Land Use Plan Update-1992

' PAMI,ICO COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
1992 LAND USE PLAN UPATE
1
PREPARED FOR
rPAMLICO COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
BY
' HOLLAND CONSULTING PLANNERS, INC.
JULY, 1992
' Adopted by the Pamlico County Board of Commissioners: July 20, 1992
Certified by the Coastal Resources Commission: July 24, 1992
r
DCM COPY
DCM COPY
lease do not remove.....
Division of Coastal Management
' The preparation o. -a" document was financed in part through a grant
provided by the North Carolina Coastal Management Program, through funds
' provided by the Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, as amended, which
is administered by the Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management,
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.

PAMLICO COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
1992 LAND USE PLAN
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION
I: ANALYSIS OF EXISTING CONDITIONS
Page
A.
ESTABLISHMENT OF INFORMATION BASE
I-1
'
B.
DEMOGRAPHICS AND HOUSING
I-3
1.
Pamlico County Permanent Population
I-3
a) Regional and County Population Growth
I-3
b) Pamlico County Pattern of Population Growth,
I-5
1970-1990
c) Composition by Age
I-6
d) Composition by Race and Sex
I-7
2.
Pamlico County Seasonal Population
I-9
'
a) Introduction and Methodology
b) Regional Trends
I-9
I-10
c) Seasonal Population Impact Pamlico County,
I-13
1970-90
3.
Pamlico County Housing Characteristics
I-13
a) Number and Type of Private Housing Units
I-13
b) Tenure and Condition of Year-round
I-15
'
Housing Units
c) Single and Multi -Family Units
I-18
'
C.
ECONOMY
I-22
1.
General Economic Indicators
I-22
2.
Relative Growth of Industries and Trades
I-23
3.
Tourism and Recreation
I-26
4.
Agriculture
I-26
5.
Manufacturing
I-27
6.
Commercial Fishing
I-28
7.
Real Estate and Construction
I-30
8.
Retirees
I-31
'
D.
EXISTING LAND USE SUMMARY
I-32
1.
General Land Use Summary
I-32
E.
LAND AND WATER USE COMPATIBILITY ANALYSIS
I-36
'
1.
General Discussion
I-36
2.
Unplanned Development
I-36
'
3.
4.
Changes in Predominant Land Uses
Summary
I-37
I-38
1

F. DEVELOPMENT CONSTRAINTS: PUBLIC FACILITIES
I-39
1.
Water Supply
I-39
'
2.
Wastewater Disposal
I-39
3.
Educational Facilities
I-41
4.
Transportation
I-43
5.
Recreation and Open Space
I-44
6.
Solid Waste Disposal
I-45
7.
Other County Facilities
I-46
8.
Topography/Geology and Groundwater Resources
I-46
9.
Flood Hazard Areas
I-47
10.
Areas with Soils Limitations
I-51
11.
Manmade Hazards
I-53
'
12.
Fragile Areas
I-55
a) Coastal Wetlands
I-57
b) Estuarine Waters
I-57
c) Estuarine Shorelines
I-57
d) Public Trust Areas
I-58
e) Historic and Archaeological Sites
I-58
f) 404 Wetlands
I-59
g) Natural Resource Fragile Areas
I-60
h) Slopes in Excess of 12%
I-61
i) Excessive Erosion Areas
I-62
,
13.
Areas of Resource Potential
I 64
a) Agricultural and Forest Lands
I-64
b) Public Forests
I-65
,
c) Public Parks
I-65
d) Public Gamelands
I-65
e) Private Wildlife Sanctuaries
I-65
f) Valuable Mineral Resources
I-66
'
g) Marine Resources
I-66
G. CURRENT PLANS, STUDIES AND REGULATIONS I-71 '
1. Plans I-71
2. Regulations and Ordinances I-72
3. Consistency of Local Policies and Ordinances with
the Land Use Plan I-73
4. Implementation/Effectiveness of the 1985 Land
Use Plan Update I-76
SECTION II: PROJECTED LAND DEVELOPMENT ANALYSIS '
A. Projected Population Growth and Residential
Development II-1
1. General Discussion II-1
2. Year -Round Population Projections
3. Seasonal Population II-4
4. Projected Housing Characteristics II-5
1

'
Pie
B. Projected Economic Development Trends and
Related land Use Issues
II-7
1. General Economic.Projections
II-7
2. Tourism and Recreation
II-9
3. Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing
II-10
4. Manufacturing
II-10
5. Real Estate and Construction
II-10
6. Wholesale and Retail Trade and Services
II-11
7. Government Employment
II-11
C. Public Facilities Development Needs and Land
'
Use Issues
II-12
1. Water Supply
2. Wastewater Treatment and Disposal
II-12
II-12
3. Storm Drainage
II-14
4. Transportation
II-14
5. Solid Waste Disposal
II-15
6. Educational Facilities
II-15
7. Parks and Recreation
II-15
'
D. Redevelopment Issues
II-16
' SECTION III: LAND CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM
Developed III-1
Community III-1
Limited Transition III-2
Rural with Services III-2
Conservation I III-2
Conservation II III-3
SECTION IV: POLICY STATEMENTS
1 A. INTRODUCTION TO POLICY STATEMENTS IV-1
B. RESOURCE PROTECTION POLICY STATEMENTS
IV-3
Soils
IV-3
-- Flood Hazard Areas
IV-4
-- Groundwater/Protection of Potable Water
Supplies
IV-6
-- Manmade Hazards
IV-6
-- Stormwater Runoff
IV-7
Cultural/Historic Resources
IV-8
Industrial Impacts on Fragile Areas
IV-8
-- Package Treatment Plant Use
IV-8
Marina and Floating Home Development
IV-8
Development of Sound and Estuarine Islands
IV-10
-- Bulkhead Construction
IV-10
Sea Level Rise
IV-10
Maritime Forests
IV-10

Page
C.
RESOURCE PRODUCTION AND MANAGEMENT STATEMENTS
IV-11
-- Recreation Resources
IV-11
-- Productive Agricultural and Forest Lands
IV-12
-- Aquaculture
IV-12
-- Residential, Commercial and Industrial
Development Impacts on Resources
IV-12
-- Marine Resource Areas
IV-14
-- Off -Road Vehicles
IV-14
-- Peat or Phosphate Mining
IV-14
D.
ECONOMIC AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
IV-15
-- General
IV-15
-- Water Supply and Sewer Systems
IV-15
-- Solid Waste
IV-15
-- Stormwater
IV-16
-- Energy Facility Siting and Development
IV-16
-- Community Facilities
IV-16
-- Redevelopment of Developed Areas
IV-16
-- Estuarine Access
IV-17
-- Types and Locations of Desired Industry
IV-17
-- Commitment to State and Federal Programs
IV-17
-- Assistance in Channel Maintenance
IV-17
-- Tourism
IV-18
-- Transportation
IV-18
-- Aesthetic and Visual Resources
IV-19
E.
CONTINUING PUBLIC PARTICIPATION POLICIES
IV-20
F.
STORM HAZARD MITIGATION POLICIES
IV-22
SECTION V: RELATIONSHIP OF POLICIES AND
LAND CLASSIFICATIONS
A. DEVELOPED CLASS V-1
B. LIMITED TRANSITION V-1
C. COMMUNITY CLASS V-1
D. CONSERVATION I V-2
E. CONSERVATION II V-2
8

LIST OF TABLES
Page
Table 1: Total Population and Percent Change for
I-3
'
CAMA-Regulated Counties, 1960-1990
Table 2: Total Year -Round Population Growth and
I-5
Percent Change By Municipality and Unincorporated
Areas - Pamlico County, 1970-1990
Table 3: Total Population by Age and Percent Change
I-6
Pamlico County, 1970-1990
Table 4-: Percentages of Total Population by Age Group
I-7
Pamlico County, 1970-1990
Table 5: Number and Percent Increase by Race and Sex
I-8
Pamlico County, 1970-1990
Table 6: Percentages of Total Population by Race
I-9
and Sex, Pamlico County, 1970-1990
Table 7:, Summary of Seasonal Housing Units for
I-11
Selected Coastal Counties in Albemarle -Pamlico
'
Estuarine Study Area, 1980-90
Table 8: Summary of Peak Seasonal Population for
I-12
Selected Coastal Counties in Albemarle -Pamlico
Estuarine Study Area, 1980-90
Table 9: Relationship of Seasonal Permanent Population
I-13
Pamlico County, 1980-1990
Table 10: Number and Percentage Increase of Year-round
I-14
and Seasonal Private Housing Units -
Pamlico County, 1970-90
Table 11: Total and Average Annual Number of
I-14
New Year-round and Seasonal Private Housing Units -
Pamlico County, 1970-90
Table 12: Household Size and Tenure of Year -Round
I-15
Housing Units - Pamlico County - 1970-90
rTable
13: Housing Conditions - Pamlico County, 1970-1980
I-16
Table 14: Total Year -Round Housing Units and Percent
I-18
Increase by Units in Structure - Pamlico County,
1970-80
Table 15: Summary of Economic Indicators I-22
Pamlico County, 1970-88
' Table 16: Relative Growth of Income -Producing I-23
Industries and Trades - Pamlico County, 1970-88
Table 17: Rank of Industry by Employment and Earnings I-25
' Pamlico County, 1970 and 1988

Page
Table 18: Growth of Personal Farm Income and I-26
Harvested Cropland - Pamlico County, 1970-88
Table 19: List of Manufacturing Facilities I-27
Pamlico County, 1990
Table 20: Commercial Fishing Landings by Species I-28
Pamlico County, 1985 and 1989
Table 21: Total Commercial Fishing Landings I-30
(Thousands of Pounds)
Pamlico County and North Carolina, 1985-89
Table 22: Pamlico County Land Use Trend I-35
Table 23: Enrollment vs. Design Capacity I-41
in Pamlico County Schools, 1990-91
Table 24: Recreational Court Sites in Pamlico County I-44
Table 25: Pamlico County Soils Associations I-51
Table 26: Agricultural Farmland Soil Associaions I-66
and Management Limitation Rate
Table 27: Total Year -Round Population Growth and II-2
Percent Change By Municipality and Unincorporated
Areas - Pamlico County, 1990-2000
Table 28: Average Annual Year -Round Population Growth II-2
Rate and Percent Change - Pamlico County, 1980-2000
Table 29: Total Population by Age and Percent Change II-3
Pamlico County, 1990-2000
Table 30: Population and Percent Increase by Race II-3
and Sex - Pamlico County, 1990-2000
Table 31: Relationship of Seasonal Permanent Population II-4
Pamlico County, 1990-2000
Table 32: Number and Percentage Increase of Year -Round II-5
and Seasonal Private Housing Units
Pamlico County, 1990-2000
Table 33: Relative Growth of Income -Producing Industries II-7
and Trades - Pamlico County, 1988-2000
Table 34: Rank of Industry by Employment and Earnings II-9
Pamlico County, 1988 and 2000
Table 35: Projected Minimum Acreage Needs for the II-15
Year 2000

LIST OF MAPS
Map
1:
Residential Subdivisions, January 1991
Map
2:
Areas of Environmental Concern and Other Fragile Areas
Map
3:
Existing Development
Map
4:
County Water System
Map
5:
Bay River Metropolitan Sewerage District
Map
6:
Flood Zones
Map
7:
Flood Hazard Areas
Map
8:
Soils Map
Map
9:
Military Aviation Restricted and Alert Areas
Map
10:
High Erosion Rate Areas
Map
11:
Potential Deposits of Phosphate
Map
12:
Peat, Resources
Map
13:
Water Classifications
Map
14:
Sewer Service Areas
Map
15:
Land Classification Map
I-21
I-33
I-34
I-40
I-42
I-48
I-4 9
I-52
I-56
I-63
I-67
I-68
I-70
II-13
III-4

The preparation of this map was
financed In part through o 9rani
provided by the North Carolina
Coastal Management Program,
through funds provided by the
Coastal Zone Management Act of
1972. as amended. which Is
adminiatered by the Office of
Ocean and Coastal Resource
Management, National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration.
Scala in Miles
0 25 50 75 100
PAMLICO COUNTY LOCATION MAP
11111110
:0 COUNTY

I
SECTION I
ANALYSIS OF EXISTING CONDITIONS
I .
L

A: ESTABLISHMENT OF INFORMATION BASE
The outline of this land use plan update for Pamlico County
follows the general planning analysis suggested by the CAMA
planning guidelines that are outlined in Subchapter 7B, Land Use
Planning Guildelines, of the North Carolina Administrative Code
(amended October 25, 1989). Section I of the plan, an analysis of
existing conditions, first identifies demographic and economic
trends that have directed land development patterns with the
county over the past twenty years. The results of continuing
development are then summarized in a quantitative summary of
existing land use county -wide, and a narrative description of
existing land use by township. The description of existing land
use is followed with an analysis of significant land use
incompatibility issues currently facing the county. The discus-
sion of existing conditions also includes an outline of physical
constraints to development, consisting of a summary of fragile
land and water areas, a summary of areas with resource potential,
and a summary of existing community facilities. The summaries of
existing constraints to development include discussions of land
development/environmental conflicts and community facility needs
and issues that are to be addressed by the policy statements. The
discussion of existing conditions concludes with an outline of
existing local plans and policies that regulate development.
Section II of the land use plan summarizes the expected impact
of continued land development during the planning period within
the framework of the physical constraints discussed in Section I.
Projected permanent and seasonal population growth, housing devel-
opment trends, and economic growth are summarized and analyzed
within the context of previously -defined land use issues.
Community facilities are discussed in terms of what services will
be required to meet anticipated public demand, whether or not
existing community facilities are adequate or deficient in light
of projected demand, and how construction of new community
facilities will be impacted by, and impact, fragile areas and
existing patterns of land use. Section II concludes with a
discussion of redevelopment issues.
The identification of development trends and physical con-
straints to development required to complete this update was
accomplished through the use of three major reference sources.
The Office of State Budget and Management, State Data Center
•
provided a wealth of demographic and economic data. The Pamlico
County Planning Board offered numerous comments concerning
specific pieces of technical information. Finally, the staff of
the Division of Coastal Management provided needed clarification
of issues and regulations throughout the data -gathering process,
and also provided the consultant with references to other state
agencies and state -maintained planning data.

A complete summary of the data sources and specific reference
material utilized to prepare the information base for this land
use plan update is outlined below.
DATA SOURCES
- Pamlico County Department of Health
- Pamlico County Department of Social Services
- Pamlico County Manager's Office
- Pamlico County Planning Department
- Pamlico County Schools
- North Carolina Department of Commerce, Business/Industry
Development Division
- North Carolina Department of Environment, Health, and Natural
Resources, Division of Coastal Management
- North Carolina Department of Environment, Health, and Natural
Resources, Division of Environmental Management, Groundwater
Section
- North Carolina Department of Environment, Health, and Natural
Resources, Division of Health Services, Solid Waste Management
Branch
- North Carolina Department of Transportation, Division of
Highways
- North Carolina Division of Aging
- North Carolina Division of Marine Fisheries
- North Carolina Division of Shellfish Sanitation
- North Carolina Division of Travel and Tourism
- North Carolina Employment Security Commission, Labor Market
Information Division
- North Carolina Natural Heritage Program
- Office of State Budget and Management, State Data Center
- United States Army Corps of Engineers, Wilmington District
.Office
- United States Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census
- United States Fish and Wildlife Service
I-2

IB. DEMOGRAPHICS AND HOUSING
1. Pamlico County Permanent Population
a) Regional and County Population Growth
All except four of the twenty North Carolina counties
regulated by the Coastal Area Management Act (CAMA) experienced a
net permanent population growth from 1960 to 1990, as Table 1
indicates:
Table 1:
Total Population and
Percent Change for
CAMA-Regulated Counties, 1960-1990
County
Total Population
Percent
Change
Overall
1960
1970
1980
1990
60-70
70-80
80-90
60-90
Carteret
27,438
31,603
41,092
52,556
15.2
30.0
27.9
91.5
Currituck
6,601
6,976
11,089
13,736
5.7
58.9
23.9
108.1
Dare
5,935
6,995
13,377
22,746
17.9
91.2
70.0
283.3
Hyde
5,765
5,571
5,873
5,411
- 3.4
5.4
- 7.9
- 6.1
Beaufort
36,014
35,980
40,355
42,283
- 0.1
12.2
4.8
17.4
Bertie
24,350
20,477
21,024
20,388
-15.9
2.7
- 3.0
-16.3
Camden
5,598
5,453
5,829
5,904
- 2.6
6.9
1.3
5.5
Chowan
11,729
10,764
12,558
13,506
- 8.2
16.7
7.5
15.2
Craven
58,773
62,554
71,043
81,613
6.4
13.6
14.9
38.9
Pamlico
9,850
9,467
10,398
11,372
- 4.2
9.8
9.4
15.5
Pasquotank
25,630
26,824
28,462
31,298
4.7
6.1
10.0
22.1
Perquimans
9,178
8,351
9,486
10,447
- 9.0
13.6
10.1
13.8
Tyrrell
4,520
3,806
3,975
3,856
-15.8
4.4
- 3.0
-14.7
Washington
13,488
14,038
14,801
13,997
4.1
5.4
- 5.4
3.8
Gates
9,254
8,524
8,875
9,305
- 7.9
4.1
4.8
0.6
Hertford
22,718
23,529
23,368
22,523
3.6
- 0.7
- 3.6
- 0.9
Brunswick
20,278
24,223
35,777
50,985
19.4
47.7
42.5
151.4
New Hanover
71,742
82,996
103,471
120,284
15.7
24.7
16.2
67.7
Pender
18,508
18,149
22,262
28,855
- 1.9
22.7
29.6
55.9
Onslow
82,706
103,126
112,784
149,838
24.7
9.4
32.9
81.2
Total
470,075
509,406
595,899
710,903
8.4
13.1
19.3
Source: Bureau of the
Census, U.
S. Department of Commerce
State Data Center, N.C.
Office of
State Budget
and
Management
The notable increase in population growth in the coastal
counties since 1970 is reflective of the well -documented national
trend of migration to non -metropolitan areas which began in the
late 195Os. According to national coastal population change data
published by the U. S. Department of Commerce in April, 1990,
about 50% of our nation's population currently live in coastal
areas. By the year 2010, the U. S. Department of Commerce
believes that the nation's coastal population will have increased
almost 60% from the 1960 coastal population. By the early 1970s,
coastal North Carolina felt the impact of this coastal migration.
Some of the factors influencing the growth of the North Carolina
1 I-3

coastal region include expansion of military facilities, indus-
trial decentralization, and in particular, the development of
recreation and retirement centers.
The impact of growing retirement and recreation centers is
important in this study for two reasons. First, the development
of the coastal region as a recreational/retirement center requires ,
an analysis of seasonal or peak population as an integral part of
any land use or community facilities study. Many decisions
affecting land use and community facilities in coastal counties
such as Pamlico must be based on an informed appraisal of seasonal
population trends and projections.
Second, the growth of Pamlico and other coastal counties
as recreational/retirement centers over the past twenty years has
had a significant impact on the composition of the permanent
population, and ultimately, the economic structure of the coastal
region. The average household size has decreased and the median
age has increased as coastal North Carolina has grown as a recre-
ational/retirement center. Also, coastal counties such as
Pamlico, with high seasonal populations, have had a noticeable
shift toward a non -basic (service and retail) economy over the
past twenty years. Increased retail trade and growth of service
industries are the result of seasonal demand and retiree in -
migration to the coastal region.
The increased military and industrial presence in*coastal
North Carolina has also influenced permanent population growth,
peak population growth, and changes in population composition in
Pamlico and other coastal counties since 1960. The appeal of the
region to industry and the military -- availability of open space,
low tax and wage structure,.relatively few "urban" problems --
also adds to its appeal to retirees and seasonal homeowners.
Table 1 indicates that Pamlico County, while experiencing
a substantial 15.5% population growth from 1960-90, did not share
the dramatic growth of the oceanfront counties such as Carteret
and Dare over the last thirty years. Pamlico County has a dis-
tinctly rural character, and its lack of an established arterial
road system and municipal infrastructure (notably, public sewer
systems) make it less attractive to industry and large-scale
residential developers than many other coastal counties. The fact
that Pamlico County continues to display faster growth than other
coastal counties with small populations such as Hyde, Tyrrell, and
Washington is partially due to its abundance of relatively acces-
sible estuarine resources. Other factors influencing population
growth in Pamlico County include the county -wide water system and
the fact that the county, while relatively sparsely populated,
includes nine incorporated municipalities which act as magnets for
residential and commercial development.
Pamlico County displayed a 9.8% growth spurt from 1970-80 that
contrasted sharply with the net loss in population from 1960-70.
The percent change in county population was 9.4% from 1980-1990,
very close to the population growth change from 1970-1980.
I-4

b) Pamlico County - Pattern of Population Growth, 1970-1990
Table 2 illustrates the relative population growth by
municipality and for unincorporated areas in Pamlico County since
1970.
Table 2: Total Year -Round Population Growth and Percent Change
By Municipality and Unincorporated Areas - Pamlico County, 1970-1990
Area Population Percent Change
Overall
1970 1980 1990 1970-80 1980-90 1970-90
Alliance 577 616 583 6.6 - 5.4 1.0
Arapahoe 212 467 430 120.3 - 7.9 102.8
Bayboro 665 759 733 14.1 - 3.4 10.2
Hollyville 100 102 2.0
Mesic 369 390 310 5.7 -20.5 -16.0
Minnesott Beach 41 171 266 317.1 55.6 548.8
Oriental 445 536 786 20.4 46.6 76.6
Stonewall 335 360 279 7.5 -22.5 -16.7
Vandemere 379 335 299 -11.6 -10.7 -21.1
Total Municipalities 3,023 3,734 3,788 23.5 1.4 25.3
Total Unincorporated Areas 6,444 6,664 7,584 3.4 13.8 _17.7
Pamlico County 9,467 10,398 11,372 9.8 9.4 -20.1
Source: Bureau of the Census, U. S.Department of Commerce
State Data Center, N. C. Office of State Budget and Management
As Table 2 illustrates, the municipal population in
Pamlico County grew slightly faster than the population living in
unincorporated areas of the county from 1970-90. The most
significant growth was in Minnesott Beach, Arapahoe and Oriental,
all of which border the Neuse River/Pamlico Sound. The rate of
growth in municipal areas slowed appreciably from 1980-90, while
the growth rate in unincorporated areas increased significantly.
over the same period. This trend is substantiated by documented
trends in residential development in Pamlico County since 1980, as
shown on Map 1. Almost all of the new subdivisions approved in
Pamlico County since 1985 have been located in unincorporated_
areas.
2-5

Composition
by Age
c)
From 1970-90,
the percentage of individuals in Pamlico
County
over 60 years
of age increased substantially, and the
median
age also increased.
These trends directly resulted from
increasing
investment
in waterfront property in Pamlico County by
retirees,
as well as
a national trend toward a higher median age.
Total population by
age for Pamlico County from 1970-1990 is shown
in Table
3, below:
Table 3: Total
Population by Age and Percent Change
Pamlico County, 1970-1990
Age
Population
by Age Group Percent Change
Overall
1970
1980 1990 70-80 80-90 70-90
0-4
724
690 681 4.7 - 1.3 - 5.9
5-18
2,873
2,466 2,235 14.2 - 9.4 -22.2
19-34
1,640
2,430 2,519 48.2 3.7 53.6
35-44
1,100
1,073 1,646 - 2.5 53.4 49.6
45-54
1,057
1,195 1,209 13.1 - 1.2 14.4
55-64
967
1,120 1,282 15.8 14.5 32.6
65-74
712
897 1,060 26.0 18.2 48.9
75 & up
394
527 740 33.8 40.4 87.8
Total
9,457
10,398 11,372 9.8 9.4 20.2
Source:
State Data
Center, N.C. Office of State Budget and
Management,
North Carolina Population Projections:
1988-2010;
U. S. Census Bureau
Table 3 indicates that the fastest -growing segment of the
Pamlico County population since 1970 has been the age 75 and up
group. The 65 74 age group also showed an appreciable percentage
gain from 1970-90. The gain in elderly population is partially
the result of non -migratory demographic factors including birth
and death rates and aging patterns. However, the dramatic
increases in elderly population since 1970 is primarily the result
of a steady influx of retirees into Pamlico County throughout the
170s and 180s.
The younger working population (19-44) also showed an
appreciable percentage gain from 1970-1990. The 19-34 population
grew rapidly from 1970 80, while the 35 44 population grew rapidly
from 1980-90, suggesting that migratory patterns strongly influ-
enced this age group in the 1970s, while aging factors had more
influence in the 1980s. The older working population (45-64)
increased from 1970-90, but at a much lower rate than the younger
working population.
Perhaps the most significant trend displayed in Table 3 is
the drop in preschool and school age population since 1970. This
drop is particularly striking given the fact that the overall
I-6 1

county population was growing at the time. It appears that while
the 1960s preschool and school age population was aging in the
1970s and 180s, the birth rate of the existing population
decreased substantially. Also, this trend indicates that the
incoming (migrating) population during the 170s and 180s was
primarily composed of elderly individuals or young working
individuals with few or no children.
The trends in Pamlico County's population by age
composition from 1970-1990 are outlined in tabular form below:
Table 4: Percentages of Total Population by Age Group
Pamlico County, 1970-1990
Net Change
Age Group 1970 1980 1990 1970-90
Preschool and School Age
Population (0-18) 38.0% 30.3% 25.60 -12.40
Population
Younger Working
(19-44) 28.9% 33.7% 36.6% + 7.7%
Older Working Population
(45-64) 21.4% 22.3% 21.9% + 0.5%
Elderly Population
(65 and up) 11.7% 13.7% 15.90 + 4.2%
Source: Holland Consulting Planners, Inc.
d) Composition by Race and Sex
The analysis of Pamlico County's racial composition is an
important part of this study of recent demographic trends, since
changes in minority population profoundly affect issues such as
housing and local economic and community development in eastern
North Carolina.
F
1 I-7

Table 5:
Number and Percent Increase
by Race and
Sex
Pamlico County,
1970-1990
Category
Total
Population
Percent Change
Overall
1970
1980
1990
70-80
80-90
70-90
Total White
61320
7,100
8,042
12.3
13.3
27.2
Males
31088
31459
3,883
12.0
12.3
25.7
Females
3,232
3,641
4,159
12.7
14.2
28.7
Total Non -White
31147
31298
3,330
4.8
0.1
5.8
Males
11489
1,553
1,537
4.3
-1.0
3.2
Females
1,658
1,745
1,793
5.2
2.8
8.1
Total Males
4,577
5,012
5,420
9.5
8.1
18.4
Total Females
41890
51386
5,952
10.1
10.5
21.7
Total County
9,467
10,398
11,372
9.8
9.4
20.1
Sources: State
Data Center, N.C.
Office of
State
Budget
and
Management, "North Carolina
Population Projections";
U. S.
Census Bureau
The white population in Pamlico County grew five times
faster than the non -white (for Pamlico County, "non -white" means
almost exclusively black) population from 1970-1990. Non -whites
occupied a significantly lower percentage of the total county
population in 1990 than they did in 1970.
The female population in Pamlico County grew faster than
the male population in both 1970-80 and 1980-90. The total female
population outnumbered the total male population in both 1970 and
1990, but in 1990 the female percentage of the total county
population was slightly higher than it had been in 1970.
The decreases in non -white population percentage, and
increase in female population percentage, from 1970-1990 in
Pamlico County are displayed in tabular form in Table 6.
I-8

Table 6: Percentages of Total Population by Race and Sex
Pamlico County, 1970-1990
Category Percentage of Total Population
Net Change
1970 1980 1990 1970-90
Total White 66.8% 68.3% 70.7% +4.0%
Males 32.6% 33.3% 34.1% +1.5%
Females 34.1% 35.0% 36.6% +2.5%
Total Non -White 33.2% 31.7% 29.2% -4.0%
Males 15.7% 14.9% 13.5% -2.2%
Females 17.6% 16.8% 15.8% -1.8%
Total Males 48.3% 48.2% 47.6% -0.7%
Females 51.7% 51.8% 52.4% +0.7%
Total
Source: Holland Consulting Planners, Inc..
The relative decrease in black population since 1970 indi-
cates that the migratory pattern in Pamlico County in recent years
has been dominated by an incoming white population. This is sub-
stantiated by net migration rates formulated for the county by the
N.C. State Data Center. Net migration rate is the net change in
area population attributable to incoming or outgoing (migrating)
households. It is safe to state that black population growth in
Pamlico County -has been largely dependent on birth and death rates
since 1970. A black population relatively unaffected by migratory
patterns is typical of coastal North Carolina counties, and is
reflective of several socioeconomic factors such as education,
housing availability, and industrial development, which will be
addressed in the discussion of economic conditions.
2. Pamlico County Seasonal Population
a) Introduction and Methodology
In CAMA-regulated counties, a study of recreational or
seasonal population is necessary to any overall analysis of
demographic trends. In fact, seasonal population is often more
important than permanent population in defining the impact of
growth on community facilities and fragile areas, particularly in
oceanfront counties. Additionally, the recreational population
has a profound effect on the economy of the coastal region,
accounting for a large portion of the non -basic (service and
retail) economy and indirectly impacting more basic industries
such as fishing, agriculture, import/export, and manufacturing.
1 I-9

In the preceding section, population data from the N.C.
State Data Center was utilized to present year-round population
trends. The estimation methods utilized by the N.C. State Data
Center for year-round population (ratio correlation and adminis-
trative records) are not appropriate for estimating seasonal
population. Enumeration of housing units is the most appropriate
method of estimating recreational population. In the housing unit
approach, the total number of housing units is multiplied by the
average household size to obtain estimated population.
For this study, extensive use will be made of a demo-
graphic analysis of recreational populations for the Albemarle -
Pamlico region prepared by Paul D. Tschetter of East Carolina
University in 1988. The advantage of the ECU analysis is that it
relies on an extensive empirical enumeration of marina boat slips,
motel rooms, and campgrounds in addition to private seasonal
housing units. The study also includes an excellent approach to
estimating average population by type of individual housing unit.
For purposes of the ECU study (and this demographic analysis),
"total seasonal housing units" includes 1) all single and multi-
family private housing units used by the overnight tourist popula-
tion rather than the permanent population; 2) all motel/hotel
rooms (including bed and breakfasts); 3) all seasonal and
transient campground sites; and 4) all individual marina wet slips
capable of docking boats of a size and type which can house people
overnight. Marina facilities for fueling/repair only (no over-
night dockage), and those that only dock commercial fishing boats,
are excluded from the enumeration of seasonal housing units.
The ECU study has been used in conjunction with data from
a recent CAMA-sponsored study on coastal development and permanent
population trends to prepare the following outline of recent
seasonal demographic trends for Pamlico County. NOTE: The ECU
analysis of seasonal housing units was performed using 1987 as
the base year. This analysis will establish 1990 as the base
year, with the assumption that the growth rates of all types of
seasonal housing units from 1987-1990 were the same as the growth
rates from 1980-1987 outlined ih the ECU study.
b) Regional Trends
Based on the ECU study of recreational populations, all of
North Carolina's coastal counties experienced dramatic growth in
seasonal housing from 1980-90. The most significant growth
observed was in private seasonal housing in the coastal counties,
particularly on the barrier islands. Predominant in the private
seasonal housing growth trend was the development of large-scale
condominium projects. Motel and hotel growth in the 33 counties
surveyed was highest in Carteret, Dare, and Hyde counties.
However, marina development was most apparent in the soundfront
counties of Beaufort, Craven and Pamlico.
L�

The regional seasonal housing
trends
summarized
above are
outlined in quantitative
format below
for three
counties
included
in the ECU study with the
most marina -related
development:
Table 7: Summary of
Seasonal Housing Units
for Selected
Coastal Counties
in Albemarle -Pamlico
Estuarine
Study Area,
1980-90
County/Type of
Numerical
Percent
Seasonal Unit
Number of
Units
Gain
Increase
1980
1990
1980-90
1980-90
Pamlico - Total
1,288
2,049
761
59.1
Private Housing Units
967
1,527
560
58.0
Motel/Hotel Rooms
30
44
14
46.7
Campsites
0
0
0
0
Boat Slips
291
478
187
64.3
Beaufort - Total
3,231
3,593
362
11.2-
Private Housing Units
1,815
1,719
- 96
- 5.3
Motel/Hotel Rooms
302
321
19
6.3_
Campsites
524
524
0
0
Boat Slips
590
1,029
439
74.4
Craven - Total
1,222
1,756
534
43.7
Private Housing Units
222
293
71
32.0
Motel/Hotel Rooms
397
494
97
24.4
Campsites
152
152
0
0
Boat Slips
451
817
366
81.1
Sources: Tschetter, Paul D., "Characterization of Baseline Demographic Trends
in the Year -Round and Recreational Populations in the Albemarle -
Pamlico Estuarine Study Area;" T. Dale Holland Consulting Planners
According to Table 7, Pamlico County's total stock of ..
seasonal housing grew 59.1% from 1980-90, well ahead of Beaufort
and Craven counties. In particular, the growth of private
seasonal housing units in Pamlico County from 1980-1990 was much
faster than the private seasonal housing growth for the other two
counties and over three times as fast as the growth of permanent,
year-round housing units in Pamlico County over the same period
(see Section I.3, "Housing Characteristics"). The rapid growth of
marina boat slips from 1980-90 illustrates the importance of
marina -related development in Pamlico and its neighboring
counties.
The rapid increase in the number of recreational housing
units since 1980 has been paralleled by the growth of seasonal
population in the coastal counties. Although seasonal population
is difficult to quantify due to rapid fluctuations in occupancy
rates, the occupancy assumptions utilized for seasonal housing
units in the ECU baseline study are based on sound empirical data,
and the seasonal population estimates included in that study will

be utilized here. Table 8 outlines estimated seasonal population
trends from 1980-90 for the three counties included in Table 7.
In the ECU study (and in this demographic analysis), "peak
seasonal population" is defined as the population that would be
enumerated in all seasonal housing units if all of those units
were occupied at full capacity, based on average assumed household
sizes for each type of unit. (One exception is that the ECU study
assumed an 85% peak occupancy rate for marina wet slips.)
Although "peak seasonal population" is based on a number of vari-
ables, it is a very useful statistic for planning purposes, since
it provides a logically -derived summary of the possible total
occupancy in seasonal units during peak overnight tourism periods ,
(Memorial Day, Fourth of July, and Labor Day weekends).
Table 8: Summary of Peak Seasonal Population for Selected
Coastal Counties in Albemarle -Pamlico
Estuarine Study Area, 1980 90
County/Type of
Peak Seasonal
Percent
Seasonal Unit
Population
Increase
1980
1990
1980-90
Pamlico - Total
4,098
6,516
59.0
Private Housing
Units
3,191
5,038
57.9
Motels/Hotels
105
155
47.6
Campgrounds
0
0
0
Marinas
802
1,323
65.0
Beaufort - Total
9,793
10,723
9.5
Private Housing
Units
5,989
5,671
-5.3
Motels/Hotels
604
641
6.1
Campgrounds
1,572
1,572
0
Marinas
1,628
2,839
74.4
Craven - Total
3,227
4,666
44.6
Private Housing
Units
732
966
32.0
Motels/Hotels
794
988
24.4
Campgrounds
456
456
0
Marinas
1,245
2,256
81.2
Sources: Tschetter, Paul D., "Characterization of
Baseline
Demographic Trends
in the Year -Round
and Recreational Populations in
the Albemarle -
Pamlico Estuarine
Study Area;"
Holland Consulting
Planners, Inc.
The percentage increases in seasonal population shown in
Table 8 closely parallel the increases in seasonal units depicted
in Table 7. Of the three counties surveyed, Pamlico County dis-
played the highest percentage increase in total seasonal popula-
tion and in private seasonal housing population from 1970-1990.
Additionally, Pamlico County had the highest "recreation ratio" of
any of the ten soundfront CAMA counties enumerated in the ECU
study. Recreation ratio is defined as the ratio of permanent +
seasonal population to permanent population.

County, 1970-90
c) Seasonal Population Impact - Pamlico
The seasonal population fluctuations in Pamlico County,
particularly in the incorporated communities, create problems for
local planners and administrators. A large amount of municipal
services planning must be based on estimates of explosive growth
patterns which affect only isolated portions of the county.
The increasing impact of the seasonal population in Pamlico County
is depicted in Table 9, which outlines the increasing percentage
of seasonal population in relation to permanent population in
Pamlico County since 1980.
Table 9: Relationship of Seasonal Permanent Population
1980-1990
Pamlico County,
% of Peak % Of
Permanent Total Peak Seasonal Total Peak Total Peak Recreation
Population[1] Ratio[2]
Year Population Population Population Population
1980 10,398 71.1% 4,098 28.3% 14,496 1.39
1990 11,372 63.6% 6,516 36.4% 17,888 1.57
Percentage
Increase
- -
1980-1990 9.4% 59.0% 23.4% 12.9%
Source: Holland Consulting Planners, Inc.
(1] "Total Peak Population" is the sum of permanent population and peak seasonal
population.
(2] "Recreation Ratio" is the ratio of peak population to permanent population.
Table 9 clearly indicates the growing significance of the
seasonal population in Pamlico County since 1970. The peak
seasonal population grew six times as fast as the permanent
population from 1980-90. The estimated total peak population of
Pamlico County in 1990 was 1.6 times as large as the permanent
population, a fact which causes consternation among those attempt-
ing to provide adequate infrastructure and recreational access -
while preserving fragile areas. Yet the positive economic effect
of the rapidly -increasing seasonal population generates a great
deal of local support for continued recreational development.
3. Pamlico County Housing Characteristics
a) Number and Type of Private Housing Units
The summary of population trends above indicates that the
seasonal population grew much faster than the permanent population
in Pamlico County from 1970-90. This trend is reflected by a
higher development rate for seasonal private housing units than
year-round units over the same period.
1 z-13

r
Table 10: Number and Percentage Increase of Year-round
and Seasonal Private Housing Units -
Pamlico County, 1970-90
Number of Units[l] Percentage Increase.
Overall
Type of Unit 1970 1980 1990 70-80 80-90 70-90
3,162 4,044 4,756 17.9% 7.6%% 50.4%
r
Year-round
Seasonal [2] 401 967 1,527 141.6% 57.9% 280.8%
Total 3,563 5,011 6,283 40.6% 25.4% 76.3%
[1] "Housing Units" is an enumeration of all individual units within multi-
family developments as well as single-family residential structures.
[2] "Seasonal Units" includes units defined as "vacant - held for occasional
use" as well as units strictly defined as "seasonal" by the Bureau of the
Census.
Sources: Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce; Tschetter, Paul D.,
"Characterization of Baseline Demographic Trends in the Year -Round and
Recreational Populations in the Albemarle -Pamlico Estuarine Study Area"
r
Table 10 shows that the number of seasonal private housing
units grew almost six times as fast as the number of year-round
private housing units in Pamlico County from 1970-90. The growth
in seasonal housing units from 1970-80 was particularly rapid,
with an average annual percentage increase of 14% over the decade.
The annual growth rate for seasonal units dropped to 5.8% from
1980-90,_but was still over three times the growth rate for year-
round units from 1980-90. The higher growth rate for seasonal
units since 1970 is reflected in the fact that the ratio of
seasonal units/total units increased -from 11% to 24% from 1970-90.
In fact, based on the ECU seasonal housing study, Pamlico County
had the highest ratio of private seasonal housing units to total
housing units of any of the ten soundfront counties included in
the study.
In terms of total housing unit construction, year-round
units accounted for the majority of new units from 1970-1990.
Total housing unit construction over the 1970-90 period is
summarized in Table 11.
Table 11: Total and Average Annual Number of
New Year-round and Seasonal Private Housing Units -
Pamlico County, 1970-90
Average Annual Increase
Total New Units of New Units
Total Overall
Type of Unit 1970-80 1980-90 1970-90 1970-80 1980-90 1970-90
Year-round 882 712 1,594 88 71 80
Seasonal 566 560 1,126 57 56 56
Total 1,448 1,272 2,720 145 127 136
Source: Holland Consulting Planners, Inc.
I-14

The rapid growth rate of new housing in the 1970s had a
significant impact on municipal and county building inspection and
planning agencies' ability to regulate the housing industry, and
to integrate public services with new residential development.
While the growth rate has stabilized in recent years, the
increasing number of new housing starts in recent years is still a
problem with respect to the provision of municipal services and
public facilities planning and development.
The most critical factor by far concerning development in
Pamlico County is the suitability of the soils for wastewater
disposal. Many of the soils in the county are not suitable for
septic tank drainage fields, although this has been the primary
method of waste disposal for years. Recent septic tank failures
and state legislation requiring strict compliance with state
septic tank regulations have been cause for concern throughout the
county.
New seasonal and vacation housing locations in the county
appear more attracted to riverfront, creekfront and sound shore. -
locations (e.g.., Jones Island). This development can cause
pollution and other problems, in turn jeopardizing the quality of
the local water and hence fishing recreation resources. In
particular, the towns of Oriental and Minnesott Beach are
increasingly experiencing vcation and retirement development
pressures.
b. Tenure and Condition of Year-round Housing Units
Table 12 shows average household size and tenure for year-
round occupied housing units in Pamlico County since 1970.
Table 12: Household Size and Tenure of
Year -Round Housing Units
Pamlico County 1970-90
1970 1980 1990
Total Year -Round Housing Units [11 3,162 4,044 5,010
Vacant Units 276 366 487
Occupied Units 2,886 2,678 4,523
Renter -Occupied 486 614 856
Owner -Occupied 2,400 3,064 3,667
Average Household Size 3.28 2.82 2.48
Sources: Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce; Tschetter,
Paul D., "Characterization of Baseline Demographic Trends in the
1
Year-round and Recreational Populations in the Albemarle -Pamlico
Estuarine Study Area"
[1] Excludes units defined as "vacant - held for occasional, seasonal, or
recreational use."

Since 1970, there have been only minor fluctuations in the
relative percentages of total year-round housing units by tenure
status. However, the average household size in Pamlico County has
decreased significantly from 3.28 individuals to 2.54 individuals
since 1970.
The most recent detailed information about housing
conditions in Pamlico County is included in 1980 U.S. Census data.
The following table summarizes the condition and age of housing in
Pamlico County in 1970 and 1980.
Table 13: Housing Conditions
Pamlico County, 1970-1990
Housing Characteristics 1970 1980 1990
% of % of % of
Number Total Number Total Number Total
Total Year-round
Housing Units[l]
Type of Unit
Frame -Built Units
Mobile Homes
Age of Units
3,192 100% 4,126 100% 6,050 100%
2,921 91.5% 3,423 83.0%
271 8.5% 703 17.0%
0- 1
yr.
112
3.5%
92
2.2%
1- 5
yrs.
326
10.2%
513
12.4%
5-10
yrs.
328
10.3%
635
15.4%
10-20
yrs.
612
19.2%
826
20.0%
20-30
yrs.
453
14.2%
621
15.1%
>30 yrs.
1,361
42.6%
1,439
34.9%
Units lacking
complete plumbing
Units with no well
or public water
Units with no public
sewer or septic tank
1,058
36.3%
312
9.8%
982
30.8%
565 13.7%
144 3.5%
505 12.2%
[1] Includes all year-round units, as well as units defined as
"vacant - held for occasional use" by the U.S. Census Bureau that
have been enumerated as "seasonal" in previous discussions. Does
not include units classified as strictly "seasonal" by the U.S.
Census Bureau.
Source: Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce.
I-16

Based on Table 13, general housing conditions in the
county improved dramatically in the 1970s. The percentage of
occupied housing units with incomplete interior plumbing, substan-
dard water supply systems, or substandard waste disposal systems
all dropped approximately 2/3 during the decade. Also, the aver-
age age of housing units decreased noticeably during the 1970s.
The percentage of total housing units less than ten years old rose
from 24% in 1970 to 30% in 1980. Also, if units defined as
strictly "seasonal" by the U.S. Census Bureau were added to the
housing total, the percentage of Pamlico County's stock that is
less than 10 years old would be appreciably higher than the
summary above indicates. The continuing growth of new residential
construction has undoubtedly had a continuing positive effect on
the overall condition of Pamlico County's housing stock throughout
the 1980s.
Despite the trend of overall improvement of the county's
housing stock during the 170s, there was still a substantial
number of substandard housing units in Pamlico County in.1980.- In
particular, the number of units with substandard sewage disposal
systems continues to be a major county -wide problem. Recognizing
the need to improve its housing stock, especially low and moderate
income housing, Pamlico County has sponsored four CDBG housing
rehabilitation programs in FY80, FY83, FY88 and FY89. These pro-
grams and continuing efforts by the county inspections and health
departments to identify substandard housing and water supply/
sewage disposal systems have accomplished much in terms of
improving the county's housing throughout the 1980s.
The rapid growth of mobile home development (also includes
modular homes) from 1970-80 was a trend that has impacted zoning,
building inspection, and other planning activities to a signifi-
cant degree during the last two decades. From 1970-80, the ratio
of mobile homes to total housing units doubled.
J
n

c) Single and Multi -Family Units
Table 14 shows the relative growth in
single
and multi-
i
family housing unit construction from 1970-80.
Table 14: Total Year -Round Housing Units
and Percent Increase
by Units in Structure - Pamlico
County,
1970-80
% Increase
1970
1980
1970-80
Total Year-round
Housing Units [1] 3,192
4,126
29.3%
Units in Structure
1 2,824
3,259
15.4%
2 87
3 & 4 12
61
54
-30.0%
350.0%
5 or more 0
49
Mobile Home 269
703
161.3%
I
Ell Includes all occupied and vacant year-round units, as well as
units defined as "vacant - held for occasional use" by the U.S.
Census Bureau that have been enumerated as "seasonal" in previous
discussions. Does not include units classified as strictly
"seasonal" by the U.S. Census Bureau.
Source: Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce
As Table 14 indicates, the growth rate of multi -family and
mobile home development greatly exceeded the growth rate of
single-family detached and "townhouse" development throughout the
1970s. In particular, the construction of structures with five or
more units showed a tremendous spurt of growth over the ten-year
period. Also, many of the new housing units constructed from
1970-80 defined as strictly "seasonal" by the U.S. Census Bureau
were undoubtedly part of multi -unit structures not classified as
motels or hotels (condominiums). These units are not included in
Table 14. However, it is important to note that the overwhelming
number of new conventional housing units constructed between 1970
and 1980 in Pamlico County were single-family homes.
According to the Pamlico County Planning Department, the
growth trend for multi -family development that occurred in the
1970s continued through the early 1980s. The growth of multi-
family housing has continued to be an important planning issue
throughout the 1980s in Pamlico County, particularly with regard
to regulation of lot density and provision of sewer service.
,
Also, the regulation of continuing rapid mobile home development
in unincorporated areas of the county has assumed more importance
as a planning issue in recent years.

d) Percent Development Trends
The population figures in the preceding section document
the fact that the majority of residential development in Pamlico
County since 1980 has been in the unincorporated areas under the
county's planning jurisdiction. Of the incorporated areas, only
Minnesott Beach and Oriental showed population increases from
1980-1990.
Map 1 and its attached legend show the pattern of
subdivision development in Pamlico County since 1985. The
majority of this development has been centered in the eastern
portion of the county near Oriental and along Broad Creek and the
Bay River.
L'

SUPPLEMENTAL LEGEND FOR MAP 1,
PAMLICO COUNTY RESIDENTIAL SUBDIVISIONS
NOTE: Some of these subdivisions were not legally approved.
1
III FULFORD
.Y
f.0�
APPROXIMATE AREA
OF COVERAGE FOR
MAP 1.
*Note:
Subdivision ill Fulford
Point
is not shown on Map 1.
# OF
LOTS
MAP #
DEVELOPMENT NAME
PLANNED
1
POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
20
2
FOREST HILLS
49
3
PINEDALE SECT. 8
35
4
WOODLAND HEIGHTS
31
5
ROLLING HILLS
16
6
FOXWOOD AT PINEDALE
62
7
ROBERT WHORTON SUB.
6
8
BAKERSVILLE MHP
8
9
ARNOLDS MHP
16
10
L. R. SPARROW SUB
8
11
SO. SIDE SUB.
8
12
MILLER MHP
5
13
POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
3
14
LONNIE GRIFFIN
17
15
POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
17
16
GWALTNEY DEVELOPMENT
17
POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
25
18
CARAWAN SUBDIVISION
18
19
WIDGEON ROOST
15
20
CARAWAN MHP
15
21
MURPHY SUB.
6
22
TEMPE GUT SHORES
9
23
BAY RIVER ESTATES
30
24
HAROLD BATE (400 AC.)
200
25
ROSA RICE SUB.
5
26
POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
25
27
POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
6
28
BAY HARBOR
25
29
OSPREY POINT - ADD. #1
1
30
ROSS LAMPE
31
DAYS LANDING
25
32
POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
15
32A
MASON BAY
12
33
BRANDI BAY EST.
25
34
POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
50
35
ZACK TAYLOR
35A
SCHOONER LANDING
24
36
BAY SHORE ESTATES
24
37
DOGWOOD LANDING
10
38
POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
75
39
POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
50
40
POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
10
41
POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
10
42
SUNSET SHORES
40
43
POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
50
.44
POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
8
# OF
LOTS
MAP #
DEVELOPMENT NAME
PLANNED
45
SAILLOFT
40
'
46
SILVERTHORNE
20
47
PARADISE SHORES
100
48
POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
60
49
10-SLIP MARINA
--
50
POINT MARINA
50
51
FORK POINT
24
52
BROAD CREEK VILLAGE
9
53
40 AC. TRACT
20
54
BROADVIEW
25
55
POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
200
56
SUMMER WINDS
80
57
58
NEUSE WINDS
FORESTSHORE ESTATES
23
36
59
ORCHARD CREEK EST.
32
60
POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
300
61
POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
26
62
POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
15
63
40 AC. COMMERCIAL DEV.
64
BENT TREE LANDING
24
65
PIERCE CREEK
41
66
YACHT CLUB POINT
12
67
SEA VISTA ADD. 3, 5, 6
150
68
DOLPHIN POINT
60
69
WINDWARD SHORES (2 & 4)
60
70
71
SEA VISTA
THE LANDINGS -SECT. 2
40
18
72
SAIL HAVEN SECT. 1 & 2
16
73
BUCCANEER BAY
87
74
TEACHY'S COVE AC.
64
75
POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
40
76
GOODWINDS
15
77
OTTER CREEK
- 14
78
WHORTONS LANDING
17
79
PECAN GROVE
12
80
MAINSAIL POINT
18
81
POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
7
82
FLOYD SNITT
50
83
POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
13
84
SAIL LOFT
103
85
POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
103
86
POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
37
87
POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
23
88
130 AC. - START 1990
70
89
KERSHAW CREEK
49
,
90
HIDDEN CREEK
10
91
BUCCANEER BAY WEST
130
92
ZACK TAYLOR AC.
93
SPINNAKER POINT
23
94
J. T. TAYLOR SUB.
95
POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
20
96
TARKLIN ACRES
24
97
POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
98
CAMP JO JANE ADDITION
16
99
COWELL'S ATHERLY SUB.
10
100
DAWSON HARBOR
25
101
9-10 AC. TRACTS
9
102
' CRAYTON BAY
24
103
POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
50
104
INDIAN BLUFFS
57
105
THE BLUFFS
20
106
PLEASANT ACRES
21
,
107
BEARDS CREEK
31
108
BEARDS SHORES
14
109
110
POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
100 AC.
35
50
ill
HOLLY POINT SHORES
8
112
ZACK TAYLOR - 400 AC.
0
(POCOSIN)
113
POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
10
,
I-20

The preparation of this map was financed
in part through a grant provided by the
North Carolina Coastal Management -
Program, through funds provided by the
'Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972,
as amended, which is administered by the
Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource
Management, National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration.
.S
r
�PAMUCO COUNTY UNE
1
D `R _ 4 2
rn L.
z y
n I
0
C
Z
N
i
110 •
'V
V
S
LEGEND
I APPROVED PRIOR TO JANUARY I, 1985
O APPROVED ON OR AFTER JANUARY I, 1985
INCORPORATED AREAS
8
7
i
SAYHORO
ALLIANCE''••
LIGHT
GROUND
POCOSIN
0 ARAPAHOE 103
:
:j 0
•105
MINNESO
BEACH
HOLI.YVIUF
wAL� =:
55
113
112
9 55
. 1
8
72
ORIENTAL
�76. 77. 78
79
G
V
04
•'•� BFAR
IG
CFL
17 18'•.. ••`.`T
IVER
do
3 %
27 2 3
31 33
38
4
4 46
�.7 1 may— y•_•5� r
•
•• i
•
6 COCKLE FT.
PAMLICO COUNTY, N.C.
RESIDENTIAL SUBDIVISIONS
JANUARY, 1991
MAP l
I-21
PT.

C. ECONOMY
1. General Economic Indicators
Pamlico County's land and water resources have provided the
area with a diversified economy. Manufacturing, retail trade,
services, government, and commercial fishing are all integral to
the county's economic stability. Since 1970, Pamlico County has
experienced dramatic increases in per capita income and retail
sales. Pamlico County's average unemployment rate has generally
run at or slightly above the state average (typical of coastal
counties with high numbers of seasonally employed individuals).
However, in recent years the rate has decreased with a low of 3.8%
in 1989.
Key economic indicators for Pamlico County from 1970-88 are
outlined in Table 15, below:
Table 15: Summary of Economic Indicators
Pamlico County, 1970-88
% Change
Indicator 1970 1980 1988 1970-88
Per Capita Income 2,581 7,195 12,013 365.4%
Total Personal Income 24,404 74,910 131,869 440.3%
(Thousands of $) -
Gross Retail Sales 8,009 21,894 41,011 412.0%
(Thousands of $)
Total Employed
Labor Force 2,760 3,840 4,377 58.6%
Source: LILAC County Profile, N.C. State Office of Budget and
Management.
The most significant economic indicator in Table 15 may bethe
58.6% increase in employed labor force from 1970-88. Pamlico
County's permanent population increase over the 1970-90 period was
only 16.1%. The relatively high growth rate in employed working
force compared to total population indicates that the working age
population has grown faster than the 0-19 age group since 1970.
It also indicates that significant numbers of retirees may be
becoming actively involved with Pamlico County's growing economy.
The rapidly -growing employed labor force, as well as the substan-
tial growth in retail trade and personal income since 1980, all
point to a relatively healthy, diversified local economy, not
subject to instability due to seasonal or market fluctuations in
any single industry. The county"s increasing year-round retiree
populace, continued residential development, and the ongoing
growth of both manufacturing and non -manufacturing industry have
I-22

largely eliminated the wide swings in seasonal and year-to-year
employment and income experienced by coastal regions that depend
more exclusively on the tourism industry for support.
2. Relative Growth of Industries and Trades
Preparatory to individual discussions of Pamlico County's
industries and trades, the following table displays the relative
growth, by earnings and employment, of the various income -
producing industries and trades in Pamlico County from 1970-88.
Table 16: Relative Growth of Income -Producing Industries and
Trades - Pamlico County, 1970-88
% Change
Industry 1970 1980 1988 1970-88
Personal Earnings Ell
(Thousands of $)
Total
9,815
30,157
52,540
435.3%
Farm Earnings
1,932
2,435
6,153
218.5%
Non -Farm Earnings
7,883
27,722
46,387
488.4%
Private Earnings
5,777
22,149
36,021
523.5%
Agric. Serv.,
Forestry, Fishing
827
7,191
5,700
589.2%
Mining
0
0
(L)
0%
Construction
659
2,230
4,371
563.3%
Manufacturing
1,181
3,455
6,406
442.4%
Trans., Comm.,
Public Utilities
259
850
2,394
824.3%
Wholesale Trade
1,240
1,718
3,674
196.3%
Retail Trade
88
3,217
5,563
622.2%
Finance, Insurance,
Real Estate
181
575
757
318.2%
Services
771
2,913
7,125
824.1%
Government Earnings
2,106
5,573
10,366
392.2%
Federal Civilian
189
351
620
228.0%
Federal Military
107
367
638
496.3%
State and Local
1,810
4,855
9,108
403.2%
[1] Personal earnings are by place of work and exclude dividends,
interest and rent; transfer payments; and social security
contributions. They include proprietors' net income and
wages.
(L) Less than $50,000
I-23

r� J
Industry
Employment
Total
Farm Employment
Non -Farm Employment
Private Employment
Agric. Serv.,
Forestry, Fishing
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Trans., Comm.,
Public Utilities
Wholesale Trade
Retail Trade
Finance, Insurance,
Real Estate
Services
Government Employment
Federal Civilian
Federal Military
State and Local
% Change
1970
1980
1988
1970-88
2,260
3,128
3,212
42.1%
562
341
226
-59.8%
1,698
2,787
2,986
75.9%
1,248
2,189
2,355
88.7%
169
441
221
30.8%
0
0
0
0%
85
143
189
122.4%
394
533
526
33.5%
40
71
113
183.0%
203
292
344
69.5%
153
307
487
218.3%
27
53
55
103.7%-
177
349
420
137.3%
450
598
631
40.2%
28
25
29
3.6%-
55
53
66
20.0%
367
520
536
46.0%
Sources: 1) State Data Center, N. C. Office of State Budget and
Management
2) Holland Consulting Planners, Inc.
In general, Table 16 indicates a more rapid trend of growth in
the services, transportation/communication/public utilities, con-
struction, and financial -related industries than in manufacturing,
farming, and government -related industries from 1970-88. The
retail trade industry also showed a significant earnings and
employment increase over the period. Generally, growth patterns
in employment by individual industry were reflected by corres-
ponding increase in earnings over the period.
In 1988, the highest earnings per job were in agricultural ser-
vices (fishing, farming), construction, federal civilian, and
transportation/utilities jobs. The lowest earnings per job were
in federal military, wholesale and retail trades, and manufac-
turing.
1 I-24

I
Table 17
indicates the rank of industry types
in Pamlico
County with
respect to employment and earnings in
1970 and 1988:
Table
17: Rank of Industry by Employment and Earnings
Pamlico County, 1970 and 1988
Employment Rank
Earnings Rank
Industry
1970 1988
1970 1988
(13 total)
Farming
Agricultural Services,
Forestry, Fishing
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation, Comm.,
Public Utilities
Wholesale Trade
Retail Trade
Finance, Insurance,
Real Estate
Services
Federal Civilian
Federal Military
State and Local Government
1 6
1 4 1
6
7
5
5
13
3
13
13
8
8
7
7
2
2
4
3
10
9
8
9
4
5
3
8
7
3
12
6
12
11
10
10
5
4
6
2
11
12
9
12
9
10
11
11
3
1
2
1
Source:, Holland Consulting Planners, Inc..
Based on Table 17, the most significant industries in Pamlico
County in 1988, in terms of employment and wages/proprietors' net
income, were state and local government, manufacturing, and ser-
vices. The total economic impact of some industries is more sub-
stantial.than indicated above, since the preceding section is
based on an evaluation of employment and net/wage income rather
than gross revenues by industry. For example, the rental income
from farmland and the percentage of wholesale trade directly
attributable to commercial fishing are just two of the many direct
and indirect economic impacts of local industries not addressed
above. Many of these impacts will be discussed in the following
sections. Nonetheless, sources of wage income and employment are
perhaps the most important economic indicators used in gauging the
trends of development in a coastal area with a diverse economy,
such as Pamlico County.
11
Ll
I-25

1
It is apparent from the analysis above that the economic trend
in Pamlico County is gradually toward a more service/commercial-
oriented economy. This shift is directly attributable to the
continuing strong presence of other institutional employers in and
around Pamlico County, as well as the growing appeal of the county
as a retirement center. There is a growing economic impact from
income earned outside the county, and from retail, service and
financial businesses within the county that cater to seasonal and
permanent residential demand.
3. Tourism Recreation
and
The abundant shoreline resources of Pamlico County make it a
primary vacation area for citizens of North Carolina and visitors
from the entire country. Restaurants, motels, the sport fishing
and hunting industry, retail trade, services, construction, and
the real estate and finance industries are the primary direct
beneficiaries of the continuing influx of overnight and day
visitors. Additionally, a large portion of local and state
government employment is attributable to the need to serve
tourists and the working population involved in tourism and
recreation.
4. Agriculture
As discussed in the general economic narrative, wage and
proprietors' net income, and total employed, for the farming
industry in Pamlico County has increased from 1970-88. However,
as indicated in the table below, the amount of harvested cropland
and total farm income have fluctuated since 1970.
Table 18: Growth of Personal Farm Income and
Harvested Cropland - Pamlico County, 1970-88
1970 1980 1988
Harvested Cropland (Acres) 23,800 40,500 30,000
Total Personal Farm 5,188 15,141 18,015
Income [1]]
(Thousands of $)
[1] Total personal farm income is all sales receipts of farm
produce and livestock and federal payment subsidies to pri-
vate individuals. (Corporate farm income is not included.)
Source: LINC County Profile, N. C. State Data Center.
I-26

The table above shows that the agricultural industry is
important to the overall county economy. Additionally, an
important portion of the wholesale trade industry is dependent on
farming activities. The continued and substantial increase of
total personal farm income indicates that sales of produce and
federal subsidies from cropland (unharvested and harvested) are
still an important source of Pamlico County's total revenue.
Nonetheless, the amount of harvested cropland has actually
decreased since 1980.
The primary farm production in Pamlico County consists of
soybeans, corn, wheat, potatoes, and forestry.
5. Manufacturing
Manufacturing has grown more in terms of earnings rather than
employment in Pamlico County since 1970. The manufacturing
industry maintained its rank of 2nd in employment, and climbed
from 4th to 3rd in earnings from 1970-88 (in terms of rank among
thirteen ranked employment sectors). Manufacturing earnings grew
by a substantial 442%, and employment by 33%, over that period.
Additionally, the $6.4 million in wages and proprietors' net
income earned in manufacturing in 1988 does not include corporate
manufacturing profits, some of which are expended in Pamlico
County.
Seafood processing, boat building, and garment manufacturing
account.for most of the manufacturing output of the county. The
majority of the manufacturing firms are located in Oriental.
However, a few other towns boast one or more manufacturing firms.
According to the Pamlico County Planning Department, there
were 24 manufacturing facilities located in Pamlico County in
1990. Table 19, below, provides a listing of Pamlico County
manufacturing facilities based on Planning Department data.
Table 19: List of Manufacturing Facilities
Pamlico County, 1990
Facility Name
Location
Product
Caroon Brothers Seafood
Lowland
Seafood
Charlie & Sons, Inc.
Vandemere
Seafood
Custom Steel Boats
Arapahoe
Boats
Fresh Ketch Seafood
Grantsboro
Seafood
Fulcher Seafood
Oriental
Seafood
G&C Fisheries
Oriental
Seafood
Gaskill Seafood
Bayboro
Seafood
Harbor Packing
Lowland
Seafood
Holton's Dockside Seafood
Bayboro
Seafood
Hopkins & Sons Seafood
Grantsboro
Seafood
Hudson Manufacturing
Reelsboro
Garment Manufacturing
Lowland Seafood
Lowland
Seafood
Michelle Palmer
Oriental
Garment Manufacturing
I-27

IFacility Name
7
L
I
[l
Muse Seafood
Norman Seafood
Pamlico Packing Co., Inc.
Point Pride Seafood
Potter Seafood
Raven Industries
Shellfish Express, Inc.
Sound Packing
Tom Thumb Seafood
Vandemere Ice Co.
William's Seafood
6. Commercial Fishing
Location Product
Oriental
Seafood
Oriental
Seafood
Vandemere
Seafood
Oriental
Seafood
Bayboro
Seafood
Oriental
Garment Manufacturing
Oriental
Seafood
Merritt
Seafood
Oriental
Seafood
Vandemere
Ice
Arapahoe
Seafood
The dockside value of Pamlico County landings decreased by
30.8% from 1985 to 1991. The county accounted for 10.7% of the
1991 total dockside poundage value for the entire state. Based - :on
earnings figures compiled in Table 16, earnings in commercial
fishing have steadily increased in Pamlico County since 1970.
However, the impact of commercial fishing extends far beyond the
"agricultural services, forestry, fishing" labor and earnings
category, affecting the wholesale trade, manufacturing, govern-
ment, and the service and maintenance industries. Moreover, many
individuals employed in other trades fish commercially part-time.
Estimates vary, but perhaps as much as 10% of Pamlico County's
total population is directly or indirectly involved in the commer-
cial fishing industry.
Table 20, below, summarizes finfish and shellfish landings
(pounds and dockside value) for Pamlico County waters in 1985 and
1989.
Table 20: Commercial Fishing Landings by Species
Pamlico County, 1985 and 1989
Species
Anglerfish
Bluefish
Butterfish
Catfishes
Croaker
Flounder, Fluke
Harvestfish
Hickory Shad
King Whiting
Markerel, Spanish
Mullets
Pigfish
Porgies
Pounds
1985
1991
257,142
29,429
110,886
16,662
6,316
3,395
2,477
622
106,700
7,359
3,627,772
1,558,863
4,879
-
-
2,853
34,681
17,339
-
126
46,077
47,743
621
-
3,164
3,187
Value
1985 1991
$ 94,013
10,441
1,670
323
26,270
2,857,354
993
11,575
6,657
119
928
$ 22,533
3,034
1,040
ill
2,584
2,041,829
2,543
8,004
42
9,826
1,020
1 I-28

u
Species
Sea Basses
Sea Trout, Gray
Sea Trout, Spotted
Shad
Sharks
Sheepshead
Spot
Striped Bass
Sturgeons
Swellfish
White Perch
Whiting
Miscellaneous
Total Finfish
Crabs, Blue, Hard
Crabs, Blue, Soft
Shrimp, Brown
Shrimp, Pink
Shrimp, Rock
Shrimp, White
Conchs
Octopus
Oyster (Meats)
Scallop, Sea (Meats)
Squid
Total Shellfish
Water Total
Pounds
1985
1991
112,727
22,067
561,413
8,864
618
8,733
63,897
6,966
701
6,401
3,538
1,336
66,443
14,925
-
770
7,368
-
16, 427
12,267
139
-
6, 398
-
107,251
1,249
Value
65,791
21,946
179,212
5,222
338
8,068
38,303
4,875
337
1,336
516
367
15,405
3,957
-
908
2,271
-
8,410
9,258
36
-
848
75,856
913
5,676,968
1,771,156
$3, 419, 522
$2, 149, 416
6,179,898
6,265,486
$1, 419, 851
$1, 710, 924
10,813
-
11,137
-
2,943,205
1,374,914
5,676,051
2,616,862
253,455
415,360
406,985
636,551
1,321
1,809
803
1,135
-
156,382
-
324,918
30,680
19,074
15,172
4,742
-
435
-
377
35,029
-
65,725
-
7,341
57,160
32,246
198,257
162,657
56,893
35,142
16,246
9,624,399 8,347,513 $7, 663, 112 $5, 510, 012
15, 301, 367 10, 118, 669 $11, 082, 634 $7, 659, 428
Source: N. C. Division of Marine Fisheries.
I-29

I
IJ
Table 21, below, compares Pamlico County and North Carolina
finfish and shellfish catches for the years 1985 through 1989.
Table 21:
Total Commercial Fishing
Landings (Thousands of
Pounds)
Pamlico
County and North Carolina,
1985-91*
Finfish
Shellfish
Total
Catch
Pamlico Co.
NC
Pamllco Co.
NC
Pamlico Co. NC
1985
5,677
72,190
9,624
44,506
15,301
116,696
1986
4,958
71,453
5,776
34,475
10,734
105,928
1987
3,427
62,566
7,661
42,367
11,088
104,933
1988
5,509
73,252
8,572
48,862
14,018
122,114
1989
2,751
55,800
6,706
47,862
9,457
103,662
1991
1,771
39,800
8,348
55,000
10,119
94,800
% Change
185-191
-68.8%
-44.9%
-13.3%
+23.6%
-33.9%
-18.8%
Source: N. C. Division of Marine Fisheries
*Excludes menhaden.
Table 21 demonstrates the gradually decreasing importance of
finfishing and shellfishing in Pamlico County. In 1985, shellfish
yields accounted for 62.8% of the total commercial yield. In
1989, the shellfish yield had increased to 70.9% of the total.
' Hopefully, the state government will take steps to encourage the
controlled growth and harvest of shellfish in coastal waters.
7. Real Estate and Construction
As discussed in the section on demographics and housing, the
growth of new residential development (both year-round and
seasonal) has been dramatic in Pamlico County since 1970. Growth
in the number of commercial structures has paralleled residential
growth. The county issued 224 commercial building permits with a
value of $4.69 million, and 399 residential permits with a value
of $22.24 million, between 1981-1986.
This rapid growth of residential and commercial development
has had an immediate impact on all phases of the county economy,
through purchases by new construction and real estate employees,
purchases of building materials, and stimulation of the local
banking industry, which in turn allows expansion and improvement
in other segments of the county economy.
Since 1970,
employment in
the county's
construction industry
has increased over
120%. In
1988, there
were an estimated 189
employed in the
construction
industry --
approximately 6% of the
total employed
in the county.
The growth in the related real
estate, insurance,
and finance
industry
has been substantial, with
a 103% increase
in employment
since 1970
and 55 employed in those
trades in 1988.
1 I-30

8. Retirees
The number of individuals aged 65 and above in Pamlico County
jumped almost 57% from 1970-87. This increase in retirement -age
population is directly responsible for much of Pamlico County's
growing economic diversity and stability. Many retirees who
emigrate to Pamlico County start new businesses or work part-time
in local retail and service businesses. The year-round retired
populace has a substantial impact on the local banking and housing
industry, retail trade, and the service industry.
Much of the public demand for preservation of environmental
quality and controlled development comes from the retirement
community. The retired seasonal and day visitor populations add
to the overall impact of retirees on the Pamlico County
population. The restrained lifestyle and recreational appeal of
Pamlico County attract many retired individuals who build seasonal
homes, and retirees who are touring the eastern seaboard.
Specific economic data concerning the retired population in
Pamlico County is sketchy, since "retirees" are generally not
treated as an exclusive entity in censal and post-censal economic
studies. Provision of adequate housing and health care to Pamlico
County's elderly population living on low fixed incomes remains an
important community development issue. According to the 1980
Census, 38% of the county's population aged 65 and above was
living below the poverty level, compared to 22% of the population
aged less than 65 who subsided below the poverty level.
I-31

ID. EXISTING LAND USE SUMMARY
1. General Land Use Summary
Since 1985, development in Pamlico County has accelerated.
Most of the development has been the result of residential sub-
division construction along estuarine shoreline areas. In 1990,
there were over 100 approved subdivisions in the county containing
approximately 3,860 lots. Over 760, or 20% of those lots, have
been approved since January, 1985. Map 1 provides the location of
the county's subdivisions, with those approved since January,
1985, indicated. In 1989 and 1990, Pamlico County undertook
amendments to the 1985 Land Use Plan which were, in part, precipi-
tated by this development pressure. The greatest concentrations
of the subdivisions are found.north of Oriental along Greens,
Kershaw, and Smith Creeks; along the shores and tributaries of Bay
River; and along the head waters of Broad Creek and its tribu-
taries. All of these developments are located in flood hazard
areas and may be susceptible to damage from sea level rise.
Much of the residential development is the result of second,
home construction. However, the county's year-round residential
construction is also increasing. The county's water system now
provides central water service into these areas. In addition,
Pamlico County is rapidly moving towards a county -wide sewer
system. These services, coupled with the attractiveness of the
'
county's shoreline areas, will continue to provide strong growth
stimulants. County -wide zoning has not been developed to help
protect the county's investment in those services. However, in
1990/1991, the county updated its Subdivision Ordinance to improve
the regulation of subdivision construction.
Map 2, Areas of Environmental Concern and Other Fragile Areas,
'
provides a clear indication of the limited areas of Pamlico County
which are suited for development. These physical limitations to
development will restrict expansion of the county's water and
sewer systems and cause all development to continue to be
"corridors"
concentrated along shoreline areas and in along state
and secondary roads in the interior areas of the county.
Commercial, service, public/semi-public, and limited indus-
trial land uses are concentrated in the county's incorporated
areas and the unincorporated communities of Reelsboro, Grantsboro,
Olympia, and Hobucken. The county's developed areas are shown on
Map 3. These developed areas are all residential, or residential
with some limited commercial development. Residential densities
'
in the developed area average two dwelling units per acre or
greater.
' Strip, commercial, and mixed residential/commercial develop-
ment has occurred along many sections of N. C. 55 between Alliance
and the western county boundary. This development is increasing
the traffic congestion that occurs on N. C. 55. The continued
proliferation of unrestricted access points will slow traffic and
I-32

NOTES;
1) THE COASTAL WETLAND AREAS ARE
DEFINED BY 15A NCAC 7H.0205 AS ANY
SALT MARSH OR OTHER MARSH SUBJECT
TO REGULAR OR OCCASIONAL FLOODING
BY TIDES, INCLUDING WIND TIDES
(WHETHER OR NOT THE TIDE WATERS
REACH THE MARSHLAND AREAS THROUGH
NATURAL OR ARTIFICIAL ' WATER
COURSES), PROVIDED THIS SHALL NOT
INCLUDE HURRICANE OR TROPICAL STORM
TIDES. PRECISE LOCATIONS OF ALL
COASTAL WETLAND'S MUST BE DETERMINED
IN THE FIELD.
2) ALL WATERS UNDER THE JURISDICTION
OF PAMLICO COUNTY ARE EITHER
ESTUARINE• WATERS OR PUBLIC TRUST
AREAS AS DEFINED IN 15A NCAC 7H.
0206 ESTUARINE WATERS AND .0207
PUBLIC TRUST AREAS.
3) ALL AREAS LYING 0-75' LANDWARD OF
THE MEAN HIGH WATER LEVEL OF
ESTUARINE WATERS ARE CLASSIFIED AS
ESTUARINE SHORELINES. BECAUSE OF
MAP SCALE, THESE AREAS CANNOT BE
ACCURATELY MAPPED. PRECISE
LOCATIONS MUST BE DETERMINED IN THE
FIELD THROUGH CAMA REVIEW AND
PERMIT APPROVAL. ESTUARINE SHORE-
LINES ALONG MOSQUITO DITCHES ARE
NOT CONSIDERED FRAGILE AREAS AND
ARE NOT SUBJECT TO THE ESTUARINE
SHORELINE POLICIES INCLUDED IN 'PHIS
PLAN
LEGEND
TCOASTAL WETLANDS
�� See Note 1
See Note 2 ESTUARINE WATERS AND PUBLIC TRUST AREA
See Note 3 ES
TUARINE SHORELINE
POCOSINS AND WOODED SWAMPS
(404 WETLANDS)
PRIMARY NURSERY AREAS
SECONDARY NURSERY AREAS
INCORPORATED AREAS
.• A. NORTH MINNESOTT SAND RIDGE
B. SOUTH MINNESOTT SAND RIDGE
------- COUNTY BOUNDARY LINE
I. NORTHWEST POCOSIN
2. STONEWALL HARDWOOD FLATS
3. MERRITT HARDWOOD FLATS
4. FEDERAL PAPER HARDWOOD FLATS

\
p � e
r
a
u y r r
.ICO COUNTY
RTH CAROLINA
TING DEVELOPMENT
eeu A! eaie�rn
Map 3
The preparation of this map was financed
In part through a grant provided by the
North Carolina Coastal Management
Program, through funds provided by the
Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972,
as amended, which is administered by the
Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource
Management, National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration.
I-34

d/ t• IN.
The preparation of this map was financed
in part through a grant provided by the
LEGEND North Carolina Coastal Management '1 • am Y,
Program, through funds provided by the
h lnl
'Coastal Zone Management Act "of 1972, a."=�-
as amended, which is administered by the
Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource
Management National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration.
to raw O r - +— _ + �Y• •. _
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\ ARAPAHOE f°m IWI la°i
\ ul• • . V OIIIFNTAL
t
e rite Irao : '
IlePAMLICO COUNTY
NORTH CAROL_ I NA
\ \ G 170 >aD /T y
t ,r\ AREAS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERN
'm , \ AND OTHER FRAGILE AREAS
Mlra'rF SOTT ■1I.In..n hint Ile
BEACH
BEACH / � I-33

further reduce the effectiveness of N. C. 55 to serve as the
primary route of access to Pamlico County.
It is difficult to provide accurate statistics on the acreages
committed to particular land uses in a primarily rural county.
The overall pattern in land use is the most important factor to
consider. Table 22 provides a general indication of land usage in
Pamlico County.
'
Table 22: Pamlico County Land Use Trends
Approximate Acres
% % Percent
Land Use 1985* Total 1991** Total Change
Forested 157,000 43.1 150,000 41.1 - 4.5%
Crops and Pasture 34,000 9.3 39,000 10.6 +14.7%
Urbanized/Developed 3,000 .8 5,000 1.4 +66.7%
Coastal Wetlands 19,000 5.3 19,000 5.3 0
'
(Marshland)
Water 151,000 41.5 151,000 41.6 0
364,000 100.0 364,000 100.0
Source: *1985 Pamlico County Land Use Plan, adjusted to correct error in totals.
**Estimates by Holland Consulting Planners, Inc..
While the greatest total acreage changes occurred in the
forested and crops/pasture categories, the most significant change
occurred in the urbanized/developed category. The county's devel-
oped land category increased by 66.7 percent from 3,000 to approx-
imately 5,000 acres. This is believed to be the greatest single
five-year increase in developed land in the county's history.
While the rate of the increase may decrease, the developed land
category will continue to expand, with resulting decreases in the
forested and crop/pasture categories occurring.
The forested land use category includes approximately 3,450
acres of wooded swamps and 40,300 acres of "bogs" or major
consolidated pocosin areas. These areas are significant because
they constitute the main portion of Pamlico County's inventory of
404 wetland areas. These lands are primarily held in private
ownership. The only significant public holding is the Goose Creek
Wildlife Management which includes approximately 4,195 acres.
Over one-half of the Goose Creek area is located in the eastern
'
edge of the Bay City pocosin.
The Pamlico County crops and pasture category will face
increasing development pressure. The best agricultural soils are
'
found in the "high ground" areas which are also the most desirable
areas for development. These areas are delineated on the soils
map. Within the next ten years, it is expected that the crops and
pasture category will begin to decline.
'
I-35

E. LAND AND WATER USE COMPATIBILITY ANALYSIS
1. General Discussion
This section will focus on land use related issues. Pamlico
County's water resources are discussed in detail in the develop-
ment constraints chapter of this plan. The following provides a
summary of land and water use compatibility issues in Pamlico
County:
Pamlico County is not served by a central sewer system.
-- Strip development is occurring along N. C. 55 west of
Alliance, resulting in significant traffic congestion.
-- Most residential development is occurring in estuarine
shoreline and primary agricultural areas.
-- 11404" wetland areas and the controlling legislation present
obstacles to development and agricultural land use.
-- Military air operations present conflicts with residential
and recreational land uses.
-- Residential subdivision construction is rapidly increasing,
causing a demand for local government services. Partic-
ularly acute is the need for central sewer service and
solid waste disposal.
-- Increasing marina development has caused the establishment
of some local land use policies designed to establish
facilities standards.
-- Almost all residential subdivision development within the
last five years is located within flood hazard areas and
faces the potential of long-term damage from rising sea
level.
-- Zoning is not "in place" to regulate development.
2. Unplanned Development
Problems resulting from unplanned development within the
county have increased during the 1980s. The pressure for develop-
ment, especially in estuarine shoreline areas, has increased.
Estuarine shoreline development was addressed during the 1989/1990
Land Use Plan amendment through the establishment of a policy
requiring an estuarine shoreline conservation zone. With limited
exceptions, establishment of the zone prohibited development
within 75 feet of the estuarine shoreline. The lack of zoning and
weaknesses in the county's subdivision ordinance have allowed some
problems to occur in the quality and location of development.
I-36

1
A major concern of the county during the late 1980s was the
construction of inadequate roads within residential subdivisions.
In some cases, subdivision residents were left with long-term
maintenance problems. This concern was addressed during the
1990/1991 subdivision ordinance update.
The N. C. 55 corridor between the western county line and
Alliance is experiencing the greatest problem from commercial and
mixed residential/commercial development. As discussed previous-
ly, this development is serving to increase traffic congestion on
the N. C. 55 corridor. Zoning could aid in regulating the density
of development.and the mixture of conflicting land uses. This is
especially true in the communities of Reelsboro, Grantsboro and
Olympia. The establishment of both water and sewer services in
this corridor will further stimulate development, creating even
greater congestion problems. The county should develop a•coordi-
'
nated detailed transportation/land use plan for the corridor.
The county's greatest problem stemming from a lack of planning
'
is the inability to have established a county -wide sewer system.
This failure is not the result of the county not recognizing the
need. Throughout the 1980s, Pamlico County pursued the develop-
ment of an effective plan for the establishment of sewer service.
However, high user fees, a lack of state and federal funding, and
low population density in service areas presented serious
obstacles. In 1991, the county,was developing a new county -wide
sewer plan which is expected to lead to the development of a
county -wide sewer system.
'
3. Changes in Predominant Land Uses
During the last five years, increasing residential subdivision
development has been the only major land use change within Pamlico
'
County. This -trend is expected to continue, with subdivision
development occurring on the higher ground along shoreline areas.
In addition, commercial and service development is expected to'.:
'
continue to be concentrated in the incorporated areas and along
the N. C. 55 corridor west of Alliance. Large areas of Pamlico
County will remain undeveloped and utilized largely for forest
production. These areas include the Bay City, Light Ground,
Northwest, and Merritt Hardwood flats pocosins. The 11404" wet-
lands regulatory program will continue to be a major obstacle to
development in Pamlico County. 11404" regulation will not be a
'
problem in the major pocosin areas, but will conflict with the
desire for development along shoreline areas and along those
corridors served by existing water and proposed sewer services.
I-37

4. Summary
Pamlico County experiences a wide range of the land use issues
and problems that are being experienced by North Carolina's
coastal counties. The existing land use section only "highlights"
the problems. This plan must be read in its entirety to fully
appreciate and understand the range of issues confronting the
county. The policies included in this plan must address the
following issues:
-- The need for a county -wide central sewer system.
-- Development in areas not serviced by central water and
sewer facilities.
-- Traffic congestion along N. C. 55.
Low elevation and sea level rise.
-- Conflicts between land uses and military aircraft
operations areas.
-- The development of 11404" wetlands areas.
-- Development of a regional solid waste disposal facility.
-- The regulation of development in estuarine shoreline
areas.
-- Preservation of prime agricultural lands.
-- The stimulation of sound economic development.
F
I-38

F. DEVELOPMENT CONSTRAINTS: PUBLIC FACILITIES
'
1. Water Supply
Pamlico County operates its own water system. County water
lines are installed along most of the major roads in the county
(see Map 4). Approximately 80 percent of county residents are
tied into the system, with the remaining 20 percent not hooked
into the system but located adjacent to the lines. The Town of
'
Oriental operates its own municipal water system.
The system consists of two 600 gallons per minute (gpm) pump
stations located at Grantsboro and Vandemere, one 110 gpm pump
'
station at Bayboro, and one 220 gpm pump station at Minnesott
Beach. There are two deep wells located at each of the four pump
station sites. A 100,000 gallon elevated storage tank at Hobucken
provides backup storage in the event that the water line to Goose
Creek Island from the mainland is damaged. It is estimated that
the system operates at approximately 400 of capacity, with average
'
usage at 16.5 million gallons per month.
The water system is supplied by aquifers located in the
Yorktown/Castle Hayne formations. Based on existing well yields,
the groundwater supply is adequate to serve existing demand.
Water quality is typically hard, alkaline, and may contain iron.
'
Chloride levels in the eastern part of the county may be high,
resulting from salt water intrusion or contamination from brackish
surface waters.
'
2. Wastewater Disposal
The county does not have a central sewage system. Residents
must rely upon septic tanks for sewage disposal. In addition to
septic tanks, there are several wastewater collection or treatment
plant facilities in operation: Pamlico County Courthouse Square,
Gaskill Seafood Company of Bayboro, Pamlico Packing Company of
Vandemere (package treatment plants), and Pamlico County High
School and Pamlico County Junior High School (sewage lagoons).
Most areas of the county are unsuited for septic tanks, with
poor soil permeability. The county Health Department grants
septic tank permits on a conditional basis.
' A 1989 survey of septic tank performance was conducted by the
Department of Human Resources, Shellfish Sanitation Unit, and the
Pamlico County Health Department. The survey included the major-
ity of the area within the Bay River Metropolitan Sewerage
District (generally, the area along Highway 55 between Alliance
and Stonewall; along Highway 304 between Bayboro and Mesic; and
along Highway 307 between Hollyville and Vandemere; see Map 5).
The study enumerated 356 improperly operating septic tanks and
stated "... The number of existing malfunctioning septic tank
' systems and the extensive preparations required to allow
development of marginal new systems clearly indicate the need for
a central sewer system."
' I-39

LEGEND
APPROXIMATE AREA SERVED BY
[IM11M COUNTY WATER LINES
v c v s I N
R
P o c o 1 1
6AMM.
4
o . . .
dtl-z 1�k low
% m1m.
.1e
0
PAMLICO COUNTY
NORTH CAROLINA
COUNTY WATER SYSTEM
Map 4
The preparation of this map was financed
In part through a grant provided by the
North Carolina Coastal Management
Program, through funds provided by the
Caaslol Zone Management Act of 1972,
as amended which Is administered by the
Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource
Management, National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration.
1-40

' The specific area served by the Bay River Metropolitan Sewerage
District is delineated on Map 5. Operation of the system is the
' responsibility of an independent sewer district authority. Actual
operation of the district's system began in April, 1991. In 1992,
the system served 1,300 users. Treatment is provided by a ten -
acre, three -cell lagoon system which discharges into the Bay River.
The system is in full compliance with its operating permit.
Simultaneous to the preparation of this plan, the district was
assessing the options available for increasing its discharge
capability. Those options included land application and increasing
point source discharge into the Bay River. Pamlico County fully
' supports the efforts by the district to expand the area of service
and to increase its discharge capability.
' 3. Educational Facilities
Pamlico County public school students are served by two elemen-
tary schools (Arapahoe, K-8, and Anderson, K-4; one junior high
' school (Pamlico Junior, 5-8); and one senior high school (Pamlico
County Senior, 9-12). Enrollment versus capacity figures as of
November, 1990, are shown in Table 23.
' Table 23: Enrollment vs. Design Capacity
in Pamlico County Schools, 1990-91
' % Over/
School Enrollment Capacity ,Under
' Arapahoe Elementary 223 250 -10%
Anderson Elementary 741 700 + 5%
Pamlico Junior High 572 700 -18%
Pamlico County Senior High 564 650 -13%
Source: Pamlico County Board of Education.
' Anderson Elementary School is operating over capacity by 5% --
there is a new wing planned to be added at Anderson as soon as
funds are made available. The other three schools appear to be
operating under capacity; however, it is important to note that the
capacity figures given above include several mobile units which
have had to be installed to accommodate enrollment.
' In addition to the new wing at Anderson Elementary, other
improvements currently in initial planning stages include gymnasium
' facilities (either renovation of the existing facilities or
addition of new facilities) and a classroom wing (to include
biology/chemistry labs) at the high school. The Pamlico County
Board of Education receives federal, state and county assistance.
' The amount received varies considerably from year to year. The
local board determines each year where the money is to be used
depending upon the degree of necessity.
' There are currently no private schools operating in the
county.
' I-41

The preparation of this map was financed
In part through a grant provided by the
North Carolina Coastal Management
Program, through funds provided by the
'Coastal Zone Management Act bf 1972,
as amended, which is administered by the
Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource
Management, National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration.
SOUR
USE PLAN, AS AMENDED 1989
ENLARGED AREA
Map 5
BAY RIVER METROPOLITAN
SEWERAGE DISTRICT

4. Transportation
' a) Roads
According to the N. C. Department of Transportation thor-
oughfare plan, which was adopted by the county in 1971, the road
system in Pamlico County is comprised of minor arterial, major
collector, or minor collector roads. Minor arterial roads in the
county are Highway 306 running north -south between Minnesott Beach
' and Bennett, and Highway 55 running east -west between Grantsboro
and Olympia. The remainder of Highway 55, generally between
Grantsboro and Oriental, and the remainder of Highway 304, gener-
ally between Bayboro and Goose Creek Island, are classified as
major collector roads.
' The county provides input on an annual basis to the state's
Transportation Improvement Plan. When needed improvements are
identified for input to this plan, consideration should be given to
the impact of such improvements on the economic growth and develop-
ment in the county. One of the deterrents to development in
Pamlico County has been the lack of access to the north and south,
specifically to Highways U. S. 17 and U. S. 70. Although ferries
do cross the Pamlico and Neuse Rivers, they are not suitable for
high volume traffic. Access to Highways 70 and 17 through New Bern
is not adequate because of the open -on -demand swing bridges over
the Trent and Neuse Rivers and the congested traffic conditions on
the approaches to these bridges. Although outside the jurisdiction
of Pamlico County, controlled opening schedules for these bridges
are being considered and an engineering study of a new bridge over
the Neuse River will begin in 1990. Implementation of these
changes will improve access to the county.
b) Air Transportation
There is a small turf strip airport located approximately
1% miles north of Bayboro. The airport is privately owned by a
flying club. Facilities include a 2900' x 50' lighted turf runway,
wind sock, a 40' x 30' hangar, and a small building from which a
crop dusting service operates. The airport has five based
aircraft; most of the airport's operations are on weekends for
pleasure trips. The tourist population also uses the airport
frequently during hunting and fishing seasons.
c) Navigable Waters
' The Intracoastal Waterway traverses Pamlico County along
its southeastern border northward through Bay River and between the
mainland and Goose Creek Island. The waterway provides an
indispensable route for fishermen, commercial barge traffic, and
recreational boat traffic, all instrumental to the county's
economic well-being. Recent years have seen a continuing increase
in waterway traffic as tourism activities have increased.
1 I-43

5. Recreation and Open Space
Pamlico County is rich in recreational and open space
resources. To address the recreational needs presented by future
growth, the county's Recreation Commission prepared a master plan
for parks and recreation, adopted by the county in 1980. This plan
established recreational goals for the county, provided an inven-
tory of existing facilities, and identified immediate, intermediate
and long-range facility needs.
The 1980 recreation plan identified a number of existing facil-
ities in the county. Among these are multi -purpose courts located
in eight different communities (see Table 25) and tennis courts, a
play lot and basketball court in Bayboro. A number of scenic and
historic areas have been identified by the Soil Conservation
Service, including a number of historically significant buildings
(China Grove Plantation, Alonza Holton House, Jeptha Holton House,
the Pamlico County Court House; the Reel House, and the Smith
House). Also identified are several important archaeological
sites, including: The Paradise Shores Hammocks, the Middle Bay
Site, and the Vandemere Site. A number of scenic pocosin and
wetland areas are also identified in the SCS survey.
The need for a centralized recreation complex was addressed in
1984 with the purchase of an 88-acre tract of land, with the aid of
a Land and Water Conservation Fund matching grant. When fully
completed, this facility will include several ballfields, a track,
a jogging trail, a nature trail, and tennis courts, among other
facilities. The facility is located on Ireland Road, off Highway
55.
Table 24:
Recreational Court
Sites in Pamlico County
1.
Lowland
Tennis court,
two stationary basketball goals,
asphalt.
2.
Hobucken
Tennis court,
one permanent basketball goal,
asphalt.
3.
Mesic
Tennis court,
one swing -around basketball
goal.
4.
Vandemere
Tennis court,
two permanent basketball goals,
asphalt.
5.
Oriental
Tennis court.
6. Arapahoe Lighted tennis court and two basketball goals. I
7. Reelsboro
Olympia Lighted tennis court, asphalt.
8. Pamlico Co. Multi -purpose courts with six-foot fencing,
Junior High concrete.
Source: 1980 Pamlico County Master Plan for Parks and Recreation I
I-44 1

The need to obtain and develop water access identified in the
recreational plan is further supported in the 1980 Land Use Plan:
Present public access areas to the waters surrounding
Pamlico County is very limited. At the present time, the
1 county does not own any public beaches or other
recreational areas adjacent to water. There are three
wildlife boating ramps in use and also a public ramp at
Vandemere. The county policy is to support and encourage
the development of public facilities with adequate parking
which will insure every county resident with easily acces-
sible access to the water. (1980 Land Use Plan, p. 144.)
iThe plan also lays out a number of long term recreational goals
for the county (five to fifteen years). Among these are: the need
for a joint county -state park, the need for nature trails, the need
for neighborhood park facilities, and the continued solicitation of
funds for recreational purposes.
In March, 1988, Pamlico County adopted the Pamlico County,
North Carolina, Estuarine/Shoreline Access Plan. That plan served
as a refinement of a number of the recommendations contained in the
1980 Land Use Plan. A number of site specific recommendations for
shoreline access facilities were provided, including a recommen-
dation for an access site in the Dawson Creek area. In FY90, the
county successfully applied for $38,550 in state shoreline access
funds to acquire and develop a one-half acre Dawson Creek access
site. The state grant was matched with $12,850 in local funds, for
a total project cost of $51,400. Construction was -anticipated to
begin in the winter of 1991-1992. Proposed facilities included
parking, benches, deck, gazebo, and beach access ramp.
6. Solid Waste Disposal
Pamlico County operates the county's only sanitary landfill,
which is the ultimate disposal site for all domestic and commercial
waste collected in the county. The landfill, located on Highway
306 North near Silverhill, is scheduled to become a transfer
station in 1993. Pamlico County is partners with Carteret and
Craven counties in a regional solid waste management authority.
The Local Government Commission has authorized bond sales of
approximately $50 million by this regional authority to provide for
an alternate waste disposal site and an interim landfill in Craven
County.
The towns of Alliance, Minnesott Beach, and Oriental are par-
ticipating in recycling programs by offering curbside pick-up of
glass, cans, plastic, and paper. The county provides ten mobile
recycling collection sites and the landfill has separate collection
sites for glass, cans, plastic and paper as well as for used oil,
batteries, tires, and yard waste.
1 I-45

Trash disposal for residences and businesses throughout the
county is handled by private waste disposal contractors. Each
homeowner or business owner has an individual agreement with the
company of their choice for trash disposal needs.
7. Other County Facilities
There are nine volunteer fire departments throughout the county
located in Arapahoe, Vandemere, Oriental, Reelsboro, Bayboro,
Olympia, Grantsboro, Goose Creek, and Whortonsville, with a total
of 216 available volunteers. The county's rescue squad is also
all -volunteer with 32 members. The rescue squad is equipped with
three emergency transport vehicles and a rescue boat. The fire
departments and rescue squad are both dispatched through a central
number at the Sheriff's Department. The Sheriff's Department
consists of the sheriff, eight full-time deputies, and three
special auxiliary deputies.
Health Services for the county's residents are provided by the
medical center in Bayboro and a doctor's office in Oriental. The
medical center is staffed with three physicians, x-ray equipment
and a laboratory. The doctor's office is staffed with one full-
time physician. The nearest hospital is Craven Regional Medical
Center in New Bern. New Bern also provides specialists for the
county's residents. Additional health services in Pamlico County
include two pharmacies, two dentists, and a County Health Depart-
ment. Supplemental health services for the county's low-income
residents are provided by the Department of Social Services.
8. Topography/Geology and Groundwater Resources
Pamlico County is situated on almost level land which was
formed during periods of higher sea level. The eastern two-thirds
of the county between Pamlico Sound and Minnesott Ridge (parallel-
ing N.C. 306) is called the Pamlico Terrace. The highest points in
the county, approximately 50 feet above sea level, are located
along the ridge. To the west of Minnesott Ridge is the Terrace
which includes the remaining one-third of the county. This area is
relatively flat, but does include some sloping areas which are 25
to 50 feet above sea level.
Pamlico County is underlain by the Yorktown formation. This is
a relatively thin surficial aquifer which is thickest along the
Minnesott Ridge area. The maximum depth of the aquifer is 75 feet.
Beneath the Yorktown formation is the very productive Castle Hayne
artesian aquifer. This limestone formation provides the main
source of potable water within the county. The water is generally
hard, with a variable content of iron. Along some estuaries, the
water tends to be slightly salty. PH ranges from 7.2 to 8.1, and
the iron content ranges from .06 to .05 per million. Domestic
wells in the Castle Hayne aquifer generally yield 20 to 50 gallons
per minute, and commercial wells may yield several hundred gallons
per minute.
I-46

Based on relief, Pamlico County may be divided into four areas:
1) uplands and sand ridges, 2) pocosins, 3) floodplains, and 4)
salt marshes (coastal wetlands). The upland and sand ridges are
gently sloping areas of excessively drained and well drained soils
with some "pockets" of poorly drained soils. Generally, these
1 areas have the best conditions for development within the county.
The pocosins (404 wetlands) are depressed areas of thick deposits
of organic material. They have poor drainage and runoff is
normally very slow. The floodplains and salt marshes are level
areas and are poorly drained. The pocosins and salt marshes
(coastal wetlands) are discussed in the Fragile Areas section of
the plan.
9. Flood Hazard Areas
Flood Insurance Rate Maps were prepared for Pamlico County in
August, 1985, by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA).
The 100-year flood serves as the base flood for the purpose of
floodplain management. The 100-year flood line represents the
level that water would reach or "rise to" during a flood that may
be expected to occur on the average of once during a 100-year
period. Thus, there is a 1% chance of a 100-year flood occurring
during any one year.
Map 6 provides the approximate boundaries of the Pamlico County
flood insurance zones which represent areas having flood potential.
The Zone V areas are those areas which would be inundated by a
100-year flood. These areas may also suffer some hazards resulting
from storm generated waves. Zone V generally extends inland to
areas where the 100-year flood depth is sufficient to support a
3-foot breaking wave. Such wave action would normally be
associated with strong coastal storms. Because of the additional
' hazards associated with wave action, the National Flood Insurance
Program regulations require more demanding construction procedures
in those areas affected by wave action, including elevating
structures on piles or piers.
Because of map scale and size, Flood Zones A and B were com__.
bined. These areas are located between the V zone and the 500-year
floods (without wave action). The final flood category is the C
zone. This area is subject to only minimal flooding.
In 1986, the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers prepared maps of
coastal North Carolina which delineated the flooding which may be
expected to occur as a result of hurricanes. The maps were
' prepared utilizing a computer base model named SLOSH, Sea Lake
Overlaid Surge From Hurricanes. The model plots hurricane related
flooding which may result from a number of characteristics includ-
ing wind speed, wind direction, time, tide, etc.
Map 7 indicates the areas of Pamlico County which may be
affected by hurricane -generated storm surge. The following defines
1 the five storm surge categories:
1 I-47

ec..ra� mxrY
\
LEGEND
\
\
ZONE V
0 ZONE C
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THE INCORPORATED AREAS OF ALLIANCE, BAYBORO,.
VANDFMERE, ORIENTAL, AND THE GOOSE CREEK GAME LANDS
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WERE NOT INCLUDED IN THE FLOOD ZONES STUDY:
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PAMLICO COUNTY
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NORTH CAROLINA
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Map 6
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The preparation of this map was financed
in port through a grant provided by the
North Carolina Coastal Management
Program, through funds provided by the
Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972.
as amended, which is administered by the
Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource
an
Management, Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration.
I-48

\a
LEGEND
CATEGORY
1-2 SURGE AREA
The preparation of this map was financed
in part through a grant provided by the
Carolina Coastal Management
CATEGORY
\
3 ADDITIONAL SURGE AREA f%�,;.. N..
North
Program through funds provided by the
•
'
Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972
as amended, which is administered by the
CATEGORY
4-5 ADDITIONAL SURGE AREA 1 •,�;�;• �•••
•'.•.
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Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource
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NORTH CAROLINA
MAP 7
MIF14E50T7 FLOOD HAZARD AREAS MAP
1.
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I-49

Category 1. Winds of 74 to 95 miles per hour. Damage primar-
ily to shrubbery, trees, foliage, and unanchored mobile homes.
No appreciable wind damage to other structures. Some damage to
poorly constructed signs. Storm surge possibly 4 to 5 feet
above normal. Low-lying roads inundated, minor pier damage,
j
some small craft in exposed anchorage torn from moorings.
Category 2. Winds of 96 to 110 miles per hour. Considerable
damage to shrubbery and tree foliage; some trees blown down.
Major damage to exposed mobile homes. Extensive damage to
poorly constructed signs. Some damage to roofing materials of
buildings; some window and door damage. No major wind damage
to buildings. Storm surge possibly 6 to 8 feet above normal.
Coastal roads and low-lying escape routes inland cut by rising
water 2 to 4 hours before arrival of hurricane center. Consid-
erable damage to piers. Marinas flooded. Small craft in
unprotected anchorages torn from moorings. Evacuation of some
shoreline residences and low-lying island areas required.
Category 3. Winds of 111 to 130 miles per hour. Foliage torn
from trees; large trees blown down. Practically all poorly
constructed signs blown down. Some damage to roofing materials
of buildings; some window and door damage. Some structural
damage to small buildings. Mobile homes destroyed. Storm
surge possibly 9 to 12 feet above normal. Serious flooding at
coast and many smaller structures near coast destroyed; larger
structures near coast damaged by battering waves and floating
debris. Low-lying escape routes inland cut by rising water 3
to 5 hours before hurricane center arrives.
Category 4. Winds of 131 to 155 miles per hour. Shrubs and
trees blown down; all signs down. Extensive damage to roofing
materials, windows, and doors. Complete failure of roofs on
many small residences. Complete destruction of mobile homes.
Storm surge possibly 13 to 18 feet above normal. Major damage
to lower floors of structures near shore due to flooding and
battering by waves and floating debris. Low-lying escape
routes inland cut by rising water 3 to 5 hours before hurricane
center arrives. Major erosion of beaches.
Category 5. Winds greater than 155 miles per hour. Shrubs and
trees blown down; considerable damage to roofs of buildings;
all signs down. Very severe and extensive damage to windows
and doors. Complete failure of roofs on many residences and
industrial buildings. Extensive shattering of glass in windows
and doors. Some complete building failures. Small buildings
overturned or blown away. Complete destruction of mobile
homes. Storm surge possibly greater than 18 feet above normal.
Major damage to lower floors of all structures less than 15
feet above sea level. Low-lying escape routes inland cut by
rising water 3 to 5 hours before hurricane center arrives.
1 I-50

The most severely affected area of Pamlico County during a
major storm would be the eastern one-half of the county. A
Category 3 storm would inundate over one-third of the county's land
area, all roads generally lying east of Bayboro, and almost all
subdivisions approved for development since 1985.
A long-range flooding problem may result from anticipated sea
level rise. During the past century, the sea has risen approxi-
mately one foot. Generally, experts expect the sea level rise to
accelerate during the next century and rise an additional four to
seven feet. Such a rise in sea level would have a dramatic adverse
impact on Pamlico County. It is forecast that a five-foot sea
level rise would result in approximately 25 to 30 percent of the
county's existing land area being lost. In addition, 5 to 10
thousand people could be permanently displaced. (Data provided by
R. Paul Wilms and presented in "The Effects of Global Warming and
Sea Level Rise on Coastal North Carolina," Carolina Planning, Fall,
1991.) Much of the county's coastal wetland areas could be lost.
This is a serious potential problem which must be carefully
monitored by the county and mitigative actions defined.
10. Areas With Soils Limitations
The majority of the soils in Pamlico County are poorly to very
poorly drained and have some limitations for development or other
productive uses. Table 25 provides a summary of the Pamlico County
soil associations and their characteristics. The associations are
delineated on Map 8.
Table 25
Pamlico County -Soil Associations
WELL DRAINED BY POORLY DRAINED SOILS; NEAR DRAINAGEWAYS
1. Yonges-Atlavista-Fork: Nearly level, poorly drained,
moderately well drained, and somewhat poorly drained soils that
have a loamy subsoil; on low marine and stream terraces.
2. Goldsboro -Lynchburg -Norfolk:. Nearly.level to gently sloping,
moderately well drained, somewhat poorly drained, and well
drained soils that have a loamy subsoil; on uplands.
VERY POORLY DRAINED AND POORLY DRAINED SOILS:
ON BROAD INTERSTREAM FLATS AND IN DEPRESSIONS
3. Stockade-Arapahoe-Wasdd: Nearly level, very poorly drained
soils that have a loamy subsoil; on low marine and stream
terraces.
4. Paxville-Rains: Nearly level, very poorly drained and poorly
drained soils that have a loamy subsoil; on uplands.

LEGEND
WELL
DRAINED TO POORLY DRAINED SOILS; NEAR DRAINAGEWAYS
1
2
Yonges-Altavista-Fork
Goldsboro -Lynchburg
-Norfolk
VERY
POORLY DRAINED AND POORLY DRAINED SOILS; ON BROAD
INTERSTREAM.FLATS_AND IN DEPRESSIONS
3
Stockade-Arapahoe-Wasda
4
Paxville Rains
SOILS THAT MAINLY HAVE A CLAYEY SUBSOIL
5
Argent-Brookman-Wahee
6
Leaf -Craven -Lenoir
VERY
POORLY DRAINED, MUCKY SOILS
7
Belhaven -Dare
8
Croatan-Dare
VERY
POORLY DRAINED SOILS; IN SALT T MARSHES
9
Lafitte-Hobucken
SANDY SOILS
10
Leon-Tomahawk-Rutlege
F
N,
0
0
0
ti
0
c
4LICO COUNTY
ZRTH CAROLINA
SOILS MAP
WAS M eruMee
Map 8
The preparation of this map was financed
In part through a grant provided by the
North Carolina Coastal Management
Program, through funds provided by the
Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972.
as amended, which Is administered by the
Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource
Management, National Oceanic end
Atmospheric Administration.
I-52

SOILS THAT MAY HAVE A CLAYEY SUBSOIL
5. Argent-Brookman-Wahee: Nearly level, poorly drained, very
poorly drained, and somewhat poorly drained soils that have a
clayey or loamy subsoil; on low marine and stream terraces.
6. Leaf -Craven -Lenoir: Nearly level to gently sloping, poorly
drained, moderately well drained, and somewhat poorly drained
soils that have a clayey subsoil; on uplands.
VERY POORLY DRAINED, MUCKY SOILS
7. Belhaven -Dare: Nearly level, very poorly drained, mucky soils
that are subject to frequent ponding; on low marine terraces.
8. Croatan-Dare: Nearly level, very poorly drained, mucky soils
that are subject to frequent ponding; on uplands.
VERY POORLY DRAINED SOILS; IN SALT MARSHES
9. Lafitte-Hobucken: Nearly level, very poorly drained, mucky and
foamy soils that are flooded frequently with salt water; in
marshes.
SANDY SOILS
10. Leon -Tomahawk -Rutledge: Nearly level to gently sloping, poorly
drained, moderately well drained,. and very poorly drained soils
that have a sandy or loamy subsoil; on uplands.
As indicated on the soils map, the best soil conditions are
found in the higher land areas along Bay River, portions of the
Neuse River shoreline, Broad Creek, and Beard Creek. These areas
provide prime agricultural lands and are being subjected to strong
development pressure. The worst soil conditions are found in the
pocosins and the coastal wetland areas. (See soil categories 7, 8,
9 and 10, Table 25, and Map 8.) Most areas of Pamlico County have
some limitations for septic tank usage.
11. Manmade Hazards
There are 43 sites in Pamlico County which contain hazardous
materials. These sites include underground storage tanks, above
ground storage tanks, fertilizer and foam chemical storage, and
marinas with fuel storage sites. The following provides a list of
the hazardous materials locations which were known to exist in
1991.
Ballance Hardware Bay River Pottery
SR 1230, Lowland Bayboro, NC 304
Fuel Fuel
Beach Mart Cahoon Foods, Inc.
Hwy. 306 Minnesott Beach SR 1005, Arapahoe
Fuel Fuel
I-53

Country Outlet
Grantsboro
Fuel
Cowell Farms
SR 1002 S, Bayboro
Fuel, fertilizer, farm
chemecal storage
FA Miller
Hwy. 304, Maribel
Fuel
Handy Mart #11
Hwy. 55 E, Alliance
Fuel
Little Sooper
Hwy. 306 S, Arapahoe
Fuel
Miller Shop Quick
Hwy. 55 E, Stonewall
Fuel
Minnesott Beach Yacht Basin
SR 1121, Minnesott
Fuel
Oriental Town Hall
Hwy. 55 & Church St.
Fuel
PC School Bus Garage
Hwy. 55, Alliance
Fuel
Pamlico County Courthouse
Hwy. 55, Bayboro
Fuel
Pinedale Food Mart
Hwy. 55, Reelsboro
Fuel
Sawyers Conv. Mart
NC 55 & 306, Grantsboro
Fuel
Tideland EMC
Hwy. 55 S, Grantsboro
Fuel
County of Pamlico
Hwy. 55, Bayboro
Fuel
Duval Service Station
Hwy. 306, Arapahoe
Fuel
Forrest Farm Supply
Main St., Bayboro
Fuel, fertilizer, farm
chemical storage
Mac's Mini Mart
Hwy. 55 & Ragan Road
Fuel
Minnesott Beach Mart
SR 301, Minnesott
Fuel
Munchie Mart #2
Hwy. 55 & Chair Road
Fuel
NC DOT Maintenance Yard
Hwy. 306 S, Grantsboro
Fuel
NC Div. of Forest Resources
NC 306, Grantsboro
Fuel
PC Maintenance Warehouse
SR 1337, Stonewall
Fuel
Pamlico Co. Gas Co.
NC 55 N, Bayboro
Fuel
Pamlico Co. High School
Hwy. 55, Bayboro
Fuel
Prices Service Station
Hwy. 306, Arapahoe
Fuel
Scotchman #44
Hwy. 55 & 304, Bayboro
Fuel
I-54

Minnesott Yacht Repairs
Town & Country
SR 1121, Minnesott
Hwy. 55, Oriental
Fuel
Fuel
Hardison Oil Co.
Gatlin Oil Co.
Hwy. 55, Bayboro
Hwy. 55, Bayboro
Fuel
Fuel
Pamlico Chemical Co.
Pamco-Dixie Farm Services
Hwy. 55, Alliance
Hwy. 55, Alliance
Fuel, fertilizer, and farm
Fuel, fertilizer, and farm
chemicals
chemicals
U.S. Coast Guard Station
Parker Grain Co.
Hwy. 33, Hobucken
Hwy. 306, Grantsboro
Fuel
Fuel
Grantsboro Service Station
Eastern Propane
Hwy. 55, Grantsboro
Hwy. 55, Alliance
Fuel
Fuel
Point Marina
Deaton Yacht Service
Whortonsville, NC
200 Neuse Dr., Oriental
Fuel
Fuel
Whittaker Creek
Whittaker Point
Yacht Harbor
Road
Fuel
Additional hazardous materials
may be found at some marinas
and large farms.
While there is not a major
airport in Pamlico County, there is
substantial aircraft operations
activity which may create hazardous
situations. Approximately the
eastern two-thirds of the county is
located within restricted area
utilized for military training
R-5306A. The area is heavily
flights which primarily originate
out of the Cherry Point Marine
Corps Air Station. Triangular
shaped section of Pamlico County
south of Grantsboro is located in
Alert A-530. An alert area is
airspace which may contain a high
volume of pilot training activities
or unusual type of aerial
activity, neither of which is hazardous to aircraft. Map 9
delineates the western boundary
of R-5306A and the portion of
Pamlico County covered by Alert
Area A-530.
_
12. Fragile Areas
Fragile areas are areas which could easily be damaged or des-
troyed by inappropriate or poorly planned development. There are
numerous important fragile areas in Pamlico County. The areas
include both Areas of Environmental Concern (AECs), and other
natural resource fragile areas, as shown on Map 2. Most of the
inland fragile areas are not being adversely affected by develop-
ment. However, there are many conflicts in the coastal/shoreline
areas of the county between development and AECs/fragile areas.
I-55

`•\'� / /
asno
�`• -�
3TRICTED
:AS
4 MILES
za
m Io " m m

P-,
a) Coastal Wetlands
The coastal wetlands are generally delineated on Map 2, Areas
of Environmental Concern. However, it is emphasized that the
specific locations of coastal wetlands can be determined only
through on -site investigation and analysis. Coastal wetlands
are defined as salt marshes regularly- or irregularly -flooded
by tides, including wind tides, provided this shall not include
hurricane or tropical storm tides. This area contains some,
but not necessarily all of the following marsh plant species:
Cordgrass, salt marsh, Black Needlerush, Glasswort, Salt Grass,
Sea Lavendar, Bulrush, Saw Grass, Cat -tail, Salt Meadow Grass,
and Salt Reed Grass. The coastal wetlands are vital to the
complex food chain found in estuaries. They provide marine
nursery areas and are essential to a sound commercial fishing
industry. Coastal wetlands also serve as barriers against
flood damage and control erosion between the estuary and
uplands. Approximately 20 percent of Pamlico County's land
area includes coastal wetlands. The largest concentrations are
located east of Lowland and Hobucken around Mouse Harbor, Big
Porpoise Bay and Middle Bay; around Jones Bay; and along
Pamlico County Sound east of Spring Lake.
b) Estuarine Waters
Estuarine waters are generally brackish waters found in coastal
estuaries and bays. The boundary lines between inland and
coastal fishing waters are set forth in an agreement adopted by
the Wildlife Resources Commission and the Department of
Environment, Health and Natural Resources, and are provided in
the most current revision of the North Carolina Marine Fisher-
ies Regulations for Coastal Waters, codified at 15A NCAC 3F.-
0200. It should be noted that this boundary line changes
regularly, and the Marine Fisheries Regulations should be fre-
quently consulted. Within Pamlico County, estuarine waters
include waters located within the Pamlico River, Pamlico Sound,
Neuse River, and the bays, rivers and creeks leading to those
waters. They are the dominant component and bonding element of
the entire estuarine system, integrating aquatic influences
from both the land and the sea. The estuarine waters are among
the most productive natural environments of Pamlico County.
The waters support the valuable commercial and sports fisheries
of the coastal area which are comprised of estuarine dependent
species such as menhaden, flounder, shrimp, crabs, and
oysters.
c) Estuarine Shorelines
Estuarine shorelines are -non -ocean shorelines that are
especially vulnerable to erosion, flooding, or other adverse
effects of wind and water. They are intimately connected to
the estuary. The estuarine shoreline area extends from the
mean high water level or normal water level along the estu-
aries, sounds, bays, and brackish waters for a distance of 75
1 I-57

d)
feet landward. Development within the estuarine shorelines
influences the quality of estuarine life and is subject to the
damaging processes of shorefront erosion and flooding.
Public Trust Areas
Public trust areas are all waters of the Atlantic Ocean and the
lands thereunder from the mean high water mark to the seaward
limit of state jurisdiction; all natural bodies of water
subject to measurable lunar tides and lands thereunder to the
mean high water mark; all navigable natural bodies of water and
lands thereunder to the mean high water level or mean water
level as the case may be, except privately -owned lakes to which
the public has no right of access; all water in artificially
created bodies of water containing significant public fishing
resources or other public resources which are accessible to the
public by navigation from bodies of water in which the public
has rights of navigation; and all waters in artificially
created bodies of water in which the public has acquired rights
by prescription, custom, usage, dedication, or any other means.
In determining whether the public has acquired rights in arti-
ficially created bodies of water, the following factors shall
be considered:
(1) the use of the body of water by the public,
(2) the length of time the public has used the area,
(3) the value of public resources in the body of water,
(4) whether the public resources in the body of water are
mobile to the extent that they can move into natural
bodies of water,
(5) whether the creation of the artificial body of water
required permission from the state, and
(6) the value of the body of water to the public for naviga-
tion from one area to another public area.
public
These areas are significant because the public has rights in
these areas, including navigation and recreation. The public
trust areas also support valuable commercial and sports fish-
eries, have aesthetic value, and are important resources for
economic development.
It is impossible to map the public trust area. The areas must
be determined through in -field analysis and definition.
e) Historic and Archaeological Sites
Pamlico County contains a significant number of archaeolog-
ically and historically significant sites. A county -wide sur-
vey of significant archaeological sites has not been completed.
However, the North Carolina Division of Archives and History
has identified over 30 significant sites. The site locations
are restricted information, and therefore are not identified in
this plan. It is recommended that all development projects be
coordinated with Archives and History to avoid destruction of
the identified sites.
I-58 1

400
The Division of Archives and History recognizes over
properties within Pamlico County which have historical and/or
architectural significance. China Grove in Oriental was listed
on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973. The
following properties are eligible for listing on the National
Register: Goodwin House/Pamlico vicinity, Carrie Harris House/
Alliance, Pamlico County Register of Deeds Office/Bayboro, and
the Summer Winds archaeological site. In addition, Appendix I
provides a listing of other properties considered to have
historic and/or architectural significance.
f) 404 Wetlands
404 wetlands are areas covered by water or that have water-
logged soils for long periods during the growing season.
Plants growing in wetlands are capable of living in soils
lacking oxygen for at least part of the growing season. Some
wetlands, such as swamps, are obvious. Others are sometimes
difficult to identify because they may be dry during part of -
the year. Wetlands include, but are not limited to, bottom -
lands, forests, swamps, pocosins, pine savannahs, bogs,
marshes, and wet meadows.
Section 404 of the Clean Water Act requires that anyone inter-
ested in depositing dredged or fill material into "waters of
the United States," including wetlands, must apply for and
receive a permit for such activities.
Map 2; Areas of Environmental Concern and Other Fragile Areas,
provides a general delineation of wetlands areas. These major
wetland areas are found in the Bay City and light ground
pocosins. However, the specific locations of wetlands areas
must be determined through specific on -site analysis by the
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Washington, North Carolina,
Office.
Wetlands are a significant natural resource because they
provide recharge areas for groundwater; serve as filter traps
for sediment, pesticides and other pollutants; provide non-
structural flood control; buffer against shoreline erosion;
serve as buffer zones between upland activities and valuable
aquatic systems; and provide habitats for numerous furbearing
animals, endangered species, and other wildlife.
Simultaneous to the preparation of this plan, amendments to the
federal definition of wetlands were being considered which
reduce the areas afforded protection under the wetlands legis-
lation. Those areas known as "non-splashable" wetlands, which
include pine forests, meadows, and brushy areas where water
lies just below the surface, would be eliminated from 404
regulation. This change would significantly increase the areas
of Pamlico County which could be considered to have development
potential.
I-59

g) Natural Resource Fragile Areas
Natural resource fragile areas are generally recognized to be
of educational, scientific, or cultural value because of the
natural features of the particular site. Features in these
areas serve to distinguish them from the vast majority of the
landscape.
In Pamlico County, these areas include complex natural areas,
areas that sustain remnant species, pocosins, wooded swamps,
and prime wildlife habitats.
The State of North Carolina, through the Division of Parks and
Recreation, established the North Carolina Natural Heritage
Program in 1976. The goal of the program is to identify
systematically and objectively the state's most significant
features. Consultant with the program, where inventories have
been completed, will aid in determining if an area is a habitat
of an endangered species, habitat of other species of concern,
or an area of exceptional natural features. In mid-1991, the
Natural Heritage Inventory for Pamlico County had not been
completed. A final inventory report was expected in late 1991
or early 1992: In the absence of the final natural heritage
inventory, the North Carolina Natural Heritage Program recom-
mended reliance on the 1982 Peacock and Lynch Study which
identified some important Pamlico County natural areas.
However, the Peacock and Lynch study contained a major short-
fall in that it focused on terrestrial side sites and -did not
include coastal wetlands or other shoreline/estuarine sites.
The following excerpt from the 1987 Land Use Plan provides a
summary of the results of the Peacock and Lynch study.
"An intensive study carried out by Peacock and Lynch (1982)
identified six important natural areas within Pamlico County.
All of these support some rare plant and/or animal species,
but were not selected solely on that basis. Questions that
Peacock and Lynch asked during the survey of sites throughout
the county were:
1. Does the site have regional, state or county -wide
significance as a natural area?
2. Are there unusual habitat conditions present?
3. Has the site recovered from or escaped prior
disturbance?
4. Is the site representative of a type of habitat
which is rapidly being converted to other land
uses?
5. Would loss of habitat constitute an irretrievable
loss of resources to Pamlico County?
I-60

"size
The selection of the final site was based on and age of
canopy species, biologic, edaphic and hydrologic diversity,
extensiveness of habitat(s) and contiguity with other natural
areas, absence of intensive disturbance and recovery from
past disturbance, and the presence of a full range of
communities and ecological conditions functioning as a
system."
The following summarized the identified areas:
Natural Area Acreage
Hardwood Flats
A. Federal Paper 2,400
B. Stonewall 425
C. Merritt 1,500
Sand Ridges
A. North Minnesott 1,250
B. South Minnesott 380
Northwest Pocosin 12,500
These sites are located on Map 2, Areas of Environmental
Concern and Other Fragile Areas.
Wooded swamp areas include woody -cypress, tupelo,,gum, black
gum, red maple, red bay, sweet bay;. and in places, white cedar,
herbaceous lizard tail, burrweed, pickerelweed, spatter dock,
duckweed and smartweed. The areas provide habitat for raccoon,
rabbit, gray squirrel, mink, otter and alligator. Most of
these areas may also be 404 wetlands. Specific 404 wetlands
locations must be determined by the U. S. Army Corps of
Engineers, Wilmington District Office. Pamlico County's most
significant wooded swamp areas exist along the upper sections
of Broad Creek, Goose Creek and Trent Creek, as shown on Map
2.
h) Slopes
in Excess of 12%
In Pamlico
County, slopes in excess
of 12% are not normally
found. The
only significant areas
are found along the "high
ground" riverfront areas fronting on
the Neuse River. Exces-
sive slope
is not considered to be
an obstacle to development
in Pamlico
County.

I
i) Excessive Erosion Areas
Shoreline erosion is a natural hazard within Pamlico County.
Of the county's 348 miles of bay and estuarine shoreline, 54.7
miles are considered to be experiencing serious erosion prob-
lems. These areas are identified on Map 10. The following
defines the nine shoreline areas experiencing serious erosion
problems. (Source: June, 1987, Pamlico County CAMA Land Use
Plan, as amended January 26, 1990.)
Reach No. 1
- Avg. width lost to erosion
Avg. height of bank
Length of shoreline.eroding
Length of shoreline accreting
Total length of shoreline
Reach No. 2 - Avg. width lost to erosion
Avg. height of bank
Length of shoreline eroding
Length of shoreline accreting
Total length of shoreline
Reach No. 3 - Avg. width lost to erosion
Avg. height of bank
Length of shoreline eroding
Length of shoreline accreting
Total length of shoreline
Reach No. 4 - Avg. width lost to erosion
Avg. height of bank
Length of shoreline eroding
Length of shoreline accreting
Total length of shoreline
Reach No. 5
- Avg. width lost to erosion
Avg. height of bank
Length of shoreline eroding
Length of shoreline accreting
Total length of shoreline
Reach No. 6 - Avg. width lost to erosion
Avg. height of bank
Length of shoreline eroding
Length of shoreline accreting
Total length of shoreline
Reach No. 7 - Avg. width lost to erosion
Avg. height of bank
Length of shoreline eroding
Length of shoreline accreting
Total length of shoreline
74.8
feet
14.3
feet
6.8
miles
0
miles
6.8
miles
159.2
feet
8.4
feet
7.5
miles
0
miles
7.5
miles
0 feet
0 feet
0 miles
0 miles
.5 miles
237.1
feet
4.8
feet
7.1
miles
0
miles
7.1
miles
52.0
feet
4.0
feet
4.4
miles
0
miles
4.4
miles
95.4
feet
2.9
feet
2.3
miles
0
miles
2.3
miles
76.3
feet
3.8
feet
2.8
miles
0
miles
2.8
miles
I-62

ti hW p.f./
F
A
• li
® Ida, 8
Yyy
C ! ! Y P O C O .f !
MLLYVILLE •'ue/ h'"I
... a.r
•.vu •,.® Ki1E Y� hW
10)
1 $On j••� ;ii1« •uy 11�h�
1y: 1fN
• •11N ALLIANCE
irW 1 ' Ll • � � d'
ff C`N lO B✓NN lO ~•li• �� 1;/. L 1s .rw w.
•' O C O t ! N ')'�
I� 110 • Ii 1iw%.
ms
Oil. hW
I%.
*401
• 0
APAPANN .). .. I7•. �
IF17rC •� mop,-
PAMLICO COLNrY
NORTH CAROLINA
HIGH EROSION RATE AREAS
F
/ EEJ1f
\ � � BEACN ~ / � 1 •Y
The preparation of this map was financed Map 10
in part through a grant provided by the
North Carolina Coastal- Management
Program, through funds provided by the
Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972.
as amended, which is administered by the
Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource
Management, National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration.
I-63

Reach No. 8 - Avg. width lost to erosion 85.5 feet
Avg. height of bank 3.3 feet
Length of shoreline eroding 19.4 miles
Length of shoreline accreting 0 miles
Total length of shoreline 19.5 miles
Reach No. 9 - Avg. width lost to erosion 98.3 feet
Avg. height of bank 2.6 feet
Length of shoreline eroding 3.9 miles
Length of shoreline accreting 0 miles
Total length of shoreline 3.9 miles
Some areas of rapid erosion may be found along stretches of the
Intracoastal Waterway which are caused by boat induced wave
action.
13. Areas of Resource Potential
a) Agricultural and Forest Lands
Agricultural and forest lands have significant resource
potential. Both agriculture and forestry comprise important
elements of the Pamlico County economy. Lands best suited for
agricultural production may be located in the Pamlico County
Soil Conservation Service Detailed Soil Survey. Most soils in
the county may be productive for agricultural purposes if
properly drained. However, 11404" wetlands regulations may
prohibit the draining of many areas. The lands best suited for
agricultural production are also the areas best suited for
development. Prime agricultural lands will continue to be lost
to expanding development, especially subdivision of land for
residential purposes. Many of the county's wetlands are
significant producers of forest resources. Map 8 provides soil
association locations. The agricultural capabilities of
Pamlico County soils are summarized in the following table:
i
1
I-64

ITable 26
Agricultural Farmland
Soil Association and Management Limitation Rate
(Refer to Map 8)
Soil Assoc. Land Capability
No. Soil Association Class
1 Yonges-Altavista-Fork 3w-2w-3w
2 Goldsboro -Lynchburg -Norfolk 2w-2w-2e
3 Stockade-Arapahoe-Wasda 3w-3w-3w
4 Paxville-Rains 3w-3w
5 Argent-Brookman-Wahee 3w-6w-7w
6 Leaf -Craven -Lenoir 4w-3e-3w
7 Belhaven -Dare 4w-7w
8 Croatan-Dare 4w-7w
9 Lafitte-Hobucken 8w-7w
10 Leon -Tomahawk -Rutledge 4w-2w-6w
Land capability classifications indicate relative degrees of
limitation for agricultural usage:
1 - slight limitation, to
8 - severe and restrictive limitations
w - wetness; e - risk of erosion
b) Public Forests
in
There are no -state or federally owned forest lands located
Pamlico County.
c) Public Parks
The only public park is the Pamlico Recreation Area, located in
Alliance. The site was acquired in 1984 with a Land and Water
Conservation Fund matching grant. The site includes one
softball field, one baseball field, a concession stand, rest -
room, picnic shelter, children's playground, nature trail and a
20-station fitness area. There are several public parks owned
and operated by the municipalities. There are no state or
federal parks located within the county.
d) Public Gamelands
The only public gameland in Pamlico County is the 4,195 acre
Goose Creek Wildlife Management Area. This area is situated
along both sides of N.C. 33 northwest of N.C. 304, and is
managed by the North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission.
The area contains extensive 404 wetlands and is a valuable
animal habitat.
e) Private Wildlife Sanctuaries
While there are numerous private hunting clubs in Pamlico
County, there are no significant private wildlife sanctuaries.
I-65

f) Valuable Mineral Resources
Within the sedimentary rock underlying Pamlico County,
phosphate pellets are found in varying amounts. The highest
concentrations are found in areas where the rock composition is
75 percent sand or greater. Moderate concentrations are found
where the rocks are 50 to 75 percent sand.
All lands within the county which have phosphate mining poten-
tial are owned by Texas Gulf Sulfur, Inc. These areas are
delineated on Map 11.
Pamlico County also contains extensive rich peat deposits. The
peat deposits are concentrated in the county's major pocosin
areas including the Light Ground, Bay City, and Northwest
pocosins. The Light Ground area appears to contain the most
suitable concentration for mining. The peat areas are
delineated on Map 12.
g) Marine Resources
Pamlico County contains many valuable marine resource areas.
The most significant are the primary and secondary nursery
areas. These areas, as defined by the North Carolina Division
of Marine Fisheries, are delineated on Map 2, Areas of
Environmental Concern and Other Fragile Areas. Most of the
nursery areas are concentrated in the bay, creek and sound
areas adjacent to the coastal wetlands of Pamlico County's
eastern and southeastern shoreline along Pamlico Sound and the
Neuse River.
The North Carolina Division of Environmental Management assigns
water quality classifications to all waters of the State of
North Carolina. The schedule of classifications for Pamlico
County is provided by 15 NCAC 2B.0302 to .0317. The
classifications are based upon the existing or contemplated
best usage of the various streams and segments of streams
within a basin, as determined through studies, evaluations, and
comments received at public hearings. The state classifies
tidal salt waters as follows:
Class SA: shellfishing for market purposes and any other usage
specified by the "SB" and "SC" classification;
Class SB: primary recreation and any other usage specified by
the "SC" classification;
Class SC: fish and wildlife propagation, secondary recreation,
and other uses requiring waters of lower quality.
I-66

The preparalion of this map was financed
In port through a grant provided by -the
North Carolina Coastal Management -
Program,through funds provided by the
'Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972.
as amended, which is administered by the
Oc
Office of ean and Coastal Resource
Management, National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration.
H
1
a,
V
Map 11
PAMLICO COUNTY
POTENTIAL
DEPOSITS OF PHOSPHATE
Q
Moderate concentration
150 to 75 percent send)
High concentration
(Greater then 75 percent sand)
LEGEND
�_� •MI. NwMb
•MI. N.N
SOURCE; 1987 PAMLICO COUNTY LAND
USE PLAN, AS AMENDED 1989

The preparation of this map,
ap was financed
In part through a grant provided by -the
North Carolina Coastal Management
Program, through funds provided by the
'Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972,
as amended, which is administered by the
Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource
Management, National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration,
H
1
rn
00
Map 12
PAMLICO
.wN. N•Ny
M• ,
� NK•
SOURCE: 1987 PAMLICO COUNTY LAND
USE PLAN, AS AMENDED 1989
COUNTY
PEAT RESOURCES
W " W M M M M M W M W= M i IWI " W M r

I
[I
I
1
a
I
Most of the waters within Pamlico County's planning jurisdic-
tion are classified SA. Map 13 provides a general delineation
of the water classifications. The classification locations
cannot be accurately mapped in this Land Use Plan. Therefore,
the written descriptions must be relied upon for specific
locations.
There are substantial concentrations of Ruppia Maritima
(Widgeon grass) scattered throughout Pamlico County. The
locations must be determined through in -field analysis and
verification. This type of vegetation tends to remain
stationary. The grass is a significant marine resource and
should be protected. There do not appear to be any major
concentrations of eel grass in Pamlico County.
I-69

The preparation of this map Was financed
in part through a grant provided by the
North Carolina Coastal Management _ Program, through funds provided b the o r
9 9 P Y �. SA
Coastal Zone Management Act 'of 1972, . re^N 2C� 10 SA 11 \
as amended, which is administered by the
Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource .. ••' S 2 5 5
Management, National Oceanic and •.g °SA 4 3 2
Atmospheric Administration, t 5
(; ti SA 13 v
'r" uaa
y 4 SA o
'• v„r max R,EFx ,sua 5
0 N p w►.uen
i
SA 5
3 �Q.
tow
i � _ _ � � ,rra, ��• 2
6 A Y C / 7 Y P O C U S' / N _ , ,�, • �5 5 10
t Ma.,YVILLE •� , 0. ,•
17
SA
nog: Q., .:.3 1 SA '2 13 2
�•~ aom ia,e. ,ay 9 2 "it 3 , t3 9 2 `y y
...... f... 2 1
c, r,n ,u. •. ,�b , MYfpO rr �,,aoa•4 a, yPg 2m?
1 O Sc to un; 2 2 yQ
>STONFNLLL 2 ,a. 14 P
10 ..
,aea •�»
♦ �••,� •„q ALL It NCF
,'ett, 12 13 Q
l� ••6 • 4
2 13
6 A O a N 0)•,m• 1.• 8 7
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a P 0 ,' U s / N �a. 3
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q4 j u,a ,aao 6j
u • S ,a,a , 2 11
u,o
'an 2 3
5 4 2 1
tee• t��; ,r, 'a!° 3
SA, SB, SC- WATER CLASSIFICATIONS
<
s� 3 Sc 3
�oa
\ 11 14
2 1,6,12- WATER DEPTHS
\\ 5 3 2 ORIENTAL 5P9
. p �,am /
ow
ti �`� 12 PAMLICO COUNTY
NORTH CAROLINA
� � 6 .• Tao, o gP � / ;i
� MAP 13
a � � .< 2 • e P � \ �;
HI++Esott
BEACH 3 w,a,»e, 14 �i, ACAtl
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I-70

G. CURRENT PLANS, STUDIES AND REGULATIONS
Pamlico County maintains an active planning program. The county
Planning Commission meets regularly (usually at least once per
month) and a full-time staff planning position is funded with
local county revenues. Building inspections and enforcement of
the county's subdivision regulations is the responsibility of the
Pamlico County Building Inspections Department. The following
provides a summary of all Pamlico County plans and ordinances
which relate to land use planning.
1. Plans
a) 1987 Pamlico County Land Use Plan
I
The 1987 Pamlico County Land Use Plan was certified by the
North Carolina Coastal Resources Commission on June 5, 1987.
Pamlico undertook a major revision of the plan in 1989, and it
was recertified by the Coastal Resources Commission on January
26, 1990. The revision was undertaken because the county
believed that the 1987 plan's policies failed to adequately
address several issues. Those issues included, but were not
limited to, marina construction, estuarine shoreline develop-
ment/protection, the land classification system and map, and
the overall clarity and intent of some of the plan's policy
statements. The revised plan responds to the 15A NCAC 7B land
use planning guidelines and serves as the county's comprehen-
sive planning document.
b) Large Scale Residential Development Study and Policy
Recommendations for Pamlico County
In 1984, the Pamlico County Board of Commissioners employed a
consultant to review the county's plans and policies to assess
the measures available to the county to control large scale
residential development. In addition, the report reviews the
potential impact of large scale residential development on the
county's natural environment and ability to provide govern-
mental services. Finally, the report recommended specific
policies intended to control large scale residential develop-
ment.
c) An Appraisal of Potential for Outdoor Recreational
Development in Pamlico County
In 1974, the U. S. Soil Conservation Service undertook the
preparation of this report. The document assesses the poten-
tial for the various types of recreation which may occur in
Pamlico County. The document provides an overall assessment
of the county and does not evaluate individual sites for
recreational development. While the primary focus is on
assessing potential, the appendices to the report provide a
good summary of recreational opportunities existing in 1974.
I-71

2.
d) Pamlico County Master Plan for Parks and Recreation
In 1980, the Pamlico County Recreation Commission supervised
the preparation of the plan which specified immediate, inter-
mediate and long-range recreational facilities needs. The
report identified existing facilities and forecast county
recreational needs.
e) Pamlico County Estuarine/Shoreline Access Plan
In 1988, with the assistance of a CAMA grant, Pamlico County
undertook the preparation of an estuarine/shoreline access
plan. The plan focuses on estuarine, creek and river access
needs. Existing access sites were identified and described.
Long -range -access needs were identified. Specific access
sites and improvements were recommended for a five to ten-year
planning period. Specific budgets for the improvements were
provided.
f) Feasibility Study for Wastewater Facilities for Pamlico
County
In 1990, Pamlico County completed a county -wide waste treat-
ment and sewage disposal plan. The plan recommended a septic
tank effluent pump collection system with spray irrigation
treatment system. Phased implementation of the system was
recommended.
Regulations, Ordinances and Policies
a) Pamlico County Subdivision Regulations
The Pamlico County Subdivision Regulations were adopted in
1973 and substantially revised in 1991. The ordinance sets
standards for the subdivision of land within Pamlico County,
consistent with North Carolina General Statutes. Subdivision
plats are reviewed by the Pamlico County Building Inspections
Department. The plats are presented to the Pamlico County
Planning Board for preliminary and final approval.
b) Pamlico County Zoning Ordinance
In July, 1970, the Pamlico County Zoning Ordinance was
adopted. The ordinance was intended to only be enforced in
certain sections of the county. However, following adoption,
the county decided not to enforce the ordinance. The zoning
ordinance has not been repealed.
c) Pamlico County Water Supply System Extension Policy
The county has a water supply extension policy which requires
that a developer may either pay for an extension of the county
system to the development, or may provide water by a private
I-72

devel-
system. Pamlico County does not require residential
opers to make use of the county system. Residents of a sub-
division may, at a later date, request extension of the county
system to service a subdivision. This policy was being evalu-
ated in 1991 to consider compulsory connection of subdivisions
to the county water system.
d) Pamlico County Wastewater Treatment and Disposal Policy
The Pamlico County Health Department enforces state septic
tank regulations. There are no locally adopted regulations.
e) Pamlico County Environmental Impact Statement Ordinance
In 1983, Pamlico County adopted an ordinance requiring an
environmental impact statement for major development projects.
The ordinance was adopted in response to a concern over the
clearance of large land areas associated with peat or phos-
phate mining. The ordinance requires that an environmental
impact statement be prepared for the following major develop-
ment projects: industrial and commercial projects, material
or mineral extraction projects, and any project which would
have a substantial impact on the hydrology of the county.
Projects of less than two contiguous acres are excluded unless
the project will eventually contain more than two contiguous
acres.
f) North Carolina State Building, Electrical, Plumbing and
Mechanical Codes
The Pamlico County Building Inspections Department enforces
all state building codes to ensure compliance with minimum
construction standards.
g) National Flood Insurance Program
Pamlico County participates in the National Flood Insurance
Program. The program is administered locally by the Pamlico
County Building Inspections Department.
Permit Program
h) CAMA Minor
Pamlico County issues permits for all developments which meet
the CAMA regulatory definition of a minor permit. The Pamlico
County Building Inspector serves as the CAMA minor permit
officer.
i) North Carolina Sedimentation Pollution Control Act
Pamlico County does not enforce the 1983 Sedimentation
Pollution Control Act. However, the county cooperates with
the state to ensure that new developments meet the standards
of the act. The act is designed to control siltation and
surface storm water runoff.
1 I-73

j) Pamlico County
Mobile Home
Park Ordinance
Pamlico County
adopted a mobile
home park ordinance on
June 22, 1987.
The ordinance
sets standards for and regulates
the development
of mobile home
parks which are defined as
including three
or more mobile
homes. Enforcement is provided
by the Pamlico
County Building
Inspections Department.
k) National Fire Prevention Regulations
The Pamlico County Fire Marshal enforces these federal
regulations which are designed to increase the safety of
public buildings and privately operated establishments.
1) 11404" Wetlands Regulations
Pamlico County does not have any regulatory authority for
enforcement of the 11404" wetlands program. Regulation is
provided by the Regulatory Branch of the U. S. Army Corps of
Engineers through the Washington, North Carolina, office.
Anyone who undertakes work in a wetlands area is required to
obtain a permit.
3. Consistency of Local Policies and Ordinances
with Land Use Plan
With the exception of the Pamlico County zoning ordinance, the
county's plans and policies were consistent with the 1987 Pamlico
County Land Use Plan, as certified by the Coastal Resources
Commission. The consistency of the zoning ordinance cannot be
judged because the county is not enforcing the zoning ordinance.
While adopted, the zoning ordinance has had absolutely no
regulatory authority.
In 1990, the land use plan was substantially revised. That
revision created inconsistencies between the land use plan
estuarine shoreline policies and the county's subdivision
ordinance. The 1990 amendment created an estuarine shoreline
policy which established a 75 foot shoreline conservation zone.
This conservation zone was not recognized in the subdivision
ordinance. In 1990-1991, the county undertook complete rewrite of
the subdivision ordinance, which was adopted effective February 2,
1992. That rewrite incorporated the estuarine shoreline conser-
vation zone. The estuarine shoreline policy exceeded 15A NCAC 7H
use standards.
The 1989 update also incorporated specific marina policies
which exceeded the 15A NCAC 7H use standards. These policies are
not reflected in any local ordinances.
I-74 1

Plan Update
4. Implementation/Effectiveness of the 1987 Land Use
The policies contained in the 1987 Pamlico County Land Use
Plan were not, in many cases, directly linked to the 15A NCAC 7H
use standards. Some confusion occurred as a result of the inter-
pretation by CAMA permit personnel of the intent of policy state-
ments. In particular, questions arose over the permitting of
marina and the 1989 amendment to establish an estuarine shoreline
75 foot conservation zone.
The county did effectively implement policies in the following
areas: housing, recreation and open space, and public facilities
and services. During the planning period, the county emphasized
improving its water system and establishing a county -wide sewer
system. An estuarine shoreline access plan was prepared which
supported the 1987 plan's recreation and open space policies.
Implementation of the access plan began in 1990 with a successful
application by the county for state shoreline access funds.
The mining policies were implemented through enforcement of
the Pamlico County Environmental Impact Statement Ordinance.
Enforcement of the ordinance is expected to continue.
I
1 I-75

SECTION II
PROJECTED LAND DEVELOPMENT ANALYSIS

A. PROJECTED POPULATION GROWTH AND RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
1. General Discussion
In this section, recent trends in Pamlico County's population
and housing characteristics will be utilized to project population
growth and housing characteristics in the county throughout the
five-year (to year 1995) and ten-year (to year 2000) planning
periods. The continuing tide of year-round and seasonal migration
into Pamlico County is expected to have progressively greater
impact on land use issues throughout the next ten years.
As development continues near fragile areas, resource protec-
tion will assume greater significance in the public eye. Contin-
ued development in areas within Pamlico County's planning juris-
diction will strain the capacity of the existing transportation
system; increase demand for municipal or county -supplied water and
wastewater and solid waste disposal; and place increasing demands
on schools, recreational facilities, law enforcement agencies,
fire departments, and administrative/regulatory agencies. Despite
increased pressure to control residential development, the basic
demand for housing by incoming population -- in particular,
affordable housing for the year-round population -- will be an
important need to be addressed by local planning agencies in the
coming decade. An informed analysis of where and how fast devel-
opment will occur is crucial to the development of land use
policies for Pamlico County's next ten-year planning period.
2. Year-round Population Projections
Based on Coastal Area Management Act planning guidelines,
population projections prepared by the N.C. State Data Center,
Office of State Budget and Management, are the appropriate data to
be utilized in projecting year-round population for Pamlico County
from 1990-2000. The table below outlines 1990 and projected 1995
and 2000 year-round population for Pamlico County based on State
Data Center data. Municipal projections are based on the assump-
tion that the relative growth rates by specific area will remain
the same from 1990-2000 as estimated for 1980-1990.
I
u

Table 27: Total Year -Round Population Growth and Percent Change
By Municipality and Unincorporated Areas
Pamlico County, 1990-2000
Population
1990 1995 2000
Percent Change
1990- 1995- Overall
1995 2000 1990-2000
Alliance
583
575
567
- 1.4
- 1.4
- 2.7
Arapahoe
430
421
412
- 2.1
- 2.1
- 4.2
Bayboro
733
727
721
- 0.8
- 0.8
- 1.6
Hollyville
102
103
104
1.0
1.0
2.0
Mesic
310
291
272
- 6.1
- 6.5
-12.3
Minnesott Beach
266
289
313
8.6
8.3
17.7
Oriental
786
846
908
7.6
7.3
15.5
Stonewall
279
260
240
- 6.8
- 7.7
-14.0
Vandemere
299
290
281
- 3.0
- 3.1
- 6.0
Total Municipalities
3,788
3,802
3,818
0.4
0.4
0.8
Total Unincorporated Areas
7,584
7,804
8,031
2.9
2.9
5.9
Pamlico County
11,372
11,606
11,849
2.1
2.1
4.2
Source: North Carolina State Data Center, Office of State
Budget and
Management;
Holland Consulting
Planners,
Inc.
Based on Table 27, the average annual population growth rate
for the entire county, municipalities, and unincorporated areas
should decrease over the next ten years compared to the 1980s.
This trend is outlined in Table 28, below:
Area
Table 28: Average Annual Year-round Population Growth Rate
and Percent Change - Pamlico County, 1980-2000
Average Annual Year-round
Population Growth Rate
1980-1990 1990-2000
Percent Change
in Growth Rate
1980-90 to 1990-2000
Municipalities 1.4% 0.8% -42.9%
Unincorporated Areas 13.8% 5.9% -57.2%
Total County 9.4% 4.2% -55.3%
Source: Holland Consulting Planners, Inc.
Continuing the documented trend of residential development in
the 180s, population growth in the unincorporated areas of Pamlico
County should be appreciably higher than in the incorporated com-
munities over the next decade. While the waterfront communities
of Oriental and Minnesott Beach are expected to grow at a modest
pace during the 190s, most incorporated communities are expected
to experience only minor fluctuations in population over the next
ten years. Successful attempts by municipalities to annex
adjacent residential areas will obviously have an impact on this
projected growth pattern.
1
n
I �
LJ

The following two tables are based on population projections
by the North Carolina Office of State Budget and Management.
Table 29: Total Population by Age and Percent Change
Pamlico County, 1990-2000
Age Population by Age Group Percent Change
1990 2000 1990 - 2000
0-4 681
617
- 9.4%
5-18 2,235
2,087
- 6.6%
19-34 21519
21227
-11.6%
35-44 11646
1,794
9.0%
45-54 1,209
1,737
43.7%
55-64 1,282
1,279
- 0.2%
65-74 1,060
75 and up 740
1,180
928
11.3%
25.4%
Total 11,372
11,849
4.2%
Source: State Data Center, North
Carolina Office
of State Budget
and Management
It is expected that the most rapidly
growing age
groups from
1990-2000 in Pamlico County will be
the groups aged
45-54 and 75
and up. The growth of the 45-54 age
group will be
strongly influ-
enced by the aging of the 35-44 age
during the 1980s. The over-70 age
group, which grew
group will continue
so rapidly
to experi-
ence significant growth both as a
result of in -migration
and the
steady decrease in the death rate
for elderly individuals.
Over-
all, Pamlico County's population will experience a
significant
increase in median age during the
1990s. In 1990,
only 37% of the
county's population was age 45 or
above. By the year
2000, 41% of
the county's population is expected
to be aged 45
or above.
Table 30: Population and Percent
Increase by
Race and Sex
Pamlico County, 1990
- 2000
Total Population
Percent Change
Category 1990
2000
1990 - 2000
Total White 8,042
8,645
7.5%
Males 3,883
4,159
7.1%
Females 4,159
4,486
7.9%
Total Non -White 3,330
31204
-3.8%
Males 1,537
Females 1,793
1,457
1,747
-5.2%
-2.6%
Total Males 5,420
5,616
3.6%
Total Females 5,952
6,233
4.7%
Total County 11,372
11,849
4.2%
Source: State Data Center, North
Carolina Office
of State Budget
and Management

As was the case from 1970-90, the white population will con-
tinue to grow faster than the non -white population from 1990-2000,
and thus assume a gradually larger share of the total county
population. In fact, the non -white population in Pamlico County
is expected to decrease from 1990 2000. In 1990, the non -whites
composed 29% of the county's population. By the year 2000, the
percentage of non -whites is expected to decrease to 27%. The
female population is expected to grow slightly faster than the
male population in Pamlico County from 1990-2000. In the year
2000, females will still outnumber males in Pamlico County.
3. Seasonal Population
Table 31 shows projections of peak seasonal population for
Pamlico County from 1990-2000. The table is based on Table 9 in
Section I.B., and assumes that the average annual growth rate of
the seasonal population from 1990-2000 will be the same as the
1980-90 rate. It is possible that in some areas -- the waterfront
communities in particular -- growth rates will slow in the 1990s
as building density regulations and wastewater disposal problems
limit development. During the five-year planning period, these
types of restrictions to development in waterfront areas may have
the effect of increasing estimated growth rates in more rural
inland areas of the county.
Table 31:
Relationship of Seasonal Permanent
Population
Pamlico County, 1990-2000
% of Peak % of
Year
Permanent
Population
Total Peak Seasonal Total Peak
Population Population Population
Total Peak
Population[1]
Recreation
Ratio[2]
1990
11,372
63.6% 6,516 36.4%
17,888
1.57
2000
11,849
53.3% 10,360 46.7%
22,209
1.87
Percentage
Increase
1990-2000
4.2%
- 59.0% -
24.1%
19.1%
Source: Holland Consulting Planners, Inc.
[1] "Total
Peak Population" is the sum of permanent population and peak
seasonal population.
[2] "Recreation Ratio" is the ratio of peak population to permanent population.
F
C�

P
4. Projected Housing Characteristics
Since the population analysis above indicated that Pamlico
County's seasonal population is expected to grow much faster than
the year-round population from 1990-2000, the development rate for
seasonal private housing units is expected to be much higher than
the development rate for year-round units over the same period.
Table 32, below, was prepared using the ECU Seasonal Housing Study
cited previously, as well as population projections provided by
the North Carolina State Data Center. For year-round housing
units, it was assumed that the vacancy rate will be the same in
2000 and 1990, and that average year-round household size will
decrease slightly from 2.63 persons in 1990 to 2.5 persons in
2000. For seasonal housing units, it was assumed that the ratio
of population occupying private seasonal housing units to total
population in seasonal units (including motels, marinas, camp-
grounds) will be the same in 2000 as was indicated in the 1987 ECU
study (77.3%). Also, the household size for private seasonal
units was assumed to be the same in 1990 and 2000 (3.3 persons per
seasonal household).
Table 32: Number and Percentage Increase of Year-round
and Seasonal Private Housing Units
Pamlico County, 1990-2000
Type of Unit
Number of
Units
1990
1995
2000
Year-round Unit
4,756
5,001
6,208
Seasonal Unit
1,527
2,027
2,427
Total
6,283
7,028
7,636
Percentage Increase
1990-2000
9.5%
58.9%
21.5%
The table above indicates that the growth rate for seasonal
housing will continue to be higher than the growth rate for
year-round housing throughout the 1990s. More importantly, the
number of new seasonal units constructed annually will begin
to surpass the number of permanent units constructed annually
during the late 1990s. Of the total 1,350+ new housing units
expected to be constructed through the year 2000, 67% are antici-
pated to be seasonal units.
The geographic impact of this private housing development is
expected to parallel the pattern of population growth discussed in
the previous sections. The most rapid residential development
will be centered in unincorporated areas in waterfront areas near
Oriental and Broad Creek and the Bay River. The documented trend
of rapid growth in multi -family housing from 1970-1990 is expected
to continue. Most of the multi -unit construction is expected to
take place in areas within the county's planning jurisdiction due
to unit density restrictions in many incorporated areas of the
county, and a corresponding lack of such restrictions in Pamlico
County's jurisdiction. However, the majority of new year-round
residential units county -wide will continue to be single-family
detached units. In particular, many year-round and seasonal units
II-5

El
constructed in areas under county planning jurisdiction will be
higher -priced, single family homes on relatively large building
lots. In many predominantly rural areas, mobile home development
will be an important planning issue throughout the next decade.
The overall trend of continued rapid residential development in
Pamlico County will require increased efforts by county and state
regulatory and planning agencies, as well as cooperation between
the county and municipalities, to ensure that environmental
quality is maintained.
El
P_
I I

B. PROJECTED ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT TRENDS AND RELATED
LAND USE ISSUES
1. General Economic Projections
The table below provides an outline of the anticipated growth
of the various industries in Pamlico County from 1988-2000 in
terms of personal earnings and employment.
Table 33: Relative Growth of Income -Producing Industries and
Trades - Pamlico County, 1988-2000
% Change
Industry 1988 2000 1988-2000
Personal Earnings Ell
(Thousands of $)
Total
52,540
199,640
280.0%
Farm Earnings
6,153
23,500
282.0%
Non -Farm Earnings
46,387
176,140
280.0%
Private Earnings
36,021
140,110
289.0%
Agric. Serv.,
Forestry, Fishing
5,700
7,700
35.1%
Mining
(L)
0
0%
Construction
4,371
13,850
216.9%
Manufacturing
6,406
35,270
451.0%
Trans., Comm.,
Public Utilities
2,394
8,840
269.2%
Wholesale Trade
31674
24,780
514.5%
Retail Trade
5,563
22,880
311.3%
Finance, Insurance,
Real Estate
757
2,370
213.1%
Services
7,125
24,420
243.0%
Government Earnings
10,366
38,650
273.0%
Federal Civilian
620
2,860
361.3%
Federal Military
State and Local
638
9,108
2,890
32,900
353.0%
261.2%
i
Ell Personal earnings are
by place of work
and exclude dividends,
■
interest and rent; transfer payments;
and social
security
contributions. They
include proprietors'
net income and
wages.
'
(L) Less than $50, 000

% Change
Industry
1988
2000 1988-2000
Employment
Total
3,212
3,399 5.8%
Farm Employment
226
350 54.9%
Non -Farm Employment
2,986
3,049 2.1%
Private Employment
2,355
2,555 8.5%
Agric. Serv.,
Forestry, Fishing
221
294 33.0%
Mining
0
0 0%
Construction
189
185 -2.1%
Manufacturing
526
649 23.4%
Trans., Comm . ,
Public Utilities
113
75 -33.6%
Wholesale Trade
Retail Trade
344
487
454 32.0%
479 1.6%
Finance, Insurance,
Real Estate
55
48 -12.7%
Services
420
373 -11.2%
,
Government Employment
631
494 -21.7%
Federal Civilian
29
25 -13.8%
Federal Military
66
53 -20.0%
State and Local
536
416 -22.4%
,
Sources: 1) State Data Center,
N. C. Office of State Budget and
Management
2) Holland Consulting
Planners,
Inc.
3) Bureau of Economic
Analysis,
Regional Economic
Analysis Division,.U.
S. Department of Commerce
Through the year 2000, employment
in
the agricultural
services/forestry/fishing, wholesale
trade, and manufacturing
trades show high growth rates.
The relative employment growth
'
rates for the retail trade, transportation/communication/public
utilities, services, and construction industries will be less
during the planning period than
the growth rates for those indus-
,
tries from 1970 1988. Employment in the
government sector and
transportation/communication/public utilities, construction,
finance/insurance/real estate,
services,
and construction indus-
tries is expected to actually decline by
the year 2000. However,
■
earnings in each of those industries are
expected to grow signifi-
cantly from 1988-2000.

LJ
F-1
� I
The rank of industry types in Pamlico County in 1988 and 2000
is shown in Table 34, below:
Table 34: Rank of Industry by Employment and Earnings
Pamlico County, 1988 and 2000
Employment Rank Earnings Rank
Industry 1988 2000 1988 2000
(13 total)
Farming
Agricultural Services,
Forestry, Fishing
Mining
Construction
Manufacturing
Transportation, Comm.,
Public Utilities
Wholesale Trade
Retail Trade
Finance, Insurance,
Real Estate
Services
Federal Civilian
Federal Military
State and Local Government
6 6
4 5
7 7
5
9
3 13
13
13
8 8
7
7
2 1
3
1
9 9
5 3
3 2
9 8
8 3
6 6
11
11
10
12
4
5
2
4
12
12
12
11
10
10
11
10
1
4
1
2
Source: Holland Consulting Planners, Inc..
From 1988-2000, manufacturing will become the most important
employment sector in Pamlico County, and will overtake state and
local government employment as the county's earnings leader.
' Wholesale and retail trade will assume more importance in terms of
employment, while state and local government will maintain a
stronghold in terms of both employment and earnings.
Projected economic trends and land use issues for specific__
industries are outlined in the sections below.
2. Tourism and Recreation
The projected growth of seasonal population indicated in the
previous section seems to conflict with the projections of little
growth in the construction and real estate industries through the
planning period. Nevertheless, demand for seasonal housing will
dictate a demand for a continuing planning effort to avoid incom-
patible land use. Preservation of water quality and the county's
areas of environmental concern are mandatory if tourism is to
continue as a viable industry in Pamlico County. To preserve
environmental quality, developers of seasonal housing and tourism -
related businesses will have to cooperate with planning and regu-
latory agencies to avoid uncontrolled and incompatible
development.
II-9

3. Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing
The drop in farm employment experienced during the 170s and
180s will slow considerably during the 1990s, and farm earnings
,
will decrease only slightly. The total amount of harvested crop-
land should fluctuate from year to year through 2000, with no
major decrease in total cropland foreseen. A general trend of
,
consolidation of cropland will result in more efficient farm
production. The opening up of timber cutting in the county could
also benefit several local manufacturing businesses/wholesalers
,
who currently depend on timber products imported from outside the
county.
While full and part-time employment in the fishing industry
will remain steady during the 1990s, the earnings from fishing may
decrease slightly consistent with the slowdown in growth trend of
the late 1980s. The fishing industry will continue to flourish
only if water quality is maintained. Protection of the county's
surface waters is imperative for economic reasons, since the fish-
ing industry is still directly or indirectly responsible for a
large percentage of jobs in the county.
4. Manufacturing I
Manufacturing will become the largest source of employment.
income in the county by 2000. The county's seafood processing and
boat building industries will continue to grow despite projected
,
earnings decreases in the commercial fishing industry. Also, the
building products industry is expected to expand as residential/
commercial development continues.
An important planning priority during the upcoming decade will
be how to manage industrial development to minimize adverse
environmental impacts. While additional manufacturing jobs are
,
needed to maintain low unemployment and high per capita income,
unregulated industrial development poses a significant threat to
air and water quality and the county's recreational appeal.
,
However, it is anticipated that industrial demand for available
land will be relatively minor compared to residential/commercial
demand throughout the planning period. This will help to minimize
potentially adverse environmental impacts and land use incompati-
bility from industrial development.
5. Real Estate and Construction
Earnings and employment in the construction and finance/
insurance/real estate industries are not estimated to grow consid-
erably during the 1990s. Growth of these sectors of the county's
economy is completely dependent on the continuing appeal of
Pamlico County as a recreational area. Therefore, individuals
included in the development industry have as much or more to gain
as any group by participating in the planning process and regula-
tion of development to preserve environmental quality. Real I
estate development and the tourism industry are still directly

responsible for a major part of the county's employment. Efforts
to stop or severely curtail seasonal development in Pamlico County
may be appreciated from a strictly environmental point of view,
but are not realistic in terms of maintaining a healthy local
economy. Cooperation among developers and planning and regulatory
agencies will help to achieve desired goals of preserving environ-
mental quality and ensuring compatible land use while maintaining
stable employment and growth in the construction and retail trade
industries and a sound local banking industry.
' 6. Wholesale and Retail Trade and Services
Throughout the 1990s, wholesale and retail trade will rank
only behind manufacturing employment, and wholesale trade will
take third ranking in earnings in Pamlico County. The service
industry will also continue to play an important role in the
county's economy. Like the real estate and construction
industries, the retail trade and service industries depend largely
on the seasonal population, and preservation of the county's
recreational resources is instrumental to their continued growth.
As the number of retail businesses, professional offices, and
other service outlets increases during the 1990s, an important
land use issue will be the integration of residential and commer-
cial growth. Careful planning will be required to avoid strip
commercialization, traffic congestion, billboard/signage clutter,
and other problems frequently associated with rapid commercial
development.
7. Government Employment
Federal civilian and federal military government employment
and earnings will grow relatively slowly compared to most private
industries' employment during the 1990s. However, total employ-
ment and earnings from state and local government employment will
1
continue to be a major factor influencing the county economy.

C. PUBLIC FACILITIES DEVELOPMENT NEEDS AND LAND USE ISSUES 1
1. Water System
,
There are a number of changes planned over the next few years
to serve the increasing demand placed on the county's water
system. During the current planning year, extensive repairs to
the Minnesott Beach system will have been completed, consisting of
upgrading the iron removal and aeration equipment to ensure
compatibility with the rest of the county's treatment systems.
'
A major proposed upgrade to the water system includes
construction of a new 750,000 gallon elevated storage tank with
associated wells and treatment system in the Kershaw area. Other
improvements include extension as affordable to increase the
efficiency of the distribution system.
Generally, through the year 2000, it is anticipated that the
existing water system will expand to meet the demands of a growing
year-round and seasonal population.
,
2. Wastewater Treatment and Disposal
Restrictive governmental regulations governing septic tanks
and other means of wastewater disposal, along with the large
number of malfunctioning septic tanks in the county, indicate a
clear need for some type of central sewage system. McKim and '
Creed Engineers undertook a Feasibility Study for Wastewater
Facilities for Pamlico County in May, 1990, and recommended a
phased S.T.E.P. (septic tank effluent pump) collection system and
spray irrigation treatment system for the county. Implementation
of the system is suggested in phases such that the areas with the
greatest needs will be served first. These areas are shown on ,
Map 14. The following information summarizes the phasing plan.
Implementation
Areas Served Period ,
Phase 1 Whortonsville; area between 1990-91
Stonewall and Oriental ,
Phase 2 Area between Oriental and 1992
N.C. Highway 306; Minnesott
Beach; Arapahoe
Phase 3 Grantsboro; Olympia; along 1994
N.C. Highway 306 from Grantsboro
to wastewater treatment site
Phase 4 Areas adjacent to N.C. Highway 55 1996
from Grantsboro to Bayboro; along
N.C. Highway 304 from Bayboro to
Goose Creek Island
II-12

The preparation of this map was financed
in part through a grant provided by the
North Carolina Coastal Management
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SEWER SERVICE AREAS
PAMLICO COUNTY
NORTH CAROLINA
MAP 14
.rxs
I I . . •Y
II-13
....
INC#" FM otAFwDlNn

1
Ll
F1
Areas Served
Phase 5. West of N.C. Highway 306 and south
of Grantsboro
Phase 6 North of Grantsboro along N.C.
Highway 306
Since May, 1990, discussions with the .county
1 and 2 needs and financing methods indicated a
parts of the two areas so as to include as many
sible, thereby establishing a substantial revenu
redelineated area includes the.Arapahoe, Minneso
Oriental environs with main transmission lines t
system area along S.R. 1005 and N.C. 306.
3. Storm Drainage
Implementation
Period
..;
2000
concerning Phases
need to combine
customers as pos-
e base. Thus, the
tt Beach and
o the treatment
The issue of managing stormwater runoff will assume more
importance in Pamlico County over the next several years. Contro-
versy centers on how much regulation is required to protect
fragile estuarine waters. Some individuals believe that existing
regulations, which require retention prior to discharge in some
cases, result in the construction of ponds and retention basins
that contribute to groundwater contamination and can be safety
hazards to small children. Others argue that existing regulations
do not do enough to prevent contaminated surface runoff from
reaching estuarine waters. Of particular concern to environ-
mentalists is the runoff or pesticides and fertilizer from
harvested cropland in the county.
As residential and commercial development continues in Pamlico
County, so will the construction of impervious and semi -permeable
surfaces, and the potential for surficial water contamination will
increase. Given that fact, it is recommended that the county
strongly support existing Division of Environmental Management -
water quality section regulations (15 NCAC 2H.1000) during the
planning period. The county should also participate in and
contribute to studies of storm drainage undertaken by public and
private agencies, support United States Department of Agriculture
Best Management Practices for cropland, and work closely with the
Division of Marine Fisheries to protect prime shellfishing areas.
4. Transportation
Road improvements scheduled in the N.C. Department of Trans-
portation's Transportation Improvements Program (1991-97) include
upgrading Highway 55 from U.S. 17 to Highway 304; improving shore
facilities (basing and bulkheading) at Cherry Branch (Highway 306
at Minnesott Beach); and constructing two new "cherry class"
ferries (also Highway 306 at Minnesott Beach).
No major improvements or expansion to the private airport near
Bayboro are proposed for the planning period.
II-14

5. Solid Waste Disposal
Barring any unforeseen major changes in federal or state laws
governing solid waste disposal, Pamlico County will not have to
expand its existing landfill through 1993 (at which time it
becomes a transfer station). However, based on more stringent
requirements for regulating existing landfills and for construc-
tion of new landfills, it would be a positive step for Pamlico
County to continue exploring alternate waste disposal sites,
including efforts to locate a site for a long-term regional solid
waste disposal facility with Carteret and Craven counties, and to
continue discussions with Weyerhauser Corporation to provide space
for an additional landfill.
6. Educational Facilities
As stated in the Development Constraints: Public Facilities
section of this document, as soon as funds are made available, a
new wing at Anderson Elementary School is planned along with
addition of or renovation of gymnasium facilities and addition of
biology/chemistry labs at the high school. It is anticipated that
these changes will be made over the next two years. Throughout
the rest of the planning period, classroom facilities appear to be
adequate to support the existing as well as anticipated school
enrollment. There are improvements proposed, however, for the
county's central office facilities and the school bus garage.
7. Parks and Recreation
The county's 1988 Estuarine/Shoreline Access Plan detailed
projected minimum acreage needs for the year 2000 based upon the
March, 1985, A Beach Access Handbook for Local Governments recom-
mended access needs.
Table 35: Projected Minimum Acreage Needs
for the Year 2000
Access Type
Boat Access Areas
Estuarine Waterfront Park
Visual Enhancement Areas
Acreage/
Population
1/2 ac.
1 ac.
1/2 ac.
2000
Population
13,096
13,096
13,096
1
1
Acreage
Recommended
6.5 ac.
13.09 ac.
6.5 ac.
Source: Estuarine/Shoreline Access Plan, Pamlico County,
June, 1988.
According to the 1980 Master Plan for Parks and Recreation,
Pamlico County, NC, the suggested long range (5 to 15 years) goals
included a joint county -state park; acquisition of land for neigh-
borhood parks; expansion of tennis courts, baseball and softball
fields and basketball courts; and establishment of nature trails,
tot lot playgrounds and horseshoe areas.
II-15

1
Ll
11
1
Pamlico County should take local actions to ensure that the
minimum beach access/acreage needs recognized by the state will be
met, and should continue to search for funds and property to meet
rising demands placed on shoreline access and other recreational
needs.
D. REDEVELOPMENT ISSUES
Pamlico County's most pressing redevelopment issue will be the
preservation of standard housing for low -to -moderate income
families and individuals. There are no significant commercial
areas requiring clearance or redevelopment. In 1980, slightly
more than 50% of the county's housing stock was 20 years old or
older. Thus, by 1990, approximately 2,000 dwelling units would
have aged to 30 years old or older. The county has not had a
minimum housing code enforcement program to require acceptable
structural and weatherization standards. While overall housing
conditions have improved during the 170s and 180s, substantial
problems still exist. Pamlico County will undertake the following
in support of residential redevelopment:
-- Support applications for North Carolina Community
Development housing rehabilitation funds.
-- Support applications for North Carolina Housing Finance
Agency home improvement funds.
-- Investigate the development and enforcement of a minimum
housing code.
- A second area of concern will be redevelopment of areas
following a hurricane or other natural disaster. The specifics of
such redevelopment are dealt with in the storm hazard mitigation
and post -disaster reconstruction plan. However, Pamlico County
will support the reconstruction of any properties destroyed by
natural disaster, consistent with applicable Pamlico County
ordinances.
II-16

SECTION III
LAND CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM
IJ I

The CAMA regulations require the establishment of a specific
land classification system to support the local government's
'
policy statements. This system should reflect developing land use
patterns within a community. The CAMA 15A NCAC 7B regulations
state:
"The land classification system provides a framework
to be used by local governments to identify the future
use of all lands. The designation of land classes
'
allows the local government to illustrate their policy
statements as to where and to what density they want
growth to occur, and where they want to conserve
natural and cultural resources by guiding growth."
The 15A NCAC 7H requirements provide for the following land
'
classifications: developed, urban transition, limited transition,
community, rural, rural with services, and conservation. In
applying these classifications, Pamlico County should carefully
consider where and when various types of development should be
encouraged. Additionally, the areas of environmental concern
requiring protection should be identified and mapped. Each
applicable land classification must be represented on a land
classification map.
The following land classifications will apply in Pamlico
'
County's jurisdiction:
DEVELOPED: Areas included in the developed land classification
are currently urban in character, with no or minimal undeveloped
'
land remaining. The areas classified as developed include the
incorporated areas of Alliance, Arapahoe and Stonewall. These
municipalities do not have their own land use plans and are under
'
the jurisdiction of the Pamlico County Land Use Plan. Municipal
services, with the exception of sewer service, are in place.
Complete services including sewer are expected to be provided
within the next five to ten years. Land uses include residential
at mixed densities, commercial, office and institutional, public
and semi-public, and industrial. Land uses occur at high or
moderate densities. Residential densities are allowed in excess
'
of an average of three dwelling units per acre.
COMMUNITY: The community classification includes areas presently
developed at low densities that are suitable for private septic
tank use. These areas are clustered residential and/or commercial
land uses which provide both low intensity shopping and housing
opportunities. Limited municipal services such as fire protection
and community water may be provided in these areas. Central sewer
systems may be provided to correct existing or projected health
problems.

LIMITED TRANSITION: The limited transition classification pro-
vides for development in areas that will have municipal services
provided to relatively low density development. Services may
include water and sewer systems, police and fire protection,
street lights, and limited storm drainage systems. Development
will be predominately residential with average densities of three
units or less per acre. Clustering or development associated with
planned unit developments may be appropriate in this classifica-
tion. This classification is necessary to accommodate growth and
development occurring in a narrow corridor along N.C. 304 from
Bayboro east to the Mesic corporate limits.
RURAL WITH SERVICES: The rural with services classification will
provide for very low density land uses, including residential,
where limited water services are provided in order to avert an
existing or projected health problem. Central sewer service may
be provided. Development should be low intensity in order to
maintain a rural character. Areas in this classification are
appropriate for very low intensity residential areas. Private
wells and septic tanks may exist, but most development will be
supported by a closed water system. When lots are classified
rural with services and they are also waterfront properties,
minimum lot size shall be one acre or larger with a minimum of
seventy-five (75) linear feet of water frontage, provided that the
average water frontage of all lots within a subdivision shall be a
minimum of one hundred (100) linear feet or more. Rural with
services non -waterfront lots shall be 1/2 acre or larger in size.
Subdivision and platted lots used for single-family residential
purposes in existence prior to the adoption of this plan are
exempt from the rural with services density requirement.
CONSERVATION I: This is a permanent conservation zone located
within seventy-five (75) feet of the natural mean high water level
for all shorelines bordering primary nursery areas, estuarine
waters and public trust waters. This classification shall not
apply to man-made ditches, canals and basins. All construction
activities will be prohibited in this zone, except for shoreline
stabilization activities and structures allowed under CAMA
permitting requirements; limited to marinas, piers and other
structures providing water access, clearing of vegetation, boat
ramps, paving for access which complies with the estuarine
shoreline use standards as specified in 15A NCAC 7H.0209. Also
excepted are farming activities following best management prac-
tices as defined in Appendix II, and forestry activities following
best management practices as defined in the Forestry Best Manage-
ment Practices Manual, 1989, North Carolina Division of Forest
Resources. This policy shall apply to land subdivided persuant to
the Subdivision Ordinance after January 26, 1990, regardless of
use.
is
� ]
1
L�
i
1
III-2

1
CONSERVATION II: The purpose of the Conservation II class is to
provide for the effective long-term management and protection of
significant, limited, or irreplaceable areas. Management of these
areas is needed because they have natural, cultural, recreational,
scenic, or natural productive values which are of local, state, or
national concern. The conservation class in Pamlico County is
'
applied to all 404 wetlands which are subject to federal regu-
lation, pososins, the Stonewall hardwood flats, the Merritt
hardwood flats and the Federal Paper hardwood flats. Very limited
development shall occur in these areas. Only development which
does not alter the unique characters of these areas will be
allowed, and only when consistent with federal, state, and local
regulations. Density shall not exceed one dwelling unit per two
acres.
CONSERVATION III: The purpose of the Conservation III class is to
'
provide for the effective management and protection of the
county's coastal wetlands. The Conservation III classification is
applied to all of Pamlico County's coastal wetlands as defined by
'
15A NCAC 7H. Only development which is consistent with the uses
allowed by 15A NCAC 7H will be allowed.
' CONSERVATION IV: The purpose of the Conservation IV category is
to provide long-term protection for Pamlico County's estuarine and
public trust waters. The estuarine and public trust waters are
defined by 15A NCAC 7H. Only uses allowed by 15A NCAC 7H will be,
permitted.
The land classifications are shown on the Land Classification Map,
Map 15.
1
1

NOTES:
1) ALL AREAS LYING 0-75' LANDWARD OF THE
MEAN HIGH WATER LEVEL OF ESTUARINE
WATERS ARE CLASSIFIED AS CONSERVATION
I LANDS. BECAUSE OF MAP SCALE, THESE
AREAS CANNOT BE ACCURATELY MAPPED.
PRECISE LOCATIONS MUST BE DETERMINED
IN THE FIELD.
2) ALL 404 WETLAND AREAS ARE CLASSIFIED
AS CONSERVATION II. HOWEVER, BECAUSE
OF MAP SCALE, LOCATIONS CANNOT BE
DELINEATED. PRECISE LOCATIONS MUST BE
DETERMINED THROUGH ON -SITE ANALYSIS
AND VERIFICATION. FEDERAL 404
PERMITTING AND REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS
SHALL APPLY. 404 WETLANDS INCLUDE THE
POCOSIN AREAS INDICATED ON THIS MAP.
3) CONSERVATION III AREAS INDICATED ON
THE MAP THAT ARE SUBJECT TO CAMA
PERMIT JURISDICTION ARE INTENDED TO
INCLUDE COASTAL WETLAND AREAS. THE
COASTAL WETLAND AREAS ARE DEFINED BY
15A NCAC 7H.0205 AS ANY SALT MARSH OR
OTHER MARSH SUBJECT TO REGULAR OR
OCCASIONAL FLOODING BY TIDES, -
INCLUDING WIND TIDES (WHETHER OR NOT
THE TIDE WATERS REACH THE MARSHLAND
AREAS THROUGH NATURAL OR ARTIFICIAL
WATER COURSES), PROVIDED THIS SHALL
NOT INCLUDE HURRICANE OR TROPICAL
STORM TIDES. PRECISE LOCATIONS OF ALL
CONSERVATION III AREAS MUST BE
DETERMINED IN THE FIELD.
4) THE BOUNDARY FOR THE COMMUNITY
CLASSIFIED AREA OF GRANTSBORO IS
DEFINED BY A RADIUS OF 1/2 MILE (2,640
FT.) DRAWN AROUND THE INTERSECTION OF
N. C. 306 AND N. C. 55. THE BOUNDARY
FOR THE COMMUNITY CLASSIFIED AREA OF
REELSBORO IS DEFINED BY LINES LYING
1/2 MILE (2,640 FT.) NORTH AND SOUTH
OF AND PARALLELING THE N. C. 55
CENTERLINE AND EXTENDING FROM THE
INTERSECTION OF N. C. 55 AND
S. R. 1005 TO DRUM CREEK.
5) THE PAMLICO COUNTY LAND USE PLAN AND
LAND CLASSIFICATION MAP DO NOT HAVE
ANY JURISDICTION WITHIN THE INCOR-
PORATED AREAS OF MESIC, MINNESOTT
BEACH, VANDEMERE, ORIENTAL AND BAYBORO
WHICH HAVE THEIR OWN LAND USE PLANS.
THIS MAP DOES HAVE JURISDICTION
WITHIN THE INCORPORATED AREAS OF
ARAPAHOE, STONEWALL AND ALLIANCE.
6) ALL WATERS OF PAMLICO COUNTY ARE
CLASSIFIED AS ESTUARINE WATERS AS
DESCRIBED BY 15A NCAC 7H.0206, OR
PUBLIC TRUST AREAS AS DESCRIBED BY
15A NCAC 7H.0207. ALL DEVELOPMENT
SHALL BE CONSISTENT WITH THE USE
STANDARDS CONTAINED IN 15A NCAC
7H.0206 AND.0207. THESE AREAS ARE
INCLUDED IN THE CONSERVATION IV
CLASSIFICATION.
1
1
1
1
1

The preparation of this map was financed
in part through a grant provided by the
North Carolina Coastal Management `
Program, through funds provided by the 1� '
Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, t
NOTES as amended, which Is administered by the ( - M1 o
Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource
Management, National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration. n „�
- _
AMt
G LAND
0
0
h�
C
"Po,,..
� .�.� LEGEND
... r.c. `�"•aa ° CONSERVATION I ESTUARINE SHORELINES (See Note t)
1Y�7fvC'y� a 'tpq ��
9P�
CONSERVATION II (See Note 2)
404 WETLANDS
i _,o •n \,� CDRUM
REEK - , k POCOSINS
1 v, �k A Q CONSERVATION III COASTAL WETLANDS (See Note 3)
CONSERVATION IV WATER AREAS (See Note 6)
r �`,:>` f'-? s a m-�,;,, • [ ^"- RURAL WITH SERVICES
a
P o;, ,c"' �- +-1 < -• ":: LIMITED TRANSITION
r ny + COMMUNITY
DEVELOPED
PAVED ROADS
UNPAVED ROADS .......
` �'� �° ' LAND CLASSIFICATION MAP
P ' PAMLICO COUNTY
NORTH CAROLIr4A
A ' REVISED: AUGUST 1989
MESIC CORPORATE LIMIT IS F w
APPROXIMATE LOCATION
ry tl 11.. P
��` �•••• E t •` III-4
MAP 15

SECTION IV
POLICY STATEMENTS

1
1
1
I
1
1
A. INTRODUCTION TO POLICY STATEMENTS
This section provides policies designed to address growth manage-
ment and protect Pamlico County's assets. The policy statements
address the objectives of Pamlico County and respond to the policy
statement requirements of the Coastal Resources Commission as
defined by 15A NCAC 7B.
The policy statements are extremely important and have a day-to-
day impact on businesses and individual citizens within the
county. The statements have an impact in three aread:
-- CAMA minor and major permitting as required by N.C.G.S.
113A-118 prior to undertaking any development in any area of
environmental concern.
-- Establishment of local planning policy.
-- Review of proposed projects requiring state or federal assis-
tance or approval to determine consistency with local
policies.
For the issuance of CAMA permits within areas of environmental
concern, the state defines minimum acceptable use standards which
are defined by 15A NCAC 7H. A local unit of government must adopt
policies which are, at a minimum, equal to and consistent with the
state's minimum use standards. A local unit of government may
adopt policies which are more stringent than the minimum use
standards. For example, the state standards allow marinas to be
located within primary nursery areas if certain conditions are
met. A local government may adopt a policy stating that marinas
will not be permitted within primary nursery areas. If this were
to occur, a CAMA permit for marina construction in a primary
nursery area would not be issued. IT IS CRUCIAL THAT A LOCAL
GOVERNMENT UNDERSTAND THE IMPACT OF ITS POLICIES WITHIN AREAS OF
ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERN.
The second area of land use plan application is that of estab-
lishing policies to guide Pamlico County's local planning. This
may apply both within areas of environmental concern where CAMA
regulations apply and in non-CAMA regulated areas of the county.
Under North Carolina legislation, land use plans are not regu-
latory controls. Non-CAMA-related recommendations must be imple-
mented with local land use ordinances such as subdivision ordi-
nances. If a land use plan recommends minimum standards for the
construction of roads within subdivisions, then those standards
must be established and enforced through a local subdivision
ordinance.
IV-1

The final area of application is that of "Consistency Review".
Proposals and applications for state and federal assistance or
requests for agency approval of projects are normally reviewed
against a jurisdiction's land use plan to determine if the project
is consistent with local policies. Inconsistencies of a project
with local policies could serve as grounds for denial or revision of
a project. For example, an individual or agency may request state
or federal funding to construct a 30-unit low -to -moderate income
housing project. If the proposed location of the project is within
an area in which the land use plan states that the residential
density should not exceed two dwelling units per acre, the project
may be judged to be inconsistent with Pamlico County's plan.
The Coastal Resources Commission requires all governments to specify
stated development policies under each one of five broad topics.
These topics include:
-- Resource Protection
-- Resource Production and Management
-- Economic and Community Development
-- Continuing Public Participation
-- Storm Hazard Mitigation, Post -Disaster Recovery, and
Evacuation Plans
Based on the analysis of existing conditions and trends, suggestions
from the county's citizens, and substantial input and guidance from
the Pamlico County Planning Board and Board of.Commissioners, the
policies in the following section have been formulated to provide -a
guide for regulating growth, development, and resource management
throughout the ten-year planning period.
1
1
1
I
IV-2 I

11
STATEMENTS
B.
RESOURCE PROTECTION POLICY
Physical Limitations
Soils:
1.
The county discourages es development in areas where soils are
particularly unsuited for septic tank use and no approved or
suitable wastewater treatment exists.
2.
Pamlico County supports all standards and regulations of the
North Carolina Sedimentation Erosion Control Act.
3.
Pamlico County supports the utilization of land application
of effluents as approved by cognizant state authorities.
4.
Pamlico County supports the construction of a central sewer
system in all areas classified as community, limited transi-
tion,and rural with services.
5.
Until such time as a central public sewerage system is avail-
able, and in areas where service from this system would not
extend, the county supports the use of innovative and
alternative sewage systems.
6.
The county will take all actions possible to ensure that
existing collection and treatment systems operate within
their permitted effluent discharge levels.
r7.
Pamlico County will support the actions of the Pamlico County
Sanitarian to accomplish correction of septic tank failures.
8.
Pamlico County will continue implementation of a county -wide
water system.
9.
The county will finance, within budgetary constraints, future
sewer and water improvements and other public services and
facilities according to the benefit standard. This standard
suggests that those individuals who most benefit from such
services and facilities ought to bear the greatest proportion
of the costs.
10.
Pamlico County will enforce, through the development and
building permit process, all current regulations of the
N.C. State Building Code and North Carolina Division of
Health Services relating to building construction and septic
tank installation/replacement in areas with soils
restrictions.
11.
Pamlico County will require coordination of development
activity_with appropriate county and state regulatory
personnel, and in particular, with the Pamlico County
Building Inspector and Sanitarian.
IV-3

11
12. Pamlico County wcooperate erate with the U.S. Army Corps of
P
Engineers in the regulation/enforcement of the 404 wetlands
permit process.
13. Pamlico County requests that the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
consistently and properly enforce the 404 wetlands
regulations.
Flood Hazard Areas: I
1. The county supports the objectives of the National Flood
Insurance Program. Future development located in coastal
floodplains will be subject to the elevation and floodproof-
ing requirements specified under the regular phase of the
National Flood Insurance Program.
2.
The county will make efforts to inform residents and prospec-
tive landowners of the nature and extent of the coastal flood
hazard by publicizing the hazardous areas and encouraging the
schools, civic clubs and others to spend some of their time
becoming aware of the hurricane hazard.
3.
Pamlico County is concerned with development occurring in
high hazard erosion areas. However, the environmental impli-
cations of extensive shoreline stabilization in high hazard
erosion areas is not certain. The county will consider
undertaking a detailed study to define high hazard erosion
areas and to develop appropriate control/stabilization
standards.
4.
The future location of public facilities and structures will
take into consideration the existence and magnitude of
natural hazards. Public facilities will not be constructed
in hazard areas unless no other option is available (i.e.,
utilities). When location in hazard areas is unavoidable,
all facilities, utilities, and structures will be designed
and located to comply with requirements of the National Flood
Insurance Program and the county's Flood Damage Prevention
Ordinance.
5.
The county will maintain a post- hurricane recovery and recon-
struction task force, as recommended in the CAMA storm hazard
planning provisions. This team would provide oversight and
direction during the reconstruction phase and would assist in
the identification of mitigation opportunities.
6. The county will maintain a post -hurricane damage assessment ,
team, recommended under the new CAMA provisions. This team
will facilitate the acquisition of federal and state disaster
assistance funds, will facilitate decisions concerning
rebuilding and reconstruction, and will also assist the
reconstruction task force in identifying mitigation opportu-
nities that may be present following a hurricane or coastal
flood.
IV-4 I

7. Pamlico County, because of a lack of densely populated areas,
does not foresee the need to prohibit any or all development
for any specified period of time. Residents shall be allowed
to proceed with redevelopment and reconstruction as soon as
practical and in accord with the various levels of state and
federal disaster relief provided to them.
8. Septic tanks and drainfields which are substantially damaged
must be repaired or replaced in accordance with the rules and
regulations in effect at the time the repairs or replacement
takes place.
1
9. Pamlico County is supportive of CAMA permitting requirements
for shoreline stabilization structures in estuarine shoreline
area.
a) Pamlico County has an established county -wide building
inspection program, including the services of a building
inspector to enforce provisions of the N. C. State Build-.
ing Code for new construction. These provisions include ;
design requirements for wind resistance and mobile home _
tiedowns for newly placed mobile homes.
b) Pamlico County has also adopted and enforces through its
building inspection program a Flood Damage Prevention
Ordinance for the Regular Phase of the National Flood
Insurance Program. This ordinance, which requires basic
floodproofing for all new construction located within the
flood hazard areas, including all first floor flood
elevations being at or above the base flood elevations
plus one-half foot elevation, will continue to be enforced
as part of the county's building inspection program. The
base flood elevation, as shown on the flood insurance
maps, is the elevation of the 100-year flood.
c) The county will continue to support enforcement of state m
r
a4d federal programs which aid in mitigation of hurricane.
hazards, including CAMA and the U. S. Army Corps of
Engineers 404 permit process.
10. The county will periodically evaluate the capacity of its
existing road and transportation system to evacuate residents
in the event of a hurricane or severe coastal storm. It
should identify any trouble areas and take appropriate
actions to correct these problems. The county must make
particular efforts to ensure that residents in the Goose
Creek Island area are able to evacuate in a timely manner.
An evacuation plan has been completed. A copy is available
at the Pamlico County Emergency Management Coordinator's
office.
I IV-5

11. The county will periodically evaluate the adequacy of exist-
ing designated hurricane shelters. This evaluation must
consider both the structural adequacy of the buildings and
their location relative to hurricane hazards. An inventory
and map locating all designated hurricane shelters will be
maintained by the county.
12. The county will periodically conduct simulated hurricane
evacuation and emergency management drills to familiarize
county officials and residents with emergency procedures.
Groundwater/Protection of Potable Water Supplies:
1. Pamlico County supports the regulation of land uses near
groundwater sources through regulation by the North Carolina
Division of Environmental Management, NCAC Subchapter 2L and
Subchapter 2C.
2. Pamlico County will coordinate local development activities
involving chemical storage or underground storage tank
installation/abandonment with Pamlico County Emergency
Management personnel and the Groundwater Section of the North
Carolina Division of Environmental Management.
3. The county will plan for an adequate long-range water
supply. In the planning process, Pamlico County will
cooperate with adjacent counties to protect water resources.
Public and private water conservation efforts will be'
encouraged.
Man-made Hazards:
1. The county recognizes the
national security and also
recognizes the importance
agricultural activities to
Pamlico County in the long
policy of the county that
county be consistent with
maximum extent feasible.
importance of the military to the
to the local economy but also
of residential, recreational and
the overall quality of life in
term and, therefore, it is the
military activity in and around the
the policies of this plan to the
2. Pamlico County recognizes that it
to regulate the area or elevation o
However, the county opposes any low
flights that are not in compliance
altitudes for aircraft operation as
Aviation Regulations, part 91.
does not have any authority
f military flights.
level military training
with the minimum safe
described in the Federal
3. With the exception of bulk fuel storage tanks used for retail
and wholesale sales, and individual heating fuel storage
tanks, Pamlico County opposes the bulk storage of man-made
materials identified by the U. S. Environmental Protection
Agency as hazardous in areas classified as community or
limited transition. Storage of hazardous materials (not
toxic waste) in low density areas classified as rural or
rural with services will'be allowed.
IV-6
1
1
F7
I

4.
Pamlico County is opposed to the establishment of dump sites
within the county for any wastes defined by the U. S.
Environmental Protection Agency as hazardous.
Stormwater Runoff.
1.
Pamlico County recognizes the value of water quality mainte-
nance to the protection of fragile areas and to the provision
of clean water for recreational purposes. The county will
support existing state regulations relating to stormwater
runoff resulting from development (Stormwater Disposal Policy
15 NCAC 2H.001-.1003).
2.
Pamlico County supports control of agricultural runoff
through implementation of U.S. Soil Conservation Service
"Best Management Practices" program, and/or North Carolina
State "Best Management Practices."
3.
Pamlico County supports control of forestry runoff through
implementation of "Forestry Best Management Practices" as
provided by the North Carolina Division of Forest Resources.
4.
The county will ensure that future development near shoreline
stringently adheres to state sedimentation control regula-
tions and that all appropriate actions are taken to minimize
non -point pollution from agricultural, forest and other
resource -oriented activities.
5.
The county recognizes the economic importance of fishing and
will manage future growth and development to minimize damage
to commercial fishing resources: Among other policies, the
county will seek to restrict the extent of damaging erosion
and runoff, and the entrance of other pollutants into sensi-
tive coastal waters. More specifically, the county will seek
to modify agricultural and forestry practices which have
negative environmental consequences through at least the
following areas:
a. The county should consider additional funding for specific
projects and manpower needs in resource conservation that
have a strongly demonstrated need and a high probability
of success.
b. The county should develop a closer working relationship
with the Bay River Soil and Water Conservation District,
and should encourage and assist the District in expanding
its scope and funding support in becoming a more aggres-
sive advocate of resource conservation.
c. The county should initiate formation of an ad hoc county
water management task force to bring together the dis-
parate local interests in water management and to begin
work towards a comprehensive water management plan for the
county.
r
IV-7

Cultural/Historic Resources:
1. Pamlico County shall coordinate all housing code enforcement/
redevelopment projects with the N.C. Division of Archives and
History, to ensure that any significant architectural details
or buildings are identified and preserved.
2. Pamlico County will coordinate all county public works
projects with the N.C. Division of Archives and History, to
ensure the identification and preservation of significant
archaeological sites.
3. Pamlico County supports the state clearinghouse review
process and will implement comments received for the preser-
vation of historically -significant properties which may be
affected by state and federally funded projects.
Industrial Impacts on Fragile Areas:
Except as may be expressly allowed elsewhere in this plan, no
industrial development of any type shall be located in lands
classified as coastal wetlands (Conservation III), or as shown on
Map 2, Areas of Environmental Concern and Other Fragile Areas, as
the Minnesott sandridge areas, northwest pocosin, Stonewall
hardwood flats, Merritt hardwood flats, or Federal Paper hardwood
flats (Conservation II).
Package Treatment Plant Use: is
Pamlico County wishes to reduce the number of point source
pollution discharges and have sewage treatment systems within the'
county centralized. However, the county will not oppose the
construction of state -approved package treatment plants in areas
not provided with central sewer service. This policy shall not
prohibit the discharge of properly treated waste into 404 or
coastal wetlands.
If any package plants are approved by the state, Pamlico County
supports requirement of a specific contingency plan specifying how
ongoing private operation and maintenance of the plant will be
provided, and detailing provisions for assumption of the plant
into a public system should the private operation fail. Opera-
tional plans should also address elimination of package treatment
plants when the system owner elects to connect to a central sewer
system.
Marina and Floating Home Development:
Pamlico County considers marinas to be any publicly or privately
owned docks constructed to accommodate more than ten boats, and
otherwise defined by 15A NCAC 7H.0208(b)(5). Docks and piers may
accommodate ten or less boats and are otherwise defined by
15A NCAC 7H.0208(b)(6). Pamlico County will enforce the following
policies to govern floating homes and marina development and will
become effective for newly permitted or expanded docking
facilities upon Coastal Resources Commission approval:
IV-8

1. The waters of Pamlico County are an important asset to the
citizens of Pamlico County and to the recreational boaters of
North Carolina. To assure access to our waters, we actively
support marina development in the county. The county will
assist reasonable private developers in locating sites and
complying with necessary permits for marina development.
Marinas are an important part of water based activity in the
county if they are located and managed carefully. The
county, therefore, endorses all state policy that applies to
location and management of marinas. It shall require each
commercial marina in the county to make pump out facilities
available, except as provided for below, and to use best
practices to avoid spillage of fuels, wastes and other
pollutants.
Pamlico County supports the location of open water and upland
marinas in estuarine shoreline areas (Conservation I),
estuarine waters/public trust areas (Conservation IV) which
meet the requirements of 15A NCAC 7H, and comply with the
following local standards:
-- All marinas having more than ten (10) slips shall provide
permanent restroom and pump out facilities for the
disposal of waste generated on waterborne vessels with the
exception of those marinas providing facilities solely for
residential.development.
The requirements for pump out facilities may be waived by
the Planning Board if it is proven, to their satisfaction,
that pump out facilities cannot be made available. Waiver
of permanent restroom facilities shall not be granted.
-- All marinas having more than ten (10) slips shall provide
pump out facilities within three (3) years of the
availability of appropriately approved methods of waste
disposal with the exception of those marinas providing
facilities solely for residential development (the policy
defined by this sentence will be enforced by local Pamlico
County regulations).
-- All marinas having more than ten (10) slips shall provide
off-street parking at the ratio of one-half space for each
boat slip at open water and uplands marinas and for each
dry storage space, with the exception of those marina
facilities providing docking for residential development.
-- All marinas having more than ten (10) slips shall provide
at least one dry fire hydrant accessible for use by the
volunteer fire departments.
-- All multi -dock facilities with ten (10) or less slips and
more than four (4) slips shall provide either permanent
restroom or pump out facilities, with the exception of
those multi -dock facilities providing docking for
residential developments.
IV-9

2. Pamlico County opposes the location of floating structures in
all marinas, primary nursery areas, public trust and
estuarine waters (Conservation IV). Floating structures are
defined as any structure or vessel used, designed, and occu-
pied as a permanent dwelling unit, business, office, or
source of any occupation or any private or social.club, which
floating structure or vessel is primarily immobile and out of
navigation or which functions substantially as a land
structure while moored or docked on waters within county
jurisdiction. Floating structures shall not be used commer-
cially or inhabited in one place for more than 15 days.
Pamlico County will develop an ordinance designed to enforce
this policy.
3. Pamlico County will allow construction of .dry stack storage
facilities for boats associated either with or independent of
marinas. All applicable subdivision regulations must be
satisfied. Water access to dry stack storage facilities
should not disturb active shellfishing areas or subaquatic
vegetation.
4. Pamlico County supports state and federal legislation
regulating the discharge of waste from all vessels.
Development of Sound and Estuarine Islands:
Pamlico County opposes the development of sound and estuarine
islands. This policy does not apply to Goose Creek and Jones
Islands.
Bulkhead Construction:
Pamlico County does not oppose bulkhead construction in all areas
of the county as long as they fulfill the use standards set forth
in 15A NCAC 7H, and the North Carolina State Building Code.
Sea Level Rise:
1. Pamlico County will cooperate with local, state, and federal
efforts to inform the public of the anticipated effects of
sea level rise.
2. Pamlico County will monitor sea level rise and consider
establishing setback standards, density controls, buffer
vegetation protection requirements, and building designs
which will facilitate the movement of structures.
Maritime Forests:
There are no maritime forests located in Pamlico County.
Therefore, a policy is not required.
IV-10 I

IC. RESOURCE PRODUCTION AND MANAGEMENT STATEMENTS
Recreation Resources:
1. To the extent possible, the county will seek to implement the
goals and objectives identified in the Master Plan for Parks
and Recreation. More specifically, and consistent with the
plan, it will continue to develop its 88-acre centralized
recreation facility, will seek to coordinate with county
schools for joint utilization of facilities, will continue to
pursue the concept of a joint county -state park, and will
continue to encourage or develop nature trails and neighbor-
hood parks. The county will continue to obtain funds and
resources for recreation from the private sector.
2. The county should encourage future development projects
incorporate and set aside sufficient open space. This could
be accomplished, for example, through clustering require-
ments. As well, such developments should incorporate neigh-
borhood recreational facilities, such as tot lots and play-
grounds, sufficient to serve neighborhood needs. Future
development should also be required to contribute to the
provision of larger, community -wide parks and open spaces.
3. Pamlico County will implement the following shoreline access
policies. Implementation of these policies is discussed in
detail in the 1987 Pamlico County Shoreline Access Plan.
a. Pamlico County recognizes that shoreline access facilities
will not be revenue producing. Development should be
undertaken with the clear understanding that the facili-
ties will be a perpetual expense. The county will not
attempt to collect user fees.
b. The county should seek donations of land, or grant funds,
in order to obtain sites suitable for development as a
beach access or swimming area.
c. Pamlico County may consider having at least two additional
boat access ramps developed. One should be in the Bay
River area and the second along the Intracoastal
Waterway.
d. Pamlico County could pursue obtaining authority to estab-
lish an accommodations tax. This would be a legitimate
source of access funding because tourists will benefit
from the establishment of access areas.
e. Pamlico County should investigate and utilize, when
feasible, all available means of acquiring shoreline
access sites before purchase of a site is considered.
f. Pamlico County will utilize all available funding sources
" to acquire shoreline access sites.

4.
The county recognizes the recreational and other positive
uses of natural areas and will consider policies for their
protection. The county will initiate a study to.consider
options available for preserving these areas and to determine
which natural areas should be afforded the highest priority.
5.
The county will consider incentives which will encourage the
maintenance of privately -owned sensitive areas, including
estuarine islands, in their natural state.
Productive Agricultural and Forest Lands:
1.
The county will direct future growth and intensive develop-
ment away from the most productive agricultural and forest
lands by encouraging future development to locate on land in
existing communities, limited transition areas, or areas
classified a "Rural with Services."
2.
Pamlico County supports sound forest management and the
replanting of forests following harvest. However, the county
does not support imposing additional local restrictions on
forestry management -and practices.
3.
Pamlico County supports sound agricultural production. How-
ever, the county does not support imposing additional local
restrictions on agricultural production and its practices.
Aquaculture•
-
1.
Pamlico County supports the development of aquaculture and
mariculture facilities.
Residential, Commercial and Industrial Development Impacts on
Resources:
1.
Pamlico County will support an active industrial recruitment
program seeking low pollution, light manufacturing industries
and those which do not require large commitments of water
and/or sewer.
2.
Pamlico County supports the development of non-polluting
industries (those not violating state and federal air and
water quality standards), providing such developments are
compatible with the county's fishing, farming, forestry, and
recreation industries. Pamlico County will, to the extent
possible, prohibit hazardous waste disposal sites within the
county. Public funds will not be used to provide services to
unacceptable commercial development.
3.
Pamlico County desires to minimize any adverse impacts on its
traditional economic base from industrial and economic devel-
opment. All industrial prospects will be given a case -by -
case assessment to carefully compare possible economic bene-
fits with possible negative environmental effects. The
Pamlico County Environmental Impact Statement Ordinance will

be utilized to mitigate adverse environmental impacts. (For
an explanation of the Pamlico County Environmental Impact
Ordinance, please refer to page I-72.) Some industries, such
as boat or ship maintenance and repair, may need to be close
to water areas and/or have water access. Boat railways, boat
ramps, and other water access facilities consistent with
15A NCAC 7H use standards will be allowed within the Conser-
vation I classification. Commercial and industrial build-
ings, including commercial buildings normally associated with
marinas, will not be allowed in the Conservation I land
classification.
4.
The county will review the adequacy of its existing indus-
trial and commercial sites, to ensure that they are consis-
tent with the goals and objectives of this plan.
5.
The county recognizes that the aesthetic and recreational
qualifies of the area represent important economic resources,
and will seek to protect these resources in the future. The
county recognizes that vacation and second -home recreational
housing and retirement housing have become an increasingly
important part of the local economy, and will seek to accom-modate
this economic sector to the greatest extent possible.
However, the county will seek to ensure that such future
development does not have negative effects on the natural
environment and does not serve to undermine the other goals
and policies delineated in this plan.
6.
The existing low -density rural communities which are
scattered throughout the county are an established residen-
tial pattern in Pamlico County. This pattern will continue
to be encouraged by the county. However, the county will not
encourage "new" developments in areas classified as conserva-
tion. This will be implemented through policies stated in
the Protection of Natural and Fragile Areas section.
7.
All newly developing subdivisions will have to adhere to the
standards of the Pamlico County subdivision regulations.
8.
Because of the expanding water service in previously unserved
areas, and the increasing potential for additional residen-
tial growth, it may become necessary to develop additional
land development controls such as zoning to ensure orderly
and well -managed growth.
9.
The county believes that dense development (three units per
acre or greater) should only take place in the community and
limited transition classifications where both adequate water
and sewer facilities are provided.
10.
Pamlico County establishes a permanent conservation zone
within seventy-five (75) feet of the natural mean high water
level for all shorelines bordering primary nursery areas and
estuarine waters and public trust waters. This policy shall
not apply to man-made ditches, canals and basins. All
IV-13

construction activities will be prohibited in this zone,
except for shoreline stabilization structures allowed under
CAMA permitting requirements: marinas, piers and other
structures providing water access, clearing of vegetation,
boat ramps, paving for access which complies with the
estuarine shoreline use standards as specified in
15A NCAC 7H.0209. Also excepted are farming activities
following best management practices as defined in Appendix
II, and forestry activities following best management prac-
tices as defined in the Forestry Best Management Practices
Manual, 1989, North Carolina Division of Forest Resources.
This policy shall apply to land approved by the Pamlico
County Board of Commissioners (as indicated in the official
minutes of the Board of Commissioners' meetings) for sub-
division on or after January 26, 1990, regardless of use.
11. Except for the requirements established in Policy 10, which
exceed the 15A NCAC 7H minimum use standards, Pamlico County
will permit those uses which conform to the general use
standards of the North Carolina Administrative Code
(15A NCAC 7H) for development within the 15A NCAC 7H defined
Areas of Environmental Concern identified in this plan as
Conservation areas I, III and IV. The Conservation I classi-
fication includes estuarine shorelines. The Conservation III
classification includes coastal wetlands. The Conservation
IV classification includes estuarine and public trust
.waters.
Marine Resource Areas:
1. Pamlico County supports the use standards for estuarine and
public trust waters as specified in 15A NCAC 7H.0207.
2. Pamlico County reserves the right to review and comment on
individual questions concerning trawling and other commercial
and marine fisheries issues.
3. Pamlico County PP Y supports efforts b N.C. Marine Fisheries to
identify areas suitable for shellfish bottom leases.
Off -Road Vehicles:
Pamlico County does not object to the responsible use of off -road
or all -terrain wheeled vehicles in all areas except coastal
wetlands.
Peat or Phosphate Mining:
1. Pamlico County will fully implement its Environmental Impact
Statement Ordinance to ensure that there are not any adverse
environmental impacts resulting from mining operation. The
construction of impoundments of one acre or less not associ-
ated with mining operations where all excavated material is
stored on site are exempt from the state permitting process.
IV-14 It

Bona fide farm/agricultural practices are exempt from the
mining designation. Emphasis will be placed on the follow-
ing:
a. water quality and quantity, both of surface waters and
ground waters;
b. the natural function of streams, wetlands and estuaries;
c. air quality;
d. wildlife and fish populations;
e. the natural beauty of the county; and
f. farming, fishing, tourism, forestry, and other economic
activities.
Any peat and phosphate mining activity will require an
Environmental Impact Statement.
D. ECONOMIC AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
General
Pamlico County will support growth and development at the average
densities specified in the land classification definitions. These
densities are only a general guide and must be accomplished
through land use control ordinances. Development of urban nature
should be concentrated in the community and limited transition
areas.
Water Supply and Sewer Systems:
1. The county will prepare, and periodically update, a capital
improvements program. This program shall address water and
sewer needs and community facilities planning.
2. Pamlico County will support the construction of water and
sewer lines in community, rural with services and limited
transition classified lands. Provision of central water and
sewer services, public or private, in Conservation II and III
classification areas will be opposed, except water and sewer
lines may be constructed to serve uses allowed by Policy 10
on page IV-13. Individual wells and septic tanks complying
with state regulations will be allowed.
3. The county will consider objection to or support of construc-
tion of public and private sewage treatment systems which
discharge into primary nursery areas and/or SC classified
waters on a case -by -case basis. Pamlico County supports the
utilization of land application of effluents as approved by
cognizant state authorities.
Solid Waste:
1. Pamlico County supports a regional multi -county approach to
solid waste management.
r
IV-15

n
2. Pamlico County favors the siting of recycling centers within
all land classifications except those within the conservation
category.
3. Pamlico County will consider ordinances with severe penalties
for illegal dumping.
Stormwater:
1. Pamlico County will cooperate with the NCDOT, the North
Carolina Division of Environmental Management, and other
state agencies in mitigating the impact of stormwater runoff
on all conservation classified areas. The county will
actively support the Division of Environmental Management
stormwater runoff retention permitting process.
Energy Facility Siting and Development:
1. There are no electric generating plants located in or pro-
posed for Pamlico County. However, the county will review
proposals for development of electric generating plants on a
case -by -case basis, judging the need for the facility by the
county against the sum of all identified possible adverse
impacts.
2. Pamlico County does not oppose offshore exploratory drilling
for oil or gas. In the event that oil or gas is discovered,
Pamlico County will not -oppose drilling operations and
onshore support facilities for which an Environmental Impact
Statement has been prepared with a finding of no significant
impact on the environment. The county supports and requests
full disclosure of development plans, with mitigative
measures that will be undertaken to prevent adverse impacts
on the environment, the infrastructure, and the social
systems of the county. Pamlico County also requests full
disclosure of any adopted plans. Offshore drilling and the
development of onshore support facilities may have severe
costs for the county as well as advantages. The costs should
be borne by the company(ies) which profit(s) from offshore
drilling and onshore support facilities.
Community Facilities:
Pamlico County will annually assess and address its community
facilities needs through the preparation of a capital improvements
program.
Redevelopment of Developed Areas: The most significant redevelop-
ment issues facing Pamlico County through 2000 will be substandard
housing and reconstruction of storm damaged areas. During the
planning period, the county will attempt to correct its worst
substandard housing conditions by:
1. Applying for Community Development Block Grant Community
Revitalization funds;
IV-16

1
2. Coordinating redevelopment efforts with the Pamlico County
Building Inspection Department;
Estuarine Access:
1. Pamlico County supports the state's shoreline access policies
as set forth in NCAC Chapter 15, Subchapter 7M. The county
will conform to CAMA and other state and federal environ-
mental regulations affecting the development of estuarine
access areas. (Refer to the Recreation Resources Policies.)
Types and Locations of Desired Industry:
Industrial development is extremely important to the continued
economic growth and stability of Pamlico County. The county's
heavy reliance on employment in agriculture, forestry and fishing
should be balanced by the development of a stronger base of
industrial/manufacturing employment.
The following industrial development policies will be applied:
1. Pamlico County encourages the development of industrial sites
r
which are accessible to central water services.
2. Industrial development should occur in areas classified as
developed, rural with services, and limited transition.
3. Industries which deal primarily in hazardous products, as
defined by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, should
not be allowed to locate in Pamlico County. The county will
take all possible actions to disallow such industries within
the county.
Commitment to State and Federal Programs:
Pamlico County is generally receptive to state and federal pro -:-
grams, particularly those which provide improvements to the
county. Examples of state and federal programs that are important
to and supported by Pamlico County include: drainage planning and
erosion control activities carried out by the U.S.D.A. Soil
Conservation Service, which is valuable to farmers; dredging and
channel maintenance by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers; federal
and state projects which provide efficient, safe boat access for
sport fishing; state shoreline access funds; and community devel-
opment funding and programs providing funding for water and sewer
projects.
Assistance in Channel Maintenance:
Proper maintenance of channels is very important in Pamlico County
because of the substantial economic impact on commercial fish-
eries, boating, and sport fishing. Pamlico County will provide
assistance to the U.S. Corps of Engineers and state officials by
either helping to obtain or providing spoil sites.
IV-17

P,
Tourism: I
Tourism is important to Pamlico County and will be supported by
the county. The following policies will be implemented to further
the development of tourism:
1. Pamlico County will support North Carolina Department of
Transportation projects to improve access to and within
Pamlico County.
2. Pamlico County will support projects that will increase
public access to shoreline areas.
3. Pamlico County will continue to support the activities of the
North Carolina Division of Travel and Tourism; specifically,
the monitoring of tourism -related industry, efforts to
promote tourism -related commercial activity, and efforts to
enhance and provide shoreline resources.
Transportation:
1.
The county should recommend whatever future road and street
improvements are necessary to ensure that traffic congestion
and dangerous traffic conditions do not exist.
2.
The county acknowledges the importance of its road and
thoroughfare system for encouraging future economic and
industrial development in the county. The county should in
the future identify key street and road inadequacies and work
to eliminate them. A deterrent to future growth in the
county is the limited access to the north and south. To the
extent possible, the county will work to improve such
access.
3.
Future road and street improvements should take into consid-
eration the presence of hurricane and coastal storm hazards.
Future roads in the county should provide for timely evacu-
ation from high hazard areas. These roads should be elevated
to permit safe passage during adverse conditions. Completion
of the current Army Corps of Engineers plan for a 65-foot
high-rise bridge over the Intracoastal Waterway at Hobucken
will improve safe ingress/egress to this otherwise isolated
area.
4.
Because much of the recent development in the county has
occurred along its roads and thoroughfares, the potential
congestion and safety problems presented by this pattern of
development are substantial. The county should work to care-
fully regulate future growth and development along these
transportation routes. Among other things, the county should
seek to limit the proliferation of individual driveways and
accessways, and should encourage creative development proj-
ects which incorporate common access points and well designed
internal traffic flows. The county will discourage the
IV-18 I

ri
proliferation of strip commercial development along its roads
and thoroughfares and will particularly discourage strip
development along N. C. 55 where four laning is proposed.
5.
The county recognizes that a major segment of the population
may have serious transportation problems and supports the
provision of adequate transportation services to these indi-
viduals. The county will seek the cooperation of neighboring
jurisdictions in providing such services.
6.
Future road and street improvements should be designed so as
to minimize their impact on fragile and sensitive areas and
to preserve the aesthetic resources of the county.
7.
The county recognizes the importance of not shifting the
burden of current expenses to future residents, industries or
generations and will, therefore, explore ways of insuring
that new development pays its own way by, among other things,
requiring that new residential development pay for required
infrastructure.
Aesthetic and Visual Resources:
The
policies stated in this section should be further defined and
enforced through specific land regulatory controls such as, but
not
limited to, zoning, subdivision, and sign ordinances.
I.
The county should modify its zoning and other development
controls in order to encourage future project designs which
are sensitive to their visual impact. Future development
should be encouraged or required, through site design and
other public review processes, to minimize their impacts on
the scenic and visual environs.
2.
The county will consider the need to regulate and manage the
location, size and design of signs. The county will prepare
and adopt a county sign ordinance.
3.
The county will consider the imposition of a building height
limitation on future growth. The county will prohibit the
construction of buildings whose scale is not consistent with
the county's rural and small town atmosphere and ability of
local fire and rescue capabilities to provide adequate
protection.
4.
The county will manage the location, intensity and design of
future commercial growth to minimize the visual clutter which
typically results from strip commercial development. The
county will modify its zoning regulations to prevent this
type of commercial development.
5.
The county will encourage or require future development to
incorporate landscaping and vegetation which increases the
visual attractiveness of future development. -The county will
review its existing zoning regulations and site design
criteria with these needs in mind.
IV-19

11
6.
The county will discourage major alterations of the natural
environment, such as the loss of trees, during future land
development. This shall not apply to bona fide farming or
forestry operations, following best management practices (see
Appendix II and the Forestry Best Management Practices
Manual, 1989, North Carolina Division of Forest Resources).
7.
Future development should be managed to maintain the public's
visual access to the water. The ability of residents and
visitors to see the water is an important visual resource
that must be protected.
8.
The county recognizes the importance of wetlands, forest -
lands, and farmlands to the visual integrity of the area and
will seek to minimize the impacts of future growth on these
resources.
9.
Future development should be encouraged to provide visual
buffers which minimize their visual intrusion on the commu-
nity. Visual buffers are particularly important along major
roads and thoroughfares in the county. this shall not apply
to bona fide farming or forestry operations following best
management practices (see Appendix II and the Forestry Best
Management Practices Manual, 1989, North Carolina Division of
Forest Resources.)
10. The county recognizes the importance of protecting the visual
integrity of the county's river and sound shoreline, as seen
by boaters and other water users. Development along the
shoreline will be regulated and designed so as to minimize
its interference with this visual perspective.
11. The county recognizes the importance of architectural,
archaeological and historic resources within the county and
encourages their preservation.
12. The county will encourage all future development, especially
large scale development, to carefully consider the archi-
tectural, aesthetic and archaeological resources of the
development site and the vicinity and to preserve those
resources to the maximum extent feasible. The county also
strongly encourages all developers and builders in the county
to consult with appropriate local, state and federal agencies
and associations in determining the location and value of
these resources.
E. CONTINUING PUBLIC PARTICIPATION POLICIES
As the initial step in the preparation of this document,
Pamlico County prepared and adopted a "Public Participation Plan."
The plan outlined the methodology for citizen involvement (see
Appendix III). Public involvement was to be generated through
public information meetings, advertising in local newspapers, and
development of the plan by the Pamlico County Planning Board.
IV-20

A public information meeting was conducted at the outset of
the project on January 7, 1991, at 7:30 p.m., in the Pamlico
County Courthouse in Bayboro. Also, a description of the land use
plan preparation process and schedule was published in the Pamlico
News. Subsequently, meetings of the Planning Board were held on
January 3, 1991; February 25, 1991; March 25, 1991; April 18,
1991; and May 23, 1991. All meetings were advertised and open to
the public. The Board of Commissioners conducted a public infor-
mation meeting for review and comment on the plan on September 9,
1991. The meeting was advertised in the Pamlico News on
August 21, 1991.
The preliminary plan was submitted to the Coastal Resources
Commission for comment in October, 1991. Following receipt of CRC
comments, the plan was amended, and a formal public hearing on the
final document was conducted on May 18, 1992. The public hearing
was advertised in the Sun Journal on April 17, 1992. The plan was
approved by the Pamlico County Board of Commissioners on July 20,
1992, and submitted to the Coastal Resources Commission for
certification. The plan was certified on July 24, 1992.
Citizen input will continue to be solicited, primarily
through the Planning Board, with advertised and adequately publi-
cized public meetings held to discuss special land use issues and
to keep citizens informed.
r
I
I IV-21

1
F. STORM HAZARD MITIGATION POLICIES
The effect of storm related flooding in Pamlico County is dis-
cussed on pages I-46 through I-50 of the Land Use Plan, and areas
subject to storm surge flooding are shown on Map 7, page I-49.
The most severely affected section of the county during a major
storm would be the eastern one-half of the county where a Category
3 storm would inundate over one-third of the county's total land
area. All developed areas of Pamlico County are subject to wind
damage. In a severe storm, Category 4 and 5, over seventy percent
of the county's developed areas could be subjected to flood
damage.
Hazard mitigation, or actions taken to reduce the probability or
impact of a disaster could involve a number of activities or
policy decisions. The starting point, however, is to identify the
types of hazards (including the relative severity and magnitude of
risks), and the extent of development (including residential,
commercial, etc.) located in storm hazard areas.
Hurricanes are extremely powerful, often unpredictable forces of
nature. The four causes of fatalities and property damage are
high winds, flooding, wave action, and erosion. Two of these,
high winds and flooding, apply to Pamlico County.
Policy Statements: Storm Hazard Mitigation
In order to minimize the damage potentially caused by the effects
of a hurricane or other major storm, Pamlico County proposes the
following policies:
High Winds
Pamlico County supports enforcement of the N.C. State Building
Code. The county will continue to enforce the State Building
Code on wind resistant- construction with design standards of
110 mph wind loads.
Flooding
Pamlico County is an active participant in the National Flood
Insurance program and is supportive of hazard mitigation
elements. The county is participating in the regular phase of
the insurance program. This program is administered locally
by the Pamlico County Building Inspector. When reviewing
development proposals, the county will work to reduce density
in areas susceptible to flooding. In addition, the county
will encourage local, state, and federal acquisition of land
in the most hazardous areas.
IV-22 t

1. Mitigation Policies Related to Redevelopment of Hazard
Areas After a Storm
Reconstruction of damaged properties in Pamlico County
after a storm will be subject to the following:
° The North Carolina Building Code requires any building
damaged in excess of 50 percent of its value to conform
with code requirements for new buildings when repaired.
(This will be particularly beneficial in the event of wind
damage.)
° The Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance requires that all
existing structures must comply with requirements related
to elevation above the 100-year floodplain elevation and
floodproofing if they are substantially improved. A sub-
stantial improvement is defined as "any repair, recon-
struction, or improvement of a building, the cost of which
equals or exceeds 50 percent of the market value of the. -
building either before the improvement or repair is _
started, or before damage occurred if the building has
been damaged."
Evacuation Plans
The county will coordinate evacuation planning with all county
agencies and municipalities. Pamlico County will encourage
motels, condominiums, and multi family developments (five or
more dwelling units) to post evacuation instructions that
identify routes and the locations of available public
shelters. The county will update an evacuation route map
annually. Copies will be kept at the County Administration
Building in Bayboro for free distribution to the public.
Implementation: Storm Hazard Mitigation
r1.
Pamlico County will continue to enforce the standards of
the State Building Code.
2. The county will continue to support enforcement of State
and Federal programs which aid in mitigation of hurricane
hazards, including CAMA, FEMA, as well as local ordinances
such as zoning and flood damage prevention regulations.
3. The county will discourage high density development in
high hazard areas through implementation of the county's
Subdivision Ordinance.
4. Pamlico County supports the public acquisition of high
hazard areas with state and federal funds when voluntary
acquisition can be accomplished. The county discourages
condemnation of land for this purpose.
I IV-23

5. Developed structures which were destroyed or sustained
"major damage" and which did not conform to Pamlico
County's building regulations, zoning ordinances, and
other storm hazard mitigation policies, i.e., basic
measures to reduce damage by high winds, flooding, wave
action or erosion, must be repaired or redeveloped
according to those policies. In some instances, this may
mean relocation of construction, or no reconstruction at
all. Building permits to restore destroyed or "major"
damaged structures which were built in conformance with
the county's building code and county storm hazard
mitigation policies shall be issued automatically. All
structures suffering major damage will be repaired
according to the State Building Code and county Flood
Damage Prevention Ordinance. All structures suffering
minor damage, regardless of location, will be allowed to
be rebuilt to the original condition prior to the storm.
P
IV-24 I

POST -DISASTER RECONSTRUCTION PLAN AND POLICIES
A. Introduction
This post -disaster plan provides a program which will permit
Pamlico County to deal with the aftermaths of a storm in an
organized and efficient manner. The plan provides the mechanisms,
procedures, and policies that will enable the county to learn from
its storm experiences and to rebuild the developed areas in a wise
and practical manner.
The post -disaster reconstruction plan encompasses three distinct
reconstruction periods:
° The emergency period is the reconstruction phase immediately
after a storm. Emphasis will be placed on restoring public
health and safety, assessing the nature and extent of storm
damage, and qualifying for and obtaining whatever federal
and state assistance might be available.
° The restoration period covers the weeks and months following
a storm disaster. Emphasis will be placed on restoring
community facilities, utilities, essential businesses, etc.,
so that the county and its municipalities can once again
function in a normal manner.
° The replacement reconstruction period will be the period
during which the county is rebuilt. This period may last
from months to years depending on the nature and extent of
the damaged incurred.
It is important that county officials clearly understand the joint
federal -state -local procedures for providing assistance to rebuild
after a storm so that county damage assessment and reconstruction
1
efforts are carried out in an efficient manner that will qualify
Pamlico County for the different types of assistance that are
available. The requirements are generally delineated in the
Disaster Relief Act of 1974 (P.L. 93-288) which authorizes a wide
range of financial and direct assistance to both local communities
and individuals. The sequence of procedures to be followed after
a major storm event is as follows:
1. Pamlico County damage assessment teams survey storm damage
within the county.
2. Damage information is compiled and summarized and the
nature and extent of damage is reported to the North
Carolina Division of Environmental Management (DEM).
3. DEM compiles local data and makes recommendations to the
Governor concerning state action.
I IV-25

4. The Governor may request a Presidential declaration of
"emergency" or "major disaster." A Presidential declara-
tion would make a variety of federal resources available
to Pamlico County, its municipalities and individuals.
5. Federal Relief assistance provided to a community after an
"emergency" has been declared typically ends one month
after the initial Presidential declaration. Where a
"major disaster" has been declared, federal assistance for
"emergency" work typically ends six months after the
declaration and federal assistance for "permanent" work
ends after 18 months.
The following summarizes the reconstruction emphasis of current
federal disaster assistance programs:
Executive Order 1198 (Floodplain Management) directs all
federal agencies to avoid either directly or indirectly
supporting future unwise development in floodplains (e.g.,
through sewer grants in locations that foster floodplain
development.)
Section 406 of the Disaster Relief Act can require communi-
ties, as a prerequisite for federal disaster assistance, to
take specific actions to mitigate future flood losses.
Pamlico County maintains a comprehensive listing of the Federal
Disaster Assistance Programs that may be available to the county
following a major storm. The programs identified fall into the
categories of Temporary Housing, Individual Assistance, and Assis-
tance to Local and State Governments.
The remainder of this chapter presents recommended recovery proce-
dures in the general sequence of response by the county. While
damage assessment (Sections B and C) will be the first operations
conducted by the county after a disaster, it should be realized
that the recommended recovery operations (Section D) will begin
simultaneously. The remainder of this chapter is, therefore,
organized as follows:
1. Procedures that Pamlico County should follow to carry out
its damage assessment program to meet all federal and
state requirements including organization of the damage
assessment team and recommended damage assessment
procedures.
2. An overall organizational framework for restoration
operations after the emergency period.
3. Replacement/reconstruction policies that the county should
adopt to insure that future development that does occur in
local hazard areas is constructed in a manner consistent
with sound land use planning, public safety consider-
ations, and existing and evolving federal and state
policy.
IV-2 6

Team
B. Organization of Local Damage Assessment
A local damage assessment team should include individuals who are
qualified to give reliable estimates of the original value of
structures, an estimated value of sustained damages, and a
description of the repairs. Additionally, the logistics involved
in assessing damage in unincorporated sections of the county after
a major storm will necessitate the organization of several damage
assessment teams in Pamlico County. The following are recommended
team members.
Public Property Survey Team
County Department Head(s)
Professional Engineer
Architect *
Sheriff's Deputy (driver)
Business and Industry Survey Team
Tax Assessor
Building Inspector
Industrial/Commercial Real Estate Broker
Chamber of Commerce Representative
Architect *
Sheriff's Deputy (driver)
Private Dwelling Survey Team
Tax Assessor
Building Inspector
Residential Real Estate Broker
Building Contractor *
Sheriff's Deputy (driver)
*Community volunteers, if available.
.The. Emergency Management Coordinator should immediately undertake
a recruitment effort to secure the necessary volunteers and to
establish a training program to familiarize the members of the
damage assessment team with required damage classification proce-
dures and reporting requirements. It is suggested that the county
assume the responsibility for developing and implementing a train-
ing program for both county damage assessment teams and the local
damage assessment teams that the municipalities may establish. In
establishing the county teams, it must be recognized that it might
be very difficult to fill certain positions, such as the building
contractor position, because the services of individuals with such
skills will likely be in great demand after a storm disaster. A
commitment from the Home Builders Association may be a way of
guaranteeing needed assistance. Additionally, the Emergency
Management Coordinator should establish an active "volunteer
IV-27

file;" volunteers should have standing instructions where to auto-
matically report following a storm. Damage assessment forms and
procedures should be prepared now and distributed to volunteers as
part of the training program.
C. Damage Assessment Procedures and Requirements
Damage assessment is defined as rapid means of determining a real-
istic estimate of the amount of damage caused by a natural or
manmade disaster. For a storm disaster, it is expressed in terms
of 1) number of structures damaged; 2) magnitude of damage by
structure type; 3) estimated total dollar loss; and 4) estimated
total dollar loss covered by insurance.
After a major storm event, members of the Damage Assessment Team
should report to the Emergency Operations Center for a briefing
from the Emergency Management Coordinator. Private pilots may
provide assistance during the damage assessment phase. The first
phase of the assessment should consist of only an external visual
survey of damaged structures. A more detailed second phase
assessment can be made after the initial damage reports are
filed.
The initial damage assessment should make an estimate of the
extent of damage incurred by each structure and identify the cause
(wind, flooding, wave action, combination, etc.) of the damage to
each structure. This first phase assessment should be made by
"windshield" survey.
Damaged structures should be classified in accordance with the
suggested state guidelines as follows:
° Destroyed (repairs would cost more than 80 percent of
value) .
° Major (repairs would cost more than 30 percent of the
value) .
° Minor (repairs would cost less than 30 percent of the value,
but the structure is currently uninhabitable).
° Habitable (some minor damage, with repairs less than 15
percent of the value).
It will be necessary to thoroughly document each assessment. In
many cases, mail boxes and other information typically used to
identify specific structures will not be found. Consequently, the
Damage Assessment Team must be provided with tax maps (aerial
photographs with property line overlays), other maps and photo-
graphic equipment in order to record and document its field obser-
vations. Enough information to complete the Damage Assessment
Worksheet must be obtained on each damaged structure.
IV-28

The second phase of the Damage Assessment Operation will be to
estimate the value of the damages sustained. This operation
should be carried out in the Emergency Operations Center under the
direction and supervision of the Emergency Management Coordinator.
A special team consisting of county tax clerks, tax assessment
personnel, and other qualified staff should be organized by the
Emergency Management Coordinator. This team should then be
incorporated into this Damage Assessment Plan.
In order to estimate total damage values, it will be necessary to
have the following information available for use at the Emergency
Operations Center:
° A set of property tax maps (including aerial photographs)
identical to those utilized by the damage assessment field
team.
° County maps delineating areas assigned to each team.
° Copies of all county property tax records. This information
should indicate the estimated value of all commercial ands
residential structures within the county. Because time will
be of the essence, it is recommended that the county immedi-
ately commence a project listing the property values of
existing structures in unincorporated areas of the county on
the appropriate lots of the property tax maps that will be
kept at the Emergency Operations Center. This should be
completed now in advance of a storm. The information will
prove invaluable if a storm disaster does occur. This set
of tax maps should be updated annually prior to the hurri-
cane season.
The flood insurance policy coverage for property owners in flood
hazard areas should be updated before each hurricane season. This
can be accomplished in concert with the local mortgage institu-
tions. Annual updates should be disseminated to each town and --
kept available in the Emergency Operations Center for estimating
the value of sustained damages covered by hazard insurance.
In order to produce the damage value information required, the
following methodology is recommended:
I. The number of businesses and residential structures that
have been damaged within unincorporated areas of the county
should be summarized by damage classification category.
2. The value of each damaged structure should be obtained from
the marked set of tax maps and multiplied by the following
percentages for appropriate damage classification category:
° Destroyed - 100%
° Major Damage - 50%
° Minor Damage (uninhabitable) _ 25%
° Habitable 10%
I IV-29

3. The total value of damages for the unincorporated areas of
the county should then be summarized.
4. The estimated value loss covered by hazard insurance should
then be determined by: 1) estimating full coverage for all
damaged structures for situations where the average value of
such coverage exceeds the amount of damage to the structure;
and 2) multiplying the number of structures where damage
exceeds the average value of insurance coverage by the
average value of such coverage.
5. Damage assessment reports should be obtained from each
incorporated area and the data should then be consolidated
into a single county damage assessment report which should
be forwarded to the appropriate state officials.
6. Damage to public roads and utility systems should be esti-
mated by utilizing current construction costs for facilities
by lineal foot (e.g., 10' water line replacement cost =
X$/L.F.).
The Damage Assessment Plan is intended to be the mechanism for
estimating overall property damage in the event of a civil
disaster. The procedure recommended above represents an approach
for making a relatively quick, realistic "order of magnitude"
damage estimate after a disaster. However, the organization and
data collection must be completed prior to the storm event.
D. Organization of Recovery Operation
Damage assessment operations are oriented to take place during the
emergency period. After the emergency operations to restore
public health and safety and the initial damage assessments are
completed, the state guidelines suggest that a Recovery Task Force
,
to guide restoration and reconstruction activities be created to
guide restoration and reconstruction activities during a
post -emergency phase which could last from weeks to possibly more
than a year. The responsibilities of the Task Force will be:
1. Establishing an overall restoration schedule.
2. Setting restoration priorities, in advance, by definition.
3. Determining requirements for outside assistance and request-
ing such assistance when beyond local capabilities. (Pre -
disaster agreement, procedures, contact persons, should be
defined before the disaster event.)
4. Keeping the appropriate state officials informed using
Situation and Damage Report.
5. Keeping the public informed.
a
IV-30 I

C
6. Assembling and maintaining records of actions taken and
expenditures and obligations incurred. Standardized forms
should be developed in advance and kept on file at the EOC.
7. Proclaiming a local state of emergency„if warranted.
8. Commencing cleanup, debris removal and utility restoration
activities which would include coordination of restoration
activities undertaken by private utility companies.
9. Undertaking repair and restoration of essential public
facilities and services in accordance with priorities
developed through the situation evaluations.
10. Assisting private businesses and individual property owners
in 1) obtaining information on the various types of assis-
tance that might be available from federal and state agen-
cies, 2) in understanding the various assistance programs,
and 3) applying for such assistance. When a major storm
does eventually hit Pamlico County and major damages occur,
consideration should be given to establishing a Community
Assistance Team within the appropriate county department to
carry out the above functions as long as there is a need to
do so.
The following sequence of activities and schedule is submitted as
a guide which should be considered by the Recovery Task Force and
reviewed as necessary after the damage assessment activities are
completed.
Activity Time Frame
1) Complete initial damage Immediately after storm
assessment. passes
2) Complete second phase damage Completed by second week
assessment after the storm
3) Prepare summary of Completed one week after
reconstruction priorities and second phase damage assess -
master reconstruction schedule ment is completed
4) Decision with regard to One week after second phase
imposition of temporary damage assessment is
development moratorium completed
5) Set reconstruction priorities Completed one week after
and prepare master summary of reconstruction
reconstruction schedule needs is completed
6) Begin repairs to critical As soon as possible after
utilities and facilities disaster
I IV-31

Activity
7) Permitting of reconstruction
activities for all structures
receiving minor damage not
included in development
moratorium areas
8) Permitting of reconstruction
activities for all structures
receiving major damage not
included in development
moratorium areas
9) Initiate assessment of existing
mitigation policies
Time Frame
One week after second phase
damage assessment is
completed
Two weeks after second
phase damage assessment is
completed
Two weeks after second
phase damage assessment is
completed
10) Complete re-evaluation of The length of the period
hazard areas and mitigation for conducting
policies in areas subjected to re-evaluations and
development moratorium receiving input from the
state should not exceed two
months
11) Review mitigation policies and Two months after temporary
development standards for areas development moratorium is
subjected to development imposed. (Subject to.
moratorium and lift development change based on
moratorium circumstances encountered)
12) Permit new development Upon suspension of any
temporary development
moratorium
E. Recommended Reconstruction Policies
It is recommended that the Pamlico County Task Force consist of
the following individuals:
° Chairman of the Board of County Commissioners
° Pamlico County Manager
° Emergency Management Coordinator
° Chief County Tax Appraiser
° Pamlico County Building Inspector
IV-32

The following policies have been designed 1) to be considered and
adopted by the Pamlico County Board of Commissioners prior to a
storm; and 2) implemented, as appropriate, after a storm occurs.
Permitting
1.
Building permits to restore structures located outside of
designated AEC areas that were previously built in confor-
mance with local codes, standards, and the provisions of
the North Carolina Building Code shall be issued automatic-
ally.
2.
All structures suffering major damages as defined in the
county's Damage Assessment Plan shall be repaired or
rebuilt to conform with the provisions of the North
Carolina Building Code and the Pamlico County Flood Damage
Prevention Ordinance,
3.
All structures suffering minor damage as defined in the
Pamlico County Damage Assessment Plan shall be permitted to
be rebuilt to their original state before the storm
condition.
4.
For all structures in designated AECs and for all mobile
home locations, a determination shall be made for each AEC
as to whether the provisions of the N.C. Building Code, the
state regulations for Areas of Environmental Concern and
the Pamlico County Flood Prevention Ordinance. For areas
where the construction and use requirements appear ade-
quate, permits shall be issued in accordance with permit-
ting policies 1, 2 and 3. For AECs where the construction
and use requirements do not appear to have been adequate in
mitigating damages, a Temporary Development Moratorium for
all structures located within that specific AEC shall be
imposed.
5.
Permits shall not be issued in areas subject to a Temporary
Displacement Moratorium until such a moratorium is lifted
by the Pamlico County Board of Commissioners.
Utility and Facility Reconstruction
1.
All damaged water and sewer systems (both public and
private) shall be repaired so as to be elevated above the
100-year floodplain or shall be floodproofed, with the
methods employed and the construction being certified by a
registered professional engineer.
2.
All damaged roads used as major evacuation routes in flood
hazard areas shall be repaired so as to be elevated at
least one foot above the 100-year floodplain elevation.
3.
All local roads that have to be completely rebuilt shall be
elevated so as to be above the 100-year floodplain
elevation.
IV-33

Temporary Development Moratorium
Under certain circumstances, interim development moratoriums
can be used in order to give a local government time to assess
damages, to make sound decisions and to learn from its storm
experiences. Such a moratorium must be temporary and it must
be reasonably related to the public health, safety and
welfare.
It is not possible to determine prior to a storm whether a
temporary development moratorium will be needed. Such a
measure should only be used if damage in a particular area is
very serious and if redevelopment of the area in the same
manner as previously existed would submit the residents of the
area to similar public health and safety problems. The
Pamlico County policy regarding the proclamation of temporary
development moratoriums shall be to:
Require the Pamlico County Recovery Task Force to
assess whether a Temporary Development Moratorium is
needed within one week after the damage assessment
process is completed. Such an assessment should
clearly document why such a moratorium is needed,
delineate the specific uses that would be affected by
the moratorium, propose a specific schedule of
activities and actions that will be taken during the
moratorium period, and establish a specific time
period during which the moratorium will be in
effect.
r,
L
1
IV-34 I

SECTION V
RELATIONSHIP OF POLICIES
AND LAND CLASSIFICATIONS
11

The 15A NCAC 7B planning guidelines require that the Pamlico
County Land Use Plan relate the policies section to the land
classification map and provide an indication of the land uses
considered appropriate in each land classification. Pamlico
County does not have county -wide zoning. In addition, the zoning
ordinance is not being enforced in areas where it has been
adopted. Therefore, consistency between the land classification
system and the zoning ordinance is not an issue. The county's
subdivision ordinance was updated in 1991 to ensure consistency
with this land use plan.
A. DEVELOPED CLASS
The developed classification includes the incorporated commu-
nities of Alliance, Arapahoe and Stonewall. The other incorpo-
rated areas within Pamlico*County are under the jurisdiction of
their own land use plans. These will be high growth areas
requiring the full range of urban services. The developed class
will accommodate all normal land uses including: single and
multi -family residential, commercial, public and semi-public,
institutional, transportation, and industrial.
B. LIMITED TRANSITION CLASS
The limited transition classification provides for controlled
development with some urban services. This classification exists
along both sides of N.C. 304 between Bayboro and Vandemere, and
along N.C. 304-between Vandemere and Mesic. In both locations,
the classification extends one-half mile from the centerline of
N.C. 304 on both sides of the highway. This classification will
require the development of some urban services including water and
sewer utilities. The predominant land use will be moderate
density residential development. However, other urban land uses
including the following will be allowed: commercial, public and
semi-public, multi -family residential, service, office, insti-
tutional, and commercial.
C. COMMUNITY CLASS
' Moderate density development, three dwelling units per acre or
less, will be allowed in this classification. Water and sewer
utilities will be provided to eliminate health hazards. Land uses
will be limited to single and multi -family residential usage and
commercial/service uses necessary to support residential develop-
ment. Support uses shall include. general and convenience
stores, public facilities, health care facilities, service facili-
ties, and offices. The community class is not an appropriate
location for industrial development.
D. RURAL WITH SERVICES CLASS
The rural with services classification provides for very low
density land uses, including residential, where limited water
services are provided in order to avert an existing or projected
health problem. Central sewer service may be provided. The areas
V-1

included are those which were served in 1992 by the Pamlico County ,
water system or are expected to be provided service during the
planning period. This category is necessary to support expansion
of the Pamlico County water system.
E. CONSERVATION I
The Conservation I classification includes all areas lying ,
0-75 feet landward of the mean high water level of estuarine
waters. Within this classification, effective January 26, 1990, a
conservation zone is established which exceeds the 15A NCAC 7H use
standards for estuarine shoreline areas. Based on the policies
contained in this plan, uses within the estuarine shoreline
conservation zone are heavily restricted. Only the following uses
will be allowed: shoreline stabilization structures allowed under
CAMA permitting requirements, marinas, piers, structures providing
water access, clearing of vegetation, boat ramps and paving for
access which complies with the estuarine shoreline use standards
as specified in 15A NCAC 7H.0209. This classification is
consistent with the Pamlico County subdivision ordinance, as
revised in 1991.
F. CONSERVATION II
This classification includes all 404 wetlands, pocosins, and
significant hardwood flats areas (see Map 2, page I-33). These
are all considered significant fragile areas which should be
substantially preserved in -an undeveloped state. Density shall
not exceed one dwelling unit per two acres. Redevelopment must be
consistent with all applicable 404 wetland regulations.
G. CONSERVATION III
The Conservation III classification includes all coastal
wetlands as defined by 15A NCAC 7H which are under the
jurisdiction of Pamlico County. All uses which are consistent
with the 15A NCAC 7H use standards will be allowed.
H. CONSERVATION IV
This classification includes all estuarine waters and public ,
trust areas defined by 15A NCAC 7H which are under the
jurisdiction of Pamlico County. All uses which are consistent
with the 15A NCAC 7H use standards will be allowed.
V-2 I

�Fl
r r r m= m m m m w= m= w r== r m

APPENDIX I
PRpPER2'IES HAVING HISTORIC AND/OR
ARCHITECTURAL SIGNIFICANCE
SOME OF THESE STRUCl' MS IMAY HAVE. BEEN TOTALLY OR PARTIALLY DE670LISHED.
. •.G' 24"N /• I
Edward Alcock House
Rufus W. Alcock House
Will Alcock House
Will Alcock House
Alliance Multiple Structures
Alliance Hall
Alliance Methodist Church
Amity Christian Church
Arapahoe Multiple Structures
Arapahoe High School
Arapahoe School
Form
Form
Arapahoe Free Will Baptist Church
Arapahoe Methodist Church
Atlantic Coast Line Railroad Station
Atlantic Coast Line Section House
Taylor Attmore House
Avery House
Babbitt House
Bank of Pamlico
Bank of Pamlico
Bank of Pamlico Arapahoe Bra.
Banks House
Bryan Banks Store
Celia West Banks House
Henry Banks House
'
Stephen Banks House
Richard Barcliff House
Hubert Barnes House
Mane Barnes House
Barnett House
John B. Barrington House
Jim Bateman House
Bates House
Bay Creek Christian Church
(Former) Bay Creek Christian Church Parsonage
Bayboro Multiple Structures Fora
Bayboro School Building
Bayboro Missionary Baptist Church
Bayboro Movie Theatre
Beard's Creek/Kennel's Beach Multiple
Structures Form
Elmo Belangia Grocery and Gas Station
Theodore Belangia Store
Bell House
Bell House
'
Bennett House
Calvin Bennett House
Dudley Bennett House
TOWN
Hobucken
Hobucken
Hobucken
Hobucken
Alliance
Lowland
Alliance
Kennel Beach
Arapahoe
Arapahoe
Arapahoe
Arapahoe
Arapahoe
Vandemere
Vandemere
Stonewall
Stonewall
Bayboro
Bayboro
Oriental
Arapahoe
Grantsboro
Grantsboro
Grantsboro
Arapahoe
Grantsboro
Oriental
Vandemere
Vandemere
Oriental
Reelsboro
Hobucken
Oriental
Mesi c
Mesic
Bayboro
Bayboro
Bayboro
Bayboro
Beard's Creek
Arapahoe
Arapahoe
Kennel Beach
Oriental
Kennel Beach
Gr-antsbar�:
Grantsbc�-o

PROPERTY NAME
TOWN
,
Dudley Bennett Store
Grantsboro
Maggie Bennett House
Fennel Beach
Bethany Christian Church
Arapahoe
Bethany Christian Church Parsonage
Arapahoe
,
Bethel F.W.B. Church
rural
(Altered) Blackwell Point House
Oriental
William Boyd House
Grantsboro
'
Jake Brabble Store
Oriental
Jake Brabble House
Oriental
John Brabble House
Oriental
Brady House'
Pamlico
,
Breakwater and Habor
Oriental
Will Bright House and Store
rural
Brinson House
Beard's Creek:
Brinson House
Reelsboro
Alex Brinson House
Beard's Creek:
Alex Brinson House
Beard's Creek:
Benjamin Brinson House
Beard's Creed;
George G. Brinson House and Store
Reelsboro
Ira Brinson House
Arapahoe
Jackson Brinson House
Kennel Beach
Jackson Brinson House
Kennel Beach
Joe Brinson House
Beard's Creed-
Thaddeus Brinson House
Arapahoe
Wallace Brinson.House
Reelsboro
Willie Brinson House
Grantsboro
Broad Creek Christian Church
Olympia
,
Broadwater House
rural
Lawrence Brooks House
Alliance
Polaski Cahoon House
Mesic
'
Brinson Campen House
Alliance
Dr. Canody House
Stonewall
Macajah Casey House
Reelsboro
Robert E. Casey House
Reelsboro
Cash Corner Multiple Structures Form
rural
Central Hotel
Oriental
Charitable Brotherhood Lodge
Arapahoe
China Grove
Oriental
Dr. Clark House
Amos Cowell House
Lowland
Alliance
John Cowell House
Bayboro
A.B. Curtis House
Pamlico
Ben Curtis House
Oriental
Dr. Daniels House
Oriental*
Maud Daniels House and Store
Bayboro
Norris Daniels, Sr. House
rural
Alton Daw House
Arapahoe
J.P. Daw Barber Shop
Arapahoe
James B. Daw House
Prink Dawson Halls,
Arrp=.hr_•e
0

u
1
11
PROPERTY NAME
TOWN
Dawson's Creek/Janiero Multiple Structures Form rural
John Day House
Dr. Daniel Dees Office
George Dees House
Delamar House
Carl Dixon House
Cornelius Dixon House
George Dixon House
John Dixon House'
John Dixon House
John Dixon House
Major Dixon House
Vincent Dixon House
W.G. Dixon House
Dowdy House
Charlie Dowdy House
Smith Dowty House
Drugstore and Doctor's Office
Harvey Dunn House
John Dunn House
A.B. Dunn Lumber Company
Dussusway House
East Carolina Lumber Company Office Building
Dr. Ellis House
John B. Ensley House .
Captian Romam Ewell House
John Fentress House
Charlie Fisher House
Flea Point School
Florence Multiple Structures Form
Charles Flowers House
Charlie Flowers House
Fate Flowers House
Fore House
Jesse Forman House
Jesse T. Fornes House
Fort Point Channel Beacon
Fulcher House
Gatlin Creek School
Gi11iken House
Ernest Golden House
Goodin House
Calvin & Elsie Goodwin Store
Pelleg Goodwin House
Theodore Goodwin House
Grandpappy Holly
Grantsboro Multiple Structures
Grantsboro Railroad Station
Green's Chapel Church
Ral oh Gregary Store and House
Stonewall
Bayboro
Grantsboro
Oriental
Olympia
Olympia
Alliance
rural
Fennel Beach
Oriental
Arapahoe
Arapahoe
Oriental
Oriental
rural
Grantsboro
Oriental
Olympia
Olympia
Stonewall
Oriental
Reelsboro
Oriental
Arapahoe
Bayboro
rural
Vandemere
rural
rural
Vandemere
rural
Mesic
rL,ra1
Lowlans
Arapahoe
rural
Oriental
rural
Vandemere
Vandemere
rural
Oriental.
Hobucken
Hcbucken
rur?1
Form Grantsboro
Grantsboro
Reel sboro
_Arm1 i
_r

�I
PROPERTY NAME
TOWN
Griffin House
Oriental
Grist Mill
Bayboro
'
-Guarantee Bank and Trust
Bayboro
Guion House
Kennel Beach
J.E. Halter House
Stonewall
George Hamilton House
Pamlico
,
James R. Hardison House
Arapahoe
Lemuel Hardison House
Arapahoe
R.W. and David Hardison House
Arapahoe
,
Robert Hardison House
Arapahoe
Dee Hardy House
Oriental
Harper House
rural
Harris Store
Bayboro
Carrie Harris House
Alliance
Joseph F. Harris House
rural
Stephen F. Harris House
rural
Haten House
Oriental
John Henries House
Mesic
Sam Henries House
Lowland
William Thomas Henry House
Hobucken.
Hill House and Millinery Shop
Oriental
Granie Hines House
Pamlico
Thomas Hobbs House
Olympia
' Hobucken Multiple Structures Form
Hobutken
Hobucken Methodist Church
Hobucken
Joe Hodges.House
Al1iante
Alonzo Holton House
rural
David Holton House
Olympia
Harvey Holton House
Olympia
Harvey Holton House
Olympia
Herbert Holton House
rural
Jeptha Holton House
Olympia
'
Rev. Jesse Holton House
Reelsboro
U.C. Holton House
Vandemere
Wi1f ord Holton House
Olympia
Hooker House
Bayboro
Billy Hooker House
Alliance
Daniel Hooker House
Alliance
John Hooker House
Alliance
Mack Hooker House
Alliance
Mack Hooker Tenant House
Alliance
Wallace Hooker House
Bayboro
William Hooker House
Alliance
Hopkins House
Oriental
Joseph Hopkins House
Hobucken
'
Cora Hough House
Vandemere
House
House
rural
rt.tral.
,
Hdo zse
rural
Horse
, ir- t

PROPERTY NAME
TOWN
House
rural
House
rural
House
Bayborc
House
Beard's Creek
House
House and Barber Shop
Grantsboro
Bayboro_
Houses
Oriental
Hudnell House
Oriental
Walter Hudnell House
Hobucken
J.R. Ingle Gas Station
Arapahoe
Intercoastai Waterway
Hobucken
Amos Ireland House
Hobucken
John A. Ireland Store
Hobucken
Noah Ireland House
Hobucken
Horace Ives House
rural
Jewell House
Reelsboro
Joe Johnson House
Arapahoe
Noah Johnson House
Reelsboro
Effie B.S.L. Jones House
Grantsboro
John Jones House
Mesic
Leon Jones House
Reelsboro
Coley.Jordan House
Pamlico
maggie Keach House
Lowland
Ben Keel House
Grantsboro
Duff Keel House
Alliance
Ernest Keel House
Alliance
Sylvester Keel House
Alliance
W.C. Keel House and Store
rural
Kennel House
Kennel Beach
Kershaw Multiple Structures Form
rural
Kershaw Methodist Episcopal Church
rural
Kershaw Private Schoolhouse'
rural
Ladies Aid Society Meeting House
Arapahoe
Samuel Laughinghouse House
Vandemere
Joe Leary House
Lowland
Lee House
Grantsboro
Carlos Lee Store
Grantsborc
David Lee House
Grantsboroq
Gerald Lee House
Reelsboro
Robert Lee House
Arapahoe
Lee's Landing
Reelsboro
Lewis House
Lowland .
Lawn Lincoln House
Mesic
Walter Lincoln House
Lou -Mac Park
Vandemere
Oriental
Marshall Laughinghouse House
Olympia
Lowland Multiple Structures Form
Lowland
Lowland Church of Christ
Lowland
'
Lowland Pentecostal Holiness Church
Lowland
P i 11 v Howard t__tpton House
t-^Y''• =in'�
I�

r-,
II
L _,
PROPERTY NAME
T041JN
C.W. Lupton House
Vandemere
Jeseph Lupton House
Pamlico
John Lupton House
Hobucken
'
John Alfred Lupton House
Hobucken
Josiah Lupton House
Hobucken
Maribel Multiple Structures Form
rural
'
Maribel School
rural
Annie Mason House
Oriental
Joe Mason House
Oriental
Cabot Mayo House'
Mesic
Eli Mayo House
Mesic-
Ralph Mayo House and Store
Hobucken
L.F. McCabe House
Oriental
McClees House
Pamlico
C.J..McCotter Ice House
Bayboro
J.A. McCotter House
Vandemere
Joe McCotter House
Alliance
John N. McCotter House
Grantsboro
Saint Elmo McCotter House
Bayboro
'
Bob McKinney House
Lowland
Mesic Multiple Structures Form
Mesic School
Mesic
Mesic
,
(Former) Methodist Parsonage
Oriental
Arthur Midyette House
Oriental
G.P. Midyette House
Oriental
,
Louis and Will Midyette House
Oriental
Thomas Midyette House
Oriental
Will Midyette House
Oriental
Miller House
Bayboro
(Former) Milton Church
Bayboro
Minnesott Beach Multiple Structures Form
rural
Billy Moore House
Reelsboro
W.J. Moore House
Oriental
Will Moore House
W.J. Morgan House
Oriental
Oriental
John Morris House
Mesic
Muddy Landing
rural
Clinton M. Muse House
Pamlico
Harvey Muse House
rural
J.C. Muse House
rural
John C. Muse Store
rural
Joseph Nelson House
rural
New Bethel F.W.E. Church
Grantsboro
Archie Newton House
Ben O'Neal House
Vandemere
Oriental
Ben O'Neal Store
Oriental
Ott_oway O'Neal House
Oriental
Olympia Multiple Structures Form
Olympia
Oriental Multiple Structures Form
Oriental
Oriental Railroad Depot^r.
=^t-1

1
1
PROPERTY NAME
Oriental School buildings
Oriental Methodist Church
Oriental Movie Theatre
Oriental Town Hall
Pamlico Multiple Structures Form
Pamlico County Courthouse
Pamlico County Jail
Pamlico Point Lighthouse
Pamlico Register of Deeds Off. Public Library
Pamlico United Methodist Church
Parker Housb
Parris House
Dan Parris House and Store
Paul Parris House
Paul Parris/Thomas Quidley House
John Peale House
Pearson Family Cemetery
Pecan Grove Campground House
William Benedic Perkins Mill'
George Perry Ford Garage
Pickles House
Pickles Row
Ben Pickles House
Ben Pickles Rental House
Pipkin House
Pipkin House
Robert L. Pipkin Gas Station
Benjamin Potter Store
Brittie Potter House
Buell T. Potter House
Dave Morris Potter House
Jim Potter House
W.O. Potter, Sr. House
.Powers House
Prescott House
Thomas D. Guidley Store
John Rawls House
Z.V. Rawls House
Wayne Ray House
Reel House and Store
Clyde Reel House
Floyd H. Reel Log Cabin
George Reel House
George M. Reel House
Henry A. Reel House
John B. Reel House
Reel Cotton Gin
TOWNI
Oriental
Oriental
Oriental
Ori ental
Pamlico
Bayboro
Bayboro
Hobucken
Arapahoe
Pamlico
rural
Oriental
Oriental
Paml i cc
Pamlico
Paml i cc
rural
rural .
Site Grantsboro
Oriental
Bayboro
Oriental
Oriental
Oriental
Kennel Beach
Kennel Beach
Reelsboro
rural
Reel House and Telephone Office Building
Reelsboro Multiple Structures Form
Reelsboro Methodist Churc-n
Vandemere
Lowl and
Lowland
Lowland
Vandemere
Oriental
Reelsboro
Pa;m1 i co
Alliance
Bayboro
Lowland
Beard's Creek
Reelsboro
rural
Reelsboro
Reelsboro
Reelsboro
Reelsboro
�;rapahae
rayboro
Reelsboro
-, 0r o

PROPERTY NAME TOWN I
Bob Rice House
Lowland
Dewitt Rice House
Alliance
,
Fred Rice House
Lowland
Heaton Rice House
Arapahoe
Tom Rice House
Reelsboro
'
Riggs House*
Bayboro
John Riggs -House
Alliance
Herman Ritch House
Oriental
'
Dan Roach House •
Reelsboro
Tom Roberts House
Oriental
Wallace Roberts House
Kennel Beach
John Robinson House
Hobucken
Rock of Zion F.W.B. Church
Grantsboro
Hosea Rowe House
Stonewall
Jess Rowe House
Lowland
Charlie Sadler Hosue
Hobucken
John Sadler House
Hobucken
Walter Sadler House
Oriental
'
Willis Sanford House
Oriental
Sargent Boathouse
Oriental
Eddie Sawyer House
Lowland
'
Henry Sawyer House
Olympia
Brady Scott House
Grantsboro
Lloyd Scott House
Grantsboro
'
Luten Scott House
Grantsboro
Mack Scott House
Grantsboro
Nathan Scott House
Grantsboro
Scott's Store
Grantsboro
Shiloh.Primitive Baptist Church
Lowland
John Ship House
Oriental
(Former) Silverhill School
Grantsboro
'
W.W. Silverthorne House
rural
Simmons House
Smith House
Reelsboro
Oriental
'
Tony Smith House
Oriental
W.J. Smith House
Oriental
W.J. Smith and Sons
Oriental
Charlie Spain House
Hobucken
Fred Spain House
Hobucken
William Spain House
rural
Roger Spencer House
Hobucken
Jim Spruill House
rural
Preston Spruill House
St. Peter's Baptist Church
rural
Vandemer_
Stonewall Multiple Structures Form
Stonewall
Stonewall School
Stonewall
Stonewall Methodist Church
Stonewall
(Former) Stonewall Methodist Church Parsonage
Stonewall
Store
Oriental
i:i veim gi-yr-r-m, .:t; rp.
i r ..r.. ..'

PROPERTY NAME
Swan House
Charles Swan House
Charlie Swindell House
Julia Swindell House
Matthew Swindell House
Zachariah Swindell House
Lewis Thomas House
Edmund Tingle House
Wiley Tingle House
Willie Tingle House
Trent Swamp
Trent Free Will Baptist Church
1
G
[i
Joe Truitt House
Union Chapel A.M.E. Baptist Church
Vandemere Multiple Structures Form
Vandermere Ice Company
Vandermere Jail
Vandermere Methodist Church
Vandermere Missionary -Baptist Church
Ward House
Billy Ward House
Warden's Grove F.W.B. Church
John W. Warren House
David Watson House
Kelly Watson House
Randolph Watson House_
Stanley Watson House
Edgar S. Weaver Store
West Branch A.M.E. Zion
White Farm Site
White Childrens School
George Whitfield House
Whorton House
Alston Whorton House
Bryan Whorton House
Jesse & Freddie Whorton
Whortonsville Multiple
John Henry Wiggins House
Wiggs House -
Erasmus Williams House
Seth Willis House
William R. Willis House
Wise House
Church
Crab House
Structures Form
(The) Witt 's End Chandlery
Women's Club building
Woodard House
J.P. Woodard House (Swan House)
' Zion Hill Christian Cnurch
TOWN
rural
rura'.
Stonewall
Hobucken
Oriental
Stonewall
Olympia
rural
Arapahoe
rural
rural
rural
Oriental
Kennel Beach
Vandemere
tandemere
Vandemere
Vandemere
Vandemere
Oriental
Oriental
Lowl aid
Grantsboro
i nwl and
Local-nd
Stonswal l
Lowland
Arap_noe
Al i ance
'Or i er :al
Gran _-sboro
Hobuc ken
rura:
•-L!ra:
rural
7ri e^ tal
rural
0ri e��al
Or i er tal
... ^:,,1= -id
Kenn_: Beach
iri er.:a1
rug all
Lore:•►al I
1

APPENDIX II
AGRICULTURAL
BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES FOR PAMLICO COUNTY
'
1. Water control structures
2. Soil samples
3. Conservation cropping system (rotation)
'
4. Crop residue and/or cover crops (natural winter
vegetation)
5. No -till
6. Properly designed lagoons
'
7. Critical area plantings
8. Wildlife plantings
9. Waterfowl impoundments
10. Field borders
Best Management Practices listed cannot be applied to
every farm or
farming operation. One or more may be sufficient for
improving
water quality. Soil types, farm management, cropping
systems,
topography and timeliness will affect applicability of Best
Management Practices on each farm.
k

' APPENDIX III
' PAMLICO COUNTY
CITIZEN PARTICIPATION PLAN
PREPARATION OF LAND USE PLAN
FISCAL YEAR 1990-91
Pamlico County has received a FY90-91 Coastal Area Management Act
grant for the update of its existing Land Use Plan. Adequate
citizen participation in the development of the Plan is essential to
1 the preparation of a document responsive to the needs of the
citizens of Pamlico County. To ensure such input, the following
Citizen Participation Program will be utilized by the County.
' Pamlico County Planning Board will be the principal County Board
responsible for supervision of the project. The Planning Board will
report to and coordinate plan development with the Pamlico County
' Board of Commissioners.
The Planning Board will work with the county's planning consultant
to ensure that the final product will survey existing land use,
identify policies, recommend strategies/actions, and identify Areas
of Environmental Concern. Emphasis will be placed on identifying
' service and utility needs. Specifically, the planning consultant
and Planning Board will be responsible for ensuring accomplishment
of the following:
-- Development of an effective citizen participation process;
-- Surveying and mapping existing land uses;
-- Identification and mapping Areas of Environmental Concern
(AECs) ;
-- Development of land use policies and strategies;
' -- Identification of land use regulatory needs;
-- Establishment of a specific work plan and schedule for dealing
with land use needs/problems;
-- Identification and forecast of growth and development issues;
' -- Implementation of the requirements of 15A NCAC 7B.
At the outset of the project, an article will be prepared for dis-
tribution to all local newspapers. Those newspapers will be
requested to print the article which will include a proposed
schedule for completion. The following schedule will be utilized:
1. January, 1991 -- meet with Pamlico County staff to review the
scope of work. Have the Citizen Participation Plan adopted.
' 2. January, 1991 -- complete identification of existing land use
- problems and map of existing land uses and AECs.

3. On January 7, 1991, conduct a public information meeting at 7:00
p.m. in the Commissioners Meeting Room. The meeting will be
advertised in the local newspaper. The county will specifically
discuss the policy statements contained in the existing Pamlico
County Land Use Plan. The significance of the policy statements
to the CAMA land use planning process shall be described. The
process by which Pamlico County will solicit the views of a wide
cross-section of citizens in the development of the updated
policy statements will be explained at the public hearing.
4. January, 1991 -- present draft sections of plan dealing with
existing issues and land use and preliminary policy statements to
the Planning Board.
5. February and March, 1991 -- review draft plan with the Planning
Board.
6. June, 1991 - review draft Land Use Plan with Board of Commission-
ers and submit draft of completed Land Use Plan to CRC for review
and comment. Conduct a public information meeting for review of
the proposed plan.
7. September, 1991 - present proposed Land Use Plan to the Board of
Commissioners for review, and conduct a formal public hearing, at
which the update of the Land Use Plan will be discussed.
All meetings of the Planning Board at which the update of the Land
Use Plan will be discussed will be advertised and will be open to
the public. The county will encourage and consider all economic,
social, ethnic, and cultural viewpoints. No major non-English
speaking groups are known to exist in Pamlico County.