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STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA
DEPAR'Ifi~NT OF'I~~ANSPORTATION
IvI1cxAEL F. EASLEY
GOVERNOR
March 16, 2007
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U. S. Army Corps of Engineers
Regulatory Field Office
Post Office Box 1890
Wilmington, NC 28402-1890
ATTENTION: Ms. Jennifer Frye
NCDOT Coordinator
Dear Madam:
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LYNDO TIPPETT '~~<~
SECRETARY
070498
SUBJECT: Nationwide Permit 23 Application for the proposed replacement
of Bridge No. 98 on SR 1246 (Butler Island Road) over Big
Swamp, in Sampson County (Division 3). Federal Aid Project No.
BRZ-1246(2), State Project No. 8.2281701, TIP No. B-4271, WBS
Element 33612.1.1.
Please find enclosed copies of the Categorical Exclusion (CE) Document, Natural
Resources Technical Report (NRTR), permit drawings, and roadway plans for the above
referenced project proposed by the North Carolina Department of Transportation
(NCDOT). The department plans to replace Bridge No. 98 on SR 1246 (Butler Island
Road) in place, with a 105-foot long 30-foot wide bridge. An off-site detour will be
utilized during construction. This project is scheduled to let August 21, 2007, with a July
3, 2007 review date. Proposed permanent impacts to jurisdictional wetlands are 0.04
acre.
Impacts to Waters of the United States
General Description: Big Swamp is located in the Cape Fear River Basin, USGS 8-digit
Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC) 03030006. The study area is found in the DWQ subbasin
03-06-18. Study area waters drain to the southeast and south eventually flowing into the
South River. Big Swamp has been assigned a best usage classification of "C SW" (index
#18-68-12-8, 7/1/73) by the N.C. Division of Water Quality. Neither High Quality
Waters (HQW), Water Supplies (WS-I: undeveloped watersheds or WS-II:
predominantly undeveloped watersheds), nor Outstanding Resource Waters (ORW) occur
within 1.0 mi (1.6 km) of the study area. Big Swamp is not classif ed as a 303d stream.
MAILING ADDRESS:
NC DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
PROJECT DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS
1596 MAIL SERVICE CENTER
RALEIGH NC 27699-1598
TELEPHONE: [phone] or
919-715-1335
FAX: [phone]
LOCATION:
PARKER LINCOLN BUILDING
2728 CAPITAL BLVD. SUITE 24O
RALEIGH NC 27604
WEBSITE: WWW.NCDOT.ORG

Permanent Impacts: Adjacent riverine wetlands of Big Swamp will be impacted by the
proposed project. Construction of the proposed bridge will result in permanent impacts
of 0.04 acre. These impacts are a result of permanent fill associated with widening of the
roadway and class II riprap utilized for stormwater management devices.
Temporar~m~acts: There are no temporary impacts associated with this project.
Utility Impacts: There are impacts to jurisdictional resources due to project construction.
Bridge Demolition
The existing bridge was constructed in 1949, and consists of five spans (1 @ 17' -5", 1
@ 17' -3", 1 @ 17' -2", 1 @ 17' -3", 1 @ 17' -5") with a total length of 86' -6". The
superstructure consists of a reinforced concrete deck supported by steel I-beams and
reinforced concrete caps, timber piles, and vertical timber abutments. The bridge deck is
situated 11' above the creek bed. The bridge will be removed using BMP's for bridge
demolition, and without dropping any of its components into "Waters of the United
States".
Avoidance and Minimization
NCDOT has avoided and minimized impacts to the fullest extent possible:
• Traffic will be maintained using anoff--site detour during construction.
• The bridge will be built in-place using top-down construction and can therefore be
built without the need of a causeway or work pad.
• There will be no deck drains over the creek.
• In compliance with 15A NCAC 02B.0104(m) we have incorporated the use of BMP's
in the design of the project.
• Erosion and Sediment Control Guidelines will be utilized during construction.
• 3:1 slopes will be utilized in areas adjacent to wetlands.
Mitigation
As a result of project construction, 0.06 acre of riverine wetland will be restored through
the removal of the existing causeway. A Wetland Restoration Plan is included and
outlines the specifics of this proposal.
Federally Protected Species
As of January 29, 2007, the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) lists four
federally protected species for Sampson County (Table 1). Survey of the field site
revealed no suitable habitat for Lindera melissifolia or Picoides borealis. Further, a
review of the Natural Heritage Program (NHP) files on January 8, 2007, indicated no
occurrence of federally listed species within 2 miles of the project site. Schwalbea
americana was not listed as a Threatened or Endangered species at the time the
Categorical Exclusion was signed. A brief description of Schwalbea americana, results
of a recent habitat survey, and its biological conclusion are included below.
2

Schwalbea americana (American chaffseed)
Plant Family: Scrophulariaceae
Date Listed: September 29, 1992
Endangered
American chaffseed is an erect perennial herb with unbranched stems (or stems branched
only at the base) with large, purplish-yellow, tubular flowers that are borne singly on
short stalks in the axils of the uppermost, reduced leaves (bracts). The leaves are
alternate, lance-shaped to elliptic, stalkless, 2 to 5 centimeters (1 to 2 inches) long, and
entire. The entire plant is densely, but minutely hairy throughout, including the flowers.
Flowering occurs from April to June in the South, and from June to mid-July in the
North. chaffseed fruits are long, narrow capsules enclosed in a sac-like structure that
provides the basis for the common name. Fruits mature from early summer in the South
to October in the North. Schwalbea is a hemiparasite (partially dependent upon another
plant as host). Like most of the hemiparasitic Scrophulariaceae, it is not host-specific, so
its rarity is not due to its preference for a specialized host. Although another species (S.
australis) was once recognized, the genus Schwalbea is now considered to be monotypic.
American chaffseed occurs in sandy (sandy peat, sandy loam), acidic, seasonally moist to
dry soils. It is generally found in habitats described as open, moist pine flatwoods, fire-
maintained savannas, ecotonal areas between peaty wetlands and xeric sandy soils, and
other open grass-sedge systems. chaffseed is dependent on factors such as fire, mowing,
or fluctuating water tables to maintain the crucial open to partly-open conditions that it
requires. Historically, the species existed on savannas and pinelands throughout the
coastal plain and on sandstone knobs and plains inland where frequent, naturally
occurring fires maintained these sub-climax communities. Under these conditions,
herbaceous plants such as Schwalbea were favored over trees and shrubs.
Biological Conclusion NO EFFECT
Habitat in the form of open, moist pine flatwoods, maintained by mowing or fire was not
present within the study site when surveyed on December 12, 2006. Most of the study
area is classified as coastal plain small stream swamp. A small amount of mesic pine
flatwood habitat exists within the northeast and northwest corners of the project area.
These areas were dominated by loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) in the canopy and sweetgum
(Liquidambar styraciflua), southern red oak (Quercus falcata), and water oak (Quercus
nigra) in the understory. The shrub layer includes inkberry (Ilex glabra), dwarf
huckleberry (Gaylussacia dumosa), and sweet leaf (Symplocos tinctoria). The
herbaceous layer is dominated by bracken fern (Pteridium aquilinum), and vines include
honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica), catbriar (Smilax glauca), poison ivy (Toxicodendron
radicans), and yellow jessamine (Gelsemium sempervirens). Although these areas may
classify as habitat marginally suitable for Schwalbea, the proposed project will not
impact any such areas. Consequently, the proposed project will have "No Effect" on
Schwalbea americana.
3

Table 1. Federally Protected Species for Sampson County
Common Name Scientific Name Habitat Status Biological
Conclusion
American alli ator Alli ator mississi iensis N/A T (S/A N/A
American chaffseed Schwalbea americana NO E NO EFFECT
Pondbe Lindera melissi olia NO E NO EFFECT
Red-cockaded wood ecker Picoides borealis NO E NO EFFECT
T(S/A)-denotes threatened due to similarity of appearance; E-denotes Endangered
Regulatory Approvals
Section 404 Permit: All other aspects of this project are being processed by the Federal
Highway Administration as a "Categorical Exclusion" in accordance with 23 CFR §
771.115(b). The NCDOT requests that these activities be authorized by Nationwide
Permit 23 (FR number 10, pages 2020 - 2095, June 15, 2002).
Section 401 Permit: We anticipate 401 General Certification number 3403 will apply to
this project. The NCDOT will adhere to all general conditions. Therefore, we are not
requesting written concurrence. In accordance with 15A NCAC 2H .0500(a) we are
providing two copies of this application to the North Carolina Department of
Environmental and Natural Resources, Division of Water Quality, for their records.
Thank you for your assistance with this project. If you have any questions or need
additional information, please contact Worth Calfee at [e-mail] or (919)
715-7225.
A copy of this permit application will be posted on the DOT website at:
http://www.ncdot. org/preconstruct/pe/neu/permit.html.
Sincerely,
Gregory J. Thorpe, Ph.D., Environmental Management Director
Project Development and Environmental Analysis Branch
4

CC:
w/ attachment
Mr. John Hennessy, NCDWQ (2 Copies)
Mr. Travis Wilson, NCWRC
Mr. Gary Jordan, USFWS
Mr. Ron Sechler, NMFS
Mr. Michael Street, NCDMF
Dr. David Chang, P.E., Hydraulics
Mr. Mark Staley, Roadside Environmental
Mr. Greg Perfetti, P.E., Structure Design
Mr. Victor Barbour, Project Services Unit
Mr. H. Allen Pope, P.E., Division 3 Engineer
Mr. Mason Herndon, Division 3 Environmental Officer
w/out attachment
Mr. Jay Bennett, P.E., Roadway Design
Mr. Majed Alghandour, P. E., Programming and TIP
Mr. Art McMillan, P.E., Highway Design
Mr. Scott McLendon, USACE, Wilmington
Mr. Gregory M. Blakeney, PDEA Project Planning Engineer
5

Wetland Restoration Plan
At Bridge No. 98 over Big Swamp
on SR 1246
Sampson County
TIP B-4271
Federal Aid Project No. BR~1246 (2)
WBS No. 33612.1.1
March, 2007
The North Cazolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) will perform on-site
mitigation for wetland impacts at the SR 1246 overpass of Big Swamp. This mitigation
site occurs within Transportation Improvement Program (TIP) B-4271. The project
begins approximately 390 feet west of Bridge No. 98 and continues for approximately
490 feet to the west of the bridge. NCDOT will restore approximately 0.06 acres of
coastal plain small stream swamp wetland as onsite mitigation for B-4271. The roadway
project will impact 0.04 acres of unavoidable wetlands, leaving approximately 0.02 acres
of riverine wetland restoration assets on-site.
EXISTING CONDITIONS
The project is located in Sampson County, southwest of Roseboro, approximately 3 miles
from the intersection of NC 242 and SR 1246 (Butler Island Rd.) close to the Sampson
and Cumberland County line. The project study azea land use is primarily comprised of
agricultural and forested land.
The Natural Resources Technical Report for TIP B-4271, dated March 2003, provides
further details concerning existing roadway and project study area conditions.
The existing embankments of the approaches to Bridge No. 98 are located within the
floodplain of Big Swamp within a wetland community known as a Coastal Plain Small
Stream Swamp. The wetland is dominated by tulip poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera),
sweet bay (Magnolia virginiana), fetterbush (Lyonia lucida) and a herbaceous layer of
cane (Arundinaria gigantea). The transition zone where the wetland grades into the
existing causeway slope is dominated by cane (Arundinaria gigantea).
PROPOSED CONDITIONS
DESIGN
The proposed wetland mitigation will consist of restoring 0.06 acres of riverine wetland.
Restoration will involve removing causeway fill and transition area along both

approaches to Bridge No. 98 to match the adjacent wetland elevation. Representative spot
elevations will be taken in all four quadrants of the bridge project within the adjacent
reference wetland to determine target elevations. Excavated areas will be ripped and
disked prior to planting of the site if necessary.
The Natural Environment Unit shall be contacted to provide construction oversight to
ensure that the wetland mitigation area is constructed appropriately.
VEGETATION PLANTING
The restoration areas adjacent to the new bridge structure will be planted following the
successful completion of the site grading. The site will be planted with bottomland
hardwood species including at least three of the following: water oak (Quercus nigra),
tulip poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera), green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica), willow oak
(Quercus phellos), sycamore (Platanis occidentalis), water tupelo (Nyssa aquatica),
swamp chestnut oak (Quercus michauxii).
MONITORING
Upon successful completion of construction, the following monitoring strategy is
proposed for the mitigation site. NCDOT will document monitoring activities on the site
in an annual report distributed to the regulatory agencies.
HYDROLOGIC MONITORING
No specific hydrological monitoring is proposed for this restoration site. The target
elevation will be based on the reference wetland and verified during construction.
Constructing the site at the adjacent wetland elevation will ensure the hydrology in the
restored area is similar to the hydrology in the reference area.
VEGETATION SUCCESS CRITERIA
NCDOT shall monitor the restoration site by visual observation and photo points for
survival and aerial cover of vegetation. NCDOT shall monitor the site for a minimum of
three years or until the site is deemed successful. Monitoring will be initiated upon
completion of the site planting.

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A.
B
C.
CATEGORICAL EXCLUSION ACTION CLASSIFICATION FORM
TIP Project No.
State Project No.
Federal Project No
Project Description:
B-4271
8.2281701
BR~1246(2)
NCDOT will replace Bridge No. 98 on SR 1246 (Butler Island Road) over Big
Swamp in Sampson County. The bridge will be replaced with a new bridge
measuring 105 feet in length and 30 feet in width at approximately the same
location and elevation as the existing bridge. This will provide a 24 foot travelway
and 3 foot offsets on each side. The new approach roadway will be a 24 foot
travelway with 8 foot grassed shoulders. The approach work will consist of 350
feet to the southwest and 375 feet to the northeast of the existing bridge. Traffic
will be detoured on existing secondary roads as shown in Figure 1 during
construction. There will be 11.3 miles of additional travel.
Purpose and Need:
Bridge Maintenance records indicate the bridge has a sufficiency rating of 23.8
out of 100. The bridge's five span superstructure is composed of reinforced
concrete deck on steel I-beams. The substructure is composed of reinforced
concrete caps on timber piles. The bridge's low superstructure condition rating
qualifies the bridge as structurally deficient according to Federal Highway
Administration (FHWA) standards and therefore eligible for FHWA's Highway
Bridge Replacement and Rehabilitation Program. The replacement of this
inadequate structure will result in safer traffic operations.
Proposed Improvements:
The following Type II improvements which apply to the project are circled:
1. Modernization of a highway by resurfacing, restoration, rehabilitation,
reconstruction, adding shoulders, or adding auxiliary lanes (e.g., parking,
weaving, turning, climbing).
a. Restoring, Resurfacing, Rehabilitating, and Reconstructing
pavement (3R and 4R improvements)
b. Widening roadway and shoulders without adding through lanes
c. Modernizing gore treatments
d. Constructing lane improvements (merge, auxiliary, and turn lanes)
e. Adding shoulder drains

-,
f. Replacing and rehabilitating culverts, inlets, and drainage pipes,
including safety treatments
g. Providing driveway pipes
h. Performing minor bridge widening (less than one through lane)
i. Slide Stabilization
j. Structural BMP's for water quality improvement
2. Highway safety or traffic operations improvement projects including the
installation of ramp metering control devices and lighting.
a. Installing ramp metering devices
b. Installing lights
c. Adding or upgrading guardrail
d. Installing safety barriers including Jersey type barriers and pier
protection
e. Installing or replacing impact attenuators
f. Upgrading medians including adding or upgrading median barriers
g. Improving intersections including relocation and/or realignment
h. Making minor roadway realignment
i. Channelizing traffic
j. Performing clear zone safety improvements including removing
hazards and flattening slopes
k. Implementing traffic aid systems, signals, and motorist aid
1. Installing bridge safety hardware including bridge rail retrofit
03. Bridge rehabilitation, reconstruction, or replacement or the construction of
grade separation to replace existing at-grade railroad crossings.
a. Rehabilitating, reconstructing, or replacing bridge approach slabs
b. Rehabilitating or replacing bridge decks
c. Rehabilitating bridges including painting (no red lead paint), scour
repair, fender systems, and minor structural improvements
Od. Replacing a bridge (structure and/or fill)
4. Transportation corridor fringe parking facilities.
Construction of new truck weigh stations or rest areas.
6. Approvals for disposal of excess right-of--way or for joint or limited use of
right-of--way, where the proposed use does not have significant adverse
impacts.
7. Approvals for changes in access control.
Construction of new bus storage and maintenance facilities in areas used
predominantly for industrial or transportation purposes where such

construction is not inconsistent with existing zoning and located on or near
a street with adequate capacity to handle anticipated bus and support
vehicle traffic.
9. Rehabilitation or reconstruction of existing rail and bus buildings and
ancillary facilities where only minor amounts of additional land are
required and there is not a substantial increase in the number of users.
10. Construction of bus transfer facilities (an open area consisting of
passenger shelters, boarding areas, kiosks and related street improvements)
when located in a commercial area or other high activity center in which
there is adequate street capacity for projected bus traffic.
11. Construction of rail storage and maintenance facilities in areas used
predominantly for industrial or transportation purposes where such
construction is not inconsistent with existing zoning and where there is no
significant noise impact on the surrounding community.
12. Acquisition of land for hardship or protective purposes, advance land
acquisition loans under section 3(b) of the UMT Act. Hardship and
protective buying will be permitted only for a particular parcel or a limited
number of parcels. These types of land acquisition qualify for a CE only
where the acquisition will not limit the evaluation of alternatives,
including shifts in alignment for planned construction projects, which may
be required in the NEPA process. No project development on such land
may proceed until the NEPA process has been completed.
13. Acquisition and construction of wetland, stream and endangered species
mitigation sites.
14. Remedial activities involving the removal, treatment or monitoring of soil
or groundwater contamination pursuant to state or federal remediation
guidelines.

D. Special Proiect Information:
Estimated Cost:
Construction $ 575,000
Right of Way $ 32,600
Total $ 607,600
Estimated Traffic:
Current - 1500 VPD
Year 2025 - 2600 VPD
TTST - 4%
Dual - 2%
Proposed Typical Roadway Section:
The approach roadway will be 24 feet wide with 8-foot shoulders. Shoulder width will be
increased by three feet where guardrail is warranted.
Design Speed: 60 mph
Design exceptions: It is anticipated that no design exceptions will be required.
Functional Classification: Rural Minor Collector
Division Office Comments:
The Division 3 Construction Engineer concurs with the recommendation of replacing the
bridge in place and detouring traffic on local roads during construction as shown in
Figure 1. There will be 11.3 miles of additional travel.
Bridge Demolition:
Bridge No. 98 has 5 spans totaling 87 feet in length. The bridge superstructure is
composed of a reinforced concrete deck on steel I-beams. The substructure is composed
of reinforced concrete caps on timber piles. All components of the bridge will be
removed without dropping any of their components into Waters of the United States.
4

Alternatives Studied and Rejected:
The "do-nothing" alternative will eventually necessitate closure of the bridge. This is not
acceptable due to the traffic service provided by SR 1246.
Due to the relatively short detour (11.3 miles) and the relatively low traffic (1500 vehicles
per day), and the presence of high quality wetlands in the project area, no other
alternatives were studied.
Environmental Commitments:
Please see attached Green Sheet for Project Commitments.
E. Threshold Criteria
The following evaluation of threshold criteria must be completed for Type II actions .
ECOLOGICAL YES NO
(I) Will the project have a substantial impact on any
unique or important natural resource? ^ X
(2) Does the project involve any habitat where federally
listed endangered or threatened species may occur? ^ X
(3) Will the project affect anadromous fish?
X

(4) If the project involves wetlands, is the amount of
permanent and/or temporary wetland taking less than
one-tenth (1 /10) acre and have all practicable measures
to avoid and minimize wetland takin
s been evaluated?
X
^
g
(5) Will the project require use of U. S. Forest Service lands?
X

(6) Will the quality of adjacent water resources be adversely
impacted by proposed construction activities? ~ X
(7) Does the project involve waters classified as Outstanding Water
Resources (OWR) and/or High Quality Waters (HQW)? ~ X
(8) Will the project require fill in waters of the United States
in any of the designated mountain trout counties? ~ X
~~
5

(9) Does the project involve any known underground storage
tanks (UST's) or hazardous materials sites? ^ }{
PERMITS AND COORDINATION YES NO
(10) If the project is located within a LAMA county, will the
project significantly affect the coastal zone and/or any
"Area of Environmental Concern" (AEC)? ^ }{
(11) Does the project involve Coastal Barrier Resources Act
resources? ^ X
(12) Will a U. S. Coast Guard permit be required?
X

(13) Will the project result in the modification of any existing
regulatory floodway? ^ X
(14) Will the project require any stream relocations or channel
changes? ^ X.
SOCIAL, ECONOMIC, AND CULTURAL RESOURCES YES NO
(15) Will the project induce substantial impacts to planned
growth or land use for the area? ~ }~
(16) Will the project require the relocation of any family or
business? ^ }{
(17) Will the project have a disproportionately high and adverse
human health and environmental effect on any minority or
low-income population? ~ X
(18) If the project involves the acquisition of right of way, is the
amount of ri
ht of wa
ac
uisition considered minor?
X
g
y
q
(19) Will the project involve any changes in access control? ~ X
(20) Will the project substantially alter the usefulness ^ -
and/or land use of adjacent property? X
6

(21) Will the project have an adverse effect on permanent
local traffic patterns or community cohesiveness? ~ X
(22) Is the project included in an approved thoroughfare plan
and/ or Transportation Improvement Program (and is,
therefore
in conformance with the Clean Air Act of 1990)?
X
,
(23) Is the project anticipated to cause an increase in traffic
volumes? ^ X
(24) Will traffic be maintained during construction using existing
roads, staged construction, or on-site detours? X
(25) If the project is a bridge replacement project, will the bridge
be replaced at its existing location (along the existing facility) X
and will all construction proposed in association with the
bridge replacement project be contained on the existing facility?
(26) Is there substantial controversy on social, economic and
environmental grounds concerning aspects of the action? ~ X
(27) Is the project consistent with all Federal, State, and local laws
relating to the environmental aspects of the project? X
(28) Will the project have an "effect" on structures/properties
eligible for or listed on the National Register of Historic Places? ~ X
(29) Will the project affect any archaeological remains which are ^
important to history or pre-history? X
(30) Will the project require the use of Section 4(f) resources
(public parks, recreation lands, wildlife and waterfowl refuges,
historic sites or historic bridges, as defined in Section 4(f)
of the U. S. Department of Transportation Act of 1966)? ^ X
(31) Will the project result in any conversion of assisted public
recreation sites or facilities to non-recreation uses, as defined
by Section 6(f) of the Land and Water Conservation Act
of 1965, as amended? ^ X
(32) Will the project involve construction in, across, or adjacent
to a river designated as a component of or proposed for
inclusion in the natural Wild and Scenic Rivers? ^ X
7

F. Additional Documentation Required for Unfavorable Responses in Part E
(Discussion regarding all unfavorable responses in Part E should be provided
below. Additional supporting documentation maybe attached, as necessary.)

G. CE Approval
TIP Project No. B-4271
State Project No. 8.2281701
Federal-Aid Project No. BR~1246(2)
Project Description:
NCDOT will replace Bridge No. 98 on SR 1246 (Butler Island Road) over Big
Swamp in Sampson County. The bridge will be replaced with a new bridge
measuring 105 feet in length and 30 feet in width at approximately the same
location and elevation as the existing bridge. This will provide a 24 foot travelway
and 3 foot offsets on each side. The new approach roadway will be a 24 foot
travelway with 8 foot grassed shoulders. The approach work will consist of 350
feet to the southwest and 375 feet to the northeast of the existing bridge. Traffic
will be detoured on existing secondary roads as shown in Figure 1 during
construction. There will be 11.3 miles of additional travel.
Categorical Exclusion Action Classification:
X TYPE II(A)
TYPE II(B)
Approved:
Date Teresa Hart, PE, CPM, Assistant Manager
Project Development and Environmental Analysis Branch
(~~3~~~
t
Date William T. Goodwin Jr., .E., Unit ead
Bridge Replacement Planning Unit
6-3m..o~ ~
Date J el A. Johnson, roject Development Engineer
Bridge Replacement Planning Unit

PROJECT COMMITMENTS
Replacement of Bridge No. 98
On SR 1246 over Big Swamp
Sampson County
Federal-Aid No. BR~1246(2)
State Project No. 8.2281701
T.I.P. No. B-4271
Commitments Developed Through Project Development and Desi~rl
Hydraulics Unit, Roadside Environmental Unit, Division Three Construction Office,
Structure Design Unit
NCDOT will adhere to the Best Management Practices (BMPs) for "Bridge
Demolition and Removal" during the removal of Bridge No. 98.
The total time of road closure for this project should be held to a minimum due
to the 11.3 mile detour. The contractor should be given incentives to minimize the road
closure for the project. The total project construction time can be longer, as long as
work can be done under traffic.
Green Sheet
Programmatic Categorical Exclusion Page l of 1
June 2004

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~~•Ze _,dj` ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS BRANCH

SAMPSON COUNTY
REPLACE BRIDGE NO. 98 ON SR 1246
OVER BIG SWAMP
B-4271

Figure 1

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North Carolina Department of Cultural R
State Historic Preservation Office
David L. S. Brook. Administrator
Michael F. Eaaley, Governor
Lisbeth C. Evans, Secretary
Jeffi~ey J. Crow, Deputy Secretary
Office of Archives and History
October 29, 2003
MEMORANDUM
U ~s ~o
~ ENS P~'
~~ ~YS~s a1
Di~-i5ion of Historical Resources
TO: Greg Thorpe, Ph.D., Director
Project Development and Environmental Analysis Branch
NCDOT Division of Highways
FROM: David Brook ~ ~~n,B.g.IL.-
SUBJECT: Replacement of Bridge No. 98 on SR 1246 over Big Swamp, B-4271,
Sampson County, ER03-0971
On September 4, 2003, Sarah McBride, our preservation specialist for transportation projects,
met with the North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) staff for a meeting of
the minds concerning the above project. We reported on our available information on historic
architectural and archaeological surveys and resources along with our recommendations. DOT
provided project area photographs and aerial photographs at the meeting.
Based on our review of the photographs and the information discussed at the meeting, we
offer our preliminary comments regarding this project.
In terms of historic architectural resources, we are aware of no historic structures located
within the areas of potential effect. We recommend that no historic architectural survey be
conducted for this project.
There are no recorded archaeological sites within the proposed project area. Based on our
present knowledge of the area, it is unlikely that any archaeological resources which may be
eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places will be affected by the project
construction. We, therefore, recommend that no archaeological investigation be conducted in
connection with this project.
Having provided this information, we look forward to receipt of either a Categorical
Exclusion or Environmental Assessment which indicates how NCDOT addressed our
comments.
www. h p o. d o r.s to t e. n c. u s
Location nailing Address TdcphondFax
aD~11\ISTRATION 507 N. Blount St., Raleigh NC 4617 ~1ail Service Crnter. Raleigh NC 27699-1617 r9I9) 733-1763 • 733-8653
RESTORATION 515 N. Blount St., Raleigh NC 4617 Mail Service Crntcr. Raleigh NC 27699-3617 19191733-6547 •715-3801
SURVEY & PLANNING 515 N. Blount SL, Raleigh NC 4617 `tail Service Centcr, Raleigh NC 27699-3617 X919) 733-6845 •715-3801

October 29, 2003
Page 2
The above comments are made pursuant to Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation
Act and the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation's Regulations for Compliance with
Section 106 codified at 36 CFR Part 800.
Thank you for your cooperation and consideration. If you have questions concerning the
above comment, contact Renee Gledhill-Earley, environmental review coordinator, at
919/733-4763. In all future communication concerning this project, please cite the above
referenced tracking number.

t 3
REPLACE BRIDGE N0.98 ON SR 1246
OVER BIG SWAMP
SAMPSON COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
TIP NUMBER B-4271
STATE CONTRACT NO. A304259
STATE PROJECT N0.8.2281701
FEDERAL AID PROJECT NO. BRZ-1246(2)
NATURAL RESOURCES TECHNICAL REPORT
PREPARED FOR:
NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
DIVISION OF HIGHWAYS
PROJECT DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS BRANCH
MARCH 2003

TIP B-9271 NATURAL RESOURCES TECHNICAL REPORT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................1
1.1 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ....................................................................................................... 1
1.2 PURPOSE ................................................................................................................................. 1
1.3 METHODOLOGY .................................................................................................................... 1
1.4 QUALIFICATIONS OF INVESTIGATORS ........................................................................... 3
1.5 TERMINOLOGY ......................................................................................................................3
2.0 PHYSICAL RESOURCES .....................................................................................................4
2.1 REGIONAL CHARACTERISTICS ......................................................................................... 4
2.2 SOILS ........................................................................................................................................ 4
2.3 WATER RESOURCES ............................................................................................................. 5
2.3.1 Waters Impacted and Characteristics ....................................................................... 5
2.3.2 Best Usage Classification ......................................................................................... 5
y .......................
2.3.3 Water ualit ....................................................................................5
2.3.3.1 Nonpoint Source Discharge .................................................................... 5
2.3.3.2 Benthic Macroinvertebrate Ambient Network ........................................ 6
2.3.3.3 Point Source Discharge ........................................................................... 6
2.3.4 Summary of Anticipated Impacts to Water Resources ............................................. 6
3.0 BIOTIC RESOURCES ...........................................................................................................7
3.1 TERRESTRIAL COMMUNITIES ........................................................................................... 7
3.1.1 Coastal Plain Small Stream Swamp ......................................................................... 7
3.1.2 Mesic Pine Flatwoods .............................................................................................. 7
3.1.3 Maintained/Disturbed Community ........................................................................... 8
3.1.4 Agricultural Fields .................................................................................................... 8
3.2 AQUATIC COMMUNITIES .................................................................................................... 8
3.3 WILDLIFE .............................................................................................................................9
3.3.1 Terrestrial Fauna ...................................................................................................... 9
3.3.2 Aquatic Fauna .......................................................................................................... 9
3.4 SUMMARY OF ANTICIPATED TERRESTRIAL IMPACTS ............................................. 10
3.5 SUMMARY OF ANTICIPATED AQUATIC IMPACTS ...................................................... 10
4.0 .IiJRISDICTIONAL TOPICS ...............................................................................................11
4.1 WATERS OF THE UNITED STATES .................................................................................. 11
4.1.1 Characteristics of Wetlands and Surface Waters .................................................... 11
4.1.2 Summary of Anticipated Impacts ........................................................................... 12
4.1.3 Permits .................................................................................................................... 12
4.1.4 Mitigation ............................................................................................................... 12
4.1.4.1 Avoidance ............................................................................................. 13
4.1.4.2 Minimization ......................................................................................... 13
4.1.4.3 Compensatory Mitigation ..................................................................... 13
4.2 RARE AND PROTECTED SPECIES .................................................................................... 13
4.2.1 Federally-Protected Species ................................................................................... 14
4.2.2 Federal Species of Concern and State listed Species .............................................. 16
5.0 REFERENCES .................................................................................................................18
NCDOT
.ti7ARCH 21103

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TIP B-4271 NATURAL RESOURCES TECHNICAL REPORT
FIGURES
Figure 1. Project Vicinity Map ........................................................................................................2
TABLES
Table 1. Study area soils and characteristics ...................................................................................4
Table 2. Anticipated impacts to surface waters based on study area .............................................12
Table 3. Anticipated impacts to wetlands based on study area .....................................................12
Table 4. Federally-protected species for Sampson County ...........................................................14
Table 5. Federal species of concern for Sampson County .............................................................17
APPENDICES
Appendix I. Wetland Data Sheets
Appendix II. Wetlands Rating Worksheet
iii
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TIP 8-4271
1.0 INTRODUCTION
NATURAL RESOURCES TECHNICAL REPORT
The following Natural Resources Technical Report (NRTR) is submitted to assist in the
preparation of a Categorical Exclusion (CE) for the proposed project.
1.1 Project Description
The proposed project consists of the replacement of Bridge No. 98 on SR 1246 (Butler
Island Road) over Big Swamp in Sampson County, North Carolina (Figure 1). The design of the
proposed bridge has not been determined.
1.2 Purpose
The purpose of this technical report is to inventory, catalog and describe the various
natural resources likely to be impacted by the proposed action. This report also attempts to
identify and estimate the probable consequences of the anticipated impacts to these resources.
Recommendations are made for measures which will minimize resource impacts. These
descriptions and estimates are relevant only in the context of existing preliminary design
concepts. If design parameters and criteria change, additional field investigations will need to be
conducted.
1.3 Methodology
Research was conducted prior to field investigations. Data sources utilized in the pre-
field investigation of the study area include:
• U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle map (Roseboro,
1987).
• USDA Natural Resource Conservation Service (MRCS) soil survey for Sampson County,
North Carolina (1985).
• U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) National Wetlands Inventory (NWI) map for
7.5-minute Roseboro quadrangle (1994).
• NC Department of Transportation (NCDOT) aerial photographs of the study area (1:200
scale).
Water resource information was obtained from publications of the North Carolina
Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Division of Water Quality (NCDENR-DWQ
2000a and 2002).
Information concerning the occurrence of federal and state protected species in the study
area was obtained from the USFWS list of protected species and candidate species (29 January
2003), the North Carolina Natural Heritage Program (NCNHP) database of rare species and
unique habitats, and the North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission (NCWRC) Proposed
Critical Habitats for aquatic species.
General field surveys and wetlands investigations were conducted within the study area
by biologists on the staff of Dr. J.H. Carter III & Associates, Inc. (JCA) on 9 and 10 January
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TIP 8-4271
Figure 1
NCDOT
NATURAL RESOURCES TECHNICAL REPORT
MARCH 2003

r '
TIP 8-4271 NATURAL RESOURCES TECHNICAL REPORT
2003. The corridor investigated extended 200 feet (60 meters (m)) upstream and downstream
from the centerline of the existing bridge and 1200 feet (365 m) east and west from the bridge
along SR 1246. Plant communities and their associated wildlife were identified and recorded.
Wildlife identification involved using one or more of the following observation techniques:
active searches and capture, visual observations (binoculars), and identification of characteristic
signs of wildlife (sounds, scat, tracks, nests and burrows).
All wetlands subject to regulation by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USAGE) under
Section 404 of the Clean Water Act (CWA) and Section 10 of the Rivers and harbors Act of
1899 were identified and delineated according to methods prescribed in the 1987 Corps of
Engineers Wetlands Delineation Manual (USAGE 1987) and the USACE's 6 March 1992
Clarification and Interpretation of the 1987 Manual.
1.4 Qualification of Field Investigators
Investigator: Tracy E. Rush
Education: B.S. Biology (Botany Option), The Pennsylvania State University
M.S. Forest Resources, The Pennsylvania State University
Experience: Senior Biologist/Botanist, JCA, July 2000-Present
Botanist, Washington State Natural Heritage Program, April 1997-June 2000.
Biologist/Botanist, JCA, January 1993-January 1996.
Expertise: Protected species surveys for flora and fauna, native plant identification, biotic
. community identification, wetland delineation, restoration and monitoring, forest
management, vegetation monitoring and GPS/GIS.
Investigator: Katie Barch
Education: B.S. Environmental Science, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
M.S. Soil and Water Science, University of Florida
Experience: Wetland Biologist, JCA, October 2002-Present.
Environmental Technician, St. Johns River Water Management District, FL.
Expertise: Wetland delineation and restoration, hydric soils, wetland hydrology, vegetation
and groundwater monitoring, protected species surveys for flora and fauna and
use of ArcView software.
1.5 Terminology
The definitions used for area descriptions contained in this report are as follows:
• Study Area (Study Corridor) -denotes the bubble area for the proposed project (area
indicated on the aerial photograph by DOT).
• Project Vicinity - denotes an area extending 0.5 mile (mi) (0.8 kilometers (km)) on all
sides of the study area.
• Project Region - is equivalent to an area represented by a 7.5 minute USGS quadrangle
map with the project occupying the central position.
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TIP B-4271
2.0 PHYSICAL RESOURCES
NATURAL RESOURCES TECHNICAL REPORT
Soil and water resources located within the study area are discussed below.
2.1 Regional Characteristics
Sampson County lies in the Coastal Plain physiographic province of North Carolina. The
county ranges in elevation from approximately 20 to 210 feet (6 to 64 m) above mean sea level
(msl). Elevations within the study area range from approximately 80 to 100 feet (24 to 30 m)
above msl.
2.2 Soils
Five major soil types occur within the study area (USDA 1985): Autryville loamy sand,
Johns fine sandy loam, Johnston loam, Kalmia loamy sand and Lumbee sandy loam. All study
area soils, their drainage characteristics and hydric classifications are presented in Table 1.
Table 1. Study Area Soils and Characteristics.
Map Unit
S bol Specific Map Unit Percent Slope Drainage Class Hydric Class Hydric
Inclusions
Au Autryville loamy sand 0 to 6 well non hydric No
Jo Johns fine sandy loam 0 to 2 oor/moderate non hydric Yes.
JT Johnston loam 0 to 2 ve oor h dric No
KaA Kalmia loamy sand 0 to 3 well non h dric Yes
Lm Lumbee sandy loam 0 to 2 oor hydric No
Autryville loam sand: Autryville loamy sand is a well drained soil on broad, smooth uplands.
The seasonal high water table occurs 4.0 to 6.0 feet below the surface and runoff potential is low.
The flooding frequency for Autryville loamy sand is never.
Johns fine sandy loam: Johns fine sandy loam is a poorly drained to moderately well drained
soil on stream terraces. 'The seasonal high water table occurs at depths 1.5 to 3.0 feet below the
surface and runoff potential is high. The flooding frequency for Johns fine sandy loam is rare.
Johnston loam: Johnston loam is a very poorly drained soil on narrow to moderately broad
floodplains. The seasonal high water table occurs at or near the surface and runoff potential is
very high. The flooding frequency for Johnston loam is frequent.
Kalmia loamy sand: Kalmia loamy sand is a well drained soil on terraces. The seasonal high
water table occurs at depths greater than 6 feet below the surface and runoff potential is medium.
The flooding frequency for Kalmia loamy sand is rare.
Lumbee sandy loam: Lumbee sandy loam is a poorly drained soil on uplands smooth flats and
shallow depressions on stream terraces. The seasonal high water table occurs at depths 0 to 1.5
feet below the surface and runoff potential is medium to very high. The flooding frequency for
Lumbee sandy loam is rare.
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TIP B-4271 NATURAL RESOURCES TECHNICAL REPORT
2.3 Water Resources
This section contains information concerning surface water resources likely to be
impacted by the proposed project. Water resource information encompasses physical aspects of
the resource, its relationship to major water systems, Division of Water Quality (DWQ) Best
Usage Classifications, and the "quality" of the water resources. Probable impacts to these water
bodies are also discussed, as are means to minimize those impacts.
2.3.1 Waters Impacted and Characteristics
Big Swamp will be the only surface water directly impacted by the proposed project.
Waters in the project vicinity are part of the Cape Fear River Basin, USGS 8-digit Hydrologic
Unit Code (HUC) 03030006. The Cape Fear River Basin contains 24 subbasins. The study area
is found in the South River and Big Creek DWQ subbasin 03-06-18. Study area waters drain to
the southeast and south eventually flowing into the South River (NCDENR-DWQ 2000a).
2.3.2 Best Usage Classification
Big Swamp has been assigned a best usage classification of Class "C SW" (index #18-68-
12-8, 7/1/73) by the Division of Water Quality (NCDENR-DWQ 2002). A "C" classification
designates waters that are for aquatic life propagation/protection and secondary recreation. The
Swamp Waters "SW" supplemental classification designates this region as having waters
naturally more acidic and with lower levels of dissolved oxygen. Neither High Quality Waters
(HQW), Water Supplies (WS-I: undeveloped watersheds or WS-II: predominantly
undeveloped watersheds), nor Outstanding Resource Waters (ORW) occur within 1.0 mi
(1.6 km) of the study area.
2.3.3 Water Quality
This section describes the water quality of the water resources within the study area.
Potential impacts to water quality from point and nonpoint sources are evaluated. Water quality
assessments are based upon published resource information and field study observations.
2.3.3.1 Nonpoint Source Discharge
Nonpoint source runoff from agricultural land and timbering operations are likely to be
the primary source of water quality degradation to the water resources located within the project
vicinity. The surrounding vicinity appears to be mainly used for agriculture and timber
production. Nutrient loading and increased sedimentation from agricultural runoff and forestry
affects water quality. Inputs of nonpoint source pollution from a few private residences within
the study area also are likely to contribute to water quality degradation. _
Section 303(d) of the Clean Water Act (CWA) requires states to develop a list of waters
not meeting water quality standards or which have impaired uses. A review of the 303(d) list for
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TIP B-4271
NATURAL RESOURCES TECHNICAL REPORT
North Carolina indicates that Big Swamp in the Cape Fear River basin is not listed as an
impaired waterway (DWQ 2000b).
2.3.3.2 Benthic Macroinvertebrate Ambient Network
The DWQ has initiated a whole basin approach to water quality management for the 17
river basins within the state. To accomplish this goal the DWQ collects biological, chemical and
physical data that can be used in basinwide assessment and planning. All basins are reassessed
every five years. Prior to the implementation of the basinwide approach to water quality
management, the Benthic Macroinvertebrate Ambient Network (managed by the DWQ) assessed
water quality by sampling for Benthic macroinvertebrate organisms at fixed monitoring sites
throughout the state.
Many Benthic macroinvertebrates have stages in their life cycle that can last from six
months to a year; therefore, the adverse effects of a toxic spill will not be overcome until the next
generation. Different taxa of macroinertebrates have different tolerances to pollution, thereby,
long term changes in water quality conditions can be identified by population shifts from
pollution sensitive to pollution tolerant organisms (and vice versa). Overall, the species present,
the population diversity and the biomass are reflections of long term water quality conditions.
There are no biological stations within 1.0 mi (1.6 km) of the study area (NCDENR-DWQ
2000a).
2.3.3.3 Point Source Dischargers
Point source dischargers located throughout North Carolina are permitted through the
National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Program. Any discharger is required
to register a permit. There are no point dischargers located within 1 mile (1.6 km) of the study
area (EPA 2003).
2.3.4 Summary of Anticipated Impacts to Water Resources
Construction of the proposed project bridge will impact water resources. The estimated
linear impact is the width of the study area since the project is still in the design phase. Project
construction may result in the following impacts to surface waters:
• Increased sedimentation and siltation from construction and/or erosion.
• Changes in incident light levels and turbidity due to increased sedimentation rates and
vegetation removal.
• Alteration of water levels and flows due to interruptions and/or additions to surface and
ground water flow from construction.
• Increases in nutrient loading during construction through runoff from temporarily
exposed land surfaces.
• Increased concentration of toxic compounds from highway runoff, construction, toxic
spills and increased vehicular use.
• Changes in water temperature due to removal of streamside vegetation.
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TIP B-4271 NATURAL RESOURCES TECHNICAL REPORT
r
Precautions should be taken to minimize impacts to water resources in the study area.
NCDOT's Best Management Practices for the protection of surface water and water supplies
must be strictly enforced during the construction stage of the project. Provisions to preclude
contamination by toxic substances during the construction interval must also be strictly enforced.
3.0 BIOTIC RESOURCES
Biotic resources include aquatic and terrestrial communities. This section describes those
communities encountered in the study area as well as the relationships between fauna and flora
within these communities. Composition and distribution of biotic communities throughout the
project are reflective of topography, hydrologic influences and past and present land uses in the
study area. Descriptions of the terrestrial systems are presented in the context of plant
community classifications and follow descriptions presented by Schafale and Weakley (1990)
where possible. Dominant flora and fauna observed, or likely to occur, in each community are
described and discussed.
Scientific nomenclature and the common names (when applicable) are included for each
described plant and animal species. Plant taxonomy follows Radford, et al. (1968) and Weakley
(2000). Animal Taxonomy follows Martof et al. (1980), Webster et al. (1985), National
Geographic (1987) and Rohde et al. (1994). Subsequent references to the same organism will
include the common name only. Fauna observed during the site visit are denoted with an
asterisk (*). Spoor evidence or tracks equate to observation of the species. Published range
distributions and habitat analysis are used in estimating fauna expected to be present within the
study area.
3.1 Terrestrial Communities
3.1.1 Coastal Plain Small Stream Swamp (Blackwater Subtype)
The Coastal Plain Small Stream Swamp is located on floodplains of small blackwater
streams (Schafale and Weakley 1990). This community type is the most common comprising
approximately 75% of the study corridor. Canopy vegetation includes bald cypress (Taxodium
distichum), swamp black gum (Nyssa biflora), tulip poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera) and red
maple (Ater rubrum). Understory species include red maple, red bay (Persea borbonia), titi
(Cyrilla racemiflora), sweet bay (Magnolia virginiana) and ironwood (Carpinus caroliniana).
Shrub species include sweet gallberry (Ilex coriacea), fetterbush (Lyonia lucida), leucothoe
(Leucothoe axillaris) and inkberry (Ilex glabra). The herb layer includes cane (Arundinaria
tecta) and wool-grass (Scirpus cyperinus). Vines are also common including catbrier (Smilax
spp.), poison ivy (Toxicodendron radicans) and yellow jessamine (Gelsemium sempervirens).
3.1.2 Mesic Pine Flatwoods
Mesic Pine Flatwoods are located on mesic (non-wetland sites) on rolling Coastal Plain
sediments (Schafale and Weakley 1990). This community type is located on forested uplands
adjacent to the Coastal Plain Small Stream Swamp community type and comprises
approximately 10% of the study corridor. Canopy vegetation is dominated by loblolly pine
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TIP B-4271 NATURAL RESOURCES TECHNICAL REPORT
(Pinus taeda). Understory species include sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua), water oak
(Quercus nigra) and southern red oak (Quercus falcata). The shrub layer includes inkbeny,
dwarf huckleberry (Gaylussacia dumosa) and sweet leaf (Symplocos tinctoria). The herb layer is
dominated by bracken fern (Pteridium aquilinum). Vines are also common including Japanese
honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica), catbrier, poison ivy and yellow jessamine
3.1.3 Maintained/Disturbed Community
The maintained/disturbed communities consist of the road shoulder, transmission line
right-of--way, borrow pit and residential landscapes. Road shoulders and transmission line right-
of-ways are irregularly maintained, receiving only periodic mowing and herbicide applications.
Residential landscapes receive more frequent mowing, general maintenance, and disturbance.
Road shoulders act as buffers between the roadway and surrounding communities by
filtering stormwater run-off and reducing runoff velocities. Herbaceous vegetation located in the
road shoulder consisted of mowed fescue (Festuca spp.), broomsedge (Andropogon spp.),
Japanese honeysuckle, dog fennel (Eupatorium capillifoilium) and blackberry (Rubus spp.).
The transmission line right-of--way consists of sweet gum, red maple and loblolly pine
saplings. Shrub species include Chinese privet (Ligustrum sinense) and blackberry. Herbaceous
vegetation includes bracken fern, Japanese honeysuckle, dog fennel, giant plume grass
(Erianthus giganteus) and soft rush (Juncus effusus).
The borrow pit area consists of open sand with a few sweet gum and loblolly pine trees
and other early successional species.
Vegetation associated with the residential landscapes included mainly unvegetated areas
and grasses such as fescue, Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon) and crabgrass (Digitaria sp.). A
few trees and shrubs were also located in the residential landscapes including loblolly pine and
various ornamental species.
3.1.4 Agricultural Fields
The agricultural field community includes land currently being used for the growth of
various crops.
3.2 Aquatic Communities
One aquatic community, Big Swamp, will be potentially impacted by the proposed
project. Physical characteristics of a water body and the condition of the water resource
influence faunal composition of aquatic communities. The streambed width (bank to bank) is 50
to 80 feet (15 to 24 m). The main channel width is 10 feet (3 m) and the channel depth is
approximately 1 to 2 feet (0.3 to 0.6 m). The channel substrate is composed primarily of muck
and organic debris. The flow of the creek within the study area was low.
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TIP B-4271
3.3 Wildlife
NATURAL RESOURCES TECHNICAL REPORT
Many faunal species are highly adaptive and may populate or exploit the entire range of
biotic conununities located within the study area. Each species present fills its own ecological
niche and there are often complex interactions between all species present. Examples of these
relationships include symbiotic, competitive and predator/prey relationships.
3.3.1 Terrestrial Fauna
Mammals that commonly exploit habitats found within the study area include: raccoon*
(Procyon lotor), gay squin-el* (Sciurus carolinensis) and white-tailed deer* (Odocoileus
virginianus). Other mammal species that may exploit the forest edge and open habitats within
the project are include Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginiana), red fox (Vulpes vulpes), eastern
cottontail rabbit (Sylvilagus floridanus) and eastern mole (Scalopus aquaticus) (Webster et al.
1985).
The forest and forest edge habitats located in the study area provide shelter and forage for
a variety of avian species. Birds that maybe found in these habitats include the American crow*
(Corvus brachyrhynchos), Carolina chickadee* (Poecile carolinensis), turkey vulture*
(Cathartes aura), blue jay* (Cyanocitta cristata), rufous sided towhee* (Pipilo
erythrophthalmus), American robin (Turdus migratorius), northern cardinal* (Cardinalis
cardinalis) and Carolina wren* (Thryothorus ludovicianus) (National Geographic 1987).
The reptiles that can be expected to utilize the terrestrial communities within the study
area include Carolina anole (Anolis carolinensis), five-lined skink (Eumeces fasciatus), eastern
hognose snake (Heterodon platyrhinos) and the eastern garter snake (Thamnophis siralis)
(Martof et al. 1980).
Terrestrial and ecotonal areas provide habitat for amphibians such as southern dusky
salamander (Desmognathus auriculatus), slimy salamander (Plethodon glutinosus), eastem
spadefoot toad (Scaphiopus holbrooki), southern toad (Bufo terrestris), spring peeper (Hyla
crucifer) and bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) (Martof et al. 1980).
3.3.2 Aquatic Fauna
Aquatic fauna present within the study area are dependent upon physical characteristics
of the water body and overall condition of the water resource. Terrestrial communities adjacent
to a water resource also greatly influence aquatic communities. Fauna associated with the
aquatic communities include various vertebrate and invertebrate species.
Representative species offish that maybe found in the study area include American eel
(Anguilla rostrata), rosyside dace (Clinostomus funduloides), brown bullhead (Ameiurus
nebulosus), redfin pickerel (Esox americanus), pirate perch (Aphredoderus sayanus), redbreast
sunfish (Lepomis auritus) and eastern mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki) (Rohde et al. 1994).
9
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TIP B-4271 NATURAL RESOURCES TECHNICAL REPORT
Big Swamp within the study corridor provides habitat for a variety of reptiles. Species
which maybe present in or near the creek include yellowbelly slider (Chrysemys scripta),
redbelly water snake (Nerodia erythrogaster), rough green snake (Opheodrys aestivus), brown
water snake (Nerodia taxispilota) and cottonmouth (Agkistrodon piscivorus) (Martof et al. 1980).
Invertebrates that would be expected within the study area include: crayfish (Camaridae);
nymphal and larval stages of dragonflies (Odonata), caddisflies (Trichoptera); and snails
(Gastopoda).
3.4 Summary of Anticipated Terrestrial Impacts
Construction of the subject project will have various impacts on the biotic resources
described. Any construction related activities in or near these resources have the potential to
impact biological functions. These impacts cannot be quantified at this time since the
specifications of the project are not yet known.
Plant communities found along the proposed study area serve as nesting and sheltering
habitat for various wildlife. Project construction may reduce habitat for faunal species, thereby
diminishing faunal numbers. Habitat reduction concentrates wildlife into smaller areas of refuge,
thus causing some species to become more susceptible to disease, predation and starvation.
Areas modified by construction (but not paved) will become road shoulders and early
successional habitat. Increased traffic noise and reduced habitat will displace some wildlife
further from the roadway while attracting other wildlife by the creation of more early
successional habitat. Animals temporarily displaced by construction activities will repopulate
areas suitable for the species. This temporary displacement of animals may result in an increase
of competition for the remaining resources.
3.5 Summary of Anticipated Aquatic Impacts
Aquatic communities are sensitive to small changes in their environment. Stream
channelization, scouring, siltation, sedimentation and erosion from construction- related work
would affect water quality and biological constituents. Although direct impacts maybe
temporary, environmental impacts from these construction processes may result in long term or
irreversible effects.
Alterations in the aquatic community will result from the installation of bridges or
temporary arched culverts. Impacts often associated with in-stream construction include
increased channelization of water and scouring of stream channels. Water movement through
these structures becomes concentrated and direct, thereby increasing the flow velocity.
In-stream construction alters the stream substrate and may remove streamside vegetation
at the site. Disturbances to the substrate will destroy aquatic vegetation and produce siltation,
which clogs the gills and/or feeding mechanisms of benthic organisms (sessile filter-feeders and
deposit- feeders), fish and amphibian species. Benthic organisms can also be covered by
NCDOT
MARCH 2~0 3

.
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NATURAL RESOURCES TECHNICAL REPORT
excessive amounts of sediment. These organisms are slow to recover or repopulate a stream.
Turbidity reduces light penetration thus decreasing the growth of aquatic vegetation.
The removal of streamside vegetation and placement of fill material at the construction
site alters the terrain. Alterations of the stream bank enhances the likelihood of erosion and
sedimentation. Revegetation stabilizes and holds the soil thus mitigating these processes.
Erosion and sedimentation carry soils, toxic compounds and other materials into aquatic
communities at the construction site. These processes magnify turbidity and can cause the
formation of sandbars at the site and downstream, thereby altering water flow and the growth of
vegetation. Streamside alterations also lead to more direct sunlight penetration and to elevations
of water temperatures, which may impact many species.
4.0 JURISDICTIONAL TOPICS
This section provides descriptions, inventories and impact analysis pertinent to two
important issues--waters of the United States, and rare and protected species.
4.1 Waters of the United States
The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USAGE) promulgated the definition of "Waters of
the United States" under 33 CFR §328.3(a). Waters of the United States include most interstate
and intrastate surface waters, tributaries, and wetlands. Areas that are inundated or saturated by
surface or groundwater at a frequency and duration sufficient to support, and that under normal
circumstances do support, a prevalence of vegetation typically adapted for life in saturated soil
conditions are considered "wetlands" under 33 CFR §328.3(b). Wetlands generally include
swamps, marshes, bogs, and similar areas. Any action that proposes to place dredged or fill
materials into waters of the United states falls under the jurisdiction of the USAGE, and must
follow the statutory provisions under Section 404 of the Clean Water Act (CWA) (33 U.S.C.
1344).
4.1.1 Characteristics of Wetlands and Surface Waters
Potential wetland communities were investigated pursuant to the 1987 "Corps of
Engineers Wetland Delineation Manual". The three parameter approach is used where hydric
soils, hydrophytic vegetation and prescribed hydrologic characteristics must all be present for an
area to be considered a wetland.
One large wetland occurs within the study area, the floodplain of Big Swamp.
Hydrophytic vegetation in this area includes bald cypress, swamp black gum, sweet bay, sweet
gallbeny, fetterbush, leucothoe and cane. The soil is a sandy loam, generally saturated to the
surface and has a Munsell color notation of l OYR 2/1 (Appendix I). This wetland has a wetland
value score of 70 (NCDENR 1995) (Appendix II).
Jurisdictional surface waters present within the study area include Big Swamp. A
detailed description of Big Swamp is presented in Section 3.2.
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TIP B-4271
4.1.2 Summary of Anticipated Impacts
NATURAL RESOURCES TECHNICAL REPORT
Estimated impacts to surface waters were derived from aerial photographs of the study
area, onto which surface water locations were mapped in the field. The study area width and
length were used in the calculations. Usually, project construction does not require the use of the
entire study area, therefore, actual impacts maybe considerably less.
Table 2. Anticipated impacts to surface waters based on study area:
Site Impacts within Study Area
Big Swamp 400 linear ft (121 linear m)
Borrow Pit 0.07 ac (0.03 ha)
Wetlands were delineated in the field and mapped using a Global Positioning System
(GPS). Estimated impacts to wetlands were calculated using GPS and the study area width and
length. Usually, project construction does not require the use of the entire study area, therefore,
actual impacts maybe considerably less.
Table 3. Anticipated impacts to wetlands based on the study area:
Site Impacts within Study Area DWQ Rating
Wetland A 18.2 ac (7.4 ha) 70
4.1.3 Permits
In accordance with provisions of Section 404 of the Clean Water Act (33 U.S.C. 1344), a
Section 404 Nationwide Permit 23 from the USAGE is likely to be applicable for all impacts to
Waters of the United States resulting from the proposed project. This permit authorizes activities
undertaken, assisted, authorized, regulated, funded or financed in whole, or part, by another
Federal agency or department where that agency or department has determined that pursuant to
the council on environmental quality regulation for implementing the procedural provisions of
the National Environmental Policy Act. A Section 404 Nationwide Permit 33 maybe required if
a temporary construction including cofferdams, access and dewatering are required for this
project. The USACE will determine the final permit requirements.
A North Carolina Division of Water Quality (DWQ) Section 401 Water Quality General
Certification (#3361) is required prior to the issuance of the Section 404 Nationwide 23. Section
401 Certification allows surface waters to be temporarily impacted for the duration of the
construction or other land manipulations.
4.1.4 Mitigation
The USAGE has adopted, through the Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ), a
wetland mitigation policy which embraces the concept of "no net loss of wetlands" and
sequencing. The purpose of this policy is to restore and maintain the chemical, biological and
physical integrity of Waters of the United States, specifically wetlands. Mitigation of wetland
impacts has been defined by the CEQ to include: avoiding impacts (to wetlands), minimizing
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TIP B-4271
NATURAL RESOURCES TECHNICAL REPORT
impacts, rectifying impacts, reducing impacts over time and compensating for impacts (40 CFR
1508.20). Each of these three aspects (avoidance, minimization and compensatory mitigation)
must be considered sequentially.
4.1.4.1 Avoidance
Avoidance mitigation examines all appropriate and practicable possibilities of averting
impacts to Waters of the United States. According to a 1990 Memorandum of Agreement
(MOA) between the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the USACE, in determining
"appropriate and practicable" measures to offset unavoidable impacts, such measures should be
appropriate to the scope and degree of those impacts and practicable in terms of cost, existing
technology and logistics in light of overall project purposes. Impacts to Waters of the United
States will likely not be avoided due to their close proximity to the existing bridge.
4.1.4.2 Minimization
Minimization includes the examination of appropriate and practicable steps to reduce the
adverse impacts to Waters of the United States. Implementation of these steps will be required
through project modifications and permit conditions. Minimization typically focuses on
decreasing the footprint of the proposed project through the reduction of median widths, right-of-
way (ROW) widths, fill slopes and/or road shoulder widths. Other practical mechanisms to
minimize impacts to Waters of the United States crossed by the proposed project include: strict
enforcement of sedimentation control BMP's for the protection of surface waters during the
entire life of the project; reduction of clearing and grubbing activity; reduction/elimination of
direct discharge into streams; reduction of runoff velocity; re-establishment of vegetation on
exposed areas, judicious pesticide and herbicide usage; minimization of "in-stream" activity; and
litter/debris control. Impacts to Waters of the United States can be minimized by replacing the
bridge on the existing location with an off-site detour on N.C. Highway 242.
4.1.4.3 Compensatory Mitigation
Compensatory mitigation is not normally considered until anticipated impacts to Waters
of the United States have been avoided and minimized to the maximum extent possible. It is
recognized that "no net loss of wetlands" functions and values may not be achieved in each and
every permit action. Appropriate and practicable compensatory mitigation is required for
unavoidable adverse impacts which remain after all appropriate and practicable minimization has
been required. Compensatory actions often include restoration, creation and enhancement of
Waters of the United States. Such actions should be undertaken in areas adjacent to or
contiguous to the discharge site. It is anticipated that no compensatory mitigation will be
required for this project although final determination rests with the USACE.
4.2 Rare and Protected Species
Some populations of fauna and flora have been in, or are in, the process of decline either
due to natural forces or their inability to coexist with human activities. Federal law (under the
provisions of the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended) requires that any action, likely
13
NCDOT MARCH ?003

TIP B-4271 NATURAL RESOURCES TECHNICAL REPORT
to adversely affect a species classified as federally-protected, be subject to review by the
USFWS. Other species may receive additional protection under separate state laws.
4.2.1 Federally-Protected Species
Plants and animals with federal classifications of Endangered (E), Threatened (T),
Proposed Endangered (PE) and Proposed Threatened (PT) are protected under provisions of
Section 7 and Section 9 of the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended. As of January 29,
2003, the USFWS lists the following federally-protected species for Sampson County (Table 4).
A brief description of each species' characteristics and habitat follows.
Table 4. Federally-Protected Species for Sampson County.
SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME STATUS
Alligator mississippiensis American alligator T (S/A)
Lindera melissifolia pondberry E
Picoides borealis red-cockaded woodpecker E
"E" denotes Endangered (a species in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion
of its range).
"T" denotes Threatened (a species that is likely to become an endangered species within the
foreseeable future thought all or a significant portion of its range).
"T(S/A)" denotes Threatened due to Similarity of Appearance. These species are not biologically
endangered or threatened and are not subject to Section 7 consultation.
Alligator mississippiensis (American alligator) Threatened
Family: Alligatoridae
Federally listed: March 11, 1967
The American alligator lives throughout the Southeastern United States, including
Alabama, Arkansas, North and South Carolina, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi,
Oklahoma, and Texas. The American alligator primarily lives in freshwater swamps and
marshes, but can also be found in rivers and lakes.
Adult males can reach to 13 to 14.5 feet (4 to 4.5 m) in length with females reaching
lengths of 10 feet (3 m). The snout is characteristically broad and when the mouth is closed, the
edge of the upper jaw overlaps teeth in the lower jaw. Juveniles are essentially smaller versions
of their parents, although they do have bright yellow cross-bands. Older alligators gradually lose
the yellow banding and turn olive brown and black.
NCDOT MARCH ?OOJ

7
TIP B-4271
NATURAL RESOURCES TECHNICAL REPORT
The study area does contain habitat for the American alligator, however, no nests were
found during the field investigations and no surveys are required since the species is threatened
due to similarity of appearance. It is likely that American alligators occur in the swamp but will
move out of the area during construction activities and repopulate the area once the construction
is complete. Biological conclusions are not required for species listed as threatened due to
similarity of appearance.
Lindera melissafolia (pondberry) Endangered
Family: Lauraceae
Federally listed: July 31,1986
Pondberry is known to be scattered across the Southeastern United States with one
population existing in Bladen County, North Carolina. It is associated mostly with wetland
habitats such as bottomland hardwoods and the margins of sinks, ponds and other depressions.
This deciduous shrub grows approximately 6 feet (2 m) high and spreads vegetatively by
stolons. Pondberry is distinguished from the two other North American members of the genus
(Lindera benzoin and Lindera subcoriacea) by its drooping, thin membranaceous, and ovately to
elliptically shaped leaves that have a strong sassafras-like odor when crushed. The plants bloom
pale yellow flowers around March, and mature fruits, which are bright red and oval-shaped, can
be found in October. The plants grow in clones of numerous stems. Young stems replace dead
stems at the base. Thus, a mature colony usually consists of numerous dead stems along with
younger leafy ones.
BIOLOGICAL CONCLUSION NO EFFECT
Habitat in the form of bottomland hardwoods, sinks, ponds and other depressions is not
present within the study area. Habitat within the study area has been severely degraded by
timber harvesting, agriculture and filling. Additionally, a 14 January 2003 review of the Natural
Heritage Program database of threatened and endangered species revealed no known populations
of pondberry within 1 mile (1.6 km) of the study area. Consequently, the proposed project will
have "No Effect" on pondberry.
Picoides borealis (Red-cockaded woodpecker) Endangered
Family: Picidae
Federally listed: October 13, 1970
The red-cockaded woodpecker (RCW) historically occurred from East Texas and
Oklahoma, to Florida, and North to New Jersey. The present distribution is similar except the
species is not found in Missouri, Maryland and New Jersey. The red-cockaded woodpecker is
found in open stands of pine with a minimum age of 80 to 120 years. Longleaf pine (Pinus
palustris) are the most commonly used, but other species of southern pine are also acceptable.
Dense stands that are primarily hardwoods or that have dense hardwood understories are
avoided.
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TIP B-4271 NATURAL RESOURCES TECHNICAL REPORT
The red-cockaded woodpecker is 7 to 8 inches (18 to 20 cm) long with a wing span of 13
to 15 inches (35 to 38 cm). Black and white horizontal stripes are on its back, and its checks and
underparts are white. Its flanks are black streaked. The cap and stripe on the side of the neck
and throat are black. The male has a small red spot on each side of the black cap. After the first
post fledgling molt, fledgling males have a red crown patch. Most often these birds are found in
groups ranging from three up to as many as seven other birds.
BIOLOGICAL CONCLUSION
NO EFFECT
Habitat in the form of old growth stands of southern pine lacking a thick understory are
not present within the study area. No RCW trees were found and no active clusters are located
within 0.5 mile (0.8 km) from the study area. Additionally, a 14 January 2003 review of the
Natural Heritage Program database of threatened and endangered species revealed no known
populations ofred-cockaded woodpeckers within 1 mile (1.6 km) of the study area.
Consequently, the proposed project will have "No Effect" on the red-cockaded woodpecker.
4.2.2 Federal Species of Concern and State Listed Species
There are 14 Federal Species of Concern (FSC) listed for Sampson County as of 29
January 2003. Federal Species of Concern are not afforded federal protection under the ESA and
are not subject to any of its provisions, including Section 7, until they are formally proposed or
listed as Threatened or Endangered. Federal Species of Concern are defined as those species
which may or may not be listed in the future. These species were formally candidate species, or
species under consideration for listing for which there was insufficient information to support a
listing of Endangered, Threatened, Proposed Endangered and Proposed Threatened. Organisms
which are listed as Endangered, Threatened, Significantly Rare, or Special Concern by the
NCNHP list of rare plant and animal species are afforded state protection under the State
Endangered Species Act and the North Carolina Plant Protection and Conservation Act of 1979.
Table 5 lists Federal Species of Concern, species state status, and the existence of suitable
habitat for each species in the study area. This species list is provided for information purposes
as the status of these species may be upgraded in the future.
Surveys for these species were not conducted during the site visit, nor were any of these
species observed. As of 14 January 2003 review of the NCNHP database of the rare species and
unique habitats revealed no records of North Carolina rare and/or protected species in or near the
study area.
NCDOT NIARCH 2003

TIP B-4271
NATURAL RESOURCES TECHNICAL REPORT
Table 5. Federal Species of Concern for Sampson County.
Scientific Name Common name NC Status Habitat
Aimophila aestivalis Bachman's sparrow SC No
Corynorhinus rafinesquii** Rafinesque's big-eared bat SC (PT) Yes
Cylindrocolea andersonii * a liverwort W2 No
Dionaea muscipula Venus' flytrap SR-L, SC No
Dolania americana American sand burrowing mayfly SR No
Heterodon simus * southern hognose snake SC Yes
Juglans cinerea butternut WS No
Litsea aestivalis pondspice SR-T No
Ludwigia brevipes * long beach seedbox SR-T Yes
Macbridea caroliniana Carolina bogmint T Yes
Noturus sp. 1 "broadtail" madtom SC Yes
Ophisaurus mimicus* mimic glass lizard SC No
Rana capito capito Carolina gopher frog T No
Solidago verna spring-flowering goldenrod SR-L No
"T"--A Threatened species is one which is likely to become endangered species within the foreseeable future
throughout all or a significant portion of its range.
"SC"--A Special Concern species is one which requires monitoring but maybe taken or collected and sold under
regulations adopted under the provisions of Article 25 of Chapter 113 of the General Statutes (animals) and
the Plant Protection and Conservation Act (plants). Only propagated material may be sold of Special Concern
plants that are also listed as Threatened or Endangered.
"SR"--A Significantly Rare species is one which is very rare in North Carolina, generally with 1-20 populations in the
state, generally substantially reduced in numbers by habitat destruction, direct exploitation or disease. The
species is generally more common elsewhere in its range, occurring peripherally in North Carolina.
"-L"-Range of the species is limited to North Carolina and adjacent states.
"-T"-These species are rare throughout their ranges.
"P_"-Proposed (used as a qualifier of the ranks above).
"W2"--A Watch Category 2 species is a species rare to uncommon, but probably not in trouble.
"WS"--A Watch Category 5 species is a species with increasing amounts of threats to its habitat; populations may or
may not be known to be declining.
"*"--Historic record {last observed in the county more than 50 years ago).
"**"--Obscure record (the date and/or location of observation is uncertain).
(Amoroso and Finnegan, 2002; LeGrand, Hall and Finnegan 2001).
NCDOT MARCH 2003

r
TIP 8-4271 NATURAL RESOURCES TECHNICAL REPORT
6.0 REFERENCES
Amoroso, Jame L., and J.T. Finnegan. 2002. "Natural Heritage Program List of the Rare Plant
Species of North Carolina". Raleigh: North Carolina Natural Heritage Program.
Environmental Protection Agency. 2003. EnviroMapper website
(http://maps. epa. gov/enviromapper).
LeGrand, Jr., H.E., S. P. Hall and J.T. Finnegan. 2001. "Natural Heritage Program List of the
Rare Animal Species of North Carolina". North Carolina Natural Heritage Program.
Martof, B. S., et al. 1980. Amphibians and Reptiles of the Carolinas and Virginia. University
of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill.
National Geographic. 1987. Field Guide to the Birds of North America. Third Edition.
National Geographic Society, Washington, D.C.
NCDENR-DWQ. 2002. Basinwide Information Management System (BIMS) webite
(http://h2o. enr.state.nc.us/bims/Reports/reportsWB.html)
NCDENR-DWQ. 2000a. Cape Fear River Basinwide Water Quality Plan.
NCDENR-DWQ. 2000b. North Carolina's Draft 2000 303(d) list.
(http://h2o.enr.state.nc.us/mtu/files/303d/NC2kLIST.pdf)
NCDENR. 1995. "Guidance for rating the values of wetlands in North Carolina". Fourth
Version. North Carolina Department of Environment and natural Resources, Raleigh, North
Carolina.
Radford, A.E., H.E. Ahles and G.R. Bell. 1968. Manual of the Vascular Flora of the Carolinas.
The University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill.
Rohde, F.C., et al. 1994. Freshwater Fishes of the Carolinas, Virginia, Maryland, & Delaware.
University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill.
Schafale, M.P. and A.S. Weakley. 1990. Classification of The Natural Communities of North
Carolina. Third Approximation. North Carolina Natural Heritage Program, Division of Parks
and Recreation, NCDEHNR.
State of North Carolina. 1987. Roseboro Quadrangle [7.5 minute Topographic map]. Reston:
US Geological Service. 1 sheet.
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. 1987. "Corps of Engineers Wetlands Delineation Manual,"
Technical report Y-87-1, U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Miss.
NCDOT
MARCH 2003

TIP B-4271
NATURAL RESOURCES TECHNICAL REPORT
U.S. Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service. 1985. Soil Survey for
Sampson County, North Carolina.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 1993. "Recovery Plan for Pondberry (Lindera melissifolia)".
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Atlanta, GA. 56 pp.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2000. "Technical/agency draft revised recovery plan for the
red-cockaded woodpecker (Piciodes borealis)". U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Atlanta, GA.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2002. North Carolina Ecological Services website (http://nc-
es.fws.gov).
Weakley, A.S. 2000. "Flora of the Carolinas and Virginia". Working Draft May 15, 2000.
Association for Biodiversity Information/The Nature Conservancy, Chapel Hill.
Webster, W.D., J.F. Parnell and W.C. Biggs. 1985. Mammals of the Carolinas, Virginia and
Maryland. The University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill.
NCDOT MARCH 2003

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NAMES AND ADDRESSES
PARCEL N®. NAMES ADDRESSES
I JAMES M.HOBBS
2 JOHNNY DUDLEY
3 MILDRED H. JACKSON
4 DONALD LUCAS
5 KEVIN LUCAS
148 PINE CREST LANE
SOLEMBURG,NC 28385
3603 HAYNE STRETCH ROAD
ROSEBORO,NC 28382
2119 BUTLER ISLAND ROAD
ROSEBORO,NC 28382
1671 BUTLER ISLAND ROAD
ROSEBORO,NC 28382
BUTLER ISLAND ROAD
ROSEBORO,NC 28382

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