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HomeMy WebLinkAboutLand Development Plan-1976ClaA 41- 0-Q`. 0 r.:{ rx xu xx x xx uj uu_•viar^v.:o.:nri.Ir.:�u.:n..:.1►.:.Ir^ui.Ir'Y.7o.:.•r.:.Ir'� •••.►:i ►�y�.••9P•vP�• ►•w•••ow.�VN•7Y�•.►•v1►•••uw:•.�i�•:v.'�� Y�Vi�..-w.••—y�••Y►Vtii�•iY 46 4••YP�VY•V►••9►••7.•••/••.vY�9v�•.v v►•••nw: ••/ •Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y} Y Y •.• Y Y Y Y •• Y Y Y •..:_•.:.�r.:.v^•.v_iu_•.1uT•r._.o_:w6T.1/':Ir.:.ui..r^►r^vi.Ir.:.oTo^w^►/^u^uT�.' x;�u L s / 1 •�t•I �t LAND DEVELOPMENT PLAN =31 At �. CRAVEN COUNTY, .,t- ,tl �t NORTH'CAROLINA NAY 1976 ,t DCM COPY DCM COPY Please do not remove!!!!! Division of Coastal Management I)t 'fit: X:: RX ••YY�•O'•YI••'A�•1.'••AX"L446••7. •/.�7..vYvvN•7.•••q�7.•w.••v►••7N•7►•�N••y •. - - 7/0.11••V wvv.'.•u`i •y7.�V►•�y ••7V••1►w.••v►�•.1•••ovyP••{ Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y •.• Y Y M Y 4 Y •1 Y •� Y Y •.1 Y Y Y .•.11.•AI.•.11.•./1.•.1/.•A1.•.//.•.1/.•.Ir.�.1/.•.11.•.11.•.11.•.11.•.11�'••.1/.•.1►...11.�.1►.�.11.�.1/...II.t.11...11...}1...1/...Ir...1►...1}.�.1/...11.�.11...1M.11.. 11 •.1►.e.1/."'.11...1/.•.1 rx r.•{ x:c x� xu xx xx zu s CRAVEN COUNTY LAND DEVELOPMENT PLAN May, 1976 Neuse River Council of Governments Division of Planning and Management 0 "The preparation of this report was finan- cially assisted by a grant from the State of North Carolina, the National Oceanic and At- mospheric Administration, and the Coastal Plains Regional Commission." • 10 Craven County, North Carolina NEW BERN, N. C. 28560 638-1424 BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS: �j 'ROVER C. LANCASTER. JR.. CHAIRMAN May 18, 1976 JAMES R. SUGG. COUNTY ATTORNEY W. J. WYNNE, JR.. VICE CHAIRMAN BEN O. JONES. CLERK TO BOARD R. FRANK HARGETT J. W. WILLIAMSON. FINANCE OFFICER GEORGE B. NELSON PAUL LIVERMAN. TAX SUPERVISOR JOHN B. WILLIS IVY LYNN RAWLS, TAX COLLECTOR Coastal Resources Commission P. 0. Box 27687 Raleigh, N. C. 27611 Sirs: The County of Craven hereby transmits one certified copy of the Craven County Land Development Plan to the Coastal Resources Commission. The plan was formally reviewed at a public hearing held at the County Courthouse on May 12, 1976. The plan was adopted by the Commissioners at a regular meeting held on May 17, 1976. raChairman, Craven County Com mssioners Cier ' �� (\S ,1E A L ) 0 LAND DEVELOPMENT PLAN Prepared Under Coastal Area Management Act of 1974 For Craven County, North Carolina A. D. Harris Charles Potter Bob Chiles Lonnie Pridgen May, 1976' by Board of Commissioners Grover C. Lancaster, Jr., Chairman John B. Willis R. Frank Hargett George Nelson W. J. Wynne, Jr. Planning Board Charles Potter, Chairman Mrs. Ruby Dillahunt Sidney French Mrs. Virginia Freeman James A. Lewis Clarence E. Neal Rodney Russell William Brooks CAMA Advisory Board Lew Dunn Ed Simpson Otto Hecht C. B. Beasley George Carraway Technical Assistance By Neuse River Council of Governments Division of Planning and Management P. G. Whitley Jim Morris Harold Sides Richard Mills Robert W. Quinn, Director W. R. Banks, Jr., Community Development Planner* Mrs. Yvonne Green, Secretary N. C. Department of Natural and Economic Resources Division of Community Assistance Howard R. Hurlocker, Community Development Planner* Craven County Planning Department Tyler Harris, Craven County Planner** • Project Planner* Assisted in Project** • PART I CRAVEN COUNTY • PART I - CRAVEN COUNTY • Table of Contents Page I. INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 II. PRESENT CONDITIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 A. Population and Economy . . . . 9, . . . . . 5 Profile . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Population .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . 15 Employment Characteristics . . . . . . 19 Occupation Characteristics . . . . . . . 23 Income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Agriculture . . . . . . . . . . 28 Retail Trade . . . . . . . . . . 31 B. Existing Land Use . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Introduction . . . . . . . . 35 Township One . . . . . . . . 36 Township Two . . . . . . . . 39 Township Three . . . . . . . . 43 Township Five . . . . . . . . . . 46 Township Six . . . . . . 49 Township Seven . . . . .53 Township Eight . . . . 57 Township Nine . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 C. Current Plans, Policies, and' Regulations . 66. Plans and Policies . . . . . . 67 Local Regulations . . . . . . . . . 69 Federal and State Regulations. . . . . . 71 III. PUBLIC PARTICIPATION ACTIVITIES. . . . . . . . 72 Goals and Objectives . . . . . . . . .. . . 76 IV. CONSTRAINTS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 A. Land Potential . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 Physical Limitations . . . . . . . . . . 84 Fragile Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 Areas with Resource Potential. . . . . . 114 B. Capacity of Community Facilities . . . . . 121 Water and Sewer . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 Community Facilities Plan. . . . . . . . 126 Public Health and Welfare. ... . . . . 131 Public Safety. . . . . . . . . . . 140 • Cultural Educational and Recreation. . 155 Utilities and Public Services. . . . . 180 i Page I. ESTIMATED DEMAND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185 • A. Future Population and Economy. . . . . • . 186 Population Projections ..• . . . . . . . 187 Ten Year Population Projections. . . . . 189 Income Projections . . . . . . . . . . . .195 B. Future Land Needs; . . . . . . . . . . . . 197 C. Community Facilities Demand. . . . . . . . 199 Cost of Facilities . . . . . . . . . . . 202 Financial Ability . . . . . . . . . . • 204 VI. FUTURE LAND USE . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . 206 A. Land Classification System . . . . . . . . 207 B. Projected Population Growth . . . . . . . 91.6 Allocation to Land Classes Transition . . . . . . . 217 Community • . . . . . . 219 Rural. . 220 Conservation ... , . . . . . . 220 C. Population pgj�sities . . . . . . .: 221 Transition . . . . . . . . . 222 Community . . ". . . . . . . . . . . . . 223 D. Land Classification Map. . . . . . . . . . 224 VII. AREAS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERN . . . . . . . . 225 Coastal Wetlands . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226 Estuarine Waters . . . . 230 Renewable Resources Areas - Watersheds or Aquifers . . . . . . . . . . 232 Fragile, Historic or Natural Resource Areas 233 Areas Subject to Public Rights . . . . . . 239 Natural Hazard Areas . . . . . . 241 Development Standares ,Applicable to All AEC's 244 VIII. SUMMARY 246 A. Data Collection, Analysis, and Conclusions 247 B. Application of Data . . . . . . . . . . . 250 IX. CITY - COUNTY RELATIONSHIP . . . . . . . . . . 252 • ii List of Tables • Table Page 1 Craven County Population 1930-1970 10 2 Craven County Past Population Trends 11 3 1970 White - Non -White Population 11 4 Craven County 1970 Population by Age, Race, Sex 12 5 Net Migration - Craven County 13 6 Population, 1970 and 1973 Estimate 14 7 Population, 1970 and 1974 Estimate 14 8 Education - Enrollment 16 9 Public High School Graduates 16 10 Education Characteristics of--tWles and _ Females 25 Years and Over - Region "P" 17 11 Education Characteristics of Black Males and Females 25 Years and Over - Region "P" 18 12 Employment - Labor Force 20 13 Average Weekly Earnings Per Worker 21 14 Rate of Unemployment 21 15 Civilian Work Force 22 16 Employment Characteristics of Males and Females 16 Years and Over - 1970 22 17 Occupation Class of Persons Sixteen Years and Over - 1970 24 18 Per Capita Incomes - Region "P" 25 19 Per Capita Incomes 25 20 Per Capita Money Income 26 21 Income and Poverty Status in 1969 27 22 Retail Sales 32 23 Retail Trends 32 24 Gross Retail Sales and Sales and Use Tax Gross Collections 33 25 Inventory of Streams 104 26 Population Projections - DNER 191 27 Population Projections - DOA 192 28 Cash and Investments - Dec. 31, 1975 - Craven County 204 29 Analysis of Outstanding Debt - Craven Co. 204 30 County Revenues and Expenditures, Beaufort, Craven, Pamlico Counties, FY 1971-72 205 :7 iii • List of Maps Page Township Map . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 Existing Land Use. . . . . . . . 65- Soils . 93 Croatan National Forest 120 Land Classification .. . . . . . . . 224- 0 iv • 1. INTRODUCTION -1- The Coastal Area Management Act of 1974 was one of the most • extensive and contrcversial pieces of legislation ever passed by the North Carolina General Assembly. The Act establishes -a co- operative program of coastal area management between local and state governments. The Act requires the development and adoption of a land use plan for each county in the coastal area, and fur- ther requires that each county plan conform to State Guidelines, which in turn shall be consistent with the goals of the coastal area management system, as set forth in the first part of the Act. The legislative goals of the management system in G.S. 113A- 102(b) are briefly stated: 1. To provide a management system capable of preserving and managing the natural ecological conditions of the es- tuarine system, the barrier dune system, and,the beaches, so as to safeguard and perpetuate their natural produc- tivity and their biological, economic and aesthetic values. 2. To insure that the development or preservation of the land and water resources of the coastal area proceeds in a manner consistent with the capacity of the land and water for development, uses, or preservation based on ecological considerations. 3. To insure the orderly and balanced use and preservation of our coastal resources on behalf of the people of North r Carolina and the nation. • 4. To establish policies, guidelines and standards for the conservation of resources; the economic development of -2- the coastal area; the use of recreational lands and • tourist facilities; the wise development of trans- • portation and circulation patterns; the preservation and enhancement of historical, cultural and scienti- fic aspects of the region; and the protection of com- mon law and public rights in the lands and waters of the coastal area. The following land use plan was prepared by Craven County in accord with the Coastal Area Management Act and the Coastal Resources Commission's Guidelines for Local Planning. The history and development of the plan cover nearly two years and are a result of the efforts of many people who believed in Craven County and;.the necessity for complying with the law. If you as an individual have not had.the time or opportunity for whatever reason to participate in the process -thus far, please consider what has been done and any improvements that can be made. Planning is a continuing process and your recommendations can strengthen or change any goal or objective regardless of how firmly imprinted in this text. -3- • • II. PRESENT CONDITIONS Qfl • A. POPULATION AND ECONOMY -5- PROFILE • Craven County was first called Archdale, and was one of the original precincts of the Lords Proprietors. The name was changed in 1912 to honor William, Lord of Craven. ln`1707 the first permanent settlement was made on the Trent and Neuse Rivers. New Bern was founded by Swiss and German set- tlers in 1710. During the same year (1710), a colony of Welch Quakers settled below New Bern on Clubfoot and Hancock Creeks. Later Scotch and English settlers came to Craven from other sec- tions of North Carolina and Virginia. The present population consists of descendants of the original settlers, and many later immigrants who came to the county. Boundary changes have occurred eight times since the origin- al description with Craven County reaching its present size and shape in 1885. Craven County is bounded on the north by Beaufort and Pamlico Counties, on the east by the Neuse River, Carteret and Pamlico Counties, on the south by Carteret and Jones Counties, and on the west by Lenoir and Pitt Counties. Craven County consists of 725 square miles of which 63.8 square miles are covered by water. This ranks Craven County geographically as the fifteenth largest county in North Carolina: The County has eight areas of population concentration with only three, New Bern, Havelock, and unincorporated James City being areas with populations above 1,000 people. The County is served by two major highways, US 17 and US 70 as well as Simmons-Nott • Airport in New Bern. Craven County is transversed by the Neuse and the Trent Rivers which provide both a means of bulk transport- ation and recreational activities. POPULATION • The 1970 census gave the population of Craven County as 62,554. The County has a population density of 94.6 persons per square land mile. There are eight major areas of population in the County, seven of which are incorporated. The large urban area around New Bern and Havelock including the Cherry Point Marine Air Station are the urban centers in the County. The 1970 census figures show the population of New Bern as 14,660 and of Havelock as 5,283. These two cities represent 23% and 8% of the total county population respectively. The populations of the five other incorporated towns and the eight townships are shown in Table 1. The population of Craven County increased from 30,665 in 1930 to 62,554 in 1970, an increase of 51%. The rate of. in- crease has been declining since 1950. Based on past trends, Craven County should gain population over the next ten years though the rate of growth should be relatively small as indicated by the declining percentage of increase since 1950.. (See Table 2). Most of the County population increase during 1930-1970 was represented by urban, suburban and rural non -farm residen- tial development in Townships 2, 6, 7, and 8. The population of rural Townships 1, 3, and 9-remained fairly constant during the same period. The Cherry Point Marine Air Station was responsible for a large part of the population increase between 1930 and 1970; during 1930-1970, the population of No. 6 Township, which includes Cherry Point and Havelock, increased from 861 to • 20,798 or 62.5% of the total County increase for that 40-year period. -7- The male population in the County consists of 32,533 or 52% of the total population and the female population 30,021 • or 48% of the total. The 62,554 people in Craven County can further be broken down into white and black populations with 46,238 or(7)and 16,316 or C26�)in each group respectively. The County population can also be divided by age, race, and sex as shown by Table 4. The median age of 23.5 for all per- sons ranges from 19.8 years for black males to 24.8 years for white females. Nearly 36% of the County population was under 18 years old in 1970, while only 7.5% were 62 years old and older. The young population is created by the out -migration pat- tern the County is experiencing. Table 5 shows the population loss through migration between the census years of 1960 and 1970. Both white and black segments of the population left in sub- stantial rates during the period. The total 1970 population was 11.9% less than expected through natural increase. The white population lost 9.9% of the expected population while the black population was a large 17.2% less than the rate of natural increase. The loss of persons through out -migration appears to be a direct result of the lack of sufficient employment opportuni- ties which are more readily available in the larger cities in the North Carolina Piedmont and industrial areas of other states. Seasonal population growth in Craven County has very slight impact on the overall County population. There are currently -8- no major resort areas or attractions which could create the • major seasonal population changes. The tourist attraction of • the New Bern historical section and Tryon Palace do not signi- ficantly inbrease the County population during any single sea- son of the year. Additional census information shown in Tables 6 and 7 give estimated growth between 1970 and '1974. Both Craven County and the towns grew at a rate higher than North Carolina for the period. The 1973 and 1974 estimates are shown only for informational purposes because of a lack of insufficient base data and breakdown. -9- TABLE 1 • CRAVEN COUNTY POPULATION 1930-1970 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 Township 1* 5,199 5,486 51494 5,310 4,946 Vanceboro - 742 826 753 806 758 Township 2 1,858 1,874 2,471 3,003 3,257 Bridgeton 721 616 805 638 520 Township 3 3,66.9 3,957 4,398 4,315 3,837 Cove City 194 371 465 551 �435 Dover 621 623 638 651 585 Township 5 1,365 11428 11333 1,823 2,047 Township 6 861 723 11,695 18,053 20,798 Havelock -- -- -- 2,433 3,012 Township 7 2,002 1,662 2,632 3,887 4,757 Township 8 14,030 14,337 18,952 20,686 21,125 New Bern 11,981 11,815 15,812 15,717 14,660 Trent Woods -- -- -- 806 719 Township 9 1,681 1,831 1,848 1,696 1,787 Craven County 30,665 31,298 48,823 58,773 62,554 *Town totals are included in township figure. Source: U.S. Census, Craven County Sketch Development Plan • -10- • TABLE 2 CRAVEN COUNTY PAST POPULATION TRENDS YEAR POPULATION PERCENT INCREASE 1930 30,665 -- 1940 31,298 2.0 1950 48,823 36.0 1960 58,773 17.0 1970 62,554 6.0 51.0 Total TABLE 3 1970 WHITE - NON -WHITE POPULATION White Percent Non -White Percent Township 1 3,348 67.7 1,598 32.2 Vanceboro 718 94.7 40 5.3 Township 2 2,916 90.9 296 9.1 Bridgeton 509 97.9 11 2.1 Township 3 2,135 55.6 1,702 44.4 Cove City 311 64,1 174 35.9 Dover 346 59.1 239 40.9 Township 5 328 16 1,719 84 Township 6 191'196 92.3 1,602 7.7 Township 7 31608 75.8 1,149 24.2 Township 8 13,740 65 7,385 35 Township 9 922 51.6 865 48.4 Craven County 46,238 73.9 16,316 26.1 Source: 1970 U.S. Census -11- 0 TABLE 4 CRAVEN COUNTY 1970 POPULATION BY AGE, RACE AND SEX Under 5 yrs. Total 5,969 All Races Male 3,046 Female 2,923 WHITE Male 'Female BLACK Male Female 837 778 2,195 2,124 10-14 6,191 3,166 3,025 2,188 2,068 964 945 15-19 6,701 3,680 3,021 2,629 2,052 1,007 960 20-24 9,270 6,050 3,220 5,305 2,559 695 640 25-29 4,197 2,140 21057 1,768 1,578 359 446 30-34 3,611 1,734 1,877 1,451 1,459 277 373 35-39 3,442 1,704 1,738 1,369 1,280 322 410 40-44 3,235 1,622 1,613. 1,256 1,148 363 451 45-49 2,951 1,422 1,529 1,075 1,120 346 399 50-54 2,643 1,281 1,362 925 983 353 379 55-59 2,319 1,041 1,278' 713 865 326 413 60-64 1,869 847 1,022 596 719 251 302 65-69 1,389 604 785 395 492 209 290 70-74 985 417 568 266 410 148 157 75-79 687 253 434 180 302 73 131 80-84 382 141 241 95 175 45 66 85 and over 239 69 170 46 121 22 49 Under 18 22,344 11,389 10,955 7,834 7,457 3,506 3,447 62 and over 4,697 1,918 2,779 1,292 1,897 621 877 65 and over 3,682 1,484 2,198 982 1,500 497 693 Median Age 23.5 22.5 24.5 22.9 24.8 19.8 22.9 Source: 1970 U.S. Census • C7 TABLE 5 NET MIGRATION*- CRAVEN COUNTY Total Population Actual 1960 Population Natural Increase (1960-1970)1 Expected 1970 Population2 Actual 1970 Population Population Change Due to Migration White Population Actual 1960 Population Natural Increase (1960-1970) Expected 1970 Population Actual 1970 Population Population Change Due to Migration Non -White Population Actual 1960 Population Natural Increase (1960-1970) Expected 1970 Population Actual 1970 Population Population Change Due to Migration 1Number of Births in Excess of Deaths 21960 Population Plus Natural Increase 58,773 12,237 71,010 62,554 -8,456 41,764 9,533 51,297 46,238 -5,059 17,009 2,704 19,713 16,316 -3, 397 -13- TABLE 6 POPULATION, 1970 AND 1973 ESTIMATE Area July 1, 1973 April 1, 1970 Percent (Estimate) (Census) Change Craven County 67,288 62,554 7.6% Bridgeton 552 520 6.2% Cove City 516 485 6.4% Dover 623 585 6.5% Vanceboro 807 758 6.5% North Carolina 5,302,435 5,084,411 4.3% Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, Current Population Report Series P-25, No. 578. TABLE 7 POPULATION, 1970 AND 1974 ESTIMATE Area 1974 Average Permanent 1970 Census Percent Resident Population Change Craven County 65,000 6?,554 3.9% Bridgeton 560 520 7.7% Cove City 520 485 7.2% Dover 630 585 7.7% Vanceboro 820 758 8.2% North Carolina 5,362,000 5,082,059 5.5% Source: N.C. Department of Administration, Office of State Planning, No.2 Population note, October 1975. -14- EDUCATION . Craven County has historically been a state leader in public education. This discussion centers on public education and edu- cation levels as major factors in the needs and requirements of county citizens. Public school enrollment reached a peak in Craven County during the 1967-68 school year. The slight decrease since has followed recent state and national patterns. The slow popula- tion growth in Craven, despite the rate of natural increase, is created by out -migration.. This factor along with national trends in family size has established Craven County in a situation familiar to many communities across the country where school en- rollment is dropping. Even as school enrollment dropped, the number of high school graduates produced by Craven County schools has increased. Craven Community College and public higher edu- cation have also increased while private under -graduate enroll- ment has decreased. (See Tables 8 & 9). The median education level for males.and females 25 years and over in Craven County compares very favorably with the state and region. The percent of high school graduates shown in Table 10 is also high for Craven. The percent of Black high. school graduates and median school years completed is not as high for Blacks as for the overall population. (See Table 11). Craven County as stated has one of the finer school systems in North Carolina. A full discussion of the system facilities • including the community college is covered within the Community Facilities chapter of this plan. -15- TABLE 8 EDUCATION - ENROLLMENT School Years Public Schools Community Colleges High Education (Fall) Undergraduate (Fall) Public Private 1963-64 14,599 N/A N/A N/A 1965-66 7,272 N/A N/A N/A 1967-68 15,654 789 559 181 1969-70 15,577 1,607 565 186 1971-72 14,983 2,948 619 174 1973-74 14,099 2,939 683 155 Source: Profile North.Carolina Counties, Fourth Edition, March 1975. E TABLE 9 PUBLIC HIGH SCHOOL GRADUATES 1960 1965 1967 1969 1971 1972 Number. % of Males 435 677 724 745 711 908 50 Source: N. C. State Government Statistical Abstract, 1973. -16- • 0 TABLE 10 EDUCATION CHARACTERISTICS OF MALES AND FEMALES 25 YEARS AND OVER - REGION "P" Males 25+ Years Old Females 25+ Years Old Median Percent Median Percent School Years High School School Years High School County Completed Graduates Completed Graduates Carteret 10.6 38.6 11.1 41.8 Craven 11.7 47.9 11.6 46.9 Duplin 9.3 29.6 10.6 37.1 Greene 8.4 24.7 10.1 29.9 Jones 9.2 28.0 10.3 34.0 Lenoir 9.8 34.4 10.4 36.6 Onslow 12.1 52.2 12.1 53.1 Pamlico 9.3 24.2 10.3 30.1 Wayne 10.4 39.4 11.0 41.3 (North Carolina 10.3 37.3 10.8 39.5 Source: N. C. State Government Statistical Abstract, 1973. -17- • County Carteret CRAVEN Duplin Greene Jones Lenoir Ons low Pamlico TABLE 11 EDUCATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF , BLACK MALES AND FEMALE 25 YEARS AND OVER - REGION "P" Males 25+ Years Old Females 25+ Years Old Median Percent Median Percent School Years High School School Years High School Completed Graduates Completed Graduates 8.0 21.1 9.8 27.5 7.7 20.5 8.6 23.7 7.3 16.8 9.3 23.5 6.2 6.9 8.4 15.1 8.7 25.7 10.1 26.9 7.4 16.2 9.0 18.9 10.0 34.4 10.2 31.0 7.9 13.8 9.4 18.2 Wayne 7.7 20.7 9.1 25.3 North Carolina 7.9 - 9.0 Source: 1970 U. S. Census C7 EMPLOYMENT CHARACTERISTICS • Employment in Craven County as shown in Table 12 is centered in public administration or government and non -manufacturing em- ployment. Manufacturing employment represented only 16.5 percent of total employment in 1973. Most employers employed one to se- ven persons. No single private agency or employer within Craven County listed as many as 500, only five as many as 250. Craven County offers a diversity of employment opportunities though a large percentage are the small business, low skill, low wage type. Lack of major sources of employment helped create an out -migration of 8,456 persons between the census years of 1960 and 1970. Wages paid in Craven County are comparable to surrounding eastern North Carolina counties. During the 10 year period from 1963 to 1973 weekly earnings per worker increased from $63.34 to $119.23. Craven County has remained behind the North Carolina average in wages paid. The gap between Craven County and the state average has increased to $15.26. Desirable high paying industry would be required to narrow the difference and bring Craven County up to or above the state average. (See Table 13). Unemployment in Craven County prior to the current high re- cession level, has remained near or slightly below the state's unemployment rate. Craven also has less unemployment than the immediately surrounding counties. While fairing better than most of the surrounding counties, Craven County needs more jobs to off -set the out -migration pattern which presently exists. (See 41 Table 14) -19- EMPLOYMENT - LABOR FORCE Total Non- Public Employment Manufacturing Manufacturing Administration Agricultural 1963 17,900 2,080 5,100 5,230 3,280 1964 18,290 2,210 5,400 5,270 2,990 1965 19,390 2,370 6,470 5,430 2,550 1966 20,140 2,480 6,920 5,760 2,440 1967 19,880 2,520 5,940 6,760 2,260 1968 20,680 2,440 6,210 7,550 2,040 1969 21,500 2,780 6,690 7,560 1,970 1970 18,800 2,800 7,300 7,160 1,900 1971 18,570 2,780 7,470 6,680 1,870 1972 19,950 3,440 7,420 7,640 1,810 1973 20,480 3,380 8,200 7,360 N/A Source: Profile N. C. Counties, March, 1975 Rate of Other Unemployment 2,210 5.1% 2,420 4.6 2,570 4.5 2,540 3.5 2,400 4.1 2,440 3.7 2,500 4.1 2,460 5.0 2,420 5.5 2,580 3.9 N/A 2.6 TABLE 13 • AVERAGE WEEKLY EARNINGS PER WORKER Year 1963 Craven $63.34 Carteret Pamlico $35.10 Pitt $67.01 Jones $52.98 Beaufort Lenoir $82.94 N. C. $76.36 $55.69 $55.98 1967 80.35 64.28 47.91 79.17 67.34 81.04 97.67 92.77 1971 108.19 89.80 58.46 104.56 80.86 105.88 117.74 120.36 1973 119.23 97.55 79.20 119.16 88.25 114.27 128.87 134.49 Source: Profile N. C. Counties, March 1975, N.C. Department of Administration, Office of State Budget and Management, Research & Development Section. TABLE 14'. RATE OF UNEMPLOYMENT Year Beaufort Carteret Craven Jones Lenoir Pamlico Pitt N. C. 1963 6.0 10.5 5.1 6.2 6.8 8.0 6.4 5.2 1967 4.3 6.6 4.1 3.5 4.8 7.3 5.1 3.4 1971 3.8 5.3 5.5 6.1 4.5 5.2 5.1 4.8 1973 3.2 4.3 2.6J 5.9 4.2 6.8 4.1 3.5 Source: Profile North Carolina Counties 11 . em • TABLE 15 CIVILIAN WORK FORCE 1962 1965 1970 1971 17,590 20,300 22,720 22,350 Source: North Carolina State Government Statistical Abstract, Secon Edition, 1973. TABLE 16 EMPLOYMENT CHARACTERISTICS OF MALES AND FEMALES 16 YEARS AND OVER - 1970 Males 16+ Years Old Females 16+ Years Old Percent of Percent of Civilian Civilian Percent In Labor Force Percent In Labor Force Labor Force Unemployed Labor Force Unemployed 83.1% 3.5% 39.4% 7% Females 16+ Years Old With Own With Own Children Under Children 6 Yrs. % In 6-17 Yrs. Old Labor Force % In Labor Force 30.3% 50.7% Source: North Carolina State Government Statistical Abstract, Second Edition, 1973. -22- 0 OCCUPATION CHARACTERISTICS 0 • Occupational classes of Craven citizens over 16 years old are shown in Table 17. Craven County appears to have a reason- able distribution between the occupations listed in the table. Any increase in employment should follow similar diversity as presently exists. An overabundance or reliance on one class or profession leaves the possibility of undue influence or hardship from economic uncertainty. Current experience in many areas underlines the need for commercial and industrial development which draws from many occupations and professions. Development of a diverse economic base requires skillful planning and research. The hazard on becoming a one industry community should not be overlooked when making decisions which , may appear tax attractive for the present. A successful history has not placed undue stress on any occu- pation or profession in Craven County. Efforts should be made to prevent this possibility from ever becoming reality. INCOME The income characteristics of Craven County residents are examined to determine both earnings and the financial requirements placed on local government. Trends are established-Asing figures and information for the most recent years available. Deficiences and problem areas with improvement methods or requirements are also noted. Per capita income in Craven County compares favorably with other counties in planning Region "P", however, the 1970 per -23- • TABLE 17 OCCUPATION CLASSES OF PERSONS SIXTEEN YEARS AND OVER r 1970 Occupational Class Professional, Technic4l and Kindred . , . . . . . Clerical and Kindred Workers . . . . ? . . . , . Transport Equipment Operatives . . . . . . . . . Managers and Administrator (Except Fa3qm). . Craftsmen, Foremen & Kindred Workers• . . . . Labors Except Farm Service Workers Including Private Household + Sales Worker . . . Operatives Except Transport , Farmers, Farm Managers, Farm Labors & Foremen Total of All Classes. . Number Employed 2,180 2,944 787 1,209 2,845 1,023 2,148 1,280 2,106 873 17,395 Source: U. S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census capita income for Craven County is only 93% of the North Carolina per capita income. First glance may dismiss this as only a slight deficit, but closer examination of four year intervals shows Craven County higher than North Carolina in 1958 and lower since. Craven County also appears to have stablized its income rank with North Carolina's other 99 counties. (See Tables 18 & 19). Estimated per capita money income shown in Table 19 actually in- creased more in Craven Bounty than in the state as a whole. -24- 0 TABLE 18 PER CAPITA INCOMES - REGION "P" County 1962 1966 1970 Carteret 1,106 1,421 1,604 2,684 Craven 1,431 1,541 1,962 2,988 Duplin 1,095 1,193 1,862 2,705 Greene 1,116 1,288 1,509 2,426 Jones 910 902 1,418 2,219 Lenoir 1,487 1,495 2,030 2,818 Onslow 1,617 1,787 2,469 2,660 Pamlico 717 1,060 1,424 2,217 Wayne 1,339 1,472 1,787 3,066 North Carolina 1,420 1,732 2,277 3,208 Source: Profile North Carolina Counties; Fourth Edition, March, 1975. TABLE 19 PER CAPITA INCOMES 1958 1962 1966 1970 Craven County Per Capita Income $1,431 $1,541 $1,962 $2,988 Rank of Craver_ in 100 Counties 19 35' 41 32 N. C. Per Capita Income $1,420 $1,732 $2,277 $3,208 Source: Profile North Carolina Counties, Fourth Edition, March • TABLE 20 Area Craven County Bridgeton Cove City Dover Havelock New Bern Trent Woods Vanceboro North Carolina PER CAPITA MONEY INCOME 1972 (Estimate) 1969 (Census) Percent Change $2,990 $2,253 32.7% 3,060 2,212 37.3% 3,032 1,687 79.7% 2,700 1,967 37.3% 3,084 2,310 33.5% 3,012 2;380 26.6% 7,597 5,536 37.2% 3,439 2,506 37.2% 3,196 2,474 29.2% Source: U. S. Department of Commerce, Current Population Report Series P-25, No. 578. -26- N v TABLE 21 INCOME AND POVERTY STATUS IN 1969 Mean Family Income Of Families Per Capita Families With Income Below Poverty Level o Receiving With Female Head Of All Families with Female Head Income of All Persons Percent of All Families Public Assistance Percent with Percent Children Under 18 Craven Co. $8,393 $4,480 $2,322 18.7% 17.80 31.2% 82.6% N. Carolina $8,872 $5,017 $2,492 16.3% 15.8% 29.9% 78.1% Persons with Income Below Poverty Level Percent of % Age 65 All Persons and Over Craven Co. 22.0% 13.0% N. Carolina 20.3% 15.7% Source: North Carolina State Government Statistical Abstract, Second Edition, 1973. • • Mean family income in addition to per capita income is lower in Craven County than North Carolina as a state. Families and persons with incomes below the poverty level are also in higher percentage in the County than the state. (See Table 21). While Craven County is one of the leaders in eastern North Carolina when income figures are compared, the region as a whole remains behind the state with state figures lower than the U.S. average. Efforts to correct the above deficiencies should be made to keep larger more difficult problems requiring expensive solutions from reaching Craven County. Any major improvement depends upon higher paying industrial development. An aggressive search for the type of employment needs to keep pace with North Carolina and the nation represent the only alternative to pro- ducing a tax base capable of meeting the ever increasing financial requirements of local government and the income requirements of the individual population. Craven County has recently taken a noteworthy step with the employment of a full time professional industrial developer. AGRICULTURE Agriculture is very important to Craven County economically. The rural farm population is actively engaged in producing a $21,171,568 income from the sale of agricultural products, in- cluding government payments. 2,040 people. This unit of the economy employs Division of land,for public, farm and private use is as follows: Public Lands (Acres): -28- Total: Including Munipipalities: . . . .464,000 Forested Area.:. . . . ... . . . . . . .351,300 Parks - 3 Recreational A;eas National Forest (Croatan). . . . . . . . 53,100 Game Refuges Croatan , 13,100 Other: U.S. Marine Air Base, Cherry Pgint,N,C.. 6,300 Total. , , , . . . 72,400 Farm Lands (Acres): In Harvested Crops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50,389 Improved Pasture 1 4 ,158 Unimproved Open Pasture , f 2,563 Idle Crop Land. . . . . 0 0 0 12,693 All Other Lands (woods ¢ waste lands) . . . . . . . . 4,328 Timber and Woodlands. t . . . .110,101 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .184 , 232 Private Tracts (Mayor only': Resorts None Game Refuges. . . . . . 4,000 A. Mineral Rights . . . . 1,700 A. Forest Lands . . . . . 89,372 A. The climatic characteristics of the county and apeas are suited to the growing of many crops. The length of the growing season is 235 days, which is ample for many crops. The annual rainfall is high, 56 inches, and the mild climate, with temperature ranges of a daily high of 74.3 to the average low of 53.3, make this area • well suited for livestock and crops. Large livestock enterprises can be started with a minimum of housing. The average size farm -29- is around 100 acres now and has increased slightly over the past five years. Markets are available for most agricultural products • and the nearness of major markets makes this area suited for further agricultural expansion. Tobacco, grain and livestock remain the major income producers, but within the past few years, an emerging commercial horticultural trend has continued to develop. Agricultural development offers many opportunities. The current income of $21,171,568 will -continue to increase with live- stock enterprises continuing to add an increasing share. Field crops, including tobacco account for $13,654,606 of the total in- come and livestock including poultry account for $4,265,899. The remainder comes from forestry, vegetables and berries and govern- ment payments. There is an opportunity for the livestock to eventually equal the tobacco income of $10,420,581. This won't happen during this five year period, but many investors have already discovered this area. The mild climate allows the develop- ment of beef, swine and poultry operations, with only minimum housing costs. Production per acre for grain crops and tobacco are high with tobacco averaging 2,055 pounds per acre and corn averaging 65 bushels on a countywide basis. Most larger producers produce 90 to 100 bushels average in corn. Corn is the basis for a feed operation to support livestock and more corn will be planted for this purpose in the next five year period. Soybeans have grown steadily as a cash income crop, but have about reached their peak in acreage. The potential for horticultural crops is almost unli�ited. • Many different crops have been tried over the past five years with . cucumbers, peppers and cabbage becoming a part of farming opera- tions. During the next five years, many more crops will be tried; -30- as market techniques and quality control are developed some other • crops will become standard production items in this area. RETAIL TRADE The monetary return from retail trade sales in Craven County has shown steady increases over the years. The County's rate of increase, however, fell behind North Carolina from 1969-70 to 1973-74. While the County loss in percept increase was only slightly greater then the state, attention and action is needed to reverse the trend before a larger gap developes. (See Table 22) When considering increases or decreases in sales, etc. the tendency of the dollar to decrease in value (inflation) during recent years, must also be considered. Although the number of dollars from retail sales has increased at a growing rate over the years, Craven County has experienced only a minor increase in the number of retail establishments. The number of employees in retail establishments has grown considerably. The growth is found in larger commercial centers rather than smaller one or two man genera! retail establishments. The growth trend toward larger retail establishments can be attributed to New Bern and central Craven County's growth as a regional commercial and trade center for the surrounding area particularly Pamlico and Jones Counties. (See Table 23) This growth along with increases in wholesale and industrial employment has significantly decrease the out -migration problem of Craven County when compared to smaller surrounding counties. . A complete reversal of this trend would require even more exten- sive growth especially in industrial employment. -31- While current commercial growth has centralized into larger .� establishments and shopping centers a direct result has been much greater stress on public facilities, land use controls and effec- tive planning. • TABLE 22 liLTAlL 5ALBb 1963-64 1969-70 1973-74 Craven County 1,657,250 2,850,855 4,071,850 Percent Increase -- 72% 43% North Carolina 161,049,132 273,161,758 420,987,113 Percent Increase -- 70% 54% Source: U. S. Census, County Business Patterns TABLE 23 RETAIL TRENDS 1966 1969 1972 1973 Number of Retail Establishments 321 325 328 342 Employees in Retail Establish- ments 2,294 2,434 2,086 3,535 Source: U. S. Census, County Business Patterns -32- • C TABLE 24 GROSS RETAIL SALES AND SALES AND USE TAX GROSS COLLECTIONS Total Fiscal 1963-64 1964-65 1965-66 1966-67 1967-68 1968-69 1969-70 1970-71 1971-72 1972-73 1973-74 By Business Groups 1% Retail Sales 1 1/2% Auto and Planes Apparel Automotive Food Furniture General Merchandise Building Materials Unclassified Group Use Tax - 1% & 3 % Licenses - Wholesale & Reg. Sales & Use Tax Retail Sales $1,657,250 $ 76,350,208 1,794,229 83,143,173 1,902,453 90,649,887 2,029,824 95,264,201 2,207,485 102,626,192 2,554,408 113,805,840 2,850,855 124,433,456 2,923,568 133,785,446 3,186,358 146,687,413 3,622,405 171,080,147 4,071,850 194,954,676 By Business Groups (Continued) 1% Retail Sales 1 1/2% Auto and Planes Apparel Automotive Food Furniture General Merchandise Building Materials Unclassified Group Use Tax - 1% & 3% Licenses - Wholesale & Reg. Sales & Use Tax 1968-69 1973-74 $ 15,305.62 $ 33,961.56 179;155.40 414,655.50 95:820.49 151,363.02 229,969.42 328,605.31 690,396.09 1,179,351.90 172,955.55 284,750.66 '516,950.04 749,973.59 245,939.60 407,641.80 201,292.09 309,589.84 204,821.76 209,577.32 1,802.00 2,380.00 Retail Sales 1968-69 1973-74 $ 1,564,849 $ 3,469,198 12,289,369 21,361,475 3,328,261 5;254,944 20,990,857 36,390,356 24,569,901 41,780,411 6,451,115 10,495,622 25,209,292 41,131,024 10,116,846 18,143,993 9,285,350 16,900,653 -33- • • B. EXISTING LAND USE -34- EXISTING LAND USE - INTRODUCTION • The extent and pattern of land use and land use problems were determined by a survey conducted between October 1974 and February 1975. The land uses were divided into twelve general- ized categories: CATEGORY COLOR CODE URBAN AND BUILT-UP Residential Commercial Industrial Transportation, Communication, and Utilities Government and Institutional Cultural, Entertainment, and Recreation Undeveloped Land AGRICULTURE FORESTLAND WATER WETLAND BARREN (including beaches, surface extraction and cleared transitional land) Yellow Red Violet Grey Dark Blue Green White Brown Hatched Green Hatched Light Blue Light Blue Hatched Brown A detailed land use map was produced on each of the twenty- four I 24,000' scale quadrangle maps covering Craven County. The incor_-poated areas and townships 5, 6, 7, and 8 were also done on tax maps. Tax maps were not available for the other four townships. These maps do not accompany this report due to size and printing cost. The original maps are available for viewing in the county planning office. The existing land use map shown in this document on page 59 was produced from the • original maps to provide a workable scale county map. The following is a discussion by township of the categories =3� of land use listed above and land use related problems. In- corporated areas in each township are discussed within the • municipal sections of the plan. All statements and figures refer to non -incorporated area of a.township unless specifi- cally stated otherwise. TOWNSHIP NUMBER ONE Township One which is located in the northwestern portion of Craven County contains 4,946 persons or 8% of the County's 1970 population. The Town of Vanceboro located in the center of the Township has a population of 758 or 15% of Township One. The Town of Vanceboro is the only developed area and is discussed further as a separate municipality. The residential pattern is similar to the patterns that exist in most rural agricultural areas of eastern North Carolina counties. Except for minor residential strip development around Vanceboro and between Vanceboro and Ernul, almost all the resi- dences.are agriculturally oriented and are single-family struc- tures. Township One is the largest township in Craven County with 167.3 square miles. Residential uses are distributed evenly over the township with the Vanceboro area somewhat more developed. Township One had an overall population of 27 persons per square mile in 1970. There are 1,396 residential units in the Township, including 1,191 year-round single unit structures, 145 mobile homes, 18 two -or -more -unit structures and 42 vacant seasonal and migratory • units. Nearly half of the 1,354 year-round housing units (44%) lack complete plumbing facilities. -36- Commercial development in the Township is relatively limited and, consists mostly of service stations, grocery stores, and gen- eral stores. These are usually located at crossroads or are in- termingled with residential uses along highways. There are ap- proximately 33.of these establishments within Township One. Rural residents desiring specialized commercial services either shop in Vanceboro in Township One or travel to the nearby commercial centers of New Bern, Kinston, and Greenville. Industrial uses in the Township are few, and with the excep- tion of the Weyerhaeuser facility located at southeastern tip of the Township on the Neuse River, small in operation. There are - only four industrial uses in the township including Weyerhaeuser. There is no concentration of industrial uses with existing uses located along highways, and with the exception of Weyerhaeuser, near existing rural residential development. There are no major transportation, communication or utility sites within the Township. Minor facilities include telephone and power lines, right-of-ways and easements. There are no water or sewer lines outside of Vanceboro; however, a 201 Facilities Project is in progress and will have a major impact on the Vance- boro area when completed. Government and institutional uses are also limited in number. Major facilities include West Craven High School on State Road 1440 near Chip and the county landfill on State Road 1447 south of Vanceboro. They are the only identifiable government or • institutional uses in the Township. Cultural uses include 15 churches. Entertainment and recrea- -37- tion facilities are more limited. The major recreation resources of. the Township are the Neuse River and large forest areas for • fishing and hunting. Organized recreation is conducted by the county recreation department at va-rious times using schools and other available facilities. There are no commercial entertain- ment uses. Undeveloped land is limited to small areas. Most land with possible development potential is currently being used for agri- cultural, managed or unmanaged forestry purposes. Agriculture encompasses a large portion of the land use in Township One. A large percent of Township One land is engaged in agricultural use with major crops including tobacco, corn and soy- beans. Forestry is the largest single use of land in Township One with major areas covered by forest. Much of the forest land is owned by large paper companies or individuals whp practice accepted forest management procedures. Included in the forest lands are large areas of pocosin which are not suitable for even trees pro- duction without extensive drainage. Soils in these areas are also generally very poor for development or farming. The only major body of water, the Neuse River runs along the southern boundary of Township One. There are many creeks and branches including Clayroot Swamp Creek,. Swift Creek, and Little Swift Creek which make the western and eastern boundaries of the Township. These creeks along with the river today provide some 0 excellent fresh water fishing while in earlier times transporta- tion was the major use. -38- Wetlands in Township One are limited to sma]l areas of fresh • water swamp along portions of the Neuse River and many of the creeks. These swamps are subject to seasonal flooding, but not from normal tides. Coastal wetland or salt marsh does not exist in this area of Craven County. Barren land is very limited qr non-existent. The Neuse River does not provide much sandy beach in this area and surface extraction does not exist. Cleared transitional land exists only in a few vacant lots in Vanceboro and not in the rural township. Township One currently has no major land use compatibility problems. Development is relatively minor and no significant future land use problems should occyr during the planning period. Areas which can expect growth are along the fringes and within the Town of Vanceboro. .When a 201 system is completed this. anticipated growth should be easily accommodated. Substandard housing is a significant problem in Township One. Craven County should take steps to fully analyze existing housing in all areas. TOWNSHIP NUMBER TWO Township Two adjoins Township One along Little Swift Creek north of the Neuse River. The 1970 population of 31257 repre- sents 5% of the County total, including 52Q residents within the incorporated limits of Bridgeton. Bridgeton, and its surround- ing area in the southern part of the Township across the Neuse River from New Bern, is the only developed region in.the Township. • Township Two comprises 86 square miles with a 1970 density of 38 persons per square mile. -39- Residential development outside the Bridgeton area with the exception.of Treasure Cove follows the rural single family agri- cultural pattern of Township One. Moderate residential develop- ment; however, does occur north and northeast of Bridgeton and is divided by U.S. 17 with limited strip commercial use mixed with the residential. Moderate residential use also is found south of Bridgeton across U.S. 17 along the river. In addition, Trea- sure Cove located down the river from Bridgeton on Broad Creek is one of two planned unit developments in Craven County. Developed as a resort and retirement area with yacht basin,.golf course, tennis courts and other recreation facilities, Treasure Cove has a design capacity for 15 to 20 thousand persons. Currently there are only a few single family residences, however. The 1970 census listed 1,129 residential units in the Town- ship including 847 year-round single unit structures, 237 mobile homes, 43 two -or -more -unit structures, and two vacant seasonal and migratory units. Sixteen percent or 185 units lack complete plumbing facilities. Commercial uses in Township Two are limited and consist mostly of service stations, grocery stores, and general stores. These are found usually at crossroads and intermingled with re- sidential uses along U. S. Highway 17. There are approximately 20 of these rural, general purpose commercial uses in the Township. Industrial uses are very few and small in operation. Only two or three establishments could even be considered industrial uses. They are located in the Bridgeton area near and within ex- isting residential development. -40- is There are no major transportation, communication or utility sites in the Tccanship with exception of water and sewer systems of Treasure Cove. A 201 Facilities Plan is being prepared for the New Bern -Bridgeton area and will significantly effect develop- ment when completed. Minor uses can be associated primarily with electrical and telephone companies. Government and institutional uses are practically non-existent in Township Two. There are no schools in the non -incorporated areas and the only government use outside of Bridgeton is the Tri-Community Fire Department located two miles from Bridgeton on State Road 1433. Cultural and entertainment uses are also limited with excep- tion of rural churches, eight of which are fo-and in Township Two. Entertainment is pr,.;vided cn11 by the recreation potential of the Neuse River and forest lands. There are several hunting clubs and a wildlife boating access area north of Bridgeton on the Neuse River. Undevel::ped land consists primarily of vacant land in the denser areas around Bridgeton. Prime land in Township Two, as i.nmost of Craven County, is either agricultural or previously developed. Agriculture use, though not as extensive in Township Two as in western Craven County, does play a -significant role. Crops in- clude those common to eastern North Carolina and Craven County. Forest covers a large percentage of land with Weyerhaeuser Company having major holdings in the area. However, many areas -41- remain unsuitable for profitable timber production, due to poor soils and flooding. The pocosin Township Two shares with Beaufort • and Pamlico Counties in its northeastern and central sections has • many of these areas. The pocosin is typical of eastern North Carolina. The Township is bordered on three sides by Little Swift Creek, the Neuse River, and Upper Broad Creek. Commercial fishing waters begin at the railroad bridge in Bridgeton. The river and creeks provide excellent recreation and sports opportunities. Wetlands are found along the river near the mouths of North- east and Upper Broad Creeks and along sections of their banks. Some marsh also is seen along the river shoreline. Extensive coastal wetlands are not found this far up the river, however. Barren land is non-existent with very little beach, cleared transitional land or surface extraction area. Township Two has no major land use compatibility problems today. Development outside Treasure Cove is confined to the Bridgeton area where most of the area is within the flood plain, and a lack of land use regulations has resulted in mixed com- mercial and residential uses. Land use planning by Bridgeton and Craven County can reduce the effects of both present problems on future development. Growth in Township Two should continue in the Bridgeton area and along U.S. 17 north. Planning regula- tions should be used in these areas to prevent undesirable uses and strip development. -42- TOWNSHIP NUMBER THREE Township Three is the southwestern most in Craven County • with a 1970 population of 3,837,or 6% of the County. Included in the total are 485 citizens in Cove City and 585 in Dover, or 13% and 15% of the Township population respectively. Outside of Cove. City and Dover only the Fort Barnwell, area has any signifi- cant development. Township Three included 92.4 square miles with a 1970 density of 42 persons per square mile. Residential development in rural areas is very similar to Township One, with agriculturally oriented single unit housing. Moderate residential and commercial development does occur out- side incorporated areas in the community of Fort Barnwell., The remaining residential use is evenly distributed along the state roads throughout the Township. There are-842 residential units, including 764 year-round single unit structures, 56 mobile homes, 15 two -or -more -unit structures, and 7 vacant seasonal and migra- tory units in the Township. Like Township One,.44% of the year- round units lack complete plumb,*.ng facilities. Typical rural commercial development in the Township consists of service stations, grocery stores, and general stores. These are usually located at crossroads or are intermingled with re- sidential units along highways. Approximately 12 of these gen- eral commercial establishments are found in Township Three. Fort Barnwell with denser development than the more rural areas has several larger businesses which are exceptions to the above. The City of Kinston in Lenoir County serves much of this area when • more specialized commercial uses are desired while Cove City and Dover provide basically the same general establishments as Fort -43- Barnwell and the rural areas. • Industrial uses are limited.and consist of two saw mills lo- cated between Cove City and Dover on U.S. 70. Several areas do, however, have good potential for development as industrial sites. The Town of Dover is particularly interested in and actively seeking to attract industry. Rural areas of the Township have little in�t$Fansportation, communication, or utility uses. However, extensive work is being done on the new U.S. 70 Bypass running from Dover to New Bern south of Cove City with several associated uses. Other uses are those normally associated with rural areas.dealing mainly with highways, telephone, and electrical companies. Water systems, but not sewer, are found in Cove City and Dover. Governmental and institutional uses are not common in this portion of Craven County. Major facilities out of the incorpor- ated areas are limited to the Fort Barnwell Elementary School located near the junction of Rural Road 1262 and Highway 55, and the Fort Barnwell Fire Department located on Highway 55 in Fort Barnwell. Churches are the most prominent cultural and entertainment use in Township Three. Ten rural churches are located through- out the Township at amny crossroads and intersections. Enter- tainment within the Township is limited to that normally ex- pected in a rural setting; however, more varied uses are avail- able a short distance away in the City of Kinstorr�: Undeveloped land is limited to areas in and around the in- -44- corporated towns of Cove City and Dover, and the Community of Fort Barnwell. Most of the land with development potential like • most of Craven County is being used for agricultural purposes. Similar to adjoining Township one in the north, Township Three primarily is an agricultural area. Cropland dots the map and is found along nearly every road in the Township. The new U.S. 70 Bypass while destroying some fields has not seriously damaged the production capability of the area. Forest again in Township Three. Covers a large percentage of land. The center of the Township is occupied by a large pocosin. Nevertheless, elevations are higher in many parts of this Town- ship and excellent timber land is seen in many areas. Characteristic ' of Craven County are townships separated by creeks and the Neuse River. Township Three is no exception with Mosley Creek bordering on the west, the river on the north, and Cove`'•Creek on the east. These are inland waters with potential for fresh water fishing and recreation opportunities. Wet swampy regions are found along portions of the river and most creeks. These swamps are, normally within the.,river- ine flood plains, and completely flooded several times each year. Marshes or coastal wetlands are not found along this part of the Neuse River, however, Township Three has no major land use compatibility problems. Development is limited to areas in and around Cove City, Dover, and Fort Barnwell. There are no major problems resulting from current development. Future growth during the planning period -45- • should occur primarily within the town limits of Cove City and Dover, with possible development also in Fort Barnwell. TOWNSHIP NUMBER FIVE Township Five on the eastern end of Craven County has a population of 2,047 or 3% of the county total. With 84% of pop- ulation non -white, Township Five is the only Township with an over 50 percent minority population. Township Five is rural with no.incorporated areas and represents the most coastal environment of any township in Craven County. Township Five also has one of the lowest densities in Craven County with 34 persons for each of the 59.5 square miles in the Township. Residential uses are scattered .along the various rural roads of the Township, with minor cluster development on State Road 1711 in the Clubfoot Creek area. The permanent residential uses are mostly agriculturally oriented consisting of single unit structures. Limited commercial uses are intermingled with the residential primarily in cluster developments. There are only 535 housing units of which 451 are year-round single unit struc- tures, 62 are mobile homes, 13 are two -or -more unit structures, and nine are vacant seasonal and migratory units. As in the other rural townships, a high percentage (46%) of the housing units lack complete plumbing facilities. Again typical rural commercial development dominated by general purpose stores is the only commercial use found in Township Five. These are usually located at crossroads or mixed with residential units along highways. Approximately 12 of these general purpose commercial units are found in Township Five. -46- When more specialized commercial uses are required, Township Five • residents must travel to Havelock in Township Six, or Beaufort and Morehead City in Carteret County. Services similar to those within the Township are available in the Harlowe, North Harlowe area near the county line. There are no industrial uses located in Township Five. sites for potential future industrial uses are also very limited, pri- marily because of a lack in water and sewer along with the poor soil found in the area. Township Five with its rural landscape has little in trans- portation, communication, or utility uses. The only uses are those normally found in rural areas dealing mainly with highways, telephone company and electrical company installat}ons,.with the exception of the Cherry Point - Minnesott 4each Ferry facility. As indicated above, there are no water or sewer systems in the Township Five area. Government acid institutional uses are not ordinarily located in a rural area like Township Five. The Township has no public schools currently in operation or any other institutional use with its boundary. The only major facility other than the ferry in this category is the Harlowe Fire Department in the community of North Harlowe. Other government uses can be associated with Croatan National Forest which covers a large part of western Township Five. Churches as in the other rural townships are the most pro- minent cultural or entertainment use. Nine churches are located throughout the Township along the major roads. Entertainment is -47- directly related to the natural resources of the area, with ex- cellent hunting, fishing, boating and swimming provided by the • Neuse River, creeks and forest. Pine Cliff and Neusick are two examples of facilities maintain by Croatan National Forest. More sophisticated uses can be found in nearby Carteret County as well as Havelock and New Bern. Undeveloped land which can readily be used for development is very limited in Township Five, with the best land currently being used for residential, agricultural, or forestry purposes. Poor soil and flood plains will also limit a large portion of land from development. Agriculture is not as dominant in Township Five as in west- ern parts of the County, however, many individuals are directly or indirectly involved in agricultural uses. The many small farms provide limited income to a significant number to Township Five inhabitants. Major crops are the same as in those in other areas of Craven County. Forest covers the major percentage of land in Township Five, with Croatan National Forest and Weyerhaeuser Company having large land holdings in the area. With poor soil for development and large areas within the flood plain, forestry with good man- agement practiced by land owners offers an excellent use for the area. The Neuse River and several important creeks have a direct effect on life in Township Five. In addition, they provide the iextensive estuarine waters found along this part of the Neuse -48- River. Excellent potential also exist for recreation uses of the river. Another use of Township Five waters is the Inter - coastal Waterway which runs through Adams Creek in the eastern portion. Wetlands are found both along the river and along the banks of the creeks. Areas with extensive wetland can be much easier found in the Township Five area than in any other township in Craven County. These areas have been exposed to very little development damage and pollution only from the Neuse River. Barren land.occurs only in a few isolated sections of shore- line where beaches are found. No cleared transitional land or surface extraction areas currently exist in Township Five. Present land use in Township Five presents only slight compatibility problems. Present development has caused few pro- blems and only limited growth is expected. The need for improved housing is es?ecially evident in Township Five. TOWNSHIP NUMBER, SI.X Township Six in the central portion of Craven County south of the Neuse River is unique among most regions of eastern North Carolina. The total township population of 20,798 includes 5,283 persons in Havelock and 3,360 on board Cherry Point Marine Air Station. The greatest percentage of land in Township Six is government property, either Croatan National Forest or the Marine Base. Developed area outside Cherry Point is concentrated in and around Havelock. The residential pattern can be divided into three types consisting of limited rural strip development along state roads -49- and U. S. Highway 70, the Carolina Pines area, and subdivisions, trailer parks, etc. in and adjacent to the Havelock extraterritorial • boundary. Most units are single family with a large percentage either directly or indirectly base oriented. Agriculturally re- lated residential uses are not as prominent in Township Six as in most.of Craven County primarily because of the limit on good crop land in private ownership. The 1,088 housing units include 642 year-round single unit structures, 314 mobile homes, 131 two - or -more -unit structures and one vacant seasonal and migratory unit. Fifty-seven year-round units lack complete plumbing facili- ties. Commercial development outside the Havelock area is found only in a few service station -general store type establishments scattered primarily along U.S. 70. Discussion of commercial uses within the extraterritorial boundary of Havelock are included under the City of Havelock's planning document. Rural residents of Township Six have ready access to general business use in New Bern and Havelock and further commercial growth 'should come from those areas. Commercial establishments are also located on the Marine Base, but with use restrictions on civilian personnel. There are.no industrial uses in Township Six outside Havelock and Cherry Point. Potential sites are limited by the generally poor soil, large land holdings of Croatan National Forest, and lack of water and sewer facilities. Major utility uses are limited to the water and sewer sys- tems at Cherry Point and Havelock. The planned 201 extension of Havelock's sewer will greatly expand the development capabil- -50- ity of the planning area. Transportation facilities include a small private air strip north of Havelock on U.S. 70. Communi- • cation uses are similar to those found in other parts of Craven County. Government and institutional uses include facilities of Croatan Forest, a county land fill at Hickman Hill, West Havelock Elementary School adjacent to base housing, Camp Bryan at Ellis Lake, Camp Binson Bay, and Township Six Fire Department on U.S. 70 West of Havelock. Additional government or institutional uses are located within the Havelock jurisdiction. Cultural and entertainment uses include the rural churches of the Township and recreation facilities provided by Croatan Forest at Flanners Beach on the Neuse River. The natural re- sources of the forest, along with those associated the river, creeks and several lakes in the area have outstanding recreation potential. Commercial entertainment is currently limited to the golf course at Carolina Pines or to Havelock, Cherry Point, and New Bern. Undevelbped 'land for future development purposes is extreme- ly limited in Township Six. Several factors have currently stopped most development in the Township; government property of Croatan and Cherry Point', the air facility at Cherry Point with its hazard areas, and the poor soil with no water or sewer ser- vice.' Most hampered are the City of Havelock and Carolina Pines. Agriculture again in Township Six is not the large land use • common to western Craven County. Most of the land in Township Six is either unsuited for profitable farming, or in government -51- hands. The majority of existing agricultural land is located between Havelock and Township Seven and along the northern bound- ary with Township Seven. A much smaller percentage of the popu- lation is agriculturally dependent than in western section of the County. Forestry is the major non-military related use in Township Six. Croatan National Forest covers much of the total land area. Like most of Craven County south of New Bern, forestry is an ex- cellent use for a large amount of land which lacks suitable soil for other more extensive uses. Township Six has four important fresh water lakes and nearly one-half of another within its boundary. Shorelines of these lakes are owned by the National forest Service and a small number of individuals. Fishing is not particularly good, but excellent potential exists for water fowl impoundment areas. These lakes have a total surface area of 4,300 acres. Also important to Town- ship Six are the Neuse River and its many creeks. Water uses similar to those found in Township Five can be expected in this area also. The major recreation facility at Flanners Beach is a result of the cooperation with the federal government to allow maximum use of the area. Limited wetlands can be found along the river and creeks. Large areas pocosin and swampy land cover much of Croatan and private property in southern and eastern sections of the Township. Many of these areas remain in their pr,imftive state and should • not be developed, only managed. -52- Barren areas are small and isolated to include only a very small stretch of beach along the Neuse River.' No cleared transi- tional land or surface extraction areas are found outside Have- lock's jurisdiction. Compatibility problems outside the area of Havelock are found in Carolina Pines where the land has difficulty in sustain- ing the existing population with conventional septic tanks. Carolina Pines is not in the 201 area of Havelock and without strong land use and health regulations will continue to be an ex- panding problem. Major growth can be expected along U.S. 70 north of Havelock when land and sewer problems are solved. When land becomes avail- able, land use regulations should already be in full force. De- tailed discussions of this area including Cherry Point are con- tained in the Havelock Land Use Plan. TOWNSHIP NUMBER SEVEN Located south of New Bern and north of Township Six, Township Seven contains the most densely populated area along the Neuse River between New Bern and Havelock. The James City -Grantham area while being heavily populated is not incorporated and lacks most municipal services. The total township population is 4,757 with 2,577 or 54% located in the James City area. Developed area out- side James City -Grantham is found along the Trent River and along U.S. 70 east. Residential development in James City consist of typical • municipal street patterns, however with an obvious lack of paving, -53- curb and gutter, traffic lights, yard setbacks, and other health and.safety standards. -Much of the housing in the north portion • near Scott's Creek is substandard. Additional development of a lesser density is found further down the Neuse River along old U.S. 70 and along the Trent River near the airport on Madame Mcoie Lane. Scattered rural residential clusters are also found throughout Township Seven to the same extent as western Craven County. While residential use is dominant in all areas except on U.S. 70 immediately east of New Bern, most common type of land use seen is commercial mixed with the residential. The area suffers from an obvious lack of land use planning. Township Seven contains 1,502 housing units, 792 in the James City area.. Included in the total are 1,220 year-round single unit structures, 225 mobile homes, 56 two -or -more unit structures and one vacant season- al or migratory unit. Commercial development is concentrated along U.S. 70 east of New Bern -and between old U.S. 70. Several types of commer- cial uses including, service stations, car dealers, mobile home sales, garages, junk yards, gas and oil dealers, etc. are com- mon to the strip development of the area. Individual general store type commercial uses are located throughout the less dense sections of Township Seven. Residents of Township Seven have excellent access to general business uses in New Bern in addition to establishments found in the Township. The location and past trends of'Township Seven indicates future commercial growth. Industrial uses are limited to several sites, the largest • of which is Dixie Fertilizer. Similar to commercial uses, indus- -54- trial uses are intermingled with residential and other types of land use. With highway and rail availability and water service • in the James City -Grantham section, expansion of industrial po- tential should be examined. The major utility in Township Seven is the water system operated by the Neuse River Water and Sewer Association. The association also plans to add sewer service as the name indicates when funds become available. Communication and trans- portation uses are similar to the county's rural areas.with ex- ception of Simmons-Nott Airport in the northwestern center of the Township. Piedmont Airlines provides commercial passenger service to Simmons-Nott on a regularly scheduled basis. Government and.institutional uses include Brinson Memorial School on old U.S. 70, the Croatan Ranger Office on Thurman Road, the FAA facility at Simmons-Nott and Wildlife Commission facility on the U.S. 70 access road. Several other smaller uses of this type are also found in Township Seven. Cultural and entertainment uses are more diverse in Township Seven than in the rural townships, however, churches are still the most prevalent use in this category. Several night spots are located adjacent to residential sections in the developed area and represent one of the land use problems in Township Seven. Re- creation facilities are available at Brinson School and the VFW Post on the Neuse River. River access is a major problem in Town- ship Seven with no public swimming or boating access on either the • Trent or Neuse River. -55- Undeveloped land is limited in Township Seven to.the controll- ing factors of availability of water and sewer service. The poor • soil found in much of Township Seven will require use of the above for any extensive future development. Agricultural uses are limited and similar to those in Township Six. Much of the land in Township Seven is best suited for forest- ry and unprofitable for agricultural uses. The majority of existing agricultural land is located along the outer areas of the Township on the Trent and Neuse Rivers. Only a small percent of the total township population is directly agriculturally dependent. Forestry is the major land use in Township Seven, with Croa- tan National Forest and private lands covering most of the inland Township. Similar to a large percentage of Craven County south of New Bern, forestry is An excellent use for major areas in Town- ship Seven which lacks suitable soil for other, more extensive uses. Major water resources are the Neuse and Trent Rivers and Brices Creek. The rivers are boundaries of Township Seven with Brices Creek running into the Trent River through the center of the Township. These and other creeks and streams are the out- standing natural resources of Township Seven and offer excellent potential for many uses. The North Carolina Wildlife Commission does have a public boat ramp on Brices Creek. Wetlands are found primarily along the Trent River and the creeks. The Neuse River with its high bank has only a few areas iof wetland which are separated in many sections by narrow sandy beaches of barren land. Cleared transitional land should be con- -56- sidered only as a few undeveloped lots in the James City -Grantham area, however, the complete area will be considered transitional • under the future land use recommendations. Surface extraction areas are not found in Township Seven. Township Seven has major problems resulting from development on poor soils and without land use controls. These problems can be solved for future development with funding of proposals for sewer contained in the New Bern 201 plan and instituting of land use controls into the area by Craven County. These two solutions seem almost a necessity with development pressure continuing along U.S. 70 and the Neuse River and increasing with the new U.S. 70 .Bypass. TOWNSHIP NUMBER EIGHT Township Eight located in the center of Craven County has the largest population (21,125) and the largest incorporated area with New Bern and Trent Woods completely within its boundary. New Bern and Trent Woods with populations of 14,660 and 719 are completing plans for their extraterritorial and incorporated jurisdictions through another planning agency and are not discussed in this text. Development ranges from the rural farm oriented single unit resi- dential to the highly developed commercial areas in and around New Bern. Township Eight covers 53.1 square miles which are within municipal jurisdication. Residential uses outside of the extraterritorial limits of New Bern are primarily rural single unit structures. Noteable ex- ceptions to the above are River Bend Plantation which is'a planned unit development on the Trent River west of New Bern on State Road r -57- 1222, the Clarks community near the new U.S. 70 Bypass, and strip development along U.S. 70 west and U.S. 17 • sou-tth� of New Bern. Ex- cluding the incorporated areas, there are 1 753)residential hous- ing units in Township Eight including 1,510 year-round single unit structures, 191 occupied mobile homes, 51 two -or -more -unit struc- tures, and only one unit classified as vacant seasonal and migra- tory. Existing commercial uses are largest and most concentrated on U.S. 70 and 17, west and south of New Bern respectively. These units are primarily retail establishments and include uses closely associated with and dependent upon the City of New Bern and its population. Approximately a dozen of these type commercial uses can be found on U.S. 17 south with 1-2 miles of New Bern's extra- territorial jurisdiction with 6-8 similar uses in the same vicinity on U.S. 70 west. Additional commercial units in Township Eight are the general store -service station establishments located in rural communities along highways and at most major crossroads; less than 15 of the rural general business uses were found in Township Eight by the existing land use survey. Indu3trial uses are cur- rently confined to the New Bern area just outside of the extra- territorial boundary along U.S. 17 south with Coco Cola, Pepsi, and Clark Boat the major companies. The only exceptions to the above being the Slade -Harold Feeds facility on U.S. 70 near Bache- lor Creek and Hatteras Yacht near the Neuse River. Existing poten- tial sites for industrial parks are most limited by the lack of water and sewer facilities, with excellent highway and railroad 0 access already present. Township Eight has little in transportation, communication, -58- or utility uses. Major gas and electrical easements with asso- ciated facilities which run through the center of the Township are the most extensive uses, excluding highways and railroads. Other uses are those normally locatedwithin rural areas relat- ing to highways, utility companies and the construction of the new U.S. 70 Bypass from Dover to New Bern. Government and institutional uses are few except within the jurisdictions of New Bern and Trent Woods. The only major uses in the County's planning area for Township Eight are the Trent Academy, a private School located near River Bend off State Road 1222, the West New Berp Fire Department on U.S. 70, and the county dog pound near N.C. 55 in western Township Eight. Churches are the most prominent cultural and entertainment use in Township Eight. Approximately 13 rural churches are to cated throughout t�e Township at many crossroads and along the roads. Entertainment is limited to the private facilities of River Bend which include golf course, tennis courts, and swimming pool, and several black community night spots on U.S. 70 west. Additional facilities both public and private are readily avail- able within short travel time in New Bern. Undeveloped land is limited to sites in and around the in- corporated and extraterritorial jurisdiction$ of New Bern and Trent Woods. Most of the land outside the ipcorporated areas with development potential is used for agricultural and forestry pur- poses. • Agricultural is both a large land user and source of income for rural areas of Township Eight. Major crops include tobacco, -59- corn, and soybeans as in most of Craven County's farming areas. Fields are seen scattered along most highways in the north and south of Township Eight while forestry covers large areas in the center. Forestry is the largest single use of land in Township Eight with a major portion of the total land area covered by forest. Major sections of the forest land is owned by large paper companies and individuals who practice accepted forest management procedures. Included with the forest in central Township Eight is pocosin land not suitable for tree production without extensive drainage. Soils in these areas are generally very poor for development or agricultural uses. Township Eight is surrounded by the Neuse and Trent Rivers, Bachelor Creek and Kime Kiln Branch. Several additional creeks flow into the Township and with the rivers and creeks forming the boundaries provide excellent fishing and water sports. These waters beginning with the railroad bridges in New Bern are classi- fied as inland and are not coastal fishing waters. Wetland in Township Eight consists of marsh and swamps along portions of the Neuse River, Trent River, and many of the creeks. The New Bern area is subject to coastal flooding while upstream areas flood primarily from seasonal riverine waters. Development in these areas is currently limited and no future problems are anticipated. Emphasis should be placed by Craven County in planning and • coordination between county and municipal jurisdiction along U.S. -60- 70 and 17. Strip development is increasing in these areas at a rapid pace. Planning should prevent the congestion found on U.S. • 70 upon entering New Bern. This area should continue under in- creasing growth pressure and require extensive management. TOWNSHIP NUMBER NINE Located in the western section of Craven County south of the Neuse River, Township Nine is a rural agriculturally oriented area with a 1970 population of 1,787. With the smallest popula- tion of all the Craven County townships and po incorporated towns, Township Nine has its most dense development at crossroads and in clusters along highways. Township Nine has the lowest density in Craven County with 25 persons for each of the 72.4 square land miles. The residential pattern is single family with housing struc- tures making up the small developed areas. The heaviest concentra- tions of residences are found along N.C. 55 with the Jasper com- munity most developed. Additional residential uses are scattered almost equally along the various rural roads of the Township. The 542 housing units can be further divided into 476 year-round sin- gle unit structures, 49 occupied mobile homes, 17 two -or -more - unit structures and no vacant seasonal and migratory units. Similar to other rural areas in Craven County 212 year-round housing units lack completed plumbing.facilities. Commercial uses in Tou nship Nine are extremely limited with only seven Icommercial establishments in the entire Township. All . the present uses are of the general store -services found in rural sections. The units are distributed evenly throughout the Township -61- at intersections and along highways. More varied uses necessi- tate travel by township citizens to New Bern or Kinston. There are currently no industrial uses located in Township Nine. Sites for potential future industrial use are also very limited, primarily because of a lack in water and sewer facilities. Transportation, communication, and utility uses are only those normally located in rural areas, highway, utility ease- ments and installations, etc. There are no water or sewer systems in Township Nine, however, a water line does run through the Township carrying water to the City of New Bern from the city wells in Cove City. Highway 70 Bypass construction has also temporarily increased uses in this category. Government and institutional use are equally limited, with the fire department and rescue squad at Jasper and Jasper Elemen- tary School the only major facilities. Churches as in the other rural townships are the -most pro- minent cultural or entertainment use. The 12 churches are the only Township Nine use in this classification. Located through- out the Township at intersections and along highways in residential clusters, the churches provide the only breaks in residential development. Entertainment is provided only by the natural re- sources of the area. Commercial entertainment must be sought in one of the cities. Undeveloped land which can readily be developed is limited in Township Nine by lack of public facilities. The best land is currently being used for residential, agricultural, or forestry -62- • purposes in most instances. Poor soil also limits a large por- tion of lard from development. Township Nine, like its surrounding townships, is foremost an agricultural area. Fields are seen throughout the Township in every section except the very center. Cropland covers many acres in Township Nine. Major crops include all those common to Craven County and eastern North Carolina. Forestry comprises the largest use of land in Township Nine. Large tracts are held by individuals and paper companies, the heaviest concentrations being in the central section of the Town- ship. Water resources of Township Nine are not as extensive as in the more eastern townships. Primary streams that effect Township Nine are the Neuse River, Bachelor Creek and Core Creek which flow into the Township from the north. Waters found in Township Nine are fresh waters and classified as inland. Wetlands in Township Nine consist of wet marsh and swampy areas along many sections of the river and creeks. These areas are subject to seasonal riverine flooding, but not from normal coastal floods. Barren land is non-existent in Township Nine. Township Nine currently has very few land use problems and none are anticipated during the palnning period. Housing needs improvement as in most of Craven County. No major growth is . eight forecast or desired by township nine residents. -63- W416 y o eJ s townships CRAVEN COUNTY NORTH CAROLINA •The preparation of this mp rat flmneiolly assisted by • grant from the State of North Carolina. the pa- `' + elonal Oeeanin and Ataospherlt Adminiatration, and ;he Coastal plains Negioml Coesiaslon.' 0 • C. CURRENT PLANS, POLICIES, AND REGULATIONS -66- PLANS AND POLICIES Craven County has a variety of local ordinances, plans, and. • codes, as well as being subject to State and Federal regulations. Enforcement of these codes is handled by.county, state and feder- al authorities depending on thg type and origip of the regula- tions. There are three types of codes herein which will be dis- cussed along with their relation to Craven County. North Carolina is one of the few states in the nation that has and enforces a statewide series of construction codes, Build- ing, plumbing, heating and air conditioning, electrical construc- tion, repair and alteration must conform to these State codes. These codes are applicable throughout the State at the time of their adoption by the State Building Codes Council. Every new, or substantially repaired or altered building, must be constructed or repaired in accordance with these codes. Any unit of.local government may enforce either the State Building Code or any similar and equally strict building code. Craven County enforces the North Carolina State Building, Electrical, and Plumbing Codes. The County employs an inspector for building and electrical inspections and the Craven County Health Department conducts plumbing inspections. The County building and electrical inspector is responsible for inspections within several incorporated areas as well, as the incorporated portion of the County. Electrical inspections are conducted within the town limits of Havelock, Trent: Woods, Cove City, Dover, Vanceboro, and Bridgeton, while building inspections are con- • ducted in Cove City, Dover, Vanceboro, and Bridgeton. The health -67- department conducts its plumbing inspections within the corporate limits of Trent Woods, Vanceboro, Bridgeton, Cove City and Dover, • as well as the unincorporated areas of the County. . Land Regulatory Codes are another category of regulations and have been used by local governments in the United States since the mid-1910's. Zoning and subdivision regulations are the most widely used forms of land regulation. They have been employed by municipalities and counties for over sixty years as a means of community improvement and protection. More and more counties are beginning to exercise these and other land regulations. As population increases and more demands are placed on scarce local governmental resources, the need for some land controls become evident. These controls are usually directed toward protecting a good overall living environment in the area in question. As these problems increase and their complexity outgrows the ability to solve them, many units of government are turning to more so- phisticated controls and regulations. Foremost in Craven County at the present time are the 201 Facilities Plans for Havelock, New Bern, and Vanceboro. Funding of the most suitable alternative in each of these plans will solve many of the land capability problems existing in Craven County. The 201 planning proposals also assist and aid the CAMA planning effort. All land classified in transition is within feasible sewer operation areas. No major conflicts have developed between the two planning efforts to date. -68- Craven has a number of recent land use related plans. Some • of these plans were produced by county staff members while the majority came from outside sources. Craven County Plans Park and Recreation Plan - Land Capacity Study - Sketch Development Plan - Community Facility Plan - County Sewer and Water Plan 201 Facilities Plan Havelock -.201 Facilities Plan New Bern 201 Facilities Plan Vanceboro Currently policies for land use with exception of subdivision and mobile home park regulations are limited. Utility extension policies are directly tied to tax value of the industry or in- dividual desiring extension. Craven County can only provide financial assistance in extension since the county does not oper- ate either water or sewer systems. A Sketch Development Plan was completed for Craven County in 1973. This plan which was developed by the State through the Division of Community Assistance has had little effect on land use policies in Craven County. Other policies are vague and not well established. LOCAL REGULATIONS Craven County has a planning department which handles the • enforcement of County subdivision and mobile home regulations. The County Planning Board is charged with reviewing Subdivision And Mobile Home Plats as well as making recommendations on mat - tern relating to land planning to.the County Commissioners for • their final action. Enforcement of both the subdivision and mobile home park regulations has been effective in meeting the original intent of each regulation. Craven County has also building, plumbing, and electrical inspectors. These positions are held by State.licensed personnel who provide enforcement. Problems in enforcement of Craven County regulations are primarily administrative and due to a lack of supervisory per- sonnel. Consideration should be given to consolidating the various inspection and permit personnel into one department under the county planning board. Craven County Local Regulations -.Subdivision Regulations - Mobile Home Ordinance - Boundary Noise Code - Zoning Ordinance (Pending) - Floodway Ordinance (Pending) Within the past few years, the Federal and State Governments have become involved in the environmental aspects of land planning. As the impact of poor land development practice becomes pressing, the Federal and State Governments have been called upon to take corrective measures. The result has been that new legislation, aimed at preventing these costly development errors, has been • adopted. Although these laws are enacted at other levels, the -70- 0 enforcement provisions generally are left to the local government with sections agains.. non -enforcement. FEDERAL AND STATE REGULATIONS The State and Federal Governments have numerous regulations either directly or indirectly related to land use. North Carolina State Regulations - Coastal Area Management Act - Air Pollution Controls - Regulation on Open Burning - Water Quality Management - Septic Tank Regulations - Water Capacity Use Areas - Well Construction Regulations and Standards - Dredge and Fill - Fisheries Regulations - Sediment Control Regulations - Mining Regulations - Soil and Water Conservation Regulations Federal Regulations - Environmental Protection Agency Regulations - Federal Flood Insurance Regulations In Craven County these regulations are enforced jointly by Federal, State, and local agencies. -The County Health Department and the North Carolina Department of Natural and Economic Resources conduct enforcement of the State Regulations while Federal and . County authorities have the responsibility for the enforcement of Federal Regulations. -71- • • III. PUBLIC PARTICIPATION ACTIVITIES -72- • The Craven County Planning Board has from the onset of the Coastal Area Management Act attempted to comply with the require- ments of the Act and the Coastal Resources Commission. The Coastal Resource Commission has stressed repeatedly the importance of Pub- lic Participation in the planning process. In the preparation of the Land Development Plan for Craven County the planning board has used every means practical to secure the total involvement of the residents of Craven County. The major methods for reaching the public were: A. Establishment of a Citizen's Advisory Board to the planning board for CAMA recommendations. B. Open, advertised township meetings were held in each township of Craven County. Public participation was gained from meeting minutes and questionnaires given each attending person. (As many as three meetings were held in some townships.) C. Questionnaires were distributed through the Craven County School System. Students in selected grades (4, 8, & 12) and their parents took part in the planning process by answering and returning the questionnaires. D. The questionnaire was published in both the Sun -Journal and the Shopper. Sixteen "drop boxes" were listed in the ads and were distributed throughout the County for receiving completed questionnaires. E. Meetings were held with individual groups (i.e. Volunteer Firemen, Jaycees, etc..) with participation gained -73- from oral discussion and questionnaires. • F. Local television, radio, and newspapers carried both meeting advertisements and news articles on progress being made. G. Coordination meetings were held between planners and officials of New Bern, Havelock, Trent Woods and Craven County were held to develop consistency along city -county boundaries and in overall goals. One thousand and five hundred written responses and numer- ous oral comments were received through the public participation programs. These responses were used to identify the following land use issues. LAND USE AND LAND USE ISSUES Rural Craven County The non -urban landscape as surveyed in Craven County is dominated by rural agricultural oriented uses, fields and forests. Residential development in these areas consists almost totally of single family dwellings scattered throughout the County forming many small communities and minor strip development around the towns. Just as people change from community to community and town- ship to township, so do land use conditions. Generally in Craven County rural land uses have remained forestry and agriculture, with changes only in the methods of land utilization. The trend . towards small non -farm rural communities is continuing. Farms are becoming larger and more mechanized, timber holdings are be- -74- ing consolidated by large paper companies, etc. Housing defi- ciencies in several sections create substandard living condi-- • tions for many rural people. Citizens from the rural .areas identified the following issues: A. The basic need for and major lack of local employment, especially for younger persons. B. Development limitations in larger communities because of poor soils and no central water or sewer service. C. Few recreation facilities which allow maximum use of the Neuse River and other natural areas. D. A general concern for education. E. Desire for a transportation system to provide priorities for both paving unpaved roads and maintaining all roads, Urban and Suburban Craven County Urban and urbanizing areas, though not nearly as extensive in square miles as those in rural, have the major impact on the land and environment in Craven County. Land uses in the more populated areas vary -greatly when compared to the rural sections where agriculture and forestry are dominant. Problems arise much quicker, are more costly to solve, and directly affect more people in urban areas. The smaller towns and unincorporated areas also have different problems from New Bern or Havelock. • The single greatest problem in the small towns and unincor- porated areas is the lack of central sewage disposal system. -75- Only New Bern, Havelock, Cherry Point, and Treasure Cove currently have approved operating sewage systems. Further growth in the • towns cannot meet acceptable health standards without central sewage treatment. Central sewage disposal and treatment'is there- fore basic to any economic growth or development. In the larger, more populated areas around New Bern, other land use issues cause additional problems. Strip development along US 17 and 70 on each side of New Bern has created major traffic congestion. Areas, particularly in James City -Grantham, are developing without complete land use regulations or controls resulting in cases of mixed and conflicting uses in proximity to one another. Health, safety, and recreation facilities are also often left lacking in these areas. Land use issues cited from citizens responses in these areas give necessity to the following: A. Central water and sewer service B. Street and traffic engineering improvements C. Recreation facilities D. Public river access E. Greater control of mixed land use in development People in the urban and urbanizing areas generally favor moderate population growth. Steady growth is seen as the surest means to increased opportunities in employment and income. People in rural sections are also satisfied with their stable populations. Agricultural uses here can continue to pro- • vide employment and a sound economic base for the County. -76- Directions received from public participation response provided the guide for establishment of goals -and objectives •for Craven County. 'The six areas addressed were not given de- finite priorities and can be considered of relatively equal im- portance for the present. All are not directly in the.province of Craven County and therefore the County cannot always control actions in all six areas. The following were the six major areas of public interest and concern identified through the public participation process: Recreation Education Road System Water and Sewer Wildlife Protection Growth and Development These six concerns were structed in a goals and objectives framework which can be implemented by adoption and adherence to the County Land Use Plan. The success of each goal is considered important to maintaining and improving the living environment of Craven County. Recreation Goal: Achievement of a comprehensive recreation pro- gram that is accessible to all citizens of Craven County, that will provide opportunities for the use of leisure time, and that will serve the creative, physical, and social interestq of county citizens. Objectives: A. Continuing examination, review, and evalu- ation of the existing recreation program and facilities. Annual reports shall be prepared by the Recreation Commission. -77- B. Continue implementation of the adopted Master Plan for Parks and Recreation in Craven County • according to the schedule detailed in the plan. C. Secure available state and federal grants for special projects and implementation of the County Master Plan. Assistance in obtaining funds shall be requested as required from the Neuse River Council of Governments and the De- partment of Natural and Economic Resources. D. The Recreation Commission shall annually re- view applicable state and federal standards, policies, and funding sources, for recreation uses of the Neuse and Trent Rivers. Special attention shall be directed to providing ad- ditional river access areas in and near Developed and Transition class lands along the rivers. E. The Craven County Planning Board during FY 177 shall consider with assistance of the Recreation Commission the requirement for dedicated recrea- tion land in subdivision. Education Goal: Education facilities easily accessible to all Craven County students while providing programs to meet the needs of each student regardless of his antici- pated goals in life. Objectives: A. Development of a capital budgeting system for • the Craven County School System. B. Continue meetings.between the New Bern and -78- Craven County School Systems to determine the • feasibility of a consolidated countywide school system. C. Determine in 1976 dollars the cost of imple- menting a consolidated school system in Craven County. D. Review annually all levels of curriculum for needed improvements and student response. E. Determine feasibility of incentives for educa- tion and advancement of school system teachers. and faculty. Roads, Streets, Highways Goal: An adequateisystem of transportation throughout Craven County with access to development properties. Objectives: A. Review annually the transportation needs within Craven County and work closely with the North Carolina Department of Transportation to esta- blish priorities for improvements. B. Continue enforcement of the Craven County Sub- division Regulations which require construction of roads in compliance'with accepted specifica- tions of the N.C. Department of Transportation. Water and Sewer Goal: Construction, operation, and maintenance of central water and sewer systems enabling environmentally sound development in areas of the County where un- sanitary conditions exist or where future develop- ment will occur in transition areas. -79- Objectives: A. Review recommendations of the New Bern, Havelock, and Vanceboro 201 Facilities Studies and implement • desired alternatives in coordination with munici- pal governments. B. Establish a Craven County Water and Sewer Authori- ty for administration over construction and oper- ation of County water and sewer facilities. C. Research funding sources and secure finances for the installation of central water systems in transition lands. D. Provide by 1981 access to central water service in all County transition lands. E. Provide by 1985 access to central sewer service in all County transition land. Wildlife Protection Goal: Encourage proper management of wildlife areas and the preservation of rare or endangered species within the County. objectives: A. Ensure that conservation class lands are adequate- ly protected by County Land Use R+pgulations. B. Work closely with landowners and wildlife interest for identification of possible additional con- servation lands. C. Continue cooperation and assistance with state and federal wildlife protection agencies. Growth and Development Goal: Environmentally, aesthetically, and economically sound development within Craven County. -80- • Objectives: A. Review annually land use control and construction ordinances for effective operation and enforce- ment. B. Review bi-annually land use control ordinances for technical capability. C. Adopt and implement zoning regulations in transi- tion areas by 1978. D. Develop a County Housing Assistance Plan includ- ing possible funding sources for improving sub- standard housing by 1978. E. Construct a Capital Improvement Budget for im- plementing the Community Facilities Plan recom- mendations. F. Implement Community Facilities Plan. G. Continue funding and operation of the County Industrial Development Commission. Alternatives to the goals were not established as the rather broad general goals incorporated most public participation re- sponse. No cjodl was omitted which had any major justification in the public participation response. M:1C • • IV. CONSTRAINTS -82- • • A. LAND POTENTIAL -83- r j. PHYSICAL LIMITATIONS Hazard Areas Craven County has two categories of hazard areas; 11 areas of excessive erosion and 2) flood hazard areas. Flood hazard areas have two distinct categories, riverine flood plains and coastal flood areas. Although Craven County does not border on the ocean or a sound, it does have a great deal of coastal flood area along the lower reaches of the Neuse River. This same area is considered to be subject to excessive erosion. Areas of Excessive Erosion: These areas are defined as the land area extending from the mainland - water interface to a pre- diction lines (to be defined by the soil conservation service) indicating the probable shoreline location 100 years hence. The area found to have excessive erosion in Craven County is that portion of the southern shore of the Neuse River between the mouth of the Trent River and the eastern county line. This is subject to erosional activities due to the types of soil found along this portion of the shoreline when this is combined with the energy expelled on the shoreline especially during storm tides, it can be expected that eroding would occur along this section of the shoreline. Flood Areas: There are two types of flood areas found in Craven County, those being Coastal Flood Plains and Riverine Flood Plains. Coastal Flood Plains are defined as the land areas adjacent to coastal sounds, estuarines or the ocean which are • prone to flooding from storms with an annual probability of one percent. A Riverine Flood Plain is defined as a land area adjoin- U11C ing a river, stream or watercourse which is likely to be flooded. • Coastal Flood Plains: Coastal flooding is characterized by not only high water but also by high waves generally greater than three feet. Coastal flooding is, in most cases, associated with hurricane force storms and is most damaging to the first line of obstruction on the shore due to not only high water, but the force of the waves. Coastal flooding is estimated to occur as far west on the Neuse River as the Weyerhaeuser Plant and includes land to the east adjacent to the major rivers and creeks lying below 14 feet mean sea level. These areas include the Neuse River, the Trent River, the Upper Broad Creek area, Brices Creek, Hancock Creek, Clubfoot Creek and the Adams Creek area. Riverine Flood Plains: Riverine flooding is characterized by high water associated with heavy rains generally up stream from where most of the high water occurs. This flooding is not effected by wind driven water yet can be very distructive not only from high water damage but from the velocity of the water flowing in the streams or river. Riverine flooding is associated with smaller rivers and creeks that do not have the capacity to carry sharp increases in the volume of water deposited in their water sheds. There are only a few cases of riverine flooding in Craven County. Those include low lying areas adjacent to the Neuse River, west of the Weyerhaeuser Plant, Swift Creek, Little Swift • reek, and Beaverdam Swamp. -85- ,,Croven-.Countr does. not have:, an: excessive, amount of hazard — area, within • :the County ..l.imitq.. : These : ,a for.ementioned areas. do pre- • sent! problems when•• considering, certain uses,, however, their de- signation.as hazard areas does•not;mean that they should'be re- str3,Gted from development. . 1t. only, means that: problems exist Y and steps should be taken to protect.th health.safety and wel- fare of the property owners and the public who may either direct- ly or indirectly be associated with these areas. Soils, -Limitations There are seven categories?of.soils within Craven County having one to three soil series in each category. In general the soils in Craven County are poor due to the high water table, poor drainage, and general swampy conditions, with the areas along the Neuse River and in the pocosins having the poorest soils. Leaf, Craven, Lenoir Leaf - The Leaf series consists of poorly drained soils.�� These soils have developed from clayey marine sediments. They have a very dark gray silt loam surface layer and a gray mottled silty clay subsoil. The slope ranges from 0 to 2 percent. Craven - The Craven series.consists of moderately well drained soils on nearly level to sloping coastal plain uplands. These soils have a grayish brown loam surface layer and a light olive brown and yellowish brown clay subsoil that is very firm and slow- ly permeable. Gray mottles are below about 18 inches. Sub -horizons are gray clayey sediments with lenses of sandy material. The • slope ranges from 0 to 12 percent. -86- • Lenoir - The Lenoir series consists of somewhat poorly drained, nearly level soils on uplands in the coastal plain. The subsoil extends to a depth of 63 inches and is a brownish yellow clay loam in the upper part; gray clay in the middle part and gray sandy clay in the lower part. The slope is less than 2 per- cent. These soils are found south of the Neuse River from.Cove City to New Bern, north of the Neuse River in the Big Pocosiri area and along Highway 70 east of the Trent River extending almost to Havelock. These soils are not generally subject to flooding al- though they are wet and hard to drain. These soils are good for wildlife habitats and forestry if managed properly. Develop- ment is generally a problem due to the wetness, slow perculation, and poor quality of soil structure. Pamlico Pamlico - These are very poorly drained extremely acid organic soils on nearly level flood plains ana depressions of the coastal plain.. They have black and very dark brown organic horizons, 16 to 40 inches thick. than one percent. The slope is generally less These soils are frequently flooded,and offer.severe limita- tion to post uses. These soils are not extensive in Craven County and are found in small amounts near Dover in western Craven County, in the Treasure Cove area, and to a large extent in southern Craven County mostly within the Croatan Forest. The soils are good for wildlife habitats. There are limitations to most other uses, even forestry. -87- • • Johnston -Bibb, Limbee Johnston -Bibb - The Johnston or Bibb series consists of very poorly drained soils on nearly level flood plains of the coastal plain. Typically they have black murky loam or loam surface layers, and gray fine sandy loam underlying layers. They formed in stratified flurial sediments. The slope ranges from 0-2 percent. Lumbee - The Lumbee series consists of nearly level, poorly drained soils, on stream terraces in the coastal plain. The sur- face layer is dark gray loamy sand, the subsurface layer is light brownish gray loamy sand, the subsoil is light gray, sandy clay loam and the underlying layer is light gray loamy sand. The slope ranges from 0 to 2 percent. These soils are found along the rivers and creeks of Craven County limited almost exclusively to the area west of New Bern. Located along the upper Neuse River, Swift Creek, Little Swift Creek and other tributaries these soils are frequently flooded and have severe limitation to most uses other than wildlife habitats. Drainage is poor which would prevent large scale farming or forestry. There are severe limitations to development. Lakeland, Renansville Lakeland -,The Lakeland series consists of excessively drained nearly level to steep soils on coastal plains uplands. Typically, these soils have a very dark grayish brown sand surface layer about three inches thick. Yellowish brown sand occurs between depths of three and 64 inches and below 64 inches to depths of 90 inches or more very pale brown sand occurs. The slope ranges from 0 to 30 percent. Kenansville - The Kenansville series consists of nearly level and gently sloping, well drained soils of stream terraces and uplands. The surface layer is grayish brown loamy sand, the sub- surface layer is light yellowish brown loamy sand, the subsoil is yellowish brown sandy loam and loamy sand and the underlying layer is very pale brown sand. They formed in flurial and marine sedi- ments in the coastal plain. The slope ranges from 0 to 6 percent. These soils are very sandy and drain very fast. They are not subject to flooding and in most cases offer few limitations to development. Suitability for forestry and wildlife habitats is high. These soils are unfortunately not extensive in Craven County, however, some maybe found along the Trent River, in the Treasure Cove area, and in strips between the Neuse River and Swift Creek in western Craven County. Portsmouth, Torhunta Portsmouth - The Portsmouth series consists of deep, very poorly drained soils of the coastal plain. They formed in stra- tified marine or flurial sediments. Typically these soils have a black loam surface layer over a very dark grayish brown loam. The subsoil is dark gray sandy clay loam, the underlying layer is dark gray clay loam and the substratum is light gray sand. The slope ranges from 0 to 2 percent. Torhunta - The Torhunta series consists of nearly level poorly drained soils in upland bays and on stream terraces in the • coastal plain. The surface layer is about 15 inches thick with the upper part being black fine sandy loam and the lower part being -89- very dark gray loamy sand. The subsoil is dark grayish brown fine sandy loam and the underlying layer is dark grayish brown - loamy sand in the upper part and grayish brown sand in the lower part. The slope ranges from 0 to 2 percent. These soils are frequently flooded and have severe limita- tion to development activities. These soils are found scattered throughout the County. There is one concentration around Dover in western Craven County and another between Swift Creek and the Neuse River. There is a strip along Highway 17 and the Neuse River and a narrow strip that extending from the Jones County line to eastern Craven County. These soils present serious pro- blems to most uses. Rains, Ogeechee, Kempsville Rains - The Rains series consists of poorly drained, moder- ately permeable, soils of the coastal plains. The surface layer is very dark gray loamy sand, the subsurface layer is light brown- ish gray loamy sand, the subsoil has an upper portion of gray sandy loam, a middle portion of gray sandy clay loam and a lower portion of gray sandy loam, and the underlying material is gray loamy sand. They formed in loamy flurial and marine sediments and the slopes are less than 2 percent. Ogeechee - The Ogeechee series consists of wet, very strongly acid soils on broad flats, slight.depressions and along some" drainageways. Typically the surface layer is very dark gray loamy find sand, and the subsoil is mainly dark grayish brown mottled • with yellowish brown and strong brown. The texture is sandy clay loam intermixed with pockets of sandy clay. The slope ranges -90- from level to 2 percent.. • Kempsville - The Kempsville series consists of well drained nearly level to sloping soils on uplands in the coastal plain. The surface layer is grayish brown loamy sand, the subsurface layer is light yellowish brown loamy sand and the subsoil is yellowish brown sandy loam in the .upper part, yellowish brown sandy clay loam in the middle part and mottled brownish yellow, strong;brown, yellowish red sandy clay loam in the lower part. The slope ranges from level to 10 percent. These soils are found in the Dover area, between the Neuse River and Swift Creek in western -most Craven County, in north central Craven County, in a small area south of the Trent River and in its heaviest concentration in the Havelock area east along the Neuse River. These soils have generally moderate to severe -limitation to development. They are not generally subject to flooding, however, they do have a high water table. Improvements must be made prior to the commencement of most uses. Leon, Lynn -Haven Leon - The Leon series is poorly drained, sandy soils with a weakly cemented, organic stained layer within 30 inches deep. They have a thin sandy surface layer and a light gray sandy sub- surface layer. The weakly cemented, organic stained layer is black, dark reddish brown, or dark brown sand. Below the cemented layer to 80 inches deep is loam sand. These soils are nearly level to gently sloping and occur in the lower Atlantic and Gulf coastal plains. They were formed in acid sandy marine sediments. • Lynn -Haven - The Lynn -Haven series consists of nearly level, -91- very poorly drained soils, on flats or in slight depressions on Coastal Plain uplands. The surface layer is black fine sand, the • subsoil is black fine sand and the underlying layer is pale brown with fine sand in the upper part, sandy clay loam in the middle part and fine sand in the lower part. The slope is less than 2 percent. There are few occurrences of this soil in Craven County. One area is located north and northeast of Bridgeton and another small area southeast of the Trent River. These soils have frequent flooding; however, for brief .per- iods of time. There are severe limitations to most uses due to the high water table. These areas are not even well suited to forestry or wildlife habitats due to the wetness. Many of the soils in Craven County are limited to some extent due to either periodic flooding or high water table. Steps should be taken to adjust use requirements in order to minimize future problems. • -92- • 0 ._._-_._-_ —. _._ d r •, r 0 y a 3 i� 7 1 1 6 a 0 6 I 1 O N E 5 O U N 1 1 F L E G E N D M CRAVEN-LENOIR ASSOCIATION: N..rlr 1-1 1. nwd.mllr wall aM .... pW ly .nlme ..x. rIN wry Ilan. eUly ® PORTSMOUTH-TORHUNTA ASSOCIATION: vary anarlydralsd..11a inh mask turf.« larva. and Army. Ill ..Mr m.r l..m and urCr lwn .uLa.u.. ® LAKELAND-KENANSVILLE ASSOCIATION: NaaNr Ws11. early flang au..roar eril.n. wal enlM....v .pn.. LEON-LYNN HAVEN ASSOCIATION: swmwn.l pearlr.l p.arlr d..in.e ..u. with ..W Alase I.r.a must dark e4l:10-0ray. uMr wew..enall.. ® PONZER-PAMLICO ASSOCIATION: V.rr All Gaelsd m..k amr faamr and ."y mnarl.l. ® RAINS—OGEECHEE—KEMPSVILLE ASSOCIATION: xAl Ia.aI1. 3.nnyohnaind, p.alr dnlntl 1. —11 Assume ...I. with avid, Ism .Wa. And el.el..arkr Oar .UL.pll.. This Cana, sax H.p is suitable far aw ® JOHNSTON-BIBS ASSOCIATION: Vary pearly and p.arb m.1.d . all. a, Nape plain. plan"IUT gapss.nly. Fa mar. All pl.nnin[.n IKIrWU.I va.l. al land. A d.4I W .all .arvay I. sMM. rup paaparad .11:I76.D30 and ray.dUsad •unpin regard 1..s1. formalmum mtIDxlly an .lmal.In. ................... 3 . MILES ApPROXIIMTESG LE 11.14.. 0 �? APPENDIX N a< GENERAL SOIL MAP TENTATIVE: SUBJECT TO CHANGE CRAVEN COUNTY NORTH CAROLINA V... DE.A.711 ART Or AGRICULTURE SOIL CO NS ERVATIONIXSERVICE Rev. 6-72 4_R-3OXT7 9u. - G.mnl Hish, Iles . Iw e.vl.lw. NTn Cis"fin. sut. Mlsn..J ww. al IISpC. e.r... a hw. All APP£\DIX 4 Soil InL, rpr.,tations Genoral S;,il Map t ravvii Canty, North Carolina --------- — - h:!.11i1::c 5ewe r. with ::.•ptic tan,c Pc rca t I of 131 !11ATlOVS lrttnsive FOR -- Li gh. Roads and I:.ene:•:. T �..-- o 1 1 Y r0. '<� !� �• -- .iani Cary r t --------•-' __ sv!,t,er; pitr..r hold<• ramn `iten Punic .1ren• P1 :\ ate 1 d of ,�l't treet= _- �. -.! - .ln. ni 1 v A,;r:nc. — — ! i 3r Mod(Wt,Sh-.'; I ' St•v(Perc) M,,d. (I', rPi,'1 rif �Iod(I'cra,I rail M,d(1'erm, i•4,d(:a-Sd) I xod(TSC,F.r) Cair to Co,,d Cora ;,:vC",t, r!:, n-I , n..ir r.+v, n on eradad un rrodrd Traf on clay .,i ., unty soil) soil) eroded soil) texture) ,.,n•oir 30 Sev(::t;,h-Sw) S,•v(1'erc,i!t) S,v.(Wt) "k,d.(Wt) Sev. (We) Sev.Wt,Sh-Sw) ScV(Wt,TSC) !',:rt:m,n,tit-1'urhur.t.t PortFm,ntth 40 Sev. (Wt) Sev. (Wt) Sev.04) Sev.(WO Sev. (Wt) Sev, (Wt) Sev. (Wt) Fair tc Good Good Scv. ('r:t) furhunt.i : 5 Lak! land-Ktn.in>;ville Uikelar.d 35 Mod Prod) 1!od(Lfa) Sev. (Traf) Srv.(Traf) Sev. (Traf) Mod.(Prod) Mod(Traf, Poor Fair. Sev(Sand low content texture) r,: of county of fines) Kenansville 25 Sit Sit to Plod. Mod(Traf) Mod.(Traf) Mod. (Traf) Sit Sit. Fair Good Sit to Mod (Lfa) (Sandy texture) Loon -Lynn haven Leon 40 Sev(Wt ,Prod) Sev. (Wt. Lfa) Sev.(Wt,Traf) Sev.(Wt,Traf) Sev.(Wt,Traf) Sev. (Wt) Sev.(Wt,Traf, Poor Poor Sev(Wt, 2. of county Lvnn Havt•n 25 low content sand of fines) texture) Ponz:•r-Pamlico Ponzer 40 Sev(wv ,sh-Sw) Sev.(Wt,Sh-Sw) Sev(Wt,Traf) Sev(Wt,Traf) Sev.(Wt,Traf) Sev(Wt,Sh-Sw) Sev(Wt,TSC, Poor Poor to Sev(Wt, 1U/. of county Pamlico 35 Sh-Sw) C•ood 3/ Organic soils) Rains, Ogeechee, Rains 25 Sev(Wt) Sev.(Wt) Sev.(Wt) Sev.(Wt) Sev. (Wt) Sev. (Wt) Sev. (Wt) Fair to Good Good Sev.(Wt) Kempsville Ogecchee 25 Sev(Wt) Sev(Wt) Mod (Wt) Mod.(Wt) Mod. (Wt) Sev. (Wt) • Mod. (Wt) Good Cood Sev(Wt) 15" of county Kempsville 15 Sit. Sit Sit. Sit. Sit. Sit Sit. Good Cood 4od(Wt) Johnston -Bibb Johnston 30 Sev(F1,Wt) Sev.(rl,Wt) Sev.(F1,Wt) Sev.(F1.Wt) Sev.(F1,Wt) Sev.(F1,Wt) Sev.(F1,Wt) Poor Good Sev(rt,Wt) 107; of county Ribb 25 Abbreviations for Limiting Factors: Slopes>-10% Slopes > 10! Slopes> 61 Slopes > 10% Slope::> 6% Slopes> 10% Slopes > 25% impose limi- impose limi- impose limi- impose limi- impose limi- impose sev, impose sev. F1 - Flood hazard tations; 10- tations; 10- tations; 6- tations; 10- tatior.s; 6- limitations limitations Wt - Water Table 257 - Mod.; 157. - Mod.; 10%. - Plod.; 25% - Mod.; 10% - Mod.; Traf - Trafficability 25'Z+ - Sev. 15°!+ - Sev. l0'/.+ - Sev. 257+ - Sev. 197+ - Sev. 1/ Strtctures whose footings are in subsoil. Sh-Sw - Shrink -swell potential 2/ Reftrs to roads and streets that have subsoil fo-- R - Rock TS( - Ttaffic sul,porting cdpac!ty Abbreviations for depree of limitations: bast. Prrc - Percolation rate Prod - 'loductivity 3! Dep;nds on thickness of organic lager and acidit%. Cor -.Corrosion potential AWC - A:ailpbl.e water capacity Slt. - Slight ; Mod. - M>derace ; Sev. - Severe 4-9-30027 Lr - Lrosio,a hazard ,-a - _ow filtering action (low contrat cf fines) Geology and Ground Water Craven County is covered by sand and clay of Pleistocene • ages, which east of New Bern contains scattered shells. In the western part of the County the Pleistocene sediments are commonly less than 20 feet thick, but in the southeastern part they are somewhat thicker. Although the Yorktown formation underlies the surficial Pleistocene material in the area east of New Bern, it thins pro- gressively toward the west and has only scattered occurrences west of New Bern. The Yorktown is commonly composed of loose shells in a sand matrix, but in the vicinity of Cherry Point some beds of limestone are present. Beds of yellow to gray clay at shallow depths north of the Neuse River may belong to the Yorktown formation. The Castle Hayne limestone occurs near the surface in the western part of the County and slopes to the southeast at a rate slightly greater than does the land surface. As a result, near the Carteret County line the Castle Hayne lies beneath the York- town formation at a depth of more than 160 feet. The Castle Hayne varies greatly in lithology and in degree of consolidation. Beds of sand containing disseminated shell fragments, as well as beds of cream -color marl, are common. The character and age of the strata underlying the Castle Hayne limestone have been determined in only a few places. In the extreme northwest part of the County the contact between the • Castle Hayne and Peedee formation is near the surface, and may be exposed in the Neuse River near the Pitt County line. In the -94- central and eastern parts of the County a thin wedge of sand and calcareous marl of early Eocene age separates the Castle Hayne and Peedee formations. The Black Creek formation, underlying the Peedee, is buried so deeply, especially in the eastern part of the County, that it has been penetrated only by an oil test well. Three aquifers yield water to wells in Craven County. They are the surficial sand, the Peedee formation, and the limestone unit. Sand containing subordinate amounts of clay of Pleistocene age covers the surface of the County. The relatively flat topo- graphy and the looseness and high permeability of the sand result in a great infiltration capacity of the sand. In most places the water table lies less than 15 feet below the land surface; consequently, the installation of well points to obtain small domestic water supplies is common and relatively inexpensive. Sands of the Peedee formation furnish water to several drilled wells in the northwestern part of the County. Its impor- tance as an aquifer is limited eastward because of the presence of highly mineralized water in progressively younger beds toward the east.' South and east of New Bern the lower part, and perhaps all, of the Peedee contains salty water. To the west, near the Lenoir County line the underlying Black Creek formation, together with the Peedee, contains several beds of.sand. Wells drawing water from all the sand beds may yield as much as 1,000 GPM of fresh water. Salt water occurs in progressively younger beds of • the Black Creek formation eastward also, but since no wells have penetrated the Black Creek in the area west of New Bern it is -95- impossible to determine the extent of fresh water in that formation. The limestone unit is the most important aquifer in the area around New Bern, and southeastward. The Castle Hayne is the pre- dominant limestone, but limestone of the overlying Yorktown for- mation thickens eastward to such an extent that it forms a signi- ficant part of the unit in.that area. The great variation in lithology in the limestone unit requires consideration of the% proper type of well construction. In some places limestone is so poorly consolidated that wells produce sand unless the aquifer is screened. In other places, especially in the eastern part of the County, the limestone tends to be consolidated and open-end wells are generally satisfactory. Some beds in the limestone unit are more permeable than others and some wells, therefore, yield at a greater rate than nearby wells. The factor that limits the maximum development of ground water is the presence of salt water in deep -lying beds. Unfortunately wells have not been drilled deep enough to determine adequately the thickness of the deposits containing fresh water'lying on the deposits containing salt water. In Craven County `there are seven incorporated towns and cities. Five of these have water systems to serve their residents, those being New Bern, Cove City, Havelock, Vanceboro and Dover. The two remaining towns, Trent Woods and Bridgeton do not presently have a central system and must rely on domestic wells for their water supply. iThough there is a need for some type of water distribution -96- system countywide, at the present time, Craven County does not furnish such services. Domestic wells provide water for all county • residents outside the corporate limits of municipalities except in a few cases where residential subdivisions border municipal- ities furnishing a central water system and along the Neuse River east of New Bern in the area served by the Neuse River Water and Sewer Association. . In general, domestic wells are shallow due to the location of the water table. Shallow wells, especially in areas of dense development are easily contaminable. Though a central distribu- tion would be more costly than a shallow domestic well, it would guarantee a constant supply of potable water to those the system served. There are no water systems in Craven County which draw water from the Neuse River or other surface water bodies. Slope Craven County is a relatively flat Coastal Plains County sloping gradually from the western portion of the County where the elevation is.approximately 60 feet mean sea level to approaching sea level in eastern part of the County. For the most part this is a very gradual decrease in elevation toward the east. Naturally there are steeper slopes along the creeks and rivers although the major occurrence is in the Slocum Creek area extending east and west along the Neuse River. The ground level in the area is approximately 30 feet mean sea level and drops off very sharply • along the river, creek and stream banks in the area. This area is subject to strong erosional activities. The soil type coupled -97- with the existance of so many small streams and the erosional • forces in the area has caused the bisecting of this plateau. In general, Craven County can be considered to have typical eastern North Carolina topography, sloping gradually toward the east with low, floodable areas along the rivers and creeks. FRAGILE AREAS Coastal Wetlands. Coastal wetlands are defined as "any salt marsh or other marsh subject to regular or occasional flooding by tides, in- cluding wind tides; provided this shall not include hurricane or tropical storm tides. Salt marshland or other marsh shall be those areas upon which grow some, but not necessarily all, of the following salt marsh and marsh plant species: smooth or salt water Cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora); Black Needle- ruah (Juncus roemerianus); Glasswort (Salicornia spp.); Bulrush (Scirpus spp.); Saw Grass (Cladium jamaicense); Cat -Tail (Typha spp.); Salt -Meadow Grass (Spartina patens); and Salt Reed Grass (Spartina cynosuroides)." Wetlands may also include "such con- tinguous land as the Secretary of the Department of Natural and Economic Resources reasonably deems necessary to affect by any such order in carrying out the purpose set forth by the Coastal Resources Commission." Coastal wetlands are divided into two categories, Low Tidal Marshland and other Coastal Marshland. Low tidal marshlands are defined as marshlands consisting primarily of Spartina alterni- • flora and usually subject to inundation by the normal rise and O'er fall of lunar tides. Marshlands other than low tidal are defined as all other marshland which is not low tidal marshlands and which • contains the species of vegetation mentioned in the first paragraph. Craven County has a small amount of wetlands within its boundaries probably none of which should be considered low tidal wetlands. These upper marshes have a variety of vegetative cover and provide an important link in the estuarine flood chain as well as providing wildlife habitats to a variety of animals and birds. The dense vegetation also provide an effective sediment trap to prevent excessive pollution of streams and creeks from erosional activities. Moving from west to east in Craven County here are several marshland sites west of New Bern on the Neuse River. There is one site along the Trent River near its mouth. Several marshland areas exist near the mouth of Upper Broad Creek and in its upper waters. 'There are two sites on Tucker Creek, one at its mouth and one in the upper waters. Tucker Creek is just west of Cherry Point Marine Air Station. There are a number of areas along Hancock Creek as well as Clubfoot Creek in their upper waters. These Creeks lie to the east of Cherry Point. Finally there are several sites adjacent to the Neuse River to the eastern county line. These marshlands should be designated as wildlife areas and preserved as such. No use should be permitted that will modify • the function that these areas have in the natural environment. -99- CJ Estuarine Waters Estuarine• waters are defined ir. G.S. 113-229 (n) (2) as, "all the water of the Atlantic Ocean within the boundary of North Caro- lina and all the waters of the bays, sounds, rivers, and tributaries thereto seaward of the dividing line between coastal fishing waters and inland fishing waters, as set forth in an agreement adopted by the Wildlife Resources Commission and the Department of Conserva- tion and Development filed with the Secretary of State entitled 'Boundary Lines, North Carolina Commercial Fishing Inland Fishing Waters; revised March 1, 1965," or as it may be subsequently re- vised by the Legislature. Estuarines are among the most productive natural environments of North Carolina. They not only support valuable commercial and sports fisheries, but are also utilized for commercial navigation, recreation, and aesthetic purposes. Species dependent upon estuaries such as menhaden, shrimp, flounder, oysters and crabs make up over 90 percent of the total value of North.Carolina's commercial catch. These species must spend all or some part of their life cycle in the estuary. The high level of commercial and sports fisheries and the aesthetic appeal of Coastal North Carolina is dependent upon the protection and sustained quality of our estuarine areas. Estuarine waters in Craven County consist of the Neuse River and Trent Rivers beginning at'`•thdlrailroad bridges which cross. each river to New Bern. The major creeks of the lower Neuse River are also included as estuarine waters. These waters are easily distinguished on the County's Potential AEC map. -100- Public Trust Waters Areas such as waterways and lands under or flowed by tidal • waters or navigable waters, to which the g public may have rights of access or public rights and areas which the State of North Carolina may be authorized to preserve, conserve, or protect under Article XIV, Section 5, of the North Carolina Constitution. All waters of the Atlantic Ocean and the lands thereunder from the mean high water mark to the seaward limit of State jurisdiction; all natural bodies of water subject to measurable lunar tides and lands thereunder to the mean high water mark; all navigable natural bodies of water and lands thereunder to the mean high water mark or ordinary high water mark as the case may be, except privately owned lakes to which the public has no right of access; all waters in artificially created bodies of water in which exists significant public fishing resources or other public resources, which are accessible to the public by navigation from bodies of water in which the public has rights of navigation; all waters in artificially created bodies of water in which the public has acquired rights by prescription, custom, usage, dedica- tion or any other means. In determining whether the public has acquired rights in artificially created bodies of water, the following factors shall be considered: (i) the use of the body of water by the public; (ii) the length of time the public has used the area; (iii) the value of public resources in the body of water; (iv) whether the public resources in the body of water are mobile to the extent that they can move into natural bodies of • water; (v) whether the creation of the artificial body of water required permission from the State; and (vi) the value of the body -101- of water to the public for navigation from one public area to • another public area. For purposes of the above description, the following defini- tions shall apply: (1) Mean High Water Mark means the line on the shore esta- blished by the average of all high tides. It is esta- blished by survey based on available -tidal datum. In the absence of such datum, the mean high water mark shall be determined by physical markings or comparison of the -area in question with an area having similar physical characteristics for.which tidal datum is readily available. (2) Navigable means navigable -in -fact. (3) Navigable -in -fact means capable of being navigated in its natural condition by the ordinary modes of naviga- tion including modes of navigation used for recreational purposes. The natural.condition of a body of water for purposes of determining navigability shall be the condition of the body of water at mean high water or ordinary high water.as the case may be, and the condition of the body of water without man-made obstructions and without temporary natural obstructions. Temporary natural conditions such as water level fluctuation and temporary natural obstructions which do not permanently or totally prevent navigation do not make an otherwise navigable stream non -navigable. (4) Ordinary High Water Mark means the natural or clear line impressed on the land adjacent to the waterbody. It may he es+- hushed by erosion or other easily recognized characteristics juch as shelving, change in the character of the soil,-uestruction of terrestrial vegetation or its inability to grow, the presence of litter and debris, or other appropriate means which consider -the character- istics of the surrounding area. The ordinary high water mark does not extend beyond the well defined banks of a river where such banks exist. Lands within Craven County which meet the descriptive require- ments of public trust waters are found throughout the County. Each individual site must therefore bejudged on its own circumstances. • Major stream classifications and water quality standards -102- assigned to the waters of Craven County by the Division of En- vironmental.Management, Department of Natural and Economic Resources • are shown in the following table. • -103- i • TABLE 25 MENTORY OF STREMLS Name of Water Location Size Description of Water Present Use ease River Tributary to Pamlico 3 4 miles 3,000 T Tidal. Warm water, Classi- Woodland, cropland, fran a point at Wilkey- Sound. fied SC. light industry, on Point and Cherry pasture land. oint to Pitch Kettle) Buse River Tributary to Pamlico 8 miles/200' Continuous flow. Warm Woodland, cropland, fran Pitch Kettle Creek Sound. water. Classified C. Pasture land. o Lenoir County line) euse River Tributary to Pamlico 7 miles/3miles Tidal. Warn water. Classi- Woodland, Cropland, from Adams Creek to Sound. fied SB. :marsh. ilkerson Point dams Creek Tributary to Neuse 5 miles/2000' Tidal. Warm water. Woodland, cropland, fran Neuse River to River Classified SA. marsh. arteret County line) ack Creek Tributary to Adams 2 miles/1000' Tidal. Warm water. Woodland, cropland, from Adams Creek to Creek. Classified SA. marsh. arteret line) one Creek Tributary to Neuse 1 mile/300' Tidal. Warm water. Woodland, cropland, fran Neuse River River Classified SA. marsh. o SR-1700) Lubfoot Creek Tributary to Neuse 3 miles/500' Tidal. Warn water. Woodland, cropland, fran Neuse River to River. Classified SA. marsh. arteret County li„^) -104- INVENTORY OF STREAMS Name of Water Location Size 1/ Description of Water Present Use 2 3 Hancock Creek Tributary to Neuse 6 miles/270' Tidal. Warn water. Woodland, cropland, River at River Mile 1. Classified SC. marsh. Access via Cahoogue Creek from ramp at end of SR-1717 Cahoogue Creek -Tributary to I1ancock 4 miles/90' Tidal. Warn water. Woodland, cropland, Creek at River Mile 1. Classified SC. marsh. Access via launching ramp at end of SR-1717. SlocLun Creek Tributary to Neuse 5 miles/300' Tidal. Warm water. Woodland, cropland, (mouth to US-70 bridgel River at River Mile 5. Classified SC. marsh, light industry. Access at US-70 bridge. Tucker Creek Tributary to Slocizn 3 miles/200' Tidal. Warm water. Woodland, cropland, Creek at River Mile 1. Classified SC. marsh. Access via Neuse River and Slociun Creek. SlocLun Creek Tributary to Neuse 5 miles/1' Continuous flow. Warm Woodland, cropland. US-70 bridge to origin River. Virtually water. Classified SC. at Lake Ellis) inaccessible. Within Croatan National Forest. Upper Broad Creek Tributary to Neuse 8 miles/250' Tidal. Warn water. Woodland, cropland, (Mouth to NC-55 bridge) River at River Mile 9. Classified SC. marsh. Access at end of SR-1103 -105- • INVENTORY OF STREAMS Name of Water Location Size 1/ Description.of Water2/3/ Present Use Upper Broad Creek Tributary to Neuse 10 miles/20' Intermittent flow. Warm Woodland, cropland. (NC-55 bridges to origin River. Access at water. Classified C. NC-55 and SR-1128 bridges. `Torthwest Creek Tributary to Neuse 2 miles/400' Tidal. Warm water. Classi- Woodland. River. fied SC. Trent River Tributary to Neuse 2 miles/900' Tidal. Warm water. Classi- Woodland, cropland. (mouth to Brice's Creek River at River Mile 4. fied SC. Access at New Bern Municipal Access area at the confluence with Neuse River, at the end of SR-1222, and at the end of SR-1146. Trent River Tributary to.Neuse 12 miles/300' Tidal. Warm water. Classi- Woodland, cropland. (Brice's Creek to river. Access at fied SB. US-17 bridge) end of SR-1222 and at US-17 bridge at Pollocksville. Brice Creek Triburary to Trent 13 miles/40' Continuous flow. Warm Woodland, cropland. River at River Mile 2. water. Classified C. Access at SR-1101, SR-1111, and SR-1143 bridges and at ramp near SR-1004 bridge Ba=chelders Tributary to Neuse 5 miles/45' Continuous flow. Warm Woodland, cropland. (Bachelor) Creek River at River Mile 22. water. Classified E, (mouth to NC-55 bridge) Access at ramp at SR-1401 -106- • 0 INVENTORY OF STREAMS Name of Water Location Size Description of Water Present Use 1/ 2/,3/ Batchelders Tributary to Neuse 8 miles/15' Intermittent flow. Warm Woodland, cropland (Bachelor) Creek River. Access at water. Classified D. (NC-55 bridge to source) US-70, SR-1124, and SR-1126 bridges. Swift Creek (mouth to SR-1440 bridge) Tributary to Neuse 10 miles/150' Tidal. Warm water. Classi- Woodland, cropland, River at River Mile 23. fied SC. marsh. Access at ramp near SR-1440 bridge. Swift Creek (SR-1440 bridge to source) Tributary to Neuse 35 miles/50' Continuous flow. Warm Woodland, cropland. River. Access at water, Classified D, NC-118,SR-1144, and SR-1478 bridges. Little Swift Creek Tributary to Swift 16 miles/12' Continuous flow. Warm water Woodland, cropland, Creek at River Mile 3. Classified C. pasture. Access at US-17, SR-1622, SR-1623, SR-1624, and SR-1627 bridges Palmetto Swamp Tributary to Swift 7 miles/15' Continuous flow, Warm Woodland, cropland, Creek, at River Mile 16. water, Classified C, pasture. Access at US-17, NC-43, and SR-1641 bridges. Clayroot Swamp Tributary to Swift 12 miles/6' Continuous flow. Warm water Woodland, cropland, Creek at River Mile 20. Classified D. pasture, Access at NC-43 and SR-1476 briges. -107- • • INVENTORY OF STREAMS Name of Water Location Size Description of Water Present Use 1/ 2/,3/ Pitch Kettle Creek Tributary to Neuse 2 miles/30' Continuous flow.. Warm Woodland, cropland. River at Pitch Kettle water. Classified C. landing on SR-1449 and SR-1440. Core Creek Tributary to Neuse 5 miles/50' Continuous flow. Warm water Woodland, cropland, (From mouth to NC-55 River. Access at Classified C. pasture. bridge) NC-55 and US-70 Core Creek Tributary to Neuse 12 miles/15' Continuous flow. Warm Woodland, cropland, (NC-55 bridge to origin) River. Access at water, Classified D. pasture. NC-55, US-70, SR-1001, and SR-1245. -108- • • l/ Length/Width 2/ Information furnished by Board of Water and Air Resources, Department of Water and Air Resources, Raleigh, North Carolina, in their booklet "Rules, Regulations, Classifications and Water Quality Standards Applicable to the Surface Waters of North Carolina". 3/ A brief explanation of the best usage as adapted by the State Stream Sanitation Committee on November 19, 1953, and filed in the Office of the Secretary of State of North Carolina for which the waters in each class must be protected is given as follows: Fresh Waters Class A -I - Suitable as source of water supply for drinking, culinary, or food processing purposes after treatment by approved disinfection only, and any other usage requiring waters of lower quality. Class A -II - Suitable as source of water supply for drinking, culingary, or food processing purposes after approved treatment equal to coagulation, sedimentation, filtration, and disinfections, etc., and any other usage requiring waters of lower quality. Class B - Suitable for outdoor bathing and any other usage requiring waters of lower quality. Class C - Suitable for fishing and fish propagation, and any other usage requiring waters of lower quality. Class D - Suitable for agriculture and for industrial cooling and process water after treatment by the user as amy be required under each particular circumstance. Tidal Salt Water Class SA - Suitable for shellfishing for market purposes and any other usage requiring water of lower quality. Class SB - Suitable for bathing and any other usage except shellfishing for market purposes. Class SC - Suitable for fishing and any other usage except bathing and shellfishing for market purposes. -109- Name of Water Location Size Description of Water Present Use 1. Great Lake Ten miles west of 2900 Acres Water level fluctuates very Publicly owned. Hunting Havelock. little. Warm water. -- ducks. 2. Ellis Lake Eight miles west of 1520 Acres Water level fluctuates very Privately owned. Fishing Havelock. little. Warm water. -- bass or bream. Hunting -- ducks. 3. Long Lake Eight miles west of 1200 Acres Water level fluctuates very Publicly owned. Hunting Havelock. little. Warm water. -- ducks 4. Little Lake Eight miles west of 500 Acres Water level fluctuates very Privately owned. Fishing Havelock. little. Warm water. -- bass or bream. Hunting -- ducks. 5. Catfish Lake Eight miles west of 400 Acres Water level fluctuates very Publicly owned. Hunting Croatan Forest little. Warm water. -- ducks. 6. Joe Hughes Pond Four miles northwest 14 Acres Water level fluctuates very Privately owned. Fishing of havelock. little. Warm water. -- bass or bream. —110— C Complex Natural' Areas Complex natural areas are defined as lands that support native plant and animal communities and provide habitat conditions or characteristics that have remained essentially unchanged by human activity. Such areas are surrounded by landscapes that have been modified but that do not drastically alter the conditions within the natural areas or their scientific or educational value. Such areas will be determined by the Commission, after consider- ation of written reports or testimony of compentent experts, to be rare within a county or to be of particular scientific or educational value. Complex natural areas in Craven County have been identified primarily within Croatan National Forest. Other areas including bottom lands along the Neuse River and areas within the pocosins exist, but have not been sufficiently identified and mapped to date. Areas that Sustain Remnant Species Areas that sustain remnant species are those places that support native plants or animals, rare or endangered, within the coastal area. Such places provide habitat conditions necessary for the survival of existing populations or communities of rare or endangered species within the County. -.Determination will be by the Commission based upon accepted lists published by the State or Federal Government and written reports or testimony of competent experts indicating that a species is rare or endangered within the coastal area. Rare and endangered vertebrates are listed and include those listed by the State Department of Natural and Economic Resources -111- • as rare, endangered, or undetermined for North Carolina coastal areas. Fish Carolina madtom (Noturus furiosus) Endangered Neuse River waterdog (Necturus lewisi) Rare Bridle shiner (Notropis bifrenatus) Undetermined Reptiles American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) Eastern diamon rattlesnake (Crotalus adamanteus) Birds Brown pelican (Pelecanus accidentalis) Gull -billed tern (Gelochelidon nilotica) Bald eagle (Haliaeetus levcocephalus) Endangered Red -cockaded woodpecker (Dendrocopus borealis) Endangered Yellow rail (Coturnicops noveboracenis) Rare Black rail (Laterallus jamaicensis) Rare Turkey vulture (Cathartes aura) Undetermined Black vulture (Coragyps atratus) Undetermined Cooper's hawk (Accipiter cooperii) Undetermined Red -shouldered hawk (Buteo lineatus) Undetermined Osprey (Pandion haliaetus) Undetermined Red-headed woodpecker (Melanerpes erythrocephalus) Undetermined Eastern bluebird (Sialia sialis) Undetermined Swainson's warbler (Limnothlypis swainsonii) Undetermined Bachman's sparros (Aimophila aestivalis) Undetermined Identifiable areas within Craven County which sustain remnant species are small stands of old pine trees in Croatan National Forest -112- which provide habitat of Red Cockaded Woodpeckers. These sites are limited to several acres or less and are currently being • identified and mapped by the U. S. Forest Service. Areas Containing Unique Geological Formations Areas containing unique geological formations will be identi- fied by the State Geologist. These places contain surface or '';near surface formations that are either themselve's uniq�le or are especially unusual or notable examples of geologic formations or processes in the coastal area. Areas within Craven County containing unique geological formations are a marine molluscan sit�',of Miocene Age near Spring Garden, a site of Pleistocene cypre's stumps approximately 10 miles south of New Bern along the Neuse River, and a Neuse River exposure of Trent Limestone also near Spring Garden. Historic Sites Defined as historic places that are listed, or have been approved for listing by the North Carolina Historical Commission, a in the*National Register of Historic Places pursuant to the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966; historical, archaeo- logical, and other places and properties owned, managed, or assisted by the State of North Carolina pursuant to G.S. 121; and properties or areas that are designated by the Secretary of the Interior as National Historic Landmarks. Craven County has two sites in the county planning jurisdic- tion which are included in the National Register of Places. t$ellair, north of the junction of S.R. 1401 and S.R. 1419 and Clear Springs Plantation of N.C. near Jasper. -113- i AREAS WITH RESOURCE POTENTIAL • Productive Agriculture Lands Productive farmland is generally defined as land suited and available for producing food, forage, fiber, and oilseed crops. Examples of productive farmland are cropland, pastureland, range- land, forest land and other land that is not urban built-up or water. Productive farmland has the soil quality, growing season and moisture supply needed to economically produce significant and sustained crop yields when treated and managed according to modern farming methods, including water management. Unique farmland, in addition to other productive farmland is land that is suited and available for the production of specific high -value food and fiber crops. Examples of such crops are citrus, olives, cranberries, fruit and vegetables. Productive farmland areas can be identified and located by interpreting modern detailed soil maps published by agencies such as the USDA Soil Conservation Service. i However, a modern detailed soil map has not been completed for Craven County. Only a generalized soil map is available for general planning only. The map showing soil association is useful to persons who want a general idea of the soils of an area, or who want to compare different parts of a •county or the region, or who want to know the locations of large tracts that are suitable for a certain kind of land use. It is not a suitable map for the planning or the management of a specific farm, or a field, because the soils -114- in any one association ordinarily differ in slope, drainage, depth, and other characteristics that could effect their manage- ment. Each soil association outlined on a general soil map is meant for general planning rather than a basis for decisions on the use of a specific tract. Soil associations may be designated into soil management groups ranging from soils with slight limita- tions to severe limitations if used as agricultural farmland. The Soil Associations in Craven County are listed with limita- tions on pages 85-91. The general soils map on 92 should be consulted when locating the associations in Craven County. Potentially Valuable Mineral Sites Craven County has surface deposits of sand, loam, and peat of Pleistocene to recent age. The eastern part is about at sea level, and it rises gradually to the west and north to about 60 feet. In the western part, under the Pleistocene, is Trent Miocene and in the eastern part is Castle Hayne Eocene. Marl has been dug in the area between Riverdale and Croatan. At Riverdale it was underlain by an oyster shell bed along Slocum Creek, at Shell Slough on the Neuse. Exposures occur on the banks of the Neuse behind the first old school past James City and east of U.S. Route 70. These marls are all Pleistocene and, although spotty and often quite variable in amount of lime, might be of local use. • Marl is irregularly exposed along the southwest bank of the Neuse River from just east of Fort Barnwell to the Bridge at -115- C • Streets Ferry. There marls are all more or less sandy and are either Trent, Castle Hayne, or Yorktown Miocene. In 1912, the Chemical Lime Company of New Bern had a.plant on the north bank of the Trent River at the mouth of Wilson Creek where they made hydrated lime and later just ground marl. It shut down in April 1912. The pits showed marls averaging 90 percent calcium carbonate with an average thickness of 21 feet. Marl pits have in the past been operated near Fort Barnwell, Epworth, Wintergreen, Jasper and Core Creek. Present mining operations are: Firm Martin Marietta Aggregates Atlantic Farms -Joint Venture New Bern Building Supply Operation New Bern Quarry Craven County Mine Sand Pit Product Crushed Stone Lime Sand Detailed information on possible mining sites is difficult to -obtain. The most accurate sources are companies whose business is mining and therefore treat future possible sites as confidential information. Publicly -Owned Lands Croatan National Forest is one of four National Forests in North Carolina. It is the most "coastal" of any National Forest in the eastern United States, being adjacent to, or close to, the waters of the Atlantic Ocean on the southern and northeastern sides. Its total area is 155,000 acres. The name "Croatan" is derived from the Algonkian Indian word for the "council town" that was located in the area. -116- The coastal environment provides an almost year -long recrea- tion season, and is specially favored by those who enjoy fishing, • boating, and swimming. Three recreation areas are available that provide facilities for a day's outing or for longer visits by campers. The Croatan has many unusual attractions, some of which are unique to this National Forest. The unusual include many species of animal, bird, and plant life seldom seen elsewhere. Unique to this Forest are the areas of pocosins, and at least one plant species. Several unusual plant species thrive in the areas of the pocosins. The Venus fly trap (Dionaea muscipula), for example, occurs only in the east Coastal Plain, and in'no other National Forest. It has leaves that are able to close on and entrap insects, which the plant then digests. Another plant, the shrub Zenobia, is found only in pocosin areas. Wildlife on the Croatan National Forest provides pleasure for hunters of game birds and animals, and excellent opportunities for those who love to see and study the wild creatures. Animal life includes deer, black bear, turkey, squirrel, quail, rabbits, and raccoons, all of which can be hunted under North Carolina State Game Regulations. Muskrat, mink, and otter are also fairly common. Reptiles, of various kinds, are a part of these forest and coastal environments. The largest and probably the most awesome is the alligator, a rather retiring resident of the deep swamps and waterways. More troublesome would be the poisonous reptile • species; cottonmouth moccasin, canebrake.rattler, eastern diamond- back rattler, pygmy rattler, and copperhead. -117- The Croatan is on the Atlantic flyway of migratory birds, including ducks and geese. Its creeks, bays, swamps, marshes, • and pocosins provide habitat for many types of birdlife. Bird watchers may see egrets, fly catchers, woodpeckers, hawks, wood- cocks, owls, and many.other species. Several rare species of birds, including the bald eagte and peregrine falcon, are seen occasionally. A common resident of Croatan is the osprey or fish hawk. Timber is grown, harvested, and regrown on a planned pro- gram of sustained yield. This means that only as much wood is removed as is grown, or less if foresters wish to build up the particular stands of timber. The result is an unending yield of vital wood products from forests that are, all the while, actually improving in quality, quantity, and value. All timber removed from National Forests is harvested by private individuals or companies in the wood industry who bid competitively. The Forest Service directs which trees are to be cut, and how. Some stands of timber are not cut at all, but reserved for other purposes. Several stands of virgin pond pine and cypress are set aside as examples of the old growth that once covered large areas. One stand of longleaf pine contains individual trees that date back to the Revolutionary War. A notable in- dividual of this group has been named the "General George." Some old -growth stands are preserved as habitat for the red- cockaded,woodpecker, one of the species of wildlife currently on the endangered list. -118- Other publicly owned lands used, for recreation purposes are limited to city parks and facilities associated with school • systems. Craven County does not have any lands which are directly used for non -intensive recreation purposes. Privately -Owned Wildlife Sanctuaries Lands which fall into this category are owned by one of the large paper companies and a few individual land holders. These lands should not be considered true sanctuaries since most are used as private hunting grounds. -119- 0 • Be CAPACITY OF COMMUNITY FACILITIES —121— L� Water and Sewer Service Areas The following is an index of existing water and sewer service areas in Craven County. Public Service areas: City of New Bern City of Havelock Town of Cove City Town of Dover Town of Vanceboro Neuse River Water and Sewer Association Riverbend Plantation (PUD) Treasure Cove (PUD) Sewer Systems: Cherry Point MCAS Flanners Beach Camping area Havelock Havelock Water Plant New Bern Pepsi -Cola Bottling Company Treasure Cove Weyerhaeuser Company Capacity and Use of Public Water Systems: New Bern Capacity 6,000,000 ADC 3,400,000 Well (s) (3) 2,000,000 Storage 1,000,000 300,000 1,000,000 4,000,000 Havelock Capacity ADC Well (s) Storage Cove City Capacity ADC Well (s) Storage GPD Proposed future P.W. Elevated Ground @ wells Ground proposed @ wells N/A 27,425 G Same as New Bern N/A -122- Dover Capacity 504,000 • ADC 32,900 Storage 251000 • Vanceboro Capacity 250,000 ADC 40,000 Well (s ) (2 ) 150 Storage 100,000 Neuse River Water and Sewer Association Capacity ADC Well (s ) Storage River Bend Plantation GPD G G (ground tank) GPD G GPM G (elevated) N/A 133,000 G Same as New Bern 500,000 G Capacity N/A ADC N/A Well (s ) 150 GPM Storage N/A Treasure Cove Capacity N/A ADC N/A Well (s ) 150 GPM Storage 5,000 G -123- Waste Treatment Faciiities • Cherry Point MCAS Design capacity: 3.54 MGD Current flow: 3.0 MGD Receiving stream: Slocum Creek (SC-Swp) Treatment: trickling filter, aerated polishing Adequacy: needs upgrading Flanners Beach.Camping Area Design capacity: 0.01 MGD Current flow: less than 0.01 MGD Receiving stream: Tributary to Otter Creek Treatment: extended aeration Adequacy: needs upgrading Havelock Design capacity: 0.5 MGD Current flow: 0.47 MGD Receiving stream: East Prong Slocum Creek (SC-Swp) Treatment: contact stabilization, chlorination Adequacy: upgrading and expansion planned Havelock Water Plant Design capacity: 0.04 MGD Current flew: less than 0.04 MGD Receiving stream: Southwest Prong Slocum Creek (C Swp) Treatment: settling Adequacy: adequate New Bern Design capacity: 4.04 MGD Current flow: 3.5 MGD Receiving stream: Neuse River (SC-Swp) Treatment: trickling filter Adequacy: upgrading being considered in 201 Plan Pepsi -Cola Bottling Company Design capacity: 0.045 MGD Current flow: 0.03 MGD Receiving stream: Wilson's Creek Treatment: extended aeration, filtration Adequacy: adequate but has operational problems Treasure Cove Design capacity: 0.05 MGD • Current flow: 0.0005 MGD Receiving stream: Upper Broad Treatment: extended aeration, Adequacy: adequate Creek (SC) solids settling, chlorination -124- Weyerhaeuser Company • Design capacity:35.0 MGD - Current flow: 30 MGD Receiving stream.• Neuse River (SC Swp) Treatment: clarification, aeration, stabilization. Adequacy: adequate • -125- COMMUNITY FACILITIES PLAN • Introduction • The purpose of a Community Facilities Plan is to determine the general adequacy of existing public facilities and services and to determine what is needed, both at present and within the planning period (next 10 years). The term "community facilities" includes those functions and services financed or supported pri- marily by public funds and which require extensive capital out- lay and a responsible administrative organization. Primary at- tention is given to those facilities and services for which the Craven County Government is responsible. However, other services and facilities of a public nature will also be evaluated so that their relationship may be better understood and so that a com- prehensive view of all public services and facilities may be pre- sented in the Community Facilities Plan. "Under present allocations, the County is the level of gov- ernment to which the General Assembly has assigned functional re- sponsibility for operating schools, conducting elections, housing the State's system of lower courts and their records, maintaining property ownership and mortgage records, enforcing much of the State's criminal law, administering public health and public wel- fare programs, and carrying on State programs designed to promote the development of agriculture. Some of these functions are the responsibility of the Board of County Commissioners, and some are assigned to other boards with varying relationships to the Board *Coltrane, George A., Ed. County Government in North Carolina Institute of Government, The University of North Carolina, Feb.,1965. -126- of County Commissioners. Thus, apart from the role played by the Commissioners in any of these fields, it is the policy of the • State to make extensive use of its counties in carrying out a large number of essential governmental operations".* The above helps explain the purpose and importance of the Community Facilities Plan as a part of the County's overall plan- ning program. The Community Facilities Plan, together with the Public Improvements Program and Capital Improvements Budget, should provide a guide for the county's major capital expendi- tures in the coming years. Craven County Courthouse and Office Facilities The Craven County Courthouse is located along with the Coun- ty Jail and Tax Office building on a 36,000 square foot site at the corner of Craven and Broad Streets in New Bern. The Court- house was constructed in 1883 and since that time has undergone several minor renovations including interior and exterior re- modeling in 1958. The Courthouse structure includes a partial basement, two full floors, a partial third floor and attic space. Altogether, there is approximately 17,000 square feet of usable floor space with approximately 7,000 square feet being used for county government offices and the remaining space (approximately 10,000 square feet) being used for courtrooms and court related offices. The following is a summary of uses by floors: Basement- Restrooms Storage space • Civil Division Office of Superior Court Part of Register of Deeds Office -127- 1st Floor Tax Collector's Office • Accounting Offices Secretary -Reception area Clerk of Superior Court Office Criminal Division Office of Superior Court Tax Foreclosure Department Office Auditor's Office Commission Meeting Room Register of Deeds Office 2nd Floor Main Courtroom Grand Jury Room Four Court Consultation Rooms Law Library Room 3rd Floor Small Court Room Attic Used for record storage Although the existing courthouse is sound in structure there is a critical shortage of office space. The County is now leasing four separate office facilities in New Bern and, in addition, the Tax Supervisor's offices are located in a separate building be- hind the county jail. Also, the old St. Lukes Hospital building is being used by the County Health Department, Department of So- cial Services and the Office of Civil Defense. In past years and even more so in recent years, the administra- tive courts of North Carolina have required more space and facili- ties. The court related office facilities in the existing court- house are totally inadequate and there is no room for expansion without moving existing county offices out of the courthouse. Counties throughout the State are being pressured by tax pay- ing citi;ens to provide new and expanded public services. Craven County is no exception. In 1972 the County hired a full-time Re- creation Director to supervise recreation services in the County. The Department is currently housed in the Health -Social Services -128- 41 annex. The County Fire Marshal is located in the annex building also. Altogether the County is expending $8,520 annually to lease county government office facilities and parking spaces from pri- vate owners. And, as was pointed out, if the County is to pro- vide adequate government -services in the future, additional office space will have to be made available. Recommendations It was noted that existing court related facilities in the Craven County Courthouse are inadequate to meet present needs. It is also apparent that additional space will be required to meet future needs of the Administrative Courts. At the same time, county government office facilities are inadequate to meet present needs and there will likely be an increasing demand for office space in the future. The present site of the Craven County Courthouse is not suf- ficient to permit significant expansion, and it is doubtful if extensive expansion of the existing facility would be economically feasible or otherwise practical. It is therefore recommended: 1) The County construct a new county government office building to house existing county offices located in the Courthouse and all other county offices now located in privately owned facilities. The new office building should also provide space for the County Health Depart- ment, Department of Social Services, and Office of Civil • Defense which are now located in the old St. Luke's Hospital building, and for the Craven County Sheriff's -129- Department which is now located in the Craven County • Jail facility. Consideration should also be given to locating offices of the United States Department of Agriculture offices in the new office building. 2) To ensure the long-range adequacy of a new county office building, both from a standpoint of space de- sign and site location, the County Board of Commis- sioners should appoint a "site selection -design com- mittee". The appointed committee should make an in- depth study of (1) the present and long-range needs of County government as to office space and facili- ties and to determine those county offices to be lo- cated in the new county office building; (2) estimated construction costs; (3) potential sites; and (4) poten- tion revenue sources for construction. It is further recommended that the "site selection -design committee" be comprised of at least two members of the County Board of Commissioners, two members of the County Planning Board, two county citizens selected at large and at least one existing county department head. 3) The County owns approximately 38 acres of land in the vicinity of, and on which the Craven County Hospital is located. A county office building would be in compat- ible surroundings in this area as well as highly ac- cessible to the public. It is estimated that with pro- jected needed expansion of medical facilities on this • site there will remain a minimum of 12 acres that would -130- be available for the location of a.county office building and parking facilities. It is therefore • recommended that serious consideration be given by the "site selection -design committee" for the loca- tion of a county office building and the development of a governmental -medical complex on this existing 38 acre site. 4) It is recommended that after completion of a new county office building the existing county court- house be renovated and used primarily to house the North Carolina Administrative Courts and related offices. PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE Craven County Health Department The Craven County Health Department is located in the old St. Lukes Hospital building on the corner of Broad and George Streets in New Bern. The department occupies the entire first floor, and a part of the basement area. The building also houses the Social Services Department and Office of Civil Preparedness. Services provided by the Health Department include: ortho- pedic, cancer, maternity, chest, eye and general medical clinics; child health services; family planning; venereal disease treat- ment; glaucoma and tuberculosis screening; immunizations and supportive laboratory and x-ray services. In addition, the En- vironmental Health Division of the Health Department functions to 0 ensure minimum standards of health protection and provides the citizens of Craven County,through scheduled.visual and bacterio- -131- logical inspections of local good preparation facilities, water treatment and sewage disposal facilities, solid waste collection and disposal, and by constantly monitoring environmental con- ditions in the County. The department also maintains records on vital statistics and provides a program of health education in the County. A 200 bed "Packaged Disaster Hospital" which is located in the Parkway Shopping Center on Neuse Boulevard is supervised by the Craven County Health Department. The emergency hospital facility can be used in any disaster situation to supplement the facilities of the Craven County Hospital. The facility can also be set up in the J. T. Barber Junior High School close by. Staff of the Health Department includes the Director, 11 registered nurses, 1 licensed practical nurse, 1 nurses aide, 8 environmentalists, 2 dog wardens, 10 clerks, 3 laboratory tech- nicians, 1 x-ray technician, a dentist and dental assistant, a health educator, a janitress and a health aide, 8 solid waste employees, 4 survey technicians, and 1 rodent control technician. The present facilities occupied by the Health Department are inadequate. Building design does not permit efficient use of space and the }eating, cooling and electrical systems are anti- quated. Air condition units have to be operated during winter months to combat overheating of many areas in the building. Even with maximum use of existing space, offices are still cramped and crowded. • Lack of parking facilities poses yet another problem. -132- There is not enough parking for staff alone and none is pro- vided for patients. For a county to get the most benefit from • preventive services, such as those provided by the County Health Department, these services must reach the people. Lack of park- ing facilities presents a severe handicap in this respect. Recommendations The priority of the Craven County Health Department is a larger, more comfortable and convenient physical facility. If the Department remains in the existing facility a choice will have to be made as to whether larger numbers of people are to be seen for more limited services -- a choice which could have extremely detrimental effects on the health and well-being of the people of Craven County -- or whether a limited number of people are to receive the services which are provided by the Health Department -- a choice which could have equally deleter- ious effects on the health and well-being of the people of Cra- ven County. It is therefore recommended that new physical facil- ities be provided to house the Craven County Health Department. It has been recommended that a new county office building be constructed to house county government offices and departments. Design and construction of a new county office building should include facilities for the County Health Department. Craven County Hospital The Craven County Hospital is located on Neuse Boulevard in New Bern. The hospital facility is owned by Craven County and • is leased to the Craven"County Hospital Corporation and its Board -133- of Directors. • The hospital is a modern four -floor brick structure which contains 128 patients rooms. There is a total of 186 patient beds with the following breakdown by use: pediatrics - 20; surgical - 34; obstetrics -gynecology - 40; intensive care - 6; coronary care - 5; and general medical care - 81. The hospital has a 3 room major operating suite and 2 minor surgery rooms. Plans have been approved for a 73 bed addition to the ex- isting hospital. The 73 beds will be divided among medical and surgical patients. Twenty-five psychiatric and detoxification beds were opened in September 1974. The Speech and Hearing Clinic opened in June 1975. It is anticipated that the addi- tional hospital rooms will be completed by 1976. Included in the building and renovation project will be the expansion of the emergency room, x-ray, physical therapy, central supply, pharmacy and operating room facilities. The total project in- cluding renovations is expected to take 33 months for completion. (1,000 days) Recommendations Based on revised population projections for Craven County, the existing hospital facility and proposed additions will ade- quately meet the patient bed space requirements over the next 10 years. (Parking is not adequate and there is ample room for future' expansion). • There is a total of 27 acres in the hospital site of which only approximately 16 acres will be occupied by the hospital -134- facility including proposed additions and expanded parking. Approx- imately 10 acres will remain for long --range future expansions. • It is not anticipated that the 12 acres adjacent to the hospital site, on which the Williams and West Memorial Home is presently located, will be required for future hospital expansion. It is therefore recommended that consideration by given to locating a new county office building on the 12 acre site adjacent to the hospital facility. No other specific recommendations are made concerning the hospital facility nor are any believed necessary at this time. Neuse Clinic -Mental Health Center Services provided by the Neuse Clinic included psychiatric and psychological evaluation, individual and group therapy, family therapy, play therapy and marriage counseling. The Mental Health Center serves Carteret, Jones and Pamlico Counties as well as Craven County. In 1972 the clinic counseled and worked with 924 patients, 564 of which were Craven County residents. Based on national statistics, if all who needed the services such as provided by the Neuse Clinic had received treat- ment, there would have been a total of 11,400 patients in the four county area during 1972. Lack of facilities obviously has prevented many who needed mental -health counseling from receiving such services. The new facilities, when completed, along with anticipated additional staff, will permit increased mental health counseling and care. It is also anticipated that services will be expanded to include in -patient care, partial hospitalization, classrooms for emotionally disturbed students, and dispensing of -135- medication. The 25 new hospital beds to be used for detoxifica- tion and psychiatric care in the new Mental Health Center, will help facilitate expanded mental health care services. It is anticipated that 70 additional staff members will be required over the next few years to meet the mental health needs of the four -county area served by Neuse Clinic. Approximately 15 staff members will be located in Carteret County, others will work in Jones and Pamlico Counties on a part-time basis, and additional members will be required to staff the new facility in Craven County. Funding of the Neuse Clinic is shared jointly by Craven, Jones, Pamlico and Carteret Counties as well as the State Depart- ment of Mental Health, limited patient fees, and Federal grants through the Neuse River Council of Governments. Recommendations Mental health care is as important to a community as is medical care. The County is encouraged to lend full support to the mission of the Neuse Clinic Mental Health Center and to. participate to the extent possible in developing vitally needed mental health programs in the County. No other recommendations are made at this time concerning the Neuse Clinic Mental Health Center, nor are any believed necessary. Craven County Department of Social Services • Main offices of the Craven County Department of Social Ser- vices are located in the old St. Lukes Hospital building at the corner of Broad and George Streets in New Bern. Other offices -136- and facilities of the Social Services Department include the Food Stamp Distribution Office, located at 417 Broad Street, and the • Craven Terrace Day Care Center on Roundtree Street which is leased on a rent-free basis, by the New Bern Housing Authority to the Social Services Department for operations. The main offices, which occupy the third and fourth floors of the old hospital building, utilize approximately 9,000 square feet of floor space. As was pointed out previously (see "Craven County Health Department"), the old hospital building is in a state of deterioration. Water seepage in the plaster, apparently from leaks in the roof, is a particular problem on the third floor. Offices are overcrowded and there is a lack of waiting room for people visiting the Social Services Department. Services rendered by the Craven County Department of Social Services can be separated into two major categories: 1) finan- cial assistance, and 2) social services. Financial assistance programs administered by the Social Services Department include Aid to the Aged, Aid to the Disabled, Aid to the Blind and Aid to Families with Dependent Children. The Social Services Department is also responsible for the admin- istration of the Medicaid Program of Medical Assistance. Another area of financial assistance is the food assistance program which, at this time, is the Food Stamp Program. The Social Services Department is also administering a small county funded Emergency Relief Program which includes: 1) General Assistance, 2) County . Physician Payments, and 3) County Hospitalization Payments. -137- social services provided by the Department consume the major- • ity of staff time and include Day Care Services for Children, Family Planning, Adoption Services, Foster Home Care for children including both placement of children and licensing and supervision of foster homes, Juvenile Probation Service for children found by the courts to be delinquent or pre -delinquent, and Juvenile Parole Services for those who are returned from the correctional schools on conditional release. The Department also provides child -parent counseling services, group work with children aimed at preventing juvenile delinquency, placement of children in child care institutions both of a specialized nature and general custodial care nature, and group work with children ages 6 through 12 in the two public housing projects in New Bern. Other social services provided by the Departmentinclude protective services for abused and neglected children including investigation, intervention, social work counseling with parents and, if nec- essary, initiating court action leading to custody. Adult social services provided by the Department include: protective services for adults who, because of physical or mental infirmity, need such services; emergency intervention with adults for psychiatric problems to get the adult and/or family in touch with appropriate mental health resources; group work with isolated elderly; services aimed at keeping the elderly or infirm adult in their own home including provision of attendant care; licensing and supervision of domiciliary care facilities within the County; placement services for elderly or disabled adults needing domi- ciliary care or skilled nursing home care including helping the elderly to adjust to the move into group care and working with -138- families around the problems the family encounters in such a situation. Rehabilitation services are provided by the staff,of the Social Services Department as well as through a cooperative agreement with the Vocational Rehabilitation Commission which has a Vocational Rehabilitation Counselor within the Department of Social Services. The Social Services Department has a total staff of 79 in- cluding 2 maintenance personnel. The principal source of revenue for the Social Services Department is from Federal funds derived from various grants which are mostly related to the Social Security Act. The U.S. Department of Agriculture provides funds .primarily for the Food Stamp Program. The next largest segment of funds in the overall program come from the State of North Carolina, primarily for assistance in the program of financial assistance as outlined previously, and in providing foster care for children. All other funds are provided by Craven County. Recommendations 1) The priority need of the Department of Social Services. is adequate and convenient physical facilities including ade- quate parking facilities: It is recommended that the Department be located in a new county office building when constructed, including the Food Stamp Distribution Office. 2) Consideration should be given to constructing a new "receiving home" to care for children committed to the custody. • of the Social Services Department by the courts. -139- PUBLIC SAFETY • Craven County Sheriff's Department The Craven County Sheriff's Department offices are located in the front of the County Jail building adjacent to the County Courthouse. The Department occupies three rooms in the building, with the Sheriff and Chief Deputy in one office and the dispatcher, radio equipment and secretary located in the second offices and the third room acting as a deputy room. The building was originally built in 1908 and later renovated in 1934. Although the building is essentially sound in structure there is a lack of space to adequately meet the needs of the department functions. There are 30 employees in the Sheriff's Department: 16 law enforcement officers, including the Sheriff; 5 dispatchers; 2 secretaries; 5 jailers; and two matrons. In addition to the main office in the County Jail building, the Department also maintains an office in Havelock. Working hour's of the daputies are split into two shifts, 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m., and from 7:00 p.m. to 3:00 a.m., with enough overlap to provide a minimum number of deputies on duty between the two shifts. Major equipment of the Sheriffs' Department includes a new radio dispatch system which is hooked in with all department patrol cars and county fire departments. The radio network will • eventually include"communication linkage with all municipal police departments in the County, Civil Preparedness, and some -140- surrounding county and municipal police departments. At present there are 11 patrol cars operating in the Sheriffs' Department, • all of which are equipped y radios. q pped with two-way A large portion of the Sheriff's Department's time is spent in serving warrants and in carrying out other duties and responsi- bilities of the civil law process. In the past few years the amount of time required of the sheriffs and deputies in the civil law process has increased to the point that it interferes with the criminal law enforcement responsibilities of the department. Recommendations 1) It is recommended that additional deputies be hired to increase the law enforcement force to 25 deputies by 1980. This would provide one deputy for approximately every 2,500 persons in the County which is considered a desirable standard. This should be done on an incremental basis over the next 5 years along with a revision in shifts to insure an adequate number of law enforcement personnel on duty at all times. 2) The Sheriff's Department should be located in the county office building, when built, with consideration given to allocat- ing adequate space for limited criminal laboratory facilities, training facilities, locker room and office space. 3) A system for replacing department patrol cars should be devised whereas a certain number of cars would be replaced each year. Normally it is most economical to replace police vehicles when they are approximately 60,000 miles and not more than 80,000 • miles of service. The addition of Sheriff's deputies will also require additional patrol cars. -141- Craven County Jail Facilities • The Craven County Jail is located adjacent to the County Courthouse on Broad Street in New Bern. The three floor -struc- ture (including basement) was originally built in 1908 and later completely renewed inside including cell blocks, cell bars, and doors, in 1934. The jail facility has an inmate capacity of 86 and quarters for five trustees. A radio surveillance system which covers all cells in the jail and is monitored by the jailer, was installed in January, 1973. Although some renovations and repair is needed in the jail facility (lighting, jailers offices, and visitation facilities, particularly) the building is otherwise in good condition. The kitchen facility is adequate and has an "A" rating by the State Health Department. Staff of the County Jail, outside of kitchen personnel, in- cludes 4 jailers.; and a chief jailer, and 2 matrons. Recommendations 1) It .:s rerominended that renovation and repair of the County ja:..:� .be undertaken as soon as a county office building is completed wh:.chviould house the Sheriff's Department. The follow- ing should be included. -- install new lighting system -- expand jailer's office communications facilities -- provide adequate visitation facilities -- install limited visual surveillance equipment (Remote TV cameras to cover critical locations) -- install new shower facilities -142- 2). All jailers should be provided proper uniforms. • Fire Protection Services Craven County has fourteen State chartered volunteer fire departments which provide fire protection to the citizens and property in the County. Three.of the fourteen volunteer fire departments have been formed within the past several years. These are: 1) Fort Barnwell Volunteer Fire Department; 2) Volunteer Fire Department of Carteret and Craven County (#5 Township•in Craven County); and 3) Tri-Community Volunteer Fire Department. The City of New Bern's Fire Department is comprised of paid and volunteer firemen and normally answers calls only within the City of New Bern. The Volunteer Fire Departments are financed by various means' ranging from property taxes -and special taxing districts to annual fund raising affairs. Most frequently it is a combination of sources. The County provides $115.00 a month to help support qualified rural volunteer fire departments in the County. Personnel of the volunteer fire departments receive training in all phases of fire fighting. Almost all have completed the "basic fire fighting course" (42 hours) held at the Craven Tech- nical Institute. Practical experience and training'is gained through countywide training programs when old buildings are burned under controlled conditions. Training is also provided by the State Department of Community Colleges, Division of Fire Training Services, by using'a "training simulator". . Radio communications of the county fire departments is through the:Craven County Fire Radio Net (KGL 597) which is operated. -by -143- a dispatcher at the Sheriff's office in New Bern on a 24 hour • basis. A remote unit and console enables the dispatcher to 0 activate sirens at most base stations of the county fire depart- ments. Sirens can also be activated from the Office of Civil Defense in the basement of the old St. Lukes Hospital which now serves as a county office building. Coordination of fire protection services in the County is the responsibility of the Craven County Fire Commission and the Fire Marshal. Personnel of the thirteen (excludes New Bern) volunteer fire departments are working under a four year planned training program conducted by Craven Community College. The progran offers 120 hours of fire relative subjects. Each Febivar:y a countywide school training program is held under the fire and rescue division, Department of Insurance which consists of roue - twelve hour classes. Cczotdi ::.:_ ,_:n of fire protection services in the county is the resr;cnsiLi.,ity of the County Fire Marshal. The Fire Marshal Is on tall t.°�enty•rfour hours a day to assist the fire departments In whate ve y p of l ems they may incur. U aven County Volunteer Fire Departments The following paragraphs give a brief description of the vo.lur.teer fire departments in the County including major equip- ment and personnel. Bridgeton Fire Department - 12 - is located at the inter°- -144- section of Bridge and C Streets in Bridgeton. The 3,200 square foot building which contains two bays for fire trucks, also serves • as the Bridgeton Town Hall. The building was completely remod- eled in 1965. The Department is manned by 28 volunteer firemen on 24 hour call. Major fire fighting equipment includes one 500 GPM, 500 gallon booster tanks, radio equipped pumper and one 2,000 gallon capacity radio -equipped tanker. The two fire trucks are 1959 and 1958 models respectively. The Bridgeton Fire Department has a Class 9AA fire insurance rating. It is known as Station 12 in the county fire system. Tri-Community Fire Department - 13 - is located approximately two miles from Bridgeton in the Saints Delight Community. The fire station is temporarily located in a garage on Rural Road #1433. The Department is manned'by 36 volunteers on 24 hour call. Major fire fighting equipment includes one 500 GPM - 500 gallon booster tank, radio equipped pumper and one 21000 gallon capacity tanker. The Department -has recently received a loan from FHA to build a fire station and purchase a new pumper. The Department has a Class 9A fire insurance rating and is known as Station 13 in the county fire system. Little Swift Creek - 14 - this fire department has two • stations: the main station is located at Askins and a sub -station -145- located in the Antioch Community on Rural Road 1433. The main • station at Askins has 2;400 square feet of floor space and con- tains two hays and a meeting room. The sub -station at Antioch contains 1,500 square feet of floor space and has two bays. The Little Swift Creek Fire Department is manned by 35.vol- unteer firemen on 24 hour call. Major fire fighting equipment includes two-500 GPM pumpers - 600 gallon booster tank capacity, radio equipped and a. 3,000 gallon capacity tanker. The district has a 9A fire insurance rating. The Department is know as Station 14 in the county fire system. Vanceboro Fire Department - 15 - is located in the Town of Vanceboro, one block off main street in the center of Town. The Department is manned by 41 volunteer firemen on 24 hour call. Major fire fighting equipment includes one 1,000 GEM - 500 gallon booster tank capacity pumper, one 500 GPM - 600 gallon booster tank, radio equipped, one 1,200 gallon tanker. The Town of Vanceboro i.,,s a 1,000 GPM - 500 gallon booster tank pumper that is utilized for in -town alarms. The Department has a Class 9A insurance rating district for four miles around the Town and the Town is rated Class 8. The Department is known as Station 15 in the county fire system. West of New Bern Fire Department - 31 - has two stations. • The main station is located on U.S. 70 west of New Bern a� Wash- ington Forks and the sub -station is located on Chelsea Road off -146- old U.S. Highway 17 in Trent Woods. • The West of New Bern Fire Department is manned by 42 volun- teer firemen on 24 hour call. Major fire fighting equipment in- cludes one 1,000 GPM - 500 gallon booster tank capacity, radio equipped pumper, one 750 GPM - 750 gallon pumper, radio equipped, one 500 gallon booster tank, radio equipped, one 1,000 gallon capacity tanker with 350 GPM pump and one 1,800 gallon capacity tanker. The West of New Bern Fire Department has a Class 9AA fire insurance rating and all of their members have Tone Alert Monitors. The Department is known as Station 31 in the county fire system. Cove City Fire Department - 32 - is located on Trenton Highway in the Town of Cove City. The Department is manned by 30 volunteer firemen on 24 hour call. Major fire fighting equipment includes one 750 GPM 350 gallon booster tank capacity, radio equipped, one 250 GPM - 600 gallon booster tanks, and one 1,000 gallon capacity tanker. The Cove City Fire Department has a Class 9A fire insurance rating and is known as Station 32 in the county fire system. Dover Fire Department - 33 - is located in the Town of Dover at the Town Hall. Major fire fignting equipment includes a 1,000 GPM - 500 gallon capacity booster tanks, and a 250 GPM - 800 gallon booster tank pumper, they have a 2,000 gallon capa- city tanker. 17J -147- The Department has a Class 9AA fire insurance rating and • is known as Station 33 in the county fire system. Fort Barnwell Fire Department - 34 - is located on Highway 55 in the community of Fort Barnwell. The Department is manned by 32 volunteer firemen on a 24 hour call. The Department has a two bay station, 2,080 square feet. Major fire fighting equip- ment includes a 750 GPM - 500 gallon capacity booster tank, radio equipped, and 350 GPM - 2,500 gallon capacity tanker. The Department has a Class 9A fire insurance rating and is known as Station 34 in the county fire system. Number Nine Township Fire Company - 35 - is located on N.C. Highway 55 in the community of Jasper. The Department is manned by 30 volunteer firemen on 24 hour call. The Department has plans to build a sub -station in the Asbury section of the district. The Department has a Class 9A fire insurance rating and is known as station 35 in the county fire system. Number Seven Township Fire Department - 21 - has three fire stations. The station, a two story masonary building constructed in 1960, is located at 1309 Old Cherry Point Road in Williams Shopping Center. The first floor of the main station, which con- tains 1,225 square feet, has two bays and is used primarily for housing the fire trucks and storage of fire fighting equipment. • The second floor of the main station is primarily for meetings %_ �� -148- and contains a kitchen. Sub -station #1, a single story masonary building contains 560 square feet, is located 1/4 mile Nast • Brice's Creek Bridge. There is one truck bay in the sub -station. Sub -station #2, a single story masonary building containing 1,120 square feet is located 4.7 miles east of the main station on Old Cherry Point Road. The sub -station has two bays, the second of which was added in 1969. The fire department is manned by 54 volunteer firemen on 24 hour call. Major fire fighting equipment includes a 500 GPM- 550 gallon capacity booster tank, 500 GPM - 500 gallon capacity booster tank, 500 GPM - 600 gallon capacity booster tank, 500 GPM - 600 gallon capacity booster tank and a 750 GPM - 1,200 gallon capacity pumper -tanker. All of the trucks are radio equipped. The Department has a Class 9AA & 9A fire insurance rating and is known as Station 21 in the county fire system. Township Six Fire Department - 22 - is located on U.S. High- way 70 west of Havelock. The Department has a modern 45 x 82 foot building with three bays with office, radio room, restrooms and kitchen. The Department is manned by 38 volunteer firemen on 24 hour call. Major fire fighting equipment includes one 500 GPM - (530A) - 500 gallon booster tank capacity pumper, one 500 GPM - 1,200 gallon capacity tanker, one 500 GPM - 1,000 gallon capacity pumper tanker. The Department have under construction a sub -station in the • Carolina Pines area and have on order two - 1,000 GPM pumpers. -149- The Department has a Class 9A fire insurance rating and is • known as Station 22 in the county- fire system. Havelock Fire Department - 23 - is located in the City of Havelock adjacent to the City Hall. The Department occupies a 4,000 square foot steel construction building which contains four bays, office, kitchen, bunk room, restrooms, storage room and a training room. The Department is manned by 26 volunteer firemen and three paid firemen and are on call 24 hours a day with each member having a Tone Alert Monitor. Also a 24 hour dispatcher is provided by the C, =ty . The Department operates a rescue squad for the eastern end of the County. The major fire fighting equipment includes a 750 GPM - 500 gallon capacity booster tank, a 750 GPM - 750 gallon capacity, and one equipment truck. All trucks are radio equipped. Water ,-apply for fire fig hting is provided by a 300,000 gallon elevated storage tank and a system of 153 fire hydrants through- out the City. The Havelock Fire Department has a Class 8 fire insurance ratinc and plans are underway for, a Class 6. Harlowe Fire Department - 24 •- is located in temporary quarters in the community of North Harlowe. The Department .is manned by 26 volunteer firemen on 24 hour -I so- • call. The Department serves all of Township Five and up to the Inland Waterway in Carteret County. Major fire fighting equipment consists of one 500 GPM - 300 gallon capacity booster tank, radio equipped and a 3,000 gallon capacity tanker. The Department has a Class 9A fire insurance rating and is known as Station 24 in the county fire system. In addition to the above mentiored equipment several of the departments have portable generators and portable pumps capable of delivering up to 500 GPM. Civil Preparedness The Craven County Office of Civil Preparedness is located in the basement of the old St. Luke Hospital building. Present staff includes the co-ordinator and an office secretary on a full-time, daily operating basis, and approximately 60 volunteers to serve in the event of nuclear disaster or other crises. The present Civil Preparedness Office facilities also serves as the Emergency Operating Center from which the County's response to a disaster situation would be directed and coordinated. These existing facilities, however, are not adequate to enable the Civil Defense Coordinator to perform his duties of coordinating emergency activities of the County and municipalities as pre- scribed by State Statutes and the basic emergency operation plan. There is inadequate space to accommodate an emergency staff, • protection from radioactive fallout is inadequate, and the facili- ties are subject to flooding from excessive rainfall. -151- There are 83 buildings in the County that have been surveyed 0 for use against radioactive fallout. Fifty-five contain space for 50 or more persons and have a protection factor of *40 which makes them eligible for stocking with supplies furnished by the Federal Government. Of the 55 eligible shelters, 41 are either fully or partially stocked. Shelter stocking includes: biscuits in vacuum packed cans, 17 1/,2 gallon containers of water, sanitation kits, medical kits and radiation detection kits. It is estimated that present shelter supplies would last 14 days for 14,907 persons under neclear disaster conditions. Total capacity of the 83 fallout shelters is 58,960 people. , The County's civil preparedness program is designed to com- plement our national defense network. Emphasis of the local de- fense program is on developing a :system for the emergency use of existing structures and the maintenance of that system together with supporting systems. This is accomplished through maximum use of exist:ir:g manpower eqr _pat nt and facilities of state and local governments as well as t:r ivate enterprises. The civil pre- paredness network is not only designed to meet local needs in the event of a nation crisis, but also to be able to react to local emergencies such as hurricanes, tornados, flooding, civil dis- turbances, etc. In August of 1970 the ;:,:tunt~y ' s Cdv:? l Preparedness Office published an Operational Daca and Resources Manual which included . • emergency plans and procedures and a fallout shelter plan, as well as an inventory of ava:il;ible resources in the event of emer- gency situations. In May of 1972 a Civil Preparedness On -Site Assistance Project was conducted and a report prepared to evalu- • ate: 1)the statutes of the local civil defense network; 2) the existing level of readiness to cope with major disasters,'and 3) the realistic potential of improving local governments' capabili- ties to respond effectively to save lives and property in a major emergency. From the investigations and findings of the On -Site Assistance Project, the Civil Preparedness Office then prepared an action plan containing 29 recommendations to improve upon the County's civil defense capabilities. Some of the specific re- commendations are included below as well as in other sections of the Community Facilities Plan. Recommendations: 1) The priority need of the Civil Preparedness Program in the County is better office facilities and an up-to-date Emergency Operating Center (EOC) from which to coordinate and direct emer- gency activities throughout the County and in all the municipalities. It is recommended that space for the office of Civil Preparedness and specially designed facilities for an Emergency Operations and Control Center be included in a new county office building. 2) A Craven County Civil Preparedness Council should be organized to establish objectives, review progress and provide continuity of purpose on a countywide basis. The Council com- position should include the heads of local governments as well as other citizens of the County. • 3) The On -Site Assistance Project Report and the 29 recom- mendations contained in the resulting action plan go beyond the -153- scope of this section of the Community Facilities Plan. It is • recommended, however, that the County Planning Board, Board of County Commissioners and other County and municipal officials become thoroughly aware of and strive to implement all of the recommendations contained in the action plan. *The number of times safer one would be inside as opposed to outside the shelter in the event of radioactive fallout. New Bern - Craven County Rescue Squad The New Bern - Craven County Rescue Squad is located on Highway 55 in the community of Jasper adjacent to the Number Nine Township Fire Department. The Rescue Squad is manned by 17 volun- teers and is the only rescue squad in the County. The New Bern - Craven County Rescue Squad was chartered by the State of North Carolina in February of 1963. The Rescue Squad provides first aid in cases of accidents, sudden illness, disaster, or in any situation which could aid the community. Members of the squad offer assistance during the hours of 7 p.m. to 9 a.m. Funds for the operation of the rescue squad are primarily by donations. The City of New Bern contri- butes $50.00 per month and Craven County $60.00 per month. Equipment used in rescue squad operations include: A 1971 Chevy station wagon used as personnel carrier and captain's vehicle; a Ford econoline van equipped and used as an ambulance. `(fully equipped and certified by State as an ambulance); a Chevro- let ambulance (fully equipped and certified as an ambulance by State); a Ford truck, converted to be used as an ambulance, if -154- needed, (not certified by State as an ambulance); a Dodge camper truck (carries all extra equipment, such as generator, power saw, • hand tools, mechanic tools, ropes, blocks, and tackles, etc.); a large rescue boat with trailer equipped with 55 H.P. motor, and two smaller rescue boats with trailers, equipped with 4.4 and 7.5 H.P. motors. All vehicles, including the larger rescue boat, carry first aid kits and splints. The two smaller boats carry only . first aid kits. All vehicles carry fire extinguishers and are equipped with two-way radios except the two smaller boats which use hand portable radios when needed. The Ford and Chevrolet ambulances are also equipped with FM radios for contact with the Craven County Hospital. Recommendations 1) A light duty rescue truck equipped for all types of rescue work should be secured for the New Bern - Craven County Rescue Squad. It is possible that a portion of the necessary funds can be secured from a Federal grant. 2) New rescue squads or auxiliary rescue squad units of the existing New Bern - Craven County Rescue Squad should be established in Havelock, Vanceboro, and Dover - Cove City area. CULTURAL EDUCATIONAL AND RECREATIONAL Craven County School System In the Spring of 1974 the Division of School Planning, State Department of Public Instruction, published.a combined survey of Craven County and New Bern City Schools. The survey was conducted • at the request of officials of both New Bern City and Craven County Schools. The purpose of the survey was to update the findings -155- and recommendations of a similar survey conducted by the Divi- sion of School Planning in 1971 which dealt primarily with facili- ties, organization and finance. The survey went into considerable detail with respect to long-range recommendations regarding organ- izations (reorganization) and school facilities. Therefore, this portion of the Community Facilities Plan draws heavily upon the information and recommendations presented in the 1974 Craven County -New Bern City School Survey. Organization The Craven County School system is administered by a Super- intendent and staff who are guided by a nine member County Board of Education. The service area of the County School System in- cludes all of Craven County except within the incorporated towns of New Bern and Trent Woods. Administrative facilities of the County School System are located on Craven Street adjacent to the County Courthouse in New Bern. Offices within the administrative facility include those of the Superintendent, Assistant Superintendents, Title I Director, County School Nurse, Director of Occupational Educa- tion, Elementary, Testing and Psychology Supervisors, Coordinator of Programs for Exceptional Children and two attendant social workers. The two administrative buildings also house the County School Board meeting room and a conference room, as well as sec- retarial offices. Office space and parking facilities are adequate and should sufficiently meet anticipated demand. 0 The County has a General Service Area located on 5.1 acre site off Hazel Avenue in New Bern. Included within the General -156- Service facility is a garage and paint shop, workshop and supplies building and other storage buildings. County Schools There are 12 schools in the Craven County System: two high schools, one.junior high school and nine elementary schools.* There are a.total of 7,761 students presently enrolled (member- ship) in the County School System. A brief description of each school in the County School*System is contained in the following paragraphs. Bridgeton Elementary School - is located on a seven acre site on B Street in Bridgeton. The original school, consisting of six classrooms, library and office space, was constructed in 1925 with additions in 1928, 1953, 1955, 1957 and 1961. The additions consisted of nine class- rooms, kitchen -cafeteria and an auditorium. Today the school has a total of 17 classrooms, two of which are mobile classroom units. The Bridgeton School contains grades K through six and has a membership enrollment of 519 students. The school has 20 faculty members, two administrative personnel, two custodians and six member cafeteria staff. Jasper Elementary School - is located in the rural community of Jasper approximately 10 miles west of New Bern. The school, which was previously the Jasper High School, is situated on a 16.5 •*Although titled elementary schools, some contain as few as the beginning three grades (k-3) while others contain the first eight grades (k-8) and one elementary school contains grades 4 through 8. -157- acre site. • The original school structure uctu a was built in 1925 and con- sisted of 12 classrooms, library, auditorium and offices. Addi- tions were made in 1928, 1948, 1951, 1954, and 1956 consisting of a gymnasium, agriculture shop, industrial arts shop, home economics building, kitchen -cafeteria and additional classrooms. The school now has a total of.17 classrooms of which four are mobile classroom units. The Jasper Elementary School contains kindergarten through the eighth grade and has a total student membership enrollment of 524. There are 28 faculty members, two administrative per- sonnel, four custodial personnel and six member dietary -cafeteria staff serving the Jasper School. Fort Barnwell Elementary School - is located in the extreme western part of Craven County in the rural community of Fort Barn- well. The school, which previously served as the Newbold High School, is situated on a 12 acre site. The original school structure, which now serves as ten classrooms, was constructed in 1920. Additions in 1952, 1958, and 1961 account for 16 classrooms, kitchen -cafeteria, library, home economics, industrial arts and multi -purpose areas, and school offices. Today, the Fort Barnwell School has 29 classrooms in- cluding the three mobile classroom units at the school. The Fort Barnwell School contains kidergarten through the eighth grade and has a membership enrollment of 588 students. There are 34 faculty members, three administrative personnel, -158- three custodial personnel and six member dietary -cafeteria staff which serve the Fort Barnwell School. Brinson Memorial Elementary School - is located in the James City area of Craven County approximately three miles south of New Bern on Neuse Forest Avenue. The 25 acre site on which the school is located borders the Neuse River along its entire eastern boundary. The James City area has experienced considerable urban- ization during the past two decades and is expected to continue this trend in the coming years. Up until this school year there were two schools serving the area; however, the second school (James City Elementary) was closed at the end of the past school year. The Brinson Memorial School now serves the entire James City area.* The first structure of the Brinson Memorial School, which now houses five classrooms, industrial arts shop and offices, was constructed in 1930. Additions were made in 1953, 1955, 1957, 1959, 1961, 1963 and 1965 which account for over 37,000 square feet of floor space and included classrooms, library, Kitchen -cafeteria and a multi -purpose section with adjoining band room and practice rooms. At present there is a total of 31 classrooms in the school including nine mobile classroom units. The Brinson Memorial School contains grades K through six and has a membership enrollment of 644 students. The school has 35 faculty members including aides and teachers in the mentally • *The Brinson Memorial School does use a small section of the James City Elementary School as an annex for special classes of mentally retarded. -159- retarded program. Other staff includes three administrative • personnel, four custodial personnel and those employed in the seven member dietary -cafeteria department. Farm Life Elementary School - is located in the Town of Vanceboro and earlier served as a resident high school. The School is situated on a 62 acre site. The main building, which is two stories high, was built in 1912. There were no additions until 1953 when an agriculture shop, auditorium and gymnasium were constructed. In 1955 a home economics section was added and in 1958 a science classroom was constructed. There is a total of 23 classrooms in the school today. Farm Life Elementary School contains grades four through eight and has a total membership enrollment of 574 students. Personnel at the school includes 25 faculty members, two admin- istrative personnel, four custodial personnel and a six member dietary -cafeteria staff. Vanceboro Elementary School - is located in the Town of Vanceboro and was originally constructed and served as the Vance- boro Consolidated Elementary School. This school is located on a 15 acre site with access from old U.S. Highway 17. The first building of the Vanceboro Elementary School was built in 1945. Additions were constructed in 1953, 1965, and 1966 which included classrooms, kitchen and multi -purpose area and • industrial arts shop. The school now has a total of 17 classrooms. The Vanceboro Elementary School contains kidergarten through -160- the third grade and has a total membership enrollment of 288 • students. Staff at the school includes 18 faculty members, two administrative personnel, three janitors and five member dietary - cafeteria personnel. Havelock Elementary School - occupies the old Havelock Junior High School Building located in the Town of Havelock. The school site contains 15 acres of which eight acres are held by lease agreement. The Havelock Elementary School building was constructed in 1943 and contained the area now occupied by seven classrooms, administrative office and library. In 1946, six classrooms and a multi -purpose area were added and in 1950, six more classrooms and the kitchen -cafeteria were constructed. The school now has 29 classrooms of which ten are mobile classroom units. The school contains kindergarten through the sixth grade and has a total membership enrollment of 518 students. Staff at the Havelock Elementary School includes 26 faculty members, four administrative personnel, four custodial personnel and those employed in the five member dietary -cafeteria department. Graham Barden Elementary School - is located in the Town of Havelock on a 23 acre site which is bordered by Slocum Creek. The main building was constructed in 1953 and there have been no structural additions since that time. The school has a total of 24 classrooms, a library, kitchen -cafeteria and an • auditorium. The school contains grades K through sixth and has a total -161- membership enrollment of 556 students. Staff at the school con- sists of 26 faculty members, three administrative personnel, three janitors and a six member dietary -cafeteria staff. West Havelock Elementary School - is located just north of the Town of Havelock on State Road 1176. The school site contains a total of 25 acres and has water and sewer utilities provided by the Cherry Point Marine Base. The school was constructed in 1961 and there have been no additions since that time. There is a total of 40 classrooms in the school which also contains a library, fine arts room and a large multi -purpose area. The West Havelock Elementary School contains grades K through sixth and has a membership enrollment of 793 students. Staff at the school includes 38 faculty members, three administrative per- sonnel, four custodial personnel and the six member dietary -cafe- teria employees. Havelock Junior High School - occupies the buildings and grounds originally constructed for the Havelock High School. The school is located on a 31 acre site (15.7 acres of which are held by lease agreement) in the Town of Havelock. The initial structures at.the school were built in 1956 with additions in 1957, 1959, 1961 and 1965. There are presently 38 classrooms which includes 14 mobile classroom units. The school contains grades 7, 8, and 9 and has a total membership enrollment of 1,073 students. Staff at the Havelock -162 Junior High School includes 50 faculty members, two administrative personnel, five custodians and the seven member dietary --cafeteria • staff. Havelock High School - is located on a 50 acre site in the Town of Havelock. Construction of the new school was completed in 1971 and it was occupied for the first time in the fall of that year. There are 52 classrooms in the school as well as modern facilities to accommodate the home economics, industrial arts and music departments of the school. The new high school contains grades 10, 11, and 12 and has a total membership enrollment of 853 students. Staff of the new high school includes 43 faculty members, five administrative per- sonnel, six custodians and employees of the six member dietary - cafeteria department. West Craven High School - construction was completed in 1971 and it was occupied in the fall of that year. The school is located on a 100 acre site (25 acres of which is non-contiguous) approximately four miles southeast of the Town of Vanceboro off State Road 1440. The school site is situated in a relatively rural area of the county. There are 55 classrooms in the new school including three mobile classroom units. The high school contains grades nine through 12 and has a total membership enrollment of 942 students. Staff of the new high school includes 51 faculty members, five administrative personnel, seven custodial personnel including a night watchman, . and the staff of the nine member dietary -cafeteria department. -163- Recommendations . Organization Basic to the recommendations of the 1971 Craven County - New Bern School Survey by the N. C. Department of Public Instruc- tion, was the merger of the two school systems to create one responsible unit in the County. Merger of the two existing school systems would, of course, effect immediate economy in the admini- strative and operation of the schools in Craven County and should raise the overall quality of educational services in the County. According to the study ".....Such an effort could produce for each of the several administrative units,on a shared basis,(1) a more specialized staff of professional and non-professional supervisors, (2) comprehensive educational media centers and services, (3) broader and more specialized guidance services, (4) broader and more specialized maintenance programs, (5) eco- nomical use of data processing, and (6) economy through centra- lized purchasing and warehousing."* Although the'two school systems in the County have not yet merged it is thought that with the benefits to be derived it is only a matter of time before they will. Consequently, future improvements in buildings and new construction should be done with the idea of future consolidation of the existing two school systems in mind. School Facilities The following recommendations concerning existing individual • schools in the Craven County School System were made in the 1973 - 1974 Craven County/New Bern School Survey: -164- • • SUMMARY DATA - CRAVEN COUNTY SCHOOL SYSTEM February 15, 1973 Clas rooms Exist- Number Suitable Size for ing Number of of Masonary Long Prac- of Students Site Present Con- Mobile Range tical** Fa- (Member - (acres) Grades Total struction Units Use* Capacity culty _ ship) 3ridgeton Elementary 7 K-6 19 17 2 15 475 20 519 Jasper Elementary School 16.5 K-8 19 13 6 0 425 28 514 Tort Barnwell Elem. School. 12 29 26 3 10 725 34 588 3rinson Memorial Elem. School 25 31 22 9 17 775 35 644 arm Life Elementary School 62 23 23 0 3 575 25 574 lanceboro Elementary School 15 17 17 0 3.3 425- 18 288 iavelock Elementary School 15 29 19 6 25 725 26 518 3raham Barden Elem. School 23 24 24 1 25 600 26 556 Vest Havelock Elem. School 25 40 40 0 40 1,000 38 793 -iavelock Jr. High School 31 38 24 14 24 950 50 1,073 'avelock High School 50 40 40 0 40 1,000 43 85:3 lest Craven High School 75 40 40 3 40 1,075 51 942 * Based on existing and anticipated structural condition and other factors which would preclude existing classrooms from future use. ** Based on an average of 25 students per classroom. -165- Bridgeton Elementary. The Bridgeton School should continue to operate with limited expansion for elementary purposes for im- mediate and long-range use. Jasper Elementary. The Jasper School is recommended to serve the immediate needs for elementary purposes. Fort Barnwell Elementary (Newbold). The Fort Barnwell School is recommended for immediate and long-range service. The facili- ties constructed prior to 1920 (ten classrooms) should be phased out of service and removed from the site. They should be replaced as dictated by the need for additional facilities in the area. Brinson Memorial Elementary. The Brinson Memorial School should continue to operate for immediate and long-range after replacing the 1930 construction (five classrooms and industrial arts shop) and renovation of the majority of other facilities. Expansion is not recommended due to the present size. Farm Life School. The Farm Life School is recommended for immediate and long-range use for elementary purposes. Continue to operate this school on an immediate basis on conjunction with the Vanceboro Consolidate School (present Vanceboro Elementary School). All the facilities constructed prior to 1953 should be phased out of service as soon as feasible and renovated or re- placed on this site. Long-range consideration should be given to this becoming the elementary school in the Vanceboro area. *North Carolina Department of Public Instruction, Division of • School Planning: Craven county/New Bern School Survey 1970-71. (offset - Raleigh, N.C. 1971), p.7. -166- 0 Vanceboro Elementary (Vanceboro Consolidated). The Vanceboro Elementary School is recommended for immediate use in conjunction with the Farm Life facilities and then phased out of service after the old, obsolete and worn out facilities have been replaced at the Farm Life site. Havelock Elementary (Old Havelock Jr. High). The Havelock Elementary School is recommended for immediate and long-range services. The facilities constructed in 1943 (seven classrooms, library and office spaces) should be razed and replaced, and the majority of other facilities should be renovated. Expansion is not recommended due to the present size. Graham Barden Elementary. The Graham Barden Elementary School should be used and renovated as modern trends and metho- dology dictates. Expansion is not recommended due'to its present size. West Havelock Elementary. The West Havelock Elementary School should be maintained and renovated as modern trends may dictate for long-range use. Expansion is not recommended due to the present size. Havelock Junior High (Old Havelock High). The Havelock Jun- ior High School is recommended for immediate and long-range use for middle school or junior high 'school purposes. Other recommendations of the 1970-71 Craven County/New Bern School Survey: 1) -the construction of two new high schools (these have been completed and are now in use - new Havelock High -167- 11 w and new West Craven High); 2) the construction of a new middle school in northwestern Craven County (the site has been bought. The architect has almost completed plans for the new building); and 3) the construction of a new elementary school in south- western Craven County to replace the existing Jasper Elementary School. The recommendations of the 1973-1974 Survey are still ap- propriate; however, based on more recent investigations and ap- parent trends in land development the following additional re- commendations and modifications of recommendations contained in the 1973-1974 Survey are made: 1) Although expansion of the Brinson Memorial School was not recommended in the 1970-71 School Survey, it is appa- rent that expansion is in fact necessary. This is based on two factors primarily, (a) the school now has an en- rollment of 651 students and it is anticipated that en- rollment will continue to increase at the approximate rate of 10 to 12 students per year, including kinder- garten enrollment, throughout the decade, and (b) there are now nine mobile classroom units located at the school presently serving as temporary classrooms. It is recom- mended that a 12 room addition be constructed at this school, giving the school a total student capacity of approximately 680. The new construction should be designed to facilitate adding a six room wing when future demand dictates. Ultimately the school would have a total stu- dent capacity of approximately 800. -168- 2) Construction of 15 room addition to the Havelock Elementary • School should be considered in the near future. The school is now using ten mobile classroom units for classrooms and it is anticipated that there will continue to be enrollment increases at the school during this decade. 3) Construction of an 18 room addition to the Havelock Junior High School should be considered within the next five years. The school is now using 14 mobile classroom units for classes and it is anticipated that enrollment will continue to increase during the next ten years. 4) Although the existing facilities of the Bridgeton Elemen- tary School are meeting the demands placed on the school, it is likely that by 1980 expansion will be necessary. Development trends in the Bridgeton School district indi- cate considerable residential development in the areas within the next ten years. Consideration should be given to construction of an additional classroom wing when de- mands dictates. Mobile classroom units (there are now two units at the school) should be used until additional construction is necessary. Craven Community College Craven Community College is a relatively new and growing institution serving Craven and surrounding counties in eastern North Carolina. ,Craven Community College was created by Act of the 1965 General Assembly and began operation on July 1, 1965, as a branch of the Lenoir County Community College. -169- A request for an independent technical institute for Craven County was approved by the State Board of Education on September. 1, 1966, and final approval was granted by action of the 1967 General Assembly. A local tax levy with $500,000 in bonds was approved by Craven County voters on December 5, 1967. The institute operated in temporary facilities at three lo- cations through the spring of 1971. The administration offices, at 217-233 Tryon Palace Drive; the machinist, welding, and draft - laboratories were located at the former Leona D. Tolson School at Croatan. A western branch of the institute for Adult Education was in operation at the former Cove City Elementary School, Cove City, for a short period of time. The institue moved to its new 100 acre campus on Race Track Road in the spring of 1971, and all regular curriculum programs began operation on the new campus with the exception of the Cos- metology Program, which continues to be located at Trent Boule- vard. During the summer of 1973, the institute made the formal transition from technical institute to community college, with the addition of a two-year college transfer program and faculty. The college facilities are housed in two main buildings on the 100 acre campus. Building I contains classrooms and serves the Administration Building. Building II contains vocational shops and laboratory facilities. An addition to Building II was completed in the summer of 1975. The building contains • 30,500 square feet and cost approximately $1,000,000. The build- -170- ing contains four classrooms, two science laboratories, 20 faculty • offices, bookstore, five shops, one paint shop, one auto -service shop, one maintenance building. Only approximately 30 percent of the total site is now developed for use including parking areas with ample room for future expansion. The purpose of Craven Community College is to provide citi- zens of the area with a variety of education opportunities based on individual and community needs. The college is open to all persons beyond the usual age, of high school attendance who are able to benefit from its instructional program. The major objectives of Craven Community College are: 1) To provide technical and vocational education appro- priate to the needs of the individual and the community. 2) To provide for extension educational programs in business and industry as needed for personal or self-improvement. 3) To provide adult education programs based upon community needs and interest with emphasis on a) Basic education courses for grade levels 1-8 b) High school completion c) Cultural and community service programs 4) To provide a general educational program, the first year of which would be transferable to four-year colleges and universities. 5) To provide a program of instruction and individual guidance to assist all students in.making wise choices • of both vocation and avocation to better equip them as effective members of a democratic society. -171- Craver -Technical Institute is approved by the North Carolina Department of Community Colleges under the State Board of Educa- tion as specified in Chapter 115A of the General Statutes of North Carolina. The Board of Trustees of Craven Community College has been granted the authority by the North Carolina Department of Commun- ity Colleges and the State Board of Education to award the Associ- ate in Arts Degree, Associate in Applied Science Degree, Associate Degree in General Education, Occupational Diplomas, and Certificates. Craven. Community College offers the following programs of study: 1) Associate in General Education 2) Associate in Arts Degree -College Transfer Pre -Business Pre -Business Education Pre -Education (Elementary) Pre -Education (Secondary) Pre -Liberal Arts (Pre -professional) 3) Associate in Applied Science Degree Accounting Business Administration Criminal Justice/Protective Science Technology Law Enforcement Option Corrections Option Security Option Drafting and Design Technology Educational Assistant (Teacher's Aide) General Office Technology Marketing/Retailing Nursing -Associate Degree • Secretarial -Executive .Secretarial -Legal Secretarial -Medical -172- Diploma Programs -Occupations • Air conditioning/Refrigeration Auto Body Repair Automotive Mechanics Cosmetology Electrical installation/Maintenance Electronic Servicing Machinist Masonary Mechanical Drafting Practical Nurse Education Welding Projected Curricula To provide curricula that will reflect the changing needs of the community and the training patterns for employment, Craven Community College has plans to implement the following programs during the fall of 1975 as demand and physical facilities are provided: Pre -Fine Arts Pre -Art (Associate in Fine Arts Degree) Pre -Dance (Associate in Fine Arts Degree) Pre -Drama (Associate in Fine Arts Degree) Pre -Music (Associate in Fine Arts Degree) The above programs are designed for students planning to transfer to a senior college or university to obtain the Bachelor of Arts Degree or Bachelor of Fine Arts Degree. In the 1971-72 school year, the institute had a total of 6,957 students enrolled including 2,619 day students and 4,338 evening students. Approximately 26 percent of all students were Blacks. Total enrollment in 1972-73 increased to 9,060 students including 3,511 day students and 5,549 evening students. The • percentage of Black :nrollment increased to 30 percent of the total in 1973-74. Overall, total enrollment at the Craven Com- munity College has increased by more than 200 percent since the -173- 1967-68 school year when a total of 2,974 students were enrolled. SOf the total student enrollment in the college, 88 percent are residents of Craven County. Approximately ten percent are from Jones County and the remaining two percent are from surround- ing counties and the armed forces stationed in the area. Approxi- mately 95 percent of all students graduating from the college are placed in jobs in Craven County. Surrounding counties account for placement of approximately four percent of the graduates with approximately one percent finding employment in other parts of North Carolina or out-of-state. The total budget for the college in 1972-73 was $1,029,940. Salaries account for approximately 59 percent of the budget with plant operations consuming 14 percent, instruction materials 24 percent and equipment three percent. The primary source of re- venues is from the State of North Carolina which provides 80 per- cent of the total budget. Other revenues are derived from the County (18 percent of the total budget), and from the Federal government which provided two percent of the total budget. Present and anticipated future needs of the Institute are related primarily to the expansion of existing programs or de- velopment of new programs in the following vocational and educa- tional areas: 1) Health occupations (Associate Degree in Nursing) 2) Electronics Maintenance 3) College parallel - 2 year Associate Degree 4) Auto Mechanics 5) Auto Body Repair 6) 'Light Building Construction • 7) Child Care Education 8) Environmental Technology 9) Engineering Drafting 10) Cosmetology -174- The needs are based on surveys made by a new curriculum committee. The cosmetology program, as was noted, is operating off the present campus. This school should be located on the main campus. It is estimated that facilities containing 40,000 square feet will be required to accommodate the existing and expanded curriculum. Recommendations 1) Survey data indicates a shortage of Licensed Practical Nurses in the Craven County area. This situation is likely to continue until a program of nursing is established locally. It is therefore recommended that the establishment of a health occu- pations school within the Craven Community College be considered a first priority. Development of a nursing program could be carried out in conjunction with the Craven County Hospital. 2) Facilities to house the Cosmetology School on the college campus should be constructed. 3) Consideration should be given to constructing necessary facilities to house an expanded curriculum as indicated as needed. Library Facilities New Bern -Craven County Public Library The New Bern -Craven County Public Library is located on John- son Street in New Bern. The library building, which was construct- ed in 1968, is a colonial style brick structure containing 12,377 square feet of usable floor space. The facility is well -planned • and is air conditioned and carpeted throughout. Parking is adequate with 21 off-street parking spaces behind the library building for staff and approximately 20 convenient on -street parking spaces for -175- library visitors. • The New Bern -Craven County Library contains approximately 85,000 volumes. -The local library and the book mobile circulated 141,030 volumes during 1974 in Craven County. The New Bern -Craven County Public Library is funded by local and state governments. Local library services include: 1) The provision of approximately 113,000 books for cir- culation on a loan basis. 2) An ever-expanding reference section. 3) Newspaper and magazine collections (the library sub- scribes to approximately ten newspapers and over 100 magazines. On the whole, newspapers are kep back three months; magazines, ten years). 4) A reference service (to carry out its question -answering services, the library refers many questions by telephone to the North Carolina State Library which employs special. reference librarians, who may be called to answer any kind of question). 5) An interlibrary loan service (within a week, a book not available at the New Bern library may be secured from any library in the State where it is in circulation). 6) A large -type book collection for the visually handicapped. 7) "A Talking Book",service for the blind and physically handicapped, (recording of current newspapers and maga- • zines are also available as are the phonographs on which -176- to play the recordings. • 8) An adult film service (approximately 3,000 films are available). 9) A framed "Art Treasures" and phonograph record rental service. 10) A four -week Summer Reading Program for children in grades 1-6. (Includes a weekly story -hour). 11) A weekly fifteen -minute television program for children ("Tele-Story Time" provides entertainment and serves to introduce children to library services). 12) Lectures, films, exhibits, and discussion groups spon- sored throughout the year. 13) The provision of a public auditorium (the auditorium in the library is available free of charge for anything educational or cultural in nature). 14) A library on wheels (the libraries bookmobile makes monthly stops throughout Craven County and Pamlico County). Craven -Pamlico -Carteret Regional Library The Craven -Pamlico -Carteret Regional Library central facili- ties are located on Johnson Street in New Bern and is in the same building as the New Bern -Craven County Library. The Regional Library serves the needs of all public libraries in the three - county district as well as provides bookmobile service throughout the district. Bookmobile service is provided by two bookmobiles, one of which serves Craven and Pamlico Counties and the other serves Carteret County. Bookmobile stops are made at stores, neighborhoods, post offices, rest homes, churches and shopping -177- centers in the three counties. Libraries in Craven County which are a part of the Regional Library System include the Havelock • Library, Vanceboro Library and the New Bern -Craven County Library. Other libraries that comprise the region are the Carteret County Library in Beaufort, Pamlico County Library in Bayboro and the Newport Library. The local governments of the six public libraries in the three counties served by the Regional Library are required to provide and maintain their library buildings, to pay salaries of staff members and to buy stationery supplies. State and Federal funds provide for the purchase of library materials (books, periodicals, pamphlets, etc.), for the director's and extension librarians salaries, bookmobile operations, and the processing of new books through the State Library processing center. The Regional Library has a total collection of 113,000 volumes. The Regional Library has concentrated in the past on com- pleting two new library buildings programs. One result has been the completion of the New Bern -Craven County Library. Future needs in Craven County over a 20 year period include the esta- blishment of branch libraries in West New Bern, James City, and possibly in Dover or Cove City, and new quarters for the exist- ing branch in Havelock. Recommendations 1) The existing facilities of the New Bern -Craven County • Library adequately meet present needs of the New Bern area and are expected to be able to continue to do so over the next eight -178- year period. Consideration should be given to establishing • branch libraries in West of New Bern and in the James City area by 1980 if population continues to increase at the present rate. 2) Present facilities are inadequate at the Havelock Library, therefore new quarters should be sought. It is recommended that a minimum of 3,200 square feet of floor space be provided in a new facility. a r Craven County Recreation Commission The Craven County Recreation Commission was established in 1971 with the adoption of a Recreation Commission Ordinance and the appointment of 12 members to the Commission. Since that time, a full-time Director of Recreation has been hired and a year- round recreation program initiated in the County. Offices of the Recreation Commission are located on George Street adjacent to the old St. Lukes Hospital building. The Recreation Commission does not at this time own any re- creation facilities. However, the Commission does conduct a summer recreation program and limited year-round recreation at seven schools in the County and at the Harlowe Community Center through special agreements for use of the respective facilities. The schools at which various recreation programs are conducted are: 1) Farm Life Elementary in Vanceboro, 2) Jasper Elementary, 3) Fort Barnwell Elementary, 4) Albert H. Bangert Elementary, 5) Bridgeton Elementary, 6) Brinson Memorial Elementary, and 7) Havelock Junior High. A Comprehensive Activities Program has been in effect beginn- ing the first of the year (1975). This program included: women's -179- volleyball, women's sofeball, girl's softball, special olympics, teen softball, Babe Ruth baseball, Bicentennial Field Day Little • League Baseball, Northern and Southern, and Tee -Ball Boys and Girls. Special activities included: Saturday Sun Fun Day at Union Point, Horseshoe Tournaments, Table Tennis Tournament. Day camps were held throughout the County, activities included: archery, horse- shoes, table tennis, basketball, field trips, cook -outs, physical fitness, tennis, games, and arts and crafts. The recreation staff also layed out and built ball fields at Brinson and Farm Life Schools, that can be used for both baseball and softball. The amphitheater at Brinson was rebuilt and made usable by the staff. A warehouse move also took place during this time period from the Civil Defense warehouse to a building on New Street. Most of the activities listed above could not have been done without the six full-time personnel hired under Emergency Job Funds (C.E.T.A. - Title VI). Future additional activities include flag football for girls, boys, and adults; girl's basketball; women's basketball, volleyball, soccer and after school programs. To maintain this same high quality of recreational programs and initiate future programs it is imperative that this department have a staff of seven full-time recreation personnel. UTILITIES AND PUBLIC SERVICES Solid Waste Collection and Disposal Solid waste collection and disposal in Craven County is pro- vided by the Solid Waste Section of the Craven County Environmental Control Program, with officeslocated at the sanitary landfill site, southwest of Vanceboro. • The collection system used consists of four cubic yard, six cubic yard, and eight cubic yard refuse containers, located at strategic points in the County along with 13, 6 and 8 cubic yard refuse containers located at the county schools. These con- tainers are serviced and emptied four times weekly by one of three 31 cubic yard diesel powered packer trucks.. All refuse containers are located in residential areas of the County and are not intended to serve commercial establishments. (Close to 200 containers total). Two sanitary landfills, one in the southeast section of the County, and one in the northwest section, are used for the dis- posal of solid waste. The sanitary landfill in the southeast section of the County is located at Hickman Hill. Soil conditions at the Hickman Hill site are poor. In addition, the landfill has a life expectancy of from only four to six more years. The second landfill which serves the northwest half of the County is located four miles south of Vanceboro and has excellent soil conditions with a life expectancy of from 20 to 25 years at the present rate of disposal. Major equipment other than noted above which is used in the solid waste collection and disposal program includes the following: 2-955-K Catexpillar tracked from loaders 1-five ton tractor, with 20 ton lowboy trailer 1-16 ton tilt trailer 1-2 ton flat-bed dump truck 1-1/2 ton pick-up truck • 1-1 1/2 ton trailer Nsed to haul steam cleaner for refuse containers) -181- Personnel of the solid waste section includes a supervisor, two packer truck operators, two heavy equipment operators and two • equipment operator helpers. • The solid waste collection and disposal is provided by the County for its residents. With the exception of Federal grants received to purchase some equipment, all funds are provided by the County from tax revenues. There is a need at the present time for three additional four cubic yard containers, three additional six cubic yard con- tainers and two additional eight cubic yard containers. The additional containers are needed for maintenance turnover to permit repairs to be made on some containers which are now in service. Additional refuse containers will also be needed in parts of the County as use of the collection system and residen- tial development increases. At the present time,there are 13 private contractors pro- viding some areas of the County with house -to -house garbage pick- up service. Charges are made, of course, for the service, however, there is no franchise or other means of control employed by local government to insure proper operation and continuance of the ser- vice. Recommendations 1) It is recommended that an additional landfill site be secured and prepared for operation within the next five years to replace the existing Hickman Hill landfill. 2) It is likely that as certain areas of the County continue -182- to become more densely populated and capable of supporting a house - to -house type solid waste pick-up service that it would be desir- able to convert to that type of system. A house -to -house pickrup service could be operated by local government, by creating a special tax district, or by franchise arrangement with private enterprise. Certainly some alternative arrangements for solid waste collection service will have to be considered.ip the near future, particularly in the James City, Trent Woods, and West of New Bern areas of the County where rapid urbanization is oc- curring, Primary Roads Primary roads in Craven County are generally adequate for existing and near future demand. The major exception being U.S. 70 from Dover through New Bern to James City. Presently a two lape road running through the center of New Bern (the safe capacity of which has been reached), U.S. 70 is being updated with a complete bypass from Dover to James City. The new U.S. 70 is being built according to interstate specifications and Will effectly relieve much of the current congestion in and around New Bern. Completion of the new highway is scheduled for 1977, Average daily traffic on the existing highway is 13,500 vehicles per day at the west New Bern city limit. The second major road through Craven County is U.S. 17, The highway is four lane on the south side of New Bern and two lane on the no4th side. Average daily traffic is 9,000 vehicles per 0 day at the city limits. U.S. 17 appears a reasonably adequate facility for the planning period. -183- Other roads in Craven County are of prime concern to many citizens. The following is a break. -down of highway mileage in • Craven County. • HIGHWAY MILEAGE (January, 1974) Primary: Rural 122.3 Municipal 13.6 Total 135.9 Secondary: Rural 534.6 Municipal 27.0 Total 561.6 Priorities for paving and maintenance are of interest to most citizens. Craven County should establish a close working relation- ship with the North Carolina Department of Transportation and continue to represent citizen and county interests and priorities. - 184- • V V. ESTIMATED DEMAND -185- 0 • A. FUTURE POPULATION AND ECONOMY -186- POPULATION PROJECTIONS • Population projections are only indicators of trends and should not be construed as definite precise predictions of future population. Craven County projections shown.in Table 26 are used in this text for planning purposes and were supplied by the North Carolina Department of Natural and Economic Resources and are EPA Seriep E Obers projections. The ten year projection from 1975 to 1985 was not included in the state figures. The 1985 projection was developed by staff using one-half the projected growth of Population increase for the 1980-1990 period. Town.popuXations were not provided and figures shown are percentages of the County projections based on the town as a percent of the County in 1970. Since all the towns have been declining as a percentage of the total county population -over the past several census, 1970 was taken as the base year. The Obers projections also include Townships Six and Seven under one figure.. No attempt was made by staff to separate Town- ships Six and Seven and they are therefore included in this text as one figure. Additional projections shown in Table 26 were sup- plied by the North Carolina Department of Administration. Esti- mates and ranges of Craven County population are made 5, 10, 25; and 50 years into the future. Again towns projections shown are percentages of the county projections based on the town as a percent of the County in 1970. Ranges in population projections are also beneficial to the • point of allowing extremes in projecting the numbers of persons expected and services required versus the anticipated revenue. -187- • The high estimate being used when considering required expenditures and the low being used for establishing revenue projections. Public participation results indicated general agreement with the Obers projections. Citizens in Townships one, two, three, five and nine are not concerned with urbanization. The country environ- ment and low populational density is a major factor in the desire for living in a rural setting. Economic concerns are also import- ant with many people engaged in agriculture and agricultural related business. Major increases in population could seriously threaten the agricultural production and economy of any farming region. A general feeling of greater independence and freedom from government control and regulations is an important additional characteristic of the rural Craven County population. Special and direct attention should be given when implementing the Coastal Area Management Act in these areas to insure an intelligent and meaning- ful planning process. Citizens here, as in urban sections, have vital interest in land use and land use related subjects. A stable population is desired and anticipated in Townships one, two, three, five, and nine. Townships six, seven, and eight for purposes of projections are taken as a whole and represent the major projected growth area for Craven County. These townships are taken together since obvious errors in the Obers projections show township eight losing popula- tion while townships six and seven experience tremendous growth. When considering projections for all three together, however, the Moc errors offset one another. Citizen participation results indicate a desire for growth in these areas, primarily around New Bern, James City -Grantham, and Havelock. Large sections of each of the townships will, however, remain either in rural or conservation uses. Townships six and seven particularly with Croatan National Forest cqvering a large section of these townships. Urban and urban fringe areas are where the growth is desired. People in the growing sections see urban services, regreat�on and education facilities, expanded economic development, and greater employment opportunities as growth benefits. When reviewing all areas of the county as a whole, the Obers Series E projections are considered realistic for planning efforts. Changes therefore have not been made with exception of combining Townships six, seven and eight into one projection. TEN YEAR POPULATION PROJECTION The 1974 permanent resident population for Craven County was estimated by the N.C. Department of Administration. The technical development of these estimates was directed by the State Demographer with the cooperation of the U.S. Bureau of the Census, the Public Health Statistics Branch of the North Carolina Department of Human Resources, the Office of the Secretary of State of North Carolina, the Municipal Board of Control of the Department of the State Treasurer, and various departments of the incorporated municipali- ties in North Carolina. The estimated population of Craven County at this time was 65,000. This estimate is used as the base figure for the ten year population projection. • The 1985 projection is founded on the growth desires of the general public, County CAMA Advisory Board, Craven County Planning Board, Craven County Commissioners, economic trends and conditions, and the Obers Series E population projections by the U.S. Environ- mental Protection Agency. The ten year projected population for Craven County is 74,750 or a total increase from the base figure of 9,750. -190- 0 Craven County Township 1 Vanceboro Township 2 Bridgeton Township 3 Dover Cove City Township 5 Townships 6 & 7 Township 8 Township 9 Townships 6,7, & 8 • POPULATION PROJECTIONS DNER 1980 1985 1990 2000 71,200 74,750 78,300 81,000 3,840 3,475 3,110 2,360 862 904 947 980 3,260 3,275 3,290 3,100 590 620 650 672 3,160 2,895 2,630 2,040 662 695 728 753 548 576 602 623 1,830 1,795 1,760 1,590 37,710 42,525 47,340 54,110 20,040 19,545 19,050 16,930 1,360 1,240 1,120 870 57,750 62,070 66,390 71,040 -191- TABLE 27 POPULATION PROJECTIONS - DOA 1980 1985 1990 2000 2025 Craven County 63,000-71,000 62,000-74,000 60,000-76,000 58,000-78,000 55,000-85,000 Bridgeton 523-589 515-614 498-631 481-547 457-706 Cove City 491-554 484-577 468-593 452-608 429-663 Dover 592-667 583-696 564-714 545-733 517-799 Vanceboro 762-859 750-895 726-920 702-944 666-1,029 Source: Craven County - N. C. Department of Administration Towns - Neuse River Council of Governments -192- :7 Seasonal Population Seasonal population is not presently a major factor in de- termining the population of Craven County. There are no large resorts in Craven County and tourist population does not signi- ficantly increase the overall county population at any time during the year. Economic Factors While Craven County is growing economically and is actively seeking positive industrial growth, currently only one employer in Craven County is large enough to have major influence county- wide on population growth. The past affect of the Cherry Point Marine Corps Air Station on the Craven County population can be easily seen by looking at Table 1, for the years 1940 and 1950, and specifically Township 6 which increased in population from 723 to 11,695 in ten years. Any significant change in the status of Cherry Point will directly effect both economic and population growth. If changes of this consequence occur at Cherry Point, immediate review of the County planning process and base data would be merited. Economic trends are affecting Craven County in a much more positive manner than several surrounding counties. With exception of Cherry Point, employment is not the major factor as in the past and most growth is envisioned in the industrial and commercial areas of employment. -193- Capability of Land to Sustain Projected Population The land and water in Craven County could possibly sustain without planning or facilities the ten year population within current standards for pollution of water and air. Major problems however would occur. The population growth would have to be spread over a large part of Craven County resulting in a tre- mendous unnecessary cost. Miles of road would have to be built, energy costs for transportation would be high, county services would cost more, and perhaps most important valuable agricultural land would have to be built upon, thus losing its resource poten- tial. The projected population can be accommodated at less cost in smaller more concentrated areas. In Craven County these tran- sition lands cannot sustain concentrated population and in several cases any additional population without central water and sewer service to every dwelling unit. The estimated cost for central sewer service, the most expensive utility, is available in 201 studies covering all transition land except Dover. With central water and sewer service and acceptable waste treatment in transition lands the projected population of Craven County can be accommodated as proposed in Section VI, Future sand Use. Funding and construction of central water and sewer service • systems in transition landsare therefore most important factors in successful implementation of the land classification system in Craven County. -194- Community and rural lands will not require major public services to accommodate at current standards anticipated popu- lation growth. The land is available in Craven -County to sustain the projected population increases for community and rural lands. Environmental, health, safety and general welfare regula- tions along with land use planning should insure acceptable standards for development*in all areas. Specific standards for levels of development and density should be established before any existing development results in a serious pollution problem. Direction should be sought from state and federal health agencies in establishing acceptable maximum levels of development for any given water, land and density condition. INCOME PROJECTIONS Income projections are difficult to establish and should be used only as indicators. The longer the period of projection, the more inaccuracies are likely to occur. The following are income and employment projections from Obers Series E projections for Craven County. 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 Per Capita Income (1967 $) 3,724 4,871 6,532 8,675 10,850 Per Capita Income Relative .78 .79 .80 .81 .82 (US=$1.00) Total Employment 30,900 33,200 36,800 39,500 40,000 Employment/Population Ratio .45 .45 .47 .48 .47 A continued gap between the inflation rate and use in income • levels could require additional government services without pro- viding the tax to generate additional income. The most reliable -195- tactic to prevent this situation is recruitment of more jobs • and higher paying jobs for county citizens. This can be accom- • plished best through a successful search for desirable industry. -196- • • B. FUTURE LAND NEEDS -197- Using the ten year population projection, land is needed to • accommodate 9,750 people within Craven County at acceptable density. When establishing densities consideration must be given to the de- sires of the people; (1) presently occupying the land, (2) the people who will later move to the land, and (3) the capability of the land to sustain the people living on it. Each of these factors must be evaluated when land is to be developed. After the standard of development is set, the facilities required to service the people on the land must also be considered. The cost and feasibility of cost must be decided for all land to be developed. In Craven County land will be developed at varying densities, both within existing inhabited areas and in undeveloped sections. Most growth is anticipated to occur within and Surrounding pre- viously developed areas. Land demand in Craven County requires that most development where population growth is to be accommodated will be moderate to high density around existlng .nr:derate-to-high density areas. These areas will require public services including water and sewer ex- tensions. Additional development is also projected for the smaller communities and at less density in the rural areas. A full ex- planation of the land classification system and actual densities projected is contained in Section V! FUTURE LAND CLASSIFICATION. -198- 11 C. COMMUNITY FACILITIES DEMAND -199- Facilities demand based on the ten year population projection •can be determined by reviewing Section ICJ. B. CAPACITY OF COMMUNI- TY FACILITIES and estimating the required facilities and facility improvements needed to ac.coircmodate 9,750 additional people in Craven County. The following is on itemization by facility of general improvements required. Water and Sewer Water and/or sewer service should be provided to all areas with projected density sufficiently high to require central water or water and sewer service. Planning for sewer service -is current- ly being done in the New Bern, Havelock, •and Vanceboro areas through the 201•Facilities Program. Since these areas will accommodate most of the higher density growth the respective 201 plans should be consulted for specific information. Craven County Courthouse and Office Facilities Implementation of recommendations in the Community Facilities Plan would meet the projected population requirements for facilities. Craven County Health Department Implementation of reconfrnendations in the Community Facilities Plan would meet the projected population requirements for facilities. Craven Country Hospital With completion of current improvements, no further facilities necessary. Neuse Clinic - Mental Health Center • Recent expansion of facilities should meet requirements of the projected population increase. -200- Craven County Department of Social Services Implementation. of recommendations in the Community Facilities • Plan would meet the projected population requirements for facilities.. Craven County Sheriff's Department Implementation of recommendations in the Community Facilities Plan would meet the projected population requirements for facilities. Craven County Jail Facilities Implementation of recommendations in the Community Facilities Plan would meet the projected population requirements for facilities. Fire Protection Services Upgrading of equipment should be a continuing process. No additional fire districts will be required to accommodate the projected population increase. Civil Preparedness Implementation of recommendations in the Community Facilities Plan would meet the projected population requirements for facilities. New Bern -Craven County Rescue Squad Implementation of recommendations in the Community Facilities Plan would meet the projected population requirements for facilities. Craven County School System Implementation of recommendations in the Community Facilities Plan would meet the projected population requirements for facilities. Craven Community College • Implementation of recommendations in the Community Facilities Plan would meet the projected population requirements for facilities. -201- Library Facilities • Implementation of recommendations in the Corrumunity Facilities Plan would meet the projected population requirements for facilities. Craven County Recreation Commission Additional services required by the projected population should require only increases in personnel. Current facility recommendations would sufficiently handle the population increases anticipated during the planning period. Sclid Waste Collection and Disposal Implementation of recommendations.in the Community Facilities Plan would meet the projected population requirements for facilities. Primary Roads Improvements scheduled by the Governor's Ten Year Highway Improvement Program should maintain and/or improve highway trans- portation in Craven County. Continued improvements in secondary roads will also be required to maintain current standards through- out the planning period. COST OF FACIhITIES The recommended facilities will require extensive financial planning by Craven County and the various municipalities before construction can begin. Actual estimates of cost should be available from:the agencies 'involved where planning has reached the stage when estimates become necessary. • 201 Studies should be consulted when determining the cost of sewer services. -202- Actual cost estimates are included with the respective 201 Plans for Craven County. Various means will have to be studied • before the local share of sewer installational costs can be met. Two principal methods used in the past, bond referendums and increased taxes will require careful consideration. • In all transition areas except Dover, which is the smallest in Craven County, a 201 Plan has already been formulated. The feasibility of installing sewer service in these areas is according to the 201 Plans within the financial capability of the County and municipal governments involved. The burden placed on the County by other facilities will not be nearly as great. The increased tax base produced by the increased population should sufficiently maintain the current levels of operation by each facility. -203- FINANCIAL ABILITY 'The ability of Craven County and its municipalities to • finance community facility improvements is another important consideration. Following are a series of tables indicating Craven County financial ability: TABLE 28 Cash and Investments - December 31, 1975 - Craven County Cash Investments $154,325 $5,732,600 Percent of Total Invested on Dec. 31, 1975 Dec. 31, 1974 97.38 96.86 Total $5,886,925 1975-76 .Tax Rate $0.82 1975 Tax Levy at Dec. 31, 1975 Percent Collected Amount Uncollected 86.02 $581,035 Source: N. C. Department of Revenue Total Assessed Valuation (100%) (1974-1975) 429,259,032 TABLE 29 Analysis of. Outstanding Debt - Craven County At June 3.0, 1975 Debt Ratios Outstanding Appraised Per Debt Valuation Capita M 12,671,930 2.95 189.13 -204- • n TABLE 30 COUNTY REVENUES AND EXPENDITURES, BEAUFORT, CRAVEN, PAMLICO COUNTIES, FISCAL YEAR 1971-72 (Figures in Thousands of Dollars) Beaufort Craven Pamlico General Revenues $10,017 $17,1331 Intergovernmental revenue 7,313 12,23.3 Tax revenue 2,078 4,075 Charges and miscellaneous 626 824 General Expenditures, All Functions 10,451 18,280 Education 7,956 12,610 Public Welfare 1,312 3,782 Health 200 382 Interest on general debt 198 365 Other expenditures 785 1,141 Tax revenue, per capita 58 65 General revenues, per capita 278 274 General expenditures, per capita 290 292 $2,819 2,169 539 ill 2,811 2,127 327 143 1 213 57 298 297 1Difference in total due to rounding. Source: U. S. Bureau of the Census. 1974. 1972 Census of Governments. Volume 4, Government Finances. Number 3, Finances of County Governments. U. S. Government Printing Office, 1ashington, D. C. -205- • VI. FUTURE LAND USE (Plan Description) -206- • A. LAND CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM -207- The desired future land use of Craven County has been deter- mined using all available existing data with major input from the • County Planning Board and Citizens Advisory Board. Future land use is mapped as defined by the Coastal Area Management Act and the North Carolina Land Classification Svstem into the following five categories; Developed, Transition, Community, Rural, and Conservation. The guideline definition for clarification, and discussion of each classification as shown on the Craven County Future Land Use Map follows. A. DEVELOPED -- Lands where existing population density is moderate to high and where there are a variety of land uses which have the necessary public services. Purpose: The Developed class identifies developed lands which are presently provided with essential public services. Consequently, it is distinguished from areas where significant growth and/or new ser- vice requirements will occur. Continued development and redevelopment should be encouraged to provide for the orderly growth in the area. Description: Developed lands are areas with a minimum gross population density of 2,000 people per square mile. At a minimum, these lands contain existing public services including water and sewer systems, educational systems, and road systems -- all of which are able to support the present population and its accompanying land 0 uses including commercial, industrial, and institutional. B. TRANSITION -- Lands where local government plans to • accommodate moderate to high density development during the following ten year period and where necessary public services will be provided to accommodate that growth. Purpose: The Transition class identifies lands where moderate to high density growth is to be encouraged and where any such growth that is permitted by local regula- tion will be provided with the necessary public services. Description: The area to be designated as Transition must be no greater than that required to accommodate the es- timated county population growth at a minimum gross density of 2,000 people per square mile. For example, if the pop- ulation increase for the follwoing ten year period is pro- jected to be 10,000 people, and it is planned that 8,000 of them will be accommodated in the Transition area, then no more than four square miles of Transition area should be shown. In addition, the minimum services which will be rec.;u� «d are the necessary water and sewer facilities, educational services, and roads. Consideration must be given to the cost of public services in the Transition area. Each local government is encouraged to estimate the approx- imate cost of providing public services where they do not already exist. Lands to be classified Transition should be considered in the following order: • 1) First priority is for lands which presently have a gross population density of more than 2,000 people per square mile, but do not qualify as Developed because they lack -209- 1�1 • the necessary minimum public services. These areas may not be expected to accommodate additional population, but they will require funds for services to avoid public health and safety problems. 2) Second priority is for lands that have all the necessary public services in place, but which lack the minimum gross population density of 2,000 people per square mile needed to qualify the areas as Developed. These areas r therefore have not utilized the capacity of the existing services. 3) Additional lands necessary to accommodate the remainder of the estimated Transition growth for the ten year plan- ning period. In choosing lands for the Transition class, such lands should not include.: 1) Areas with severe physical limitations for development with public services. 2) Lands which meet the definition of the Conservation class. 3) Lands of special value such as the following unless no other reasonable alternative exists: (a) Productive and unique agricultural lands, (b) Productive forest lands; (c) Potentially valuable mineral deposits; (d) Potential aquifers and key parts of water supply watersheds; (e) Scenic and tourist resources; (f) Habitat for economically valuable wildlife species'; �Mlz (g) Flood fringe lands; • (h) Open coast flood hazard areas, exclusive of ocean erosive areas; (i) Estuarine flood hazard areas, exclusive of estuarine erosive areas. C. COMMUNITY -- Land where low density development is grouped in existing settlements or will occur in such settlements during the following ten year period and which will not require extensive public services now or in the future. Description: 1) The Community class includes existing clusters of one or more land uses such as a rural resi- dential subdivision or a church, school, general store, industry, etc. (Cluster is defined as a number of struc- tures grouped together in association or in physical proximity - Webster's Dictionary). 2) This class will provide for all new rural growth when the lot size is ten acres or less. Such clusters of growth may occur in new areas, or within existing com- munity lands. In choosing lands for Community growth, such lands should not include: (a) Areas with severe physical limitation for develop- ment; (b) Areas meeting the definition of the Conservation class; (c) Lands of special value such as the following un- less no other reasonable alternative exists: -211- (1) Productive and unique agricultural lands; (2) Productive forest lands; • (3) Potentially valuable mineral deposits; (4) Potential aquifers and key parts of water supply watersheds; (5) Scenic and tourist resources; (6) Habitat for economically valuable wildlife species; (7) Flood fringe lands (8) open coast flood hazard areas, exclusive of ocean erosive areas; (9) Estuarine flood hazard areas, exclusive of estuarine erosive areas. 3) New development in the Community class areas will be subject to subdivision regulations under the Enabling subdivision'Act (G.S. 153-A-340 et. seq). 4) In every case, the lot size must be large enough to safely accommodate on -site sewage disposal and where necessary water supply so that no public sewer services will be required now on in the future. 5) Limited public services should be provided in the Community class such as public road access and electric power.. 6) As a guide for calculating the amount of land necessary to accommodate new rural community growth, a gross popula- tion density of 640 people per square mile or one person per acre should be used. For example, if 1,000 new people -212- 0 C are expected to settle in low density clusters during the following ten year period, then roughly 11000 acres of land should be allocated for new growth in Community class areas. D. RURAL -- Lands whose highest use is for agriculture, fores based--on---their natural re- sources potential. Also, lands for future needs not currently recognized. Craven County Rural class includes all lands not in the Developed, Transition, Community and Conservation classes. Purpose: The Rural class identifies lands for long- term management for productive resource utilization, and where limited public services will be provided. Development in such areas should be compatible with resource production. Description: The Rural class includes all lands not in the Developed, Transition,.Community and Conservation classes. E. CONSERVATION -- Fragile, hazard and other lands neces- sary to maintain a healthy natural environment and necessary to provide for the public health, safety, or welfare. Purpose: The Conservation class identifies land which should be maintained essentially in its natural state . and where very limited or no public services are provided. Description: Lands to be placed in the Conservation class are the least desirable for development because: -213- 1) They are too fragile to withstand development without losing their natural value and/or,;' • 2) They have severe or hazardous limitations to develop- ment and/or; 3) Though they are not highly fragile or hazardous, the natural resources they represent are too valuable to endanger by development. Such lands at a minimum should include: 1) Fragile (a) Wetlands (b) Steep slopes and prominent high points (c) Frontal dunes (d) Beaches (e) Surface waters including - Lakes and ponds - Rivers and streams - Tidal waters below mean high water (f) Prime wildlife habitat (g) Unique natural areas and historic and archaeological sites 2) Hazard (a) Floodways (b) Ocean erosive areas (c) Inlet lands (d) Estuarine erosive areas 3) Other (a) Publicly owned forest, park, and fish and game lands and other non -intensive outdoor recreation lands. 0 (b) Privately owned sanctuaries, etc., which are dedicated to preservation -214- (c) Publicly owned water supply watershed areas • (d) Undeveloped key parts of existing water supply watersheds (e) Potential water impoundment sites -215- • • B. PROJECTED POPULATION GROWTH ALLOCATION TO LAND CLASSES -216- TRANSITION • Craven County has several areas which have moderate to high density development with only limited public services. The•largest of these areas, and highest priority, the James City -Grantham - Thurman Road section is the most developed yet the only public service other than rural volunteer fire protection, is the water system provided through the Neuse River Water and Sewer Association. The area classified as Transition includes all land served by the water system and a small area south of the railroad tracks along Scott Creek not currently served by water, a total of approximately. 3,700 acres. Approximately 50% of the projected ten year population in- crease or 4,875 is allocated to this area to meet density require- ments for transition. Additional transition area already processing moderate pop- ulation density and a variety of uses are the Towns of Vanceboro and Dover. Each town currently provides water service and Vance- boro is in the process of providing sewer service under the 201 Facilities Program. Developed land within the town limits is included in the transition area and growth or population increase during the planning period is expected within existing town limits. The projected population required to meet transition density are 835 and 490 for Dover and Vanceboro respectively. The complete Town of Bridgeton and a small surrounding area is also classified transition. Bridgeton currently does not have either water or sewer service, but is included in New Bern's 201 Plan. The entire Bridgeton area is also within the coastal -217- flood plain, however, existing development is sufficiently dense to require major public services with no reasonable alternative. • The projected population required to meeting transition density for this area is 566. River Bend, a planned unit development on the Trent River is developed sufficiently to require inclusion as transitional. There are approximately 200 developed acres in River Bend. The projected population increase for River Bend is 400. Transition lands without population or public services are located around the Cities of New Bern and Havelock, and the Town of Trent Woods. These lands are basically growth areas outside the municipal extraterritorial jurisdictions and within the County's planning authority. About 900 acres are included as transition to enable uniformity between County and municipal plans and are a result of the cooperative planning effort within Craven County. The size and boundaries of each transition site were requested by the municipal governments involved, with exception of the area along N.C. 55 west of New Bern. The projected population for this area is 2,820. Craven County has only one area with public services lacking the density requirement. Treasure Cove, a planned unit development owned by Westinghouse Corporation represents the most distinct and definable transition land in Craven County with a recorded plat for the complete development including approximately one square mile as transitional. Public services are available in- cluding water and sewer systems capable eventually of providing service for 15 to 20 thousand people. Presently, however, there -218- are only a small number of occupied residential units in Treasure • Cove. Since Treasure Cove is a private development requiring no capital expenditures on behalf .of local government, a projected population allocation is not included. Treasure Cove is not presently considered to affect the county population projection, and is not counted in land allocation. COMMUNITY The only incorporated community in Craven County in this category is Cove City with 400 acres. Cove City's only major service is the water system which receives water from the City of New Bern wells located nearby. Developed.and open space both are found within the town's boundary and room for growth is avail- able without extending the Town's corporate limits. Several small but similar community -sites are found in Craven County, the most identifiable of these is Fort Barnwell with approximately 128 acres. Fort Barnwell is not incorporated and does not pro- vide any major municipal services. There are several commercial uses in the area; however, and the general pattern of the area depicts a definite community. Several other communities are found at Ernul (64 acres) and Harlow (128 acres), along Madame More Lane in Township Seven (192 acres), and in several concen- trated areas west and southeast of Havelock (320 total acres). These all have relatively stable populations and with exception of the Madame Moore Lane Community, not likely to experience any major growth during the ten year planning period. The major subdivision of Carolina Pines, makes up the re- mainder of community lands in Craven County. Community lands should only require a small percentage of the county population -219- projection for the planning period. • RURAL The rural land classification encompasses the largest amount of land in Craven County. The projected population increase for • rural land is 2,584. CONSERVATION Conservation lands in Craven County were classified primarily from potential AEC categories. Conservation land classification in Croatan National Forest was recommended by the U.S. Forest Service. The entire forest was considered originally as conser- vation, however, the Forest Service did feel this as an accurate classification under the present definition of conservation. No population growth is projected in conservation areas. -220- C. POPULATION DENSITIES (Transition and Community Classifications) -221- TRANS IT ION The James City -Grantham -Thurman Road section currently has • several small areas with population density 2,000 people per square mile. Anticipated developed density will range between If5Q0 - 2,500 per square mile. The total area will develop at slightly less than 2,000 people per square; however, soil con- ditions and the nearness of the Neuse River system require central water and sewer service for all the developed area. The Town of Vanceboro has a current density of 2.36 per acre or 1510.4 per square mile. Anticipated density for the transition area is 1,500 - 2,000 per square mile. Soil conditions in VAnceboro are very poor for septic tanks and a 201 Study is underway. The 201 Study will provide basic data for feasibility of central sewer service. The Town of Dover has a current density of 1.82 per acre or 1,164.8 per square mile. Anticipated density for the transi- tion area is 1,500 - 2,000 per square mile. The Town of Bridgeton and a small surrounding area is also classified transition. Bridgeton has a density of 2.24 per acre or 1,433.6 per square mile. Soil conditions indicate the need for central water and sewer at present density. Anticipated developed density is 2,000 people per square mile. River Bend Plantation has a current density of 2.5 per acre or 1,600 per square mile. Present density will be maintained, however, soil conditions and the nearness of the Trent River re- quire central sewer service. -222- Transition lands surrounding New Bern, Trent Woods, and Havelock are growth areas for those towns. Currently density is low in most of this area. Anticipated developed density is,2,000 • people per square mile. Communities in Craven County will have a maximum density of one per acre or 640 people per square mile. In most cases densi- ties will be less than one per acre due to poor soil conditions for septic tanks. -223- C� VII. AREAS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERN (POTENTIAL) -225- AREAS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERN • Craven County proposed interim Areas of Environmental Con- cern as mapped include the following categories with guideline description and specific land uses allowed. 1.0 Coastal Wetlands - General Coastal wetlands are defined as 'any salt marsh or other marsh subject to regular or occasional flooding by tides, in- cluding wind tides (whether or not the tide waters reach the marshland areas through natural or artificial watercourses), provided this shall not include hurricane -or tropical storm tides. Salt marshland or other marsh shall be those areas upon which grow some, but not necessarily all, of the following salt marsh and marsh plant species: Smooth or salt water Cordgrass (Spar- tina alterniflora); Black Needlerush (Juncus roemerianus); Glass - wort (Salicornia spp.); Salt Grass (Distichlis Spicata); Sea La- vender (Limonium spp.); Bulrush (Scirpus spp.); Saw Grass (Cla- dium Jamaicense); Cat -Tail (Typha spp.); Salt -Meadow Grass (Spartinapatens); and Salt Reed Grass (Spartina cynosuroides). Included in this statutory definition of wetlands is 'such con- tiguous.land as the Secretary of NER reasonably deems necessary to affect by any such order in carrying out the purposes of this Section. (G.S. 113-230 (a) For policy purposes, coastal wetlands may be considered in two categories: (1) low tidal marsh; (2) other coastal marshlands which have different significance and policy implications. • 1.1 Coastal Wetlands - Low Tidal Marshland a. Description. Defined as marshland consisting primarily -226- of Spartina alterniflora and usually subject to inundation by the normal rise and fall or lunar tides. b. Significance. Low tidal marshland serves as a critical component in the coastal ecosystem. The marsh is the basis for the high net yield system of the estuary through the production of organic detritus (partially decomposed plant material) which is the primary input source for the food chain of the entire estuarine system. Estuarine dependent species of fish and shell- fish such as menhaden, shrimp, flounder, oysters and crabs cur- rently make vp over 90 percent of the total value of North Caro- lina's commercial catch. In addition, the roots and rhizomes of the Spartina alterni- flora serve as waterfowl food and the stems as wildlife nesting material. Low tidal marsh also serves as the first line of de- fense in retarding shoreline erosion. The plant stems and leaves tend to dissipate wave action while the vast network of roots re- sists soil erosion. Marshes of this type operate additionally as traps for sediment originating from upland runoff thus reducing siltation of the estuarine bottoms and consequent detriment to marine organisms. C. Policy Objective. To give the highest priority to the preservation of low tidal marshland. d. Specific Land Uses. Specific land uses shall be those consistent with the above policy objective. These marshes are considered unsuitable for all development which will alter their • natural functions. Inappropriate land uses include, but are not -227- limited to the following examples: restaurants and businesses; • residences, apartments, motels, hotels, and trailer parks; park- ing lots and offices; spoil and dump sites; wastewater lagoons; public and private roads and highways; and factories. Examples of acceptable land uses include utility easements, fishing piers, docks, certain agricultural uses except when excavation or filling affecting estuarine or navigable waters is involved, and such other uses which do not significantly alter the natural functions of the marsh. e. Location. Low tidal marshland in Craven County is limited, if found at all, to small areas at the extreme eastern tip of the County near Adams Creek. These areas are in some cases too small to be shown on the countywide proposed AEC map. The 1:24,000 orthophotoquards are not currently available for Craven County. f. Enforcement. Enforcement of the specific land use re- quirements of the above subsection d. shall be maintained through enabling legislation (G.S. 153A) and existing state and federal law. 1.2 Coastal Wetlands - Other Coastal Marshland a. Description. All other marshland which is not low tidal marshland and which contains the species of vegetation as listed in paragraph 1.0 on page 226. b. Significance. This marshland type also contributes to • the detritus supply necessary to the highly productive estuarine system essential to North Carolina's economically valuable com- mercial and sports fisheries. -228- The higher marsh types offer quality wildlife and water- fowl habitat depending on the biological and physical conditions • of the marsh. The vegetative diversity in the higher marshes usually supports a greater diversity of wildlife types than the limited habitat of the low tidal marsh. This marshland type also serves as an important deterrent to shoreline erosion especially in those marshes containing heavily rooted species. The dense system of rhizomes and roots of Juncus roemerianus are highly re- sistent to erosion. In addition, the higher marshes are effec- tive sediment traps. c. Policy Objectives. To give a high priority to the pre- servation and management of the marsh so as to safeguard and per- petuate their biological, economic and aesthetic values. d. Specific Land Uses. Specific land uses shall. be those consistent with the above policy objective. Highest priority shall be given to the conservation of existing marshlands. Second priority for land use allocation of this type shall be given to development which requires water access and cannot func- tion anywhere else, such as ports, docks and marinas, provided that the actual location of such facilities within the marsh con- sider coastal, physical and biological systems and further pro- vided that feasible alternatives,regarding location and design have been adequately considered and need for such development can be demonstrated. Such allocation may only be justified by the projected land use demands and by community development ob- jectives, but in no case shall the allocation exceed the capacity • of the marshland system to sustain losses without harm to the -229- estuarine ecosystem unless the losses would be offset by a clear and substantial benefit to the public. e. Location. Other coastal marshland is the type marsh seen in most of Craven County. Primary locations are along the lower Neuse River and Northeast, Upper Broad, Brice, Slocum, Tucker, Hancock, Cahooque, Clubfoot, Mitchell, Long, Coaches, and Adams Creeks. Additional marsh areas are found along the Neuse and Trent Rivers above New Bern. Several areas are large enough to show up on the countywide proposed AEC map, while others require mapping on the 1:24,000 orthophotoquads which are not presently available for Craven County. f. Enforcement. Enforcement of the specific land use re- quirements of the above subsection d. shall be maintained through enabling legislation (G.S. 153A) and existing state and federal law. 2.0 Estuarine Waters a. Description. Estuarine waters are defined in G.S. 113- 229 (n)(2) as, 'all the water of the Atlantic Ocean within the boundary of North Carolina and all the waters of the bays, sounds, rivers, and tributaries theretc seaward of the dividing line be tween coastal fishing waters and inland fishing waters, as set forth in an agreement adopted by the Wildlife Resources Commission and the Department of Conservation and Development filed with the Secretary of State entitled 'Boundary Lines, North Carolina Com- mercial Fishing Inland Fishing Waters, revised March 1, 1965,' or is as it may be subsequently revised by the Legislature. b. Significance. Estuarines are among the most productive -230- natural environments of North Carolina. They not only support valuable commercial and sports fisheries, but are also utilized • for commercial navigation, recreation, and aesthetic purposes. Species dependent upon estuaries such as menhaden, shrimp, flound- er, oysters and crabs make up over 90 percent of the total value of North Carolina's commercial catch. These species must spend all or some part of their life cycle in the estuary. The high level of commercial and sports fisheries and the aesthetic ap- peal of Coastal North Carolina is dependent upon the protection and sustained quality of our estuarine areas. C. Policy Objective. To preserve and manage estuarine wa- ters so as to safeguard and perpetuate.their biological, economic, and aesthetic values. d. Specific Uses. Specific uses shall be those consistent with the above policy objective. Highest priority 'shall be given to the conservation of estuarine waters. The development of navigational channels, the use of bulkheads to prevent erosion, and the building of piers or wharfs where no other feasible al- ternative exists are examples of.land uses appropriate within estuarine waters, provided that such land uses will not be detri- mental to the biological and physical estuarine functions and pu- blic trust rights. Projects which would directly or indirectly block or impair existing navigation channels, increase shoreline erosion, deposit spoils below mean high tide, cause adverse water circulation patterns, violate water quality standards, or cause degradation of shellfish waters are generally considered incom- • patible with the management of estuarine waters. -231- • e. Location. Estuarine waters in Craven County consist of the Neuse and Trent Rivers beginning at the railroad bridges which cross each river to New Bern. The major creeks of the lower Neuse River are also included as estuarine waters. These waters are easily distinguished on the county's proposed AEC map. f. Enforcement. Enforcement of the specific land use re- quirements of the above subsection d. shall be maintained through existing state and federal law. 3.0 Renewable Resource Areas - Watersheds or Aquifers - General Public water supply watersheds or aquifers are defined as areas that are present sources of public water supply, as identi- fied by the N.C. Commission for Health Services or the Environmental Management Commission, or that are classified for water supply pursuant to G.S. 143-214.1. 3.1 Renewable Resource Areas - Watersheds or Aquifers - Small Surface Water Supplies a. Description. Defined as relatively small watersheds or catchment areas which contain a stream(s) classified A -I or A -II by the Environmental Management Commission. b. Significance. Small water supply watersheds represent a source of potable water for a locality or region. Any loss or serious detriment to such an area would have serious public health implications. Such a loss would also have a significant adverse financial impact. Uncontrolled development within the watershed would cause significant changes in the runoff patterns and would affect the quantity of water available as a raw water supply. Such development -232- would also adversely affect water quality by introducing a wide variety -of pollutants from, hones, businesses, or industries, Either • through discharg4 or surface runoff into the water supply. c. Policy Objective. To insure the continued maintenance of water quality and quantity of the surface water supply. d. Specific Land Uses. Specific land uses shall be those consistent with the above policy objective. e. Location. At the present time there are no watersheds on catchment areas in Craven County which contain a stream(s) classified A -I or,A-II by the Environmental Management Com- mission. This category will only become effective should a Craven County stream be so designated. f. Enforcement. Enforcement of the specific land use re- quirements of the above subsection d. shall be the responsibility of the N.C. Department of Natural and Economic Resources, Div- ision of Environmental Management. 4.0 Fragile, Historic or Natural Resource Areas - General Fragile or historic areas, and other areas containing environ- mental or natural resources of more than local significance, where uncontrolled or incompatible development could result in major or irreversible damage to important historic, cultural, scientific or scenic values or natural systems. 4.1 Fragile, Historic or Natural Resource Areas - Complex Natural Areas • a. Description. Complex natural areas are defined as lands that support native plant and animal communities and provide habitat conditions or characteristics that have remained essentially -233- 0 17� unchanged by human activity. Such areas are surrounded by land- scapes that have been modified but that do not drastically alter the conditions within the natural areas or their scientific -or educational value. Such areas will be determined by the Commission, after consideration of written reports or testimony of,competent experts, to be rare within a county or to be of particular scientific or educational value. b: Significance. Complex natural areas provide the few remaining examples of conditions that existed within the coastal area prior to settlement by Western man. Often these natural areas provide habitat conditions suitable for rare or endangered species or they support plant and animal communities representative of pre - settlement conditions. These areas help provide a historical perspective to changing natural conditions in the coastal area and together are important and irreplaceable scientific and educational resources. c. Policy Objective. To preserve the natural conditions of the site sL; as to safeguard its existence as an example of naturally occurring, relatively undisturbed plant and animal communities of major scientific or educational value. d. Specific Land Uses:. Specific land uses shall be those consistent with the above policy objective. Lands within the AEC shall not be planned for uses or kinds of development that will unnecessarily jeopardize the natural or primitive character of the natural area directly or indirectly through increased accessibility. Additionally, lands adjacent to the complex natural area should not be planned for additional development -234- that would unnecessarily endanger the recognized value of the AEC. The variability between kinds of complex natural areas and between • land uses adjacent to those natural areas means that the range of permissible uses and intensity of use must be carefully tailored to the individual area. e. Location. Complex natural areas in Craven County are located primarily within Croatan National Forest. f. Enforcement. Enforcement of the specific land use re- quirements of the above subsection d. shall be through the Craven County Planning Board and Inspection Department, and existing state and federal law. 4.2 Fragile, Historic or Natural Resource Areas - Areas that Sustain Remnant Species a. Description. Areas that sustain remnant species are those places that support native plants or animals, rare or endangered, within the coastal area. Such places provide habitat conditions necessary forthe survival of existing populations or communities of rare or endangered species within the County. Determination will be by the Commission based upon accepted lists published by the State or Federal Government and written reports or testimony of competent experts indicating that a species is rare or endangered within the coastal area. b. Significance. The continued survival of certain native plants and animals in the coastal area that are now rare or endan- gered cannot be assured unless the relatively few well defined • areas providing necessary habitat conditions are protected from development or land uses that might alter these conditions. These -235- • habitats and the species they support provide a valuable educa- tional and scientific resource. c. Policy Objective. To preserve habitat conditions necessary to the continued survival of rare or endangered native plants and animals and minimize development or land uses that might jeopardize known areas that support remnant species. d. Specific Land Uses. Specific land uses shall be those consistent with the above policy objective. Lands within the AEC shall not be planned for uses or kinds of development that will unnecessarily jeopardize the habitat conditions responsible for the continued survival of the respective plants or animals. e. Location. Identifiable areas within Craven County which sustain remnant species are small stands of old pine trees in Croatan National Forest which provide habitat of Red Cockaded Woodpeckers. These sites are limited to several acres or less and are currently being identified and mapped by the U.S. Forest Service. f. Enforcement. Enforcement of the specific land use requirements of the above subsection d. shall be the respon- sibility of the U.S. Forest Service and other appropriate federal agencies. -236- 4.3 Fragile, Historic or Natural Resource Areas - Areas Containing Unique Geological Formations a. Description. Areas containing unique geological formations will be identified by the State Geologist. These places contain surface or near surface formations that are either themselves unique or are especially unusual or notable examples of geologic formations or processes in the coastal area. b. Significance. Unique geological areas provide surface or near surface exposures of unique geologic formations or processes of the coastal area. They are important educational, scientific, or scenic resources that would be jeopardized by uncontrolled or incompatible development. C. Policy objective. To preserve the scientific, educational. or scenic values of unique geological formations so that they may be available for future study and enjoyment. d. Specific Land Uses. Specific land uses shall be those consistent with the above policy objective. Uses within areas containing unique geological formations shall be tailored to the particular unique qualities of the individual area. e. Location. Areas within Craven County containing unique geological formations are a marine molluscan site of Miocene Age near Spring Garden, a site of Pleistocene cypress stumps approx- imately 10 miles south of New Bern along the Neuse River, and a Neuse River exposure of Trent Limestone also near Spring Garden. f. Enforcement. Enforcement of the specific land use re- quirements of the above subsection d. shall be through G.S. 153A. -237- 4.4 Fragile, Historic or Natural Resource Areas - Historic Places • a. Description. Defined as historic places that are listed, or have been approved for listing by the North Carolina Historical Commission, in the National Register of Historic Places pursuant to the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966; historical, archaeological, and other places and properties owned, managed, or assisted by the State of North Carolina pursuant to G.S. 121; and properties or areas that are designated by the Secretary of the Interior as National Historic Landmarks. b. Significance. Historic resources are both non-renewable and fragile. They owe their significance to their association with American history, architecture, archaeology, and culture. Properties on or approved for the National Register of Historic Places may be of national, state, or local significance. c. Policy Objective. To protect and/or preserve the integrity of districts, sites, buildings, and objectivesin`the above categories. d. Specific Land Uses. Specific land uses shall be those consistent with the above stated policy objective. Land use which will result in substantial irreversible damage to the historic value of the area is inappropriate. e. Location. Craven County has two sites in the county planning jurisdiction which are included in the National Register of Places. Bellair, north of the junction of S.R. 1401 and S.R. 1419 and Clear Springs Plantation of N.C. near Jasper. 0 f. Enforcement. Enforcement of the specific land use re- quirements of the above subsection d. shall be maintained through enabling legislation G.S. 153A. -238- 5.0 Areas Subject to Public Rights -.General Areas such as waterways and lands under or flowed by tidal • waters or navigable waters, to which the public may have rights of access or public trust rights and areas which the State of North Carolina may be authorized to preserve, conserve, or protect under Article XIV, Section 5, of the North Carolina Constitution. 5.1 Areas Subject to Public Rights - Certain Public Trust Areas a. Description. All waters of the Atlantic Ocean and the lands thereunder from the mean high water mark to the seaward limit of State jurisdiction; all natural bodies of water subject to measurable lunar tides and lands thereunder to the mean high water mark; all navigable natural bodies of water and lands there- under to the mean high water mark or ordinary high water mark as the case may be, except privately owned lakes to which the public has no right of access; all waters in artificially created bodies of water in which exists significant public fishing resources or other public resources, which are accessible to the public by nav- igation from bodies of water in which the public has rights of navigation; all waters in artificially created bodies of water in which the public has acquired rights by prescription, custom, usage, dedication or any other means. In determing whether the water, the following factors shall be considered: (i) the use of the body of water by the public; (ii) the length of time the public has used the area; (iii) the value of public resources in the body of water; (iv) whether the public resources in the body of water are mobile to the extent that they can move into natural bodies of water; (v) whether the creation of the artificial body -239- 11 • of water required permission from the State; and (vi) the value of the body of water to the public for navigation from one public area to another public area. For purposes of the description in 5.0 and 5.1, the following definitions shall apply: (1) Mean High Water Mark means the line on the shore established by the average of all high tides. It is established by survey based on available tidal datum. In the absence of such datum, the mean high water mark shall be determined by physical markings or comparison of the area in question with an area having similar physical characteristics for which tidal datum is readily available. (2) Navigable means navigable -in -fact. (3) Navigable -in -Fact means capabile of being navigated in its natural condition by the ordinary modes of navigation including modes of navigation used for recreational purposes. The natural condition of a body of water for purposes of determining navigabil- ity shall be the condition of the body of water at mean high water or ordinary high water as the case may be, and the condition of the body of water with- out temporary natural obstructions. Temporary natural conditions such as water level fluctuation and temporary natural obstructions which do not permanent- ly or totally prevent navigation do not make an other- wise navigable -stream non -navigable. (4) Ordinary High Water Mark means the natural or clear line impressed on the land adjacent to the waterbody. It may be established by erosion or other easily recognized characteristics such as shelving, change in the character of the soil, destruction of terres- trial vegetation or its inability to grow, the presence of litter and debris, or other appropriate mean which consider the characteristics of the surrounding area. The ordinary high water mark does not extend beyond the well defined banks of a river where such banks exist. B. Significance. The public has rights in these waters in- cluding navigation and recreation. In addition, these waters support valuable commercial and sports fisheries, have aesthetic value, and are important potential resources for economic develop- ment. -240- c. Policy Objective. To protect public rights for navigation and recreation and to preserve and manage the public trust waters • so as to safeguard and perpetuate its biological, economic and aesthetic value. d. Specific Uses. Specific uses shall be those consistent with the above polciy objective. Any land use which interferes with the public right of navigation, or other public trust rights, which the public may be found to have in these waters, shall not be allowed. The development of navigational channels, drainage ditches, the use of bulkheads to prevent erosion, and the building of piers or wharfs are examples of land uses appropriate within public trust waters provided that such land uses will not be detri- mental to the biological and physical functions and public trust rights. Projects which would directly or indirectly block or impair existing navigation channels, increase shoreline erosion, deposit spoils below mean high tide, cause adverse water circulations patterns, violate water quality standards, or cause degradation of shellfish waters are generally considered incompatible with the management of public trust waters. e. Location. Lands within Craven County which meet the description requirements of subsection a. are found throughout the. County. Each individual site must therefore be judged on its own circumstances. f. Enforcement. Enforcement of the specific land use re- quirements of the above subsection d. shall be maintained through 40 existing state and federal law. 6.0 Natural Hazard Areas - General Natural hazard areas where uncontrolled or incompatible -241- development could unreasonable endanger life or property, and other • areas especially vulnerable to erosion, flooding, or other adverse effects of sand, wind, and water. 6.3 Natural Hazard Areas - Coastal Flood Plains a. Description. Coastal flood plain is defined as the land areas adjacent to coastal sounds, estuaries or the ocean which are prone to flooding from storms with an annual probability of one percent or greater (100 year storm). These areas are analogous to the 100 year flood plain on a river. Information necessary to identify these areas will be supplied by the State Geologist. b. Significance. Coastal flood plains are those lands subject to flooding or wave action during severe storms or hurricanes. They are lands where uncontrolled, incompatible, or improperly designed buildings,structures, facilities, and developments can unreasonably endanger life and property. Except for those portions of the areas lying within estuarine or ocean erodible areas, they are not generally or necessarily subject to severe erosion or dynamic action leading to replacement of the land with a body of . water. In most instances, structures within this area do not obstruct the flow of waters or create any additional back waters. C. Policy Objective. To ensure that all buildings, structures, facilities and developments are properly designed and built to maintain their stability, integrity, and safety in the event of flood surge from a 100 year storm. d. Specific Land Uses. Specific land uses shall be those . consistent with the above policy objective. It is reasonable to allow a certain degree of development if it is carefully controlled -242- 0 • and meets stringent engineering standards for stability, integrity and safety during'a 100 year storm. The land use plan may allow development activities, and if such development is undertaken, as a minimum it must conform with the standards of the Federal Insur- ance Administration for coastal high hazard areas and safety during the flood surge from a 100 year storm. (Code of Federal Regula- tions, Title 24, Chapter 10, Subchapter B). e. Location. Coastal Flood Plains are shown on U.S.G.S. and in some cases HUD maps. The maps are general and include all areas subject to coastal flooding. General flood plains are also depicted on the County's proposed AEC map. f. Enforcement. Enforcement of the specific requirements of the above subsection d. shall be maintained through the re- quirements of the Federal Insurance Administration. 6.4 Natural Hazard Areas - Excessive Erosion Areas - General Areas where geologic and soil conditions are such that there is substantial possibility of excessive erosion or seismic activity. 6.4.3 Natural Hazard Areas - Excessive Erosion Areas - Estuarine and River Erodible Areas a. Description. Defined as the area above ordinary high water where excessive erosion has a high probability of occurring. In delineating the landward extent of this area a reasonable 25-year recession line shall be determined using the best avail- able information. The information necessary to identify these areas will be supplied by the State Geologist. b. Significance. The estuarine and sound and river erodible -243- areas are natural hazard areas expecially vulnerable to erosion. • Development within this type AEC is subjected to the damaging process of erosion unless special development standards and. preventive measures are employed. c. Policy Objective. To insure that development occurring within these areas is compatible with the dynamic nature of the erodible lands thus minimizing the likelihood of significant loss of property. d. Specific Land Uses. Specific land uses shall be those consistent with the above policy objective. Permanent or sub- stantial residential, commercial, institutional or industrial structure are not appropriate uses in estuarine and sound and river erodible areas unless stabilization has been achieved along the affected reach. Recreational, rural and conservation activities represent appropriate land uses in those erodible areas where shoreline protective construction has not been completed. e. Location. River erodible areas are found along the Neuse River below New Bern. These areas are shown in general terms as proposed AEC's on the countywide map. f. Enforcement. Enforcement of the specific land use requirements for subsection d. above shall be maintained through G.S. 153A. 7.0 Development Standards Applicable to AU AECs a. No development should be allowed in any AEC which would • result in a contravention or violation of any rules, regulations, -244- i or laws of the State of North Carolina or of local government in which the development takes place. b. No development should be allowed in any AEC which would have a substantial likelihood of causing pollution of the waters of the State to the extent that such waters would be closed to the taking of shellfish under standards set by the Commission for Health Services pursuant to G.S. 130-169.01. -245- • C7 A. DATA COLLECTION, ANALYSIS, and CONCLUSIONS -247- Data collection required for development of'the Craven County • Land Development- Plan took nearly 18 months and was often an exhaustive process. in October of 1974 field surveys were begun to determine existing land use, the first step in the planning process. During the period following October, 1974 until November, 1975 when the first draft plan was submitted to the Coastal Re- sources Commission, data collection by staff was a daily duty. All departments in county government, the municipalities in Craven County, and many state and federal agencies were asked to assist and provide information for plan development. Private groups and individuals were often consulted and proved invaluable in obtaining reliable sources. Collection of data was organized following conventional plan riLiIL for sequence, but not necessarily for methods.Exsiting information on land use, population, and economy was gathered on each township and presented to the citizens attending each township meeting. After each meeting sunumaries were printed in the news- paper and goals formulated. Proposed areas of environmental cc,ncern were drawn from state categories by the Advisory Board and Planning Board. Land classification resulted in continuing efforts by the planning groups above and many individuals. An important step was reached when the first draft was submitted on November 21, 1975. After extensive review by the Coastal Resources Commission, revisions and corrections, the plan is required to meet,the test of public review, County adoption, and implementation. -248- Major Conclusions Any conclusion drawn for the Plan can easily be seen in the • goals and objectives section. The six goals: Recreation • Education Road System Water and Sewer Wildlife Protection Encouragement of Proper Development indicate the desire of the people of Craven County to preserve Craven County and its many resources, not only for the present, but also for many future generations. • A second major conclusion can be drawn from the first. Citizens of Craven County must be consulted on any manner of attempt at land use planning or control by any agency local or otherwise. Planning without the assistance or desire of the people will cer- tainly fail. -249- • • B. APPLICATION OF DATA -250- Data was applied in every instance to plan formulations. Data was researched, collected, and presented to the planning • groups and in mpLny cases, specialized experts and the general public. is Constraints in the application of data were the CAMA guide- lines and general desires of the County. In most cases little or no conflict existed. Only in certain transition areas where density is not anticipated to reach required figures does signi- ficant conflict occur. Soil conditions in these areas dictate the necessity of central water and sewer service and justify inclusion as county transition zones. Development in coastal flood plains is the only other area where conflict may exist between county wishes and CAMA guidelines. This question, however, can only be resolved after Areas of Environmental Concern area designed and criteria for protection adopted. Formulation of all other sections of the Land Use Plan were a direct analysis and interpretati rn of data collected. -251 IX. CITY COUNTY RELATIONSHIP -252- An excellent relationship has existed between the munici- palities and Craven County during the planning process. At no • time has any difficulty arisen to jeopardize the planning effort. Relationships with individual towns can be divided into two categories. First, the Towns of Bridgeton, Cove City, Dover, and Vance- boro were part of the county planning program. Parts II through V of the county plan contain individual sections on each of the towns. Development of these sections including goals,and objec- tives were a direct result of the willingness of the elected officials and town citizens to take part in the program. These sections were developed as tools for the towns and should be considered as an integral part of the county land use plan, and not only as supplement to it. The second relationship between New Bern, Havelock, Trent Woods, and Craven County was on a different basis. Cities of New Bern and Havelock, and Town of Trent Woods prepared their own land plans individually from.the County. Many efforts of coordination insured consistancy in planning. Most important were the joint meetings held between elected officials, citizens, and staff. The success of the program.'can be easily seen in.the land class- fiication maps of Craven County, Havelock, New Bern, and Trent Woods. Complete agreement in classification of fringe areas is obvious and can be attributed solely to coordination. In summary, the working relationship between Craven County • and the municipalities has generally been and should continue to -253- • be very good. The key to success is in coordination and communi- cation. Each should be stressed at every level of local govern-;. ment to guarantee the citizens the best government possible for, his or her tax dollars. -254- • • PART - II BRIDGETON -255- TABLE OF CONTENTS . PART II - BRIDGETON Page I. POPULATION AND ECONOMY . . . . . . . . . . . . 258 Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 . . . 258 Population 258 Economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260 II. EXISTING LAND USE . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260 Urban Land Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260 Residential . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261 Trade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261 Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261 Industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261 Non -Urban Land Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261 III. CURRENT PLANS, POLICIES, AND REGULATIONS . . . 263 Plans and Policies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263 Local Regulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263 Federal and State Regulations. . . . . . . . . 263 IV. CONSTRAINTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264 Physical Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264 Fragile Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265 Areas with Resource Potential . . . . . . . 265 V. COMMUNITY FACILITIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266 Town Hall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266 Police Protection . . . . . . . . . . . 266 Fire Protection . . . . . . . . 266 -256- Page Highway System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267 • Schools . . . • . . . . • • • • . . • . . 267 Water and Sewer . . . . . . . • . • . . . . . 269 Community Facility Demands . . . . . • . . . . 269 VI. GOALS . . . . . . . . • . • •.• • • . . . 269 VII. FUTURE POPULATION AND ECONOMY . . . . . . . . 271 Population Projections • . . . . . . • . . . 271 Income Projections . . . . . . . . . . . . 272 VIII. FUTURE LAND USE . . • • • • • • • • • . . . . 273 IX. AREAS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERN . . • . • . . . 273 LIST OF TABLES Table No. Title Page 1 Population 1930-1970 . . . . . . . . . 258 2 1970 Population by Age and Sex . . . . 259 3 Existing Land Use . . . . . • . . . . . 261 LIST OF MAPS Bridgeton Existing Land Use . . . . . . . . . 262 Bridgeton Community Facilities . . . . . . . . 268 -257- I. POPULATION AND ECONOMY • PROFILE The Town of Bridgeton is located on the northern bank of the Neuse River across the River from New Bern. The Town is connected to New Bern by both a two-lane highway bridge and railroad tressel. Bridgeton was chartered in 1907 and was named for the bridge pro- viding the community access to New Bern. The Town is served by U.S. Highway 17 and Highway 55, and by rail by the Southern Railroad. Bridgeton is one of the two commun- ities in Craven County located north of the Neuse River. The 1970 census of population shows that Bridgeton has a population of 520 persons located within the center of population for Craven County. Bridgeton marks the southern extent of suburban strip which has developed along Highway 17 to Vanceboro. Functionally, Bridgeton is considered to be a satellite or suburb residential area to New Bern as well as acting as a minor service center for development north of the Neuse River. POPULATION The population of Bridgeton fluctuated somewhat until 1950 when a high of 805 persons was reached. Since 1950 the population has decreased until the 40-year low of 520 persons was reached in 1970. TABLE 1 POPULATION 1930-1970 Year Population 1930 721 • 1940 616 1950 805 1960 638 .. 1970 520 -258- The population for the Town is not expected to vary to any great extent during this ten year planning period. However, in order to better analyze the population of Bridgeton a more detailed breakdown of the overall population is necessary. The racial composition of Bridgeton is almost completely white with 509 or 97.9 percent as compared to a non -white popu- lation of 11 or 2.1 percent. Another consideration when studying the population of a town is the age and sexual make-up of the population. There are a few more females than males in the sexual make-up of the popula- tion of Bridgeton. There are 239 males, or 46 percent of the population, and 281 females or 54 percent of the population within the corporate limits of Bridgeton. The population of Bridgeton is distributed fairly evenly by age groups with some slight weighting, as may be expected, in the early teenage group. TABLE 2 1970 POPULATION BY AGE AND SEX Years Male Female Under 5 18 18 5 3 1 6 4 8 7-9 9 8 10-13 18 15 14 7 9 15 5 5 16 9 2 17 6 9 18 5 3 19 5 8 20 3 12 21 6 6 22-24 14 14 • 25-34 35-44 20 26 25 22 45-54 34 42 -259- r: • TABLE 2 1970 POPULATION BY AGE AND SEX Cont. Years Male 55-59 17 60-61 1 62-64 7 65-74 15 75 & Over 7 TOTAL 239 ECONOMY 20 5 8 23 18 The economy of Bridgeton is closely related to New Bern and surrounding Craven County. Accurate information on a town of Bridgeton's size is difficult to obtain. Also when a community is so directly tied to another much larger one, more valid infor- mation can be gained by looking at the entire area. The county plan should be consulted for economic data. II. EXISTING LAND USE The extent and pattern of land use -and land use problems in Bridgeton were determined by a survey conducted in March, 1975. The land uses were divided into twelve generalized categories: CATEGORY URBAN AND BUILT-UP Residential Commercial Industrial Transportation, Communication, and Utilities Government and Institutional Cultural, Entertainment, and Recreation Undeveloped Land COLOR CODE Yellow Red. Violet Grey Dark Blue Green White -260- CATEGORY COLOR CODE AGRICULTURE Brown Hatched FORESTLAND Breen Hatched WATER Light Blue WETLAND Light Blue Hatched BARREN (including beaches, surface extration and cleared transitional land) Brown A detailed land use map was produced at the scale of 1"=2001. The existing land use map shown in this document on page 262 was produced from the original map to provide a printable map. The Town of Bridgeton has approximately 232.55 acres within its corporate limits, with the majority of the land that is de- veloped in urban land uses being classified as residential. There are four major classifications of urban land use found in Bridge- ton, those being residential, trade, service, and industrial. These uses make up the urban land use within the Town with the re- mainder of the lands classified as agriculture or vacant. TABLE 3 EXISTING LAND USE Land Use Tvves Acres Percent Residential 26.16 65.99 Trade 2.42 6.10 Service 7.93 20.01 Industrial 3.13 7.90 Total 39.64 100.00 Non -Urban Land Use 192.91 The greatest amount of land developed in an urban land class in Bridgeton is residential. The 1970 census indicates that there -261- • BRIDGETON EXISTING LAND USE MAP -262- are 224 housing units within Bridgeton. The substantial decrease in population between 1960 and 1970 with the "no growth" trend extending through the present along with the depressed housing mar- ket would indicate that this figure is relative to todays housing stock. Residential development is found almost exclusively be- tween Highway 17 on the north and east, the Neuse River on the south and Academy Street on the west. Uses'classified as trade are found for the most part, to have developed along either side of Highway 17 with a few exceptions scattered through the Town. Those uses classified as service are few in number in acreage and are found clustered in the proximity of Bridge Street with the only exception being the school located on Academy between A and B Streets. The only industrial site in the Town is located at Pine and B Streets and extends to the river. III. CURRENT PLANS, POLICIES AND REGULATIONS The Town of Bridgeton currently has no plans or policies other than water line installation and street paving and no re- gulations developed or enforced by the Town. Bridgeton has signed a resolution, which allows the county to enforce its building, plumbing, and electrical codes and subdivision regulations within the town limits. Federal and state regulations applying to Bridgeton's juris- diction are the same as those applying to Craven County and for specific information, the county land development plan should be contacted. • -263- 0 • IV. CONSTRAINTS PHYSICAL LIMITATIONS The major problem in Bridgeton related to physical limita- tions on development is the fact that the mean sea level eleva- tion of the Town is so low. There is also related problem of soils which have very high organic contents to the north of the Town and swampy soils to the west. These are seen to be major problems to development, both existing and future. The Town has three major soil series within its' corporate limits; the chipley series, the murville series, and a highly organic muck series. All series have grainy severe limitations, - are nearly flat, and subject to flooding. The chipley series con- stitutes the majority of the soils in Bridgeton and has moderate limitations for dwellings and roadways although septic tanks have severe limitations. Bridgeton has a topography typical to most areas in eastern North Carolina in that it is relatively flat. The average eleva- tion above sea level is between five and ten feet sloping toward the river on the south and inland to the north with the highest elevation of approximately ten feet mean sea level along a narrow ridge following C Street. The entire Town is subject to coastal flooding from the Neuse River. The Town of .Bridgeton has no areas within the municipal limits in which the slope could be considered steep. The elevation caries only slightly throughout the entire Town. The land slopes gently toward the Neuse River and forms a high mean sea level -264- elevation of ten feet down to water level in the Neuse. The Town of Bridgeton presently does not have a central water system therefore all water is produced by domestic wells. Gener- ally the wells are shallow and draw water from the Castle Hayne aquifer, the predominant limestone aquifer in the area. These wells, and especially the shallow ones, are subject to contamina- tion and infiltration. The Town is badly in need of a central water treatment and distribution system. FRAGILE AREAS The Town of Bridgeton has no areas within its corporate lim- its which are unique or could be classified as predominant or fragile features of the landscape. The Town is entirely within the flood plain of the Neuse River which does perform a unique function and merits protection which will be provided through the Federal Insurance Administration F1ood,Plain Regulations. The Town also borders on the Neuse River which can be considered a fragile feature of the environment and is most definitely a natur- al resource not only available to Bridgeton but anyone wishing to use it wisely. AREAS OF RESOURCE POTENTIAL Bridgeton does not possess any areas which should be classi- fied as prime resource areas. As mentioned previously, the Town is adjacent to the Neuse River which is an important natural re- source to the area. There are no prime natural resource areas within Bridgeton. 10 -265- V. COMMUNITY FACILITIES • The community facilities for Bridgeton are felt to be adequate except for the lack of a water and sewer system and possibly cer- tain recreation facilities. Funds are being sought to develop a community water system which is a prerequisite to a sewer system for the Town. Recreation facilities are available at the Bridgeton School and across the river in New Bern. mnTAM oars_ The Bridgeton Town Hall is located at the corner of Bridge and C Streets. The building serves as both the Town Hall and fire department. The structure is sound and space is currently ade- quate to serve both the Town and fire department. POLICE PROTECTION The Bridgeton Police Department currently has one full-time fully equipped officer. Equipment includes a patrol car and mo- dern radio communications system capable of providing back-up service by the Craven County Sheriff's Department. FIRE PROTECTION The Bridgeton Fire Department is located at the intersection of Bridge and C Streets in Bridgeton. The 3,200 square foot building which contains 2 bays for fire trucks, also serves as the Bridgeton Town Hall. The building was completely remodeled in 1965. The department is manned by 28 volunteer firemen on 24-amour call. Major fire fighting equipment includes one 500 GPM,1500 gallon booster tank, radio equipped pumper and one 2,000 gallon -266- capacity radio -equipped tanker. The two fire trucks are 1959 and 1958 models respectively. The Bridgeton Fire Department has a Class 9AA fire insurance rating. It is known as Station 12 in the county fire system. HIGHWAY SYSTEM Highway 17 bisects Bridgeton and is connected by the bridge to New Bern. Highway 17 is the major north -south highway in the area and generates a great deal of traffic volume through Bridge- ton. Highway 55 connects with Highway 17 at Bridgeton and pro- vides the primary access to Pamlico County. Approximately 15,000 vehicles cross the Neuse River Bridge daily passing back and forth through Bridgeton. The daily flow to and from Pamlico Coun- ty using Highway 55 is approximately 6,500 while 9,500 vehicles travel Highway 17 north. The internal street pattern of the Town has developed in a grid. The road system is felt to be adequate to serve the exist- ing population of the Town and if unexpected growth occurs the system could be expanded without great difficulty. SCHOOLS The Bridgeton Elementary School is located on a seven acre site on B Street in Bridgeton and is part of the Craven County System. The original school, consisting of six classrooms, library and office space, was constructed in 1925 with additions in 1928, 1953, 1955, 1957, and 1961. The additions consisted of nine • classrooms, kitchen -cafeteria and an auditorium. Today the school has a total of 17 classrooms, two of which are mobile classroom units. -267- • BRIDGETON COMMUNITY FACILITIES 9i u The Bridgeton School contains grades K through six and has a membership enrollment of 519 students. The school has 20 • faculty members, two administrative personnel, two custodians and six member cafeteria staff. WATER AND SEWER TREATMENT PLANT The Town does not have either a water or sewage system and therefore has no treatment plant. COMMUNITY FACILITY DEMANDS The Town of Bridgeton lacks both a water and a sewer system. There is also a need, as in many small communities, for most other community facilities and services. There exists a need presently to provide facilities and services for the people now living in Bridgeton; however, it is necessary that such services be provided before the Town can expect to attract further develop- ir►ent and thereby create growth. VI. GOALS Goals for the Town of Bridgeton were established through direct citizen input in the form of public meetings and response to a questionnaire and formalized by the Town Board in a public meeting. The Town decided on three practical goals and prioritized them as to their urgency. Goal 1: A public water system in order to protect from the contamination of existing domestic wells. Objectives: To secure funds for the installation of a water system through available grants, loans and local • funds. -269- -- To design a system to best serve the Town. 0 -- To provide for the administration of the system. • -- To provide for the installation of the system. and begin service. Goal 2: A public sewage disposal system. Objectives: To coordinate with the existing 201 facility plan. -- To secure funds for installation. -- To provide for administration of the system. -- To provide for the installation of the system and begin service. Goal 3: The establishment of planning and zoning in order to provide for the protection of property and assist in proper community development. Objectives: To request from the County of Craven assistance in developing proper planning policies for the Town. -- To develop a zoning ordinance coordinated with the county's overall planning program. These are the major goals and objectives as established by the Town and which they will take steps to implement. These goals are seen to be vital if Bridgeton is to provide needed ser- vices to present residents and attract new development. -270- VII. FUTURE POPULATION AND ECONOMY • POPULATION PROJECTIONS The Town of Bridgeton should not experience any significant growth during the ten year planning period between 1975-1985. A range is used for population estimates and justified by assuming that the population of Bridgeton is now, and will continue.to be, a constant proportion of the population of Craven County. The use of a range for population estimates has the benefit of using, for example, the low end of the range to predict incoming revenue so as not to over project funds, while using the high end of the range to project community facility needs in order to serve an unexpected surge in population. It is also necessary to recog- nize that as estimates are made farther into the future; they tend to lose validity. However, estimates have been made for the years 1980, 1985, 1990, 2000, and 2025. Future Population Estimates 1980 1985 1990 2000 2025 Bridgeton 523-589 515-614 498-631 481-647 457-706 Source: North Carolina Department of Administration The Town of Bridgeton had a 1970 population of 520 persons making it too small for the Department of Administration to main- tain records or make any meaningful population projection. In order to obtain projections for the Town, it was assumed that the population of Bridgeton is now and would remain a proportion of the total Craven County population which is available from the De- partment of Administration. By determining the 1970 percentage of population that Bridgeton represented of the County as a whole,. -271- projections could then be made as to the future population of the • Town. The 1985 population estimates for Bridgeton indicates a pos- sible range of population between 515 and 614 with a mean of 565. This would indicate a minor increase in population since 1970. Bridgeton presently lacks the resources as well as having physical. limitations of the land and therefore will encounter major pro- blems in attracting major development that would be necessary for substantial population increase. Bridgeton lacks sewer and water systems as well as some general services required for major de- velopment. The Town is accessible by both highway and rail and is sub- ject to a great deal of through traffic using Highway 17. However, in order to attract development and encourage these travelers to stop, Bridgeton must be able to provide needed services. The Town cannot expect to grow until these services are available. Bridgeton is expected to retain its role as a minor service area for the citizens in northeast Craven County as well as a dormitory Town for New Bern. INCOME PROJECTIONS Income projections are extremely difficult to accurately pre- dict for any municipality. The difficulty increases as the com- munity size decreases. Additional complexities arise when con- sidering the relative closeness and economic dependence on.New Bern. Income projections are therefore not attempted for Bridge- ton in this text. A valid assumption would; however, see continued rise in both family and per capita incomes. Meaningful attempts -272- to judge the net gain or loss of income versus inflation is dif- ficult also and cannot be attempted. VIII. FUTURE LAND USE The Town of Bridgeton is classified as being a transition area in the ten year land use projections for the County. The transition class is identified as lands where moderate to high density growth is to be encouraged and where any such growth that is permitted by local regulation will be provided with the necessary public services. Bridgeton is considered to be in the transition class due to its present population density and its proximity to New Bern even though they are separated by the Neuse River. Population projections do not indicate that Bridgeton will increase in pop- ulation during the following ten year planning period; however, the density does exist and the need for water and sewer facili- ties is obvious. The potential for growth within Bridgeton is increased as Treasure Cove develops and with the installation of sewer and water facilities within -the Town, this area north of the Neuse River could have high development potential during the se- cond ten year planning period beginning in 1985. IX. AREAS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERN Coastal Flood Plains are the only possible AEC found in Bridge- ton, the following is a discussion of that category. 7.42 Natural Hazard Areas - Coastal Flood Plains • A. Description. Coastal flood plain is defined as the land -273- areas adjacent to coastal sounds, estuaries or the ocean which are • prone to flooding from storms with an annual probability of one percent or greater (100 year storm) as identified by the State Geologist. These areas are analogous to the 100 year flood plain on a river. b. Significance. Coastal flood plains are those lands sub- ject to flooding or wave action during severe storms or hurricanes. They are lands where uncontrolled, incompatible, or improperly de- signed buildings, structures, facilities, and developments can un- reasonably endanger life and property. Except for those portions of the areas lying within estuarine or ocean erodible areas, they are not generally or necessarily subject to severe erosion or dy- namic action leading to replacement of the land with a body of water. Unlike riverine floodways, structures within this area do not obstruct the flow of flood waters or create any additional back waters. c. Policy Objective. To ensure that all buildings, struc- tures, facilities and developments are properly designed and built to maintain their stability, integrity, and safety in the event of flood surge from a 100 year storm. d. Specific Land Uses. Specific land uses shall be those consistent with the above policy objective. It is reasonable to allow a certain degree of development if it is carefully controlled and meets stringent engineering standards for stabilityy, integrity, and safety during a 100 year storm. The land.use plan may allow • development activities, and if such development is undertaken, as a minimum it must conform with the standards of the Federal Insur- -274- ance Administration for coastal high hazard areas and safety during the flood surge from a 100 year storm. (Code of Federal Regula- • tions, Title 24, Chapter 10, Subchapter B). • e. Enforcement. Enforcement of the specific requirements of the above subsection d. shall be maintained through the requirements of the Federal Insurance Administration. Coastal Flood Plains are shown on U.S.G.S. and in some cases HUD maps. The maps are general and include all areas subject to coastal flooding. General flood plains are also depicted on the County's proposed AEC map. -275- • • PART - III COVE CITY -276- TABLE OF CONTENTS PART III - COVE CITY • Page I. POPULATION AND ECONOMY . . . . . . . 279 Profile . . . . . . . . . . o 279 Population . . . . . . . . . . . • • . . . 279 Economy o . . . . . . . 280 II. EXISTING LAND USE . . . . . . . . . . 281 Urban Land Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281 Residential . . . . . . . . . . . • . 281 Trade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281 Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281 Non -Urban Land Use . . . . . . . . . . . . 281 III. CURRENT PLANS, POLICIES, AND REGULATIONS 282 Plans and Policies . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282. Local Regulations . . . . . . . . . . . 282 Federal and State Regulations . . . . . 282 IV. CONSTRAINTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284 Physical Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . 284 Fragile Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285 Areas with Resource Potential . . . . . . . 285 V. COMMUNITY FACILITIES . . . . . . . . . . . . 2P5 Town Hall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285 Police Protection . . . . . . . . . 286 • Fire Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286 -277- Page • Highway System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286 Schools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286 Water and Sewer . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288 Community Facility Demands . . . . . . . . 288 • VI. GOALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288 VII. FUTURE POPULATION AND ECONOMY . . . . . . 289 Population Projections . . . . . . . . 289. Income Projections . . . . . . . . . . . . 291 VIII. FUTURE LAND USE . . . . . . . . . 291 IX. AREAS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERN . . . . . . 292 LIST OF TABLES Table No. Title Page 1 Population 1930-1970. . . . . . . . 279 2 1970 Population by Age and Sex . . 280 3 Existing land Use . . . . . . . 282 LIST OF MAPS Cove City Existing Land Use . . . . . 283 Cove City Community Facilities . . . . . . . . . 287 -278- I. POPULATION AND ECONOMY • PROFILE The Town of Cove City is located on Highway 70 in the south- • western portion of the County between New Bern and Dover. The Town is served by the major east -west highway in the area (U.S. 70) and by the Southern Railroad. This gives the Town accessibil- ity both by highway and by rail. Cove City has developed along Highway 70 and to.the north and south along State Road 1256. Cove City provides services to the surrounding agricultural areas main- ly in Craven County. Cove City was named for Cove Creek, tri- butary of the Neuse River which follows near the town limits. POPULATION The population of Cove City increased sharply between 1930 and 1950. Between 1950 and 1970 the population stabilized. There is also a noticeable decrease in population.between 1960 and 1970. TABLE 1 POPULATION 1930-1970 Year Population 1930 194 1940 371 1950 465 1960 551 1970 485 Although the future population of Cove City is not expected to vary substantially from the present population, a more detailed review of the population composition is desirable. A study of the racial composition of Cove City shows that -279- there are quite a few more white residents than black. There are • 311 white residents or 64.1 percent of the population and 1974 black residents or 35.9 percent of the population. The age -sex breakdown is also an important consideration. The population of Cove City is weighted somewhat in favor of the fe- male. There are 263 females in Cove City or 54.2 percent of the population as compared to 222 males or 45.8 percent. The popula- tion is alos somewhat larger in the pre -teen and early teenage groups. TABLE 2 1970 POPULATION BY AGE AND SEX Years Male Female Under 5 21 23 5 1 7 6 3 6 7-9 12 16 10-13 22 22 14 4 10 15 3 7 16 8 8 17 7 4 18 7 6 19 7 1 20 3 5 21 3 5 22-24 8 8 25-34 25 28 35-44 31 39 45-54 24 15 55-59 12 9 60-61 4 8 62-64 3 9 65-74 13 16 75 & Over 1 11 TOTAL 222 263 • ECONOMY The economy of Cove City is directly related to Craven County. -280- • The size of Cove City also makes economic data difficult to obtain or project without current surveys ofthe desired area. The county plan should therefore be consulted for generalized economic data. II. EXISTING LAND USE The extent and pattern of land use and land use problems in Cove City were determined by a survey conducted in October, 1974. The land uses were divided into and mapped in twelve generalized categories: 0nMVnAvv URBAN AND BUILT-UP Residential Commercial Industrial Transportation, Communication, and Utilities Government and Institutional Cultural, Entertainment, and Recreation Undeveloped Land AGRICULTURE FORESTLAND WATER WETLAND BARREN (including beaches, surface extraction and cleared transitional land) COLOR CODE Yellow Red Violet Grey Dark Blue Green White Brown Hatched Green Hatched Light Blue Light Blue Hatched Brown A detailed land use map was produced at the scale of 1"=2001. The existing land use map shown in this document on page 283 was reduced from the original map to provide a printable map. The Town of Cove City has approximately 397 acres within the corporate limits, with the majority of the land being either unde- -281- veloped or developed in non -urban uses. Only 83.65 acres or 21.1 • percent of the total acreage of the Town.is developed in urban uses with the remaining 313.43 acres, or 78.9 percent, not,used for urban purposes. There are three major classifications of ur- ban land use found in Cove City; those being residential, trade, and service. TABLE 3 EXISTING LAND USE Land Use Types Residential Trade Service Total Urban Land Use Non -Urban Land Use Acres Percent 71.03 85 7.24 9 5.38 6 83.65 100 313.43 The greatest amount of land developed in an urban land class is residential. The 1970 census indicates that there are 149 housing units in Cove City. The decrease in population between 1960 and 1970 and the lack of substantial increase in population since 1970 would tend to substantiate this figure. Residential development is found for the most part along Highway 70 and in clusters along North and South Main Street. Uses classified as trade are found to be, in most cases, stripped along Highway 70 while those uses classified as service are found to be scattered around the Town. These are the only three types of uses found to exist in Cove • City and make up the urban land use for the Town. III. CURRENT PLANS, POLICIES, AND REGULATIONS The Town of Cove City currently has no plans or policies other -282- • • COVE CITY EXISTING LAND USE MAP -283- than water line installation and street paving and no regulations developed or enforced by the Town. Cove City has signed a resolu- • tion which allows the County to enforce its building, plumbing, and electrical codes and subdivision regulations within the town limits. Federal and state regulations applying to Cove City's juris- diction are the same as those applying to Craven County. For specific information the county land development plan should be contacted. IV. CONSTRAINTS PHYSICAL LIMITATIONS Cove City has no areas which could be classified as hazard- ous. General physical limitations do not seem to be a drawback to development in Cove City. Cove City has no areas which are flooded from coastal or riverine floods. Drainage, however, can be a problem with heavy rains causing local temporary flooding in the lower areas. Soils are currently being surveyed by the Soil Conservation Service and are not discussed in this text. The survey for this section of Craven County should be completed shortly. The Town of Cove City presently does have a water distribu- tion system and gets its water from wells owned by the City of New Bern. Fresh water is supplied in shallow wells by the Castle Hayne aquifer and in deep wells, deeper than 100 feet, by water • from the Peedee formation. -284- The Town of Cove City has no areas within the municipal lim- • its in which the slope could be considered steep. The elevation varies less than 10 feet througout the entire Town. The land slopes vary gradually to the east and southwest with the lowest elevations in the southwest portion of the Town. The majority of the developed area of the Town is above 45 feet mean sea level. The overall elevation of the Town is above 40 feet mean sea level. The elevation does drop off gradually to the south and east down to less than 25 feet mean sea level in some cases. FRAGILE AREAS The Town of Cove City has no areas within its corporate li- mits which are unique or could be classified as predominant or fragile features of the landscape. There are not even any flood plains which could possibly be classified as performing a unique function. AREAS OF RESOURCE POTENTIAL Cove City does not possess any areas which should be classi- fied as prime resource areas. A portion of the Town's undeveloped urban area is in woodland or agricultural production, although not to any unique extent. These areas also lack the scale which would include them in the resource potential classification. V. COMMUNITY FACILITIES TOWN HALL The Cove City Town Hall is located in the Fire Department and • is operated only on a part-time basis. The facility is adequate for the present and immediate future. -285- POLICE PROTECTION Cove City does not have a municipal police department. Law • enforcement is provided by the Craven County Sheriff's Department. on the same basis as in rural areas of Craven County. FIRE PROTECTION The Cove City Fire Department is located on Trenton Highway in the Town of Cove City. The Department is manned by 30 volunteer firemen on 24 hour call. Major fire fighting equipment includes one 750 GPM-350 gallon booster tank capacity, radio equipped, one 250 GPM-600 gallon booster tank, and one 1,000 gallon capacity tanker. The Cove City Fire Department has a Class 9A fire insurance rating, and is known as Station 32 in the county fire system. HIGHWAY SYSTEM Highway 70 bisects the Town of Cove City and provides a great deal of traffic volume through the Town. This traffic is gener- ated in New Bern and Kinston and points east and west respectively. The internal street arrangement is random and does not form any particular pattern. The existing street pattern is felt to be adequate to serve the existing development and could be expended if growth occurs. Approximately 4,600 vehicles pass through Cove City daily using Highway 70, although Highway 70 bypass will reduce this volume possibly a great deal. • SCHOOLS The Town of Cove City has no schools within the corporate li- MUID • 0 COVE CITY COMMUNITY FACILITIES MAP -287- mits and buses its students to various schools within the County system. • WATER AND SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT The Town of Cove City does .not have a sewer system. The Town is in need of one, and funds are being sought. The map of the Town's existing community facilities will give a better idea of the area served by these facilities. COMMUNITY FACILITY DEMANDS The Town of Cove City lacks a sewer system. There is also a need, as is in other very small communities, for most of the other community facilities such as police and.recreation. There exists a need presently to provide facilities and services for the people now living in Cove City; however, it is necessary that such services be provided before the Town can expect to attract further development and thereby create growth. VI. GOALS Goals «r._i objectives for the Town of Cove City were esta- blished through direct input in the form of public meetings and response to a questionnaire and formalized by the County Planning and CAMA Advisory Boards. Three practical goals were established and prioritized as to their urgency. 0 -288- Goal 1: Additional recreation sites and facilities. • Objectives: To secure funds for installation. -- To provide for administration of the system. , -- To provide for the installation of the system and begin services. Goal 2: Public sewage disposal system. Objectives: To develop an overall recreation plan for Cove City. -- To take appropriate steps to implement the plan through local, state and federal funding. These are the major goals and objectives as established, and necessary steps should be taken by the Town and County to imple- ment them. These goals are seen to be vital if Cove City is to attract development and grow. VII. FUTURE POPULATION AND ECONOMY POPULATION PROJECTIONS The Town of Cove City is not expected to show any significant increase in population during the ten year planning period between 1975-1985. A range for future population estimates is used and is justified by assuming that the population of Cove City is now and will continue to be, a constant proportion of the population of Craven County. The use of a range for population estimates has the benefit of using, for example, the low end of the range to predict incoming revenue to as not to over project funds, while • using the high end of the range to project community facility -289- 0 needs in order to serve an unexpected surge in population: It is also necessary to recognize that as estimates are made farther into the future they tend to lose validity. However, estimates have been made for the years 1980, 1985, 1990? 2000, and 2025. Future Population Estimates 1980 1985 1990 2000 2025 Cove City 491-554 484-577 468-593 452-608 429-663 Source: North Carolina Department of Administration The Town of Cove City had a 1970 population of 485 persons making it too small for the Department of Administration to main - Lain records or make any meaningful population projection. In order to obtain projections for the Town it was assumed that the population of Cove City is now, and would remain, a proportion of the total Craven County population which is available from the Department of Administration. By determining the 1970 percentage of population that Cove City represented of the County as a whole, projections could then be made as to the future population of the Town. The 1985 population estimates for Cove City indicates a pos- sible range of population between 484 and 577 with a mean of 531. This would indicate a minor increase in the population since 1970. Cove City presently lacks the resources to attract the major de- velopment that would be necessary for substantial population in- crease. Cove City's lack of a sewer system.as well as the lack of general services is due to its size. -290- The Town is accessible both by highway and by rail although • the new Highway 70 bypass will reduce the traffic on old Iiighway 70. Cove City must be able to provide needed services to prospec- tive industry to grow beyond existing boundaries. INCOME PROJECTIONS Income projections are .extremely difficult to accurately predict for any municipality. The difficulty increases as the community size decreases. Income projections are therefore not attempted for Cove -City in this text. A valid assumption would; however, see continued rise in both family and per capita incomes. Meaningful attempts to judge the next gain or loss of income ver- sus inflation is difficult also and cannot be attempted. VIII. FUTURE LAND USE The Town of Cove City is classified as being a community under the future land classification system for the ten year plan- ning period 1975-1985. The community class is lands identified as existing and new clusters of low density development not requiring major public services. The Town of Cove City is considered to be a community due to the population density and the lack of public facilities. Cove City is not on a priority list for sewage facilities and with the completion of the Highway 70 bypass traffic flow through Cove City will be reduced and therefore reducing the potential for growth • in Town. -291- • • IX. AREAS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERN Core City does not have any areas which can be recommended as possible Areas of Environmental Concern. -292- • PART -- I V DOVER -293- TABLE OF CONTENTS . PART IV - DOVER Page I. POPULATION AND ECONOMY . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296 Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296 Population . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296 Economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298 II. EXISTING LAND USE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298 Urban Land Use . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . 298 Residential . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299 Trade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299 Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299 Transportation, Communication & Utilities. . . 299 Non -Urban Land Use . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . 299 III. CURRENT PLANS, POLICIES, AND REGULATIONS . . . . 301 Plans and Policies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301 Local Regulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301 Federal and State Regulations. . . . . . . . . . 301 IV. CONSTRAINTS . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . 301 Physical Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301 Fragile Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302 Areas with Resource Potential . . . . . . . . . 302 V. COMMUNITY FACILITIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303 Town Hall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303 • Police Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303 Fire Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303 -294- Page • Highway System . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303 Schools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . •304 Water and Sewer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 304 Community Facility Demands . . . . . . . . 304 VI. GOALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 306 • VII. FUTURE POPULATION AND ECONOMY . . . . . . . . 307 Population Projections . . . . . . . . . . . . 307 Income Projections o . . . . . . . 308 VIII. FUTURE LAND USE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309 IX. AREAS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERN • • . . . . . . 309 LIST OF TABLES Table No. Title Page 1 Population 1930-1970 . . . . . . . . . 296 2 1970 Population by Age and Sex . . . . 297 3 Existing Land Use . . . . . . . . 297 LIST OF MAPS Dover Existing Land Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300 Dover Community Facilities . . . . . . . . . . . 305 -295- I. POPULATION AND ECONOMY • PROFILE The Town of Dover is located at the extreme western tip of Craven County next to Lenoir County and shares a common boundary with Jones County. The Town is served by the major east -west highway in this area (U.S. 70) and by the Southern Railroad. This gives the Town accessibility both by highway and by rail. Dover has developed in a strip pattern following the highway and railroad as expansion occurs. Dover was chartered in 1901 and was named for Dover Creek. Dover acts primarily as a service center for surrounding agricultural development not only in Craven County but also in Lenoir and Jones Counties. POPULATION The population of Dover increased very slightly between 1930 and 1960. However, there was a substantial decrease in the popu- lation as shown in the 1970 census. TABLE 1 POPULATION 1930-1970 Year Population 19X 621 1940 623 1950 638 1960 651 1970 585 Although the future population of Dover is not projected to vary substantially from the present population a more detailed review • of population composition is desirable. -296- • • The racial composition of Dover is divided fairly evenly between white and black residents. There are 345 white residents or 59.1 percent of the population and 239 black residents,or 40.9 percent of the population. The age and sexual breakdown of the population is also an important consideration. The population of Dover, as may be ex- pected, is weighted somewhat in favor of the females. There are 312 females as compared to 273 males in Dover. This represents 53.3 and 46.7 percent of the population respectively. The popu- lation is also somewhat larger in the pre -teen and early teenage groups. TABLE 2 1970 POPULATION BY AGE AND SEX Years Male Female Under 5 26 29 5 2 5 6 6 3 7-9 14 13 10-13 26 31 14 7 10 15 12 3 16 4 9 17 8 8 18 8 3 19 5 4 20 5 8 21 3 3 22-24 13 11. 25-34 26 30 35-44 30 35 45-54 34 39 55-59 10 16 60-61 6 9 62-64 8 11 65-74 15 21 75 & Over 5 11 TOTAL 273 312 -297- • • ECONOMY The economy of Dover is related to Kinston and surrounding Craven, Jones, and Lenoir Counties. Accurate information on a town of Dover's size is difficult to obtain. Also when a com- munity is directly tied to a much larger area, more valid in- formation can be gain by looking at the entire area. The county plan contains data in greater detail. II. EXISTING LAND USE Existing land use and land use problems were surveyed in the Town of Dover during October, 1.974. The existing uses were divided into the following twelve categories and mapped at the. scale of 1"=2001. CATEGORY URBAN AND BUILT-UP Residential Commercial Industrial Transportation, Communication, and Utilities Government. and institutional Cultural, Entertainment, and Recreation Undeveloped Land AGRICULTURE FORESTLAND WATER WETLAND BARREN (including beaches, surface extraction and cleared transitional land) COLOR CODE Yellow Red Violet Grey Dark Blue Green White Brown Hatched Green Hatched Light Blue Light Blue Hatched Brown The Town of Dover has approximately 603.03 acres within its corporate limits, the majority of the land being either unde- OWi • • veloped or developed in non -urban uses. Only 107.14 acres, or 18 percent of the total acreage, is developed in urban uses with the remaining 495.89 acres, or 82 percent, not used for urban purposes. There are four major classifications of urban land use found in Dover; those being residential, trade, service, and transportation, communication and utilities. TABLE 3 EXISTING LAND USE Land Use Types Acres Percent Residential 92.36 86 Trade 5.20 5 Service 8.65 8 Transportation, Com- munication and Utilities .93 1 Total 107.14 100 Non -Urban Land Use 495.89 The greatest amount of land developed in an urban land class is residential. The 1970 census indicates that 199 housing units exist in Dover. The lack of any significant population growth since 1970 would substantiate the validity of this figure for pre- sent use. Residential development, for the most part, is found north of the railroad tracks to the old Dover road with the heavi- est density near the center of Town. Uses classified as trade are found to be generally scattered along the main street area as well as along Highway 70. Those uses classified as services are also intermixed throughout the Town with no major areas of concentration. There are two minor areas classed as transportation, communi- -299- • • DOVER EXISTING LAND USE MAP -300- cation, or utilities, one located on North Oak Street, the other • located on South Main Street. III. CURRENT PLANS, POLICIES, AND REGULATIONS The Town of Dover currently has no plans or policies other than water line extensions and street paving and no regulations being developed or enforced by the Town. Dover has signed a resolution which allows the County to enforce its building, plumbing and electrical codes and subdivision regulations within the town limits. Federal and state regulations applying to Dover's jurisdic- tion are the same as those applying to Craven County and for specific information, the county land development plan should be contacted. IV. CONSTRAINTS PHYSICAL LIMITATIONS Dover has only one category which could be classified as hazardous, the minor flood plain of Dover Creek and Gum Swamp. However, neither of these flood plains possess any substantial danger to development. Due to the generally flat condition of the land, heavy rains will also cause temporary flooding although again not providing substantial danger to development in the Town. Upon the completion of final flood plain maps by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers the flood plains of Dover Creek and Gum. • Swamp will be covered by the Federal Flood Insurance Administration -301- Guidelines and subject to regulations prohibiting unwise develop- ment. ` Soils information will be available when the Soil Conserva- tion Service survey is completed. The Town of Dover's water system is supplied by wells and the water supply is stored in ground tanks for distribution. Wa- ter from these wells comes from either the Black Creek or Peedee formations. Shallow domestic wells yield water having and of- fensive odor and taste, however, the deep wells and filtering systems eliminate this problem from the public water supply. The Town of Dover has no areas within the municipal limits in which the slope could be considered steep. The elevation varies less than ten feet through the entire Town. The land gradually slopes to the north and south with the lowest eleva- tions in the southwest corner of the Town.. The majority of the developed area of the Town is at or above 60 feet mean sea level. FRAGILE AREAS The Town of Dover has no area within its corporate limits which is unique or could be classified as a predominant or fragile. feature of the landscape. The corporate limits do include a per- centage of flood plain which performs a unique function and merits protection which will be provided through the Federal In- surance Administration's Flood Plain Regulations. AREAS WITH RESOURCE POTENTIAL iDover does not possess any areas which should be classified -302- as prime resource areas. A portion of the Town's undeveloped • urban area is in woodland or agriculture production, although not to any unique extent. These areas also lack the scale which would include them in the resource potential classification. V. COMMUNITY FACILITIES TOWN HALL The Dover Town Hall is located near the corner of Wilson and North Main Streets. The building serves also as the fire and police department headquarters. The facility is adequate for present and immediate future needs of the Town. POLICE PROTECTION The Dover Police Department currently has one full-time fully equipped officer. Equipment includes a patrol car and modern radio communications system capable of providing back- up service by the Craven County Sheriff's Department. FIRE PROTECTION The Dover Fire Department is located in the Town of Dover at the Town Hall. The department is manned by 20 volunteers on 24 hour call. Major fire fighting equipme6t`includes a 1,000 GPM - 500 gallon capacity booster tank, and a 250 GPM - 800 gal- lon booster tank pumper, they have a 2,000 gallon capacity tanker. The Department has a Class 9AA fire insurance rating and is known as Station 33 in the county fire system. • HIGHWAY SYSTEM With Highway 70 bisecting the flown, Dover is subjected to a -303- great deal of through traffic between Kinston and New Bern, and • points to the west and east respectively.' The average daily traffic flow is not provided for Highway 70 in Dover although it is assumed that it would be similar to the 4,600 vehicles along Highway 70 through Cove City. The internal street pat- tern is simple and for the most part extends north and south from Highway 70. The new Highway 70 bypass will also serve the Town as the new bypass and the existing highway intersect at the west end of Dover. The existing road system is felt to be adequate to serve the needs of the presently developed areas of the Town. SCHOOLS The Town of Dover has no schools within its corporate limits and buses its students to various schools within the county sys- tem. WATER AND SEWER The existing water system supplies the majority of -the de- veloped porci,.jn of the Town. The Town presently does not have an elevated tank tot water storage which is a drawback to indus- trial development. There is a 25,000 gallon ground tank which provides storage for the Town. The Town also does not presently have a sewer system although grants are being sought for possible development. The Town's water plant has a 504,000 gallon per day capacity with an average daily consumption of 32,900 gallons. COMMUNITY FACILITY DEMANDS • The existing facilities in Dover in most cases are lacking. The Town's water system needs an elevated storage tank. The Town -304- DOVER COMMUNITY FACILITIES lu'rh A • is in need of a sewer system as well as police and recreational • facilities. These -are major needs primarily to serve those peo- ple presently living in Dover but are necessary if new develop- ment is to be attracted. VI. GOALS Goals for the Town of Dover were established through direct citizen input in the form of public meetings and response to a questionnaire and formalized by the Town Board in a public meet- ing. The Town decided on three practical goals and prioritized them as to their urgency. Goal 1: Above ground water storage tank. Objectives: To secure funds from local state or federal sources. -- To develop engineering specifications for the tank. -- To construct the facility. Goal 2: Recreation site and facilities. Objectives: To develop an overall recreation plan for Dover. -- To take appropriate steps to implement the plan through local, state and federal funding. Goal 3: Sewage disposal system. Objectives: To secure funds for installation. -- To provide for administration of the system. -- To provide for the installation of the system • and begin service. -306- These are the major goals and objectives as established by • the Town and which they will take steps to implement. These goals are seen to be vital if Dover is to attract development and grow. VII. FUTURE POPULATION AND ECONOMY POPULATION PROJECTIONS The Town of Dover is not expected to show any significant growth during the ten year planning period between 1975-1985. A range for future population estimates is used and is justi- fied by assuming that the population of Dover is now, and will remain, a constant proportion of the population of Craven Coun- ty. The use of a range for population estimates has the benefit of using, for example, the low end of the range to predict in- coming revenue so as not to over project funds, while using the high end of the range to project community facility needs in order to be able to serve an unexpected surge in population. It is also necessary to recognize that as estimates are made farther in the future they tend to lose validity. However, estimates have been made for the years 1980, 1985, 1990, 2000, and 2025. Future Population Estimates 1980 1985 Dover 567-639 558-666 1990 540-684 2000 522-702 Source: North Carolina Department of Administration 2025 495-765 The Town of Dover had a 1970 population of 585 persons mak- ing it too small for the Department of Administration to maintain records or make any meaningful population projections. In order -307- to obtain projections for the Town it was assumed that the popu- • lation of Dover is now and would remain a proportion of the total Craven County population which is available from the Department of Administration. By determining the 1970 percentage of popu- lation that Dover represented of the County as a whole, projec- tions could then be.made as to future population of the Town. The 1985 population estimates for Dover indicates a possible range of population between 558.and 666 with a mean of 612. This would indicate a minor increase in the population since 1970. Dover presently lacks the resources to attract the major develop- ment that would be necessary for substantial population increase. Dover's lack of services due to size as well as the lack of a sewer system and elevated water tank makes it difficult to at- tract industrial development. Dover is accessible by both highway and rail and will also be served by the new Highway 70 bypass. Dover must be able to provide services to potential industries before the Town can expect to grow. Dover is expected to con- tinue to act as a service center for surrounding agricultural activities and thereby will at least maintain its present popula- tion. INCOME PROJECTIONS Income projections are extremely difficult to accurately pre- dict for any municipality. The difficulty increases as the com- munity size decreases. Additional complexities arise when con- sidering the relative closeness of three different counties and • the City of Kinston. Income projections are therefore not at- tempted for Dover in this text. A valid assumption would; however, -308- see continued rise in both family and per capita incomes. Mean- • ingful attempts to judge the net gain or loss of income versus • inflation is difficult and is also not attempted in this text. VIII. FUTURE LAND USE The Town of Dover is classified as being a transition area in the ten year land use projections for the County. The transition class is identified as lands where moderate to high density growth is to be encouraged and where any such growth that is permitted by local regulations will be provided with the necessary public services. Dover is considered to be in the transition class due to its present population density and the fact that it presently has a water system. Population projections for Dover do not project it to have noticeable growth during the ten year planning period. It is felt that Dover's location and the fact that the new Highway 70 bypass will be adjacent to the Town will increase its potential for development in the future possible more so in the second ten year planning period beginning in 1985. IX. AREAS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERN There are no proposed areas of environmental concern within or adjacent to the corporate limits of Dover. -309- • PART - V VANCEBORO -310- TABLE OF CONTENTS i PART V - VANCESORO Page I. POPULATION AND ECONOMY . . . . . . . . . . . . 313 Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313 Population . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . 313 Economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315 II. EXISTING LAND USE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315 Urban Land Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315 Residential . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316 Trade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316 Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316 _ Industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316 Transportation, Communication and Utilities. 316 Cultural, Entertainment and Recreation . . . 316 Non -Urban Land Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316 III. CURRENT PLANS, POLICIES, AND REGULATIONS . . . 318 Plans and Policies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 318 Local Regulations . . . . . . . . . . . . 318 Federal and State Regulations . . . . . . . . 318 IV. CONSTRAINTS . . . . . . . . . . 318 Physical Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . 318 Fragile Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319 Areas with Resource Potential . . . . . . . . 320 • V. COMMUNITY FACILITIES . . .�. . . . . . . . . 320 Town Hall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320 -311- Page • Police Protection . . . . . . . . . . 320 Fire Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321 , Highway System . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321 Schools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321 Water and Sewer . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . 324 Community Facility Demands . . . . . . . . 324 • VI. GOALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 324 VII. FUTURE POPULATION AND ECONOMY . . . . . . . 326 Population Projections. . . . . . . . . . 326 Income Projections . . . . . . . . . . . . 327 VIII. FUTURE LAND USE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327 IX. AREAS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERN . . . . . . 329 LIST OF TABLES Table No. Title Page 1 Population 1930-1970 . . . . . . . . 313 2 1970 Population by Age and Sex . . . 315 3 Existing Land Use. . . . . . . . . 316 LIST OF MAPS Vanceboro Existing Land Use . . . . . . . . . . . 317 Vanceboro Community Facilities . . . . . . . . 323 -312- I. POPULATION AND ECONOMY 0 PROFILE The Town of Vanceboro, chartered in 1877, is located be- tween Washington and New Bern in the northwest portion of Craven County. Vanceboro is served by the primary coastal highway (U.S. 17) and by the Southern Railroad. The Town is the largest com- munity in the County north of the Neuse River with a 1970 popu- lation of 758 and is near the center of population north of the river. Vanceboro marks the northern edge of a suburban strip ex- tending southward along Highway 17 to Bridgeton. Vanceboro acts as a supply and service center for a relatively large agricul- tural area. Vanceboro has topography typical to most areas in eastern North Carolina. The elevation is approximately 22 feet mean sea level and rolls slightly toward Maul Swamp to the northeast and Swift Creek on the southwest. These streams provide the poten- tial for flooding in certain areas of the Town. POPULATION The population of Vanceboro has fluctuated over the years. TABLE 1 POPULATION 1930-1970 Year Population 1930 742 1940 826 1950 753 1960 806 1970 758 • The population for the Town is not expected to vary to any great extent during this ten year planning period. However, in order -313- to better analyze the population of Vanceboro, a more detailed • breakdown of the overall population is neces3ary. The racial composition of Vanceboro is predominantly white with 718 or 95% as compared to a non -white population of 40 or 5%. Six of the forty non -white residents of Vanceboro are Indian while 34 are black. Another consideration when studying the population of a town is the age and sexual makeup of the population. The population of Vanceboro is distributed fairly evenly by age groups with some slight weighing 3s may be expected in the pre -teen age group. The sexual composition of the population shows that there are a few more females in Vanceboro than males with 407 or 54% female population as compared to a population of 351 or 46% for males. mr ar_V 7 1970 POPULATION BY AGE AND SEX Years Males Females Under 5 30 20 5 4 3 6 7 1 7-9 22 22 10-13 26 28 14 10 15 15 8 9 16 7 8 17 5 2 18 3 6 19 5 4 20 1 4 21 5 4 22-24 12 21 25-34 45 43 35-44 50 47 45-54 37 49 55-59 23 30 • 60-61 62-64 7 14 13 15 65-74 23 37 75 & Over 7 26 TOTAL 351 407 -314- • ECONOMY The economy of Vanceboro is directly related to the northern portion of Craven County which serves as a small service and.trade center. Accurate information on a Town of Vanceboro's size is difficult to obtain without an existing survey. No reliable up- to-date information on Vanceboro is available. Also when a com- munity is directly dependent on the surrounding area, more valid statistics can.be found by looking at the entire area. The coun- ty plan should be consulted for basic economic data. II. EXISTING LAND USE The existing land use and land use problems in the Town of Vanceboro were surveyed during March, 1975. The existing uses were divided into the following twelve categories and mapped at the scale of 1"=200'. CATEGORY URBAN AND BUILT-UP Residential Commercial Industrial Transportation, Communication, and Utilities Government and Institutional Cultural, Entertainment, and Recreation Undeveloped Land AGRICULTURE FORESTLAND WATER WETLAND BARREN (including beaches, surface extraction and cleared transitional land) COLOR CODE Yellow Red Violet Grey Dark Blue Green Brown Hatched Green Hatched Light Blue Lt. Blue Hatched Brown -315- The Town of Vanceboro has approximately 1,075.24 acres with- in its corporate limits, the majority of the area either unde- veloped or developed in non -urban uses. Only 10.47 percent of the land area of the Town is developed in urban uses. The 112.55 acres of urban land use are divided into six types; residential, trade, services, industrial,,transportation, communication and utilities, and cultural, entertainment and recreation. TABLE 3 EXISTING LAND USE Land Use Types Acres Percent Residential 92.26 82 Trade 9.03 8 Services 4.84 4 Industrial 5.51 5 Transportation, Communication and Utilities .73 1 Cultural, Entertainment and Recreation .18 - TOTAL 112.55 100 Non -Urban Land Use 962.69 The greatest amount of land developed in an urban land class is residential. The 1970 census indicates that 297 housing units exist in Vanceboro. The lack of appreciable population increases since the 1970 census would substantiate the belief that this figure has not changed significantly. Residential development is located along U.S. Highway 17 and perpendicular streets extending to the east and west. Uses classified as trade are found stripped along U.S. High- way 17 intermixed with the residential development. The land uses classed as service are generally intermixed throughout the'Town. -316- • VANCEBORO EXISTING LAND USE MAP -317- Since Vanceboro is predominantly a service center for sur- rounding agricultural activities the remaining three categories contain relatively small percentages of land use. The Town's primary industrial site is located on the Southern Railroad between Mill Avenue and Maul Swamp.. There is also one site classed as transportation, communication or utilities located on Mill Road and one site classed as cultural, entertainment or recreation lour cated on Farm Life Avenue. Generally existing land use is mixed with heaviest concen- trations of residential and trade classifications located adja- cent to U.S. Highway 17. III. CURRENT PLANS, POLICIES AND REGULATIONS The Town of Vanceboro currently has no plans or policies other than water and sewer and street paving and has signed a re- solution which allows the County to enforce its building, plumb- ing, and electrical codes and subdivision regulations within the town limits. Federal and state regulations applying to Vanceboro's juris- diction are the same as those applying to Craven County and for specific information, the County land development plans should be contacted. IV. CONSTRAINTS PHYSICAL LIMITATIONS Vanceboro has two categories of hazard areas within the Town, -318- flood plains and areas of erosion, although these classifications is do not pose any serious development problem. Maul Swamp forms a • large portion of Vanceboro's town limits and is subject,to minor flooding. This flood plain does not provide extensive hazard to presently developed areas of the Town. There is also an area in the northern portion of the Town west of U.S. Highway 17 which is subject to periodic flooding and encompasses some development. Erosion is also found to a minor extent along Maul Swamp as would be expected. This is not anticipated to cause any problems for existing or potential development due to the slow rate of erosion and necessity of preventing development within the Maul Swamp flood plain. The majority of the soils found in Vanceboro have either moderate or severe limitations due to seasonally high water ta- bles or permeability. There are areas where soils such as Lake- land and Exum Sands are suitable or can be adapted for many uses. Most of the soils are not suited to septic tank use due especial- ly to the permeability of the sand. (For detailed soils infor- mation consult the Craven County Soil Survey, being prepared by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service). Vanceboro is located at an elevation of approximately 22 feet mean sea level and slopes gradually.toward Maul Swamp which forms the southeastern and southwestern boundaries of the Town. There are no areas of the Town except along creek banks which would be subject to severe erosion due to steepness of slope. FRAGILE AREAS The Town of Vanceboro has no area within its corporate limits -319- which is unique or could be classified as a predominant or fra- gile feature of the landscape. The corporate limits do include a percentage of flood plain which performs a unique function and merits protection which will be provided through the Federal In- surance Administration's Flood Plain Regulations. AREAS WITH RESOURCE POTENTIAL Vanceboro does not possess any areas which should be classi- fied as prime resource areas. Though a large percentage of the corporate area of Vanceboro is used for agricultural and forestry production, these uses are neither unique to the general area or at a scale which would warrant inclusion into a resource poten- tial classification. V. COMMUNITY FACILITIES TOWN HALL The flown of Vanceboro recently moved into its new Town Hall located on Main Street between White and James Streets. The building is a modern brick structure which houses the town ad- ministrative offices and the police department. The building should easily handle space requirements of the Town during the ten year planning period. POLICE PROTECTION The Vanceboro Police Department is located at the Town Hall and currently employs one full-time fully equipped officer. Equipment includes a patrol car and modern radio communications • system capable of providing back-up service by the Craven County Sheriff's Department. -320- FIRE PROTECTION • The Vanceboro Fire Department is located in the Town. of Vanceboro, one block off main street in the center of Town. - The Department is manned by 41 volunteer firemen on 24 hour call. Major fire fighting equipment includes one 1,000 GPM - 500 gallon booster tank capacity pumper, one 500 GPM - 600 gallon booster tank, radio equipped, one 1,200 gallon tanker. The Town of Vanceboro has a 1,000 GPM - 500 gallon booster tank pumper that is utilized for in -town alarms. The Department has a Class 9A insurance rating district for four miles around the Town and the Town is rated Class 8. The Department is known as Station 15 in the county fire system. HIGHWAY SYSTEM The road system in Vanceboro is designed basically to act as a secondary and tertiary system, although some through traffic is generated due to the convergence of Highways 43 and Business 17 in Vanceboro with traffic from the Greenville area passing through to New Bern and the coast. However, with most north -south traffic using Highway 17 bypass traffic congestion in the downtown area is not seen to be a major problem. The average daily traffic for Main Street in Vanceboro is 5,000 vehicles with 3,450 vehicles using Highway 43 and 2,200 using Highway 17 business prior to its convergence with Highway 43. i SCHOOLS The Farm Life Elementary School is located in the Town of -321- Vanceboro and earlier served as a resident high school. The is school is situated on a 62 acre site. The main building, which is two stories high, was built in 1912. There were no additions until 1953 when an agriculture shop, auditorium and gymnasium were constructed. In 1955 a home economics section was added and in 1958 a science class- room was constructed. There is a total of 23 classrooms in the school today. Farm Life Elementary School contains grades four through eight and has a total membership enrollment of 574 students. Personnel at the school includes 25 faculty members, two admini- strative personnel, four custodial personnel and a six member dietary -cafeteria staff. The Vanceboro Elementary School is located in the Town of Vanceboro and was originally constructed and served as the Vance- boro Consolidated Elementary School. This school is located on a 15 acre site with access from old U.S. Highway 17. The first building of the Vanceboro Elementary School was built in 1945. Additions were constructed in 1953, 1965, and 1966 which included classrooms, kitchen and multi -purpose area and industrial arts shop. The school now has a total of 17 class- rooms. The Vanceboro Elementary School contains kindergarten through the third grade and has a total membership enrollment of 288 stu- dents. Staff at the school includes 18 faculty members, two ad- ministrative personnel, three janitors and a five member dietary- -322- • • VANCEBORO COMMUNITY FACILITIES MAP -323- • cafeteria personnel. WATER AND SEWER The Town of Vanceboro has a municipal water system though some structures within the town limits are served by private wells. The water system covers most of the developed areas of the Town and extends beyond the town limits along State Road 1440 and Highway 17 business toward New Bern. The source of water is provided by two 150 GPM wells located at Mill Road and Farm Life Avenue. A 100,000 gallon elevated storage tank and the treat- ment plant are at the same location. The capacity of the town's water plant is 250,000 gallons per day while the makimum daily consumption is only 40,000 gal- lons per day. The Town has a storage capacity of 100,000 gal - loos and the system is supplied by two deep wells of 150 gallons per minute. The Town is developing plans through the 201 program to in- stall a sewage system and treatment plant. COMMUNITY FACILITY DEMANDS The existing facilities in Vanceboro, upon the completion of the proposed sewage disposal system, will be adequate to serve the expected population increases. The Town has moved to a new town hall and both the schools and fire service presently serve areas yell outside the town limits. VI. GOALS Goals for the Town of Vanceboro were established through -324- direct citizen input in the form of public meetings and response to a questionnaire, and formalized by the town board in a public meeting. The Town decided on three practical goals and priori- tized them as to their urgency. Goal 1: An overall cleanup in order to attract indirect- ly related needs such as a doctor, a clinic and a drug store. Objectives: To initiate community awareness within the Town. -- To establish a group of citizens to make contacts to attract desired development such as a clinic or drug store. Goal 2: Better housing in the Town. Objectives: To work with the region's housing authority to de- velop a housing assistance plan for -the Town. -- To work closely with local developers. to -con- struct affordable housing for the citizens- of Vanceboro. Goal 3: Additional recreational sites and facilities. Objectives: To develop an overall recreation plan for Vance- boro. -- To take appropriate steps to implement the plan through local, state and federal funding. These are major goals and objectives as established by the Town and which they will take steps to implement. These goals seem to be necessary if Vanceboro is to provide the needed ser- vices to town's people presently living there.as well as at- tracting additional development. -325- VII. FUTURE POPULATION AND ECONOMY 0 POPULATION PROJECTIONS The Town of Vanceboro should not experience any significant growth during the ten year planning period between 1975-1985. A range is used for population estimates assuming that the Town of Vanceboro is now and will remain a portion of the County as far as population is concerned. The use of a range for population estimates has the benefit of using, for example, the low end of the range for revenue estimates in order not to appropriate funds which will not be available, while using the high end of the range for needed services in order to insure available services in case of a population surge. It is also necessary to realize that as estimates are made farther in the future they tend to lose validity; however, estimates are provided for the years 1980, 1985, 1990, 2000, and 2025. Future Population Estimates 1980 1985 1990 2000 2025 Vanceboro i52-859 750-895 726-920 702-944 666-1,029 Source: North Carolina Department of Administration The Town of Vanceboro had a 1970 population of 758 persons making it too small for the Department of Administration to main- tain records or make any meaningful population projections. In order to obtain projections for the Town it was assumed that the population of Vanceboro was now, and would remain, a proportion of the total Craven County population which was available from the Department of Administration. By determining the 1970 per- centage of..population that Vanceboro represented of the County as -326- a whole, projections could then be made as to future population it of the Town. 0 The 1985 population estimates for Vanceboro indicate a pos- sible range of population between '750 and 895 with a mean of 823. This would indicate a minor, increase in the population since 1970. Vanceboro lacks the resources to attract the major development that would be necessary for substantial population increases. However, Vanceboro is accessible and possesses water and sewer facilities which will did in the retention of present population. As long as Vanceboro remains a rural service center for agricultural activities the population will remain fairly stable. Vanceboro is not expected to show a surge in economic development within this ten year planning period. INCOME PROJECTIONS Income projections are extremely difficult to accurately predict for any municipality. The difficulty increases as the community size decreases. Income projections are therefore not, attempted for Vanceboro in this text. A valid assumption would; however, see continued rises in both family and per capita incomes. Meaningful attempts to judge the net gain or loss of income ver- sus inflation is difficult and is also not attempted. VIII. FUTURE LAND USE The Town of Vanceboro is classified as being a transition area in the ten year land use projections for the County. The transition class is identified as lands where moderate -327- to high density growth is to be encouraged and where any such 40 growth that is permitted by local regulations will be provided with the necessary public services. Vanceboro is considered to be in the transition class due to .its present population density and the fact that it present- ly has a water system and is in the process of acquiring a sew- age disposal system. Population projections for Vanceboro do not project the Town to increase greatly over the ten year plan- ning period although growth should increase with the installa- tion of water and sewer facilities which are attractive to de- velopment. Vanceboro's location, centered between Washington, Greenville, and New Bern also makes it attractive to potential development. IX. AREAS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERN Riverine flood plains is the only category'. of AEC found in Vanceboro. The following is a discussion of that category. 7.41 Natuia,l Hazard Areas - River Flood Plains a. Description. Riverine flood plains are defined as land area adjoining a river, stream or watercourse which is likely to be flooded once every one hundred (100) years (i.e., that has a one percent chance of being flooded each year). b. Significance. Flood plains store flood waters, thereby reducing inundation of adjacent lands. Flood plains also absorb and dissipate the energy of flood waters, thereby reducing down- stream destruction. -328- 11 C. Policy Objective. To protect the public health, safety and welfare by restricting land uses within the flood plain which have a significant potential to increase flood damage and cause loss of life. d. Specific Land Uses. Specific land uses shall be those consistent with the above policy objective. In all instances, land uses must conform to the guidelines stated in Chapter x - Federal Insurance Administration, Subchapter B - National Flood Insurance Program, Part 1910 - Criteria for Land Management and Use, 1910. 3c. e. Enforcement. Enforcement of the specific land use re- quirements of the above subsection d. shall be maintained through the Federal insurance Administration requirements. ' Riverine Flood Plains occur along the Neuse and•Trent Rivers. They are mapped in general areas on the County's proposed AEC map. Again, definite mapping will require a complete county survey. -329- • n iv