Waterfront Access Plans And Designs for Cowpen Landing and Brinson School-1976

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This report was financed in part by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration and the State of North Carolina, and meets the requirements of
the North Carolina Coastal Area Management Act of 1974.
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F O R E S
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INDUSTRIAL 1156 POP. 5,283 L7 70 \ y
GOVERNMENT & INSTITUTIONAL \ 0 LONG ? J
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CULTURAL, ENTERTAINMENT, ` � j �
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AGRICULTURE /�`, 5.55: NORTH CAROLI NA
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_ I _ / 1 NOTE: MAP INCLUDES ONLY STATE MAINTAINED ROADS
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MILEAGE NOT SHOWN ON FRONTAGE ROADS.
\ \\ ROADS SHOWN AS OF JAN. 1, 1974 SCALE FOR ENLARGEMENTS
POLYCONIC PROJECTION
CRAVEN COUNTY NORTH UROuNA OA9
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CRAVEN COUNTY
FUTURE LAND USE
••••••••••••••• n. j
F O R E S T/'
TRANSITION t \�:.'•. .•: ':. '.:•'i, 7 ? l7.1 . L
\•.. ....... `N A T 1 0 N A L aj
Q
COMMUNITY \
1) )'�
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RURAL (White) l
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CONSERVATION - _ . , c'iine LAKE ja C, O
. • • •- CRAVEN COUNTY
WATER u F�
LITTLE /
\ LAKE a.
/
\\ j NORTH CAROLI NA
l\ 1\ GREAT LAKE
J� ,\ LAKE
\ -----^-_-�~ ELL75
CROATAN � \ Sl.t h
\\\ COOPERATIVE
WILDLIFE - j' C
REVISED E\
1 ex MANAGEMENT
1 - 1-61 - t\ AREA • /�// $
SCALE
1- I 66 I)o I 0 1 2 3 4 MILES
j NOTE: MAP INCLUDES ONLY STATE MAINTAINED ROADS
1 \ j OR IMPORTANT NON -SYSTEM ROADS. 0 0.5 1 MILE
MILEAGE NOT SHOWN ON FRONTAGE ROADS.
ROADS SHOWN AS OF AN. 1, 1974 SCALE FOR ENLARGEMENTS
9�50 °•_
POLYCONIC PROJECTION
CRAVEN COUNTY NORTH CAROLINA OA9
FUTURE LAND USE
ments during the following 10 year period; and will not require
REVIEW
extensive public services now or in the future.
Board of Commissioners
The proposed future land use of Craven County was develop-
D. Rural -Lands for which the highest use is agriculture,
In conclusion, thanks must go to the many Craven County
Grover C. Lancaster, Jr., Chairman
ed as the major tool in implementing the county's goals and
forestry, mining, water supply, etc., based on their natural
Citizens who devoted free time to this planning process for
John B. Willis R. Frank Hargett
objectives. Future land use, designating growth areas, was
resources potential. Also, lands for future use not currently
without you, the citizens, this would not be a true plan for
George Nelson W.J. Wynne, Jr.
mapped according to CAMA guidelines by the Planning Board
recognized.
Craven County.
and by the CAMA Advisory Board using the goals and objec-
E. Conservation -Fragile, hazard and other lands necessary to
If you have not had the time or opportunity for whatever
Planning Board
tives, population projections, and public participation re-
maintain a healthy natural environment and necessary to pro-
reason to participate in the process thus far, please consider
sponse. The five land use classifications are defined briefly as
vide for the public health, safety, or welfare.
what has been done and any improvements that can be made.
Charles Potter, Chairman
follows:
As indicated above, Planning is an on -going process and your
Mrs. Ruby Dillahunt Sidney French
Land classification in areas of conflicting uses or conditions
recommendations can strengthen or change any goal or objec-
Mrs. Virginia Freeman James A. Lewis
A. Developed -Lands where existing population density is
were classified in the most reasonable possibility. The Planning
tive.
Clarence E. Neal Rodney Russell
moderate to high, and where there are a variety of land uses
Board made every effort to reflect the present development of
Certainly, as time passes with changes in the economy and
William Brooks
which have the necessary public services.
land, the desire of the citizens, the CAMA guidelines and the
life-styles, some parts of the Land Use Plan will need revision. A
B. Transition -Lands where local government plans to accom-
environment during the land classification process. In develop-
major review of the plan including the public participation
CAMA Citizens Advisory Board
modate moderate to high density development during the
ing boundary classifications between city and county, the
process is scheduled on a five year interval basis.
following 10 year period, and where necessary public services
Planning Board and Advisory Board held several joint meetings
A.D. Harris Lew Dunn P.G. Whitley
will be provided to accommodate that growth.
both formal and informal with the municipalities to resolve
Charles Potter Ed Simpson Jim Morris
C. Community -Lands where low density development is
differences and to gain greater understanding and government
Bob Chiles Otto Hecht Harold Sides
grouped in existing settlements, or will occur in such settle-
coordination.
Lonnie Pridgen C.B. Beasley Richard Mills
George Carraway

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PUP AJlsaJoj paulewaJ aney sasn puel leini A;unoD uane'D
u! AlleaauaD •suo!l!puoa asn puel op os 'd!ysumol o; dlysumol
pup Al!unwwoa of Al!unwwoa woJj aSueya aldoad se lsnf
sumo; ayl punoie
;uawdolanap d!ils jouiw pue sal;!unwwoa Ilews Auew Suiwjoj
'A;unoa ay; lnog2nojyl paja;leas ssu!llamp Al!wej alSu!s jo
Allelol lsowle s;slsuoa sea.re asayl u! ;uawdolanap lelluaplsaa
slsaioj pue spla!j 'sasn palua!jo lemllnaljSp leini Aq paleulwop
si 'AlunOD uaneJD ul PaAaAJns se 'adeaspuel upgjn-uou ayl
A;uno, uaneJ, leina
S3nssi 3sn UNVI (INV 3Sn dNVI
POPULATION AND ECONOMY
Craven County has experienced major economic and popula-
tion growth over the last several decades. The initial push
beginning this steady growth came in the 1940's with the
establishment of the Cherry Point Marine Corps Air Station at
Havelock. As nearly a direct result, Craven County's population
increased from 31,298 residents in 1940 to an estimated 65,000
permanent residents in 1974. Population projections indicate
more moderate growth for the immediate future.
The largest single employer in Craven County, Cherry Point
MCAS and NARF produced an equal impact on economic
development in the county. In 1971 for instance, the military
and civilian payroll was over $100,000,000. More than half of
this money was estimated as having been spent in the Craven
County area. Agriculture, wholesale trade, and retail trade are
also very important to the economy of Craven County. Crafts-
men, foremen, and kindred workers represent the largest oc-
cupational class of persons over 16 years. Per capita income has
risen though problems with inflation and the cost of living
continue to be major concerns for most county citizens.
FUTURE POPULATION
Craven County is predicted to increase population steadily in
the future. Population growth should reach nearly 10,000
persons during the next 10 years. Most of these people will be
located in the areas which want to encourage growth; the areas
in and around New Bern and Havelock in townships 6, 7, and 8.
Major population increases in townships 1, 2, 3, 5 and 9 are
neither anticipated nor desired. Population in these townships is
predicted to remain stable with only minor increases in the
communities. Effective planning for these future residents calls
for attention to be given to the type and cost of services to
accommodate such growth.
LAND CAPABILITY
The capability of the land, in growth -designated areas, to
sustain the increased population and density without endan-
gering valuable natural resources is an important factor which
must be considered. In Craven County, most of the land where
growth is desired and projected to occur is near or adjacent to
the Neuse River system with its estuarine waters and marsh-
lands. Additional problems which arise are the coastal flood -
plains; and soils not suited for septic tanks, which cover much
of this land. Simply stated, as anyone who frequently applies for
septic tank permits in the New Bern area knows, the land is near
its carrying capacity without central water and sewer service.
With central water and sewer services the projected and
present populations can both easily be accommodated in the
designated growth areas. The alternative to this planned growth
would be more expensive haphazard development controlled
only by health and safety regulations. If this happened, lots with
septic tanks would generally have to be much larger, and
consequently, more expensive. Many acres could not be ap-
proved for septic tanks at all, many acres would be taken from
wildlife and agriculture, many more miles of streets and high-
ways would have to be built, and much larger energy costs
would occur. The economic and environmental costs would be
great.
COSTS OF PLANNED DEVELOPMENT
The costs of services required by planned growth will also be
expensive. The most expensive are central water and sewage
systems. There is a pressing need for these services in many
areas already, as identified by the public participation process.
Fortunately for Craven County, all areas except Dover, where
central sewage disposal is planned, are within the 201 Facilities
Planning Program boundaries. The 201 designation can mean
federal funds from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
for construction of sewage disposal systems. These funds are
limited, however, and Craven County cannot be guaranteed full
75% funding of its needs. Even with additional funding by the
state, Craven County must bear some expensive costs.
Costs are not limited to water and sewer. Other facilities will
also be required. Streets and roads will have to be installed and
upgraded as will many community facilities. Careful budgeting
to fund schools, recreation facilities, the county hospital, and
other county services will become a necessity. Craven County
should, with proper budgeting and the anticipated accompany-
ing growth of the tax base, be able to fund these additional
facilities while maintaining the current level of service.
GOALS
•SIP02 IleJanO ul pup sa!aepunoq
A;unoa-Al!:) Suole kwa;slsuoa dolanap o; AlunoD uaneJD
PUP spoOM ;uail '1:)OlaAeH 'wag maN 10 sIe!a!jjO
pup siauueld uaamlaq play ajaM ssupaaw uo!leu!pjooD •3
•apew Sulaq
ssaiSoid uO Sala!lre smau pue SluaUJas!lJanpe Su!laaw
y;oq pa!aiea siadedsmau pue 'o!pei 'uOISIAalal IP301 3
•sajieuuo!;sanb pue uolssnas!p lejo woij
pau!e2 uo!led!al;Jed ql!m (-:);a 'saaaAef 'uawaii3 iaa;
-unIOA •a•I) sdnojS IenP!A!puI y;lm play ajaM sSuilaaW 4
•sai!euuoilsanb palaldwoa 2U1A1aaaJ
joj AlunoD ay; lnoysnojy; pa;nyi1sip ajam pup spe
ay; ul palsll ajaM „saxoq dojp„ uaalxlS •jaddoyS ay; pup
leujno -unS ay; ylog ui pays!lgnd sem ai!euuoilsanb ayl .D
•sai!euuoilsanb ay; Sulumlaj pup Suljamsue Aq
ssaaojd Sumueld ay; uj lied lool sluaied jiayl pup (Zl. ?g
'g '0 sapeJ2 pa;aalas ul sluapnlS •walsAS looyas AlunoD
UaneJD ay; ysnojyl pa;ngljlslp ajaM saneuuoilsana .g
(•sdlysumol awos U! play aaam
ssullaaw aajyl se Auew sV) •uosiad Suipual;e yaea of
uaAl2 saileuuoilsanb pup salnu!w Suilaaw wojj pau!es
seM uoiledla!ljed allgnd -AlunoD uaneJD jo dlysumol
yaea ul play aJam ssu!laaw d!ysumol pas!;Janpe 'uado •V
:aminj ayl Olul sieaA aaow
Auew pup 'OZ '01. al!I aq pinoys A;unoD ayl leym lnoge sMaIA
i!ay; ssajdxa of sa!l!unlioddo 2UIMOIloj ayl uaA!S aJaM suazq!a
D AlunoD uaneJul ssaaojd Suiuueld ay; ui uo.1edla!ljed a!lgnd
anlsualxa saa!nbai osle laV ;uawa2vueW uajV le;seoD ayl
NOI1Vdl3liHVd 3119nd
•pa;aajjp aip uaaauoD Ie;UawuoJ1Au3 jo seaaV
aJaym upld ay; jo uopeluawaldw! aoj Al!l!q!suodsai Aiewud ay;
sey uolsslwwoD saaJnosa6 lelseoD ayl •suopelaj Alunoa-Al!:)
pooS pup 'sa!a!lod )uawdolanap Ieulsnpui pup 1p!luap!sai pup
'salallod uo!sualxa A;!I!;n aslauoa jo )uawdolanap 'aaueuipio
Meld pool] A;unoa p jo ;uawaajojua pup ;uawdolanap 'spaap
uoi;Isueal u! Suluoz 'apoa Su!pl!nq alels ayl pup 'suo!lelnSaj
uO!Slnlpgns jo luawaaaojua lalals panu!luoa apnlaul uo!lel
-uawaldwi jayljnj jo sdals algpgOJd •siauoiss!uuwoD AlunoD ayl
Aq ueld ayl jo uo!ldope pup 'SPaeog AJOSIAPV pue Su!uueld ayl
Aq luawasiopua yl!m panulluoa sey pup ssaaojd uoiled!allaed
a!lgnd ay; ysnoayl sanllaafgo pup sleo2 jo uo!lp:)y4uap! yl!m
upSaq ueld asn puel AlunoD uaneJD ay; jo uopeluawaldwl
NOI1V1N3W31dWl
•sieaA OL Suimolloj ayl u!yl!m pasn
aq of si A;unoa ayl ul puel ayl moy Su!laafoad 'uallum aq uea
ueld ayl pau!wjalap si sly) aau0 •eaae Suiuueld ayl jo ainlnj ay;
aauanlju! AM yalyM spuaJ; Jo 'suoil!puoa lsed pue luasaid 1p
�Ool asola p saalnbaj lsjlj upld asn pue3 Aue jo luawdolanaa
•lenoidde leulj Hof DND
ayl o; pa;;!wgns aaam Aayl 's;uawuJanOS Ieaol ayl Aq panojddp
aaam sueld asn puel ayl jalje 'VWVD ayl japun •lseoa ay;
wojj slpnp!AIpuI jo do appw pjeoq jagwaw-SI. e '(DND) uo!ss!w
-woD saaanosaN IelseoD ay; si ssaaojd aloym s!yl 2u1aasJan0
-AlunoD
ayl ul Iley umol yaea pue 'Ajejq!l a!lgnd AlunoD uaneJD ay;
'aai jjO Su!uueld AlunoD uanpJD ay; 'asnoyljnoD AlunoD uaneaD
ayl 1p uo!laadsui joj algel!ene aje saidoD •luawnaop aauaaajaa
e se uo!;nq!jls!p pal!w!l joj papualui si ueld asn pue) Ilnj ayl
-AlunoD ayl ul ployasnoy AJaAa of paJanllap Su!aq si ya!ym ueld
asn pue3 AlunOD uaneJD aql jo Aaewuuns e si luawnaop s!yl
wag
maN ul s;uawUaanOD jo I!aunoD JaAIN asnaN ayl y;!m laejluoa
leaol ySnojyl pays!ujnj sem upld slyl Sulaedaid ui aauels!ssp
Iealuyaal veld asn pup) AlunoD uanpJD ayl pajedaid suazil!a
A;unoa IeJanas pue 'sjauo!ss!wwoD A;unoD ayl Aq paluioddp
PJeog AJOSIAPV suazll!D lelaads p 'pJeog Su!uueld AlunoD
ay; 'sJauo!ssiwwoD AlunoD ayl 'mel s!yl japufl -W61. 'LZ AeW
Aq ueld asn pue) a;aidwoa a dolanap of sapunoa lelspoa OZ ino
pajinbai 'AlgwassV IpjauaD eu!lojeD y;SON ay; Aq papuawe pup
paljp;ei se '(VWVD) ;aV luawaSeupW eaJV Ie;seoD tL61, ayl
NOII:)n(IOa1NI
Directions received from public participation responses pro-
vided the guide for establishment of goals and objectives for
Craven County. The six areas addressed were not given definite
priorities, and can be considered of relatively equal importance
for the present. All are not directly in the province of Craven
County, and therefore, the county cannot always control ac-
tions in all six areas.
The following were the six major areas of public interest and
concern identified through the public participation process:
Recreation
Education
Road System
Water and Sewer
Wildlife Protection
Growth and Development
These six concerns were structured in a goals and objectives
framework which can be implemented by adoption of and
adherence to the County Land Use Plan. The success of each
goal is considered important to maintaining and improving the
living environment of Craven County.
Recreation
Coal: Achievement of a comprehensive recreation pro-
gram that is accessible to all citizens of Craven
County; that will provide opportunities for the use
of leisure time; and that will serve the creative,
physical, and social interests of county citizens.
Objectives: A. Continue examination, review, and evalua-
tion of the existing recreation program and
facilities. Annual reports shall be prepared
by the Recreation Commission.
B. Continue implementation of the adopted
Master Plan for Parks and Recreation in Cra-
ven County according to the schedule detail-
ed in the plan.
C. Secure available state and federal grants for
special projects and implementation of the
County Master Plan. Assistance in obtaining
funds shall be requested, as required, from
the Neuse River Council of Governments
and the Department of Natural and Economic
Resources.
D. The Recreation Commission shall annually
review applicable state and federal standards,
policies, and funding sources, for recreation
uses of the Neuse and Trent Rivers. Special
attention shall be directed upward providing
additional river access areas in and near De-
veloped and Transition class lands along the
rivers.
E. The Craven County Planning Board during
FY '77 shall consider, with the assistance of
the Recreation Commission, the requirement
for dedicated recreation land in subdivision.
Education
Goal: Education facilities easily accessible to all Craven
County students, while providing programs to
meet the needs of each student regardless of his
anticipated goals in life.
Objectives: A. Develop a capital budgeting system for the
Craven County School System.
B. Continue meetings between the New Bern
and Craven County School Systems to de-
termine the feasibility of a consolidated
countywide school system.
C. Determine, in 1976 dollars, the cost of im-
plementing a consolidated school system in
Craven County.
D. Review annually all levels of curriculum for
needed improvements and student response.
E. Determine feasibility of incentives for educa-
tion and advancement of school system
teachers and faculty.
SUMMARY
of the
CRAVEN COUNTY
LAND USE PLAN
Prepared by the
BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS
and
CITIZENS
of Craven County
North Carolina
With Assistance from
The Neuse River Council of Governments
1976
Road, Streets, Highways
Coal: An adequate system of transportation throughout
Craven County with access to development prop-
erties.
Objectives: A. Review annually the transportation needs
within Craven County and work closely with
the North Carolina Department of Transpor-
tation to establish priorities for improve-
ments.
B. Continue enforcement of the Craven County
Subdivision Regulations which require con-
struction of roads in compliance with ac-
cepted specifications of the N.C. Department
of Transportation.
Water and Sewer
Goal: Construction, operation, and maintenance of cen-
tral water and sewer systems enabling environ-
mentally sound development in areas of the
county where unsanitary conditions exist, or
where future development will occur in transition
areas.
Objectives: A. Review recommendations of the New Bern,
Havelock, and Vanceboro 201 Facilities Stud-
ies and implement desired alternatives in co-
ordination with municipal governments.
B. Establish a Craven County Water and Sewer
system for administration over construction
and operation of county water and sewer
facilities.
C. Research funding sources and secure financ-
es for the installation of central water systems
in transition lands.
D. Provide by 1981, access to central water serv-
ice in all county transition land.
E. Provide by 1985, access to central sewer serv-
ice in all county transition land.
Wildlife Protection
Goal: Encourage proper management of wildlife areas
and the preservation of rare or endangered species
within the county.
Objectives: A. Ensure that conservation lands are adequate-
ly protected by County Land Use regulations.
B. Work closely with landowners and wildlife
interests for identification of possible addi-
tional conservation lands.
C. Continue cooperation and assistance with
state and federal wildlife protection agencies.
Growth and Development
Coal: Environmentally, aesthetically, and economically
sound development within Craven County.
Objectives: A. Review annually land use control and con-
struction ordinances for effective operation
and enforcement.
B. Review bi-annually land use control ordi-
nances for technical capability.
C. Adopt and implement zoning regulations in
transition areas by 1978.
D. Develop a County Housing Assistance Plan
including possible funding sources for im-
proving substandard housing by 1978.
E. Construct a Capital Improvements Budget
for implementing the Community Facilities
Plan recommendations.
F. Implement Community Facilities Plan.
G. Continue funding and operation of the Coun-
ty Industrial Development Commission.
Alternatives to the goals were not established, as the rather
broad general goals incorporated most public participation
response. No goal was omitted which had any major justifica-
tion in the public participation response.
DC
0
POTENTIAL AREAS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERN
Perhaps the single most important aspect of the entire Coastal
Area Management Act was the requirement of designation and
protection of Areas of Environmental Concern (AEC). Areas of
Environmental Concern are those fragile areas containing en-
vironmental or natural resources of more than local significance
where uncontrolled or incompatible development could result
in major or irreversible damage to important historic, cultural,
scientific, or scenic values of natural systems. The following is a
descriptive list of the potential Areas of Environmental Concern
which are currently under study in Craven County, and their
appropriate land uses.
Coastal Wetlands
Coastal wetlands are defined as "any salt marsh or other
marsh subject to regular or occasional flooding by tides,
including wind tides (whether or not the tide waters reach the
marshland area through natural or artificial water courses)
provided this shall not include huricance or tropical storm
tides."
Wetlands in Craven County are found along the Neuse and
Trent Rivers and the many creeks and branches which flow into
these rivers.
Appropriate Land Uses: Wetlands play an important role in
the coastal environment and in most cases these marshlands do
not possess attractiveness for development. Marshes should be
considered unsuitable for all development which will alter their
natural functions. Inappropriate land uses include, but are not
limited to the following examples: restaurants and businesses;
residences, apartments, motels, hotels, and trailer parks; park-
ing lots and offices; spoil and dump sites; waste -water lagoons;
public and private roads and highways; and factories. Examples
of acceptable land uses include utility easements, fishing piers,
docks, certain agricultural uses except where excavation or
filling affecting estuarine or navigable waters is involved, and
other such uses which do not significantly alter the natural
functions of the marsh.
Areas Subject to Public Rights
Areas such as waterways and lands under or flowed by tidal
waters or navigable waters, to which the public may have rights
of access or public trust rights and areas which the State of
North Carolina may be authorized to preserve, conserve, or
protect under Article XIV, Section 5, of the North Carolina
Constitution.
Appropriate Uses: Any land use which interferes with the
public right of navigation, or other public trust rights, which the
public may be found to have in these waters, shall not be
allowed. The development of navigational channels, drainage
ditches, the use of bulkheads to prevent erosion, and the
building of piers or wharfs are examples of land uses appropriate
within public trust waters provided that such land uses will not
be detrimental to the biological and physical functions and
public trust rights. Projects which would directly or indirectly
block or impair existing navigation channels, increase shoreline
erosion, deposit spoils below mean high tide, cause adverse
water circulation patterns, violate water quality standards, or
cause degradation of shellfish waters are generally considered
incompatible with the management of public trust waters.
Natural Hazard Areas
Natural hazard areas are where uncontrolled or incompatible
development could unreasonably endanger life or property, and
other areas especially vulnerable to erosion, flooding, or other
adverse effects of sand, wind, and water.
Appropriate Land Uses —Estuarine and River Erodible Areas:
Permanent or substantial residential, commercial, institutional
or industrial structures are not appropriate uses in estuarine and
sound and river erodible areas unless stabilization has been
achieved along the affected reach. Recreational, rural and
conservation activities represent appropriate land uses in those
erodible areas where shoreline protective construction has not
been completed.
Erodible areas in Craven County are lands above ordinary high
water where excessive erosion has a high probability of oc-
curring as defined by the State Geologist.
Fragile, Historic, or Natural Resource Areas
Fragile or historic areas, and other areas containing environ-
mental or natural resources of more than local significance,
where uncontrolled or incompatible development could result
in major or irreversible damage to important historic, cultural,
scientific or scenic values of Natural systems.
Appropriate Land Uses —Complex Natural Areas: Lands within
the AEC shall not be planned for uses or kinds of development
that will unnecessarily jeopardize the natural or primitive
character of the natural areas directly or indirectly through
increased accessibility. Additionally, lands adjacent to the
complex natural areas should not be planned for additonal
development that would unnecessarily endanger the recognized
value of the AEC.
Complex natural areas in Craven County are found within
Croatan National Forest.
Appropriate Land Uses —Areas that Sustain Remnant Species:
Lands within the AEC shall not be planned for uses or kinds of
development that will unnecessarily jeopardize the habitat
conditions responsible for the continued survival of the respec-
tive plants or animals.
Identifiable areas which contain remnant species are small
stands of old pine trees in Croatan National Forest which
provide habitat for Red Cockaded Woodpeckers. These sites are
limited to several acres or less.
Appropriate Land Uses —Areas Containing Unique Geological
Formations: Uses with areas containing unique geological for-
mations shall be tailored to the unique qualities of the indivi-
dual area.
Areas within Craven County containing unique geological
formations are a marine molluscan sire of Miocene Age near
Spring Garden, a site of Pleistocene cypress stumps approxi-
mately 10 miles south of New Bern along the Neuse River, and a
Neuse River exposure of Trent Limestone also near Spring
Garden.
Appropriate Land Uses —Historic Places: Land use which will
result in substantial irreversible damage to the historic value of
the area is inappropriate.
Craven County has two sites in the county planning jurisdic-
tion which are included in the National Register of Places.
Bellair, north of the junction of S.R. 1401 and S.R. 1419 and
Clear Springs Plantation of N.C. near Jasper.
Estuarine Waters
Estuarine waters are defined in G.S. 113-229 (n) (2) as, "all the
water of the Atlantic Ocean within the boundary of North
Carolina and all the waters of the bays, sounds, rivers, and
tributaties thereto seaward of the dividing line between coastal
fishing waters and inland fishing waters, as set forth in an
agreement adopted by the Wildlife Resources Commission and
the Department of Conservation and Development filed with the
Secretary of State entitled 'Boundary Lines, North Carolina
Commercial Fishing, Inland Fishing Waters, revised March 1,
1965,' or as it may be subsequently revised by the Legislature."
Estuarine waters in Craven County consist of the Neuse and
Trent Rivers and the major creeks of the Neuse River system.
Appropriate Land Uses: Highest priority shall be given to the
conservation of estuarine waters. The development of naviga-
tional channels, the use of bulkheads to prevent erosion, and
the building of piers or wharfs where no other feasible alterna-
tives exist are examples of land uses appropriate within es-
tuarine waters, provided that such land uses will not be
detrimental to the biological and physical estuarine functions
and public trust rights. Projects which would directly or in-
directly block or impair existing navigation channels, increase
shoreline erosion, deposit soils below mean high tide, cause
adverse water circulation patterns, violate water quality stand-
ards, or cause degradation of shellfish should be considered
incompatible with the management of estuarine waters.
Renewable Resource Areas —Watersheds or Aquifers
Public water supply watersheds or aquifers are defined as
areas that are present sources of public water supply, as
identified by the N.C. Commission for Health Services or the
Environmental Management Commission, or that are classified
for water supply pursuant to G.S. 143-214.1.
Appropriate Land Uses: Land use which allows and insures
the continued maintenance of water quality and quantity of all
surface and subsurface water supplies.

CRAVEN
COUNTY
WATERFRONT ACCESS
PLANS AND DESIGNS
FOR
9@ypH LIMBUH
AND
Q0Gfl0oa 93M@@l
lease do not remove!!!!!
Division of Coastal Management
JOHN J. HOOTON & ASSOCIATES, WILMINGTON, N.C.

CRAVEN COUNTY
WATERFRONT ACCESS
PLANS AND DESIGNS
FOR
COWPEN LANDING
AND
THE BRINSON SCHOOL SITE
Prepared for
The Craven County Recreation & Parks Department
George B. Sawyer, Director
with assistance from
The Cowpen Landing Recreation Committee
The Brinson School Recreation Committee
The Weyerhaeuser Corporation
Consultants
John J. Hooton & Associates
Edward D. Stone and Associates, Inc.
Synthesis
This report was financed in part by a grant from the U.S. Department of
Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and the North
Carolina Department of Natural Resources and Community Development, Office
of Coastal Management.

1.0 INTRODUCTION
The past decade has seen a continued migration of population to coastal
areas and North Carolina has been no exception. Preliminary census results
indicate that all of North Carolina's coastal counties gained population, and
most of them experienced influxes of 8 percent or more.
Even though Craven County has no oceanfront shoreline, it grew by 13.6
percent. This surge in growth has required coastal towns and counties to rethink
land use and service policies, so that limited coastal resources can be allocated
effectively and fairly among competing interests. One area of growing concern
to local and state officials and citizens has been the availability and quality
of access to public trust areas, or more specifically, ocean and riverine shore-
lines and waters. The State of North Carolina, through its coastal management
program, provides financial assistance to local governments to develop plans
and policies for future growth.
Craven County, through its Recreation and Parks Department, applied for
and received a planning grant to develop master plans for two waterfront access
areas in the County--Cowpen Landing and the Brinson School site. These areas
are significantly different in physical characteristics and political and legal
constraints, but both represent excellent opportunities for the County to
expand and improve access to waterfront areas for its residents. The following
text and plans describe the results of the planning process.

2.0 THE PLANNING PROCESS AND ITS PARTICIPANTS
A successful planning process will have as its cornerstone the involvement
from the beginning of as many of the individuals and organizations --public or
private --affected by the final plans. The Craven County Recreation and Parks
Department recognized this necessity and established ad hoc committees for
each of the two sites to review preliminary and final designs. In the case of
Cowpen Landing, the Weyerhaeuser Corporation provided direction and advice to
the ad hoc committee and design consultants.
The following persons provided their time and advice by serving on the
committees:
COWPEN LANDING
George Sawyer, Craven County
James White
James Bryant
Woodrow Brown
Keith Hundley, Weyerhaeuser
BRINSON SCHOOL
George Sawyer, Craven County
Tommy Best
Edgar Barwick
Ruby Conner
Jane Atkinson
Ben Godottee

3.0 THE BRINSON SCHOOL SITE
History .
For 10 years, the Craven County Board of Education and Board of
Commissioners have formally agreed to cooperate in an effort to improve school
sites for recreational purposes. These sites would not only serve school
children, but provide additional recreational facilities for all members of
the community. The Brinson Memorial School was one of the first products of
this agreement. Since 1972, facilities and improvements that have been added
include two lighted tennis courts, an outdoor lighted combination volleyball
and basketball court, a multipurpose lighted ball field complex with fencing
and bleachers, addition of a new school annex, a gymtorium equipped with
permanent basketball backboards and goals, and the initial clearing of woods
adjacent to Neuse River frontage. Recent improvements include lighting of one
of the ballfields. While these improvements, with the existing school build-
ings, provide a definite character and direction for future land use, there
is considerable additional space for new uses that would complement the existing
ones.
Existing Land Use
The dominant land use at the site is the school building and auxiliary
uses, such as play areas and parking. The second most developed areas are two
ball fields with lighting, two tennis courts, and a volleyball/basketball
court. A third developed area, but currently not being utilized, is the
amphitheater located in the northeast corner of the property. The amphitheater
has a stage area and a seating capacity of about 1,000 persons, but apparently
has been little used since its construction. The remainder of the site, along
the western boundary, is undeveloped and is dominated by scrub vegetation and
the Neuse River shoreline.
Problems and Opportunities
The most pressing problem associated with the site is posed by the open
sewer pit located behind the school building. This pit and its outfall
- 3 -

represent a possible health hazard, as well as a serious limitation on future
uses and should receive first priority for future improvement. A second problem,
but one that also presents opportunities, is the erosion occurring along the
shoreline. Steep embankments have been created in some areas, creating unsafe
conditions for public use. However, these areas, if properly controlled with
protective structures, represent an opportunity for overlooks, nature observa-
tion areas, and other controlled, passive type uses. The lack of use of the
• amphitheater is also a problem that could be converted into an opportunity for
expanded use. Some redesign and promotion will be required to renew interest
• in this facility.
Design Objectives
The major objectives in planning for the future use of the Brinson site
are as follows:
(1) Develop a comprehensive plan for the utilization of all areas, so
that expanded and diversified recreational opportunities are pro-
vided for all members of the community;
(2) Develop presently unused areas, primarily as passive type uses
such as nature, fitness and jogging trails and picnicing;
(3) Maximize access to the water. Access shall include not only direct
physical access, but also visual access;
(4) To the extent feasible, provide access for handicapped persons;
(5) Develop plans for improvement of existing facilities, to include
location of new supporting facilities and expansion of existing
ones.
The following plans graphically describe the existing land uses, design
opportunities and objectives.
- 4 -

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4.0 COWPEN LANDING
The Cowpen Landing site is owned by the Weyerhaeuser Corporation but
has been used as an access point for nearly 100 years. Most recently, it has
been used as a boat launching area for fishermen. On most weekends, a mix of
related recreational activities also takes place. A concrete boat ramp was
constructed by the Weyerhaeuser Corporation several years ago along the
southern shore. A short distance downstream is the fresh water intake canal
for the Weyerhaeuser pulping plant.
Problems and Opportunities
Two major problems exist at the Cowpen site. The first is the problem
presented to the Weyerhaeuser Corporation by uncontrolled activities occur-
ring in the area. The lack of any physical definition to the area results in
uncontrolled activity that could possibly result in damage to Weyerhaeuser
property (e.g., by fire). Another problem to the owner is protection of the
fresh water intake canal. The second major problem is of concern to users.
This problem centers on the lack of ordered ingress and egress and the
inadequacy and poor design of existing facilities. The opportunity presented
by these problems is to provide adequate facilities and ordered, defined
recreational activities that will enhance access while protecting the property
of the owner.
Design Objectives
The major design objective for the Cowpen site may be summarized as
follows:
To develop a plan that will provide order and definition to recrea-
tional activities in the area so that the property owner's interests
are protected and waterfront access opportunities for the public are
improved.
The following plans describe one method of attaining this objective.

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MASTER PLAN 1':20'

5.0 IMPLEMENTATION
Brinson School Site '
The cost estimate for full development of the Brinson site is between
$114,350 and $124,350. A detailed breakdown for each item is included in the
Addenda. Without state or federal financial assistance, this represents a
significant sum for local government. Recognizing this, the Brinson Site
Recreational Committee recommended the following immediate priorities for
construction.
PRIORITY ONE
Correction of sewerline problems $3,000 to 5,000
PRIORITY TWO
Picnic shelter with overlook and
exterior picnic unit $18,500
PRIORITY THREE
Fitness and nature trails, with
necessary grading and earthwork $21,000 to 26,000
The Committee felt that these items would provide the most immediate and
widespread use for the greatest number of residents. While the remaining
facilities and uses are essential to full development, it was considered
appropriate to delay establishing priorities for remaining uses until comple-
tion of the first three priorities.
Cowpen Landing
The full cost of improving the Cowpen site is $44,753. Itemized costs
are included in the Addenda. Because of possible legal problems, the
Weyerhaeuser Corporation has required that no public funds be expended on
improving the property; and for similar reasons, as well as budget limitations,
some improvements may be considered inappropriate in the near or intermediate
future. Thus, the final establishment of priorities will rest primarily with
the Weyerhaeuser Corporation. However, based on the design objective of order-
ing and improving access so that the owner's property is protected, the follow-
ing improvements would seem to be of priority.

FIRST PRIORITY
Bollards $5,850
Stone paving 2,418
Berm 890
TOTAL $ 9.,158
SECOND PRIORITY
Wood decking $9,840
Trash pad and enclosure 620
Rip -rap 1,110
TOTAL $11,750
Immediate implementation of these improvements would provide ordered
ingress and egress, parking, better boat launching access, reduced erosion, and
less litter. To implement these, and the remaining recommended improvements,
the Cowpen Landing Committee must continue to work with the Weyerhaeuser Corpora-
tion and County officials to insure continued cooperation of all groups.

BRINSON SCHOOL PARK
Preliminary Cost Estimate
Based on Master Plan
Picnic Shelter & Overlook
Exterior Picnic Unit
(2 Picnic Tables, Grill, 1 Trash Can)
Restroom Building
Restroom/Concession Building
Nature Trails (including deck, signage)
Fitness Trail, Signage
Additional Play Equipment
Renovate Amphitheater and Stage
Add Lighting
Beach Area with Bulkhead
Additional Parking Areas As Shown
85 Spaces
Asphalt
Compacted Stone with Curbstops
Earthwork, Berms, Grading for Trails
Sewage Line Modifications ?
Additional Landscaping (wildflowers, grasses
swamp plants)
Total
0
$ 18,000.00
850.00
5,000.00
7,500.00
12,000.00
3,000.00 - 5,000.00
10,000.00
3,000.00
1,500.00
12,000.00
25,000.00
10,000.00
6,000.00
approx. 3,500.00 - 5,000.00
min. of 3,000.00
114, 350 to 124, 350

Preliminary Cost Estimate
Cowpen Landing
13 April 1982
Wood Decking - 656 s.f. @ $15.00/s.f.
Trash Pad and Enclosure - 100 s.f. pad @ $70.00/c.y. x 7_ 11tCr
Fence 40 1 .f . @ $12.00/l .f . t�E►a
Fish Clean and Pump 250
Rip -rap - 1 c.y./l.f. fill x 185 l.f. - 185 c.y. @ $6.00/c.y. 1,1i0
Picnic Equipment - 7 tables @ $350.00/ea. = $2,450
3 barbeques @ $150.00/ea. = $450 - ?,5'00
Concrete Bollards - $150/ea. x 39 5,850
Lot Stone Paving - $2.25/s.y. x 1,075 ?,A1ii
Berm-- 400 l.f. @ 30 c.f./l.f. - 12,000 r 27 - 445 C.Y. x $2.00/c.y. £i;0
Grass - 20,500 s.f. @ $.25/s.f. 5117-;
Bathroom - 350 s.f. @ $45.00/s.f. (with septic system) 15,750
Total $ 44.753