Coastal Area Management Plan-1976

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Division of Coastal Management
WINUN
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COASTAL AREA MANAGEMENT PLAN
PAMLICO COUNTY
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J
"The preparation of this report was finan-
cially assisted by a grant from the State of
North Carolina, the National Oceanic and At-
mospheric Administration, and the Coastal
Plains Regional Commission."
Z

i
.•
Stuto of Forth Carolina
COUNTY OF PAMUC®
BAYBORO 28515
May 19, 1976
Coastal Resources Commission
P. 0. Box 27687
Raleigh, North Carolina 27611
Sirs:
The County of Pamlico County hereby transmits one.certified copy of the
Pamlico County Land Development Plan to the Coastal Resources Commission.
The plan was formally reviewed at a public hearing held at the Pamlico
County Courthouse on May 13, 1976. The plan was adopted by the Commissioners
at a special meeting held cn May 13, 1976:-
Clerk
�2-, L` (I
Chairman; Pamlico County Ccmmissioners
( S E A L )

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
I. INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
II. DESCRIPTION OF PRESENT CONDITIONS . . . . . , , , ,
, 4
A. Population and Economy . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. 5
Labor Force . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
14
Income Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. 19
Manufacturing . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Retail and Wholesale Trade . . . . . . . . . . .
. 21
. 23
Natural Resources Related to the Economy
26
B. Existing Land Use . . . . . . . . .
38
Township I ... . . . . . . . . . . .
40
Township II . .
41
Township III
41
Township IV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. 42
Township V . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. 43
Analysis . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. 44
C. Current Plans, Policies, and Regulations . . . .
, 45
Plans and Policies . . . . . . . . . . . .
..:
' 45
Local Regulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
46
Federal and State Regulations . . . . . , , , ,
, 49
III. PUBLIC PARTICIPATION ACTIVITIES . . . . . . . . . .
. 52
A. Analysis of Major Land Use Issues. . . . . . . .
. 53
B. Alternatives . . . . . . . . . ,
57
C. Goals and Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. 58
Employment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. 58
Road System . . . . . . . . . . . .
59
Water and Sewer . . . . .
59
Industrial Development . .
60
..
Land Use Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
60
Recreation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. 61
Agricultural and Forestry Production . . . . . .
. 61
Marine Habitat Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . .
61
Wildlife . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
62
D. Process to Determine Objectives. . . . . . . . . .
63
E. Methods and Results of Public Participation. . . .
63
IV. CONSTRAINTS . . . . . . . . . . . . .
69
A. Land Potential . . ... . . . . , ,
70
Physical Limitations . . . .
70
4l A

Page
• Fragile Areas • . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Areas with Resource Potential . . . . . . 105
B. Capacity of Community Facilities . . . 114
Existing Water and Sewer Service Areas 115
Design Capacities . . . . . . . . . . . 115
V. ESTIMATED DEMAND. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
A. Population and Economy. . . , . . . . . . . 130
Ten Year Population Estimates . . 130
Seasonal Populations. . . . . . . 131
Major Trends in the Economy . . . . . . 132
B. Future Land Needs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
C. Community Facilities Demand . . . . . . . . . 134
VI. PLAN DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
A. Description of Land Classification System 139
B. Projected Description by Township . . . . 141
VII. AREAS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERN . . . . . . . .145
Coastal Wetlands . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
Estuarine Waters . . . . 148
Renewable Resource Areas - Watersheds or Aquifers 153
Fragile, Historic, or Natural Resource Areas -
Areas Containing Unique Geological Formations 154
Fragile Historic, or Natural Resource Areas -
Historic Places . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
Areas Subject to Public Rights . . . . . . . . . 156
Natural Hazard Areas - Excessive Erosion Areas -
Estuarine and River Erodible Areas. . . . . . . 160
Development Standards Applicable to All AEC's 161
VI I I . SUMMARY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
• A. Data Collection, Analysis, and Conclusions... 163
B. Application of Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165

Page
IX. CITY - COUNTY PLAN RELATIONSHIP REFINED . . . . . . . 168
SECTION TWO - INCORPORATED AREAS . . . . . . . . 169
PART TWO - ALLIANCE
I. INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . 171
II. POPULATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
A, Future Population . . . . . . . . . . 173
III. EXISTING LAND USE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
IV. CURRENT PLANS, POLICIES AND REGULATIONS . . . . . . 174
V. LAND POTENTIAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174
A. Physical Limitations . . . . . . . . . 174
B. Soil Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
C. Source of Water Supply. . . . . . . . . . . . 175
D. Steep Slope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
E. Fragile Areas . . . . . . . . . . . 176
F. Areas of Resource Potential . . . . . . . . . . . 176
VI. CAPACITY OF COMMUNITY FACILITIES . . . . . . . . . . 176
A. Road System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176
B. Schools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176
C. Water and Sewer Treatment Plant . . . . . . . . . 176
VII? ESTIMATED DEMAND . . . 177
A. Ten Year Population Estimates . . . . . . . . . . 177
VIII. COMMUNITY FACILITY DEMANDS. . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
• 178
IX. GOALS

•
PART THREE - ARAPAHOE
Page
I. INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
II. POPULATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
A. Future Population . . . . . . 0 0 182
III. EXISTING LAND USE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
IV. CURRENT PLANS, POLICIES, AND REGULATIONS . . . 184
V. LAND POTENTIAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
A. Physical Limitation . . . . . . . . . . 184
B. Soil Limitations . . . 184
C. Source of Water Supply . . . . 184
D. Steep Slope . . . . . . . . . . . 1. 0 . . 185
E. Fragile Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . 185
F. Areas of Resources Potential . . . . . 185
VI. CAPACITY OF COMMUNITY FACILITIES . . . . . . . . . . 185
A. Road System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
B. Schools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186
C, Water and Sewer Treatment Plant. . . . . . . 186
VII. ESTIMATED DEMAND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186
A. Ten -Year Population Estimates. . . . . . . . . . . 186
VIII. COMMUNITY FACILITIES DEMAND . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186
IX. GOALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
406
.7

PART FOUR - BAYBORO
• Page
I INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
II. POPULATION.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
A. Future Population. . . . . . . . . . . . 190
III.
EXISTING LAND USE . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
191
IV.
CURRENT PLANS, POLICIES, AND REGULATIONS . . . . .
191
V.
LAND POTENTIAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
192
A. Physical Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . .
192
B. Soils . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
192
C. Sources of Water Supply . . . . . . . . . . .
193.
D. Steep Slope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
193
E. Fragile Areas . . . . . . . . . . . .
193
F. Areas of Resource Potential. . . . . . . . . .
193
VI.
CAPACITY OF COMMUNITY FACILITIES . . . . . . . . .
194
A. Road System . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . .
194
B. Schools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
194
C. Water and Sewer Treatment Plant. . . . . . . .
194
VII.
ESTIMATED DEMAND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
194
A. Ten -Year Population Estimates . . . . . . . .
194
VIII.
COMMUNITY FACILITY DEMANDS . . . .
196
IX.
GOALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
197
•

PART FIVE - MESIC
• pale
I. INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199
II. POPULATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199
A. Future'Population . . . . . . . . . . 199
III. EXISTING LAND USE . . . . . . . . 200
IV. CURRENT PLANS, POLICIES, AND REGULATIONS 201
V. LAND POTENTIAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
A. Physical Limitations . 201
B. Soil Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . 202
C. Steep Slope . . . 202
D. Fragile Areas . . . . . . . . . 202
E. Areas with Resource Potential . . . . . 203
VI. CAPACITY OF COMMUNITY FACILITIES . . . . . . 203
A. Road System . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
B. Schools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
C. Water and Sewer Treatment Plant . . . . . 203
VII. ESTIMATED DEMAND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
A. Ten -Year Population Estimates . . . . . 203
VIII. COMMUNITY FACILITY DEMANDS . . . . . . . . . . 204
IX. GOALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204
U

PART SIX - MINNESOTT BEACH
Fade
I. INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
II. POPULATION 206
A. Future Population . . . . . . 207
III. EXISTING LAND USE . . . . . 207
IV. CURRENT PLANS, POLICIES, AND REGULATIONS . . . 208
V. LAND POTENTIAL . . . . . . . . . . . 209
A. Physical Limitations . . . .... . . . . . 209
B. Soil Limitations . . . . . . . . 209
C. Source of,Water Supply . . . . . . . 209
D. Steep Slope . . . . . . . . . . 210
E. Fragile Areas . . . . . . . . . . 210
F. Areas of Resource Potential. . . . . . . 210
VI. CAPACITY OF COMMUNITY FACILITIES . . . . . . . 211
A. Road System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
B. Schools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
.C. Water and Sewer Treatment Plant 211
VII. ESTIMATED DEMAND . . . . . . . . . . 211
A. Ten -Year Population Estimates . . . 211
VIII. COMMUNITY FACILITIES DEMAND. . . . . . 212
IX. GOALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212
go

PART SEVEN - ORIENTAL
• Page
I. INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . 214
II. POPULATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
A. Future Population . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
III. EXISTING LAND USE . . . . 216
IV. CURRENT PLANS, POLICIES, AND REGULATIONS 218
V. LAND POTENTIAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218
A. Physical Limitations . . . . . . . . . 218
B. Soil Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . 218
C. Source of Water Supply . . . . . . . 219
D. Steep Slope . . . . . . . . . . 219
E. Fragile Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
F. Areas of Resource Potential. . . . . . . . 219
VI. CAPACITY OF COMMUNITY FACILITIES . . . . . . . 220
A. Road System . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
B. Schools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
C. Water and Sewer Treatment Plant. . . . . . 220
VI.I. ESTIMATED DEMAND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
A. Ten -Year Population'Estimates . . . . . . 221
VIII. COMMUNITY FACILITIES DEMANDS . . . . . 221
IX. GOALS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222
•
4M
G/

PART EIGHT - STONEWALL
9 Page
I. INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224
II. POPULATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224
A. Future Population . . . . . . . . . 225
III. EXISTING LAND USE . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226
IV. CURRENT PLANS, POLICIES, AND REGULATIONS . 227
V. LAND POTENTIAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
A. Physical Limitations . . . . . . . . 0 228
B. Soil Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
C. Source of Water Supply . . . . . . . . . . 228
D. Steep Slope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
E. Fragile Areas . . . ... . . . . . . . . . 229
F. Areas of Resource Potential. . . . . . . . 229
VI. CAPACITY OF COMMUNITY FACILITIES . . . . . . . 229
A. Road System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
B. Schools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
C. Water and Sewer Treatment Plant. . . . . . 230
VII. ESTIMATED DEMAND . . . . . . . . . . . . 230
A. Ten -Year Population Estimates. . . . . . . 230
VIII. COMMUNITY FACILITIES DEMANDS . . . . . . . . . 230
IX. GOALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
0

PART NINE - VANDEMERE
• Pale
I. INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
II. POPULATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
A. Future Population . . . . . . . . 234
III. EXISTING LAND USE . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235
IV. CURRENT PLANS, POLICIES AND REGULATIONS 236
V. LAND POTENTIAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237
A. Physical Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . 237
B. Soil Limitations . . . . . . . . 237
C. Source of Water Supply . . . . . . . 238
D. Steep Slopes . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
E. Fragile Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
F. Areas of Resource Potential . . . . . . 238
VI. CAPACITY OF COMMUNITY FACILITIES . . . . . 238
A. Road System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
B. Schools ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
C. Water and Sewer Treatment Plant . . 239
VII. ESTIMATED DEMAND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
A. Ten -Year Population Estimates. 239
VIII. COMMUNITY FACILITIES DEMAND . . . . . . . . . 239
IX. GOALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240
• PART TEN
APPENDIX. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242
t
/3

•
LIST OF TABLES
TABLE
NO. TITLE
PAGE NO.
1
Pamlico County Population Projections
5
2
Population Trends for Pamlico County
1910-1970-1973
7
3
Net Migration -Pamlico County - 1960-1970
8
4
Net Migration by Race, Sex and Age Groups -
Pamlico County - 1960-1970
9
5
Pamlico County 1970, Population by Age, Rape,
and Sex
10
6
Labor Force Summary
14
7
High School Graduates -Pamlico County
15
8
Commuting Patterns for Pamlico County
16
9
Years of School Completed (1970) -
Pamlico County
18
10
Pamlico County Family Income
20
11
Per Capita Income
20
12
Retail Sales - Pamlico County
24
13
Pamlico County Trade Inventory
25
14
Seafood Processing Companies
26
15
Fish Catch, Beaufort, Craven, Pamlico
Counties, 1972, 1973
28
16
Commercial Forests by Ownership and Volume
of Timber - Pamlico Counties, 1964
31
17
Trends in Agriculture 1959-1969
33
18
Agricultural Economic Trends in Pamlico County
35
19
Pamlico County Farm Acreage and Income
35
20
Acres Devoted to Major Crops, Yielded Per
Acre, and Value of Production - Pamlico
County, 1972
36
21
Farm Income: Cash Receipts from Farm
Marketings and Government Payments -
Pamlico County, 1972
37
22
Existing Land Use
40
23
Soil Interpretations General Soil Map -
Pamlico County, N.C.
82
24
Inventory of Streams
97
25
Existing School Information
121
26
Pamlico County Population Projections
131
27
Additional Seasonal Population - Pamlico Co.
131
28
County Revenues and Expenditures'- Pamlico
County - Fiscal Year 1971-72
136
29
Analysis of Outstanding Debt - Pamlico County
At June `30, 1975
136
30
Analysis of Outstanding Debt - Municipalities
At June 30, 1975
137
•
A
Iy

•
I. INTRODUCTION
0

The Coastal Area Management Act of 1974 was one of the mast
• extensive and controversial pieces -
P of legislation ever passed by
the North Carolina General Assembly. The Act establishes a co-
•
operative program of coastal area management between local and
state governments. The Act requires the development and adop-
tion of a land use plan for each county in the coastal area, and
further requires that each county plan conform to State Guide
lines, which in turn 'shall be consistent with the goals of the
coastal area management system,' as set forth in the first part
of the Act.
The purpose of a land use plan for Pamlico County is to
achieve the goals of the Coastal Area Management Act. These
goals are:
1. To provide a management system ca able f preserving
managing the natural ecological conditions ofthe estua-
rine system, the.barrier dune system, and the beaches, so
as to safeguard and perpetuate their natural productivity
and their biological, economic and aesthetic values.
Z. To insure that the development or preservation of the land
and water resources of the coastal area proceeds in a man-
ner consistent with the capability of.the land and water,
for development, use, or preservation based on ecological
considerations.
3. To insure the orderly and balanced use and preservation of
our coastal resources on behalf of the people of olina and the nation. North Carte
4. To establish policies, guidelines and standards for the
conservation of resources; 'the economic development of the
coastal area; the use of recreational lands and tourist
facilities; the wise development of transportation and
circulation patterns; the preservation and enhancement of
historical, cultural and scientific aspects of the region,
and the protection of common law and public rights in the
land and waters of the coastal area.
mob
16

The following land use plan was prepared by Pamlico County
• in accord with the Coastal Area Management Act and the Coastal
Resources Commission's Guidelines for local planning.
The history and development of the plan covers nearly two
years and is a result of the efforts of many people who believed
in Pamlico County and the necessity for complying with the law.
If you as an individual have not had the time or opportunity
for whatever reason to participate in the process thus far,
please consider what has been done and any improvements that can
be made. Planning is a continuing process and your recommenda-
tions can strengthen or change any goal or objective regardless
of how firmly imprinted in this text.
0.
r 1
U
+W
!4F

PRESENT CONDITIONS
• Population
'.the population for Pamlico County has remained relatively
constant between 1910 and 1970 and ranges from a low of 9,Q60
- in 1920 to 'a high of 9,993 in 1950. The greatest grange in pop-
ulation between decades was 19;0 to 1920 showing a decrease of
906 persons from 9,996 in 1910 to 9,060 in 1920. This is ak dlr
crease of approximately nine percent over the ten year period.
Following this substantial decrease, the county's population be-
gan to increase gradually from 1920 to 1950; however, in 1960
and 1970 the population decreased to 98850 and 9,467 reopectivp'Xy.
The downward trend f9r pgpul�ttion it projected to continue though.
at a slower rate than between 1960 and 1970.
Population estimates for Pamlico County were made for a fifty.
year period, 1980, 1985, 1990, 2000, and 202�. It is negessar�
to realize that,thq. validity og projections Made aftpr 1985 de-
crease significantly since projections are made by using the pop-
ulation figures of the two previous dotes, both of those being
projected figures. There is no data or personal knowledge avail..
able which could contradict the projections made by the Department
of Administration and it iq realized that major steps would be
necessary to alter the decreasing trend in population.
TABLE 1
Pamlico County
Population
Projections
T•r �
1980
1985
1990'
2000
2025
Range 81500
8,100
7,700
6,500
6,300
Mean 9,000
8,800
8,600
8,000
71'900
• Range 9,500
9,500
9,500
9,500
9,500
-5-

These population estimates indicate the decrease in popula-
tion will continue in Pamlico County and this fact is substanti-
ated by general economic conditions which exist in the County.
Table 1 indicates past population based on the 1970 Census for
Pamlico County from 1910 to 1970 broken down into townships and
towns. Also included for reference purposes is the July 1, 1973
estimates based on revenue sharing figures.
Pamlico County, due to its site and situation, has not ex-
perienced the population explosion as has other areas in the
coastal plain. This:is undoubtedly due to the out -migration of
persons, particularly those of childbearing age shown in Tables
4 and 5.
There are several reasons for migration from rural areas
such as Pamlico County to urban areas though as a whole this
trend is slowing. Some notable causes for migration are:
1. Trends toward fewer and larger farms.
2. Mechanization of agriculture.
3. Lack of economic opportunities other than farming.
Another factor which will increase the pressure for out -migration
in Pamlico County is the existence of subsurface phosphate de-
posits located in the eastern half of the County. This will come
about through purchase of large tracts of land owned by long time
residents of the County. These deposits will become very attrac-
tive as the need for food and therefore fertilizer increases.
The rural citizen seeks employment in urban areas because of
• better wages amenities which will enhance his life. A number of
these individuals will move immediately to be near new jobs while
17

TABLE 2
Population Trends for Pamlico County 1910-1970-1973
Civil Divisions 1910 1920 1930'' 1940 1950 1960 1970 1973*
Township 1 1,515 1,444 1,159 1,542 1,951 1,686 1,813 N/A
Township 2 2,120 1,872 1,712 1,124 1,441 1,573 1,489 N/A
a
Stonewall Town 161 218 329 261 • 272 214 335 NIA
Township 3 2,498 2,330 2,699 3,073 2,990 3,169 2,886 N/A.
Alliance Town -- -- -- -- -- -- 577 576
Bayboro Town 370 349 468 428 453 545 665 664
Mesic Town N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 369 368
( Vandemere Town 296 308 360 436 475 452 379 378
Township 4 1,004 819 908 1,054 1,112 945 922 N/A
Township 5 2,829 '2,595 2,389 2,913 2,499 2,477 2,357 N/A
Arapahoe Town N/A N/A 290 307 273 274 212 212
Minnesott Beach N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 41 43
Oriental Tom 645 607 601 535 590 522 445 444
PA.NLICO COUNTY 9,966 9,060 9,299 9,706 9,993 9,850 9,467 9,428
Change -906 +239 +406 +287 +143 -383 - 39
Percent Change -9.1 +2.6 +4.4 +3.0 +1.4 -3.9 - .4
0
SOURCE: U. S. Census of Population
.*Based on U. S. Population Estimates determined from
Revenue Sharing Figures
N/A - Not Available
-2o

TABLE 3
Net Migration -Pamlico County
• 1960 - 1970
Total Population
Actual 1960 Population 9,850
Natural Increase (1960-1970)1 726
Expected 1970 Population 2 10,576
Actual 1970 Population 9,467
Population Change Due to Migration -1,109
Total White Population
Actual 1960 Population 6,239
Natural Increase (1960-1970)l 203
Expected 1970 Population2 6,442
Actual 1970 Population 6,331
Population Change Due to Migration -111
Total Non -White Population
Actual 1960 Population 3,611
Natural Increase (1960-1270)1 523
Expected 1970 Population 4,134
Actual 1970 Population 3,136
Population Change Due to Migration -998
1Number of Births in Excess of Deaths
21960 Population Plus Natural Increase
. 4w

TABLE 4
Net Migration
• by Race Sex and A;e Groups
Pamlico County
1 1970
-
1960 1970 Percent of
Abe Population Age Population 1960 Group
T� Male-ite Male7P Site Present in 1970
0-4
292
10-14
310
106.2
5-9
348
15-19
284
81.6
10-14
356
20-24
217
61.0
15-19
290
25-29
189
'65.2
20-24
131
30-34
144
109.9
25-24
317
35-44
348
109.8
35-44
383
45-54
354
92.4
45-54
374
55-64
.333................
89.0
Female -White , Female -White
0-4
294
10-14
294
100.0
5-9
321
15-19
274
85.4
10-14
227
20-24
223
66.2
15-19
233
25-29
172
73.8
20-24
138
30-34
149
107.9
25-34
351
35-44
358
101.9
35-44
383
45-54
406
106.0
45-54
392
55-64
397
101.3
Male -Nonwhite Male -Nonwhite
0-4
284
10-14
216
76.1
5-9
289
15-19
208
72.0
10-14
240
20-24
66
27.5
15-19
168
25-29
60
35.7
20-24
106
30-34
72
67.9
25-34
179
35-44
171
95.5
35-44
149
45-54
138
92.6
45-54
146
55-64
109
74.7
Female -Nonwhite Female -Nonwhite
0-4
300
10-14
249
83.0
5-9
275
15-19
202
73.5
10-14
244
20-24
87
35.7
15-19
179
25-29
64
35.8
20-24
108
30-34
77
71.3
25-34
225
35-44
222
98.7
35-44
166
45-54
147
88.6
45-54
150
. 55-64
12.8
85.3
0 4W

TABLE 5
• Pamlico County 1970, Population by Age, Race, and Sex
Total
White
Non -White
Age
Male
Female
Male
Female
Male
Female
Total
.0-4
378
346
254
214
124
132
724
5-9
475
472
280
264
194
208
947
10-14
528
543
310
294
216
249
1,071
15-19
494
476
284
274
208
202
970
20-24
283
310
217
223
66
87
593
25-29
249
238
189
172
60
64
487
30-34
217
226
144
149
72
77
443'
35-39
233
298
158
182
75
115
531
40-44
286
283
190
176
96
107
569
45-49
.251
281
176
203
73
78
532
{ 50-54
253
272
188
203
65
69.
525
55-59
230
256
174
188
56
68
486
60-64
212
269
159
209
53
60
481.
65-69
179
198
130
143
49
55
377
70-74
141
194
103
154
38
40
335
75-79
99
104
75
82
24
22
203
80-84
48
82
41
70
7
12
130
85+
21
42
16
32
5
10
63
Median
Age
27.6
31.3
30.3
35.7
20.0
22.1
29.4
,'23

others, taking jobs in adjoining counties may commute initially,
• probably moving later. The people who move tend to be younger
adults as shown in Table 4, with the migration of women of child-
bearing age, the birth rate tends to drop. Therefore the popula-
tion decline is accelerated due not.only to the loss.of an indi-
vidual by migration but also by the loss of potential reproduc-
tion.
There is no significant urban area located in Pamlico County.
Those seeking employment opportunities available in urban -areas
must either commute or move to these areas. This resulting,loss
of population has an adverse affect on the economy of the area.
These people are no longer available to the County to support in-
dustrial and commercial enterprise. Conversely, industrial and
commercial :jobs must be available in the County to retain this
segment of the population.
The composition of the population of Pamlico County reflects
the out -migration of younger adults upon reaching an employable
age. A distinct drop in population can be seen from the 15-19
age group to the 20-24 age group as shown in Table 5.
The North Carolina median non -white age of 21.40 does not
differ appreciably from that of Pamlico County non -white median
age of 21.05. However, the North Carolina median age falls in
the 25-29 age group while that of Pamlico County is in the 30-34
age group. Thus, it can be concluded that North Carolina possesses
a greater percentage of employable age individuals than does Pam-
0 lico County .
zfv

The fact that the median age of the non -white population in
• Pamlico County is in the 20-�4 age group, while that of the white
population is in the 30-34 age group, is quite significant. Non-
white families in the County tend to have more children per house-
hold while at the same time having a dower per capita income than
do white families.. Therefore, as a group those with the molt
needs have the least economic rospurpes. A temporary alleviation
of this problem would be a well organized social, service program.
Long range solutions could be developed through the training of
non -whites for more gainful employment, availability of job.opppr-
tunities, and possible training in family planning with the inr-
clusion of birth control,.
The educational level of the population of Pamlico County is'
below that.of the State of North Carolina with median years com-
pleted being 9.3 for males 25 years and over and 10.3 fpr females
25 years and over as compared to 10.3 and JQ.8 respectively.. The
medium none -white years of school completed is considerably less
than the countywide median with males 25 years and over completing
only 7.9 years and the corresponding groups of females finishing.
9.4 years.
As in most rural eastern North Carolina counties the percentr
age of college graduates is low due mainly to the lack of technical
industrial activity requiring college trained individuals. To
secure and retain this segment of the popu�ation, technical job =b:.
opportunities must be created, The better educated and trained
• segment of the population command more wages thereby helping the
overall economy.

Population projections for Pamlico County prepared by the
North Carolina Department of Administration using past trends,
births, deaths, and net migration indicate that Pamlico County
will continue to decrease in year-round population. The fact
that Pamlico County is decreasing in population is significant,
however, not as important as the segment of the population that
is being lost. As the young people of Pamlico County migrate to
other areas in search of jobs the older segment of the population
is left behind. With the removal of potential birth as women of
childbearing age move away and the increasing birth rate as the
median and average of the population rises, Pamlico County can
only expect the downward trend to accelerate. Population trends
were made for 5, 10, 25, and 50 years. It is recognized that as
projections are made further in the future their reliability is.
reduced.
The downward population trend for Pamlico County is reversi-
ble if the citizens of the County are willing to make certain
sacrifices. An all-out effort by both the citizens and the
elected officials is necessary in order to improve the cultural,
social and economic climate of the County. Pamlico County has
characteristics such as climate, water access, woodlands, etc.,
which are attractive to not only Pamlico residents but residents
of other areas as well. In order to stimulate growth Pamlico
County must be prepared to exploit its attributes to the extent
that out -migration ceases and in -migration begins.
There are also several major obstacles to sustain growth
such as poor soils for septic tanks, lack of sufficient access

•
to the County, high water table and a considerable flood plain.
It is necessary to recognize that these problems exist. It is
also necessary to recognize that there will be a price to pay for
future growth both monetarily and,by the sharing of the amenities
in Pamlico County. If the citizens and local government are will-
ing to make these sacrifices, then the present downward trend in
population could be reversed.
The Labor Force
The County is having difficulty retaining its population,
which includes elements of the labor force. The supply of labor
and the characteristics of the labor force are important in de-
termining the economic status and potential of Pamlico County.
The data utilized in this chapter varies from 1960 to 1970. In-
formation was obtained from the'1970 U.S. Census and the N.C.
Employment Security Commission.
TABLE 6
Labor Force Summary
19621 19F51 107nl ,n-7., 2
Pamlico
N.C.
Pamlicol
N.C.
Pamlicc
N.C.
Plimlic
N.C.
Total Work
Force
2,300
1,846,800
2,300
1,969,900
2,380
2,276,10
2,450
2,313,700
Total
Employment
2,091
1,748,920,
2,139
1,887,164
2.090
.2 240
% Unemployed
9.1
5.3
7.0
1 4.2
12.2
3.
8.6
3.9
Total
Unemp,loymeni
209
97,880
161
82,736
290
86,49
210
90,234
SOURCE: 1U. S. Census of Social Characteristics, 1970
2N. C. Employment Security Commission
As with the years in Table 6, the total work force has shown
a slight increase from 1962 to 1971. Total employment has remained
relatively constant with slight increase or decrease from year to
_:-
P7

•
0
year.
Pamlico County has followed North Carolina and shown ah in-
crease in total work force. However, while North Carolina's un-
employment decreased from 5.3% to 3.9%, Pamlico County's rate of
unemployment was never less then 7% from 1962 to 1971. The Pam-
lico rate being always two to three times as high as North Caro-
lina's.
It is apparent that Pamlico County has lost a portion of its
available labor force through out -migration. The remaining por-
tion of the total work force in Pamlico County, however, still
has a much higher rate of unemployment than the statewide average.
New input into the labor force may be determined by an ex-
amination of high school graduates. The main concern is the fact
that only slightly more than half of the high school graduates
remain in Pamlico County to enter the County's labor force. These
graduates are more susceptible to further training and command
high wages.
TABLE 7
High School Graduates - Pamlico County
Number of High School Graduates
Number of High School Graduates
Entering Labor Force in Pamlico County
1965 1968 1970 1971 1972
157
173
155
151
160
74
53
70
52
64
Percentage 47.1 30.6 45.2 34.4 40
Pamlico County's high schools have been educating young grad-
uates for someone else's labor force. This fact reinforces state -
Jam,. •::

ments that new jobs must be made available to retain Pamlico Coun-
• ty's younger people, the producers. It is significant that the
number of graduates has not decreased from 1965 to 1972; yet the
percentage of graduates joining the Pamlico County work force de-
clined slightly.
There were 1,010 persons commuting to places of employment
outside the County in 1960, by 1970 the total had increased to
1,454. It is reasonable to assume the commuting pattern still
exists because there has been no major increase in the number of
job opportunities within the County.
It can also be assumed that a majority of these commuters
would accept employment closer to their homes in Pamlico County
if such employment was available. This would add to the recruit-
able labor supply available to industry and commerce locating
within the County.
TABLE 8
Commutinq Patterns for Pamlico Count
1960, 1970
County
Out-
Commuting
1960
In-
Commuting
Out-
Commuting
1970
In -
Commut
Beaufort
12
40
150
19
Carteret
17
4
44
3
Craven
874
100
1,165
46
Jones
11
3
16
0
Lenoir
0
0
6
0
Onslow
43
7
23
0
Pitt
0
0
15
0
Elsewhere
53
23
35
9
Total
1,010
177
1,454
77
Live & Work in
Pamlico County
1,719
1,719
1,539
1,539

TABLE 8
Commuting Patterns for Pamlico County
1960, 1970
Cont,
1960 1970
Out- In- Out In -
County Commuting Commuting Commuting Commuting
Employed Residents 2,729 -- 2,993 -
Persons Working
In Pamlico County -- 1,896 1,616
Net Commuting - Gain (+)
or Loss (-) -833
-1,377
In -commuting should also be noted. In 1960, 177 individuals
in -commuted and in 1970 only 77, resulting in a decrease �n the
number of persons outside the County holding county jobs. This is
a direct result of increased competition from outside the County
for available jobs. This also results in a high unemployment rate,
It is felt that many of the 1,454 commuting to work outside the
County are potentially recruitable for work in Pamlico County.
Pamlico County has the potential labor supply in its high
school graduates, its recruitable labor force, and its commuting
residents. The nucleus to train these people is present in Pam-
lico County Technical Institute. The County needs jobs for these
people to reverse its decreasing population trend.
. dMW
134
AW

Table 9
Years of
School Completed
(1970)
•
Pamlico
County
Non
White
White
Total
Male
Female
Total
Persons 25 Years
and Over
3,712
1,442
5,154
2,414
2,740
5,154
No School Years
Completed
48
26
74
45
29
74
Elementary
1-4 Years
217
231
448
.273
175
448
5-7 Years
661
371
1,032
54.6
486
1,032
8 Years
408
126
534
274
260
534
High School
1-3 Years
1,201
455
1,656
691
965
1,656
4 Years
866
179
1,045
404
641
1,045
College
1-3 Years
206
28
234
109
125
234
4 or More Years
105
26
131
72
59
131
Median Completed
11.0
8.6
9.8
9.3
10.3
9.8
•
SOURCE: 1970 Census of Population, General Social and Economic
Characteristics.
3i
jw

Pamlico County Income Characteristics
• T
The financial, status of residents of Pamlico County is ex-
amined to determine both earnings and buying power. Data from
the 1970 census and the -North Carolina State Government'Statistical
Abstract is included for background information as shown in Tables
10 & 11.
Noticeably, the income of white families is only 65.4 Percent
greater than that of non -white families, yet the.white per capitz
income is 149 percent grater than non -white. This leads to the
conclusion'that non -white families have far more members than white
families. Therefore non -white individuals have less purchasing
power than white individuals. When compared to the other 99
counties Pamlico County's relative position in per capital income
has improved from 1947 with a ranking of 98th to a ranking of-72pd
in 1970. This increase is due to the out -migration of young people,
especially blacks, while retaining.is the older, well established
sector of the population. If out -migration is halted certain
economic stimuli must be added in order to continue to improve Pam-
lico County's income levels.
The retention of a low family income results in limited pur-
chasing power which has an adverse affect on retail sales, whole
sale sales, and services. Due to the lack of income among certain
families, heavy burdens are placed on local welfare programs which
increase the demand for tax revenue.
When considering the improvement of per capita and family in-
come, one solution lies in upgrading skills of workers enabling
them to command higher wages. In recent years, pay scales for
-jb-
3z
ice'

1
0
TABLE 10
Pamlico County Family Income
Non -White i t e Total- —
Total Families 637
edian Family Income $4,341 $7,181 $5,761
Per Capita Income 1,077 2,687 1,882
SOURCE: 1970 Census of Population, General Social and Economic
Characteristics.
TABLE 11
Per Capita Income
97
Per Capita Income 383 384 717 1,060 1,424 1,887-
Rank in 100 Counties 98 88 94 88 82 72
.C. Per Capita Income 894 1,190 1,420 1,732 2,277 2 492
SOURCE: North Carolina State Government Statistical Abstract
ii'
33
jo

skilled labor has risen sharply while the pay scale for unskilled
• labor has suffered with minor increases only due to increases in
state and federal minimum wage laws. It must be considered that
the demand for unskilled labor diminishes as our society becomes
more technical in nature. New industrial and commercial develop-
ment which may be attracted to Pamlico County will be seeking
skilled technical manpower. These enterprises would rely on Pam-
lico County Technical Institute or similar facilities to train
prospective employees to fill positions requiring certain skills.
The technical skills for farm labor will also increase as more
farming operations become mechanized. This process will both
reduce the number of farm laborers and require that those who re-
main possess certain technical skills.
Manufacturing
"Every community in the United States purchases goods and
services from outside its borders. A community pays for these
goods and services by specializing in the production of certain
goods and services sold outside the community. The goods and
services sold outside the community play a key role in determin-
ing the economic health of the community."1
Those manufacturers that sell their products outside the
County are considered to be "basic" industries which bring in
"outside" capital. Therefore those that sell their products
within the County are said to be "non -basic" industries. Some
manufacturers are, because they sell both within and outside the
• Tiebout, Charles M., The Community Economic Base Study, Commit-
tee for Economic Development, Dec., 1962.
-jr-

County, considered basic and non -basic. A county with all non -
basic manufacturing, tends to produce a stagnated economy, as no
new or outside money enters the County. Pamlico County, a County
that imports greatly for goods and services, must export to re-
coup the monies expended outside the County
The two outstandi4g facts facing Pamlico County involve a
lack of diversification and the excessive number of females em-
ployed in the manufacturing enterprises. It is a historic fact
in North Carolina that women have been employed in seasonal, low -
skill, low -wage enterprises.
Manufacturers that employ mere male employees or firms that
employ heads of household and furnish a more.stable income, and
provide greater fringe benefits are drastically needed. The main
basic industry is seafood processing with timber products being
second. There has been little or no recent growth in manufactur-
ing and little diversification. Farm products added to seafood
and timber products cover most of the County's exports and consti-
tute the basic industries.
The importance of the seafood industry is quite evident. In
1973, Pamlico County ranked fourth among North Carolina coµn�ies
in the totaling poundage taken with 4,439,500. Of a more sig-
nificant nature, the County ranked third in income from this pound-
age with the fishermen receiving $1,533,697 in 1973,
A need exists to seek diversity of industry. The labor sup-
ply is available. However, adequate water supply and sewage dis-
posal is not available. It is doubtful if any major industry
35-

will locate in Pamlico -County until this deficiency is remedied.
• The.soil is suitable for.industrial sites along the Southern
Railroad and NC•55 in the vicinity of Grantsboro and Bayboro.
The nucleus for training industrial workers exists in Pamlico
County Technical Institute.
There are two prime deterrents to industrial development in
Pamlico County. Governmental action directly affects both the
lack of water and sewer facilities which are the responsibility
of town and county government and lack of north -south transporta-
tion is the responsibility of state government. No bridge Crosses
the Pamlico River to the north or the Neuse River to the south.
Retail and Wholesale Trade
The monetary return from retail sales in Pamlico County has
shown increases in line with that of North Carolina since 1947,
although the 1974 figures show a slowing percent increase. The
comparison of 1974 figures between Pamlico County and North Caro-
1 ina show Pamlico County beginning to lag significantly behind.
When considering increases or decreases in sales, the tend-
ency of the dollar to decrease in value during recent years must
be taken into consideration. Although the number of dollars from
retail sales has been .increasing over the years, this cannot be
attributed to significant increases in retail establishments.
The lack of retail growth can be attributed to the ease with which
people can commute to urban centers in adjoining counties that
offer greater variety, the limited income of Pamlico County resi-.
• dents, and decreases in population due to out -migration.
-!-

While retail trade has been increasing, wholesale trade
• showed a decline in the late 1960's, however, is gradually show-
ing some increase to 1973. Even with the fluctuation in whole-
sale trade it would not be d}fficult for retail establishments
to look outside the gounj;y for their goods.
TABLE 12
Retail Sales - Pamlico County
1947 1954 1958 1962
Pamlico County 1,205,000 2,285,000 3�127,000 4,065,000
Percent Increase 89.6% 36.9% 30.0%
North Carolina 1,637,627,000 �,Q72,846,000 ,346,021,000 ,449,�6ZOOQO
Percent Increase 83.6% 41.4% 4814z
1966 1970 1974
Pamlico County 5,638,000 8,009,000 10,790,OOQ
Percent Increase. 38.7% 42.1% .34.7%
North Carolina 8,548,508,000 11,731,452,000 18,526,287;000
Percent Increase 32.5% 37.2% 57.9%
SOURCE: Profiles, North Carolina Counties
37

TABLE 1
.33
Pamlico Count-, 'trade Inventor.
Number of Taxable Total
Employees, Payrolls Reporting �
Mid -March Jan. -Mar. Units
Pay Period (1000)
966 1969 1973 1966 1969 1973 1966 1966 1.973
Agriculture Services
_
Forestry Fisheries
138
27
62
59
31
99
17
10
22
Fisheries
D
D
D
D
16
21
_
Contract Construction
21
47
78
17
45
84
5
12
15
Special Trade Con-
tractors
41
54
11
Manufacturing
161
247
292
73
124
225
14
16
15
Apparel & Other
Textile Prod.
D
D
1
Women's and
Misses' Outer-
wear
D
D
1
Women's and
Misses' Dresses
D
D
1
Trans, & Otehr Public
Utilities
42
52
D
38
53
D
6
8
7
Wholesale Trade
268
112
234
113
61
125
15
14
13
Groceries & Related
Production
239
96
214
92
40
96
10
10
8
Fish & Seafoods
D
1 96
214
DI
40
96
8
10
8
Retail Trade
98
94
171
71
87
140
32
30
28
Food Stores
23
20
10
Grocery Stores
23
20
10
Finance, Insurance, and
eal Estate
D
D
29
D
D
36
5
5
6
ervices
22
25
51
11
16
28
11
10
14
nclassified Establish-
ents
D
D
D
D
D
D
3
2
1
otal
800
623
944
405
436
765
108
107
121
SOURCE: North Carolina County Business Patterns
- ML..-

•
•
Natural Resources Related to the Economy
Pamlico County's natural resources may be catalogued as a
rich agricultural soil, timberland, commercial fishing, sport -
fishing and hunting, and vacation areas, a huge phosphate de-
posit within its borders or at least nearby and contiguous to
coastal waters.
Much of the soil needs ditches and large canals for drain-
age. When this is done it is very rich and level and well
adopted for mass production farming.. Some of the wasteland is
being adapted for timber by the large timber and pulpwood com-
panies such as Weyerhaeuser by ditches and canals. The land is
thoroughly cleared, drained, disced and planted with the desired.
species of trees much as any other crop would be planted. This
timber is hauled directly by truck to the sawmills or paper mills.
Commercial fishing consist of the taking of oysters and fish
in Pamlico Sound as well as some deep-sea fishing outside of Ocra-
coke Inlet. The main fishing ports are Oriental, Pamlico, Bayboro,-
Vandemere, Whortonsville, Hobukcen, and Lowland. The following is
a list of sea food processing companies in the County:
TABLE 14
Seafood Processing Companies
Name and Location Process or Product
Sound Packing Company
Whortonsville, N.C.
Bay Packing Company
Oriental, N.C.
Distributor of Fresh Seafood
Processing Crab Meat
.. Cj

•
0
TABLE 14
Seafood Processing Com a ies
Cont.
Name and Location Process or Product
Lowland Seafood Company Processing Crab beat & Oysters
Lowland, N.C.
Fulcher Crab Company
Oriental, N.C.
Henries Brothers
Bayboro, N.C.
Caroon Brothers Seafood
Lowland, N.C.
Pamlico Packing Company
Vandemere, N.C.
Bayboro Dehydrating
Bayboro, T.C.
Processing Crajb Meat
Processing Seafood
Processing Seafood
Seafood Processor and Packers
Manufacturer of Protein Meal
Sportfishing and hunting, in addition to fishing in the
Sound, consists of the hunting of wild ducks in the salt marshes
and also the shooting of some bear, deer, quail, marsh hens,
etc. The wildlife game refuge near Hobucken serves such purpose.
These fishermen and guides usually, practice subsister}ce'farming'
to carry over between seasons.
There are a number of vacation camps and cottages along the
north shore of the Neuse River near Minnesott Beach, Oriental,
and Janiero. The larger camps are Camp Seagull, and Camp Don Lee.
It is a quiet, scenic area to spend the summer and many Peop}e
come there for swimming, sailing and water skiing. A golf course
also provides activities for year-round users.
Many people come to Oriental year after year and some retire
thdre. The Inland Waterway passes Hobucken and Oriental and some
boats stop at the Marina in Oriental.
-so-
44

•
County/Fishl
Pamlico, Total
TABLE 15
FISH CATCH, BEAUFORT, CRAVEN, PAMLICO
COUNTIES, 1972, 1973
1972
Pounds Value
3.750.600
Shrimp 936,000
Flounders 857,600
Crabs, blue, hard 1,330,000
1973
Pounds Value
1,145,027
4,439,500
1,533,697
667,973
849,000
865,281
233,002
1,244,800
362,447
139,189
1,338,900
171,480
lThe three fish listed under county total are those with the largest
catch, Thus, the fish listing will not add to the county total.
SOURCE: U. S. Department of Commerce. National Marine Fisheries Service.
1974. Beaufort, North Carolina. (Unpublished data.)
0

L.
The phosphate mines in adjoining aeaufort County are develop-
ing into a tremendous industry, it is one of the richest deposits
inexistence and there are many othqr �ndystries that are related
to the uses of phosphate that could develop. One of the studies
for a deep water canal for Lees Creek tp the port of Morehead City
follows the Inland Waterway through Pamlico County. Such.a canal
overland would be easier to maintain than one across tho.,soun4 to
Ocracoke Inlet. Industries related to phosphates are the mangfaq-
ture of fertilizers, toothpaste( detergent and etc. Thts is a
similar situation to that of the port of Galveston with a deep see
canal leading to Houston, which began as a phosphate mining opprs-
tion. There are also ,urge deposits of phosphate under pArts of
Pamlico County.
Summary of Natural Resources:
1.. The Neuse River and Pamlico Sound with its spAfogd
industry, spgrtf�shing and areargatiola are 0 valu-
able asset to -the County,.
2 The rich agricultural soils azre the source of'much
of. the County's wealth and a r04dy $ouxge of am-
ployment which could be expanded.
3. Its woodlands and swamps are the source of mµch em-
ployment and money.
4. The phosphate mining operation, although not present-
ly in the County can afford emp;oyment and stimulate
other industry in the County. Tnexe are suitable de-
posits of phosphate in Pamlico County that can be
• operable at a later date,
The Inland Waterway and Oriental Marina.
Y

Commercial Timber CoMeaBies
There are a number of large.gompanaes who qwn land �A Pamltcq
County with the main plants operating in ne}ghboring counties as
in Craven and Beaufort.
Companies
Weyerhaeuser
Pamlico Timber
International Pape
Taylor
Total
Ownership in Pamlico Count
20,640.92 aqe
16036.00 acres
llllg0.07 acrqs
14,051.20 agres
62,148.19 Acres
These companies conduct proper forestry active.#ies.and pros
vide access to their landholdings for hunters and ct4er recreation.7
al activities.
In conjunction with the forpstlands apd the natural fp4tpres
of the County, recreational activities could be developed on a,
commercial basis. Huntir�q, fishing, and w0pr spgrts- have the
potential of drawing 'from Well outside county lines. The supply-
ing of facilities and services to vacationers, hunters and fishers
could become qne of Pamlico County's most productive businesses.
These forest lands are shown on the existing land use map.
Private and public recreation lands are shown on the existing land
use as well.
0
rJo-

Count
Pamlico
TABLE 16
COMIMERCIAL FORESTS BY OWNERSHIP AND VOLUME OF TIMBER
PAMLICO COUNTIES, 1964
Commercial Percent of County Ownership
Forest Land Land Area Private Public.
(acres) M (acres) (acres)
Volume
Sawtimber Growing Stoc
(mil. board feet) (thousand cor
140,400 64.3% 139,400 1,000 480
SOURCE: Knight, H. and J. McClure, 1966. North Carolina's timber. U.S. Forest Service Resource
Bulletin SE-5. Southeastern Forest Experiment Station. Asheville, North Carolina. 47 pp.
IV
2,040

Agricultural Economy
• The increased interest in industrial and commercial develop-
ment tends to over -shadow the agricultural segment of the economy.
However, agriculture is one of the ration's largest industries.
Although the trend is toward fewer workers because of mechaniza-
tion the income from farming will increase due to the necessity
to meet the nation's increasing need for food.
J
In addition to the farmer's direct support of the overall
economy by his own production, he supports other segments of the
economy through purchases of machinery, tractorsf equipment, fuel,
fertilizer, utility services, etc. Products from farms are
utilized in meat packing, fertilizer, cannery, textile, and other
industries.
North Carolina ranks high among the states in agricultural
employment and capacity being first in farm population, first in
flue cured tobacco, first in total tobacco production, first in
value of home consumption from crops and livestock, first in cash
receipts from farm forestry, first in sweet potato production and
fifth in cash farm income. In 1969 approximately 21.0 percent of
Pamlico County's 216,128 acres of land area was devoted to farm--
ing. Total cropland acreage represented 26,767 acres while har-
vested cropland represented 20,533 acres.
0

Number of Farms
County 1959 1964 1969
Damlico 466
North Carolina
TABLE 17
TRENDS IN AGRICULTURE
1959-1969
Total Land In Farms
Percent Change 1959 1969 Percent Change
1959 to 1969
330 286 -38.6%
190,567 119,386 -37.4%
61,781 45,466
15,887,724 12,733,751
-26.4%
-19.8
SOURCE: Stone, Paul S. 1974. The North Carolina Economy; changes in agriculture and nonfarm sectors,
1958-1970. The North Carolina Agricultural Extension Service, Raleigh, 83 pp.

Average Size of Farms in Pamlico County
• Year 1959 1964 1969
Size 132.6 acres 172.1 acres 158.9 acres
The number of farms in Baml�co County are -steadily decreas-
ing. However, in 1969 it is unusual to recognize that the aver-
age farm size decreased since 1964. It is assumed, however, that
present costs of production will place more and more pressures
for farm consolidation. It is evident that mechanization is play-
ing a more dominant role in farming and this means that former
unskilled farm labor will need retaining and other job opportuni-
ties.
In 1969 there appears to be a downward trend in agriculture
even though the trend is slight. Money from total farm products
sold was down from 3,787,850 in 1964 to 3,714,163 in 1969. Crop
production suffered the sharpest decline with forest production,
livestock and poultry production showing minimal gains. This
decrease in production is caused by the reduction in farm land
from 56,789 acres in 1964 to 45,446 acres in 1969. It is a little
unusual that farm size as well as total farm acreage is decreasing
in a rural county such as Pamlico. However, this 1969 slump re-
versed itself and by 1973 croplands and estimated farm income were
on the increase.
Productive agricultural lands are shown on the existing land
use map.

TALE 18
Agricultural Economic Trends in Pamlico
Count
•
1964
1.969 .
Total farm products sold
$3,787,850
3,714,163
Average Sold Per Farm
11.478
12,986
Crops including nursery
products and hay
2,944,458
2,567,576
Forest products
36,426
47,885
Livestock, poultry, and
their products
806,821
1,098,702
TABLE 19
Pamlico County
Farm Acreage and Income
Year Acres
of Harvested
Estimated Farm
& Idle Cropland
Income
1963
29,455
$4,907,847
1964
30,779
5,346,744
1965
30,785
5,047,636
1966
31,007
4,549,204
1967
31,886
5,226,195
1968.
31,012
5,330,478
1969
29,897
5,529,000
1970
29,752
5,668,671
1971
33,553
5,021,454
1972
32,526
5,817,000
1973
N/A
8,786,000
,-t

•
TABLE 20
ACRES DEVOTED TO MAJOR "CROPS* , YIELD PER ACRE, AND VALUE OF PRODUCTION
PAMLICO COUNTY, 1972
Corn for Grain 17 Soybeans _ Tobacco
Acres Bushels Value Acres Bushels Value Acres Pounds Value
l
County Harvested Per Acre (million $) Harvested Per Acre (million $) Harvested Per Acre (million$)
Pamlico 6,400 90.0 0.8 16,500 28.0 1.9 605 1,965 1.0
North
Carolina 1,280,000 80.0 $151.6 1,165,000 25.0 120.2 339,700 2,003 580.9
1Value of crop production is not equivalent to "cash receipts from farm marketing"
SOURCE: North Carolina Department of Agriculture, 1974. North Carolina Agricultural Statistics, 1973-74
Annual. Prepared in cooperation with U. S. Department of Agriculture. Raleigh, 72 pp.

e
Is
TABLE 21
FARM INCOME: CASH RECEIPTS FROM FARM TiARKETINGS
AND GOVERNMENT PAYMENTS
PAMLICO COUNTY, 19721
Livestock and Government
Count Crops Livestock Products Payments Total
Pamlico 4,526,000 986,000 305,000 5,817,000
O
1Figures are preliminary
SOURCE: North Carolina Department of Agriculture, 1974 North Carolina
agricultural statistics, 1973-74 annual. Prepared iri cooperation
with U. S. Department of Agriculture. Raleigh. 72 pp.
-W-

n
U
0
EXISTING LAND USE
Introduction
(.
In order to make proposals and projections for future land
use it is first necessary to analyze existing land use patterns
in an effort to perceive attributes or problems as they now ex-
ist. In the analysis of existing land use a number of techniques
were used. The windshield survey was of prime importance in
gathering needed data along with the use of aerial photos, tax
maps and records, and a variety of census data. The mapping of
existing land use was completed in April of 1975 and the land use
was recorded using the following categories and color codes.
Category
Urban and Built -Up
Residential
Commercial
Industrial
Transportation, Communication
and Utilities
Government and Institutional
Cultural, Entertainment and
Recreation
Undeveloped Land
Agriculture
Forest Lands
Water
Wetlands
Barren
Color Code
Yellow
Red
Violet
Gray
Dark Blue
Green
White
Brown Hatched
Green Hatched
Light Blue
Light Blue Hatched
Brown
A complete set of maps at the scale of 1:400 was completed
showing the land use in great detail. This was also transferred
to U.S.G.S. maps at the scale of 1:24,000. A depiction of the
County's existing land use is located at the county courthouse
for review by any citizen. For the purposes of this text a smaller
-10-
Sl

copy of the existing land use is included for reference.
• In an effort to better analyze Pamlico County's land use
patterns as they presently exist each township will be discussed
as to the types of land use for that township separately and as
a part of the County.
Pamlico County consists of five townships. The total acre-
age of the County is 364,400 with 151,000 acres being water and
213,400 being land. The major categories composing the 213,400
acres are: forestry 157,600, crops and pasture 33,500, and urban-
ized 2,900. Though Pamlico County does not have any urban area
within the County's boundaries there are a number of small towns
and villages. There are thirteen small towns ranging from 665
people in Bayboro to 43 people in Minnesott Beach in 1970. The
majority of urban oriented land use is clustered around the com-
munities or stripped along Pamlico's primary highways between com-
munities. There are 3,585 dwelling units in Pamlico County of which
509 are mobile homes. Also 623 seasonal dwelling units are scat-
tered throughout the County.
Pamlico County is primarily a rural County with the majority
of its land in production. Pamlico County depends primarily on
agriculture, forestry and fishing as is evident by the percentage
of land use equated with these activities. Pamlico County has a
great deal of fragile land due to its large amount of shoreline
and the lack of appreciable elevation throughout the County.
Pamlico County has approximately 263 miles of primary and
secondary roads which provide fair accessibility to.1the clusters

of population. The highest average daily traffic count in ]Pamlico
County is on Highway 55 between Grantsboro apd Alliance. This
average daily count in 1974 stands at 4,000.
The lack of north -south transportation has "haunted" the
peninsula on which Pamlico County is located since the transition
from water transportation to vehicular transportation. This fact
continues -to -be a major "stumbling block" in the development of
the County and the utilization of the County's assets. The mat-
ter overshadows any other transportation problem in the County
to such an extent that it is the only major matter covered in the
thoroughfare plan. The system of roads is one of many factors
which directly affects the development of urban type development
in an area.
TABLE 22
Existing Land Use
Land Use Acres Percent
Forestry 157,600 94.0
Crops and Pasture 33,500 15.7
Urban & Built -Up 2,900 1.4
Marshland 19,000 8.9
Total 213,000 100.0
Township No. 1
Township One is the western most township in Pamlico County
and therefore the closest township to an urban center, New Bern.
The Township extends from the northern to the southern limits of
• the County with the northern portion being forested pocosin.
or 5J

Scattered agricultural and residential development occurs south
of Highway 55 with urban type uses located predominantly in the
• two nodes in the County, Grantsboro and Reelsboro. Township One
has 763 permanent structure homes of which 124 are seasonal. Also
there are 141 mobile homes of which 15 are seasonal units. Ken-
nels Beach has the highest intensity seasonal population in the
County. The Township has a fair network of roads with two ar-
teries, Highway 55 and 306 and secondary roads south of Highway
55. Most of the residential development occurs along the major
highways and along the Neuse River in the southern portion of the
County.
Township No. 2
Township Two extends from the center of Pamlico County to
the Pamlico Sound at the eastern limits of the County. The west-
ern half of the Township is forested pocosin and the eastern por-
tion along the sound is marshland. There is scattered agricultur-
al activity among the four major communities of Township Two,
Stonewall, Pamlico, Whortensville, Florence and Merritt. The net-
work of highways in the Township is not very extensive and serves
primarily the area around Stonewall and to the south and east. Re-
sidential development is concentrated mainly around Stonewall with
other scattered locations. Township Two has 395 permanent struc-
tured homes of which 71 are seasonal. There are 78 mobile homes
and 25 of these are seasonal units.
Township No. 3
Township Three is located in the north central portion of the
• County and contains the county seat, Bayboro and three other nodes,
5CE

Vandemere, Mesic, and Alliance. Alliance and Bayboro have gener-
ally continguous boundaries and are stripped along most of the
western portion of Highway 55 within the Township. These areas
provide -the majority of the commercial areas for not only the
Township but for the entire County. This is also the primary
area of governmental activity within the County since Bayboro is
the county seat.
Approximately two-thirds of the land area of the Township
is forested pocosin in the northern part of the Township shift-
ing to agriculture to the south and finally developed .and alone to
southern most area of the Township. The road system in the Town-
ship is good immediately north and south of Highway $5 with al-
most a total absence of state maintained roads in the northern
reachres of the Township. Naturally,,residential development is
located along the major road network concentrating in the four
nodal areas. There are 775 permanent Structure homey of which 39
are seasonal. Township Three has 92 mobile homes with six of
these being seasonal units.
Township No. 4
Township Four is located in the northeastern corner of the
County and is the most isolated of the townships, the majority
being located on Goose Creek Island. A portion of the Township
is included in Goose Greek Wildlife Management Area in the west
bounding the intercoastal waterway on both sides. Approximately
one-third of the Township, along its eastern boundary, is marsh-
land. The Township has two minor nodes, Hobucken and Lowland in
which most of the urban type development,including residential
53
�" Y

development occurs. Township Four has 261 permanent structured
homes and 17 of these are seasonal. Also there are 41 mobile
homes of which 10 are seasonal. The road system in the Township
is poor due to the general lack of access and quality of the
living environment in the Township and thereby lack of population.
Township No. 5
Township Five is located in the southeastern portion of the
County and has a long shoreline of high banks on the Neuse River.
The Township has some forestlands and a fairly large percentage
of agriculture. The Township has a fairly good system of roads,
and development has occurred around the three nodes in the Town-
ship, Oriental, Minnesott Beach, and Arapahoe. The Township has
the highest concentration of seasonal residences in the County.
There are 88 permanent structured dwelling units of which 239
are seasonal. Also there are 157 mobile homes and 77 of these
are seasonal units. The Township has an extensive waterfront
with high bluffs and beaches.
0 -,ft-.
J_C.

ANALYSIS
T
One significant compatibility problem is that of the'f�sh
r
houses practice, of disposing their waste back into the estua-
rine waters. Another significant problem is agricultural run
off from fields and pastures into estuarine waters.
Possibly the largest possible compatibility problem is the
estuarine pollution from waterfront development.
Estuarine pollution would be highly incompatible with corq-
mercial as well as sports fishing.
Hopefully, with the existing sudivision regulations, stren-
gent septic tanks regulating and zoning regulations problems
with unplanned development will not continue in Pamlico County
and there will be no implications for future land use.
The only area in the next ten-year planning period expected
to experience a major land use change will be the Bayboro, Al-
liance, and possibly Stonewall area because they will have water
and sewer community facilities designating their land use into
the transition category. Phosphate mining will probably not take
place in the next ten years.
n
LJ

CURRENT PLANS, POLICIES, AND REGULATIONS
Local, State, and Federal Regulations, Plans and Policies
Pamlico County has a variety of local ordinances, plans, and
codes as well as being subject to State and Federal regulations.
Endorcement of these codes is handled by county; state, and fed-
eral authorities depending on the type and origin of the regu-
lations.
Plans & Policies
The following plans�and`policies will be discussed in re-
lationship to Pamlico County:
a. transportation
b. community facilities plan
c. utilities extension policies
d. open space policies
e. recreation policies
f. prior land use plan
g. prior land use policies
A) A thorough fare plan for Pamlico County was adopted by
Pamlico County, February 1971. It was adopted by the
North Carolina State Highway Commission, May,1971. The
thoroughfare plan shows existing and proposed minor col-
lector roads.
B) A water and sewer plan has been prepared for Pamlico
County by Paul M. Van Camp Associates, Inc,(1968).
This plan discusses the needs of the communities in
the County as well as the cost of the proposed facil-
ities. Since this plan has been completed, Bayboro
and surrounding areas have beep placed in a 201 planning
area for which needs and cost of the waste/water facil-
ities treatment will be discussed when its plan is
completed.
C) No utilities extension policies exist for the County
at present.
D) There are no open space policies in Pamlico County.
E) There are no recreation policies.
F) A land development plan was completed for Pamlico County
by the Division of Community Planning in August, 1969.
i

•
•
This plan was the culmination of two other plans
done previously by the Division of Community Assistance.
These plans were the Land Potential Study, and Economic
Potential Study. (July, 1969) A community facilities
plan based on all the previous plans done by DNER, Di-
vision of Community Assistance, was completed in February,
1970.
G. Prior land use policies are covered by the county pub -
division and zoning ordinance.
Local Regulations
A. Zoning Ordinance: A zoning ordinance for Pamlico County
was adopted July 13, 1970. Those towns in the County
may come under the zoning ordinance if they desire. At
this time Oriental, Vandemere, and Stonewall adhere to
the count- Toning ordinance. The county zoning admini-�
strator enforces the zoning ordinance where it is in
effect.
B. Subdivision Regulations: The Board of County Commipsion-
ers approved the county subdivision regulations with an
effective date of December 3, 1973 in accordance with the
provisions of North Carolina General Statutes Chapter 153,
Article 20A. -The subdivision administrator enforces the
subdivision ordinance for the planning board and county
commissioners.
C. Floodway Ordinance: There is no floodway ordinance in
effect, however, the County complies with the regulations
of the.National Flood Insurance Program.'
North Carolina is one of the few states in the nation that
has and enforces a statewide series of construction codes. Bpild-
ing, plumbing, heating and air conditioning, electrical copstruq-
tion, repair and alteration must conform to these State codes.
These codes are applicable throughout the State at the time of
their adoption by the State Building Codes Council. Every new or
substantially repaired or altered building must be constructed or
repaired in accordance with these codes. Any unit of local gov-
ernment may enforce either the State Building Code or any similar
and equally strict building code.
99
9W

Pamlico County enforces the North Carolina State Building,
Electrical, and Plumbing Codes, The County employs a building
inspector, an electrical inspector, and utilizes the Pamlico Coun-
ty Health Department to conduct plumbing inspections. The County
building and electrical inspectors are responsible for inspections
within several incorporated areas as well as the unincorporated
portion of the County. Building, electrical and plumbing inspec-
tions are conducted not only in the unincorporated areas of the
County but also within the town boundaries of the eight incorpor-
ated towns of Pamlico County.
Federal & State Regulations
Septic Tank Regulations
Local Regulations; Primary responsibility for inspection and
approval of septic tank system has traditionally belonged to local
health departments(which in North Carolina.may be organized on a
county or district basis), their boards being authorized under G.S..
130-17(b) to adopt rules and regulations necessary to protect and
advance the public health. The rules and regulations of the local
health department may be no less stringent than the minimum require-
ments of the rules and regulations promulgated by the Commission
for Health Services. Where a peculiar local condition or circum-
stance exists (or in an emergency situation), local health depart-
ment regulations may be more stringent than those of the Commission,
Because of the peculiar physical conditions and characteristics
which make conventional septic tanks unsuitable in many areas of
the coast, the local septic tank ordinance of Pamlico County is
more stringent than the existing rules of the Commission for Health
Services. A copy of said ordinance is found in the appendix.
-$V-

There are no historic district regulations, nuisa4ce regula-
tions, dune protection ordinances, sedimentation codes, or environ-
mental impact.statement ordinancep enforced by the County.
Within the past few years, the.Federal and State Governments
have become involved in the e4vironmenta� aspects of lapd planning.
As the impact of ppor land development praptice becomes pressing,
the Federal and State Governments have been called upon to take
corrective measures. The result has been that new legislation,
aimed at preventing these costly development errors, has beer}
adopted. Although these laws are enacted at other levels, the en-
forcement provisions generally are left to the local government
with sanctions against nonenforcement.
The State and Federal Governments have numerous regulations
either directly or indirectly related to land use.
North Carolina State Regulations
- Coastal Area Management Act
- Air Pollution Controls
T Regulation on Open Burning
Water Quality Management
-*,Septic Tank Regulations
- Water Capacity Use Areas
- Well Construction Regulations
and Standards
- Dredge and kill
Fisheries . Regulatimns
• - Sediment Control Regulations
- Mining Regulations
- Soil & Water Conservation Regulations
-do-

Federal Regulations
• - Environmental Protection Agency Regulations
Federal Flood Insurange Regulations
In Pamlico County these regulations are enforced jointly
by Federal, State, and Local agencies. The County health De-
partment and the North Carolina Department of Natural and Econo-
mic Resources conducts enforcement of the State Regulations while
Federal and County authorities have the responsibility for the
enforcement of Federal Regulations.
Septic -Tank Regulations*
State Regulation: North Carolina law relating to septic
tanks is found primarily in two areas,,generally in the.state
statutes relating to public health found in Chapter 130 of the
General Statutes and more rpecifically.in the Ground Absorption
Sewage Disposal Systems Act of 1973 (G.S. 130--166t22 et.seq.)
Regulatory authority over septic tanks is divided at the state
level between the Commission for Health Services in the Department
of Human Resources and the Environmental Management Commission
within the Department of Natural and Economic Resources, G.S.
130-160 requires that any residence, place of business, or place
of public assembly in North Carolina be provided with a sanitary
system of sewage disposal consisting of an approved privy, an
approved septic tank system, or a connection to a public or com-
munity sewage system. The statute provides that septic tank sys-
tems of a design capacity up to 3,000 gallons per day which have
underground effluent disposal (e.g. that do not discharge directly
• to surface waters) shall be approved under rules and regulations

promulgated by the Commission for Health Services. Systems lar-
•
g er than 3,000 gallons per day which discharge underground and
systems of any size which discharge to the surface waters of the
state must comply with the rules and regulations of the Envlron-
mental Management Commission.
In an effort to achieve consistency and uniformity in the
regulations pertaining to septic tank sewage disposal systems,
to reduce jurisdictional confusion of conflict, and to providp
more specific criter*a for the approval, location, and function-
ing of septic tank systems, the technical staffs of the Divisions
of Health Services and gnvironmental Management jointly developed
new "Rules and Regulations Governing the Disposal of Sewage from
any Residence, Place or Business or Place of Public Assembly in
North Carolina."
The new Rules and Regulations, having been jointly developed
by both environmental and Sanitary engineers, are much more.
thorough and comprehensive than the existing Health Services Com-'
mission's regulations (adopted by the State Board of Health in
1958 and twice amended), and hence provide more adequate standards
for the regulation of septic tanks. Under the new Regulations
the suitability of a site for the use of septic tanks is to be
determined based upon the topography, the soil characteristics
(texture, structure, depth, restrictive horizons, and drainage),
the groundwater elevatipn, the depth to impervious strata,.and
percolation tests. The investigation into site suitability is.
made in accordance with a "Technical Guide" which is incorporated
into the Regulations. The new Regulations also contain criteria
_400-
43
40

for determining the proper location of septic tank systems and.
• specify minimum setback distances from water supplies, streams
and canals, shellfish waters, reservoirs, neighboring property
lines, and other things affecting or affected by -septic tank
systems.
The new Rules and Regulations were adopted by the Commission
for Health Services in May of 1975, and by the Environmental
Management Commission in September of 1975.. However, after re-
ceiving adverse public comments concerning the new Regulations,'
the Commission for Health Services on December 10, 1975, post-
poned indefinitely the effective date of the Regulations, thus
preventing their implementatign.
• -84P.-
'VT

0
III. PU$LIP PARTICIPATION
ACTIVITIES

Land Use Issues
A major land use issue in Pamlico County is a decline in
• population where the citizens desire more residential, commercial
and industrial growth for their county and municipalities.
Population projections for Pamlico County prepared by the
North Carolina Department of Administration using past trends,
births, deaths, and net migration indicate that Pamlico County
will continue to decrease in year-roµnd population. The fact
that Pamlico County is decreasing in population is significant,
hwoever, not as important as the segement of the population that
is being lost. As the young people of Pamlico County migrate to
other areas in search of jobs the older segment of the population
is left behind. With the removal of potential birth as women of
childbearing age move away and the increasing birth rate as the
median and average of the population rises,.Pamlico County can
only expect the downward trend to accelerate. Population trends
were made for 5, 10, 25, and 50 years. It is recognized that as
projections are made further in the future their reliability is
reduced.
The downward population trend for Pamlico. County is rever-
sible if the citizens of the County are willing to make certain
sacrifices. An all-out effort by both the citizens and the elect-
ed officials is necessary in order to improve the cultural, social
and economic climate of the County. Pamlico County has character-
istics such as climate,,water access, woodlands etc. which are
attractive to not only Pamlico residents but residents of other
• areas as well. In order to stimulate growth Pamlico County must
be prepared to exploit its attributes to the extent that put-migra-
G6

tion ceases and in -migration begins.
There are also several major obstacles to sustain growth
such as poor soils for septic tanks, lack of sufficient access
to the County, high water table and a considerable flood plain.
It is necessary to recognize that these and other land use issues
exist and will be discussed further in this section. however,
it is also necessary to recognize that there wil,l'be a price to
pay for future growth both monetarily and by the sharing of the
amenities in Pamlico County'. If the citizens and local govern-
ment are truly willing to make these sacrifices, then the present
downward trend in population could be reversed.
The population projections were based on the permanent re-
sidents of the County and did not inglude its summer residents.
Therefore, the capability of the land to sustain growth is the
most important factor when considering land for future develop-
ment. Soils are probably the most important natural feature to
consider in determining the best use of the land. Soil. Character-
istics such as percolation rate, shrink swell ratio, loan bearing
potential, drainage, and slope obviously determine and affect the
use and management of land.
Most of the soils in Pamlico County present moderate to
severe limitations for most uses. As a result, careful attention
must be exercised in selected areas of the County for future de-
velopment.
• Pamlico County has a great deal of fragile land and water
resources due to its large amount of shoreline and the lack of
V

appreciable elevation throughout the County. If these water re-
• sources are to be preserved careful attention must be given to
the way they are used. The water duality must be monitored,
ever watchful of sewage contamination from encroaching develop-
ment. Present stream classifications must not be allowed to
deteriorate. Those areas without the natural capability or
where no facilities have been planned to service growth should
be preserved.
Pamlico County's economy is based on agriculture, forestry,
and fishing The economy is also stimulated by tourists and
vacationers attracted by the natural recreational resources of
the County.
Phosphate mining will become an increasingly important land
use and economic issue. Mining companies have rights to large
amounts of land in the northwestern section of the County. Sper-
cial attention must be given toward the compatibility of mining
with other land uses as well, as the environment.
A total of 56 single family dwelling units were built in
1975 opposed to 26 in 1974. Also 160 mobile homes were installed
in 1975 a opposed to 74 in 1974. Although population projections
are declining, because of a high inglux`,of mobile homes in the
County, dwelling units are deteriorating at a higher than normal
rate. There was an estimated 900 deteriorating units in the
County in 1970. This was 25% of the 3,585 dwelling units in the
County. Of the 3,585 dwelling units only-89.are vacant,for sale
or for rent, There are no public housing units in the County.
•
The average cost per dwelling built in 1975 was $26,286.
-i-
(g

•
This is beyond the means of most.residents in the market for a home.
There is a need for lower cost hou4ng units. Funds should
be sought to initiate a housing program for lower and moderate
income residents. An alternative would be the encouragement of
more multi -family dwelling units.
Public water and sewer systems are madly needed services in
Pamlico County. The need arises not so much from increasing
levels of population but rather from potential health problems
due to soil characteristics in relation to septic tanks and the
general quality of water.
Bayboro and Oriental are both developing municipal water
systems. A private water system operates in Minnesott Beach.
These systems are much needed as is a complete system for the
County in order to provide a potable source of drinking water.
The Environmental Protection Agency has set aside funds for
the planning and construction of a sewerage plant or plants in
the Bayboro 201 planning area. However, estuary pollution will
still be a problem in waterfront development areas. These areas
should be required to have at least package plants or as an al-
ternative must have larger and deeper lots with septic tanks
placed farthest away from the water.
There has been discussion of rerouting Highway 17 to empha-
size the water and scenic resources of North Carolina.
• Pamlico County's main barrier to growth is attributed to
its lack of good access to the County especially from the north
(off

and south. This problem could be alleviated with bridges spanning
the Neuse River at Minnesott Beach and the Pamlico River at Aurora.
Since there has been discussion of rerouting Highway 17 in favor
of a more scenic route, the citizens and county officials may ac-
quire outside help in the pursuit of this goal.
The conservation of productive natural resources which include
agricultural lands, phosphate deposits, forest lands, wildlife, and
marine life, is a major land use issue which will require more than
top governmental standards and policies to insure the safety of
these resources. The wise use of these resources should be stressed
not only to students in the classroom but to all segments of the
public for the involvement of all citizens will be necessary if the
County's productive natural resources are to be preserved.
Again the preservation of natural environments will involve
the co-operation of the general public with the agencies charged
with their protection. Unfortunately, the total importance of
forests, rivers, sounds, marshes, and estuaries is realized only
after their decimation.
Alternatives
Alternatives considered in the development of the goals of
Pamlico County would have been the suggestion that Pamlico County
not be encouraged to seek a slow growth or even retain present
population. This is really about the only realistic alternative
the County had. However, it is an alternative not desired by the
majority of the residents of Pamlico County.
• These nine goals are a product of inputs from the public,
-r-
90 .

• elected and appointed officials, and professional staff and are
considered important to improving the living environment of Pam-
lico County.
Goals and Objectives
The objective of this plan is to provide a management system
to provide for the protection of those irreplaceable resources of
Pamlico while providing an improved quality of living for all
county residents. The goals and objectives discussed herein re-
flect the desires and needs of the citizens of Pamlico County.
Several of the following goals and objectives include areas of
concern not specifically addressed in the plan; however, they
must be considered and have to be successfully dealt with if the
recommendations in this plan are to be achieved.
Employment
Goal: To provide adequate employment opportunities and
prevent further out -migration of young adults from
Pamlico County.
Objectives: To provide for necessary incentives to retain the
young residents of Pamlico County reversing the pre-
sent out -migration trends through the following
policies:
-- To encourage employment opportunities by promoting
the location of select and compatible industry.
-- To provide water and sewer service to specific lo-
cations that 'are desirable for industrial location.
• -- To promote education and trade skills to enhance
employment opportunities.

Road System
• Goal: To provide an adequate transportation system in
Pamlico County.
Objectives: To encourage the bridging of the Neuse River from
a point near Kinnesott Beach to a point east.of
Cherry Point.Marine Air Station. Also encouraged
is a second bridge across the Pamlico River from
Bayview on the north shore and Texas Gulf Sulphur's
Plant on the south shore, connecting the access to
N.C. 306.
-- To work closely with the Department of Transpprta-
tion to secure the inclusion on the state's seven
year plan for the bridging of the Neuse and Pamlico
Rivers.
-- To enforce the subdivision regulations and insure
that adequately designed roads are developed.
Water and Sewer
Goal: To encourage installation of public water supply and
sewage disposal systems and to discourage use of in-
dividual septic tanks where soils and the water table
make such use unfeasible. These areas should be
those of high density areas posing the greatest
threat to health and environment.
Objectives: To assess the heeds of the County and assign priori-
ties to areas most in need of these services.
-- To seek financing where possible through grants for
installation of the system.
•

- To provide an equitable method of managing the sys-
tem either through existing management capabilities
or through a system to be established.
Industrial Development
Goal: To encourage selective industries to locate within
Pamlico County.
Objectives: To encourage a healthy industrial location program.
-- To provide special incentives for industries to lo-
cate within the County.
-- To provide public services and utilities in areas
suitable and desirable for such development.
-- To restrict industrial development to only those
that would definitely not be detrimental to the.
environment and quality of life.
Land Use Controls
Goal: To protect Pamlico County from future mixing of incom-
patible land uses.
Objectives: To define the needs of Pamlico County.
-- To establish desired trends that are necessary to
meet the needs of Pamlico County.
-- To use existing and innovative techniques to esta-
blish and strengthen prescribed trends to meet the
overall goals of the County.
-- To utilize present land use regulation including
zoning
, subdivision regulations, and building codes
• when desirable and necessary to promote the general
health, safety, and welfare of the citizens.
7-3

Recreation
• Goal: To increase recreational opportunities for all age
groups within the County.
Objectives: To examine, view, and evaluate the existing recrea-
tion program and facilities.
-- To continue to support the present recreation program.
-- To attempt to secure state and federal grants for
special recreation projects.
-- To make the most practical use of the resources -
available to Pamlico County, i.e. water resources.
-- To review the subdivision regulations and investi-
gate means of increasing the availability of park
facilities and open spaces in planned subdivisions.
Agricultural and Forestry Production
Goal: To protect and promote the utilization of desirable
agricultural and forestry lands.
Objectives: To identify prime production areas.
-- To maintain the productive capabilities of these
lands through tax incentives and other programs fav-
oring agricultural production.
-- To identify prime agricultural and rural areas and
classify them for inclusion in this plan.
-- To develop regulations or a system for protecting
prime agricultural and forestry areas.
Marine Habitat Protection
Goal: To protect shellfish and other marine habitat from
• man -instigated pollution.

it
Objectives: To identify prime productive areas.
-- To take those steps necessary to prevent the dis-
truction of the areas, through codes and education.
-- To insure that land development is not allowed that
would contribute to pollution and contamination of
marine resource areas.
Wildlife
Goal: To provide for the proper management of wildlife
areas and the preservation of certain species of
wildlife within the County.
Objectives: To assess existing wildlife populations and develop
management methods.
-- To work closely with private landowner and wildlife
concerns for the protection of this valuable resource.
-- To prevent the encroachment of development into
natural prime wildlife areas.
•

Process to Determine Objectives
• The process to determine objectives, policies, and standards
consisted of first determining what the needs and desires of the
citizens were. This was done by reviewing the questionnaires and
utilizing the inputs of the Board of County Commissioners, the
Planning Board, and the Advisory Board. After these desires were
made known reflective goals were derived. Objectives and policies
for obtaining these goals were then established at this point.
The existing local standards such as those found in the zoning
ordinance, subdivision regulation ordinance,building code, and
health department ordinance satisfied the citizens but these
standards are being constantly reviewed to maintain a safe, healthy
environment.
Methods and Results of Public Participation
The Planning Department for the Neuse River Council of Govern-
ments has from the onset of the Coastal Area Management Act attempt-
ed to comply with the requirements of the Act and the Coastal Re-
sources Commission. The Coastal Resources Commission has stressed
repeatedly the importance of Public Participation in the planning
process. In the preparation of the Land Development Plan for Pam-
lico County the staff of the Neuse River Council of Governments
has used every means practical to secure the total involvement of
the residents of Pamlico County.
A number of methods were employed in order to attempt to in-
volve the citizens of Pamlico County in the planning of the Land
Development Plan. A fifteen person Advisory Board was formed in-
corporating a cross section of Pamlico County citizens. This
-s-
%6

• board and the planning staff advised them on matters relating to
the desires of the public which should be incorporated into the
plan. A special effort has also been made to keep the Pamlico
County Planning Board and the Board of County Commissioners in-
formed as to the progress of the plan and to solicit their input.
Another method of involving the public in the plan was the
use of public meetings which were held throughout the County.
These meetings provided direct contact with the public and allowed
for direct exchange of ideas.
The local newspaper, television, and radio stations which
serve the County were relied upon a great deal to advertise the
Coastal Area Management Act and the progress that was being made
in developing the required Land Development Plan. A questionnaire
was published in the local papers and distributed throughout the
County. The county schools also were used as a method of distri-
bution. A copy of this questionnaire can be found on page 66.
Input was received through the use of "Drop Boxes" distributed to
various locations in the County. The method of using the local
news media provided some input; however, possibly more important,
they provided information and gave the citizens the opportunity to
voice their opinions.
The methods of providing public information and obtaining
public input for the plan are felt to be the best methods avail-
able given the time and money constraints and the distribution
of population in Pamlico County.
•
The degree of public participation in the formulation of the
77

land use plan was quite good considering a present population of
• approximately 9,500.
The following is a copy of the questionnaire with the tallied
responses under each question and also a verbal summary of the
questionnaire. A total of four hundred fourteen questionnaires
were returned.
0 -Ib-
Ki

• LAND DEVEI,OPMLETIT POLICIES AND GOALS
1. Is your home located on a lot larger than 20,000 square feet?
(Approximately acre)
231 Yes 93 No
i
2. Do you have your own well?
i
278 Yes S5 No
3. Do you have your own individual septic tank?
286 Yes 48 No
4. Are you satisfied with the quality of water?
306 Yes 102 No
5! Have you had any prob.ler's with your septic tank?
89 Yes 278 No
6. Are you generally satisfied with the way your neighborhood has
developed?
252 Yes 123 No
7. Do you own commercial or industrial property in this township?
143 Yes 268 No
8. Do you feel that different types of land uses such as residential,
commercial, and industrial should be 193 (A) separated as much
as possible or 138 (B) allowed to develop unrestricted?
9. Do you feel your neighborhood has adequate recreational facilities?
145 Yes 247 No
If not, what type would you like to see developed?
10. Do you want additional residential growth in your neighborhood?
239 Yes 135 No
Industrial growth? 197 Yes 143 No
Commercial grooth?. 193 Yes 132 No

11. Are the roads and streets adequate in your neighborhood?
• 166 Yes 140 No
If not, what are the major problems?
•
12.' Do you feel the county should strive to increase the health pro-
grams and services?
254 Yes 39 No
Educational programs and services?
266 Yes 22 No
13. Do you like your county and neighborhood as it is now?
215 Yes 154 No
What do you want changed?
What should be protected or maintained?
14. Do you feel air pollution is a problem in the area?
49 Yes 242 No
Water-estaurine pollution? 88 Yes 98 No
15. Are you in favor of protecting historical areas, wildlife areas,
and similiar ecological systems such as marshlands and shellfish
areas?
318 Yes 40 No
16. Would you rather 128 (A) limit growth or172 (S) promote the
development of additional services such as public water and sewer
systems in areas where development could not take place without
such services?
17. Additional conunents
W

• R STIONNAIRE SWMARY
•
Generally citizens of all townships are satisfied with septic
tank performance and water quality. Township III residents are
less satisfied, however, with their septic tanks and particularly
water than the rest.
Citizens of all townships are generally satisfied with the
way their neighborhood and county has developed with the excep-
tion of Township III residents. Additional comments from these
residents were that they desired more selective industry, better
streets, and water and sewer facilities.
Residents throughout the county feel their neighborhoods
are lacking recreational facilities. Townships III and V residents
are more overwhelmingly in favor of industrial growth than the
other townships. This is not surprising because these two.town-
ships comprise the largest cormnunities and have the largest
population densities. All townships are in favor of greater
• residential and commercial growth. They would rather install
community facilities (i.e. water and sewer systems) in areas
where development couldn't take place without such services than
limit growth.
Pamlico County's inhabitants are deeply aware of their na-
tural resources and are strongly in favor of protecting environ-
mentally sensitive, historical, and wildlife areas.
?/ dd&

•
•
IV. CONSTRAINTS
AM-
p-
im

Land'Potential
Physical Limitations
Man -Made Hazard Area
There are two man-made hazard areas in Pamlico County. These
two areas, Pamlico Point and Maw Point are bombing target areas
for the U.S. Marine Corps Air Station at Cherry Point in Craven
County.
Natural Hazard Areas
Pamlico has two major categories of hazard areas within the
County. These two categories are areas of excessive erosion and
coastal flood plains. Although these are the only two categories
of hazard areas found in Pamlico County they are very extensive
and effect a major part of the County.
Excessive Erosion Areas -
These areas are defined as the
land area extending from the mainland -water interface, landward
to a prediction line indicating the probable shoreline 100 years
hence. Development within these areas are subject to the damaging
process of Erosion unless special development standards and pre-
ventive measures are employed. The objective of these special
development standards will be to insure that development occurring
within the 100-year erodibility line is compatible with the dyna-
mic nature of the erodible lands thus minimizing the likelihood of
significant loss of property.
Pamlico County has 348 miles of bay and estuary shoreline
and no ocean shoreline. The 348 miles is further divided into
beach shoreline with 51 miles and non -beach shoreline with 297

9 miles. There are 30 miles of critical and 24 miles of non -cri-
tical erosive shorelines. The remaining 294 miles is classified
as non -eroding shoreline.
The vast majority of the 348 miles of shoreline is undeveloped.
There are only two miles classified as public recreation, ten
miles of private recreation, 24 miles of non -recreational develop-
ment and the remaining 31� miles as.undeveloped.
The areas subject to erosion in Pamlico County are limited
to the shoreline of the Neuse River and portions of creeks and
streams extending southeast from Kennels Beach around Wilkinson
Point then northeast to a point approximately halfway between
Janiero and Oriental, then continuing from a point just west of
Coddle Creek to a point just west of Broad Creek. The positions
of the shoreline from Wilkinson Point northeast are generally low
and also subject to flooding while the shoreline southwest of the
Wilkinson Point area are high banked shorelines dropping off
sharply where the land meets the water.
Coastal Flood Plains - Coastal flood plains are defined as
the land areas adjacent to coastal sounds, estuaries or the ocean
which are prone to flooding from storms with an annual probability
of one percent or greater (100 year storm). These areas are
analogous to the 100 year flood plain on a river. They are sub-
ject to wave action as well as flooding during severe storms or
hurricanes. These are lands where uncontrolled, incompatible, or
• improperly designed buildings, structures, facilities, and de-
velopment can unreasonable endanger life and property. Generally

these areas are not subject to severe erosion or dynamic action
0 unless they lie directly adjacent to an estuary or the ocean. The
0
objective of establishing policies in these areas is to.insure
that all buildings, structures, facilities, and developments are
properly designed and built to maintain their stability, integrity,
and safety in the event of flood surge from a 100 year storm.
Pamlico County has.a very large portion of its land area
classified as subject to coastal flooding. Although the detailed
flood prone maps for Pamlico County are not available, as yet,
preliminary information indicates that all lands lying below 14
feet mean sea level are subject to flooding from a 100 year fre-
quency flood. The majority of the land lying east of Highway 306
which marks the extent of a previous seashore lies below 14 feet
mean sea level and is subject to inundation during periods of.
flooding. There is a minor area of flooding west of this ancient
duneline along upper Broad Creek and Goose Creek. This area ex-
tends from the Neuse River northward almost to Highway 55 and is
subject to coastal flooding.
It is evident that an extensive amount of land area in Pamlico
County must be subject to some type of standards which will reduce
the risk to life and property damage in.these hazard area. This
would not eliminate development or use of these areas; however,
it would require that the potential for danger is recognized and
appropriate steps be taken to minimize possible damage resulting
from either coastal flooding or erosional activities.
6.�

0
0
soils
Soils are probably the most important natural feature to con-
sider in determining the best use of land. Soil characteristics
such as percolation rate, shrink -swell ratio, load -bearing poten-
tial, drainage, and slope obviously determine and affect the use
and management of land. The Soil Conservation Service has grouped
the soils in the County into seven soil associations, The soils
that constitute an association are similar in origin, color, and
structure. However, they may differ slightly in drainage, slope
and other characteristics that may affect soil management.
Each soil's association normally consists of one or more
major soils and at least one minor soil, and is named for the major
soils in the order of their dominance in the association.
Soil interpretations based on the generalized soils' map are
shown in the accompanying table. The table gives the suitability
of the principal soils for general agricultural and forest uses.
In addition, it also indicates the limitations of soils when used
for non -farm purposes, such as campsites, picnic areas, intensive
play areas, dwellings with septic tank absorption fields or sewer-
age systems, and foundation for light industries and roads. The
table reveals that most of the soils in Pamlico County present
moderate to severe limitations for most non -farm uses. As a re-
sult, careful attention must be exercised in selecting areas of
the County for future.development.
A detailed description of the seven soil associations in Pamlico
• County is as follows:
Information provided by the Soil Conservation Service, U.S. De-
partment of Agriculture, New Bern, North Carolina

1. Lenoir -Craven Assoc'i'at'ion - This association consists
of smooth, nearly level divides, unbecoming sligiatly rounded near
drainageway. The areas of this association are dissected almost
down the middle of the areas by a fairly deep drainageway with
many shallow tributary drainages. The drainageways are narrow
and have short side slopes ranging from gently to strongly sloping.
This association makes up about 17 percent of the County. There
are ten delineations in the County. The largest ones are around
Olympie, between Scott's Store and Reelsboro, between Arapahoe
and Broad Creek and the largest delineation is along the Neuse
River.
Lenoir soils make up about 40 percent of this association.
They are somewhat poorly drained. The Soils have dark gray very
fine sandy loam surface and yellowish brown to light yellowish
brown, very firm clay subsoils mottled with gray.
Craven soils make up about 30 percent of this association.
They are moderately well drained. The soils have grayish brown
very fine sand loam surfaces and yellowish brown, very firm clay
subsoils mottled with gray in the lower subsoil.
The remainder of this association consists chiefly of soils
of the Norfolk, Goldsboro, Lynchburg, Rains, Lumbee, Kalmis, Johns,
Duplin, Dunbar, Coxville, Bladen, Leaf and Bibb series,
About half of this association is cultivated and some is
pastured. The chief crops are corn, soybeans, tobacco and small
grain. Wetness is the chief limitation to use and management of
• soils of this' association but erosion is also a problem on the
_qq-

• sloping areas near the drainageways. Bank erosion may be a pro-
blem on the Neuse River during hurricane tides. These soils are
easily tilled except for the eroded places and crops respond well
to recommended applications of lime and fertilizer. These soils
have slow permeability and have only fair response to subsurface
drainage.
Slow to very slow percolation and a high-water table result
in moderate to severe limitations for use of the major soils for
urban development. Small areas of some minor soils have only
slight to moderate limitation. The minor soils having more per-
meability are more desirable for urban uses and make better home -
sites than Lenoir -Craven soils.
2. Leaf-Bayboro Association - This association consists of
broad smooth flats in interstream areas. The areas of this asso-
ciation are dissected by only a few shallow drainageways. The
association makes up about 24 percent of the County, The delin-
eations are large and found in all parts of the County.
Leaf soils make up about 40 percent of this association.
They are poorly drained. The soils have dark gray, very fine
sandy loam surfaces. The clay subsoils are gray mottled with
brownish yellow and are very firm, very sticky and very plastic
when wet.
Bayboro soils make up about 30 percent of this association.
They are very poorly drained. These soils have black to very
dark gray and very fine sandy loam to loam surfaces; and gray.,,
firm, sticky and plastic when wet, clay subsoils.

The remainder of this association consists chiefly of soils
of the Lenoir, Craven, Hyde, Nahunta, Dunbar, Coxville and Bladen
series.
About two-thirds of this association is in woodland. The
cleared areas are used for corn, soybeans, small grain and pas-
ture. Wetness is the chief limitation to the use and management
of the major soils of this association. A system of surface and
subsurface drainage is required before Leaf and Bayboro soils can
be cultivated and pastured. These soils are fairly easily tilled
and crops respond well to recommended applications of lime and
fertilizer. However,, they have slow permeability and have only
fair response to subsurface drainage.
The slow to very slow percolation and high-water table are
severe limitations for use of the major soils for urban development.
Areas of some minor soils scattered in this association have only
moderate limitations to urban uses and are more desirable places for
building sites than the Leaf or Bayboro soils.
3. Portsmouth-Torhunta Association - This association is
of broad, smooth flats on wide interstream areas. The areas of
this group have little natural drainage. The association makes.
up about 23 percent of the County and there are 12 delineations
of it. The area are small and scattered over the west and north-
east parts and a large area is in the central part of the County.
Portsmouth soils make up about 40 percent of this associa-
tion. They are very poorly drained. The soils have black to
0 very dark gray loam to sandy loam surfaces, and gray, friable,
sandy clay loam subsoils.

Torhunta soils make up about 20 percent of this association.
40 They are very poorly drained. -...The soils have black to very dark
gray loam to sandy loam surfaces, and gray, friable, sandy loam
subsoils.
The remainder of this association consists chiefly of soils
of the Rains, Weston, Lumbee, Lynchburg, Johns, Dragston, Cox-
ville, Bayboro, Rutlege, Osier, Ponzer and Pamlico series.
About three -fourths of this association is in woodland. The
few cleared areas are used for corn, soybeans and pasture. Wet-
ness is the chief limitation to use and management of the soils
in this association. The Portsmouth and Torhunta soils respond
well to drainage. When artificially drained, the soils are easily
tilled and crops respond well to recommended applications of lime
and fertilizer. A system of surface and subsurface drainage is
required before these soils can be cultivated and pastured.
The high-water table causes the major soils of this associa-
tion to have severe limitations for urban.uses. Some minor soils
in this association.have moderate limitations for urban uses and
are more desirable for building sites than the major soils, Ports-
mouth and Torhunta.
4. Leon -Lynn Haven Association - This association consists
of broad flats and low ridges on wide interstream areas. The
areas of this association are only moderately dissected by shallow
drainageways. The association makes up about eight percent of the
County. There are three delineations of this association. They
are in the western part of the County.
Aw
0/0AW

Leon soils make up about 40 percent of this association. They
are somewhat poorly drained. The soils have dark grayish sandy
surfaces and dark brownish, cemented, sandy subsoils.
The remainder of this association consists chiefly of soils
of the Rutlege, Osier, Chipley, Kenansville, Dragston, Weston,
Torhunta, Lakeland and Blanton series.
About three -fourths of this association is in woodland. The
cleared areas are used fo:: blueberry crops. Wetness is the chief
limitation to use and management of this association. Also, these
soils have low natural fertility. The soils respond well to drain-
age, but caving in of sides of ditches makes good drainage diffi-
cult to maintain. These soils are easily tilled and crops respond
fairly well to recommended applications of lime and fertilizer.
Leon and Lynn Haven soils have poor response to management because
of the sand texture and hardpan subsoil. A system of surface and
subsurface drainage is required before the major soils of this as-
sociation can be cultivated and pastured.
The wet condition of the major soils of this association is
a moderate to severe limitation for urban uses. This association
has minor soil inclusions that are small in areas, but have only
slight limitations to urban uses.
5. Kenansville-Dragston Association This soil association
consists of broad, smooth, nearly level to slightly convex divides
becoming rounded near drainageways. The areas of this association
make up about nine percent of the County. There are 17 delinea-
tions of this association on the west side and central part of
the County.

Kenansville soils make up about 30 percent of this association.
They are well drained. The surface soil is grayish brown loamy
sand 20 to 40 inches thick. Subsoil is thin and is light yellow-
ish brown to strong brown, triable, sandy loam, overlying course
layers of loamy sand.
Dragston soils make up about 20 percent of this association.
�. They are somewhat poorly drained. The surface.soil is dark gray
loamy sand. Subsoil is pale brown .to yellowish brown, friable,
sandy loam mottled with gray. The gray coloi increases in the
'lower subsoil.
17�
The remainder of this association consists chiefly of soils
of the Leon, Weston, Torhunta, Wagram, Lakeland, Chipley and
Lynn Haven series.
About one-half of this association is cultivated and a small
acreage is pastured. The chief crops are corn, tobacco, soybeans,
small grain and truck crops. The soils are easily tilled.and
crops respond fairly well to recommended applications of lime.and
fertilizer. The major soils of this association have moderate
limitations of low natural fertility.' The Kenansville soils have
a moderate hazard of wind erosion in large open areas and moder-
ate droughtness. Dragston soils have a moderate limitation due
to wetness. Conservation practices should be used that will com-
bat these hazards. A system of surface and subsurface drainage
is desirable on Dragston soils for crops needing a well drained
condition.
The Kenansville soils have none to slight limitations for

urban uses, except when used for unsurfaced roads. The loose
sandy surface soils have moderate limitations for intensive traf-
fic. Dragston soils have a seasonal high-water table that is a
moderate limitation for use of the soils for septic tank filter
fields.
6. Ponzer-Pamlico Muck Association - This association con-
sists of broad, smooth, Mats at; the heads of intermittent streams
(posocins). The areas of this group have very little natural
drainage. The association makes up about 10 percent of the County.
There are four areas. Three areas are along the northern boundary
of the County and one is in the central part.
Ponzer and Pamlico soils are the major soils and make up
about 75 percent of this association area, They are very poorly
drained. The soils have black to very dark grayish brown muck
surface layers, 12 to 50 inches thick. The muck is less than
one-third fibers and overlies dark gray to dark grayish brown,
friable, mineral soils. Ponzer has a loamy layer underlying the
muck layers and Pamlico has a sandy layer.
The remainder of this association consists chiefly of deeper
muck and Portsmouth, Hyde, Torhunta, Bayboro and Leon soils.
Nearly all of this association is in woods or burned over
brushland. The few cleared areas are used for corn, soybeans and
pasture. The ponzer and Pamlico soils have severe limitations for
nearly all agricultural uses. Chief limitations are fertility
problems, severe wetness and difficulty of drainage, extremely.
acid, and susceptible to burning when drained.
Ponzer and Pamlico soils have severe limitations for all ur-
-top- '73

ban uses because of the high-water table and poor foundation for
building streets and roads.
7. Tidal Marsh Association ,- This association conSistp of
smooth flatland bordering large bodies of water. The land areas
' have elevations between those reached by high tides and low tides.
i The areas.of this group have only a minimum of surface drainage
during low tides. The association makes up about 10 percent of
the County. The two largest areas are on the northeast ind east
side bordering Pamlico Sound, and four small delineations are on
the soutwest side of the County bordering Neuse River,
Tidal marshland makes up almost all of this association. The
land is very poorly drained and subject to inundation by tide water,
Tidal marsh soil consists of layers of gray silt loam and very fine
sandy loam and dark brown muck.
The remaindei of this group consists chiefly of soils of the
Coastal Beach, Torhunta, Portsmouth and Bayboro Series,
Soils of these types have less than 10 percent tree cover and
no cultivated areas or important pastured areas. About 85 percent
of the acreage grows salt tolerant plants'•. :uch as rushes, sedge,
and beach grasses. The soils of this association have.severe limT
itations are (1).wetness and frequent flooding by high tides, (2)
elevation is too low for subsurface drainage outlets and (3) alka-.
line soil reaction and soil water.
Source of Water Supply
• Pamlico County is underlaid by about 3,500 feet of.sediment-
ranging in age from cretaceous to recent. These sediments that are'
Ct

TABLE �Q{
Soil
to to ry ratefi.
C"—1 seu mop
Poetics County, N. C.
Duelling. ulth
R.cre.tlen
Suitability for
S e.er.6.
Septic Tenk
Inc en.ive
Light
Ro eda e d
CM.ral
Soil A•e.cletfon,
SYa[<w.
FI It.r Fl elda
Cenp Sit—
Flcn lc Arsea
Play Areee
Ind u.trle.�/
Stro.tal/
ASr ledl Cora
Weed.
% In
Boll. Aaaec.
1, Lenelr-Craven Lenoir 40
Mod(Yt,Sh-Sr)
Sev(Pert.Vt)
Sev(Yt ireL)
Sev(ir.[)
S.v(T'.(
Sev(Yc.SA-Sr,Ce r)
bev(YC TSC)
Fair to Ceed
Good
(lb; of teu nt>) C—.n 00
Mad Tr./,¢�
Mad tr Ttr)
Mod t, Er)
Nod(SA-Sr.Cs r)
o ibC. Er
f. Le.[-Seybe re L.ef 40
Sev(4t.Sh-Sr)
Sev(Prrc,Yt)
Sev(ut ,T r./)
S.v(Wt,Tre!)
Sev(Ut.Tre[)
5ev(Ut.sh-Sr.Cor)
Sov(Yt.TSC)
Fair to Good
Ceed
(y6% o[ •aunty) SeYb.ro 30
), to rt.ws,Ih_Torhunta Portl^ndth 40
S.v(Vt)
Sev(Wt)
Sov(Wt.Traf)
Sev(Wt,Traf)
Sev(Wt.Traf)
Sev(Wt.Cor)
S.v(Wt)
fair to Coed
Good
(20IL of e...tr) Ter hunt. 20
1. Leon -Lynn Us v .n Loon 40
Srv(Wc,Prod)
Stv(ut,Lf•)
Sev(Wt,Tre[)
Sev(Wt,Traf)
Sev(Wt,Trsf)
S.v(Wt.Cer)
Sev(Wt.TSC)
Peer
Pest
(SZ o[ county) Lynn ..... 15
5. t.....vill.-D r.S.ton Ren.n.vllle 10
SIc
Sll to Mod
(LL.)
!.It _._
Sit
Slt
Sit
Sit
Fslr
Coed
Mod(Yt.ir s[)
r.l of sou nt yl Dreg •ton 20
Mod(Vt)
Sev(WtT —
Mod(Wt.Trel)
.Mud(Trof ,Yt
Mod(Wt.Ce r)
Med(Y[)
fair to Ceed
1. Pen.er-Pewll[e Po ... r 60
Sev(Wt)
Srv(4t,Sh-Su)
Sev(Vt ,T re[)
S.v(Tro[. Wt)
Sev (Tra l.Yt)
d.r(Yt, Tre[.
Sev(TSC.Vt.
Four
Poe. to C.ed1/
(lot of <...11) Panllco 35
Cer.Sh-Sv)
SA -Sr)
/. Tldel M%.Ih SS
Sev(FI,Vt)
Very Sev
Very Sev
S-M ,Yt.T1.[)
Very Sev(",
Very Sev(Fl.W`t.
Very Sev(F1.
Very Peer
Very Peer
(10; o[ county)
(Fl.4t)
(PI. U[.Tr.[)
Yt.T re [)
Cer.Sh-Su)
Wt.Ce r,Sh-Sv)
Abb..v tenon• for Lleiting Factors,
Iw Pe.e t1+1-
t aclen.l 10-
I+po.. Ilea-
......I Ill-
1w pe.. Ilwl-
tell.... 4-
top e[• Itwt-
'at,*"" to-
In pe.e list-
t•t1en11 t
Ie pees •
Ifeltatien.
le pea•
it+itatlon•
11 - Flood hoaard
25% - Med.l
15% - Mod.;
101 - Mod .l
S); - Mud.i
IOZ - Med.i
Wt . Yot er T.tie -
25%, - Sev.
I5Zr - a...
10%. -.a.,.
25%• - Sev,
10%, - Sao.
I/
Structures uheao tooting. are lR Subsoil.
Tra! - Tref ticebl llty
Abhrevle%vn.
for degree
of Itwltetion.,
1/
Rotor. to read. and .treats that be.. .db.ell ter be...
9h-dr - Shrink-.r•II potential
R as"
Sit. -
Sl/ght
]/
Dap.nda as thlckn..a of the ersanle layer and acidity.
Fore - P..tel.tlon rate
Mod. -
Modrr.[o
SOURCE, U.S.
Depar[e.nt et A"tcul
ure.
ter - C.rre((./en pepp[ .octet
lty
d.v. -severe
Sell
Con.errat tun 7ery lee,
Rule.
a le lSh.
North Ca re line
TSCd_ if�od u �ttv4t [clog upet -
PAYC
- Available ..>ar a.P.etty
LT. - Lou fllt.ring .rtlon -

3
LEGEND
JNR-�IRAV ENASSOCIATION
.1. 1�tly e 11 ""'d .0, .. .,y 1- —6, owo ud., 4m, wel
LEAF- SAYBORO ASSOCIA7 ION Newly ir"? "N loftlyiml,lYdra-eed wds I-Ih e,,Y Im
.1ld ry. -, I.. W I-, clay wb..Is.
"D"W AI=TH-TORHUNTAASSO:IATION 1. sn . W., -:.z? I'M., d�' {'ay. to"Dil. —1 IUY lun W AV,
LE3N- LYNN HAVEN ASSOCIATION
1dM"• bl..". 1.6 -0. Ilt-11.
'E�. ANS\nLLE-CRACSTONASSOCIATK)N
-3NZER-PA?fL:CO ASSOCIATION
V Sam to 1'... m.I.
-AL MARSH ASSOCIAitON her:, —:aid —d—M byh-O, 1.6.M#,.
GENERAL SOIL MAP
PAMLICO COUNTY
NORTH CAROLINA
5 DL A—E H I C' A-ICULTURE
A,
SOIL CONSERVATLON SERVICE
e
IN

eocene age and younger will be considered here due to the belief
that older formations contain relatively highly mineralized water
and not.considered as current sources of ground water supply.
The Castle Hayne limestone is a highly productive artesian
aquifer in Pamlico County and the principle source of water supply.
This aquifer ranges from 200 to 400 feet in thickness and is com-
posed of indurated shell limestone, domestic shell limestone,
and beds of calcareous sand. Domestic wells, penetrating only
a few feet of the aquifer, yield 20 to 50 fallons per minute, and
large diameter commercial wells yield several hundred gallons per
minute with very little drawdown.
The Yorktown aquifer overlying the Castel Hayne contains in-
terbedded sands, marls, and clays. The sands and marls yield
moderate quantities of water and small diameter.wells that are
generally adequate for domestic use. The shell beds found at
various horizons in the aquifer provide most of the water with-
drawn from the aquifer.
The non -artesian aquifer is most extensively used as a source
of water supply in the western part of the.County. The surfic�aj
sands reach their greatest thickness, in this area of higher ele-
vation, and provide an adequate source of supply for shallow dug
or driven domestic wells. This aquifer is used less extensively
as it changes in lithology to include a greater percentage of clay
eacy of the beach ridge on the Pamlico terrace.
iWater Quality - The chemical quality of water from the Castle
Hayne aquifer is very similar to.that of the overlying Yorktown
�fc
V

aquifer. Both contain water that is characteristically hard, have
a PH in the range of 7.2 to 8.2 end in which the iron content
ranges from .06 to .05 parts per million. The chloride content
in water from both the Castle Hayne and the Yorktown aquifer is
low, falling generally in the range of 10 to 40 parts per million.
At depths exceeding 300 feet, water from the Castle Hayne
aquifer contained very small amounts of chloride. The relatively
low chloride content of the water at this depth in Pamlico County
probably reflects the close proximity to the recharge area of the
aquifer, the high permeability of the aquifer and the height of
the piezometric surface about sea level, all of which would con-
tribute to the flushing of residual seawater from the aquifer or
retarded seawater encroachment.
Higher concentrations of chloride occur in the water of the
Yorktown in areas adjacent to bodies of brackish or saline water.
Water from the Castle Hayne aquifer, in the eastern part of the
County, emits a strong odor of hydrogen sulfide.
Water from the shallow, non -artesian aquifer is generally soft
and free of odor. It commonly contains up to three parts per mil-
lion iron and is usually slightly acid and corrosive. The water
in this aquifer was found to be free of chloride contamination in
the inland areas. Along the coast, however, where the aquifer is
hydraulically connected with the brackish water of the sound and
rivers and subject to inundation by high storm tides, chloride
concentrations are higher.
Water Use - Presently all water supplies in Pamlico County
M,

• are obtained from wells. ..There are no existing municipal water
supplies in the County, however, both Bayboro and oriental are
now developing:water systems. These systems are.much needed as
is a complete system for the County in order to provide a potable
source of drinking water.
Private System at Minnesott Beach - The Town of Minnesott
Beach has within its corporate limits a private water system ser-
ving a newly developing portion of the Town. There is an oppor-
tunity for the Town to purchase the existing private system and
expand it so as to serve the remaining residents of the Town.
The existing water system consists of a 75,000 gallon elevated
storage tank, 18,600 feet of 8", 6" and 3" diameter mains and
valves. Also included are 18 fire hydrants, chlorination equip-
ment, and a jet pump with a capacity of 240 gallons per minute.
The proposed expansion would include another well and site,
water softening equipment and housing, and nine fire.hydrants.
Extension of mains would include 3,200 feet of 8" mains, 3,800
feet of 6" mains, and 60 service lines.
Topography and General Elevation
Pamlico County is typical of most eastern North Carolina
counties in that the topography for the most part is flat and
generally lacks much elevation. The land east of Highway 306,
which marks the shoreline of the historic Pamlico Sea, is almost
totally subject to inundation by a 100 year frequency flood. This
0 area represents almost two-thirds of the County with riverine
flooding occurring to some extent west of this line. The County
W

also has the problem of three major areas of pocosin or upland
• swama#,in the north, northwest and center of the County. Although
these areas have elevations in some cases up to 43 feet mean sea
level these areas are wet and swampy most of.the year.
There is only one minor portion of the County which has any
appreciable slope. This area is located in the southern and west-
ern portions of Township Five and in this southeastern portion of
Township One. This area ranges in elevation from a few feet up
to 42 feet just west of Arapahoe. This area is somewhat unique
for area along the Neuse in that the banks drop off in a steep
slope from around 20 feet down to the water line. This area
offers a somewhat unique terrain for a coastal county as well as
having a high potential for development due to its elevation and
the proximity to the Neusg River.
In contrast to the aforementioned area the eastern portion
of Pamlico County is characterized by flat marshlands with very
slight elevations. These areas are subject to continuous flood-
ing and due to their general lack of elevation are only suitable
natural areas for vegetation and land and aquatic animals.
Pamlico County's general lack of appreciable elevation and
the extensive amount of marshland and upland swamps make Pamlico
County typical among coastal eastern North Carolina counties.
For the most part the lack of sufficient slope is the major
problem in Pamlico County due to the prohibitive effect on natural
drainage.
0
-WL
160.

Only a small portion of the County is well, drained. These
• well -drained areas are mostly confined to areas that border streams,
particularly alone the Neuse River where the slope of the land is
most pronounced. Most of the County is artificially drained by
small, open ditches which flow into canals or into natural out-
lets. For the most part, artificial drainage has been tied to
either agricultural or health department programs for mosquito
control.
Poor drainage is an inhibiting factor in the development
potential of Pamlico County. Natural drainage is inadequate due
to the level characteristics of the terrain in certain areas of
the County. These areas should be utilized for forestry, wild-
life, and recreation purposes,
U

Fragile Areas
• Coastal Wetlands
Coastal wetlands are defined as "any Solt marsh or other marsh
subject to regular or occasional flooding by tides, including wind
tides (whether or not the tide waters reach the marshland area
through natural or artificial water courses) provided this shall
not include hurricane or tropical storm tides. Salt marshland.or
other marsh shall be those areas upon which grow some, but not
necessarily all, of the following salt marsh and marsh plant spe,
ties: Smooth or Saltwater Cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora);
Black Needlerush (Juncus roemerianu$); Glasswart (Salipornia spp.);.
Bulrush (Scirpus spp.); Saw Grass (Cldurm jamaicense); Cut Tail
(Typha spp); salt -Meadow Grass (Spartina patens); and Salt Reed
Grass (Spartina cynosuroides)."
Pamlico has a great deal of land area along creeks, rivers and
the sound which are considered as marshlands and therefore will be
designated as Areas of Environmental Concern. Although marshland
types will be divided into two types and discussed separately the
designation of marshlands will be as a single.category since man
induced activities allowed in these areas will be the same.
Altogether, Pamlico County has approximately 60,019 acres of
both low tidal and upland marshland. The majority of these marsh-
lands are located in northeastern Pamlico County adjacent to the
Pamlico Sound although marshland is found along most creeks and
rivers in the County.
,46:1-
10�L .

Low Tidal Marshland
• Low tidal marshland consists primarily of Spartina alterni-
flora and usually subject to inundation by the normal rise and fall
of lunar tides. They serve as a critical component in the coastal
ecosystem. The marsh is the basis for the high net yield system
of the estuary through the production of organic detritus which is
the primary input source for the food chain of the entire estua-
rine system. The roots and rhizomes of the $partina alterniflora
serve as waterfowl food and the stems as wildlife nesting material.
Low tidal marsh also serves as the first line of defense in retard-
ing shoreline erosion. The plant stems and leaves tend to dissipate
wave action while the vast network of roots resists soil erosion.
Marshes of this type operate additionally as traps for sediment
originating from upland run-off thus reducing siltation of the
estuarine bottoms and consequent detriment to marine organisms.
Upland Marshland
Upland marshlands are not subject to tidal inundations and
containa variety of marshland vegetation. This marshland type
also contributes to the detritus supply necessary to the highly
productive estuarine system. The higher marsh types offer quali-
ty wildlife and waterfowl habitat depending on the biological
and physical conditions of the marsh. The vegetative diversity
in the higher marshes usually supports a greater diversity of
wildlife types than the limited habitat of the low tidal marsh;
This marshland type also serves as an important deterrent to
• shoreline erosion especially in those marshes containing heavily
rooted species. The dense system of rhizomes and roots of Juncus
. �n3

roemerianus are highly resistent to erosion. The higher marshes
• are effective sediment traps.
Marshlands paly an important role in the coastal environment.
In most cases those marshlands do not possess attractiveness for
development. It is important to the overall coastal environment
if these areas are retained in their natural state and allowed to
perform their natural functions.
Outer Bank Sand Dunes
Outer Bank sand dunes do not exist in Pamlico County. Ocean
beaches and shorelines do not exist in Pamlico County as no portion
of the County is contingent with the ocean.
Estuarine Waters
Estuarine waters are extensive in Pamlico County. These areas
must be safeguarded to perpetuate their biological, economic and
aesthetic values. Estuarine waters are defined in G.S. 113-229 (n)
(2) as, "all the water of the Atlantic Ocean within the boundary
of North Carolina and all the waters of the Bays, sounds, rivers,
and tributaries thereto seaward of the dividing line between coast-
al fishing waters and inland fishing waters,as set forth in an agree-
ment adopted by the Wildlife Resources'Commission and the Department
of Conservation and Development filed with the Secretary of State
entitled 'Boundary Lines, North Carolina Commercial Fishing -Inland
Fishing Waters, revised March 1, 1965,' or as it may be subsequently
revised by the Legislature."
Therefore, those waters classified as estuarine as opposed to
• inland waters in Pamlico County are as follows:
-UP.
tm�

Pamlico River (1). . . . . .Inland Waters above, Estuarine
• Waters below N. & S RR bridge
at Washington
Lower Goose Creek (2). . . .Inland Waters above, Estuarine
waters below a line from Pasture
Point to Long Neck Point.
Dixons Creek (3) . . . . . .Estuarine Waters
Patons Creek (4) . . . . . .Estuarine Waters
Wilson Creek (5) . . . . . .Estuarine Waters
Eastham Creek (6). . . .
. .Estuarine Waters - Waters below
Watson Fishhouse
Upper
Spring
Creek (7) .
. .Inland Waters above, Estuarine
Waters below N.C. 304 Bridge
Oyster
Creek
(8) . . . .
. .Estuarine Waters
Clark
Creek
(9). . . . .
. .Estuarine Waters
Middle
Prorig
(10). . . .
. .Estuarine Waters
James
Creek
(11) . . . .
. .Estuarine Waters
Pamlico Sound (12) . . . . .Estuarine Waters
Porpoise Creek (13). . .
. .Estuarine
Waters
Drum Creek (14). . .
.Estuarine
Waters
Bay Creek (15) . . . . .
. .Estuarine
Waters
Gale Creek (16). . . . .
. .Estuarine
Waters
Chadwick Creek (17). . .
. .Estuarine
Waters
Bear Creek (18). . . . .
. .Estuarine
Waters
Vandemere Creek (19) . .
. .Estuarine
Waters below N.C. 304
Bridge, Inland Waters above
Long Creek (20). . . . .
. .Inland Waters
Smith Creek (21) . . . .
. .Estuarine
Waters
Chapel Creek (22). . . . . .Inland Waters above, Estuarine
Waters below N.C. 304 Bridge
Raccoon Creek (23) . . . . .Estuarine Waters
Neals Creek (24) .Estuarine Waters

Trerit Creek (25). Inland Water above, Estuarine
Waters below Thomas Creek
• Masons Creek (26) . . . . Estuarine Waters
Moore Creek (27) . . . . . Estuarine Waters
Rices Creek (28). . Estuarine Waters
Ball Creek
(29) . .
. . . . Estuarine
Waters
Cabin Creek
(30). .
. . . . Estuarine
Waters
Riggs Creek
(31). .
. . . . Estuarine
Waters
Spring Creek (32) .
. . . . Estuarine
Waters
Greens Creek (33) .
. . . . Estuarine
Waters
Neuse River
(34). .
. . . . Inland Waters above, Estuarine
Waters below Pitch Kettle
Swan Creek
(35) . .
. . . . Estuarine
Waters
Lower Broad Creek (36). . . Inland Waters above, Estuarine
Waters below Old Mill Site
Greens Creek (37) . . . . . Estuarine Waters
Pittman Creek (38). . . .
. Estuarine
Waters
Burton Creek
(39) . . . .
. Estuarine
Waters
Brown Creek
(40). . . . .
. Estuarine
Waters
Spices Creek
(41) .
Estuarine
Waters
Gideon Creek
(42) . . . .
. Estuarine
Waters
Tar Creek (43). . . . . . Estuarine Waters
Parris Creek (44) Estuarine Waters
Orchard Creek (45). Estuarine Waters
Pierce Creek (46) Estuarine Waters
Whitaker Creek (47) . . . . Estuarine Waters
Smith Creek (48). . . . . . Inland Waters above, Estuarine
Waters below a point one mile above
mouth
Greens Creek (49) . . . . . Inland Waters above, Estuarine
Waters below a point one mile above
mouth
!d6

Kershaw Creek (50). . .
. . Inland
Waters above,
Estuarine
Waters
below a point
one mile above
mouth
Dawson Creek (51) . . .
. . Inland
Waters above,
Estuarine
Waters
below a point
three-quarters
mile above mouth
Tarkiln Creek (52)
Inland
Waters
Gatlin Creek (53)
Inland
Waters
Little Creek (54)
Inland
Waters
Mill Creek (55) . . . .
. . Inland
Waters
Beard Creek (56). . . .
. . Inland
Waters above,
Estuarine
Waters
below a point
three-quarters
mile above north
Lower Duck Creek (57)
Inland
Waters
Goose Creek (58) . .
Inland
Waters above,
Estuarine
Waters
below the Narrows
Upper Broad Creek (59).
. . Inland
Waters above,
Estuarine
Waters
below Flatty Creek
Flatty Creek (60)
Inland
Waters
0

Public Trust Waters
Public
trust waters are defined
as ocean and estuarine waters
plus coastal
streams, tributaries and
lakes in which the public
may have rights of navigation, access, or other public trust rights.
The rights to these waters include both navigation and recreation.
These waters are also significant in that they support valuable
commercial and sport fisheries and have aesthetic value.
Pamlico County has a great deal of water area which would be
categorized as public trust waters. The County has 348 miles of
bay and estuarine shoreline not to mention the numerous navigable
streams and creeks within the County. There are 29 bays, rivers,
creeks and streams which make up the public trust waters in Pam-
lico County. These waters are generally tidal and contain warm.
water. The use is generally restricted to fishing and boating
except in the rivers, bays, and sounds. The recreational use for
sportfishing or boating in these waters is very important to the
County and area. Commercial fishing in the bays and rivers is
also very important while the creeks and streams provide spawning
forboth shell and finfish.
Stream Classification System
. A state stream classification system has been established
for the conservation of'the states water resources. The standards
of water purity have been "designed to protect human health, to
prevent injury to plant and animal life, to prevent damage to
public and private property, to insure the continued enjoyment of
the natural attractions of the state, to encourage the expansion
• of employment opportunities, to provide a permanent foundation for
.WW
/og

healthy industrial development and to secure for the people of
North Carolina, now and in the future, the beneficial uses of
• these great natural resources.
(Article 21, General Statutes of North Carolina - excerpt.)
1
For more detailed information consult the Board of Water and Air
Resources, North Carolina. Department of Natural and Economic Re-
sources and their booklet "Rules, Regulations, Classifications
and Water Quality Standards Applicable to the Surface Water of
North Carolina."
A brief explanation of the best usage as adapted by the State Stream
Sanitation Committee on November 19, 1953, and filed in the. Office of the
Secretary of State of North Carolina for which the waters in each class
must be protected is given as follows:
Fresh Waters
Class A -I
-Suitable as source of water supply for drinking, culinary, or
processing purposes after treatment by approved disirf ection
only, and any other usage requiring waters of lower.quality.
Class A -II
-Suitable as a source of water supply for drinking, culinary,
or food processing purposes after approved treatment equal
to coagulation, sedimentation, filtration, and disinfection,
etc., and any other usage requiring waters of lower quality.
Class B
-Suitable for outdoor bathing and any other usage requiring
waters of lower quality.
Class C
-Suitable for fishing and fish propagation, and any other us-
age requiring waters of lower quality.
Class D
-Suitable for agriculture and for industrial cooling and pro-
cess water after treatment by the user as may be required
under each particular circumstance.
Tidal Salt Water
Class SA -Suitable for shellfishing for market purposes and any other
usage requiring water of lower quality.
Class SB Suitable for bathing and any other usage except shellfishing
for market purposes.
Class SC -Suitable for fishing and any other usage except bathing and
shellfishing for market purposes.
The following is an inventory of streams found in Pamlico Co.
included in the inventory is their location, size,(length, & width),
discription (classification) and present use.
MOF'- 1 oP7

TABLL 24
i'DI'JENT0RT. OF STREAMS
tame of Water
Location
Size 1
Description of Water 2 3
Present Use
PrLnl? co Ricer
Talc:d cczL.rration of
36 miles/3 mlles
Tidal. Warm water.
Woodland, cropland,
Parl.ico SO -and. Access
Classified SA.
pasture, marsh.
t 0.,.tar Crock.
0oc:e Creep
i
Tribu-; ary to F ::-alco
It piles/1.2 miles
Tidal. Warm water.
Woodland, cropland,
Ri :-cr at river rile 8. �
Classified SA.
marsh.
a
%��.i a�7J at -J Cty i�N
Tnr^rcoastal W;1.erway
Eastern (EasU%-.m) Crock i
Tr-1bT arj to Goo:^
3 miles/2001
Tidal. Warm water.
Woodland, pasture,
C.t�.:ek at ri..s.. ~ile 4.
Classified SA.
cropland, marsh.
at end of
0)Access
�
Sr-1236.
Upror Spring Creek
Tri�.sta to Coosa
2.5 miles/841
Tidal. Warm water.
Woodland, marsh.
Crook at risor r,_ile It.
Classified SA.
;Lccosr at -1230 111
at b, idg* n-& la Goose
Croak on NC-304
_
Oyster Crook
Tributuy to Faml.ico
2 miles/5001
Tidal. Warm water.
Woodland, marsh.
River at ricer mile 4.
Classified SA.
Access at end of
S`t-1235 t-.o riles nortr
of La:fla.-nd.
Jr. -,es Crat-k
Tributary to Middle
2 miles/12001
Tidal. Warm water.
Woodland, marsh.
r-rcag Cy:nter Creek
Clasaified SA.
et ricer niio 1. Ac-
cuss rt-- C s ter Creek

0
:7
i'?. IVENWXY OF SMAMS
i lima of Vater
Location
Size 1/
Description of Water2/.,3/
Present Use
C r c Cre:;r;
Tvibatz y to Yid y:e
1 mile/1000I
Tidal. W:.:m water.
Woodland, marsh.
to M--azz Harb=
: r=- ,-;t&- Cr ok
Classified SA.
B_-_ C zn ll)
at river r+? l o 1. Ac-
cesa v-1a Cyst_-_ Crczk
f
fro'-Z end Of S-2-2315.
P,= liaouz?d
p_ _
lr+.o:1:+ Efit '"i�:4�ri
35 miles 2 miles
/
•
Tidal. Wazrm water.
Woodland, cropland,
}
boat r=a.
Classified SA.
marsh.
.... H «.Cr s :-,
:; ��' P^* ' i-
3,r .... 1
Entire B
Tidal. WW-zn .rat r
i .l. a .
Marshland.
co Se%aq. rccas3 at
(1300 Acres)
Clasoified SA.
C?yzu o_ Cre ck, frcm end
f SR-1235.
Biz Porpoise Bay
Yzarginal Bay of Prmmli-
Entire Bay
Tidal. Warm water.
Woodland, marsh.
co Scund. ,"ccczu at
(300 Acres)
Classified SA.
i cn-d
1
e Bay
:i i:ic i :,3,, of P �.li-
Entire Bay
Tidal. Warm water.
Woodland, marsh.
co S;;`=.d. Access ct
(500 Acres)
Classified SA.
zsnd of SR-1228.
T y
.,c`:e3 E::
'-. ,_....., r.y r fY,{-
..,� s :.�:...._ B c_ Pk.._.�
E x
�,n�_re E.sy
.,dam. ..u:-n ;r;.
Tidal. t•r.-. tar.
Woodland, marsh.
Ze E�'Yand. Acc:,ss C•
! (1 •00 Acres)
Classified SA.
E0 -304,, at Hobuckenand
_ntercoast ai Wctax-,d -.,-.

r
MTENTOFiY OF STREAMS
Nr= of Water
Location
Size l/
Description of Water 2/,3J
Present Use
Loner Broad Creek
Trxfbut,=7 to P.^..'T'.lico
2.5 miles/15001
Tidal. Warm water.
Woodland, cropland,
Scund. Accoss at
Classified SA.
marsh.
end of S3-1323 and
i
SR-1320 at Pc lico.
Bay River
Tributary of P:T a.co
15 :Hiles/1 mile
Tidal. Warm water,
Woodland, cropland,
So :rA. Ac^c-cs .at Da;-
Classified SC.
marsh, housing, .and
bozo cn i.i-3C:i %nd
schools.
rr
et 1f:.-307 at
Vardf:^rcre rnd 12-3a4
at Gale Creek.
'
Grlo Creek
T-r f PcTy ^
i_ sbu�.a:,� o:. �...., ��i-rem.
2 miles/2001
Tidal. Warm Hater.
Woodland, marsh.
Access at M--"d two
Classified SA.
_
•miles soa�:,.::..t cf
N
lnt rccsctal ;da te:4ry
at ;:cc;:chan Dr3 ga
Bear Creek
TriIc*jtar,; of E y R'T-or.
2 milesA501
Tidal. Warm water.
Woodland, marsh.
Arcs: s at M-3014 at
Classified SA.
Mesic.
Varvi miere Creek
Tributzxy of E.%y River.
4 miles/2501
Tidal. Warm water.
Woodland, cropland,
Access at and of
Classified SC.
marsh.
NZ-307. at Vando-more.
Boremr Bar
Tri.lbu ary of - R:;,cr.�
r,rtire Pay
Tidal. 11--rn water.
Woodl=.d, cropland,
_
I'. L.'=�..J ?:
{��.�J �� /'. v'x�ry)
Cl zsificU SA.
marsh.
•41�r•r1i :^1•'? •
{

I"VENT0? Y OF STREAMS
y r✓Me of W ter
Location
Size l/
Description of Water 2/,3A
Present Use
S-_•ing Creel-
Tributary of Donna.
3 miles/2001
Tidal. Warm water..
Woodland, cropland,
B.y. Access on SR-1327
Classified SA.
marsh.
m-- ar Pl. once.
Tributary of Bay River.
2 miles/2001
Tidal. Warm water.
Woodland, cropland,
Classified SA.
marsh.
Creek
Tr{butay of Pty River.
It miles/2502
Tidal. Warm water.
Woodland, cropland,
throu'r:n Bay
Classified SC.
marsh.
i•,e: at Buyboro on
NO-55 a-xd II::-304 and on
NO-55 at Alligator
Creek bridge.
.?jrar
of P=aico
I.Sc-und.
16 miles/h miles
Tidal. Wam water.
woodland, cropland,
Sv,!=Ld to
Accesn at
Classified SA.
marsh, housing de-
T'.y i:'va JG-Z Point)F+.�.1C'..�1,
{
••: 1'=..aJ Ja%VJ c^.t
volopaent, golf course.
D:,-,:::�n C'mt;f on ER-1,302
�
at Crri3ntal on
t
Y River
'r ibutr.= y to PZ..TIICo
34 miles/30001
Tidal. Wane water.
Woodland, cropland,
_,
Wi*—? .roan Po_�:t to
E r:a. JACCu, L* at
M
youth cr.: s, grolf
__
��
SR-? 23 at i.: :i: ,O V v
course, hots::- develop-
a-,aeh and SR-1114 at
mert.
Kor.e s Basch.
t-
-'but• to 3::tso r�
2 milc3s/'.508
I�
Tz:ll. Wry;a water.
Woodland cropland,
Fiver. Accecs at
Cla3cified SC.
marsh.
!Z-55 at Oriental.

•
r.'VENTORY OF STREAMS
Name of Water
Location
Size
Description of Water2
Present Use
Ker. haw Crook
Tr-1 of Smith,
2 mlleaj1.50�
Tidal. Ware water.
Z+'oallaixl, cropland,
Creek. Acccrz e
Classified SC •
marsh.
:J-57 O at lon V• • ,
urcens Crack
Tributary of Karshaw
2 milcs/1501
Tidal. Warm water.
Wood -land, cropland,
Creek. Accoon at
Classified SC.
=rah.
i �-55 in Orie -tu3.
Dviaccn Crack
":'-itf ry to "It"aso
4 miles/300'
Tidal. Warm water.
Wood!.-zd, croplar-i,
Ri--cr. lccce^ on
Classified X.
marsh.
'-
SR-1302 at J=oiro.
f,,-ard Creek
'iz-ib' n� of lots©
1.5 miles/751
Tidal. Warm water.
Wcccil=d, cropl.a_r3,
to FLuifcy Gat)
River at river rule 6.
Classified SC.
pasture, marsh.
Acceza at erl of
MLL-? 11 r and at trio
SRIL-1102 bridge.
Flpard Crack
Trilratay to Herza '
6 miles/8,
Moderate flow. Warm water.
Woodland, crcpla.-:d.
(Purifoy Gut to origin)
River. Acceso nt
Classified SC.
SR-1100, SR--'d02,
=4 SR-1115 b-ridges,
and at errs of M-1I17-
Gcoce Gre-*
Tribsta.r' cf llcuao
5 miles/200,
Tidal. Warm water.
Woodland, cropland,
(Mo;.-th to SR-1.100 lcridge)
R;vrr. Acccas sit e:-1
Classified SC.
marsh, housing develcg-
of SR-1110.
rent, light industry.
i

•
w
Irr1124TOTI f 01-1 ST.V..AMS
Nz: e of Wator
Location
Size 1/
Description of Water 2 3
Present Usa
•ore CrBak
Tribute—y to Now.e
1.5 miles/751
Moderate flow. Warm water.
Woodland, cropland,
(Sit-LCO 'ri go to swrce)
at river mile 6.
Classified C.
pasture, marsh.
Access at oral of
S 1-1117 and. at the
SR-1102 brid�c.
)a road Cr'S fT.r
but, y to Neuse
8 miles/2501
Tidal. Warm water.
Woodland, cropland,
to \;-:5 bridra)
.fiver at river ndle 9.
Classified SC.
marsh.
F.0 at cc :+"Cnarfciizal
lboat-
--zzit at LaOs
{L
:dinz at end cf
r `S3-1103.
Crc:�k
lrib=eta--y to Nouse
10 miles/20t
Moderate flow. Warm water.
Woodland, cropland,
(;�-55 bridge to origin)
Riv^r. Access at
Classified C.
pasture.
M-55 and SR-1128
bridges.
t

9
Complex Natural Areas
• There are no designated complex natural areas in Pamlico County.
Areas Sustaining Remnant Species
No area sustaining remnant species have been identified in
Pamlico County.
Areas Containing Unique Geological Formations
Areas of unique geological formation are those places contain-
ing surface or near surface formations that are either themselves
unique or especially unusual or notable examples of geological for-
mations or processes in the coastal area. They are important edu-
cational, scientific or scenic resources that would be jeopardized
by uncontrolled or incompatible development.
There is one such area in the county containing Pleistocene
marine invertibrate fossils as well as terrestrial vertebrate fol-
sils. It is located on Benner's Plantation in the Dawson Creek area.
Registered Natural Landmarks
There are no registered natural landmarks in Pamlico County.
Archeologic and Historic Sites
No archeologic sites of significance have been identified in.
Pamlico County.
Areas of Historic Significance are defined as Historic Places
that are listed, or have been approved for.listing by the North
Carolina Historical Commission; or historical archaeological, and
other places and properties owned, managed, or assisted by the State
• of North Carolina; properties or areas that are or may be designated
_AIMW

�I
by the Secretary of the Interior ds National Historic Landmarks.
iPamlico County has two sites of historic significance. The
first being the China Grove House located one-half mile east of
Dawson's Creek Bridge on State Road 1302. This house was con-
structed in 1790 and is a frame centerhall plan house with a.gable
roof incorporating double -tiered porches. The second signifigant
historic site is the "Grandpappy" Holly Tree located two miles
north of Olympia on State Road 1126. This tree is 210 years old
with a circumference of 11 feet 1 inch. It is estimated to be
the oldest holly tree in the nation. The site is presently being
maintained for its historic significance.
-, 0*6
w?

AREAS WITH RESOURCE POTENTIAL
• -01ML.
1 l%
IV

Productive Agricultural Lands
• A modern detailed soil,'map is not available for Pamlico County.
Until a modern detailed map is available a generalized soil map
will be used to identify and locate productive farmlands, potentially
productive farmlands and lands that are not economically or ecolo-
gically suitable for farmland.
The following is a list of the seven soil associations and
the soil association assig6ed for CAMA planning purposes prepared
in a joint effort by the U.S.D.A. Soil Conservation Service, the
Soils Department at N.C.S.U. and the State Department of Natural
and Economic Resources.
Association
1. Lenoir - Craven
2. Leaf - Bayboro
3. Portsmouth - Torhunta
4. Leon -Lynn Haven
5. Kenansville - Dragston
6. Ponzer - Pamlico
7. Tidal Marsh
CAMA Planning Association
Lenoir - Bladen - Craven
Bladen - Bayboro - Portsmouth
Portsmouth - Torhunta - Lakeland
Lynn Haven - Pamlico - Leon
Kenansville - Leon - Lakeland
Belhaven - Ponzer - Wasda (upland
mucks)
(Tidal Marsh)
Soil associations may be designated into soil management
groups rang :.g from soils with slight limitation (Management Group
'I) to severe limitations (Management Group 8) if used as agricul-
tural farmland. Association management groupings and limitations
for farmland are 'listed:
Management
Group
3
Limitations
Soil Association
Kenansville - Leon - Lakeland
The main limitations considered in this management group are
soils with high water table but with moderately permeable subsoils
• that can be drained. The drainage of these soils predominately

ranges from well drained to very poorly drained with the larger
proportion being in the poorly drained and somewhat poorly drained
group. From an agricultural standpoint with drainage, these soils
are some of the more productive soils of the Coastal Plains and
would be considered excellent agricultural lands.
Management Soil Association
Group'
5 Portsmouth - Torhunta - Lakeland
Limitations
Examples of the limitations are high shrink -swell clay that
have low bearing strength, high water tables, and slowly per-
meable subsoils. The soils in this area are normally poorly
drained to very poorly drained with small amounts of better
drained soils. Agriculture is totally unsuited except for for-
est products or some grasses unless drained. However, with ex-
cellent water management including surface drainage and the low-
ering of the water table, these soils are moderately well suited
for agricultural purposes. However, the soils in this area are
generally very costly to develop for agricultural purposes.
Management Soil Association
Group
6 Lenoir - Bladen - Craven
Bladen - Bayboro - Portsmouth
Lynn Haven - Pamlico - Leon
Limitations
These soils have severe limitations not economically feasible
to correct with the major limitations being severe flooding. From
an agricultural standpoint the limitations.are very severe due to
not only flooding but high water tables and are not generally de-
veloped. However, certain small areas of higher ground may be used
_30W

•
0
for these purposes.
Mapagement Soil Association;
Group
7 Belhaven - Ponzer - Wasda (Upland Muck)
Limitations
These soils include areas of critical environment that pre-
clude development or may be developed at great risk. Examples,
of soils that are included in these areas are the high marshes,
and the large areas of organic soils. These soils include a
wide range,of internal drainage from excessively well drained
to very poorly drained organic soils. The sandier soils that
include excessively well drained to well drained soils can
generally be developed with extreme caution. Agriculture in
this area is not suited to low water supplying capacity of the
soils and the need for continuous cover. From an agricultural
standpoint the majority of these soils can be developed but would
require significant capital investments in drainage, lime, etc.
However, with drainage and proper fertility, these can be very
productive soils.
Management
Group
8
Soil. Association
Tidal Marsh
Limitations
These soils should not be developed as agricultural farm-
land. They include dunes, soils on the outer banks and soils
in low -tidal marshes.
The Generalized Soil Map (page 83) identifies the seven
soil. associations in the County. With this information it can
be determined where productive and potentially productive agri-

cultural or environmentally unsuited soils for agricultural purposes
• aie located in the County.
Closely related to agriculture is tree farming. There is a
number of large tree raising companies who own land in Pamlico
County with the main plants operating in neighboring counties.
Companies
Weyerhaeuser
Pamlico Timber
International Paper
Taylor
Ownership in Pamlico Co.
20,660.92 acres
16,336.00 acres
11,100.07 acres
14,051.20 acres
TOTAL 62,148.19 acres
Much of the soil needs ditches and large canals for drainage.
When this is done it is very rich and level and well adopted for
mass production farming. Some of the wasteland is being adapted
for timber by the large timber and pulpwood companies such as
Weyerhaeuser by ditches and canals. The land is thoroughly
cleared, drained, and planted with the desired species of trees
much as any other crop would be planted. The timber is hauled
directly by truck to the sawmills or papermills.
These companies use proper forestry management practices for
the production of mature trees in the shortest possible time. For
the most part these companies provide access to the land holdings
for hunters and other recreational activities.
These forest land are shown on the existing land use map.
Potentially Valuable Mineral Sites
The Pungo River Formation contains potentially economic beds
• *1 = slight limitations
8 - severe and restrictive limitations
AMW

of phosphatic sand. It is composed of interbedded phosphatic
clays, diatomaceous clays, phosphatic limestones, silty clay -
stones, coquinas, calcareous clays, and phosphatic sands. The
P2 05 content of the phosphatic sands ranges up to a known maxi-
mum of about 21 percent of the raw core sample. The above mat-
erials usually occur in definite zones, or horizons, in the
formation that may be traced laterally across the County.
The Pungo River formation was apparently deposited in a
northeast - southwest trending basin whose axis lies southeast
of Beaufort County. Subsequent downwarping to the southeast
has resulted in erosional leveling of the top of the formation.
The formation underlies more than 700 square miles of the eastern
part of Beaufort County and parts of northern Pamlico County. Its
thickness ranges from a featheridge, a few miles east of the City
of Washington, to more than 120 feet near the south shore of the
Pamlico River in eastern Beaufort County. Its depth below mean
sea level ranges from a minimum of about 40 feet near its western
limits to more than 230 feet in the northeastern part of Beaufort
County.
Information on phosphate deposits in Pamlico County are not
available. Because Texas Gulf Incorporated purchased 16,336
acres in Pamlico County.it may be assumed phosphate deposits do
exist in the County and that these deposits are economically
minable. Texas Gulf Incorporated land holdings are in Township I,
north of Highway 55 and left of Highway 306 to the Craven and
Beaufort County lines. .

Another mineral resource in Pamlico County is titanium.
. Courthouse records show that National Lead Company secured
titanium exploration leases on about 1,000 acres in No. 1 Town-
ship in Pamlico.County. Of this, the company obtained deeds on
860 acres. Samples of the ore were taken along side State Road
306 about 500 feet south of the Beaufort County line. The top
11.5 feet averaged about 3.8 percent heavy minerals. It is an-
ticipated that within the next two decades titanium mining may
occur in Pamlico County.
There are no commercial sand pits in Pamlico County. The
Department of Transportation, Division of Highway operates one
sand pit in the Minnesott Beach area for use on driveways and
wash out areas. In 1973,. this pit produced 12,000 short tons
of sand at a value of $8,000.
There are no publicly owned lands for non -intensive out-
door recreational use. There are however, privately owned
lands that are used for non -intensive outdoor use. Most of
these lands are owned by the large paper companies and private
individuals.
The N.C. Wildlife Resource Commission has agreements with
some private landowners whereby their land is managed by the
Commission as recreation and hunting areas. One such area found
in Pamlico County is the Goose Creek Wildlife Management Area.
This area is located in Township 4 situated along the
western bank of the Intercoastal Waterway.
•

There are no privately owned wildlife sanctuaries in the
• County.
The following is a description of the wildlife found in
Pamlico County.
Wildlife
4 high deer population occurs throughout most of the County
and a moderate bear population occurs along the northern County
line from Mesic to Hobucken. Most all small game species occur
in abundance, including quail, rabbits, squirrel, dove, woodcock,
snipe, raccoon and opossum. Foxes and wildcat are common. The
clapper rail occurs in the coastal marshes, however, it is
hunted infrequently. Abundant populations of all furbearers are
present, including mink, otter, muskrat, beaver and nutria. Pam-
lico has an excellent waterfowl population, Wood ducks are abun-
dant inland, and a wide variety of other tipping ducks and diving
ducks occur in the Neuse and Pamlico Rivers, Pamlico Sognd-and
in the natural and managed coastal marshlands and impoundments.
Several thousand acres of mosquito control impoundments are cur-
rently being managed by the Wildlife Resource Commission and pri-
vate interests. These areas of improved waterfowl habitat have
done a great deal toward increasing both the numbers and variety
of waterfowl which winter and also nest in this area. A small
number of Canada geese occurs.
Fish
While licensed fishermen express a preference for catching
largermouth bass, this species comprises only about two percent
iof the total catch. Bluegill and redbreast make up about 48
';7-�

percent of the catch, with white perch, catfish and other pan -
fishes making up an additional 35 percent. Shad, pickerel and
crappie each comprise about three percent or less. Unlicensed
fishermen indicate a high preference for bluegill and redbreast.
Rare and Endangered Species
The American alligator is known to occur; the bald eagle
and Atlantic sturgeon may be present.

•
0
CAPACITY OF COMMUNITY FACILITIES
1z7

Existing Water and Sewer Service Areas
is
The existing water serviced area in the County is Minnesott
Beach ( a private system). Two other areas soon to be serviced
are Bayboro and Oriental.
There is only one sewage treatment plant in the County. It
services the Pamlico County Courthouse complex.
Design Capacities
.Thefollowing is a compilation of design capacities for the
existing and proposed water works in the County.
Minnesott Beach
CENTRAL WATER SYSTEM -TOWN OF MINNESOTT:
EXISTING:
3500 L.F. 8" P.V.C. Mains & Valves
12,000 L.F. 6" P.V.C. Mains & Valves
3100 L.F. 3" P.V.C. Mains & Valves
18 ea. Fire Hydrants
75,000 Gallon Elevated Storage Tank
200' x 200' Pumping Station & Well Site
100' x 100' 6' Cyclone Fence Enclosure
One 6" Deep Well
8' x 16' Concrete Block Pump House
Well #1 & Electrical System
Well #2 Electrical System
Automatic Chlorination Equipment
Jet Pump, 240 gal. p/minute
Office Records & Supplies
Option on 200' x 200' No. 2 Well Site (Approved
Accounts Receivable)
PROPOSED FOR EXPANSION:
Well #2 and Site
Water Softner Equipment & Housing
Extension of Mains:
3200 L.F. 8" Mains
3800 L.F. 6" Mains
9 ea. Fire Hydrants
60 Service Lines

Oriental
Water and sewer Treatment Plant: There are no treatment.
facilities which presently exist in Oriental. Water is provided
by domestic wells and sewage disposal is handled by individual
septic tanks. A water system has been proposed for the Town of
Oriental at an estimated total cost of $400,000. The proposed
project will provide the Town of Oriental with a central water
system which will be designed to serve the Town and surrounding
rural areas. The system will include a 75,000 gallon elevated
storage tank, two deep wells, water treatment facilities, and
41,000 feet of 8-inch, 6-inch, 4-inch, 3-inch, and 2-inch dia-
meter distribution lines with fire hydrants, valves and fittings.
Bayboro
Sources of Water Supply: Bayboro is in.the process of ac-
quiring a municipal water system. Two wells have been drilled
at a depth of 274 feet extending into the Castle Hayne Aquifer.
The wells are located along Highway 55 in Bayboro behind the
First Citizens Bank. The wells capacity are 100 gallons per
minute. On the same site with the wells is an elevated storage
tank. The storage tank has an elevation of 100 feet and a capa-
city of 100,000 gallons. An on -site treatment plant will have
a capacity of 100 gallons per minute and can be duplicated. A
softening and aeration plant will be included in Bayborp's water
plant.
0

Pamlico County
• Waste Treatment Facilities
Pamlico County Courthouse
Design capacity: .003 MGD
Current flow: .0025 MGD
Receiving stream: Bay River (SC)
Treatment: extended aeration, cholorination
Adequacy: adequate
% Utilization: 83%
Areas of Concern
North Shore Pamlico River - Isolated pockets moderate to
dense development, pressure for additional development. Marginal
to unsuitable for spetic tanks due to soil conditions and high
water table.
Hobucken area - pressure for recreational development.
All communities in county are unsewered. Soil generally
marginal or unsuitable, due to soil condition and high water table.
Bay River, Dawson's Creek, area around Oriental closed to
taking shellfish.
Sanitary Landfills
Five sanitary landfills serve Pamlico County. Their locations
are as follows:
1)
Oft
N. C.-
Highway 55 near
Pinedale Subdivision and
Reelsboro.
2)
Off
N. C.
Highway 306 two
miles north of Arapahoe.
3)
Off
county
road 1343 just
south of Bayboro.
4)
Off
N. C.
Highway 304 near Hollyville on county road 1217.
•
5)
Off
county
road 1308 near
Oriental.
r:3o

•
0
Each of these landfills has approximately 10 acres and a life
expectancy of 50 years. They are accessible to the public at all
times.
The County does not operate a pickup system but the munici-
palities of Bayboro and Vandemere have their own trucks. One pri-
vate hauler operates throughout the County and is paid directly
by those individuals who are served. There .is no fee for a
private hauler to use a Pamlico County landfill, and there are
also no private landfills..
Fire Protection
Fire protection in Pamlico County is currently furnished by
six volunteer fire.departments. These departments are Triangle
at Bayboro, Reelsboro, Olympia, Oriental, Vandemere and Arapahoe.
The North Carolina Fire Insurance Rating Bureau rates fire
departments and the level of protection numerically from 1 to 10.
The lower the number, the higher the level of protection. De-
pending on the resources available, a*rating from 3 to 5 is con-
sidered gcoa. In small communities, due to a lack of resources,
ratings of 7 and 8 might be considered good. It should be noted
that these ratings effect the cost of fire insurance of particular
note, is the fact that two of Pamlico County's six fire departments,
Triangle and Arapahoe, are rated 9A on a three mile radius basis.
These departments are presently applying for a 9AA rating on a
four -mile radius. The other four departments maintain the equip-
ment and volunteers for the 9A rating on a three-mile radius basis
but have not applied for the rating. Presently, Vandemere has a
request for a new truck and has been approved for a new siren.
13/

It will not be feasible to apply for 9A rating in the towns
which
do not have
a water and hydrant system even though these
towns
qualify in
every other way.
Rescue Squad
The Pamlico County rescue squad is housed in the building
formally used as the county jail behind the courthouse. The
rescue squad presently has a 1966 Econoline ambulance, a 1974
ambulance, a 1972 Chevrolet van, a four-wheel drive jeep, an
eighteen foot rescue boat, and a trailer with a portable gen-
erator. Each vehicle is equipped with the necessary stretchers,
splints, first aid supplies, radios, etc.
The squad of thirty-one volunteers offer emergency ambulance,
service, search and rescue service, and instruction in first aid.
Each member must pass a course in first aid techniques. It is
required that an emergency medical technician must accompany
each vehicle when it is on duty.
The County currently furnishes $600'per month for the oper-
ational use of the rescue squad. Additional funds are secured
by donation.
Countv Courthouse
The Pamlico County Courthouse is not adequate to serve the
needs of the County. The existing building is in need of both
major and minor repairs as well as being inadequate in size to
house the number of persons employed by the County.
The County is presently con.;t�ucting an annex to the court-
house which will provide the needed space to adequately house the
1.3 2-

county employees both present and projected. The new annex upon
• completion, will house the Department of Social Services, the
Agricultural Extension Agency, the Clerk of Superior Court,
Magistrate, Solicitor, Recreat}on, Farmers Home Administration,
Board of Elections, the ASCS Office, and the County Attorney.
The veterans service officer, and the Building Inspector may
also be relocated in the new annex.
The addition to the courthouse will be adequate to serve
the County's needs for many years.
Schools
The Pamlico County Board of Education operates four schools
within the County at the present time. The Pamlico County School
System will have a total enrollment of 2,297 students during the
1975*-76 school year. The school system capacity is 2,350. All
schools Ore totally integrated. In all instances, with the ex-
ception of ,one, these schools tend to serve the entire County.
Listed in the table on the other page is pertinent information
relative to each school.
(Table on following page)
-4w-
!33

TABLE 25
Existing School Information
Site
Class-
1969-70 Cons.
Name
Location
Size
Grades
rooms Capacity
Enrollment Date
Arapahoe
Elementary
Arapahoe
15 ac.
K-8
12
300
241 1918
Fred A. Anderson
1
temporary
Elementary
Bayboro
70 ac**
K-4
26
702
657 1967
Pamlico
Grammar
Stonewall
20 ac.
5-9
38
900
859 1952
Pamlico County
5
temporary
High
Bayboro
70 ac**
10-12
27
400
540 1951
Science
Special
Name
Gym Auditorium
Cafeteria
Laboratory
Library Classrooms
Speech 1)
Arapahoe
Music (1)
Elementary
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
Reading (1)
Fred A.
Anderson
Elementary
No
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
Audio -Visual (1)
Bandroom 1)
Pamlico Grammar
Yes
No
Yes
Yes (1)
Yes
Special Ed. (3)
Speech. Read. (1)
Pamlico County
High Yes Yes Yes Yes (1) Yes Shops (3)
(3 additional Bandroom (1)
equipped class-
rooms
*Excluding use of temporary classrooms
**Combination site size for both schools
***Excluidng libraries, laboratories, special classrooms, etc.
SOURCE: Principal of each school and Superintendent of County Schools.
•

Pamlico Technical Institute
4 Pamlico County Technical Institute is presently located in
the buildings of the former Alliance High School in Alliance. At
present, the institute has six permanent clas'srooms,.one temporary
classroom, two shops, a library and office facilities. Current
enrollment consists of some 100 full-time day students and even-
ing enrollment represents approximately 500 part-time students.
The current curriculum offers secretarial training, business ad-
ministration, accounting, light construction, agricultural science,
masonry, and mechanizations.
The Technical Institute is in the process of constructing a
new facility on a 40 acre campus north of Alliance. The comple-
tion date for the facility is February 1976 and is approximately
35 percent. complete. The new complex will include 38,000 square
feet of heated space and house a library, shops, classrooms, a
student lounge and office space. This new.facility will adequately
serve the technical • educational needs of Pamlico County.
Public Library
The Pamlico County Library is not presently in service. The
library will be housed in a separate building on the courthouse
grounds. The library has one part-time librarian. Pamlico County
is presently being served by the Craven -Pamlico -Carteret Regional
Library. In addition, to this library service, the Craven -Pamlico
Bookmobile serves Pamlico County during certain days every week.
A new school -public library should be in operation by Sep-
tember 1, 1977. This "media" center will have a student commons

area and supporting facilities. The media center is proposed and
•
designed to
adequately
serve the needs of
all students during the
school day
and to serve
the public library
needs of the centers
citizenry of Pamlico County. The facility will be in operation
on an extended --day basis and for eight hours on Saturdays during
the regular school term, During the summer months hours from 10
a.m. to 4 p.m. Monday through Saturday will be observed.
Pamlico County Schools will be responsible fob all building
and furniture costs. It is estimated that approximately 20 per-
cent of the total cost ins attjqibuted to additional requirements
imposed by the public aspegt of the operation. Therefore, 1973
Public School Facilities Fund money will be used for only 80 perr
cent of the building and furnishing costs. Pamlico County schools,
with additional appropriations from the Board of Commissigners,
will provide looaJ capital out -lay funds to complete the project.
Pamlico County Schools will provide one certified librarian
and one aide during the time that school is in session.
The Public Library Board will provide one certified
librarian to work a 35-hour work week year-round,
-- Pamlico County Schools and the Public Library Board will
jointly employ two library clerks and a part-time custo-
dian.
In addition to the collection of books and periodicals owned
by Pamlico County.High School, the Public Library Board will im-
mediately furnish 5,000 books and 59 magazine subscriptions to
be shelved in the new facility for joint use. . It is anticipated
40 that at the end of a five-year period, the total book collection

shelved will be approximately 15,000 and that full access to the
• 85,000 books in the Regional System will be available to all users.
Recreation
The county recreation program was'established in 1973 and
consists of a director, three employees, a secretary and a main-
tenance man. The County operates tennis courts at Oriental,
Silver Hill, Vandemere, Arapahoe, Mesic and the Hobucken and
Lowland area, however, the courts are owned by the communities.
Bayboro has a yearly program of athletics for both children and
adults.
Presently, the Recreation Department is housed in the rear
of the Social Services Building. The Department will be relo-
cated in the new courthouse annex as soon as it is completed.
Department of Social Services
Through the thirteen employees of the Social Services Depart-
ment, the County Social Services Board administers programs in-
volving financial assistance, food assistance and medical assis-
tance to the needy, aged, disabled, blind and children. A field
service porgram is operated for the children and the aged. The
department is under the supervision of a director assisted by so-
cial workers, office personnel, two homemakers and a CETA worker.
The Department is currently located in a twenty-three hun-
dred square foot building that should be replaced. The building
is of frame construction, is inadequate in size now. The Social
Services Department will be moving into the courthouse annex when
it is completed and the food stamp office will be relocated in
l 37

the present facility.
• Although the population of Pamlico County is not increasing,
the median age is on the rise. This will put a greater burden on
the Social Services Department and increase demands for its ser-
vices.
Medical Facilities
Pamlico County does not have any hospital facilities; however,
the County does have a Medical Center which is a privately owned
office clinic with modern facilities and adequate parking to handle
the practice of two physicians. However, only one physician prac-
tices in this building and needs an additional one. The County
also has a full-time practicing dentist. The County also has a
pharmacy located near the Pamlico Medical Center. This centrally
located facility should be sufficient for pharmaceutical needs in
the foreseeable future.
New Bern, in Craven County at the western edge of Pamlico
County, serves as the major medical center for a county area. The
Craven County Hospital is presently expanding its facilities
and adding more rooms. New Bern has the physicians, dentists and
registered -nurses to adequately serve the needs of not only Craven
County but Pamlico County as well.
It would not be economically feasible to greatly expand the
medical facilities presently offered by the County considering
present and estimated future population.
County Health Department
• The Pamlico County Health Department is housed in twenty-
13�

two hundred equare foot single story brick building in Bayboro.
• This structure is of modern design and is adequate for the use
intended.
The Department has a part-time health officer that visits
periodically from Craven County. However, a private physician
located in Pamlico County serves as clinician for the Department.
' Medical equipment such as x-ray machines, laboratory equipment,
etc. is maintained in the building. Regular maintenance and re-
placement will be adequate to maintain a proper level of service.
The Department's services include sanitation, statistics,
clinics, etc. as do other county health departments. However,
this health department has two major fields of concern that over-
shadow other elements. The lack of public water and sewers any-
where in the County coupled with poor drainage creates extreme
difficulties with septic tank and drainage field operations. A
second prevalent problem is mosquito control.
The administrative officer of the Department supervises thir-
teen employees, including nurses, sanitarians, clerks, x-ray
technicians, dragline operators and mechanics. The present staff
is deemed sufficient with the part-time services of the health
officer and clinician.
Under the mosquito control and sanitary landfill operations
the Department maintains two draglines, five pick-up trucks, a
landing craft, a tractor truck, a lowboy, a flatbed, semi -trailer
truck, two outboard motor boats, a grass mowing boat, two dump
trucks, a crane, a front end loader a complete garage. The De-
_�F
l3�

partment has an extensive operation with approximately 1,250 miles
• of ditching in Pamlico and Beaufort Counties as well as operating
five sanitary landfills throughout the Pamlico County.
Sheriff's Department
The Pamlico County Sheriff's Department provides law enforce-
ment throughout the entire County including the incorporated muni-
cipalities. The Town of Oriental does have part-time unpaid law
enforcement in addition to the Sheriff's Department.
The Department consists of the sheriff, three deputies that
work in the field, and one full-time and one part-time deputy
assigned to office duty with the primary responsibility of main-
taining office records. New recruits in the Department as well
as experienced employees, receive "on -the -job -training" and at-
tend areawide law enforcement courses to meet new federal regula-
tions.
The Department presently has three patrol cars, .two 1974
Fords and one 1975 Ford. These vehicles are equipped with the
latest communications equipment for direct contact with the sheriff's
office.
Also included in the duties of the sheriff's department are
collection of taxes and supervision of the jail through the deputy
sheriff designated as the jailer. The Sheriff's Department is
housed behind the county courthouse and is adequate for present
and future population in Pamlico County.
Road System
Pamlico County does not have an extremely well developed
_W_
%LIC)

primary or secondary road system. Highways $5, 304, and 306 form
. the primary road network for the County. There are a total of
184.2 miles of paved roads and 79.6 miles of unpaved roads in the
County. This involved 47.3 miles of rural primary roads and 10.1
miles of municipal primary roads. Access to the County is limited
due to the convenance of the Neuse and Pamlico Rivers into the
Pamlico Sound. The major access is by Highway 55 which runs east-
west from New Bern to Bayboro where it turns to the south and
terminates in Minnesott Beach.
The secondary road system of Pamlico County is also not well
developed due to the quality land in certain portions of the
County as well as the sparce population. The secondary road sys-
tem is made up of 194.3 miles of rural secondary road and 9.4
miles of municipal secondary road. The secondary.road system is
most densely developed around the growth centers of the County.
The road system for the County is not well developed although
it is considered adequate to serve both existing and projected
development in the County. Access is a primary factor which lim-
its the potential of Pamlico County and it would be very expensive
to span the Neuse and Pamlico Rivers to improve egress and ingress
to Pamlico County. Should these bridges be built, the thorough-
fare plan calls for the rerouting and four-laning of Highway 306.
Currently, the most highly used section of road in Pamlico County
is along Highway 55 between Grantsboro and Alliance with an average
daily traffic count of 4,000. This is quite below its capacity.

C
•
V. ESTIMATED PEMANA
14;L-

•
ESTIMATED DEMAND
Population & Economy
Ten -Year Population Estimates
The Department of Administration figures for future popula-
tions in Pamlico County were based primarily on past trends. The
population has been decreasing since 1940 and the Department of
Administration predicts this trend to continue. T#e estimates
were developed using a range due to the fact that there are so
many unknown factors which may affect future populations of Pam-
lico County. The use of a range allows for the prediction of a
mean population for the years in question while providing a pre-
diction as to the possible range which could occur. The use of
a range of population is also helpful when predicting income and
expenditures since various ends of the range can be used in order -
not to overestimate.revenue and underestimate needs for service.
Population estimates for Pamlico County were made for a fifty
year period, 1980, 1985, 1990, 2000, and 2025. It is necessary
to realize that the validity of projections made after 1985 de-
creased significantly since projections are made by using the pop-
ulation figures of the two previous dates, both of these being
projectioned figures. There is no data or personal knowledge
available which could contradict the projections made by the De-
partment of Administration and it is realized that major steps
would be necessary to alter the decreasing trend in population.'
/L43

0
TABLE 26
Pamlico
County Population
Projections
1980
1985
1990
2000
2025
Range 8,500
8,100
7,700
6,500
6,300
Mean 9,000
8,800
8,600
8,000
7,900
Range 9,500
9,500
9,500
9,500
94,500
These population estimates indicate the decrease in popula-
tion will continue in Pamlico County and this fact is substanti-
ated by general economic conditions which exist in the County.
Seasonal Populations
A significant seasonal population ocpurs during the summer
;months as vacationers are attracted to the water resources of
the County. The following figures are estimates of a summer
population based on the private seasonal dwelling units, motel
-,.rooms, and campground facilities.
TABLE 27
Additional Seasonal Population - Pamlico County
Township I Township II Township III Township IV Township V
* 417 * 288 *135 * 81 * 1,333
Total - 2,254
*Estimated additional summer population

As stated in the land use issues section the long range
projections which show a uecline are not in keeping with the
majority of the citizens' desires.
Therefore, the relationship of the capabilities of the
land and water to sustain a declining population is one of
adequacy. Also, the capabilities of the land and water must
be determined to know when a threshold of incapability is being
reached. This is a study which needs to be undertaken as soon
as possible.
Major Trends in the Economy
The main basic industry is, and shall continue to be, sea-
food processing with timber products being second. Farm products
added to these cover most of the County's exports and constitute
the basic industries. Present cost of farm production will place
more and more pressures for farm consolidation. Although the
trend is toward fewer farm workers because of mechanization the
income from farming will increase due to the necessity to meet
the world's increasing need for food.
Although phosphate lands have been purchased by mining
companies, these are reserves that are not expected to be mined
in the next fifty years.
A local labor supply is increasing with the displacement of
farm workers due to mechanization. However, before the local
labor pool can be utilized certain obstacles must be overcome.
Two prime deterrents to industrial development in Pamlico County
Are apparent. These deterrents are:

1) lack of water and sewer facilities
0 2) lack of north-gouth transportation route.
Bayboro has just completed a public water system and is in
a 201 wastewater treatment planning area along with Alliance,
Stonewall, Vandemere, and portions of Mesic. Oriental is in the
process of obtaining a public water system and Minnesott Beach
has a private water system. Ferries are now operating across
the Pamlico and Neuse Rivers giving Pamlico County a north -south
route. Hopefully, enough usage will merit a bridge across these
two rivers giving even better access to and.from Pamlico County.
These steps are in the right direction and in time should
strengthen the economy of the County.
Another important segment of Pamlico County's economy is
its tourist trade. The water resources of Pamlico County are a
great recreational attraction. There are'five summer camps in
operation in the County located along the water. There are 623
seasonal dwelling units in Pamlico County which are predominantly
owned by non -county residents. These visitors bring outside
money into the County and help stimulate the local economy. It
is expected that an even greater number of tourists will come
to Pamlico County in the future with the possibility of some
settling permanently in the area. The influx of new people,
even seasonally, must be planned for, if they are to benefit
the County to the fullest extent. Water and sewer facilities
needs must be anticipated and subdivisions must be developed
properly if the natural resources of Pamlico County are to be
conserved. Non -intensive recreation is Pamlico County's main
ILEG

attraction and should continue to stimulate the County's economy.
• Future .Land Needs
Population projections for Pamlico County indicate no growth
over the next ten year planning period. However, inter -county
population shifts are occurring with the migration of the County's
younger citizens away from the area, and migration of water oriented
tourists and retirees into the areas of highest water recreational
potential. Although there are no areas designated developed,
transition areas have been designated in the County in the face
of a declining population. This is due to generally poor soils
for septic tanks in an area where water and sewer facilities are
most feasible.
Therefore, the County's transition area will be the only
area change from its existing land use pattern. As noted above
this will be from a health and environmental standpoint rather
than a. large population increase.
Community Facilities Demand
E.ec'aust_-, a no growth population projection, the ten-year
popul.at.ic;n projections were not used to determine facilities de -
Wand,, a at 4 ^ Ltd sewer needs were based on generally poor soils
for septic tanks; a high water table, and a need for a more potable
source of water.
As was mentioned earlier, Bayboro has just completed a muni-
cipaT water system. An eight inch main runs up to the town limits
of Alliance and discussion has
taken place over the purchase
of
•
water by Alliance from Bayboro.
Bayboro has
also discussed
this
%e47

•
possibility with Stonewall and Vandemere. Oriental is in the pro-
cess of acquiring a public water system and has received a $340,000
loan from FmHA and a $200,000 grant under the Rural Development
Program. A private water system �s operating in Minnesott Beach.
The communities of Alliance, Bayboro, Stonewall, Vandemere
and Mesic are included in a "201" Facilities Planning Area. After
the completion of an engineering study to determine the feasibility
of a sewerage disposal system and/or systems in the area money will
possibly be available from federal and state sources along with
local funds fo"r the installation of s4id systems. A copy of the
201 boundary area map is to be found on page 195.
The Bayboro 201 planning area encompasses all of the land in
the County designated Transition Area. The Environmental Protec-
tion Agency has guaranteed 75% of the funds necessary for a sewer-
age disposal plant in the planning area. Likewise, the state will
contribute 12 1/2% and the local governments involved must provide
the remaining 12 1/2% of the necessary funds.
The initial 201 planning study has not been completed,discuss-
ing need and cost in the Bayboro 201 planning area. Therefore,
the ability of the local governments cannot be ascertained at this
time.
The following tables on revenues and expenditures and analysis
of outstanding debt may be instrumental in determining the ability
to finance community facilities.
40
lqg

COUNIT REV,T; :U 'S AND I."XI'1:N1)'['.illI 1 S, I'.l5 iT,1C0 t:Of.f1;�Y
FISCJ".L Y1"A'R 1.971.-72
•
General Revenues
Intergovernmental revenue
Tax revenue
Charges and miscellaneous
General Expenditures,
T �1 uric rions
Education
Public Welfare
Health
Interest on general debt
Other expenditures
Tax revenue, per capita
General revenues, per capita
General expenditures, per.
capita
(Fig urns in Thousands of Dollar -! )
I'HTT'f--co -
$2,819
2,169
539
ill
2, 811.
2,127
327
143
1
213
57
298
297
Source: U. S. Bureau of the Census. 1974. 1972 census of govern-
ments. Volume 4, governments finances. Plumber 3, finances
of county governments. U.S. Government Printing Office,
Washington, D.C.
TABLE 29
Analysis of Outstandin Debt - Pamlico County
At dune :30, `I�'75
Estimated
Population
July 1., 1974
9,400
n
U
Total
Assessed
Valuation
(1.00%)
(1974-1975)
$53,486,263
Outstanding
Debt
$146,700
-AM-
Debt Ratios
Appraises }'cr
Valuation Capita
M
.27 $15.61

TABLE 30
• MUNTUPALITIES
Ana_l�sis_of Outstanding, Debt
At June 30, 1975�
Estimated Total Debt Ratios
Population Assessed Outstanding Appra
Municipality July 1, 1974 Valuation Debt Valuation Capita
100% io
BAYBORO 664 $3,456,086 $305,000 8.83 $459.33
As of now Oriental is not on the priority list for municipal
funding of waste water treatment facilities. However, with the
towns growth as a resort area the need of a treatment plant may
become more feasible in the next five or six years.
The school system in Pamlico County is presently adequate.
It is operating at 97% and population projections indicate it will
not rise above this figure.
There is no further need to expand the present road system of
Painlico County. With the occurrence of a bridge crossing the
Pamlico and Neuse Rivers consideration should then be given to the
upgrading of Highway 306.
}rF

•
VI. PLAN DESCRIPTION

Description of Land Classification System
• The land classification system for the coastal area consists
of five classes listed as follows:
0
A. Developed - Lands where existing population density is
moderate to high and where there are a variety of land
uses which have the necessary public services. They
are areas with a minimum gross population density of
2,000 people per square mile. At a minimum,these lands
contain existing public services including water and
sewer systems, education systems, and road systems ---
all of which are able to support the present population
and its accompanying land uses including commercial,
industrial, and institutional.
B. Transition - Lands where local government plans to accom-
modate to high density development during the following
ten year period and necessary public services will be pro-
vided to accommodate that growth. This area must be no
greater than that required to accommodate the estimated
Population growth at a minimum gross density of
2,000 F:,eupl.e per square mile. The minimum services which
'Will Ie required are the necessary water and sewer facili-
ties, educational services, and roads.
:. Community - Lands where low density development is grouped
in existing settlements during the following ten year
period and which will not require extensive public services
now or in the future. This class will provide for all new
rural growth when the lot size is ten acres or less. Such
15-21

clusters of growth may occur in new areas, or within
existing community lands, As a guide for calculating
the amount of land necessary to accommodate new rural
community growth, a gross population density of 640
people per square mile or one person per acre should
be used.
D. Rural - Lands whose highest use .is for agriculture,
forestry, mining, water supply, etc., based on their
natural resource potential. Also included are lands
for future needs not currently recognized. The Rural
class identifies land for long-term management for
productive resource utilization and when limited public
services will be provided. Development in such areas
should be compatible with resource production. The Rural
class includes all lands not in the developed, transition,
community, and conservation classes.
E. Conservation - Fragile, hazard, and other lands necessary
to maintain a healthy natural environment and necessary
to provide for the public health, safety, or welfare.
Lands placed in the Conservation class are the least de-
sirable for development because:
1) They are too fragile to withstand development without
losing their natural value and/or;
2) They have severe or hazardous limitations to develop-
ment and/or;
3) Though they are not highly fragile or hazardous, the
natural resources they represent are too valuable to
endanger by development.

Projected Description by Township
• The following is the next ten year policy for development
by township for Pamlico County and a map of the described areas
is Found in the pocket on the back cover. The ten year popula-
tion projection was utilized as the basis for determining land
demand for land classification. Lands classed Transition, Com-
munity and Rural were based on local objectives.
Township I
The land in Township I should remain predominantly rural.
There are to be no developed or transition area; however, there
will be areas of community designation. These communities and
their acreages are:
Olympia
162.0
Reelsboro
306.0
Grantsboro
216.0
Kennel's Beach
43.2
Conservation areas are those marshlands situated along the
Upper Broad Creek and its mouth along the Neuse River, Goose Creek,
and Beard's Creek. These areas are also Areas of Environmental
Corice rn alo a -i. t h thc. estuarine waters of the creeks and Neuse
Township I lands and an area of erosion along the
Neuse River near the mouth of Beard's Creek. Another Area of
E:rivironICent.al Concern is the "Grandpappy" Holly Tree located along
State Road 1126. This tree is of h.storical and botanical value
being the oldest holly tree in the U.S.A.
Township 11
Township 11 land will remain predominantly rural. There will
be no areas of developed classification and one area of transition.
This azea of transition is along Highway 55 (9.08 acres) leading
_low

11
Ll
into Stonewall and in Stonewall (91.80 acres) along a portion of
State Road 1337. This total area is approximately 100.9 acres
and has been designated transition because water and sewer facili-
ties are needed from a health standpoint. Soils are not generally
suited for septic tanks.
The four acres designated communities and their acreages are:
Florence 270.0
Pamlico
Whortonsville
Merritt
46.8
158.4
144.0
Conservation areas will be the marshlands along the Neuse and Bay
Rivers and the marshlands along their creeks. These areas are
also designated Areas of Environmental Concern. Other areas of
Environmental Concern in Township II are the estuarine waters of
the Neuse and Bay Rivers and their creeks and areas of erosion
along the Neuse River. (The areas are shown on the AEC map).
Township -III
The land of Township III will also remain predominantly rural.
There will be no developed areas; however, there will be the largest
area of transition in.the County located in Township III. This
area (actually two adjoining areas) is Bayboro and Alliance. This
transition area is approximately 171.23 acres in Alliance and 181.35
acres in Bayboro for a total of 352.58 acres. Here, too, this area
has been designated transition because water and sewer facilities
are needed from a health standpoint. Soils are not generally suited
for septic tanks.

The three areas and their acreages designated community in
• the Township are:
Maribel 208.8
Vandemere 234.0
Mesic 522.0
Conservation areas in Township III are those marshlands along the
Bay River and its creeks and those marshlands around Jones Bay.
Those estuarine waters of the Bay River and its creeks, Jones Bay,
and those of Pamlico Sound are also conservation areas. These
same conservation areas are to be Areas of Environmental Concern.
Township IV
There will be nd developed or transition classification de
f
signated in Township IV. Two community classifications and their
acreages in the Township are:
Hobucken 424.8
Lowland 415.6
Conservation areas will be all marshlands surrounding Goose Creek
Island, and all the estuarine waters surrounding Goose Creek Island.
Rural lands be the remaining interior land of Goose Creek
Island and treat portion west of the Goose Creek Wildlife Management
Area.
Those lands to be designated Areas of Environmental Concern
are all conservation lands.
Township V
The majority of Township V land is also rural. There will be
no developed classification and there will be no transition area

The designated communities of the Township are:
• Oriental 288.0
Dawson's Creek 180.0
Janiero 151.2
Minnesott Beach 691.2
Arapahoe 439.2
These communities have a fluctuating population that peaks
during the summer months. Conservation areas will be those marsh-
lands along the Neuse River and its creeks.
Areas of Environmental Concern will consist of these same
conservation areas, erosive areas along the Neuse River, estuarine
waters of the Neuse River and its creeks and China Grove Plantation
House.
Or
/S%

•
VII. AREAS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERN
• -3056-
.010
15-r

AREAS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERN
Pamlico County proposed interim Areas of Environmental Con-
cern as mapped include the following categories with guideline
description and specific land uses allowed.
Coastal Wetlands - General
Coastal wetlands are defined as 'any salt marsh or other
marsh subject to regular or occasional flooding by tides, in-
cluding wind tides (whether or not the tide waters reach the
marshland areas through natural or artificial watercourses), pro-
vided this shall not include hurricane or tropical storm tides.'
Salt marshland or other marsh shall be those areas upon which
grow some, but not necessarily all, of the following salt marsh
and marsh plant species: Smooth or salt water Cordgrass (Spar-
tina alterniflora); Black Needlerush (Juncus roemerianus); Glass -
wort (Salicornia spp.); Salt Grass (Distichlis Spicta); Sea La-
vender (Limonium spy); Bulrush (Scirpus spp.); Saw Grass (Cla-
dium jamaicense); Cat -Tail (Typha spp.); Salt -Meadow Grass
(Spartina patens); and Salt Reed Grass (Spartina cynosuroides).
included in this statutory definition of wetlands is 'such con-
tiguous land as the Secretary of NER reasonably deems necessary
Ito affect by any such order in carrying out the purposes of this
Section. (G.S. 113-230 (a)) .'
For policy purposes, coastal wetlands may be considered in
two categories: (1).low tidal marsh; (2) other coastal marshlands
which have different significance and policy implications.
Coastal Wetlands - Low Tidal Marshland
"• a. Description. Defined as marshland consisting primarily

of Spartina alterniTra and usually subject to inundation by the
normal. rise and fall or lunar tides.
b. Significance. Low tidal marshland servos as a critical
component in the coastal ecosystem. The marsh is the basis for
the high net yield system of the estuary through the production
of organic detritus (partially decomposed plant material) which
is the primary input source for the food chain of the entire
estuarine system. Estuarine dependent species of fish and shell-
fish such as menhaden, shrimp,.flounder, oysters and crabs cur-
rently make up over 90 percent of the total value of North Carolina's
commercial catch.
In addition, the roots and rhizomes of the Spartina alterni-
flora serve as waterfowl food and the stems as wildlife nesting
material. Low tidal marsh also serves as the first line of de-
fense in retarding shoreline erosion. The plant stems and leaves
tend to dissipate wave action while the vast network of roots re-
sists soil erosion. Marshes of this type operate additionally as
traps for sediment originating from upland runoff thus reducing
siltation of the estuarine bottoms and consequent detriment to
marine organisms.
c. Policy Objective. To give the highest priority to the
preservation of low tidal marshland.
d. Specific Land Uses. Specific land uses shall be those
consistent with the above policy objective. These marshes are
considered unsuitable for all development which will alter their
• natural functions. Inappropriate land usss include, but are not
_9W
4t
/4�00

limited to the following examples: restuarants and businesses;
• residences, apartments, motels, hotels, and trailer parks; parking
lots and offices; spoil and dump sites; wastewater lagoons, public
and private roads and highways; and factories. Examples of accept-
able land uses include utility easements, fishing piers, docks,
certain agricultural uses except when excavation or filling affect-
ing estuarine or navigable waters is involved, and such other uses
which do not signficantly alter the natural functions of.the marsh.
e. Location. Low tidal marshland in Pamlico County is found
predominantly in the northeastern part of the County adjacent to
the Pamlico Sound.
f. Enforcement. Enforcement of the specific land use re-
quirements of the above subsection d. shall be maintained through
enabling legislation (G.S. 153A) and existing state and federal
law.
Coastal Wetlands - Other Coastal Marshland
a. Description. All other marshland which is not low tidal
marshland and which contains the species of vegatation.
b. Significance. This marshland type also contributes to
,the detritus supply necessary to the highly productive estuarine
system essential to North Carolina's economically valuable com-
mercial and sports fisheries.
The higher marsh types offer quality wildlife and water-
fowl habitat depending on the biological and physical conditions
of -the marsh. The vegetative diversity in the higher marshes
• usually supports a greater diversity of wildlife types than the
_MW
16/

limited habitat of the low tidal marsh.' This marshland type also r
1•
• se0p.s as an important deterrent to shoreline erosion especially
in those marshes containing heavily rooted species. The dense
system of rhizomes and roots of Juncus roemerianus are highly re-
sistent to erosion. In addition, the higher marshes are effective
sediment traps.
C. Policy Objectives. To give a high priority to the pre-
servation and management of the marsh so as to safeguard and per-
petuate their biological, economic and aesthetic values.
d. Specific Land Uses. Specific land uses shall be those
consistent with the above policy objective. Highest priority
shall be given to the conservation of existing marshlands. Second
priority for land use allocation of this type shall be given to
development which requires water access and cannot function any-
where else, such as ports, docks and marinas, provided that the
actual location of such facilities within the marsh consider coastal,
physical and biological systems and further provided that feasible '
alternatives regarding location and design have been adequately
considered and need for such development can be demonstrated. Such
allocation may only be justified by the projected land use demands
and by community development objectives, but in no case shall the
allocation exceed the capacity of the marshland system to sustain
losses without harm to the estuarine ecosystem unless the losses
would be offset by a clear and substantial benefit to the public.
e. Location. Other coastal marshland is found in Pamlico
County predominantly along the interior streams and the Bay River.
,fit

f. Enforcement. Enforcement of the specific land use require-
ments of the
above
subsection d. shall be
maintained through enabling
legislation
(G.S.
153A) and existing state
and federal law.
Estuarine Waters
a. Description. Estuarine waters are defined in G.S. 113-229
(n)(2) as, 'all the water of the Atlantic Ocean within the boundary
of North Carolina and all the waters of the bayq, sounds, rivers,
and tributaries thereto seaward of the dividing line between coastal
fishing waters and inland fishing waters, as set forth in an agree-
ment adopted by the Wildlife Resources Commission and the Department
of Conservation and Development filed with the Secretary of State
entitled 'Boundary Lines, North Carolina Commercial Fishing Inland
Fishing Waters, revised March 1, 1965,' or as it may be subsequently
revised by the Legislature.
b. Significance. Estuarines are among the most productive
natural environments of North Carolina. They not only support
valuable commercial and Sports fisheries, but are also utilized
for commercial navigation, recreation, and aesthetic purposes.
Species -dependent upon estuaries such as menhaden, shrimp, flounder,
oysters and crabs make up over 90 percent of the total value of
North Carolina's commercial catch. These species must spend all
or some part of their life cycle in the estuary. The high level
of.commercial and sports fisheries and the aesthetic appeal of
Coastal North Carolina is dependent upon the protection and sus-
tained quality of our estuarine areas.
c. Policy Objective. To preserve and manage estuarine waters
so as to safeguard and perpetuate their biological, economic, and

aesthetic values.
• d. Specific Uses. Specific uses shall be those consistent
with the above policy objective. Highest priority shall be given
to the conservation of estuarine waters. The development of navi-
gational channels, the use of bulkheads to prevent erosion, and
the building of piers or wharfs where no other feasible alternative
exists are examples of land uses appropriate within estuarine waters
provided that such land uses will not be detrimental to the biolo-
gical and physical estuarine functions and public trust rights.
Projects which would directly or indirectly block or impair exist-
ing navigation channels, increase shoreline erosion, deposit spoils
below mean high tide, cause adverse water circulation patterns, vio-
late water quality standards, or cause degradation of shellfish
waters are generally considered incompatible with the management of
estuarine waters.
e. Location. Those waters classified as estuarine as opposed
to inland waters in Pamlico County are as follows;
Pamlico River ................. Inland Waters above, Estuarine
Waters below N & S RR bridge at
Washington
Lower Goose Creek (2) Inland Waters above, Estuarine
Waters below a line from Pasture
Point to Long Neck Point
Dixons Creek (3) ............. Estuarine
Patons Creek (4) ............. Estuarine
Wilson Creek (5) ............. Estuarine
Eastham ,reek (6) ............. Inland Waters above, Estuarine
Waters below Watson Fishhouse
Upper Spring Creek (7)........ Inland Waters above, Estuarine
Waters.below N.C. 304 bridge
Oyster Creek (8)....... ..... Estuarine
• Clark Creek (9)............... Estuarine
Middle Prong (10)... Estuarine
James Creek (11) ............. Estuarine
l�

Pamlico Sound (12). ............Estuarine
Porpoise Creek (13).............Estuarine
Drum Creek (14) ................Estuarine
Bay River (15)..................Inland Waters above, Estuarine Waters
• below piling at Stonewall
Gale Creek (16).................
Inland Waters above, Estuarine Waters
below N.C. 304 bridge
Chadwick Creek (17).............Estuarine
Bear Creek (18). .. . ......Estuarine
Vandemere Creek (19)............ Inland Waters above, Estuarine Waters
below N.C. 304 bridge
Long Creek (20).................Inland Waters
Smith Creek (21)................Estuarine
Chapel Creek (22)...............Inland Waters above, Estuarine Waters
below N.C. 304 bridge
Raccoon Creek (23)..............Estuarine
Neals Creek (24) ...............Estuarine
Trent Creek (25) ...............Inland Waters above, Estuarine Waters
below Thomas Creek
Masons Creek (26)...............Estuarine
Moore Creek (27) ...............Estuarine
Rices Creek (28)................Estuarine
Ball Creek (29).................Estuarine
Cabin Creek (30)................Estuarine
Riggs Creek (31)................Estuarine
Spring Creek (32)...............Estuarine
Greens Creek (33)...............Estuarine
Neuse River (34)................Inland Waters above, Estuarine Waters
below Pitch Kettle
Swan Creek (35).. .........Estuarine
Lower Broad Creek (36).......... Inland Waters above, Estuarine Waters
below Old Mill Site
Greens Creek (37)...............Estuarine
Pittman Creek (38)..............Estuarine
Burton Creek (39)...............Estuarine
Brown Creek (40). ..............Estuarine
Spices Creek (41)...............Estuarine
Gideon Creek (42)...............Estuarine
Tar Creek (43). ..............Estuarine
Parris Creek (44)...............Estuarine
Orchard Creek (45)..............Estuarine
Pierce Creek (46). .. ..........Estuarine
Whitaker Creek (47)............Estuarine
Smith Creek (48)................Inland Waters above, Estuarine Waters
below a point one mile above mouth
Greens Creek (49)...............Inland Waters above, Estuarine Waters
below a point one mile above mouth
Kershaw Creek (50)..............Inland Waters above, Estuarine Waters
below a point one mile above mouth
Dawson Creek (51)...............Inland Waters above, Estuarine Waters
below a point three-quarters mile above
mouth
Tarkiln Creek (52)..............Inland Waters
Gatlin Creek (53)...............Inland Waters
Little Creek (54) ........... .Inland Waters
Mill Creek (55) ...............Inland Waters
Beard Creek (56)................Inland Waters above, Estuarine Waters
below a point three-quarters mile above
mouth
Lower Duck Creek (57)........... Inland Waters
Goose Creek (58)................Inland Waters above, Estuarine Waters
below the Narrows
Upper Aoad Creek.(59).......... Inland Waters above, Estuarine Waters
below Flatty Creek
Flatty Creek (60)..............•Inland Waters

f. Enforcement. Enforcement of the specific land use re-
quirements of
the
above subsection d. shall be maintained through
existing state
and
federal law.
Renewable Resource Areas - Watersheds or Aquifers - General
Public water supply watersheds or aquifers are defined as
areas that are present sources of public water supply, as identi-
fied by the N.C. Commission for Health Services or the Environmental
Management Commission, or that are classified for water supply
pursuant to G.S. 143-214.1.
Renewable Resource Areas - Watersheds or Aquifers - Small Surface
Water Supplies '
a. Description. Defined as relatively small watersheds or
catchment areas which contain a stream(s) classified A-I.or A -II by
the Environmental Management Commission.
b. Significance. Small water supply watersheds represent a
source of potable water for a locality or region. Any loss or
serious detriment to such an area would have serious public health
implications. Such a loss would also have a significant adverse
financial impact.
Uncontrolled development within the watershed would cause
significant changes in the runoff patterns and would affect the
quantity of water available as a raw water supply. Such develop-
ment would also adversely affect water quality by introducing a
wide variety of pollutants from homes, businesses, or industries,
either through discharge or surface runoff into the water supply.
c. Policy Objective. To insure the continued maintenance

of water quality and quantity of the surface water supply.
• d. Specific Land Uses. Specific land uses shall be those
consistent with the above policy objective.
e. Location. At the present time there ale no watersheds
on catchment areas in Pamlico County which contain stream(s)
classified A -I 6d A -II by the Environmental Management Commission.
This category will only become effective should a Pamlico County
stream be so designated.
f. Enforcement. Enforcement of the specific land use re-
quirements of the above subsection d. shall be the responsibility
of the N.C. Department of Natural and Economic Resources, Division
of Environmental Management.
Fragile, Historic or Natural Resource Areas - Areas Contai
Unique Geological Formations
a. Description. Areas containing unique geological forma-
tions will be identified by the State Geologist. These places
contain surface -or near surface formations that are either themselves
unique or are especially unusual or notable examples of geologic
formations or processes in the coastal area.
b. Significance. Unique geological areas provide surface or
near surface exposures of unique geologic formation or processes
of the coastal area. They are important education, scientific,
or scenic resources that would be jeopardized by uncontroled or in-
compatible development.
c. Policy objective. To preserve the scientific, educational
or scenic values of unique geological formations so that they may
-ago,_
16 /

be available for future study and enjoyment.
d. Specific Land Uses. Specific land uses shall be those
consistent with the above policy objective. Uses within areas
containing unique geological formations shall be tailored to the
particular unique qualities of the individual area.
e. Location. There is one such area in the County contain-
ing Pleistocene marine invertibrate fossils as well as terrestrial
vertebrate fossils. It is located on Benner's Plantation in the
Dawson Creek area.
f. Enforcement. Enforcement of the specific land use re-
quirements of the above subsection d. shall be through G.S. 153A.
Fragile, Historic or Natural Resource Area - Historical Places
a. Description. Defined as historic places that are listed,
or have been approved for listing by the North Carolina Historical
Commission, in the National Register of Historic Places pursuant
to the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966; historical,
archaeological, and other places and properties owned, managed, or
assisted by the State of North Carolina pursuant to G.S. 121; and
properties or areas that are designated by the Secretary of the
Interior as National Historic Landmarks.
b. Significance. Historic resources are both non-renewable
and fragile. 'They owe their significance to their association
with American history, architecture, archaeology, and culture.
Properties on or approved for the National Register of Historic
• Places may be of national, state, or local significance.
lei
,■I:

C. Policy Objective. To protect and/or preserve the integrity
• of districts, sites, buildings, and objects in the above categories.
d. Specific Land Uses. Specific land uses shall be those
consistent with the above stated policy objective. Land use which
will result in substantial irreversible damage to the historic
value of the area is inappropriate.
e. Location. Pamlico County has,two sites of historic pigni-
ficance. The first being the China Grove House located one-half
mile east of Dawson's Creek Bridge on State Road 1302. This house
was constructed in 1790 and is a frame centerhall plan house with
a gable roof incorporating double -tiered porches. The second
significant historic site is the "Grandpappx" Holly Tree located
two miles north of Olympia on Stato Road 1126. This tree is 210
years old with a circumference of 11 feet 1 inch. It is estimated
to be the oldest holly tree in the nation. The site is presently
being maintained for its historic significance.
Areas Subject to Public Rights - General
Areas such as waterways and lands under or flowed by tidal
waters or navigable waters, to which the public may have rights of
access or public trust rights and areas which the State of North
Carolina may be authorized to preserve, conserve, or protect under
Article KIV, Section 5, of the North Carolina Constitution.
Areas Subject to Public Rights - Certain Public Trust Areas
a. Description. All waters of the Atlantic Ocean and the
lands thereunder from the mean high water mark to the seaward
• limit of State jurisdiction; all natural bodies of water subject
to measurable lunar tides and lands thereunder to the mean high

water mark; all navigable natural bodies of water and lands there-
0 under to the mean high water mark or ordinary high water mark as
the case may be, except privately owned lakes to which the public
has no right of access; all waters in artificially created bodies
of water in which exists significant public fishing resources or
other public resources, which are accessible to the public by navi-
gation from bodies of water in which the public has rights of navi-
gation; all waters in artificially created bodies of water in which
the public has acquired rights by prescription, custom, usage, de-
dication or any other means. In determining whether the public has
acquired rights in artificially created bodies of water, the follow-
ing factors shall be considered: (i) the use of the body of water
by the public; (ii) the length of time the public has used the area;
(iii) the value of public resources in the body of water; (iv) whether
the public resources in the body of water are mobile to the extent
that they can move into natural bodies of water; (v) whether the crea-
tion of the artificial body of water required permission from the
State; and (vi) the value of the body of water to the public for navi-
gation from one public area to another public area. For purposes of
the description in Areas Subject to Public Rights - General and Areas
T
Subject to Public Rights - Certain Public Trust Areas, the following
definitions shall apply:
(1) Mean High Water Mark means the line on the shore esta-
blished by the average of all high tides. It is esta-
blished by survey based on available tidal datum. In
.the absence of such datum, the mean high water mark
shall be determined by physical markings or comparison
.of the area in question with an area having similar
physical characteristics for which tidal datum is
readily available.
• (2) Navigable means navigable -in -fact.
1?�

(3) Navigable -in -Fact means capable.of being navigated in
its natural condition by the ordinary modes of navi-
gation including modes of navigation used for recrea-
tion purposes. The natural condition of a body of water
,for purposes of determining navigability shall be the
condition of the body of water at mean high water or
ordinary high water as the case may be, and the condi-
tion of the body of water without temporary natural ob-
structions. Temporary natural conditions such as water
level fluctuation and terporary natural obotructions
which do not permanently or totally prevent navigation
do not make an otherwise navigable stream non -navigable.
(4) Ordinary High Water Mark means the natural or clear line
impressed on the land adjacent to the water body. It
may be established by erosion or gther easily recognized
characteristics such as shelving, change in the character
of the soil, destruction of terrestrial vegetation or its
inability to grow, the presence pf litter and debris, or
other appropriate means which consider the characteristics
of the surrounding area. The ordinary high water mark
does not extend beyond the well defined banks of a river
where such banks exist.
b. Significance. The public has rights in these waters }n-
cluding navigation and recreation. In addition, these waters sup-
port valuable commercial and sports fisheries, have aesthetic value,
and are important potential resources for economic development.
c. Policy Objective. To protect public rights for navigation
and recreation and to preserve and manage the public trust waters
so as to safeguard and perpetuate their biological, economic and
aesthetic value.
d. Specific U_ ses. Specific uses shall be those consistent
with the above policy objective. Any land use which interferes
with the public right of navigation, or other public trust rights,
which the public may be found to have in these waters, shall not
be allowed. The development of navigational Channels, drainage
ditches, the use of bulkheads to prevent erosion, and the building
• of piers or wharfs are examples of land use appropriate within
171

public trust waters provided that such land uses will not be detri-
mental
to the biological and physical
functions and public trust
rights.
Projects which would directly
or indirectly block or im-
pair existing navigation channels, increase shoreline erosion, de-
posit spoils below mean high tide, cause adverse water circulations
patterns, violate water quality standards, or cause degradation of
shellfish waters are generally considered incompatible with the man-
agement of public trust waters.
e. Location. Lands and water within Pamlico County which meet
the descriptive requirements of subsection a. are found throughout
the County. Each individual site must therefore: be judged on its
own circumstances, but are predominantly shorelines and waterways.
f. Enforcement. Enforcement of the specific land use require-
ments of the above subsection d. shall be maintained through exist-
ing state and federal law.
Natural Hazard Areas - General
Natural hazard areas where uncontrolled or incompatible develop-
ment could unreasonable endanger life or property, and other areas
especially vulnerable to erosion, or other adverse effects of sand,
wind, and water.
Natural Hazard Areas - Excessive Erosion Areas - General
Areas where geologic and soil conditions are such that there
is a substantial possibility of excessive erosion or seismic activity.
0

•
0
Natural Hazard Areas - Excessive Erosion Areas - Estuarine and
River Erodible Areas
a. Description. Defined as the area above ordinary high
water where excessive erosion has a high probability Qf occurring.
In delineating the landward extent of this area a reasonable 25-
year recession line shall be determined using the best available
information. The information necessary to identify these areas
will be supplied by the State geplogist,
b. Significance. The estuarine and sound.and river erodible
areas are natural hazard areas especially vulnerable to erosion.
Development within this type AFC is subjected to the damaging proms
cess of erosion unless special development, standards and preventive_
measures are employed.
C. Policy Objective. To insure that development occurring
within these areas is Compatible with the dynamic nature of the
erodible lands thus minimizing the 1}kelihood of significant loss
of propepty.
d. Specific Land Uses. Specific land uses shall be those
consistent with the above policy objective. Permanent or sub-
stantial residential, commercial, institutional or industrial
structures are not appropriate uses in estuarine and sound and
river erodible areas unless stabilization has been achieved along
the affected reach. Recreational, rural and conservation act�vi-
ties represent approriate land uses in those erodible areas where
shoreline protective construction has not been completed.
-Joe-
173

e. Location. River erodible areas are found along the Neuse
0 River and Pamlico River, and Pamlico Sound. These areas are shown
•
in general terms as proposed AEC's on the countywide map.
f. Enforcement. Enforcement of the specific land use require-
ments for subsection d. above shall be maintained through G.S. 153A.
Development Standards Applicable to All AEC's
a. No development should be allowed in any AEC which would
result in a contravention or violation of any rules, regulations,
or laws of the State of North Carolina or of local government in
which the development takes place.
b. No development should be allowed in any AEC which would
have a substantial likelihood of causing pollution of the waters
of the State to the extent that such waters would be closed to the
taking of shellfish under standards set by the Commission for Health
Services pursuant to G.S. 130-169.01.
l7ff

•
VIII. SUMMARY
0

Data Collection, Analysis, and Conclusions
Data collection required for development of the Pamlico County
Land Development Plan took nearly 18 months and was often an ex-
haustive process. In August of 1974, field surveys were begun to
determine existing land use, the first step in the planning process,
During the period following August, 1974 until November, 1975 when
the first draft plan was submitted to the Coastal Resources Commis-
sion, data collection by staff was a daily duty. All departments
in county government, the municipalities in Pamlico County, and
many state and federal agencies were asked to assist and provide
information for plan development. Private groups and individuals
were often consulted and proved invaluable in obtaining reliable
sources.
Collection of data was organized following conventional plann-
ing for sequence, but not necessarily for methods. Existing infor-
mation on land use, population, and economy was gathered on each
township and presented to the citizens attending each township
meeting. After each meeting summarizes were printed and goals for-
mulated. Proposed areas of environmental concern were drawn from
state categories by the Advisory Board, Planning Board, and County
Commissioners. Land classification resulted in continuing efforts
by the planning groups above and many individuals. An important
step was reached when the first draft was submitted on November 21,,
1975.
After extensive review by the Coastal Resources Commission,
revisions and corrections, the plan is required to meet the test
0 of public review, County adoption, and implementation.
AM
176

Major Conclusions
Any conclusion drawn for the Plan can easily be seen in the
goals and objectives section. The nine goals are:
Recreation
Employment
Water & Sewer
Industrial Development
Land Use Controls
Agricultural & Forestry Production
Marine Habitat Protection
Wildlife
Road System
These goals indicate the desire of the people of Pamlico County to
conserve and preserve Pamlico County and its many resources, not
only for the present, but.also for many future generations.
A second major conclusion can be drawn from the first. Citi-
zens of Pamlico County -must be consulted on any manner of attempt
at land use planning or control by any agency, local or otherwise.
Planning without the assistance or desires of the people will cer-
tainly fail.
•
172

0
B. APPLICATION OF DATA
W
% 7b
ow

Data was applied in every instance to plan formulations.
• Data was researched, collected, and presented to the planning
groups and in many cases, specialized experts and the general
•
public.
Constraints in the application of data were the CAMA guide-
lines and general desires of the County. In most cases little
or no conflict existed. Only in certain transition areas where
density is not anticipated to reach required figures does signi-
ficant conflict occur. Soil and water quality conditions in
these areas dictate the necessity of central water and sewer
service and justify inclusion as county transition zones.
Development in coastal flood plains is the only other area
where conflict may exist between county wishes and CAMA guidelines.
This question, however, can only be resolved after Areas of En-
vironmental Concern are designated and criteria for protection
adopted.
Formulation of all other sections of the Land Use Plan were
a direct analysis and.interpretation of data collected.
0
i7y

9
•
IX. CITY -COUNTY PLAN
RELATIONSHIP DEFINED
/ �?V
4w

Because the County and towns were striving toward similar
•
goals,
a good working relationship
was maintained between rnuni-
cipal
and County interest. Since
there are good communications,
•
because the municipalities elected to come under the county plan-
ning jurisdiction, no inconsistencies arose between city and
county concerning goals and objectives, land use needs, community
facility needs, potential areaq of environmental concern, etc.
Example: Goals for all towns and county emphasized the promotion
and protection of the water and marine resources. Both towns
and county are working toward the realization of a gewerage dis-
posal system for the 201 planning area in the County, in an effort
to protect their marine resources.
l RI)

9
•
SECTION TWO - INCORPORATED AREAS
LA

0
The following are those sections for incor-
porated areas within the county plan.
1?3

ALLIANCE
0 Introduction
The Town of Alliance is located west of Bayboro in central
Pamlico County and was incorporated in 1965. Alliance is bord-
ered on the east by Bayboro, to the south by the Light Ground
Pocosin and to the north by the Bay City Pocosin. The Town is
served by Highway 55 and by a spur of the Southern Railroad.
Alliance had a population of 577 persons in 1970 as indicated
by the census and 576 persons in 1973 based on revenue sharing
records. Alliance has developed with mixed commercial, residen-
tial, governmental and institutional uses.
The general topography of the area is typical to that of
eastern North Carolina. The elevation is approximately 15 feet
mean sea level and slopes very slightly to the east. Portions
of the Town are subject to coastal flooding during severe storms.
Population
Since the Town was incorporated in 1965 the only census
figure for the Town is the 1970 census which places the population
at 577 persons. The population.of the Town is not expected to
increase during the ten year planning period. In order to better
analyze the population of Alliance, a more detailed breakdown of
the overall population is necessary.
The racial composition of Alliance is weighed heavily toward
the white population with 457 or 79.2 percent of the total popula-
tion as compared to 120 non -white residents or 20.2 percent of the
population.
-Ago,-
tpq
OW

Another consideration when studying the population of a town
is the age and sexual makeup of the population. The population
of Alliance is somewhat different than other towns in the area
with heavier concentrations of middle-aged adults and children
under 5 years old. The sexual composition of the population shows
that there are a few more females in the population with 300 as
compared to 277 males.
Age Male Female
Under 5 28 37
5 7 3
6 6 7
7-9 24 15
10-13 15 21
14 6 5
15 8 5
16 3 6
17 3 5
18 4 1
19 4 4
20 1 5
21 3 4
22-24 13 16
25-34 36 31
35-44 34 .26
45-54 24 28
55-59 10 13
60-61 8 6
62-64 6 12
65-74 17 32
75 & Over 17 18
TOTAL 277 300
Future Population
The.Town of Alliance should not experience any significant
growth during the ten year planning period between 1975 and 1985.
A range is used for future population estimates for the Town as-
suming that Alliance is now, and will continue to be, a propor-
tion of the County as far as population is concerned. The use of
0 a range for population estimates has the benefit of using, for

examples, the low end of the range for revenue estimates in order
• not to appropriate funds which will not be available, while using
the high end of the range for needed services in order to insure
available services in case of a population surge. It is also
necessary to realize that as estimates are made farther in the
future they tend to lose validity. However, estimates are pro-
vided for the years 1980, 1985, 1990, 2000, 2025.
Future Population Estimates
1980 1985 1990 2000 2025
Alliance 518-579 493-579 469-579 396-579 384-579
Mean 549 536 524 488 482
Source: North Carolina DepaZtment of Administration
Existing Land Use
The Town of Alliance has approximately 1,098.26 acres within
its corporate limits. The majority of the area is either unde-
veloped in non -urban uses. Only 13.4 percent of the land area
of the Town is developed in urban uses. The 147.36 acres of urban
land is divided into four categories: Residential, Service, Govern-
ment and Institutional and Transportation, Communication and
Utilities.
Land Use Tvpes Acres Percent
Residential 117.21 79.5
Service 13.96 9.5
Government & Institutional 15.79 10.7
Transportation, Communica-
tion & Utilities .40 .3
147.36 100.0
Non -Urban Land Use 950.90
• The largest acreage of developed land is classified as resi-
��
l�S�

•
examples, the low end of the range for revenue estimates in order
not to appropriate funds which will not be available, while using
the high end of the range for needed services in order to insure
available services in case of a population surge. It is also
necessary to realize that as estimates are made farther in the
future they tend to lose validity. However, estimates are pro-
vided for the years 1980, 1985, 1990, 2000, 2025.
Future Population Estimates
1980 1985 1990 2000 2025
Alliance 518-579 493-579 469-579 396-579 384-579
Mean 549 536 524 488 482
Source: North Carolina Depai�tment; of Administration
Existinq Land Use
The Town of Alliance has approximately 1,098.26 acres within
its corporate limits. The majority of the area is either unde-
veloped in non -urban uses. Only 13.4 percent of the land area
of the Town is developed in urban uses. The 147.36 acres of urban
land is divided into four categories: Residential, Service, Govern-
ment and Institutional and Transportation, Communication and
Utilities.
Land Use Tvpes Acres Percent
Residential 117.21 79.5
Service 13.96 9.5
Government & Institutional 15.79 10.7
Transportation, Communica-
tion & Utilities .40 .3
Non -Urban Land Use
147.36 100.0
950.90
• The largest acreage of developed land is classified as resi-
I"

dential. The 1970 census indicates that there are 184 housing
units existing in Alliance. The lack of appreciable population
increase since the 1970 census would substantiate the belief
that this figure has not changed significantly. Residential
development is stripped along Highway 55 as well as rural roads
1347 and 1348. There are also several subdivided tracts in the
Town. Services are mainly scattered along Highway 55. Govern-
ment and institutional uses consist mainly of Pamlico Technical
Institute and County School Bus.facilities. The utilities classi-
fication has one small site on which Carolina Power and Light
Company has a transformer.
Generally land use is mixed with the heaviest concentrations
of development along Highway 55.
Current Plans, Policies, and Regulations
The Town of Alliance is participating ir. a 201 Facility Plan
along with Bayboro and several other towns in the Cour}ty. Alliance
has signed a resolution which allows the County to enforce its
building, plumbing, electrical codes, zoning and subdivision re-
gulations within the town limits.
Federal and state regulations affecting Alliance's jurisdic-
tion are the same as those affecting Pamlico County and for specific
information, the County Land Development Plan should be contacted.
Land Potential
Physical Limitations - Alliance has one main category defined
as hazard areas, that being coastal flood plains. Portions of the
•

Town would be subject to flooding as water is backed up along
•
the
south prong of the Bay
River during severe storms.
Develop-
ment
would not be disrupted
although eventually steps
must be
•
taken to prevent flood damage to future development.
Soil Limitations - The soils found in and around Alliance
have a wide range in limitations varying from no limitation to
urban uses to severe limitations. The Town has five categories
of soil associations: the Lenoir -Craven Assocation, the Leaf-
Bayboro Assocation, the Portsmouth-Torhunta Association, the
Kenansville-Dragston Assocation, and Tidal Marsh Association.
Most of these associations have severe limitations due to slow
percolation rates and high water tables except the Kenansville-
Dragston Association due to the high content of sand.
Source of Water Supply - The Town of Alliance presently
receives all of its water supply from domestic wells. The
majority of these wells penetrate the Castel Hayne Acquifer and
provide adequate water supply for domestic use. In some cases
water from these wells has an unpleasant odor and taste due to
chemicals present in the water. The Town should consider a joint
venture with Bayboro and Stonewall to provide a cooperative water
system between the three towns when it is determined to be feasible.
Steep Slope - There are no areas within the Town of Alliance
that could be considered to have steep slopes. The elevation is
approximately 15 feet mean sea level and varies only slightly from
this figure throughout the Town.
-am-
VOW,

Fragile Areas - There are no areas within the Town that are
• classified as fragile areas. Marshlands which are commonly found
along the rivers and creeks in Pamlico County do not extend as far
west as Alliance along the Bay River.
Areas of Resource Potential - Alliance does not possess any
areas which should be classified as prime resource areas, even
though a large portion of the Town's incorporated area is unde-
veloped when considering urban uses. These areas are not unique
to the general area or at a scale which would warrant inclusion
into a resource potential classification.
Capacity of Community Facilities
Road System: The road system in Alliance acts basically as
a secondary and tertiary system although traffic moving east and
west passes through Alliance along Highway 55. Congestion is not
a major problem along the primary highway nor along secondary roads
serving minor residential development as well as areas outside the
town limits.
Schools: The Town of Alliance does not have any schools with-
in the town limits. The Town is served by a countywide system with
the children being bused to schools in other parts of the County.
The schools in Bayboro and Stonewall are quite accessible to Alliance.
Water and Sewer Treatment Plant: There are no treatment facil-
ities presently existing in Alliance. The residents are served
by domestic wells and septic tanks.

Estimated Demand
•
Ten -Year Population
Estimates: The
Town of Alliance
had a
1970 population
of 577 persons making it
too small for the
Depart-
ment of Administration to maintain records or make meaningful
population projections. Estimates were made using a range and
basing this on the assumption that the Town is proportionate to
the County when considering population and this proportion will
be maintained.
The 1985 population estimates for Alliance indicate a possi-
ble range of population between 493 and 579 with a mean popula-
tion of 536 persons. This would indicate '4:.'minor decrease in the
population for the Town which is in line with the projections for
the County. The decrease would not have to occur if steps are
taken to attract industry in order to provide employment in this
area of the County. This area is a prime location for industrial
development which is necessary for future growth.
Community Facility Demands
The Town of Alliance is in need of most community facilities
such as a water and sewer system, more recreational activities
and improved police,and fire protection. Though the Town is not
projected to grow during the ten year planning period the need for
community facilities exists in order to serve those persons pre-
sently living in the Town. It will also be necessary if growth
is to occur to use services as an enticement for development.
Goals
Goals for the Town of Alliance were established through direct
!=
/�O

citizen input
in the form
of public meetings and
response to a
questionnaire
distributed
throughout the County.
The Town Council,
Advisory Board, County Planning Board, and County Commissioners
formalized these goals and are as follows:
Goal: Develop adequate employment opportunities and pre-
vent further out -migration of young adults from the
Town.
Objectives: Establish selective industrial sites with needed
facilities along Highway 55 and the railroad.
-- Diversify economy by attracting new jobs in manufac-
turing through active recruitment and possible co-
ordination with the County for forming an active
industrial development commission.
-- Establish a water system or connect with the system
being established in Bayboro.
Goal: Protect shellfish and other marine habitat from man-
made pollutants.
Objectives: Encourage a municipal water system and sewage disposal
system and the 201 Planning Program.
Goal: Protect the Town from future mixing of incompatible
land uses.
Objectives: Utilize county regulations to promote planned growth
and development.
Goal: To increase recreational opportunities for all age
groups of the Town.
• Objectives: Support and participate in the County recreation
commission and program.
-�F
lyj

-- Actively seek grants and funds in cooperation with
the County and Town of Bayboro for developing re-
creation sites.
There are major goals and objectives as established by the
Town of Alliance and are felt to be reasonable. These areas
are felt to be important to the future of Alliance. There should
be no problem in accomplishing these goals during the ten year
planning period and should not only accommodate those residents
presently in Alliance but also be beneficial if new development
is to be attracted.

ARAPAHOE
• Introduction
The Town of Arapahoe is located in southern Pamlico County.
Arapahoe is one of the few landlocked towns located in Pamlico
County. The Town is served by Highway 306 which bisects the
Town. There are no railroad facilities serving Arapahoe. Arapa-
hoe is a small community of 212 persons as indicated by the 1970
census and is mainly developed in residential uses and services
acting as a center for agricultural activity in the area.
Arapahoe is somewhat a unique area as far as topography is
concerned in that the Town is situated on an"old dune ridge and
varies in elevation some twenty feet from a high of approximate-
ly 40 feet in the west of Town to approximately 20 feet at the
eastern edge of Town. The Town is relatively free of coastal
flooding due to its location.
Population
The population of Arapahoe has shown practically a steady de-
cline during the past 30 years with the largest decrease occurring
between 1960 and 1970.
Year Population
1940 307
1950 273
1960 274
1970 212
The population for the Town is expected not to vary substan-
tially from the Present,trend, and there is no increase seen dur-
•
PG.
/3

ing the ten-year planning between 1975 and 1985. It is necessary
in order to better analyze the population characteristics of Arapa-
hoe to break down the overall population into various categories.
The racial composition of Arapahoe is almost exclusively white
with 207 persons or 97.6 percent of the population, as compared
to a non -white population of 5 persons or 2.4 percent of the popu-
lation.
Another consideration when studying the population of a town
is the age and sexual makeup of the population. The population of
Arapahoe is distributed farily evenly by age groups. The sexual
composition is also evenly divided with only 6 more females than
males. There area 103 males or 48.6 percent of the population as
compared to 109 females or 51.4 percent of the population.
age Male Female
Under 5 8 5
5 0 2
6 2 1
7-9 6 3
10-13 10 5
14 1 2
15 0 0
16 1 5
17 3 0
18 3 5
19 1 0
20 2 1
21 0 1
22-24 4 3
25-34 13 10
35-44 5 13
45-54 21 16
55-59 3 7
60-61 4 4
62-64 3 4
65-74 8 13
75 & Over 5 9
• TOTAL 103 109
l iq

Future Population
0 The Town of Arapahoe should continue its present trend of do -
crease in population during the ten-year planning period 1975-1985.
There is not much likelihood of industry locating in or around
Arapahoe and the Town must compete with Minnesott Beach for re-
sort type development,
In developing an estimated popul4t0n for Arapahoe a range
was used assuming that the Town is now, and will continue to be,
an integral part of the County and would follow the same patterns
of increase or decrease in population as would the County. The
use of a range for population estimates has the benefit of using,
for example, the low end of the range for revenue estimates in
order not to appropriate funds which will not be available, while
using the high end of the range for service needs in order to in-
sure their availability in case of sudden unexpected population
increases. It is Also necessa;y to realize.that as estimates are
made further into the future they tend to become less valid.; however,
for the purposes of this plan estimates are made for the year 1980,
1985, 1990, 2000,, and 2025.
Future Population Estimates
1980 1985 1990 2000 2025
Arapahoe 190-213 181-213 172-213 145-213 140-213
Mean 202 197 193 179 176
Source: N. C. Department of Administration
Existing Land Use
The Town of.Arapahoe has approximately 336.8 acres within its
• corporate limits. The majority of the area is either undeveloped
or developed in non -urban uses. Approximately 33 percent of the
-4
lo'__

i
•
land area of the Town is developed in urban uses.. That 33 percent
of the Town's corporate limits or 111.03 acres is divided into
three categories: Residential, Service, and Government and In-
stitutional.
Land Use Types
Acres
Percent
Residential
89.44
80.5
Service
9.29
8.4
Government & Institutional
12.30
11.1
Total Urban Land Use
111.03
100.0
Non -Urban Land Use
225.77
The largest acreage of developed 1ano is classified as resi-
dential. The 1970 census indicates that there are 78 housing units
existing in Arapahoe. The populatign has not varied a great deal
from the 1970 figure therefore the housing figure seems to be
fairly accurate. Most of the residential development is stripped
along Highway 306 which is the major north -south highway which
bisects Arapahoe.
Arapahoe has less than 10 percent of its urban land use cate-
gorized as service. These lands are scattered throughout the Town,
intermixed with other land uses.
Government and institutional lands occupy the second largest
category of lands in Arapahoe with 12.30 acres consisting of a
county school site west of Highway 306.
Generally, land use is mixed with the heaviest concentrations
of development along Highway 306 as well as rural roads 1102 and
1117.
40
IetG.

Current Plans, Policies, and Regulations
The Town of Arapahoe has signed a resplution which allows the
County to enforce its building, plumbing, elect#cal codes, zon-
ing and subdivision regulations within the town limtis. The Town
does not participate presently under the county zoning ordinance.
Federal and state regulations affecting Arapahog's jurisdic-
tion are the same as those affecting Pamlico County and for spe-
cific information, the County Land Development plan should be
contacted.
Land Potential
Physical Limitations,- The Town of Arapahoe does not have any
areas within the corporate limits that could be classified as
hazard ai7eas physically limiting potential development. The Town
is not subject to coastal flogding due to its location.along a
former dune line, and gros,on is not a major problem due to the
lack of major water courses and -slope within or adjacent to the
Town.
Soil Limitations - There are two soil associations found with-
in the Town of Arapahoe and they vary from moderate to severe
limitations in the Leon --Lynn Haven Association, �o none to slight
limitations in -the Kenansv�lle-Drags�on Association which
consists of fine sand which has minor limitations for urban use. -
Both associations have seasonal]y high water tables which provide
some limitation to the use of septic tanks,
Source of Water Supply The Town of Arapahoe presently re-

ceives all of its water supply frgm domestic wells. The majority
• of these wells penetrate the Castle Hayne acquifer and provide
adequate water supply for domestic use. In some cases water from
these wells has an unpleasant odor and taste due to chemicals
present in the water. It may be advantageous in the future for the
Town of Arapahoe to reach an agreement with the Town of Minnesott
Beach to join onto their water system.
Steep Slope,- There are no areas within the Town of Arapahoe
that could be considered to have steep slopes. The Town does have
a good deal of relief sloping from west to east with a decrease in
elevation of approximately 20 feet. This gradual slope could by
no means be considered steep.
Fragile Areas - There are no areas within the Town of Arapa-
how that classify as fragile areas. The Town is somewhat unique
in this regard to other Towns in Pamlico County.
Areas of Resource Potential - Arapahoe does not possess any
areas.which should be classified as prime resource areas. Though
a large portion of the Town's incorporated area is undeveloped
when considering urban uses, these areas are not unique to the
general area or at a scale which would warrant inclusion into a
resource potential classification.
Capacity..of Community Facilities
Road System: The Town's road system is comprised almost en-
tirely of rural roads merging in Arapahoe with Highway 306. Con-
gestion is not a major problem considering traffic traveling from
• the west and north to Minnesott Beach and the ferry crossing the
-JOW
AW
ICtE

•
Neuse River.
Schools: The Town of Arapahoe is a part of the Pamlico County
School System. There is one elementary School facility located in
the Town., The children from Arapahoe must be bused to Bayboro and
Stonewall to attend junior and senior high schools. The elementary
school within the Town also receives students from throughout the
county and serves the entire southern portion of the County.
Water and Sewer Treatment Plant: There are no treatment fa -
I
cilities which presently exist in Arapahoe. Theresidents are
served by domestip wells for water supply and septic tanks for
sewage disposal.
Estimated Demand
Ten -Year Population Estimates: The Town of Arapahoe had a
1970 population of 212 Persons making it too small for the Departr
ment of Administration to maintain records or make meaningful pop-
ulation projections. Estimates were made using a range and.bas-
ing this on the assumption that Arapahoe will remain a pertain
proportion of Pamlico County.
The 1985 population estimates for Arapahoe indicate a poss-
ible range of population between 181-213 with a mean population of
197 persons. This would indicate a minor decrease in population
for the Town which is in line with the projections for the County,
Arapahoe is not attractive to either industrial or recreational
development. Much effort is needed if Arapahoe is to reverse the.
present trend of losing population.
Community Facility Demands
The Town of Arapahoe is in need of most community facilities.

The Town is not projected to increase in population during the ten
year
planning period between 1975-1985
and presently the
Town
lacks
sufficient population to afford
expensive services.
It will
be necessary, in order to secure needed facilities for existing
as well as future population, to cooperate fully with the County
and the adjoining Town of Minnesptt Beach for the mutual benefit
of all. Otherwise the cost of most community facilities would be
such that it would not be economical to the citizens of Arapahoe.
Goals
Goals for the Town of Arapahoe were established through di-
rect citizen input in the form of public meetings and response to
a questionnaire distributed throughout the County. The Planning
Board, Advisory Board, and Commissioners formalized these goals
and submitted them to the town board for their approval.
Goal: Develop adequate employment -opportunities and
prevent further out -migration of young adults
from the Town.
Objectives: Support the construction of abridge spanning the
Neuse River fromiMinnesott Deach to Cherry Point
and Craven County in order to allow better access
to the Town.
-- Support the County in obtaining limited desirable
industry for appropriate locations.
Goal: Protect shellfish and other marine habitat from
man-made pollutants.
Objectives: Encourage a municipal water system and sewage dis-

0
posal system in conjunption with.the County and
Minnepott Beach,
Discourage any type of development that is not con-
sistent with the area qnd is detrimental to the
environment through utilization of County, State,.
and Federal Regulations,
Goal: Protect the Town from future.mixing of incompatible
land uses.
Objectives: Utilize county regulations for such purposes.
Goal: To protect and promgte utilization of desirable
agrict}ltural lands.
Objectives: utilize count, state, and federal' regulations tQ
insure that agricultural lands are protected.
--..Promote and utilize the expertise available with-
in toe County for, such purposes - a};ch' as the
Agriggltural Extgnston Ago4}t and the.soil Con-
servation Service.
These are major goals and objectives as established and.are
necessary if 4Xrapohoe is to prpvido an improvpd living environ-
ment for the residents of the Town.
-low
�r

BAYBORO
• Introduction
Bayboro, the county seat, is situated in the north central
section of the County in Township III and along the headwater
of the Bay River. It is'bordered to the north by the Bay City
Pocosin, to the south and east by the Bay River, and west by the
Town of Alliance. .Bayboro is served by Highway 55 and a spur -
line of Norfolk -Southern Railroad that 1perminates there. Bayboro
has the largest year-round population of all municipalities in
the County and serves a large agricultural area. Being the
county seat, it also is the governmental center for the County.
Population
The population o-f Bayboro has fluctuated over the years;
however, slow growth has occurred.
Year
Poo2ulation
1910
370
1920
349
1930
468
1940 i
428
1950
453
1960
545
1970
665
The racial composition of Bayboro is predominantly white,.448,
with 177 black. Breakdown by sex shows that women out -number men
356 to 309.

Age
Male
Female
Under 5
27
24
li
�
6
5
.
4
7-9
19
22
10-13
31
31
14
8
7
15
10
8
16
11
14
17
7
7
18
7
6
19
1.
3
20
3
4
21
2
8
22-24
9
14
25-34
28
35
35-44
45
51
45-54
29
33
55-59
1.6
14
60-61
6
9
62-64
19
20
65-74
18
2i
75 & Over
7
19
TOTAL
349
356
Future Population
The Town of Bayboaro is not expected to show gains in populate
tion over the next ten year period 1975r1985. However, the oper-
ations of companies such as Texas Gulf sulphur and North CaroXina
Phosphate could cause unforeseen growth to occur. Range is used
for population estimates assuming that the Town will grow propgrtionT
ately with the County. The use of.a range for population} estimates.
has the benefit of using, for example, the low end of the range for
revenue estimates in order not to approximate funds which will not
be available, while using the high end of the range for needed ser-
vices in order to ensure available services in case of a population
surge. It is also necessary to realize that as estimates are made
further in the future, they tend to lose va;idity, However, esti-
mates are provided for the years 1980, 1985, 1990, 2000, and 2025.

Future Population Estimates
1980 1985 1990 2000 2025
i Bayboro 597-670 569-670 541-670 456-670 .442-670
Mean 634 620 606 563 556
Source: North Carolina Department of Administration
Existing Land Use
The Town of Bayboro has approximately 364.37 acres within its
corporate limits.
Its urban land uses are broken down into the following sate,
gories:
Land Use Types Acres
Residential 107.25
Commercial 21.67
Government & Institutional 49.95
Cultural, Entertainment
& Recreational 1.47
Undeveloped, 184.03
The greatest amount of land developed in an urban land p1gas
is residential. The 1970 census indicates that 219 housing units
exist in Bayboro. The lack of appreciable population increase
since the 1970 census would substantiate the belief that this fi-
gure has not changed significantly. The majority of.xesidential.
development is located along ,streets running perpendicular and
parallel to Highway 55 on the south side of Town. There is also
residential development along Highway 55 and the northeastern sec
tion of Town.
Commercial land use activities are found stripped:alonq Highway
55 intermixed with government and institutional as well as residen-
tial land uses. Bayboro has 1.47 acres of cultural, entertainment.
and recreation.
• Current Plans policies, and Regulations
The Town of Hayboro is participating inla201 facility plan

for wastewater treatment and is in the implempn4tion stage cat
a water plan. Bayboro has signed a resolution which allows the
County to enforce its }wilding, plumbing, electrical codes, zoning
and subdivision regulations within the town limits.
Federal and state regulations affecting 44y4oro's jurisdip-
tion are the same as thoso•afgegtinq Pamlico County and for sPe,
cific information, the County Land Development Plan should be
contacted.
Land Potential
Physical Limitations -. Baboro, lytn5 east of the beach
ridge running north and south of arantsboro has a relatively
low elevation from 14' to 161. Natural drainage occurs slowly
because of the level characteristics of the terrain. The lower
parts of Bayboro have been flgoded due to easterly winds which
backed up the water into the Town and because the.terrein is
so level. This occurred during severe hurricanes and pgses
certain development problems which can be overcome by elevating
the buildings or conducting other flood preventive measures.
Soils - .The predominant soil classifigAtignq in. Bayboro
are: Lenoir -Craven Association, I�eafrBayboro association,
Kenansville-Dragston Association, and the Tidal -Marsh association..
The soils in Bayboro range from well drained to poorly drained,
The majority of the soils; however, are poorly drained with
moderate to severe limitations for urban usage. More detailed
information is provided by the Soil Conservation Service, U.S.
Department of Agriculture, New Berp, North Carolina.

Sources of Water Supply - Bayboro is in the process of ac-
quiring a municipal water system. Two wells have been drilled
at a depth of 274 feet extending into the Castel Hayne aquifer.
The wells are located along Highway 55 in Bayboro behind the
First Citizens Bank. The wells capacity are 100 gallons per
minute. On the same site with the wells is an elevated storage
tank. The storage tank has an elevation of 100 feet and a capa-
city of 100,000 gallons. An on -site treatment plant will have
a capacity of 100 gallons per minute and can be duplicated. A
softening and aeration plant will be included in Bayboro's water
' plant.
Steep Slope - Bayboro has no areas with steep slopes. The
elevation is approximately 14 to 16 feet. The Town slopes very
gently toward the southeast. Slope does not seem to be a problem
in Bayboro.
Fragile Areas- There are some fragile areas within the cor-
porate limits of Bayboro. These are the -tidal marsh areas found
along the Town's boundaries around the north and south prong of
the Bay River. The areas are not generally threatened by develop-
ment and most are buffered by agricultural lands from Bayboro's
urban area.
Areas with Resource Potential - Bayboro does not possess any
areas which should be classified as prime resource areas. Though
a large percentage of the corporate area of Bayboro is used for
agricultural and forestry production, these uses are neither unique
to the general.area or at a scale which would warrant inclua�on in-
to a resource potential classification.
.AW
0;;0G

j Capacity of Community Facilities
• Road System: The road system in Bayboro is designed basically
to act as a secondary and tertiary system, although traffic travel-
ing east must pass through Dayboro along Highways 55 and 304. Con-
gestion is not a major problem along major highways nor is it a
problem along residential streets which are layed out in no parti-
cular order.
Schools: The Town of Bayboro is'a part of the Pamlico County'
school system. There are two schools within Bayboro, the County's
only high school and one of the County's elementary schools. Since
these schools.servp not only Bayboro but other portions.of .the
County, tiO design, capapity, and utiliration,'will be dealt with
in the county plan.
Water and Sewer Treatment Plant: The Town of Bayboro has no
treatment plant presently although a water system is in the imple..
mentation phase. An one-otte water treatment plant :with a, i00
gallon per minute capacity will be able to'be duplicated if
necessary. A softening and aeration plant will be included in
Bayboro's water plant. The Town' has no sewage facilities at the
present time; however, it is the Lead Aqency for the.201 Planning
Program. Within -the next three or.four years it shoul4 be the
first municipality within Pamlico County to have a sewage treatment
system. The 201 Facilities Planning Area Map is found on the next
page.
.Estimated. Demand
Ten -Year Population Estimates - The Town of Bayboro had a
1970 population of 665 persons making it too small for the Depart-

i ;.^,t,,�S FI:•:". ;+".i* "�t:1e i:.'G^+ii:! -S �K�4Y'JZw�]:'si"f :Cs�..'a., 2uSX^.^-r?"'. 1:'.;_a, x. ,r,J.�. .uv�:,l ir:i:a:......rs tv: :at.Ax. �.F.'i'D.... ...,. :'.i. .. n.� l: .•�•Y.�1'.. ....:.ieiii3. i a �....
i ,� t PAYBORO FACILITY PLANNING AREA. !

•
ment of Administration to maintain records or make any meaningful
population projections. In order to obtain projections for the
Town it was assumed that the population of Bayboro is now, and
would remain, a proportion of the total Pamligo County popula-
tion which was available from the Department of Administration.
By determining the 1970 percentage of population that Bayboro
represented of the County as a whole, projections could then be
made as to the future population of the Town.
The 1985 population estimates for Bayboro indicate a possi-
ble range of population between 569 and 670 with a mean of 619.
This would indicate a minor decrease in population for the Town
which is in line with projections for the County. However, other
factors may enter into the picture since Bayboro is developing
a water system. It has a railroad and would be a prime area in.
the County for development, and it is the county seat.
As long as Bayboro remains a rural, service center for agri-
cultural activities a major decrease in population should not
occur. Bayboro �s expected to'maintain its approximate population
due to its location and the fact that it is the major service
center for the County. It is alsc located and situated so as to
serve as a "bedroom community" -for commuters to other areas such
as the Texas Gulf Phosphate Plant near Aurora in Beaufort County.
Community Facility Demands
The Town of Bayboro is in need of improvements is most of
its community facilities as is most towns of its size. The com-
pletion of the Town's new water system will be a step in this diL
rection. Though Bayboro is not projected to increase in popula-
4W

tion during the
planning period, Steps
should be taken to improve.
those community
facilities serving the
present population.
Goals
Goals for the Town of Bayboro were established through di-
rect citizen input in the form of public meetings and response
to a questionnaire distributed throughout the County. The Plan-
ning Board, Advisory Board, and Board of•Commissiopers, formal-
ized these goals.
Goal: Encourage industrial development ip the 4ro4.
Objectives: Complete the water system and expand as necessary....
-- Actively solicit the location of selective industry
to the area.
-- Form and support an active industrial development
commission.
Goal: Secure a public sewage disposal system,
Objectives: Complete the Phase I, II, and III of the 201 Planning.
Program.
-- Attempt to secure any -funds and grants for purposes
of providing sewage -disposal service or expanding
systems.
Goal: Develop more recreation facilities and activities.
Objectives: Utilize and participate in the County Recreation
Commission and Program..
Work with the County and surrounding incorporated
areas to develop recreation sites and facilities.
• -- Utilize school grounds and facilities for maximum
benefit.
-am
;Z1Q

These are major goals and objectives as established and are
• necessary if Bayboro is to offer necessary service to those re-
sidents presently living in the Town as well as attracting addi-
tional development.
0

MESIC
Introduction
The Town of Mesic is located at the head of Bear Creek
although the incorporated limits spread all the way to the
Bay River. Mesic is the northeastern most incorporated munici-
pality in Pamlico County. The Town is served by Highway 304
which bisects the Town and extending northeastward to the end
of the County. There is no rail service to Mesic and only
small boats are able to travel Bear Creek. The Town consists
primarily of residential development.
The topography of the Town is similar to most of eastern
North Carolina in that it is relatively flat. The elevation is
approximately five feet mean sea level and the entire town would
be subject to inundation during major storms.
Population
The 1970 census shows that Mesic had a population of 169.
There are no Enumeration District records on age or sexual break-
downs for the population. The only information available con-
cerning population is the 1970 population. Revenue sharing
records for July 1, 1973 show a population of 368. If proportions
in other towns can be compared to Mesic, the distribution by age
is fairly even and the sexual distribution is somewhat weighted
toward the female.
Future Population
The Town of Mesic should not experience any significant
growth during the ten year period between 1975 and 1985. A range
� 12--

0
is used for population estimates assuming that Mesic will main-
tain a similar proportion of the County's population that it pre-
sently has. The use of a range for population estimates has the
benefit of using, for example, the low end of the range for
revenue estimates in order not to appropriate funds which will
not be available while using the high end of the range for needed
services in order to insure available services in case of a popu-
lation surge. It is also necessary to realize that as estimates
are made farther in the future they tend to lose validity. How-
ever, estimates are provided for'the years 1980, 1985, 1990,
2000, and 2025.
Future Population Estimates
1980 1985 1990 2000 2025
Mesic 382-426 364-426 345-426 292-426 283-426
Mean 404 395 386 359 355
Source: North Carolina Department of Administration
Existing Land Use
The Town of Mesic has approximately 5,684 acres within its
corporate limits. The vast majority of the land is either unde-
veloped or developed in non-larban uses. only 2.1 percent of the
land area of the Town is'developed in urban uses. The 121.0
acres of urban land is divided.into four categories: Residential,
Service, Industrial, and Government and Institutional.
Land Use Types
Acres
Residential 4.8
Service 1.0
Industrial 7.0
Government & Institutional 108.2
Total Urban Land Use 121.0
Non -Urban Land Use 5,563.0
Percent
3.97
.83
5.78
89.42
100.00
,'7

•
The largest acreage of developed land is classified as rest-
dential. The majority of development is located along Highway.304.
There has not been any substantial amount of development due to
the Town.although population increases may be deceiving due to the
heavy emphasis placed on apnexation.
These uses classified as services are of minor significance
and are scattered mainly along Highway 304 intermixed with the
other uses.
The industrial classification consists of one site which is
used as a seafood processing establishment.
The government and institutional classification Consists of
various parcels of property primarily owned by the Town itself.
Generally, land use is mixed with heavy concentrations of
development along Highway 304 and to a lesser extent along rural
road 1222.
Current Plans, Policies and Regulations
The Town of Mesic has signed�_a resolution which allows the
County to enforce its building#.plumbing, electrical, codes and
subdivision regulations within the town limits. The Town does
not presently participate under the county zoning ordinance.
Federal and state regulations affecting Mesic's jurisdiction
are the same as those affecting Pamlico County and for specific
information, the.County Land Development Plan should be contacted.
Land.Potential
Physical Limitations - The Town of Mesic has one category
-am-
..�/L

of hazard areas within the Town which are areas of erosion.
Erosion along the `Bay.River poses some problems, especially
during sever& storms. Coastal flooding is a problem due to the
lack of elevatiop in the Town. The small amount of development
that would occur in this area must fgll,gw Housing and Urban
Development regulations to obtain flood insurance to prevent
damage to future development.
Soil Limitations - The majority of the soils found in and
around Mesic have severe limitations to urban uses. There are
three major soil, associations found within the corporate limits
of the Town; the Lenoir -Craven Association, the Leaf-Bayboro
f
Association, aid the Tidal Marsh Association. All three associa-
tions have scow permeability, a high water table and are subject
to coastal flooding. Most of the soils offer severe l�m#ations
to a wide range of urban uses.
Steep Slope - There are no areas within the Town of Mesic
that could be considered to have steep slopes. The elevation
is approximately five feet mean'sea level and varies slightly
from that figure sloping very gently toward the east.
Fragile Areas - There are some fragile areas within the
corporate limits of Mesic in the form of Tidal Marshlands.
These areas are located at the eastern end of the Town along
Gale Creek. These areas are not generally threatened by unbar}
development and are buffered by agricultural and woodland uses.
It will be necessary to take whatever steps necessary to insure
that these areas maintain the ability to perform their natural
440
-%.A---

function.
• Areas with Resource Potential - Mesic does not possess any
areas which should be classified as prime resource areas. It is
felt that even though a very large amount of the Town's corporate
limits performs uses other than urban oriented, that they should
not be classified as such within the Town but be dealt with county-
wide.
Capacity of Community Facilities
Road System: The road system in Mesic acts basically as a
secondary and tertiary system primar4ly although Highway 304
bisects the Town as it moves east toward Hobucken and Lowland.
Congestion is not a major problem along highway 304 or the second-
ary roads within the Town.
Schools: The Town of Mesic is a part of the Pamlico school
system. There are no school facilities within Mesic or to the
east. All children are bused to the schools in Bayboro and
Stonewall.
Water and Sewer Treatment Plant: There are no treatment
facilities which presently exist in:Mesic. The residents are
served by domestic wells for water -supply and septic tanks for
sewage disposal. The lack of a central water and sewer system
is a problem due to the lack of elevation and the high water table
Estimated Demand
Ten -Year
Population
Estimates - The
Town of Mesic has
an
estimated 1975
population
of 425 persons
and is too small
for the

Department of Administration to maintain records or make meaning-
ful
population
projections. Estimates were made using a range
and
basing this
on that assumption that Mesic will remain propor-
tionate to the County when considering population.
The 1985 population estimates for Mesic indicate a possible
range of population between 364 and 426 with a mean population of
395. This would indicate a decrease in population for the Town
which would be in line with the population estimates for the
County. This decrease in population will be difficult to alter
due to the site and situation of the Town and the lack of services
and job opportunities in the immediate area.
Community Facility Demands
The Town of Mesic is in need of most community facilities.
The Town is not projected to increase in population during the
ten-year planning period between 1975 and 1985. The present
population of the Town is somewhat dispersed which would make it
difficult and expensive to furnish most community facilities to
4
the existing residents. Some type of joint venture may be neces-
sary between populated areas bf Mesic and other populated areas
of this portion of the County:such as Vandemere if certain needed
services are to be obtained. Otherwise the cost of facilities
such as sewer and water systems which are very much needed would
be too expensive and impractical. The Town should also attempt
to work closely with the County for services such as law enforce-
ment and fire protection.
Goals
Goals for the Town of Mesic were established through direct
!PW
Al?

0
0
citizen input in the form of public meetings and response to a
questionnaire distributed throughout the County. The Planning
Board, Advisory Board, and citizens formalized these goals and
submitted them to the Town Board for approval.
Goal: Develop adequate employment opportunities and pre-
vent further out -migration I of young adults from
the Town.
Objectives: Improve the local agricultural industry through the
wise management of agricultural lands.
-- Assist the County in attempting to locate acceptable
industry in areas of the County that are suitable.
Goal: Protect shellfish and other marine habitat from
man-made pollutants.._
Objectives: Prevent the development of any potential pollut-
ing sources through utilization of county regulations.
Goal: Protect the Town from future mixing of incompatible
land uses.
Objectives: Utilize the County regulations for regulated develop-
ment.
These are major goals and objectives as established and are
necessary if Mesic is to provide an improved living environment
for the residents of the Town.

MINNESOTT BEACH
Introduction
The Town of Minnesott Beach is located on the southern most
point of Pamlico Count. The Town is located on the Neuge River
and is primarily a beach community with minimal year-round.popu*-
lation. Minnesott Beach is served by Highway 306 which termin-
ates in Minnesott Beach. There is a ferry which crosses the
Neuse iat Minnesott; however, the crossing is time consuming and
subject to cancellation during severe weather conditions. As
previously mentioned, Minnesott is a beagY community with pL Year
around population of approximately 90 persons with the main de-
velopment consisting of residential uses although the Town is
oriented heavily toward recreation,
The topography of the Town is somewhat uncharacteristic to
eastern North Carolina due to its location on a high sandy bank,
There is also a good deal of relief throughout the Town, espe-
cially along the creeks dissecting the area. The majority of
the Town would not be subject -to inundation during coastal flood-
ing.
Population
Minnesott Beach was not incorporated until after the 1970
census was completed. Therefore, no previous population records
exist. There are a;so no Enumeration District records on age or
sexual breakdowns for the population. The only information -avail-
able concerning population is the 1970 census population of 41
full time residents and revenue sharing figures for July 1, 1973
showing 43 residents. Tf proportions in other towns can be com-

pared to Minnesott Beach, the distribution by age is fairly even
and the sexual distribution is somewhat weighted toward the fe-
male.
Future Population
Although the Town of Minnesott Beach is projected to lose
population during the ten year planning period by the formula
used, other factors are involved, such as the development of the
golf course including residential lots with central water and
the likelihood that sometime in the future a bridge will be con-
structed across the Neuse River at Minnesott Beach. However, for
the sake of making an estimate for future population a range is
used rather than.a specific figure. The use of a range for pop-
ulation estimates has the benefit of using, for example the low
end of the.range for revenue estimates in order not to appropri-
ate funds which will not be available, while using the high end
of the range for needed services in order to insure available ser-
vices for surges in population. It'is necessary to realize that
as estimates are made farther in the future they tend to lose
validity; however, estimates are provided for the years.1980,1985,
1990,2000, and-2025.
Future Population Estimates
1980 1985 1990 2000 2025
Minnesott Beach. 81-90 77-90 73-90 62-90 60-90
Mean 86 84 82 76 75
Source: North Carolina Department of Administration
Existing Land Use
The Town of Minnesott Beach has approximately 635.08 acres
within its corporate limits. The majority of the land is unde-
-200-
;a;_0

i
veloped although it tends toward urban uses. Approximately ten
percent of the land area of the Town is developed in urban uses.
The 66.84 acres of urban land is divided into three categories:
Residential, Service, and Government and Institutional.
Land Use Types
Residential
Service
Government & Institutional
Total Urban Land Use
Non -Urban Land Use,
Acres
Percent
63.18
94.5
3,30
4.9
.36
.6
66.84 100.0
568.24
The largest acreage of developed land is classified as re-
sidential. The waterfront area on the Neuse River as well as
the areas around the golf course are residential. The Town is
moving toward more year round residents instead of the summer
cottage development of past year.
Those uses classified as services are of minor significance
and are located mainly in a cluster on either side of rural road
1123 which bisects the Town.
The government and institutional classification only includes
one parcel land of which the Town Hall occupies.
Generally land use is fairly well separated with the service,
and government, and institutional classifications clustered to-
gether, and residential development along the river and developing
around the golf course.
Current Plans, Policies, and Regulations
The Town of Minnesott Beach has signed a resolution which
AN
,;UL

allows the County to enforce its building, plumbing, electrical
• codes, zoning ans subdi ision regulations within the town limits.
Federal and state regulations affecting Minnesott Beach's
jurisdiction are the same as those affecting Pamlico County and
for specific information, the County Land Development Plan should
be contacted.
Land Potential
Physical Limitations: The Town of Minnesott Beach is located
on a high bank overlooking the Neuse River and has sufficient
elevation not to be subject to inundation by coastal flooding.
Due to he Town's location on the Neuse River there would be a
tendency for minor erosional activities to take place during severe
storms. However, erosion, though a limiting factor, is not
thought to have a substantial effect in -limiting development in
Minnesott Beach.
Soil Limitations: `.There is primarily one soil association
found within the Town of Minnesott Beach. The Kenansville-Drag-
ston Association is made up of very, -sandy soils which have very
slight to moderate limitations to urban uses. Kenansville soils
have moderate limitations for intensive traffic while Dragston
soils provide moderate limitation to septic tanks.
Source of Water Supply: The Town of Minnesott Beach has
within its corporate limits a private water system serving a newly
developing portion of the Town. The remainder of the Town is served
by domestic wells at present. However, there is an opportunity
•
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0
0
for the Town to purchase the existing private system and expand
it so as to serve the remaining residents of the Town. Water
from domestic wells, in some cases, has an unpleasant taste and.
odor due to certain minerals in the Water. A central water
system would eliminate this prQbl9m as well as preventing the
possibility of contamination from septic tanks.
Steep Slope: Minnesott has several areas along the Neuse
River and certain creeks which 4ave gomewhat.steep slopes due
to the elevation above sea level of the Town. There.areas are
not extensive, and although in some cases 'the slopes are stesp,
it is not felt that this will cause any problem to development..
It may be advantageous due to the uniqueness of the high banks
and the protection the elevation affords against coastal flooding.
Fragile Areas: There are several categories of.fragile areas
which are eligible for inclusion within Minnesott Beach's juris-
diction. Due to Minnesott Beach's location on the Neuse.River
naturally the estuarine waters and the beaches will be considered
as fragile areas. It will be necessary to protect the beaches
and waters of the Neuse River for the public use, as well as pro-
viding for the maintenance of clean waters for fish populations.
Tourism is very important to Minnesott Beach and without
clean public shorelines and waters the attractiveness of the area
will be greatly reduced.
Areas of Resource Potential: There are no areas within the
Town of Minnesott Beach which should be classified as prime re -
A*
12-02-3

source areas. The Town does have some lands used for other than
urban purposes although not at a scale which would warrant in-
clusion into the Town's section. 'Areas within the Town's limits
may be considered under the countywide plan.
Capacity of Community Facilities
Road System: The road system of Minnesott Beach acts pri-
marily as a secondary and tertiary system to serve the residen-
tial development of the Town. Highway 306 is the major access
to the Town; however, it.terminates at Minnesott Beach where
a ferry is used to shuttle traffic back 'and forth across the
river. The road system is presently adequate to serve the Town
and future growth, especially in the country club area.
Schools: The Town of Minnesott Beach is part of the Pamlico
County school system. There are no school facilities within the
town limits and all children must be bused to other parts of the
County such as Arapahoe and Bayboro.
Water and Sewer Treatment Plant: There are no treatment
facilities which presently exist in-Minnesott Beach. Water is
provided either by domestic wells,or a private system serving
the golf course area. Sewage disposal is provided by septic tanks.
Estimated Demand
Ten -Year Population Estimates - The Town of Minnesott Beach
had a 1970 population of 41 persons making it too small for the
Department of Administration to maintain records or make meaning-
ful population projections. Estimates were made using a range
and basing this on the assumption that Minnesott Beach will retain
V

the same percentage of the County's population that it presently has.
• The 1985 population estimates for Minnesott Beach indicate
a possible range of population between 77-90 full time residents,
This range has a mean population of 84 persons. This would indi-
cate an increase in population for the Town which is in line with
access to tie River, the new development presently under way in the
Town, and the existence of a water system capable of serving the
entire Town.
Community Facility Demand
The Town of Minnesott Beach is in need of most community fa-
cilities. Due to the small amount of year around population, it
is difficult for the Town to provide adequate services such as
fire protection, policd protection, water and sewer service, and
recreational facilities. The potential for growtis present in
Minnesott Beach. It may be necessary to cooperate with the adja-
cent Town of Arapahoe in order to afford needed services that
separately neither could provide.
Goals
Goals -for the Town of Minnesott Beach were established
through direct citizen input in the form of public meetings and
response to a questionnaire distributed throughout the County.
The Planning Board, Advisory Board, and citizens formalized these
goals and submitted them to the Town Board for their approval.
Goal: Develop adequate employment opportunities:!-hnd
prevent further out -migration of young adults
from the Town.
.01".

Objectives: Develop tourist industry in the Town and surround-
ing area through related development and promotion-
al activities.
-- To increase year-round recreational opportunities
through further development of the country club,
parks, and development of a marina.
-- Promote the construction of a bridge spanning the
Neuse River from Minnesott Beach to allow better
access to the Town as well as areas such as Cherry
Point which provide potential employment oppor-
tunities.
Goal: Protect shellfish and other marine habitat from
man-made pollution.
Objectives: Encourage a municipal sewer system.
-- Discourage any industrial or other types of de-
velopment not complimentary to the environment.
Goal: Protect the Town from future mixing of incompatible
land uses.
-- Encourage development based on a development plan.
-- Utilize appropriate regulations;to insure such
development.
These are major goals and objectives as established and are
necessary if Minnesott Beach is to provide an improved living
environment for the residents of the Town.
W
I*
�6

ORIENTAL
. Introduction
The Town of Oriental is located in southeastern Pamlico Coun-
ty on the Neuse River. The Town is served by Highway 5� which ex-
tends from the north and terminates in Oriental. Kershaw Creek
which is used to separate Oriental, from lands to the west is now
spanned by a bridge making the Town more accessible from the Min-
nesott Beach area. Oriental is a small retirement community of
445 persons as indicated by the 1970 census and is mainly developed
in residential uses.
Oriental has a topography typical to most of eastern North
Carolina with a small amount of relief. The elevation of the Town
is approximately nine feet mean sea level and slopes slightly to-
ward the Neuse River and Kershaw Creek. The areas are subject to
coastal flooding during storm tides.
Population
The population of Oriental has fluctuated somewhat during the
past thirty years.
Year Population
1940 535
1950 590
1960 522
r 1970 445
The population of the Town is not expected to increase sig-
nificantly during the ten-year planning period between 1975 and
• 1985. However, in order to better analyze the population of

Oriental, a more detailed breakdown of the overall population is
• necessary.
The racial composition of Oriental is weighted heavily to-
ward the white population with 383 white residents or 86.1 per,
cent of the population as compared to 62 non -white residents or
13.9 percent of the population.
Another consideration when studying the population of a
town is the age and sexual makeup of the population. The popu-
lation of Oriental is weighted toward the elderly since the Town
is developing toward a retirement community. There are also
quite a few more women in the Town than men especially in the
elderly portion of the population.
Year Male Female
Under 5 11 11
5 -- 2
6 -- 2
7-9 9 11
10-13 14 12
14 4 3
15 3 5
16 -- 11
17 5 6
18 3 2
19 2 5
20 3 ., 2
21 1 1
22-24 4 8
25-34 19 19
35-44 20 21
45-54 31 37
55-59 11 17
60-61 8 7
62-64 4 11
65-74 26 38
75 & Over 14 22
TOTAL 192 253
• Future Population
The Town of Oriental should not experience any significant

0
growth during the ten-year planning period.between 1975 and 1985.
A range is used for population estimates assuming that the Town
of Oriental will remain the same proportion of the County's over-
all population as it is noW. The use of a range for population
estimates has the benefits of using, for e�cample the low end of
the range for revenue estimates in order not to appropriate funds
which will not be available, while using the high end of the
range for needed services in order to insure available services
in case of a population surge. It is also necessary to realize
that as estimates are made farther in the fµture they teed to
lose validity; however, estimates are provided for the years 1980,
1985, 1990, 2000, and 2025.
Future Population Estimates
1980 1985 1990 2000 2025
Oriental 400-447 381-447 362-447 306-447 296-447
Mean 424 414 405 377 372
Source; North Carolina Department of Administration
Existing Land Use
The Town of,Oriental has-approximately-562.35.acres within
its corporate limits. The majority of the area is undeveloped
although in most cases the pressi}res for urban development are
becoming greater and greater. Approximately 25 percent of the
land area of the Town is developed in urban uses. The 141.75
acres of urban land use is divided into four categories; Re4i-
dential, Service, Government and -Institutional and Cultural,
Entertainment and Recreational.
rim
Jpo�5

Land Use Types Acres
Residential 119.80
Service 14.60
Government & Institutional 2.94
Cultural, Entertainment &
Recreational 4.41
Total Urban Land Use 141.75
Non -Urban Land Use . 420.60
Percent
85.0
10.0
2.0
3.0
100.0
The largest acreage of developed land is classified as re-
sidential. The 1970 census indicates that'there are 223 hous-
ing units existing in Oriental. The lack of appreciable popu-
lation increase since the 1970 census would substantiate the
belief that this figure has not changed significantly. Resi-
dential development is concentrated mainly in the downtown area
and in outlying residential subdivisions.
Service classifications make up the next largest category
of land use. These uses are concentrated in the small downtown
central business district and along.Highway 55.
Government and: institutional categories occupy the least
amount of urban land in the Town. ,-These uses are scattered through-
out the Town in no particular arrangement.
i
Cultural, entertainment and recreational areas occupy less
land area than may be thought, although beach areas were not in-
cluded in the figure. These areas'are also scattered throughout
the Town with no particular arrangement.
Generally, the uses
of urban
lands
in Oriental
does
not con-
flict to any great extent
although
uses
are mixed.
The
residential
1�13d

development is clearly the dominant use in the Tpwn.
• Current Plans, Policies, and Regulations
The Town of Oriental, has signed a resolution which allows
the County to enforce i+,s building, plumbingf electrical codes,
zoning and subdivision regulations with the town limits. The
Town is one of the two in the County presently under the county's
zoning ordinance.
Federal and state regulations affecting Oriental's juris-
diction are the same as those affecting Paml,ipo County and for
specific information, the County band pevelopment Plan should be
contacted.
Land Potential
Physical Limitations:. The Town of Oriental has two types.
of hazard areas. The Town.is subject almost completely to inunda-
tion by major coastal flooding. The highest elevation in the Town
limits is approximately 11 feet mean sea level while the 100-year
frequency flood reaches an elevation of approximately 14 .feet mean
sea level.
The other t-Ype of potentially hazardous condition in the
i
area is the erosional activities found alone most of Pamlico County's
shoreline with the Neuse River.,- However, Oriental is in an area
of the shoreline which does not'suffer as severely from the effects
of erosion as other areas, of the County.
Soil Limitations: There is predominantly only one soil as-
sociation found within the corporate limits of Oriental. The
O"if"
�3)

Lenoir -Craven Association for the most part has slow to very slow
percolation rates with high water tables. Generally the soils
have moderate to severe limitations for urban development although
there are a few soils in the association without such severe re-
straints.
Source of Water Supply: The Town of Oriental presently re-
ceives all of its water supply from domestic wells. The majority
of these wells penetrate the Castle Hayne aquifer and provide an
adequate water supply for domestic use. In some cases water
from these wells have an unpleasant odor and taste due to chemi-
cals present in the water. Due to the lack of sufficient eleva,
tion within the Town to prevent periodic flooding the possibility
of contamination of domestic wells is ever present. It would be
a great asset for the Town to develop a central water system in
order to assure potable water to present as well as possible fu-
ture population.
Steep Slope: There are no areas within the Town of Oriental
that could be considered to have steep slopes. The elevation is
approximately nine feet mean sea ilevel and varies only slightly
from this figure throughout the Town.
Fragile Areas: There are no areas within the Town that are
classified as fragile areas. Even though the elevation of the
Town is such that it is subject to periodic flooding there are no
areas of marshland.
Areas of Resource Potential:
Oriental does not possess any
® areas which should be classified as prime resource areas. The

Town does have some lends used for other than urban purposes al-
though not at a scale which would warrant inclusion into the
Town's plan. Resource potential will be dealt with more 'thorough-
ly, countywide, in the Pamlico County Land Development Plan.
Capacity of Comm4nity•Faciltties
Road System; The road system of prientaX acts primarily as
a secondary and tertiary system serving mainly the development in.
the area as well as providing means of egress and ingress for
rural development surrounding the Town, Highway 54.terminates at
Oriental, although with the construction of the bridge across
Kershaw Creek and the cpnneqtion with rural road 1308, the Town
has much better access from the west. The present system of
streets is not congested and able to serve existing and probable
future development.
Schools: The Town of Oriental is part of the Pamlico County
school system. There are no school facilities within the Town
limits and all children must be bused to schools as far away as
Bayboro.
Water -and Sewer Treatment Plant: There are no treatment
facilities which' presently exist in Oriental. Water is provided
by domestic welds and sewage disposal is handled by individual
septic tanks,. A water system has been proposed for the Town of
Oriental at an est}mated tgtgl cost of $400,000. The proposed
project will provide the Town of Oriental with a central water
system which will be designed to serve the Town and surrounding
rural areas. The system will include a 75,000 gallon elevated
storage tank, two deep wells, water treatment facilities, and
_4W

41, 000 feet of 8-inch, 6-inch, 4v-inch, "3-*inch; and/2-inch dia-
meter distribution lines with fire hydrants, valves and fittings.
i
Estimated Demand
Ten -Year Population Estimates - The Town of Oriental had a
1970 population of 445 persons making it too small for the De-
partment of Administration to maintain records or make meaning-
ful population projections. Estimates were made using a range
and basing this on the assumption that the Town has a specific -
proportion of the County's population and will retain this pro-
portion during the -ten-year planning period.
The 1985 population estimates for Oriental indicate a pos-
sible range of population between 381 and 447 persons with a mean
population of 414. This would indicate a minor decrease in pop-
ulation which would be in line with the estimates for the County.
However, other factors may effect the population expectations for
Oriental such as the location of the Town with access to the
river and its attractiveness to tourists and as a retirement com-
munity.
Community.Facility Demands
The Town is in`need of improvements to most of its community
facilities. There is especially a need for water and sewer within
the Town, as well as more recreational activities and police pro-
tection. The Town has recently constructed a new fire station
and town hall facilities which are presently serving the Town. If
additional development is to be attracted the community services
must be sufficiently expended in order to meet the needs of pro-
spective development.
-Wob,_

:7
Goals
Goals for *,he Town of Oriental were established through di-
rect citizen input in the form of public meetings and response
to a questionnaire distributed throughout .the County. The Plan-
ning Board, Advisory Board, and Board of Commissioners formalized
these goals and submitted them to the town board for their apT
proval.
Goal: Develop adequate employment opportunities and
prevent further.out-migration of young adults
from the Town.
Objectives: Develop the tourist industry in the Town and tho.
surrounding area through merchant and local
governmental support and activities.
-- Support the construction of a bridge spanning the
Neupp River from Minnesott Beach to all better
access to Oriental by petitioning thq state and
appropriate agencies.
Goal: Protect shellfish 'and other marine habitat from
man-made pollution.
Objectives: Encourage the construction of a municipal water
and sewer system...
-- Discourage and prevent development of potential
polluting sources or industry through utilization
of land use regulations.
Goal: To increase the year-round recreational oppor-
0 tunity for residents and tourists.

These are major goals and objectives as established and
are necessary if Oriental is to offer necessary service to
those residents presently living in the Town as well as attract-
ing additional development.

STONEWALL
Introduction
The Town of Stonewall is located southeast of aayboro in
central Pamlico County. Stonewall is adjacent to the Bay River
and is served by Highway 55 which is•the primary east -west ac-
cess for Pamlico County. Stonewall is a small community of
335 persons as indicated by the 1970 census and 334 persons in
1973 as shown by revenue sharing figures. It is mainly de-
veloped in residential uses due to the accessibility.to Bayboro
and Alliance which cpnt4ip most of the gommercial development.
Stonewall has topography typical tq most areas in eastern
North Carolina. The elgvation is approximately ten feet mean
sea level and sloPes very slightly toward the Bay River. This
area is subject to coastal flooding during severe•hurricanes.
Population
The population of Stonewall has fluctuated during the past
thirty years.
Year Population
1940 261
1950 274
1960 214
1970 335
The population for the Town is not expected to increase dur-
ing the ten-year planning Reriod. However, in order to better
analyze the population of Stonewall, a more detailed breakdown of
the overall population is necessary.
rye
�3 7

•
The racial composition of Stonewall is weighted toward the
white population with 217 white residents or 64.8 percent of the
population as compared to 118 non -white residents or 35,2 per-
cent of the population.
Another consideration when studying the population of a town
is the age and sexual makeup of the population. The population
of Stonewall is distributed fairly evenly by age groups. The
sexual composition of the population shows that there are a few
more females in the population with 176 as compared to 159 males.
Year
Male
Under 5
12
5
3
6
1
7-9
10
10-13
13
14
4
15
4
16
2
17
4
18
4
19
1
20
4
21
4
22-24
2
25-34
17 .
35-44
23 _
45-54
13
55-59
8
60-61
6
62-64
3
65-74
18
75 & Over
3
TOTAL
159
Female
7
4
3
9
13
5
3
10
3
3
2
0
0
6
25
23
15
7
8
12
11
7
176
Future Population
The.Town of Stonewall should not experience any significant
growth during the ten-year planning period between 1975-1985. A
range is used for population estimates assuming.that the Town of

Stonewall is nQw, and will continue to be, a proportionate to the
County as far as population is concerned. The use of a range for
• population estimates has the benefit of using, for exa le the
�P �
low end of the range for revenue estimates in order not to appro-
priate funds which will not be available, while using the high
end of the range for needed services in order to insure available
services in case of a population surge. It ip also necessary to
realize that as estimateq are made farther in the future they
tend to lose validity; however, estimates are provided for the
years 1980, 1985, 1990, 2000, and M5.
Future Population -Estimates
1980 1985 1990 2000 2025
Stonewall 300-335 286-335 272-335 230-335 222-335
Mean 318 311 304 283 279
Source: North Carolina Department 'of Administr;ttion
Existing Land Use
The Town of Stonewall has approximately 1,121.76 acres within
its corporate limits. The majority of the area is,gither unde-
veloped or developed in now urban uses. Only 6.6 percent of the
land area of the Town is developed in urban uses. The 73.98 acres
of urban land use is divided into three categories; Residential,
Service, and Government and Institutional.
Land Use Types Acres Percent
Residential 34.16 46.5
Service 6.98 9.5
Government & Institutional 32.32 44.0
Total Urban Land Use. 73.40- 100.0.
Non -Urban Land Use 1,048.30
�3y

The largest acreage of developed land is classified as re-
sidential. The 1970 census indicates that there are 112 housing
units existing in Stonewall. The lack of appreciable population
increase since the 1970 census would substantiate the belief that
this figure has not changed significantly. Residential develop
ment is stripped along Highway 55 mainly with minor areas of de-
velopment extending to the north -and south along state rural
roads.
Stonewall has only a minor amount of land area classified as
trade. These sites are scattered along Highway 55 intermixed with
the existing residential development.
Government and institutional categories occupy almost as much
land as residential areas. This is due mainly to the large school
site located in the western edge of the Town.
Generally, land use is mixed with the heaviest concentration
of development along Highway 55.
Current Plans, Policies, and Regulations
The Town of Stonewall is participating in a 201 facility plan
along with Bayboro and several other towns in the County. Stone-
wall has signed..,a resolution which allows the County to enforce
its building, plumbing, electrical codes, zoning and subdivision
regulations within the town limits.
Federal and state regulations affecting Stonewall's jurisdic-
tion are the same as those affecting Pamlico -County and for speci-
fic information, the County Land Development Plan should be con-
tacted.
�r
52 �,0

Land Potential
Physical Limitations - Stonewall has two categories of hazard
areas within the Town. They are flood plains and areas of erosion.
Erosion along the Bay River presents some problems especially dur-
ing severe storms. Coastal flood is a major problem due to the
low elevation of the Town. The entire Town is subject to coastal
flooding. Development would not be disrupted, although eventually
steps must be taken to prevent damage to future development.
Soil Limitations - The majority of the soils found in and
around Stonewall have either moderate or severe limitations due
to seasonally high water table, slow permeability and possible
flooding. The Town has three soils associations, the Lenoir -Craven
Association, the Leaf-Bayboro Association and the Tidal. Marsh
Association. All,.of these Associations have.sl,ow.to very slow
percolation and high water tables providing, in most cases severe
limitations to urban development.
Source of Water Supply - The Town of Stonewall presently
receives all of its water supply from domestic wells. The majority
of these wells penetrate the Castle Hayne aquifer and prgvi.de ads-
quate water supply for domestic use. In some cases water from
these wells have an unpleasant odor and taste due to chemicals
present in the water. The Town should consider a joint venture
with Bayboro and Alliance to provide a cooperative water System
between the three towns when it is feasible.

1 ' i
Steep Slope - There are no areas within the Town of Stonewall
• that could be .considered to have steep slopes. The elevation is
approximately ten feet mean sea level and varies only slightly from
this figure throughout the Town.
Fragile Areas - There does exist within the Town of Stonewall
a certain amount of land classified as fragile areas. These are
tidal marsh areas found along the Bay River to the north of Stone-
wall. These areas are not generally threatened by development and
most are buffered by agricultural lands from the developed area
along Highway 55.
Areas of Resource Potential - Stonewall does not possess any
areas which should be classified as prime resource areas. Though
a large portion of the Town's incorporated area is undeveloped
when considering urban uses, these areas are not unique to the
general area'or at a scale which would warrant inclusion into a
resource potential classification.
Capacity of Community Facilities
Road Szstem: The road system in Stonewall acts basically as
A secondary and tertiary system although traffic moving southeast
pass through Stonewall on Highway 55. Congestion is not a major
problem along the primary highway nor along secondary.roads serv-
ing minor residential development as well as areas outside the
town limits.
Schools: The Town of Stonewall is a part of the Pamlico
school system. There is one school facility located in the west-
ern portion of the Town.which serves as a junior high school for

0
0
the County as well as the Town. Since this school serves not only
Stonewall.but other portions of the County the design capacity and
utilization of this facility will be dealt with in the county plan.
Water and Sewer Treatment Plant: There are no treatment
facilities which presently exist in Stonewall. The residents are
served by domestic wells for water supply and septic tanks for
sewage disposal.
Estimated Demand
Ten -Year Population Estimates - The Town of Stonewall had a
1970 population of 335 persons making it too small for the Depart-
ment of Administration to maintain records or make meaningful pop-
ulation projections. Estimates were made using a range and basing
this on the assumption that the Town is proportionate to the Coun-
ty when considering population and will remain so.
The 1985 population estimates for.Stonewall indicate a possi-
ble range of population between 286 and 335 with a mean population
of 311 persons. This would indicate a minor decrease in population
for the Town which is in line with the projections for the County..
This decrease is seen to be eminent unless unforeseen factors occur
such as industrial development within the County which would tend
to halt the working age people from leaving to seek employment else-
where.
Community Facility Demands
The Town is in need of most community facilities such as a
water and sewer system, more recreational activities, and better
police and fire protection. The Town has recently constructed a

new town hall to serve as an administrative center for the Town.
However, additional services must be provided if the Town is to
secure additional development.
Goals
Goals for the Town of Stonewall were established through
direct citizen input in the form of public meetings and response
to a questionnaire distributed throughout the County. The Plan-
ning Board, Advisory Board, and Commissioners formalized these
goals and subluitted,them to the town board for their approval.
Goal: Develop adequate employment opportunities and
prevent further out -migration of young adults from
the Town.
Objectives; Encourage selective industries to locate in Town
and neighboring communities such as Bayboro and
Alliance.
—Develop community facilities for the Town and
contiguous areas attractive to such industries.
Goal: Improve and create systems of domestic, industrial
and commercial water supply.
Objectives: Promote the expansion of the Bayboro system pre-
sently being installed.
Goal: Create a modern sewer system.
Objectives: Support and participate in the 201 planning program.
-- Attempt to secure necessary funds.
Goal: Increase recreational opportunities for all age
groups of the Town.

Objectives: Support the present county recreation commission
and programs.
-- Work with the County and neighboring towns in
developing recreation facilities and sites.
These are major goals and objectives as established and are
necessary if Stonewall is to offer necessary service to those re-
sidents presently living in the Town as well as attracting ad-
ditional development.
0

VANDEMERE
Introduction
The Town of Vandemere is located northeast of the center of
the County on the northern side of the Day River. The major
highway serving Vandemere is 307'and terminates within the Town.
There is no rail service to the Town; however, accessibility to
the Bay River is good for boat or barge transportation. Vande-
mere is a small community of 379 persons as indicated by the 1970
census and is mainly developed in residential uses.
Vandemere has topography typical to most areas in eastern
North Carolina. The elevation is approximately five feet mean
sea level and slopes very gradually toward the Bay River to the
south of Town. The Town is very much subject to flooding, even
during minor coastal storms.
Population
The population of Vandemere has fluctuated somewhat during
the past thirty years.
Year Population
1940 436
1950 475
1960 452
1970 379
The population of the Town is not expected to increase dur-
ing the ten-year planning period. However, in order to better
analyze the population of Vandemere, a more detailed breakdown
of the overall population is necessary.

•
The racial composition of Vandemere is weighted toward the
non -white population almost two to one with 130 white residents,
or 34.3 percent of the population, as compared to 249 non -white
residents, or 65.7 percent of the population.
Another consideration when studying the population of a
town is the age and sexual makeup of the population. The popula-
tion of Vandemere is distributed fairly evenly by age groups mith
a somewhat large number of children in the 10-13 age group.
The sexual composition of the population is somewhat weighted
toward the female population with 200 females as.compared to-179
males.
Year Male
Under 5
14
5
6
1
7-9
18
10-13
26
14
3
15
5
16
2
17
5
18
6
19
4
20
2
21
3
22-24
3
25-34
19
35"44
17
45-54
12
55-59
12
60-61
2
62-64
5
65-74
13
75 & Over
4
TOTAL
179
Female
16
4
2
14
24
5
5
5
5
4
2
8
2
4
17
23
19
12
1
7
12
9
200
Future Population
The Town of Vandemere should not experience any significant

0
•
growth during the ten-year planning period between 1975 and 1985.
A range is used for population estimates assuming that the Town
of Vandemere is now, and will continue to be, a proportion of the
county's population. The use of a range for population estimates
has the benefit of using, for example, the low end of the, range.
for revenue ept#ates in order Dot tp appropriate funds which will
not be available while using the high end of the ranee for needed
services in order to insure available services in case of a popu-
lation surge. It is also necessary to realize that as estimates
are made farther in the future they tend to lose validity; however,.
estimates are provided for the years 1980, 1984, 1990, 2000, and
2025.
Future Population 9stimates
.,
1980 1905 1990 2000 2025
Vandemere 339,379 343-379 307-379 259-379 251-379
Mean 359 351 343 319 315
Source: North'Carolina Department of Administration
Existing Laid Use
The Town of Vandemere has approximately 979.4 acres within
its corporate limits. The vast majority of this land is either
undeveloped or developed in nqn-urban uses. Only 7.0 percent of
the land area of the Town is developed in urban uses. The 68.11
acres of urban land is divided into four categories: Residential,
Service, Industrial, and Government and Institutional.

Land Use Types
Acres
Percent
Residential
Service
58.97
.73
86.6
1.1
Industrial
6.32
9.3
Government and Institutional
2.09
3.0
Total Urban Land Use
68.11
100.0
Non -Urban Land Use
902.29
9
By far the largest acreage of developed land is classified as
residential. The 1970 census indicates that there are 121 housing
units existing in Vandemere. The lack of appreciable population
increase since the 1970 censu would indicate that these figures
have not changed significantly. Residential development is stripped
along Highway 307 which terminates in Vandemere and along residen-
tial streets within the Town. Vandemere has only .73 acres classi-
fied as service consisting of the minor central business area down-
town.
Industrial land comprise 6.32 acres made up of the fishing
complex in the northeast corner of the Town.
Government and institutional lands make up 2.09 acres of the
urban land use and is intermixed primarily with residential develop-
ment along Highway 307.
Generally development is separated in that there is a good
portion of the Town's residential development located west of the,
commercially oriented downtown area and away from the major highway.
Curren. Plan_, Policies, and Regulations
The Town of Vandemere has signed a resolution which allows the
County to enforce building, plumbing, electrical codes, zoning and

subdivision regulations. The Town is also participating in the
County's zoning along with Oriental.
Federal and state regulations affecting Vandemere's juris-
diction are the same as those affecting Pamlico County and for
specific information, the County Land Development Plan should be
contacted.
Land Potential
Physical Limitations - Vandemere has one category defined
as a hazard area that would produce limitation to land use. This
category is areas of erosion. Erosion would occur along the
shores of the Bay River which forms the southern boundary of
the Town.
The Town is approximately five feet above mean sea level and
subject to flooding during even minor storms. Development would
not be disrupted although eventually steps must be taken to prey -
vent flood damage to future development.
Soil Limitations -
There are two soil associations found
within the corporate limits of Vandemere. Both have generally
t
moderate to severe limitations to urban uses. The Lenoir -Craven
Association is found in the -southeast half of the Town along the
Bay River while the Leaf=Bayboro Association is found in the
northwest half of the:Town. Most of the soils in both associations
have a seasonally high water table, slow permeability and possible
flooding. There are a few soils within the association that have
only moderate limitations to urban uses; however, the majority

•
•
offers severe limitations and are not advisable for development.
Source of Water Supply - The Town of Vandemere presently
receives all of its water supply from domestic wells. The majori-
ty of these wells penetrate the Castle Hayne acquifer and provide
adequate water supply for domestic use. In some cases water from
these wells have an unpleasant odor and taste due to chemicals
present in the water. These domestic wells would also be subject
to contamination during periods of flooding.
Steep Slopes - There are no areas within the Town of Vande-
mere that could be considered to have steep slopes. The elevation
is approximately five feet mean sea level and varies only slightly
from that sloping gradually to the southeast.
Fragile Areas - There are no areas within the Town of Vande-
mere that are classified as fragile areas. Marshlands which are
found to the east and west of Town along the Day River and its
tributaries do not exist along the shoreline which marks Vandemere's
town boundaries.
Areas of Resource Potential - Vandemere does not possess any
areas which should be classified as prime resource areas. It is
felt that even though a very large amount of the Town's corporate
limits perform uses other than urban oriented, that they should
not be classified as such within the Town but be dealt with county-
wide.
Capacity of Community Facilities
Road System: The road system in Vandemere serves only resi-

dents and visitors to the Town since Highway 307 terminates there.
The .residential streets within the Town are paved and adequate to
serve the residents of the Town. Congestion is not a problem as
there is no through traffic in the Town.
Schools: The Town of Vandemere is a part of the Pamlico
school system. There are no school facilities within Vandemere
or to the east of the Town. All children are bused to the schools
in Bayboro and Stonewall.
Water and Sewer Treatment Plant: There are no treatment
facilities which presently exist in Vandemere. The residents are
served by domestic wells for water supply and septic tanks for
sewage disposal. The lack of a central water and sewer system is
a problem due to the lack of elevation and the high water table.
Estimated Demand
Ten -Year Population Estimates - The Town of Vandemere had a
1970 population of 379 persons and is too small for the Department
of Administration to maintain records or make meaningful popula-
tion projections. Estimates were made using 4 range and basing
this on the assumption that Vandemere will remain proportionate
to the County when considering population.
The'1985 population estimates for Vandemere indicate a possi-
ble range of population between 323 and 379 with a mean population
of 351. This would indicate a decrease in population for the
Town which would be in line with the population estimates for the
County.
Community Facility Demands
The Town of Vandemere is in need of most community facilities.

The Town is not projected to increase in population during the
40 ten-year planning period between 1975.and 1985.
The residents of the Town live in a fairly compact area;
however, with the present population it would be difficult and
expensive to furnish most community facilities to the Town. Ef-
forts should be made to establish cooperative facilities and ser-
vices with other nearby populated.areas and the County. Joint
ventures of this nature would make it practical and less expen-
sive to furnish some of these needed facilities.
Goals
Goals for the Town of Vandemere were established through di-
rect citizen input in the form of public meetings and response to
a questionnaire distributed throughout the County. The Planning
Board, Advisory Board, and citizens formalized these goals and,
submitted them to the town board for approval.
Goal: Develop adequate employment opportunities and pre-
vent further out -migration of young adults from
the Town.
Objectives: Develop land sites for potential industries using
navigable waterways.
- Promote opportunities relating to fishing and sea-
food industries.
Goal: Secure a town water system.
Objectives: Attempt to locate funds and grants for a water
system.
•

Goal: Increase recreational opportunities for all age
4 groups of the Town.
Objectives: Develop water related activities and attempt to
obtain a public boat ramp.
Goal: Protect shellfish and other marine habitat from
man-made pollution.
Objectives: Cooperate and support the 201 planning area con-
cept for wastewater treatment in which Vandemere
is included.
Goal: Develop tourism industry potential from the intra-
coastal waterway.
Objectives: Promote the development of a marina and watercraft
service areas.
These are major goals and objectives as established and are
necessary if Vande�nere is to provide an improved living environ-
ment for the residents of the Town.

APPENDIX
-iwft
Aa

PAMLICO COUNTY HEALTH DEPARTMENT
RULES AND REGULATIONS
GOVERNING THE
DISPOSAL OF SEWAGE FROM ANY RESIDENCE, PLACE OF BUSINESS
OF PLACE OF PUBLIC ASSEMBLY IN PAMLICO COUNTY
PART I - GENERAL PROVISIONS
For the purpose of carrying out the provisions of Section 160
of Chapter 130 of the General Statutes of North Carolina, the
Pamlico County Board of Health hereby adopts the following rules
and regulations governing the disposal of sewage from any single
or multiple -family residence, place of business or place of public
assembly in Pamlico County, North Carolina.
SECTION I - Definitions - For the purpose of these regulations, the
following definitions shall apply:
A. ALLUVIAL SOILS - The term "alluvial soils" shall mean strati-
fied soils without distinct horizons, deposited by flood waters.
B. APPROVED - The term "approved" shall mean that which has been
considered acceptable to the Pamlico County Health Department
or the North Carolina Department of Human Resources, Division
of Health Services.
C. APPROVED PRIVY - The term "approved privy" shall mean a fly
tight structure consisting of a pit, floor slab, and seat riser
constructed in accordance with Division of Health Services
Bulletin No. 454, approved by the State Board of Health July 17,
1958.
D. APPROVED SEWERAGE SYSTEM - The term "approved sewerage system"
• shall mean a public, community or institutional sewerage system
-40F
.2,6

for.the collection and treatment of sewage or other liquid
wastes constructed and operated in compliance with applicable
requirements of the State or local agency.
E. AREAS SUBJECT TO FREQUENT FLOODING - The term "areas subject to
frequent flooding" shall mean those areas consisting of allu-
vial soils, indicating soils deposited from flooding of less
than a 10 year frequency.
F. HORIZON - the term "horizon" shall mean a layer of soil, approx-
imately parallel to the surface, that has distinct characteris-
tics produced'by soil forming processes.
G. LOCAL HEALTH DIRECTOR - The term "Local Health Director" shall
meanthe local health director as defined in Section 3(g),
Chapter 130 of the General Statutes of North Carolina, or his
authorized representative.
H. NITRIFICATION FIELD - The term "nitrification field" shall mean
the system of nitrification lines or field lateral lines which
receive the septic tank effluent.
I. NITRIFICATION LINES OR FIELD LATERAL LINES - The terms "nitri-
fication lines" or "field lateral lines" shall mean the open -
jointed pipe, drain lines, or especially designed porous blocks
which receive the septic tank,effluent for nitrification, dis-
tribution and absorption into the soil beneath the ground sur-
face.
J. ORGANIC SOILS - The term "organic soils" shall'mean those or-
ganic mucks and peats consisting of more than 20% organic mat-
ter to depths of 18 inches or greater.
K. PED - The term "ped" shall mean a unit of soil structure such
• as an aggregate, crumb, prism, block, or granule, formed by
- 2ddb-
_�2f?

natural processes.
L. PERCH - The term "perch" shall mean restricting vertical move-
ment of liquids.
M. PERSON - The term "person" shall mean any individual, firm,
association, organization, partnership, business trust, cor-
poration or company.
N. PLACE OF BUSINESS - The term "place of business" shall mean
and include any store, warehouse, manufacturing establishment,
place of amusement or recreation, service station, office
building, or other places where people work.
0. PLACE OF PUBLIC ASSEMBLY - The term "place of public assembly"
shall mean and include fairgrounds, auditoriums, stadiums,
churches, camp grounds, festival grounds, and other places where
people assemble.
P. PRIVY BUILDING - The term "privy building" shall mean and in-
clude any,and all buildings which are used for affording privacy
in acts of urination and defecation which are not connected to
a residential septic tank or community type sewerage system.
Q. RESIDENCE - The term "single or multiple -family residence" shall
mean and include any private home, tenant house, hotel, motel,
summer camp, labor work camp, mobile home, institution, or
places where people reside for any period of time.
r
R. SEPTIC TANK - The term "septic tank" shall, mean a water -tight,
covered receptacle designed and constructed to receive the dis-
charge of sewage from a building sewer; separate settleable
and floating solids from the liquid; digest organic matter by
anaerobic bacterial action; store digested solids through a
• period of detention; and allow clarified liquids to discharge

for additional treatment and final disposal.
S. SEPTIC TANK SYSTEM - The term "septic tank system" shall mean
• a ground absorption sewage disposal system consisting of a
holding or settling tank and a ground absorption field.
T. SEWAGE - The term "sewage" shall mean the wastewater and its
contents from any single or multiple -family residence, place
of business, or place of public assembly.
U. SEWER CONNECTION - The term "sewer connection".shall mean a
connection with an approved community or public sewerage sys-
tem which provides for the collection and disposal of sewage
or other liquid wastes.
V. SITE - The term "site" shall be that area in which the septic
tank system is to be located, and the area required to accommo-
date and permit proper functioning of the system.
W. SOIL - The term "soil", for the purposes of subsurface sewage
disposal, shall mean the unconsolidated mineral and organic
material on the land surface. It consists of sand, silt, and
clay minerals and variable amounts of organic materials. It
exists as natural undisturbed material or as disturbed material
(such as cut and fill).
X. SOIL ABSORPTION SYSTEM - The term "soil absorption system" shall
mean a system that utilizes the soil for absorption of treated
sewage.
Y. HEALTH DEPARTMENT - The term "Health Department" shall mean
the Pamlico County Health Department or its authorized represent-
ative.
Z. DIVISION OF HEALTH SERVICES - The term "Division of Health
Services" shall mean the State Department of Human Resources,
� Sj

Division of Health Services.
AA. STRUCTURE - The term "structure" (as it relates to soils) shall
mean the arrangement of primary soil particles into compound
particles or clusters that are separated from adjoining aggre-
gates and have properties unlike those of an equal mass of un-
aggregated primary soil particles.
BB. SUBSURFACE DISPOSAL - The term "subsurface disposal" shall mean
the process of sewage treatment in which sewage effluent is ap-
plied to land by distribution beneath the surface of the ground
through open -jointed pipes, approved drains or approved special-
ly designed porous block.
SECTION II - SANITARY SEWAGE DISPOSAL REQUIREMENTS
Every residence, place of business or place of public assembly as
defined herein, shall be provided with either an approved number of
privies constructed in accordance with the requirements of the Commission'
for Health Services, a septic tank system constructed in accordance
with the provisions of these regulations, or connection to an approved
sewer system.
SECTION III - CONSTRUCTION
A. Approved Privy
The "approved privy" shall consist of a pit, floor slab and seat
assembly housed in a building which affords privacy and reasonable
protection from the weather.
Nothing in these regulations shall prohibit the Division of
Health Services or the Health Department from permitting the use of
portable toilets at construction sites or at mass gathering events.of
a temporary nature, provided such use shall be contingent upon the

provision of adequate cleaning and disposal service in accordance
with the directions of the Division of Health. Services or the Health
Department. Under special circumstances where an approved privy, an
approved septic tank system, or a connection to an approved sewer
system is impossible or impractical, these regulations shall not
prohibit the Division of Health Services or Health Department from
permitting vault type privies, or mechanical toilet facilities
utilizing heat,or other means for reducing the toilet contents to
an inert or stabilized residue or to an otherwise harmless condi-
tion, rendering such contents noninfectious or non -contaminating.
1. The pit shall consist of an excavation at least 42 inches
square and 5 feet deep; but in no case shall the depth be
such that contamination of ground water will occur.
2. The pit shall be properly curbed to prevent caving. In
sandy or loose soil the curb should extend the full depth
of the pit. In tight soils partial curbing is acceptable
if it prevents caving.
3. The privy floor slab shall be constructed of reinforced con-
crete as specified in Division of Health Services Bulletin
No. 454, approved by the State Board of Health on July 17,
1958. Where it is impractical to secure or construct rein-
forced concrete floor assemblies, wood construction will be
accepted provided the floor slab is made of rough sub -flood-
ing and voered with tight tongue - and - groove flooring
or other type flooring materials to provide strength and
prevent entrance of flies and mosquitoes to the privy pit.
Where wood construction is used, floors shall be anchored to
• at least 4 x 4 sills.
4. Wood used for riser and seat assemblies shall be tongue -and -groove
or plywood (exterior or marine) material.

B. Septic Tank
1. The "septic tank" shall be of watertight construction,
• structurally sound and not subject to excessive corrosion
•
or decay. Tanks of rectangular design, similar to that
specified in Division of Health Services Bulletin No. 519,
approved by the State Board of. Health, March 17, 1960, are
recommended. If prefabricated tanks, or tanks of other
design are used, they shall be constructed in accordance
with plans which have been approved by the Division of
Health Services, and shall comply with all other require-
ments of this section.
Septic tanks of 1,600 gallon liquid capacity or larger shall
be of two -compartment design end construction. The inlet
compartment of a two -compartment tank shall be between
2/3 and 3/4 of the total tank capacity. Two compartment
septic tanks are recommended for tanks of less than 1,600
gallon capacity.
A dosing syphon or pump shall be used for discharging septic
effluent into nitrification lines when the volume of the tank
is more than 3,000 gallons and the total length of such lines
is 500 feet or more. When the total length of such lines is
1,000 feet or more, alternating syphons or pumps shall be
used. Discharges from syphon or pump systems shall be of
such design so as to fill the nitrification lines 60% to 75%
of their capacity at each discharge.
2. Minimum liquid capacities for septic tanks shall be in ac-
cordance with the following:
w�r
�6�2—

a. Residential 'Septic Tanks (For each individual residence)
Equivalent Cap -
Number of Bedrooms Minimum Liquid Capacity acity per
Bedroom
2 or less 750 gallons 385 gallons
3 900 gallons 300 gallons
4 1,000 gallons 250 gallons
.For each additional bedroom, add 250 gallons. These figures
provide for use of garbage grinders, automatic clothes wash-
ers, and other household appliances.
b. Septic Tank Other Than Residential
Septic tanks for commercial or institutional installations
shall be sized according to accepted engineering practice
and the size of each installation shall be determined on
the basis of specific needs. For determining required
minimum capacities for installations serving other than re-
sidences, use the daily flow in Table I in the "Technical
Guide for the Evaluation of .'Proposed Sites for Soil Absorp-
tion Systems of Sewage Disposal", Part II of these Rules
and Regulations hereinafter referred to as the "Technical
Guide".
C. The minimum capacity of any septic tank shall be 750
gallons.
SECTION IV - Sites for Soil Absorption Systems
A. Site Evaluation
The Division of Health Services or Health Department shall in-
vestigate each proposed site. The investigation may include
the evaluation of the following factors:
•

1. Topography
2. Soil Characteristics
a. Texture
b. Structure
c. Depth
d. Restrictive Horizons
e. Drainage
3. Grand Water Elevation
4. Depth to Impervious Strata
5. Percolation Tests
6. Elevation of the ground surface above tide level.
Evaluations shall be made in accordance with the "Technical
Guide", and other accepted public health principles. Based
on this evaluation, each of the factors (1-6) shall be classi-
fied as SUITABLE, PROVISIONALLY SUITABLE, or UNSUITABLE.
1B. Application Rates
In determing the volume of sewage from residences, the flow
rate shall be 75 gallons per person per day; and each bedroom
shall be considered the equivalent of 2 persons. For establish-
ments other than residences, the flow rate shall be determined
from Table I, Part II, "Technical Guide".
In calculating the amount of square feet of area needed for the
nitrification field in trench system, the maximum trench width
used in the calculations shall be 36 inches, even though the
actual trench width may be constructed larger. Trenches shall
be not less than 8 feet on centers.
The Division of Health Services or Health Department agency may
-AIP-

permit the use of abed system in lieu of a trench system for
the nitrification field when it has been determined that the
• trench system is impractical or impossible because of topo-
graphy or space limitations. In such cases, the amount of
square feet of area needed shall be increased by 50% over what
would be required for a trench system; or in lieu of the added
area, the amount of gravel or stone under the drain lines shall
be increased to a depth of not less than 12 inches. The extra
area is needed to compensate for the loss of trench sidewall
area in the bed systems. Drain lines shall be at least 18
inches from.the side of the bed and shall be not less than three
feet on centers.
1. Sites classified as SUITABLE may receive application of
septic tank effluents up to 1.5 gallons per square foot
per day.
2. Sites classified as PROVISIONALLY SUITABLE may receive
septic tank effluents up to 0.75 gallons per square foot
per day; except that where percolation rates exceed 60
minutes per inch, the application rate shall not exceed
0.5 gallons per square foot per day.
3. Sites classified as UNSUITABLE shall not be used for soil
absorption disposal systems, unless engineering, hydro -
geologic, and soil studies indicate to the State or local
agency that a suitable septic tank system or a suitable
alternate system can reasonably be expected to function
satisfactorily.
C. Available Space
Sites shall have sufficient available space to permit the in-

stallation and proper functioning of ground absorption sewage
• disposal systems, based upon the square footage of nitrifica-
tion field required for the application rate previously deter-
mined. Sites classified as PROVISIONALLY SUITABLE should have
sufficient available space to accommodate a replacement nitri-
fication field.
All systems with a design capacity of over 3,000 gallons per
day shall have provided sufficient area to accommodate a re-
placement nitrification field.
SECTION V - Location of Septic Tank Systems and Privies - Lot Sizes
A.. Every septic tank system and privy shall be located at least
the minimum horizontal distance from the following:
1. Any private water supply . . . . . 100 feet, or maximum
feasible distance, but in
no case less than 50 feet
2. Any community water supply 100 feet
3. Streams classified as A -II . . . . 50 feet
4. Waters classified as S.A. 100 feet from normal high
tide mark
5. Any other stream, marsh or
coastal waters . . . . . . . . 50 feet
6. Any Class I or Class II impounded
reservoir used as a source of
drinking water . . . . . . 100 feet from high water
line
7. Any other lake or impoundment. 50 feet from high water
line
8. Any building foundation . . . . 10 feet
9.
Any basement . . .
. . . . . . . .
15
feet
10.
Any property line
. . . . . .
10
feet
11.
Top of slope of terraces, embank-
ments or cuts
.'.
15
feet
12.
Any water line . .
. . . . . . . .
10
feet

B. Septic tank systems and privies shall not be installed in fill
• ground unless the site complies essentially with the require-
ments of these regulations, and is specifically approved by the
Pamlico County Health Department.
C. Septic tank systems and privies shall not be installed in swampy
areas.
D. Septic tank systems and privies shall be located downhill from
wells or springs, if possible.
E. Septic tank systems and privies shall not be located in areas
subject to frequent flooding.
F. Septic tank systems and privies shall not be located where
ground water may become contaminated.
G. Septic tank systems shall not be.located under paved areas or
driveways, except that a solid cast iron or other suitable pipe
may be permitted to convey the effluent under a driveway from
the septic tank to the nitrification field.
H. No septic tank system shall be located on lands less than 30"
above normal tide.
I. Nc septic tank system shall be located on any lot to which the
water supply is to be from an approved municipal or community
water system unless such lot shall be at least 15,000 square
feet in area.
J. No septic tank system shall be located on any lot to be served
by a water source other than an approved municipal or community
water system unless such lot shall be at least 20,000 square
feet in area.
K. _T%e minimum lot sizes provided in subsection I and J of this
• section may be reduced by the Health Department by 20% if the
.�,VW_
26

site is classified as SUITABLE.
L. The minimum lot sizes provided for in subsections I and J of
• this section may be increased by the Health Department by 50%
if the site is classified as PROVISIONAL or if the percolation}
test rate is in excess of sixty (60) minutes.
SECTION VI - Maintenance
A. Approved Privies
Any person owning or.controlling the property upon which a privy
is located, shall be responsible for Item Numbers A. 11 6, and 7,
as listed below regarding the maintenance of approved privies.
The tenant or person occupying the property shall be responsible
for Item Numbers A. 2, 31 4, 5, and 8 regarding the maintenance
of approved privies.
1. The privy building shall afford a reasonable degree of
protection from bad weather conditions.
2. The walls, floor and seat of the privy and the grounds im-
mediately adjacent to the building must be kept,in a clean
and decent condition.
3. Chickens and other animals shall not be harbored in the
privy building.
4. Seat cover shall be hinged and closed at all times when privy
is not in use.
5. Flies shall be excluded from the pit at all times. The ap-
plication of a cup full of }cerosene or used oil once each
week will assist in controlling mosquito breeding and keep
down odors.
6. When the pit becomes filled to within 18 inches of the top
• of the ground, the privy building must be moved to a new pit
-ate
2t� i�

and the old pit completely covered with earth.
• 7. If the pit should cave in, a new pit stall be provided.
8. Ashes, garbage and trash shall be kept out of the pit.
B. Septic Tanks
Any person owning or controlling the property upon which a septic
tank system is installed shall be responsible for the following
items regarding the maintenance of the system.
1. Septic tanks shall*be maintained at all times to prevent
seepage of sewage or effluents to the surface of the ground.
2. Septic tanks need occasional cleaning and should be checked
at least each three years to determine if sludge needs re-
moving (Once a year if garbage grinders are discharging to
the tank).
3. Contents removed from septic tanks shall be discharged into
an approved sewer system,buried or plowed under at an approved
location within 24 hoursy or otherwise disposed of at a lo-
cation and in a manner approved by the State or Local Agency.
SECTION VII - Permits
A. No person shall install or cause to be installed any sewage
disposal system or privy without first having obtained a written
permit from the Health Department as provided by law.
Permits shall become invalid after 12 months from the date of
issue, if the installation has not been completed during that
time period, unless otherwise specified in writing. When a per-
mit has become invalid, the installation shall not be commenced
or completed until a new permit has been obtained.
B. Any person other than the owner, tenant or manager of a resi-
dence, place of business, or place of public assembly, who en-

gages in the business of constructing or installing septic
tank systems, or the cleaning of septic tanks, shall register
• with the local health director in the county where he operates
before constructing or installing septic tank systems, or col-
lecting and disposing of septic tank contents.
C. The Health Department may grant the permits required by Section
130-166.25 and 130-166.26 of the General Statutes of North Car-
olina in connection with the restoration, reconstruction or re-
building of a residence, place of business or pace of public
assembly where the building has been damaged or destroyed by
fire, windstorm or other casualty, provided (1) there is a
septic tank system located on the premises which formerly served
the building; (2) that suc4 septic tank system was approved by the
Health Department when installed,.and (3) the septic tank system
is functioning prope;ly in the manner it was designed to function.
A".... .
9 %6

PART II
TECHNICAL GUIDE
FOR THE
EVALUATION OF PROPOSED SITES'FOR
SOIL ABSORPTION SYSTEMS OF SEWAGE DISPOSAL
This Technical Guide shall be used in the evaluation of pro-
posed sites for soil absorption systems except where the State or
local agency determine that peculiar or unusual circumstances
justify the use of other criteria which shall be consistent with
good public health practice.
SECTION I - Site Factors
In order to determine whether a site can be used for disposing
of a septic tank effluent, a number of actors shall be taken into
consideration. These factors include topography, soil characteris-
tics, ground water elevation, depth to impervious strata, and per-
colation tests.
A. TOPOGRAPHY
1. Uniform slopes under 15% shall be considered SUITABLE with
respect to topography. When slopes are less than 2%, pro-
visions shall be made to insure good surface drainage of
rainfall or runoff from buildings or paved areas. Complex
slope patterns and slopes dissected by deep gullies and
ravines are not suitable. The surface area on or around
a soil absorption system shall be graded to provide ade-
quate drainage; and such a system shall not be located in
a depressed area. Good surface drainage is essential and
• shall be provided to prevent soil saturation around the
system during rainy periods.

2. Uniform slopes between 15t and 30% shall be considered
PROVISIONALLY SUITABLE with respect to topography, if
the soils are deep and there are no restrictive horizons.
Complex slope patterns and slopes dissected by deep
gullies and ravines are not suitable. Slopes within this
range may require installation of drainage lines up -slope
from the soil absorption system to remove all excess water
that might be moving laterally through the soil during
wet periods of the year. The interception of lateral
ground water movement shall be provided where necessary
to prevent soil saturation around the soil absorption sys-
tem. Usable areas larger than minimum are ordinarily
required in this slope range.
3. Slopes greater than 30% shall be considered UNSUITABLE,
unless a thorough study of the soil characteristics indi-
cate that a soil absorption system will function satis-
factorily and sufficient ground area is available to pro-
perly install such a system.
B. SOIL CHARACTERISTICS
Unless soil characteristics have been previously established,
soil borings shall be taker ip the area, to be used for soil
absorption systems. Such borings shall be taken to depths of
at least 48 inches. From these soil borings and observation of
core samples, most of the significant soil characteristics can
be evaluated; and a determination can be made as to the suit-
ability of the soil to absorb septic tank effluent. The impor-
tant soil characteristics which shall be determined are as fol-
• lows:
.. _MW

1. TEXTURE - The relative amounts of the different sizes of
mineral particles in a soil is referred to as soil texture.
• All soils are composed of sand, (2.0 - 0.05 mm in size);
silt, which includes intermediate -sized particles that
cannot be seen with the naked eye, but feels like flour
when pressed between the fingers, (0.005 - 0.002 mm in
size); and clay, which is extremely small in size and is
the mineral particles that gives cohesion to a soil (less
than 0.002 mm in size). The texture of the different
horizons of soils may be classified into three general
classes.
a. Sandy textures - Soils that exhibit a gritty feel when
rubbed between the fingers, that crumble when moist or
wet, and that will not leaf out when pressed between
the thumb and index finger, should be classified as -
sandy textures. Sandy soils contain more than 70%
sand sized particles in the soil mass. These soils do
not have enough clay to be cohesive. Sandy soils have
favorable percolation rates, but may have a low filter-
ing capacity.
b. Loamy soils - When moist or wet, loamy soils may be
rolled into a ball that will stick together but is
easily crushed. When pressed between the fingers,
loamy soils will leaf from between the fingers to 1/4
to'1/2 inch before breaking. Loamy soils contain less
than 70% sand sized particles and more than 18% clay
sized particles in the soil mass. They exhibit little
• or no stickiness. Loamy soils generally have favorable

percolation rates and are excellent filters. Loamy
• soils are the most desirable for effluent treatment and
shall be considered SUITABLE with respect to texture.
9
c. Clayey soils - These are soils with more than 40% of
the soil mass made up of clay particles. Clayey soils,
when moist or wet, may be rolled into a compact, smooth
ball and resist pressure when crushed between the fin-
gers. When wet and pressed between the fingers, clayey
soils will leaf out to 1/2 inch or more in length before
breaking. The type or kind of play in soils is very
significant. Thee are two maJQr types of clays: The
1:1 clays (Kaolinite) which does not shrink when dry.
or swell when wet; and the 2:1 clays (Montmorillonite)
that will shrink when dry and swells when wet. The
2:1 clays crack when dry and allow water or septic tank
effluent to move freely through the soil for 48 to 72
hours.. They then become saturated and swell, resulting
in no movement of liquids through the soil. 2:1 clays
may sometimes be identified by the presence of cracks
in the soil when dry, and arqk plastic and sticky when
wet. These clays will have an olive and greyish mottled
appearance, or splotches intermingled with the yellow
and red clay colors.
1:1 clay soils shall be considered PROVISIONALLY SUITABLE
as to texture; 2:1 clays shall be considered UNSUITABLE
as to texture.
d. Organic soils shall be considered UNSUITABLE as to texture.
27�

2. Soil Structure - In many soils, the sand, silt, and clay
particles tend to cling or stick to one another to form
a ped or a clump of soil. This is known as soil struc-
ture. Soil structure may have a significant effect on
the movement of effluent through a soil. The structure
is not very important in sandy -textured soils or in loamy -
textured soils, and these types of soils shall be considered
SUITABLE as to structure. The three kinds of soil structure
that are most significant in movement of sewage effluent
through soils are blocky, platy, and the absence of soil
structure or massive conditions.
a. Blocky soil structure
(1) In clayey soils, if the soil exhibits many peds
of angular and subrounded peds, then the soils
have blocky structure. The sewage effluent may
move between the cracks of these blocky types of
peds. Blocky soil structure in clayey soils is
frequently destroyed by mechanical equipment man-
ipulating the soil when it is too wet. Trenches
for nitrification lines being placed in clayey
soils with blocky structure should only be dug
when soils are moist or dry. Blocky soil struc-
ture in clayey soils shall be considered PRO-
VISIONALLY SUITABLE as to structure.
(2) Some rocks, even though weathered, such as slates
or creviced or fractured rocks, exhibit blocky
structure, which is not changed by moving water,
• thereby allowing fluids to move downward without
filtration. Such soils shall be considered UN-

SUITABLE as to structure.
. b. Platy soil structure - If clayey soils fall out into
platelike sheets, then the soils would have platy
structure; and water or effluent movement through these
horizgns would be extremely slow, and the structure
shall be considered UNSUITABLE.
c. Absence of soil structure - Some clayey soils exhibit
no structure aggregates; and in these kinds of soils,
percolation would be zero or extremely slow. Such
structure shall be considered UNSUITABLE.
3. Soil Depth - The depth of soils classified as SUITABLE or
PROVISIONALLY.SUITABLE as to texture and structure shall
be at least 48 inches when conventional ground absorption
systems are to be utilized.
4. Restrictive Horizons - Restrictive layers or horizons.in
soils may generally be recognized by the resistance offered
in digging a hole or in using a soil auger. Restrictive
horizons are variable in their characteristics. Massive
or solid bedrock may be classed as a restrictive horizon.
Where this bedrock lies shallower than 48 inches to the
surface, it will perch sewage effluent and in many instances
will allow sewage effluent to move laterally and seep to
the surface on a lower part of the landscape. Another re- .
strictive horizon may be caused by iron pans or plinthite.
These horizons may generally be recognized by their brit-
tleness and by the presence of red and grey colored soil
materials. The red materials quite frequently will be in
• the form of nodules of very brittle fragments. These kinds

of horizons will also perch sewage effluent and limit the
storage capacity of a soil being used for disposition of
effluent. The third common restrictive horizon is a ce-
mented iron-aluminun-organic hardpan. This is very brittle
when dry and.will perch sewage effluent. Soils in which
restrictive horizons are less than 48 inches below the
ground surface or less than 12 inches below the trench
bottom of subsurface nitrification lines shall be con-
sidered UNSUITABLE, except in cases where restrictive
horizon occurring close to the ground surface have under-
lying soil stratas suitable for subsurface disposal, and
the ground water table is at least 48 inches below the
restrictive horizon. In these cases, the soil shall be
considered SUITABLE with respect to restrictive horizons,
provided the restrictive horizon is penetrated.
5. Soil Drainage - Soils with seasonally high water tables are
of major concern in evaluating sites for sewage effluent
disposal. These are the soil areas that give good percola-
tion rates during dry seasons of the year but force sewage
effluent to the surface during the wetter seasons. The
depth of the seasonal high water table can commonly be re-
cognized by those examining soil profiles. The criteria
for recognition of high water tables is that of soil color.
Subsurface horizons that are in colors of reds, yellows
and browns indicate good soil aeration and drainage through-
out the year. Subsurface horizons that are in colors of
grey, olive or bluish colors indicate poor aeration and
0 poor soil drainage. These dull or greyish colors may occur

as a solid mass of soil or may be in mottles of localized
spots. The volume of greyish colors is indicative of file
• length of time that free water stands in that soil rofi
P �e .
There are soils that have light-colored mottles which are
relic from the light-colored rock from which the soils have
weathered. These soils would not have high water tables,
so one must distinguish between a true soil ggmpp$ed of
sand, silts and clays, or the rock material that may still
exist in the soil profile. Any soil profile that has the
greyish colors, indicative of high water tables, or is sub-
ject to tidal or periodic high water, within 36 inches of
the surface shall generally be considered UNSUITABLE as to
drainage. Where the soil is considered suitable'as to
structure and texture, and modifications can be made to
keep the ground water table at least 12 inches below the
bottom of the trench, such soils shall be considered PRO-
VISIONALLY SUITABLE as �o drainage.
C. PERCOLATION TESTS
Unless soil characteristics have been previously established,
at least three percolation tests shall be made in the exact area
where the nitrification lines are to be installed. Such perco-
lation tests shall be conducted in accordance With procedures
outlined in DHS Bulletin No. 519, approved by the State Board of
Health on March 17, 1960. If the average time for the water to
fall 1 inch in the test hole is 30 minutes or less, the percola-
tion test shall be considered UITA LE; betweep 30 minutes and
60 minutes, PROVISIONALLY SUITABLE; and over 60 minutes, UN-
SUITABLE. However, if the soil texture and structure are classi
�' %

fied as suitable or proVisionally suitable, percolation rates
up to 120 minutes may be considered PROVISIONALLY SUITABLE.
There is dissension over the validity of percolation tests.
It is certain that one percolation hole on a site does not indi-
cate the ability of a soil area to handle sewage effluent.
Where percolation tests are used, three percolation tests
should be conducted in the exact area that nitrification fields
will be installed. Variability in percolation tests result
.for the following reasons: percolation test holes represent
only a small portion of the filter field; root channels and
worm holes intercepting the percolation hole will give erron-
eous percolation results; moisture conditions at the time of
the percolation test will give wide variability in results;
mechanical digging or auger boring for the percolation hole
will often destroy soil structure; dry clays, with shrink -
swell potential, will give good percolation rates for as long
as 48 to 72 hours; the characteristics of sewage effluent are
different from those of the water used in percolation tests.
Soils with sandy or loamy textured profiles, without restric-
tive horizons, or in the absence of high water tables will
give percolation rates of less than 60 minutes per inch. Soils
with clayey profiles will commonly have percolation rates of
greater than 60 minutes per inch, dependent on soil structure,
kind of clay, and past land use.
D. DETERMINATION OF SOIL SUITABILITY
All of the above criteria under topography, soil charact-
eristics and percolation.tests shall be determined to be SUIT-
• ABLE, PROVISIONALLY SUITABLE, or UNSUITABLE as indicated. If
��y

all criteria are classified the same, that classification will
• prevail. However, it is unlikely that all criteria, will be
classified the same in all situations. Where there is a vari-
ation in classification of the several criteria, the following
shall be used in making the overall determination, and is sum-
marized in Table II.
1. If the soil structure is classified as unsuitable, the overall
classification will be UNSUITABLE, regardless of the classi-
fication of the other criteria.
2. If the soil texture is classified as unsuitable, and the
soil structure is provisionally suitable, the soil texture
may be reclassified as PROVISIONALLY SUITABLE.
3. When soil depth is classified as unsuitable, it may be re-
classified as PROVISIONALLY SUITABLE if shallower trenches
or a mound system can be copstructed.
4. When the restrictive horizon is classified -unsuitable, it
may be reclassified as SUITABLE under the conditions out-
lined in B. 4.
5. When drainage (ground water level) is unsuitable, it may
be reclassified as PROVISIONALLY SUITABLE under the condi-
tions outlined in B. 5.
6. Percolation rates in excess of 60 minutes, but not exceed-
ing 120 minutes may be classified as PROVISIONALLY SUITABLE
under conditions outlined �n C.
E. AVAILABLE SPACE
Sites shall have sufficient available space to permit the
installation and proper functioning of ground absorption sewage
• disposal systems, based upon the square footage of nitrification.
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field required for the application rate previously determined.
• Sites classified as PROVISIONALLY SUITABLE should have suf-
ficient available space to accommodate a replacement nitrifi-
cation field.
All systems with a design capacity of over 3,000 gallons
per day shall have provided sufficient area to accommodate a
replacement nitrification field.
F. APPLICATION RATES
In determining the volume of sewage from residences, the
flow rate shall be 75 gallons per person per day; and each
bedroom.shall be considered the equivalent of 2 persons. For
establishments other than residences, the flow rate shall be
determined from Table I, Part II, "Technical Guide".
In calculating the amount of square feet of area needed
for the nitrification field in trench system, the maximum
trench width used in the calculations shall be 36 inches, even
though the actual trench width may be constructed larger.
Trenches shall be not less than 8 feet on centers.
The State or local agency may permit the use of a bed
system in lieu of a trench system for the nitrification field
when it has been determined that the trench system is impracti-
cal or impossible because of topography or space limitations.
In such cases, the amount of square feet of area needed shall
be increased ;by 50% over what would be required for a trench
system; or in lieu of the.added area, the amount of gravel or
stone under the drain lines shall be increased to a depth of
not less than 12 inches. The extra area is needed to compen-
sate for tie loss of trench sidewall area in the bed systems.
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Drain lines shall be at least 18 inches from the side of the
bed and shall be not less than three feet on centers.
• 1. Sites classified as SUITABLE may receive application of
septic tank effluents up to 1.5 gallons per square foot
per day.
2. Sites classified as PROVISIONALLY SUITABLE may receive
septic tank effluents up to 0.75 gallons per square foot
per day; except that where percolation rates exceed 60
minutes per inch, the application rate shall not exceed
0.5 gallons per square foot per day,
3. Sites classified as UNSUITABLE shall not be used for soil
absorption disposal systems, unless engineering, hydro -
geologic, and soil studies indicate to the local agency
that a suitable alternative to a septic tank system gan
reasonably be expected to -function satisfactorily.
G. OTHER APPLICABLE FACTORS INVOLVING ACCEPTED PUBLIC HEALTH
PRINCIPLES
The site evaluation should include consideration of any
other applicable factors involving -accepted public health
principles, such as:
1. The proximity of a large -capacity water -supply well, the
cone of influence of which would dictate a larger separa-
tion distance than the minimum distance specified in
Section V. Part I, of the Regulations.
2. The potential public health hazard of possible failures
of soil absorption systems involving large quantities of
sewage, which would dictate larger separation distances
• than the minimums specified in Section V, Part I, of the
Regulations.
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•
•
3. The potential public health hazard of possible massive
failures of soil absorption systems proposed to serve large
numbers of residences, as in residential subdivisions or
mobile home parks.
4. Other circumstances peculiar to individual situations.
TABLE NO. I
The following estimates of sewage quantities are the minimums
required for use in determining the volume of septic tanks being
designed to serve selected types of establishments. The figures
include volume necessary to handle the sewage flow and provide sludge
storage, and may differ from estimated sewage flows used in the de-
sign of municipal, or community sewerage systems.
TYPE OF ESTABLISHMENT
Airports (also R. R. stations, bus
terminals, not including food
service facilities) . . . . . . . . .
DAILY FLOW FOR DESIGN
5 gal/passenger
Barber Shops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.00 gal/chair
Beauty Shops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 gal/booth or
bowl
Bowling Alleys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 gal/lane
Camps
Construction or work camps . . . . . . . 50 gal/person
Summer Camps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 gal/person
Camp grounds . . . . . . . . . . . . 150 gal/campsite
Churches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 gal/member
Country Clubs - Resident members . 75 gal/person
Non-resident members . . . . 20 gal/person
Day Care Facilities . . . . . . . . . . . 15 gal/person

Factories (exclusive of industrial
wastes) - per shift . . . . . . .
25
gal/person
Hospitals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
300
gal/bed
Laundries (self-service) . . . . . . . . . . .
500
gal/machine
Motels/hotels . . . . . . . . . . . .
75
gal/room
With cooking facilities in room . . . . . .
125
gal/room
Resort . . . . . . . . . . . .
200
gal/room
Offices - Per shift . . .
25
gal/person
Nursing/Rest Homes - with laundry
150
gal/bed
- without laundry
75
gal/bed
Residential Care Facilities
75
gal/person
Restaurants.
40
gal/seat
Schools: Day Schools
15
gal/person
NOTE: Use 20 gal/person if aerobic
treatment is proposed.
Boarding Schools
75
gal/person
Day workers. .-. . . .
25
gal/person
Service Stations
250
gal/water
closet or
urinal
NOTE: If food service is included,
add 40 gal/seat
Swimming Pools and Bathhouses
10
gal/person
Theaters - Auditoriums
3 gal/seat
Drive -In
5 gal/car space
Travel Trailer Parks
150
gal/space

TABLE NO. II
POSSIBLE MODIFICATIONS OF INITIAL CLASSIFICATIONS
• (This table does not include all possible combinations, but
includes those which could result in up -grading the initial
classification).
Initial Modifying Final
Criteria Classification Factors Classification
TOPOGRAPHY UNSUITABLE Soil Character- PROVISIONALLY
istics; Suitable SUITABLE
or Provisonally
Suitable, and
sufficient area
available.
SOIL
CHARACTERISTICS
(a) Texture
UNSUITABLE
Soil Structurc
PROVISIONALLY
Provisionally
SUITABLE
Suitable, Soil
Depth, Restric-
tive Horizon and
Drainage Suitable.
(b) Structure
UNSUITABLE
None
UNSUITABLE
(c) Depth
UNSUITABLE
Use of Shallow
PROVISIONALLY
Trench
SUITABLE
Use of Mound
System
(d) Restrictive
UNSUITABLE
Restrictive Hori-
SUITABLE
Horizon
zon close to sur-
face; Underlying
Soil Strata Suit-
able; Water Table
1' or more Below
Bottom of Trench.
(e) Drainage
UNSUITABLE
Lower Ground Wa-
PROVISIONALLY
ter Table to at
SUITABLE
Least 1' Below
Bottom of Trench.
GROUND WATER
UNSUITABLE
Lower Ground
PROVISIONALLY
ELEVATION
Water Table to
SUITABLE
at Least 1' Below
Bottom of Trench.
DEPTH TO IMPER-
UNSUITABLE
Restrictive Hori-
PROVISIONALLY
VIOUS STRATA
zon Close to Sur-
face; Underlying
SUITABLE
Soil Strata Suit-
able; Water Table
1' or More Below
Bottom of Trench.

r]
0
PERCOLATION UNSUITABLE
TEST (60-120 Min/inch)
Soil Structure
and Texture
Suitable or Pro-
visionally Suit-
able
PROVISIONALLY
SUITABLE
SECTION III - Interpretation and Technical Assistance
A. INTERPRETATION --The provisions of this Technical Guide shall
be interpreted, as applicable, in accordance with the recognized
principles and practices of soil science.
B. TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE - State agencies will provide technical
assistance. Local agencies shall obtain technical assistance
from soil scientist personnel, and local soil survey information.
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r
PART III
APPLICABILITY, EFFECTIVE DATE, AND FURTHER GENERAL PROVISIONS SEC-
TION III
Conflicting Rules and Regulations Repealed
All rules and regulations heretofore adopted by the Pamlico
County Board of Health which are in conflict with the provisions
of these rules and regulations are hereby repealed.
SECTION IV - Severability
If any provision of these rules and regulations or the appli-
cation thereof to any person or circumstance is held invalid, the
remainder of the rules and regulations or the application of such
provisions to other persons or circumstances shall not be affected
thereby.
SECTION V - Effective Date
The foregoing rules and regulations and technical guide were
adopted at a meeting of the Pamlico County Board of Health on
Janaury 22, 1975, and will be in full force and effect from and
after March 1, 1976.
Certified as a true copy,
Director
Pamlico County Health Department
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oZ SO