Land Use Plan Amemdment-1999

City of Northwest
Land Use Plan
Amendment
1999
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DCM COPY DCM COPY
Please do not remove!!!!!
Division of Coastal Management
Prepared By:
City of Northwest
Cane Fear. Council of Governments
1480 Harbor Drive
Wilmington, NC 28401
[phone]/395-2684 fax

The preparation of this document was financed, in part, through
a grant provided by the North Carolina Coastal Management
Program, through funds provided by the Coastal Zone
Management Act of 1972, as amended, which is administered by
the Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management, National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
A City of Northwest Public Hearing was held on this document on August 24, 1999.
The document was adopted by the City of Northwest on August 24, 1999.
Approved by the NC Coastal Resources Commission on September 8, 1999.

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City of Northwest
City Council:
James Knox, Mayor
James McCoy
Charles Carroll
J. D. Robinson
Lonnie Mae Adams
Elijah Perkins, Jr.
Planning Board:
David Selke, Chairman
Michael Troy, Vice Chairman
Clarkie Munn
Myrtle Ballard
Vinnie Corbett
Cky Clerk
Shirley Freeman
Assistant Q1 Clerk
Gwen Spicer
City Attorney
John Wessell
Cape Fear Council of Governments
1480 Harbor Drive
Wilmington, North Carolina 28401
[phone]
[phone] fax

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION ............................... 1
NORTHWEST'S GOALS & OBJECTIVES ..................
2
Section 1: ANALYSIS OF EXISTING CONDITIONS .................
3
A.
ESTABLISHMENT OF INFORMATION BASE .........
3
B.
POPULATION AND ECONOMY ..................
5
C.
SEASONAL POPULATION .......................
8
D.
EXISTING LAND USE ............ . _ . ....
9
E.
CURRENT PLANS, POLICIES AND REGULATIONS .....
10
(1) Zoning Ordinance .........................
10
(2) Minimum Housing Code ....................
10
(3) Subdivision Regulations .............. ... .
10
(4) State Transportation Improvement Plan ...........
10
(5) Ordinance Creating a Planning Organization .......
11
(6) Privilege License ........ ................
12
(7) City Administration and Method of Operation .......
12
Section 2: CONSTRAINTS TO DEVELOPMENT ..................
13
A.
LAND SUITABILITY ... ................ ....
13
B.
CARRYING CAPACITY ... .... ... ..........
14
Section 3: ESTIMATED DEMAND .......... .. ...... • • • . • • ...
16
A.
WATER ..................... ..........
16
16
B.
C.
SEWER ................. ..................
LEVEL OF USE FOR SCHOOLS, ROADS, & HOSPITALS .
16
(1) Schools ............... ........... '.
16
(2) Roads ................................
17
(3) Hospitals ....... .....................
18
D.
POPULATION AND ECONOMY ...................
18
E.
SEASONAL POPULATION ......................
19
F.
LOCAL OBJECTIVES CONCERNING GROWTH ........
19
Section 4: POLICIES FOR GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT..........
20
A.
RESOURCE PROTECTION ................ • ....
20
(1) Constraints to Development ..................
20
(2) Areas of Environmental Concern .............
22
(3) Development in Proximity
to Outstanding Resource Waters ........... 23
(4) Fragile Land Areas .......................
24
(a) Freshwater Swamps and Marshes ..........
24
(b) Manmade Hazard Areas ................
24
(c) Archaeologic or Historic Areas ............
25

(d) Prime Farmland ..................... 25
(e) Wildlife Habitat Areas ................. 25
(f) Hurricane & Flood Evacuation Needs & Plans .. 26
(5) Protection of Potable Water ....... .......... 27
(6) Use of Package Treatment Plants ...... ....... 28 .
(7) Stormwater.Runoff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... 28
(8) Industrial Impacts ......................... 30
B. RESOURCE PRODUCTION AND MANAGEMENT ...... 31
(1) Productive Agricultural Lands ................. 31
(2) Commercial Forest Lands .......:...... 32
(3) Existing & Potential Mineral Production Areas ...... 33
(4) Commercial & Recreational Fisheries ............ 33
(5) Off -Road Vehicles .................... 33
-(6) Residential, Commercial, & Industrial
Land Development Impacts .............. 34
(7) Peat or Phosphate Mining's Impacts ............. 35
C. ECONOMIC AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT ......
36
(1)
Type of Development to be Encouraged ..........
36
(2)
Type and Location of Industry Desired ...........
37
(3)
Local Commitment to Services Provision ..........
38
(4)
Urban Growth Patterns Desired . . ........
39
(5)
Redevelopment of Developed Areas .............
39
(6)
Commitment to State & Federal Programs . ,, :......
40 ;
(7)
Assistance to Channel Maintenance
and Beach Nourishment Projects .... ....
41
(8)
Energy Facility Siting & Development ...........
41
(9)
Coastal & Estuarine Water Beach Access ..........
42
(10)
Tourism .................... ..... .
42
(11)
Type of Density Desired .....................
43
(12)
Manufactured Homes .......................
45
(13)
Provision of Services to Development ....:.......
45
(14)
Recreation Facilities ......................
45
(15)
Annexation .. .............. ... .. ...
46
(16)
Beautification ............... .......... ; ,
47
(17)
Education ..............................
47
Section 5: CONTINUING PUBLIC PARTICIPATION ... .............
48
Section 6: STORM HAZARD MITIGATION, POST DISASTER RECOVERY,
& EVACUATION PLANS ......................
48
A. STORM HAZARD MITIGATION ..................
49
B. NORTHWEST'S STORM HAZARD MITIGATION POLICY.
50
C. POST -DISASTER RECOVERY PLAN ................
50

D. EVACUATION PLANS ........................ . 54
Section 7: LAND CLASSIFICATION ........................... 54
(1) Transition .............................. 54
(2) Limited Transition ........................ 55
(3) Conservation ............................ 55
Section 8: RELATIONSHIP OF POLICIES AND LAND CLASSIFICATION 55
Section 9: INTERGOVERNMENTAL COORDINATION
& IMPLEMENTATION ........................ 55
APPENDIX
ATTACHMENT A — — -- — STATE & FEDERAL ELECTED OFFICIALSICITY OF
NORTHWEST
ATTACHMENT B - -- — -- VISION STATEMENT
ATTACHMENT C --- --- — -- CORRESPONDENCE FROM NC DIVISION OF
ARCHIVES & HISTORY, DAVID BROOKS
ATTACHMENT D --- — LETTER OF INQUIRY TO NC DIVISION OF ARCHIVES
& HISTORY
ATTACHMENT E — -- -- -- CITIZEN PARTICIPATION PLAN
ATTACHMENT F -- -- -- — MUNICIPAL POPULATION FOR REGION 0
ATTACHMENT G — — -r - POPULATION PROJECTIONS FOR REGION 0 COUNTIES
ATTACHMENT H — -- — — PER CAPITA PERSONAL INCOME
FOR REGION 0 COUNTIES (Table)
ATTACHMENT I -r -r - --- 20 YEAR POPULATION PROJECTIONS FOR REGION 0
BY COUNTY (Graph)
LIST OF TABLES
TABLE 1 -- — MUNICIPAL & COUNTY POPULATION ..... 5
TABLE 2 — — PER CAPITA PERSONAL INCOME ................... 8
EXISTING LAND USE Folded in back of document
STORM SURGE INNUNDATION AREAS MAP Folded in back of document
1995 LAND CLASSIFICATION MAP Folded in back of document

INTRODUCTION
The term "comprehensive plan" is often used interchangeably with other terms. The
"comprehensive plan" is also referred to as the "general plan" or the "master plan." The
essential characteristics of the plan, which we will refer to as the Land Use Plan (LUP) or the
Land Use Plan Update (LUPUP), or the Land Use Plan Amendment, is that the plan
encompasses all geographic parts of the community and all physical and environmental
elements which bear on land use development. The plan is general in the sense that it will
summarize policies and proposals and will not indicate (in great detail) specific locations or
detailed regulations. The plan will be long-range in the sense that it will look beyond the
foreground of current pressing and everyday development pressures and will look to the
perspective of problems and possibilities for 10 to 20 years in the future.
For planning purposes the preparation, adoption, and use of the Land Use Plan is considered
to be the primary objective of a planning program. Most other plans and planning actions by. a
local government are designed, at least theoretically, to be based upon the comprehensive land
use plan.
With the production of this document will we throw off the yoke of our day -today concerns
and take a more thoughtful look at the City's desired growth patterns for future land use
development activity. We will look at the data available on the economy, population, existing
land use, and natural resources. We will prepare a map which will describe the existing uses
of land and we will also prepare a map which will describe future desired growth patterns.
With this information in hand, development proposals can be examined in the light of existing
services. Requested uses of land may be viewed along side the vision of desired future
growth, and the interrelationships of the proposed development activity may be compared with
existing development. Services can also be analyzed with thought given toward the
appropriateness of project design.
Local government has a great deal of influence on how a community develops. The buildings,
facilities, and improvements provided by local government affect the daily lives of most
citizens. These same features give a form and a life to the community and can be a stimulus
or an impediment to the development of privately owned land in the area.
The local government is inescapably involved in questions on the physical development of land
within the area of its jurisdiction. At nearly every meeting the City Council and the Planning
Board will make decisions concerning zoning, streets, sites for public buildings, or the
allocations of funds for public projects of one type or another. And for making these kinds of
decisions the lay Boards of local government need technical guidance. If the quickest and
most expedient decision is taken, without forethought, the local government leaders may find
that they will make a decision one month only to negate the premise of that decision next
month because they are faced with another decision and another quickie answer. Over time
these type of decisions, call them incremental decisions, are made and the local government
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can end up on a path that is not consistent with the desired future of the City. This type of
decision process known as "incrementalism" can be avoided by a pro -active approach to
community development.
The local government needs an instrument, a plan, which will establish long-range general
policies for the physical development of the community. With a plan decisions can be made
in a coordinated and unified manner., The comprehensive Land Use Plan will provide the City
with this sort of an instrument. It can be continually referred to as an important source for
decisions on those development issues which arise on a regular basis. Zoning classification
amendment requests, subdivision approval, the location of roads or highways, extension of
public services ..... all of these decisions are made in a manner which best serves the.public
interest if some systematic planned approach to the decision process is made. The Land Use
Plan will help with all of this.
NORTHWEST'S GOALS & OBJECTIVES
The City of Northwest, created by act of the NC General Assembly in 1993, is one of the
newest of the 18 municipalities in Brunswick County. The City is located in the Northwest
portion of Brunswick County, and it is from this geographical location that the City receives
its name. The City formed because it was recognized by the leading citizens of the northwest
community that some specific community needs were not being addressed to the extent that
was deemed necessary for the cluster of homes that now make up the City.. It was determined
that the empowerment which would be provided citizens through incorporation was necessary
to deal with these issues. It was shortly after incorporation that the City began planning. A
zoning ordinance, subdivision regulations, and a minimum housing code were adopted early by
this local government. In 1996 the City adopted its first Land Use Plan.
The City's long-range goals are primarily directed toward the provision of community
services. It is through the provision of such services that City leaders see as possible the
betterment of the life experiences of those who have chosen to live in the City. It is
recognized that Northwest will continue to grow, along with the rest of Brunswick County,
and through time and through the application of reasoned choice to community decisions, the
City will achieve its goals.
Population growth of the Northwest area is desirable to City leaders. Increase in residential
population inside the City is desired and expected. Increases in the availability of shopping
opportunities are also desired as are light (environmentally conscious) industrial operations
which will provide jobs for area citizens. It is the goal of the City to have public water and
sewer systems existing throughout the City. Northwest also has need of a master drainage,
plan. It is a goal of this City to create such a plan. (Flooding occurs following rain events
throughout the City and drainage is seen as an area of planning which must soon be attended to
by City leaders.) It is anticipated that the City will grow through annexation during the
planning period. Streets exist in the City which badly need paving. Other streets, previously
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paved, need maintenance. Road widening is necessary and bike paths and sidewalks are
desired.
It is a goal of the City that all housing be brought up to safe and sanitary conditions. Air
quality concerns are significant for community leaders. Northwest will work with State and
federal agencies to receive assistance, as necessary, on this public health issue. (The close
proximity of industrial entities which have strong potential for fouling the air has caused a
heightened concern on this issue.) Other goals for the City include: adequate street lights,
hiring additional City staff (including a City manager) to better serve the needs of residents, a
well equipped state-of-the-art EMT system, a "Head start" or "charter school" type program, a
new community building (to house City Hall, Post Office, and a Health & Nutrition site), a
daycare facility, and a system of transportation for seniors (and others) exists.
It is recognized by Northwest's leaders that the City cannot accomplish all goals at once. Each
goal must be prioritized and ordered alongside other needs. Accomplishments will be achieved
on each of these goals along the way. Since incorporation the City of Northwest has taken
enormous strides. This level of early achievement has caused the expectation that such high
rates of achievement will be the norm. The practicalities of day-to-day existence would seem
to preclude the possibility of such a high rate of achievement continuing indefinitely.
Still ... the future looks bright for the City of Northwest.
Section 1: ANALYSIS OF EXISTING CONDITIONS
A. ESTABLISHMENT OF INFORMATION BASE
This 1999 Land Use Plan Amendment for the City of Northwest replaces the initial Land Use
Plan for the City. The document is prepared according to the guidelines and requirements of
the North Carolina Coastal Resources Commission and the Coastal Area Management Act
(CAMA). The specific requirements for the document are within the North Carolina
Administrative Code at Subchapter 7B of Chapter 15A. The version of 15A NCAC 7B
pertinent to the preparation of this document is dated 1996.
This Land Use Plan will serve to guide the community on development decisions. It is
recognized that land development takes place as a result of a series of decisions by private
individuals and government. Those decisions, if they are not considered rationally prior to a
local government being confronted with a development request, may not be in the overall
interest of the community. So as to promote community interest for the present and future
generations, a Land Use Plan is developed and kept current by local governments in the coastal
area of North Carolina.
The process of Land Use Plan development includes the collection of data at the beginning of
the process to give local government leaders an opportunity to understand current or existing

conditions. It is recognized that from a cognitive standpoint there are probably no others in
the community who understand current issues better than the elected officials and appointed
boards of local government. However, these individuals often find, when having placed
before them a comprehensive view of the community elicited through the Land Use Planning
process, new insights to development issues. The compilation and analysis of data is part of
the process herein rendered.
The City of Northwest will, through the process of developing this Plan, adopt policies to
guide and direct community growth. It is incumbent upon all community leaders to recognize
that many decisions affecting development are made by other levels of government. Local
policies and local regulations need to take this into account. By carefully addressing the Land
Use Planning Guidelines requirements, the City of Northwest gives guidance to individuals
and other levels of government who will strive to follow local policies dealing with locally
important or controversial issues. State and federal agencies will be advised to use the
contents of this Plan in making project consistency, funding, and permit decisions. Policies on
the type of development desired, density of development projects, protection of resources, and
other areas are examples of this type of local policy decision.
The City of Northwest's Land Use Plan Amendment provides the following basic elements:
1) A summary of data collection and analysis
2) An existing land use map
3) Policy discussion
4) A land classification map
The Land Use Planning Guidelines require the following policy issue areas to be addressed
within the Plan:
1) Resource Protection
2) Resource Production and Management
3) Economic and Community Development
4) Continuing Public Participation
5) Storm Hazard Mitigation, Post -Disaster Recovery
& Evacuation Plans
6) Land Classification
7) Intergovernmental Coordination and Implementation
To gather the information required as a part of the Land Use Plan Amendment development
process requires assistance from a large number of State, federal, and local agency personnel
and documents. Shown below are some of those sources' and documents utilized during the
preparation of this Plan.
' These sources were supplemented by windshield surveys in March of 1995. The windshield
surveys were to view and obtain data on existing land use patterns, roads, and housing conditions.
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*--NC Division of Coastal Management--*
*--NC Division of Water Quality--*
*---US Army Corps of Engineers--*
*--Brunswick County Planning Department--*
*--Brunswick County GIS Department--*
*--Federal Emergency Management Agency--*
*---NC Division of Archives and History--*
*--US Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service, Brunswick County--*
*--Brunswick County Land Use Plan Update (1993)--*
*--NC Department of Transportation--*
*--City of Northwest Staff--*
*---Brunswick County Schools--*
*--City of Northwest Zoning Ordinance--*
*--City of Northwest Minimum Housing Code--*
*--Brunswick County Thoroughfare Plan--*
*--NC Office of State Planning--*
The City of Northwest recognizes that land use planning is not a static process. Changes in
development activity are regular and sometimes rapid. While development has not been
occurring in the City at an extremely rapid pace, to date, the City is poised to accept
development activity which it recognizes may approach City leaders as soon as the door to
City Hall next opens. The development of this Plan has led to new discussion, new ideas, and
has given great insight to the future possibilities for the City.
B. POPULATION AND ECONOMY
The most recent "official" figures for the population of the City of Northwest were published
by the Office of State Planning in the Fall of 1997. The total population for the City in July
of 1996 was given as 752 persons. Since this municipality was incorporated after the 1990
Census, the figure shown in the Office of State Planning document for 1990 is a separation
count and is not'published in the 1990 Census report. It is, however, useful to consider this
figure because the estimate in the separation count gives an opportunity for a projection on
future growth rate for the City.
TABLE 1:
APRIL 1980
APRIL 1990
JULY 1996
'PERCENT
MUNICIPAL
& COUNTY
CHANGE
POPULATION
1990-1996
CITY OF
---
611
752
23.07 %
NORTHWEST
BRUNSWICK
35,777
50,985
62,856
23.28%
COUNTY
* source: NC office of state Ylammng
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With its incorporation, the City of Northwest became the ninth largest (in population) of the
eighteen municipalities in Brunswick County. (There are 529 municipalities in North
Carolina's 100 Counties.) If we figure a 3.84% growth rate per year for the City of
Northwest, from July 1996, the current (July 1998) population for the City is 798 persons.
According to the Brunswick County GIS Department, the City of Northwest is the second
largest municipality in Brunswick County by land area. (Northwest is second in size to
Boiling Spring Lakes.). This gives the City plenty of room in which to continue to grow.
Between April 1990 and July 1996, the population of North Carolina grew by almost 690,000
persons (10.4%), increasing from 6.63 million to 7.32 million in only 6.25 years.
As we compare Brunswick County population growth to the growth of North Carolina, we see:
1980 19" 19% Change c199a96>
Brunswick County 35,777 50,985 62,856 23.3%
North Carolina 5,880,095 6,628,637 7,323,085 10.5%
* Source: U. S. Census
Brunswick County is growing at a significantly faster rate than the rest of North Carolina. It
has been determined that the population of Brunswick County grew by 15,208 persons from
1980 to 1990. This rate of growth makes Brunswick County one of the fastest growing
counties in the State. North Carolina is growing at a rate much faster than many of the other
States. -
As we compare County Land Area and Population Density for Brunswick County and North
Carolina, we see: Density of Pop.
Land Area (Sq. Mi.)
Brunswick County. 860.49
North Carolina : 48,843
* Source: NC Office of State Planning
1980
1990
1996
o Change
41.6
59.3
78.8
33.03 %
120.4
135.7
.153.9
13.41 %
With the population growth being experienced by Brunswick County the density of the
population is also increasing. Figuring density of population, of course, is a simple
mathematical process (population divided by land area) which does not show the entire growth
picture for Brunswick County. The undisputable fact is ..... the County is growing
tremendously in the east, along the beaches or the resort areas. Also municipal areas, those
areas of some already concentrated population, are seeing significant growth. For the" City of
Northwest, which has not seen tremendous new growth in recent years, but which is
strategically positioned to attract new growth, the boom may be about to start. Brunswick
County has become an extremely attractive vacation resort destination and a retirement area.
This recognition will be of significant importance to the municipalities in the County as all will
' Population levels change in three ways: by natural increase (births minus deaths), in -migration
(people moving into the area), and out -migration (people moving out of the area). From the 1970 U.S.
Census to the 1990 U.S. Census the population of Brunswick County more than doubled with the
population change for those years going from 24,223 to 50,985.

continue to grow.
A breakdown of Brunswick County Population and Housing Units By Township shows:
Population Housing Units Rank
Township 1980 1990 1980 1990 Order
Lockwoods Folly Township 7,361 10,705 5,636 10,084 (2)
Northwest Township* 4,657 7,454 1,902 2,917 (5)
Shallotte Township 6,582 11,818 4,717 10,826 (1)
Smithville Township 6,838 9,488 5,436 8,506 (3)
Town Creek Township 8,357 9,260 3,123 3,844 (4)
Waccamaw Township 1,982 2,260 737 937 (6)
* Northwest Township is the location of the City of Northwest.
(Source: Brunswick County Planning Department.)
The number of housing units, when compared to Township population gives us an interesting
picture. There are nearly as many houses in the Lockwoods Folly Township (1990) as there
are persons. This is also true, to a slightly lesser extent, in Shallotte Township. This statistic
reflects the very seasonal nature of the population influences on these Townships. When the
population rises seasonally then the houses extant in these Townships will hold a large number
of people. As a comparison, Lockwoods Folly Township has (1990) 10,084 houses. The
population (1990) is 10,705 persons. We have a figure for Census purposes of 1.06 persons
per household. In the Northwest Township we have 2,917 houses and 7,454 persons. This
yields a figure of 2.55 persons per household. This is the highest number of persons per
household, by Township, in Brunswick County.
County government tax revenue for the State of North Carolina for FY 1990 was
$1,515,146,538. For Brunswick County the totals were as follows:
County -wide Property Tax $24,541,023
Local Option Sales Tax 5,598,257
Other Taxes 678,169
BRUNSWICK COUNTY TOTAL $30,139,889
(Source: Statistical Abstract of NC Counties, 1991)
The property tax rate for the City of Northwest (FY ending 1998) is 20 cents per hundred
dollars (.20/100) of assessed value. For the owner of a $100,000 property the City requires a
local property tax payment of $200. A sample listing of other municipal tax rates in the
County is shown below.
Boiling Spring Lakes .35/100 Leland .18/100
Long Beach = .42/100 Southport .53/100
Shallotte _ .345/100 Sunset Beach _ .135/100
Ocean Isle Beach .17/ 100 Belville .15/ 100
Calabash = .06/100 Yaupon Beach= .375/100
The Brunswick County ad valorem tax rate is .685/100 (1998). The other counties in Region
O are as follows:
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Pender County = .61/100
New Hanover County = .665/100 (with .025 added in for the fire districts)
Columbus County = .695/100
The County rate is added to the municipal rate to give a total property tax. In Northwest, the
owner of the $100,000 property pays $200 to the City and $685 to the County. The total tax
bill is $885. The amount of property tax owed the City yearly in Northwest has not gone up
since incorporation (1993).
Per capita personal income (1986-1990) for Brunswick County and NC is shown in TABLE 2:
TABLE 2:
PER
CAPITA
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
CHANGE
PERSONAL
1986-1990
INCOME
BRUNS
$10,118
$10,504
$11,390
$11,842
$12,527
+0.2381
COUNTY
NC TOTAL
$12,462
$13,305
$14,388
$15,422
$16,266
+0.3052
* Source: NC Small Business & Technology Development Center/Southeastern Regional Center,
University of North Carolina - Wilmington
The most recent estimate' (1994) of per capita income in Brunswick County is $15,516. This
per capita income level is 79.3 % of the income when level compared with the rest of NC.
C. SEASONAL POPULATION
The impact of seasonal population on the City of Northwest is negligible. The reason for this
is that the City is located away from the resort beaches which experience huge influxes of
seasonal visitors. The City also has no retail service areas or centers which would tend to
draw people into the City for shopping excursions. Conversations with City residents indicate
a primary concern of City officials is the need for a local grocery and drug store in the
community. Residents must currently travel to Wilmington to shop for groceries. The lack
of commercial development in the City is an inconvenience for residents.
Those seasonal effects which are felt by the Town include a small increase in traffic from
March through October. The traffic increase does not directly affect the City as the traffic
generally bypasses, on U.S. Highway 74 - 76. The City has yet to capitalizes on its location
along this major traffic corridor as a means by which to improve the local economy.
It is expected that the recent lanes added to U.S. Highway 17 through Brunswick County will
' http://www.ncse.org/facts/income.html
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have a long term positive effect on growth in Brunswick County. This growth should
eventually affect the City of Northwest both seasonally and year-round. The County will
begin to act as a more efficient conduit for traffic between the major resort and population
centers of Wilmington and Myrtle Beach. As growth continues in these areas, people who
wish to avoid the urban environment, and the cost of establishing residency or living there,
will begin to look to the outlying areas nearby. The City of Northwest, which is
approximately 15 minutes from downtown Wilmington, will begin to reap the rewards of its
location. The City is poised to accept the possibility of growth in permanent population. (It is
a recurring theme in this Land Use Plan Amendment that the City of Northwest desires to
continue to grow and develop. Seasonal impacts on the region have a small effect on the City
now. As the entire region continues to grow, and as the City of Northwest continues to grow
with the region, there will be seasonal as well as permanent impacts. For more details on
growth, consult the policies section of this document.)
There are currently no major draws on community services, and no special expenses for the
City, during the months when much of the rest of Brunswick County is experiencing a
booming tourist business.
+� D. EXISTING LAND USE
The vast majority of lands within the City of Northwest are forested and timber harvesting
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continues to be a big business in Brunswick County. Commercial forestry is also an important
industry within Northwest's municipal boundary. This use is expected to continue in
importance through the planning period. There is also much land within the City which is
being farmed. This use will also continue to be important through the planning period.
It is anticipated that the number of acres used for residential purposes will increase during the
planning period. In 1998 there are 207 single family homes in Northwest. A large percentage
of these homes are manufactured homes. This corresponds with the count in 1996. At that
time there were 195 (+-) single family homes within the City of Northwest. Of this total,
some 120 (or 61 %) were manufactured homes. This is considered to be a large percentage of
manufactured homes. (Brunswick County is known to have the second highest number of
manufactured homes, by County, in the State. <Cumberland County is known to have
more. > The total number of manufactured homes in the County is approximately 38 % of the
total.)
It is anticipated that the number of businesses will increase within the planning period. There
are currently 3 businesses in the City: McKeithan's Wrecker Service, Phase II (a nightclub),
and a recently opened convenience store. Other uses include the Volunteer Fire Department
Building (which is currently serving as City Hall), the community building (which is used for
public meetings), the playground, several cemeteries and six churches (All Souls Episcopal
Church, Spring Green Baptist Church, Perkinsville Baptist Church, Bethel AME Church,
Crystal Springs Baptist Church, and the Salvation and Deliverance Church).
The City of Northwest has a large land area (this is the second largest municipality in land area
9

in the County) and is expected to continue to grow.
The Existing Land Use Map (1998) which gives a graphic depiction of the current land uses is
located in the back of this document.
E. CURRENT PLANS, POLICIES AND REGULATIONS
(1)—Zoning Ordinance
The initial Zoning Ordinance for the City of Northwest was adopted in December 1994. The
Zoning Ordinance was approved through the legal process described in the North Carolina
General Statutes. The Zoning Administrator for the City of Northwest is the City Clerk.
(2) Minimum Housing Code
The City of Northwest has in effect a Minimum Housing Code, which was prepared in
accordance with NC G.S. 16OA441, that declares that buildings which are unfit for human
habitation may be caused to be repaired or may be caused to be destroyed at the expense of the
owner of the property if the structure does not meet certain minimum standards. This
Ordinance was adopted February 13, 1995. The Code Enforcement Officer for the City of
Northwest is the City Clerk.
(3)—Subdivision Regulations
The City of Northwest Subdivision Regulations were adopted on June 29, 1995. The purpose
of these regulations is to establish procedures and standards for the development and
subdivision of land within the territorial jurisdiction of the City of Northwest. It is further
designed to provide for the orderly growth and development of the City; for the coordination
of streets and highways within proposed subdivisions; for the dedication or reservation of
recreation areas serving resident so the immediate neighborhood and rights -of --way easements
for street and utility purposes; and for the distribution of population and traffic in a manner
which will avoid congestion and overcrowding and will create conditions essential to public
health, safety, and the general welfare. The Ordinance will facilitate the further re -subdivision
of larger tracts into smaller parcels of land.
(4)—State Transportation Improvement Plan
The North Carolina Department of Transportation's "Transportation Improvement Plan"
currently shows no major improvements which will directly impact roads or land areas within
the City of Northwest. Northwest has unmet needs in the area of roads and wishes to work
with the NC DOT on roads improvemene. The City looks forward to a successful and
6 As a means of furthering this goal, the Northwest City Council, in November 1994, created the
Road Committee. The first organizational meeting of this Committee was held on December 20, 1994.
The Committee consists of eight citizen members who advise the Council on matters pertaining to roads
10

n with this organization. This munici ali incorporated in 1993,
continuing association g P tY, �
,G,, currently has no mutually adopted Thoroughfare Plan in accordance with N.C.G.S. 136.66.2.
1
1
(5)—Ordinance Creating a Planning Organization (Planning Board)
Most North Carolina Towns and Cities with any kind of land use regulation have a Planning
Board. Northwest is true to this standard. The duties of the Planning Board are advisory.
The Board supervises the preparation of Land Use Plan Amendments (such as this document),
special studies, Ordinances, and recommends these plans, policies, studies, and Ordinances to
the City Council .
The Planning Board in Northwest was created by a local Ordinance dated December 28, 1995.
This first Planning Board is governed by a set of Bylaws which define the following:
(a) Members and terms of office...
The Planning Board consists of 5 members. All of the members are citizens and residents of
the City and are appointed by the City Council. All new terms are by three year appointment.
(b) Officers and duties...
The Planning Board elects its own officers at the regular meeting in July of each year. The
officers are: (a) Chairman -- The Chairman presides over meetings and Public Hearings of
the Planning Board. The Chairman decides on matters of order and procedure. The Chairman
appoints Committees to study specific matters. The Chairman develops the meeting agenda
with assistance from the Zoning Administrator. The Chairman will also provide the City
Council with an annual report by May 30 of each year. (b) Vice -Chairman — In the absence
of the Chairman, the Vice -Chairman performs the duties assigned to the Chairman. (c)
Secretary -- The Secretary keeps the minutes of all meetings (both regular and special) and
hearings called by the Planning Board. The Secretary, after conferring with the Chairman,
sends notices of all meetings (special and regular) at least 4 days in advance of the' meeting and
will call and notify members at least 24 hours in advance of special or emergency meetings.
The Secretary also carries on routine correspondence and maintains records and files. The
Secretary is the Assistant City Clerk.
(c) Meetings... ,
Regular meetings of the Planning Board are on the third Tuesday of each month. Unless
special notice is given by the Chairman all meetings begin at 7:00 p.m. and are conducted at
the Community Building on Vernon Road. Special meetings may be called by the Chairman,
or the Vice -Chairman acting in the absence of the Chairman, provided that a minimum of 24
hours notice is given to members. A quorum consists of 3 members. A vote by a majority of
those present (when a quorum is present) decides matters. Members are required to vote
unless excused by the Chairman. An abstention constitutes an affirmative vote. Proceedings
are conducted according to Robert's Rules of Order and the Chairman is the final arbitrator on
matters of procedure.
and roads improvements.
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(d) Records retention...
All Planning Board records are to be made available to the public in accordance with the
requirements of the NC General Statutes. The Secretary maintains a file of all studies, plans,
reports, recommendations, minutes, and correspondence of the Planning Board. The file is
maintained at City Hall.
(6)Privilege License
The City of Northwest does not charge a privilege license tax. This is a three level tax that the
State, County, and City often all levy on the same business activity. The tax is levied on the
privilege of engaging in a particular occupation or business activity within the taxing
jurisdiction and is enforced and collected through the issuance of an annual license. The
statute which enables the levy of this tax is NC G.S. 105-33 through 105-113. A City which
wishes to levy this tax must adopt an Ordinance levying the tax. The Ordinance lists the
activities taxed and the tax rates. Cities have a great deal of flexibility in selecting the
activities to be taxed and the rate of tax. The privilege license tax is a revenue generating
measure and should not be used to regulate otherwise legitimate businesses. The City of
Northwest has henceforth not sought to charge this tax to businesses located in the City. The
primary reason is that it is felt that this tax might inhibit businesses wishing to locate within
the municipality. The City does not wish to inhibit any commercial investment based upon tax
considerations.
(7)—City Administration and Method of Operation
The City operates under the Mayor - Council form of government. The primary advantage of
this type of government is that it brings government closer to the voters. That is, the people
who have the responsibility of creating City policy as well as operating the gears of municipal
government are directly elected by the citizens. The elected officials are accountable for both
administration and the oversight of municipal functions. A weakness with this form of
government is the lack of any real executive leader since decision authority ultimately rests
with the governing body as a group. Responsibility for operations is shared by all members of
the City Council, which gives the municipality administration by committee. Strong consistent
direction depends on maintaining a general consensus, which may be difficult.
This form of local government is the principal form used in North Carolina. It predominates
as a type dramatically for those local governments with a population of under 5,000 persons.
In Northwest the City Council consists of five elected members and the Mayor all of whom are
elected by the people. As with most municipalities the governing board in Northwest is
elected on a nonpartisan basis and at large by the City's registered voters. Terms of office are
staggered to ensure a degree of continuity in municipal affairs and a certain amount of
experience on the Council.
The General Statutes require the following officers be appointed by a municipal government:
CLERK -- -- The clerk is responsible for giving the proper notices of regular and special
12

1
A
meetings of the governing board, keeping an accurate record of the board's proceedings and
being the custodian of all City records.
BUDGET OFFICER — --- The budget officer receives budget requests and ensures municipal
compliance with budget preparation and administrative requirements required by the General
Statutes. In the Mayor - Council form of government any City officer or employee, including
the Mayor (if he or she agrees), may serve as budget officer.
FINANCE OFFICER --- -r The finance officer keeps the accounts and disburses City funds
consistent with the General Statutes. These duties may also be conferred upon the budget
officer.
ATTORNEY — — The attorney serves as the legal advisor to the Council. He serves at the
pleasure of the Council.
TAX COLLECTOR -- The tax collector has the responsibility for collecting property,
privilege license, and all other taxes due a municipality and to fulfill the obligations imposed
by the General Statutes on tax collection. Any officer or employee can be appointed tax
collector except a member of the governing body. The finance officer may be appointed to
that office only with the consent of the Local Government Commission.
The City of Northwest has four employees. They are the City Clerk, Assistant/Deputy Clerk,
Police Chief, and a Maintenance Man. The City Clerk and Deputy Clerk work part-time.
The Police Chief is a full-time employee. The Maintenance Man works as necessary. As a
result of the lack of a large staff the members of the elected Board are often directly involved
in government administration. The basic administration plan in Northwest is direct
supervision. In this situation the governing Board appoints and removes all Department heads.
Since there are only a few employees, this style of governance seems to fit the City nicely. In
this situation, the Council is ultimately responsible for the for the operation of all City
Departments and activities. This plan is well suited for small Cities and seems to work well in
Northwest. This can be a cumbersome means of handling the administrative function if a
municipality has many departments.
Section 2: CONSTRAINTS TO DEVELOPMENT
A. LAND SUITABILITY
The majority of the city's land area is flat. There are some relatively minor fluctuations in the
land surface but these are minor. Most variations in elevation occur adjacent creeks and
tributaries. There are freshwater swamps and marshes within the City which are unsuitable for
development. For the location of the scattered freshwater wetlands which are regulated by the
Corps, a specific on site analysis must occur. This analysis must be performed by a qualified
wetlands consultant or U.S. Army Corps of Engineers staff.
Since there is currently no sewer system available within the City, wastewater. is treated by
1 13

septic systems. To determine the suitability of land for septic tank usage, the City relies on
the Brunswick County Health Department. Where septic systems will not operate, engineering
assistance must be obtained. Whenever development is proposed for wetland areas, U. S.
Army Corps of Engineers regulatory staff personnel must also grant permission to disturb the
land. The Town discourages high intensity land uses on soils which are not suitable for
development activity.
The Soil Survey of Brunswick County North Carolina (by William L. Barnhill of the Soil
Conservation Service, issued 1986) on the GENERAL SOIL MAP (compiled in 1984)
contained therein shows the area which has now become known as the City of Northwest as
having predominantly 2 types of Soils. These are: (1) GOLDSBORO-LYNCHBURG-
RAINS: Which are described as nearly level, very poorly drained soils that have a loamy
subsoil; on uplands. These soils are found on broad smooth interstream areas and slightly
convex divides in the western and central parts of the County. The mapped areas are irregular
in shape. This map unit makes up about 18 % of Brunswick County. It is about 30%
Goldsboro soils, 22 % Lynchburg soils, 20 % Rains soils, and 28 % soils of minor extent. (2)
BAYMEADE-BLANTON-NORFOLK: Which are described as nearly level to gently sloping,
well drained and moderately well drained soils that have a loamy subsoil; on uplands.
Typically these mapped areas are long and narrow. This map unit makes up about 12% of
Brunswick County. It is approximately 70 % Baymeade soils, 13 % Blanton soils, 7 % Norfolk
soils, and 10 % soils of minor extent.
The soils in Brunswick County which make up prime farmland are Foreston loamy fine sand,
Goldsboro fine sandy loam, Johns fine sandy loam, Norfolk loamy fine sand, and Onslow fine
sandy loam. The general location of each of these types of soil is found in the maps
accompanying the document referenced above.
About 75,598 acres, or about 14 percent of Brunswick County meets the soil requirement for
prime farmland. (This is the most recent estimate (from 1986). It is acknowledged that the
number of acres defined as prime farmland has decreases since 1986.) Some of these soils
exist within the Northwest area. Prime farmland soils may be those presently in use as
cropland, pasture, or woodland, or they may be in other uses. They either are used for
producing food or fiber or are available for these uses. Urban or built up land and water areas
cannot be considered prime farmland. (Urban or built up land is defined by the Soil
Conservation Service as any contiguous unit of land 10 acres or more in size that is used for
such purposes as housing, industrial, and commercial sites, sites for institutions or public
buildings, small parks, golf courses, cemeteries, railroad yards, airports, sanitary landfills,
sewage treatment plants, and water control structures.) For more specific information, consult
the maps included in the Soil Survey of Brunswick County North Carolina, 1986. For detailed
information a site survey is required.
B. CARRYING CAPACITY
There is a large amount of land available for development activity within the City of
Northwest. (This is the second largest municipality in terms of land area in Brunswick County
14

1
and presently has a population of 798 persons (1998 estimate).) This gives the City great
potential for growth. Much of the land available is also suitable for development. Most of the
land within the City is in private ownership in relatively large tracts. There are 2 primary
reasons why land within the City may not be available for development:
(1) The land is already developed; or,
(2) Freshwater wetlands exist on the property.
The main type of important wetlands in Northwest are freshwater marshes and seasonal
wetlands. Freshwater wetlands are perhaps the most familiar type of wetland. They vary
from the roadside ditch with cattails to the edges of vast lakes, ponds, and rivers. Beavers are
busy little wetlands engineers and these animals are known to inhabit portions of the City of
Northwest. Where they thrive, they are often instrumental in creating wetlands and marshy
type habitat. Freshwater wetlands are important habitat areas. Seasonal wetlands fill with
winter rains and generally dry out during summer and fall. They are as ordinary as a puddle
in the backyard and yet are also critical, especially as breeding habitat, for a wide variety of
important species of animals. Since these seasonal wetlands are often smaller than one acre,
they are not well protected by existing regulations.
Section 404 of the Clean Water Act enables State and federal agencies to regulate development
activities occurring in wetlands. The 404 program requires a permit before disturbing wetland
areas. The NC Division of Coastal Management currently reviews U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers (404) permits issued, for projects over one-third of an acre in size, for consistency
with Coastal Resources Commission regulations and policies and those policies contained in
local Land Use Plans. The vast majority of permits requested are granted. It is not the intent
of this process to deny people the use of their land. The process gives officials the opportunity
to work with people, and in some case projects are modified, to lessen impacts on wetlands..
Savannas are also known to exist in the Northwest area. These are often found in the NC
coastal plain next to pocosins. Savannas are unusually diverse habitat and support as many as
52 plant species per square meter. These are open, flat grassy areas with little other vegetative
cover other than an occasional long leaf pine. The areas where they meet a pocosin are known
as ecotones and these areas often contain the Venus flytrap and rough -leaf loosestrife. The
endangered red -cockaded woodpecker also lives in savannas because it prefers old growth
pines.
The ability of Northwest to support and to allow development activity is dependant on both its
natural and man-made systems. This is a small City. New growth is possible. New growth is
desired and in the City of Northwest there is much land available. The land available is
suitable for a variety of types of development (both residential and commercial). Policies
contained in this plan will help to determine where development will be encouraged. (See
Section 4: POLICIES FOR GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT.)
1
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Section 3: ESTIMATED DEMAND
A. WATER
It is expected that a water system will be constructed in this City within ten years. This will
be an important growth mechanism for the City. As it currently exists, Northwest residents all
use individual wells. The water is often found to contain hydrogen sulfide which gives a
peculiar odor to the water. The individual wells are shallow, about 20 - 30 feet, and the water
is all surficial in source. (In the City there is no large aquifer available with a large supply of
high quality water.) The Pee Dee sandstone aquifer is found in the area but it is deep and it is
brackish and therefore not useable for human consumption.
The City of Northwest currently has no public or private water systems available to provide
potable water for residents or businesses within the City. The availability of water will be an
important incentive to growth in the City of Northwest.
B. SEWER
The City of Northwest currently has no public sewer system. There are no private sewer
systems (or package treatment plants) within the municipal boundary. There are none of these
facilities planned. All development activity within the City currently relies on septic tanks for
the treatment of sewerage. This has been a problem in some areas as lands which were only
barely suitable for septic systems have received permits and consequently these systems are not
operating, in all cases, at peak levels of efficiency. Some of these problem systems were
repaired as a result of the instigation of the City of Northwest Community Development
Program. Other problem areas still exist.
The City of Northwest may, at some point in the future, be able to support a public sewerage
system. It is not currently possible due to financial considerations.
C. LEVEL OF USE FOR SCHOOLS, ROADS, & HOSPITALS
Schools
Public school students in the City of Northwest attend the following schools:
Grades K-2 attend Lincoln Primary School. The Lincoln Primary School building was
designed to hold 525 pupils. They currently have 685 students enrolled. They are operating at
approximately 130% of design capacity. This school is on Lincoln Road in the vicinity of
Leland.
Grades 3-5 attend Belville Elementary School. The building was designed to hold 592
students. They currently have 664 students enrolled. They are operating at 112% of capacity.
This school is located on River Road in Belville. The principal is Mr. Robert Graham.
16

Grades 6-8 attend Leland Middle School. The building was designed to hold 650 student and
currently has 560 students enrolled. The school is operating at approximately 86% of design .
capacity. The school is on Old Fayetteville Road in the Town of Leland. The principal is Ms.
Diana Mintz.
Grades 9 - 12 attend North Brunswick High School. The school was designed to hold 546
students and currently has 625 enrolled. They are operating at approximately 114% of design
capacity. The school is located on Scorpion Drive in Leland. The principal is Mr. Robert
Harris.
It is expected that the tremendous growth of Brunswick County will continue to pressure the
local school system into expansion plans. This will be a costly undertaking. The City of
,Northwest recognizes the importance of basic and advanced educational opportunities as an
important means of enhancing life for future generations. The City will work closely with the
Brunswick County Board of Education and the County School System to coordinate plans and
to achieve growth in educational services concurrent with population growth.
It appears that despite the fact that an elementary school is already being constructed in
P
northern Brunswick County, other school buildings may be necessary in the near future. The
City of Northwest wishes to work with elected officials and education facilities planners on the
location of these schools. City officials have much expertise to offer on the availability of land
in northern Brunswick County and especially within the City of Northwest and hereby freely
offer assistance to those officials. Future schools sites within the City of Northwest would be
welcomed.
Roads .
The City of Northwest received $22,862.46 in Powell Bill funds during fiscal year 1997.
These funds are allocated according to a formula based upon population and the number of
miles of City owned and maintained roads. The amount of these funds varies, from year to
year, based on changes in these criteria by other municipalities, by changes in the, City of
Northwest, and, by changes in the amount of dollars available. The funds were used this year
to repair existing roadways (patching, smoothing, repairing holes, etc.). There are currently
more roads in the City which need repair. - The City of Northwest Roads Committee has
worked with City Council on the prioritization of repairs necessary. The work of this
Committee is expected to continue through the planning period covered by this document.
There is not a traffic congestion problem within the City of Northwest. Traffic counts and
urban transportation type planning concerns have not begun to be thought about by citizens
except in meetings of the City Council or Planning Board where land development activity is
discussed.
There have been no Department of Transportation traffic counts within Northwest's planning
jurisdiction. The last area counts were for 1997. For that portion of U.S. Highway 74-76
which borders the. City of Northwest at its southern boundary the 1997 count .was 14,900
1 17

vehicles per day. (This figure was from the NC DOT Traffic Survey Office which may be
reached at 1-919-733-9770.) This is a busy road which bypasses this community but does not
serve to funnel traffic into the City. It is true that City residents use this highway to get to
area urban centers and to return. So a portion of this 14,900 vehicles per day includes those
vehicles which exit Northwest and travel during the day to other areas and who may return to
the City at evening time. Local traffic, within the City, is light.
Determining capacities for roadways is a tricky business. Under "ideal" circumstances a two
lane road can carry 2,800 vehicles per hour. (So says the NC DOT Traffic Engineering
Office, who reported this figure from the federal Highway Capacity manual.) That is 1,400
each direction at 60 MPH. Under ideal circumstances a four lane road can carry 2,000 per
hour per lane per side at 60 MPH. Ideal circumstances must be rare. Any side interference
makes matters worse. Any drivers who do not drive a steady speed make matters worse and
any driver who does not drive the "ideal" speed makes matters worse.
The City of Northwest is not'now plagued with traffic or transportation problems. The Town
is willing to work with the County and the NC DOT on any necessary improvements. Review
of the Transportation Improvement Program published by NC DOT indicates there are
currently no plans for improvement within the Northwest area. There are also no
improvements planned in the vicinity of the City which would benefit from City interaction
with the planners. Any additional plans to be discussed regarding the outer loop around the
City of Wilmington would be of great interest and concern to City officials. No further
regional area transportation planning for major thoroughfares or new traffic routes should take
place without involving the City of Northwest. The City wishes to play a role in planning for
these roadways.
Hospitals
The New Hanover Regional Medical Center is the closest hospital to the City of Northwest.
The facility was opened in June of 1967. This is a 628 bed publicly owned facility with 320
doctors on staff. There are approximately 3,000 persons employed at this comprehensive
health care facility which offers a full range of medical services to patients.
Another alternative, in the vicinity, is The Brunswick Hospital. This facility as built in 1978.
This was a former County Hospital which is now in private ownership. (Owned as of 1995 by
Columbia HCA (Hospital Corporation of America); which is headquartered in Nashville,
Tennessee.) This is a 60 bed hospital serving (primarily) Brunswick County. The Brunswick
Hospital has 2 operating rooms and a staff of 15 doctors. If a patient is found to be very ill,
beyond the capacity of The Brunswick Hospital to serve, the patient is transported via VitaLink
to New Hanover Regional Medical Center or, depending on the emergency, by helicopter to
other medical facilities.
D. POPULATION AND ECONOMY
The current population of the City is believed to be 798 persons (as of 1998). (This projection
18

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was made in mid 1998, and was based on projections from the Office of State Planning.)
Figures released in the FALL of 1997 show the 1996 official estimate of population to be 752
persons. The City believes its population is now in excess of this figure. The City has an
abundant amount of land available and suitable for projected growth.
There are only 3 known businesses inn Northwest at this writing. The economy of the City of
Northwest is expected to continue to grow. Northwest's growth will be strong but will lag
behind the growth experienced in the rest of Brunswick County.
E. SEASONAL POPULATION
Though it is possible, there is no situation which can be currently viewed as expected or
anticipated which will cause seasonal population to swell to the extent that it will become an
important or even a significant planning concern for the City of Northwest within the planning
period.
F. LOCAL OBJECTIVES CONCERNING GROWTH
The City of Northwest wishes to continue to grow. City officials believe the City occupies an
enviable location. The City is located just off a four lane major highway which is the main
transportation route (east - west) between the urban areas of Wilmington and Charlotte. The
City is located just west of the main (north - south) transportation corridor east of Interstate
95, which is U.S. Highway 17, and very close to the Interstate 40 terminus at Wilmington.
The City is just north and west of the well known and beautiful beach resort areas of
Brunswick County and (also nearby) Myrtle Beach, SC. The City of Northwest is located
within one of the fastest growing Counties in North Carolina.
All of these factors, when considered as a whole seem to scream future growth to the elected
and appointed Boards within the City of Northwest. The area (which became an incorporated
municipality in 1993) has not grown dramatically within the last 20 years. Other Brunswick
County communities, particularly the beach resorts and those areas closer to the urban center
of Wilmington, have already begun to grow quite rapidly. As more people choose to locate in
the area, more businesses will also locate in the vicinity of Northwest.
The Citysees their lack of growth over the last 20 ears as a benefit. As much of the rampant
g y
growth in the County has passed this community by, the City has been left as it was. The
City's leaders have seen the experiences of other communities around the region. The lack of
the recent accelerated growth experienced in much of Brunswick County has left Northwest a
quaint place. Northwest is strongly rooted in the past yet looking toward their future.
Northwest's small town charm is also not gone. The agricultural roots of this community are
still apparent and obvious. The City has planning tools in place which will allow future
growth to be controlled and which will enhance the best of the City's attractive qualities. The
City of Northwest is poised on the brink of a new future. The objective is controlled growth
in concert with the natural environment and according to the City's Ordinances. The growth
Lexpected will be slow, yet steady, with residential growth expected, primarily, within the
1 19

planning period. Some commercial growth is also possible. It is the generalized desire of
City officials to accommodate growth.
Section 4: POLICIES FOR GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
It is the policy of the City of Northwest to protect area cultural as well as natural resources,
including air, land and water. The City will strive to provide this protection through the
passage of well thought out land use regulation. Policies for growth and development adopted
by the City of Northwest will be comprehensive in scope. The primary focus of consideration
will be those areas within the jurisdictional boundary of the City. The City also recognizes
that jurisdictional lines do not necessarily limit the interest of the City. Northwestern
Brunswick County is rapidly growing and is facing tremendous change. This municipality,
and the people living herein, represent the future of this City. As an important part of the
future of a vital and growing coastal southeastern North Carolina, the City will continue to
work with Brunswick County, neighboring municipalities, and other interests to build a future
which will be in the best interest of all residents. It is recognized that a healthy future is
principally based upon wise decisions in the present. The City of Northwest's, elected and
appointed Boards are aware of their responsibility to the future.
A. RESOURCE PROTECTION
The City of Northwest recognizes the preservation of resources (natural and cultural) as an
important component in the quality of life that citizens enjoy. Activities which will disturb
existing resources within the City of Northwest, should be allowed only according to existing
local regulations and in keeping with the policies within this Land Use Plan Amendment.
1) Constraints to Development
Development activity in areas subject to natural or man-made hazards shall be carefully
controlled. It is the policy of the City to minimize development and to encourage low
intensity land uses (i.e., open space and/or recreational type uses) in areas subject to natural or
man-made hazardous conditions. It shall be the policy of the City of Northwest to ensure strict
compliance with all state and federal regulations concerning wetland protection.
The City of Northwest has a tremendous land area currently in open and undeveloped use.
These lands are a great asset for the community and are waiting and available for
environmentally sound development activity. It is recognized by City officials that there are
certain limitations to development which occur naturally and the areas which contain these
limitations are avoided by the wise developer. Under certain limited conditions, development
activity in areas with constraints may be possible. Any development should always happen in
such a way as to avoid creating problems to neighboring property owners or future owners of
the property being developed, and cultural and environmental artifacts or species which are
irreplaceable or limited in number should always be protected.
It is the policy of the City of Northwest to limit development activity in those areas which
20

have soils which are unsuitable for development. The federal programs to protect wetlands
areas are fully supported by the City. To the extent possible the areas which area identified as
having soils which are currently unsuitable for development, are identified as
Agriculture/Forestry areas within the City's Zoning Ordinance. This Ordinance provides for
limited use of these areas.
The City has no current plans for the development of a sewer system. (Officials believe. there
will not be a public sewer system within the planning period.) It is, however, believed by City
officials that one day a sewer system will be possible. Before that day arrives, the City's
policy on development of areas where soils are currently unsuitable will be re-evaluated. The
primary means of handling sewerage in the City of Northwest is by septic tank. Until such
time as public sewerage becomes available, the continued use of septic systems, or package
treatment plants (approved by the NC Division of Water Quality), within the City's planning
jurisdiction is supported by City officials. The policy of the City is to allow development
activity in areas where soils will support the activity, and where such activity is consistent with
federal, local and State regulations. The City will continue to work with the Brunswick
County Public Health Department to identify those areas which are suitable for septic systems.
There are areas within the City which are prone to flooding during severe storm events..
Shallow flooding along tributaries and streams such as Bear Branch, Fox Grape Branch,
Meeting House Branch, Double Run Branch, and Rattlesnake Branch is possible. The City has
not instituted a flood insurance program with the Federal Emergency Management Agency
(FEMA). The City, only having just formed in 1993, has focused on other priorities.. It is the
intention of City officials to become a participant in the FEMA program. It is the policy of
the City of Northwest to limit development within those areas which are subject to flood.
There are areas within the City which are in the 100 year floodplain. Since these areas exist,
and since no federal flood insurance is available, the property of some residents is at risk due
to flood and may be uninsured. City officials wish to better protect the property of residents
in an emergency by allowing the opportunity to purchase insurance. The City wishes to
participate in the FEMA program. Effects of non -participation include:
(1) Federal flood insurance is not available.
(2) No federal grants or loans for buildings may be made in identified flood hazard areas.
(Includes all federal agencies (HUD, EPA, SBA, HHR, etc.).
(3) No federal disaster assistance may be provided in identified flood hazard areas for
permanent restorative construction and grants.
(4) No federal mortgage insurance may be provided in identified flood hazard areas. (This
included FHA, VA, FHA, etc.)
It is recognized that federal loans and guarantees not available as a result of non -participation
may cause decisions to be made by investors which would have otherwise benefitted the City.
Northwest officials will look into joining the National Flood Insurance Program and to the
subsequent availability of Federal Flood Insurance.
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Policy Statements:
- It is the policy of the City of Northwest to carefully control development in areas subject to
natural or man-made hazards. The City will minimize development and encourage low
intensity land uses in (i.e.,, recreational and/or open type uses) in any areas subject to such
hazards.
— It is the policy of Northwest to strictly adhere to all state and federal regulations involving
wetland protection.
— Despite a large amount of open land, Northwest takes a wise -use stance on future
development within the City. Northwest recognizes that areas exist which naturally contain
developmental limitations. Development in these areas will largely be avoided. Only after
careful consideration and under certain limited conditions, developmental activities in areas
with constraints may take place.
— Development activity in Northwest should always occur in a manner that will avoid
creating problems to neighboring property owners or future owners of the property being,
developed. Northwest will protect and preserve any cultural and environmental artifacts or
species which are limited in number.
— It is the policy of Northwest to limit development activity in any areas. which contain soils
that are unsuitable for the development proposed.
— Because a public sewer system is not currently available to Northwest, it is the City's
policy to use septic tanks as the primary means of handling sewerage. -
- Until a sewerage system becomes economically feasible for Northwest, the City's policy on
development of areas where soils are currently deemed unsuitable, will be re-evaluated. The
policy of Northwest is to allow development activity in areas where soils will support activity,
and where such activity is consistent with local, State and federal regulations.
— Northwest will continue to work with the Brunswick County Health Department to identify
those areas which are suitable for septic tanks.
— Although areas exist within the City that are within the 100 year floodplain, Northwest is
not currently a participant in the Federal Emergency Management Agency's (FEMA) flood
insurance program. Under these circumstances, no flood insurance protection is available to
the City's residents or prospective investors. It is the intent of the City of Northwest to
become a participant in the Nation Flood Insurance Program in order to provide its residents
with the opportunity to better protect property which may be at risk due to flood. It is the
current policy of Northwest to limit development within those areas that are subject to flood.
(2) Areas of Environmental Concern
The Coastal Resources Commission (CRC) calls for the identification of important land and
water areas judged to be of greater than local significance. These areas are known as Areas of
Environmental Concern. The CRC in cooperation with local governments has developed a
permitting program for development activity in Areas of Environmental Concern. The intent
is not to stop development, but to insure the compatibility of development with the continued
productivity and value of certain critical land and water areas.
There are no Areas of Environmental Concern (AEC's) within the planning jurisdiction of the
City of Northwest. The City Council recognizes the importance of a clean environment and
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supports the protection of those special areas of our coast which have received this designation
by the Coastal Resources Commission., It is recognized that not all AEC's are strictly coastal.
Areas of natural significance, water supply watersheds, and areas which have historic or
archaeologic importance are also suitable for inclusion as an AEC according to the designation
criteria. (These criteria are in Subchapter 7H, of Chapter 15A, of the North Carolina
Administrative Code, and are available at the Wilmington, NC, Division of Coastal
Management Office.) It is not known at this time that any areas exist within the City of
Northwest which would call for this special designation. City officials support the NC Coastal
Management program and are willing to assist in whatever manner possible with the
continuation of the work of this important agency.
Policy Statements:
— While there are currently no Areas of Environmental Concern located in Northwest, it is
the City's policy to recognize the importance of a clean environment and support the
protection of those special areas of our coast which have received this designation by the
Coastal Resources Commission.
— Northwest recognizes that not all AEC's are coastal. Areas of natural significance, water
supply watersheds, and areas which have historic or archaeologic importance are also suitable
for inclusion as an AEC according to designation criteria. At this time it is not known that any
areas exist within the City of Northwest which would call for this special designation. It is the
City's policy to support the NC Division of Coastal Management program and to assist this
agency in any manner. Should any archaeologic resources be discovered, the State Division of
Archives and History will be contacted.
(3) Development in Proximity to Outstanding Resource Waters (ORW's)
As a means of support for the continuation of a strong commercial fishing industry within
Brunswick County, the City of Northwest supports protection of the ORW areas within coastal
North Carolina by favoring limited development adjacent to these waters. The City's policy
on development in and around streams and tributaries within the Northwest area mirrors this
concern. Dense or noxious industrial, commercial, or residential development activity which
would impair the resource (water) around these sensitive natural features is discouraged. The
City of Northwest supports ORW designation for any appropriate water bodies in Brunswick
County.
Policy Statements:
— It is the policy of Northwest to support protection of the ORW areas within coastal North
Carolina by limiting development adjacent to these waters. Classified by the NC Division of
Water Quality, these waters are recognized as being the highest quality waters in the State of
North Carolina. ORW's are defined as being unique and special surface waters that are of
exceptional State or National significance and have exceptional water quality.
— There are no ORW's within the City if Northwest. Northwest supports the identification
and designation of these waters by the NC DWQ.
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(4) Fragile Land Areas'
For purposes of this document, and in keeping with the requirements of the NC Coastal
Resources Commission, the following areas are considered "fragile:"
(a) Freshwater Swamps and Marshes
There are freshwater swamps and marsh areas within the City of Northwest. For the most
part, these areas are located around the various streams and branches within the City.
Development activity in these areas must be consistent with the current federal rules and
regulations governing wetlands development activity. This area is also subject to the
restrictions imposed by the City's Subdivision Regulations which require wetlands
identification and review.. The Brunswick County Health Department is responsible for the
determination of whether or not a septic tank permit will be issued. It is the policy of the City
that development activity (including roads) is discouraged in swamps and marshes and
development proposed in wetlands should be limited. This policy is reflected in the Zoning
Ordinance and Subdivision Regulations.
(b) Manmade Hazard Areas
The City of Northwest is located approximately 33 road miles from the CP&L nuclear power
plant. The City does not consider the location of this plant to be of great planning concern. ` In
reality, and in a case of extreme emergency, it is recognized that this proximity may have
implications for the City. The City accepts assurances from the U. S. Department of Energy,
and the County and State Departments of Emergency Management that the plant is safe.
Accordingly, City land use planning activity will not be governed by the location of this plant.
The City would be evacuated in case of extreme emergency. The City Council will review
and comment upon any proposals for plant expansion which seem to have implications for the
City. The general policy of the City is to oppose any expansion of this facility. It is the
position of the City that any CP&L proposals concerning this plant which will possibly have
impacts for the outlying areas should have mutual agreement and consent from the NC Utilities
Commission, the County, and those municipalities located therein.
The Sunny Point Military Depot is not recognized as a hazard to the City. There are no
airports, no chemical storage areas, no industrial (or industrial type) manufacturing concerns
producing hazardous products or by-products in the City of Northwest. There are no other
known manmade hazards either in or around the City of Northwest. It is the policy of the City
to promote clean industry. It is the policy of the City to oppose hazardous and noxious or
dangerous facilities which may wish to locate within the Northwest area.
Man made hazards are included in this section per the current requirements of the NC Coastal
Resources Commission.
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(c) Archaeologic or Historic Areas
Correspondence from Mr. David Brook, Deputy State Historic Preservation Officer, of the NC
Division of Archives & History, indicates there are no recorded archaeologic or historic sites
within the City of Northwest. It is important to note, however, the area has not been
jsurveyed. The possibility exists that archaeological sites ranging from the prehistoric to the
historic period may be located within the City. The City is known to be situated on what was
once the 2.162-acre estate of Samuel Rowell (1790-1857). According to historian Don
Lennon, Mr. Rowell... "married Charlotte Skipper (1794-1869) in 1810 and they made their
home at the 'Old Homestead' at Northwest in Brunswick County. Samuel was involved in a
variety of enterprises ..... His 'Red House' ordinary and store apparently served as a stage
coach stop and a popular resting place for travelers during the 1830's and 1840's."
It is the policy of the City to preserve historic properties and archaeologic sites. The City
recognizes its heritage. City officials wish to preserve cultural artifacts of all types which may
exist within the planning jurisdiction of Northwest. Development activity which would
negatively effect historic or archaeologic resources will only be considered possible in light of
the ways these resources may be preserved or protected. Any outright destruction or
elimination of a resource of this type is prohibited.
d Prime Farmland
A large percentage of the land area inside Northwest's corporate limits consists of prime
farmland. ; (These areas are defined in the Brunswick County Soil Survey dated November,
1986.) As these areas are also suitable for development and as the City wishes to grow, it is
the policy of the City that these areas be carefully developed. City officials recognize that
much of the community's charm is associated with the rural background and the quiet slow
pace of life enjoyed by all residents. Development will be consistent with the requirements of
the City's Subdivision Regulations and Zoning Ordinance.
(e) Wildlife Habitat Areas
There are no publicly owned wildlife areas within the City of Northwest. There are also no
NC Gamelands areas, designated by the NC Wildlife Resources Commission, within the City.
There are no known private wildlife sanctuaries within the City of Northwest or its environs.
There are, however, extensive wooded areas which are known to contain a wide variety of
flora and fauna which are indigenous to the area. It is City policy to support and protect
wildlife. Areas which are designated, and which are a suitable environment for wildlife, shall
be supported by the City. Areas which are privately owned shall be the responsibility of the
owner. The City envisions no circumstance, aside from possible gift or inheritance (which
would be considered carefully before acceptance), whereby the City would become the owner
of a large tract suitable for wildlife habitat on a large scale. Land lying fallow, whether it be
woodland or field (and not being used for storage of any type), is completely consistent with
City policy and is supported. Any unused land which may be donated for public purposes to
' the City, the State, or to a Land Trust, would be consistent with City policy intent.
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(1) Hurricane & Flood Evacuation Needs & Plans
The City of Northwest City Council supports the Brunswick County Emergency Management
Department's Storm Hazard Mitigation, Post -Disaster Recovery & Evacuation Plan for.
Hurricane and Flood Evacuation. A complete copy of this Plan is available from the County
Emergency Management Office.
It is the policy of the City to:
—Discourage high intensity uses and large structures from being constructed within the 100
year flood plain, erosion prone areas, and other areas susceptible to hurricane and other storm
event flooding.
—Consider purchasing parcels located within hazard areas or rendered unsuitable for building
development by storms or other events for the purpose of recreation. Developers may also be
required to provide such properties as open space under circumstances related to the issuance
of a conditional use permit or under circumstances related to the subdivision of land.
—Continue to enforce the NC Building Code, particularly those provisions which require
construction standards to meet wind resistive factors (i.e., design, wind velocity).
—Encourage the placement of utilities underground for all new development.
Policy Statements:
— The City of Northwest supports County, State and federal regulations and policies designed
to continue the protection of "fragile areas" discussed in this Land Use Plan Amendment.
— Freshwater swamps and marsh areas are present within Northwest. It is the City's policy
that development activity in these areas be consistent with federal regulations governing
wetlands development activity. These wetlands are also subject to restrictions imposed by the
City's Subdivision Regulations which require wetlands identification and review.
— It is the policy of Northwest that development activity, including roads, is to be
discouraged in swamps and marsh areas. Development proposed in wetlands will be limited
and is subject to the City's Zoning Ordinance and Subdivision Regulations.
— It is the policy of Northwest for the Brunswick County Health Department to handle the
responsibility of issuing septic tank permits.
— The City of Northwest recognizes no Manmade Hazard Areas. While the CP&L nuclear
power plant exists approximately 33 road miles from Northwest, the City has been reassured
of the plant's safety by County, State and federal agencies. Northwest does not consider the
plant's proximity to be a primary planning concern. It is the general policy of Northwest to
oppose any further expansion by the nuclear facility.
— It is the policy of Northwest to oppose hazardous, noxious or dangerous facilities that wish
to locate within the Northwest area. Northwest promotes clean industry.
— According to the NC Division of Archives and History, there has been no official
documentation of cultural (historic/archaeologic) resources in the City of Northwest. If an
inventory survey revealed any sites of prehistoric and/or historic settlements, the City of
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Northwest would strive for their protection through its land use regulations.
— Northwest will not permit the destruction of any archaeologic or historic resources that may
be located within the City.
- It is the policy of Northwest to carefully develop their large reserves of prime farmland
which are suitable for development activity as the City continues to grow.. Requirements for
development will be consistent with the City's Subdivision Regulations and Zoning
Ordinances.
— It is the policy of the City to protect and support wildlife and wildlife habitat. Any areas in
Northwest which become designated as public wildlife sanctuaries, and which are suitable for
wildlife species, will be supported by Northwest. Privately owned areas designated as wildlife
sanctuaries shall be the responsibility of the owner. For the designation of preservation,
Northwest would carefully consider the acceptance of a gift or the inheritance of a parcel of
land. Land lying fallow, either woodland or field (and not being used for storage of any type),
is consistent with City policy and supported. Any unused land that may be donated for public
purposes to Northwest, the State, or to a Land Trust, would be consistent with the City policy
intent.
— It is the policy of the City of Northwest to support the Brunswick County Emergency
Management Department's Storm Hazard Mitigation, Post -Disaster Recovery & Evacuation
Plan for Hurricane and Flood Evacuation. A complete copy of this Plan is available from the
Brunswick County Management Office.
— In subject to storm and flood policy, Northwest discourages high intensity uses and large
structures from being constructed within the 100 year floodplain, areas prone to erosion, and
areas at risk to hurricane and other storm event flooding.
— Northwest will consider the purchase of land parcels for the purpose of recreation that are
located within hazard areas or deemed unsuitable for building activity by storms or other
events. Developers may be required to utilize such properties as open space under
circumstances related to the issuance of a conditional use permit or under circumstances related
to the subdivision of land.
— It is the policy of Northwest to enforce the NC Building Code, especially in reference to
provisions which require specific construction standards to meet wind resistive factors (i.e.,
design, wind velocity).
— The City of Northwest will continue to encourage underground placement of utilities for all
new development.
(5) Protection of Potable Water
Drinking water is provided within the City of Northwest through individual wells. These
wells are surficial and the supply consist of saturated sand. Private wells in the area are
shallow (20-30 feet) and the water available is hard (has a high iron content) and contains
hydrogen sulfide which emits an odor.
Another source of drinking water may soon be available through an agreement with Brunswick
County. The County's public system draws water from the Cape Fear River. The feeder lines
for the County system are very close to the City of Northwest. The City has an interest in
obtaining County water. It is the policy of the City of Northwest to participate in a public
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system, such as Brunswick County, or to create a municipal water system within the planning
period served by this document.
For the future, and with respect to groundwater resources which are, and which will remain,
the only source of potable water within the City, the City fully supports the Division of Water
Quality's (DWQ) rules regarding development activity near groundwater source areas. City
policy is to enhance the protection of these areas and to provide for groundwater recharge
areas consistent with DWQ's rules, the Zoning Ordinance, and the Subdivision Regulations.
Any water intensive industrial or manufacturing type users will be carefully scrutinized before
being allowed to locate within the City of Northwest. It is the policy of the City to carefully
protect the available groundwater resources.
Policy Statements:
— The City fully supports the NC Division of Water Quality"s (DWQ) rules regarding
development activity near groundwater source areas, as these resources are, currently, the only
source of potable water in Northwest. City policy seeks to enhance the protection of these
areas and to provide for groundwater recharge areas that are in compliance with the regulations
of the DWQ, the City's Zoning Ordinance, and Subdivision Regulations.
— It is the policy intent of the City of Northwest to soon be a participant in a water system
such as Brunswick County's public water system, which draws its water from the Cape Fear
River. Residents of Northwest currently rely on shallow, sandy individuals wells as their
source of potable water.
- It is the policy of Northwest to carefully protect its groundwater resources. Any industries
or manufacturing companies with high intensity water uses would be carefully reviewed before
allowing to locate within the City.
(6) Use of Package Treatment Plants
The City of Northwest will support the construction and use of package treatment plants which
are approved and permitted by the NC Division of Water Quality. If any package treatment
plants are approved, the City will support, through its Subdivision Regulations, creation of a
specific contingency plan requiring and specifying how ongoing private operation and
maintenance of the plant will be provided. Details providing for assumption of the plant into a
public system at a later date (and alternatives to consider should the operation fail) are also
required and will be carefully analyzed before subdivision regulations would permit such a
facility.
Policy Statements:
— In the absence of a centralized sewer system, the City of Northwest maintains that all new
and existing dwellings should have properly installed and functioning septic tanks. This will
help decrease the risk of groundwater and surface water pollution from septic tanks. The
Brunswick County Health Department will issue septic tank permits on the basis of soil
suitability and the required distances from domestic water sources.
— Any package treatment plants located in Northwest in the future would only be supported by
the City for operation after approval was met by the Subdivision Regulations. A detailed
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contingency plan that specifies how ongoing private maintenance of the plant will be managed
would be necessary before such a facility would be approved. Specifications of this
contingency plan must include assumption of the plant into a public system at a later date, and
alternatives to consider should the operation fail.
(7) Stormwater Runoff
The City of Northwest is located in close proximity to wetlands associated with the Cape Fear
River. Because of this location, and as a result of the rural character of present day City life,
City residents recognize the value of water quality maintenance. Ecologically fragile and
sensitive areas are recognized by elected officials, appointed officials, and residents as areas
which should be protected. It is the policy of the City of Northwest to support State
regulations protecting bodies of water and the environment from the harmful effects of
stormwater runoff resulting from development activity (roads, bridges, etc.).
The flooding of roads in the City following a rain event is a critical problem which needs to be
dealt with immediately. The runoff associated with storms has made road conditions,
particularly conditions on those unpaved minor roads through local neighborhoods, dangerous.
The problem is currently being resolved through the expenditure of the City's Powell Bill
funds. In the future, the subdivision review process in the City of Northwest has been created
to include, careful, consideration of stormwater plans for lots and roads. NC Department of
Transportation officials will be consulted on all future public road projects. All future roads
constructed within the City of Northwest must be constructed to the minimum standards of the
NC Department of Transportation for subdivision roads, must be paved, and must be consist
with all Division of Water Quality, and NC Division of Land Quality, rules and regulations
regarding stormwater runoff and the retention of stormwater.
The City of Northwest has a drainage problem. Ditching of areas of the City, which was
performed in the past, was done in a way which has seemed to exacerbate the present day
problem of flooding. The City wishes to work with the NC Department of Transportation and
other agencies on relieving the problem of flooding following storm events or an extended
period of rainy weather. It is the intention of the City to create a master drainage plan as a
means of flood reduction and to improve environmental conditions.
Policy Statements:
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— The City of Northwest fully supports State regulations protecting the surrounding
environment and bodies of water from the harmful effects of stormwater runoff which results
from development activity (roads, bridges, roofs, etc.). Residents and officials recognize the
value of ecologically fragile areas in their environs and wish to work to protect them.
— The City views the flooding which occurs after an intense rain event on unpaved roads and
in numerous areas within Northwest as an unacceptable hazard that requires immediate
attention. The City of Northwest has created a subdivision review process for the future that
will include careful consideration of stormwater plans for both lots and roads.
— The NC Department of Transportation, the NC Division of Water Quality and the NC
' Department of Land Quality will be consulted on all future public roads projects. - All future
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roads in Northwest must be paved, and meet all rules and regulations set forth by these
agencies regarding stormwater runoff and the retention of stormwater.
- It is the policy intent of Northwest to create a master drainage plan. The City is prone to
flooding following storm events, and wishes to fix this problem and to reduce the potential for
flooding and to improve the conditions of the environment.
(8) Industrial Impacts
City policy on industrial impacts on the natural environment indicate these impacts should be
minimal. Industrial development that complies with the standards of the City of Northwest
Zoning Ordinance is acceptable within the City limit. It is the policy of the City that industrial
development should first be clean and should provide jobs to local residents. Economic
development activity in Brunswick County is, generally, favored by the City. (The City has
some reservations about the long-term benefit to residents of industry which is noxious,
unpleasant, etc.) The City will work with and promote success for the Leland Industrial Park,
International Paper, Dupont, Wright Chemical Corporation, CP&L, and other area job
creating entities. Northwest officials believe that the positive effect achieved through
successfully locating one industry in the area may be a success which can be capitalized upon
and they are eager for this success. The City will work with the Brunswick County Economic
Development Office, the Cape Fear Council of Governments, the NC Department of
Commerce, area Chambers of Commerce, Committees of 100, and the Southeastern North
Carolina Economic Development Commission on the recruitment and the location of clean
industry in the vicinity of Northwest.
Any industry that may be harmful to the human population through the possible pollution of
air, land or water will be reviewed carefully before being allowed to locate within the City.
The City plans to amend the Zoning Ordinance to allow certain types of industry only as a
special use. The special use conditions imposed will, in each case, be the means of protection
the City will provide for its residents.
Policy Statements:
— It is the policy of Northwest that the environmental impacts of any industry locating within
its city limits be minimal. Industry which complies with the policies of Northwest's Land Use
Plan and the City's Zoning Ordinance are acceptable within the City's planning jurisdiction.
— Northwest policy favors industry that will be environmentally sound and provide local jobs
to its residents.
— Any clean industry in the area that would spur economic development in the City is looked
upon as highly favorably by Northwest. The City is eager for such an opportunity. Northwest
will continue to promote and work in conjunction with the Leland Industrial Park,
International Paper, Dupont, Wright Chemical Corporation, CP&L, and various other job
creating entities.
— The City will work with Brunswick County and other area agencies (Cape Fear Council of
Governments, the NC Department of Commerce, area Chambers of Commerce, Committees
of 100, and the Southeastern North Carolina Economic Development Commission) on the
recruitment and location of clean industry and business opportunities in Northwest's vicinity.
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Northwest will carefully analyze any proposals for industrial locations that could prove
harmful to its residents or the surrounding environment. Pollutants are not desired, and their
impacts on water, land and air would be thoroughly assessed before allowing any such industry
to locate within the City. By amending the Zoning Ordinance, the City of Northwest will
allow certain types of industry, only as a special use, to locate within Northwest. All
industrial uses in Northwest are permitted by the Zoning Ordinance's special use requirements.
Conditions may be applied to industrial uses, according to the standards set in the Zoning
Ordinance which will serve in each case to protect the. City property owners and residents.
B. RESOURCE PRODUCTION AND MANAGEMENT
The City of Northwest recognizes the importance of agriculture, forestry, mining, fisheries
and recreational resources to the community. Northwest's policies on resource production and
management are shown in the following section.
(1) Productive Agricultural Lands
A review of the Brunswick County Soils Survey shows that the City of Northwest contains a
substantial amount of those soils which can be characterized as prime farmland. These soils
are also suitable for residential,, commercial, or possible clean industrial type development
activity.
There are few farms actually in operation within the City limits. The City wishes to preserve
the quiet, bucolic, and pastoral, scenic rural character that the existence of the few farms in
operation give to the area. The City welcomes the visual relief and open spaces, this type of
operation provides residents of the municipality. It is therefore the policy of the City of
Northwest that agricultural uses of land within the City will not be discouraged. The
uninhibited widespread use of substances (i.e., pesticides, herbicides, and fertilizers) which
pose a threat (or which may, pose a threat) to human health are discouraged. The storage of
these substances within areas where no danger to the human population is created is suggested
and will be required, as possible, through existing State and federal regulation, and the City's
Zoning Ordinance.
Continued agricultural use of the City's remaining farmland is anticipated and encouraged
within the planning period. Certain agricultural type operations are discouraged by policy of
the City of Northwest. These operations include agriculture -livestock type operations where
many animals are confined together and raised for sale to meat processing and manufacturing
concerns. The agriculture -livestock limitations do not apply to any animals ordinarily
considered pets (dogs, cats, birds, pot-bellied pigs, etc.) Any requests for new agricultural
type operations will be considered in light of this policy. The means of enforcement for this
policy will be the Zoning Ordinance.
Policy Statements:
— According to the USDA Soil Conservation Service, Northwest contains a large quantity of
soils that may be characterized as `prime farmland". While the soils are excellent for
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agriculture, they can also be utilized as residential, commercial, light manufacturing and,
possibly, for clean industry type areas.
— It is the policy of Northwest to encourage more small scale agricultural uses of prime
farmland areas. The City is proud of its quiet, rural history, and believes that enhanced
agricultural uses will continue to add to Northwest's scenic aesthetic values, while not
detracting from human health or the quality of the environment.
— Northwest's policy is to limit the use and location of any potentially harmful substances
(such as herbicides, pesticides, fertilizers, etc.) to be stored or used within areas of the City. ,
All uses will be consistent with local, State, and federal regulations.
— The widespread use of dangerous pesticides, herbicides, fertilizers or any other potentially ;
hazardous substances are discouraged by the City. Large-scale agricultural operations
involving high numbers of livestock (for slaughtering or processing purposes, etc.) are also
strongly discouraged by Northwest policy. The agriculture -livestock limitations do not apply
to animals considered to be domestic pets (dogs, cats, birds, pot-bellied pigs, etc.). Any
requests for new agricultural land uses will be subject to this policy, and it will be enforced
through the City's Zoning Ordinance.
(2) Commercial Forest Lands
The City has much open and forested land available. It is the policy of the City to support the
efficient planting and harvesting of commercial forest lands. These forest lands should be
located in upland areas or in areas away from rivers, creeks, branches, or tributaries. The
City feels that harvesting of timber near waters should be discouraged to protect water quality.
Prior to harvesting, planting, or clearing in wetlands, commercial forestry operations must
have a wetlands survey. This activity is regulated by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. An
on -site evaluation of the wetlands resource is required, as a means of assessment and possible
damage mitigation, and must be done by a qualified consultant or a representative of the Corps
of Engineers.
Commercial forestry operations are permitted in the City of Northwest only within the areas
defined as Agriculture/Forestry within the Zoning Ordinance.
Policy Statements:
— It is the policy of the City of Northwest to promote the efficient planting and harvesting of
North Carolinas commercial forest lands.
— Northwest strongly supports the policy position that the harvesting of timber near waters
should not be permitted due to the possible detriments to water quality.
— A wetlands survey, as required by the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers, is necessary prior to
any harvesting, clearing or planting of commercial forest lands.
— It is Northwest policy that commercial forestry operations will only be permitted in the City
within the areas defined as Agriculture/Forestry (A/F) within the Zoning Ordinance.
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' (3) Existing & Potential Mineral Production Areas
There are no existing mineral production areas within the City of Northwest. There are also
no areas known to have potential for mineral production. It is not expected that mineral
production areas will be discovered. It is the policy of the City to. prohibit mineral production
' areas or mining'operations within the City's planning jurisdiction.
Policy Statement:
— It is the policy of the City of Northwest to prohibit mining within the City's jurisdiction.
Should any mineral production areas be discovered within Northwest, this policy would be
regulated by the City's Zoning Ordinance.
(4) Commercial & Recreational Fisheries
The City of Northwest has no commercial fishing or fish processing operations located within
the City's planning jurisdiction. The City also has no recreational fishing resources available.
City residents, of course, recognize the importance of the fisheries resource to the County. It
is the policy of the City of Northwest to work with other regional interests to maintain or
improve the quality of water and the abundance of the fisheries resource available to area
residents and visitors.
Policy Statements:
— It is the policy of the City of Northwest to support regional interests to maintain and
enhance the quality of water and the abundance of fishery resources available in the area to
both residents and visitors.
(5) Off -Road Vehicles
' Off -road vehicles are owned by many residents of Northwest as a means of assistance to
perform work tasks associated with employment. These and other residents also own and
enjoy these vehicles for personal tasks associated with the pleasant rural lifestyle enjoyed by
residents. The vehicles are also enjoyed for recreational pursuits. It is the policy of the City
of Northwest to allow private property owners and their friends, visitors, acquaintances, and
other persons to whom they may have given permission, to enjoy freely the ability to use any
portion of that private property available and to enjoy that same property by whatever means
and to the maximum extent possible. The ability of one person to enjoy full use of his or her
' property does not extend to the point where another person's right to enjoy their property is
infringed upon. Consequently, the City has the authority, and will exercise the authority,
through its police powers, to abate nuisance noises and health hazards. The City also does not
encourage and will not condone the wanton destruction of any vegetation which may be or
which may contain threatened or endangered species. It is the policy of the City to not allow
off -road vehicle use that would cause erosion or substantial damage to land forms. This policy
on off -road vehicles is not pertinent to public works projects or emergency vehicles.
33

Policy Statements:
— It is the policy of the City of Northwest to allow private property owners, their friends,
visitors, acquaintances, and any other persons whom they may have granted permission, to
freely enjoy the ability to use any portion of that private property available and to enjoy that
same property by whatever means and to the maximum extent possible.
— It is the policy of Northwest to exercise its authority over private property owners through
its police powers, to abate nuisance noises and the destruction of any vegetation which may
protect or help protect the privacy of residential or commercial properties, and which may
contain threatened or endangered species.
— It is the policy of Northwest not to permit off -road vehicle use that would cause erosion or
create substantial damage to land forms. (This policy for off -road vehicles is. not applicable to
public works projects or emergency vehicles.)
(6) Residential, Commercial, & Industrial Land Development Impacts
City policy is to encourage future growth to occur in an orderly manner. It is the intention of
City officials that development impacts on the environment be negligible and that the impacts
of all development take into consideration those factors which will enhance the quiet, rural
character and quality of life enjoyed by residents. Residential development will be encouraged
to occur in a manner which will not overload traffic conditions. Subdivision regulations will
be revised as a means of implementing this policy. The development of new streets and roads
as a part of the residential growth process will be carefully studied before a new subdivision is
approved. Utilities provisions required as a part of the Ordinance will be revised, as
necessary, to allow future residents the opportunity to enjoy those same qualities which have
made Northwest such an attractive place and which have served to draw new residential
development to the City.
Commercial development is currently desired by City officials. The City wishes to work with
business owners, business recruiters, and interested parties who may be engaged in the process
of finding a place to locate business in the City. Commercial activity which would add to the
economic base of the City would be welcomed by City officials provided that the activity, is
environmentally safe, clean, and consistent with current State, federal, and local regulatory
requirements. Development activity which would be harmful to the property values or quality
of life of those residents already established is discouraged. Compatibility of proposed
development with the current pattern of development (already established) is desired.
Industrial development policy in the City of Northwest encourages industry to locate away
from those areas where residential development has occurred in the past. There is much open
and available land which would be suitable for industry. City policy is to encourage industrial
development activity within those areas currently undeveloped and away from developed
neighborhoods and centers of population. Industrial development should be of a type which is
compatible with residential development which may occur in relatively close proximity to the
industry. Industrial development which has water intensive requirements will be discouraged
as inappropriate within the City. Industrial development should be located, in all cases, in
such a way as to avoid the use of residential or commercial streets by industrial type traffic.
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Commercial or industrial developers shopping for a location should contact City officials at
their earliest convenience to discuss possible incentives for locating in the City.
' Policy Statements:
— Northwest policy is to encourage future growth according to the land use policy contained in
' this document and to revise, as necessary, regulations which are currently in place in order to
provide consistency with the City of Northwest's long-term goals. It is the policy of
Northwest that development impacts on the environment be negligible and that the impacts of
' all future development take into consideration those factors which will serve to enhance the
quiet, small-town character enjoyed by the residents of Northwest.
— It is the policy of Northwest to encourage residential development activities in an orderly
fashion which will not overload traffic conditions in any areas. It is City policy that
Subdivision Regulations be amended as necessary as a means of implementing this policy.
— The development of new streets and roads as part of a residential growth process will be
carefully studied before a new subdivision is approved. Utilities provisions required as part of
the Subdivision Regulations will be revised, as needed, to ensure that future (or potential) City
residents have the opportunity to enjoy the full range of services available to the older
residential areas.
— Commercial development is currently desired by City officials in order to enhance
Northwest's economic base. Commercial development that is environmentally safe, clean and
consistent with current local, State, and federal regulations is desired. The City will continue
to work with business owners, business recruiters and any interested parties that express
interest in locating within Northwest. The City discourages any development activity that
would be harmful to the quality of life of its residents or to their property. Northwest
promotes the compatibility of proposed development with the Land Classification Map, located
in the back of this document:
— It is the policy of Northwest to encourage any industrial facilities to locate away from
currently developed areas, residential areas or centers of population. Traditional heavy
industries should seek another location, perhaps within the Leland Industrial Park, where there
is a large amount of suitable open space available. It is Northwest's policy to encourage heavy
industry to locate within the region, but not within the City of Northwest. Development of
any industry in Northwest must be consistent with the City's Zoning Ordinance.
— Any commercial or industrial facilities in Northwest should be located away from residential
neighborhoods and roads. All industrial or commercial development in Northwest should be
of a type that is compatible with residential development located within close proximity to the
industry. Industrial development should always be located in a manner that allows the industry
' to avoid the use of residential or commercial streets by large trucks, or by heavy truck traffic.
(7) Peat or Phosphate Mining's Impacts
The mining of peat or phosphate within the planning jurisdiction of the City of Northwest is
prohibited. It is extremely unlikely that any commercial quality deposits of these products
exist in the area. Other types of "mining" are more likely. As mining operations are
generally unpleasant to the persons living in an area and as there are currently no mines in the
' Northwest area, it will be the policy of the City to oppose any large scale mining operations
1 35

requesting to locate within the municipal boundary. The City also wishes to go on record
opposing any mining operations which may wish to locate in Brunswick County near the City
of Northwest. The City will work with the County to oppose such operations.
Policy Statements:
— The policy of Northwest is to prohibit any mining of peat or phosphate within the City's
planning jurisdiction.
— Because mining activities are often highly degrading to the surrounding environment and
offensive to any persons residing near such operations, it is the policy of Northwest to oppose
any mining operations that wish to locate in Brunswick County near the City of Northwest.
Northwest will work with Brunswick County in opposition of any such operations.
C. ECONOMIC AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
(1) Type of Development to be Encouraged
The City of Northwest encourages continued residential growth. The City encourages this
continuing residential growth to continue at an accelerated pace. The regulations which will
govern this growth will be the Zoning Ordinance and the Subdivision Regulations.
The City of Northwest encourages commercial growth. It will be the policy of the City to
work with and to encourage commercial activity which is consistent with current development
patterns and which will provide jobs, make retail type amenities available to residents, and
provide for convenient shopping opportunities. It is the policy of the City to encourage clean
and quiet commercial type development. Any other development activity will be carefully
considered.
Industrial development is encouraged within the City in appropriate locations. The most
appropriate areas for the conventional type "industry" are within the large uninhabited wooded
areas around (in the vicinity of) the City. Residential areas are not to be disturbed by industry.
Less intrusive/intensive users may be located closer to the center of the community. Large
stacks spewing voluminous amounts of smoke, large amounts of traffic bothering residents at
all hours and traffic using up the road (through the rough treatment given by large, heavy
trucks) in this quiet community is not envisioned and will not be approved. Manufacturing
concerns are generally felt to be desirable. Large agricultural -livestock type operations (as
defined in the Zoning Ordinance) are not permitted. Large agricultural -vegetative type users
(as defined in the Zoning Ordinance) are only allowed within the outlying areas which are
zoned Agriculture/Forestry.
The City policy on farming is to promote such activity. City officials discourage the use of
pesticides, herbicides, and fertilizers in areas close to any well systems. City officials also
wish to note that runoff into streams from farming activity has been recognized as a problem
within the State and the City strongly encourages the use of best management practices, as
recognized and promoted by the NC Division of Water Quality, as the most desirable means of
protection. The City also supports the erosion control policies of the NC Division of Land
36

rules and regulations administered and enforced b the
Quality and the wetland developmentgu Y
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. The City supports Zoning regulations as the means by which
to control the location of farming activity within any municipal or County planning
jurisdiction.
Policy Statements:
— Northwest will encourage an accelerated continuing residential growth rate, which will be
subject to the City's Zoning Ordinances and Subdivision Regulations.
— It is the policy of Northwest to encourage commercial industry that is quiet, clean, and that
will serve to improve the City's economic base by providing employment opportunities and
retail amenities to its residents.
— The City of Northwest will only encourage industrial development in the proper locations,
in and around the City. Industrial facilities should be located in vacant wooded areas away
from the areas of residential neighborhoods. Industrial pollutants and nuisances (i.e., smoke,
odor, noise or heavy truck traffic) will not be tolerated by the City or its residents. Large
agricultural -livestock operations are prohibited by Northwest's Zoning Ordinance. Northwest's
Zoning Ordinance will only allow large agricultural -vegetative operations to locate in outlying
areas zoned Agriculture/Forestry.
— Quiet manufacturing operations that will not degrade residential areas, roads, or the
surrounding environment are desired by Northwest in an effort to stimulate the City's
economic development.
— The policy of Northwest is to encourage more farms within the City. There is a large
' availability of prime farmland in Northwest, and such uses would help to preserve the scenic
qualities and rural character that the City's residents are so fond of. The heavy use and/or
unsafe storage of pesticides, herbicides, fertilizers or other agricultural pollutants will not be
tolerated.
— Northwest supports the NC Division of Water Quality and encourages the use of best
management practices in order to prevent agricultural runoff from entering nearby streams.
— Northwest supports the NC Division of Land Quality and its protection policies to control
erosion. It is also the policy of the City to support the wetland development rules and
' regulations administered and enforced by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.
— The City will limit and control the location and practices of farming activities within its
limits or vicinity through Zoning regulations.
n Location of Indust Desired
(2) TYPe and Industry
rThe City, by policy, encourages industry which will allow the City to keep the character that
long-term residents of the Northwest area have come to enjoy. Industries which create a
significant amount of pollution (smoke, dust, glare, noise, vibrations, etc.) are discouraged
and should not locate in Northwest. This includes (but is not limited to) swine, turkey,
chicken and cattle, steel mills, electric power plants, paper manufacturing plants, chemical
companies, mining operations, explosives companies and others.
Desirable industry would be a big boost to the City and the City wishes to explore the
possibilities for this type of development with any parties who have an interest in the location.
37

The City will work both on its own and with all of the various area recruiters on the possibility
of locating desirable industry along a major four lane transportation corridor within the center
of the fastest growing county in North Carolina.
Industrial development would be a very desirable source of economic growth in Northwest.
The City desires responsible industrial development which will not adversely affect the natural
environment or the quality of life enjoyed by residents. Industrial sites should be adjacent
proposed water lines and must have an approved system of handling any possible by-products
or waste products, especially those which may be dangerous to human beings. Industrial
development should not infringe on established residential development patterns.
Policy Statements:
— The City strongly encourages clean, quiet and environmentally sound industries to locate
within Northwest in order to spur employment opportunities and economic activity.
— Industrial operations that would emit offensive amounts of pollution (smoke, dust, noise,
vibrations, odor, etc.) that would inhibit the quality of life for residents or be degrading to the
environment will not be permitted in Northwest. This includes, but is not limited to, swine,
turkey, chicken and cattle, steel mills, electrical power plants, paper manufacturers, chemical
companies, mining operations, explosives companies and others.
— The City of Northwest will work with recruiters of the City, Brunswick County„ and
recruiters in all other areas on the goal of promoting major industry along the major four lane
transportation corridor which exists in close proximity to Northwest.
— Industrial locations should be situated by proposed water lines, and an approved plan of
handling any by-products or waste which may be detrimental to area residents is required.
— Industrial facilities should be located away from centers of population in such a manner as
not to infringe on the quality of life of area residents, roads or neighborhoods.
(3) Local Commitment to Services Provision
It is the policy of the City of Northwest to continue to provide those services now available to
all areas of the City. The City is currently in the process of beginning to provide municipal
services to residents. Expected services within the planning period include: municipal water,
solid waste service, street lighting, roads paving and maintenance, planning, City
administration, police, housing rehabilitation, and parks/recreation. Other services are
possible. This is an exciting time for the young and growing City of Northwest. Services will
be provided as possible (with financial constraints considered) to all areas of the City. City
officials encourage interested citizens to become involved in municipal appointed Boards and
Committees so that all views may be shared.with City decision makers on the important topic
of services provision.
Services will be extended to residents within one year, as required in the NC General Statutes,
to any areas which may in the future be annexed into the City. No annexations are currently
planned.
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' Policy Statements:
— The City of Northwest will seek to provide appropriate municipal services in order to
promote development. The provision of services will be based on the City's financial capacity
and the economic feasibility of those services, as well as the consistency of proposals with
other existing policies and land use regulations.
— As required by the NC General Statutes, Northwest will extend services to residents aand
business which may be annexed into the City.
(4) Urban Growth Patterns Desired
' It is the policy of the City to encourage growth to occur on soils suitable for the development
activity proposed. Once the water lines are constructed, if the City chooses to undertake such
an operation, it will be City policy to promote growth and development in areas adjacent to
existing water service lines. The City will use the Land Use Plan, the Subdivision
Regulations, and the Zoning Ordinance as the means to implement this policy and to direct all
future residential, commercial, and industrial type growth.
Policy Statements:
— The City of Northwest will only encourage growth to occur on soils which are suitable for
the development activity proposed. If and when the City is able to install water lines in
Northwest, it will be policy for growth and development to take place adjacent to existing
water service lines.
— In order to manage all future residential, commercial and/or industrial growth patterns,
Northwest will implement the policies reflected within the City's Land Use Plan, its Zoning
Ordinance, and the Subdivision Regulations.
(5) Redevelopment of Developed Areas
1 The most significant redevelopment issue facing Northwest through the planning period is
substandard housing. During the planning period the City will attempt to correct its worst
substandard housing conditions by taking the following steps:
(1) Enforcing the City's Minimum Housing Code;
' (2) Applying for Community Development Block Grant funds;
(3) Applying for North Carolina Housing Finance Agency funds;
(4) Coordinating any redevelopment efforts with the Brunswick County Building
Inspections Department;
(5) Enforcing the Zoning Ordinance requirements on non -conforming uses.
' The City of Northwest also recognizes a redevelopment concern connected with the threat of
hurricane, flood, tornado, or other natural disaster. The section of this document which
' covers this area is entitled Storm Hazard Mitigation Post -Disaster Recovery. and Evacuation
Plans. Policies on redevelopment construction activity, following a catastrophic storm event,
are located in this section. It is the policy of the City to allow reconstruction of structures
demolished by natural disaster when the reconstruction complies with all existing regulations.
39

This is governed by the City's Zoning Ordinance.
It is the intention of the City, within the next year, to work with the Federal Emergency
Management Agency to allow residents who live within the 100-year floodplain the
opportunity to purchase Federal Flood Insurance.
Policy Statements:
— It is the policy of Northwest to address its most critical redevelopment issue, substandard
housing, within the planning period. The City will rectify its most severe substandard housing
conditions through: enforcing the City's Minimum Housing Code; applying for Community
Development Block Grant funds; applying for North Carolina Housing Finance Agency Funds;
coordinating any redevelopment efforts with the Brunswick County Building Inspections
Department; enforcing the Zoning Ordinance requirements on non -conforming uses.
— It is the policy of Northwest to allow the reconstruction of structures demolished in a
catastrophic event (i.e., flood, storm, hurricane, tornado), when the reconstruction complies
with all existing regulations.
— It is the policy intent of Northwest, within the next year, to work with the Federal
Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) in order to provide the opportunity for residents
located within the 100 year floodplain to purchase flood insurance.
(6) Commitment to State & Federal Programs
Northwest is receptive to State and federal programs that will provide some benefit to the City,
County, and region. It is the policy of the City to continue to fully support such programs.
Examples of such programs include: NC Division of Coastal Management Planning Program,
NC Division of Parks & Recreation Programs to fund recreation areas, NC Division of -
Community Assistance & U. S. Department of Housing & Urban Development Community
Development Block Grant Program, NC Division of Travel and Tourism promotion efforts, U.
S. Army Corps of Engineers regulatory and permitting programs, NC Department of
Transportation road and bridge improvement programs, NC Division of Water Quality/Water
Quality Planning Program, Farmers Home Administration loans for local water and sewer
service projects, Federal Emergency Management Agency Flood Insurance Program, NC
Department of Commerce Industrial Recruiting Programs, Southeastern Regional Economic
Development Commission Economic Development Programs, and others.
Policy Statements:
— It is the policy of Northwest to be receptive to, and fully support, any State and federal
programs which may benefit the City, County and region. (An incomplete list of such
programs include: NC Division of Coastal Management Planning Program; NC Division of
Parks & Recreation Programs, to fund recreation sites; NC Division of Community Assistance
& U.S. Department of Housing & Urban Development, Community Development Block Grant
Program; NC Division of Travel and Tourism, for promotional efforts; U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers, regulatory and permitting programs; NC Department of Transportation, road and
bridge improvements programs; NC Division of Water Quality /Water Quality Planning
Program; Farmers Home Administration, to provide loans for local water and sewer service
40

projects, Federal Emergency Management Agency,, Flood Insurance Program; NC Department
of Commerce, Industrial Recruiting Programs; Southeastern Regional Economic Development
Commission, Economic Development Programs; and others.)
(7) Assistance to Channel Maintenance and Beach Nourishment Projects
The City of Northwest has no federally maintained channels within its jurisdiction. City
residents currently pay County, State, and federal taxes, all of which are used to some extent
to pay for the maintenance of these waterways. It is the policy of the City of Northwest to not
participate directly in the payment of any fees for channel maintenance. It is, however,
recognized that these dollars are being used correctly to promote national, international, and
interstate commerce as well as local commercial fishing opportunity and opportunity for
recreational boaters. Beach nourishment projects are also supported by the. City of Northwest.
The City believes this is the best possible method of dealing with the erosion problem. The
City of Northwest, at this time, declines any opportunity for financial assistance to beach
nourishment projects.
Policy Statements:
— Though there are no federally maintained channels within Northwest's jurisdiction, it is the
' responsibility of the residents to pay County, State and federal taxes, which indirectly help to
pay for the maintenance of these waterways.
— It is the policy of Northwest not to directly participate in the payment of fees for channel
' maintenance, but the City recognizes that these monies are appropriately used to promote
national; international and interstate commerce as well as local commercial fishing and
recreational fishing opportunities.
— Northwest policy currently declines any opportunity for financial assistance to beach
nourishment programs, but the City supports such projects and believes they are the most
appropriate method of handling erosion problems which face other communities in the vicinity.
(8) Energy Facility Siting & Development
The City of Y f Northwest supports a clean and health , rural lifestyle for its residents. The City
is concerned about the issue of energy facility siting to the extent that citizen's health, safety,
and welfare, may be effected. It is the policy of the City that energy facility.siting which will.
create jobs for local citizens is desirable. There are circumstances where this policy will not
be in effect. Those circumstances are as follows: (1) No transportation through the City of
! dangerous materials is approved. No energy facility that violates this standard will be
approved. (2) No clear cutting of greater than 3 acres of wooded property is allowed without
buffers which will be constructed to shield all noise and visual blight created by the
' development from area residents.
Any water. resource intensive type development activity will be required to use municipal water
! service once it becomes available. The availability of supply may render the City as
unavailable for large water users. Intensive industrial or commercial water users are generally
discouraged.
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Policy Statements:
— It is the policy of Northwest that clean and environmentally safe and sound energy facilities,
which would provide jobs for local residents, would be desired.
— Due to concerns about the health, safety and welfare of its citizens, Northwest policy is that
no transportation through the City of hazardous materials is approved. Any facility which
must violate this standard in its operations will not be approved. Northwest policy will not
allow the clear cutting of wooded property in any area exceeding 3 acres in size without the
construction of buffers that would shield all.noise and visual blight associated with the facility
from area residents.
'
— It is Northwest policy that water resource intensive type development activity will be
required to use municipal water service when it becomes available in the City. It is the policy
of Northwest to discourage the location of any water intensive commercial or industrial
development activity within the City without first examining, in detail, all aspects of the
proposal.
(9) Coastal & Estuarine Water Beach Access
It is the policy of City officials to support beach and estuarine water access projects within
Po Y tY PPo P J
Brunswick County and throughout coastal North Carolina. It is not, however, currently within
the scope of things possible for the City of Northwest to participate directly in providing funds
for these access areas.
Policy Statement: '
— While it is currently not economically feasible for Northwest to directly participate in the .
funding of county or municipal beach and estuarine water access projects, it is the policy of the
City to support these projects throughout Brunswick County and the coastal regions of North
Carolina.
(10) Tourism
The City recognizes tourists as a vital and important part of the economy of the region and the
state. The City of Northwest does not currently benefit from the booming tourism related
economy enjoyed by other Brunswick County municipalities. It is the desire of the City to
plan and to grow toward a position where the tourist influx may be enjoyed to its maximum
potential. It is believed that this is possible in Northwest due to 2 basic factors: (1) The
proximity of U.S. Highway 74-76. (This is the primary east -west route for travelers and
tourists in southeastern North Carolina.) (2) The proximity to the major metropolitan area of
Wilmington and the small town, quaint, rural atmosphere enjoyed by local residents will be a
draw to newcomers.
As a means of achieving the goal of enhancing tourism as a part of the Northwest y, it
is the policy of the City of Northwest to support NC Department of Transportation projects I
which will improve access to the region and the City. .
It is the policy of the City of Northwest to work to maintain those quality of life factors (quiet, ,
42

low traffic, rural, etc.) which current residents of the City enjoy. It is felt by City officials
that these very qualities serve the City as a means by which to recruit residential and
commercial development. The City supports low density development and clean commercial
(or industrial/manufacturing) type development activity.
' Northwest will support the activities of the NC Division of Travel and Tourism. The City
specially wishes to support the monitoring of tourism related industry and all efforts to
promote tourism related industry and commercial activity. The City wishes to cooperate, as
possible, with the Cape Fear Coast Convention & Visitors Bureau and the Brunswick County
Chambers of Commerce.
' Policy Statements:
— While not currently a part of the rapidly growing tourism enhanced economies that are
found nearby in other municipalities in Brunswick County, City policy recognizes the
economic importance of tourism to Northwest (as a result of economic spin-offs region -wide)
and to the State.
— It is the policy of Northwest to achieve growth towards a position where the City may enjoy
the influx of tourism to its maximum potential. Northwest believes this to be a realistic and
obtainable goal in the future for several reasons: The City's close proximity to the major
transportation corridor of U.S. Highway 74-76; The City's close proximity to the metropolitan
area of Wilmington; The City of Northwest's rural, quaint, small-town character which will
serve to draw newcomers.
— It is the policy of Northwest to support NC Department of Transportation projects, which
will serve to improve access to the City and provide a greater means of tourism -related
economic activity.
— It is the policy of Northwest to preserve those quality of life factors (quiet, low density
development, low traffic, etc.) which City Officials believe will serve as a means of recruiting
more residential and commercial development to their area.
— Northwest policy promotes clean commercial, industrial or light manufacturing development
activity and low density development.
— The City of Northwest supports the NC Division of Travel and Tourism, with a special
interest in activities such as the monitoring of tourism related industry and all efforts to
promote tourism related industry and commercial activity.
— Northwest policy is to cooperate with the Cape Fear Coast Convention & Visitors Bureau
and area Chambers of Commerce in order to develop greater tourism opportunities in the
future for the City and the surrounding region.
(11) Type of Density Desired
The City favors low density type development activity. Low density type development occurs
in the Agriculture Forestry Zoning District on lots which must be at least 20,000 square feet or
larger. This type of development is consistent with the historical growth patterns of the City
and is in keeping with the long-term planning of the community. Much of the City is zoned
R-15, which is also considered low density and which requires 15,000 square feet per lot. The
' center of the City is not an area easily identified by a particularly intense grouping of
1
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commercial or business development concerns. The City is a more densely populated area of
Brunswick County than the surrounding outlying areas which is bound together by long-term
common interests and the legally binding act of incorporation (1993) by the North Carolina
General Assembly.
Development is expected to continue through the planning period. City officials believe the
pace of development will actually accelerate during this time especially in residential type
development. Those areas within the City which are now vacant land will see increasing
pressure to become residential lots. It is expected that those areas of the City which are
marginally suited, or unsuited, for development will be developed last, if at all. It is City
policy to allow limited development on those lots which are only marginally suitable for
development. All development is discouraged on those lots which will not accommodate a
particular development proposal with the current level of services available.
Continuing growth activity during the planning period in the City in the residential
neighborhoods is expected and desired. The City recognizes the strength of its location in
proximity to other population centers and anticipates that continuing residential growth will be
enhanced by the continuing growth of the County and other area regional centers of
population.
The City wishes to keep the "small Town" atmosphere which long-term residents have come to
love. The City would also like to see commercial shopping areas more conveniently located,
especially a grocery store and a pharmacy, in the City. Residents recognize that these shops
will require the City to grow before such commercial activity can be supported. In the future,
additional density of development is anticipated which will support such activity.
The City's Land Classification Map, prepared as a part of this Land Use Plan Amendment,
gives a graphic depiction of the types of growth patterns planned, desired and anticipated.
Policy Statements:
— Northwest desires low density development activity that will be consistent with the historical
growth patterns of the City and in keeping with the long-term goals of in the City as described
in this land Use Plan.
— It is the policy of the City to limit residential lots in areas that are ill -suited or only
marginally suited for development. These areas will be developed last, if development activity
is permitted at all.
— Northwest will discourage development on those lots which can not accommodate a
particular development proposal with the existing level of services available.
— Northwest expects and encourages continuing growth activity in the City's residential
neighborhoods due its close proximity to other population centers and the rising population of
Brunswick County.
— The City wishes to maintain its historically "small-town" charm that residents have come to
treasure and do not wish to lose.
— It is the goal of Northwest to eventually bring more retail and commercial opportunities to
the City for the convenience of its citizens. The City anticipates the additional density of
44

ill support such activities and regulate them through the City's development which w ppo gu g t5's Zoning'
Ordinance.`
' — The City of Northwest's Land Classification Map (prepared as part of this Land Use Plan
Amendment) depicts the types of growth patterns and density planned, desired and expected.
' (12) Manufactured Homes
It is understood that a large portion of the City's housing stock (approximately 61 %) consists
of manufactured homes. The City finds the continued use of these structures to be acceptable.
These affordable structures are permitted according to the provisions described within the
Zoning Ordinance. (Only Class A & B manufactured homes are allowed. These homes must
be built after July 1, 1976, and must be installed according to local and State regulations.)
Careful thought was given to the preparation of the Zoning Ordinance (adopted in December
' 1994) and the City will only allow development consistent with and according to this and other
applicable rules, regulations, and Ordinances.
' Policy Statement:
— It is the policy of Northwest to continue to allow manufactured homes within the planning
jurisdiction if such structures are consistent with the City's rules, regulations and Zoning
' Ordinance.
(13) Provision of Services to Development
It is the policy of the City of Northwest to extend municipal services to those areas which are
within the City limits. It is not expected that sewer service will be available in the near future,
for cost consideration reasons. The availability of City water is currently being studied and is
expected to become available within the planning period.
It is City policy that commercial and industrial development will be required to connect to the
municipal water system when it becomes available. The amount of water available may limit
' the City for consideration by industrial and some commercial users. Large water users are
discouraged from locating in the City of Northwest.
t Policy Statements:
— It is the policy of Northwest to extend municipal services to areas within the City as those
services become available.
' — It is the policy of Northwest that any commercial or industrial facilities that locate within
the City's planning jurisdiction be required to connect to the municipal water system once it
becomes available.
— City of Northwest policy is to discourage the in Town location of high water intensity
(commercial or industrial) facilities.
(14) Recreational Facilities
' It is the desire of City officials to boost recreational opportunities. The City has formed a
45

Recreation Committee, acquired a public park (by lease) and will work to prepare a recreation
plan within the next five years. The City still has a need for active and passive recreational
sites. The City wishes to work with the Brunswick County Parks and Recreation Department
and the North Carolina Division of Parks and Recreation to pursue this goal.
It is the policy of the City to consider acceptance of a donation of property for recreational
purposes. The City of Northwest Recreation Committee has been an active part of recreation
planning for the City and it is anticipated that the level of involvement by City residents in this
area will continue. All matters related to recreation will first be brought to the City
administrative staff. Recreation issues will then be brought to the attention of the Council
person responsible for recreation. This person will then discuss the matter with the Recreation
Committee and will have the Committee make a recommendation to the Council.
The City of Northwest wishes to install a trail (for jogging and walking) within the community
through whatever grant funds may be available for such a facility.
Policy Statements:
— With the recent formation of the Northwest Recreation Committee and the acquisition of a
public park, it is the policy of the City to prepare a recreation plan as soon as is possible
(within the next five years).
- It is Northwest policy to work with the Brunswick County Parks and Recreational
Department, the NC Division of Parks and Recreation, and the NC Division of Coastal
Management in the creation of a recreation plan.
— The City of Northwest will consider the acceptance of a donation of property for
recreational purposes.
— All matters concerning recreation will first be brought to the attention of the City
administrative staff, who will bring these matters to the Council person responsible for
recreation. This person will discuss the issue with the Recreation Committee and the
Committee will then make a recommendation to the Council.
— It is the policy intent of Northwest to install a walking/jogging trail through any grant funds
that may be available to the City to fund such a project.
(15) Annexation
The City of Northwest's policy on annexation is to pursue expansion primarily through the
provisions of the NC General Statutes relative to voluntary annexation. The City will pursue
involuntary or satellite annexations as necessary. In each instance Northwest will carry out the
study and consideration of the facts in the manner prescribed by law.
Policy Statement:
— It is the policy of Northwest to pursue expansion through the provisions of the: NC General
Statues as they relate to voluntary annexation. Northwest will pursue satellite or involuntary
annexation as necessary.
46

' •i
(16 Beautification
' The Citizen Survey, which was administered as a means of gathering public opinion during the
initial Land Use Plan preparation process, thrust the issue of community appearance to the
attention of community leaders. There was strong sentiment expressed which stressed the
importance of cleanliness and appearance. As a result, the City of Northwest Planning Board
and City Council will, in the near future, form a Committee to deal with this issue. This issue
has been felt to be important during the creation of this Land Use Plan Amendment. Public
opinion leaders feel the entrance to the City would be an ideal spot for a landscaped and
flowered gate or some other noticeable entranceway to the community. The Committee will
be asked to work on this and other issues. The City is seeldng volunteers who may have an
interest in horticulture, or gardening, who may wish to work on the beautification project.
Interested persons, civic organizations, hunting clubs, or businesses who have an interest in
fresh air, vigorous exercise, beautiful scenery, and roadside pick-up of unsightly trash are
encouraged to contact City Hall.
The City recognizes littering of streets and highways as a crime. City police will increase
enforcement on this in the future. The casual tossing of miscellaneous trash items from
vehicles and dumping garbage and trash within the City limits will be cause for arrest, citation,
and fine.
11
I
11
Policy Statements:
- It is the policy intent of the City of Northwest, with the direction of the City Council and
the Planning Board, to create a Committee whose purpose is to deal with the appearance and
cleanliness of the community.
The City of Northwest is actively seeking volunteer individuals or parties knowledgeable in
horticulture or gardening to assist in the community's beautification project.
Northwest policy and the law prohibit the littering of streets and highways. To enforce this
policy, City police will increase their pursuit and prosecution of offenders.
(17) Education
It is expected that the tremendous growth of Brunswick County will continue to pressure the
school system into expansion plans. This will be a costly undertaking. The City of Northwest
recognizes the importance of basic and advanced educational opportunities as an important
means of enhancing life for future generations., The City will work closely with the Brunswick
County Board of Education and the County school system to coordinate plans and to achieve
growth in educational services concurrent with population growth.
Policy Statement:
— It is the policy of the City of Northwest to work in close conjunction with the Brunswick
County Board of Education and the County school system to ensure the highest level of
educational services available. Brunswick County's population continues to grow at an
extremely rapid rate. This growth will necessitate careful plans for expansion of the area
schools in accordance with the needs of the population.
47

Section 5: CONTINUING PUBLIC PARTICIPATION
As the starting point in the preparation of the City's Land Use Plan Amendment the City of
Northwest adopted' a "Citizen Participation Plan" with a schedule of events which outlined the
process of Land Use Plan preparation. The "Citizen Participation Plan" was prepared
according to the requirements of Subchapter 7B of Chapter 15A of the North Carolina
Administrative Code at Section .0207. As a part of the public participation requirement for
the production of a Land Use Plan (LUP) under the Coastal Area Management Act, local
governments are required to describe a process by which the public will be encouraged to
participate in the planning process. It is the intent of the process described to give the public
ample opportunity to become a meaningful part of the planning process and all views gathered
as a part of this process are recognized to be informative and instructional for all citizens of
the City of Northwest, interested parties, and elected and appointed Boards.
The principle local Board responsible for supervision of the planning process has been the City
of Northwest Planning Board. Public involvement in the process was generated through public
information meetings, public hearings, Planning Board Meetings, and City Council meetings.
All meetings in preparation of this Land Use Plan Amendment were open to the public. All
meetings where matters concerning land use and public policy in the City of Northwest will be '
discussed will continue to be open to the public with advertised and adequately publicized
public meetings and hearings held to discuss special land use issues and to keep citizens
informed. It is the intent of the City that all economic, social, ethnic, and cultural viewpoints '
be considered on all matters of public policy. Coordination and discussion with regulatory
agencies and other area municipalities (and County) officials on policy matters will continue to
be a part of the City's land use policy development process. '
Section 6: STORM HAZARD MITIGATION, POST -DISASTER RECOVERY,
& EVACUATION PLANS
The purpose of this section of the 1999 City of Northwest LUP Amendment is to assist the
City in managing development and requests for redevelopment in potentially hazardous areas.
The process by which this activity properly happens is to establish in this document storm
hazard mitigation policies. The purpose of this activity is to reduce the risks associated with
severe storms (such as hurricanes and tornados) through planning well before a storm. event.
Post�ciisaster reconstruction and recovery policies will aid in the process of reconstruction
following a storm event and will help to insure that redevelopment activity takes place in a
more orderly manner.
The following pages will present the City's storm hazard mitigation and post disaster recovery
policies.
a This Plan was adopted February 24, 1998.
48

A. Storm Hazard Mitigation
Storm hazard mitigation actions are, by definition, those actions which will reduce the impact
of a storm event: Storm hazard mitigation policies are those local government policies which
will aid local government administrators and appointed or elected officials with the adoption of
implementation actions which will reduce the threat of storm hazard.
The types of storm events which may catastrophically effect the City of Northwest include
hurricanes and tornados. Both types of storms are extremely powerful and unpredictable
forces of nature. Hurricanes are large low pressure systems which form in the tropics and may
move ,into our region. These storms bring strong winds. (In fact, the defining factor of a
' hurricane is that it must be a tropical disturbance with winds in excess of 74 miles per hour
(mph).) Hurricanes may spawn tornados (which are severe whirlwinds) and which are
extremely dangerous. There are four causes of fatality and property damage during these two
storm events. (1) high wind; (2) flood; (3) wave action; and, (4) erosion. Two of these
causes of property damage and death are pertinent to Northwest.
' High Winds
Wind is the major determinant of a hurricane. Any tropical storm with sustained wind in
excess of 74 mph is classified as a hurricane. Hurricanes are judged by their power according
to a model known as the Saffir-Simpson scale. This measure of the power of a hurricane
classes hurricanes according to a sliding scale from 1 to 5 (with category 5 storms as the most
severe). Category 5 storms are rare. Northwest would be somewhat protected from the full
' brute force of a hurricane as a result of its location. The friction or impact of the storm hitting
land from the water causes dissipation of the full force of the storm though there is still
tremendous energy left to overturn mobile homes, down power lines and other public utilities,
' destroy crops, and fell trees. As Northwest is somewhat inland, the City is partially protected.
However, as we all know, hurricane damage in the City of Northwest is possible.
' Tornados are extremely forceful whirlwinds which effect a much narrower path than a
hurricane. These storms may have winds in excess of 300 mph and are the most powerful
wind storms. Rain may also be associated with these storm events. During a tornado strike,
' structures built by man do not fare well and are most often completely destroyed. Tornados
are more common visitors to Brunswick County than hurricanes. Man's successful efforts to
mitigate the effect of tornados has been negligible due to the raw power of these storms.
As a result of these occasional storm events, wind stress is an important consideration in storm
hazard mitigation planning.
Flooding
With the tremendous rainfall known to occur accompanying hurricanes, and with the storm
surge which may cause rivers, streams, tributaries, and branches draining an area to clog and
to back up, both riverine and coastal flooding is a hazard. Flooding during a storm event will
1 49

frequently cause extensive damage in inland areas such as Northwest. The reason for this
possibility is the City has low areas which may be identified as wetlands, which are always
subject to the threat of flood, as well as streams which are also subject to flood. The City is '
not a member of the Federal Emergency Management Agency's flood hazard protection
program. Hazards in the low lying areas are known to exist, therefore, the consideration of
possible flood damage is an important part of Northwest's storm hazard mitigation policy i
planning.
B. Northwest's Storm Hazard Mitigation Policy '
The North Carolina Uniform Building Code is used by. Brunswick County to manage
development and to minimize potential wind damage. (The County handles building
'
inspections activity for the City of Northwest.) It is the policy of the City to support the State
Building Code on wind resistant construction with design standards of 110 mph wind loads.
'
The City shall require the enforcement of the NC Building Code and especially those
provisions which require construction to meet wind resistive factors.
'
It is the intention of the Cityof Northwest to become a participant in the National Flood
p p ood
Insurance program. The City will discourage high intensity uses and large structures within
the 100-year floodplain. The City shall consider the purchase of parcels located in hazardous
'
areas or rendered unsuitable for building development by storms or other events for recreation
purposes. Subdividers, through negotiation and a mutual agreement, may be required to set
aside a portion of any proposed subdivision found to be in a hazardous area as a condition for
'
project approval due to public safety considerations.
The City of Northwest encourages the placement of utilities underground for all new
,
development and redevelopment projects.
'
C. Post -Disaster Recovery Plan
City officials recognize that in the event of a major storm making landfall in the vicinity of
Northwest there will very likely be damage to homes, businesses, public utilities, roads or
other features of the City which will require coordinated clean-up and prior thought given to
the process of returning to pre -storm status. As a means of assisting with this return to non -
storm status, the City of Northwest hereby appoints a Disaster Recovery Team (DRT). The
DRT consists of the following members:
1 Mayor
2. City Council
3. City Clerk i
4. Building Inspector (County)
The Mayor will serve as the DRT leader and the base of operations will be the Emergency t
50

' Operations Center designated b the City Council. The DRT will be responsible for the
� 8n Y tY
following:
1. Establishing a restoration schedule.
stab g
2. Setting priorities for restoration.
3. Determining requirements for outside assistance and requesting such
assistance when beyond local capabilities.
4.
Keeping appropriate County, State, and federal officials informed.
5.
Keeping the public informed.
'
6.
Assembling and maintaining records of actions taken and expenditures and
obligations incurred.
7..
Mayor to proclaim a state of emergency, if warranted.
Recommending to the ay p g Y,
r8.
Commencing and coordinating clean-up, debris removal, and utility
restoration which would include coordination of restoration activities
undertaken by private utility companies (if any).
9.
Coordinating repair and restoration of essential public facilities and services
in accordance with determined priorities.
10.
Assisting private businesses and individual property owners in obtaining
1
information on the various types of assistance that might be available to them
from local, State, and federal agencies.
11. Coordinating public safety.
As a further'aid in the return to normal operations following a storm event, and in
circumstances where damage may be quite bad (or catastrophic) the City will prepare a list of
local residents who should be allowed free access to the City in the aftermath of a storm event.
These people would be allowed to return in the event of a blockading of the City. The persons
on this list will be referred to as the Damage Control Team and will include all members of
the DRT, City employees, electricians, carpenters, plumbers, volunteer fire and rescue
personnel and others who may be of assistance in a return to pre -storm status.
Following the storm event, the DRT will have City personnel, volunteers, the Damage Control
Team, and others as necessary, to begin clean-up operations and debris removal. State and/or
federal assistance will be requested, and if available will be used for the purpose of cleaning
streets, roads, bridges, culverts, etc., and to assist the elderly and infirm who may be in
' immediate need of assistance. The DRT will be responsible for the implementation of an
' 51

orderly reconstruction process following a major storm event. The reconstruction process will ,
occur in accordance with the City's building and land use regulations and policies.
Members of the DRT are encouraged to attend disaster training workshops.
Damage Assessment:
Damage assessment must be made to determine as quickly as possible a realistic estimate of the
amount of damage caused by a hurricane or major storm. Information such as the number of
structures damaged, the extent of the damage, and the total estimated value of property
destroyed will need to be developed.
As soon as possible following a storm event the DRT will set up a Damage Assessment Team
(DAT). This team must consist of individuals who are capable of giving reliable estimates of '
the original value of structures, estimates of the value amount of damages sustained, and an
accounting of repairs necessary to restore the structure to its original use. Members of the
DAT will consist of the following persons:
♦ Tax Collector
♦ Building Inspector. (County)
♦ A local realtor or contractor
♦ Brunswick County Tax Department personnel
The following general criteria shall be used:
• Destroyed --- — repairs would cost more than 80% of value. r
• Major damage -- repairs would cost more than 30% of value.
• Minor damage repairs would cost less than 30% of the value but the
structure is currently uninhabitable.
• Habitable some minor damage with repairs less than 15 % of value.
Each damage assessment will be documented according to County Tax Department records.
Also City tax maps and records will be used for identification purposes. The total estimated
dollar value of damages will be summarized and reported to the DRT at the completion of the
survey, or in the case of extensive damage, at regular intervals'during the assessment.
Reconstruction Standards:
Structures which are rendered destroyed or which have sustained major damage, as determined
by the DAT, and which did not conform to the City's building code, Zoning Ordinance, or
other storm mitigation policy standards must be redeveloped according to those policies. In
some instances this will mean the relocation of buildings or structures, in other instances this
will mean no reconstruction will be allowed. Building permits to restore structures which have
received major damage or which have been destroyed and which were in conformance with
municipal ordinances and storm mitigation policy standards will be issued automatically. All
52 1

'or damage will be repaired according to the NC Building Code and
structures suffering mad g p g g
according to all other pertinent, State, local, or federal rules and regulations. All structures
suffering minor damage, regardless of location, will be allowed to rebuild to the original
condition prior to the storm event.
Development Moratoria:
Because of the density of development within the City of Northwest, which is much more
densely developed than the surrounding areas of the County, and because of the possibility of
extensive damage caused by a major storm, it may be necessary for the City to prohibit all
redevelopment activities for a period*of time following a storm event. This development
moratoria would allow City officials the opportunity to carefully assess all damage in light of
existing policies, building regulations and ordinances and to determine the steps necessary for
' redevelopment. This will be particularly crucial should major public facilities be destroyed.
The intent of this moratorium would be to avoid similar circumstances in the event of future
storms. If a moratorium is declared, it will be declared by the City Council. The time frame
for this moratorium will be consistent with the extent of damage. The actual length of any
moratorium declared will be set by the City Council.
L
Reconstruction Schedule:
The following brief schedule of activities and time frame are approved with an understanding
that, realistically, there are many factors which must be considered during a storm event and
some of these items may render this schedule unworkable or not feasible. It is the policy of
the City of Northwest to take all actions to complete the reconstruction process as quickly and
conveniently for all citizens as possible.
Activi
:w;wComplete and report damage assessments.
::>::;,.Begin repairs to critical utilities and facilities
:>m�Permitting of reconstruction activity for all
damaged structures.
Replacement of Public Utilities:
Time Frame
:>2 weeks after storm
::>As soon as possible
m-Following completion
of assessments of the
individual buildings
requiring repair
If, at some future time, a public water supply system or future public or community sewerage
system is damaged or destroyed, and it may be determined that the facility, may be moved to a
less hazardous location, then the system may be relocated during the reconstruction period.
The Mayor, the City Council, and the City engineer will be responsible for oversight on the
repair or reconstruction of public utilities.
1 53

D. Evacuation Plans
The City has confidence in the disaster preparedness plan of the Brunswick County Emergency
Management Department and hereby supports, accepts, and adopts the provisions of this plan
relative to the evacuation of the City of Northwest. City officials believe Northwest should
serve as a place those evacuating beach communities may wish to evacuate to rather than a
Brunswick County place people may wish to evacuate from.
Section 7: LAND CLASSIFICATION
The land classification system provides a framework which will guide the City of Northwest in
identifying the future use of all lands within the City's planning jurisdiction. ,Some of the
lands in City are more suitable than others for development activity. The description of the
classes herein outlined will allow Northwest officials to illustrate graphically their policy
statements on where and at what density they wish future growth will occur, and will illustrate
where the City wants to conserve natural resources by guiding growth.
The Coastal Resources Commission has designated (through the use of the Planning
Guidelines) a land classification system which has seven classes. These seven classification
categories (developed, urban transition, limited transition, community, rural, rural with
services, and conservation) have been subdivided by the City of Northwest into more specific
subclasses pertinent to the situation within the City.
The City of Northwest chooses to use the following three (3) land classification categories:
Transition, Limited Transition, and Conservation.
TRANSITION
The purpose of the Transition class is to provide for development in those areas of the City
which are projected as being within a state of "Transition" during the planning period. In this
context the term Transition means growth and or change of some type due to development or
redevelopment activity. It is believed these areas (which are shown graphically on the Land
Classification Map) are the most likely to change to ever more densely populated commercial
or/and residential development. Those areas classified Transition include all those areas .
believed to be suitable for commercial type development. Those areas classified Transition are
currently the most densely populated areas of the City. These are the areas where water
service is expected within the planning period. These are also to areas to which growth will be
directed.
Areas which meet the intent of the Conservation classification are not to be considered as
Transition lands. Growth activity within land classified transition will be governed by the
City's policies (as discussed in this Land Use Plan Amendment), the Zoning Ordinance,
Subdivision Regulations, and the consistency provisions regarding land development activity
and Land Use Plans addressed in State law (N.C.G.S. 113A-111).
54

n
1
�1
I
LIMITED TRANSITION
The City of Northwest has a large area within the Limited Transition classification category.
It is the general purpose of this classification to provide for uses consistent with an agrarian
region (agriculture, forestry, etc.) as well as to accommodate continuing residential, possible
commercial, manufacturing, or industrial type growth. Population densities in these areas are
expected to remain low during the planning period. Areas which meet the intent of the
Conservation class are not to be considered as Limited Transition lands.
CONSERVATION
The Conservation classification within the City of Northwest applies to all areas classified as
wetlands by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. These areas are too small and too widely
dispersed within the City's planning jurisdiction to be accurately depicted on the Land
Classification Map. In each case, a site survey will be required to determine if freshwater
wetland areas are being disturbed. These areas must be identified by a qualified wetland's
consultant, approved by the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers, or by a representative of the
Corps. Development activity within wetlands is discouraged by City policy. Enforcement of
this policy is by the City's Subdivision Regulations and through working with the Planning
Board in the plat approval process. Development within these areas is permitted if federal,
state, and local regulations permit such activity. No development activity is allowed in those
areas classified Conservation which is inconsistent with the policy statements of this document.
Section 8: RELATIONSHIP OF POLICIES AND LAND CLASSIFICATION
The North Carolina Coastal Resources Commission requires a statement within each Land Use
Plan which discusses how policies within the Land Use Plan relate to the land classification
categories. For all readers and agency personnel who may read and subsequently interpret this
document, please be advised that the City of Northwest has given long and careful thought to
those policies contained herein. Many opportunities for policy choice were given. Those
policies which have emerged as a part of this document are the best effort of City officials to
create policy statements which are consistent with the City's position on long-term growth and
development and which will also be consistent with the Coastal Resources Commission's
planning requirements. The Land Classification Map is the graphic depiction of how these
policies are to be enforced on the land areas in and around the City of Northwest.
It is the desire of City officials to have ordinances created and enforced which will be
consistent with City policy, as contained herein, and which will also be consistent with the
Land Classification Map.
Section 9: INTERGOVERNMENTALCOORDINATION AND Il"LEMENTATION
The City of Northwest will continue to work with Brunswick County on matters of mutual
concern. It is recognized within the City that the County has resources and staff personnel
which are of great assistance to the municipality. The City wishes to encourage and to
promote further cooperation. Some of the areas in which the City would like to work more
closely with the County include:
55

0
Industrial development and the recruiting of industrial and commercial
businesses to the Northwest area.
0
Planning and the regulation of development(including inspections).
0
Provision of fire and rescue services.
0
Emergency management planning and implementation.
0
Parks and Recreation services.
0
Sheriff's Department.
'
0
Register of Deeds.
®
Transportation planning activities.
©
Brunswick County schools and library services.
®
Water and sewer services extension.
The City also recognizes the municipal boundary is not the full extent of the area of concern
affecting the City of Northwest. Other municipalities have much to share in terms of
experience and expertise. Brunswick County municipal managers, administrators, and clerks
have a wealth of experience. Rather than each individual local government re -inventing the
solution to a problem the City of Northwest suggests cooperation and a pooling of resources to
cooperate on ways that cost savings and administrative efficiency may be achieved. It is the
intention of the City to make the best use of all types of resources available and to strive to
make the City of Northwest a better place to live through the sharing of experience.
It is recognized that those land areas which are the maximum extent of the City of Northwest's
municipal limit border on lands, which are covered by a different ordinance for zoning, land
subdivision, minimum housing, nuisances, etc. The City wishes to work with the County on
the adoption of ordinances by both local governments which will have some similarity of
purpose. The long-range goal for each of these places is a better living environment for the
citizens of Brunswick County. County residents share a common destiny, and just as a
common future for those who stay in the County is indisputable, any inconsistencies in policy
or design of land management systems and ordinances will always be able to be discussed at
the City of Northwest. Municipal officials recognize this same level of cooperation at the
County and look forward to continuing a mutually beneficial situation.
56

C:

ATTACHMENT A
City of Northwest
'
Elected Officials
State & Federal Legislative)
U. S. Senate
The Honorable Jesse Helms
SD-403 Dirksen Office Building
Washington, DC 20510
[phone]
fax [phone]
The Honorable John Edwards
317 Hart Senate Office Building
Washington, DC 20510
[phone]
fax [phone]
U. S. House of Representatives
The Honorable Mike McIntyre
1605 Longworth Building
Washington, DC 20515
[phone]
fax [phone]
N. C. State Senate
The Honorable R. C. Soles, Jr.
Legislative Building, Room 2022
Raleigh, NC 27601
[phone]
fax [phone]
N. C. State House of Representatives
The Honorable E. David Redwine
Legislative Building, Room 1204
Raleigh, NC 27601
[phone]
fax [phone]
62

ATTACHMENT • B
Vision Statement
Northwest Land Use Plan Amen
The City of Northwest;. created by act of the NC General Assembly in 1993, is one of the newest of the 18
municipalities in Brunswick County.. The City is located in the Northwest -portion of Brunswick County',
and..it is from this geographical location that the City receives its name.: The City formed because it was '
recognized by the leading citizens of the northwest community that some specific community, needs were
not being addressed to the extent that was deemed necessary for the cluster of homes that now make up the,
City... It was determined that the empowerment which would be provided citizens -through incorporation was
necessary to deal with these issues., It was shortly after incorporation that the City began planning. A
zoning ordinance, subdivision regulations, and a minimum housing code were adopted early by this local
government. In 1996 the City adopted its first Land Use Plan.
The City's long-range goals are prima* directed toward the provision of community services. It is
through the provision of such services that City leaders see as possible the.betterment ofthe life experiences
of those who have chosen to live in the City. It is recognized that Northwest wiill continue to grow, along
With the rest of Brunswick County, and through time and through the application of reasoned choice to
community decisions, the City will achieve its goals.
Population growth of the Northwest area is desirable to City leaders.. Increase in resideatial population
inside the City is desired and expected.. Increases in the availability of shopping opportunities are -also
desired as are light (environme tally. conscious) industrial operations which will provide jobs for area
citizens. It is the goal of the City to have public water and sewer systems existing throughout the City..
Northwest also has need of a master drainage plan.: •It is a. goal of this. City.to create such a plan..
(Flooding occurs following rain events throughout the City and drainage is seen as an_area of planning
which must soon be attended to by City leaders.) It is ami6pated that the City will grow through.
annexation during the planning period. ' Streets exist in the City which badly need paving: Other streets,
.. previously paved, need maintenance. Road wideeaiing is. necessary andbice_paths and sidewalks are desired.
It is a goal of the City that allhousing be brought up to safe -arid -sanitary conditions. Air.quality concerns
are significant for community leadeis.:•Northwest will work with State and federal agencies to receive':
assistance, as necessary, on this public health issue. (The: close proximity. of industrial entities which have
strong potential for fouling,the air bas caused'a heightened concern on this issue.) Other goals for the City'. -
einclude: adequate street lights, hiring. additional City staff (including a City. manager) to better serve the
needs of residents, .a vell equipped state-of-the-art EMT system; a .". Headstart". or "charter school' type
.program, a new .community building (to house City Hall, Post Office, and a Health 8t Nutrition'site), a
daycare'faciility; and a system. of transportation for seniors (and others) exists.
It is recognized by Nortb.N iest's:leaders that the City cannot'accomplish all goals at once. Each goal must
be prioritized and. ordered alongside other needs.. Accomplishments. will be achieved on each of these goals
' along the way:: Since•incorporation the City ofNorthwest has taken:enormous strides. This level of early
achievement has caused the expectation that such high rates of achievement will be the norm.: The
t practicalities of day-to-day existence would seem to preclude the possibiility, of
such a high rate of achievement continuing indefinitely.
Stiill .. as usual . the futurelooks bright for the .City of Northwest.
MM(FGWMWM .

DBsiw
..: Enclosure 109 East) Street: •.Rates North Carolina 276012807
ones gh,

ATTACIEM= D

ATTACHMENT E
,I
CITIZEN PARTICIPATION PLAN
S CHEDULE - OF EVENTS
CITY OF NORTHWEST
1999 LAND USE PLAN AMENDMENT
This Citizen Participation Plan has been prepared according to the requirements of Subchapter 7B of
Chapter 15A of the North Carolina Administrative Code at Section .0215.. As a part of the public
participation requirement 'for the production of a Land Use Plan (LUP) under the Coastal Area
Management Act, local governments are required to describe a process by which the public will be
encouraged to participate in the planning process. It is the intentof the process described herein that the
public will have ample opportunity.to become a meaningful part of the planning process and that views
gathered as a part of this process will be informative and instructional for citizens of the City of Northwest,
interested parties, and elected and appointed Boards.
The principal local Board responsible for supervision of the planning process will be the City of Northwest
Planning Board. Mr. Haskell Rhett of the Cape Fear Council -of Governments will serve as Planner -in -
Charge. Mr. Wayne Bryant. (Planning Board Chairman), Mr. James Knox (Mayor), and Ms. Shirley
Freeman (City Clerk) will serve as the principle points of contact for the City.. The City Council and the
Planning Board will be active in the preparation of this Land Use Plan Amendmentfor the City of
Northwest: :
.Included as a part of. this Citizen Participation Plan is a schedule of events. which. describes the planning
process. Additional meetings will take place,: in addition to those described, as.necessary. , We expect and
anticipate :assistance from the NC Division of Coastal Management in the production. of this LUP.
The public will receive notice of opportunities.for. input in the planning process Regular meetings of the
p Planning Board and City Council will be used, whenever possible, as a means of getting the -citizens of the .
community involved. Legal advertisement of public meetings will be used. Newspaper and other media
coverage will be soughL.Fliers. will be posted at City Hall and around the City. to inf the public of their
opportunities for involvement
F As this" project is a Land Use Plan Amendment, it is understood that acomplete re -write of the Land Use
time. The process for this project will with a review of existing
.Plan will not happen at this Planning pr ... pr J begin .
information (in the current Plan of record) and a focus on existing conditions. -The process will .continue .
with future issues of concern for the City becoming a focus. The policy statements are the most significant
and important part of the LUP and the importance of these.statements on policy will be emphasized to
�..
citizens and community leaders aldce. Coordination and discussion with area municipalities and County
officials on policy matters will be a part of this process.: All economic, social, ethnic and cultural
w viewpoints will be considered through the process of Land Use Plan Amendment production.
07
F It is the purpose of this Land Use Plan Amendment to produce a document which will be adopted by thin _
local government, and approved by the Coastal Resources Commission, -and which document will be.
consistent with the most recently approved version of Subchapter 7B of Chapter '1 SA of the North Carolina
Administrative Code, "Land Use Planning Guidelines."

SCHEDULE OF EVENTS
Tentative Date'
Evert
February 1998
Adoption of Citizen Participation Plan (Planning Board)
February 1998 '
Adoption of Citizen Participation Plan (City Cow=i)
March 1998
Public Hearing on LUP. Explanation of scope and process.
Aphl 1998...
Review of LUP Sections — Analysis of Existing Conditions,
Constraints to Development, Estimated Demand.
May 1998
Joint Meeting City. Council/Planning Board.— Review of .
Policies.
June 1998 ...
Draft LUP Amendment completed and submitted to City Council
City Council approves release (if necessary) for state and federal
agency, commeQt: _
June 1998'.Document
preser ted to NC DCM.
This Citizen Participation Plan is Adopted the day of rat, ,1998, at the City of Northwest,
North Carolina:
]— .
ATTEST..
By
Jam Knox
or, City of North
By
rt
_
W Bry
I``
C P Board
f
SEAL:.40�P0t�.
By
p
Shirley Vreeman
DUNE 1993
City Clerk, City of Northwest:
to
.
DIALS
-.erg r
..• .... ..
i Actual dates are subject to change as needs and circumstances dictate.
_
�-FY
..
1
1
F1
L
L�
P

April 1980
April 1990
MY 1996 lion
O Municipal Rank by PoWa$on
Brunswick County
35,777
50,985
62,856
Bald Head Island
0
78
92
38
Belville
102
66
102
37
Boiling Spring Lakes
998
1,650
2,124 3= .
10
1
Bolivia
232.
228
265
32
Calabash
128
1,210
1,561
13
Caswell Beach
110
173 .
220
34
Holden Beach
232
626
818
18.
'
Leland
1,545
1,801
2,155
9
Long Beach
1,11"
3,816
5,072
3
Navassa
439
445
519
24
Northwest
0.
611
752
20
Ocean Isle Beach
143
523
691
22
Sandy Creek
0,
243
290
31
'
Shallotte
680
1,073
1,234
14
Southport
2,824 '
2,369
2,562
7
'
Sunset Beach .
304
311
1,908
12
Vamumtown..
328
•404
481
25
Yaupon Beach.
569
734
892 _
17
'
Columbus county
51,037
49,587 •
51,1152 .
Boardman
0
.224
208
35'
Bolton
563 :
$31
537
23
Brunswick •
ZJ3 `
302
307
.
28
'
Cerro Gordo
295
227
220
33
Chadbourn.
1,975
2,005
2,049
11
Fair Bluff..
1,095
1,068 .
1,088
15
Lake Waccamaw .
1,133
954
919
16
Saudy6dd
0.
283
293
30
Tabor City
. 2,710 :..
2,3303
8 .
Whitevilk.
5,565
.5,078
6,607-
Z
New Hanover County
103,471
120,284
143,430
'
Carolina Beach
2,000
3,630
4,690
4.
{' : :•
.Kure Beach"',
611
619 .
738
21
Wilmington
44,000
55,530 .
62;968 .
1
Wrightsville Beach
2y910
2,937
. - 3,165
6
y,
•
penda County, : •
`. ZZ,262
28,855 ' •
35,978 .
ti
Atkinson
'298-
275
301
29
.
Burgaw
1,738
2,099
3,519
5
t °.
Shop Point
0 :.
0
21
40
'r,
St. Hdena
:311
.321
353
27
Surf City
421..
653
809
- •19
TopsarT Beach -
2"
346
434
26
k
Wallace (par0 `..
24.
28
32
39
•,.. '
Watha
196
154 :
171
36'
There wen: 40. municipalcomer
in Region
O as of january1998.
As of July1,'1996 there were
a �I of 529 inm led
municipalities in the 100 Cgounties of North Carolina. These figures do not reflect seasonal, increases.,
nT
r 1 Rankings by Cape Fear Council of Governments from figures supplied by the NC Office of State Planning in Decernber.'97
0o
(Cape Fear Council of Governments,1480 Harbour Drive, Wilmingbri, NC 28401, 910-395.4553, rhett�wilmingn.neU:,
�'
af

ARTACMUNT
Per Capita Personal Income=
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