commercial use of a specific piece of property in this generally -identified area
will depend upon the following:
• Is the property owner willing to use or sell the parcel for the proposed
commercial use? Change of use or change of development intensity is,
in most cases, initiated by the desires of the property owner.
• Is the parcel properly zoned for commercial use? If not, a rezoning must
be requested and approved by the County Board of Commissioners. In
reviewing the rezoning request, the Board of Commissioners will
determine if commercial use is appropriate and desirable for the parcel.
• If the parcel is already zoned for commercial use, a zoning and building
permit must be requested and approved by the County. The proposed
use and layout of the proposed building will be reviewed to determine
conformance with the County's land use and development regulations
and standards. Water supply and sewage disposal systems must be
approved by the County.
• In reviewing rezoning requests and zoning and building permit
applications, site characteristics of the parcel will be a major
consideration by the review and approval authority. Are site
characteristics such that the parcel can be physically used for the
proposed commercial use? Do poor soils, poor drainage, wetlands, flood
hazards, etc. limit the use of all or a portion of the parcel for commercial
development? Can adverse site conditions be overcome or mitigated in
accordance with County, State, and Federal regulations? The allowable
building intensity and density of development may need to be reduced to
ensure compatibility with existing site conditions.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 173 of 270
1 Section IV: Plan for the Future

• Are adequate utilities in place to support the proposed commercial use? '
If adequate utilities are not in place, improvements will have to be
planned, approved, and extended to the parcel in accordance with
County, State, and utility provider standards and regulations. Are
improvements and extensions economically feasible?
• Are adequate roads in place to provide access to the parcel? If new '
roads or improvements to existing roads are needed, they will have to be
planned, approved, and constructed in accordance with NCDOT
standards.
Achieving the projected patterns of land use indicated by the Future Land Use Map will
be greatly impacted by timing. Much of the projected land use indicated on the Future
Land Use Map will not come to fruition without market demand. Therefore, market and '
economic conditions must be conducive for growth and development. While the Land
Use Plan attempts to provide a general expectation of growth based upon projected
population change, it simply cannot predict the economic future. The demand for '
houses, businesses, industries, etc. will fluctuate widely with economic conditions.
The timing of the provision of infrastructure improvements,'particularly water and sewer
services and roads, will also have a tremendous impact on growth and development.
Development will occur where infrastructure is available or can be made available to
sustain that development. Consequently, achieving the Future Land Use Map land use ,
projections will depend in large part upon if and when infrastructure is provided. The
provision of public infrastructure depends upon capability to provide the service and
demand for the service. Economic climate will be a major factor in both the capability to
make infrastructure available and the level of service demand.
I
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Section IV. Plan for the Future I

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SECTION V TOOLS FOR MANAGING DEVELOPMENT
This section of the Plan is organized in accordance with the requirements of Subchapter 713
.0702(e). Section V includes a description of the Elizabeth City and Pasquotank County land
management tools and programs as well as the actions and strategies that each local
government will use to implement the Joint Land Use Plan.
5.1 Guide for Land Use Decision -making
The Joint Land Use Plan, as adopted by the elected officials of Elizabeth City and Pasquotank
County and as may be amended from time to time, will serve as the primary guide upon which
to make land use policy decisions. Every land use policy decision, such as a rezoning request
or approval of a conditional or special use permit, will be measured for consistency with the
goals, policies, and recommendations of the Plan. The elected officials, Planning Boards,
Boards of Zoning Adjustment, and local government staffs should utilize the Land Use Plan as
the basic policy guide in the administration of the zoning ordinance, subdivision regulations, and
other land development regulatory tools. Persons involved in the land development business as
well as the general public can also utilize the Land Use Plan to guide private decisions
regarding land use and land development.
The policy statements and recommendations of the Land Use Plan can also be of assistance to
the elected officials in making long-range decisions regarding such matters as the provision of
water and sewer services; thoroughfare planning; storm water planning and management;
implementation of economic development strategies; recreational facility planning; preparation
of capital and operating budgets; and implementation of housing and community development
programs.
It should be noted, however, that the Land Use Plan is one of a variety of guides in making a
public policy decision. The Plan should be viewed as a tool to aid in decision making and not as
the final decision.
Additional information regarding utilizing the Plan to guide development is provided in Section
4.3.5.
5.2 Existing Land Use and Development Management Programs
5.2.1 Pasquotank County
Pasquotank County's existing land development management program includes the
following land regulatory ordinances and related plans:
• CAMA Land Use Plan Update, Certified in April 1996
• Zoning Ordinance
• Subdivision Ordinance
• Water Supply Watershed Ordinance
• Airport Height Restrictions Ordinance
• Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance
• Multi -family Dwellings Ordinance
• Water System Policies, Rules, and Regulations
• Pasquotank County/Elizabeth City Hazard Mitigation Plan, July 2005
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' Section V.• Tools for Managing Development

The County's land development management program is administered primarily by the
Planning Department which is responsible for administering land development
regulations. The County's land development regulations are applicable to all land areas
located outside of the planning and zoning jurisdiction of the City of Elizabeth City.
The Planning Department serves as staff support for the Pasquotank County Planning
Board and the Pasquotank County Board of Adjustment. The Planning Board serves
primarily in an advisory capacity, making recommendations to the Board of
Commissioners on zoning and subdivision matters. The Board of Adjustment is
responsible for hearing requests for special use permits as well as requests for appeals
and variances from the zoning ordinance. The Board of Commissioners responsibilities
in the zoning process include adopting and amending the zoning ordinance text and
map. The Board of Commissioners is also responsible for making approval decisions on
all preliminary and final subdivisions.
Building inspections throughout the Pasquotank County jurisdiction are administered by
the County Building Inspections Department.
5.2.2 Elizabeth City
Elizabeth City's existing land development management program includes the following
land regulatory ordinances and related plans:
• CAMA Land Use Plan Update, Certified in September 1994
• Elizabeth City Thoroughfare Plan, January 1997
• 2002-2010 Capital Improvements Plan, Public Works Department, March
2002
• Storm water Management Ordinance, November 2001
• Unified Development Ordinance, September 1999
o Watershed Protection Overlay District Regulations
o Flood Hazard Overlay District Regulations
o Airport Overlay District Regulations
• City and County Comprehensive Parks and Recreation Master Plan, 2007
• Pasquotank County/Elizabeth City Hazard Mitigation Plan, July 2005
The City of Elizabeth City land development management program is administered
primarily by the Planning Department which is responsible for administering land
development regulations. The City's land development regulations are applicable to all
land areas located inside the corporate limits of the City of Elizabeth City and the City's
extraterritorial planning and zoning jurisdiction.
The Planning Department serves as staff support for the Elizabeth City Planning
Commission and the Elizabeth City Board of Adjustment. The Planning Commission
serves primarily in an advisory capacity, making recommendations to the City Council on
zoning matters and preliminary subdivision plat approvals. The Board of Adjustment
hears all requests for appeals and variances from the Unified Development Ordinance
and requests for Special Use Permits. The City Council is responsible for hearing
requests for conditional use permits and makes all approval decisions on preliminary
subdivision plats. The Elizabeth City Planning Director is authorized to approve minor
subdivision plats and final plats for major subdivisions.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 176 of 270
Section V.• Tools for Managing Development

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Building inspections throughout the City's jurisdiction are administered by the Elizabeth
City Building Inspections Department. The Building Inspections Department also
administers the City's Minimum Housing Code.
5.3 Additional Implementation Tools
5.3.1 Amendments or Adjustments to Existing Land Development Ordinances
Amendments to land development ordinances necessary to ensure consistency with the
Land Use Plan include the following:
• Amendments to the Pasquotank County Zoning Ordinance and
Subdivision Ordinance to authorize the variety of residential densities and
building types and the mixtures of land uses envisioned in the `Mixed
Residential' and 'Mixed Use' classifications as delineated in Section 4.3.1
(C) and (E).
• Amendments to the Pasquotank County Zoning Ordinance and
Subdivision Ordinance to develop alternative land development
techniques such as clustering, conservation subdivisions, planned
development, etc; buffering; and alternative storm water management
techniques in order to better ensure land use compatibility.
• Amendments to the Pasquotank County Zoning Ordinance and
Subdivision Ordinance and the Elizabeth City Unified Development
Ordinance (UDO) to formulate highway corridor standards regarding
driveway access, landscaping, signage, and other aesthetic -related
requirements.
• To implement the Waterfront Master Plan (2001), Elizabeth City will
consider establishing an overlay zone with design guidelines for the
downtown waterfront; review the UDO for any necessary zoning changes
to facilitate the plan; or implement conditional zoning regulations.
• Amendments to the Elizabeth City LIDO to develop alternative land
development techniques to mitigate the impacts of high intensity
commercial and residential developments on surrounding land uses.
• To advance in preserving water quality, consider amendments to the
Elizabeth City UDO to reduce impervious areas within developments;
establish vegetative buffers along wetlands, streams, estuarine shorelines
and major drainage ditches; to encourage alternative storm water
management techniques; and develop standards for open space
subdivisions.
• To assist in promoting orderly growth and compatible land uses, Elizabeth
City will be developing conditional zoning. The conditional zoning will
regulate the use and development of a particular property by imposing
standards, regulations, or other conditions during the creation of the
district. Conditional zoning typically allows an applicant to propose use
limitations or development conditions that ensure compatibility between
the subject property and surrounding properties.
• Consider establishing a new downtown mixed -use overlay district. The
overlay district would include standards for parking, signage, buffers, and
landscaping and other factors to help preserve the downtown area and
encourage mixed use developments.
• To acquire public access to public trust waters, amend the UDO to
require major residential developments fronting public trust waters to
dedicate public access to the water.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 177 of 270
' Section V. Tools for Managing Development

5.3.2 Capital Improvements
Planned County water system capital improvements include the following:
• Construction of a reverse osmosis water treatment facility and related
improvements (see Section 3.4.1).
Distribution lines will be installed to supply water to the areas of projected growth.
These distribution lines will consist of:
• 24" main from the Reverse Osmosis plant along Foreman Bundy Road to
the intersection of US 17 South and Foreman Bundy Road.
• 16" main from the Foreman Bundy Road and US 17 Bypass interchange
to the Halstead Boulevard Extension and US 17 Bypass interchange.
• 16" main from the Halstead Boulevard Extension and US 17 Bypass
interchange to an existing 16" main located along Thunder Road. This
will provide additional capacity for the existing 16" main transmitting water
to the northern part of the county.
• 12" main from existing water tower located in the Pasquotank County
Commerce Park extending north to the intersection of US 17 North and
US Hwy 158/Northside Road.
• 8" main will be located approximately 6,000 feet north of the US 17
Bypass and US 17 North interchange, to connect US 17 North and
Northside Road.
Estimated total cost for all proposed RO plant and related improvements is $10.5 million.
Planned water system improvements for the City of Elizabeth City include:
• Water source development/supply expansion: $2.0 million.
• Small diameter water line replacement/upgrades: $4.0 million.
• Trunk main improvements: $0.5 million.
• Water treatment plant expansion: $1.0 million.
Planned County sewer system capital improvements include a 12-inch sewer line
extending from Elizabeth City's Knobbs Creek wastewater treatment facility along US 17
Business to Pasquotank County's Commerce Park. The estimated cost of this
improvements project is $2.1 million.
Planned sewer system improvements for the City of Elizabeth City include:
• Sanitary Sewer Neighborhood Rehabilitation projects: $34.0 million.
• Sanitary Sewer System Upgrades: $1.9 million.
5.4 Implementation Plan and Schedule
5.4.1 Pasquotank County
Pasquotank County has developed the following action plan and schedule to implement
the Land Use Plan:
A. Public Water Access Implementation Actions
1. FY 08: Seek funding from DCM for a grant to prepare a waterfront
access plan.
2. FY 09: Finalize waterfront access plan.
Pasquotank County / Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 178 of 270
Section V. Tools for Managing Development

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3. Post FY 09: Initiate implementation of the recommendations of the
waterfront access plan; seeking funding approval for recommended
acquisitions/improvements; develop specific criteria and standards for the
provision of public waterfront access.
4. Ongoing: Review, through the subdivision plat and site plan review and
approval process, proposed waterfront land development projects to
ensure consistency with the County's public access goals and policies.
B. Land Use Compatibility Implementation Actions
1. FY05: Establish a joint task force with the City of Elizabeth City to
develop coordinated land use and development regulations for the
Halstead Boulevard Connector.
2. FY05: Review the zoning ordinance, subdivision regulations, and other
County land use and development regulations to ensure that residential
densities and building intensities are consistent with the County's land
suitability goals and policies. Prepare revisions and updates as
determined appropriate. Coordinate the review with the District Health
Department.
3. FY06: Develop site plan standards for multifamily and nonresidential
development; establish site plan review and approval procedures in the
zoning ordinance.
4. FY07: Review, and revise as determined appropriate, the County land
use and development regulations to include development principles and
techniques that promote land use compatibility as open space subdivision
design, clustering, innovative storm water management design, etc.
5. FY08: Develop zoning ordinance standards for mixed use development
and mixed residential development.
6. FY08: Develop, in cooperation with the NCDOT, requirements for
regulating vehicular access to state roadways; amend the County zoning
ordinance and subdivision regulations accordingly.
7. FY08: Establish a joint task force with the City of Elizabeth City to
develop coordinated land use and development regulations for areas of
common interest such as extraterritorial planning area, municipal utility
service areas, airport zoning area, etc.
C. Infrastructure Carrvina Capacity Implementation Actions
1. FY06: Extend a 16" watermain down Halstead Boulevard Extension from
the US 17 Bypass to Thunder Road
2. FY07: Establish a joint task force with the City of Elizabeth City and other
utility providers within Pasquotank County to establish utility service area
boundaries and to develop coordinated land use and development
regulations within such areas.
3. FY07: Review the County's water system extension and service policies
for consistency with the goals and objectives of the Land Use Plan.
4. FY09: Construct a watermain from the reverse osmosis plant to the
intersection of US 17 South and Foreman Bundy Road.
5. FY10: Construct new pump station and force main from Knobbs Creek
Drive to City WWTP
6. FY12: Extend water service northward from the Pasquotank County
Commerce Park to Northside Road.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 179 of 270
' Section V.• Tools for Managing Development

7. Ongoing: Utilize the Land Use Plan, zoning ordinance, subdivision
regulations, and water extension policies to guide public infrastructure
and services to areas where growth and development are desired.
D. Natural Hazard Areas Implementation Actions
1. Ongoing: The County will review its zoning ordinance, subdivision
regulations, and flood damage prevention ordinance to determine if more
specific locational and density regulations regarding development or
redevelopment activities within identified flood hazard areas and storm
surge areas are warranted. Issues to be addressed include restrictions
on land uses that utilize or store hazardous materials on -site,
establishment of riparian buffers, increasing the minimum freeboard
height above base flood elevation, etc.
2. Ongoing: The County will avoid zoning areas susceptible to storm surge
for high density residential or intensive nonresidential use.
3. Ongoing: Based upon the availability of federal and state grant funds,
land acquisition programs will be utilized in the most hazardous areas to
minimize future damage and loss of life.
4. Ongoing: If any portion of the County's public infrastructure is
significantly damaged by a major storm, consideration will be given to the
feasibility of relocating or modifying the affected facilities to prevent the
reoccurrence of storm damage.
5. Ongoing: Coordinate the review and approval of development plans for
major subdivisions, multifamily developments, and large public and
institutional uses located within identified natural hazard areas with the
County Emergency Management Agency. Continue the active
enforcement of the State Building Code provisions regarding wind -
resistance requirements and participation in the National Flood Insurance
Program.
E. Water Quality Implementation Actions
1. FY07: The County will investigate the feasibility of developing and
implementing a countywide storm water management plan and
coordinating such management plan with the City of Elizabeth City.
2. FY07: The County will review its zoning ordinance and subdivision
regulations to determine if revisions are needed to include additional
measures, such as riparian buffers and impervious surface limitations, to
control storm water discharges.
3. FY08: The County will consider adoption of a countywide drainage
manual which will include requirements for a thirty foot wide undisturbed
vegetated buffer strip adjacent to natural banks of all watercourses, water
bodies, or wetlands.
4. Ongoing: The County will continue to require, through its subdivision
regulations, adequate storm water drainage systems for new
developments. The County will continue to promote the use of Best
Management Practices to minimize the degradation of water quality
resulting from storm water runoff. The County will continue to coordinate
the approval of land development projects with the applicable State
agencies.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 180 of 270
Section V.• Tools for Managing Development

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F. Areas of Environmental Concern Implementation Actions:
1. FY08: The County will review its zoning ordinance and subdivision
regulations to determine if revisions are needed to include additional
protective measures for AECS.
2. Ongoing: Continue participation in the North Carolina Ecosystem
Enhancement Program.
G. Areas of Local Concern Implementation Actions:
1. FY08: The County will review its zoning ordinance and subdivision
regulations to determine if revisions are needed to eliminate requirements
that are not conducive to encouraging a variety of housing opportunities
or to promoting diversified economic development.
5.4.2 Elizabeth City
The City of Elizabeth City has developed the following action plan and schedule to
implement the Land Use Plan:
A. Public Water Access Implementation Actions
1. FY 09: Amend the UDO to require that major residential subdivisions that
abut public trust waters be required to dedicate public access to public
trust waters. Access for the general public is preferred.
2. FY 10: Finalize the Waterfront Master Plan for adoption by the City
Council.
3. FY 11: Develop a waterfront overlay zoning district to facilitate
implementation of the Waterfront Master Plan.
4. Post FY 11/12: Initiate additional implementation strategies
recommended in the Waterfront Master Plan; seek funding approval for
recommended improvements, particularly additional public water access.
B. Land Use Compatibility Implementation Actions
1. FY08: Develop conditional zoning to facilitate versatile development
standards in keeping with the Land Use Plan.
2. FY09: Establish a joint task force with Pasquotank County to develop
coordinated land use and development regulations for the Halstead
Boulevard Connector.
3. FY 09: Create alternative development techniques to mitigate the impact
for high intensity commercial and residential developments on
surrounding land uses.
4. FYI 0: Establish a joint task force with the County to develop coordinated
land use and development regulations for the development of an aviation
center proximate to the Elizabeth City Regional Airport.
5. FY10: Establishment of land use development policies that balance
protection for natural resources and areas with economic development.
6. FY12: Develop an overlay district for the downtown mixed use. Evaluate
the LIDO for any necessary zoning changes to facilitate downtown mixed
use.
' C. Infrastructure Carrying Capacity Implementation Actions
1. FY 05/07: Extend sewer services westward on the Halstead Boulevard
Extension to the US 17 By -Pass.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 181 of 270
' Section V. Tools for Managing Development

2. FY07/09: Implement the recommendation of the joint City/County
Comprehensive Parks and Recreation Master Plan to develop two sports
complexes.
a. FY 07/08 — Soccer Complex
b. FY 08/09 — Baseball/Softball Complex
3. FY08/09: Implement the recommendation of the joint City/County
Comprehensive Parks and Recreation Master Plan, adopted in January
2007, to assess existing parks to see how the facilities can be expanded
and/or updated for maximum use.
4. FY 09: Upgrade, and repair the Knobbs Creek and Rum Quarter pump
stations; and construct a new pump stations to service the new aviation
center and another pump station for the River Road area.
5. FY 09: Expand the water source supply by the addition of four well sites
to the water system for an increased capacity of approximately 1 MGD.
6. FY 09110: Replace the Charles Creek Bridge.
7. FY09110: Implement the recommendation of the joint City/County
Comprehensive Parks and Recreation Master Plan to develop three
additional neighborhood parks.
8. FY 10: Extend sewer services southward pass the US Coast Guard
facility to service the aviation center.
9. FY 10: Develop road design and construction standards for City streets.
10. FYI 0: Develop service territories for the City's sewer and water facilities.
Evaluate the City's sewer and water extension and service policies for
consistency with the goals of the Land Use Plan.
11. FYI 0: Coordinate with the County and other utility providers to delineate
service areas as the City grows.
12. FY10/11: Develop a greenway master plan
13. FY12: Develop a joint facilities study with the county to review the
adequacy of health services, emergency services, fire services, schools,
sewer, and water.
14. FY12: Coordinate with the NCDOT for the preparation of an updated
Thoroughfare Plan and seek the possible transfers of Water Street and
Elizabeth Street to City control for redevelopment.
15. FY 12: Replacement of the filter media at the water treatment facility to
increase the water production.
16. FY12: Establish a regional water cooperative with the surrounding public
providers.
17.Ongoing: Develop City/County joint use agreements with the school
system to allow recreational use of the schools located throughout the
area.
18. Ongoing: Replace or upgrade small diameter water lines.
19. Ongoing: Improvements to the trunk water main.
20.Ongoing: Improvements and resurfacing of City streets.
21.Ongoing: Neighborhood rehabilitation including the repair and
replacement of leaking gravity sewer mains
22.Ongoing: Repair and upgrades to the City's Core pump stations
D. Water Quality Implementation Actions
1. FY08: Develop a joint City/County task force to implement a regional
storm water management plan.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 182 of 270
Section V. Tools for Managing Development

' 2. FY 09: Amend the Flood Hazard District Overlay Requirements to
increase the lowest floor elevation of structures located within flood
hazard areas to a minimum of one foot above the base flood elevation.
3. FY 09: Produce policies to reduce impervious surfaces in developments,
especially within floodplains, encourage alternative storm water
' management techniques, open space preservation, and cluster
developments.
4. FY 09: Establish design standards for open space subdivisions and
vegetative buffer areas along streams, wetlands and estuarine shorelines.
' 5. FY09: Development of polices to prevent or control non -point source
discharges.
6. Ongoing: The City will continue to require, through its Storm water
' Management ordinance and Unified Development Ordinance, adequate
storm water drainage systems for new developments. The City will
continue to promote the use of Best Management Practices to minimize
' the degradation of water quality resulting from storm water runoff. The
City will continue to coordinate the approval of land development projects
with the applicable State agencies.
7. Ongoing: Continue to support CAMA requirements concerning the
preservation of open space buffers along estuarial shorelines. Promote
alternative storm water management techniques, buffering, etc.
' E. Areas of Local Concern Implementation Actions:
1. FY08: Continue the joint City/County efforts on developing a Conference
' Center in the downtown area. The City and County are pursuing land
acquisition for the project through the use of options to purchase.
2. FY 08/09: Support the adoption of stronger minimum housing standards
and a demolition by neglect ordinance.
3. FY 09: Strengthen sign regulations and increase enforcement activities
4. FY09: Continue the work of the City and County Joint Redevelopment
Committee in the redevelopment of the blighted residential fairgrounds
neighborhood into a viable light industrial development.
5. FY 09: Continue to support the implementation and recommendations in
the joint Comprehensive Parks & Recreation Master Plan.
' 6. FY 10: Seek funding and land acquisition for the development of an open
space/greenway system.
7. FY12: Amend the UDO to provide incentives for constructing non -
wetland, upland marinas as opposed to open water marinas.
8. FY12: To facilitate the implementation of the Waterfront Master Plan,
initiate development of design guidelines for the creation of an overlay
district.
9. On Going: Continue relationships with organizations that promote historic
preservation in the community including the Elizabeth City Historic
Neighborhood Association, Elizabeth City Downtown, Inc., Museum of the
' Albemarle, and Preservation NC.
10.On Going: Continue to develop an educational outreach program utilizing
the City's public access channel and educational materials on
preservation techniques.
11.On Going: Enhance historic neighborhood with streetscape and
infrastructure improvements.
Pasguotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 183 of 270
Section V.• Tools for Managing Development

5.5 Description of Public Participation Activities to Assist in Monitoring Plan
Implementation
Pasquotank County and the City of Elizabeth City have developed the following action plan to
assist in monitoring implementation of the Land Use Plan.
Annual Performance Review
The County and the City, through their respective Planning Departments and Planning Boards,
will undertake an annual review of the proposed implementation activities delineated in Section
5.4 to determine the following:
The status of the implementation actions proposed during the previous
fiscal year.
If the implementation action has been completed, evaluate the general
effectiveness of the implementation action taken and make
recommendations on any follow-up action deemed necessary to assist in
implementing the goals, objectives, and policies of the Land Use Plan.
If the implementation action has not been undertaken, assess the
reasons that the action has not been completed, evaluate the current
need to undertake the action, and make recommendations regarding a
revised schedule for carrying out the action.
In addition to reviewing specific implementation actions outlined in Section 5.4, the County and
the City will also undertake an assessment of the general effectiveness of the policies outlined
in Section 4.2 and make recommendations on any follow-up action deemed necessary to
improve the effectiveness of the policies.
The County and City Planning Directors will forward their evaluation and recommendations to
their respective elected officials. The County Board of Commissioners and the City Council,
following a review of the Planning Director's recommendations, will make a determination of
what action, if any, should be taken to ensure implementation of the Land Use Plan. All
Planning Board and elected officials meetings are open to the public and citizen comments are
welcomed.
If a formal amendment to the Land Use Plan is deemed necessary, such amendment shall be
processed in accordance with the requirements of NCAC 76.0900.
Pasquotank County and Elizabeth City will utilize their respective official WebPages to distribute
information regarding their overall planning programs, annual reports and evaluations, and
specific implementation activities.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 184 of 270
Section V.• Tools for Managing Development

L
I
r
k
I
APPENDICES
Appendix A
Index of Data Sources
0 2000 Census of Population and Housing, United States Bureau of Census
• Census of Agriculture, 2002, United States Bureau of Census
• North Carolina State Data Center, Office of State Budget and Management
Division of Coastal Management, Subchapter 7B, Land Use Planning Guidelines
• Division of Coastal Management, Subchapter 7H, State Guidelines for AEC
• Technical Manual for Coastal Land Use Planning, Version 2.0, July 2002, North Carolina
Division of Coastal Management.
• Pasquotank River Basinwide Water Quality Plan, North Carolina Department of
Environment and Natural Resources, Division of Water Quality, May 2002.
• Soil Survey of Camden County, North Carolina, US Department of Agriculture Soil
Conservation Service (now renamed the Natural Resources Conservation Service)
• United States Bureau of Economic Analysis
• North Carolina Division of Marine Fisheries
• North Carolina Natural Heritage Program
• North Carolina Division of Archives and History
North Carolina State Historic Preservation Office
• North Carolina Department of Revenue, Tax Research Division
• North Carolina Department of Commerce
• North Carolina Department of Transportation
• Federal Emergency Management Administration, National Flood Insurance Program
Pasquotank-Camden-Elizabeth City Emergency Management Office.
National Climatic Data Center
• Draft North Carolina Natural Hazards Mitigation (Section 322) Plan, August 2001
• Basinwide Assessment Report, Chowan River and Pasquotank River Basins, North
Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Division of Water Quality,
January 2002.
• A Guide to North Carolina's Tidal Saltwater Classifications, Cape Fear Council of
Governments, 1994
Watershed Restoration Plan for the Pasquotank River Basin, NC Wetlands Restoration
Program, 2002.
Pasquotank River Local Watershed Plan, NC Ecosystem Enhancement Program,
December 2003.
• North Carolina 2004 Impaired Waters List, April 26, 2004, DWQ
• Pasquotank County Zoning Ordinance, December 1992
Pasquotank County Subdivision Ordinance, March 1989
• Pasquotank County Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance, August 1994.
Pasquotank County Land Use Plan Update, April 1996, SYNAPSE Planning Inc.
• Ordinance Regulating Multi -family Dwellings in Pasquotank Count, December 1985.
• Elizabeth City-Pasquotank County Height Restriction Ordinance, February 1999.
Pasquotank County Water Supply Watershed Ordinance, May 16, 1994.
Water System Policies, Rules and Regulations, Pasquotank County, NC, January 1979.
• South Mills Water Association
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan
Appendices
July 6, 2007, August 11, 2009
Page 185 of 270

• Blueprint to Protect Coastal Water Quality, The Center for Watershed Protection and
Land Ethics, Inc.
• Elizabeth City 2002: Everybody's Future, CAMA Land Use Plan Update 1992 (certified
by the Coastal Resource Commission (CRC) on September 23, 1994), Ken Weeden and
Associates.
• Elizabeth City Unified Development Ordinance, September 13, 1999.
• Drainage Basin Data for the Elizabeth City Storm water Management Plan, McDowell
and Associates, PA.
• Capital Improvements Plan 2002-2010, City of Elizabeth City Public Works Department,
March 21, 2002.
• Draft City of Elizabeth 2002 Comprehensive Plan, Elizabeth City Planning Department.
• Elizabeth City Thoroughfare Plan, NCDOT, January 1997.
• Pasquotank County/Elizabeth City Hazard Mitigation Plan, July 2005.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan
Appendices
July 6, 2007, August 11, 2009
Page 186 of 270 I

m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m
Appendix B
Housing Units by Type
Pasquotank County Townships
2000
Type of Unit as a Percentage of All Housing Units in Pasquotank County
Township i
Total
Percent
2
Percent
3-9
Percent
10+
Percent
perce nt
Boat RV
Units
Un it
Of Total
Units
Of Total
Unil �s
Of Total
Units
Of Total
Units
Of Total
etc
Percent'.'
Units
IINI J
Of Total;
Elizabeth City
5,756
3,556
24.9%
657
4.6%...
898
6.3%
283
2.0%
1 351
1_2.59o.
........ 0..
77 0
0
Mount Hermon
2,021
1,553
10.9%
5
..... ..................
. .
0.0%
. ......
41
0.3%
0
0.0%
416
2.9%
. . ..........
6 .
<0.1%
............ . .............. . . ..............
Newland
913
531
3.7%
0
................
%
9
.
0.1%
.. . .. . . ............. . ............
..... 0
0.0%
373
. . . .
2.6%
..............................................
0
. . . .
0.0%
........... . ......... ... . . ........... . ...
Nixonton
2,420
-
1,856
- -- - ------ -
13.0%
-- - ---- ------- - ------ *''**
27
................ * ........................
0.2%
............ .........
. 130
0.9%
32
0.2%
375 ..
2.6%
....... . ................................ . ...
0
0.0%
.. . . ........ . . .........
Providence
2,498
1,772
12.4%
. . . .
24
..............................................
0.2%
65
0.5%
112
0.8%
525 .
.... 3.7%
0
Salem
681
472
3.3%
0.0%
0
0.0%
0
0.0%
209
-
1.5%
'T6 .. .. .
0
0.0%
-, ..... . ..... .... ........
Totals
-4,289 1
9,740
68.2%
-
71031-
5.0%
1,143
8.0%
427
3.0%
2,249
. 7 %
17
0 1 %
Pasquotank County lElizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 187 of 270
Appendices

Appendix C
Summary of Land Use and Development Issues from the 1994 Elizabeth City and 1996
Pasquotank County CAMA Land Use Plans
Land Use
• Annexation/expansion of area within City's jurisdiction.
• Land Use regulations to effect Land Use Patterns
• Others
Economic Development
• Further diversify employment base by recruiting higher -paying employers, industry, etc.
• Emphasize, seek to enhance City's role as a regional center.
• Promote tourism, with special events, activities, etc.
• Location and types of industries.
• Provision of infrastructure for economic development.
• Others.
Types and Location of Desired Industries
• Additional industrial development offers one, solution to the area's economic
diversification needs.
Public Facilities
• In the long term, should the City seek alternative sources of raw water other than the
well fields and the Pasquotank River?
• Although the existing water plant has the capacity to treat sufficient amounts of water to
serve the projected 10-year population increase, the City may wish to begin planning for
long-term improvements.
• Sewer services appear to be adequate presently. However, the historical problems of
inflow/infiltration and difficulties in meeting discharge limitations signal a need to
continue sewer improvement plans.
• Providing recreational facilities accessible to all of the population.
• Development of a trails and greenways system.
• Continuation of the provision of recreation service to residents of both Pasquotank and
Camden Counties.
• The City's support of and participation in a regional solid waste disposal program,
including regional landfill.
• Providing increased levels of fire and police personnel, commensurate with population
growth.
• The City supporting expansion of school capacity to meet anticipated growth in school -
age population.
Housing
• Continued and specific efforts to facilitate both housing affordability and home
ownership.
• Review of local Land Use controls, relative to restrictions on housing development.
Transportation
Support of the proposed new U.S. 17 Bypass and other local thoroughfare
improvements.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 188 of 270
Appendices

' • Support on inclusion of pedestrian and bicycle access improvements in any planned
road improvements.
' • Accelerate the updating the City's Thoroughfare Plan.
• Support of an additional major North -South cross-town connector.
' Waterfront Development
• Firm commitment to the re -development of the downtown waterfront as a tourist/historic
resource attraction. This would necessitate the development and adoption of regulatory
ordinances supporting the redevelopment.
• Specific policies on the development of marina facilities.
• Balanced development, so that scenic views and vistas are enhanced and maintained.
' Cultural Resources
• Continued support of the historic preservation activities and expansions of the Historic
Districts.
' • Support for expansion, and/or relocation of the Museum of the Albemarle to a downtown
waterfront location.
• Coordination of new, land -disturbing construction with the State Division of Archives and
' History, for protection of potential archaeological resources.
Natural Resources
' • Continued protection of the identified Areas of Environmental Concern, with special
concern about development encroaching on the City's well fields.
• Limit development from undue encroachment on wooded swamplands.
' • Regulate waterfront development so as to better protect surface water quality from
negative effects of urban runoff.
' Use of Package Treatment Plants
• The centralized sewer service in Elizabeth City's planning jurisdiction serves primarily
those areas within the immediate City limits. It may become necessary to develop small
' package treatment systems in order to accommodate certain types of development in
outlying areas of the extraterritorial jurisdiction. This development may be residential,
commercial, or industrial.
' Storm water Runoff
• Although none of the waters in Elizabeth City's Jurisdiction are classified as Primary
Nursery Areas, storm water runoff mainly from urban development as opposed to
' agricultural activities, could adversely affect the quality of these waters.
Marina and Floating Home Development
' The development of marinas may have significant commercial and recreational potential
in Elizabeth City. There are lands along portions of the Pasquotank River which may be
redeveloped.
Drystack Facilities
• Drystacking facilities, like marinas, are viewed by Elizabeth City as potential important
' support resources for recreational boating and possible urban economic development.
Agriculture
t
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 189 of 270
' Appendices

• The City of Elizabeth City recognizes that there may be significant lands considered
valuable for farming located within its jurisdictional boundaries. However, the City does
not deem it necessary to propose any special management policies for these lands at
this time. In many cases they already contain urban development and/or are being used
for non -farm purposes.
Redevelopment of Developed Areas
• The two principle focuses under this issue are existing residential and commercial
development. There are several older residential neighborhoods within the City's
jurisdiction which are subject to blighting influences. The other principal focus of
concern is older commercial development --especially in the downtown area and along
the Pasquotank River. A private non-profit downtown redevelopment agency, i.e.
Elizabeth City Downtown Inc., has become very active in promoting downtown
redevelopment. Redevelopment will be a key area of concern for this agency, consistent
with the commitment of the City of Elizabeth City.
Commitment to State and Federal Programs
• There are a number of state and federal programs which are important to Elizabeth City.
Many, such as erosion control programs of the USDA Natural Resources Conservation
Service, NCDOT road and bridge maintenance, repair and replacement programs;
estuarine beach and waterfront access development programs, etc., provide valuable
direct benefits to the City.
Tourism
• In recent years, travel and tourism expenditures have been as significant in Elizabeth
City/Pasquotank County as in other coastal areas. However, the City recognizes the
potential, especially with attractive waterfront development.
Summary of General Issues (Source: p. 24, 1996 LUP)
• Safeguarding industrial park sites from encroachment by incompatible land uses
• Making farmland productivity a consideration in land use and zoning decisions
• Adopting a five-year capital improvements program
• Controlling runoff (quality and quantity) from new development
• Continuing support for CDBG (Community Development Block Grant) projects
• Safeguarding public waterfront access from encroachment by non -water dependent land
uses
• Discouraging urban sprawl by zoning to protect highway capacity
• Adopting access controls in cooperation with the NCDOT
• More effective storm hazard mitigation and post disaster planning
• Safeguarding historical and archaeological treasures
• Determining the threat posed by hazardous wastes being transported through the
County on its roadways and waterways
• Designating environmentally fragile areas as conservation zones
• Formalizing the cooperation with Elizabeth City in regulating land uses within the flight
approaches to the Coast Guard Air Station
• Supporting state and federal programs that protect the environment or enhance the
quality of life
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 190 of 270
Appendices

Appendix D
Soil Characteristics
This Appendix contains the following soils data prepared by the Natural Resources
Conservation Service, US Department of Agriculture:
D1 Map Unit Legend. A description of soil name by soil map symbol.
D2 Sewage Disposal. Rating classes and limiting features for septic tank absorption
fields and sewage lagoons.
D3 Dwellings and Small Commercial Buildings. Rating classes and limiting features for
' dwellings without basements, dwellings with basements, and small commercial
buildings.
D4 Prime Farmland. Delineates soils that are classified as prime farmland.
D5 Hydric Soils. Delineates soils that are classified as hydric soils.
Soils maps and information are available at the offices of the Natural Resources Conservation
Service located at:
' Beechtree Plaza
1023-5 US Highway 17 South
Elizabeth City, NC
252-338-6353
Pasquotank County / Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 191 of 270
Appendices

Appendix E
Maps and Data Available at the Pasquotank County and Elizabeth City Planning Departments
Maps
1. General Location Map
2. Township Map
3. Natural Features Map
4. Environmental Conditions Composite Map
5. Existing Land Use Map
6. Water and Wastewater Systems Map
7. Transportation Systems Map
8. Storm water Management Systems Map
9. Land Suitability Map
10. Future Land Use Map
11. Prime Farmland based upon USDA soil classifications
12. Storm Surge Areas
13. Flood Hazard Areas
14. Wetlands Areas
15. Developed Lands
Data
1. CD of Land Use Plan Document
2. Electronic map data
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 192 of 270
Appendices

k
I
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1
Appendix F
Water Quality Classifications in Pasquotank Co
Name of Stream
Current
Classification
Date
Basin
Stream Index #
Albemarle Sound
SB
07/01/73
Pasquotank
30
Pasquotank River
WS-IV;Sw
08/01/98
Pasquotank
30-3- 1
Newland Drainage
Canal
C;Sw
09/01/74
Pasquotank
30-3-1.5
Pasquotank River
WS-IV;Sw
08/01/98
Pasquotank
30-3- 3
Pasquotank River
WS-IV;Sw;C
08/03/92
Pasquotank
30-3- 5
Pasquotank River
C;Sw
04/06/61
Pasquotank
30-3- 5.5
Pasquotank River
SC
04/06/61
Pasquotank
30-3- 7
Knobbs Creek
C;Sw
09/01/74
Pasquotank
30-3-8
Poindexter Creek
C;Sw
01/01/85
Pasquotank
30-3-9
Unnamed tributary
at mcMorin Street
C;Sw
01/01/85
Pasquotank
30-3-10
Charles Creek
C;Sw
03/01/77
Pasquotank
30-3-11
Pasquotank River
SB
04/06/61
Pasquotank
30-3- 12
Pasquotank River
SC
04/06/61
Pasquotank
30-3- 15
New Begun Creek
C;Sw
03/01/77
Pasquotank
30-3-16- 1
New Begun Creek
SC
04/06/61
Pasquotank
30-3-16- 2
Wilson Creek
C;Sw
04/06/61
Pasquotank
30-3-16-3
Little Flatty Creek
SC
04/06/61
Pasquotank
30-3-18
Big Flatty Creek
SC
04/06/61
Pasquotank
30-4
Chapel Creek
C;Sw
09/01/74
Pasquotank
30-4-1- 1
Chapel Creek
SC
04/06/61
Pasquotank
30-4-1- 2
Dam Creek
SC
04/06/61
Pasquotank
30-4-2
Little River
C;Sw
04/06/61
Pasquotank
30-5- 1
Little River
SC
04/06/61
Pasquotank
30-5- 2
Halls Creek
C;Sw
04/06/61
Pasquotank
30-5-3
Symonds Creek
(Swamp Creek
C;Sw
09/01/74
Pasquotank
30-5-5-(1)
Symonds Creek
(Swamp Creek
SC
04/06/61
Pasquotank
30-5-5-(2)
Matthews Creek
C;Sw
09/01/74
Pasquotank
30-5-5-3
' Source: NC Division of Water Quality
* http://www.co.pasquotank.nc.us/camaNVaterqualityclassification.pdf
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 193 of 270
' Appendices

Appendix G
Natural Area and Rare Species Inventory
Pasquotank County
Major
Scientific Name
I
Common
I
State
Federal
I
State
I
Global
Count
I
Group
Name
Status
Status
Rank
Rank
Status
SynaDismal
Swamp
Current -
Mammal
cooped helamys
cooperi helaletes
Southern Bog
SR
-
S2
G5T3
Pasquotank
Lemming
Bird
Haliaeetus
I leucocephalus
Bald Eagle
T
T (PD)
S3B,S3N
G4
Current -
Pasquotank
Reptile
I Crotalus horridus
Timber
SC
-
S3
G4
Obscure -
Rattlesnake
Pas uoq tank
Fish
Acipenser
brevirostrum
Shortnose
Sturgeon
E
E
S1
G3
Historic -
, Pasquotank
Vascular
Heteranthera
Multiflowered
SR-P
-
S1
I G4
I Historic -
Plant
multiflora
Mud -plantain .
i
L
Pasquotank
Vascular
Lilaeopsis
Carolina
T
-
S3
I
G3G5
Current -
Plant
carolinensis
Grasswort
Pasquotank
Vascular
Ludwigia alata
Winged
SR-P
E -
S2
G4
Current -
Plant
Seedbox
Pasquotank
_
e Estuarine Fringe g
Loblolly Pine
-
-
!
i -
�
S3
G3?
Current -
Community
Pasquotank
Forest
_
_
Mesic Mixed
E
Natural
Hardwood Forest
S4
G5T5
Current -
Communit y
( Coastal Plain
;
�
Pasquotank
Subtypes
—
I �
I
Natural
Nonriverine
-
-
S2S3
G2G3
Current -
m
Comunity
. Swamp Forest
Pasquotank
Natural
Nonriverine Wet
_
S1
G1
Current -
Community_
_
Hardwood Forest
Pasquotank
Natural
Community
Peatland Atlantic
IWhite Cedar
i Forest
-
-
-
S2
G2
Historic -
Pasquotank
Natural
I Tidal Cypress--
S3
` G4
Current -
Com_munity_
Gum Swamp
—
Pasquotank
Natural
Tidal Freshwater
I -
-
j -
; S2S3
G4
Current -
CommunityMarsh
Pasquotank
Source: North Carolina Natural Heritage Program. NCNHP database updated. January, 2004. Search performed on
Friday, July 9, 2004 at 15:15.25 Eastern Standard Time.
Explanation of Codes for County and Quad Status Lists
The county and quadrangle status lists provided by the NC Natural Heritage Program tally the
elements of natural diversity (rare plants and animals, rare and exemplary natural communities,
and special animal habitats) known to occur in all North Carolina counties and USGS 7.5-minute
quadrangles. The information on which these lists is based comes from a variety of sources,
including field surveys, museums, herbaria, scientific literature, and personal communications.
These lists are dynamic, with new records continually being added and old records being
revised as new information is received. As a result, a list cannot be considered a definitive
record of the elements of natural diversity present in a given county or quad and should not be
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 194 of 270
Appendices

used as a substitute for field surveys. When this information is used in any document, we
request that the -date this list was compiled be given and that the NC Natural Heritage Program
be credited.
STATE STATUS
CODE STATUS — CODE STATUS
L J Endangered SR IlSignificantly Rare
QT Threatened I EX Extirpated
SC Special P_ Proposed (used only as a qualifier of the
Concern71 ranks above)
©lCandidate ( �I
' NOTE: the definitions of state statuses of plants and animals differ. Below are summaries of the statuses for each
group.
Plant statuses are determined by the Plant Conservation Program (NC Department of
Agriculture) and the Natural Heritage Program (NC Department of Environment and Natural
Resources). Endangered, Threatened, and Special Concern species are protected by state law
(Plant Protection and Conservation Act, 1979). Candidate and Significantly Rare designations
indicate rarity and the need for population monitoring and conservation action. Note that plants
can have a double status, e.g., E-SC, indicates that while the plant is endangered, it is collected
' or sold under regulation.
L
L
I
I
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 195 of 270
' Appendices

CODE
STATUS—�
DEFINITION
E
Endangered
"Any species or higher taxon of plant whose continued existence as a viable component of the State's flora
is determined to be in jeopardy" (GS 19B 106: 202.12). (Endangered species may not be removed from the!
wild except when a permit is obtained for research, propagation, or rescue which will enhance the survival
of the species.)
T
Threatened
"Any resident species of plant which is likely to become an endangered species within the foreseeable
future throughout all or a significant portion of its range" (GS 19B 106:202.12). (Regulations are the same
as for Endangered species.)
SC
Special Concern
"Any species of plant in North Carolina which requires monitoring but which may be collected and sold
under regulations adopted under the provisions of [the Plant Protection and Conservation Act]" (GS 19B j
106:202.12). (Special Concern species which are not also listed as Endangered or Threatened may be
collected from the wild and sold under specific regulations. Propagated material only of Special Concern
species which are also listed as Endangered or Threatened may be traded or sold under specific
regulations.)
C
Candidate
Species which are very rare in North Carolina, generally with 1-20 populations in the state, generally
substantially reduced in numbers by habitat destruction (and sometimes also by direct exploitation or
disease). These species are also either rare throughout their ranges (fewer than 100 population's total) or
disjunct in North Carolina from a main range in a different part of the country or world. Also included are
species which may have 20-50 populations in North Carolina, but fewer than 50 population's range wide.
These are species which have the preponderance of their distribution in North Carolina and whose fate
depends largely on their conservation here. Also included are many species known to have once occurred
in North Carolina but with no known extant occurrences in the state (historical or extirpated species); if
these species are relocated in the state, they are likely to be listed as Endangered or Threatened. If present:
_
land use trends continue, candidate species are likely to merit listing as Endangered or Threatened.
SR
Significantly
Species which are very rare in North Carolina, generally with 1-20 populations in the state, generally
Rare
substantially reduced in numbers by habitat destruction (and sometimes also by direct exploitation or
disease). These species are generally more common somewhere else in their ranges, occurring in North
Carolina peripherally to their main ranges, mostly in habitats which are unusual in North Carolina. Also j
included are some species with 20-100 populations in North Carolina, if they also have only 50-100
populations range wide and are declining.
-L
Limited
The range of the species is limited to North Carolina and adjacent states (endemic or near endemic).
These are species which may have 20-50 populations in North Carolina, but fewer than 50 populations
Pasquotank County/Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 196 of270
Appendices

CODE STATU
I DEFINITION
range wide. The preponderance of their distribution is in North Carolina and their fate depends largely on
conservation here. Also included are some species with 20-100 populations in North Carolina, if they also
have only 50-100 populations range wide and declining. III
L' Throughout These species are rare throughout their ranges (fewer than 100 populations total)
-D ;Disjunct 1 The species is disjunct to NC from a main range in a different part of the country or world.
-P
Peripheral
The species is at the periphery of its range in NC. These species are generally more common somewhere
else in their ranges, occurring in North Carolina peripherally to their main ranges, mostly in habitats which
are unusual in North Carolina. _
Lod Other The range of the species is sporadic or cannot be described by the other Significantly Rare categories
P_
Proposed ^
A species which has been formally proposed for listing as Endangered, Threatened, or Special Concern,
yet completed the legally mandated listing process.
Pasquotank County/Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 197 of 270
Appendices

Animal statuses are determined by the Wildlife Resources Commission and the Natural Heritage Program. Endangered, Threatened,
and Special Concern species of mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, freshwater fishes, and freshwater and terrestrial mollusks
have legal protection status in North Carolina (Wildlife Resources Commission). The Significantly Rare designation indicates rarity
and the need for population monitoring and conservation action.
CODE
STATUS
DEFINITION
E
Endangered
"Any native or once -native species of wild animal whose continued existence as a viable component of the
State's fauna is determined by the Wildlife Resources Commission to be in jeopardy or any species of wild j
animal determined to be an 'endangered species' pursuant to the Endangered Species Act." (Article 25 of
Chapter 113 of the General Statutes; 1987).
T
Threatened
"Any native or once -native species of wild animal which is likely to become an endangered species within
the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of its range, or one that is designated as a
threatened species pursuant to the Endangered Species Act." (Article 25 of Chapter 113 of the General
Statutes; 1987).
SC
Special Concern
"Any species of wild animal native or once -native to North Carolina which is determined by the Wildlife
Resources Commission to require monitoring but which may be taken under regulations adopted under the
provisions of this Article." (Article 25 of Chapter 113 of the General Statutes; 1987).
SR
Significantly
Any species which has not been listed by the N.C. Wildlife Resources Commission as an Endangered,
Rare
Threatened, or Special Concern species, but which exists in the state in small numbers and has been
determined by the N.C. Natural Heritage Program to need monitoring. (This is a N.C. Natural Heritage
Program designation.) Significantly Rare species include "peripheral" species, whereby North Carolina lies
at the periphery of the species' range (such as Hermit Thrush). The designation also includes marine and
estuarine fishes identified as "Vulnerable" by the N.C. State Museum of Biological Sciences (Ross et al.,
1988, Endangered, Threatened, and Rare Fauna of North Carolina. Part II. A Reevaluation of the Marine
and Estuarine Fishes)).
Y
�EX i
i
Extirpated
A species which is no longer believed to occur in the state.
P_ 1
Proposed —'
Species has been proposed by a Scientific Council as a status (Endangered, Threatened, Special Concern,
Watch List, or for De -listing) that is different from the current status, but the status has not yet been
adopted by the Wildlife Resources Commission and by the General Assembly as law. In the lists of rare
species in this book, these proposed statuses are listed in parentheses below the current status. Only
those proposed statuses that are different from the current statuses are listed.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 198 of 270
Appendices

M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M ! M M
FEDERAL STATUS
These statuses are designated by the US Fish and Wildlife Service. Federally listed Endangered and Threatened species are
protected under the provisions of the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended through the 100th Congress. Unless otherwise
noted, definitions are taken from the Federal Register, Vol. 56, No. 225, November 21, 1991 (50 CFR Part 17).
CODE STATUS —� DEFINITION 1
Endangered A taxon "in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range."
T !
Threatened
A taxon 'likely to become an endangered species within the foreseeable future throughout all or a
C
significant portion of its range."
EXN
Endangered, nonessential
The Endangered Species Act permits the reintroduction of endangered animals as "nonessential
experimental population.
experimental' populations. Such populations, considered nonessential to the survival of the
species, are managed with fewer restrictions than populations listed as endangered. j
T(S/A)
Threatened due to
The Endangered Species Act authorizes the treatment of a species (subspecies or population
Similarity of Appearance.
segment) as threatened even though it is not otherwise listed as threatened if: (a) The species so
closely resembles in appearance a threatened species that enforcement personnel would have
substantial difficulty in differentiating between the listed and unlisted species; (b) the effect of this
substantial difficulty is an additional threat to a threatened species; and (c) such treatment of an
unlisted species will substantially facilitate the enforcement and further the policy of the Act. The
American Alligator has this designation due to similarity of appearance to other rare crocodilians.
The Bog Turtle (southern population) has this designation due to similarity of appearance to Bog
Turtles in the threatened northern population.
C
Candidate.
A taxon under consideration for which there is sufficient information to support listing. This
category was formerly designated as a Candidate 1 (Cl) species.
Federal "Species of
(Also called "Species at Risk"). Formerly defined as a taxon under consideration for which there is
❑FSC
Concern" _
insufficient information to support listing; formerly designated as a Candidate 2 (C2) species_.
PE
Proposed Endangered ;
Species has been proposed for listing as endangered.
PD
Proposed De -listed ;Species
has been proposed for de -listing___ v
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 199 of 270
Appendices

GLOBAL AND STATE RANKS
These ranks are determined by The Nature Conservancy's system of measuring rarity and
threat status. "Global" refers to worldwide ranks and "State" to statewide ranks.
STATE
RANK
DEFINITIONS
jS1
i
Critically imperiled in North Carolina because of extreme rarity or otherwise very vulnerable to
extirpation in the state. _
S2 Imperiled North Carolina because of rarity or otherwise vulnerable to extirpation in the state
S3
Rare or uncommon in North Carolina.
S4 Apparently secure in North Carolina, with many occurrences.
S5 Demonstrably secure in North Carolina and essentially ineradicable under present conditions.
SA Accidental or casual; one to several records for North Carolina, but the state is outside the
normal range of the species.
SH
Of historical occurrence in North Carolina, perhaps not having been verified in the past 25 years,
and suspected to be still extant in the state. _
rR—
Reported from North Carolina, but without persuasive documentation for either accepting or
rejecting the report.
SX IBelieved to_be extirpated from North Carolina.
SU IlPossibly in peril in North Carolina, but status uncertain; more information is needed.
S? _ - Unranked, or rank uncertain. j
S_B Rank of breeding population in the state. Used for migratory species only. j
S_N IlRank of non -breeding population in the state. Used for migratory species only.
SZ_ Population is not of significant conservation concern; applies to transitory, migratory species.
GLOBAL DEFINITIONS
RANK
G1
Critically imperiled globally because of extreme rarity or otherwise very vulnerable to extinction
throughout its range.
G2 Imperiled globally because of rarity or otherwise vulnerable to extinction throughout its range.
G3 Either very rare and local throughout its range, or found locally in a restricted area.
G4
Apparently secure globally, although it may be quite rare in parts of its range (especially at the
periphery).
5
F
Demonstrably secure globally, although it may be quite rare in parts of its range (especially at the
periphery)__ _
GH Of historical occurrence throughout its range.
GX _ Believed to be extinct throughout its range
GU Possibly in peril, but status uncertain; more information is needed. J
G? Unranked, or rank uncertain.
G_Q Of questionable taxonomic status.
G T_
Status of subspecies or variety; the G-rank refers to the species as a whole, the T-rank to the
subspecies.
Pasquotank County/Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 200 of 270 '
Appendices

ADDITIONAL DEFINITIONS
Elements within a county or quad are subdivided into "Current", "Historic", "Obscure" or
"Potential" records.
Current record: the element was last observed in the county or quad at most 20 years ago.
Historic record: the element was last observed in the county or quad more than 20 years ago.
Obscure record: the date the element was last observed in the county or quad is uncertain.
Potential record: the element has the potential to be found in the county or quad.
NOTE: Scientific and common names listed in parentheses are synonyms listed in US Fish and
Wildlife Service, 1992, Endangered and Threatened Species of the Southeastern United States
(The Red Book).
Pasquotank County/Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 201 of 270
Appendices

Appendix H
Outcommuting Patterns
2000
Destination of Workers
Leaving Pasquotank County
% of All
for Work
Number
Workers
Bertie Co. NC
30
0.2%
Camden Co. NC
191
1.3%
Chowan Co. NC
227
1.6%
Cleveland Co. NC
6
0.0%
Currituck Co. NC
340
2.3%
Dare Co. NC
453
3.1 %
Durham Co. NC
4
0.0%
Edgecombe Co. NC
7
0.0%
Gates Co. NC
98
0.7%
Hertford Co. NC
19
0.1 %
Hyde Co. NC
11
0.1 %
Martin Co. NC
9
0.1 %
Mecklenburg Co. NC
14
0.1 %
Pasquotank Co. NC
11,224
77.1%
Perquimans Co. NC
360
2.5%
Pitt Co. NC
40
0.3%
Swain Co. NC
8
0.1 %
Wake Co. NC
5
0.0%
Washington Co. NC
74
0.5%
Chesterfield Co. VA
8
0.1 %
Fairfax Co. VA
8
0.1 %
Henrico Co. VA
14
0.1 %
Isle of Wight Co. VA
7
0.0%
James City Co. VA
7
0.0%
Loudoun Co. VA
7
0.0%
Southampton Co. VA
4
0.0%
Chesapeake VA
326
2.2%
Hampton VA
6
0.0%
Newport News VA
147
1.0%
Norfolk VA
293
2.0%
Portsmouth VA
214
1.5%
Suffolk VA
21
0.1%
Virginia Beach VA
231
1.6%
Elsewhere
139
1.0%
Total Workers
14,552
100.0%
within Pasquotank Co.
11,224
77.1%
outside Pasquotank Co.
3,328
29.7%
to VA
1,293
38.9%
to other than VA
2,035
61.1 %
Source: US Census Bureau
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 202 of 270 '
Appendices

Incommuting Patterns
2000
Residence of
Workers Coming
Into Pasquotank
County for Work
Beaufort Co. NC
Bertie Co. NC
Camden Co. NC
Chowan Co. NC
Columbus Co. NC
Cumberland Co.
NC
Currituck Co. NC
Dare Co. NC
Davidson Co. NC
Gates Co. NC
Guilford Co. NC
Halifax Co. NC
Hertford Co. NC
Hyde Co. NC
Johnston Co. NC
Lenoir Co. NC
Mecklenburg Co.
NC
Moore Co. NC
New Hanover Co.
NC
Northampton Co.
NC
Perquimans Co.
NC
Pitt Co. NC
Randolph Co. NC
Tyrrell Co. NC
Wake Co. NC
Washington Co. NC
Chesapeake VA
Norfolk VA
Suffolk VA
Virginia Beach VA
Total
From other NC
County
From Virginia
% of All
Number
Workers
14
0.3%
38
0.8%
1,289
27.9%
413
9.0%
8
0.2%
18
0.4%
428
9.3%
138
3.0%
8
0.2%
190
4.1 %
21
0.5%
12
0.3%
17
0.4%
6
0.1 %
9
0.2%
8
0.2%
11 0.2%
8 0.2%
14 0.3%
11 0.2%
1,418
30.7%
10
0.2%
6
0.1 %
26
0.6%
7
0.2%
35
0.8%
289
6.3%
57
1.2%
20
0.4%
85
1.8%
4,614
100.0%
4,163
90.2%
451
9.8%
Source: US Census Bureau
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 203 of 270
Appendices

Historical Commuting Patterns
1970-2000
Camden, NC
75
193
187
191
Chowan, NC
48
137
113
227
Currituck, NC
68
112
168
340
'
Dare, NC
54
85
324
453
Edgecombe, NC
0
0
23
7
Gates, NC
7
63
29
98
'
Hertford, NC
11
0
0
19
Martin, NC
7
0
52
9
Mecklenburg, NC
0
0
188
14
Pasquotank, NC
7,205
8,626
10,041
11,224
'
Perquimans, NC
88
209
227
360
Washington, NC
8
0
25
74
Chesapeake (Independent City), VA
46
213
404
326
'
Hampton (Independent City), VA
0
21
14
6
Newport News (Independent City), VA
0
109
66
147
Norfolk (Independent City), VA
387
286
438
293
'
Portsmouth (Independent City), VA
229
259
308
214
Suffolk (Independent City), VA
13
19
20
21
Virginia Beach (Independent City), VA
50
13
139
231
,
Elsewhere
217
836
309
298
Not Available
1,363
0
0
0
Totals
9,876
11,181
13,075
14,552
,
within Pasquotank County
7,205
8,626
10,041
11,224
outside Pasquotank County
2,671
2,555
3,034
3,328
to VA
725
920
1,389
1,238
'
to other than VA 1
1,946
1,635
1 1,645
1 2,090
Sources: US Census Bureau and the US Bureau of Economic Analysis
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 204 of270
Appendices

IAppendix I
Evaluation of 1994 Elizabeth City and 1996 Pasquotank County CAMA Land Use Plan Policies
I
and Implementation Strategies
' 1994 Issue: Land Use
a. Annexation/expansion of area within City's jurisdiction.
' b. Land Use regulations to affect Land Use Patterns
C. Others
' 1994 Policies:
• In the interest of long-term development management and both consistency and
continuity of the extension of utilities i.e., water and sewer services, Elizabeth City will
maintain a policy of annexation for appropriate developing areas. `Appropriate' shall
' include those areas meeting the state's statutory requirements for annexation and/or
those areas receiving or requesting City services, i.e., water and sewer.
'
• The City believes that consistent and uniform land use controls, through Zoning,
Subdivision Regulations, Building Inspections, etc., should eventually be applied
throughout the Elizabeth City 'Sphere of Influence.' This area is the extra -urban
'
boundary over which the City would eventually like to exercise jurisdictional authority
and was adopted by the City Council in 1992. This will help ensure more uniform and
orderly land development and facilitate the efficient and economical extension of urban
services.
• The City believes that future land development patterns should be done so as to
enhance the City's natural scenic and aesthetic qualities. This policy shall especially
apply to any development relating to the Pasquotank River and to commercial activities
along the major thoroughfares.
'
• Elizabeth City will continue to seek elimination of blighting influences throughout the
City, such as outdoor junk, trash, abandoned automobiles, cluttered vacant lots.
'
• Elizabeth City believes that future land development should be completed in a manner
so as to be compatible with existing special natural and cultural resources. (See policies
on 'Resource Protection).
'
• In adopting the 1990 Airport Area Zoning Ordinance, the City recognized the importance
of airport land use compatibility. The City will continue to enforce its Airport Area Zoning
'
Ordinance.
Evaluation:
' The majority of the City's infrastructure (water and sewer) is 50-70 years old and is in dire
need of replacement. The City has recently experienced numerous sewer spills due to
the age and condition of outdated infrastructure. The Public Works Director prepared a
Capital Improvement Plan in 2002 that identified 44.5 million dollars of improvements to
the City's infrastructure. The City borrowed 8.1 million dollars to provide sewer to the
citizens located in areas that were annexed in 1998. This money could have been spent
' to improve the infrastructure in the existing City limits. The City Council should consider
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 205 of 270
Appendices

upgrading the infrastructure within the City limits prior to annexing any residential
properties into the City limits.
The City Council should request that the Pasquotank County Board of Commissioners
extend the Extraterritorial Jurisdiction (ETJ) to two (2) miles beyond the City Limits. The
last annexation in 1998 incorporated the majority of the ETJ along U. S. Highway 17
North and South. The City's development regulations should be controlling in these
areas to eliminate a proliferation of nonconforming uses when these areas are annexed
into the City.
The City hired a Code Enforcement Officer in 2001 to concentrate on the abatement of
junk and abandoned vehicles. However, the Junk Ordinance cannot be enforced in the
ETJ because it is a City Ordinance that applies only to properties located in the City
limits. The County is still the responsible agency for the enforcement of junk and
abandoned vehicles in the ETJ.
The City continues to support the policies concerning the Airport Area Zoning. To this
end, the City and County jointly approved a "Height Restriction Ordinance" in 1999 to
ensure unobstructed approaches to the U. S. Coast Guard Base and the Regional Airport.
1994 Issue: Economic Development
a. Further diversify employment base by recruiting higher -paying employers, industry, etc.
b. Emphasize, seek to enhance City's role as a regional center.
c. Promote tourism, with special events, activities, etc.
d. Location and types of industries.
e. Provision of infrastructure for economic development.
f. Others.
1994 Policies:
Elizabeth City is very concerned about its economic future and the impact of economic
development on all of its citizens. As a matter of policy, the City will pursue a balanced
approach, seeking to diversify its economic base by seeking to increase opportunities in
the areas of industrial/manufacturing; commercial/retail development, and tourism. In
the recruitment of industrial/manufacturing activities, the City will work jointly with
Pasquotank County.
The City wants to both enhance and capitalize on its potential as a regional
commercial/retail center.
• The City recognizes the connection between economic development and the provision of
necessary infrastructure, i.e. water, sewer, proper transportation access, etc. Elizabeth
City will seek to provide necessary infrastructure to support development, within the
constraints of its economic capacity, and support state and/or federal efforts to do the
same. (See policies on `Public Facilities and Transportation).
The City's economic development efforts will continue to include a balanced emphasis
on downtown revitalization (including rehabilitation/reuse of vacant, usable buildings),
and development in areas away from the downtown.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 206 of 270
Appendices

• The preferred industrial/manufacturing sites will be the City's industrial parks.
' • Elizabeth City will continue to support the airport and related improvements (consistent
with its airport -land use compatibility regulations) in recognition of the airport's potential
' importance to the City's economic future.
• The City recognizes the importance of proper workforce development, i.e., job training,
' to Economic Development. The City believes that a cooperative relationship should be
established between the Industrial Development Commission, the College of the
Albemarle and Elizabeth City State University, in helping to develop a trained workforce.
' Evaluation:
The City, Pasquotank and Camden Counties are members of the Albemarle Economic
Development Commission (AEDC). The AEDC is governed by a board that is comprised
' of representatives from each of the three governments. The Board establishes economic
policies for Elizabeth City and Pasquotank and Camden Counties. The AEDC decided
that the preferred industriallmanufacturing sites are no longer located in Elizabeth City. A
' 4,000 acre tract west of the City has been identified as the "Mega Site" for future
industrial development.
' In an effort to promote and support growth in Elizabeth City, the City invested 20 million
dollars to improve its water and wastewater facility plants. Also, the availability of natural
gas, the improvement of U.S. Highway 17 South, construction of the bypass, and future
improvement of U. S. Highway 17 North in Virginia will significantly affect growth in
Elizabeth City.
The City of Elizabeth City continues to provide funding annually to the Regional Airport
' to improve the infrastructure at this facility to enable it to handle the increase demand
associated with the region's growth.
' 1994 Issue: Types and Location of Desired Industries
The single major employer in Elizabeth City's economy is the US Coast Guard Station, a fact
t which the City and County both appreciate. However, both the City and County recognize the
need to develop a more diversified economic base. Additional industrial development offers one
solution to the area's economic diversification needs.
' 1994 Policies:
• It is the policy of the City of Elizabeth City to continue to work cooperatively with the
' Industrial Development Commission and the City's Chamber of Commerce to attract
new industries to the area.
' Elizabeth City would prefer to see industries developed which would be neither
excessive consumers of water resources or cause excessive discharge into its streams.
In other words, relatively 'dry' low pollution, light manufacturing and/or assembly
' industries would be preferable.
• The preferred location would be in existing industrial parks or other suitable sites in
accordance with the City's Zoning Ordinance. The City, in conjunction with the County,
' Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 207 of 270
Appendices

would like to develop an additional industrial park or parks, according to the following
standards:
1. Provide an assessment of the impact of the development
of industry and require the use of the best available
technology to avoid air or water pollution during
construction or operation.
2. Be located on land having stable, well -drained soils. The
sites should be located in areas adequately protected from
flooding and be accessible to existing public utilities and
transportation routes.
• Elizabeth City, along with the County will provide, as much as is locationally and
economically feasible, basic support services such as water and sewer to newly locating
industries.
Evaluation:
The City, Pasquotank and Camden Counties are members of the Albemarle Economic
Development Commission (AEDC). The AEDC is governed by a board that is comprised
of representatives from each of the three governments. The Board establishes economic
policies for Elizabeth City and Pasquotank and Camden Counties.
1994 Issue: Public Facilities
a. In the long term, should the City seek alternative sources of raw water other than the '
well fields and the Pasquotank River?
b. Although the existing water plant has the capacity to treat sufficient amounts of water to
serve the projected 10-year population increase, the City may wish to begin planning for
long-term improvements.
C. Sewer services appear to be adequate presently. However, the historical problems of
inflowlinfiltration and difficulties in meeting discharge limitations signal a need to
continue sewer improvement plans.
d. Providing recreational facilities accessible to all of the population.
e. Development of a trails and greenways system.
f. Continuation of the provision of recreation service to residents of both Pasquotank and
Camden Counties.
g. The City's support of and participation in a regional solid waste disposal program,
including regional landfill.
h. Providing increased levels of fire and police personnel, commensurate with population
growth.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 208 of 270
Appendices

I
I
I
The City supporting expansion of school capacity to meet anticipated growth in school -
age population.
1994 Water/Sewer Policies:
• The City recognizes the vital importance and need of basic services, such as water and
sewer, to support growth and development. Therefore, Elizabeth City will continue to
assess and plan for necessary water and sewer facility improvements for anticipated
future growth and development.
• Elizabeth City, recognizing the potential limitations on its existing sources of raw water,
i.e. the City well fields, and the Pasquotank River, will initiate efforts to identify,
alternative sources of raw water. This will likely include engineering and hydrogeological
studies.
• Although a number of improvements have been made to the Elizabeth City sewer
treatment facility in order to meet regulated treatment and discharge criteria there are
still concerns about the system's longtime viability. As a current and pressing policy
concern, the City has already initiated the process to upgrade the existing system, and
to eventually construct a new facility.
' • The extension of City water and sewer services into previously unserved areas will be
done in light of and consistent with the City's overall land development policies for the
sake of efficiency and economy.
• As a matter of general policy, and to the extent feasible, the extension of City water and
sewer will be financed by those who benefit directly from the service.
Evaluation:
The City of Elizabeth City recognizes the need to seek an alternative source of raw water
other than wells. Therefore, the Public Works Director recommends that the City
construct deep wells to allow for the implementation of a reverse osmoses system within
a 10-year period. The Public Works Director has also recommended that preliminary
engineering reports be produced regarding the inflow/infiltration repairs for Grice,
Dawson, and Grace Streets sub -basins within a 5-year period. In an effort to promote and
support growth in Elizabeth City, the City invested 20 million dollars to improve its water
and wastewater facility plants.
The City of Elizabeth City continues to support action items d-i.
1994 Recreation Policies:
• The City will support and seek to implement the goals and objectives of the new
Recreation Master Plan, expected to be complete in FY `93-94.
• Elizabeth City will seek to improve the accessibility of open space and recreational
facilities for more of the City's residents, by recommending that the Recreation Master
Plan include goals for additional neighborhood/community parks, totlots, and swimming
Pools.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan
Appendices
Page 209 of 270

• Elizabeth City will initiate discussions with Pasquotank, Camden, and Currituck counties,
in order to explore the feasibility of developing a Regional Park facility.
• The City remains committed to the development of an open space-greenway system
which connects Knobbs Creek, Charles Creek, and the Pasquotank River and scenic
canoe trails, as have been proposed in several previous studies.
1994 Solid Waste Policies
• Recognizing the potential constraints to the development of new landfills, due to the
recent state and federal environmental regulations, Elizabeth City supports the concept
of a 'regional' solution for solid waste disposal.
Evaluation:
The City of Elizabeth City continues to support the policies outlined above.
1994 Police and Fire Protection Policies
• The City is committed to the provision of adequate police and fire services to all of its
residents. This will include providing increased personnel as the City's population
increases, (both permanent and transient/ population) including regional shoppers.
Evaluation:
The City of Elizabeth City continues to support the policy outlined above.
1994 School Policies
• In order to meet projected demands caused by an anticipated increase in the school -age
population, additional facilities will likely need to be constructed. Elizabeth City is
supportive of such necessary expansion.
Evaluation:
The City of Elizabeth City continues to support the policy outlined above.
1994 issue: Housing
a. Continued and specific efforts to facilitate both housing affordability and home
ownership.
b. Review of local Land Use controls, relative to restrictions on housing development.
1994 Policies:
• The City of Elizabeth City is committed to helping ensure a variety of housing types
affordable to a broad range of income levels, but especially to low- and moderate -
income persons.
• The City also wants to see enhanced opportunities for home -ownership made available
to lower -income residents.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 210 of 270
Appendices

• Elizabeth City will continue to support activities and programs, which focus on `recycling'
or otherwise maintaining the existing usable housing stock, especially historically
significant structures.
' • The City will continue to explore the feasibility of reducing overall residential
development costs, both owner and renter units, through modification of land use
regulations and controls.
' Evaluation:
In 2002, the City of Elizabeth City received a 1.75 million -dollar grant from the Department
of Community Assistance. The grant will be administered over a five (5) year period. The
' money will be used in the Hugh -Cale area to build new single-family dwellings,
rehabilitate single-family dwellings, expand the homeless shelter located on South Road
Street, and construct a new incubator and community building. The grant will be
' implemented by the Elizabeth City Neighborhood Corporation and Elizabeth City OIC.
The Community Development Division continues to partner with the local nonprofit
organizations and Elizabeth City State University Community Development Department
to provide down payment and closing costs assistance to low -moderate income families.
The City of Elizabeth City and Pasquotank County are currently partnering in a $400,000
' grant to rehabilitate single-family dwellings in the City and County jurisdictions. The City
of Elizabeth City is also administering a $220,000 grant from the North Carolina Housing
Finance Agency to rehabilitate single-family dwellings in Elizabeth City.
' The City of Elizabeth City Unified Development Ordinance, adopted in 1999, includes
several provisions that allow the front and rear yard setback requirements to be reduced
in older neighborhoods to accommodate the development of inner City lots. The UDO
also includes the "Neighborhood Conservation Overlay District" that permits a developer
to construct structures in conformity with existing development in the overlay district.
1994Issue': Transportation
a. Support of the proposed new U.S. 17 Bypass and other local thoroughfare
improvements.
b. Support on inclusion of pedestrian and bicycle access improvements in any planned
road improvements.
C. Accelerate the updating the City's Thoroughfare Plan.
d. Support of an additional major North -South cross-town connector.
' 1994 Policies:
• Elizabeth City recognizes the important link between adequate transportation facilities
and economic development. As such, the City supports the proposed NCDOT U.S. 17-
Elizabeth City Bypass. However, Elizabeth City believes that the new facility be located
as close to the City as practicable, with appropriate 'connectors' linking the Bypass to
commercial and business areas.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City LAMA Land Use Plan Page 211 of 270
Appendices

• The City also supports the concept of a secondary connecting thoroughfare from the
new bypass around to connect N.C. 34 between the U.S. Coast Guard Station and I
Weeksville.
• The City believes that necessary improvements should be made on a regular basis in '
order to upgrade the capacity of the roadway network to meet increasing traffic
demands.
• Elizabeth City believes that the NCDOT should accelerate the update of the City's
Thoroughfare Plan.
• The City believes that pedestrian and bicycle access improvements should be
incorporated into proposed roadway improvements, to include bikeways, and trails, and
more sidewalks and pedestrian traffic signals. This is especially needful in heavily
commercialized areas.
Evaluation:
The U. S. 17 Bypass was completed recently. The Halstead Boulevard connector is
currently under construction. The City of Elizabeth City Thoroughfare Plan was prepared
by the North Carolina Department of Transportation in 1996.
The City of Elizabeth City continues to support action items b and d.
1994 Issue: Waterfront Development
a. Firm commitment to the re -development of the downtown waterfront as a tourist/historic
resource attraction. This would necessitate the development and adoption of regulatory
ordinances supporting the redevelopment.
b. Specific policies on the development of marina facilities.
C. Balanced development, so that scenic views and vistas are enhanced and maintained.
1994 Policies:
• Elizabeth City, as with several other coastal cities, is beginning to recognize its
downtown riverfront area as a tremendous, but often underdeveloped, attractive
resource. In coordination with its policies for increased tourism and preservation of its
unique historic resources, Elizabeth City is committed to seeing its downtown waterfront
develop into an active, lively, attraction for both tourists and local residents. The City
wants to encourage the orderly development of mixed uses, including retail shops,
places of entertainment, restaurants, boating services, and overnight lodging.
• The City believes that planned waterfront development, consistent with provisions of the
1980 Waterfront Development Study, should be done so that open space and scenic
waterfront views and vistas are preserved and enhanced.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan
Appendices
Page 212 of 270 '

' • The City will continue to support the development of marina facilities for both transient
and local boat traffic. However, development of marina facilities must conform to state,
' local and federal environmental regulations.
• The City further wants to encourage pedestrian access to and utility of the waterfront, in
order to enhance its commercial developmenVtourist attraction potential.
Evaluation:
In 2001, the City Council of Elizabeth City had a Waterfront Master Plan prepared by
' Allison Platt & Associates. This plan includes policies for the development and
redevelopment of properties along the waterfront and Water Street. The City of Elizabeth
City is also in the process of beginning to start construction on the streetscape
' improvements along Main Street.
' 1994 Issue: Cultural Resources
a. Continued support of the historic preservation activities and expansions of the Historic
' Districts.
b. Support for expansion, and/or relocation of the Museum of the Albemarle to a downtown
' waterfront location.
C. Coordination of new, land -disturbing construction with the State Division of Archives and
History, for protection of potential archaeological resources.
' 1994 Policies:
' • Elizabeth City is committed to preservation of its many invaluable historic and cultural
resources. The City will continue to support preservation programs and activities of the
Historic District Commission.
• The City will actively assist in the relocation of the Albemarle Museum to the downtown
area, preferably near the waterfront area.
' • The City will, in general, coordinate all new major land disturbing construction with the
State Division of Archives and History, in order to help protect potential archaeological
resources.
' Evaluation:
A proposal to expand the local historic district north of Elizabeth Street was denied by
' City Council in 1999. However, the City of Elizabeth City continues to support historic
preservation activities. The City Council, at its March 4, 2003 meeting, voted to purchase
a lot on Southern Avenue to relocate a historic structure on Speed Street that was in
' danger of being demolished.
The construction of the new Museum of the Albemarle on Water Street began in 2001.
' However, due to the State's budget crisis, the construction of the museum is not
completed.
Pas uotank Coun /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 213 of 270
9 tY
Appendices

1994 Issue: Natural Resources I
a. Continued protection of the identified Areas of Environmental Concern, with special
concern about development encroaching on the City's well fields.
b. Limit development from undue encroachment on wooded swamplands.
C. Regulate waterfront development so as to better protect surface water quality from
negative effects of urban runoff.
1994 Policies:
• Elizabeth City believes, that the statutory Areas of Environmental Concern (AEC) which
occur within its jurisdiction, i.e., Coastal Wetlands, Estuarine Waters, Estuarine
Shorelines and Public Trust Waters should be protected from undue encroachment in
order to preserve their natural and important ecological functions.
• The City believes that any development permitted must conform to State, Local and
Federal environmental regulations and not cause a degradation or irreversible damage
to the sensitive estuarine system.
• Elizabeth City, with an extensive shoreline along the Pasquotank River, believes that all
Public Trust Waters should be open to public navigation. (See policies on `Resource
Protection).
• Elizabeth City believes that wooded swamplands within its jurisdiction are also an
important natural resource which should be protected from encroachment by undue
development.
• Although the City intends to explore alternative sources of raw water, Elizabeth City
continually recognizes the need to protect its existing well fields from potentially adverse
development encroachment.
Evaluation:
All new development and expansion of existing development that exceed 10% of the
gross floor area of the building must receive site plan approval from Elizabeth City
Technical Review Committee. The TRC is comprised of Department Heads form the City
of Elizabeth City, representatives from several regional agencies and a representative
from the State's Water Quality Division. The TRC members review each site plan to
ensure that all City, State, and Federal regulations are adhered to. The City of Elizabeth
City continues to support the protection of its environmentally sensitive areas. The U. S.
Army Corp of Engineers will be advised of any proposed development that may encroach
upon established wetlands.
1994 Issue: Continuing Public Participation
1994 Policies:
• It shall be the policy of the City of Elizabeth City to continue to use the local news media
to inform the citizens of the various opportunities for input into land use planning and
related policy matters.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 214 of 270
Appendices

• The City Planning Staff will continue to be available for public meetings, presentations,
' civic groups, etc., to discuss and/or help explain the City's urban planning programs.
• The City will continue to appoint special citizens' advisory committees for issues of
special concern.
Evaluation:
' The City Continues to support the participation of the public in the planning processes.
All planning meetings are advertised on the City's local access channel as well as the
local newspaper. All planning meetings are opened to the public and provide for public
response to issues to be addressed by the respective board/commission.
' The City Council of Elizabeth City, at its March 4, 2003 meeting, approved a "Citizen
Participation Plan" for the Joint Advanced Core CAMA Land Use Plan for Elizabeth City
' and Pasquotank County.
' 1994 Issue: Storm Hazard Mitigation
1994 Policies:
' • Elizabeth City will continue to support and enforce the NC. State Building Code,
particularly requirements of construction standards to meet wind -resistive factors such
as design wind velocity. The City also supports provisions in the State Building Code
' requiring tie -downs for mobile homes, which help resist wind damage.
• Elizabeth City is supportive of the hazard mitigation elements of the National Flood
' Insurance Program as contained in the City's Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance.
Elizabeth City has participated in the regular phase of the insurance program since
1984. The City also supports continued enforcement of the CAMA and '404' Wetlands
' development permit processes in areas potentially susceptible to flooding.
• Elizabeth City supports the CAMA development permit process for estuarine shoreline
areas and the requisite development standards which encourage both shoreline
' stabilization and facilitation of proper drainage.
• It shall not be the policy of Elizabeth City to seek to acquire such lands which may
' currently be in the most hazardous areas.
Evaluation:
' The City of Elizabeth City continues to support the policies outlined above. FEMA has
purchased several lots within the City limits that are located in flood hazard areas.
1994 Issue': Post Disaster Reconstruction
1994 Policies:
• Immediately following a natural disaster, during which substantial physical damage
was incurred, the Elizabeth City Council will enact a post disaster reconstruction
' moratorium. This moratorium will remain in place until heavily damaged areas can
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 215 of 270
Appendices

be cleared and mapped for Council review. At that time Council will address each of '
the following questions and consider creating new policy.
a should there be changes in land use?
b should there be changes in the building codes?
c should there be a concerted effort to make the community more effective
and more attractive?
d should there be compensation or special financial assistance for private
property losses?
e how should increased local public expenditures be financed?
should normal or extraordinary decision -making mechanisms be used to
guide post -disaster recovery?
• Prior to a storm event, the Council will establish a Recovery Task Force to assist in
overseeing the reconstruction process and to recommend policy changes.
Evaluation:
The City of Elizabeth City continues to support the policies outlined above.
1994 Issue: Protection of Potable Water Supplies
Elizabeth City's water distribution system is based primarily on groundwater, specifically, the
City's well fields which are also designated AEC. In addition to the protection afforded the area
as an AEC, land uses near groundwater sources are regulated by the North Carolina Division of
Environmental Management through NCAC Subchapter 2L and Subchapter 2C. Also, some of
the City's raw water comes from the Pasquotank River. This process is also subject to State
Environmental regulations.
1994 Policies:
• Elizabeth City recognizes the importance of protecting its potable water supplies and
therefore, in addition to other policies contained in this section, supports the
enforcement of these regulations.
Evaluation:
The City of Elizabeth City continues to support the policy outlined above.
1994 Issue: Use of Package Treatment Plants
The centralized sewer service in Elizabeth City's planning jurisdiction serves primarily those
areas within the immediate City limits. It may become necessary to develop small package
treatment systems in order to accommodate certain types of development in outlying areas of
the extraterritorial jurisdiction. This development may be residential, commercial, or industrial.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City LAMA Land Use Plan Page 216 of 270
Appendices

1994 Policies:
' It shall be the policy of Elizabeth City to allow such package plants if they can be
constructed within the overall intent of this plan and meet other federal and state
environmental regulations.
' Evaluation:
The City of Elizabeth City continues to support the policy outlined above.
r
I
1994 Issue: Storm water Runoff
Although none of the waters in Elizabeth City's Jurisdiction are classified as Primary Nursery
Areas, storm water runoff mainly from urban development as opposed to agricultural activities,
could adversely affect the quality of these waters.
1994 Policies:
• The City of Elizabeth City will continue to support strict enforcement of existing
sedimentation and pollution control measures.
Evaluation:
The City Council adopted a Storm Water Management Ordinance in 2002.
1994 Issue: Off -Road Vehicles 7771
The use or regulation of off -road vehicles is not an issue of relevant concern to the City of
Elizabeth City at this time.
1994 Issue: Marina and Floating Home Development
The development of marinas may have significant commercial and recreational potential in
' Elizabeth City. There are lands along portions of the Pasquotank River which may be
redeveloped.
' 1994 Policies:
• Therefore, the City supports the development of marinas, in compliance with existing
environmental regulations.
' • Elizabeth City recognizes the need and use of marinas as both an important
recreation support resource, and as an economic development resource. At the
same time, as discussed above, the City does not wish to see unnecessary
degradation of its waters.
' • Therefore, the City will encourage the development of upland marinas where
feasible, but not to the total exclusion of waterfront marinas. All marinas, regardless
of location, must comply with applicable local, state, and federal regulations.
' Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 217 of270
Appendices

• Floating homes, or any long-term occupancy, is not visualized as being a desirable
use of any future marinas in Elizabeth City. Even for temporary occupancy, the City
will require strict adherence to Health Department regulations for pump -out facilities
and proper trash disposal.
Evaluation:
The City of Elizabeth City continues to support the policies outlined above.
1994 Issue: Drystack Facilities
Drystacking facilities, like marinas, are viewed by Elizabeth City as potential important support
resources for recreational boating and possible urban economic development.
1994 Policies:
The City supports the development of such facilities, provided they can be located in
compliance with existing state, federal, and local siting regulations.
Evaluation:
The City of Elizabeth City supports the policy outlined above.
1994 issue: Agriculture
The City of Elizabeth City recognizes that there may be significant lands considered valuable for
farming located within its jurisdictional boundaries. However, the City does not deem it
necessary to propose any special management policies for these lands at this time. In many
cases they already contain urban development and/or are being used for non -farm purposes.
1994 Issue: Redevelopment of Developed Areas
The two principle focuses under this issue are existing residential and commercial development.
There are several older residential neighborhoods within the City's jurisdiction which are subject
to blighting influences. Elizabeth City has steadily taken steps to aid several of the areas with
community revitalization efforts, primarily through the US Department of Housing and Urban
Development (HUD) Small Cities Community Development Block Grant Program. For a number
of years the City has sought and received finds for housing improvements and neighborhood
revitalization projects. Elizabeth City is committed to revitalizing as many needful
neighborhoods as possible. The other principal focus of concern is older commercial
development --especially in the downtown area and along the Pasquotank River. Steps have
been taken to redevelop the downtown area consistent with policy recommendations contained
in the 1987 Land Use Plan Update. A private non-profit downtown redevelopment agency, i.e.
Elizabeth City Downtown Inc., has become very active in promoting downtown redevelopment.
Redevelopment will be a key area of concern for this agency, consistent with the commitment of
the City of Elizabeth City.
1994 Policies:
Elizabeth City is committed to supporting on -going community revitalization efforts to
redevelop areas suitable for redevelopment, consistent with existing land use controls
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 218 of 270
Appendices

and other current development regulations, such as zoning, subdivision regulations, and
flood damage protection.
Evaluation:
In 2002, the City of Elizabeth City received a 1.75 million -dollar grant from the Department
of Community Assistance. The grant will be administered over a five (5) year period. The
money will be used in the Hugh -Cale area to build new single-family dwellings,
rehabilitate single-family dwellings, expand the homeless shelter located on South Road
Street, and construct a new incubator and community building. The grant will be
implemented by the Elizabeth City Neighborhood Corporation and Elizabeth City OIC.
The Community Development Division continues to partner with the local nonprofit
' organizations and Elizabeth City State University Community Development Department
to provide down payment and closing costs assistance to low -moderate income families.
The City of Elizabeth City and Pasquotank County are currently partnering in a 400,000
' grant to rehabilitate single-family dwellings in the City and County jurisdictions. The City
of Elizabeth City is also administering a $220,000 grant from the North Carolina Housing
Finance Agency to rehabilitate single-family dwellings in Elizabeth City.
I
In 2001, the City Council of Elizabeth City had a Waterfront Master Plan prepared by
Allison Platt & Associates. This plan includes policies for the development and
redevelopment of properties along the waterfront and Water Street. The City of Elizabeth
City is also in the process of beginning to start construction on the streetscape
improvements along Main Street.
1994 Issue: Commitment to State and Federal Programs
There are a number of state and federal programs which are important to Elizabeth City. Many,
such as erosion control programs of the USDA Soil Conservation Service, NCDOT road and
bridge maintenance, repair and replacement programs; estuarine beach and waterfront access
development programs, etc., provide valuable direct benefits to the City.
1994 Policies:
• The City of Elizabeth City will continue to support federal and state programs which
provide benefits and services to the City and its citizens.
Evaluation:
The City of Elizabeth City continues to support the policy outlined above.
1994 Issue: Energy Facilities Siting
Currently, the City of Elizabeth City does not have any electric generating plants, oil refineries,
or inshore exploration facilities for gas or oil. Neither does the City anticipate the development
of any of these facilities within this planning period. However, should any proposals for such
energy facilities be presented, they will be reviewed on a case by case basis.
Pasguotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 219 of 270
Appendices

1994 Policies:
• The City of Elizabeth City will not support the development of any `heavy' industrial use,
including energy facilities, which could cause extensive or irreversible damage to
existing fragile or environmentally sensitive areas.
• The City also opposes the development of energy facilities which would substantially
increase the amount of man-made hazards within its jurisdiction, including the storage
and/or transshipment of crude oil.
Evaluation:
The City of Elizabeth City continues to support the policies outlined above.
1994 issue: Tourism
In recent years, travel and tourism expenditures have been as significant in Elizabeth
City/Pasquotank County as in other coastal areas. However, the City recognizes the potential,
especially with attractive waterfront development.
1994 Policies:
• The City will support the development and expansion of travel and tourism facilities as
part of its move toward economic diversification. However, all such facilities must be
consistent with policies on protecting and managing its resources.
Evaluation:
The City of Elizabeth City continues to support the policy outlined above.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan
Appendices
Page 220 of 270 '

ELIZABETH CITY IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGIES CONTAINED IN THE SEPTEMBER
1994 LAND USE PLAN
A. Land Use Strategy
' 1. In FY '93-94, the City's Planning Department staff will begin a detailed
review of existing land use control ordinances, i.e., Zoning and
' Subdivision, with the intent of revising and updating them. Both of these
ordinances, developed several years ago, need to reflect the City's
current growth and development objectives. The staff may opt to seek the
' services of an outside consultant.
2. In FY '94, the Planning staff will prepare or obtain outside assistance in
preparing a draft zoning map for those areas within the City's 'Sphere of
Influence,' but outside of Pasquotank County's zoning controls.
3. Throughout the planning period the City will continue to enforce
ordinances designed to remove blighting influences, i.e., trash, junked
cars, etc.
Evaluation:
Action steps 1 and 3 have been implemented. The City of Elizabeth City adopted a new
Unified Development Ordinance in 1999 and a Code Enforcement Officer was hired in
2001.
Action step 2 has not been implemented. As noted earlier, the Pasquotank County
Commissioners have not been receptive to extending the ETJ beyond the existing City
' limits boundary. Also, the County has implemented zoning adjacent to the City's
jurisdiction. The preparation of a draft zoning map for the areas within the City's Sphere
of Influence would only result in an exercise of futility.
B. Economic Development Strategy
' 1. In FY '93-94, the City Council will direct the City Manager to initiate joint
discussions with appropriate representations of Pasquotank County
concerning industrial recruitment strategies. As stated in the policy
discussion, while the City is appreciative of recent retail and service sector
employment growth, jobs in these sectors tend to be lower -paying than
industrial/manufacturing employment. The City will seek to develop a joint
' industrial recruitment strategy designed to bring higher paying jobs to the
area.
' 2. In FY '94, the City Council, through the City manager's office will develop
a 'theme' for marketing Elizabeth City as a whole. Several other eastern
North Carolina cities, including Rocky Mount and Greenville, have done
this in recent years. Using promotional themes such as 'The Bold New
City,' or 'The Rising Star of the East,' municipalities have developed
billboard ads and/or slick, color brochures to promote the City as a whole.
Such an overall theme could help Elizabeth City's overall economic
' development 'image.' This activity will be closely coordinated with the
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 221 of 270
Appendices

Chamber of Commerce, Elizabeth City Downtown Inc., and Pasquotank
County.
3. In the FY '93-94 budget, to be adopted by the City Council, the City will
include beginning allocations to help implement recommended
improvements to its water and sewer systems. These recommendations
were developed by the Department of Public Works, and presented in a
report, Water and Wastewater Facilities Development Report, November,
1992. As discussed under the policy statements, Elizabeth City
recognizes the vital link between economic development and the
appropriate, adequate, and 'ready' infrastructure, to support that
development.
4. In FY '94-95, the Council will direct the City Manager and/or Planning
Director to prepare, or cause to be prepared a 'Downtown Revitalization
Strategy,' focusing on Elizabeth City's commercial and tourism potential
downtown. The staff may seek the assistance of nationally recognized
downtown redevelopment consultants. Such a study will consider
rehabilitation and reuse of existing, usable buildings and on developing
specific a downtown focus.
Evaluation:
The Albemarle Economic Development Commission is responsible for implementing
industrial/business recruitment strategies for Elizabeth City and Pasquotank and
Camden Counties.
Action item number 2 has not been implemented.
The City of Elizabeth City Wastewater and Water Plants received a 20 million dollar
facelift in 1998. However, the majority of the water and sewer collection system is
outdated and in need of replacement.
The draft 2002 Elizabeth City Comprehensive Plan includes a chapter on Downtown
Revitalization. This chapter includes policies and recommendations for revitalizing
downtown Elizabeth City.
C. Public Facilities Strategy
1. The City will accept, fully, the suggested and feasible improvements to its
Water and Wastewater Facilities, as contained in the November, 1992
report prepared by the Department of Public Works. The City's interest
and intent will be reflected in its FY'93-94 budget
2. In FY '94-95, the City Council will, on the recommendations of the City
Manager and Recreation Director, begin to make budgetary plans to
implement some of the proposals contained in the City's Recreation
Master Plan, to be completed in FY '93-94. Council may also direct the
Recreation Director to explore all feasible outside grants assistance to
help finance recommended proposals. Previous studies have shown a
need for additional neighborhood/community parks, totlots, and a
swimming pool.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan
Appendices
Page 222 of 270 1
11

3. In 1994, the City Manager will contact the County Managers of
Pasquotank, Camden and Currituck, to begin discussing the concept of a
large regional park. Appropriate representatives of the State's
Department of Environment, Health and Natural Resources will also be
contacted.
Evaluation:
The City of Elizabeth City Wastewater and Water Plants received a 20 million dollar
' facelift in 1998. However, the majority of the water and sewer collection system is
outdated and in need of replacement.
' The City of Elizabeth City and the Pasquotank County/Elizabeth City School System
received a grant in 2000 to develop a mini -park and to provide lights to several soccer
fields located at Northeast High School. The Parks and Recreation Department fall and
' spring soccer programs utilize the fields for league play.
Action item number 3 has not been implemented.
' D. Housing Strategy
' 1. In FY '93-94, Elizabeth City will again seek assistance in developing an
application for Small Cities Community Block Grant Funds, with the focus
of rehabilitating existing 'reusable' housing.
' 2. The City Council will also in FY '93-94 direct a Planning and Community
Department to explore the feasibility of applying for other housing delivery
programs, which provide affordable housing opportunities low and
' moderate income persons. These programs, operated by the Division of
Community Assistance North Carolina Housing Finance Agency, and/or
HUD, may include the HOME and (Housing Partnership), HOPE-3, and
' others.
3. Recognizing that lands costs are significant elements in new construction,
' the City will retain a higher density single family zoning district, i.e., R-6, or
6000, S.F. minimum.
' Evaluation:.
All action steps have been implemented.
' E. Transportation Strategy
1. While Elizabeth City desires to seek connecting roads from the proposed
' new bypass to existing commercial areas of the City, the City recognizes
that in order to protect existing residential neighborhoods and the historic
district such connecting roads need to be well planned. The City,
' therefore, will request that the NCDOT planners not propose 'connectors'
through existing residential neighborhoods and/or the historic district.
' Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan
Appendices
Page 223 of 270

2. In FY '93-94, the City will request that the NCDOT accelerate the update '
of the Elizabeth City Thoroughfare Plan.
3. The City will also request that NCDOT Planners incorporate into any
thoroughfare planning or roadway improvements, consideration for
pedestrian and bicycle access. The City recognizes this as a need,
especially in heavily commercialized areas.
Evaluation:
All action steps have been implemented.
F. Waterfront Development Strategy
Elizabeth City is committed to seeing its downtown waterfront develop into an
active, lively attraction for both tourists and local residents. The City wants to
encourage the orderly development of mixed uses, including retails, places of
entertainment, restaurants, boating services and overnight lodging. Therefore, in
FY '93-94, the Planning Department will prepare an appropriate zoning
mechanism to facilitate the development of these commercial and retail uses.
Evaluation:
Allison Platt & Associates' Waterfront Master Plan developed for the City Council in 2001
includes policies and recommendations for development along the waterfront.
G. Resource Protection Strategy
1. Consistent with its desire to protect cultural resources and expand
tourism, the City will continue to support the Historic District Commission's
efforts to expand the existing National Historic District and to increase the
City's properties on the National Register of Historic Properties. In FY
'93-94, the City Planning Staff and the downtown organization, i.e.
Elizabeth City Downtown Inc., will identify and contact the appropriate
agencies concerning the possible relocation of the Museum of the
Albemarle to a downtown waterfront location.
2. The City recognizes that all of its Public Trust Waters are valuable natural
and recreational resources that should be kept open to public navigation.
At the same time, however, the development of docks and piers, which
could interfere with public navigation, could enhance the City's waterfront
strategy. Therefore, piers and docks will be permitted provided they do
not result in undue restrictions to public navigation.
Evaluation:
A request to expand the local historic district north of Elizabeth Street was denied by
City Council in 1999. Construction of the Museum of the Albemarle on Water Street
began in 2001; however, it is not finished due to the State's budget crisis.
The City of Elizabeth City UDO and CAMA regulations permit water dependent structures
to encroach into the rear yard setback area and into public trust waters.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan
Appendices
Page 224 of 270 '
I

II H. Storm Hazards Mitigation Strategy
The City will continue to coordinate planning hazard mitigation and post -disaster
recovery strategies with Pasquotank County and the appropriate state agencies.
' Evaluation:
This action step has been implemented.
' I. Continue Public Participation Strategy
The City will continue the practice of using citizen advisory groups to help
formulate policies on land use issues facing the City. The City will attempt to see
to it that appointments to boards, commissions, and advisory groups are
bipartisan and are representative of all elements of the City's makeup.
' Evaluation:
This action step has been implemented.
P
F
' Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 225 of 270
Appendices

Pasquotank County Land Use Plan Update April 1996
Issue Identification and Policy Statements
1996 Issue: Land Suitability and Natural Constraints on Development
The scope and importance of this issue is summarized as follows. Most property in Pasquotank
County has significant soil limitations for septic tank drainfields due to the high clay content of
the soil and the high water table. Also, approximately 40 percent of the land area in the County
lies within some sort of flood plain designation based on maps prepared by FEMA.
1996 Conservation Policies:
It is the policy of Pasquotank County government to require District Health Department
septic tank permit prior to issuing a building permit.
It is the policy of Pasquotank County government to ensure that new development is
protected from flood hazard through the administration of the county flood plain ordinance
and continued participation in the National Flood Insurance Program.
• It is the policy of Pasquotank County government to use soil information in determining the
allowable density and intensity of development in areas where the soils have severe
limitations for septic tank drainfields.
Evaluation:
Albemarle Environmental Health does site evaluations for potential development.
Based upon soil test it is determined if septic systems are permitted and the
density for development is determined.
1966 Issue: Storm water Runoff and Potable Water Supply
Potable water supplies need to be conserved in order to assure the availability for future
populations. At present, potable water is obtained from the groundwater aquifer. Also, water is
withdrawn from the Pasquotank River in case of emergencies. While Elizabeth City, which is
the largest supplier, has not used their emergency intake located on the Pasquotank River in
the past three years, state law required the passage of a watershed/water supply management
plan and ordinance for portions of Providence and Newland Townships which are within the
Pasquotank River watershed. This ordinance enacted by the county also controls storm water
runoff associated with agriculture as well as dense residential and commercial development.
1996 Conservation Policy:
It • is the policy of Pasquotank County government to enforce the provisions of the
Watershed/Water Supply Ordinance within the Pasquotank River watershed and to
encourage the use of Best Management Practices for agriculture and land development.
Evaluation:
Pasquotank County continues to enforce the Watershed/Water Supply Ordinance
and supports Best Management Practices for all development is necessary to
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 226 of 270
Appendices

' protect the Pasquotank River. Although Pasquotank County supports Best
Management Practices we do not support the Water Supply Watershed Ordinance
due to the fact that the intake is not used and there are no plans for future use.
' 1996 Issue: Fragile Lands and Localized Resource Protection
Wetlands cover a significant portion of Pasquotank County's land area and are habitat for
' important marine and wildlife species. Many of the recreational and commercially important fish
and shellfish species spend a portion of their life cycle in the tributaries of the Little and
Pasquotank Rivers with the headwaters being the Dismal Swamp. The harvesting of these fish
and shellfish add to the local economies of the Albemarle region. Activities associated with the
' development of land affect adjacent rivers and wetlands directly and indirectly often polluting the
water. It is important to minimize the direct destruction of the remaining area of the Dismal
Swamp and indirect pollution of all the County's wetlands found to be vital to the natural
ecosystem.
1996 Conservation Policies:
• It is the policy of Pasquotank County government to conserve the remaining portion of the
Dismal Swamp lying within the County by supporting state and federal efforts to preserve
' the swamp's unique ecological functions of aquifer recharge and wildlife habitat.
• It is the policy of Pasquotank County government to comment concerning the overall
' interests of county residents on CAMA dredge and fill permits for projects which would be
detrimental to rivers and wetlands lying within or adjacent to unincorporated portions of the
County.
' - It is the policy of Pasquotank County government to support CAMA restriction of
development on Albemarle Sound Islands as well as dredging of marshlands for bulkhead
installation along Albemarle Sound.
Evaluation:
Pasquotank County continues to support the existing policies. We are currently
' participating as a member of a Watershed Planning Team lead by the North
Carolina Wetlands Restoration Program to develop watershed improvement and
protection recommendations for the Pasquotank River watershed.
1
1996 Issue: Manmade Hazards and Hazardous Waste Management
' There are significant manmade hazards to the cultural and natural environment. The most
alarming are the threats to life and property posed by hazardous waste spills. Hazardous waste
' spills are associated with the transportation and storage of petrochemicals. As the county
grows there will be more storage facilities and their location needs to be regulated. The
approach zones for flight operations at the US Coast Guard Air Station are in the path of
sprawling development located in the County. Elizabeth City has a measure of extraterritorial
' control via an ACUZ-type zoning ordinance provision for permitting the location of compatible
land uses.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 227 of 270
Appendices

1996 Hazard Mitigation Policies:
• It is the policy of Pasquotank County government to continue cooperation with Elizabeth City
for the protection of the flight approaches to the US Coast Guard Air Station. An interlocal
agreement will be sought with the City to formalize this process by January 1997.
• It is the policy of Pasquotank County government to inspect and regulate the storage of
hazardous wastes at sites in the county. Permits for land uses which will involve storage of
petrochemicals proposed adjacent to waterways and wetlands shall not be permitted without
minimizing the effects of potential spills.
Evaluation:
Pasquotank County and the City of Elizabeth City adopted a "Regional Airport
Height Restriction Ordinance" and Map February 15, 1999 to protect flight
approaches to the US Coast Guard Base and the Municipal Airport.
Hazardous wastes sites are inspected regularly by the Elizabeth City Fire
Marshall.
1996 Issue: Storm Hazard Mitigation and Evacuation
Pasquotank County is a low-lying area with the potential for significant storm damage. Hazard
mitigation is actions which would reduce the impact of any disaster including evacuation and
cleanup. Pasquotank County has prepared mitigation plans through their office of the
Emergency Management Coordination on a very modest budget with an ever increasing
workload.
1996 Storm Hazard Mitigation Policies:
• It is the policy of Pasquotank County government to support the Emergency Management
Agency via funding, equipment and facilities including the preparation of post disaster
recover plans and coordination with other county, state and federal agencies in emergency
events.
• It is the policy of Pasquotank County government to reconstruct failed water lines within the
County service area and aid reconstruction of water lines in other service areas on a critical
need basis.
• It is the policy of Pasquotank County government to allow small package treatment systems
that accommodate residential, commercial and industrial development in locations removed
from the most vulnerable storm inundation areas.
• It is the policy of Pasquotank County government to continue participation in the National
Flood Insurance Program and to guide land development away from high hazard areas.
Evaluation:
Pasquotank County continues to support the policies outlined above.
1996 Issue: Urban Development Impacts
Unplanned and indiscriminate development can threaten the basic fabric of a community. This
type of development undermines the ability of the natural environment to support man's
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 228 of 270
Appendices

' activities. Urban sprawl indiscriminately gobbles up productive farm land and results in
overloading of public facilities. Pasquotank County is not currently extending water lines into
1 undeveloped areas and has no immediate plans to do so. Within the county water system
service area, new subdivisions must be connected at the expense of the developer including
any costs for upgrading the service to meet standards.
1996 Resource Protection Policy:
• It is the policy of Pasquotank County government to direct urban development into areas
' intrinsically suitable for development via the extension of services and approval of future
capital projects.
• It is the policy of Pasquotank County to advertise the agendas of the Planning Board
' meetings.
Evaluation:
' Pasquotank County continues to support the policies outlined above.
1996 Issue: Cultural and Historical Resource Protection
The scope and importance of the colonial period in the county is significant. The North Carolina
Division of Archives inventoried sites and structures statewide. They have identified several of
the sites which are located in unincorporated Pasquotank County. These treasures need
safeguarding from being destroyed by ill -planned development. Knowledge concerning the
importance of these features or structures will help mitigate such future destruction if this
knowledge is readily available.
1996 Resource Protection Policy:
• It is the policy of Pasquotank County government to encourage the preservation of the
' historically significant structures and sites by serving as a clearinghouse for information.
The county planning department will maintain a listing and locational index of these sites.
• It is the policy of Pasquotank County government to continue to levy an occupancy tax for
the purpose of generating funds to sponsor tourist oriented events and activities.
' Evaluation:
Pasquotank County continues to support the policies outlined above. The County
continues to levy an occupancy tax. To date, a listing and locational index of
historically significant structures and sites has not prepared.
1996 Issue: Accessibility while Protecting Public Trust Waters
' There are very few non -water dependent uses in public trust waters of Pasquotank County and
no floating home developments at present along Albemarle Sound. Dry storage of boats has
been occurring mostly in Elizabeth City. Within unincorporated areas of the County there are
small isolated marinas that pose only minimal threats to surface waters.
' 1996 Resource Protection Policy:
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 229 of 270
Appendices

• It is the policy of Pasquotank County government to ensure water dependent development
activities such as marinas including upland marinas occur in compliance with state and
federal regulations and to discourage non -water dependent uses especially floating home
developments in public trust waters.
Evaluation:
Pasquotank County continues to support the policy outlined above.
1996 Issue: Productive Agricultural and Silviculture Lands
The scope and importance of this issue is that future development, unless directed away from
productive agricultural and silviculture lands could threaten the continuation of family farms
which are the basis for the agricultural economy of the County. The basic need is to conserve
Pasquotank County's productive lands thereby promoting agriculture and silviculture as
renewable resources.
1996 Resource Protection Policy:
• It is the policy of Pasquotank County government to discourage the conversion of active,
productive farm land and forest land to urban development.
Evaluation:
The current policy to discourage the conversion of active, productive farm land
and forest land to urban development has not been strictly adhered to. (This has
been due to the difficulty that landowner/farmers have in recent years to continue
farming financially.)
1996 Issue: Industrial and Economic Development
The County is constructing an industrial park in Providence Township. Other land within the
unincorporated limits of the County may be suitable for industrial development where sufficient
potable water and adequate sewage treatment can be provided or extended to commercial and
industrial developments. These sites need safeguarding from being converted to other uses by
either zoning or project/subdivision review procedures. An inventory of theses site is also
needed to be circulated.
1996 Economic Development Policies:
• It is the policy of Pasquotank County government to safeguard areas suitable for industrial
development from encroachment by competing land uses.
• It is the policy of Pasquotank County government to encourage industries to locate in the
Pasquotank County Commerce Park where centralized facilities are located.
It is the policy of Pasquotank County government to continue support of the Elizabeth
City/Pasquotank County Industrial Development Authority.
Evaluation:
Phases of the Pasquotank County Commerce Park in Providence Township have
been developed with water and sewer provided. Natural Gas is adjacent to the
site and will be extended into the Park in the near future.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City LAMA Land Use Plan Page 230 of 270
Appendices

Tanglewood Mega Site is a planned development for industrial clients located on
' the west side of the Elizabeth City Bypass in Providence and Mount Hermon
Townships. The Elizabeth City Bypass was officially opened December 3, 2002.
The North Carolina Department of Transportation is currently constructing a
' connector road that will extend from the City of Elizabeth to the Bypass with an
interchange to be constructed at the intersection of the bypass. Tanglewood
Mega Site will be access via the new interchange.
' Two additional commercial parks are being developed in Mount Hermon Township
off of US 17 South.
' 1996 Issue: Adequate Levels of Service
The county provides potable water, solid waste disposal, funds the construction of schools and
other capital improvements that service existing and new development. County residents are
also blessed with a quality of life that includes a number of outdoor recreational opportunities.
These same opportunities attract tourist and weekend visitors from other parts of North Carolina
' and Virginia. Growth demands can overtax county government's ability to provide services if
allowed to occur without consideration for the cost-effectiveness of providing services.
' 1996 Community Development Policies:
• It is the policy of Pasquotank County government to provide adequate levels of service for
' public facilities and services in the most efficient manner.
• It is the policy of Pasquotank County government to conserve the natural and cultural
resources of value for recreational enjoyment and social systems support of County
residents and tourists.
Evaluation:
' Pasquotank County continues to support the policies outlined above.
' 1996 Issue: Land Development and Public Participation
The Board of County Commissioners adopted zoning for urbanizing portions of the county. The
' potential development of other areas in the County may warrant overseeing the density and
intensity of land development with more flexible regulations. Other alternatives need to be
instituted which allow for the involvement of area residents in the review and approval of
development proposals through a preliminary project review procedure which encourages the
mitigation of offsite impacts.
' 1996 Community Development Policies:
• It is the policy of Pasquotank County government to adopt this land use plan update
' including the future land classification map and follow the adopted plan.
' Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan
Appendices
Page 231 of 270

It is the policy of Pasquotank County government to establish a preliminary project review
procedure which requires that development proposed in the unincorporated area of the
county be consistent with this land use plan.
• It is the policy of Pasquotank County government to conduct an annual review of the areas
presently zoned and the zoning regulations to assure that urban development that is
occurring is compatible with the area and is supportable by county services.
Evaluation:
Temporary zoning was adopted for all areas of the county not currently zoned
June 5, 2000. Permanent zoning classifications were established January 1, 2002.
Pasquotank County considers the current land use plan classification during
review of each rezoning request.
1996 issue: Redevelopment
A number of low-income County residents live in areas which have substandard housing and
community services. While these pockets of poverty are eligible for federal and state programs,
the County is pursuing grants to pave roads and improve drainage that will spur redevelopment.
There are also actions which the county can take besides these programs that cleanup very
distressed areas. The most effective actions are requiring safe and secure construction which
will better withstand natural hazards. A review of building codes and construction practices is a
first step.
1996 Community Development Policies:
• It is the policy of Pasquotank County government to enforce the North Carolina Building
Codes and conduct periodic reviews of the regulations and construction practices.
• It is the policy of Pasquotank County government to pursue Community Development Block
Grants as well as other economic and community revitalization initiatives to redevelop
specific target areas in the County.
Evaluation:
Pasquotank County continues to support the policies outlined above.
1996 Issue: Support of State and Federal Programs
The County is supported by a number of federal and state programs, which contribute financial
and technical assistance for a variety of county initiatives. Some of the programs are
mandatory while participation in other programs has been initiated voluntarily. The more visible
programs are the maintenance and improvement of state and federal highways and agricultural
extension services.
1996 Community Development Policy:
It is the policy of Pasquotank County government to support state and federal programs
which lead to improvements of the quality of life of County residents and lessen the burdens
of county government such as: highway construction and maintenance, channel
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 232 of 270
Appendices

' maintenance, aviation enhancement, environmental protection, education, health and
human services.
' Evaluation:
Pasquotank County continues to support the policy outlined above.
' 1996 Issue: Energy Facility Siting
The siting of energy development of support facilities is very remote according to past studies.
' Hazardous chemical wastes are of concern and there are no records of the amount and nature
of nuclear and chemical hazardous wastes transported along the County's highways and
waterways. The Emergency Management office is seeking funding necessary to conduct a
' transportation study to determine the potential threat from hazardous wastes being transmitted
through the county.
t1996 Community Development Policy:
• It is the policy of Pasquotank County government to support the Emergency Management
' Agency via funding, equipment and facilities.
Evaluation:
' Pasquotank County continues to support the policy outlined above.
1996 Issue: Fiscal/Capital Improvements Programming
Pasquotank County is facing new and greater demands which warrant sound fiscal
management and capital improvements programming. Economic development will be halted if
' the County is unable to fund police, fire and emergency services, construct new schools, extend
water lines, and provide for solid waste disposal.
' 1996 Community Development Policies:
• It is the policy of Pasquotank County government to program capital projects on a five year
basis.
' • It is the policy of Pasquotank County government to undertake a review of all development
fees to determine if the fees being charged offset the cost to the county in time and
' materials.
Evaluation:
Five year capital projects are updated during each budget year. Development
cost/fees have been reviewed. Development review fees and water fees have been
upgraded. But the County lacks the ability to implement fees that help offset the
costs of public schools and emergency services.
' 1996 Issue: Waterfront and Estuarine Access
' There are certain privately owned properties which could be developed for recreation and water
access which the County may obtain using CAMA Coastal and Estuarine Beach Access
Program funds. Future populations will demand more publicly owned water access.
' Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 233 of 270
Appendices

1996 Community Development Policy:
• It is the policy of Pasquotank County government to acquire rights of way, fee simple title
and/or easements to allow public access along the navigable waterways.
Evaluation:
Pasquotank County continues to support the policy outlined above.
1996 Issue: Safeguarding Highways by Controlling Access
Widening roadways does not solve the root problem of roadway capacity deterioration. As
highway frontage is developed the proliferation of driveways reduces the level of service. US 17
is a vital economic artery and the evacuation route in the event of a disaster which needs to
have strict access management guidelines.
1996 Community Development Policies:
• It is the policy of Pasquotank County government to safeguard the County's highways from
obstructions to sight and turning movements that constitute safety hazards as well as work
closely with the North Carolina Department of Transportation in the programming of road
improvements with sufficient rights of way and pavement width.
It is the policy of Pasquotank County government to prepare an access management
regulation with the cooperation of the N. C. Department of Transportation to regulate the
number and location of driveway openings along major county roadways designated as
evacuation routes.
Evaluation:
Although the County has not prepared access management regulations, the Board
has denied sketch approval for an 80 lot subdivision with lots fronting a
secondary state road.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 234 of 270
Appendices

' PASQUOTANK COUNTY IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGIES CONTAINED IN THE APRIL
1996 LAND USE PLAN
1996 Action Program
' This discussion of the action steps for implementing the policies called for in this plan is grouped
by goals. The steps called for under the relevant goal are a set of related actions which will lead
to a preferred outcome. Collectively, these action steps constitute a land use planning program
' for growth and development in Pasquotank County over the next ten years. The four main
goals are:
' • Conserving natural and cultural resources.
• Improving the quality of urban development.
' • Coordinating land use decisions and public expenditures.
• Storm hazard mitigation.
' Conserving Natural and Cultural Resources
' The strategy to reach this goal is to coordinate the County's regulatory functions with state and
federal environmental and historical oversight responsibilities thereby avoiding duplication of
regulations at the local level. A concerted effort to foster conservation of vital natural and
tcultural resources will be the result.
A. Continue cooperation with the Division of Environmental Management and Division of Land
Resources permitting efforts by coordinating drainage improvement, sedimentation and
control structures reviews during the subdivision approval process.
B. Beginning in April, 1996, the Planning Director will begin reviewing all public information
notices issued by the US Army Corps of Engineers and CAMA to assure consistency
with the Future Land Use Plan.
C. Beginning in July, 1996, the Planning Director will maintain a listing and locational index of
historical sites and industrial parks.
' Evaluation:
The County continues requiring review by the Division of Environmental
' Management and Division of Land Resources during subdivision review process.
In addition, the County now requires a storm water review for a ten-year storm
event by the Pasquotank County Soil and Water District Conservationist for both
' on -site and off -site drainage.
The Planning Director now receives and reviews public information notices issued
' by the US Army Corp of Engineers.
The Planning Director maintains a listing of commercial/industrial parks.
Improving the Quality of Urban Development
' Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 235 of 270
Appendices

This goal can be obtained by more knowledgeable actions by county government. At present
Pasquotank County controls density and intensity of development in the zoned areas. While
zoning the entire County is one alternative solution, it is premature. Instituting a process of
review and approval that builds on the existing regulatory agencies technical input and public's
practical input is the recommended strategy for most of the county.
1996 Action Steps:
A. Continue to require District Health Department permit approvals for minimum lot sizes,
drainage improvements and septic tanks as a part of the subdivision review process.
B. Administer the amended flood plain ordinance which requires homes in flood hazard areas
be constructed to withstand some of the damaging aspects of storms and floods.
C. Continue to identify distressed areas for consideration as target areas for CDBG grants.
D. By June, 1996; the county will publish Pasquotank County Planning Board agendas.
E. By 1997, the county will undertake an analysis of the fees and charges associated with the
permitting of developments to determine if the costs incurred are being offset by the fees
collected.
F. During 1998, the Planning Director and Emergency Management Coordinator will complete
an analysis of the land use regulations identifying conflicts with the mitigation and
recovery objectives of the Emergency Operations Plan.
Evaluation:
Action steps A—D: The activities continue or have been implemented.
Action step E: The County has many times discussed costs of development but
an accurate figure has not been determined. The County is currently undertaking
a study to evaluate the effect of development impact fees.
Action step F: Not completed.
Coordinating Land Use Decision and Public Expenditures
Often decisions by elected bodies are made in reaction to constituency demands to a perceived
crisis. Such decisions take care of the short term symptoms but to often the underlying
problems remain. Urban development places demands on government to extend services. If
the decision to extend services is not made with a consideration to the long term effects of
widening a road, all too often the improvement generates more growth which in turn leads to
additional overloads to the school or the water lines. Coordinating land use decisions with the
expenditure of public funds is a cost effective strategy that is the underlying theme of the
following action steps.
1996 Action Steps:
A. By April, 1996 the Pasquotank County Commission will adopt the Land Use Plan Update and
follow its policies.
B. For fiscal year 1997, Pasquotank County government shall begin to program capital projects
on a five year basis by adopting a capital improvement program to be updated on an
annual basis.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 236 of 270
Appendices

L
k
C. During 1997, Pasquotank County Government shall investigate the application of impact fees
as a means of cost effectively funding capital expenditures for public facilities.
D. During 1997, Pasquotank County government will adopt access management regulations
along the major evacuation routes through the County.
Evaluation:
Action step A: Completed.
Action step B: Capital projects are reviewed annually during preparation of the
budget.
Action step C: It is our understanding that Pasquotank County does not have
authority to implement impact fees.
Action step D: Not implemented.
Hazard Mitigation
Pasquotank County is a low lying area with the potential for significant storm damage as well as
hazardous waste spills. Facing the threat of hurricanes and other major storm events means
preparing for the effects of such catastrophes. Other hazardous situations occur if development
is allowed in close proximity to the flight paths of the Coast Guard base. Future development
must be constructed to withstand such storm damage in areas which are less exposed to the
destructive forces of wind and water. Actions taken to reduce the impact of any disaster
including evacuation and cleanup is the essence of hazard mitigation. The key strategy is the
recognition of the risk and taking actions ahead of time to lessen the destruction.
1996 Action Steps:
A. Beginning in April, 1996, the Pasquotank County Fire Marshall shall review all permits for
land uses which will involve storage of petrochemicals to ensure that extensive
precautions be taken to minimize the effects of potential spills.
B. Zoning and building permits requests in the area surrounding the air station will continue to
be transmitted to the City for comments prior to any decision by the County.
C. Pasquotank County government will continue to support the Emergency Management
Coordination office via funding, equipment and facilities including the preparation of post
disaster recovery plans.
D. Beginning in 1996, the County will commence a study to determine the threat posed by
hazardous wastes being transported through the county on its roadways and waterways
Evaluation:
All action steps have been implemented.
Evaluating Implementation of the Plan
There are at least two significant milestones which lay ahead for the County over the next ten
years:
' Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan
Appendices
Page 237 of 270

First, the assimilation of the employees at the state prison located in the Pasquotank
County Commerce Park.
Second, the construction and opening of the US 17 by-pass.
1996 Action Steps:
Evaluating the progress of this plan will allow for mid -course corrections. A definition of
planning is the process of applying forethought to solving problems and creating opportunities.
Because planning is a process, it is reiterative. The future will evolve by the combined actions
of public and private organizations including businesses and individuals. An annual review of
development activity is a worthwhile undertaking that gives an indication of the progress
towards the goals and objectives set forth in this plan. In January of each year the Planning
Director shall prepare an annual report including recommended changes in the plan to be
presented to the Planning Board and County Commission. The report shall contain:
• An analysis of building permit activity (number, type and location) by land use category: i.e.,
residential, commercial, and industrial.
• A listing of the significant developments.
• The changes in land regulations during the previous year.
• Status of completion of the various action steps, especially the particular steps
recommended for completion in the reporting year.
Evaluation:
Reports have not been prepared as one submittal each January. Planning
Director serves as Assistant County Manager and is in attendance at each County
Commissioner meeting. Therefore, the items mentioned are discussed
throughout the year. A report is prepared monthly to provide an analysis of
building permit activity.
Pasquotank County / Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 238 of 270
Appendices

' Appendix J
Existing Public Water Access Sites and Private Marinas
' Site 672 Moth Boat Park
• Urban waterfront park
• End of Main Street in downtown EC
' • 12 parking spaces
• Handicap access
' Site 671 Waterfront Park Downtown
• Neighborhood park
Off Water Street in downtown EC; at end of Ehringhaus Street
' • 70 parking spaces
• Pier
• Picnic tables
' • Handicap access
Site 670 Water Street
' • Urban waterfront park (Charles Creek Park)
• Off Shepard Street in downtown EC
• 40 parking spaces
1 • Picnic tables
• Handicap access
' Causeway Park Camden Causeway (US Highway 158)
• Boardwalk along the Pasquotank River
• Several landings and piers are suitable for fishing, picnicking and enjoying nature.
• 8 parking spaces
George Wood Park Camden Causeway (US Highway 158)
• Boardwalk out to the Pasquotank River
' • Piers along the Pasquotank River with gazeboes are suitable for nature walks, fishing
and picnics
• 10 parking spaces
Sawmill Park Intersection of Weeksville Road and Sawmill Road
' • County park on New Begun Creek
• Boat ramp
• Boardwalk for fishing
' • Picnic area
• 13 parking spaces
• Handicap access
' Boat Ramps
• Off Hall's Creek Road
' Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 239 of 270
Appendices

• Old US Highway 17 at Perquimans County line
• End of Shadneck Road
• Parking available at all
Site 690 George M. Wood Memorial Park
• Neighborhood park
• On Camden Causeway (US 158/NC34)
• 8 parking spaces
• Pier
Riverside Boat Works/Elizabeth City Shipyard
722 Riverside Avenue
30 wet slips
Transient slips
Causeway Marina
Highway 158 East, Camden Causeway
Wet slips
Boat ramp
Fuel sales
Mariner's Wharf City Dock
200 W. Water Street
14 wet slips
The Pelican
43 Camden Causeway
50 wet slips
Boat ramp
Fuel sales
Pump out facilities
Transient slips
DBC City Marina
340 Camden Causeway
10 wet slips
Boat ramp
Source: 2002 NC Coastal Boating Guide, NCDOT
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan
Appendices
Page 240 of 270 '
r

' Appendix K
Goals and Objectives from the 1996 Pasquotank County CAMA Land Use Plan and the 1994
Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan
Primary goals (page 39):
' • Conserving natural and cultural resources.
• Improving the quality of urban development.
• Coordinating land use decisions and public expenditures.
' • Mitigating storm hazards.
Specific Objectives:
1 • Encouraging development patterns that utilize land wisely by conserving natural
resources and preserving the heritage of the County (page 1).
• Preserving potable water supplies (page 27).
• Conserving the Dismal Swamp (page 28).
• Ensuring land use compatibility with airport operations (page 29).
• Directing urban development into areas most suitable for development (page 30).
' • Discourage the conversion of active, productive farm land and forestland to urban
development (page 31).
• Safeguarding identified industrial areas from incompatible development (page 31).
• Supporting economic and community revitalization efforts to redevelop targeted
developed areas (page 33).
• Supporting the acquisition of land for public waterfront and estuarine access (page 35).
• Safeguarding highways through access management (page 35).
Goals:
• Ensuring compatible land use and land development.
• Promoting balanced economic development.
' • Ensuring the provision of adequate public services and facilities.
• Promoting diversified housing.
• Preserving historic and cultural resources.
• Ensuring land use that is compatible with natural resources.
• Mitigating storm hazards.
Specific Objectives:
• Annexation of appropriate developing areas (page 61).
• Providing consistent and uniform land use controls throughout the Elizabeth City `Sphere
' of Influence' (page 61).
• Permitting land development that enhances the City's natural scenic and aesthetic
qualities (page 61).
• Elimination of blighting influences (page 61).
• Permitting land development that is compatible with existing special natural and cultural
resources (page 61).
' Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 241 of 270
Appendices

• Ensuring land use compatibility with airport operations (page 62).
• Seeking a balanced approach to economic development by diversifying the economic
base (page 63).
• Providing the necessary infrastructure to support economic development (page 63).
• Encouraging low -pollution, light manufacturing and/or assembly industries (page 63).
• Accommodating a variety of affordable housing types to meet a broad range of income
needs (page 69).
• Encouraging the orderly development of mixed uses in the downtown riverfront area
(page 72).
• Preserve and enhance open space and scenic waterfront views and vistas (page 72).
• Encourage pedestrian access to and utility of the waterfront (page 72).
• Preserving historic and cultural resources (page 74).
• Preserving the natural and ecological functions of Areas of Environmental Concern —
Coastal Wetlands, Estuarine Waters, Estuarine Shoreline, and Public Trust Waters
(page 75).
• Protecting well fields from potentially adverse development encroachment (page 75).
• Mitigating storm hazards (page 39).
• Supporting the development of marinas and drystacking facilities as an important
recreation and economic development support resources (page 85).
• Supporting community revitalization efforts to redevelop developed areas (page 86).
Overall Objective:
Provide a comprehensive development policy guide for short- and long-range planning,
scheduling, ordinance preparation, and budgeting.
Community Appearance/Historic Preservation
• Goal: Preserve Elizabeth City's small town character and historic image through a
variety of methods including neighborhood and community revitalization, promotion of
the preservation and rehabilitation of historic properties, and encouraging civic pride.
Utilize architecture and landscape design to provide an attractive community
appearance.
• Objectives:
o Encourage revitalization of the downtown business district
o Foster neighborhood redevelopment and community pride
o Increase City -owned waterfront property
o Expand and improve downtown public parking facilities
o Ensure the continued presence of public services, i.e., post office, library,
courthouse
Utility Services
• Public Water System Objectives:
o Develop a program to assemble all information on waterlines and incorporate into
a mapping and Geographical Information System (GIS)
o Investigate and identify methods to continue with small diameter water main
replacement
o Develop a plan to replace two-inch water lines with six-inch lines to provide
adequate water pressure
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan
Appendices
Page 242 of 270 I

' o Develop additional raw water supply for future demands
o Research and develop deep wells to be used for reverse osmosis
' o Develop and utilize an active wellhead protection program to ensure an
acceptable quality and quantity of groundwater resources for current and future
requirements
' o Investigate the feasibility of forming a regional water cooperative with
surrounding public water systems
• Public Sanitary Sewer System Objectives:
' o Develop a capital improvements program for a sewer line, manhole, and private
service rehabilitation that will allow the City to address problems based upon
their order of severity
o Develop a pump station capital improvements plan that will allow the City to
address upgrades and replacement of aging pump stations as well as assist in
the creation of a master sewer plan for the City
• Sanitation/Solid Waste Services Objectives:
' o Provide solid waste collection services to every qualified residential dwelling of
less than five units with the City limits in compliance with City policy and
regulations
' o Promote public education on waste reduction, reuse, and recycling City-wide and
regionally
o Follow the Camden County, City of Elizabeth City, and Pasquotank County ten-
year solid waste management plan which meets local solid waste needs and
fulfills waste reduction goals at an equitable cost to the residents
o Explore cost effective alternatives for present and future operations
o Initiate a long-range solid waste system rate study, a complete energy market
' analysis, as well as a transportation/transfer station analysis
• Sanitation/Solid Waste Services Objectives:
' o Provide solid waste collection services to every qualified residential dwelling of
less than five units with the City limits in compliance with City policy and
regulations
' • Storm water Management Objectives:
o Create a master drainage plan
o Develop a system for storm water discharge control which uses both on -site and
off -site approaches to assure appropriate levels of control while permitting the
flexibility to choose methods which best fit specific conditions
' o Adopt discharge control regulations which establish basic performance standards
for new development
o Extend floodprone area regulations to smaller steams
' o Regulate drainage facilities within private development sites
o Preserve natural features along drainage ways
o Develop a storm water quality program to meet the requirements of the federal
Clean Water Act and local objectives
o Incorporate water quality management practices into discharge control
regulations and City design, construction, and maintenance practices
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan
Appendices
Page 243 of 270

o Establish a City program to correct
existing storm water control facilities
o Develop a system for financing the
discharge from new development
existing drainage problems and preserve
public costs of controlling storm water
Natural Gas Service Objectives:
o Support the development and expansion of natural gas service to the City's
residential customers
o Support natural gas service that is reliable and cost effective
o Provide assurance that gas service will remain safe and consistent
o Provide support to ensure that service levels are responsive to the City's
customer needs
Streets and Thoroughfares Objectives:
o Guide the development of the urban street system in a manner consistent with
the changing traffic patterns
o Provide for the orderly development of an adequate major street system as land
development occurs
o Reduce travel and transportation costs
o Reduce the cost of major street improvements to the public through the
coordination of the street system with private action
o Enable private interest to plan their actions, improvements, and development
with full knowledge of pubic intent
o Minimize disruption and displacement of people and businesses through long
range advance planning for major street improvements
o Reduce environmental impacts, such as air pollution, resulting from
transportation
o Increase traffic safety
Electric Service Objectives:
o Provide high quality of service to every residential dwelling and commercial
establishment
o Continue to provide fast response time to trouble calls
o Ensure the continued upgrade of the electrical system
o Continue to work jointly with other City departments to provide good service
relations
Parks and Recreation
• Goal: Provide a variety of recreational opportunities for all residents of Elizabeth City,
Pasquotank County, and Camden County; construct and maintain a network of parks
that provide outdoor experiences for the public; and construct both indoor and outdoor
recreational facilities that will meet the physical, mental, and social needs of all citizens
• Objectives:
o Obtain state and federal funds for park and recreational facility development
whenever possible
o Ensure that all athletic facilities and parks are well maintained and safe
o Where possible, locate City parks and recreational facilities adjacent or
contiguous to school grounds to encourage the maximum use of both properties
o Purchase land for future projects while it is still available
o Support the construction of a fine arts center in the community
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 244 of 270
Appendices

U
L
o Work jointly with county agencies to provide facilities without duplication
o Update comprehensive parks and recreation plan to guide future facility
improvements and new programs
o Develop and administer periodically a citizen preference/needs assessment
survey and a recreational facility user survey to help determine recreational
facility and program deficiencies and future community needs
o Purchase additional park land in the area between existing City limits and the
new Highway 17 Bypass.
o Study the need for additional outdoor athletic fields and indoor recreational
facilities
o Construct skate park in area near the downtown
o Continue to update the Capital Improvement Program that focuses on facility and
infrastructure improvements for parks and recreation
o Bulkhead and develop waterfront property in downtown.
o Study Capital Equipment needs along with additional maintenance personnel
o Develop a municipal go If course to serve the Albemarle area
o Develop plans and begin construction of Greenway in areas that the City owns
property or has right-of-ways
o Develop parks in areas outside of City limits
o Construct a waterfront welcome center in the Fearing Street area
o Study the need and construction of Elizabeth City Fine Arts Center
o Study the need to expand senior facilities and programs to other locations
o Seek ways of increased availability of indoor aquatic facility
Police
• Goal: Work in partnership with the citizens of Elizabeth City to protect life and property,
solve neighborhood problems and enhance the quality of life in Elizabeth City through
the delivery of professional police services
• Objectives:
o Provide the citizens with the highest level of professional police services
available
o Construct a new Public Safety complex that will house the Police and Fire
Departments
o To purchase new computer hardware and software as new technology develops
o Seek and achieve National Accreditation
o Have MDTs (Mobile Data Terminals) in all police vehicles
o Update communications system to 800 mhz
o Increase personnel throughout the divisions of the department as the population
of the City grows and the City's needs expand
o Maintain and exceed levels of training required by the department and the state
o Ensure and expand communications between the police department, citizens and
citizen groups.
o Seek funding for special projects from Governor's Highway Safety Commission,
Governor's Crime Commission and other sources
o Ensure the safety of all police personnel at all times
o Eliminate high crime and problems areas through strict enforcement, education
programs and community involvement
Fire Protection
Goal: Provide the highest professional level of life and property safety through the
extension of fire prevention, life safety operations, and public education programs
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan
Appendices
Page 245 of 270

Objectives:
o Have Department of Insurance rating evaluation (5 to 3)
o Station 3 (North of the railroad tracks)
o Additional firefighters
o Replace all small fleet vehicles
o Replace Command Vehicle
o Traffic and intersection control system
o Continuation of ECFD's Training Facility
o Expand smoke detector program
o Develop a Arson Task Force
o Public Safety Complex
o First Responder Mutual Aid
o Replace communication system with 900 MHz. System
o Upgrade training aids for certification program
o Building for Engine 4, physical fitness equipment, and storage
o Two additional thermal imagers
o Personnel devoted to maintenance of fire equipment
o Station 4
o Replacement of two 1250 gpm Class A pumpers
o Purchase of portable air cylinder filling station
o Network computer system for Fire Stations and administrative offices
o Laptop computers on all frontline apparatus
o Implementation of firefighter rookie school
o Replacement of 102 ft. aerial ladder
o Fire station five
o Purchase of a quint (fire truck with a snorkel) fire apparatus
o Replacement of Station I and II
Economic Development
• Goal: Foster and support economic growth that is planned, controlled, and diversified.
Increase the tax base and encourage business and industry into the area which will
provide more and higher paying jobs
Objectives:
o Insure Elizabeth City's economic development plans and activities are meshed
with the county, state and the Northeast Partnership
o Develop specific marketing strategies for soliciting industry/business relocation to
our area
o Develop measurement tools to determine the effectiveness of our economic
development efforts
o Take actions to support existing business/industry in our community. Any
business/industry relocating from our area should be considered a defeat. An
analysis of this action is essential to reduce/eliminate the problem in the future
o Determine the causes for potential businesses/industries choice of other cities
and locations
o Develop an objective appraisal of the Elizabeth City economic environment
focusing on our strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats
o Taking each element of the AEDC's `three legged stool' analogy, develop specific
objectives to insure the elements are achieved
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan
Appendices
Page 246 of 270 '

' Housing/Neighborhood Development
• Goal: Facilitate the renewal and rehabilitation of existing neighborhoods while
' promoting the development of well designed new neighborhoods that preserve a high
quality of life. Provide home ownership opportunities for low to moderate income
residents
• Objectives:
o Increase the availability of affordable single-family houses
o Preserve and enhance the integrity and quality of existing residential
' neighborhoods
o Eliminate substandard housing
o Encourage features which contribute to a high quality of like within new
development
' o Promote compliance with current housing regulations and the UDO within
established neighborhoods
0
' Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 247 of 270
Appendices

Appendix L
Coastal Resource Commission (CRC) Land Use Plan Management Topic Goals and Planning
Obiectives
Goal
Maximize public access to the beaches and the public trust waters of the
coastal region
Objective
Develop comprehensive policies that provide access opportunities for the
M,
public along the shoreline within the planning jurisdiction
Goal
Ensure the development and use of resources or preservation of land
minimizes direct and secondary environmental impacts, avoids risks to public
health, safety and welfare, and is consistent with the capability of the land
based on considerations of interactions of natural and manmade features
Objective
Adopt and apply local development policies that balance protection of natural
resources and fragile areas with economic development
Policies should provide clear direction to assist local decision making and
consistency findings for zoning, divisions of land, and public and private
projects
Goal
Ensure that public infrastructure systems are appropriately sized, located, and
managed so that the quality and productivity of AEC and other fragile areas
are protected or restored
Objective
Establish level of service policies and criteria for infrastructure consistent with
future land needs projections
Goal
Conserve and maintain barrier dunes, beaches, floodplains, and other coastal
features for their natural storm protection functions and their natural resources
giving recognition to public health, safety, and welfare issues
Objective
Develop policies that minimize threats to life, property, and natural resources
resulting from development located in or adjacent to hazard areas such as
those subject to erosion, high winds, storm surge, flooding, or sea level rise
Goal
Maintain, protect and, where possible, enhance water quality in all coastal
wetlands, rivers, streams, and estuaries
Objective
Adopt policies for coastal waters within the planning jurisdiction to help ensure
that water quality is maintained if not impaired and improved if impaired
Goal
Integrate local concerns with the overall goals of CAMA in the context of land
use planning
Objective
Identify and address local concerns and issues, such as cultural and historic
areas, scenic areas, economic development, downtown revitalization or
general health and human service needs
oource: UAMA Lana use manning uumeunes, JuDcnapter itt .uiuz(a)p3)
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 248 of 270 '
Appendices

M M M M M M = M = M M M M
Appendix L, Continued
Impact of Policies on CRC Land Use Plan Management Topics
Pasquotank County
Impact of Pasquotank County Policies on CRC Land Use Plan Management Topics and Benchmarks
Land Use and
Development
Public Water
Land Use
Infrastructure
Carrying
Natural Hazard
Water Quality
Local Areas of
Policies s
Access
Compatibility
Capacity.___._.
Areas
Concern
Improvements
• Reduce the
Water, sewer,
Land uses and
Land use and
• Encourage
to existing
placement
and other
development
development
historic
access
of
services being
patterns that
measures that
preservation
locations
incompatibl
available in
reduce the
abate impacts
• Conserve
(see Table 44
a land uses
required
vulnerability to
that degrade
natural &
' Development
locations at
natural hazards
water quality
cultural
for the details
of new access
Preservatio
adequate
resources
of each policy)
areas
n of existing
capacities to
Planning for
• Improve quality
character
support
adequate
of life
development
evacuation
• Support
infrastructure.
economic
_....._._._._-..
...... _...... -__development _
4.2.1 A. Public Water Access Policies:
• Policy 1
Beneficial
_ Beneficial
• Policy 2
Beneficial
Beneficial—
• Policy 3
_
Beneficial
Beneficial
• Polic 4
Beneficial
Beneficial
4.2.1 B. Land
Use Compatibilit y
Policies:
• Policy 1
Beneficial
..__......... __.... ........ _..... _.... _.......
.... __.._ .. _ ....-_._....--------
_ ....—..._._._--- —
Beneficial
• Policy 2
Beneficial
• Policy 3
Beneficial _
Beneficial
• Policy 4
_
Beneficial
_ Beneficial
• Policy 5
Beneficial
Beneficial
• Policy 6
Beneficial
• Policy 7
Beneficial
Beneficial
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 249 of 270 Page
249 of 270
Appendices

Land Use and
Development
Policies
Public Water
Access
Land Use
Compatibility
Infrastructure
Carrying
Ca�city_-_
Natural Hazard
Areas
Water Quality
Local Areas of
Concern
• Policy 8
• Policy 9
_
Beneficial
Beneficial
Beneficial
--- _
___.........._._......_...
Beneficial
__.___......_.---..._.-.--__._.....--.._-_.._......_-._
...... _............ _..... ____._._._._...
Beneficial
• Policy 10
Beneficial
Beneficial
Beneficial
• Policy 11
Beneficial
Beneficial
Beneficial
• Policy 12
-
Beneficial
_
_
• Policy 13
-_...
• Policy 14
--._........-..-.__......................._...__._....---
Beneficial
-_ ... _ _
Beneficial
- -__._-._..
Beneficial
.... _..... --............. _........................ - .............. --.......
_ -----....- -----.
-.__...-........ ... _._........ _..... _.._....... --........
• Policy 15 Beneficial Beneficial
---- ._..... _... __.._......._......_..............._._-.._...._............. ................... ......-.._....__.._......__..........._..-......_ _- ..._ _....-..-..._.,.-......................................................... _........................._....................... .......... ..........-_.......-_.................. _-................................ ............................_....__.......-............... _............._................
4.2.1 C. Infrastructure Carrying Capacity Policies
• Policy 1
Beneficial
Beneficial
Beneficial
Beneficial
• Policy_?
^- _
_
Beneficial
_
- _
Beneficial
• Policy 3
_
Beneficial
-
Beneficial
• Policy 4
_
• Policy 5
_ _-..�.._...._.._......._.-.-........._...........__..._.._......-....._............_._..._..-
Beneficial
.... -......... -.--_.... ....... ..... _........ _............. _...
Beneficial
........ _.... _.... _........ _........ __...............................................................
.................. _.--................ -............ -......................... ..........
................................. _..... _.......................................... .._... ........
• Policy 6
.._._._.._._...__-___.
.._._....____-__._...._.
Beneficial
• Policy 7
4.2.1 D. Natural
• Policy 1
-
_.__ -_.._.._...._.._..._.-.___...__..--_.........._.._.
Hazard Areas Policies:
_.-.. - -----...__..._.......-...
___._ _
Beneficial
_......... _....... _.. ..__...
Beneficial
_.._-___ __....-.-.--.--...._----....._...----..__.-.......
_ _..-_..._...__..._.._ ---- _
___....._...__...._.._........_....._...__......
_-._._..... _ ..-_...._-....._-.._....
Beneficial
.... _......._._..._.._..__._....__._.......... __.-.-..-__
_.-._..__...._._-_..............._._.....
... _......_......____-._.... ___-_........._.._._.._..
..... __.._._.._......._......__.........-._.....................................
Beneficial
• Policy 2
Beneficial
_.
-.
Beneficial
_ _ _.....
Beneficial
• Policy 3
--- ..__..._......� _
• Policy 4
--- .... _.... _.__-..................._.._..._...._._..._._.-_.....
_ _ ...._.__........_....-. _
_______-._._._..-.-__._._........_......_...._._......_.......---._.._
Beneficial
....................... .........
Beneficial
- -- ._....._-_...--.........
_.._...-...................... _........ _......... _... _............. -----._........
• Policy 5 _.
• Policy 6
Beneficial
Beneficial
Beneficial
_..__.................... - _._...-.......
4.2.1 E. Water Quality Policies:
• Policy 1
Beneficial
Beneficial
• Policy 2
-.
Beneficial
Beneficial
- ............ __-.
• Policy 3.-.........--
Beneficial
• Policy 4
Beneficial
Beneficial
-. _.--.-. --. �__._. _... _ ....
..........
.................._Beneficial __....._..........
Beneficial
• Policy 5
Beneficial
Beneficial
• Polic 6
Beneficial
Beneficial
Beneficial
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 250 of 270 Page
250 of 270
Appendices

M M M M M M M m M M M M M i M M M r M
Land Use and
Development
Public Water
Land Use
Infrastructure
Carrying
Natural Hazard
Water Quality
Local Areas of
Policies
Access
Compatibility
__..__.___e_.._.._...._.
Capacity _
_._..........
Areas
__.... _.... __......... _............... _...... -....
-----._._..................... _..... _.......
Concern
...... _.... _..
_.._..._...._......_....._........_.....__....._._..
• Polic 7
_..__.._......._...._.......__......._.............._.._._.__...._._...._._._...
Beneficial
Beneficial
-- ......... _..............................Y..._.............._........................_..................................................................................................._............__...__........_.._...
4.2.1 F. Areas
of Environmental
Concern Policies:
----_.._......___-
—.-
-_--------- -........................._........_....._...._....
---.._........_..._._...__.._
_..._..................................._......_......._................._....._......_.....__......_._.................._._..._.._..
....._...__.—_______........_.._......_
........ _._......_......__.-.._.__.__......_.
__._—...__..._....__.__._._....._.._.....
• Policy 1
---..._._......._....___......_......_.................._..............._................_
___...._.
Beneficial
_... _ _____..._..._
Beneficial
• Policy 2
Beneficial
• Policy 3
Beneficial
Beneficial
• Policy 4
Beneficial
Beneficial
• Policy 5
Beneficial
Beneficial
• Policy 6
Beneficial—
• Policy 7
Beneficial
Beneficial
__
._......_ _..._.._._...-. .._....................
_._.._._...__...__......_......._.._._....
4.2.1 G. Areas
_......_...._..—.._.__._._...._...._.._....................._........._..............._...._._......_._..._..............._...._....-....._......._...__....._._...._
of Local Concern
Policies:
---------- _..... _......
_........ _ ..__.._—.__....._.............
... _._...... _.._........... _......... _..-___._.... ...........................
.............. __.._........_...._
............. _....................................... __............... -.--_....
.......... -... _............................... ..............................................
__...._....._...__.........._..._..............._........_..............................__................
• Policy 1
................_......._.....__....... _.....
.....................................................................................
Beneficial
.............................................. _................. _
Beneficial —
• Policy 2
Beneficial
• Policy 3
Beneficial
Beneficial
• Policy 4
Beneficial
Beneficial
• Policy 5
Beneficial
Beneficial
• Policy 6
1 Beneficial
Beneficial
Pasquotank County/Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 251 of 270 Page
251 of 270
Appendices

M M M M M i M M = M = M = M M M r
Elizabeth City
Impact of Elizabeth City Policies on CRC Land Use Plan Management Topics and Benchmarks
Land Use and
Public Water
Land Use
Infrastructure
Natural Hazard
Local Areas of
Development
Access
Compatibility
Carrying
Areas
Water Quality
Concern
Policies
Capacity
• Improvements
Reduce the
Water, sewer,
Land uses and
Land use and
. Expansion of
to existing
placement
and other
development
development
ETJ
access
of
services being
patterns that
measures that
. Eliminate blight
locations
incompatibl
available in
reduce the
abate impacts
• Balance growth
e land uses
required
vulnerability to
that degrade
. Enhance
• Development
locations at
natural hazards
water quality
recreational
(see Table 45
of new access
• Preservatio
adequate
Planning for
opportunities
for the details of
areas
n of existing
capacities to
adequate
. Promote
each policy)
character
support
evacuation
historic
development
infrastructure.
preservation
. Support
redevelopment
. Promote
tourism
----...__._..... ............ _ _ _
4.2.2 A. Public
._.... .................. ... ---........................ _.........._.._.__.....—
Water Access Policies:
— - — -
— -- -
----.... -....... --... _............................ ......
.._—_._.....__...... _..-.._............... _-.__..._._
... _.......... _..... __... ...... ................. _......... _......_......
.._.
• Policy 1
_-.-..._._._._......_..__....._....__..._..
Beneficial
_ _ ...--.._..__... -._
... _....... __..__._.._._... _..... _..-_._._..._
..... _...... _.............. -................................ _....... _.... __.......
....... .... _.._....__.-_...__...... _.... __.._.-.._
........ ..... __...... _....... _....... _........ _... ................... ........
Beneficial
_ .---.........-......
• Policy 2
-- ---...._...._...._.__.....-..........-.._._-....
Beneficial
__ ... - -- ----
Beneficial
- ......_._.-..-__..__...-.-.-..---.._....._.._..__
...................._....._......_..............................._._......._................---......_.---.........._..__.._...._._............._...__..._.........._.............__......................................_.................
• Policy 3
Beneficial
Beneficial
• Policy 4
Beneficial
Beneficial
_ -_
Beneficial _
• Policy 5
Beneficial
Beneficial
Beneficial
• Policy 6
Beneficial
Beneficial
• Policy 7
Beneficial
Beneficial
Beneficial
• Policy 8
Beneficial
---- --
_ _
Beneficial
• Polic 9
Beneficial
Beneficial
-
Beneficial
__....__.......__.._.............Y..._.. _ ..__.
4.2.2 B. Land
_...-. _ ._..._. -_........-......._..._._............_......._..................._...._
Use Corn
.._... _..._.........
..._........................._......_......_...._............_....................._................................................_..............._.................................._......................................................_..................w_......................................
• Policy 1
..... ...............Y....................._........................................._...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Beneficial
.. .
Beneficial
_
• Policy 2
- _ -.
-_
Beneficial
_..._.._..._..- ----._._.......
- ------..
-._--...._........--............................__....__..........._._....._.._._-.._----......._..._._......_.._....................._.............._....__...
...._----......__..-_
Beneficial
__ ....._.._._......... - .... -_.
---- - -._.._._._._._.........._......_....
...... ------- --
• Policy 3
Beneficial
Beneficial
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 252 of 270 Page
252 of 270
Appendices

M M ■■ M M Ilia M M M M M M M lilies ■■i ■■ M lip M
Land Use and
Development
Policies
Public Water
Access
Land Use
Compatibility
Infrastructure
Carrying
CapacityAreas
Natural Hazard
Water Quality
Local Areas of
Concern
• Policy 4
Beneficial
• Policy 5
.__._._._...____.._._._.___
Beneficial
Beneficial
• Policy 6
Beneficial
_
_.._ _ Beneficial--
• Policy 7
Beneficial
• Policy 8
Beneficial
Beneficial
• Policy 9
— _
Beneficial
_
Beneficial
Beneficial _
• Policy 10
Beneficial _
Beneficial
Beneficial
• Policy 11
Beneficial
• Policy 12
_
Beneficial
—_—
—_
_
Beneficial
• Policy 13 _
_.._re_ ... _......._._.._..__._.._._....._....__Beneficial
_
Beneficial
4.2.2 C. InfrastructuCarrying Capacity Policies
• Policy 1 —
Beneficial
Beneficial
Beneficial
• _Policy_ 2
— _
Beneficial
Beneficial
—
— —
• Policy-3-
Beneficial
Beneficial
• Policy 4
— —_
Beneficial
• Policy 5
Beneficial
Beneficial
• Policy 6
Beneficial
Beneficial
_• Policy 7
Beneficial
Beneficial
• Policy 8
Beneficial
Beneficial
--
Beneficial
• Policy 9
Beneficial
Beneficial
• 30licy 10
Beneficial
__.___._.--..--
Beneficial
—
__�____..—_
. _
---___._.__._._._...........__....__.._........_...
• Policy 11
Beneficial
_
• Policy 12
Beneficial
• Policy 13
Beneficial
Beneficial
• Policy 14
_
Beneficial
• Policy 15
Beneficial
• Policy 16
Beneficial
• Policy 17
_
Beneficial
• POlicy 18
Beneficial
Beneficial
• Policy 19
Beneficial
Beneficial
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 253 of 270 Page
253 of 270
Appendices

M
Land Use and
Development
Policies
Public Water
Access
Land Use
Compatibility
Infrastructure
Carrying
Capacity
Natural Hazard
Areas
Water Quality
Local Areas of
Concern
• Policy 20
......_..-__...._.---..__._....—_—......_.....__...—
_
Beneficial
----
--.. _.
Beneficial
• Policy 21
Beneficial
_...___
Beneficial
• Policy 22
Beneficial
Beneficial
Beneficial
'.-.._.._Policy 23_.._................__._........._......
4.2.2 D. Natural
................................................................_......._............._..................--_....................._._..
Hazard Areas Policies:
_ —__—_ --
Beneficial
__..._.._.._..-----._...._...._.__...__....._.................................._......_....._................................................._.__..............................._.__.......----.............__.._......................._._....._..........................._........_..................................................
• Policy 1
Beneficial
Beneficial
Beneficial
• Policy 2
..__...
—
Beneficial ...................
........................... --......... ---...................... -- .........
......... _—.—.... .....
• Policy 3
_ ...
Beneficial
_ — ..__._.................._..._..-_..................-_...
Beneficial
_ _ __...__._...... ........-----_..
Beneficial
_.._..... ._...
• Policy 4
Beneficial
_
Beneficial
• Policy 5
___.._....--.--..._..._.__..—__.__..--....._-....__...___............_._..—
Beneficial
_
Beneficial
• Policy 6
_._..._._._._...
...._._--.__..._
Beneficial
—__..—......._..__..__._____...._._..____.—._._..
• Policy 7
Beneficial
Beneficial
• Policy 8
--
• Policy 9
_.--__.......
_ - -----..._........_..-.-.-.---...__..._.......
Beneficial
....._._............_......._...._._._._........._......._.............._._......._-......................_._.......__........_..._................
Beneficial
- ... _.................. - ..... -- -
..'._._.._Polite 10__.__.
4.2.2_E. Water
• Policy 1
Quality Policies__
Beneficial
Beneficial
Beneficial _............__..._.___
............... ._..._...___............. __-..._-_._-...._._....-......
Beneficial
......... __......... _-_.___.__._-..
• Policy 2
Beneficial
Beneficial
Beneficial
_
• Policy 3
• Policy4
Beneficial
Beneficial
Beneficial
Beneficial
• Policy 5
—
Beneficial
• __Policy 6
_
Beneficial
Beneficial
• Policy 7
Beneficial
Beneficial
4.2.2 F. Areas of Environmental Concern Policies:
• Policy 1
• Policy 2
Beneficial
Beneficial
Beneficial
• Policy 3
Beneficial
Beneficial
• Policy 4 —
.
_
__-_....._.
—__..._
• P01icy 5
Beneficial
Beneficial
• Policy 6
Beneficial
Beneficial
Pasquotank County / Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 254 of 270 Page
254 of 270
Appendices

Land Use and
Development
Policies
Public Water
Access
Land Use
Compatibility
Infrastructure
Carrying
Capacity
Natural Hazard
Areas
Water Quality
Local Areas of
Concern
• Policy 7 —
• Policy 8
Beneficial
Beneficial
Beneficial
• Policy 9
Beneficial
Beneficial
• Policy 10
• Policy 11
—
Beneficial
Beneficial
Beneficial
Beneficial
Beneficial
Beneficial
• Policy 12
Beneficial
Beneficial
Beneficial
Beneficial
Policy 13
Beneficial
Beneficial
• Policy14
Beneficial
Beneficial
• Policy 15
Beneficial
• Polic 16
Y _
................._.._.._.._....._..........._
. _ __._._.
Beneficial
• Policy17
Beneficial
Beneficial
.• Policy 18
........................_._....._.........................—._�__..
Beneficial
_ —
-- .—.
_..—.—....._....._.........
—._ __ ---�..
4.2.2 G. Areas of Local Concern
................ _......__..._.._......._......_......_........................ -......................._................................._....._....................._._..........._
• —Policy-1
Policies: __..._-...
..... ..... .._..........._.._...... __... ..... -...._....._._._._..__..... .---.-......._.......... __...—........... __._._... _._.................. _.... _ .._.—.___.._........ _.................................... ..... _.._...................... -.......... _-_...........................
Beneficial Beneficial Beneficial
• Policy 2
Beneficial _
Beneficial _
• Policy 3
Beneficial
• Policy 4
Beneficial
• Policy 5
Beneficial
—_
Beneficial
• Policy 6_
Beneficial
_ —
Beneficial
• Policy 7
Beneficial
• Policy 8
_
Beneficial
Policy 9
Beneficial
• Policy 10
Beneficial
Beneficial
• 10lic 11
Beneficial
Beneficial
• Policy 12
Beneficial
• Policy 13
Beneficial
• Policy 14
Beneficial
_
—_--
Beneficial
• P01icy 15
Beneficial
Beneficial
• Policy 16
Beneficial
Beneficial
• Policy 17
1
1
1 Beneficial
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 255 of 270 Page
255 of 270
Appendices

M M M Ili M M M M M M M M M Ili M Ilia■
Land Use and
Development
Policies
Public Water
Access
Land Use
Compatibility
Infrastructure
Carrying
Capacity
Natural Hazard
Areas
Water Quality
Local Areas of
Concern
• Policy 18 _
Beneficial
• Policy 19
Beneficial
• Policy 20
Beneficial
Beneficial
• Policy 21
Beneficial
• Policy 22
Beneficial
• Policy 23
Beneficial
Beneficial
Note: Blank space in table indicates neutral impact. All local policies have been determined to have either a positive or neutral impact on CRC
management topics. No specific actions or programs are required to mitigate negative impacts.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 256 of 270 Page
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Appendices

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Appendix M
Citizen Participation Plan
Subchapter 7B of the North Carolina Administrative Code, Land Use Planning Guidelines,
requires that the Land Use Plan update process include a variety of educational efforts and
participation techniques to assure that all segments of the community have a full and adequate
opportunity to participate in all stages of the preparation of the land use plan. It is therefore the
responsibility of the Pasquotank County and the City of Elizabeth City to involve, inform and
educate a broad cross-section of the community's populace. It is the intent of Pasquotank
County and the City of Elizabeth City to have a continuous citizen participation and education
process that achieves these purposes.
The following steps will be taken to provide information to the public and to encourage citizen
involvement:
1. Establishment of Joint Land Use Plan Planning Committee
A Planning Committee representing a cross-section of the community will be organized
to serve as the body responsible for guiding the Joint Land Use Plan formulation effort.
The Planning Committee will serve in a review and advisory capacity to the elected
officials of Pasquotank County and Elizabeth City and to the project Planning
Consultant, The Wooten Company. The Planning Committee will meet on a periodic
basis with the Planning Consultant and local planning department staffs to assist the
Planning Consultant in defining land use and development issues and concerns,
reviewing draft land use plan components prepared by the Planning Consultant,
providing recommendations regarding land use plan content, and provide general input.
The Planning Committee members will keep their respective elected
governing/appointed board apprised of their activities and progress through regular oral
and/or written reports. The composition of the membership of the Planning Committee is
described in Attachment A.
The local staffing of the Planning Committee will be handled through the staffs of the
' Pasquotank County Planning Department and the Elizabeth City Planning Department.
The Pasquotank County Planning Director staff will serve as the local coordinator of the
CAMA Joint Land. Use Plan project.
' 2. Joint Land Use Plan Planning Committee Orientation
' An orientation meeting of the Joint Land Use Plan Planning Committee will be held in
February 2003. The meeting will focus on the purposes of the CAMA Joint Land Use
Plan, the process and schedule for preparing the plan, an overview of the 7B Land Use
Planning Guidelines, the recent changes to the guidelines, and a review of the draft
' Citizen Participation Plan. This meeting will be open to the public and its time and
location will be advertised in the local media. It is anticipated that this meeting may be
held prior to the initial public informational meeting.
' Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan
Appendices
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3. Initial Public Informational Meeting
A meeting of the Joint Land Use Plan Planning Committee will be held in March 2003 to
serve as an educational opportunity to inform the general public of the purpose of the
CAMA Joint Land Use Plan and the process for preparing the Plan and an opportunity to
solicit citizen comments. In addition, the following specific topics will be discussed:
• The local policy statements contained in the current CAMA land use
plans.
• The effect of those policies on the community.
• Ways the current CAMA land use plans have been used to guide
development during the past planning period.
• The methods to be utilized to inform the general public of the plan
preparation process and to solicit the views of citizens in the development
of updated policy statements.
• Key planning concerns and issues regarding public access to public trust
waters, land use compatibility, infrastructure carrying capacity, natural
hazard areas, water quality, and other growth and land development
issues of local concern.
• Community aspirations and visions for the future.
Notification of the meeting will be achieved through local newspaper notices, preparation
and distribution of PSA's to local radio and television stations, and posting on the County
and City Web pages. Written notice of the public informational meeting will be published
in a local newspaper twice prior to the meeting date. The first notice will be published
not less than 30 days prior to the public informational meeting and the second notice, not
less than 10 days prior to the meeting. Notice of the meeting will also be provided to the
Coastal Resources Advisory Council member and the Division of Coastal Management
District Planner.
4. Periodic Joint Land Use Plan Planning Committee Meetings
It is anticipated that the Joint Land Use Plan Planning Committee will meet at strategic
points throughout the land use planning process to provide general input into the plan
development and to review materials prepared by the Planning Consultant. Meetings
will be held to identify project goals and objectives; identify key planning and land use
issues and concerns; review an analysis of existing and emerging conditions; review
draft policy statements, land use suitability analyses, and Future Land Use Maps; review
land use management implementation plans and schedules; and review a draft of the
entire land use plan document. Planning Committee meetings will be held from
February 2003 to December 2003. Newspaper notices and PSA's to radio and
television stations will be prepared and distributed prior to each meeting. An opportunity
for public comment and input will be invited and encouraged at each meeting.
Pasquotank County/Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan
Appendices
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It is anticipated that at least six Planning Committee meetings will be held. The location
for Planning Committee meetings will be the Pasquotank County Courthouse, 206 East
Main Street, Elizabeth City. The regularly scheduled Planning Committee meetings will
be held during the 2"d week of each month. A tentative meeting schedule of the
Planning Committee is attached as Attachment B.
At all regular meetings of the Planning Committee, time will be provided on the meeting
agenda for public comment. A list of the names of the speakers providing public
comment and a copy of any written comments provided will be kept on file by
Pasquotank County. A copy of the written comments will also be provided to the
Division of Coastal Management District Planner for use in the CAMA land use plan
review process.
5. Public Forums in Special Focus Areas
The purpose of these meetings (three within the County jurisdiction and two within the
City jurisdiction) will be to review the draft Plan, particularly the land use and
development policies, Future Land Use Map, and implementation plan and schedule.
The meetings will afford another opportunity for public involvement prior to a formal
public hearing on the adoption of the Joint Land Use Plan. Notification of the meetings
will be achieved through local newspaper notices, preparation and distribution of PSA's
to local radio and television stations, posting on the County and City Web pages, and
distribution of notices within the focus areas.
6. Joint Planning Board/Commission and Elected Officials Review Meetings
The purpose of these meetings (anticipate one joint meeting with the County Planning
Board and Board of Commissioners and one joint meeting with the City Planning
Commission and the City Council) is to review the draft land use plan and to provide
another opportunity for general public comments.
7. Joint Public Hearing
A formal public hearing will be held jointly by the elected officials of Pasquotank County
and the City of Elizabeth City to review the final draft Joint Plan and to solicit citizen
comments. Following the public hearing each elected board will consider action on
adoption of the Plan. The public hearing will be advertised by newspaper notice at least
30 days prior to the date of the public hearings which is anticipated to be held in May
2004. Notice of the public hearings will also be posted at county and municipal facilities.
Additional means of public notification will include notices on Web pages and radio and
television PSA's. Copies of the final draft Joint Land Use Plan and executive summaries
will be available for review at county and municipal facilities in each community and at
the local public library.
' 8. Additional Means of Soliciting Public Involvement
In addition to the meetings outlined above, Pasquotank County and Elizabeth City
' will utilize the following means to increase public involvement and to disseminate
public information:
' Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan
Appendices
Page 259 of 270

• Monthly project progress reports will be made available to the
local media and posted on the County and City Web pages.
• Presentations by representatives of Pasquotank County and
Elizabeth City staffs and/or Planning Committee members to
civic, business, church, and similar groups, as requested.
• Use of local CAN and County and City Web pages for meeting
schedules, meeting notices, project progress reports, plan
drafts, and other public educational materials.
• The City of Elizabeth City may also utilize its utilities billings as
a means to provide meeting notice.
9. Additional Meetings
In addition to the meetings outlined above and in Appendix B, Pasquotank County and
Elizabeth City may elect to hold additional meetings if it is determined that more
meetings are needed to provide project information and/or provide additional
opportunities for soliciting citizen comments and public participation in the Land Use
Plan preparation process.
10. Stakeholder Groups
During the Land Use Plan preparation process, specific stakeholder or interest groups
may be identified. Such groups or individuals will, if requested, receive mailed meeting
notices and will be specifically encouraged to participate at all stages of the Land Use
Plan preparation process.
11. Amendment to the Citizen Participation Plan
Any amendment to the Plan will be approved by Pasquotank County and Elizabeth City
in the same manner as adoption of the original Plan.
Planning Committee Membership
Bill
1105 Lula Meads Rd.
Chairman, Pasquotank County Board of
252-330-2662
Trueblood
Elizabeth City 27909
County Commissioners
David Harris
1101 Park Drive
Chairman, Pasquotank County Planning
252-338-1909
Elizabeth City 27909
Board
Rodney
PO Box 39
Planning Director/Ass't County Manager,
252-335-5177
Bunch
Elizabeth City 27909
Pasquotank Count
Kirk Rivers
512 Magnolia Street
Elizabeth City City Council
252-338-2243
Elizabeth City 27909
Steve
1016 Rivershore Rd.
Chairman, Elizabeth City Planning Board
252-338-8674
Atkinson
Elizabeth City 27909
June Brooks
PO Box 347
Planning Director, City of Elizabeth City
252-337-6673
Elizabeth City 27907
Shelley Cox
PO Box 39
Planning Director, Pasquotank County
252-335-1891
Elizabeth City 27909
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 260 of 270
Appendices

I
Tentative Planning Committee Meeting Schedule
1 Joint Pasquotank County/Elizabeth City Advanced Core Land Use Plan
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February 20,2003
Planning Committee Orientation Meeting
March 13, 2003
Initial Public Informational Meeting
March 13, 2003
Planning Committee #2 re: Community Concerns and Aspirations;
evaluation of existing policies; vision statement
April 10, 2003
Planning Committee #3 re: Analysis of Existing And Emerging Conditions;
existing land use maps, environmental composite map, land suitability
map, transportation systems map, storm surge map, soils map, existing
water and sewer systems maps, and natural features map; population and
housing analysis
May 8, 2003
Planning Committee #4 re: Plan for the Future; future land use categories;
land use issues; land use goals and objectives; focus areas
June 24, 2003
Planning Committee #5 re: Plan for the Future; Future Land Use Maps,
developed lands map; Halstead Boulevard Connector future and use
pattern
August 14, 2003
Planning Committee #6 re: Plan for the Future; Future Land Use Maps,
land usepolicies; Halstead Boulevard Connector
September 11,
Planning Committee #7 re: Plan for the Future; Future Land Use Maps,
2003
land use goals and policies; Halstead Boulevard Connector; vision
statements
January 8, 2004
Planning Committee #8 re: Plan for the Future; Future Land Use Maps;
land use policies
A ril 26, 2004
Elizabeth City - City Council work session on status of Land Use Plan
June 23, 28, and
County Public Forums regarding the draft Land Use Plan
29, 2004
September 27,
Elizabeth City - City Council work session review of the draft Land Use
2004
Plan
October 4 and 14,
Elizabeth City Public Forums regarding the draft Land Use Plan
2004
October 14, 2004
Joint Pasquotank County Board of Commissioners/Planning Board review
of draft document
TBA
Joint Elizabeth City - City Council/Planning Commission review of draft
document
TBA
Joint Public Hearin
July 2007
Pasquotank County Board of Commissioners meeting re: adoption of plan
July 2007
Elizabeth City - City Council meeting re: adoption of plan
Regularly scheduled Planning Committee meetings will be held in the Pasquotank County
' Courthouse, 206 East Main Street, Elizabeth City. The location of all other meetings will be
determined at a later date. Meeting dates are tentative and are subject to change. Notification
of the meetings will be achieved through local newspaper notices, preparation and distribution
of PSA's to local radio and television stations, and/or posting on the County and City Web
pages. Notice of the meetings will also be provided to the Coastal Resources Advisory Council
member and the Division of Coastal Management District Planner.
Pasquotank County/Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 261 of 270
Appendices

Local Media Resources
1. The Daily Advance
2. Local Public Access CATV station: Channel 14
3. Pasquotank County Web: www.co.pasquotank.nc.us
4. Elizabeth City Web: www.ci.elizabeth-City.nc.us
5. Local radio stations: WCNC-AM '
WFMZ-FM
WGAI-AM
WKJX-FM
WRVS -FM
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 262 of 270
Appendices

Appendix N
' Halstead Boulevard Extension Overlay District Regulations
Elizabeth City Unified Development Ordinance
Article XII, Environmental and Special Purpose Regulations
' 12.10 Halstead Boulevard Extension Overlay g District Regulations
' 12.10.1 General
The Halstead Boulevard Extension Overlay District is hereby established to provide a set of
' comprehensive land use regulations for the Halstead Boulevard Extension corridor. The
overlay district allows industrial, commercial and residential opportunities in a compatible
relationship while maintaining an integrated and pleasing visual travel corridor. All permitted
' uses in this overlay district shall be subject to the procedures, standards and guidelines
specified in the following sections, in addition to other applicable rules, regulations and
permit requirements. In cases of conflicts with the regulations in the underlying zoning
district, the more restrictive requirements shall apply.
The provisions shall apply to all areas designated as the HBEOD and defined on the official
' zoning map of the City of Elizabeth City. The provisions of this section shall also include
areas within the City's extra territorial jurisdiction as shown on the official zoning map of the
City.
' 12-10.2 Standards
(A) The use and development of any land or structure within the HBEOD shall
' comply at a minimum with the use regulations and intensity regulations
applicable to the underlying zoning district
' (B) All commercial and industrial zoned properties shall be developed according to
the following design and development standards:
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1. Building and Facade Design
a. Facades shall be designed to reduce the massive scale and the
one dimensional appearance of large retail buildings and to
provide visual interest.
b. Facades greater than 50 feet in length measured horizontally,
visible from a public street, shall incorporate wall plane projections
or recesses having a depth of at least 3 feet (for each 50 feet in
fagade length) to break up the expansiveness of the exterior. All
recesses shall be well lit to encourage a safe environment.
C. Fronts and sides of buildings oriented toward a public area or
street shall incorporate arcades, display windows, entry areas,
awnings or other such features. Any side of a building oriented
toward a public area or street or an internal street used by the
public shall incorporate display windows, false windows, awnings
or other features to add visual interest.
d. Facades that do not face public areas or streets shall incorporate
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan
Appendices
Page 263 of 270

a repeating pattern that includes color change, texture change and
material change, each of which shall be integral parts of the
building - not superficially applied trim, graphics, or paint. At least
one of these elements shall repeat horizontally.
e. The structural or architectural bay pattern of the building shall be
expressed on the exterior through the use of reveals, projecting
ribs, or offsets to a minimum depth ofatieast12 inches.
f. Any fagade that is not visible from a public area or street or from a
private internal street used by the public shall be painted a
coordinating color to complement the front and side facades.
g. Building materials shall include brick, wood, fiber -cement siding,
stone, textured split face block, tinted and textured concrete
masonry or synthetic stucco. Metal style buildings are prohibited.
2. Landscaping and Buffering
a. Any loading operations within view of residential, office, or
multifamily developments or public rights -of -way shall be screened
by a landscaped berm or a solid wall with landscaping on the
outside at least 4' high.
b. Parking areas shall be enhanced with additional landscaping.
Creative site design, to include preservation of existing stands of
trees and clustered landscaped areas, is encouraged over
symmetrical rows of small landscaped islands.
C. Sites with existing trees and vegetation along the street frontage
shall retain those landscape features and integrate them into the
landscape plan for the shopping center. Existing features shall be
shown on the site plan.
d. To the greatest extent possible, 25% of the landscaping shall be
evergreen species.
e. Landscape islands shall be designed so that plant material is not
located on the first two (2) feet of the edge of the island, where it
is most likely to be trampled by individuals exiting and entering
parked vehicles. Such edge shall be mulched or paved with
porous paving material.
f. Landscaping shall be provided for islands within parking areas
and islands separating out parcels and main parking areas.
g. A landscaping plan for the shopping center complex shall be
developed by the applicant/developer and submitted for review
and approval with the site plan.
3. Parking and Circulation
a. Vehicular parking areas shall be distributed around at least three
(3) sides of retail buildings in order to reduce the overall scale of
the paved parking surface. The Technical Review may reduce this
requirement to two (2) sides during site plan review.
b. The vehicular circulation system, which provides access to the
parking area, shall be designed to reduce the number of vehicular
conflicts to a minimum. Adequate stacking for vehicles shall be
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 264 of270
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provided at the access points from the parking area.
C. Parking spaces for the shopping center and out parcels shall be
provided as specified and prescribed in the Elizabeth City
Ordinance Standards for parking.
d. Parking spaces shall be at least 9' x 19'.
e. Internal streets and ways shall be constructed to meet or exceed
construction standards for state and City maintained streets or
roads.
4. Pedestrian Access
a. Out parcels shall be connected to each other and to the main
shopping center by pedestrian walkways and/or bikeway access.
b. Continuous internal pedestrian walkways, no less than five feet in
width, shall be provided to the principal customer entrance of all
principal buildings on the site.
C. Walkways shall connect focal points of pedestrian activity such as,
transit stops, street crossings, building and store entry points, and
parking areas.
d. Walkways shall feature adjoining landscape areas that include
trees, shrubs, flower beds, ground covers, or such other materials
to enhance the appearance of the walkway areas and shall have
adequate lighting.
e. Building entrances shall include weather protection features such
as awnings or arcades having a width at least double that of the
doorway over which they are located.
5. Signs
a. No advertising signs (billboards) shall be located within the
overlay district.
b. Style, size, color, and building material of all signs on the site shall
be coordinated, including signs for any out parcel development,
on -site directional signs, and signs to be located on the face of
any structure.
C. Colors for sign bases (foundations, supports, and/or frames) shall
be primarily neutral or earth tone (no primary colors). A limited
amount of brighter accents (primary colors), such as those found
in corporate logos, are acceptable in sign messages but not in
sign bases.
d. Free standing signs associated with a retail use shall be
monument style with a maximum height of 8 feet and a maximum
length of 8 feet and have a message area of not more than 32
square feet. A minimum of 75 square feet of landscaping,
consisting of at least 50% evergreens, shall be included at the
base of the sign. Sign materials shall be durable, attractive, and
coordinated with materials used on the primary structure(s). Sign
bases shall be constructed of masonry or similar materials.
e. Signs of individual businesses attached to their respective building
front shall be limited to 1 .5 square feet of sign area for each linear
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan
Appendices
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foot of store frontage.
f. Free standing monument style signs at the main entranceway(s)
to the shopping center shall have a maximum height of 8 feet
above the elevation of the state or City maintained street or road
closest to it and a maximum length of 12 feet and have a message
area of not more than 50 square feet. A minimum of 75 square
feet of landscaping, consisting of at least 50% evergreens, shall
be included at the base of the sign. Sign materials shall be
durable, attractive, and coordinated with materials used on the
primary structure(s). Such signs may be internally lighted. Sign
bases shall be constructed of masonry or similar materials.
g. Free standing monument style signs at auxiliary entranceway(s) to
the shopping center shall have a maximum height of 7 feet and a
maximum length of 12 feet and have a message area of not more
than 24 square feet. A minimum of 75 square feet of landscaping,
consisting of at least 50% evergreens, shall be included at the
base of the sign. Sign materials shall be durable, attractive, and
coordinated with materials used on the primary structure(s). Sign
bases shall be constructed of masonry or similar materials.
h. Tower or beacon signs for the purpose of marking the location of
the shopping center complex shall have a maximum height of 25
feet above the road and a maximum length of 12 feet and have a
message area of not more than 50 square feet per side; shall not
include the names of individual businesses within the complex as
a part of its message area; and, shall be limited to the name of the
shopping center complex. Sign bases shall be constructed of
masonry or similar materials. A minimum of 100 square feet of
landscaping, consisting of at least 50% evergreens, shall be
included at the base of the sign.
i. All electrical or mechanical devices associated with free standing
signs shall be designed to be housed inside the base of the sign.
6. Outdoor Display Areas, Machines and Ground Level Mechanical
Equipment
a. All outdoor display areas, including garden centers and any
seasonal sales, shall be enclosed on all sides with high -quality
fencing such as fencing resembling wrought iron, (chain link
fencing is prohibited).
b. All outdoor display areas shall be designated on the site plan and
must not extend into parking areas.
C. Vending machines shall not be visible from public pedestrian
areas outside the business structure, including garden areas.
d. Mechanical or HVAC equipment shall not be installed at ground
level along any portion of a building facing a state or City
maintained street or road or internal street or way unless such
location is necessitated by the nature and design of the building it
serves. Roof top installation may be allowed provided that such
equipment is concealed behind a parapet wall.
e. A solid fence or wall and native plants shall screen any ground
level equipment. Block or brick enclosures, if used, may include
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 266 of 270
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decorative openings within the block or brick pattern.
f. Shrubs shall be at least ten (10) gallons in size, and trees must be
at least two (2) inches in caliper at planting.
7. Storm Water Management
a. On -site storm water management facility ponds shall be
attractively landscaped with amenities. All ponds shall be aerated
with a fountain or waterfall type feature. Wetlands benching,
fountains, and the incorporation of walking trails and pedestrian
benches around the perimeter of the ponds are all encouraged.
Lighting of these areas is required for safety.
b. Should a storm water management pond be enclosed, chain link
fencing is prohibited
C. To the greatest degree possible, storm water management shall
utilize existing regional storm water management facilities.
d. A storm water management plan for the shopping center complex
shall be prepared by the applicant/developer and submitted for
review and approval with the site plan.
(C) All residentially zoned property shall be developed in accordance with the
standards set forth in the applicable zoning districts in addition to the following.
1. Setbacks
a.
Building setbacks along the Halstead Boulevard Extension
corridor from Thunder Road and the Halstead Boulevard
Extension intersection east to the overlay district boundary shall
be 25 feet from the right of way of Halstead Boulevard Extension.
b.
Building setbacks along Halstead Boulevard Extension from
Thunder Road/ Halstead Boulevard Extension intersection west to
the overlay district boundary shall be 50 feet from the edge of the
right-of-way of `Halstead Boulevard Extension.
C.
Building setbacks along Thunder Road within the overlay
boundary shall be 50 feet from the edge of the right-of-way of
Thunder Road.
d.
Building setbacks along Forest Park Road with the overlay district
shall be 25 feet from the edge of the right-of-way from Forest Park
Road.
e.
Building setbacks along Wellfield Road within the overlay
boundary shall be 50 feet from the edge of the right-of-way from
Wellfield Road.
2. Outdoor lighting
a. All outdoor lighting shall be shielded in such a manner that no
direct glare from the light source can be seen from Halstead
Boulevard. All lighting shall be in accord with the North Carolina
Department of Transportation Standards as per AASHTO
publication "Roadway Lighting Design Guide, 2005."
b. All utility lighting poles shall be black in color.
C. All utility lighting poles in residential subdivisions shall be
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAW Land Use Plan
Appendices
Page 267 of 270

decorative in material and subject to the approval of the City of
Elizabeth City Public Utilities Director to ensure consistency of
design and construction.
d. All utility supplies shall be underground.
3. Streetscapes
a. Residential subdivisions shall be designed to encourage
pedestrian traffic. Street design and elements such as sidewalks,
bikeways and walking trails should be incorporated for visual
appeal.
b. Subdivisions with 40 lots or more shall have entry statements that
create a distinctive image of a particular residential development.
Any entry statement or feature should be designed to assist
passing motorists to easily identify the development, and should
complement the overall appearance of the greater community of
which it is a part. Water features and or other architecturally
designed features shall be incorporated as part of a entry
statement feature.
C. Subdivisions shall be designed to connect with a street network in
any adjacent development or neighborhood creating an
interconnected street network.
d. Each subdivision shall provide for street trees between the street
right-of-way and the sidewalk. Each single family lot shall have at
least one street tree
e. Parks, opens space or community gathering areas shall be
provided in all residential districts. These areas should be located
adjacent to residential streets or in areas that have community
wide use. Open areas encircled by residential lots are
discouraged.
(D) All properties within the Halstead Boulevard Extension Overlay District shall
access Halstead Boulevard at a "designated access" as illustrated on the official
overlay zoning map. Those properties that do not have direct access to Halstead
Boulevard shall be granted access through t hose properties that do have a
"designated access."
(E) All -properties abutting Halstead Boulevard shall pay a development fee equal to
the costs to install a four (4) foot wide concrete sidewalk. The costs of such
improvements shall be determined by the Director of Public Utilities of the City of
Elizabeth City.
(F) Appeals from the requirements of the Halstead Boulevard Overlay District may
be taken to the Planning Commission by any person aggrieved. The Planning
Commission shall follow the requirements of the appeals and variances in Article
7 of the Elizabeth City Unified Development Ordinance.
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan
Appendices
Page 268 of 270 '

M
Appendix O
Distribution of Acreage for Existing and Future Land Use Map Classifications
Distribution of Acreage for Existing and Future Land Use Map Classifications
pasquotank County Jurisdiction
EXISTING LAND USE CLASSIFICATIONS AND ACREAGE*
Confined
Agricultural
Residential
Undeveloped
Forestry
Institutional/
Animal
Industrial
Commercial
Total
57,966
4,460
30,220
37,730
Public
Operations
790
710
Acreage
1,220
210
133,306
Future Land Use
Classifications &
Acreage
Rural Agricultural 70,230
30,704
0
2,415
36,901
0
210
0
0
70,230
Low Density
2,864
50
0
0
0
0
5,575
Residential 5,575
665
1,996
Medium/High Density
Residential 94
0
21
70
3
0
0
0
0
94
Mixed Residential 8,333
2,186
2,443
3,504
200
0
0
0
0
8,333
Commercial 2,608
885
0
957
89
0
0
0
710
2,608
Mixed Use 1,349
155
0
856
159
179
0
0
0
1,349
Public/Institutional 1,041
0
0
0
0
1,041
0
0
0
1,041
Industrial 6,508
5,631
0
0
87
0
0
790
0
6,508
Agricultural 26,250
20,261
0
5,748
241
0
0
0
0
26,250
Conservation 7,564
2,300
0
0
5,264
0
0
0
0
7,564
Total Acreage 129,552
62,787
4,460
16,414
42,994
1,220
210
790
710
129,552
*Rounding may result in totaling errors
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 269 of 270
Appendices

ice■ M = M M M M =
Distribution of Acreage for Existing and Future Land Use Classifications
City of Elizabeth City Jurisdiction
EXISTING LAND USE CLASSIFICATIONS
AND ACREAGE
Public and
Total
Residential
Commercial
Industrial
Institutional
Undeveloped*
Acrea a**
Future Land
Use
Low
Med/High
Classification
1,078
1,102
& Acreage
490
220
1,160
7,844
11,894
Low Density
Residential 3,058
868
53
36
0
17
2,076
3,050
Medium/High
Density 2,115
62
1,006
23
7
89
924
2,111
Residential
General
Commercial 1,603
73
21
382
20
22
1,079
1,597
Mixed Use
880
0
0
0
0
0
880
880
Downtown
Mixed Use 73
1
10
27
10
20
5
73
Public and
Institutional 1,021
1
0
0
0
628
391
1,020
Industrial
435
9
0
9
172
5
238
433
Conservation
and Open 2,029
64
12
13
11
379
2,251
2,730
Space
Totals*
11,213
1,078
1,102
490
220
1,160
7,844
11,894
*Includes vacant developable land as well as land subject to flood hazards, wetlands, etc.
** Includes road right-of-ways and water areas
Pasquotank County /Elizabeth City CAMA Land Use Plan Page 270 of 270
Appendices