19970659 Ver 1_Complete File_19970725

State of North Carolina
Department of Environment,
Health and Natural Resources
Division of Water Quality
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor
Jonathan B. Howes, Secretary
A. Preston Howard, Jr., P.E., Director
C) F= F1
August 27, 1997
Henderson County
WQC 401 Project #970659
T]P# B-2575
APPROVAL of 401 Water Quality Certification and ADDITIONAL CONDITIONS
Mr. Franklin Vick
N.C.Dept. of Transportation
Planning and Environmental Branch
P.O. Box 25201
Raleigh, NC 27611-5201
Dear Mr. Vick:
You have our approval, in accordance with the attached conditions, to place temporary fill material in acres
of wetlands or waters for the purpose of replacing Bridge 61 on SR 1836, as you described in your application
dated 25 July 1997. After reviewing your application, we have decided that this fill is covered by General Water
Quality Certification Numbers 3107 and 3114. These Certifications allow you to use Nationwide Permit
Numbers 23 and 33 when they are issued by the Corps of Engineers. In addition, you should get any other
federal, state or local permits before you go ahead with your project including (but not limited to) Sediment and
Erosion Control, Coastal Stormwater, Non-Discharge and Water Supply Watershed regulations. Also this
approval will expire when the accompanying 404 or CAMA permit expires unless otherwise specified in the
General Certification. This Certification replaces the one issued on 1 August 1997.
This approval is only valid for the purpose and design that you described in your application. If you change
your project, you must notify us and you may be required to send us a new application. If total wetland fills for
this project (now or in the future) exceed one acre, compensatory mitigation may be required as described in 15A
NCAC 2H.0506 (h). For this approval to be valid, you must follow the conditions listed in the attached
certification. Sediment and erosion control measures shall adhere to the design standards for sensitive watersheds
(T 15A:04B .0024).
If you do not accept any of the conditions of this certification, you may ask for an adjudicatory hearing.
You must act within 60 days of the date that you receive this letter. To ask for a hearing, send a written petition
which conforms to Chapter 150B of the North Carolina General Statutes to the Office of Administrative
Hearings, P.O. Box 27447, Raleigh, N.C. 27611-7447. This certification and its conditions are final and
binding unless you ask for a hearing.
This letter completes the review of the Division of Water Quality under Section 401 of the Clean Water
Act. If you have any questions, please telephone John Dorney at 919-733-1786.
Sincerely,
Ptt Howar J fA
Jr. PP. E.
Attachment
cc: Wilmington District Corps of Engineers
Corps of Engineers Asheville Feld Office
Asheville DWQ Regional Office
Mr. John Dorney
Central Files
9706591tr
Division of Water Quality - Environmental Sciences Branch
Environmental Sciences Branch, 4401 Reedy Creek Rd., Raleigh, NC 27607 Telephone [phone] FAX # [phone]
An Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer • 500/9 recycled/10% post consumer paper
State of North Carolina
Department of Environment,
Health and Natural Resources
Division of Water Quality
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor
Jonathan B. Howes, Secretary
A. Preston Howard, Jr., P.E., Director
APPROVAL of 401 Water Quality Certification
Mr. Franklin Vick
N.C.Dept. of Transportation
Planning and Environmental Branch
P.O. Box 25201
Raleigh, NC 27611-5201
Dear Mr. Vick:
LT!;WA
Ar4i 0
AM- L
[D EHNF?
August 1, 1997
Henderson County
WQC 401 Project #970659
TIP# B-2575
You have our approval, in accordance with the attached conditions, to place temporary fill material in
acres of wetlands or waters for the purpose of replacing Bridge 61 on SR 1836, as you described in your
application dated 25 July 1997. After reviewing your application, we have decided that this fill is covered by
General Water Quality Certification Numbers 3107 and 3114. These Certifications allow you to use
Nationwide Permit Numbers 23 and 33 when they are issued by the Corps of Engineers. In addition, you
should get any other federal, state or local permits before you go ahead with your project including (but not
limited to) Sediment and Erosion Control, Coastal Stormwater, Non-Discharge and Water Supply Watershed
regulations. Also this approval will expire when the accompanying 404 or CAMA permit expires unless
otherwise specified in the General Certification.
This approval is only valid for the purpose and design that you described in your application. If you
change your project, you must notify us and you may be required to send us a new application. If total
wetland fills for this project (now or in the future) exceed one acre, compensatory mitigation may be required
as described in 15A NCAC 2H .0506 (h). For this approval to be valid, you must follow the conditions
listed in the attached certification.
If you do not accept any of the conditions of this certification, you may ask for an adjudicatory hearing.
You must act within 60 days of the date that you receive this letter. To ask for a hearing, send a written
petition which conforms to Chapter 150B of the North Carolina General Statutes to the Office of
Administrative Hearings, P.O. Box 27447, Raleigh, N.C. 27611-7447. This certification and its conditions
are fatal and binding unless you ask for a hearing.
This letter completes the review of the Division of Water Quality under Section 401 of the Clean Water
Act. If you have any questions, please telephone John Domey at 919-733-1786.
Sincerely,
0t4on:owjd',)Jr. P
Attachment
cc: Wilmington District Corps of Engineers
Corps of Engineers Asheville Field Office
Asheville DWQ Regional Office
Mr. John Dorney
Central Files
970659.1tr
Division of Water Duality - Environmental Sciences Branch
Environmental Sciences Branch, 4401 Reedy Creek Rd., Raleigh, NC 27607 Telephone [phone] FAX # [phone]
An Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer • 50% recycled/10% post consumer paper

STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
JAMES B. HUNT JR. DIVISION OF HIGHWAYS GARLAND B. GARREIT JR.
GovrRNOR P.O. BOX 25201, RALEIGI1, N.C. 27611-5201 SECRETARY
25 July 1997
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
Regulatory Field Office
P. O. Box 1890
Wilmington, NC 28402-1890
ATTN: Mr. Cliff Winefordner
970659

Chief, Southern Section
Dear Sir:
SUBJECT: APPLICATION FOR NWP 23 AND A NWP 33 TO REPLACE BRIDGE
NO. 61 OVER THE GREEN RIVER ON SR 1836, HENDERSON
COUNTY, B-2575.
Attached is a copy of the CE document, the Natural Resources Technical Report,
the Pre-Construction Notification Application and accompanying drawings for the subject
project. The project is being processed by the Federal Highway Administration as a
"Categorical Exclusion" in accordance with 23 CFR 771.115(b). Therefore, we do not
anticipate requesting an individual permit but propose to proceed under a Nationwide
Permit in accordance with 33 CFR 330 Appendix A (B-23) issued December 13, 1997,
by the Corps of Engineers. The provisions of Section 330.4 and appendix A (C) of these
regulations will be followed during construction.
Temporary causeways are required for removal and installation of bridge piers.
Construction of the causeways will require a total of 0.08 acre of temporary fill in surface
waters. No wetlands will be impacted. The fill material will consist of Class II rip rap
and Class I rip rap (referred to as washed stone in the drawin-?s) from a quarry determined
by the contractor and together will total approximately 870 y. Prior to construction,
reference elevations will be taken in both temporary fill areas before the causeway is
built. Following construction, all temporary till will be removed. The area will be
restored to its original contour and rough surface texture based on the reference
elevations. The area is expected to recover naturally, since the topsoil and seed source
Eco
2
will not be removed. No additional planting is proposed. The causeways will be in place
for approximately 4 months during the summer and early fall. Construction of this
causeway is detailed in the attached drawings.
Please review the above mentioned activities for authorization under Section 404
Nationwide Permit 23 (Categorical Exclusion) and Nationwide Permit 33 (Temporary
Construction Access and Dewatering). By copy of this letter, it is also requested that the
General Water Quality Certifications # 3107 and # 3114 be issued by the North Carolina
Division of Water Quality. Since this project occurs in a designated trout county, a copy
of this application is also being provided to the N. C. Wildlife Resources Commission for
their review.
If you have any questions or need any additional information, please contact Mr.
Michael Wood at [phone] extension 306.
Sincerely,
H. Franklin Vick, PE, Manager
Planning and Environmental Branch
cc: w/ attachment
Mr. Steve Lund, COE, NCDOT Coordinator
Mrs. Stephanie Goudreau, NCWRC, Marion
Mr. John Dorney, Division of Water Quality
Mr. William J. Rogers, P.E., Structure Design
w/o attachments
Mr. Tom Shearin, P.E., Roadway Design
Mr. Kelly Barger, P.E., Program Development
Mr. R. L. Hill, P.E., Highway Design
Mr. A. L. Hankins, P.E., Hydraulics
Mr. F. D. Martin, P.E., Division 14 Engineer
Mr. William Goodwin, P.E., Planning & Environmental
I
DEM ID: CORPS ACTION ID: T.I.P. No. B-2575
NATIONWIDE PERMIT REQUESTED (PROVIDE NATIONWIDE PERMIT #) NW? 33
PRE-CONSTRUCTION NOTIFICATION APPLICATION
FOR NATIONWIDE PERMITS THAT REQUIRE:
1) NOTIFICATION TO THE CORPS OF ENGINEERS
2) APPLICATION FOR SECTION 401 CERTIFICATION
3) COORDINATION WITH THE NC DIVISION OF COASTAL MANAGEMENT
SEND THE ORIGINAL AND (1) COPY OF THIS COMPLETED FORM TO THE APPROPRIATE
FIELD OFFICE OF THE CORPS OF ENGINEERS (SEE AGENCY ADDRESSES SHEET). SEVEN
(7) COPIES SHOULD BE SENT TO THE N.C. DIVISION OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(SEE AGENCY ADDRESSES SHEET). PLEASE PRINT.
1. OWNERS NAME: NC Dept. of Transportation; Planning & Environmental Branch
2. MAILING ADDRESS: Post Office Box 25201
SUBDIVISION NAME:
CITY: Raleigh STATE: NC ZIP CODE: 27611
PROJECT LOCATION ADDRESS, INCLUDING SUBDIVISION NAME (IF DIFFERENT FROM
MAILING ADDRESS ABOVE):
3. TELEPHONE NUMBER (HOME):
(WORK): [phone]
4. IF APPLICABLE: AGENT'S NAME OR RESPONSIBLE CORPORATE OFFICIAL, ADDRESS,
PHONE NUMBER:
H. Franklin Vick. P.E.
5. LOCATION OF WORK (PROVIDE A MAP, PREFERABLY A COPY OF USGS TOPOGRAPHIC MAP
OR AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY WITH SCALE):
COUNTY: Henderson NEAREST TOWN OR CITY: Zirconia
1
I I
SPECIFIC LOCATION (INCLUDE ROAD
NUMBERS, LANDMARKS, ETC.): On SR 1836 (Powerhouse Road) at the Duke
Power Company Hydro Electric Plant, Bridge No. 61
6. IMPACTED OR NEAREST STREAM/RIVER: Green River
RIVER BASIN: Santee River Basin
7a. IS PROJECT LOCATED NEAR WATER CLASSIFIED AS TROUT,
HIGH QUALITY WATERS (HQW), OUTSTANDING RESOURCE WATERS
(WS-I OR WS-II)? YES [x] NO [ ] IF YES, EXPLAIN: _
Classified as trout waters
7b. IS THE PROJECT LOCATED WITHIN A NORTH CAROLINA DIVISION OF COASTAL
MANAGEMENT AREA OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERN (AEC)? YES [ ] NO [x]
7c. IF THE PROJECT IS LOCATED WITHIN A COASTAL COUNTY (SEE PAGE 7 FOR LIST
OF COASTAL COUNTIES), WHAT IS THE LAND USE PLAN (LUP) DESIGNATION? N/A
8a. HAVE ANY SECTION 404 PERMITS BEEN PREVIOUSLY REQUESTED FOR USE ON THIS
PROPERTY? YES [ ) NO [x] IF YES, PROVIDE ACTION I.D. NUMBER OF PREVIOUS
PERMIT AND ANY ADDITIONAL INFORMATION (INCLUDE PHOTOCOPY OF 401
CERTIFICATION):
8b. ARE ADDITIONAL PERMIT REQUESTS EXPECTED FOR THIS PROPERTY IN THE FUTURE?
YES [x] NO [ ] IF YES, DESCRIBE ANTICIPATED WORK:
Joint application for a NWP 23 and NWP 33
TIDAL SALTWATER (SA),
(ORW), WATER SUPPLY
2
i L
9a. ESTIMATED TOTAL NUMBER OF ACRES IN TRACT OF LAND: See CE document
9b. ESTIMATED TOTAL NUMBER OF ACRES OF WETLANDS LOCATED ON PROJECT SITE:
None
10a. NUMBER OF ACRES OF WETLANDS IMPACTED BY THE PROPOSED PROJECT BY:
FILLING:
FLOODING:
DRAINAGE:
EXCAVATION:
OTHER:
TOTAL ACRES TO BE IMPACTED:
10b. (1) STREAM CHANNEL TO BE IMPACTED BY THE PROPOSED PROJECT (IF
RELOCATED, PROVIDE DISTANCE BOTH BEFORE AND AFTER RELOCATION):
LENGTH BEFORE: FT AFTER: FT
WIDTH BEFORE (based on normal high water contours): FT
WIDTH AFTER:
AVERAGE DEPTH BEFORE: FT AFTER:
FT
(2) STREAM CHANNEL IMPACTS WILL RESULT FROM: (CHECK ALL THAT APPLY)
OPEN CHANNEL RELOCATION: PLACEMENT OF PIPE IN CHANNEL:
CHANNEL EXCAVATION: CONSTRUCTION OF A DAM/FLOODING:
OTHER: Placement of temporary causeway in river to allow construction of the
interior bents.
11. IF CONSTRUCTION OF A POND IS PROPOSED, WHAT IS THE SIZE OF THE WATERSHED
DRAINING TO THE POND? N/A
WHAT IS THE EXPECTED POND SURFACE AREA?
12. DESCRIPTION OF PROPOSED WORK INCLUDING DISCUSSION OF TYPE OF MECHANICAL
EQUIPMENT TO BE USED (ATTACH PLANS: S 1/2" X 11" DRAWINGS ONLY):
Heavy construction equipment necessary to construct temporary causeway
and proposed bridge. See attached drawings for limits of work.
13. PURPOSE OF PROPOSED WORK: Bridge replacement.
3
14. STATE REASONS WHY IT IS BELIEVED THAT THIS ACTIVITY MUST BE CARRIED OUT
IN WETLANDS. (INCLUDE ANY MEASURES TAKEN TO MINIMIZE WETLAND IMPACTS):
See CE document.
15. YOU ARE REQUIRED TO CONTACT THE U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE (USFWS)
AND/OR NATIONAL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE (NMFS) (SEE AGENCY ADDRESSES SHEET)
REGARDING THE PRESENCE OF ANY FEDERALLY LISTED OR PROPOSED FOR LISTING
ENDANGERED OR THREATENED SPECIES OR CRITICAL HABITAT IN THE PERMIT AREA THAT
MAY BE AFFECTED BY THE PROPOSED PROJECT. DATE CONTACTED: See CE document
(ATTACH RESPONSES FROM THESE AGENCIES.)
16. YOU ARE REQUIRED TO CONTACT THE STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICER
(SHPO) (SEE AGENCY ADDRESSES SHEET) REGARDING THE PRESENCE OF HISTORIC
PROPERTIES IN THE PERMIT AREA WHICH MAY BE AFFECTED BY THE PROPOSED PROJECT.
DATE CONTACTED: See CE document
17. DOES THE PROJECT INVOLVE AN EXPENDITURE OF PUBLIC FUNDS OR THE USE OF
PUBLIC (STATE) LAND?
YES [x] NO [] (IF NO, GO TO 18)
a. IF YES, DOES THE PROJECT REQUIRE PREPARATION OF AN ENVIRONMENTAL
DOCUMENT PURSUANT TO THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE NORTH CAROLINA ENVIRONMENTAL
POLICY ACT?
YES [xl NO [I
b. IF YES, HAS THE DOCUMENT BEEN REVIEWED THROUGH THE NORTH CAROLINA
DEPARTMENT OF ADMINISTRATION STATE CLEARINGHOUSE?
YES [x] NO [
IF ANSWER TO 17b IS YES, THEN SUBMIT APPROPRIATE DOCUMENTATION FROM THE STATE
CLEARINGHOUSE TO DIVISION OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT REGARDING COMPLIANCE
WITH THE NORTH CAROLINA ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ACT.
QUESTIONS REGARDING THE STATE CLEARINGHOUSE REVIEW PROCESS SHOULD BE DIRECTED
TO MS. CHRYS BAGGETT, DIRECTOR STATE CLEARINGHOUSE, NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT
OF ADMINISTRATION, 116 WEST JONES STREET, RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA 27603-8003,
TELEPHONE [phone].
4
18. THE FOLLOWING ITEMS SHOULD BE INCLUDED WITH THIS APPLICATION IF PROPOSED
ACTIVITY INVOLVES THE DISCHARGE OF EXCAVATED OR FILL MATERIAL INTO WETLANDS:
a. WETLAND DELINEATION MAP SHOWING ALL WETLANDS, STREAMS, LAKES
AND PONDS ON THE PROPERTY (FOR NATIONWIDE PERMIT NUMBERS 14, 18, 21, 26, 29,
AND 38). ALL STREAMS (INTERMITTENT AND PERMANENT) ON THE PROPERTY MUST BE
SHOWN ON THE MAP. MAP SCALES SHOULD BE 1 INCH EQUALS 50 FEET OR 1 INCH
EQUALS 100 FEET OR THEIR EQUIVALENT.
b. IF AVAILABLE, REPRESENTATIVE PHOTOGRAPH OF WETLANDS TO BE
IMPACTED BY PROJECT.
C. IF DELINEATION WAS PERFORMED BY A CONSULTANT, INCLUDE ALL DATA
SHEETS RELEVANT TO THE PLACEMENT OF THE DELINEATION LINE.
d. ATTACH A COPY OF THE_STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PLAN IF REQUIRED.
e. WHAT IS LAND USE OF SURROUNDING PROPERTY? Rural/mountains
f. IF APPLICABLE, WHAT IS PROPOSED METHOD OF SEWAGE DISPOSAL? N/A
g. SIGNED AND DATED AGENT AUTHORIZATION LETTER, IF APPLICABLE.
NOTE: WETLANDS OR WATERS OF THE U.S. MAY NOT BE IMPACTED PRIOR TO:
1) ISSUANCE OF A SECTION 404 CORPS OF ENGINEERS PERMIT,
2) EITHER THE ISSUANCE OR WAIVER OF A 401 DIVISION OF
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT (WATER QUALITY) CERTIFICATION, AND
3) (IN THE TWENTY COASTAL COUNTIES ONLY), A LETTER FROM THE NORTH
CAROLINA DIVISION OF COASTAL MANAGEMENT STATING THE PROPOSED ACTIVITY
IS CONSISTENT WITH THE NORTH CAROLINA COASTAL MANAGEMENT PROGRAM.
0 R'S/AGENT'S SIGNATURE
7 DA(fE
(AGENT'S SIGNATURE VALID ONLY
IF AUTHORIZATION LETTER FROM
THE OWNER IS PROVIDED (18g.))

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N. C. DEPT. OF TRANSPORTATION
DIVISION Or HIGHWAYS
HENDERSON COUNTY
PROJECT: 8.2950901 B-2575
BRIDGE NO. 61 OVER
GREEN RIVER ON SR 1836
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HENDERSON COUNTY
DENOTES CAUSEWAY PROJECT: 8.2950901 B-2575
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SHEET S OF S
TIP Project No.: B-2575
State Project No. 8,2950901
Federal-Aid Project No. BRZ-1836(1)
A. Project Description :
NCDOT will replace Bridge No. 61 on SR 1836 over the Green River in
Henderson County. The bridge will be replaced at the existing location with a bridge
approximately 36.6 meters (120 feet) long and 6.6 meters (22 feet) wide. The new bridge
will have a 5.4 meter (18 foot) travelway with a 0.6 meter (2 foot) offset on each side.
Traffic will be detoured on existing secondary roads during construction. (See Figure 1).
B. P=ose and Need:
Bridge No. 61 has a sufficiency rating of 22.9 out of 100.0. The deck of Bridge
No. 61 is only 4.9 meters (16 feet) wide and provides only one travel lane. The existing
bridge is posted at 7 tons for single vehicles and 12 tons for Truck-tractor Semi-trailers.
For these reasons the existing bridge needs to be replaced.
C: Proposed Improvements:
Circle one or more of the following improvements which apply to the project:
1. Modernization of a highway by resurfacing, restoration, rehabilitation,
reconstruction, adding shoulders, or adding auxiliary lanes (e.g., parking weaving,
turning, climbing).
a. Restoring, Resurfacing, Rehabilitating, and Reconstructing pavement
(3R and 4R improvements)
b. Widening roadway and shoulders without adding through lanes
c. Modernizing gore treatments
d. Constructing lane improvements (merge, auxiliary, and turn lanes)
e. Adding shoulder drains
f. Replacing and rehabilitating culverts, inlets, and drainage pipes, including
safety treatments
g. Providing driveways pipes
h. Performing minor bridge widening ( less than one through lane)
2. Highway safety or traffic operations improvement projects including the
installation of ramp metering control devices and lighting.
a. Installing ramp metering devices
b. Installing lights
c. Adding or upgrading guardrail
d. Installing safety barriers including Jersey type barriers and pier protection
e. Installing or replacing impact attenuators
f. Upgrading medians including adding or upgrading median barriers
g. Improving intersections including relocation and/ or realignment
h. Making minor roadway realignment
i. Channelizing traffic
j. Performing clear zone safety improvements including removing hazards
and flattening slopes
k. Implementing traffic aid systems, signals, and motorist aid
1. Installing bridge safety hardware including bridge rail retrofit
3. Bridge rehabilitation, reconstruction, or replacement or the construction of
grade separation replace existing at-grade railroad crossings.
a. Rehabilitating, reconstructing, or replacing bridge approach slabs
b. Rehabilitating or replacing bridge decks
c. Rehabilitating bridges including painting ( no red lead paint), scour
repair, fender systems, and minor structural improvements
Replacing a bridge (structure and/ or fill)
4. Transportation corridor fringe parking facilities.
Construction of new truck weigh stations or rest areas.
6. Approvals for disposal of excess right-of-way or for joint or limited use of
right-of-way, where the proposed use does not have significant adverse
impacts.
7. Approvals for changes in access control.
8. Construction of -new bus storage and maintenance facilities in areas used
predominantly for industrial or transportation purposes where such construction is
not inconsistent with existing zoning and located on or near a street with adequate
capacity to handle anticipated bus and support vehicle traffic.
9. Rehabilitation or reconstruction of existing rail and bus buildings and ancillary
facilities where only minor amounts of additional land are required and there is not a
substantial increase in the number of users.
10. Construction of bus transfer facilities (an open area consisting of passenger
shelters, boarding areas, kiosks and related street improvements ) when located in a
commercial area or other high activity center in which there is adequate street
capacity for projected bus traffic.
11. Construction of rail storage and maintenance facilities in areas used
predominantly for industrial or transportation purposes where such construction is
not inconsistent with existing zoning and where there is no significant noise impact
on the surrounding community.
12. Acquisition of land for hardship or protective purposes, advance land
acquisition loans under section 3 (b) of the UMT Act. Hardship and protective
buying will be permitted only for a particular parcel or a limited number of parcels.
These types of land acquisition will not limit the evaluation of alternatives, including
shifts in alignment for planned construction projects, which may be required in the
NEPA process. No project development on such land may proceed until the NEPA
process has been completed.
D. Special Project Information
Environmental Commitments:
All standard measures will be implemented to avoid or minimize environmental
impacts.
2. In accordance with. the provisions of Section 404 of the Clean Water Act (33
U.S.C. 1344), a permit will be required from the Corps of Engineers for the
discharge of dredged or fill material into "Waters of the United States." A Corps
of Engineers Nationwide Permit # 23 will be applicable for this project.
A North Carolina Division of Environmental Management (DEM) Section 401
Water Quality General Certification will be obtained prior to issue of the Corps of
Engineers Nationwide Permit # 23.
4. Concrete will be allowed to dry before it is allowed to come into contact with
river water.
5. All areas of soil disturbance associated with construction should be stabilized with
vegetation within 15 days of completion of work.
6. Access to the adjacent parking area and river banks shall be maintained
throughout construction.
7. Prior to the demolition of Bridge No. 61, the NCDOT will record Bridge No. 61
in accordance with the Historic Structure Recordation Plan.
Estimated Costs:
Construction $ 250,000
Right of Way $ 37,000
Total $ 287,000
Estimated Traffic:
Current - 100 VPD
Year 2020 - 200 VPD
Proposed Typical Roadway Section:
The approach roadway will be 5.4 meters (18 feet) wide with shoulder widths of
at least 0.6 meters (2 feet). Shoulders will be increased to at least 1.5 meters (5 feet)
where guardrail is warranted. The roadway approaches of Bridge No. 61 will be paved for
approximately 30.5 meters (100 feet) in each direction.
Design Speed:
Based on initial design, it appears that the design speed will be approximately
30 km/h (20 mph). A design exception will be required due to this low design speed.
Functional Classification:
SR 1306 is classified as a Rural Local Route in the Statewide Functional
Classification System.
Division Office Comments:
The Division Engineer recommends SR 1836 be closed during construction and
traffic be detoured along existing local roads during construction (See Figure 1).
E. Threshold Criteria
If any Type II actions are involved in the project, the following evaluation must
be completed. If the project consists g& of Type I improvements, the following
checklist does not need to be Completed.
ECOLOGICAL YES NO
(1) Will the project have a substantial impact on any ? X
unique or important natural resource? -
4
(2) Does the project involve any habitat where federally ? X
listed endangered or threatened species may occur?
(3) Will the project affect anadromous fish? X
(4) If the project involves wetlands, is the amount of
permanent and/or temporary wetland taking less than
one-third (1/3) acre and have all practicable measures X ?
to avoid and minimize takings been evaluated?
(5) Will the project require use of U. S. Forest Service lands? El X
(6) Will the quality of adjacent water resources be adversely X
impacted by proposed construction activities? FI (7) Does the project involve waters classified as Outstanding
Water Resources (OWR) and/or High Quality Waters
(HQW)? F1 X
-
(8) Will the project require fill in waters of the United States ? -
in any of the designated mountain trout counties? X
(9) Does the project involve any known underground storage
tanks (UST's) or hazardous materials sites? X
PERMITS AND COORDINATION YES NO
(10) If the project is located within a CAMA county, will the
project significantly affect the coastal zone and/or any ? X
"Area of Environmental Concern" (AEC)? -
(11) Does the project involve Coastal Barrier Resources Act ? X
resources? -
(12) Willa U. S. Coast Guard permit be required? El X
(13) Will the project result in the modification of any existing a X
regulatory floodway? -
5

(14) Will the project require any stream relocations or channel X
changes?
SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC YES NO
(15) Will the project induce substantial impacts to planned ? X
growth or land use for the area?
(16) Will the project require the relocation of any family or X
business?
(17) If the project involves the acquisition of right of way, is the X ?
amount of right of way acquisition considered minor? -
(18) Will the project involve any changes in access control? F-1 X
-
(19) Will the project substantially alter the usefulness and/ or land ? X
use of any adjacent property? -
(20) Will the project have an adverse effect on permanent local X
traffic patterns or community cohesiveness? -
(21) Is the project included in an approved thoroughfare plan
and/ or Transportation Improvement Program (and is, X ?
therefore, in conformance with the Clean Air Act of 1990)?
(22) Is the project anticipated to cause an increase in traffic ? X
volumes?
(23) Will traffic be maintained during construction using existing X ?
roads, staged construction, or on-site detours?
(24) Is there substantial controversy on social, economic, or ? X
environmental grounds concerning the project?
6
(25) Is the project consistent with all Federal, State, and local x ?
laws relating to the environmental aspects of the action?
YES NO
(26) Will the project have an "effect" on properties eligible for
or listed on the National Register of Historic Places? FX1
(27) Will the project require the use of Section 4(f) resources
(public parks, recreation lands, wildlife and waterfowl X
Section 4(f) of the U. S. Department of Transportation
Act of 1966) ?
(28) Will the project involve construction in, across, or adjacent
to a river designated as a component of or proposed for ? X
inclusion in the natural Wild and Scenic Rivers?
F. Additional Documentation Rea»ired for Unfavorable Responses in Part E
(Discussion regarding all unfavorable responses in Part E should be provided
below. Additional supporting documentation may be attached as necessary.)
Response to question 26 on page 7 - "effect" on National Register properties.
Bridge No 61 is considered eligible for the National Register of Historic Places.
See attached programmatic 4(f) evaluation for full details on the status and disposition of
this historic bridge.
7
G. CE Approval
TIP Project No.: B-2575
State Project No. 8,2950901
Federal-Aid Project No. BRZ-18360
NCDOT will replace Bridge No. 61 on SR 1836 over the Green River in
Henderson County. The bridge will be replaced at the existing location with a bridge
approximately 36.6 meters (120 feet) long and 6.6 meters (22 feet) wide. The new bridge
will have a 5.4 meter (18 foot) travelway with a 0.6 meter (2 foot) offset on each side.
Traffic will be detoured on existing secondary roads during construction. (See Figure 1).
Categorical Exclusion Action Classification: (Check one)
TYPE II (A)
_X TYPE II (B)
.3 43-99
Date Assistant Manager
Planning & Environmental Branch
342-97

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Date Project Planning Engineer
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LEGEND
STUDIED DETOUR ROUTE
NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF
TRANSPORTATION
DIVISION OF HIGHWAYS
PLANNING AND ENVIRONMENTAL
BRANCH
BRIDGE NO. 61
ON SR 1836 OVER GREEN RIVER
HENDERSON COUNTY
T. I. P. NO. B - 2575
FIG. 1
0 kilometers 3.1 0 miles 2
1 I I 1 1 1
® North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission
512 N. Salisbury Street, Raleigh, North Carolina 27604-1188, 919-733-3391
Charles R. Fullwood, Executive Director
MEMORANDUM
TO: L. J. Ward, P. E., Manager
Planning and Environmental Branch, NCDOT
FROM: David L. Yow, Highway Project Coordinator
Habitat Conservation Program
Date: March 4, 1993
SUBJECT: N. C. Department of Transportation (NCDOT) Bridge
Replacement, Bridge No. 61 on SR1836 over Green River,
Henderson County, North Carolina, TIP No. B-2575.
The N. C. Wildlife Resources Commission (NCWRC) has
completed a review of the proposed bridge replacement and
possible impacts on existing wildlife and fishery resources in
the project area. Our comments are provided in accordance with
provisions of the National Environmental Policy Act (42 U.S.C.
4332 (2)(C)), and the Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act (48
Stat. 401, as amended; 16 U.S.C. 661-667d).
The proposed work involves replacement of an obsolete
bridge, with a possible alternative of rehabilitation of the
existing structure. The segment of Green River involved is
classified as Hatchery-Supported Designated Public Mountain Trout
Waters, and erosion and sedimentation from bridge construction
may adversely affect fish habitat. The NCWRC prefers the
rehabilitation alternative, since instream and riparian
disturbance would be largely avoided. No on-site detour
structure should be placed in the stream under any replacement
alternative.
The NCWRC recommends the following precautions to protect
trout habitat:
1) No live concrete should be allowed to contact river
waters during construction.
Memo Page 2 March 4, 1993
2) All areas of soil disturbance associated with
construction should be stabilized with vegetation within
15 days of completion of work.
3) Access to adjacent parking area and river banks should
be maintained throughout construction.
4) Strict erosion and sedimentation control measures should
be implemented and maintained throughout construction.
5) If bridge rehabilitation occurs, sand-blasted materials
should be prevented from entering the stream.
Henderson County is considered a "Trout Water County" with
respect to the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers Discretionary
Authority on Nationwide Permits. Projects within such counties
will require NCWRC review of the Nationwide Permit application
and attending "Categorical Exclusion" document prior to
construction. Inclusion of the mitigation measures recommended
above within the environmental document should facilitate rapid
and favorable review of subsequent permits.
Thank you for the opportunity to provide input to the early
planning stages for this project. If I can further assist your
office, please contact me at [phone].
CC: Micky Clemmons, District 9 Fisheries Biologist
Stephanie Goudreau, Mtn. Region Habitat Biologist
Wayne Fedora, Project Planning Engineer, NCDOT

Federal Aid # IM-L. Isar , TIP -rur 1? • ?^-14 County Hero s•?l
CONCURRENCE FORM
FOR
ASSESSMENT OF EFFECTS
Brief Project Description
l_"mow V,04oGx 1.10, `I .w
On Awaww- 22 , IM fo , representatives of the
? North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT)
Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)
? North Carolina State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO)
Other
reviewed the subject project.and agreed
there are no effects on the National Register-listed property within the project's
area of potential effect and listed on the reverse.
there are no effects on the National Register-eligible properties located within the
project's area of potential effect and listed on the reverse.
there is an effect on the National Register-listed property/properties within the
project's area of potential effect. The property-properties and the effect(s) are
listed on the reverse.
? there is an effect on the National Register-eligible property/properties within the
project's area of potential eirect. The property/properties and effect(s) are listed
on the reverse.
Siened:
S /-Z2 INO
Repr en ativ : CDOT, Historic rlrchitecwral Resources Section Dat
FHWA, or the Divisi Administrator, or other Federal Agency Date
Representative, 3HPO vate'
tare Historic Preservation Officer / Dace
(over)
i OPTIONAL FORM !6 (7.90)
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Mr. Nicholas L. Graf, P.E. MAR 3 OT
Division Administrator
Federal Highway Administration, Region 4
U. S. Department of Transportation
310 New Bern Avenue, Suite 410
Raleigh NC 27601
REF: Replacement of Bridge 61 on SR 1836 over Green River
Henderson County, North Carolina
Dear Mr. Graf
The enclosed Memorandum of Agreement for the referenced project has been accepted by the
Council. This acceptance completes the requirements of Section 106 of the National Historic
Preservation Act and the Council's regulations. We recommend that you provide a copy of the
fully-executed Agreement to the North Carolina State Historic Preservation Officer.
I apologise for our delay in executing this agreement. Should you have any questions, please
contact me at [phone].
Sincerely,
Ralston Cox
Historic Preservation Analyst
Office of Planning and Review
Enclosure
MEMORANDUM OF AGREEMENT
SUBMITTED TO THE ADVISORY COUNCIL ON HISTORIC PRESERVATION
PURSUANT TO 36 CFR 800.6(a)
REGARDING THE REPLACEMENT OF BRIDGE NO. 61
ON SR 1836 OVER GREEN RIVER
HENDERSON COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
TIP NO. B-2575, STATE PROJECT NO. 8.2950901
FEDERAL AID NO. BRZ-1836(1)
WHEREAS, the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) has determined that
replacement of Bridge No. 61 on SR 1836 over Green River in Henderson County, North
Carolina (the undertaking), will have an effect upon the bridge, a property eligible for
inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places; and has consulted with the North
Carolina State Historic Preservation Officer (SHPO) pursuant to 36 CFR Section 800,
regulations implementing Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act (16
U.S.C. 4700; and
WHEREAS, the North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) has participated
in the consultation and has been invited to concur in this Memorandum of Agreement;
and
WHEREAS, the Bridge Maintenance Unit of NCDOT has investigated the feasibility of
potential future reuse of Bridge No. 61 subsequent to its replacement, and found that due
to deterioration and extensive corrosion caused by rust, the bridge is structurally
unsuitable for relocation and continued use;
NOW, THEREFORE, the FHWA and the North Carolina SHPO agree that the
undertaking shall be implemented in accordance with the following stipulations in order
to take in to account the effect of the undertaking on Bridge No. 61.
STIPULATIONS
FHWA will ensure that the following measures are carried out:
1. NCDOT shall record Bridge No. 61 in accordance with the Historic
Structures Recordation Plan, attached hereto as Appendix A, prior to the
initiation of construction on the undertaking.
Execution of this Memorandum of Agreement by the FHWA and the North Carolina
SHPO, its subsequent acceptance by the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation
(Council), and implementation of its terms, evidence that the FHWA has afforded the
Council an opportunity to comment on the undertaking and its effect on historic
properties, and that the FHWA has taken into account the effects of the undertaking on
historic properties.
l?
Dlln '
STATE HIS
?7 /
AR
Concurring Party
11N_`
ATION OFFICE DATE
%-/96
TA'
ADVISORY COUNCIL ON HISTORIC PRESERVATION
APPENDIX A
Historic Structures Recordation Plan
for the Replacement of Bridge No. 61
Henderson County, North Carolina
Historical Background
A brief historical and physical narrative/description of Bridge No. 61
Photographic Requirements
Photographic views of Bridge No. 61 including:
Overall views (elevations and oblique views)
Overall views of the bridge in its setting
Details of construction or design
Format:
Color slides (representative views)
35 mm or larger black and white negatives (all views)
4 x 5 inch black and white prints (all views)
All processing to be done to archival standards
All photographs, negatives, and slides to be labeled according to Division
of Archives and History standards
Copies and Curation
One (1) set of all photographic documentation will be deposited with the North
Carolina Division of Archives and History/State Historic Preservation Office to
be made a permanent part of the statewide survey and iconographic collection.
NORTH CAROLINA DIVISION
FINAL NATIONWIDE SECTION 4(f) EVALUATION AND APPROVAL
FOR FEDERALLY-AIDED HIGHWAY PROJECTS
THAT NECESSITATE THE USE OF HISTORIC BRIDGES
F. A. Project BRZ-1836(1 )-
State Project 8.2950901
T. I. P. No. B-2575
Description: NCDOT will be replacing Bridge No. 61 over Green River in Henderson
County. The bridge will be replaced at the existing location with a bridge
approximately 36.6 meters (120 feet) long. SR 1836 will be closed to
through traffic during construction. Traffic will be maintained on existing
area roads. The existing Pratt Through Truss bridge, is the Section 4(f)
resource in the project area.
Yes No
Is the bridge to be replaced or rehabilitated with Federal funds ? X F-1
2. Does the project require the use of a historic bridge
structure which is on or eligible for listing on the National X
Register of Historic Places?
3. Is the bridge a National Historic Landmark? F1 X
4. Has agreement been reached among the FHWA, the State
Historic Preservation Officer (SHPO), and the Advisory Council
on Historic Preservation (ACHP) through procedures pursuant X
to Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA)?
The following alternatives were evaluated and found not to be feasible and prudent:
Yes No
Do nothing X a
Does the "do nothing" alternative:
(a) correct the problem situation that caused the bridge X
to be considered deficient?
(b) pose serious and unacceptable safety hazards ? X El
Yes No
2. Build a new structure at a different location without

affecting the historic integrity of the structure. X

(a) The following reasons were reviewed:
(circle, as appropriate)
(i) The present bridge has already been located
at the only feasible and prudent site
and/or (ii) Adverse social, environmental, or economic
impacts were noted
and/or (iii) Cost and engineering difficulties reach
extraordinary magnitude
and/or (iv The existing bridge cannot be preserved
due to the extent of rehabilitation, because no
responsible party will maintain and preserve
the historic bridge, or the permitting authority
requires removal or demolition.
3. Rehabilitate the historic bridge without affecting the historic

integrity of the structure. X a

(a) The following reasons were reviewed:
(circle, as appropriate)
(i) The bridge is so structurally deficient that it
cannot be rehabilitated to meet the acceptable
load requirements and meet National Register
criteria
and/or (ii) The bridge is seriously deficient geometrically
and cannot be widened to meet the required
capacity and meet National Register criteria
MINIMIZATI ON OF HARM
Yes No
I . The project includes all possible planning to minimize harm . X F-I
2. Measures to minimize harm include the following:
(circle, as appropriate)
a. For bridges that are to be rehabilitated, the historic
integrity of the bridge is preserved to the greatest
extent possible, consistent with unavoidable
transportation needs, safety, and load requirements.
bO For bridges that are to be rehabilitated to the point
that the historic integrity is affected or that are to
be removed or demolished, the FHWA ensures that,
in accordance with the Historic American Engineering
Record (HAER) standards, or other suitable means
developed through consultation, fully adequate records
are made of the bridge.
O For bridges that are to be replaced, the existing bridge
is made available for an alternative use, provided a
responsible party agrees to maintain and preserve the
bridge.
O For bridges that are adversely affected, agreement
among the SHPO, ACHP, and FHWA is reached
through the Section 106 process of the NHPA on
measures to minimize harm and those measures
are incorporated into the project.
3. Specific measures to minimize harm are discussed below:
Bridge No. 61 shall be recorded in accordance with the Historic Structures
Recordation Plan, prior to the initiation of construction for the new bridge.
Note: Any response in a box requires additional information prior to approval. Consult
Nationwide 4(f) evaluation.
The proposed project has been coordinated with the following (attach correspondence):
a. State Historic Preservation Officer _ x
b. Advisory Council on Historic Preservation x
c. Local/State/Federal Agencies x-
d. US Coast Guard
(for bridges requiring bridge permits)
SUMMARY AND APPROVAL.
The project meets all criteria included in the programmatic 4(f) evaluation approved on July 5, 1983.
All required alternatives have been evaluated and the findings made are clearly applicable to this project.
There are no feasible and prudent alternatives to the use of the historic bridge. The project includes all
possible planning to minimize harm, and there are assurances that the measures to minimize harm will be
incorporated in the project.
All appropriate coordination has been successfully completed.
Approved:
3-/3 9 ?
Date Vf Manager, Planning & Environmental Branch
NCDOT
I ,d?
3111 ?i
Date DiviE6ifi ' Administrator, FHWA
1 1

In 9".
? ?y
V J
STATT OF NORTH CAROLINA
DEPARTMENT OF 1PANSPORTATION
JAMES B. HUNT, JR. DIVISION OF HIGHWAYS R. SAMUEL HUNT III
GOVERNOR P.O. BOX 25201, RALEIGH, N.C 27611-5201 SECRETARY
Mav 23, 1994
MEMORANDUM TO: Wayne Elliot. Unit Head
Bridge Unit
ATTENTION: Wayne Fedora, Project Manager
FROM: Tim W. Savidge, Environmental Biologist
Environmental Unit
SUBJECT: Natural Resources Technical Report for
Proposed Replacement of Bridge No. 61
on SR 1836 over Green River, Henderson
County, Federal Aid No. BRZ-1836(1),
State Project No. 8.2950901.
TIP No. B-2575
The attached Natural Resources Technical Report provides
inventories and descriptions of natural resources within the
project area, and estimations of impacts likely to occur to
these resources as a result of project construction.
Pertinent information on wetlands and federally protected
species is also provided. It is requested that the Natural
Resources Technical Report be submitted in its entirety along
with the CE document to the reviewing natural resource
agencies. Please contact me if you have any questions, or
need this copied onto disc format.
cc: V. Charles Bruton. Ph.D
M. Randall Turner, Environmental Supervisor
File B-2575
now

Replacement of Bridge No. 61
C SR 1836
Over Green River
Henderson County
TIP No. B-2575
F.A. Project No. BRZ-1836(1)
State Project No. 8.2950901
Natural Resources Technical Report
B-2575
NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
DIVISION OF HIGHWAYS
PLANNING AND ENVIRONMENTAL BRANCH
ENVIRONMENTAL UNIT
TIM SAVIDGE. ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGIST
May 23. 1994
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 Introduction ...........................................1
1.1 Project Description ..............................1
1.2 Purpose ..........................................1
1.3 Project Area .....................................1
1.4 Physiography and Soils ...........................1
1.5 Methodology ......................................2
2.0 Water Resources ........................................2
2.1 Waters Impacted ..................................2
2.1.1 River Characteristics ....................2
2.1.2 Best Usage Classification ................3
2.1.3 Water Quality ............................3
2.2 Anticipated Impacts: Water Resources .............3
3.0 Biotic Resources ......................................4
3.1 Terrestrial Communities ..........................4
3.1.1 Maintained Community ......................4
3.2 Aquatic Community ................................5
3.3 Anticipated Impacts: Biotic Communities .......... 5
3.3.1 Terrestrial Community Impacts .............5
3.3.2 Aquatic Community Impacts .................6
4.0 Special Topics ........................................7
4.1 Waters of the United States ......................7
4.1.1 Permits .............:....................7
4.1.2 Mitigation ...............................8
4.2 Rare and Protected Species .......................8
4.2.1 Federally Protected Species ...............8
4.2.2 Federal Candidate and
State Protected Species .................12
5.0 References ............................................13
Appendix A: Glossary of Terms .............................14
1.0 INTRODUCTION
The following Natural Resource Technical Report is
submitted to assist in the preparation of a Categorical
Exclusion (CE). This report inventories the natural
resources occurring within the project area and identifies
any environmental concerns which must be addressed in the
planning stages of this project.
1.1 Project Description
The existing 34 m (110 ft) long 6 m (20 ft) wide bridge
will be replaced in existing location, with a bridge of the
same dimensions. The existing gravel roadway will be paved
on both approaches and 2m (6 ft) graded shoulders are also
proposed. Traffic will be detoured via secondary roads
during construction. Proposed Right of Way (ROW) is 24.4 m
(80 ft). Project length is 122 m (400 ft).
1.2 Purpose
The purpose of this document is to describe and
inventory the natural resources identified within the project
vicinity and estimate potential impacts to these resources.
Recommendations are made for measures which will minimize
resource impacts. These descriptions and estimates are
relevant only in the context of existing design concepts. If
preliminary design parameters change, additional field
investigation may be necessary.
1.3 Project Area
The proposed project occurs in southeastern Henderson
County, approximately 13 km (8 mi) southeast of
Hendersonville (Fig. 1). The project area is characterized
as rural, with forested tracts dominating the landscape. A
hydroelectric powerplant (Duke Power) also occurs in the area
with the dam located approximately 213 m (700 ft) upstream of
crossing.
1.4 Physiography and Soils
Henderson County is in the southern mountain
physiographic province. The project area falls within the
Low and Intermediate Mountains soil region, and is
characterized as mountainous terrain with sharp ridges, steep
slopes and narrow, steep, wet valley floors. The soils of
the project area are of two series. The excessively drained
stone sandy loams of the Ashe Series (45-70'. slopes) occur on
the steep slopes grading to Green River. The nearly level
area adjacent to the River on the east bank contains well
drained fine sandv loams of the Comus Series. Most of the
area in the impact zone has been previously cleared and
graded for use as a gravel parking lot.
1
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1.5 Methodology
Preliminary resource information was gathered and
reviewed prior to site visit. Information sources include:
U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) quadrangle map (Lake Summit).
Soil Conservation Services (SCS) Soils Map of Henderson
County. NCDOT aerial photographs of project area (1:1200),
North Carolina Division of Environmental Management (DEM)
water quality classification for the Broad River Basin. Fish
and Wildlife Service (FWS) list of protected species and N.C.
Natural Heritage Program (NC-NHP) database of uncommon and
protected species and unique habitats.
Field surveys were conducted along the proposed project
alignment on November 02. 1993 by NCDOT biologist Tim
Savidge. Plant communities were identified and recorded.
Wildlife was identified using a number of observation
techniques; active searching and capture, visual observations
(binocular), and recording the identifying signs of wildlife
(sounds, scat, tracks and burrows). Cursory surveys of
aquatic communities were conducted using a hand held dip net
and tactile searches for benthic organisms. Organisms
captured were identified and then released.
2.0 WATER RESOURCES
This section describes the physical characteristics.
Best Usage Standards and water quality of the water resources
likely to be impacted by the proposed project. Probable
impacts to these water bodies are also discussed, as are
means to minimize impacts.
2.1 Waters Impacted
Green River is in the Broad River basin, arising
approximately 23 km (14 mi) southwest of project crossing,
near the Transylvania County line. This stretch of the
Green River is heavily modified. In addition to the
hydroelectric facility at the project site, an impoundment
forming Lake Summit, occurs approximately 1.6 km (1 mi)
upstream of project crossing.
2.1.1 River Characteristics
The riverbed is approximately 30 m (100 ft) wide at the
point of crossing. The substrate is composed of rock and
cobble, overlain with shifting sand and silt. Depth during
site visit was less than 0.3 m (1 ft.). Algal growth was
excessive at project crossing, and may reflect thermal
pollution from the hydroelectric facility.
2
2.1.2 Best Usage Classification
The waters of Green River carry a Best Usage
Classification of C Tr, as assigned by the North Carolina
Department of Environment. Health and Natural Resources
(DEHNR), 1993. Class C designates waters suitable for
aquatic life propagation and survival. fishing. wildlife.
secondary recreation and agriculture. The supplemental
classification Tr denotes Trout Waters. which are suitable
for natural trout propagation and maintenance of stocked
trout. No waters classified as High Quality Waters (HQW),
Outstanding Resource Waters (ORW), WS-I, or WS-II occur
within 1.6 km (1 mi) of-the project area.
2.1.3 Water Quality
The Benthic Macroinvertebrate Ambient Network (BMAN),
assesses water quality by sampling for selected benthic
Macroinvertebrate organisms. The species richness and
overall biomass are reflections of water quality. No BMAN
data is available at the project site. The Green River was
rated as having "Good" biodiversity approximately 6 miles
upstream and downstream of project crossing.
The DEM National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System
(NPDES), responsible for regulating discharges into surface
waters, lists two permitted discharge sources, Duke Power and
a single family residence, within 1.6 km (1 mi) upstream of
project crossing. The types of discharges are classified as
Non Contact Cooling Water and Condensate and Domestic.
2.2 Anticipated Impacts: Water Resources
Potential impacts to water resources include, decreases
of dissolved oxygen, and changes in temperature. The later
two impacts are due to removal of the streamside canopy and
removal/burial of aquatic vegetation. Sedimentation and
substrate disturbance occurring during construction, can
significantly reduce water clarity, and is very detrimental
to downstream aquatic ecosystems (Section 3.3.2). In-stream
activity is anticipated for construction of the spanning
structure. Feasible construction methods should be adopted
that would minimizie substrate disturbance and sedimentation.
This portion of the Green River is within the Tennessee
Valley Authority (TVA) Land Management Office (Div. 2
Morristown Tenn.). The TVA generally requires a February-
June moratorium for in-stream activity. Coordination with
this office will be necessary.
If stream channel relocation is required, and If the
stream relocation is greater than 100 ft or > SO ft on one
side. consultation with the NC Wildlife Resources Commission
(WRC) will be required, per the Fish and Wildlife
3
Coordination Act. as amended (16 USC 661-667d, The portion
of the relocated stream will be designed to have similar
characteristics (depth. width. and substrate) as the original
stream. This also includes re-establishment of streamside
vegetation.
3.0 BIOTIC RESOURCES
This section describes the ecosystems encountered and
the relationships between vegetative and faunal components
within terrestrial. and aquatic ecosystems. Descriptions of
the terrestrial systems are presented in the context of plant
community classifications.
Representative animal species which are likely to occur
in these habitats are cited. along with brief descriptions of
their respective "roles" within that community. For complete
listings of flora and fauna which occur in Henderson county,
a composite of specific references listed in section 5.0
should be consulted. Animals that were observed during site
visit are denoted by (*) in the text. Spoor evidence is
equated with sightings of individuals. Scientific
nomenclature and common names (when applicable) are used for
plant and animal species described. Subsequent references to
the same organism will include the common name only.
3.1 Terrestrial Communities
One terrestrial community type (Maintained) will be
impacted by the proposed action. This community has been
altered such that almost no natural characteristics are
retained.
3.1.1 Maintained Community
Maintained Communities are land parcels in which the
vegetation is kept in a low-growing, non-successional state.
The majority of this community is non-vegetated, consisting
of the gravel road and adjacent parking lot. With the
exception of three white oaks (Quercus alba), one Virginia
pine (Pious virginiana) and one eastern hemlock (Tsuga
canadensis) on the east bank, a streamside canopy is lacking
within the impact zone. Most of the vegetated area is well
maintained, consisting of low-growing herbaceous species,
including fescue (Festuca sp.), plantain (Plantago sp.), red
clover (Trifolium pratense) and chickweed (Stellaria media).
Species such as goldenrod (Solidago sp.), pokeweed
(Phvtolacca americana), blackberry (Rebus sp.), Queen Ann's
lace (Daucus carota) and horseweed (Erigeron canadensis)
occur in the less maintained areas, particularly under the
bridge.
The faunal component of this community is sparse, as a
result of limited habitat variability. Resident fauna is
4
likely limited to insects and other
suitable cover is lacking.
(Scalopus aquaticus). occasionally occurs in open disturbed
habitats such as this. but is more common in forested
habitats. Resident fauna from the adjacent AcidicCocularly
Forest and Successional Thicket (not impacted). p. Four
birds may utilize this area as a foraging rufous-sided
species, song sparrow (Melospiza melodia)*
towhee (Pipilo erythrophthalmus)*, European starling (Sturnus
vulgaris)* and tufted titmouse (Parus bicolor) were observed
in this habitat during the site visit.
3.2 Aquatic Community
The Green River is designated as a ,trout water".
Several large rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss)*, were observed in deeper pools downstream of crossing. Other
species observed in these pools were smallmouth bass
N
(Micropterus dolomieui)* and red horse (Moxosalmhough) . No
fish were observed at the project t those
fish mentioned may be found near the bridge at various times.
Other fish species inhabiting cool, rocky bottom, mountain
rivers include central stoneroller (shmnersoa anopisus),
river chub (Nocomis IeptoandPhpercina spp.) and suckers
darters (Etheostoma spp.
(Family Catostomiidae).
Other aquatic inhabitants include pickeral frog (Rana
bullfrog (R. catesbeiana), northern water snake
palustris).
(Nerodia sipedon), as well as numerous aquatic insects an
other invertebrates. Wereaobserved nearh?theeprojectlarea, although some
Unionida support mussel
stretches of the Green River are known to populations.
3.3 Anticipated Impacts: Biotic Communities
Construction of this project will have various impacts
on the biotic communit?osthesedescribed.
resourcessineterms ofaareales
and qualifies impacts
impacted (cleared/modified), and ecosystem effects. Temporary
and permanent impacts are considered here.
3.3.1 Terrestrial Community Impacts
Project construction will result in overall minimal
impacts. Construcea° areasimpacts
and will besulttinnno nethloss of
previously disturb
habitat. Approximately 0.2 ha (0.5 ac) of the Maintained
community will be temporarily impacted by the proposed
action. The limited amount of vegetated are cl eaed during
construction is expected to be re-populated soon fter
activity is completed. It should be noted thatrestimated
impacts were derived using the entire proposed
5
Project construction often does not require the entire right
of way and therefore actual impacts may be considerably less.
Impacts to the faunal community are expected to be
minimal. Species utilizing the existing habitat as a
foraging zone will likely discontinue use of this area during
construction activity, but are expected to return once
activity ceases.
3.3.2 Aquatic Community Impacts
Anticipated impacts to the aquatic communities can be
attributed to construction-related habitat disturbance and
sedimentation. Although disturbance and sedimentation may be
temporary processes during the construction phase of this
project, environmental impacts from these processes may be
long-lived or irreversible.
The aquatic environment serves as a major food source
for many terrestrial organisms such as raccoons, various
species of snakes, birds, turtles and amphibians. It also
serves as a means of predator avoidance for amphibians,
reptiles and mammals.
Benthic non-mobile organisms. such as filter and deposit
feeders. and macro and micro alga. are particularly sensitive
to construction activities such as dredging, filling, pile
driving operations and slope stabilization. These
construction activities physically disturb the substrate,
resulting in loss of sessile benthic organisms. Many of
these aquatic organisms are slow to recover, or repopulate an
area, because they require a stabilized substrate for
attachment. Substrate stability may take a long time to
develop, therefore, changes in community composition will
occur.
Populations of photosynthetic species. the primary
producers in the food chain. can be greatly effected by
siltation. The increased amount of suspended particles in the
water column reduces the photosynthetic ability, by absorbing
available light. Clogging of feeding apparati of suspension
feeders and burial of newlv settled larvae of these
organisms, are other effects of siltation. These species are
often primary consumers in the food chain, and are a major
step in the aquatic food web. Impacts to these organisms may
directly effect organisms higher in the food chain, such as
fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals.
Mobile aquatic organisms may escape some of the effects
of siltation, however gills of fish, crustaceans and larval
amphibian and insect forms can become clogged and
dysfunctional as a result of sedimentation. Spawning
habitats for these mobile species may become filled with
sediment, diminishing reproductive success and inevitably
6

reducing populations.
Habitat disturbance and sedimentation are extremely est detrimental to aquatic
ofo surface.waBers,Mmusgebenstpictlyces
(gMp's) for protection
implemented, to ensure the biological integrity of the water
bodies impacted by this project.
Additionally, if measures are not taken to reduce the
amount of probable increased concentrations of toxic from
compounds (gasoline. oil, etc.) in the stream. comingt ,
construction related machinery and road paving
mortalities to numerous types of aquatic organisms are
likely.
4.0 SPECIAL TOPICS
4.1 Waters of the United States
Wetlands and surface waters fall under the broad
category of "Waters of the United States1/ofsSdefined404 of
provisions ecton
CFR 328.3, in accordance with
the Clean Water Act (33 U.S. C. 1344).
Potential wetland communities were evaluated using the
Fthe or an 8area°tosbefcoEngineers nsidered wetlands
criteria specified in
Delineation Manual'?
"wetland", the following three specifications must be met:
1) presence of hydric soils (low soil pendmx v luand.3))
presence of hydrophytic vegetatio saturated soils. oxidized
evidence of hydrology, including: rhizospheres, matted vegetation, high water marks on trees,
buttressed tree bases and surface roots.
No jurisdictional wetlands will be impacted by the
proposed action. Construction of this project can not be
accomplished without surface water impacts.
4.1.1 Permits
Impacts to Waters of the United States fall under the
jurisdiction of the one Army Corps of
counties whin contain
Henderson County i
Wildlife Resous e°mmtssa°e noRCavailableten thesetcounties
waters". General P it 33 CFR
without consent from the WRC. A Nationwide perm
cewatr rtifsesfthaeen River. is
330.5 (A)23, for impacts f°thesurface
if
likely to be applicable
construction of this ermitcauthorizes aativitiesaundertakene
permit
trout waters. This
assisted. authorized, regulated, funded or finnced inTh whole,
or in part, by another Federal agency or department. at
agency or department has
from determined environmental.
categorically excluded
7
r
because it will neither individually or cumulatively have a
significant environmental effect.
A North Carolina Division of Environmental Management
(DEM) Section 401 (1665) Water Quality General Certification
is also required, prior to issuance of the Nationwide permit.
4.1.2 Mitigation
Projects authorized under Nationwide Permits usually do
not require compensatory mitigation according to the 1989
Memorandum Agreement between the Environmental Protection
Agency and the Department of the Army.
4.2 Rare and Protected Species
Federal law requires that any action, which has the
potential to jeopardize the continued existence of any
species classified as federally protected, is subject to
review by the FWS and/or the National Marine Fisheries
Service (NMFS), under the provisions of the Endangered
Species Act (ESA) of 1973, as amended. Rare species receive
additional protection under separate state statutes. In
North Carolina protection of plant species falls under N.C.
1979 General statutes (G.S.) 106-202.12 to 106-202.19.
Wildlife protection falls under 1987 G.S. 113-331 to 113-337.
4.2.1 Federally Protected Species
Plants and Animals with federal classifications of
Endangered (E), Threatened (T), Proposed Endangered (PE) and
Proposed Threatened (PT) are protected under provisions of
section 7 and section 9 of the Endangered Species Act of
1973. as amended. As of May 12, 1994 the FWS lists 5
federally protected species for Henderson County (Table 1).
Table i Federally Protected Species Henderson County
SCIENTIFIC NAME
Isotria medeoloides
Sarracenia rubra
var. jonesii
Sagittaria fasciculata
Sisvrinchium dichotomum
Helonias bullata
COMMON NAME STATUS
small whorled pogonia E
mountain sweet pitcher plant E
bunched arrowhead E
white irisette E
swamp pink T
E and T denote Endangered and Threatened respectively
(Appendix A)
No suitable habitat for any of the listed species occurs
within the project area. Brief descriptions of
characteristics and habitat requirements for these species is
provi :d below, along with a Biological Conclusion concerning
8

potential impacts to each species from the proposed action.
Helonias bullata (swamp pink)
Status: T
Family: Liliaceae
Listed: September 9, 1983
Hellonias bullata. a fresh water wetland plant, once
occurred in wetlands from New York to Georgia. It is now
believed to be extirpated from New York. Of the 60 known
populations seven are found in North Carolina. The North
Carolina populations are limited to bogs in the southern
Appalachians in Transylvania, Jackson, and Henderson
counties.
This perennial plant grows from tuberous rhizomes. It
has lance-shaped, smooth, evergreen leaves that grow in basal
rosette. The 3-6 dm hollow stem is topped with a short,
dense, spike-like raceme of pink or purplish flowers. The
fruit is a three lobed, papery capsule, 3-5mm long and 8-10mm
wide.
This species is found in freshwater wetlands areas
including spring seepages, swamps, bogs, meadows, and along
the margins of meandering streams. Soils that it occurs in
are described as being slightly acidic (pH:4.2-4.9), having a
thin layer of decomposed organic matter. Populations are
found in areas with varying amounts of'shade but populations
in open areas are less vigorous due to increased competition
from other species.
BIOLOGICAL CONCLUSION:
No Effect
No wetland communities and thus no suitable habitat for
this species, are found within the project area. It can be
concluded that construction of this project will have no
effect on swamp pink.
Isotria medeoloides
Status: E
Family: Orchidaceae
Listed: September 10,
(small-whorled pogonia)
1982
The small-whorled pogonia was known historically from
Maine to Georgia, with the exception of Delaware, along the
eastern seaboard and in Michigan, Illinois. and Missouri. In
North Carolina it is found in the Nantahala National Forest,
Macon County and near the town of Flat Rock, Henderson
County.
This perennial orchid has long pubescent roots and a
hollow stem 9.5cm to 25cm tall. Stems terminate in a whorl
of five or six light green, elliptical leaves that are
somewhat pointed. Leaves measure approximately 8 x 4cm. One
9
r •
or two light green flowers are produced at the end of the
stem. Flowers have short sepals that are only 2.5cm long.
The small-whorled pogonia grows in "second growth
deciduous" or deciduous-coniferous forests. with an open
canopy, open shrub laver, and sparse herb laver. It prefers
acidic soils. Flowering is inhibited in areas where there is
relatively high shrub coverage or high sapling density.
BIOLOGICAL CONCLUSION:
No Effect
No habitat for this species will be impacted by the
proposed project. Construction of this project will have no
impact on this species.--
Sagittaria fasciculata (bunched arrowhead)
Status: E
Family: Alismataceae
Listed: July 25, 1979
This plant is found in North Carolina and South
Carolina. The bunched arrowhead is an emersed aquatic
perennial herb that grows from 1.5 dm to 3 dm in height. It
has spatulate leaves that stem from the base of the plant.
The leaves are 3 dm long and 2 cm wide. The erect flowering
stalk has both male and female flowers on it, the male being
above the female.
The bunched arrowhead can be found in gently sloping
bogs with a slow, continuous flow of cool, clean water,
underlain by a clay layer. In these bogs water temperatures
are variable, soil and water pH is between 4.8 and 6.6, and
water depths are constant. These plants occur naturally in
shaded sites, but populations do occur in unshaded areas
these populations have smaller, less vigorous plants. Soils
are characterized as sandy loams below a muck layer ranging
in depth from 25-60cm.
BIOLOGICAL CONCLUSION:
No Effect
No wetland communities and thus no suitable habitat for
this species, are found within the project area. It can be
concluded that construction of this project will have no
effect on the bunched arrowhead.
Sarracenia rubra var. jonesii (mountain sweet pitcher plant)
Status: E
Family: Sarraceniaceae
Listed: March 10, 1988
The mountain sweet pitcher plant is found in bogs and
streams in southwestern North Carolina and northwestern South
Carolina. This insectivorous, rhizomatous, perennial herb
grows from 21 to 73 centimeters in height. It has numerous
10

erect leaves that grow in clusters. Each leaf is shaped like
a hollow, trumpet shaped, pitcher covered by a cordate hood.
Pitchers are a waxy dull green color and reticulately veined
with maroon-purple. The inside of the pitchers is retrorsely
haired and usually partially filled with liquid and decaying
insect parts. The maroon colored flowers are borne singly on
erect scapes and have recurving sepals. Fruits appear in
August.
The mountain sweet pitcher plant is found in mountain
bogs and along streamsides. This habitat is characterized by
deep, poorly drained wetlands with soils that are
Siteih organic
combinations of loam, sand, and silt, with
content and medium to highly acidic pH.
intermittently exposed to flooding. This plant is an early
successional plant that relies on drought, water fluctuation,
periodic fire, and ice damage to maintain its habitat.
No Effect
BIOLOGICAL CONCLUSION:
No wetland communities and thus no suitable habitat for
this species, are found within the project area. It can be
concluded that construction of this project will have no
effect on the mountain sweet pi plant.
sisyrinchium dichotomum (white irisette)
Status: E
Family: Iridaceae
Listed: October 28, 1991
Endemic to North Carolina, the white irstemsetis agrow
perennial herb with dichotomously branching from 11 to 20 centimeeist?lo basal
green in color and are /3
plant. White flowers are borne tatmthe ends of ingedlestems
and the fruit is a round, pale
containing three to six round or elliptical black seeds.
This plant is found in sunny clearings and along the
edges of upland woods where a thin canopy is present. These
open areas often are where runoff has removed the deep litter
layer that is usually present. It occurs on rich, basic
soils that are probably weathered from amphibolite. It is
dependent on a form of disturbance to maintain the open
quality of its habitat.
No Effect
BIOLOGICAL CONCLUSION:
No suitable habitat cfor an be concluded that bonsmructionby
the proposed action.
of this project will not impact the white irisette.
11
e
4.2.2 Federal Candidate and State Protected Species
There are a total of 20 federal Candidate species (19 C2
and 1 C1) listed for Henderson Countv. Candidate 2 (C2)
species are defined as taxa for which there is some evidence
of vulnerability, but for which there are not enough data to
warrant a listing of Endangered, Threatened, Proposed
Endangered, or Proposed Threatened at this time. Candidate 1
(Cl) species are defined as taxon for which FWS has on file
enough substantial information to list as Endangered or
Threatened. Listing is "warranted but precluded by other
pending proposals of higher priority" The FWS is "directed to
make prompt use of the emergency listing provisions if the
well-being of any such species is at significant risk."
Suitable habitat for two of these C2 species, hellbender
(Cryptobranchus allegainiensis) and Diana fritillary
butterfly (Speyeria diana) occurs within the project area.
These species are mentioned here for information purposes,
should they become protected in the future. Surveys for these
species were not conducted during site visits. nor were any
of these species observed.
A search of the NC-NHP data base of
animals resulted in no records of state
protected species in the project area.
rare plants and
or federally
12
e ,
5.0 REFERENCES
Cowardin, L.M., V. Carter, F.C. Golet and E.T. LaRoe. 1979.
Classifications of wetlands and deepwater habitats of
the United States. Prepared for the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service, U.S. Dept. of Int. Washington D.C.
Daniels, R.B., H.J. Kleiss, S.W. Buol, H.J. Byrd and J.A.
Phillips, 1984. Soil Systems in North Carolina. N.C.
Agricultural Research Service, N.C. State Univ. Raleigh
N.C. Bulletin 467.
Environmental Laboratory. 1987. Corps of Engineers Wetlands
Delineation Manual, "Technical report Y-87-1, U.S. Army
Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Miss.
Hynes, H.B.N. 1970. The Ecology of Running Waters.
University of Toronto Press, 555 pp.
Martof, B.S., W.M. Palmer, J.R. Bailey and J.R. Harrison III.
1980. Amphibians and Reptiles of the Carolinas and
Virginia. Chapel Hill, The Univ. N.C. Press.
NCDEHNR-DEM. 1993 Classifications and Water Quality Standards
Assigned to Waters of the Broad River Basin. Raleigh
Dept. of Environment, Health and Natural Resources.
NCDEHNR-DEM. 1991. Biological Assessment of Water Quality in
North Carolina Streams: Benthic Macroinvertab1ate Data.
Base and Long Term Changes in Water Quality,
Potter, E.F., J.F. Parnell and R.P. Teulings. 1980. Birds of
the Carolinas. Chapel Hill, The Univ. N.C. Press.
and G.. °Press.
Radford, A.E.+ H.E.
Vascular Flora
Schafale, M. P. and A. S. Weakley. 1990. Classifications of
the Natural Communities of North Carolina. Third Parks
Approximation. NC Nat. Heritage Program, Div. of
and Rec., NC Dept. of Envir., Health and Nat. Resources.
U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service.
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U.S. Dept. of A ofuHenderson1County, NorthnCarolina. 1N.C.
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Agriculture Experiment Station.
W.D., J.F. Parnell and W.C. Biggs. 1985. Mammals of
Webster,
the Carolinas, Virginia and Maryland. The Univ. N.
Press.
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APPENDIX A
Glossary of Terms
abiotic pertaining to nonliving or physical (air, water,
soil) aspects of an environment.
benthic pertaining to the bottom of a body of water: a
benthic organism lives on or in the bottom substrate.
biotic pertaining to living aspects or specific life
conditions of an environment.
canopy the uppermost layer of vegetation in a plant
community.
ecosystem a biological community plus its abiotic (nonliving)
environment.
Endangered a taxa that is threatened with extinction
throughout all or a significant portion of its range.
fauna animals collectively, of a particular region.
flora a treatise describing the plants of a region.
food chain specific sequence of organisms, including
producer, herbivore, and carnivore, through which energy
and materials move within an ecosystem.
hydric soil soil that is wet long enough to periodically
produce anaerobic conditions, thereby influencing the
growth of plants.
hydrophytic vegetation plants which grow in water or on a
substrate that is at least periodically deficient in
oxygen as a result of excessive water content.
photosynthesis conversion of radiant energy (sunlight) into
chemical energy (food).
primary consumer organisms that are the second step in a
community food chain, feeding on the producers.
primary producer organisms capable through photosynthesis to
manufacture their own food through direct capture of light
energy: producers compose the first step in a community
food chain.
Proposed Endangered a species that has been formally proposed
as Endangered; species formally proposed receive some
legal protection.
Proposed Threatened a species that has been formally proposed
as Threatened; species formally proposed receive some
legal protection.
sessile an organism which permanently attaches itself to the
substrate.
spoor the track or trail of an animal, particularly a wild
animal.
succession The process of community change through time,
with an orderly sequence of seral stages, the organisims
(plants, animals) of each stage modify the environment,
making it less suitable for themselves, and more suitable
for the next. The end point or climax perpetuates itself.
Threatened a taxa that is likely to become Endangered in the
foreseeable future.
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