1992 CAMA Land Use Plan Update-1993

The City
1992 CAMA Lard Use Plan Update
Prepared by
The Land Use Plan Steering Committee
and
The Cog Company
Planners • Landscape Architects
Engineers • Urban Designers

CAMA LAND USE PLAN UPDATE
1
i
The City of New Bern
North Carolina
Final Adoption
Board of Aldermen, August 10, 1993
Coastal Resources Commission, September 24, 1993
Prepared by
The Land Use Plan Advisory Committee of New Bern
and
The Cog Company
Planners • Landscape Architects Development Consultants • Engineers
Charlottesville,Virginia
The preparation of this report was financed in part through a grant provided by the
North Carolina Coastal Management Program, through funds provided by the Coastal
Zone Management Act of 1972, as amended, which is administered by the Office of
Ocean and Coastal Resource Management, National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration.

I
I -
Julius C. Parham, Jr.
Pat M. McClanahan
Barbara Lee
City of New Bern
Leander R. Morgan, Mayor
Board of Aldermen
William Ballenger
Robert G. Raynor, Jr.
Donald McDowell
1
Walter B. Hartman, Jr., City Manager
New Bern Planning and Zoning Board
William Creighton, Chairman
Lemuel S. Blades III, Vice -Chairman
'
Robert Dillard
John Gwaltney
Susan Moffat
'
Darwin Whittington
Edward Risty
Pauline White
'
James Trice, Jr.
Irving Carson
P
1992 Land Use Plan Steering Committee
Jack Daft, Chairman
Thomas Karam, Vice -Chairman
Edward Risty
Susan Moffat
James Hayes
William Ballenger
Don Baumgardner
Harold Talton
John Haroldson
Irving Carson
Nan Burgatti
Skip Crayton
John Harmon
Taylor Downey
Michael W. Avery, AICP
Director of Planning and Inspections
Gregory A. Sekula, City Planner
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1992 CAMA LAND USE PLAN UPDATE
THE CITY OF NEW BERN, NORTH CAROLINA
Table of Contents
Chapter
L
Introduction
Introduction to the Planning Process
The Coastal Area Management Act
Establishment of Demographic and Land Use Data Base
Establishment of Land Use and Environmental Goals
Public Participation in the Planning Process
II.
Data Collection and Analysis
Introduction
Establishment of the Information Base
Present Conditions: Population and Economy
Tables and Graphs
III.
Existing Land Use
Summary of Existing Land Use
Introduction
Description of Land Uses
Areas Dedicated to Recreational Use
Significant Land and Water Compatibility Problems
Major Problems From Unplanned Development
Areas Experiencing Major Land Use Changes
Table
IV
Review of Current Plans
Local Plans
State Agency Plans
Federal Regulations
V.
Constraints: Land Suitability
Physical Limitations for Development
Fragile Areas
Areas With Resource Potential
VL
Constraints: Carrying Capacity Analysis
VII.
Estimated Demand
VIII.
Goals. Objectives and Policy Statements
Introduction
Recommended Planning Policies for New Bern
Resource Protection
Resource Production and Management
Economic and Community Development
Public Participation
Storm Hazard Mitigation
IX.
Land Classification System
Developed Areas
Urban Transition
Limited Transition
Community Areas.
Rural Areas
Rural With Services
Conservation
Intergovernmental Coordination and Implementation
X.
Relationships of Policies and Land Classification
Al.
Appendix I: Public Participation Plan
Citizen Survey
Citizen Survey Results
IV-1
IV-2
IV-2
V-1
V-3
V-4
VIII-1
VIII-4
VIII-4
Vill-13
VIII-17
VIII-25
VIII-28
IX-3
IX-4
IX-5
IX-6
IX-7
IX-8
IX-8
IX-10

Chapter L
Introduction
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The City of New Bern
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1992 LAMA Land Use Plan Update The City of New Bern • North Carolina
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CHAPTER I:
General Introduction
Introduction to the Planning Process
The 1992 Land Use Plan is designed to be used as a guide for the physical development of the
City of New Bern focusing on the upcoming ten year timeframe. This Plan, along with
responsible leadership in its implementation. provides a means by which the City's future
growth can be successfully channeled and accommodated. The overall purpose of the Land Use
Plan is to encourage the development of a safe, healthy, and economically sound living
environment for the citizens of the City. The Land Use Plan focuses on those factors which
contribute to or hinder proper growth and development, and identifies those areas in which the
City government can have a positive impact.
The Land Use Plan is not the gospel, but, rather, it is a document which presents the City
government's best attempt at defining its "vision" for the future and suggests ways to attain
that "vision." The attitudes and desires of City residents support the goals, policies and
implementation recommendations which will be adopted into this document. The
participation of the City of New Berns citizens has been an essential contribution to setting
the course for future land development and environmental conservation activities.
By preparing a Land Use Plan which is integrally tied to its precedent goals, objectives and
planning policies and yet incorporates future goals and objectives, the old adage that "it is not
enough to be what we have been" is underscored. Towards this end, one of the initial steps in
this planning process was to define these future goals, to translate those goals into objectives
by which they would be realized, and to establish policies and strategies by which the goals can
be implemented for the betterment of the community interest. In arriving at the set of goals
and objectives which have been recommended for the the City of New Bern Land Use Plan, three
major and distinct efforts were undertaken in order to ensure that the planning process
proceeded along this rational line and with the assurance that the adoption of future land use
recommendations would be constructed on a firm social. economic, moral and legal
underpinning.
The initial effort in this regard was to undertake a thorough review and analysis of all
' previous City plans and growth management documents. By carefully evaluating land use
goals and objectives from earlier plans, the City Steering Committee was able to assess the
"suitability" and "workability" of past planning strategies. In doing so, past planning goals
were then updated, refined and merged into the context of the current Plan's study
requirements.
' Secondly, the City of New Bern planning process incorporated a range of citizens' input and
participation opportunities which enabled all interested parties to express their visions and
expectations for the future of the City. An extensive citizen's attitude survey was conducted, as
well as multiple work sessions, with both public officials and private citizens. The
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1992 CAMA Land Use Plan Update The City of New Bern - North Carolina
■
consolidated findings were used by the City officials in making the final recommendations for
' the Plan. This effort complied with the requirements of the Coastal Area Management Act and
other State guidelines affecting area -wide land use goals, objectives and implementation
strategies for environmentally sensitive areas of the City's wetlands region.
■ Thirdly, the City Steering Committee, City Staff and its Consultants kept a goals -oriented
"vigil" during the development of the multi -faceted land use planning and growth management
' recommendations for the locality. In doing so. they were able to maintain a high level of
leadership and objective focus as the many "nuts and bolts" aspects of this Land Use Plan were
being developed and as numerous land use alternatives were evaluated. The result of this
' thorough goals -directed planning effort yielded a more consistent land use planning program
and a more efficient framework for the future management of growth in the City of New Bern.
Many of the policies presented in this document support the detailed regulations and
ordinances which have already been adopted by the City of New Bern. The most involved of
these is the Land Use Ordinance which outlines specific regulations as they apply to zoning,
dimensional requirements, parking, floodplain, open space, signage, streets, historic districts
and other specific landscaping, design and development issues. These regulations and
ordinances are outlined and explained in Chapter IV of this document.
' The Coastal Area Management Act
' The Coastal Area Management Act of 1974--commonly known as CAMA--established a
cooperative program of coastal area management and planning between local governments
and the State. The City of New Bern has been an active and productive participant in the CAMA
' process since its inception. Land use planning lies at the center of the City of New Bern's
involvement with CAMA, inasmuch as it has provided City leaders an opportunity and
responsibility to establish and enforce policies to guide land development on a 5-year cyclical
basis.
' The Coastal Resources Commission's Land Use Planning Guidelines are very clear on the
Commission's position regarding the importance of local planning:
' `Land development generally takes place as the result of decisions by
private individuals and government. If left entirely to chance, the resulting
pattern of development in a locality may well not be in the best overall
' community interest. In order to promote this community interest for both
present and future generations, a land use plan is to be developed, adopted and
kept current by the local governments in the coastal area.
■ The land use plan is a framework that will guide local leaders as they
make decisions affecting development. Private individuals and other levels of
' government will also use the plan to guide their land use decisions. Use of the
plan by these groups will lead to the more e(jlcient and economical provision of
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I992 CAMA Land Use Plan Update The City of New Bern • North Carolina
' public services, the protection of natural resources, sound economic
P
development, and the protection of public health and safety."
' The Cityof New Bern's leadership, through the CAMA land use planning process, has addressed
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many issues and has adopted policies that serve to guide the development of the City.
' This process recognizes that many decisions affecting land development are made by other
levels of government (regional, state. federal). and that local policies must take account of and
' harmonize with established state and federal laws. However, most land use decisions are
primarily those of local relevance, concern and control. By comprehensively addressing these
issues via the Land Use Plan, state and federal agencies will support the City's policies that deal
' with these issues. These agencies will also use the City land use plans and policies in making
project consistency, funding and permit decisions. It is important to note that in the absence
of a regularly updated and adopted Plan, the City relinquishes a number of local decision
' making responsibilities to State and Federal agencies which may, or may not, have the best
interest of the City of New Bern's citizens at heart.
' Pursuant to the established Land Use Planning Guidelines of the Coastal Resources
Commission, the Land Use Plan for the City of New Bern is required by State statute to contain
the following four basic minimum elements:
' a summary of data collection and analysis
• an existing land use map
' a land use and environmental policy discussion
• a land classylcation map
IEstablishment of a Demographic and Land Use Data Base
' The data collection and analysis items required by CAMA are designed to establish the
information base necessary to make policy choices about future land use and development in
the City. These items have been formulated so as not to place unnecessary burden on the local
' planning resources. The data requirements can generally be fulfilled by utilizing existing local
plans and studies including the previous Land Use Plan Updates, as well as information
provided by the U. S. Census, regional planning bodies and State agencies.
1
Establishment of Land Use and Environmental Goals and Policies
The City's Land Use Plan is required by CAMA to contain statements of local policy on those
land use issues which will affect the community during the upcoming ten-year planning
' period. The major issues should include, but are not limited to:
• Resource Protection
' Resource Production and Management
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1992 CAMA Land Use Plan Update The City of New Bern • North Carolina
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• Economic and Community Development
' Public Participation
• Storm Hazard Mitigation
' Rather than incorporate additional topical areas for major issues, the Land Use Plan Steering
Committee has determined that the above categories are sufficient for this Plan Update. Other
traditional planning topics such as transportation, recreation, education, employment and
' growth management controls have been integrated into the examination and discussions of
the five major CAMA policy categories.
t It is incumbent upon the drafters of the City Land Use Plan to ensure to the greatest extent
possible that there is consistency among individual policies developed in each policy category.
Particular attention should be given to individual policies in the resource protection, resource
' production and management, and economic and community development categories. These
three categories will often contain issues of overlapping as well as conflicting ideologies and
philosophies. The result is that potentially competing and contradictory goals, policies and
strategies must be forcefully addressed and sensitively resolved during the planning process.
' Public Participation In the Planning Process
Public participation is the cornerstone of the planning process. In complying with CAMA
' planning guidelines, the Land Use Plan must document the means by which public
involvement in the land use plan update was accomplished. At a minimum, the CAMA
mandates that the City's Plan must address the following public participation issues:
' • a description of means to be used for public education on planning
issues,
' • a description of means to be used for continuing public participation
in planning, and
' • a description of means . to be used for obtaining citizen input in
developing land use plan policy statements.
' In fulfillingthese State planning guidelines for public involvement, the City leadership has
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prepared policies based upon data analysis and land use inventories, as well as detailed citizen
' input, related to the best possible alternative for each land use issue. The Land Use Plan
Includes a description of the methods by which the City intends to implement its policy
' choices. In summary, all policies adopted by the City as a part of the Land Use Plan are
designed to maintain consistency with the overall policy adopted by the Coastal Resources
Commission.
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Chapter H.
Data Collection and Analysis
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Land Use Plan 1992
The City of New Bern
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I992 CAMA Land Use Plan Update
Introduction
The City of New Bern • North Carolina
CHAPTER II:
Data Collection and Analysis
The Coastal Resources Commission (CRC) updates its planning guidelines every five years and
subsequently adds and deletes policy requirements. The 1992 Land Use Plan update for the
City of New Bern complies with the "Land Use Planning Guidelines" of the North Carolina
Administrative Code (NCAC) Subchapter 713 as amended in October of 1989. This section of the
Code outlines the requirements of the Coastal Area Management Act (CAMA) established in
1974. It also "sets forth general standards for use by the Coastal Resources Commission in
reviewing and considering local land use plans."
The first CAMA Land Use Plan for the City of New Bern was prepared in 1977. The initial
update was completed in 1982 and the second update was completed in 1987. The purpose of the
update is primarily for the examination of existing policies and the evaluation of the
relevancy and adequacy of the techniques for implementation based on demographic and
physiographic changes over the past five years.
A. Establishment of the Information Base
' The following information base is provided to establish a statistical foundation for use during
the formation of goals, policies and implementation techniques. Information on population,
housing, economics and land use was obtained from a variety of reliable public and private
' sources. Most of the data related to demographics came from the most recent U.S. 1990 Census
of Population and Housing. Additional data was acquired from State and Local sources such as
the North Carolina Statistical Abstracts. Where information specific to the City of New Bern
' was not available, Craven County data has been included. Windshield surveys and an analysis
of building permit data were conducted to update existing land use patterns and classifications.
Interviews staff and work sessions were conducted with various City staas well as elected and
appointed officials. Information for the period preceding the-1987 Land Use Plan was obtained
from that document and is presented, in part, herein for comparison with more recent
' statistics.
B. Present Conditions: Population and Economy
' L Population
The City of New Bern is located in Central -Eastern North Carolina, at the confluence of the
' Trent and Neuse Rivers. Founded in 1710 by a Swiss nobleman, New Bern is the second oldest
town in North Carolina and was the colonial capital of the state. While 1990 Census data
places the population at 17,363, more accurate and current figures provided by the Office of
' State Planning estimate 20,645 to be the correct figure. The City limits contain a land area of
approximately 19 square miles: The dfference in these numbers is primarily the result of
recent annexations as explained in the following section and indicated by Table 11-1. The
' majority of these annexations occurred on June 25. I 991.
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1992 CAMA Land Use Plan Update The City of New Bern • North Carolina
' The main purpose of providing population data with the Land Use Plan is to establish a
demographic benchmark against which land use decisions regarding type, mix and character
' of real estate, as well as potential impacts on Areas of Environmental Concern, may be tested.
The Plan also presents projection of population growth for the coming decade. While
' population forecasting is. at best, an "educated guess," it affords the City insight into future
i
demands on the environment and public infrastructure.
1
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11
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Annexation Summary
2.000
1,800
c 1.600
1,400
a 1,200
i 1.000
800
u 600
a 400
200
0
U. S. RL
Olde Woodrow Pleasant Pembroke Trent
17 South
Towne Hills Road
Locations
Acres ❑ Population
The population base in New Bern has fluctuated over the past twenty years. Census figures
indicate a slow decline in population between 1960 and 1980. This is in sharp contrast to the
population increase between 1980 and 1992. The maximum fluctuation occurred during this
past twelve years, as the citizenry grew by nearly 42 percent. Craven County population figures
indicate a steady increase in population between 1960 and 1990. The greatest percentage
increase occurred between 1980 and 1990 when the population base grew by just under 15
percent. Projections to the year 2000 indicate a continuing increase in population for both the
City and County. See Table H-2 for population trends for the City and the region
Regional Population
100,000
0
80,000
(v
60,000
a.
o
40,000
w
a.
20,000
0
Craven County
Lenoir Jones
Carteret
County
1970 ❑ 1980 M 1990
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1992 CANA Land Use PIan Update The City of New Bern - North Carolina
According to the 1990 Census, New Berns female population currently outnumbers its males
by 0.4 percent. Projections to the year 2000 indicate a continuation of this pattern. This trend
' holds true for all of North Carolina as well. This female predominance is partially
attributable to the national demographic trend of females outliving males. Within the older
age groups of New Bern, the results of longer female lifespans are witnessed: Ages 65-69, 560
' females to 382 males; ages 70-74, 419 females to 302 males; and ages 75+, 913 females to 335
males. The source of these figures is, again, the 1990 U.S. Census. See Table H-3 for the f igures
which indicate these trends.
While the current data and projections indicate no major change in overall age group
percentages, a minor population aging pattern is predicted to emerge from 1990 to 2000.
Currently, the highest concentration of New Bern's residents occurs in the age cohort 25-44
' years and the second highest concentration occurs in the 5-19 years age range. It is expected
that as the "baby boom" generation ages, increasing stress will be placed on housing facilities
targeted for the older (55+) age bracket. The high percentage of the population within the
' school age bracket emphasizes the need for maintenance and/or improvements to the school
system. Also, with 16.8 percent of the population being 65 years and older in the 1990 Census,
' attention must be paid to facilities and opportunities for this older age bracket.
The racial composition of the City of New Bern has remained relatively stable since 1980. The
' 1990 population is made up of 44.4 percent non -white and 55.6 percent white. The number of
blacks, who comprise 97.2 percent of the non -whites in the City, has decreased by
approximately 1.5 percent over the ten year census period. Conversely, the number of whites
' have been increasing by nearly the same percentage. Table II-4 presents a comparison of
racial composition by State, County and City.
' Population projections, though not available from the Census for the City of New Bern, are
available for Craven County. The County is projected to have a total population of 92,750 in
the year 2000. This is an increase of 11.137 persons, or 12% between 1990 and 2000. Earliest
' projections for the City are available to the year 2005 and are based on 1989 NCDOT
calculations. They place the 2005 population at 29,063 which is an increase of 29 percent from
the year 1992 figures.
' a. Population Summary
arY
The analysis of existing and projected population figures in the City of New Bern suggests the
following trends:
' 1. The population of New Bern was characterized by slight decreases between 1960 and
1980. An extreme turnaround has taken place in the past ten to twelve years indicated by a 42
percent increase in population between 1980 and 1992.
' 2. The population emphasis is placed on the ages of 25-44 as well as the retirement cohort
of 65+. This indicates the existing and potential demand on retirement services.
' 3. Craven CountY 's population continues to increase by nearly 15 percent every ten years.
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1992 LAMA Land Use Ptah Update The City of Neu Bern • North Carolina
' The population projections for the City are higher, placing the projected population for the
year 2005 nearly 29 percent higher than the present 20,645.
4. In 1950. one third of the County's population lived in New Bern. In 1984, slightly more
than 23 percent of the County's population lived in the City. Currently, nearly 21 percent of
Craven County's residents live in the City. This decrease may be the result of the increased
concentration of retirees and the inmigration of young couples to new developments in areas
such as River Bend, Trent Woods and Fairfield Harbor within the County.
b. Housing
According to the U.S. Census definition, a household includes all persons who occupy a single
housing unit. A housing unit is defined as a single room or group of rooms occupied as a
separate living quarter; single family detached homes, townhouse units, apartments,.. and
' condominiums. are all considered single housing units. Persons living in group quarters or
institutions, including hospitals, asylums and jails are not considered members of
' households.
According to the 1990 Census, 97.5 percent of all persons in New Bern occupy households. This
t percentage is higher then the State-wide figure which rests at 96.6 percent for 1990. The
number of persons per household increased from 2.28 persons in 1980 to 2.33 persons in 1990.
This number is slightly lower than the 2.54 persons per household'figure recorded for North
' Carolina. The vacancy rate in New Bern stood at 9.5 percent in 1990. This figure is over a
percentage point lower than the State figure of 10.7 percent. See Table 11-5 for information
outlining household characteristics.
' The total number of housing starts has steadily declined over the past five years from an
annual high of 141 to a low of 38 in 1991. The average costs of construction was between
$50,000 and $59,999. As may be assumed by the above statistics, the total number of building
' permits has also declined over the past five years. The greatest number of building permits
were issued for single family homes. Refer to the Table 11-6 for detailed statistical data
regarding building permits.
' In 1992. the North Carolina Department of Commerce published figures ranking the major
towns in the State by construction activity and value of construction. New Bern ranked
' seventh in construction activity indicating that $1,390was spent annually per person on
average. The City was ranked twentieth in value of construction with a total of $24,143,595
invested during the 1992 calender year.
2. Economic Analysis
' a. General
The State of North Carolina merges its statistics on employment and commerce for New Bern
' with those of Craven County. The economy of Craven County is dominated by three
employment categories: retail trade, general services, and manufacturing. "Retail trade" is
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L 992 CAMA Land Use Plan Update The City of Nezu Bent • North Carolina
' comprised primarily of merchandise and supply stores, restaurants and gas stations.
"Services" are defined as hotels, insurance and real estate, business services, health care. and
' social services. "Manufacturing" includes such tasks as textile and food production, logging
and printing. According to the most recent County Business Patterns, published by the U.S.
Census, the retail trade sector accounted for 5,910 employees or 28 percent of the labor force.
In the same year, general services accounted for 25.9 percent while manufacturing tallied just
over 24 percent. Non -civilian activities such as the military base at Havelock also influence
the economy of Craven County. Table II-7 outlines employment by Place of Work.
' Unemployment figures in the County of Craven show minor fluctuations over the last five
years. The unemployment rate dropped to a five year low of 3.5 percent in 1989. It rose slightly
' to 4.7 percent in 1990 and this gradual increase is expected to have continued to the present.
The unemployment figures are higher by just over half a percentage point when compared to
the average State figure of 4.1 percent in 1990. Refer to the Employment section of this Chapter
for further information and graphic illustration on employment statistics. Also refer to
Table II-8 for employment statistics for the years 1986-1990.
Craven County Employment by Place of Work
Unclassified Establishments 0166
services I
Finance. Insurance & Real ' .
Estate 01'
Rota: Trade
Vvhotesak Trade t' J i 37
Transportation d Public 0939
UWiGes
Manufacturing
construction
Mining I1•
Agriculture. Forestry. Fishing gas
0
1.000 2.000 3.000 e,000 5.000 6.000
Number of Persons
10
' b. Commerce
The number of business establishments operating in Craven County have been steadily
' increasing by as much as 10 percent (1986 and 1987) over the past ten years. The recent trend
indicates a more modest increase of just over 1 percent between 1988 and 1989.
' Per capita personal income has been steadily increasing since 1970. The greatest increase of
just under 7 percent occurred between 1986 to 1987. The trend indicating steady increases in
per capita income seems to be continuing. The average annual increase hovers at or around
' the current inflation rate.
The County's businesses have employed a varying number of persons as warranted by local
' and national economic conditions. Over the past five years, the firms have employed a high of
30,880 persons in 1989 and a low of 28,666 persons in 1986. A slight fall of about 1.5 percent
occurred between the years of 1989 and 1990. A corresponding rise in the unemployment rate
' of 1.2 percent occurred during this time frame as well. See Table II-7a for a comparison of
Craven County figures.
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I992 CANA Land Use Plan Update The City of New Bern • North Carolina
' The gross retail sales for the County of Craven increased from 1970 to 1990. The largest
increase occurred between 1987 and 1989. averaging nearly 3 percent. Currently, a continuous
' rise is still apparent, however the yearly percentage increase is a slightly more modest 2
percent. See Table II-7b for specft numerical data applying to this category. The source in
' all cases was the U.S. Census Statistical Abstracts and County Business Patterns.
t C. Tax Base
According to the City Tax Assessor's office, the total tax base for the City of New Bern
increased substantially from 1988 to 1991, partially due to annexations and increased
' property values. Tax base figures are listed below:
1988: $497,254,571
' 1989: $554,466,000
1990: $587.148,872
1991: $746,179,787
d. Employment
' Employment figures in Craven County show minor fluctuations over the past five years. The
current trends indicate a steady rise in the unemployment rate. Employment for the County
' has decreased by 34 persons.
During the last five years, the unemployment level peaked in 1986 with 1,471 of Craven
' County's labor force participants being without jobs, an overall rate of 4.9 percent. The lowest
number for unemployment was in 1989, when there were 1.125 unemployed persons for a rate
of 3.5 percent. By comparison, the unemployment rate for North Carolina was 5.3 percent in
' 1986 and 3.5 percent in 1989. The 1990 figures show a moderate rise in unemployment which
rests at 4.7 percent for the County and 4.1 percent for State. See Table 11-8 for a statistical
summary of Employment for the past, f eve years.
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1992 CAMA Land Use Plan Update The City of Nero Bern • North Carolina
e. Tourism
Travel expenditures in Craven County have increased from $26.169 million in 1984 to a high
of $42.62 million in 1990, an increase of 38.6% over the six year period. Between 1989 and
1990, however. travel expenditures decreased from $46.63 million in 1989 to $42.62 million In
1990, a decrease of 9.4%. While the State's travel expenditures have risen by an average of
7.47% yearly since 1984, Craven County's travel expenditures have risen by an average of
7.37% yearly over the same time period. Travel commerce in the County represented .64% of
the State total in 1990. a slight increase in the County's contribution of .62% in 1984.
In 1990, the travel and tourism related industries employed 790 persons, or 2.5%, of Craven
County's total civilian labor force of 32,287 persons. This employment translated to a payroll
of $11.36 million. State and local tax receipts resulting from travel and tourism expenditures
totaled $1.66 million and $.74 million respectively. See Table 11-9 for information on Travel
and Tourism Expenditures for the years 1989 and 1990.
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1992 CAM Land Use Plan Update
The City of New Bern - North Carolina
Table II-1
Annexation Summary
June 25,1991
City of New Bern
Location
Acres
Population
U. S. Rt. 17 South
725
828
Olde Towne
804
351
Woodrow
1,225
993
Pleasant Hills
1,965
144
Pembroke
448
913
Trent Road
140
58
Total
5,307
3,287
Table II-2
Population Trends
1970-1990
Jurisdiction
Population Change
1980-1990
1970
1980
1990
Persons
Percent
Craven County
62,554 71,043 81,613
10,570
14.88
Lenoir
55,204 59,819 .57,274
-2,545
-4.25
Jones
9,779 9,705 9,414
-291
-3.00
Carteret
31,603 41,092 52,556
11,464
27.90
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1992 CAMA Land Use Plan Update
The City of New Bern • North Carolina
Table II-3
Population by Age and Gender: 1990
City of New Bern
Age Cohort
Male
Female
Total
0-4 years
674
683
1,357
5-19 years
1,829
1,788
3,617
20-24 years
541
603
1,144
25-44 years
2,417
2,870
5,287
45-64 years
1,315
1,732
3,047
65 years and older
1,0191
1,8921
2,911
Percentaod 44.891 55.11 100.00
Population by Age and Gender: 1990
North Carolina
Age Cohort
Male
Female
Total
0-4 years
233,576
225,379
458,955
5-19 years
703,101
671,190
1,374,291
20-24 years
288,510
265,446
553,956
25-44 years
1,064,393
1,087,093
2,151 ,486
45-64 years
611,002
674,606
1,285,608
65 years and older
' 313,7081
490,6331
804,341
The Cox Company
Total 3,214,290 3,414,347 6,628,637
Percentaa 48.49 51.51 100.00
Data Collection and Analysis • H-9
i

1992 CAMA Land Use Plan Update
The City of Nero Bern - North Carolina
e
Table II-4
Population by Race: 1980 - 1990
City of New Bern
Race
1980
1990
1980.1990
Population
Change
1980-1990
Percent
Change
White
Non -white
8,176
6,381
9,654
7,709
1,478
1,328
18.1%
20.8%
Total
14.557
17,363
2,806
19.3%
Population by Race: 1970 - 1990
Craven County
Race
1970
1980
1990
1970.1980
Population
Change
1970-1980
Percent
Change
1980.1990
Population
Change
1980-1990
Percent
Change
White
Non -white
46,393
16161
50,554
20,489
58,660
22.953
4,161
4,328
9.0%
8,106
2,464
16.0%
26.8%
1
12.0%
Total 1
62,554
1 71,043
1 81,613
1 8,489
1 13.6%
10,570
14.9%
Population by Race: 1970 - 1990
North Carolina
Race
1970
1980
1990
1970.1980
Population
Change
1970.1980
Percent
Change
1980-1990
Population
Change
1980-1990
Percent
Change
White
Non -white
3,905,587
1,176 472
4,460.570
1,421,196
5,008,49.1
1,620,146
554,983
244,724
14.2%
547,921
198,950
12.3%
20.8%
14.0%
Total
5,082,059
1 5,881,766
1 6,628,637
1 799,707
1 15.7%
746,871
12.7%
The Cox Company Data Collection and Analysis - II 10

1992 CANA Land Use Plan Update
Table II-5
The City of Nets Bern - North Carolina
Housing Characteristics: 1990
City of New Bern
Total Persons
17,363
Persons in Households (97.5%)
16,926
Persons Per Household
2.33
Total Households
7,264
Total Single Family
4,780
Total Multi -Family
2,615
Mobile Home/Trailer
550
Total Vacant Units
760
Total Renter Occupied
3,575
Total Owner Occupied
3,689
Average Rent Asked
$234
Average Price Asked
$55,600
Table II-6
Building Permits Issued
January 1981 - May 1991
New Bern Planning Area
i
Type of Structure
Year
Total
Residential
Non-residential
Single Family
Multi -family
Mobile Homes
1981
1982
76
21
30
101
6
22
72
36
184
180
1983
1984
1985
64
54
59
'92
23
258
25
23
27
58
51
37
239
151
381
1986
1987
126
141
102
52
87
84
43
51
358
328
1988
1989
1990
Jan. -May 1991
114
126
64
38
0
0
6
2
84
73
88
22
29
48
14
3
227
247
172
65
Total
883
666
541
442
2,532
The Cox Company
Data Collection and Analysis -H-II

1992 CAMA Land Use Plan Update
The City of New Bern • North Carolina
Table 11.7
Employment by Place of Work: 1989
Craven County/North Carolina
Employment Sector
Craven County
Employees % of Total
North Carolina
Employees % of Total
Ratio (%)
County/State
Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing
85
0.4
12,571
0.48
0.68
Mining
14
0.1
3,912
0.15
0.36
Construction
1,362
6.4
156,790
6.04
0.87
Manufacturing
5.124
24.3
868,534
33.45
0.59
Transportation & Public Utilities
939
4.4
145.984
5.62
0.64
Wholesale Trade
937
4.4
154,294
5.94
0.61
Retail Trade
5.910
28.0
527.271
20.31
1.12
Finance, Insurance & Real Estate
1,113
5.3
134,832
5.19
0.83
Services
5.472
25.9
573.484
22.09
0.95
Unclassified Establishments
166
0.8
18.640
0.72
0.89
Total
The Cox Company
Data Collection and Analysis • H-I2
r

1992 CAMA Land Use Plan Update
The City of New Bern -North Carolina
Table II-7a
Craven County
Businesses, Employees and Payrolls
1985-1989
Year
Number of
Establishments
Annual
Payroll
Number of
Employees
1989
1,745
$347,161.000
21,122
1988
1,719
$300,158.000
18,878
1987
1,720
$271.681,000
17,930
1986
1,553
$227,767,000
15666
1985
1.466
$210,568.000
15111
The Cox Company
Table II-7b
Retail Sales by Fiscal Year
Craven County
Year ICraven
County
Percent Change
1970
$124,433,000
160.40%
1980
$324,021,000
56.80%
1986
$508.083.000
0.96%
1987
$512,962,000
3.30%
1988
$530,006,000
3.14%
1989
$546,661,000
2.12%
1990
1 $558,266,000
Data Collection and Analysis - H-I3
i

1992 CAMA Land Use Plan Update
The City of New Bern • North Carolina
i
Table II-8
County/State Employment Statistics
1986-1990
Labor Force by Employed by Unemployed by Unemployment
County/State I Year I Place of Residencel Place of Residencel Place of Residence Rate (%)
Craven 1986
30,137
28,660
1,477
4.9
1987
31,003
29,577
1,426
4.6
1988
31,046
29,928
1,118
3.6
1989
31,897
30,781
1.116
3.5
1990
32,287
30,774
1,513
4.7
State 1986
3,177,000
3,008,000
169,000
5.3
1987
3,276,000
3,130,000
146,000
4.5
1988
3,319,000
3,199,000
120,000
3.6
1989
3,391 ,000
3,272,000
119,000
3.5
1990
3,401,000
3,262,000
139,000
4.1
M
The Cox Company Data Collection and Analysis • H-14

1992 CAMA Land Use Plan Update
The City of New Bern • North Carolina
Table 11-9
1989 & 1990 Travel and Tourism Expenditures
Craven County
State
Local
Year
Expenditures
Payroll
Employment
Tax Receipts
Tax Receipts
($000)
($000)
(Persons)
($000)
($000)
1989
46,630
11,360
890
1,750
760
1990
42,620
9,640
790
1,660
740
Craven County
Travel Expenditures
Year
Expenditures
($000)
1984
26,169
1985
29,207
1986
30,018
1987
40,006
1988
41,142
1989
46,630
1990
42,620
The Cox Company Data Collection and Analysis • II 15
r

Chapter M.
Existing Land Use %
Land Use Plan • 1992
The City of New Bern

I992 CAM Land Use Plan Update
The City of New Bern - North Carolina
CHAPTER III:
Existing Land Use Analysis
Summary of fisting Land Use
IA. Introduction
' A major element in the formulation of the Land Use Plan Update is an understanding of the
land use changes which have taken place over the five year interim. It is important to
understand the existing trends and patterns of development when designing new goals,
' policies and implementation techniques. The future development patterns and growth
management strategies for any vacant property or infill development will be greatly
influenced by the City's distribution, pattern of development, and concentration of existing
' land uses. This chapter serves to outline the following existing land use patterns: residential,
commercial, office and institutional, industrial, and vacant land. See Table III-1 for an
outline of existing land uses. The categories shown in this Table, and explained in this text,
' reflect the categories as indicated on the map of existing land use presented in this document.
B. Description of Land Uses
' L Residential
The City contains approximately 3,715 acres of residential use. This figure includes areas
' outside of the corporate limits and inside the one -mile Extra -Territorial boundary. The
Central Business District of New Bern is surrounded by a relatively large residential district
containing many buildings classified as structures of historic and architectural significance.
' These residences are primarily single family dwellings. The City also contains several
compact developments occupied by both single family and duplex dwellings. These are
' dispersed throughout the community. The majority of recent residential development has
occurred on the outer perimeter of the City and within the one -mile jurisdictional area: This
development is primarily made up of new single family dwellings situated on subdivided
' farmland.
2. Commercial
' Commercial land in New Bern is classified into the following categories: Central Business (Cl)
Zoning District, Commercial Waterfront (C2) Zoning .District, Neighborhood Business (C4),
' and Commercial Highway (C3). These classifications are described below.
Downtown New Bern (defined as the area east of George Street, south of New Street and west of
' the Neuse River, and north of the Trent River) contains the Central Business District and the
Commercial Waterfront. The Central Business District is comprised of retail businesses,
government buildings, and municipal services. It is located east of Hancock Street, south.of
' New Street, west of Craven Street, and north of the Trent River Waterfront. Future
development within the Central Business District will be limited to either redevelopment of
existing buildings and lots or infill in accordance with the Urban Design Plan.
The Cox Company Existing Land Uses - III-1
i

1992 LAMA Land Use Plan Update The City of Neuv Bern. - North Carolina
The Commercial Waterfront is found east of Craven Street, south of Broad Street, west of the
' Neuse River, and north of the Trent River. This area is used for retail and commercial services,
office and institutional uses, and residences. Included in this designation is a parcel of vacant
land cleared in the 1970s. This section contains excellent potential for new development in
' concert with the Urban Design Plan.
Areas classified as Neighborhood Business primarily serve the surrounding residential areas.
' Businesses are limited to the service and retail trade in order to protect the character and
privacy of the adjacent residences.
' New Bern's Commercial classification, comprised of office, retail, and service businesses, is
generally located along major roads that receive high -volume traffic, such as Neuse Boulevard
and U.S. Route 17. The U.S. Route 17 commercial area has been a primary location for retail
' and service growth over the past ten years. This form of development is characteristic of other
similar "strip" commercial developments and contains a broad array of gas stations, small
retail and dining franchises, and large chain establishments.
' The City of New Bern has approximately 765 acres dedicated to Commercial use as well as
Office and Institutional use. This figure includes areas outside of the corporate limits and
' inside the one -mile Extra -Territorial boundary.
3. Office and Institutional
' This land use classification includes those areas containing professional offices, some
residences, and limited institutional uses. The institutional uses include hospitals, clinics,
' and medical offices. New Bern has an historic area along Pollock Street where historic
buildings are used for business offices as well as residences. The only institutional uses found
in this historic area include the Tryon Palace Historic Sites and Gardens.
Office and Institutional uses are found primarily in the following three areas. The first area is
off Neuse Boulevard in the vicinity of the Craven County Hospital Complex. The second is
' along Glenburnie Road, and the third is around Craven Community College, located off
Glenburnie Road, south of U.S. 70.
4. Industrial
' The City contains approximately 736 acres of industrial use within the Extra -Territorial
boundary. The Industrial classification consists of light and heavy industries, warehouses,
wholesalers, and heavy commercial uses. The majority of the Industrial land uses are located
' in the northern half of the City. It is probable that an older Industrial area, upper North
Craven Street, will eventually be redeveloped for residential and/or commercial use due to its
close proximity to the Downtown area. Most of the remaining Industrial uses are located
I
along U.S. Route 17 South and Neuse Boulevard (Highway 55).
IThe Cox Company Existing Land Uses • nF-2
e

1992 CAMA Land Use Plan Update The City Qf Netu Bern • North Carolina
5. Vacant Land
New Bern contains approximately 5182 acres of vacant and otherwise undeveloped land,
which is primarily located in floodplain and/or is employed by agricultural, forestry and
timber uses. Vacant land in and around the Downtown area is a great opportunity for infill
development or public open space in the form of recreation.
C. Areas Dedicated to Recreational Use
' Land area dedicated to recreational use accounts for approximately 256 acres. Several public
and private recreational areas are located within the city. West New Bern Recreational Center,
which has tennis courts, and Stanley White Park are each about twenty-five acres. The City
' also has recreation buildings, ball fields, picnic areas, and playgrounds. Three large parks in
New Bern, located along the Neuse and Trent Rivers, are Union Point Park, Glenburnie Park,
and Lawson Creek Park.
' The North Carolina Beach and Estuarine Water Grant Program has been utilized in several
areas in New Bern to facilitate waterfront improvements. Funds were acquired under this
' program for Lawson Creek Park, which is undergoing improvements which include the
addition of fishing piers, boat ramps, nature trails, and a nature observatory.
' Union Point Park, which includes Duffy Park in its boundaries, has recently been improved as
well, in accordance with the City's Urban Design Plan. In July 1992, the City received a
Coastal and Estuarine Water Beach Access Grant from the Department of Environment.
Health. and Natural Resources (administered by the Division of Coastal Management) for
Phase 1 of improvements to Union Point Park. The total project cost of $105,700was usedto
' build a bulkhead, relocate two boat ramps, construct a finger dock, upgrade restrooms
according to Americans with Disabilities Act requirements, improve parking and driveways,
demolish an existing pier, and provide lighting for the new parking area. Additional
' bulkheading, construction of a pedestrian promenade, replacement of the old parking lot with
a grassed lawn, and new plantings will be phased over the next 2 to 5 years.
' Craven County has continued to build new and upgrade existing boat access points along the
Neuse River and the Trent River.
' D. Significant Land and Water Use Compatibility Problems
A land use compatibility problem generally concerns land use types which somehow restrict
' expansion or additional investment on adjacent properties with other land uses. The
elimination of land and water use compatibility problems is a primary goal of the CAMA
regulations and guidelines set by the Coastal Resource Commission. The City of New Bern has
' adopted and incorporated these regulations into its land use policies to ensure consistency
while also allowing some local flexibility in determining growth management needs and
strategies.
The Cox Company Existing Land Uses • LT-3

I992 CAMA T4nd UsePfan Update The City ofNewBern •North Camlina
' The City supports future land development in sensitive areas, such as areas of environmental
concern, as long as such development does .not have significant and potentially negative
impacts on land, air, or water resources. Such policies keep in mind the balance between
' resource protection and management and continued economic growth, and also reflect the
general use standards of the North Carolina Administrative Code (as amended).
The improvement and maintenance of the existing water quality in the City is another major
concern. The monitoring of water systems for dangerously high levels of chemical discharges
and other potentially hazardous substances is of ongoing importance. Regulations that protect
' water quality will be enforced.
' E. Major Problems from Unplanned Development
The City of New Bern has the potential to expand its Extra -Territorial Jurisdiction in the
future, thereby acquiring jurisdiction over vacant land. Potentially, a considerable portion of
this land will be in the flood plain or employed for farm uses. Plans and implementation tools
geared towards strategically and carefully designed development, such as the Urban Design
' Plan and the New Bern Land Use Ordinance, should be supported by the City. This is especially
the case for development related to future commercial and economic growth and the
construction of new residential areas. Such plans should include consideration of stormwater
' management, recreation and open space, economic revitalization, local housing needs,
historic, cultural and natural resources, agricultural uses, and transportation systems.
Scattered residential and commercial development along the existing roads leading to the
countryside is an example of typically unplanned development. Continued strip development
will undoubtedly result in unacceptable ratios for through, local and turning traffic.
Impending public safety hazards from such development have been well -documented in other
localities. Future development along these entrance and exit corridors to the City should be
more sensitively clustered and executed according to existing land use ordinances which
encourage public safety as well as good design. Development must also be sensitive to street
systems suggested in the New Bern Thoroughfare Plan.
F. Areas Experiencing, or Likely to Experience, Major Land Use Changes
An equal concentration on the revitalization of existing older areas of the City and on infill
development of new commercial establishments should be promoted to provide for an
equitable distribution of construction and economic activity. Plans for strategic development
should be drafted, supported, and implemented to ensure this balance.
Any future annexation contemplated by the Board of Aldermen will involve planning for the
development of these areas to ensure growth compatible with the City proper. It is the policy of
the City of New Bern to balance the costs and impacts of these land use decisions to the benefit
of the general health, safety, and welfare of the City's citizens.
The Cox Company Existing Land Uses • III 4

., . # T'll...
The City gfNevBern -North Carolina
i
Table III-1
Existing Land Use Summary
1992
Land Use Classification I Acres
Residential
3,714.5
Commercial
764.5
Industrial
736.3
Transportation & Utilities
32.0
Public/Institutional
382.6
Parks, Open Space Recreation
255.9
Vacant/Agriculture
5182.0
0
The Cox Company Existing Land Uses - IIT 5

I
Chapter IV
Review of Current Plans
Land Use Plan • 1992
The City of New Bern

C
1992 CAMA rand use Plan Update
71te City of New Bern • North Carolina
CHAPTER IV:
Review of Current Plans, Policies and Regulations
I, Local Plans, Policy Studies, and Regulations
The following plans, policy studies and regulations have been adopted by the City of New Bern. r
Several of the Plans are currently undergoing revisions and/or amendments.
A. CAMA Land Use Plan. City of New Bern. 1976.
' This document was the initial land use plan under CAMA regulations for New Bern.
B. CAMA Land Use Plan Update. City of New Bern. 1981.
' This document was an update of the 1976 Plan.
' C. CAMA Land Use Plan Update City of New Bern1987
This document is the most recent CAMA update.
' D. New Bern -Bridgeton -Trent Woods -River nd Thoroughfare Plan,1992
' This plan recommends the locations of roads and bridges for the New Bern area in an effort to
improve vehicular circulation and access.
' E. New Bern Urban Design Plan, 1990
Submitted by LDR International, Inc. to Swiss Bear. Inc., this plan provides an analysis of the
' existing conditions, a framework for urban design and development. recommendations for
improvements, and implementation strategies.
' F. Land Use Ordinance. February 1992
' Drafted by the City of New Bern Planning and Inspections Department, this document
encompasses permit approval, zoning ordinances, recreational and open space facilities,
utilities, floodways, signage, parking, landscaping, the historic district, the waterfront, and
' recreational hunting.
G. Waterfront Conservation and Development Plan. 1988
' This plan for New Bern, composed by Edward D. Stone, Jr. and Associates, outlines the existing
conditions and needs for waterfront redevelopment, including general site designs and
' recommendations.
' The Cox Company Review of Current Plans • IV-1

I992 CAMALand Use Plan Update The Cady gfNewBern -North Carolina
tH. Annexation Feasibility Study: New Bern. NC. 1978
' This plan includes an analysis of past and potentiaA growth patterns, the methodology and
purpose behind annexation and a cost/revenue summary.
' I. Public Transportation Feasibility Study City of New Bern and Surrounding Areas
This document studies possible alternative modes of public transportation. -A draft is expected
' to be compete in December of 1992.
H. State Agency Plans
A. Transportation Improvement Program. 1988-1996
' Prepared by the NC Department of Transportation, this document outlines the statewide
schedule of road improvements to be completed by the year 1996.
' B. LAMA Permitting Process
The CAMA permitting process is supported in the City. The CRC's administrative guidelines
' are the standards used to determine permitted uses. New Bern has a local ordinance regulating
local administration of the Minor CAMA Permit Program.
' M. Federal Regulations
A. 404 Wetlands Regulations
' The City recognizes the importance of protecting environmentally sensitive areas, which
includes those lands designated as wetlands by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. It is the
' policy of the City that all development within these areas conform to federal, state, and local
regulations and ordinances regarding development.
Summary
' The land classification policies of Chapter VIII of this document are written in order to
harmonize with existing regulations and policies regarding land use. reference to these land
classification policies is suggested while reviewing and updating the existing land use policies.
The Cox Company Review of Current Plans • IV-2
i
u

Chapter V.
Constraints: Land Use Suitability
I
L
L
Land Use Plan * 1992
The City of New Bern
F
r

1
I992 CANA Land Use Plan Update The City of New Bern - North Carolina
1
CHAPTER V:
' Constraints: Land Use Suitability
' The following section analyzes the general suitability of the undeveloped lands in the City of
New Bern and its surrounding Extra -Territorial jurisdiction. The accompanying maps
illustrate the location of the potential constraints to land development. The categories
' include:
1) Physical Limitations for Develo12ment including natural and man-made
hazard areas, areas with soil limitations, sources and estimated quantity and
quality of water supply, and areas containing excessive (>12%) slopes.
' 2) Fragile Areas including estuarine waters and estuarine shorelines, public
trust waters, 404 wetlands, areas identified by the North Carolina Natural
Heritage Program and other areas containing fragile resources not covered by a
' spec& regulation.
3) Areas with Resource Potential containing productive agricultural, forest,
' and fish/gamelands and other non -intensive outdoor recreation lands.
Much of the information contained in this chapter has remained unchanged since the 1987
' Plan due to the relative stability of geologic features and resources. The information has been
updated when necessary. Policies related to the hazard areas are contained in the Policy
Chapter under Section E (Coastal Storm Hazard Mitigation Planning Activities and Studies).
L Physical Limitations For Development
' A. Hazard Areas
' 1. Natural Hazards
The flood insurance rate maps (FIRMs) as dictated and outlined by the Federal
' Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) indicate that several areas within New Bern
are classified as Zone A. This classification designates areas which are subject to
inundation by a flood with a frequency of 100-years. Development in these areas may
' be costly either to human welfare or existing development. The accompanying map
identifies the following areas as lying within the 100 year flood limits:
- Neuse River. 9 feet above Mean Sea Level (MSL)
- Rennys Creek 9 feet above MSL
- Jack Smith Creek 9 feet above MSL
' - Trent River. 9 feet above MSL
Lawson Creek 9 feet above MSL
.' The Cox Company
Constraints: Land Suitability - V-I

2 992 CAMA Land Use Plan Update The City of Nety Bern • North Carolina
As stated in the 1987 Land Use Plan, a significant section of New Bern's developed areas lie
within the 100 year flood plain. The primary danger of flooding is due to hurricane storm
surges.
r
2. Man -Made Hazards
Currently the primary man-made hazards are limited to the use, production, storage
and/or transport of hazardous materials. The identification and location of these
sources can be found in the Craven County Multi -Hazards Plan. Currently, point source
and/or non -point source pollution is a major concern in the City. New Bern, in concert
with State and Federal agencies, is strictly monitoring the water quality of the Trent,
Neuse and other significant water bodies for dioxin and other contaminants.
B. Areas with Soil Limitations
A detailed soils report for New Bern and Craven County may be found in the Craven County
Soil Survey completed by the U.S. Geological Survey. Most of New Bern contains moderately or
marginally suitable soils. These soils pose constraints on construction of buildings and/or
roads. These constraints can usually be overcome by adequate drainage systems and design
practices. Much of the central business district contains soils considered suitable for
construction.
' This Survey also indicates several areas which contain poor to very poorly drained soils for
New Bern. These soils are generally not suitable for intensive urban uses requiring septic
drainage field installation and the construction of foundations. The soils falling into this
' limited development classification include: Dorovan Muck. Lafitte Muck, and Johnston and
Muckalee. These soils are primarily located in areas susceptible to flooding as specified by
FEMA. Development should be limited in these areas as indicated on the New Bern Land
' Classification Map. The policy section of this document contains growth goals and policies for
development which are sensitive to the constraints of the existing soils.
' C. Sources and Estimated Quantity and Quality of Water Supply
New Bern currently obtains its potable water from four wells capable of supplying six million
gallons per day (GPD). The treatment facility currently maintains a capacity of nine million
GPD. Peak public water usage falls in the range of 4-4.5 million GPD. The City utilizes three
500,000 gallon and one 300,000 gallon storage tanks.
D. Areas Where the Predominant Slope Exceeds 12 Percent
' New Bern currently contains only minor areas containing slopes of 12% or greater. The
primary areas with erosion potential are the shorelines of the significant waterways as
The Cox Company Constraints. Land Suitability • V-2
1

I992 CAMA Land Use Plan Update The City of Necv Bern • North Carolina
.1
outlined in Areas of Environmental Concern and the Storm Hazard Policy Section. At this
' time the City does not foresee the need for bulkhead construction or other slope stabilization
measures beyond the requirements set forth by the adopted ordinances.
' IL Fragile Areas
Fragile areas may be defined as areas which could sustain considerable damage from
' unplanned or otherwise inappropriate development. There are four defined fragile areas
existing in New Bern. They include: 1) Estuarine Waters, 2) Public Trust Waters, 3) Coastal
Wetlands and 4) Estuarine Shorelines. These waters are considered to be among the most
' productive natural environments within New Bern. The preservation and protection of the
estuarine waters and adjacent shorelines are strictly regulated both by established Federal
and State guidelines as well as via the policy statements specified in this document. Please
' refer to Section A of Chapter VIH for a comprehensive review of the fragile areas listed above.
A. Other Natural Resource Designations
Natural resource designations falling under this category include 404 Wetlands regulations as
identified by the Fish and Wildlife National Wetlands Inventory and the Threatened and
' Endangered Species Profiles.
Areas covered by water or those which contain waterlogged soils for the majority of the
' growing season as well as those areas containing plants capable of surviving under limited
oxygen conditions currently are categorized as 404 wetlands.
Currently several species are included in the "Threatened and Endangered Species Profiles of
North Carolina" and are listed under Category 3 (vulnerable).
' The North Carolina Natural Heritage Program and Plant Conservation Program have
categorized individual species which fall into four general headings: 1) vertebrates, 2)
' invertebrates, 3) vascular plants, and 4) nonvascular plants.
B. Cultural Resource Fragile Areas
' There are many significant historic and cultural resources in the City of New Bern. These are
identified by the North Carolina Department of Cultural Resources and are made pursuant to
' Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 and the Advisory Council on
Historic Preservation's Regulations for Compliance with Section 106, codified at 36 CFR Part
800.
Numerous structures have also been surveyed within the existing Historic District and
surrounding areas. Areas possessing archaeological significance are potentially important
I
and have been expanded and added to in the past five years.
IThe Cox Company Constraints: Land Suitability • V-3
r

I992 CAMA Land Use Plan Update The City of New Bern • North Carolina
1
III. Areas With Resource Potential
' A. Productive and Unique Agricultural Lands
' The primary concentration of productive agricultural lands is located near the northwestern
limits of the City. These areas are limited in size and productivity. Executive Order 96. issued
by the Governor in 1983, outlined the State's desire to promote the "conservation of prime
agricultural and forest lands" in compliance with the Federal Farmland Protection Policy Act
of 1980. Order 96 was prompted by the increasing development tension imposed on prime
agricultural lands. The resulting development often irreversibly damaged the lands resulting
' in the reduction of food and/or timber production.
The areas of prime farmland are characterized by soils which are best suited to agricultural
' production. These soils produce the highest yields with minimal inputs of energy and
economic resources. Farming these soils results in minimal damage to the environment. The
Craven County Soils Survey indicates three types of soils found in areas of prime farmland; 1)
' Altavista fine sandy loam, 2) Dogue fine sandy loam, and 3) Wickham loamy sand. The New
Bern Land Classification Map categorizes areas of prime farmland under the heading "rural."
Agricultural production does not significantly affect the economy of New Bem at this time.
' B. Forest Lands
' The City of New Bern and its extra -territorial jurisdiction also contain minimal areas of
prime forest land. Resource production resulting from timber harvesting has minimal
impacts on the economy of New Bern
' C. Productive Water Resources
The Neuse and Trent Rivers are considered valuable areas of resource potential. The
waterfront location and waterside amenities afford varied interaction for the citizens of the
community. Fishing in the waterways adjacent, and in close proximity to the City is limited
' primarily to recreational. This resource has been and will continue to be utilized in a manner
sensitive to both environmental impacts and the needs of the citizens.
D. Primary and Secondary Nursery Areas
The Division of Marine Fisheries has designated no primary, secondary and special secondary
' nursery areas in New Bern.
E. Mining Lands
The City of New Bern currently contains three active mining operations. The City intends to
' study the need for draft reclamation plans for abandoned or shut -down quarries and/or mines.
This intention is clearly explained in Chapter VIH, Goals, Objectives and Policies.
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Chapter VI.
Constraints. Carrying Capacity Analysis.
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' CHAPTER VI:
Constraints: Carrying Capacity Analysis
To assist the City of New Bern in determining its present ability to provide basic community
services, to anticipate future demand, and to identify deficiencies which will need attention, an
' examination of the following indicators has been undertaken.
' L Existing Water Supply
As stated in the previous chapter, New Bern currently obtains its potable water from four wells
' capable of supplying six million gallons per day (GPD). The treatment facility currently
maintains a capacity of nine million GPD. Peak public water usage falls in the range of 4-4.5
million GPD. The City utilizes three 500,000 gallon and one 300.000 gallon storage tanks.
' 2. Sewage Treatment Plant
' The City currently maintains a secondary wastewater treatment facility. The plant operates at
a capacity of 4.7 million GPD. The facility has recently been doubled in size and now serves
over 7,000 commercial and residential customers. The City currently supplies 97 percent of its
' residents with public sewer service.
3. Solid Waste
' New Bern currently utilizes the Craven County landfill for its municipal waste with the
exception of yard and wood waste. The City owns and maintains a disposal facility used solely
for this purpose. The City is under contract with American Refuse System for the disposal of
standard household waste. The City also offers curbside recycling under contract with
American Refuse System (ARS). New Bern is under contract with the Craven County for general
' disposal of waste. The current Ccunty landfill will be supplemented by a new regional facility
scheduled to open on October 1, 1993.
' 4. Schools
The City of New Bern and the Craven County school systems are currently combined. The
' system operates approximately twenty-three schools which serve all school -age cohorts. Out
of these twenty-three schools, students from New Bern primarily attend seven. The following
list contains the school name, grade range, enrollment as of the 1991-92 school year and the
' rated capacity of that school.
Name
Grades
Enrollment
Capacity
Bangert Elementary
K-5
440
528
Ben D. Quinn Elementary
K-5
461
528
Oaks Road Elementary
K-5
450
528
'
Trent Park Elementary
K-5
442
528
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1992 CAMA Land Use Plan Update The City of Nety Bern • North Carolina
Grover C. Fields Middle 6-8 626 1000
H.J. Mac Donald Middle 6-8 741 1304
New Bern Senior High 9-12 1526 1900
' The following chapter entitled Estimated Demand (VII) will indicate the reconditioning
and/or remodeling time frame for each school when applicable.
' 5. Library
There is currently one public library located within the New Bern city limits. The library
' facility is operated by Craven County. The original library was built in 1968 and housed
nearly 12,500 square feet of shelf space. The County recently completed an expansion of the
building (Jan. 1992) which doubled the space to approximately 25,000 square feet. The public
' library is staffed by fifteen full-time, five registered full-time and twenty part-time employees.
6. Police, Pyre and Rescue Services
' New Bern currently maintains a Police force of 69 sworn officers including the Police Chief
and 23 civilian dispatchers. The City also supports a Sheriffs department of 57 sworn
' officers.
The City utilizes 4 Fire Stations. The Main Station (#1) is located on Broad Street and the
' Satellite Stations are located as follows: Station #2--Fort Totten, Station #3--National
Avenue, Station #4--Elizabeth Avenue. Equipment in these stations is considered to be in
' good operating condition.
Rescue Squad services are provided by seven locations which are dispersed throughout the City
and the County. Six of the seven are manned by paid rescue workers. These facilities are
located in Bridgeton, James City, Fort Barnwell, Cove City, Vanceboro and Havelock. The
Craven Regional Medical Center supports the only volunteer Emergency Medical Service.
' The City and County have installed a "911 enhanced" system. This system is served by one
centralized system which utilizes back-up computers in New Bern, Havelock, and Craven
' County.
7. Primary Roads
The New Bern Thoroughfare Plan, originally adopted in 1978, has recently undergone
revision. A Draft Plan was revised in August of 1992. This original Plan was adopted by New
Bern, Trent Woods, River Bend and Bridgeton as well as the Board of Transportation. Several
of the recommended improvements will be the responsibility of the municipalities, while
others will fall on the Board of Transportation. A listing of the fast -tracked arterial
' improvements follows in Chapter VII, Estimated Demand.
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1992 CAMA Land Use Plan Update The City q f New Berri, North Carolina
8. General Transportation Systems
' The Craven County Regional Airport (Simons Nott) is located within two miles of the City
limits. This airport offers commuter air transport to some hubs on the east coast. The airport
is planning expansion to accommodate commercial jet traffic in the near future. The nearest
' railway station is also located in Wilson, with passenger service to all major east coast
destinations. Nationwide bus service in New Bern is provided by the Carolina Trailways Bus
' Service, located on Guion Street.
The planning for a major global transpark or air cargo facility, to be constructed in Kinston, is
' currently underway. The official master plan is scheduled to be completed by September of
1993. It is probable that this facility will have secondary impacts on support services as well
as residential housing starts. The City, in conjunction with other affected localities, shall
' examine the potential impacts of this facility on these secondary services.
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Chapter VII.
Estimated Demand
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1992 CAMA Land Use Plan Update
The City of New Bern • North Carolina
CHAPTER VH:
Estimated Demand
Population Growth and Impacts on Community Facilities
i
Chapter II. entitled "Existing Conditions," contains a thorough analysis of the existing
population counts and population projection based on the 1990 Census data. While 1990
Census data places the population at 17,363, more accurate and current figures supplied by the
Office of State Planning estimate 20,645 to be the correct figure. The difference in these
numbers is primarily the result of annexations that took place in June 1991.
The population base in New Bern has fluctuated over the past twenty years. Census figures
indicate a slow decline in population between 1960 and 1980. This is in contrast to the sharp
increase in population between 1980 and 1992. The maximum fluctuation occurred during the
past twelve years, during which the citizenry grew by nearly 42 percent. Craven County
population figures indicate a steady increase in population between 1960 and 1990. The
greatest percentage increase occurred between 1980 and 1990 when the population base grew by
just over 15 percent. Projections to the year 2000 indicate a continuing increase in population
for both the City and County.
These statistics indicate the need for clear, comprehensive and efficient coordination of
community facilities and growth management techniques over the ten year planning period.
The following section outlines the current status of New Bern community facilities as
measured by capacity versus future need indicators.
L misting Water Supply
Current capacities of the New Bern public water system indicate substantial resources
available for a sizable increase in population. The City will initiate and support an ongoing
effort to maintain and/or improve existing facilities over the ten year planning period. The
City currently has an excess production capacity of nearly two million gallons per day. The
need for progressive and comprehensive engineering studies, targeted at producing growth
options, will most likely arise in the next five to ten years. At this point the City will reassess
its capable production status and propose a five year plan.
2. Sewage Treatment Plant
The current rate of annexation which is being carried out by the City has resulted, and will
continue to result in the need for a continuous assessment procedure of wastewater production
versus processing capacity. Annexation may primarily be credited with the recent sizable
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1992 CANA Land Use Plan Update The City of New Bern • North Carolina
h
expansion of the treatment facility. The City has also completed an interceptor sewer service
which is now in use. The proposed ten year plan for sewage treatment reinforces the City's
commitment to supplying all areas within the New Bern limits with sanitary service. The City
also intends to maintain and/or update existing facilities as deemed necessary to uphold
current capacity ratings.
3 Solid Waste
Solid waste officials have scheduled the opening of a new regional landfill for October 1,1993.
This facility will serve Craven, Carteret, and Pamlico Counties. This facility is designed to
handle disposal needs for at least the next four years. Concurrently, the solid waste
authorities are studying the possibility of constructing a composting or incineration system
which would be scheduled to go online prior to the conclusion of the regional landfill's useful
life.
4 Schools
Recent demographic studies undertaken by the regional school system and the National
Census indicate aprobable increase in the school age cohort. Realistic projections are limited
to five years due to being unable to predict birth rate with acceptable accuracy. Local records
have indicated the reconditioning or remodeling of three schools utilized by New Bern
residents: Oaks Road Elementary. Trent Park Elementary, and Bangert Elementary. The
current ten year plan does not indicate any proposed expansion and/or facility renovation for
the seven schools most used by New Bern students. Based on the predicted school age
population increase over the coming years, it is critical that officials maintain avigil directed
at assessing the need versus demand ratio as it applies to education facilities.
S. Library
' Based on the recent library facility expansion from 12,500 square feet to 24,000 square feet,
the City does not see the need for further building improvements at this time. New Bern will
continue to support the purchasing of new volumes and other resources which will enable the
' facility to continue to expand its collection over the next five to ten years.
' 6. Police, Fire and Rescue Squad Services
As has been stated, the Police, Fire and Rescue Squad services have been linked by an
' "enhanced 911" service. While it is believed that facilities are adequate at this time, the
services foresee the expansion of personnel on a regular basis to adequately cover the predicted
increase in population over the next five to ten year planning period.
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1992 LAMA Land Use Plan Update
7. Transportation
The City of New Bern, North Carolina
The revised Thoroughfare Plan indicates a fast -track schedule, implementing both new
construction and revitalization for fifteen roads in and around the above mentioned
municipalities. These vehicular arteries are listed as follows: New John Lawson Bridge,
Williams Road/Brice's Creek Road Connector. Elizabeth Avenue, McCarthy
Boulevard/Commerce Drive Connector, High School Road, Bosch Boulevard, US 17 Bypass,
Clarks Road/Saunders Lane Realignment. Saunders Lane/Ipock Road, Plantation Drive
Extension, Lake Mere Drive Extension, Pine Wood Drive Extension, Tar Landing Drive
Extension, and Chelsea Road/South Glenburnie Land Development.
It is critical that the City maintains a "planning eye" directed at effects on traffic, pedestrian
patterns. land development and support services resulting from the slated highway and
secondary arterial improvements.
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Chapter VIII.
Goals, Objectives and Policies '
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1992 CANA Land Use Plan Update
Introduction
The City of Necv Bern • North Carolina
CHAPTER VIII:
Goals, Objectives and Policy Statements
New Bern's Land Use Plan is intended to be an expression of what the community wants to be
and what it wants to look like. Simply stated, it is both a "vision for our future" and a means of
achieving that vision. In pursuit of defining the vision, the foundation of the Land Use Plan
Update is its commonly -held goals and objectives for the City. Since all future land use
decisions will rest on this foundation, it is important these goals be clear. comprehensive, and
reflective of the community's desires and the State's legislative requirements. In turn, these
goals and objectives have been developed into statements of planning policy addressing the
specific land use issues which will affect New Bern during the upcoming ten year planning
period.
In preparing the Land Use Plan Update, the elected leaders of the City believe that when
establishing and adopting these policy statements regarding land use, the environment and
growth management are the most important parts of the planning process. In arriving at the
recommended set of policies, the Steering Committee was responsible for resolving many
conflicting issues and balancing the land planning objectives of the citizens with those
mandated by State and Federal guidelines. Further, great care has been taken to be responsive
to the needs of the Coastal Resource Commission and. specifically, the legislative guidelines of
the Coastal Area Management Act.
Policy Guidelines and CAMA Study Process
To assist in organizing and presenting the Plan's policy statements, the City has adopted the
Coastal Resource Commission's generalized topical categories. These categories provide an
excellent model for addressing areas of both local and State concerns while providing New
Bern with, broad flexibility in placing priorities on local land use issues. At the same time,all
policies adopted by New Bern into the 1992 Land Use Plan must be consistent with the overall
coastal policy adopted by the Coastal Resources Commission.
The City's major land use and development policies are organized into the following five policy
categories consistent with current CRC administrative guidelines (713 Planning Guidelines):
IThe Cox Company
A. Resource Protection
B. Resource Production and Management
C. Economic and Community Development
D. Public Participation
M Storm Hazard Mitigation and Recovery
Goals, Objectives and Policies • VW-1
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1992 CAMA Land Use Plan Update The City of New Bern • North Carolina
To the greatest extent possible, the City has made every effort to ensure that there is
' consistency among individual policies developed in each policy category. However, many
individual policy categories have overlapping, and potentially competing, impacts on other
adopted policies. The Steering Committee has given particular attention to individual policies
' in the resource protection, resource production and management, and economic and
community development categories. For each of the five major planning issue categories
subject to policy guidance, as outlined in T15A:07B .0203 of the State Code, the study process
' for the 1992 Land Use Plan has thoroughly examined the following considerations:
• the scope and importance of the land use issue as related to New Bern:
' in defining relevant land use issues, the Steering Committee, in
conjunction with the public participation process and citizen groups,
' examined those priority issues which will affect New Bern during the
upcoming 10 year planning period.
'a the range of alternative goals. objectives and policies which might be
applicable when addressing the particular land use issue:
' As the City considered potential policy. options for each planning issue
category, alternative scenarios and the impact of their outcomes were
' discussed based upon traditional and contemporary approaches to
addressing public policy issues. The analysis of existing land use
conditions, economic and population projections, and environmental
' considerations aided in formulating these options. The cost/benejlt of
policy impacts on .the City, including cost of providing services and
increased revenues generated from development, were analyzed Further,
' the short and long range impacts of City-wide social, political and
environmental implications of policy alternatives were closely weighed.
Those policy alternatives found to be incompatible with the City's overall
' planning goals and objectives have been eliminated from further
consideration.
' the specific policy deemed apRrropriate by the City for adoption into the
1992 Land Use Plan:
' The City's final selection and adoption of land use policies were based
upon an extensive land use and economic data analysis as well as a full
examination of the best possible alternative for each land use issue. These
' policy choices are set forth in the following sections of this chapter. The
Steering Committee has found that the recommended policies are
reasonable and achievable by the City government and are sensitive to the
I
fiscal constraints and the City's administrative system which will be in
place for the 10 year planning period.
IThe Cox Company
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1992 CAM Land Use Plan Update
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' recommended implementation strategies to ensure that the adopted land
use poflcy can be Waged into effect through reasonable actions by the public
and/or private sectors,
' In this document, the City presents the desired strategies and methods for
achieving the policies which have been adopted for the jive major land use
' issue categories. In addition, the following sections of this document
address the methods by which New Bern intends to implement the adopted
policy choices as well as a proposed time schedule for implementation.
Consideration of Policy Alternatives and Policy Implementation Schedule
Based on Coastal Resource Commission study requirements, a wide range of land use policy
options have been evaluated in order to ensure that any given issue has been fully explored.
' This process began with a detailed examination of past planning policies by the Steering
Committee. A public participation process was conducted to create the forum for the input of
all New Bern citizens. Extensive public meetings and work sessions focused on defining the
' range of options from which an optimal policy on given issues could be drawn.
At the conclusion of each of the following policy sections, there is a description of those
' policies considered during the planning process. but which have been eliminated. Those
policies which have been stricken from consideration, in some instances. may be revisited at
some future point in time. Other eliminated policies, after thorough examination within the
' context of the locality, were found to be inconsistent with CRC, State and Federal planning
requirements.
Ina number of cases, specific policies were not pursued because of their incompatibility with
the current trends in the City. Such policies usually involved the Committee making a choice
between perceived conflicts in (1) fully respecting private property rights and (2) imposing "too
' much government" on the people. Such conflicts take many forms when striving to establish a
unified and comprehensive "vision" for the City's future. There are those who promote
' expansive economic development without regard for the environment. On the other hand,
environmental activists oftentimes promote "no growth" agendas under the veiled guise of
ecological propriety. Further, public policy debates occasionally pit the interests of opposing
' social, economic and governmental factions. These debates exist in every community which
has ever undertaken a land use plan. Case history shows that, in most instances, there is no
"right answer," but, rather, far too frequently policies lean towards convenient. short-term
' political answers that are responsive to the most vocal of prevailing constituent interests.
This is not the proper way to plan.
' In the 1992 Land Use Plan Update, the Steering Committee has sought to resolve the complex
issues in a dignified fashion, while maintaining the central belief that New Bern has a strong
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1992 CAMA Land Use Plan Update The City of New Bern • North Carolina
and competent local governmental structure. This structure is founded on political and
' economic thought driven by the expressed needs of the local constituents. This philosophical
base fully respects State and Federal statutes related to land development and the
environment. The City promotes a pro -active land planning stance by taking the lead in
' guiding and managing local land use activities. New Bern currently employs zoning and
subdivision ordinances which are designed to maintain and/or improve the health, safety and
general welfare of the citizenry. to avoid unreasonable restrictions on personal property, and
to establish clear guidelines for growth.
Due to the strength and character of these existing regulations, including those for the Historic
' District, as well as the fact that the majority of the City is already developed and protected by
regulations, the policies in this Land Use Plan are appropriately supportive and encompassing
of these adopted regulations. The current regulatory background of the City of New Bern, as
' outlined in Chapter IV of this document. includes plans which govern not only land use, but
also the location of roads and bridges, urban design and development guidelines, provisions
for recreational facilities, open space. and waterfront development, historic preservation
' guidelines and other plans geared towards the establishment or improvement of community
facilities and amenities.
' The Steering Committee, in concert with input from the City Staff, has outlined a
recommended schedule for the implementation of the following adopted policies. Since the
implementation of many policies involve the pursuit. approval, and allocation of public
' funding, continued scheduling refinements, including the possible elimination of some
Implementation objectives, may be required. Further, certain implementation tasks and
' strategies outlined herein are considered to be "ongoing and continued actions" for which no
specific timeframe for execution is required for adoption.
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1992 CAS Land Use Plan Update
The City of Necv Bern • North Carolina
I Pot "ides or New Bern
Recommended Planning f
IA. Resource Protection Goals, Objectives and Policies
' In establishing goals and policies related to resource protection, New Bern has thoroughly
examined the various Areas of Environmental Concern (AECs) located within its jurisdiction
and has classified the categories of land uses which are appropriate for the City. For each class
' of land use, the Plan Update has carefully considered the specific rationale and reasons for the
recommended land uses. There are no Outstanding Resources Waters (ORWs) in the estuarine
system AECs of the City of New Bern, nor are there any ocean hazards AECs.
' In establishing the following goals, the physical constraints to land development in the City
have been analyzed pursuant to T15A: 07B .0202(c) of the Coastal Area Management Act.
' Further, uses for areas with cultural and historic value have been analyzed to determine what
will be the benefits and/or liabilities which will accrue to the City and its citizens by either
encouraging the development or preservation of these areas.
The City of New Bern contains four Areas of Environmental Concern in its estuarine system,
which are categorized as Public Trust Waters, Coastal Wetlands, Estuarine Waters and
' Estuarine Shorelines. Public Trust Waters are defined as "all waters of the Atlantic Ocean and
the lands thereunder from the mean high water mark to the seaward limit of state jurisdiction;
all natural bodies of water subject to measurable lunar tides and lands thereunder to the mean
' high water mark:" these waters are also defined as all navigable natural bodies of water except
privately owned lakes with no public access, and all water in artificially created bodies of
water with public rights of access and navigation. Public trust rights in regards to these waters
' include the right to navigate, swim, hunt, fish and enjoy other recreational activities, and also
to freely use and access public beach areas and shorelines (NCAC T15A: 07H.0207). Coastal
Wetlands are defined as "any salt marsh or other marsh subject to regular or occasional
' flooding by tides, including wind tides (whether or not the tide waters reach the marshland
areas through natural or artificial watercourses), provided this shall not include hurricane or
tropical storm tides." (NCAC T15A:07H .0205) Estuarine Waters are defined in G.S. 113A -113
' (b) (2) as "all the water of the Atlantic Ocean within the boundary of North Carolina and all the
waters of the bays, sounds, rivers, and- tributaries thereto seaward of the dividing line between
coastal fishing waters and inland fishing waters, as set forth in an agreement adopted by the
' Wildlife Resources Commission and the Department of Environment, Health, and Natural
Resources." The Estuarine Shoreline encompasses the area landward along the estuaries, bays,
sound and other brackish waters for a distance of 75 feet from the mean high water level or the
' normal water level. It is a policy of the State to conserve and protect water systems for the
benefit of the public.
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1992 CMM Land Use Plan Update
The City of New Berm • North Carolina
The Areas of Environmental Concern are listed as follows:
Public Trust Waters:
• The Trent River
• The Neuse River
• Lawson Creek
• Bachelor's Creek
• Renny's Creek
• Taylor's Creek
• Jack Smith Creek
• Haywood Creek
Coastal Wetlands:
' The sign f cant coastal wetlands are found along the Neuse and Trent
Rivers. The largest wetland is found at the confluence of the Trent River and
Lawson Creek. The second area is located on the western side of the NeuseRiver
' eastwardfrom the Rbodrow section of the City. Coastal wetlands may be found
along other waterbodies within the City's jurisdiction.
' Estuarine Waters:
• The Neuse and the Trent Rivers are the significant estuarine waters in
the area.
' Estuarine Shorelines:
• The estuarine shorelines encompass the area landward along the Neuse
' and Trent Rivers. They extend for a distance of 75 feet landward of the mean
high water mark of estuarine waters.
' AL Identify and address areas of the City and Extra -Territorial Jurisdiction with
land development constraints and guide appropriate and compatible land development
' activities.
a. Continue to support and amend existing land use ordinance regulations
' which appropriately regulate and control land development in areas with
identified physical constraints.
' b. Draft and adopt a Comprehensive Plan which would outline specific
alternatives and strategies for new development and/or redevelopment
' which are consistent with existing ordinances. These alternatives and
strategies would contain greater detail than those contained in the Land
Use Plan. The Comprehensive Plan process should begin within one year
' from the date of Land Use Plan adoption. The Comprehensive Plan is
intended to contain greater policy detail while remaining consistent with
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the adopted Land Use Plan, Land Use Ordinance, Urban Design Plan and
other applicable adopted planning tools.
c. As indicated in the adopted land use ordinance, all commercial, industrial,
institutional and residential subdivision development should be sensitive
to the character of prevailing soils types, flood prone areas and
physiographic conditions which impact septic tank use, private wells, and
construction feasibility. Update existing land use and zoning regulations,
when necessary, to complement New Berns Land Classification Map.
d. Draft a City Water and Sewer Plan which would direct future expansion,
and current maintenance of City water and sewer facilities. Prepare and
update water and sewer maps in conjunction with this Plan within two
years.
e. Develop and adopt administrative procedures for the Zoning
Administrator to review and report to the Board of Aldermen on land
development and/or land disturbing activities in AECs, and other areas of
development constraints.
f. Examine the potential for the future construction of marinas in the City
and Extra -Territorial Jurisdiction. Marina use, size and compatibility
will be dictated by the New Bern Table of Permissible Uses (Art. 10 of Land
Use Ordinance). Issues such as visual and aesthetic guidelines shall be
reviewed during special use permit applications. This construction may be
according to the following guidelines:
• the timing of marina construction involving dredging shall be
determined by Division of Marine Fisheries.
• Allfacilities associated with the marina shall be located so as to be
compatible with the visual and aesthetic qualities of existing
neighboring uses. Such facilities may include dry -storage areas,
concession stands and other such support systems.
g. Continue to support and update existing and study new alternative local
growth management techniques --such as zoning --which would provide for
the recognition and control of land use types, densities and development
criteria within areas having defined development constraints.
h. Continue to utilize the City's Urban Design Plan as a guide to appropriate
development techniques and locational criteria within its jurisdiction.
' L Recommend the development of a City-wide Stormwater Management
Study to assess current conditions and a Stormwater Management Plan
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1992 CANA Land Use Plan Update The City of New Bern • North Carolina
which would outline future expansion and maintenance of existing
' stormwater facilities. Establish a committee to pursue this task and to
complete recommendations within 18 months.
I
A2. Preserve and protect Areas of Environmental Concern (AECs) within New
Bern.
' a. Support and complement Coastal Resource Commission efforts to protect,
. preserve and manage Areas of Environmental Concern (AECs).
'
b.
Create new guidelines when necessary, and ensure that existing guidelines
for land development conform to the general use standards of the North
Carolina Administrative Code, as amended for development within the
'
defined estuarine system in and around the City.
c.
Support development in AECs only if such development meets the
'
management objectives in 15 NCAC 7H.0203 and the use standards in .0208
and .0209, as well as all terms of the New Bern Land Use Ordinance.
'
d.
Ensure that development within the estuarine shoreline does not
significantly interfere with existing public rights, usage and access to
navigable waters and other public resources. The City and potential
waterfront developers shall promote and develop methods directed at
establishing the continuity of a waterfront pedestrian promenade within a
'
one year timeframe from the adoption of this plan.
e.
Continue to support and amend existing land use ordinance standards to
ensure that any development within AECs does not weaken or eliminate
'
natural barriers to erosion.
f.
Ensure that all land development plans within AECs have evaluated all
'
possible alternatives to controlling pollution, limiting drainage, and
reducing other potentially negative impacts related to land use activities.
'
g.
Continue to study alternative local growth management techniques which
would provide for the controls, land use types, densities and development
'
criteria within AECs.
h.
Support studies relative to the identification of, and nomination procedure
'
for. expanded Areas of Environmental Concern under Section .0500 of 15A
NCAC 7H for other hazardous or fragile land areas. These areas include,
but are not limited to, freshwater swamps and marshes, 404 wetlands,
'
water supply areas, and other waters with special values, cultural and
historic resources, and manmade hazards.
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' i. Insure that development within areas impacted by AECs is consistent with
applicable City Plans and Ordinances.
A3. Preserve and protect natural, cultural, and historic resources within New
Bern.
' A locally designated Historic District Overlay Zone was enacted by the City of
New Bern in 1980 for the Downtown New Bern National Register Historic
District. The overlay zone prescribes various architectural standards and
guidelines for rehabilitation, new construction and demolition in the district.
In addition, the City has two National Register Districts - Riverside and Ghent.
Steps are currently being taken by neighborhood residents and the City to
designate Ghent as a local historic district overlay zone. Architectural surveys
are also underway in several of the City's historically African -American
neighborhoods. The result of these surveys will be used to develop conservation
strategies for those areas. The City supports the continued investigation,
surveying, and protection of cultural and historic resources within its
jurisdiction. In keeping with this approach, the City will undertake the
following policies over the next five to ten year planning period.
' a. Encourage land use proposals which will have no negative impact on
historic, cultural, and/or archaeological resources in the City and/or
Extra -Territorial Jurisdiction. These proposals shall be reviewed through
' the Section 106 review process as well as through the Historic Preservation
Commission and the State Historic Preservation Office.
' b. In cooperation with the New Bern Historic Preservation Commission,
State Preservation Office, and the New Bern Preservation Foundation,
review, revise and update the inventory of historic properties in the City
' and ETJ as needed.
c. Study the potential for the establishment of a land conservation fund or
' similar instruments which would protect areas of environmental,
recreational, and/or aesthetic importance by fee acquisition, dedication
and/or permanent easement. Recommendations to the Board of Aldermen
I
should be reported within six (6) months of the adoption of this plan.
d. Promote citizens' awareness programs and public educational
' opportunities for City historic and natural resources, including the
conservation, preservation and maintenance thereof.
' e. Continue to update the adopted Thoroughfare Plan which supplements the
NCDOT document. The New Bern Thoroughfare Plan should provide a
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1992 C4NA Land Use Plan Update The City of Nety Bern - North Carolina
critical path for corridor expansion and improvement within the City and
' Extra -Territorial Jurisdiction. Study the impacts created by the
realignment of existing traffic corridors, and assure that they are in
accordance with the applicable Plans and Ordinances.
1 f. Draft and adopt a Parks and Recreation Plan which would identify
potential locations for public -owned recreational facilities within two (2)
' years. Development of these facilities shall be in accordance with the Land
Use Ordinance and other applicable ordinances.
I
g. Support guidelines set forth by the National Register of Historic Places and
the local Historic District.
' h. Initiate the development of neighborhood plans working with
neighborhood residents to identify resources and problems in the
neighborhood and offering strategies to protect those resources and solve
' the problems within one (1) year of plan adoption. Synchronize this
process with the Comprehensive Plan to be initiated within one (1) year
from Land Use Plan adoption.
A4. Determine hurricane and flood evacuation needs and plans.
' a. Policy statements for hurricane and flood evacuation needs and plans, as
specified in Rule .0203(a)(6) of this Section are outlined in a separate policy
' category in this chapter.
A5. Protect the City's water supplies and potable water resources.
'
.
a. The City should make every effort to ensure that the protection of existing
and future potable water supplies and resources will be consistent with all
'
State and Federal policies and guidelines.
b. Prepare and periodically update a Water and Sewer Plan which would direct
future expansion and current maintenance of City water and sewer
'
facilities. Prepare water and sewer maps in conjunction with this Plan
within two (2) years.
'
c. Ensure that the City's land development review and inspection process
examines all land use proposals to determine their impact on the City's
potable water supplies and resources.
d. Support and promote land use requirements near groundwater sources as
'
regulated by the North Carolina Division of Environmental Management,
via N.CAC Subchapter 2L an
d Subchapter 2C.
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1992 CAMA Land Use Plan Update The City of Nero Berri • North Carolina
e. Support State efforts to remove leaking underground storage tanks (USTs)
and to restore adversely affected water supplies.
f. Support State regulations for the control of siting, construction and
maintenance of underground storage tanks.
g. Continue to support and update existing land use regulations which address
the control of underground storage tanks.
h. Support state and federal programs that regulate underground storage of
hazardous materials. Support regulations that require tightness testing for
existing tanks and construction standards for new tanks. Immediate
removal of leaking tanks shall be supported. Support establishment of a
state fund to stop tank leaks and to clean up affected water supplies.
I. Continue to support capacity use groundwater monitoring by the Division
of Environmental Management.
j . Continue the extension and maintenance of public water supplies and
distribution systems into selected areas of the City and its ETJ.
k. Develop citizens' awareness programs related to expanding water supplies
'
and distribution systems, including information promoting access to these
systems.
'
A6. Develop guidelines and policies for the use of sewer treatment package
plants in New Bern:
'
a. The City may permit the use of private package sewage treatment plants if
the associate development meets the following criteria:
'
• The said development is consistent with the City's policies and
ordinances.
• The system meets or exceeds the state and federal permitting
requirements.
• The project will have no adverse impacts beyond its boundaries.
• The perpetual operation and maintenance of the system is
'
guaranteed without obligation to the City in anyway.
' b. Prepare a Water and Sewer Plan which would direct future expansion and
current maintenance of City water and sewer facilities. Prepare and update
water and sewer maps in conjunction with this Plan.
1
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1992 CAMA Land Use Plan Update
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1
c. Private developers considering the use of private sewage treatment
' facilities, must provide adequate financial responsibility acceptable to the
Board to insure orderly maintenance and operation of the facility for the
life of the development for which it is intended to serve.
' d. Upon application for a development permit, a private package treatment
facility must be accompanied by environmental assessments and/or,
t documentation of assurances that all applicable State and Local health
requirements will be satisfied.
' e. Any application for a wastewater disposal system which is to be located in
the Extra -Territorial Jurisdiction shall be coordinated with New Bern
zoning, engineering, and building inspection officials. The County should
' not issue a wastewater disposal permit for a location within New Berns
jurisdiction without first receiving a zoning permit from the City. The City
and County should coordinate to assure that a waste water permit is not
' issued without a zoning permit.
f. All development and subsequent construction of wastewater facilities shall
I
be consistent with the regulations set forth by the New Bern Land Use
Ordinance.
' Other Resource Protection Policies for New Bern:
Pursuant to CAMA planning guidelines for Resource Protection Policies,
' certain additional issues must be addressed in the mandatory CRC approval
process for the Land Use Plan Update. Some of the following policies have lower
priorities than those hereinabove described due to the geographic location of
' New Bern relative to some of the other areas within the province of the Coastal
Resource Commission. Notwithstanding, these policies are deemed important
' to New Bern and are adopted into the Resource Protection policies of_ the
community.
A7. Stormwater runoff
The City recognizes the importance of private management of stormwater
' runoff associated with agriculture, residential/commercial development,
and its impacts on wetlands, surface water or other fragile areas. The City
will develop new and support existing guidelines and land development
criteria for stormwater management and runoff related to private and
' public land uses. The City supports State and Federal stormwater runoff
criteria applicable to land development. The City will consider drafting
and adopting a Stormwater Management Plan in support of existing State,
Federal and Local regulations.
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1992 CAMA Land Use Plan Update
The City q f Neap Bern • North Carolina
' AS. Marina and floating homes
Development standards for marina and floating home construction and
' dry stack storage facilities for boats, associated with or independent of
marinas, are important to New Bern from both an environmental and
economic standpoint. Resource protection policies for marina
' development are addressed elsewhere in this section. The City may
encourage the development of marinas and dry stack storage facilities at
appropriate locations provided that such development is consistent with
' other policies and/or ordinances including, but not limited to, the Table of
Permissible Uses (Art. 10 - Land Use Ordinance).
' A9. Industrial impacts on fragile areas
City policies related to industrial development impacts on fragile areas
' should be consistent with other Resource Protection policies as well as
general policies addressing Resource Development and Economic and
Community Development.
' A10. Development of sound and estuarine system islands
' A policy on the development of sound and estuarine system islands is not
applicable to New Bern.
' All. Restrictions on development within wetland loss and sea level rise areas
Policies relating to the restriction of development within areas up to five
' feet above mean high water that might be susceptible to sea level rise and
wetland loss is covered in the City Land Use Ordinance, as well as through
' other regulations, including any and all regulations addressing AEC
development and those areas within the jurisdiction of the Army Corps of
Engineers.
' Al2. Upland excavation for marina basins
' The City encourages the continued study of marina development guidelines.
Upland excavation for marina basins shall be consistent with all State and
Federal Guidelines.
' A13. The damaging of existing marshes by bulkhead installation
' When necessary. bulkhead installation should be conducted employing
appropriate construction and resource protection techniques. Where
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I992 CANA Land Use Plan Update The City of New Berri. • North Carolina
installation is required, development plans should consider every feasible
' alternative to minimize the damage to existing marshes.
I
Policy alternatives eliminated during the planning process:
The Land Use Plan Steering Committee has considered and addressed all issues
' and regulations set forth by the Coastal Area Management Act as indicated in
the "Land Use Planning Guidelines" of the North Carolina Administrative
Code, Subchapter 7A as amended in October 1989. The following policies have
I
been considered but not adopted by the Board of Aldermen and the Steering
Committee:
1. The City shall require a public access easement extending along waterfront
lots to be utilized for the purposes of a pedestrian promenade.
2. The owners/purchasers of waterfront lots shall provide for the
improvements required to complete a pedestrian walkway in accordance with
the Urban Design Plan.
3. The City shall require all development applications to include a detailed
environmental impact statement and 404 wetland survey.
Schedule for policy implementation by City:
The New Bern citizens, City Staff, and appointed and elected Officials shall
outline a schedule for the implementation of the above policies at the
appropriate time.
B. - Resource Production and Management Goals, Objectives and Policies
The City is acutely aware of the impacts of future land development on its existing resource
production base. The water and waterfront represents a productive natural resource in New
Bern which must be recognized in the Plan's land use policies. Policies directed at resources
such as agriculture and forestry apply mainly to the recently annexed areas of the City and
Extra -Territorial Jurisdiction.
Many of these lands came under the City's planning jurisdiction as a result of annexations
which took place in June 1991. Although lands which are presently used for agriculture or
' forest production may provide needed space for urban development in the future, the City
supports policies aimed at preserving and protecting environmentally and aesthetically
' sensitive forest and agricultural lands through encouraging techniques such as cluster
development.
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I992 CAMA Land Use Plan Update
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1
B1. Encourage sensitive resource management policies and implementation
techniques for productive agricultural lands in New Bern and the Extra -
Territorial Jurisdiction (ETJ).
a. Support State and Federal agricultural programs, where applicable, which
'
assist farming and aid in identifying prime agricultural lands in and
around New Bern. I
'
b. Ensure land use controls on agricultural lands that provide opportunities
for City or Extra -Territorial expansion and/or development as described
'
by the New Bern Land Classification System.
C. Study methods of preserving and protecting agricultural lands which are
'
located within the proposed Route 17 Bypass extension corridor.
d. Promote public awareness of agricultural Best Management Practices in
'
the City and surrounding areas, while encouraging farmers to implement
such practices to the benefit of their natural resource production activities.
'
e. Encourage the initiation of effort by the Agricultural Extension Service
and the Chamber of Commerce to work with the locality to develop farm
markets targeted at benefiting local farmers.
'
L Support cluster development as mandated by the Land Use Ordinance when
'
deemed appropriate.
g. Continue to promote use -value assessment as a means of preserving the
'
farming base and encourage farmers owning parcels of 10 acres or more to
apply for use -value assessment.
' h. Continue to support and amend alternative land use guidelines, such as the
Land Use Ordinance which ensure that the subdivision of agricultural land
can be optimally achieved without adversely impacting adjacent
' agricultural lands.
i. Employ the Land Classification System to encourage and guide the location
' of intensive land development activities in areas of the City and the Extra -
Territorial Jurisdiction which are currently served by public utilities (or
may be served in the future). Discourage leap -frog subdivision of active
' agricultural lands in remote areas of the City and/or Extra -Territorial
Jurisdiction and support existing cluster development' alternatives.
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1992 CAMA Land Use Plan Update
The City Qf New Bern - North Carolina
B2. Encourage forestry as a valuable natural resource industry and preserve
and protect the City and Extra -Territorial Jurisdiction forest lands in
areas as described by the Land Classification Map.
' a. Support State and Federal forestry programs which assist City (where
applicable) and Extra -Territorial Jurisdiction commercial forests and the
forestry industry.
' b. Ensure land use controls on commercial forest lands that provide
opportunities for City or Extra -Territorial expansion and/or development
' as described by the New Bern Land Classification System.
c. Promote public awareness of forestry Best Management Practices in the
' area, while encouraging the private forestry industry to implement such
practices to the benefit of their natural resource production activities.
' d. Future public improvements should be planned and financed using fiscal
mechanisms which avoid adverse tax impacts on the owners of prime
forestry lands where such lands will not directly benefit from the planned
' public improvements.
e. Continue to promote use -value assessment as a means of preserving the
' forestry resource base and encourage owners of parcels of 10 acres or more
to apply for use -value assessment.
' f. Continue to support and explore alternative land use guidelines and
subdivision regulations which ensure that the subdivision of forestry land
can be optimally achieved without adversely impacting adjacent forestry
lands.
' g. Employ the Land Classification System to encourage and guide the location
of intensive land development activities in areas of the City and Extra -
Territorial Jurisdiction which are served by public utilities and facilities.
' while discouraging leap -frog subdivision of active forestry lands in areas
without City services.
' h. Support an amendment to the zoning ordinance to foster forestry operators
in the more undeveloped areas of the City to maintain vegetative buffers
between cleared areas and major public roadways to preserve and enhance
entries into the City.
i. Encourage replanting of areas within the City and Extra -Territorial
' Jurisdiction cleared for timber.
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1992 CAMA Land Use Plan Update
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B3.
Support. encourage and protect the City's commercial and recreational
'
fishing and other water -based resources and production activities.
a.
Commercial and recreational fishing resources and production activities,
including nursery and habitat areas, and trawling activities in estuarine
'
waters, are recognized as important contributors to the economy of New
Bern.
'
b.
Policies, strategies and implementation programs designed to protect and
enhance commercial and recreational fishing activities in the Trent and
'
Neuse Rivers, as well as related tributaries, shall be supported by the City.
c.
The City may initiate studies which consider appropriate marina siting
'
criteria which serve to maintain and protect important nursery areas.
These criteria are outlined in the Resource Protection section.
'
d.
The City should actively support State efforts to reduce nutrient loading in
the surrounding surface waters, which include consideration of more
stringent restrictions on nitrogen discharges and enhanced regulations
controlling the disposal of animal wastes.
e.
Utilize the Urban Design Plan and other applicable plans and/or
'
ordinances to review the need for and the most appropriate location of
additional public river access sites in the City.
'
f.
Utilize the Land Classification System to recognize and establish
minimum protective buffers along waterways where adjacent lands have
soils and development constraints which create adverse environmental
impacts.
In order to encourage the productivity of New Bern aquiculture, studies
shall be initiated within 18 months of plan adoption as part of a
stormwater management plan which examine opportunities for locally
' initiated land development guidelines for freshwater runoff and fecal
coliform pollution in order to reduce the detrimental impacts on the City's
estuarine waters.
' Other Resource Production and Management Policies for New Bern.
' Pursuant to CAMA planning guidelines for Resource Production and
Management Policies, certain additional issues must be addressed in the
mandatory CRC approval process for the Land Use Plan Update. Some of
' the following policies have lower priorities than those hereinabove
described due to the geographic location of New Bern relative to some of the
' The Cox Company Goals, Objectives and Policies • VIII 17
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1992 CAMA Land Use Plan Update
The City of New Bern: • North Carolina
other areas within the province of the Coastal Resource Commission.
Notwithstanding, the following policies are deemed important to New Bern
and are adopted into the Resource Production and Management policies of
the community.
B4. Mineral production areas
' Limestone is currently the primary mineral resource in the New Bern
planning area. The stone is currently mined by three operations. In the
event of quarry shut -down, the City will pursue steps targeted at
' reclamation of the mine at the appropriate time. New Bern will also study
potential recreational use alternatives for the reclaimed land.
B5. Off -road vehicles
The City Code restricts the use of off road vehicles except on roadways open
'
to motor vehicles and where signs permit use.
B6. Residential, commercial and industrial land development impacts on any
'
resources
The relevant policies related to land development impacts on natural
'
resources are fully addressed in other policy sections of this document.
Policy alternatives eliminated during the planning process:
'
The Land Use Plan Steering Committee has considered and addressed all
issues and regulations set forth by the Coastal Area Management Act as
indicated in the "Land Use Planning Guidelines" of the North Carolina
Administrative Code, Subchapter 7A as amended in October 1989. The
following policies have been considered but not adopted by the Board of .
'
Aldermen and the Steering Committee:
1. The City shall actively pursue reef development programs to support fish
'
habitat at artifical reefs through the State's Division of Marine Fisheries.
Schedule for policy implementation by City:
The New Bern citizens, City Staff. and appointed and elected Officials. shall
'
outline a schedule for the implementation of the above policies at the
time.
appropriate
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1992 CAMA Land Use Plan Update The City of New Bern • North Carolina
C. Economic and Community Development Goals, Objectives and Policies
New Bern strongly supports the ongoing implementation of responsible economic and
community development projects throughout the area. Further, in light of the current
' economic downturn in the national and regional economy, the City's encouragement and
active support of local employment generating land uses are considered to be an important goal
of the 1992 Land Use Plan Update. The New Bern Land Use Ordinance establishes the types of
' development that are encouraged and permitted within its planning jurisdiction. The
ordinance institutes a three-tier permitting process (i.e., zoning, special use, and conditional
use permits) aimed at evaluating each development based on a set of established findings. In
' addition, the City has an active downtown revitalization program that is carried forward with
the assistance of the private sector and non-profit groups such as the Swiss Bear Downtown
Redevelopment Corporation and the New Bern Preservation Foundation. The City is
' committed to its Urban Design Plan which was adopted in December of 1990. This Plan serves
as a blueprint for downtown, and Five Points development over the next ten years. New Bern
also has a Community Development Block Grant Program aimed at neighborhood
' improvements. In addition. the County has a full-time industrial recruiting organization. An
industrial park containing vacant space is located near the City.
'
C1. General City goal for economic development:
The City encourages and supports all types of economic development land
'
uses which are in accordance with all applicable ordinances and which can
be shown to complement, and not adversely impact, the existing
demographic, economic and environmental base within New Bern.
'
C2. General City commitment to provision of supporting services to economic
'
development:
The City is committed to providing appropriate levels of public services,
'
facilities and infrastructure, both in the City and the Extra -Territorial
Jurisdiction, in support of economically and environmentally viable
commercial and industrial development. As part of the 1991 annexation
agreements, the city will provide public infrastructure improvements in
'
accordance with existing City policies and North Carolina General
Statutes.
'
C3. General locational and development characteristics for economic
development activities, including redevelopment:
'
a. Encourage location of new commercial/retail uses in vacant commercial
buildings Downtown and the Five Points and Railroad Depot areas. Ensure
'
that this development is in accordance with the Urban Design Plan and the
Land Use Plan.
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1992 CANA Land Use Plan Update
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' b. Support the Swiss Bear Downtown Redevelopment Corporation and the
New Bern Preservation Foundation in their revitalization and
redevelopment efforts.
' c. Encourage new residential, commercial and recreational development to
take the form of infill in the Downtown, Five Points and Railroad Depot
' areas as prescribed by the Urban Design Plan and the Land Use Ordinance.
d. Promote funding for and implementation of Downtown revitalization
' through the Swiss Bear Corporation and the New Bern Preservation
Foundation in an effort to attract new development to the Central Business
District.
' e. Continue to apply for funding for local housing improvements under the
Community Development Block Grant program. Attempt to expand the
' local contribution to increase the competitiveness of the application.
f. Make use of the HUD sponsored HOME program and other programs funded
I
through the North Carolina Housing Finance Agency (NCHFA) which are
used to upgrade existing neighborhoods.
I
g. Continue to support and fund development of affordable housing in the New
Bern area.
I
h. Continue to pursue revitalization of the Five Points area in accordance
with the schedule outlined in the Urban Design Plan.
' i. Pursue the establishment of a local non-profit housing development
corporation within six (6) months of plan adoption that would assist in the
rehabilitation and new construction of affordable housing units within the
' city.
j. Continue to encourage a variety of choice in existing neighborhoods
' through a balance of preservation, rehabilitation and new development.
k. Continue to ensure enforcement of housing construction and maintenance
codes. Explore alternatives to demolition of substandard housing.
1. The City emphasizes the importance of locating new economic
' development in and around the existing urban area where public
infrastructure and acceptable transportation systems already exist or
where such infrastructure and systems can be reasonably extended.
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1992 CANA Land Use Plan Update
The City of Neuv Bern: • North Carolina
m. Undertake a Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy (CHAS) to
' assess the City's housing needs; provide strategies for meeting those needs.
n. The City places priority on encouraging new economic development which
' provides employment -intensive opportunities for the local work force,
and, in particular, offers viable job opportunities for the youth and
unemployed of New Bern.
o. The City encourages the redevelopment and revitalization of existing
underutilized industrially and commercially developed areas as described
by the Urban Design Plan, placing an emphasis on (1) improving those
areas which currently exhibit deleterious environmental and visual
impacts, and (2) increasing development densities on properties which are
capable of supporting higher land use intensities without being deleterious
to the environment and public infrastructure. In an effort to achieve these
goals, the City will, when possible, maintain active contact with absentee
land owners.
p. Continue to enhance pedestrian interaction with the Trent and Neuse River
waterfronts through the construction of a pedestrian promenade extending
from Hancock Street to Linden Street. Continue to :apply for funding
dedicated to enhancement of waterfront area and promote public
interaction by sponsoring and/or supporting periodic festival/market
events.
q. The City remains committed to developing design standards and an
implementation schedule for infrastructure and streetscape improvements
for the Downtown and Five Points area as outlined in the City's Urban
Design Plan.
r. Evaluate and amend current subdivision regulations as needed to provide
incentives for the creation of pedestrian linkages between residential and
non-residential developments such as walkways and bicycle paths as a
means of encouraging alternative modes of transportation.
s. Support State and Federal incentive programs aimed at preserving
minority -owned family farms.
C4. Commitment to jurisdictional, regional, State and Federal economic
development activities:
a. The City will continue to provide leadership for commercial and industrial
' growth by supporting local, regional and State public interest groups
concerned with economic development.
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1992 CANA Land Use Plan Update
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b. Continue to support the Chamber of Commerce in their efforts to market
the City's commercial and industrial sites.
c. Examine possible development opportunities within the Extra -Territorial
Jurisdiction. i
d. Study opportunities for potential future annexation. Draft and adopt
'
Annexation Plan in conjunction with land development master scheme as
shown on the Land Classification Map.
'
e. Pursue expansion of existing Extra -Territorial Jurisdiction within one (1)
year of plan adoption.
f. Continue to support and provide public information pertaining to groups
such as the NRCOG. the Regional Development Institute, and the Small
'
Business Institute at East Carolina University, which provide assistance to
economic development projects.
' g. The City remains committed to State and Federal programs in planning
areas related to community and economic development; including erosion
control, public access, and highway improvements.
' h. Draft and adopt a Comprehensive Plan. Initiate this Plan within one (1)
year of the Land Use Plan adoption.
i. Encourage the Craven -Pamlico County Transportation. Committee to
conduct a Transportation System Management Study (TSM) directed at
' studying the impacts of the proposed route 17 Bypass on secondary roads
and other arterial connectors.
'
M Tourism:
a. Continue to study and pursue programs aimed to promote and enhance
'
levels of tourism and related development opportunities in the City.
b. Support and promote the Downtown and waterfront areas as potential
'
locations for seasonal/annual festivals. markets and recreational
activities.
c. Continue to support the activities of local and regional public interest
groups responsible for promoting tourism in the City such as the Chamber
'
of Commerce and the Convention and Visitors Bureau. Utilize the Tourism
Marketing Plan to develop strategies for promotions and other touri
st
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I992 CAMA Land Use Plan Update The City of New Beat • North Carolina
related events.
'
d.
Support efforts to develop an annual calendar of special events to be held
throughout the City. Publicize monthly listing of events in appropriate
'
local, regional and national publications.
C6.
Coastal and estuarine water beach access:
'
a.
Enhance opportunities in the City for Trent and Neuse riverfront access
and continue to undertake active efforts to increase such access to public
'
trust waters.
b.
The City shall continue to provide for the diverse recreational needs of the
'
permanent and peak seasonal populations as well as tourists by supporting
the design and construction of extensive waterfront amenities and access
points in Lawson Park as well as Union Point Park. The City will also
remain active in its support of other Tourist amenities such as the Tryon
'
Palace Historic Sites and Gardens, Civil War Museum and numerous
festivals and other civic activities. It is also important to note that the New
'
Bern Urban Design Plan was drafted with a critical sensitivity to
supporting tourism and regional activities.
'
c.
Methods of attracting the City's permanent and seasonal population to the
pedestrian amenities along the Trent and Neuse Rivers should be studied
and pursued. This study should be guided by the Tourism Marketing Plan.
d.
Estuarine water access must comply with State standards for access
locations as expressed in 7M .0303. These access areas should be studied
and indicated on maps which could be incorporated into the Land Use Plan
at some time.
' e. Study the feasibility of identifying, selecting and developing additional
sites for public access on the Trent and Neuse Rivers and Lawson Creek.
This study should be conducted within a two (2) year timeframe as part of
' the Recreation and Parks Plan.
' L Continue to undertake efforts with the State Division of Coastal
Management and Office of Water Resources to obtain public trust water
access assistance in funding the planning, land acquisition and site
development of these Improvements. Any such improvements should be in
accordance with the Urban Design Plan and the Waterfront Conservation
and Development Plan.
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I992 CAMA Land Use Picot Update
The City gf'Nety Bern: • North Carolina
g. The City will encourage the future extension of the waterfront pedestrian
promenade, and may purchase certain areas where deemed appropriate for
this extension.
C7. Land use trends and management policies related to future City/Extra-
Territorial Jurisdiction growth:
a. Employ the Land Classification Map as a means of selecting and
designating appropriate areas of the City for future commercial, industrial
and other economic development land uses.
b. Participate in the extension of infrastructure into the Extra -Territorial
Jurisdiction as a catalyst for growth.
c. Utilize the Land Classification Map at the Committee level to guide growth -
related land use decisions in areas most conducive to commercial and
industrial development, while employing the Map to discourage intensive
economic development activities in remote areas of the City which are not
currently served by adequate public facilities and public access.
d. Continue to provide for the orderly growth and economic viability of land
' development in the City by supporting and updating existing land use
guidelines which ensure the public's health, safety and general welfare.
e. Continue the use of zoning as a mechanism to select, designate, and reserve
optimal economic development sites for future industry and commerce.
f. Continue to -study the most appropriate means by which to link land use
density requirements to the City's Land Classification Map.
g. Continue to utilize zoning practices to establish appropriate controls for
the location. density and standards for land uses.
h. Continue to support and amend entrance corridor overlay districts so as to
provide for the orderly development and .aesthetic enhancement of the
City's entranceways.
I. Discourage the development of any future landfill operations in New Bern
or the Extra -Territorial Jurisdiction
j . Support the development and enhancement of urban waterfront areas,
while ensuring such projects are compatible with all local, State and
Federal environmental requirements.
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k. Continue to support and amend existing subdivision ordinance provisions
so as to preserve the rural character of the City's outlying areas.
' 1. The City will be pro -active in pursuing state and federal assistance and
other methods of funding to be utilized for revitalization and other
improvements as deemed appropriate.
' m. Establish and maintain a Capital Improvements Budget Plan within two
(2) years of plan adoption.
n. Coordinate with NCDOT to ensure that roads and streets in the City are
adequately maintained and upgraded in a fashion consistent with the
City's Land Use Ordinance and the 1992 Land Use Plan's land use
objectives.
I
o. Initiate the development of uniformed signage for all City -owned and
maintained facilities within one (1) year of plan adoption.
' p. Work with the Craven - Pamlico County Transportation Committee and the
State Department of Transportation in an effort to reestablish scheduled
railroad passenger service between New Bern and Beaufort. Seek financial
support through the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act
("ISTEA") funds and other sources.
C7. Policies relating to Transportation and Vehicular Access Design Standards
a. The City supports and promotes the efforts of the Craven -Pamlico County
Transportation Committee to ensure that the Trent River Bridge is retained
and improved to provide a direct vehicular linkage between Downtown New
Bern and U.S. Highway 70.
b. Take proactive steps to develop a series of comprehensive design guidelines
for buildings, signage, and landscaping along the City's primary
entranceways within one (1) year of plan adoption.
c. Evaluate and amend current subdivision regulations to provide incentives
for the creation of pedestrian linkages between residential and non-
residential developments such as walkways and bicycle paths as a means
of encouraging alternative modes of transportation.
d. Continue to investigate the feasibility of a public transportation bus
system within the City. Pursue recommendations found in the New Bern
Public Transportation Feasibility Study.
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1992 CANNA Land Use Plan Update
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Other Economic and Community Development Policies for New Bern.
Pursuant to CAMA planning guidelines for Economic and Community
Development Policies, certain additional issues must be addressed in the
mandatory CRC approval process for the Land Use Plan Update. Some of
the following policies have lower priorities than those hereinabove
described due to (a) the prevailing attitudes of the City's citizenry and
related political influences, and (b) the geographic location of New Bern
relative to some of the other areas within the province of the Coastal
Resource Commission. Notwithstanding, the following policies are deemed
important to New Bern and are adopted into the Economic and Community
Development Policies of the community.
CS. Channel Maintenance
New Bern continues to support State and Federal efforts to maintain
channels for navigation. The City also supports the private maintenance
of channels providing that such action is in accordance with all local, state
and federal environmental regulations.
'
C9. Energy Facility Siting
The siting of Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) energy facilities is not an issue
.'
with the City at this point in time. If such facilities were proposed, they
would be evaluated for consistency with the City's Land Use Ordinance and
other applicable local, state and federal development standards.
The development of electric generating plants is not an issue with the City
at this time.
'
Policy alternatives eliminated during the planning process:
'
The Land Use Plan Steering Committee has considered and addressed all
issues and regulations set forth by the Coastal Area Management Act as
indicated in the "Land Use Planning Guidelines" of the North Carolina
'
Administrative Code, Subchapter 7A as amended in October 1989. The
following policies have been considered but not adopted by the Board of
'
Aldermen and the Steering Committee:
1. Waterfront land owners shall provide a public access easement adjacent
'
to the shoreline and shall provide improvements resulting in a pedestrian
the Urban Design Plan.
promenade in concert with
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1992 C"A Land Use Plan Update The City of New Bern • North Carolina
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Schedule for policy implementation by City:
The New Bern citizens, City Staff. and appointed and elected Officials, shall
outline a schedule for the implementation of the above policies at the
appropriate time.
D. Public Participation Goals, Objectives and Policies
Public participation has provided the cornerstone for the 1992 Plan Update. The City Board of
Aldermen believes that the greatest value of citizen participation in the planning process is
that it allows each member of the community the opportunity to influence governmental
decision - making. In order for the 1992 Land Use Plan Update to be an effective policy
document, it must accurately represent the ideas, attitudes, and concerns of the residents. By
preparing a Land Use Plan Update which is integrally tied to its precedent goals, objectives and
policies, the old adage that "a locality can be no better than it aspires to be" is underscored.
In this regard, an intelligent and comprehensive plan cannot be structured without the
direction of the locality's vision for its future. The Committee has recognized that this vision
must come from the residents of New Bern. To achieve this end, at the outset of the planning
process, the Planning Steering Committee designed a Public Participation Plan setting forth
the specific methodology to be used by the City in its effort to achieve this essential
representation of its citizens.
The previously adopted Public Participation Plan and other documentation related to the
City's ongoing citizens' involvement strategies are included in the Appendix of this document.
D 1. Steering Committee:
The Steering Committee was officially designated by the City Board of
Aldermen and City Staff as the lead representative for obtaining citizen
input to the planning program and reporting that information to the
Mayor and Board of Aldermen. In this effort, the Steering Committee was
responsible for investigating land use issues, analyzing past City planning
policies, preparing public news releases, organizing citizen meetings,
conducting work sessions to discuss policy options, presenting alternative
goals and objectives to the citizens, and synthesizing the community input
into a consolidated set of goals, objectives and policies for adoption into
this document.
D2. Public notification of the planning process:
During the preliminary stages of the 1992 Land Use Plan Update process,
all City citizens were provided periodic official notices that the planning
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1992 CANA Land Use Plant Update
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process was underway. Local news media were used to inform the public of
the time and location of the Steering Committee work sessions and
monthly Planning and Zoning Board meetings. These notices were also
used to encourage citizen attendance and participation in the planning
process in order to provide an avenue for the expression of their attitudes
and feelings regarding land use issues in the City. The public was informed
of when and where they could voice their concerns. As the Land Use Plan
process matured, periodic updates, outlining completed and pending tasks
and policy -related decisions, were made available to the citizenry for
ongoing review.
D3. General public information on the planning process:
The Steering Committee drafted and distributed regular official notices of
the Land Use Plan Update process via the Sun Journal. A reporter from this
publication was periodically informed by the City Planner of the progress
and status of the Land Use Plan Update.
D4. Policy Critique Questionnaire:
The Land Use Steering Committee was asked to complete a "Policy Critique
Questionnaire." This document, prepared by the City's consultants,
provided a format for the examination of and revision to the 1987 Land Use
Plan's policies and implementation recommendations. This "Policy
Critique Questionnaire" was subsequently distributed to the Steering
Committee for use in their evaluation and formulation of new policies for
inclusion in the Plan Update.
' D5. Public Attitudinal Survey:
Citizen involvement in the planning process was solicited via a "Citizens'
' Survey." This questionnaire was designed by the City's consultants and
was thoroughly reviewed by the Steering Committee and City Staff prior to
its distribution. The survey was printed in a concise format, ensuring ease
' of distribution and use by City residents. This survey document was
particularly useful in allowing the residents to register their individual
concerns pertaining to the character. degree and pattern of population
' growth as well as future land use issues for the City.
' The surveys were directly distributed via the City utility bills, and were
made available at City Hall. The general findings and statistical results of
this survey are presented in an Appendix of this document.
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_ 1992 CAMA Land Use Plan Update The City of Nero Bern • North Carolina
D6. Participation of public interest groups:
In an effort to reach the greatest audience. representatives from various
public interest groups were asked to regularly attend Steering Committee
meetings and report back to their membership. These representatives were
given both the "Policy Critique Questionnaire" and the "Citizen Survey" to
distribute and/or review with their group members.
D7. Synthesis and incorporation of public participation input into 1992 Land
Use Plan Update:
The City of New Bern officials understood the great value and necessity of
comprehensive public participation in the planning process. Community
participation was viewed as an opportunity which should continue through
every phase of the Land Use Plan Update and subsequent City decisions
related to land use. An initial Public Hearing was held for the purposes of
reviewing and critiquing the Public Participation Policy section of the
Land Use Plan Update. This hearing was conducted during a regularly
scheduled Steering Committee meeting.
In most cases, both the Steering Committee and the Planning and Zoning
Board reserved time on their agenda at each regular monthly meeting to
obtain citizen comments on in -progress working papers and the Plan. At
least one member of the Steering Committee attended each Planning and
Zoning Board meeting and then reported pertinent information to the
Steering Committee. The Committee feels that a representative profile of
the City's constituency has aided in formulating a clear and attainable
vision for the future of New Bern.
In summary, the primary purpose of this Public Participation Plan is to
inform, educate and involve the citizens as fully as possible in matters
related to land use planning, in New Bern. In pursuit of this purpose, this
participation process was intended to remain flexible in format and
execution, while giving every New Bern citizen the opportunity to take part
in this democratic process.
DS. Ongoing public participation in the City's governmental planning
activities and land use review process:
The City is committed to ensuring that all citizens have the opportunity to
continue to participate in the planning process subsequent to the adoption
of the 1992 Land Use Plan. To this end, the following policies and strategies
will be carried out by the City:
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1992 CAMA Land Use Plan Update
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a. Official notification of all City Steering Committee hearings involving
land use issues will be placed in the local media.
b. The City Staff will provide the local media with public interest
information to assist and ensure the preparation of accurate and timely
articles concerning land use, economic development and community -
related issues.
c. The City will establish appropriate study committees, on a case -by -case
basis, to further investigate evolving land use issues as well as other policy
directives as outlined in the 1992 Land Use Plan.
E. Storm Hazard Mitigation, Post -Disaster Recovery and Evacuation Planning Goals,
Objectives and Policies
Storm hazard mitigation policies for New Bern are a mandatory requirement of the Coastal
Area Management Act and are included in the 1992 Land Use Plan. As related to contemporary
land use issues in New Bern, CAMA's primary aim in establishing these policies is to ensure
that the City government fully recognizes the need to promulgate reasonable guidelines for
land development so that the risk of damage to property and the threat of harm to human life
from coastal storms is kept to a minimum.
The Board 'of Aldermen fully recognizes that New Bern faces the potential threat of major
storms. While there has been a reduction in the overall frequency and severity of significant
coastal storms over the .past several decades, this does not diminish the reality of the resulting
havoc when the long predicted "big one" finally, but predictably, arrives.
Although New Bern does not have the direct coastal exposure of many other CAMA
communities, the City's estuarine areas are considered to be significantly threatened by
hurricanes and tropical storms. Currently, approximately 2000 developed acres lie within the
floodplain surrounding the City. The 1987 Land Use Plan included a Storm Hazards Planning
and Mitigation section as well as a Post -Disaster Recovery and Evacuation Plan. These
sections will be updated and revised in this document and are according to the amended CAMA
regulations.
In preparing the updated policies for the 1992 Land Use Plan, the 1987 Land Use Plan studies
were thoroughly reviewed in the context of (a) updated CAMA policies for storm hazard
mitigation and (b) its application to this document. While not specifically presented in the
format of the new CAMA policy guidelines, the 1987 studies were found to be consistent in most
areas with the recently amended CAMA code and is referenced herein as being the source of the
most current and competently researched plan of action to date on this issue. The 1987 Land
Use Plan presents considerable background data which remains relevant, applicable and, to a
limited extent, is hereinafter incorporated by reference.
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1992 CAMA Land Use Plant Update The City of New Berri - North Carolina
For storm hazard management and planning purposes, there are three categories of impacted
' land in New Bern which must be considered in preparing policies: (1) Areas of Environmental
Concern, (2) areas subject to flooding. and (3) areas with highly erodible soils. The AECs in the
City are defined as public trust areas, estuarine waters and shorelines and coastal wetlands.
Areas which are subject to flooding generally adjoin the AECs. Floodprone areas are mapped
' by the Federal Emergency Management Agency; these areas are graphically depicted on official
floodplain maps which are on file at the Office of Emergency Management. Areas with highly
' erodible soils are defined on the soils maps of the Soil Conservation Service.
It is important to note that the City of New Bern fully supports the Craven County Multi -
Hazards Plan to the extent that it does not conflict with any existing plans of the City or those
' to be adopted in the future.
'
El. Coastal Storm Hazard Mitigation Planning Activities and Studies:
a. Effects of coastal storms on New Bern:
'
Of the many storm related hazards associated with coastal communities,
New Bern is realistically subjected to three: 1) high winds associated with
hurricanes and tornadoes. 2) heavy rains . causing flooding in low-lying
'
areas primarily associated with the Trent and Neuse Rivers as well as
Lawson, Renny's,Taylor's and Jack Smith's Creeks and Jimmy's Branch,
and 3) erosion. Of these, the greatest hazard is flooding.
'
1) High Winds
High winds are most frequently associated with the actions of hurricanes
'
and tornadoes. To be classified as a hurricane, sustained winds must reach
a minimum speed of 73 miles per hour. Winds are typically dissipated upon
landfall. Being located inland relative to many other CAMA communities
'
the City has a reduced potential danger of direct off -water winds.
2) Flooding
' Flooding is limited to areas located adjacent to existing drainage channels.
New Bern contains two major water sources, the Trent and Neuse Rivers, as
well as several smaller tributary sources.. On average, these areas may
' reach specified flood levels every 1 to 2 years. Nearly one-third of the City
is located within the 100 year flood plain.
' 3) Erosion
A significant consequence of hurricanes, tornadoes and flooding is
erosion. Current development patterns in the City are located away from
areas most susceptible to erosion damage.
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1992 CAK4 Land Use Plan Update The City q f Nety Bern • North Carolina
b. Composite Hazards Map:
' Craven County, of which New Bern is a part, has completed an update of
their Multi -Hazard Plan (July, 1 1991). The Plan is based on the most
' current information available including NFIP maps and data, the Eastern
N.C. Evacuation Study, and AEC data. The City of New Bern has examined
each hazardous area in terms of the type of potential storm hazard and the
' relative severity of risk presented at that particular location.
c. Existing Land Use Inventory:
' In conjunction with the existing land use analysis for the 1992 Land Use
Plan, the City conducted an inventory for each of the most hazardous areas
' for the purpose of determining the amount of existing development at risk
for each area. The impact of this analysis is achieved by overlaying each
hazard area shown on the Composite Hazards Map upon the updated
' Existing Land Use Map. A discussion of this impact is found in Chapter 5 of
this document.
' E2. Coastal Storm Mitigation Policies:
Based on the preceding analysis, the City has incorporated and adopted the
' following Coastal Storm hazard mitigation policies into the 1992 Land Use
Plan:
a. Policies related to high wind, surge, flooding and erosion:
• The City supports the enforcement of the construction standards of the
'
Southern Building Code with North Carolina Building Code amendments
for wind -resistive factors and design wind velocity.
'
The City, through its building inspection activities, will routinely
review and report on violations of the Building Code related to wind
'
standards, including matters related to the tie -down of mobile homes.
• The City remains supportive of the hazard mitigation elements of the
'
National Flood Insurance Program.
• The City remains supportive of the enforcement of CAMA and 404
Wetlands permitting processes in areas potentially susceptible to flooding.
• The City remains supportive of the Craven County Multi -Hazard Plan as
amended and updated to the extent that it does not conflict with City
initiatives.
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1992 CARIA Z antd Use Plant Update The City of New Bern • North Carolina
' b. Policies related to discouraging development in Most Hazardous Areas:
• The City will continue to discourage development, especially high
' density or large structures, in its most hazardous areas. ,
• The City remains supportive of CAMA permitting processes for
' development standards for shoreline stabilization and drainage along the
City's estuarine shoreline areas.
' The City utilizes existing Land Use regulations supportive of and
complementary to State and Federal policies related to Most Hazardous
Areas.
' The City utilizes the existing Land Use Ordinance which requires
location of new development in accordance with the requirements and
' limitations set forth in the City, State and Federal regulations as they
apply to natural hazard areas.
' C. Policies related to land acquisition in Most Hazardous areas:
• The City, at this time, does not intend to commit local funds to
' implement any widespread public acquisition of land in the Most
Hazardous Areas. Certain areas, such as the waterfront pedestrian
promenade, may be deemed appropriate for purchase where specific
' circumstances dictate.
d. Policies related to citizen evacuation:
• The City continues to support Craven County's Multi -Hazard Plan, as
amended, which outlines extensive procedures for efficient and safe
' evacuation of the City citizens. These documents are currently used as the
primary guidance resource. for City's evacuation efforts.
' • The City supports limited development density in Most Hazardous Areas
so as to decrease the number of people needing to be evacuated.
' The location and form of new development must fit within the
framework of the existing subdivision and zoning documents in the City.
' • The City encourages the adequate planning, development and use of
motels, schools, condominiums and other large-scale structures for
adequate and sufficient emergency shelter for their occupants and
residents.
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• The City supports a policy of ensuring that new public buildings can be
adequately prepared and used as emergency evacuation shelters.
' • The City continues to support ongoing refinements and participation in
the regional evacuation planning process currently drafted by Craven
County.
E3. Post Disaster Reconstruction Plan and Policies:
Post disaster reconstruction policies are required by CAMA as part of the
1992 Land Use Plan in order to guide new development and redevelopment
' during the reconstruction period following a natural storm disaster. In
this regard, the City leadership's major goal is to ensure that, as
reconstruction activities are planned, programmed and implemented, New
' Bern will be less vulnerable to coastal storms than it was before the
disaster.
' a. Previous City planning studies related to post disaster recovery:
• The post disaster reconstruction program of the City shall be generally
' guided by is the Craven County Multi -Hazard Plan as amended and
adopted.
'
• The City continues to support the generalized policies of the Craven
County Multi -Hazard Plan related to establishing priorities and staging
and permitting of reconstruction repairs following a major natural storm
'
disaster.
b. Update City policies governing the support, direction and management of
'
post disaster recovery activities:
• A Post Disaster Recovery Task Force, consisting of the City Manager and
'
City department heads including but not limited to the following
departments: fire, police, planning/inspections, and public works. This
committee should be formed prior to the onslaught of any major storm for
'
the purpose of overseeing the potential reconstruction process as well as
establishing any recovery -related policy issues which might arise after a
given storm occurs.
• The City Manager shall serve as the chairman of the Post Disaster
Recovery Task Force and shall be directly responsible to the Board of
'
Aldermen.
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- The City's Post Disaster Recovery Task Force shall be responsible for the
establishment of a schedule for staging and permitting repairs, including
the imposition of construction moratoria. Any moratorium shall be in full
accordance with the Task Force's established priorities assigned to the
restoration of essential services, minor repairs, major repairs and/or new
development based on the impacts of the particular storm.
' - Upon adoption of this Plan, the Emergency Preparedness Coordinator
and its Post Disaster Recovery Task Force shall be directed to review,
update and reformulate a set of generalized action plans, logistical
' structures and management strategies to be used for any given potential
post disaster recovery program, including (1) reconstruction scheduling
and priority setting routines, (2) public information dissemination, (3)
' damage assessments and accounting systems, (4) appropriate coordination
and communication links with State and Federal agencies, (5)
coordination of private and pubic inquiries to appropriate sources, and (6)
' assistance programs as may be deemed appropriate. The results of this
study shall be presented to the City Board of Aldermen and other
appropriate agencies for review and adoption.
c. The City supports the establishment of general guidelines related to the
long term recovery and restoration process subsequent to natural disaster:
- Reconstruction shall be implemented under at least the minimum
standards in effect prior to the given storm.
- Structures not conforming to minimum standards and storm hazard
mitigation policies which were destroyed must be redeveloped to standards
and policies as set forth by the Land Use Ordinance (Article VM-Section 15-
125).
- Develop a plan for the stabilization and repair of historic structures
located within the City in the event of a major natural disaster.
- After consultation with the County Emergency Coordinator, the City's
Post Disaster Recovery Task Force shall prepare and recommend a long
term post disaster recovery plan pertaining to any given storm disaster for
adoption by the City Board of Aldermen. The plan shall include, but not be
limited to, the following: (1) development moratoria, (2) repair and
reconstruction priorities, (3) repair and reconstruction phasing and
scheduling, (4) fiscal and economic impacts of the plan. 5) emergency
regulations governing all facets of land use and land development
permitting, (6) repair and/or replacement of public infrastructure, (7)
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relocation of pubic infrastructure to less hazardous areas. and (8) setting
timeframes and schedules for planning and redevelopment activities.
• The Emergency Coordinator shall establish a Damage Assessment
Committee. The Damage Assessment Committee shall conduct surveys of
damaged structures for the purpose of estimating the physical and
economic impacts of storm damage. Prioritization and reconstruction
shall be in accordance with Article VIII of the City's Land Use Ordinance.
Policy alternatives eliminated during the planning process:
The Land Use Plan Steering Committee has considered and addressed all
issues and regulations set forth by the Coastal Area Management Act as
indicated in the "Land Use Planning Guidelines" of the North Carolina
Administrative Code, Subchapter 7A as amended in October 1989. The
following policies have been considered but not adopted by the Board of
Aldermen and the Steering Committee:
1. The City shall pursue a city -county joint Hurricane Mitigation Plan and
policy approach.
L
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Chapter IX.
Land Classification System
Land Use Plan • 1992
The City of New Bern
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' 1992 CAMA Land Use Plan Update The City of Nero Bern • North Carolina
' CHAPTER IX:
Land Classification System
' In its simplest form, the New Bern Land Classification System (NBLCS) is a map which at-
tempts to visually portray the City's "vision for the future." The NBLCS is achieved through an
' extensive study process during which the physical. social, economic and environmental reali-
ties of the City are carefully examined. The Land Classification Map graphically outlines and
assigns recommended land use categories to individual geographical areas comprising the
City. The NBLCS map is intended to serve as a general guideline to assist the Board of
Aldermen in implementing the adopted Land Use Plan's policies and strategies. In theory, the
NBLCS is one which:
' 1. Best accommodates the City's land use goals, objectives and policies;
' 2 Is capable of implementation within the context of satisfying both (a)
the demands of the marketplace, and (b) the ability of the City to responsibly
supply municipal service and infrastructure;
' 3. Provides positive community -wide benefits with the least negative irn-
pact on the existing physical, social, political and economic environment;
' 4. Satisfies the regulatory requirements of the State's Coastal Area
Management Act (CAMA), and
' 5. Resolves the input of City citizens via the adoption of the NBLCS map by
the Board of Aldermen.
By graphically delineating specific land use classifications, the Board of Aldermen is able to
apply the most appropriate planning policies to specific geographical areas within the City.
' Thus, the map is to be employed by the Board of Aldermen to provide thoughtful guidance to fu-
ture land use activities and development based on its commonly held "vision," as defined by
this Land Use Plan. The North Carolina CAMA regulations state:
' "The land classification system provides a framework to be used by local gov-
ernments to identify the future use of all lands. The designation of land classes
' allows the Iocal governments to illustrate their policy statements as to where
and to what density they want growth to occur, and where they want to conserve
natural and cultural resources by guiding growth."
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' I992 CAMA Land Use Plan Update The City of Nero Bern • North Carolina
' The NBLCS is intended to be supported. complemented and implemented by growth manage-
ment "tools" which are potentially available to the City via State enabling legislation. These
"tools" include zoning, subdivision, environmental controls and other locally -adopted growth
' management mechanisms which serve to implement local, State and Federal laws. However,
in the strict sense of the term, the NBLCS is not a regulatory mechanism.
' Under the CAMA enabling statutes, the New Bern Land Classification System may include
seven separate land use classes: Developed, Urban Transition, Limited Transition,
Community, Rural, Rural with Services, and Conservation. At the City's option, the Board of
' Aldermen can further subdivide these land use classes into more specific subclasses. If this is
done, the subclass must closely relate to the precepts of the original major class. Not all of the
seven major land use classes currently apply to New Bern, however, the classification system --
commonly referred to as the 7-Tiered System --provides a clear, uniform process by which the
City officials and its citizens can best make decisions concerning future land development and
' environmental issues.
In assessing the optimal organization of the New Bern Land Classification System, the plan-
ning process sought to focus on the statutory requirements of the Coastal Area Management
Act, which states that the classification should "give particular attention to how, where and
when development of certain types and intensity will be encouraged or discouraged." For ex-
ample, CAMA recommends that:
"Local governments are also encouraged to make some distinction between
' urban transition areas, which are intended to reflect intensely developing areas
with the full range of urban services to be supplied, and limited transition areas
that are less intensely developed, may have private services and are frequently
' located in a rural landscape."
"Urban land uses and higher intensity uses which presently require the tra-
ditional urban services should be directed to lands class&d developed. Areas
developing or anticipated to develop at urban densities which will eventually
require urban services should be directed to lands class&d transition. Low
density development in settlements which will not require sewer services
should be directed to areas class&d as community. Agriculture, forestry, min-
eral extraction and other similar low intensity uses and very low density, dis-
persed residential uses should be directed to lands class&d rural. Generally,
public or private water or sewer systems will not be provided in areas class&d
rural as an incentive for intense development."
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I992 CAX11 Land Use Plan Update The City of Nety Bern: • North CaroUna
With respect to the Land Classification Map for New Bern, the seven land use categories are de-
fined, as follows:
1. Developed Areas:
As defined by CAMA, the purpose of the Developed Areas class is to provide for continued in-
tensive development and redevelopment of existing cities, towns and their urban environs.
Areas of the City meeting the intent of the Developed Areas classification are currently urban
in character where minimal undeveloped land remains and have in place, or are scheduled for
the timely provision of, the usual municipal or public services. Land designated as urban in
character includes mixed land uses such as residential, commercial, industrial, and other uses
at high to moderate densities. Public services include water, sewer, recreational facilities,
streets and roads, police and fire protection. In some instances a Developed Area may not have
all the traditional urban services in place, but if it otherwise has a "developed" character and is
scheduled for the timely provision of these services, it still meets the intent of the Developed
Area classification. Areas developed for predominantly residential purposes meet the intent
of this classification if they exhibit:
• a density of 3 or more dwellings per acre, or
• a majority of lots of 15,000 square feet or less, which are provided
or scheduled to be provided with the traditional urban services; or
• permanent population densities which are high and seasonal pop-
ulations that may swell signftantly.
The City, at its option, may subdivide the developed class into subclasses. Developed/multi-
family residential, Developed/single family residential, Developed/commercial and
Developed/industrial are examples.. This further refinement of the Developed Area class will
be helpful in future years when New Bern elects to impose controls over the location of certain
uses which may not be fully compatible with each other. For example, future policies may stip-
ulate that heavy industry and low -density residential housing should not be located on adja-
cent parcels. In such case, then a distinction on the Land Classification Map between
Developed/industrial and Developed%single-family residential would provide the Board of
Aldermen with a means of more responsibly guiding the location of these potentially incom-
patible land uses.
In separating the Developed Area class into future subclasses, the City should discuss how,
when and where, it will provide the services necessary to support the unique needs of the urban
area. In summary, the Developed Area class is designed to illustrate urban intensity develop-
ment and the public facilities and services necessary to support it. This class should be applied
to existing cities and other forms of intense development within the extraterritorial planning
jurisdiction areas containing intense development requiring urban services.
The Cox Company Land Class}f Ovation System • JX-3

' 1992 CAMA Land Use Plan Update The City q f New Bern • North Carolina
' 2. Urban Transition
' The purpose of the Urban Transition class is to provide for future intensive urban development
on lands that are suitable and that will be provided with the necessary urban services to sup-
port intense urban development.
City geographical areas meeting the intent of the Urban Transition classification can be cate-
gorized as either (a) presently being developed for urban purposes or (b) will be developed within
' the next five to ten years to accommodate anticipated population and urban growth. These
Urban Transition areas are in, or will be in an evolving, or "transitional," state of develop-
ment going from lower intensity uses to higher intensity uses and, as such, will eventually re-
quire urban services to be supplied by either the City or incorporated communities. Examples
of areas defined by CAMA as meeting the intent of this class are lands included within munici-
pal extraterritorial planning boundaries and areas being considered for annexation by incor-
porated communities.
' Urban Transition areas in New Bern will provide lands for intensive urban growth when lands
in the Developed Areas class are not available. Urban Transition lands must be able to support
urban development by being generally free of physical limitations and be served, or readily
.' served, by urban services. Urban development includes mixed land uses such as residential,
commercial, institutional, industrial, and other uses at or approaching high to moderate den-
sities. Urban services include water, sewer, streets and roads, police and fire protection that
will be made available at the time development occurs or soon thereafter.
In choosing land for the Urban Transition class, CAMA regulations indicate that such land
' should not include the following:
"Areas with severe physical limitations which would make the provision of
' urban services dif}icult or impossible, lands which meet the definition of con-
servation, lands of special value (unless no other alternative exists), such as
productive and unique agricultural lands, forest lands, potentially valuable
' mineral deposits, water supply watersheds, scenic and tourist resources includ-
ing archaeological sites, habitat for important wildlife species, areas subject to
frequent flooding, areas important for environmental or scientific values,
' lands where urban development might destroy or damage natural systems or
processes of more than local concern, or lands where intense development
might result in undue risk to life and property from natural or existing man-
made hazards."
I
The Cox Company
Land CIassification System • JX 4
r

' 1992 CAMA Land Use Plan Update The City of New Berm • North Carolina
' Further, CAMA stipulates that "even though AEC standards occasionally permit urban transi-
tion type development on a lot by lot basis within the various AECs, this classification should
generally not be applied to any AEC."
Areas that are predominantly residential meet the intent of the Urban Transition class if:
' they are approaching three dwelling units per acre, or
• a majority of the lots are 15,000 square feet or less and will be
provided with essential urban services to support this high
den-sity development, or
• are contiguous to existing developed municipal areas.
' 3. Limited Transition Areas
' As defined by CAMA, the purpose of the Limited Transition class is to provide for development
in areas of New Bern that will have some services. These areas are suitable for lower densities
than those associated with the Urban Transition class, and/or are geographically remote from
existing municipalities. City areas meeting the intent of this class will experience increased
' development during the current 5-year planning period. The Limited Transition Areas will be
in a state of development necessitating some municipal infrastructure, facilities, and/or ser-
vices. As opposed to Urban Transition Areas, these areas are of modest densities and are often
suitable for the provision of closed water systems rather than individual wells.
Within New Bern, geographical land which is classified Limited Transition will provide "con-
trolled development" with services, but may not be applied on lands that are suitable for tradi-
tional high intensity urban development normally associated with sewers or other services.
' The Limited Transition lands may possess physical limitations or be applied to environmen-
tally sensitive areas of the City near valuable estuarine waters or other fragile natural sys-
terns. Sewers and other services may be provided because such services are already in the area
' or readily available nearby, because the lands are unsuitable for septic tanks or the cumulative
effect of septic tanks may negatively impact significant public resources.
' The Limited Transition class is intended for predominantly residential development with den-
sities of three units per acre or less, or in development with the majority of lots 15,000 square
feet or greater. In many areas, lower densities would be necessary and should be considered.
' Clustering or development associated with Planned Unit Development may be appropriate in
the Limited Transition Class. Currently, some areas exist under this classification which con-
tain mixed uses including commercial and small business. The City feels this is appropriate
' within the Limited Transition areas, provided that the development meets all other density
and zoning requirements. Areas which meet the definition of the Conservation class should
not be classified Limited Transition.
The Cox Company Land Classification System • JX 5

�I
P
3992 CAMA Land Use Plan Update The City of New Berri • North Carolina
CAMA guidelines recognize that due to its very nature, the Limited Transition land classifica-
tion may be controversial because it forces the locality to "pick" between potentially incom-
patible land development and conservation issues. As such, CAMA requires that if a local gov-
ernment chooses to implement this class, it shall describe the circumstances making this clas-
sification necessary and shall also describe how this class will help the local government
achieve both its economic development and natural resources protection policies. This discus-
sion shall include statements as to why lands included in this classification are appropriate
for development which necessitates the provision of services.
As sewer and other services become more widespread in New Bern and the extra -territorial ju-
risdiction, they could potentially be extended into service areas that are not suitable or con-
ducive for high density urban development. The use of such services generally increases envi-
ronmental protection requirements in these areas if the density of development remains rela-
tively low. The Limited Transition class is intended to provide for appropriate moderate den-
sities of development with the benefits of both urban services and sound environmental pro-
tection guidelines. However, the reliability of services, such as sewage treatment systems, is
critical to the appropriate development of these areas. If the City and its extra -territorial ju-
risdiction intends to allow the private provision of urban services, such as sewage systems and
garbage collection, then the City should require special assurances that these private services
will reliably protect the public resources and avoid unnecessary public expenses.
Both the Urban Transition and Limited Transition classes are designed to illustrate emerging
and developing areas where some appropriate level of services are required.
4. Community Areas
' The purpose of the Community Areas class is to provide for clustered, mixed land uses at low
densities to help meet the housing, shopping, employment and other needs in the rural areas of
New Bern. At present, the City does not contain any areas applying to this classification.
H
It is possible that in the City may choose to identify areas under the Community classification
in the future and, therefore, at that point in time, the following narrative would apply. The
Community areas are clustered residential and/or commercial land uses which provide both
low intensity shopping and housing opportunities and provide a local social sense of a "com-
munity." Very limited municipal type services such as fire protection and community water
may be available, but municipal -type sewer systems are not to be provided as a catalyst for fu-
ture development. In some unusual cases, sewer systems may be possible: but only to correct an
existing or projected public health hazard. The intent of this Community Areas class would be
to encourage the development of segments of the City and Extra -Territorial jurisdiction in a
low density fashion and/or in dispersed clusters within a larger rural landscape with very lim-
ited water and sewer services.
The Cox Company Land Classification System 9 IX 6
i

1992 CAKA Land Use Plan Update The City of New Bern • North Carolina
The Coastal Area Management Act stresses that the Community Areas class applies to clus-
tered low intensity development in a rural landscape. This development is usually associated
with "crossroads" and "country store neighborhoods." Some Community Areas may have or
may require municipal type services to avert an existing or anticipated health problem. Even
though limited services may be available, these Community Areas should not be shown in the
higher intensity land classes, as the major characteristic which distinguishes Community
Areas with limited services from the Developed and Transition classes is that services are not
provided to stimulate intense development in rural setting, but rather to neutralize or avert
health problems. Due to the potentially small size of most Community Areas, they will, if
identified, appear as small areas in a dispersed pattern on the City's Land Classification Map.
This Community Areas class illustrates small, dispersed groupings of housing and commercial
land uses in a rural landscape.
5. Rural Areas
The Rural Areas class is to provide a City designation for agriculture, forestry, mineral extrac-
tion, and other allied uses traditionally associated with an agrarian region. Other land uses,
due to their noxious or hazardous nature and negative impacts on adjacent uses may also be ap-
propriate here if sited in a manner that minimizes their negative effect on surrounding land
uses or natural resources. Examples of such uses include energy generating plants, refining
plants, airports, sewage treatment facilities, fuel storage tanks, and other industrial type uses.
Very low density dispersed residential uses on large lots with private on -site water and sewer
are consistent with the intent of the Rural Areas class. Development in this class should be as
compatible with resource production as possible.
City and Extra -Territorial jurisdiction land that meets the intent of the Rural Areas classifi-
cation and is presently used or appropriate for agriculture,. forestry. mineral extraction or
other uses should be located in a relatively isolated and undeveloped area, due to the hazardous
or noxious nature of these activities. Very low density dispersed, single family residential uses
are also appropriate within rural areas where lot sizes are large and where densities do not re-
quire the provision of urban type services. Private septic tanks and wells are the primary on -
site services available to support residential development. but fire, rescue squad and sheriff
protection may also be available. Population densities will be very low.
The Rural Area class is the broadest of the seven classes. In the future, the City may wish to fur-
ther subdivide the Rural class into subclasses such as Rural/agricultural, Rural/forestry, etc.
in order to illustrate where these basic rural activities should be maintained within the City
and Extra -Territorial Jurisdiction.
I
The Cox Company
Land Classification System • IX-7

I992 CAMA Land Use Plan Update
6. Rural with Services
The City of New Bern - North Carolina
Although the City has not identified any land areas as Rural with Services, the following nar-
rative is provided if, in the next five to ten years, the City chooses to recognize new areas falling
into this classification. The Rural with Services category is designed to complement the Rural
Areas category by recognizing that limited residential development may occur without threat-
ening the agricultural environment with potential suburban expansion_ Thus, the Rural with
Services class is intended to provide for very low density land uses including residential use
where limited water services are provided in order to avert an existing or projected health
problem. It is emphasized that any and all land development within this class should be gov-
erned to ensure low intensity in order to maintain a rural character. Rural water systems, such
as those funded by Farmers Home Administration, are -or may be appropriate in these areas
due to the need.to avert poor water quality problems. However, CAMA stipulates that these sys-
tems, however, should be designed to serve a limited number of customers and should not serve
as a catalyst for future higher intensity development.
In summary, City and Extra -Territorial Jurisdiction areas meeting the intent of this class
would be appropriate for very low intensity residential uses, where lot sizes are large, and
where the provision of services will not disrupt the primary rural character of the landscape.
Private wells and septic tank services may exist, but most development is supported by a closed
water system. Other services such as sheriff protection and rural or volunteer fire protection
and emergency rescue etc. may also be available. This class is intended to be applied where the
local government has provided, or intends to provide, very limited water services to avert a
known or anticipated health problem in a predominantly larger agrarian region.
7. Conservation
The purpose of the Conservation Areas class is to provide for the effective long-term manage-
ment and protection of significant, limited, or irreplaceable areas of New Bern and/or the
Extra -Territorial Jurisdiction. Land management is needed due to the natural, cultural, recre-
ational, scenic, and/or natural productive values of both local and regional concern. Land
areas in New Bern and/or the Extra -Territorial Jurisdiction meeting the intent of this classifi-
cation include the following:
AECs, including but not limited to public trust waters or estuarine wa-
ters as identi, f led in 15A NCAC 7H,
- Other similar lands, environmentally sign ficant because of their natu-
ral role in the integrity of the coastal region and include but are not limited to
bottom land hardwoods, pocosins, swamp forests, areas that are or have a high
probability of providing wildlife habitat, forest lands that are essentially unde-
' The Cox Company
Land Classification System - JX 8
i

' 1992 CAMALand Use Plan Update The City of New Bern • North Carolina
' veloped and lands that otherwise contain signykant productive, natural,
scenic, cultural, or recreational resources.
' The Conservation Areas class is designed to illustrate the natural, productive, scenic, cultural
and recreational features of the Extra -Territorial Jurisdiction which make it a desirable place
in which to live, work. and visit. As such, the Conservation class should be applied to areas
' that because of their unique, productive, limited, cultural, or natural features should either not
be developed at all (preserved), or if developed, done so in a extremely limited and cautious
t fashion. At a minimum, all AECs, as defined in 15A NCAC 7H, should be included in this class
and the land use plan should so state their inclusion. The local government is strongly urged to
include similar areas protected by either other state or federal agencies such as the U.S. Army
' Corps of Engineers' "404 wetlands"designation.
As AECs should be included in the conservation class, the local government should acknowl-
edge the distinctions among the various uses the Coastal Management Program permits within
each AEC group. The City fully supports existing State and Federal legislation which regulates
growth and development within specified conservation areas. It should be understood, howev-
er, that the local government may develop its own more restrictive standards beyond the state's
minimum standards. The City of New Bern feels strongly that local efforts targeted at regulat-
ing and managing growth and new construction in conservation areas must be strengthened.
' The City does not, at this time, have a zoning classification which designates a conservation
district. CAMA stipulates that, at a minimum, each plan should include language such as:
' • . Estuarine Shoreline AECs - These areas are located adjacent to estuar-
ine waters AECs and are known for their contribution to the natural productiv-
ity of the waters close by. Many uses may by permitted as long as the 30 percent
' impervious rule is met and development is well managed on individual sites to
ensure minimal degradation.
'0 Other similar lands that are afforded some protection by the U.S. Army
Corps of Engineers, such as "404 wetlands" where use and performance stan-
dards of that agency will apply.
'0 Other unique lands that may not be afforded protection by another
agency, but are known for their natural, scenic, historical, cultural, or haz-
ardous nature. These areas might include areas identified by the Natural
Heritage Program, pocosins, savannas, tracts of native forests, etc. When these
areas are included in the conservation class the local government should de-
scribe the types of uses it deems appropriate, if any, within each area and under
what circumstances those uses might by appropriate.
I
The Cox Company
Land Classification System 9 JX 9
i

' 1992 CAMA Land Use Plan Update The City of New Bern - North Carolina
Development within the estuarine system must be in accordance with CAMA regulations and
guidelines, and also the Land Use and Historic District Ordinance provisions and other appli-
cable ordinances. No development other than water -dependent uses is allowed in coastal wet-
lands (along the Neuse and Trent Rivers and other significant water bodies), estuarine waters
(the Neuse and Trent Rivers) and public trust waters (such as the Neuse and Trent Rivers,
' Lawson Creek, Haywood Creek and other creeks listed in Chapter VIII). Permits must be ob-
tained from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers prior to disturbing any freshwater wetlands.
Urban services, either public or private, should not be provided in the Conservation Areas due
' to their potential nature as a catalyst to stimulate intense development. In most cases, limited
on -site services will adequately support any limited development within the Conservation
class and will also protect the very features which justify the area's inclusion in the
' Conservation classification. The City supports CAMA AEC standards for properties located in
the Conservation classification.
' CAMA emphasizes that even though AEC standards occasionally permit urban type develop-
ment on a lot by lot basis within the various AECs and that services are occasionally provided,
this is the exception rather than the rule. The primary intent of the Conservation class is to
' provide protection for the resources included therein. Mapping of AECs in the Conservation
class on the local government's land classification map should be accomplished with the un-
derstanding the AECs are intensively defined by their characteristics in 15A NCAC 7H, and
' therefore maps only indicate approximate locations and are not definitive enough for site spe-
cific regulation purposes. Policies outlined in Chapter VHI of this Plan have been carefully and
comprehensively designed to acknowledge the intent of this classification. Policies are consis-
tent with the function of areas shown in the Conservation class.
' Intergovernmental Coordination and Implementation
The land classification map for the City of New Bern serves to guide the activities of private de-
velopers and public agencies and to coordinate policies, standards, regulations and other gov-
ernmental strictures which affect development within the City limits. In doing so, the develop-
ment policies, issues and concerns of adjoining jurisdictions shall also be considered, and
' meaningful attempts at conflict resolution and coordination shall be made with these jurisdic-
tions.
Throughout the constructing of this plan, continuous efforts were made to make local policies
and regulations consistent with the regulations of nearby planning jurisdictions and the re-
quirements of State and Federal governing agencies. The implementation of this plan will
' also consider compatibility and consistency with these governmental bodies. The Public
Participation Appendix provides a detailed account of coordinating activities with local and
' State officials in the making of this land use plan update.
I
The Cox Company Land Classification System -JX-10
i

I
H
F
L
Chapter X.
Relationships of Policies and .Land
Classification
Land Use Plan • 1992
The City of New Bern
51

1992 CAMA Land Use Plant Update
The City q f New Bern • North Carolina
CHAPTER X
Summary: Relationships of Policies and Land Classification
The guidelines set forth by CAMA in section T15A: 07B .0205 require that this Land Use Plan
Update relate the general policy statements (Rule .0203) to the Land Classification categories.
i
The comparison shall indicate which land uses are deemed appropriate for the community
within the specific land classifications. The following section serves as a summary of the Land
Classification Chapter of this document.
' L Developed Class
The City will continue to monitor the compatibility of all developed areas through
' implementation of the Land Use Ordinance, Urban Design Plan and Waterfront Conservation
and Development Plan. Further development in these areas will be executed as indicated, in a
ri
R
general way, on the Land Classification Map. The existing infrastructure will be improved,
expanded and maintained as necessary to provide for the continuance of these services to areas
falling under this classification. Other public services such as police and fire protection will be
expanded and/or improved as needed and/or as indicated in Chapter VII, Estimated Demand.
The Developed Classification is the largest, extending from the waterfronts of the Neuse and
Trent Rivers along U.S. 70 and U.S. 17. The area encompasses the Downtown, Five Points
Area, as well as numerous subdivisions and commercial areas.
2. Urban Transition Class
The Urban Transition class indicates land areas which will accommodate future urban growth
patterns. Necessary steps will be taken to assure that areas classified as Urban Transition will
be able to support urban development by being generally free of physical limitations and be
served or readily served by urban services. Urban Transition areas as indicated on the Land
Classification Map are positioned so as to greatly reduce or eliminate potential land use
compatibility problems even in the event of full scale urban development. Most of the area
under this classification is located adjacent to the Developed areas. It includes existing
subdivisions along U.S. 17 as well as currently vacant land extending, in most cases, to the City
Limits.
3. Limited Transition Class
Areas falling under this classification will contain controlled development of lower density
than the Urban Transition class. These lands are generally suited to residential development
rather than high density commercial or industrial. The Limited Transition class within New
Bern is intended to provide for moderate development densities with the benefits of both urban
services and sound environmental protection guidelines. The City and its Extra -Territorial
Jurisdiction may allow controlled private installation of urban services in this class.
The Cox Company Relationships of folicies and Land Classifications • X 1

1992 CAMA Land Use Plan Update The City of New Bern - North Carolina
The portions of New Bern which are indicated as Limited Transition are those having special
environmental or geological features such as limiting soil characteristics. These portions are
' located in two distinct areas of the City. The largest encompasses the Olde Towne subdivision
along Batts Hill Road at the south-eastern boundary of the City. The second area is located at
the "vee" intersection of Washington Post Road and Highway 55.
' 4 Rural Areas Class
This classification contains uses dedicated to agriculture, forestry, mineral extraction and
other allied uses. Very low density residential areas served by private on -site water and sewer
services also fall under this heading.
' Rural Areas within New Bern are limited primarily to the Extra -Territorial Jurisdiction.
Future development in this class will be as compatible with resource protection and resource
management policies as possible.
5. Conservation Class
' The Conservation Class applies to areas requiring strict management and protection of
' irreplaceable land features located within New Bern and its Extra -Territorial boundaries.
These areas include AECs and other lands having environmentally significant features due to
their role in the integrity of the coastal region. All policies relating to AECs and public trust
' waters as well as other environmentally significant features including. but not limited to,
swamp forests, bottom land hardwoods and prime wildlife habitat areas apply to this class.
These policies refer to all State and Federal permitting and regulating agencies such as the
Marine Fisheries Commission and the Army Corps of Engineers.
F
11
' The Cox Company Relationships of Policies and Land Classifications • X 2
i

Appendix L
Public Participation Plan
Land Use Plan • 1992
The City of New Bern
r

' 1 Use 9�12 CAMALcu�d Piart Update
The CYty q Wew &M N.0
' APPENDIX I
Public Participation Plan
The greatest value of citizen participation in the planning process is that it allows each
member of the community the opportunity to influence governmental decision making. In
order for the 1992 Land Use Plan Update to be fully effective, it must accurately represent the
' ideas, attitudes, and concerns of the residents.
An intelligent and comprehensive plan cannot be structured without the direction of the
' locality's vision for its future. This vision must come from the City's residents. The following
Public Participation Plan outlines the methodology to be used by the City of New Bern in its
effort to achieve this essential representation of its citizens.
' The "Land Use Plan Advisory Committee" will be officially designated by
the Board of Aldermen as the lead agency for obtaining citizen input to
the planning program and reporting that information to the Board.
' • During the preliminary stages of the Land Use Update process, all New
Bern citizens will be provided periodic official notices that the planning
process is underway. Notice shall be given through paid advertisements
in the Sun Journal. Periodic mailings by the City may also include
notice of these events. This notice shall encourage the citizens to express
their attitudes and feelings regarding land use issues in the City. The
public will be informed of when and where they may voice these
' concerns. The first public hearing will take place at 12:00 p.m. on April
21 in the West New Bern Recreation Center.
• In most cases, the Advisory Committee will reserve time on its agenda at
' each regular work session to obtain citizen comments. As the planning
process matures, periodic updates which outline completed and pending
tasks and decisions will be available to the citizenry for further review.
• To further insure opportunities for public input, the Planning and
Zoning Board will allocate a segment of each meeting for citizens to
provide comment on the Plan and to review working papers which may
' be in progress. At least one member of thet.Advisory Committee will
attend each Planning and Zoning Board meeting and report pertinent
Information to the Advisory Committee.
' The Advisory Committee will distribute official notice of the Land Use
Plan Update process by various means deemed appropriate by the City
officials. A reporter from the Sun, Journal will be periodically informed
' by the City Planner of the progress and status of the Land Use Plan
Update process.
• An initial Public Hearing will be held for the purposes of reviewing and
critiquing the Public Participation Policy section of the Land Use Plan
Update. This hearing will be conducted during a regularly scheduled
Advisory Committee meeting.
' • The local news media will also be informed of the time and location of
the Advisory Committee work sessions and monthly Planning and
PubHcPWWc*tdonPUUcry -AT-1

' IM CiML4 d replan LWate
71w City gfNeuv Bern, N.G
' Zoning Board meetings and encouraged to promote citizen attendance
and participation.
' The Advisory Committee will be asked to complete a "Policy Critique
Questionnaire." This document provides a format for examination and
revision to the status of the 1987 Land Use Plan's policies and
' implementation recommendations.
• Citizen involvement in the planning process will be solicited via a
' "Citizen Survey% This document will allow the residents to register
their concerns pertaining to the character, degree and pattern of
population growth as well as a variety of future land use issues within the
City. Distribution of the questionnaire may be through:
' (a) various public publications in the form of an insert
(b) a number of highly trafficked public places
(c) direct handouts as may be deemed appropriate by
City officials
• In an effort to reach the greatest audience, a representative from various
local interest groups will be asked to regularly attend Advisory
Committee meetings and report back to their members. These
representatives will be given both the "Policy Critique Questionnaire"
and the "Citizen Survey" to distribute and/or review with their group
members.
The New Bern officials understand the great value and necessity of comprehensive public
participation in the planning process. Citizen participation will be viewed as an opportunity
which continues throughout every phase of the Land Use Plan Update. Accurate representation
of the City's constituency will result in a clear and attainable vision for the future of New Bern.
The primary purpose of this Public Participation Plan, therefore, is to inform. educate and
Involve the citizens of the City as fully as possible. In pursuit of this purpose, this process is
intended to remain flexible in format and execution, while giving every New Bern citizen the
opportunity to take part in this democratic process.
�.. �. . *qs
i
7

CHU of W6a Pern
LEANDER R. MORGAN
MAYOR
J
W
FOUNDED 1710
PHONE: [phone] P.O. BOX 1129
,Neill 19ent, Y. (ff. 28560
May 20, 1992
'
Dear Fellow Citizens of New Bern:
The City is beginning the process of revising the Land Use Plan.
This Plan will guide our decisions related to future land use,
protection of our environmental resources, and physical
'
improvements within New Bern.
An Advisory Committee has been appointed to take the lead in
'
updating the Plan. They will be holding monthly work sessions
which are open to every citizen. You are encouraged to attend
and participate. Notice of these meetings will be provided in
the Sun Journal.
'
In updating the Plan, we believe it is our responsibility to
make sure the attitudes and opinions of every New Bern citizen,
including our youth, are taken into account. We have prepared
this survey to help us understand your thoughts and suggestions
in
'
about land use issues and the role of City government
planning.
Please take time to fill out this survey. If you have an
'
questions please call the Planning Office at 636-4077. Return
with your utility bill in the enclosed envelope or hand deliver
it to City Hall or the Planning Department located on the third
floor of the Dunn Building.
AS WE ACT ON YOUR BEHALF TO GOVERN THE CITY, WE NEED YOUR INPUT.
THIS IS YOUR OPPORTUNITY'TO BE A PART OF SETTING THE COURSE FOR
'
NEW BERN'S FUTURE.
Sincerely,
Leander R. Morgan, Mayor
GAS:ecd
'.
Enclosure

THE CITY OF NEW BERN 13,000 surveys, distributed
' Cltizens' Attitude Survey 1,661 surveys -retuned
1992 Land Use Plan Update 12.7% response
The Board of Aldermen is currently revising and updating the Land Use Plan for New Bern. The purpose of the
Land Use Plan is to establish the character and pattern of population growth and land use for the City's future.
' This questionnaire is designed to allow you to voice your opinion about key Issues. Please circle Just Dae
number that reflects your attitude -for each question; for example, circle #5 if you strongly agree, circle #3 if
' your attitude is neutral or you are nori-committed, and circle #1 if you strongly disagree.
i
New Bern's Land Use Plan must balance what is best for the community's resource's, the environment and
the maintenance of a healthy economy. Vital to setting goals and policies for the City is an understanding of
citizen needs and desires.
Please take the time to complete this survey. Your answers will be held in confidence. Your response to
these questions is extremely important for the City's future. Please complete these questions and return
immediately.
'
I. General Attitudes on Population Growth and the Economy
1. The current population of 20,721 represents an increase of 6,164 persons since 1980. Looking ahecd to
'
the next decade,
what rote of growth do you expect in New Bern and what rate of growth do you
prefer? (Check one
in each column)
Expect Prefer
(a) No growth 3"/0 1r/,
13%
(b) Slower than present
(c) Same rate as present 49`( — /�—
'
(d) Faster than present 37`70
2%
(e) Don't know / don't
care
Strongly
'Strongly
Disagree Agree
1 2 3 4 5
2. The 'quality of life" in New Bern is very good.
4% 8% 33% 36% 19%
-future
'
1 2 3 4 5
3. Adequate regulations should be in place in the City so that
4% Q. 1ZI'. 23'/0 57%
development will preserve and enhance the present environmental quality,
historic image and quality of life within the community.
'
1 2 3 4 5
4. There are sufficient opportunities for employment in the City.
31/. 27/. 28% 9% 5 %
1 2 3 4 5
5. Without more local business, industry and other Job opportunities, young
'
3% 3oc 10% 23% 6M
people in New Bern will seek employment and residences elsewhere.
1 2 3 4 5
6. Growth in non -tourism related industry is important to the long-term vitality of
'
4% 3 % 14% 25% 54.
the City and should be promoted in the Land Use Plan.
1 2 3 4 5
7. The ongoing preservation of historic sites and buildings is an Important priority
'
for the City in terms of tourism and economic development.
5% 6;; 17 % 24% 48'/0
II. Land Use Concerns
'
to
1 2 3 4 5
1. Regulatory controls should be placed on new development as needed
reduce potential negative impacts on the environment.
3"/o L5/. 23% 57%
'2%
1 2 3 4 5
2. Any new residential and commercial development along the waterfront
5 % 10% 21'/,
should be regulated by the City so as to ensure designs which are sensitive to
'
4% 6M.
existing built standards and environmental conditions.

•
Strongly Strongly
Disagree Agree
1 2 3 4 5
3. The current City Zoning and Subdivision Regulations for new development
are adequate.
9% 13"/, 57% 14"/a 77.
'
1 • 2 3 4 5
4. The current City Zoning and Subdivision Regulations will improve the safety
and quality of design within new subdivisions and other developments.
6% 11% 5%/0 17% 9'/a
I
1 -2. 3 4 5
5. Land use within the Extra -Territorial Jurisdiction should remain primarily open
6'/� 8°/; 33'0 24% 297.
space/6gricultural and low density residential.
'
1 2 3 4 5
i
6. The City should continue to plan for future growth through the expansion of its
15% 1r/0 227% 26"/0 267.
existing boundaries..
III. Residential Housing
1 2 3 4 5
1. The City needs to expand its stock of affordable housing to serve the needs
13% 11% 22% 2M. 337.
of low and moderate income residents.
'
1 2 3 4 5
2. In order to preserve the City's open and rural areas, new residential growth
17% 177. 30% 2T/0 16'/0
demands should be channeled into more concentrated areas of concentrcted
'
housing .
1 2 3 4 5
3. More housing targeted at young families is needed in the City (i.e. starter
'
6O0 10% 24% 28% 32%
homes).
1 2 3 4 5
4. New Bern should solicit more federal funding to be allocated for housing
1Y/, 8% 180% 23'/a 40'/0
renovation and neighborhood improvements. (example: Community
,
Development Block Grants)
1 2 3 4 5
5. More housing for the elderly is necessary in New Bern.
'
5"/0 7'/0 26Q/, 257. 37%
IV. Retail Shopping and Downtown Revitalization Attitudes
'
1 2 3 4 5
1. The Downtown ("City Center') area represents the heart of New Bern. New
5Q/o 57. 14"/, 27% 49%
building development and renovation should be encouraged in this area.
"City
,
2. The ongoing revitalization of the Center' should emphasize new
businesses. These should include: (Please rank the following from 1-5; 1=most
important, 5=1east important).
I_ Retail
'
9 Restaurants
_ Gifts/Local Crafts
_ Banking
,
Z,. Supermarkets
1 2 3 4 5
3. Continued Historic District controls and architectural design standards are
'
needed in order to ensure that new development in Downtown New Bern is
87% 5% 16% 27% 44'/o
compatible with the existing scale and character of older buildings.
1 2 3 4 5
4. The preservation of the "City Center" should be primarily funded by
'
downtown businesses and property owners.
127/, 1r/a 25'/0 22% 30%
1 2 3 4 5
5. The City should take a more active role in providing infrastructure
'
improvements in the "City Center" area to stimulate further private investment.
%/0 6% 26% 31% 30%
1 2 3 4 5
6. 1 find the "City Center" to be a convenient place to shop.
,
20% 22% 3U. 19% M.

7. What Is your feeling about the New Bern "City _ enter':. ease c eck your answer to the . o owing:
'A.
•
Attractiveness of downtown
Good
30%
Fair
5 °
Poor
'�
Don't Know
°
B.
Convenience to home
47%
37°.
5°
C.
Convenience to parking
25%
367,
37"/
'
D.
Number of eating places
- 1%
� 7%
3 1.
2%
E.
Cleanliness of downtown
1 ��
°
°
°
F.
Friendliness of merchants
54
�/
—3-877°
2'
Variety of stores
14°/
46 T.
'G.
H.
Quality of goods and services
3K.
55%
a%
2y
I.
Costs of goods and services
•19%
0%
%
32
'
J.
K.
Attractiveness of signs
Attractiveness of stores
20%
12%
_ 53
�i%
6
96
3%
1%
L.
Attractiveness of street lighting
4,32
lh'/�'
L
M.
Adequacy of street lighting
_
13% _
%
1��v
�
_Z'1
r
' Strongly Strongly.
Disagree Agree
'1 2 3 4 5 8. The number and variety of existing shopping centers in New Bern
11% 13% 27/. Zl`/° adequately serve local consumer shopping needs.
9. Please circle the location where you most frequently shop.
'
"City
Bern Square Twin Rivers
Mail Rivertown Square Center"
18%
417°
3A 8 %
'
V. City Services
1 2 3
4 5
1. Infrastructure improvements including water and sewer should be pursued
'
6% 5% 271.
28% 34`/°
by the City as an incentive to attract new development.
1 2 3
4 5
2. 1 would be willing to pay increased taxes for the City to construct public road
drainage improvements.
'and
35% 16% 25 �,
3.�;; 9%
1 2 3
4 5
3. The City should create a Capital Improvements Fund targeted at improving
and/or maintaining the roads, sidewalks and utilities as part of the overall
'
8;; 6% 2474
3Y4 31%
budgeting process.
1 2 3
4 5
4. Streets and roads in New Bern are in good condition and provide for the
needs of the City residents.
'
10%15%34�030%11%
1 2 3
4 5
5. 1 am willing to pay increased taxes for new parks and the maintenance of
existing parks and recreational facilities.
'
32% 150/.23 %
18% 121.
1 2 3
4 5
6. The City has sufficient recreation activities and facilities to serve the needs of
'
23% 20`/° 28%
1670 13%
its citizens.
1 2 3
4 5
7. The City should pursue the purchase of new as well the
expansion/improvement of existirig parklands.
13% 11% 30%
23% 23%
'
1 2 3
4 5
8. The City should prepare a Parks and Recreation Plan.
67. R. 24.
2 3
28% 36%
4 5
9. Special transportation services are needed for the elderly and for those
'1
8% 8% M.
2 6 %. 36%
without private transportation.
2 3
4 5
10. The City/County school syster , provides quality education for the City's
'1
23,0 19% 28%
17% 13%
children.
1 2 3
4 5
11. More public funds should be allocated for improved police protection.
'
7% 7% M.
1 2 3
29010 26%
4 5
12. Trash collection services in the City are good.
'
33% 14% 25%
20% 8%

Strongly
Strongly
Disagree
1 2
Agree
3 4 5
13. More public funds should be allocated for Improved fire protection.
'
6% 10%
471. 2M 16%
for
1 2
3 4 5
14. The City should provide greater opportunities public waterfront access.
'
7% 9"/0
2$/° 23"/° 33"/o
VI. The Role of Government in Planning and Management of Growth
'
1 2
3 4 5
1. The City's public meeting process for zoning and subdivision approvals
provides a good way for citizen's wishes to be expressed, heard and
7% B%
34% 27% 24%
addressed.
r
'
1 2
3 4 5
2. The control of new land development in the City is not a "role of government"
and decisions regarding growth should be "left to the marketplace."
'
3U% 19%
1 2
26% 12% 13%
3 4 5 -
3. The City should undertake preparation of a Comprehensive Plan to guide
4% 4%
20% 33% 39%
and manage future growth.
'
1 2
3 4 5
4. The City should concern itself with the appearance of entrance corridors
3% 5%
20"/a 32% 40"/0
(roads) and therefore, develop standards for development in those corridors.
'
1 2
3 4 5
5. Zoning and land development controls should require new residential
subdivisions to pay the cost of adequate public utilities, sidewalks, drainage,
8% 5%
20% 23% 44%
street lights, and roads.
'
Please
rank 0-10)each
of the following issues in order of importance. (For example: very important=l, least
important=10)
_ i Schools
—2— Crime Rate
_3 Unemployment
— 7 Downtown Revitalization
6 _ Roads/Drainage
i_ Tourism '
5_ Housing Improvements
A Attracting Businesses
9 Recreation
8_ Historic Preservation
I currently live in the City of New Bern. (Check one) 7T/o YES 21"/° NO
Please indicate your place of residence
I am retired 42% YES 53% NO
Plecse attach additional comments on separate paper if applicable.
Please return this survey to: New Bern City Hall
300 Pollock Street
or
Planning and Inspections Department
3rd floor of the Dunn Building
Please direct any questions to: [phone]
Thank you for your time and c000erction

Note: Due to the small scale of this classification map, the precise idenLi(icat,ion of conservation areas The preparation of this map was financed in part through a grant provided by the North Carolina Coastal
classified as AECs and'404' wetlands must be identified in the (field by apptupriate permitting agencies. Management Program, through funds provided by the Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, as amended,
which is administered by the Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management, National Oceanic and
1

-t ne preparation of finis map was iummmu au rc.a � waa■ %F .6.a — 0. --" r. — - ---- ---- - - - ---
Management Program, through funds provided by the Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, as amended,
which is administered by the Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management, National Oceanic and
Atmospheric A,' inistmtinn