Land Use Plan Final Draft-1983

DCM COPY
DCM COPY
lease do not remove!!!!!
Division of Coastal Management Copy
LAND USE PLAN
BOILING SPRING LAKES
NORTH CAROLINA
Final Draft
December 1983

LAND USE PLAN
Prepared by: Boiling Spring Lakes Board of
Commissioners
Richard W. Buckbee
Florence B. Andersen
Thurston Cumbee
James L. Jeffries
Alfred Toney, Mayor
Albert Mayberry, Chairman
Planning Board
Barbara Cumbee, Town Clerk
Technical Assistance
Provided by: N.C. Department of Natural Resources
and Community Development
Division of Community Assistance
Thomas M. Cassell, Planner -in -Charge

TABLE OF CONTENTS
LAND USE PLAN
Page
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . 1
I.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . 2
I.
A.
Information Base . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . 2
I.
B.
Present Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . 3
I.
B.
1. Population . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . 3
I.
B.
2. Economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . 4
I.
C.
Existing Land Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . 6
I.
C.
1. Significant Land Use Compatibility Problems . .
. . 7
I.
C.
2. Problems and Implications From Unplanned
Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . 7
I.
C.
3. Identification of Areas Likely to Experience
Change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . 8
I.
C.
4. Areas of Environmental Concern . . . . . . . . .
. . 9
I.
D.
Current Plans, Policies and Regulations . . . . . .
. . 10
I.
E.
Constraints: Physical Limitations to Development
12
I.
E.
1. a. Hazard Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . 12
b. Soil Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . 14
c. Water Supply Appraisal . . . . . . . . . . .
. . 26
d. Excessive Slope . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . 29
e. Fragile Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . 29
f. Areas with Resource Potential . . . . . . .
. . 30
I.
E.
2. Constraints: Community Facilities . . . . . . .
. . 32
I.
F.
Estimated Demand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . 33
I.
F.
1. Population Estimate . . . . . . . . . . .
. . 33
I.
F.
2. Future Land Needs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . 34
I.
F.
3. Community Facilities Demand . . . . . . . . . .
. . 34
I. G. Public Participation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

TABLE OF CONTENTS
II. POLICY STATEMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
II. A. Resource Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
II. B. Resource Production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
II. C. Economic and Community Development . . . . . . . . . . 47
II. D. Public Participation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
III. LAND CLASSIFICATION AND IMPLEMENTATION . . . . . . . . . . 57
Appendix A: Listing of State and Federal Regulations
Maps:
I Existing Land Use 6A
II Land Classification 58A
Plates:
Plate 1 Soil Map Index
Plates 2-14 Soil Maps

Introduction
Planning has many definitions. For local governments, planning is
answering three questions about the community's future.
What are we now?
What would we like to be?
How do we get there?
These are not easy questions to answer, but they must be answered if
we are to have a true planning process.
Land development generally takes place as the result of a series of
decisions by private individuals and government. If left entirety to chance,
the resulting pattern of development in a community may not reflect the
best overall community interest. In order to promote this community interest
for both present and future generations, a land use pZan is to be developed,
adopted and kept current by local government.
The plan is a framework that will guide local leaders as they make
decisions affecting development. Private individuals and other ZeveZs of
government will also use the plan to guide their land use decisions. Use
of the plan by these groups will lead to the more efficient and economic
provision of public services, the protection of natural resources, sound
economic development, and the protection of public health and safety.
1

I. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
A. Information Base
This Land Use Plan for Boiling Spring Lakes was prepared in
accordance with Coastal Area Management Act (CAMA) Land Use Planning
Guidelines (15 NCAC 7B). As a consequence, this current effort is
directed at the development of policy statements for the City.
The information base will rely very heavily on a number of planning
reports and studies which have already been prepared by various
public agencies and private consultants.
In order to appreciate the major conclusions of this Plan,.
the reader is advised to examine the more detailed discussion
which appears in the various sections beginning with I. B. The
major conclusions of this plan are:
Boiling Spring Lakes was originally designed as a
"planned retirement community" in the late 1950s.
i From 1970 to 1980, Boiling Spring Lakes had the
highest population growth rate in Brunswick County.
The community contains approximately 17,000 acres
within its municipal boundary --one of the largest
in area in the state.
Boiling Spring Lakes does not contain any AECs as
defined in the "State Guidelines for Areas of
Environmental Concern" (15 NCAC 7H).
Boiling Spring Lakes has other fragile areas:
recharge area for regional groundwater acquifer,
pocosins, scenic freshwater lakes and pine forest,
and habitat for endangered plant and wildlife.
The community is not participating in the National
Flood Insurance Program, yet there are areas thought
to be subject to flooding.
Boiling Spring Lakes is without the benefit of a
water supply system or a wastewater disposal system.
These systems may not be economically feasible.
Every precautionary measure must be taken to insure
that present acid future development does not adversely
affect the community.
The community has sufficient land area to accommodate
anticipated and unanticipated -growth, even with fragile
areas, soils with severe limitations and the absence
of major facilities.
2

I. B. Present Conditions
1. Population
The 1980 Census indicates that Boiling Spring Lakes is the
fastest growing community in Brunswick County. Only Long Beach
had a growth rate from 1970 to 1980 comparable to Boiling Spring
Lakes. At the time of this writing, the only available 1980
Census information is illustrated below.
Population
Percent
Change
1950 1960 1970 1980 1970-80
Boiling Spring Lakes - 100 245 998 307.3
Brunswick County 19,238 20,278 24,223 35,767 47.7
Race, 1980
Am.
White Black Indian Asian Other
Boiling Spring Lakes 956 24 9 5 4
Brunswick County 27,273 8,285 113 60 36
Housing Units Percent
:Change
1970 1980 1970-80
Boiling Spring Lakes 118 460 289.8
Brunswick County 11,729 20,995 79.0
Other includes Asian and Pacific Islander groups not identified
separately (eg. Cambodian, Pakistani, Indonesian)
Source: 1980 Census of Population, North Carolina Advance
Reports
a

This phenomenal growth can be attributed to the attractiveness
of the City as a residential community and the unparalleled
growth of Brunswick County. Other Land Use Plans report that
Brunswick County's growth is the result of in -migration or
persons moving into the county as opposed to natural
increase.* This is true for Boiling Spring Lakes as.wei.l-.
2. Economy
Little census information is available for Boiling Spring
Lakes. Therefore, a summary of the county's economy is
provided.
In 1980, the leading employer by industrial category
in Brunswick County was manufacturing with an estimated
3,210 employees. The second leading employer was government
with 2,220 employees. The third leading employer was construc-
tion with 1,830 employees and fourth was transportation,
communication and public utilities with 1,490 employees.**
Land Use Plans for Brunswick County have listed commercial
fishing, tourism and agriculture as the second, third and
fourth leading employer.***
However, these employment activities are based on other
than annual payroll, i.e., commercial fishing - value of catch;
tourism - expenditures by tourist; and agriculture - reported
by cash receipts of products and government payments.
*Brunswick County Land Use Plan, 1976 and 1981.
"N.C. Labor Force Estimates, October, 1981 Employment Security
Commission o a eig .
***Brunswick County Land Use Plans, 1976 and 1981.
4

This is an important distinction since the measures are not
the same.
In 1980, average labor force estimate based on place of
residence in Brunswick County as as follows:
Agriculture Employment 340
Non -agriculture Wage and
Salary Employment 12,080
Other Non -agriculture
Employment 2,030
14,450
Agriculture employment was the smallest number in the past
ten years.*
Nevertheless, agriculture's, commercial fishing's and
tourism's value to the local economy is thought to be
significant.
Boiling Spring Lakes is a residential_ community noted
for its attractive home sites, challenging golf course
and spectacular fresh water lake. The entire City. was
conceived and planned as a retirement and recreational
community by the Reeves Telecom Corporation in the late 1950s.
Since the City -is primarily a planned .residential community
the economy of the immediate area reflects this fact. The
principal industrial category of employment is in Services
and Trade.
Brunswick County Land Use Plan, 1976 and 1981.
5

I. C. Existing Land Use
Existing land use is illustrated on the land use map. A summary
of the land use categories is depicted in the chart below.
Land Use Number of Structures
Urban and Built-up
residential 271
mobile home 214
commercial 8
churches 2
schools 2
Boiling Spring Lakes encompasses approximately 17,000 acres.
Forestry and agriculture is the major land use with approximately
14,000 acres. Water is estimated to occupy approximately 1,000 acres.
Urban and Built-up consist of only 200 acres, while vacant and un-
developed is estimated at 1800 acres.
Consequently, Boiling Spring Lakes is a very large community
in area with only a very small portion developed to any degree. Even
the area considered developed could not be considered intensive since
the majority of the lots are 11,000 square feet or more per structure.

Existing Land Use 1981
o residential
er mobile home
0 commercial
Ca church
school
forestry, agricultui and vacant
D k"iv--in hall
ll
p .QSP i< •pG•Fy �f4�
'C S
+.fit.. � ,/ / �./ 9 / ./ /// � 1 \ O+- SO`�• '•,4
' A �;e�♦ i � /./'n � / ' � ` ; ••f� M�� DSO \ \ �•
V
• yob
G E1 Y OF BOILING SPRING, Ll �. ��'o
PREPARED ,BY BRUNSWICK COUNTY PLANNING DEPT
SCALE: V = 4000'
DATE: NOV. 6, 19'5

I. C. 1. Significant Land Use Compatibility Problems. Land
use compatibility is the absence of adverse impact
on two adjoining pieces of property. The classic
example is a service station adjacent to a residen-
tial dwelling. Generally, like uses make the best
neighbors.
Since Boiling Spring Lakes was incorporated in
1961, and is designed as a "planned" community, its
land use compatibility problems are minimal. This
can remain so with a close scrutiny of rezoinng ap-
plications and other project review occurrences.
There are some incompatibility situations involving
the commercial sites along NC Highway 87 and adjacent
residential sites. These situations could be mini-
mized in the future by implementing a policy of con-
centrating commercial activities at strategic locations
along NC Highway 87 rather than the present strip
commercial areas. Buffer space in future development
should be required where possible.
I. C. 2. Problems and Implications From Unplanned Development.
There can be many problems and implications from
unplanned development. The problems are compounded
when the community is experiencing a rapid growth rate.
Foremost of these problems in Boiling Spring Lakes
is the unintentional misuse of natural resources
(groundwater, soils and natural areas) to accommodate
growth and development. Growth and development are
necessary to provide services, especially during in-
flationary economic times, and to lessen the tax burden,
particularly on fixed income residents. Yet, Boiling
Spring Lakes is located in a very sensitive area. It
is sensitive since the area is a major recharge area
for the Castle Hayne Aquifer, the major underground
water resource in the region.
FA

Lot sizes generally are one quarter acre or more in
Boiling Spring Lakes. Yet, with the area having unsuitable
soils for septic tanks, recharge area importance and other
sensitive areas, this lot size may not be adequate given
future development intensity.
Another problem resulting from unplanned development
is the continuing conflict between the railroad and its
freight and the community as a whole. While the railroad
preceded the establishment of the City, the route selected
may not have given any consideration to the load bearing
capacity of the soils and its many sink holes. The City
is presently undertaking a CAMA funded study to consider
courses of action available to mitigate problems associated
with rail/town conflicts. Results should be available
in June 1983 and may modify City Policy.
Overall, the community has few problems resulting
from unplanned growth and development because of the abun-
dance of space and the youth of the community.
I. C. 3. Identification of Areas Experiencing or Likely to Experience
Changes in Predominant Land Use. As illustrated in the
Land Use Map, Boiling Spring Lakes is primarily a residential
community. It is not likely to change from this predominate
land use. In fact, the only change will probably be the
conversion of previously platted undistrubed lots into
residential building sites. The rate of change will depend
largely on the economic health of the county, state and
nation.
The area within the community most likely to experience
this change will depend largely on economic factors and
the undetermined influence of outside factors such as the
locating of an industrial plant nearby. Otherwise, water-
front and nearby home sites are likely to be the most
attractive for conversion to building sites. There will
continue to be development along the.major thoroughfares
primarily for non-residential development.

I. C. 4. Areas of Environmental Concern (AECs). There are no
AECs as defined in Title 15 NCAC 7 H - "State Guidelines
for Areas of Environmental Concern" in Boiling Spring
Lakes.
9

I. D. Current Plans, Policies and Regulations
Plans
The City of Boiling Spring Lakes has not adopted any
plans. It is not a designated 201 Wastewater Facility
Planning Area nor has it adopted a Land Development or
Land Use Plan.
Policies
Aside from the regulations below and the City Charter,
the City of Boiling Spring Lakes does not have any "official"
policies. However, there probably are unwritten policies
which guide the City's decision makers.
Finally, not having any policy is a policy itself.
Regulations
The Zoning Ordinance was adopted on October 15, 1975.
It contains seven residential districts, one commercial
district, one light industrial district, one "parks and
recreation" district and one "undeveloped" district.
The difference in the first four residential districts
is the minimum living area required in dwelling units
varying from 1300 square feet to 800 square feet. The other
residential districts allow duplexes and mobile homes but
no multi -family dwelling units. Minimum lot area requirements
for the first dwelling unit is 10,500 square feet in all
residential districts except for R-6 which does not have a
minimum.
Upon first examination, the yard requirements appear to
be excessive, however, they are of tittle impact since all
residential districts permit only a 15 percent maximum lot
coverage. The dimensional requirements are reflective of
the deed restrictions in the community.
10

Other significant points are the non-existent
parking and loading requirements; absence of requirements
for non -conforming situations which may become a problem
in the future; the need for planned residential development
(multi -family) district; and an inadequate definitions
section.
The Subdivision Regulations are patterned after the
"Model" subdivision regulations prepared and published by
the N.C. Division of Community Assistance. It contains
preliminary and final plat review requirements and
standards for facility improvement. Many standards written
do not currently apply since the City does not have a
central water or sewer system.
An important addition would be the inclusion of an
article to address planned residential development.
Both the Zoning Ordinance and the Subdivision Regulations
will be reviewed by the N.C. Division of Community Assistance
and recommendation will be made where appropriate.
11

I. E. Constraints: Physical Limitations to Development and
Capacity of Community Facilities. There are two major
constraints to development of Boiling Spring Lakes:
(1) physical limitation owing to the land itself or
man-made, and (2) the capacity or lack of community
facilities to support man's activities. These constraints
are discussed below:
1. a. Hazard Areas, Man-made. There is within the
corporate limits of Boiling Spring Lakes one
man-made hazard. This is the U.S. Department of
Army railroad spur which bisects the geographic
area of the City. This line connects with the
Seaboard Coast Line Railroad in Leland and
terminates at the Military Ocean Terminal at
Sunny Point. Sunny Point is the largest ammunition
terminal on the East Coast and serves all branches
of the military. The actual hazard is not only the
' railroad but the freight transported by the railroad.
While not within the corporate limits of Boiling
Spring Lakes, there is another man-made hazard because of
its potential area -of contamination. This is the
nuclear powered Brunswick Steam Electric Generation
Facility operated by Carolina Power and Light just
north of Southport. This facility has two nuclear
reactors which were completed in 1976.
Hazard Areas, Natural. The only natural hazard area
in Boiling Spring Lakes is the flood hazard areas.
Throughout the United States, there are two types of
flooding: "riverine" which is caused by precipitation,
and "coastal flooding" caused by wind driven water by
the coincidence of storm and high tides. There is no
coastal hazard area comparable to the riverine
12

"floodway" which must be maintained free of obstruc-
tions to convey flood flows. This is perhaps the
most important difference between coastal and
riverine-area regulations. All of Boiling Spring
Lakes' flood hazard area would be classified as
riverine. Much of Boiling Spring Lakes is flooded
due to poor drainage. However, there are other areas
which are flooded due to creeks and tributaries of
the Cape Fear River.
Boiling Spring Lakes is not participating in the
National Flood Insurance Program nor has.the community
been identified as having a flood hazard. The U.S.
Geological Survey topographical (Funston 72 mintute)
indicate that there is a flood hazard.
13

1. b. Soil Limitations. The soils of an area determine
the extent of present development and suitability
for future growth. Probably most soils in Boiling
Spring Lakes could be modified to accommodate any
selected use, but in many cases, the cost (environ-
mental, social and monetary) would be excessive.
Since misuse can lead to severe environmental problems,
the cost of improperly planned modification is often
borne not only by the developer, but also by the
public. Therefore, it is desirable to recognize
the limitations of certain soils and to evaluate
their potential or suitability for uses such as
septic tanks, streets, piling foundation and others.
For example, on -site disposal of septic tank
effluent often creates problems in coastal areas.
Utilizing existing septic tank technology, many wet
and/or impermeable soils in the area have severe
limitations. In some dry sand soils, the soil is
too permeable to accommodate effluent; thus, pollution
of groundwater and adjacent estuarine water is a
problem. Even using current technology, it is difficult
and/or expensive to overcome these limitations in a
way that is not damaging to the environment. But when
local officials know these problems exist, requirements
for development, such as minimum lot size or specifica-
tions for package wastewater treatment facilities may
be imposed.*
*Soil Survey, Outer Banks N. C. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soil
Conservation Service and N.C. Department of Natural Resources and Community
Development and N.C. State University, June 1977.
14

Soil Interpretation. Interpretation sheets which
follow the soil maps will not eliminate the need for
on -site sampling, testing and study of specific
sites for design and construction of facilities and
various uses. However, the information is useful
for: (1) those who want a general idea of the
soils, (2) those who want to compare the potential
of different parts of the community, or (3) those
who seek the location of areas suitable for specific
types of land use.
15

,
t"
A
y t

Plate-6
JT OF AGRICULTURE APPROX. SCALE 4 = 1 MILE CY SOIL SURVEY FIEL'
VATION SERVICE 1 / BRUNSWICK COUNTY, Ni
RATING WITH USDA-SCS-FORT WORTH, TEXAS 1976
ADVANCE COPY -SU
kL EXPERIMENT STATION ED NO
4-79 SURVEY �+I.S NOT BEEN COMP���.
Mwv BE CN•NGEO AND ♦REISo

4
y 7 /
-
V/tf
p4v :fra- �Tj "ir lCA A `W�•.� YI' fi � Y ..
a1� �pp'A
,..4
A.
Ilk
�* a
i
4 k a d S rir Ty k ¢.k,.a ZOO w
If 4t:A.
r+-,a, a► I
y �a
xd '' A`+a. r . [. �Qs r1,�i'Ss ^r,$yr`k. �•6s. `r'"S:saa p R (,i� \ tD .!
ir
' e r...-.�-�fa iS{• 5.`4` .�'Y'{ �•.�...,.y .. l_ f
� - tip
�.J .,"'Afi�;r.P ::c see .'" `�' '"-JCdI-�•'-� -
Plate-7
IEPAETMENT OF AGRICULTURE �I SOIL SURVEY FIELD SHEET
IL CONSERVATION SERVICE n BRUNSWICK COUNTY, NORTH CAR(
COOPERATING WITH APPROX. SCALE 1 = 1320 ADVANCE COPY - SUBJECT TO CHAN(
31CULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
USDA-SCS-FORT WORTH. TEXAS 1981 S�RVEr -.AS NOT BEEN Co""EC NOR COFRELAi El
w.Ar BE CRANGEO AND AREAS ,AAr BE C0.0i
4-81

7 r N� VA
7 1 r 5
InA
�'°• -: � ^ �;� � :�^ ; �. ` fin,
67 9a M�
,€r/ '• �'
107-
417
72
4 67
(n0
_ 40 J
�o 67 .�
.,
lh-
Alt
ol
r. �< Yam- >..•-,p} :. ,,..''����� +�w,""�..+�+"-q�i�•�' u. P��Tr,C`,r '-'"1Y^ i'a'x h� S:Y��
' � ^?sue �,. T T LY-,IY S ,?C��� j�"� 't t�-X'.� ��.- ` • e •.
I �C,%ll,r'1"�t �•-V �! -.V: -_ � �¢ yy1. .n �� - S Q tF��`' � ?L
low
`,All
Cftif�Y.�� �n:!iY�� .Ysll����� is..l� r� _ .mitt : t t�' •S�i,ES+.a ii?. -1�
Plate-8
F AGRICULTURE APPROX. SCALE 1" = 1320' SOIL SURVEY FIELD SHE
ON SERVICE 1 BRUNSWICK COUNTY, NORT1
1 G WITH USDA-SCS-FORT WORTH. TEAS 1976 F'� I Ll ADVANCE COPY - SUBJECT TO
E KPRIMENT STATION
1"L-80 SURVEY HAS NOT BEEN COMP -LED NOR CORK
A,&- MAv BE CNANG ED AND AREAS MAY BE

X-F?
d�5
T� �` . YG�a. : 'fit `P �; S. �`� � �A �F•
�`-, �' }4 •` t' l+i �`'�� �1 �i _ ;�aR��y�_ FA," *Wy�P" `ice'' ,t`I{y� #' �
lZIN
It
':�' � � wa � � � t ./nrw�� ... 'p({ r '4:' � ` � r_;� ,¢ _ it � ,„� •ilA1a .
� s
REll,a �-
y y
x�.a�'�R -,Y�. 3.'¢� i .z�'� ;a eA� • �,
� � �^£�" •7'"„g P� ��. `fig:. ,;� ? • i�. ,y,.� .wi %� ..:. �� �t =5
-
p"k, `N �sz r" _ ,
'�'"� r R� � r'+4.•�+'rT�+ � ,, `vys ` 0., it'�y.;, ,� . ,e6i� � �h ,� -
.�
mac., � 1 d�.r ,� k , �,r,o - ' � ;' - : � •
All
s � 3R• ''a•-�` '.'k" ,�k ` '# � '.ems �> � ���ti Lam,
I'# i t •.'t �' •'t• ..�7
•tn 4$ �j�. .t
�, }.�y�,�,,,ri,.��� ># 1�rt ram.. i.� '�>�t� ��. � :, ,q � �, � ti•
,� ''tG".,? tis. �ss�` M� ` ikF•. "ir.' +li•i , °' ..+41,.�5.
xqh.r
fio-
Ar
4 N 4r .i ,'�,4� '• j A�l a 3• �� � a �, h
te
a �'% °�
r yt,�. Toy J � �^A',� � �. „y°`�+�3• 91
'sif ' �'*(¢"''"�tc}5�'�'M :+ a � r"` � i.���r �, �� •��r. - � � .,.�v ` ,r P�� ' �l.i,, -
Y%� � s, %.! i5"`'w �•�*� •5 �.� ' �. .i. � _ `4 I."tr ��`,-,1!'g� . ,f v ° }� ti i.
,ty D 4 �,, -�,.�, a A; �� � Fc•' �L. }q? �. t., �' y x y,{� S �- T'�,� �'i
r
�.� � tea:. � � � � � t T•e ,� . ��� � �- �
'i.M�+i w.����.yi, ''..,, S" z }�"yr"��te► � Y'� I�wx ''r'>c �`f�t'�-•. � •�Sj 1 �
µ..me„:. �.,�6 ��, ;.. �•� r. s:dr�':a ::y, + �
Plate-9
OF AGRICULTURE APPROX. SCALE 4" = 1 MILE SOIL SURVEY FIELD SHEET
TING WSERVICE ITH BRUNSWICK COUNTY, NORTH CA
EXPERIMENT STATION USDA-SCS-FORTMIRTH, TO(AS1976 i ADVANCE COPY - SUBJECT TO CHAN
9_70 R l.RVEY HAS NOT BEEN COMPILED NOR CORRELATE
8 MAY BE CHANGED AND AREA! MAY BE Co..,

A
%
'V.
ENT OF AGRICULTURE
:RVATION SERVICE
ERATING WITH
:RAL EXPERIMENT STATION
Plate-10
APPROX. SCALE 4" = I MILE SOIL SURVEY FIELD SHE
BRUNSWICK COUNTY, NORTH
USDA-SCS-FORT WORTH, TEXAS 1976 ADVANCE COPY , SUBJECT TO C.
RVEHAS NOT BEEN CO.-ILED NOR CO.IE
9-78 AY SE CHANGED AND AREAS MAY 8E C

S
uj71R,
b � y•
w ,t
a=
f
t 47{ • Y
K• dr
31
y r y
S
f
1
jj t Y t
W
N

gG7-
;r
s.;,,.
♦h tf � .ham
r' ''
Mn,.. -'�,� �`.� � �". �"`i ��;d �"q� � k ' 3''^, Y "♦ ' ''-� e�� f�R�lJi..: "• � �s 'AY •1d.. �¢,
Lw i;•,k''�'€o♦.`.F' $''I,�".i♦ -.> -' .t �' ITj,"..,�'
yy «, `�ii-5•.;,,. �v-r 'd`y� ,� X,4 ���i`T.>4�f,.N*A"� �7'�� q�.^ 'yam'"^ � .`"�' k♦� �'�" 3�" a�'��-i t;�J'� � �»',�2�,! a� •��A.��
44
8 % � 1 a' w i � a a'Y' �t.-;s� ��sr*�. .•a ,r��� 3r 4 �`�y }� - a � �
�'� * ` .J' u� �, j� >�att u+§ tea+ y t.+i�+ �y�• 3� ..' ,a��. .,p
c "f AFn c ,f• ti,♦ %% 'f`_.s4 '`xai"m 7 s+` 7� { e- c a '" ..y, .3 .k'r
�✓+. -r �` � i Yr M1 �*..�� - tr�, s�,,,�'Ky� � r ". ; a ti- d csM � f •.'v �, � ♦ » x t
C• F , � F` ,' r ,r �!'-"� 'a .a+yA"+�'�-�w�ntrii ..y.♦�4K� h.( '� ��¢s.�[{^' "' � }�, :,. :'- ,-,-
"[-
t ,,x` �-.: t ♦` :.r [.� -' S ."+a ea,�'%a.�S"�..`:��,��°'�'g1'�.�r++�4yF,. ��sz` �,Y r'.
p.kiy I � :.'� `�'n -��� tom, ♦' Y" "C�c � '� �l �4 � � ���Y L�'� ` '� ° • ';'�'`�,.
,f ra' ^ - �4 � �`'''� w •� S«♦�'ry�- sYw ° .`"`. S .,, ♦ r �. ,� D T �* w .,i
'"^ L'.r >:� 4d' ,.. :;Fx c ♦ a r... „♦� kq„�,�. 4, A ♦_� �� "4'� r ,.. s{� d I b
srt
�,- 111�j#+r— s'�' d 3�` ,ci3 y;,-1 ?`..:1 e 7- + ,,j ,eN✓4- s-, s /--p s�qr�+ '4
for,.
4 _ rt.
4t(•. `�{
�v u
k
` Ytn;�7/,j4:
ARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
CONSERVATION SERVICE
} C 4
F d '
543
I
' r
r r
f
j L
S J{
1ltit.,'
r Plate-12 SOIL SURVEY FIEL
APPROX. SCALE 1"= 1320 BRUNSWICK COUNTY, N
S—� ADVANCE CDPY • SUBJEI
USDA-SCS-FORT WORTH. TEXAS 1976
SURVEY wA5 NOT BEEN COMCILED �I

ri b -+k
N.
at,t °�°''F .cT'' 'g"`� =s k ,ar,�a,r•
x �
,
�s c
I
Ir
45
_ t �• +!`S +f i - L: ,( 7}�y-'Y'4S.
t ' sY t'• 4 .' A'h�. ,! rT ry •(Fq• F#
'!}Q + r t r�� j r„ Sh iX - t. , s ; t.
° �p°R:1 n` t.+ri+t "*,*,a`rR.. its .d ?✓" a?.*f•, a ."'qt "`", t.. ^{' +axe`',`^ ` t� '
. r �ir�+' gr�' • 1. �[,t`° y �;"4`x -- .r- �k „P. yG �T� :;."1,��p ,S R`. � ,.* t
q,'�w -ir- ++� t, � f4 h�•,h � �^� ��'�� � ��Slr g�j, , r�• ti".�1.�� .�,'.:;; � •".r ,i{S
`i�. J � .. . +F' ?1 � t "� ,c �--.,.p, .+ red a • ;Y` .. �f+ { ` � ;•` ` i
rY3 i'�IP`"t t 1 "' ,1`bl' .+p �4h'- •+ b'M'.oiid , i
its ytt �(Y� , *a• xr" Rrt to r r� °' = " n
wiIw
�j 1�._: k?y ''++,���� �,1 {�.�, S: �tex+'. 1W rT, 'C,a` `L' •.�;,,+ t.^ t� � T'��w ;,_ ��� �'. ,r� R
_��U` y'1•�����-�}�7�y{y,,T�, ,�A {�'of + .A ,t ` , � $�, a ":�� Sa �ci:
� - .t. � i �w ,y , "lip a, ti:-• }; .��<
?mc
va
'x* :'a�x 'a'4'."�.i ..�+'''�iryy <. N �. 'i`} : 3 tt '`y �S{•�,y`� u,�rs,v c �t4t' 4
�:' d,l r S tr+�AF:. �++ 4 ♦j �, s �� �P / fi t' r +''> '4":' fib' t efi ~• r i 1
P�
�xw` nef . ','M. � •'. s - ♦ '" i,�dl5} _: i a '�x '. +t� E . r 'q 3�p eM1 . I:.;�Yr, � `Ar
�•.��:N yt1�.J����Y Fr�YW � t. � t �E--e TP���1 Xi f �A—�4 ��'7S .�jh,'�gti tiv{ ( A ,�� •�
..Ct4�f!'6•`'
yr1
'1. �,n ,�9+5�,'.wh5 y Y ' 4. •t:
AAA'^AADDA11A1•-
r A A� 4 {r, Y Y �,e \ •r, ", a��� .:'_a +t < • (K�• { w.p� a' M
"'A+-
A
Is
iz-
'
WON
16&W
Plate-13
DERAKTMENT OF AGRICULTURE er SOIL SURVEY FI
AIL CONSERVATION SERVICE APPROX. SCALE 4 = 1 MILE J BRUNSWICK COUNTY,
COOPERATING WITH USDA-SCS-FORT WORTH, / �r ADVANCE COPY - SUB
iRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION SURVEY HAS NOT BEEN COMPILE
9-78 MAY BE CHANGED ANO ARI

/ r�n
_}a p•��}h'��{5;'t J AF 't ••,< ��a t'i�'i3'A t�iy ,F���t;'1+f2 ..`s,, brit -. i� 'c f C �.��5*
ii:i .St „�.,� ii_ `1<•,t �a:•e. ,.�r�.'e °r a- �E• M.c.i11 �g RA ~• K`
7
�.t. +t ;r:� � t+ +,fix � r.. � y. .vf _: y� ������ �. t Y� �,• •`� ' , r,;�.Rx�•t • y . ` a .�.t' ,yr �ai, x tom• � � ..:k '�+,-
5 .,' t , t ^�'it. ;t IEY -•E. E A^'... - � Y's - '—,y�r�' � A".
Of
b �h �i� �� Y��+i �f�ty�• t t + fsa t'
r 1 d,t 1 .. 4 Y'�S„ �? )}�.. 1 „� s t a 1 'ytt� r` i•'F
�`` . i,, t a, h r � 3 `+�+1,�v` :. tip '•.a '' �i� � �t g � y 14 4+ yn��� �,1i1 x♦ �� �� x � � .; `�;
H + ! `ifb"'T�`� •' ,7a `yak qr,,�e A � ta. i•� -`�iA�t ZyTx ,�7 It ;�i Y k� v� C�•jf,L.4�, •{� ..
tr �>, i° ��,g��`"" 4i'?.k,'� 4'�`xMr 2p ,t r';`�•- .x tom.
? x+'�R ,}`,t '�'f �. �,�'•�` �g� � x Ij�t,�
ry �� YY r � .a•�►� .�. y`1 �,e.,� `S i�.}�p` si *'•�� vs T'� v t�b,��, � ,. k ���
x�5;: #•4.'� �t w.j � .. n,.x+ �ta e 4�w� :� ..t; a kY �".• •ti r �. ! � •` � _z'i x N-..' 1 d*�' .dam �,a �
'.1 _. / Y }F 3t ` AA ` S' Ja�M��E-� '1 ^t F 324E A,� - .,�� "F �•� �"j� i �y� ^-� j •
r Kx�.,w +'��' t ^,'.. ... r", rt� it ::+'L`{t t. �i f3 �`c���'A.,,,"� fV � "iE.�:'Lx '�^��� •�
r4 '�" •'i'� ; `: [.: , a M A _ r,d sA4ti <•.4,. , •r
• t' id w •t ,#F 1 ^ J .�F v Jj ,Af � 1y r • if #� _ } -�-a'+•'R� L y, #, •Ntii S\"'A iitX' �q.+yq i J` ` yA
,y. y � A� � •��� ��} �y, 1 ~.r S�A , • � t .+r s � i � � ...�Jr '+ � Yr ��.�.,, � L� . yes •e t^_ ,-.� i
A ^'� "'F ,�• :. ,,� L�'? .�L::q y''t
'�"•,.� t'.l .N' *Z'": i. Y r� Atl,,,>, h� ., #5:" y�'4fi '� 4�a•i �` 'P<Y^ '~ h,�--
rap fr r
.:4r,b ^s%i. '�° er1 E c►°°�9 3 `G L1 t
_ �• !.`� � +P�1= ��'�6� Y� xi ,��i. � �-4 f. J � �L� y `� 'i 4 ,4:.�y ^ G • Jr
,r `,� � o ,t x � •..tom s �';��tiF. ._ +� ,}�� �.�. �cF ,�w��r"W k� 11 ��. - n � >� a ,"•�}{ '4 u� y +b
� t'�'j� 't m '�' t,t iti i �, tS, �T �t� >. t•. ,* � r M,� �� 'JSj� '
lg'gMM77 ,;� >• � }tw r � i r . u t � � r /}'� +`+ �„ t r�k`.. w ��� ,
s t
�' `'� F= `4 < �,hT `,� e�c� sa „1,•y_. ii �'��}A `i •* �",� ''k.• 3 �x` �'��..YY _ r: w? - k � '.c ,� ;, � 1"g`.
�`�`_ ' t l a:lt`YC ",:sG.'M+..Ji Y� '. v:. A,3 x t.ts'',.`�✓'�,
a.>nT'P. Nj
f b'• f-i. jc.+'b, r .b ,�(•^ r ,� .� S Yx . �"�- y .,. , b fir,
,�.�ly°'��ft-� .-.
.t�3•"' ' ti:+"'P� v. - - F d{�.1 a j' ti:4� a ., 'T*
. '^6•w'` +rY,r'� h �rf'4•.� �.s � �. , p: x+ � • �,; Sy y� � �:'` t . t:'� rt� fix` "#
�4� ,• +s�,�� � . � �. � ,ram ¢+r,,;� +� a a. �fi eat � "!'� r., �.ytts � �
t�y ., •��.�, I t�' .fc��t�y X, y, fir) w a. `�a� .' .�� �.. �. �.t x♦.� ��� .�.. :.b �, �` .f4 _ `�5
.
f.:Rr �: , ttrt'lt.� 2►i..�•r2,: a. s; �,.
� ; 'k�1'# xK ?r 4 ��� '-7�i a•,�� •� a � � '- ��'� i'A.��+�ya'� ruv.- f�l: �� L�' y'
tT �.'�'.,y�r�.*�r� *:. � t•� .b •Y .+ � �, � � S
T
_ � c �.. ;a+ �- � E 1. ? ~1Y � .�•d�'�-::�
�•+t _�`^' t .•, �*^ � L* a ,�. �y. +�„ is ^� � M".'."�"x� 7i:
JIL
fix.;*. r 't5•F •. y x t " * _ _ '+{,'� � `, a.. �tK/ y�•>•a h -r ._.
r 4 4'� � � t. it w 4 i''� /f(/ aA, " �`� a -�, � r f rPu`tt•..�E ^� q, .
I rsk.c�r
i� ,A Ri ;•.,,fi`TA4 M 7 ! "k a��a`K'a.r ".' �� ;•,+. ;"•2 "b7! `�.#'�'_
'�� .fit? ...A 1 3•-�G s �r`- •.• # v�t!!'¢S .. i �F y ,.,.., '•
41
low-
4 �,s ' i •� .'ti.. .ram... rt.
Plate-14
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE SOIL SURVEY FI
AIL CONSERVATION SERVICE APPROX. SCALE 4 = 1 MILE BRUNSWICK COUNTY,
COOPERATING WITH USDA-SCS-FORT WORTH. TEXAS 1976 I ADVANCE COPY - SU,
;RICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION SURVEY •.AS NOT BEEN COMPILE
9-78 MAY SE CHANGED AND

T.
'+
PIA
99
E�' y-•. ,. 'Cis,. ^ .. WA w:`^ :,x« "e .,•.„ q ""' ..'4 .� , R� ....f tl �M
i e+e a yc it 4.i..d:, r •p1A`iry� �.
,�a
p ebj. 3 i - t",� ' .r+e i;'�;.e�..w• AC�+'yv�, f,' 0.`ile
r) yA
y�^tyyC
N y.
4 s ate_
t E iiy i t
wS a v , y . a
,-
`ft`:y
.3; C�IYdRtI""" �� ,Yi`,Y� @♦ �t` 'a` �' r��" �,�...,r ^F+fi _�' a✓ �."",,,,�'��w s" r.,.�r
wt
�y,y.. § +,�A .t r . � � 4s' � `�k.' I � •}_�„#.�.'„s} -,A +t � T�M��_* ?ems N 'Y.r.
,} '"� '• "' 2 - '�A"dK'v" t a }`,!' �N 'y "jr r.' t? a41-
a*
Ma.,** sy. .. _
02
cr .�i.;,.; �. I "}r»'+�a d�.+` ��k � A � '�''�A �h� � �;;y., za,u ... ? R .: ,•. -�+ � x _ � .r t. J e � � .�.y
�a'�a s a�'s °'+5.''k �' � '� : �� i s � s '� �.�T'S' X -,� *�,'k D:- ,,�� "41 �. � :. z ♦ . � pa' + � :r1 '.
a �> f t«�� f t� s
�_C
.ti t � h.{ � ,J! �> "„w .AEI•
.� i•.c.:c... ��"'.�. _•s,.eivi orn_�..u�:,a. .l�c�^strraa,�...�+�E uSc...<....�.?:.>.;�.,3FwdF'3i��:+r.>G,uN..°9'n��aiifydS...F� '�+'�.- `�d
Plate-4
NT OF AGRICULTURE APPROX. SCALE 1" = 1320' SOIL SURV
'VATION SERVICE I BRUNSWICK COU
RATING WITH USDA-SCS-FORTWORTH. TEXAS 1976 Y ADVANCE COPY
4L EXPERIMENT STATION \ SURVEY HAS NOT BEEN CC
12-80 MAY BE CHANGED

roF�! v � f �, ;. ' 'S- kat+���" �_,���' a ,' •� ,t c%fi °� dr �, to c � ��t� � � C �, � s�`' (�
��,z¢
r {
r �
r
a
fx'„ 2''
164
dA,,��.
{ey, r�'+ltgM i / i•vy.9_i ^aGb w"Lib}Ck Y:.. +Auer' +',4 tt ..fry/i�
1 �^
v
�a
fig; ,t
a
Ste',
U. SSOILCONE VATON SERVICE
ETMENT O AGRICULTURE
COOPERATING WITH
TE AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
�X
Plate-3
APPROX. SCALE �1 = 1320 I �+ USDA.SCS-FORT WORTH. TEXAS 1981 J
i
7-81
SOIL SU'
BRUNSWICK COt
ADVANCE CC
SUA`/EY MSS MOT BEE
MTV BE CN�^�G

+�'` .,�v+'-ro"'""w`?,+�°� 8..c s,'tiy � ��� " .+13`. A �f �'"`r ••�r, ,r...,..'
�.,.
.0 ..........
>!
� ' Y • " z � S r- ". �xy
�-\� - � w�..-.r. „'�,a�„ti h. ftr,�,h..,syA�yl�f ,f � x ��j'�'�. ^� � � "4r• i S N.r�•' -w,,. vA°t f "IIY�,"�' A ;�,,. ..-
r+^ "���� � ii{' .. ,� skv,.v ir'�'�.dT " .'." !"" +Ni• Z+} td4^' .F ��' f...
`� y4.
e:.w . -..£ ry r ......=.r'`�" .-.• y �R 'k•::.~ i• Ids-•+r.
�, ' 1S � t, u, fi -:��"^`t,a,:. s. w l�+.w � �e•_ +" �y: H'duyr•.�..s�-'wi.�
yr• .•—� "��• , i..; 7 � ,,,,T,� T rF � _ }` .
„
r� _ .e a'"`�+ i"�t,.f,�,�r-..sr��''Y''y� ~ � � 4T •a. F � 4 p 'rr � �, !�''"ti...
0
4(o iv
671
A
A
4+a s r
s i►� A ny I� t•
i _ .'fr !!VVYY" P.`�`7-'1 '�4y�, Y.k,f �,,�•4+.` '+� '+ -
lira
Pr
oF
�# +' ,� 1 .: �.e �• ,h`- `�4 � r + Kos � �--
M+ Tlt'
I Y'
�� .�' >�•... �e. �v''.q `�- .St p. yam• - , '" ,}� �� r�sV �
� r -°R r'h+ , '� • 'tr` s a 'u$a :•:� ''�' ,�>'S+¢ �, tie: KS�,�
' r�.�9i .` � 'a' f'•Q.' '�`.�����•-�& it 1"*�•i��v�� `t .C�•b x.,v' P,�- � •^���_<�...
q�.'t s ••A�� ��',r 51&
at
'.� _ �1, 5R�''rs,�y �'�.C4'f�`.�" �. f� ,ice+, ,� � _ `�l.*c,iat i+�. �•aSr „� r.a�k} +�
tu
fj f9►'. j.2-�'a�•. jam_ >�� stt,�r; � ti �a'�. �'�� ' �' � "ii
r ..., .� ..�.. .a',. `?r• " 1 rl'" f^., .-. Y• �•}B:, % �...r l r �>c._i: ''h .,a •'.�.:�5++.t sae
Plate-2
RTMENT OF AGRICULTURE APPROX. SCALE 1" = 1320' SOIL SURVEY FIEL
)NSERVATION SERVICE BRUNSWICK COUNTY, l
-OOPE WITH USDA-SCS-FORT WORTH. TEXAS I ADVANCE COPY - SUBJE
LTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.."Ill&1 I SURVEY HAS NOT BEEN COMPiLEC
2-8 MAY BE CNANGEG ANO AREA'

r
v,_111,1�01F
IN
��'���
JPAR
0
IS
C71,
NO
A
p
ALI
fir
off,
Re.
EJ R.
ppow laim 6
Plate-1

INTERPRETATIVE TABLE FOR SOIL SERIES
All soils have features such as slope, position on landscape, depth to
seasonal water table, permeability, textural characteristics, surface
covering and type of vegetation. A combination of all of these observations
and measurements of soil features provides the basis for predicting their
behavior and effects for a specific land use. Terms used in the soil
series descriptions are defined in the following paragraphs.
Depth to the Seasonal High water Table. This is the vertical distance
from the surface of the soil to the highest level that groundwater
(at atmospheric pressure) reaches in the soil in most years.
Surface ponding is common in those soils that begin with zero
inches in the descriptions. It is not practical to provide
measurement for water table depths that extend below 6 feet.
Flooding. This refers to water that stands or flows on the surface as the
result of ocean or sound overflow or seep ponding. Terms for the
frequency of flooding for a natural unprotected soil are as follows:
None - no reasonable possibility of flooding
Rare - flooding unlikely but possible under
abnormal conditions
Common - flooding likely under normal condition
Frequent - more often than once in 2 years
Soil Limitation Ratings -These are indicated for "dwellings", "streets and
roads" an septic tank abosrption fields." A rating of slight means
that soil properties are generally favorable for the stated or
that limitations are minor and can be easily overcome. A rating of
moderate means that some soil properties are unfavorable but that limita-
tions resulting from the properties can be overcome or modified by special
planning, good design, and careful management. A rating of severe means
that soil properties are unfavorable and that limitations resu ting
from the properties are too difficult to correct or overcome. Soils
having this rating require major soil reclamation or special design for
stated uses. However, a rating of severe is not intended to imply that
a soil cannot be used for specific purposes such as "dwellings" "streets
and roads" and "septic tank absorption fields". A rating of very
severe is a subdivision of the severe rating and has one or more features
so unfavorable for the rated use that the limitation is very difficult
and expensive to overcome. Reclamation would be extremely difficult,
requiring the soil material to be removed, replaced, or completely
modified. A rating of very severe is confined to soils that require
extreme alteration and that, for the most part, are not used for the
purposes being rated.
16

The emphasis in rating soils for dwellings is on properties that affect
foundations. Also considered beyond the effects related exclusively to
foundations are slope, susceptibility to flooding, seasonal high water
table, and other hydrologic conditions. It is important to note that
on -site investigations ate needed for interpretations relevant to
detailed design of foundations and to specific placement of buildings
and utility lines.
Soil features that affect location of local roads and streets in Boiling
Spring Lakes are susceptibility to flooding, depth to a seasonal high
water table, texture, ease of hauling and loading, and conventional
drainage and erosion measures. The entire soil profile of undisturbed
soils is evaluated. However, an on -site investigation should be made
to evaluate the limitation rating of the site in order to determine soil
modifications and design needed for a specific land use.
Criteria for rating soils for use as absorption fields for septic tanks
are properties that limit the absorption or treatment of effluent. The
properties are slope, susceptibility to flooding, presence of a seasonal
high water table and permeability of the subsoil and underlying material.
Past performance of existing absorption fields is also important in
determining the suitability of a site for the installation and design
,of a ground absorption sewage disposal system.
The following pages provide a description of the soil series and
interpretative information applicable to Boiling Spring Lakes.
17-

SOIL SERIES
6B, 105B Baymeade Fine Sand (1 to 6 percent slopes)
The Baymeade series consists of nearly level to gentle sloping,
well drained on broad ridges in the lower coastal plain. In
a representative profile, the surface layer is dark fine sand,
3 inches thick. The subsurface layer is light gray fine sand 9
inches thick. The next layer to a depth of 36 inches is very pale
brown fine sand. The subsoil is strong brown to 58 inches.
Depth to Seasonal High Water Table: 4 - 5 feet
Flooding Frequency (surface): None
Degree and Kind of Limitation for Stated Use
Dwellings: Moderate - wetness
Streets and Roads: --Slight
Septic Tank Absorption Field: Moderate -wetness
32, (33) Croatan Muck
96
The Croatan series consists of highly decomposed, extremely acid
organic soils of the lower and middle coastal plain. These soils
have black organic material 28 inches thick over 5 inches of black
mucky sandy loam; 5 inches of dark brown sandy loam and 22 inches
of grayish brown sandy clay loam. Below about 60 inches is grayish
brown and dark gray loamy sand. Slopes range from 0 to 2 percent.
Depth to Seasonal High Water Table: 0 - 1 foot
Flooding Frequency (surface): Rare
Degree and Kind of Limitation for Stated Use
Dwellings: Severe - low strength, floods, wetness
Streets and Roads: Severe - wetness, low strength
Septic Tank Absorption Field: Severe - wetness,
peres slowly
m

SOIL SERIES (cont.)
42 Foreston Loamy Fine Sand (0 to 2 percent slopes)
This seriesconsists of moderately well drained, moderately
permeable soils on the coastal plains. In a representative profile,
the surface layer is very dark grayish brown fine sand 7 inches
thick. The next layer is fine sandy loam 39 inches thick. The
upper part is yellowish brown and the lower part is brownish
yellow. The next layer is yellowish brown to a depth of 72
inches.
Depth to Seasonal High Water Table: 2P2 - 31k feet
Flooding Frequency (surface): None
Degree and Kind of Limitation for Stated Use
Dwellings: Slight
Streets and Roads: Slight
Septic Tank Absorption Field: Severe -
wetness, poor filter
54 B Kureb Fine Sand (1 to 6 percent slopes)
The Kureb series consists of excessively drained soils on broad
undulating ridges and short side slopes of the lower coastal plain.
In a representative profile, the surface layer is dark gray
sand, 3 inches thick. The subsurface layer is light gray sand,
23 inches thick. The next layer to 51 inches is brownish yellow
dark brown and light gray sand. The underlying layer to a depth
of 89 inches is pale brown sand.
Depth to Seasonal High Water Table: Greater than 6 Feet
Flooding Frequency (surface): None
Degree and Kind of Limitation for Stated Use
Dwellings: Slight
Streets and Roads: Slight
Septic Tank Absorption Field: Severe -
poor filter
19

SOIL SERIES (cont.)
60 Leon Fine Sand
The Leon series consists of poorly drained sandy soils that
occur in the Lower Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain flatwoods..
Typically, they have a 3 inch thick very dark gray sand surface
layer and a 12 inch thick gray and light gray sand subsurface
layer. The subsoil is black, dark reddish brown and dark _
brown sand 15 inches thick. The substratum is brown, light
brownish gray or very dark brown sand to 80 inches or more
deep.
Depth to Seasonal High Water Table: 0 - 1 foot
Flooding Frequency (surface): None
Degree and Kind of Limitation for Stated Use
Dwellings: Severe - wetness
Streets and Roads: Severe - wetness
Septic Tank Absorption Field: Severe -
wetness, poor filter
63 Lynchburg Fine Sandy Loam
This series consists of somewhat poorly drained, moderately
permeable soils of the coastal plains. In a representative
profile, the surface layer is very dark gray fine sandy loam.
The subsurface horizon is dark grayish brown fine sandy loam.
The upper subsoil .is brown sandy clay loam with gray mottles.
The lower subsoil is gray sandy clay loam with brown and red
mottles. The underlying material is mottled gray, brown and red
clay loam. Slopes are less than 2 percent.
Depth to Seasonal High Water Table: z to lz feet
Flooding Frequency (surface): None
Degree and Kind of Limitation for Stated Use
Dwellings: Severe - wetness
Streets and Roads: Severe - wetness
Septic Tank Absorption Field: Severe -
wetness
20.

SOIL SERIES (cont.)
67 Mandarin Fine Sand
The Mandarin series consists of somewhat poorly -drained nearly
level soils on landscapes that are slightly higher than the
adjacent flatwoods. Typically, these soils have gray fine sand
surface and subsurface layers less than 30 inches thick over
brown organic coated sandy layers about 14 inches thick. Below
this to depths of 73 inches are layers of gray or white loose
fine sand underlain by a layer of black organic coated fine sand.
Slopes range from 0 to 2 percent.
Depth to Seasonal High Water Table: 12 - 32 feet
Flooding Frequency (surface): None
Degree and Kind of Limitation for Stated Use:
Dwellings: Moderate - wetness
Streets and Roads: Moderate - wetness
Septic Tank Absorption Fields: Severe
wetness
69, 48 Muckalee Loam
The Muckalee series consists of poorly drained soils on floodplains
subject to frequent overflow. These soils formed in recent
alluvium. Typically, they have a dark gray loam surface layer,
6 inches thick. The underlying layers are gray stratified sandy
loam or loamy sand to a depth of 64 inches. Slopes range from
0 to 2 percent.
Depth to Seasonal High Water Table: h - 1h feet
Flooding Frequency (surface): Frequent
Degree and Kind of Limitation for Stated Use:
Dwellings: Severe - floods, wetness
Streets and Roads: Severe - wetness, floods
Septic Tank Absorption Fields: Severe -
wetness
2.1

SOIL SERIES (cont.)
72 Murville Fine Sand
This series consists of nearly level, very poorly drained soils
on flats or in slight depressions on coastal plain uplands. In a
representative profile, the surface layer is black pine sand,
about 8 inches thick. The subsoil extends to 45 inches. It is
black fine sand. The underlying layer is pale brown. It is fine
sand in the upper part, sandy clay loam in the middle part and fine
sand in the lower part. Slopes are less than 2 percent.
Depth to Seasonal High Water Table: 0 - 1 foot
Flooding Frequency (surface): None -rare
Degree and Kind of Limitation for Stated Use:
Dwellings: Severe - wetness
Streets and Roads: Severe - wetness
Septic Tank Absorption Fields: Severe -
wetness, poor filter
99 Rains Fine Sandy Loam
The Rains series consists of poorly drained, moderately permeable,
soils of the Coastal Plains. In a representative profile, the
surface layer is very dark gray sandy loam about 7 inches thick.
The subsurface layer is light brownish gray sandy loam about
5 inches thick. The subsoil is about 67 inches thick. The
upper 8 inches is gray sandy loam and the next 59 inches is
gray sandy clay loam. The underlying material is gray sand to
a depth of 85 inches. They formed in loamy fluvial and marine
sediments. Slopes are less than 2 percent.
Depth to Seasonal High Water Table: 0 - 1 foot
Flooding Frequency (surface): None
Degree and Kind of Limitation for Stated Use:
Dwellings: Severe - wetness
Streets and Roads: Severe - wetness
Septic tank absorption Fields: Severe -
wetness
A

SOIL SERIES (cont.)
102 Torhunta Fine Sandy Loam
The Torhunta series consists of nearly level very poorly drained
soils in upland bays and on stream terraces in the coastal plain.
In a representative profile, the surface layer is about 15 inches
thick. The upper part is black fine sandy loam. The lower part
is very dark gray loamy sand. The subsoil extends to 40 inches
and is dark grayish brown fine sandy loam. The underlying layer,
to a depth of 80 inches is dark grayish brown loamy sand in the
upper part and grayish brown sand in lower part. Slopes range
from 0 to 2 percent.
Depth to Seasonal High Water Table: - 1;,- feet
Flooding Frequency (surface): Frequent
Degree and Kind of Limitation for Stated Use:
Dwellings: Severe - wetness, floods,
Streets and Roads: Severe - wetness, floods
Septic Tank Absorption Fields: Severe -
wetness, floods
110 Woodington Loamy Fine Sand
These are poorly drained soils on broad smooth interstream divides
on the coastal plain. They have a very dark gray loamy sand surface
layer over light brownish gray and gray sandy loam upper subsoil
and light gray loamy sand lower subsoil. Slopes range from 0
to 2 percent.
Depth to Seasonal High Water Table: - 1 foot
Flooding Frequency (surface): None
Degree and Kind of Limitation for Stated Use:
Dwellings: Severe - wetness
Street and Roads: Severe - wetness
Septic Tank Absorption Fields: Severe -
wetness
23

SOIL SERIES (cont.)
11A Goldsboro Fine Sandy Loam
The Goldsboro series consists of nearly level to gently sloping,
moderately well drained soils on coastal plain uplands. In a
representative profile, the surface layer is grayish brown loamy
sand about 3 inches thick. The subsurface layer is pale brown
loamy sand 4 inches thick. The subsoil extends to 76 inches.
It is brownish yellow sandy loam in the upper part; yellowish
brown, pale and gray .sandy clay loam in the middle part; and
gray sandy loam and sandy clay loam in the lower part.
Depth to Seasonal High Water Table: 2 - 3 feet
Flood Frequency (surface): None
Degree and Kind of Limitation for Stated Use:
Dwellings: Moderate - wetness
Streets and Roads: Moderate - wetness
Septic Tank Absorption Fields: Severe -
wetness
24

Soil Summary and Analysis
From the interpretative tables of the thirteen soil series applicable to
Boiling Spring Lakes, we see that eight soil series have a depth to the
seasonal high water table of two feet or less. Many are one foot or less.
While the frequency of flooding from surface water is non-existent, the
ratings for three community development activities are predominantly limited
as severe. In most cases, this is due to the natural condition of wetness
within the soil itself. Of thirteen soil series rated for three different
activities, the result produced 28 severe ratings and 11 slight or moderate
ratings. In particular, 12 of 13 soil series were rated severe for septic
tank absorption fields.
Consequently, most soils in Boiling Spring Lakes are not well suited
in their natural state for community development uses. Most soils require
some modification or improvement in order for them to function properly for
a particular use.
25

I. E. 1. c. Water Supply Appraisal.* "While usable surface
water bodies exist in Boiling Spring Lakes, the
City is not located in a designated public water
supply watershed. The many man-made impoundments,
as well as several of the larger sinkholes, contain
water in quantities that could be developed as a
source of water supply. Such development, however,
would not be cost-effective.
Consequently, groundwater is the only viable
source of water supply that is available to meet
the City. Present and future demand for water.
Presently, thirty-one (approz.*.30),households are provided
treated water from a central well system, while the
remaining residents obtain their water supply from
individual wells located on their residential
property. Based on 1980 population estimates, the
daily average water use in Boiling Spring Lakes
is a total of 65,000 gallons of water.
Underneath Boiling Spring Lakes, usable
groundwater occurs within the Surficial Aquifer and
the Limestone Aquifer.
Commonly known as the water table aquifer, the
Surficial Aquifer exists from a few feet below land
surface to a depth of twenty feet. Permeable
sands form the geologic framework of this aquifer.
Wells exposed to this aquifer are generally not
capable of yielding more than a few gallons per
minute of water. Fair in quality, iron is a common
constituent that causes nuisance problems. Since the
cost of constructing a well in the underlying Limestone
Aquifer is low, the Surficial Aquifer is rarely used
as a source of water supply.
*Memorandum from Richard S. Shiver, Wilmington Regional Hydrologist, N. C.
Department of Natural Resources and Community Development, Wilmington, NC
April 13, 1981.
26

The Limestone Aquifer occurs from a depth of
20-40 feet to a maximum depth of 150 feet below
land surface. Aquifers past 150 feet contain
brackish water, and, therefore, are not usable
as a source of water supply. The aquifer framework
is composed of shells, shell limestone, and sand-
stone. Considerable quantities of water are stored
in the pores and cracks of these rocks. Wells
exposed to the Limestone Aquifer are capable of
yielding up to 200 gallons per minute of water.
The quality of water from this aquifer is good to
fair: again, iron may occur in concentrations that
cause nuisance problems. However, in spite of this
iron problem, the aquifer is considered an excellent
source of water supply.
Significantly, the Surficial Aquifer and the
Limestone Aquifer are connected with one another.
The clay layer that usually separates aquifers,
called an aquitard, is not everywhere present, and
where present is "leaky": rain infiltrating into
the Surficial Aquifer is thereafter transmitted into
the Limestone Aquifer. Moreover, other geological
factors interact to promote efficient aquifer recharge;
and as a consequence, Boiling Spring Lakes is located
over a primary aquifer recharge area.
Since it is a primary recharge area, development
of Boiling Spring Lakes must proceed carefully. Wastes
disposed on or into the land have the potential to
severely, and irrevocably, contaminate groundwater in
this primary Limestone Aquifer. Water pumped from
this aquifer in excess of recharge --in this instance,
an impressive one -to -two million gallons per day per
square mile --will accelerate the collapse of theretofore
27

inactive sinkholes. In conclusion, if the groundwater
resources are improperly managed, it will serve only
as a short-term source of water supply for the City --
if properly managed, the groundwater resources will
be available for use in the many decades to come."
26

I. E. 1. d. Excessive Slope
Boiling Spring Lakes does not contain any areas
where the predominate slope exceeds 12 percent.
I. E. 1. e. Fragile Areas
Boiling Spring Lakes does not have any officially
designated fragile areas as defined in the State
Guidelines for Areas of Environmental Concern (Title
15 NCAC 7H). However, there are other fragile
areas, pocosins and lake habitats which support
endangered plants and wildlife.
Pocosins are characterized by an intensely thick
layer of mostly evergreen shrubs or small trees.
Pocosins typically develop along the margins of
streams and ponds and over elliptical basins,
i.e. "Carolina Bays" scattered over the coastal
plain. Pocosins represent successional stages between
open water and forest communities. The plant communi-
ties that develop on pocosins are usually in the
form of a dense growth of shrubs and small trees and
are not generally inhabited by a large variety of
animals, although they do serve as refuges for
animals living in the surrounding area.*
In 1975, two pocosins were identified as containing
remnant species of venus fly trap. They are located
west of N.C. 87 and north of the main lake. The venus
fly trap is an endangered plant species in North
Carolina.**
*Maintenance of Wilmington Harbor, N.C. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers,
Wilmington District, 1977 Final Environmental Impact Statement.
**Brunswick County Land Use Plan, 1976 Potential Areas of Environmental
Concern.
29

Areas of Remnant Species are a category of Areas
of Environmental Concern as described in State
Guidelines. However, they must be nominated as
an AEC by the local government.
Animal species inhabiting these fragile areas
in Boiling Spring Lakes and endangered are the
American Alligator, Red Cockaded Woodpecker and
Osprey. The City feels the Fox Squirrel should
be included in the endangered/protected list.
Also identified as a potential fragile area
was the well site for public water supply east of
NC 87 and on Boiling Spring Road.
Correspondence from the Deputy State Historic Preservation Officer
provided the following information.
Caro
"With over 350 sites recorded, Brunswick County
itself is rich in archaelogical resources. Our
files indicate one historic and three prehistoric
archaelogical sites within the municipality's
limits. From sites 31Bw136 and 137, located on
knolls slightly northeast of Boiling Spring Lakes,
evidence of prehistoric activities was identified.
The remaining known sites, 31Bw283 and 284, are
situated in similar topographic settings in the
vicinity of Pretty Pond. None of these sites have
been evaluated to determine their National Register
significance.
Further, no systematic archaelogical overview or
survey has ever been conducted in the Boiling
Spring Lakes area. Yet, the potential for archaeo-
logical resources is high throughout the city, par-
ticularly in elevated areas near freshwater sources
North
. US Fish and Wildlife
ral Extension Services 1980.
30

such as springs or creeks. Pocosins should be con -
considered sensitive for both their natural and
potential cultural resources.
We also reviewed the above project in terms of
structures of historical or architectural signifi-
cance. Brunswick County has never been systematically
surveyed for significant structures. Although we
are not aware of any structures of architectural or
historical significance in the area, this does not
mean that they do nct exist."
Consequently, the city's growth and development should take this into
consideration.
I. E. 1. f. Areas with Resource Potential
The only areas of resource potential in
Boiling Spring Lakes are the previously mentioned
fragile areas. They are potentially non -intensive
outdoor recreational lands, game lands or wildlife
30A

I. E. 2. Constraints: Community Facilities
The City of Boiling Spring Lakes does not own or
operate either a water or a wastewater treatment system.
Residents of the City obtain water from small individual
wells and dispose of wastewater through individual
septic tank/nitrification systems.
There exists a privately owned water system owned
by Boiling Spring Lakes Development Company which serves
29 customers (residential).near the company office. This
system is located generally along Willetts Road and Wend -
over Road at the intersection of NC 87 and Boiling Spring
Road.
*Economic Feasibility Report Municipal Water System, T
Boiling Sering Lakes, N. C. Henry von Oesen and Associates
January, 1981.
31

I. E. 2. Constraints: Community Facilities
Thoroughfares
The City of Boiling Spring Lakes contains many
dedicated street right-of-ways. Some have been
accepted by the NC Department of Transportation for
maintenance others have not. Some streets have been
accepted by the City for Maintenance. However, there
are far more dedicated street right-of-ways that are
the responsibility of the development company than
there are under public maintenance.
Before streets are accepted by NC Department of
Transportation, they must be constructed and paved
according to NC Department of Transportation specification.
According to NC Department of Transportation, a thorough-
fare plan was developed for Boiling Spring Lakes in
1969 but was never adopted.
The NC Department of Transportation is presently
preparing a County Thoroughfare Plan. The preliminary
draft of this Plan does not anticipate any new construct-
ion in Boiling Spring Lakes. North Carolina Highways
87 and 133 are shown as major collectors.
According to the Highway Capacity Manual*, the
practical capacity for two lanes plus parking for two
way traffic is 5,700 to 8,200 vehicles per day. Capacity
is defined as the maximum number of vehicles which has
a reasonable expectation of passing over a given section
of a lane or a roadway in both directions during a given
time period under prevailing roadway and traffic conditions.
Based on this standard, there are not any thoroughfares
in Boiling Spring Lakes which warrant widening.
*Highway -Research Board, Highway Capacity Manual Special
Report 87, 1965.
32

In 1980 the average daily traffic counts conducted
by NC.Department of Transportation revealed that NC 87
and NC 133 in Boiling Spring Lakes had 2,000 and 2,200
vehicles per day, respectively.
32A

I. F. Estimated Demand
1. Population Estimate
The historic population for Boiling Spring Lakes
is illustrated below:
Historic Population
1950 1960 1970 1980
Brunswick County 19,238 20,218 24,223 35,349
Boiling Spring Lakes - 100 245 998
1970-80 1970-80
Actual Increase Percent Increase
Brunswick County 11,126 45%
Boiling Spring Lakes 753 307%
Source: U.S. Census of Population
Due to the size of Boiling Spring Lakes and its lack of
a census data base, the forecasting of population is at best,
guesswork. The above does not account for any future
economic change as a result of the location of a major indus-
trial employer nearby or a national recession or depression.
Also, it should be noted that while Boiling Spring
Lakes is a planned resort community its seasonal population
does not fluctuate significantly like the beach communities.
The community is too far from the beaches to reflect
33

significant seasonal impact.
Population Projection 1990
Boiling Spring Lakes
2500
Source: Combination of arithemetic and percentage
adjustment
2. Future Land Needs
The City of Boiling Spring Lakes covers approximately
17,000 acres. The City's population is 998 persons and
460 dwelling units. The 1990 projected population is
estimated to be 2500 persons. Even with the constraints
of: water recharge area, fragile natural areas, soils
rated severe,and hazards of a railroad, there appears to
be more than adequate land available to accommodate future
growth and unanticipated future growth.
The average lot size is approximately 11,000 square
feet. The minimum lot size in the Zoning Ordinance is
10,500 square feet. In certain areas where the constraints
to development are critical, then these average lot sizes
are probably not adequate without the appropriate municipal
services._ Future development based on -these lot sizes without
services would be a potential risk to the health and welfare
of the community.
However, with the land area that is available and
with adequate sized lots, the community could well accommodate
future growth.
3. Community Facilities Demand
Boiling Spring Lakes is without basic municipal
services of water and sewer. A recent engineering report
34

recommended to the City, the "economic feasibility of
a water supply and distribution system." The report
noted the availability of various grant programs which
lower user cost. It is doubtful that grants from pro-
grams such as EDA and CDBG would be available to Boil-
ing Spring Lakes.
When an urban type development pattern exists,
then services are warranted. Generally, communities
develop with small lot sizes which force them into
municipal systems. Often voters will only approve
of a bond if there is an identified crisis occurring.
As the city grows, consideration should be given
to a water and sewer system. The community needs
to make adjustments in lot sizes where possible.
35

I. G. Public Participation
The preparation of this Land Use Plan was aided by
two public meetings intended to solicit input. Both
meetings were special called meetings of the Boiling Spring
Lakes Property Owners which were attended by the City Board
of Commissioners and citizens at large. Approximately 43
persons were in attendance, April 6, 1981, and a like number
on May 7, 1981. The format used was a modified Nominal
Group Technique which permitted land use planning issues to
be identified, prioritized and thoroughly discussed.
Thirty-eight land use planning issues were identified.
See listing. Participants were asked to rank the top five
issues. The fifteen issues which received the most votes
are listed on the following page.
In summary, most comments centered on the need for
services and facilities both public and private. Little
comment was made on the adverse impacts which may result
from the increased development. There was some concerned
expressed regarding the perceived lax enforcement of
existing rules and regulations.
Number
Issue
Rank/Order
4
•
Water System
1
6
•
Sewer System
2
1
•
Shopping Facilities
3
9
•
Community Building
4
12
•
Street Improvements
5
36
•
Ordinance Enforcement
6
15
•
Taxes
7
32
•
Public Buildings
8
(Police, Fire, City
Hall,
Post Office)
34
•
Voting Precinct
9
25
•
Need Condominiums and
Townhouses 10
17
•
Animal Control
11
23 & 37
•
Recreation (all forms)
12
21
•
Insect Control
12
35
•
Remove Army RR
14
19
•
Air Pollution
15
May 7, 1981

NOMINAL GROUP TECHNIQUE
Boiling Spring Lakes
April 6, 1981
Public Meeting with Boiling Spring Lakes Property Owners, City -Commissioners
and citizens -at -large. Attendance was approximately 43 persons. Thirty-
eight issues were identified.
What are the land use planning issues facing Boiling Spring Lakes?
1. Shopping Plaza (need for)
2. Small industry (non-polluting - will increase tax base)
3. Driving range
4. Water System (Community)
5. Subdivision control
6. Sewer System (Community)
7. Preserve forestry areas
8. Lake clean-up
9. Community Building
10. Motel
11. Multi -family housing rental
12. Road maintenance
13. Welcome wagon
14. Drainage improvements for waste disposal
15. Taxes
16. Street signs and house numbers
17. Animal control
18. Parking congestion along N.C. 87
19. Air pollution
20. Beautification of community
21. Insect control
22. Preserve natural beauty
23. Need recreation building
24. Oil refinery
25. Townhouses and condominiums (need)
26. Develop big lake - boating access
27. Traffic flow
28. Restore big lake to original design level
29. Needs of retirees vs. needs of non -retirement community
30. Expand police
31. More access to public waters
32. Improve public building (Police, Fire, City Hall, Post Office)
33. Control on lakes
34. Voting precinct for Boiling Spring Lakes
35. Remove Army RR
36. Ordinance enforcement particularly mobile home -
37. Outdoor recreation
38. Unrestricted access to lakes (boating)
37

II. POLICY STATEMENTS
In order to avoid any misunderstanding, the frequently used terms
of goal, objective and policy are defined as follows:
Goat --a desired future condition;
Objective --a task or course of action to be
performed; and
Policy --a commitment to action to reach a goat.
Policy statements are the most important aspect of land use planning.
According to the CAMA Land Use Planning Guidelines (15 NCAC 7B, effective
September 1, 1979), policy statements must.be included which cover four
broad categories. In order to accomplish this and to provide the reader
with the necessary information, the following format is used. First,
under each of the four categories, there is a listing and, where appropriate,
a dicussion of the current and future planning issues confronting the
City of Boiling Spring Lakes. Second, immediately following the issues,
there is a discussion of various alternative solutions. Third, considering
all information presently available and the best interest of the whole
community, a statement reflecting the selected alternative is made.
Once this Land Use Plan is adopted by the Boiling Spring Lakes Board of
Commissioners, the statements become the City's. land use policy.
38

II. A. Resource Protection
The most important natural resource in Boiling Spring Lakes is
the lakes. While these natural phenomenon are not Areas of Environ-
mental Concern (AECs), they are hazardous to certain kings of develop-
ment and, yet, responsible for the community's attractiveness.
Land adjacent to the lakes is in the ownership of.a large number
of private individuals as well as the development corporation and is
used by all the residents. Only the big lake is owned by the City.
It is monitored by the Lake Watch Committee.
Fortunately, at the major lakes the city has already obtained
lot areas for public recreational activities. At others, the city
has permanent drainage easements which afford public access to the
smaller lakes.
Issue A-1. What is the impact of continued deveZopment
around the Zakes? Continued deveZopment around the
Zakes wiZZ provide additionaZ homesites. Since waterfront
property is at a premium, the development wiZZ expand the
tax base of the community. on the other hand, further
deveZopment wiZZ contribute more urban runoff, specific
site degradation, Zoss of water access, and uZtimateZy a
Zessening of the Zake quaZity.
Alternative Solutions. Obviously, the preferred alternative
is one which would allow an expansion of our tax base with
minimal adverse impact. This is possible only if precautionary
measures are taken. First, the governing body must be com-
mitted to preserving and enhancing the quality of the lakes
and lake access.
POLICY STATEMENT A-1. THE CITY OF BOILING SPRING LAKES
RECOGNIZES THE VALUE OF WATERFRONT PROPERTY. THE CITY
ALSO RECOGNIZES THE POTENTIAL ADVERSE IMPACT UPON THE
QUALITY OF THE LAKES AND LIMITING OF ACCESS WITH CONTINUED
DEVELOPMENT. CONSEQUENTLY, THE CITY SHALL SEEK TO MINI-
MIZE ALL ADVERSE IMPACTS AND TO INSURE REASONABLE ACCESS
TO THE LAKES. FURTHERMORE THE CITY WILL CONTINUE TO DE-
VELOP FOR PUBLIC PURPOSES ITS AREAS SUITABLE FOR RECREA-
TIONAL ACTIVITIES.
39

Issues A-2. What is the impact of continued development
on soils unsuitable for urban type development without
the necessary facilities. The soils information reveaZed
that of thirteen soil series rated for three different
activities, the resuZt produced twenty-eight severe ra-
tings and eZeven sZight or moderate ratings. In particular,
12 of 13 soil series were rated severe for septic tank
absorption fieZds. As a consequence, most soiZs in BoiZ-
ing Spring Lakes are not suited in their naturaZ state
for consaunity deveZopment uses. The question becomes
whether or not the use justifies the added expense of modi-
fication.
The area is a primary recharge for the extensive CastZe
Rayne Aquifer. This the major source of groundwater for
the southeastern coastal area.
Boiling Spring Lakes is predominately a retirement commu-
nity and is dependent upon its aesthetic environment, more
so than other communities.
The City reties solety on the Brunswick County ReaZth
Department to protect the community's heaZth. Rowever,
the City has authority to adopt and enforce stricter
standards in order to protect its heaZth.
Alternative Solutions. Alternative solutions to minimize
risk include eliminating conventional septic tanks as a
means of waste disposal and requiring a public sewer system
or do nothing. Considering the size of Boiling Spring Lakes,
neither one of these options offers a realistic solution to
a substantial health risk. However, the community could
demonstrate a greater concern for this potential problem.
The City has the authority to adopt and enforce stricter
standards than those used by the County Health Department.
Standards could be added to account for the high water table,
impervious soils and others. While the County Health Depart-
ment rules are State Regulations, their interpretation and
enforcement must by necessity encompass a large area which
may not in the long term be in the best interest of Boiling
Spring Lakes.
At a minimum, the City could, through the building inspection
permit system, review current application of standards. Newly
designed individual waste disposal systems, so called, "experi-
mental system" such as "low pressure," "mound system" and
others offer possible solutions. As for multi -family and
large development projects, the City should require package
treatment plants which provide tertiary treatment.
40

POLICY STATEMENT A-2'. THE CITY OF BOILING SPRING LAKES IS
AWARE OF ITS SOIL LIMITATIONS, AQUIFER RECHARGE AREA CONSTRAINTS,
IMPORTANCE OF ITS ENVIRONMENT AND THE LIMITATION OF THE COUNTY
HEALTH DEPARTMENT. CONSEQUENTLY, -THE CITY WILL REVIEW WITH THE
BRUNSWICK COUNTY HEALTH DEPARTMENT ITS CURRENT STANDARDS AND
THEIR APPLICATION TO BOILING SPRING LAKES. ADDITIONALLY, THE
CITY WILL SEEK FROM LOCAL, STATE AND FEDERAL AGENCIES ALL
AVAILABLE INFORMATION REGARDING THE NEW "EXPERIMENTAL SYSTEMS."
IT SHALL BE THE POLICY OF BOILING SPRING LAKES TO PROTECT ITS
GROUNDWATER RESOURCES AND AESTHETIC ENVIRONMENT FOR PRESENT
AND FUTURE GENERATIONS BY THOROUGHLY CONSIDERING SOIL LIMITATIONS
AND THE REQUIRED MODIFICATIONS FOR VARIOUS USES. THIS POLICY
WILL BE IMPLEMENTED BY INCORPORATING SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS OR
REVISIONS TO THE ZONING ORDINANCE AND SUBDIVISION REGULATIONS
Issue A-3. What is the impact of a continuous loss of forest?
The forest along with the takes are the two major components
which contribute to Boiling Spring Lakes' quality environment.
Fortunately, the forest are renewable resources while the
lakes are not. However, some wildlife species such as the Red -
cockaded Woodpecker have very critical habitat requirements
which are not easily re-estabZished. The future growth and
development of the community will require the loss of some
vegetation.
Alternative Solutions. Alternative solutions are a matter of
an adjustment in attitude. We can either recognize their
contribution and their multi -dependent purpose or we can
disregard this information and hope they survive unaided.
POLICY STATEMENT A-3. BOILING SPRING LAKES RECOGNIZES THE
IMPORTANCE AND VALUE OF THEIR FOREST RESOURCES. THE CITY, WILL
MINIMIZE TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PRACTICAL, THE LOSS OF THE
FOREST. THE CITY WILL ENCOURAGE PRIVATE PROPERTY OWNERS TO
DISTURB ONLY THAT AREA REQUIRED FOR BUILDINGS, ACCESS, PARKING,
WATER SUPPLY AND WASTE DISPOSAL.
Issue A-4. To what extent is the threat to life and property
in the event of a disaster due to ammunition terminal at Sunny
Point and the Brunswick nuclear powered electrical generating
pZant? Both the power plant and the ammunition terminal are
within ten miles of the City. The railroad which serves the
ammunition terminal bisects the community. However, both
41

facilities are surrounded by a considerable amount of their
own property which provides an immediate buffer space. Both
facilities have security systems and have taken preventive
measures to reduce the potentiaZ for catastrophy. They each
have emergency/disaster and evacuation pZans which are tested
from time to time. Safety training is a part of their continuing
operation.
Alternative Solutions. Both facilities and the community
currently exist. The community, the power plant, and the
ammunition terminal have the potential for expansion. The
majority of the residents do not feel threatened by either
facility. The residents rely on the precautionary measures,
safety factors and disaster response plans which the facilities
have developed. People who visit the area and people who
locate in the community must individually decide on the risk.
POLICY STATEMENT A-4. THE CITY OF BOILING SPRING LAKES IS
AWARE OF THE POTENTIAL THREAT TO LIFE AND PROPERTY ASSOCIATED
WITH THE AMMUNITION TERMINAL RAILROAD, AND THE NUCLEAR
POWER PLANT. THE CITY IS ALSO AWARE OF SOME OF THE MITIGATING
MEASURES EACH OF THE FACILITIES HAS EMPLOYED. THE CITY SHALL
CONTINUE TO SEEK INFORMATION REGARDING THOSE MEASURES IN ORDER
TO INFORM ITS CITIZENS AND TO COOPERATE WITH THE FACILITY
MANAGEMENT AND APPROPRIATE REGULATORY AGENCIES TO MINIMIZE
THE RISK.
Issue A-5. Are existing Zand use control measures adequate to
require appropriate uses and activities in the community?
Land use controZ measures are the tooZs used by ZocaZ governments
to implement policy. The measures are not generaZZy designed to
stop deveZopment as its critics cZaim. They are designed to
give order and guidance to growth so ZocaZ governments can
make the needed improvements and adjustments to provide necessary
services.
However, the adoption of the ordinances is onZy the first step.
If there is no enforcement, there might as weZZ not be an
ordinance.
Alternative Solutions.
Current Plans, Policies
of Plans and Policies.
of being amended.
As was discussed under Section I. D.,
and Regulations, there is an absence
The regulations are in the process
42

POLICY STATEMENT A-5.. THE CITY OF BOILING SPRING LAKES
SUPPORTS THE DEVELOPMENT CONTROL PROVIDED BY LAND USE
CONTROL ORDINANCES. IVIS THE POLICY OF THE CITY TO
PERIODICALLY REVIEW THESE ORDINANCES TO ELIMINATE ANY
SHORTCOMINGS WHICH LESSEN THEIR EFFECTIVENESS. ALSO, IT
IS THE POLICY OF THE CITY TO ENFORCE (ADOPTED) ORDINANCES.
Issue A-6. Is there management capability to insure the
wise use of the community's resources? This is a very sensitive
question since it deals with people and their performance.
The management capability of the City is not confined to
just the City Board of Commissioners. WhiZe they shoulder
the ultimate responsibility, full-time personnel, advisory
groups and the general populace all have responsibility in
this area. Considering all factors such as the size of the
community, the tax base and rate, rate of growth, and the
desire to be a retirement community, it is doubtful Boiling
Spring Lakes has the management capability to insure the wise
use of the community's resources. This is not a condemnation
of the present personnel elected or appointed. It must be
recognized that the most effective management is full-time and
professional personnel who are given adequate support.
Alternative Solutions. There are several alternatives
available. They range from the results of voting booth action
to the hiring of qualified personnel and consultants. In
between, there are less forceful actions which over a longer
period may provide the needed change. One possibility is the
positive opportunity which an active Property Owners Association
can bring to bear on various issues confronting the community.
The Property Owners Association could be the needed stimulus to
improve management. Another possibility is to share resources
and opportunities with Brunswick County and the municipalities.
Problems facing Boiling Spring Lakes are not confined to just
this City,. There are problems facing all communities and the
county. If properly organized, communities can benefit from
Joint management teams, building inspection, purchasing and
many other services.
POLICY STATEMENT A-6. BOILING SPRING LAKES SHALL INVESTIGATE
THE ADVANTAGES FROM INTERGOVERNMENTAL COOPERATION AGREEMENTS
FOR ALL SERVICES.
43

Issue A-7. Does the community suffer from the unavailability
of flood insurance and flood plain management techniques
because of non -designated flood hazards (Federal Emergency
Management Agency)? Federal Flood Insurance is presently not
available to property owners in Boiling Spring Lakes. First,
FEMA must designate the community as having flood hazards.
Once designated, the community must enroll in the program. If
that enrollment does not take place, then the community would
not be afforded direct federal- grants and loans (FBA and VA)
nor would disaster assistance for permanent reconstruction
be available for flood prone areas of the community. With the
insurance available, the community has to adopt fZoodpZain
management criteria to reduce potential loss of life and
property. What the community suffers in the short-term is the
security provided knowing flood insurance will reduce one's
loss of property. In the long-term, the community may be
allowing development which would have the effect of increasing
the damage and loss should a major storm event occur.
Alternative Solutions. Since the community is not oceanfront
or along a major body of water, it is not likely to be subjected
to coastal high hazard flooding. Any flooding that does occur
is likely to result from a riverine situation. Due to the
frequency of storm occurrence, there is a low perception of the
hazard of flooding. Yet, there is probably some areas more
suspectabie to flooding than others.
Some people would argue the wisdom of flood insurance because
it is a federal program utilizing tax dollars to lessen the
risk for people who build in hazardous places. However, as long
as disaster assistance is available and costing millions, this
program is the only preventive medicine available. It is not
likely.in the foreseeable future that the demand for riverfront
property will wane.
POLICY STATEMENT A-7. THE CITY OF BOILING SPRING LAKES WILL
CONTACT THE FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY ABOUT ENROLL -
ING IN THE NATIONAL FLOOD INSURANCE PROGRAM.
44

II. B. Resource Production
Resource production at Boiling Spring Lakes acknowledges the
relationship between our natural environment and our man-made environ-
ment. It is important that man's activities are in harmony with the
natural conditions. Certain resource production issues are not rele-
vant to Boiling Spring Lakes. Those are: commercial, fishing, tourism,
agriculture and mining.
Issue B-1. Does the City recongize the vaZue of its Zakes, forest
and reZativeZy unspoiZed environment?
Conservation with residents at pubZic meetings and individuaZZy
reveaZ that whiZe they are not knowZedgeable about aZZ the bioZo-
gicaZ and ecoZogicaZ intricacies, they are informed about certain
Zife processes. The growth of the community in the Zast decade
is a testament to the attractiveness of the community. In our
desire to become a complete, whole community with a wide range of
both pubZic and private services, we may not be able to retain
the quaZity of Zife which brought us here in the first place.
Alternative Solutions. Problems that face the City are only op-
portunities with a mask. To remain an attractive community, we
must be conscious of what makes our community so liveable. We must
preserve and conserve those attributes. We must have growth but
the benefits must accrue to the whole community and not to individ-
uals alone.
POLICY STATEMENT B-1. IT IS THE POLICY OF BOILING SPRING LAKES TO
BE COGNIZANT OF THE FACTORS WHICH MAKE THE COMMUNITY ATTRACTIVE. THE
CITY SHALL SEEK TO ENHANCE THOSE FACTORS. CONSEQUENTLY, THE CITY'S
ENVIRONMENT QUALITY WILL BE PRESERVED FOR FUTURE GENERATIONS. PRESENT
AND FUTURE LAND USE CONTROL ORDINANCES ADOPTED BY BOILING SPRING LAKES
WILL BE CONSISTENT WITH THIS POLICY.
Issue B-2. How can Boiling Spring Lakes maintain its attractiveness
in face of increasing deveZopment pressures? Is the community's
Zivability being threatened?
There is no doubt that growth and deveZopment change communities --
sometimes for better, sometimes for worse. DeveZopment in communi-
ties tends to be incrementaZ--one project at a time. If not considered
carefully, the cwnulative effect can be drastic. Depending on one's
definition of Zivabitity and perception of the community, any change
couZd threaten a community.
DeveZopment is in response to reaZ and perceived needs of citizens.
Boiling Spring Lakes' attractiveness is its freshwater Zakes,
abundance of trees and vegetation, Zarge Zots, Zow taxes and
45

availability of mobiZe home sites. White these characteristics
are not attractive to everyone, they are obviousZzy attractive to
those who have settted here. Considering these facts, the only
threat is the congestion brought about by increasing numbers of
people and the pollution which results.
Alternative Solutions. If Boiling Spring Lakes opted for a
"no -growth" policy, there probably wouldn't be the need for this
plan or to do anything. This is very unlikely. We know that the
community will grow and develop. In fact, the community desires
growth to occur. Consequently, our existing and new regulations
will by necessity require increased protection to the natural
systems which support our lifestyle. Not only will we have to be
concerned with the traditional (i.e. building codes, water supply,
sewage disposal, wetland protection) but, also storm water runoff,
land use compatibility, intensity and spacial arrangement of land
uses, parking space and vehicular circulation patterns.
POLICY STATEMENT. THE CITY OF BOILING SPRING LAKES IS AWARE OF
ITS ATTRACTIVENESS AND REASONS FOR IT. THE CITY RECOGNIZES THAT
WITH ANY GROWTH, ONE'S LIVABILITY IS THREATENED. IT SHALL BE THE
POLICY OF BOILING SPRING LAKES TO ELIMINATE THOSE ACTIVITIES WHICH
DO NOT COMPLIMENT ITS GOALS, OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES. FURTHERMORE,
THE CITY SHALL BEGIN IN EARNEST TO REVIEW ITS EXISTING REGULATIONS
TO PROTECT THE COMMUNITY'S NATURAL RESOURCES. THE CITY SHALL
MAKE THE NECESSARY COMMITMENTS TO IMPLEMENT NEW AND EXISTING
REGULATIONS IN ORDER TO PROTECT THE HEALTH, SAFETY AND WELFARE
FOR PRESENT AND FUTURE GENERATIONS.
46

II. C. Economic and Community Development
The livelihood of the community's citizens determines
much of what kind of place it is and what future shape to
expect. Before there is a discussion of specific issues,
there should be an understanding about the origin of the City
of Boiling Spring Lakes.
Boiling Spring Lakes was founded.in 1960 by a corporation
now known as Reeves Telecom Associates, Inc. Boiling -Spring
Lakes is a "planned" community encompassing about 17,000 acres.
The community was incorporated by the North Carolina General
Assembly in 1961. The name is derived from the numerous lakes
of various sizes and a "boiling spring" which is known to have
been an Indian watering place.
47

Issue C-1. How much growth and development does the City desire?
According to private conversations and discussions at public
meetings, the community appears to be unanimous about the need
for growth and development of Boiling Spring Lakes. Opinions
expressed at public meetings indicated that the need for
shopping facilities was the third highest issue confronting
Boiling Spring Lakes. Without a doubt, the largest landowner --
the Reeves Telecom Corporation supports this policy of increased
growth and development.
Probably more important is the question of how much development
can the City -of Boiling Spring Lakes withstand? This is a
difficult and complex question because there appears to be no
uniform application on "carrying capacity." "Carrying capacity
means the ability of natural and man-made systems to support the
demands of various uses and that it refers to inherent limits
in the system beyond which change cannot be absorbed without
producing instability, degradation or irreversible damage."
The most difficult task is to determine the relationship between
the resources and the wasteZoads which can be absorbed in
advance.' That requires the capability beyond the scope of
this Land Use Plan.
However, we can be conscious of our environment and aware of its
Zimitations: soils with a high water table; recharge area for
regional aquifer, endangered and/or threatened species; and non -
polluted fresh water lakes.
Alternative Solutions. There are two basic alternatives. One
costs considerably more than the other. One alternative is
always available and that is to do nothing. Another alternative
is to monitor the impact that continued development will have on
the community. This alternative requires the revising and
adopting of performance based land use controls which are designed
to protect the natural resources systems on which the community
is dependent.
POLICY STATEMENT C-1. THE CITY OF BOILING SPRING LAKES SUPPORTS
THE CONTINUED GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE COMMUNITY. HOWEVER,
THE CITY RECOGNIZES ITS ROLE AND RESPONSIBILITY TO PROTECT THE
PUBLIC HEALTH, WELFARE AND SAFETY. TO THIS END, THE CITY SHALL
REVISE LAND USE CONTROLS PERIODICALLY. TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT
FEASIBLE, THE NEW CONTROLS WILL BE BASED ON PERFORMANCE.
*Journal of Soil and Water Conservation "Carrying Capacity: A Key
to Environmental anning July - August 191b, Davido sc a an
rancis H. FarReF.
48

Issue C-2. What type of commerciaZ uses are desired? Commercial
activities are important in defining the type of community. obviously,
there is quite a difference between famiZy-oriented billard halls
and the traditional pooZroom/tavern. Furthermore, these two eXCXPZes
attract different clientele. Motels and boarding houses tend to
attract more overnight guests than condominiums.
Alternative Solutions. Alternative solutions differ only in the
degree of commitment to solving the problem. Beyond just recognizing
the issue that commercial activities have a lot to do with the type
of people and activities that the community attracts. Boiling
Spring Lakes can modify its permitted and conditional uses in the
commercial zoning districts to reflect the preferred activities.
POLICY STATEMENT C-2. BOILING SPRING LAKES RECOGNIZES THE LINK
BETWEEN PERMITTED COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES AND THE FUTURE TYPE OF
COMMUNITY RESULTING THEREIN. BOILING SPRING LAKES SHALL REVIEW
VERY CRITICALLY ITS PERMITTED AND CONDITIONAL USES OF THE COMMERCIAL
ZONING DISTRICTS. IT IS THE POLICY OF BOILING SPRING LAKES TO
ENCOURAGE AND PERMIT ONLY THOSE COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES WHICH
COMPLIMENT A RESORT RETIREMENT COMMUNITY.
Issue C-3. Where should growth and development occur? Boiling
Spring Lakes would appear to have abundant land area in which to
accommodate growth. However, as has already been pointed out,
there are limiting factors which must be resoZved: soils with high
water table; recharge area for regional aquifer; natural systems
with many Zakes and forests, absence of municipal water supply
and wastewater systems and limited growth management capacity.
As a consequence, the site location is very critical.
Alternative Solutions. This issue as in many cases becomes one
of economics. While the establishing of basic municpal services
of water and sewer may be economically unfeasible, it may be
disastrous in the long term not to implement all the precautionary
measures available now. There are two options: a non -growth policy
or a policy which permits continued development with all reasonable
and prudent precautions in place. For example, single family homes
may need to consider "new" septic tank systems which accommodate
high water table and multi -family development may need to consider
"packaged" treatment plants with alternative disposal systems.
49

POLICY STATEMENT C-3. IT IS THE OBJECTIVE OF BOILING SPRING LAKES
TO PROVIDE THE BASIC MUNICIPAL SERVICES REQUIRED OF AN URBAN
SETTLEMENT PATTERN AT A REASONABLE COST. UNTIL SUCH TIME, AND
AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO EXPENSIVE MUNICIPAL WATER TREATMENT AND WASTE-
WATER DISPOSAL SYSTEMS, THE CITY SHALL EVALUATE THE "NEW" TECHNO-
LOGIES AVAILABLE FOR INDIVIDUAL AND PACKAGED SOLUTIONS TO ENVIRON-
MENTAL PROBLEMS. FURTHERMORE, BOILING SPRING LAKES SHALL VIGOROUSLY
ENFORCE PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS REQUIRED OF LOCAL, STATE
AND FEDERAL AGENCIES.
Issue C-4. What effect do mobile homes have on the City Is- tax
base? It is noted that mobile homes are classified as personal
property under North Carolina tax Zara. From the community's
viewpoint, this is unfortunate because personal property declines
in value each year. Therefore, the community receives less tax
revenue each year. While, the mobile home is decreasing in value,
the land that it occupies is increasing in value. This is evident
by the recent Brunswick County re-evaZuation.
Mobile home residents receive the same level of community services
that conventional homes do and pay proportionately less.
Mobile homes like conventional homes require periodic maintenance.
It is evident that some mobile home owners feel that mobile homes
require far less maintenance. Consequently, these homes are in
disrepair and are becoming an eyesore.
In establishing Boiling Spring Lakes, Reeves Telecom Corporation
set aside separate sections exclusively for those who prefer
mobile home living. This was accomplished with deed restriction
and the Town has continued the land use arrangement with zoning.
POLICY STATEMENT C-4. THE CITY RECOGNIZES THE NEED FOR A VARIETY
OF HOUSING TYPES WHICH DO NOT NEGATIVELY OR ADVERSELY AFFECT
CONVENTIONAL HOUSING TYPES. THE CITY SHALL CONTINUE TO ENCOURAGE
A VARIETY OF HOUSING TYPES AT SPECIFIC LOCATIONS. THE CITY COMMIS-
SIONERS SHALL REQUEST THE STATE LEGISLATURE TO REVISE THE STATE
TAX LAWS APPLICABLE TO MOBILE HOMES TO PROVIDE EQUAL TAXATION.
50

Issue C-5. To what extent is the ZocaZ government committed
to providing services? LocaZ government in a nutsheZZ is
founded to provide services that private interests are
unwilling to provide. Their motive is to provide services
at a reasonable cost. Like aZZ businesses, it cost money
to operate and there is generaZZy a Zimited amount of revenue
available. LocaZ government through the democratic process
has to determine its own priorities of service.
Alternative Solutions. There are three basic levels of commitment
as described as follows. First, plans and studies, some of which
cost money to the City, represents one level of commitment.
Adopted policies and the will to carry them out is another. The
strongest commitment that the City can have is to levy a tax
and provide a facility or service.
POLICY STATEMENT C-5. THE CITY OF BOILING SPRING LAKES IS
COMMITTED TO PROVIDING BASIC SERVICES AS DEMANDED BY AN URBAN
SETTLEMENT PATTERN. THE CITY SHALL CONTINUE TO INVESTIGATE THE
COST EFFECTIVE ALTERNATIVES TO PROVIDING THESE SERVICES.
Issue C-6. What is Boiling Spring Lakes' ability to provide the
services and facilities? Boiling Spring Lakes was incorporated
as a retirement community in 1961. For many years, the tax
rate per $100 valuation was $0.19. As of October, 1981, the
totaZ assessed vaZuation was $29,599,224 and the tax rate was
$0.30 per $100. This contributes approximately $89,000 to the
City's GeneraZ Fund.
51

The City 'a original reason for incorporation was to provide services
for a retirement community. More young people have begun to reside
in the community. Brunswick County has also within the last
decade begun to attract more younger working people rather than
lose them to outmigration.
Municipal services demanded by the population will reflect the age
and characteristics of that population. Cost of providing services
is directly proportional to the number and types of services.
Alternative Solutions. There does not appear to be any short
term solution. In the long term, the community can either disregard
these basic demographic facts or the local government can give them
due consideration in the course of evaluating future development
decisions which impact the entire community. Obviously, there
is a limit to what a City can do with $89,000 a year. What the
City does with the funds is determined in large measure by what
interest group or population which it feels obligated to serve
and wants to encourage to continue to reside.
POLICY STATEMENT C-6. BOILING SPRING LAKES RECOGNIZES ITS CONSTRAINTS
TO PROVIDING SERVICES. IT SHALL BE THE POLICY OF BOILING SPRING
LAKES TO ENCOURAGE A VARIETY OF PERMANENT RESIDENTS AND COMMERCIAL
SERVICES TO LOCATE WITHIN THE CITY'S BOUNDARIES.
Issue C-7. Bow committed is Boiling Spring Lakes to various State
and Federal programs such as flood disaster assistance, public access
and waste water control? With the exception of public access, all
require large outlays of public money generally only available
from Federal and State governments. UnZess the local government
can provide the funding, its only recourse is to prevent a situation
from occurring which would result in the need to spend large sums
of money. obviousZy, natural events cannot be prevented. Steps
can be taken to limit damage in the event of a disaster.
Alternative Solutions. As was noted earlier, there are several
levels of commitment. To date, Boiling Spring Lakes has cooperated
with Brunswick County in public access.
POLICY STATEMENT C-7. CONSIDERING ALL THE NEEDS OF BOILING SPRING
LAKES, THE LIMITED RESOURCES AVAILABLE AND THE LONG-TERM IMPACT,
WASTEWATER CONTROL HAS TO BE A TOP PRIORITY FOR FUNDING. OTHER
PROGRAMS CAN BE INITIATED WHICH ARE NOT CAPITAL INTENSIVE AND CAN
52

BE IMPLEMENTED WITH THE FOLLOWING BOILING SPRING LAKES POLICIES
ON FEDERAL AND STATE ASSISTANCE.
FLOOD INSURANCE. BOILING SPRING LAKES SHALL FORMALLY REQUEST FROM
THE FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY, THE DETERMINATION
OF THE DEGREE OF FLOOD HAZARD TO THE COMMUNITY IN THE EVENT
OF A 100 YEAR STORM.
WASTEWATER CONTROL. BOILING SPRING LAKES REALIZES THE IMPORTANCE
AND PRIORITY OF THIS FEDERAL AND STATE ASSISTED PROGRAM. BOILING
SPRING LAKES SHALL WORK DILIGENTLY TO FULFILL THIS NEED
AS COST EFFECTIVE AS POSSIBLE.
PUBLIC ACCESS. BOILING SPRING LAKES SHALL SUPPORT THE PUBLIC'S
RIGHT TO LAKE ACCESS AT DESIGNATED POINTS.
Issue C-9. What is the community's reaction to increasing
railroad traffic? What is the long-term impact of the government
owned railroad which traverses Boiling Spring Lakes? The community
generally is discouraged about increased railroad traffic.
According to some residents, the railroad is the cause of some
of their problems involving the lake and dam. Also, some people
are concerned with the potential threat that exist with the
ammunition cargo transported by the railroad. Any industry
needing rail service and locating along the river or in the vicinity
of Southport would cause increased traffic along the line which
passes through Boiling Spring Lakes.
On the other hand, the railroad preceded the incorporation of the
city -and has seen a steady increase in traffic owing to the further
development of Sunny Point Military Terminal.
The industrial development of Brunswick County in the future will
be enhanced by the existence of the railroad.
Alternative Solutions. Because of the national priority of military
defense capability and reliability, it is unlikely that the railroad
will ever be abandoned or relocated. Unfortunately for the City.,
the only solution appears to be in the area of planning and
requiring appropriate buffers.
53

POLICY STATEMENT C-9. THE CITY IS AWARE OF THE CRITICAL IMPORTANCE
OF THE RAILROAD TO THE REGION, STATE AND NATION. IN RETURN, CON-
SIDERING THE INHERENT HAZARDS INVOLVED WITH THE.OPERATION OF THE
RAILROAD .THE :CITY EXPECTS THE SUNNY POINT MILITARY TERMINAL.?O'BE
RESPONSIBLE FOR THE SAFE OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF.THE LAKE BED -
AND DAM.
Issue C-10. How does the commmity regard energy facility sitings
such as nuclear power plants, oil refineries, coal trans -shipment
facilities and oil transportation facilities?
Owing to the Cityla geography, it is doubtful Boiling Spring Lakes
specifically would be the site for a nuclear power plant or oil
refinery. Because of Carolina Power and Light and Brunswick
Energy Company's previous plans, it is highly probable that Brunswick
County would be the site for energy facilities. It is conceivable
that Boiling Spring Lakes could be in the right -a -way path for
energy products transmission lines such as oil or gas pipelines.
These facilities can be very disruptive to a residential retirement
community.
Alternative Solutions. The general welfare and public interest of
the nation, state and community require that a reliable source of
energy be made available to its citizens. However, unwise develop-
ment of energy facilities can have an adverse effect upon the local
community. Thus, there are two very strong interests to be served.
Any solution would have to entail a balance between the public
benefits of energy development and protection of our valuable
coastal resources.
POLICY STATEMENT C-10. APPLICANTS FOR ENERGY FACILITY SITING IN
BOILING SPRING LAKES SHALL DISCLOSE TO THE CITY ALL COSTS AND
BENEFITS (ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, ENVIRONMENTAL) ASSOCIATED WITH THE
PROJECT. THE SITING OF FACILITIES WILL BE ACCEPTABLE ONLY IF IT
CAN BE DEMONSTRATED THAT LAKE WATERS WILL BE ADEQUATELY PROTECTED,
THE PUBLIC'S RIGHT TO ACCESS WILL NOT BE UNREASONABLY RESTRICTED
AND ALL REASONABLE MITIGATING MEASURES HAVE BEEN TAKEN TO MINIMIZE
IMPACTS TO FRAGILE AREAS.
54

II. D. Public Participation
Public participation is more than a worthy goal. Public
participation insures that the best decision will be made by
first, informing the public and then, soliciting their involve-
ment. The right for public participation is mandated to a
limited extent in the State's open meetings law. Public partici-
pation should be pursued not only in land use planning but in all
local government decision -making.
Issue D-1. How can Boiling Spring Lakes best educate the
pubZic of the issues? The better informed the community,
the more ZikeZy that there wiZZ be better decisions.
The task is not easy in a retirement community because
of absentee property owners.
Alternative Solutions. Beside the traditional questionnaire
surveys and plan summaries, the community could benefit
from an active property owners association and planning
board. These organizations could meet on weekend holidays
semi-annually to discuss important issues in the community.
POLICY STATEMENT 0-1. BOILING SPRING LAKES SHALL APPOINT
ACTIVE COMMUNITY -MINDED CITIZENS TO ITS ADVISORY BOARDS SUCH
AS THE PLANNING BOARD. THE CITY WILL ALSO SUPPORT THE EFFORTS
OF THE PROPERTY OWNERS ASSOCIATION.
Issue D-2. How can Boiling Spring Lakes soZicit the individuaZ's
invoZvement? UnZess an issue affects an individuaZ, they are
not ZikeZy to become invoZved.
Alternative Solutions. Traditionally, advertisements, night
meetings and spot announcements on the electronic media have
been utilized to solicit involvement. These efforts along
with a better description of problems confronting the
community could increase attendance at public informational
meetings.
55

POLICY STATEMENT D-2. BOILING SPRING LAKES RECOGNIZES THE BENEFITS
DERIVED FROM AN INFORMED POPULACE. BOILING SPRING LAKES SHALL
SPONSOR MEETINGS (OTHER THAN REGULARLY SCHEDULED MEETINGS) TO
SOLICIT CITIZENS' OPINIONS ON ISSUES. THESE MEETINGS WILL BE
GIVEN ADVANCED NOTICE.
Issue D-3. Horn can Boiling Spring Lakes have pubZic participation
on a continuing basis?
A Zot depends on the officials' attitude towards pubZic parti-
cipation. If the City welcomes and even encourages pubZic
participation, it wiZZ most ZikeZy increase.
POLICY STATEMENT D-3. IT IS THE POLICY OF BOILING SPRING LAKES
TO WELCOME AND SOLICIT THE PUBLIC'S INVOLVEMENT IN REGARD TO
THE CITY"S. BUSINESS ON A CONTINUING BASIS.

III. LAND CLASSIFICATION AND IMPLEMENTATION
The land classification system provides a framework to be used by
local government to identify the future use of all lands in their
jurisdiction. The designation of land classes allows the local govern-
ment to illustrate their policy statements adopted in Section II.
This illustration describes where and to what density (intensity)
Boiling Spring Lakes wants growth to occur and where they want to con-
serve natural and cultural resources by guiding growth. Although
specific areas are outlined on the Land Classification Map, land classi-
fication is a tool to help implement policies and since it requires
local government and Coastal Resources' -Commission's approval for amend-
ments, it has the effect of a regulatory mechanism. It also provides
guidance to regulatory agencies for permit issuance. The Land Classi-
fication System includes five broad categories. Local governments
can further subdivide these broad classes into more specific classes
if they desire to do so. The five classes are: Developed, Transition,
Community, Rural and Conservation For Boiling Spring Lakes, four
classes: Developed, Transition, Rural and Conservation are applicable.
A. DeveZoped.. The purpose of this classification is to
provide for continued intensive development and re -development
of existing cities. Developed is defined as lands currently
developed for urban purposes at or approaching a density of
500 dwellings per square mile that are provided with usual
municipal or public services including at least public water
and sewer, recreational facilities, police and fire protec-
tion. Areas which exceed the minimum density but do not
have public sewer services may be divided into a separate
class.
B. Transition. The purpose of the transition class is to provide
for future intensive urban development within the ensuing
ten years on lands that are most suitable and will be scheduled
for provision of necessary public utilities and services.
Lands classified transition may include: (1) land currently
57

having urban services, and (2) other lands necessary to
accommodate the urban population and growth anticipated
within the planning jurisdiction.
C. RuraZ. The purpose of the rural class is to provide for
agriculture, forest management, mineral extraction and other
low intensity uses. Residences may be located within
"rural" areas where urban services are not required and
where natural resources will not be permanently impaired.
D. Conservation. The purpose of the conservation class is to
provide for effective long-term management of significantly
limited or irreplaceable areas. This management may be
needed because of its natural, cultural, recreational,
productive or scenic values. The conservation class should
be applied to lands that contain: major wetlands; essen-
tially undeveloped shorelands that are unique, fragile or
hazardous for development; necessary wildlife habitat or
areas that have a high probability for providing necessary
habitat conditions; publicly owned water supply, watersheds
and aquifers; and forest lands that are undeveloped and
will remain undeveloped for commercial purposes.
0

LAND CLASSIFICATION: RELATIONSHIP TO POLICIES AND APPROPRIATE USES
Developed (D)
It is the intent of the Boiling Spring Lakes Land Use Plan that those
highground areas that are already disturbed or occupied with various types
of residential, commercial and industrial activities should be designated
as Developed for land classification purposes. While a municipal water
supply system and wastewater treatment system is not available, this does
not automatically mean widespread pollution problems for Boiling Spring
Lakes. Much depends on the carrying capacity of the natural system,
monitoring by the City on the installation of septic tanks and wells,
periodic maintenance by homeowners with septic tanks, the density permitted
and the community's commitment to implement orderly growth and development.
This is reflected in the City's policies contained in Section II.
This category will cover some land area rated as having very severe
soil limitation. As previously described, this rating is based on
soil characteristics which exist in the soil's natural state. Soil
characteristics can be modified in some instances. The modification for
various uses makes it more expensive to develop. Also, soils are one
limiting factor. If other factors exist along with soils, then they may
constitute "severe physical limitation for urban development" (15 NCAC
7B .0204 (2)(B)(ii) ).
Transition (T)
Transition lands are highground areas which are presently undisturbed
but due to anticipated development in the next ten years, these areas are
logical areas for development and for the provision of services.
These lands are intended to be without major physical hazards or
without the need of costly modifications.
Appropriate uses of land in Developed, Transition and Rural are
59

identified in the land use control ordinances (zoning, subdivision regulation,
and mobile home ordinance) already adopted by the City. Generally, a variety
of residential, commercial, institutional and recreational uses are permitted.
The City must balance the aspirations and needs of its citizens with
the constraints, limitations and resources available to the community.
The policies set forth in Section II is an attempt to balance all these
factors.
Rural (R)
The lands classified Rural are generally sparsely settled areas without
the density required to support urban services. These lands generally repre-
sent large acreage for forest management. While the land may be owned
by a large development company, it is not presently suited or desirable
in terms of efficiency of municipal services to develop.
Conservation (C)
Conservation lands are the lakes and the connecting wetlands. It is
also the intent of this Land Use Plan that lands containing major physical
hazards or those in need of costly modifications to support development
should be classified as Conservation.
However, there is one exception to this Conservation classification
which does not appear on the map. There may be an instance where an on -site
inspection would reveal the need for a U.S. Army Corps of Engineer's wetland
permit (404) which would be beyond the jurisdiction. Since these areas
are very site specific, they are not designated as conservation. Appropriate,
development standards of the U.S. Corps of Engineers would be applicable.

Land Classification. N
E3 Developed .
ZmTransition
QRural
! 'I Conservation
CITY OF BOILNG SPRING
►I PREPMED BY BRUNSWICK COUNTY PLANNING
SCALE: 1" = 4000'
DATE: NOV. G, 1975
s
LAKES
DEPT.

APPENDIX
Listing of State and Federal Regulations

STATE LICENSES AND PERMITS
Agency Licenses and Permits
Department of Natural Resources and - Permits to discharge to surface waters
Community Development or operate waste waster treatment
Division of Environmental Management plants or oil discharge permits; NPDES
Permits, (GS 143-215)
- Permits for land application of waste
water, permits of subsurface disposal
facility owned by public utilities
and subsurface of industrial effluents
- Permits for withdrawal of. surface or
�round waters in capacity use areas
GS 143-215.15)
- Permits for air pollution abatement
facilities and sources (GS 143-215.108)
- Permits for construction of complex
sources; e.g. parking lots, subidivisions
stadiums, etc. (GS 143-215.109)
- Permits for construction of a well
over 100,000 gallons/day (GS 87-88)
Department of Natural Resources and - Permits to dredge and/or fill in
Community Development estuarine waters, tidelands, etc.
Office of Coastal Management (GS 113-229)
- Permits to undertake development
in Areas of Environmental Concern
(GS 113A-118) NOTE: Minor development
permits are issued by the local govern-
ment
Department of Natural Resources and - Permits to alter or construct a dam
Community Development (GS 143-215.66)
Division of Earth Resources - Permits to mine (GS 74-51)
- Permits to drill an ex lor�tory oil
or gas well (GS 113-381�
- Permits to conduct geographical ex-
ploration (GS 113-391)
- Sedimentation erosion control plans
for any land disturbing activity of
over one contiguous acre (GS 1131-54)

-2-
Agency Licenses and Permits
Department of Natural Resources and - Permits to construct an oil refinery
Community Development
Secretary of NRCD
Department of Administration - Easements to fill where lands are
proposed to be raised above the nor-
mal high water mark of navigable
waters by filling (GS 146.6(c))
Department of Human Resources - Approval to operate a solid waste
disposal site or facility (GS 130-
166.16)
- Approval for construction of any
public water supply facility that
furnishes water to ten or more
residences (GS 130-160.1)
(With County Health Depts.)
- Permits for wastewater (package)
treatment plants with subsurface
disposal including septic tanks.
(excluding facilities operated
by public utilities)

FEDERAL LICENSES AND PERMITS
Agency Licenses and Permits
Army Corps of Engineers - Permits required under Sections 9
(Department of Defense) and 10 of the Rivers and Harbors
of 1899; permits to construct in
navigable waters
Coast Guard
(Department of Transportation)
Geological Survey
Bureau of Land Management
(Department of Interior)
- Permits required under Section 103
of the Marine Protection, Research
and Sanctuaries Act of 1972
- Permits required under Section 404
of the Federal Water Pollution Con-
trol Act of 1972; permits to under-
take dredging and/or filling acti-
vities
- Permits for bridges, causeways,
pipelines over navigable waters;
required under the General Bridge Act
of 1946 and the Rivers and Harbors
Act of 1899
- Deep water port permits
- Permits required for off -shore dril-
ling
- Approvals of OCS pipeline corridor
rights -of -way
Nuclear Regulatory Commission - Licenses for siting, construction
and operation of nuclear power plants;
required under the Atomic Energy Act
of 1954 and Title II of the Energy
Reorganization Act of 1974

-2-
Agency Licenses and Permits
Federal Energy Regulatory Commission - Permits for construction, operation
and maintenance of interstate pipe-
lines facilities required under the
Natural Gas Act of 1938.
- Orders of interconnection of elec-
tric transmission facilities under
Section 202(b) of the Federal Power
Act .
- Permission required for abandonment
of natural gas pipeline and asso-
ciated facilities under Section 7C
(b) of the Natural Gas Act of 1938
- Licenses for non-federal hydroelectric
projects and associated transmission
lines under Sections 4 and 15 of the
Federal Power Act