19940208 Ver 1_COMPLETE FILE_19940308

r1q111
To: John Dorney
Planning Branch
DIVISION OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
CAMA/COB PERMIT APPLICATION REVIEW
WARO PROJECT # l ' T- ?f- WQ SUPERVISOR: THO
REVIEWER: SAWYER DATE: KZ,?/
W81T.AND INFORMATION FOR CENTRAL OFFICE TRACKING
PERMIT YR: 92 PERMIT NO.: COUNTY:
PROJECT NAME
gc'a,
PROJECT TYP . Co•? 4?a-?P PERMIT TYPE: ME
COE #: DOT #:
RCD FROM CDA: DATE FROM CDA: 34
REG OFFICE: WaRO BASIN PA $ 5-
STREAM OR ADJACENT WATER BODY: r1M
O Cft
CWO?LOSED:
WL IMPACT: N
WL REQUESTED:
HYDRO CNECT?:
MITIGATION:
MITIGATION SIZE:
RECOM MMATION: -
STREAM
WL TYPE:
WL ACR EST:
WL SCORE:
MITIGATION TYPE:
-it*MG SHEET ATTACHED?
ISSUE SSUE/COND DENY
STORMWATER PLAN REQ'D.. IF YES,
PROJECT DESCRIPTION:,
TYPE OF DISPOSAL PROPOS ?-
(EXISTING, PROPOSED, PTIC TANK ETC.)
TO BE PERMITTED BY:
(DEM, DHS,
IF BY DEM, IS SITE AVAILABLE AND PERMIT ISSUANCE PRO ABLE:
WATER/WETIAND FILL y
AREA OF FILL: WATER: / WETLAND:
IS FILL ELIMINATING A SIGNIFICANT USE?/"4
DREDGING
AREA TO BE DREDGED: ?- O -
IS DREDGING ACTIVITY EXPECTED TO CAUSE A SIGNIFICANT LOSS OF
RESOURCE? s ?-,? rn
IS SPOIL DISPOSAL ADEQUATELY ADDRESSED??
MARINA IS SPOIL DISPOSAL ADEQUATELY ADDRESSED?
`=P
cl-j
ARE THE FOLLOWING ADEQUATELY ADDRESSED?
SEWAGE DISPOSAL: MARINA SERVICES:
OXYGEN IN BASIN: CLOSURE OF SHELLFISHING WATERS:; r'
INDEX #: 3 v- 2- 2---
HOLD
t ?D? /?21w4c?
DATE APP4JOVID : d
WATER QUALIFY CERT. (4 ?D ???+•?Qcu.yD
CERT. REQ'D:
IF YES, TYPE:
SEWAGE DISPOSAL
CC: WaRO; Central Files; DCM Field Offices; COE Washington Office
r
MEMORANDUM
DIVISION OF ENVYRO ENT L MANAGEMENT
?F J
s TO: Bill Moore, Environmental Engineer
Water Quality Section, WaRO
FROM: Deborah Sawyer, Environmental Technician
Water Quality Section, WaRO
SUBJECT: Dredge and Fill Reviews on Hold for Stormwater Review
Project:
Project No.:

2 6 ?-- ??
Date Received:
as Date Comment:
Description of Project:
,a "??
Comments:

State.of North Carolina
Department of Environment,
Health and Natural Resources
Division of Environmental Management
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor
Jonathan B. Howes, Secretary
A. Preston Howard, Jr., P.E., Director
April 28, 1994
MEMORANDUM
To: Monica Swihart
Through: John Dorne
From: Eric Galamb?
Subject: EA for Rodanthe,
Dare County
EHNR # 94-0615,
XTIFAA?0o
L7EHNR
Waves and Salvo Water System
DEM WQ # 10580
The subject document has been reviewed by this office. The Division of
Environmental Management is responsible for the issuance of the Section 401 Water
Quality Certification for activities which impact of waters of the state including
wetlands.
The document states that one-half of the plant site is comprised of wetlands. The
document further states that the plant and new well will be constructed outside
wetland areas. If this is the case, a 401 Certification will not be needed.
The 401 Water Quality Certification could be denied if impacts to wetlands have not
been avoided and minimized to the maximum extent practicable. Questions regarding
the 401 Certification should be directed to Eric Galamb in DEM's Water Quality
Planning Branch.
rodwaves.ea
P.O. Box 29535, Raleigh, North Carolina 27626-0535 Telephone [phone] FAY, 919-733-2496
An Equal Opportunity .Affirmafive Action Employer 50% recycled/ 10% post-consumer paper
State of North Carolina
Department of Environment, "'A
Health and Natural Resources &W4 • •
Division of Environmental Management
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor
Jonathan B. Howes, Secretary
E H N R
A. Preston Howard, Jr., P.E., Director
April 22, 1994
County of Dare
P.O. Drawer 1000
Manteo, N.C. 27954
Dear Sirs:
Subject: Proposed fill in Wetlands or Waters
Reverse Osmosis Water Plant utility lines
Dare County
DEM Project #94208
We have reviewed your request for 401 Water Quality Certification to
place fill material in 40 square feet of wetlands or waters which.are
tributary to Rodanthe Harbor for utility line installation located at Reverse
Osmosis Water Plant in Dare County as described in your submittal dated 8
March 1994. Based on this review, we have determined that the proposed fill
is covered by General Water Quality Certification No. 2664. A copy of the
General Certification is attached. This Certification is necessary for
coverage under Corps of Engineers' Nationwide Permit No. 12. This action
completes DEM's review under Section 401 of the Clean Water Act.
If this Certification is unacceptable to you, you have the right to an
adjudicatory hearing upon written request within thirty (30) days following
receipt of this Certification. This request must be in the form of a written
petition conforming to Chapter 150B of the North Carolina General Statutes and
filed with the Office of Administrative Hearings, P.O. Box 27447, Raleigh,
N.C. 27611-7447. Unless such demands are made, this Certification shall be
final and binding.
If you have any questions, please contact John Dorney at 919-733-1786.
Sincerely,
c
L?Pr ston Howard, Jr. P.E.
I
94208.1tr
Attachment
cc: Wilmington District Corps of Engineers
Corps of Engineers Washington Field Office
Washington DEM Regional Office
Mr. John Dorney
Central Files
John Parker, DCM
Black & Veatch
P.O. Box 29535, Raleigh, North Carolina 27626-0535 Telephone [phone] FAX [phone]
An Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer 50% recycled/ l 0% post-consumer paper
State of North Carolina
Department of Environment,
Health and Natural Resources
Division of Coastal Management
James B. Hunt, Jr., Governor
Jonathan B. Howes, Secretary
Roger N. Schecter, Director

:?,.?EHNR
1984

MEMORANDUM
TO:
FROM:
March 2, 1994
Mr. A. Preston Howard, Director
Division of Environmental Management
John R. Parker, Jr.
Major Permits Processing Coordinator
RECEIVED
WASHINGTON OFFICE
MAR 0 4 1994

SUBJECT: CAMA/DREDGE & FILL Permit Application Review
Applicant: Dare, County of
Project Location: Off NC 12, just south of Chicamacomico Lifesaving Station, Rodanthe,
Dare County
Proposed.Project: Construct a Reverse Osmosis Water Plant with two wells, a ground
storage tank, an elevated tank, 20 miles of distribution lines and
a discharge line into Rodanthe Harbor.
Please indicate below your agency's position or viewpoint on the proposed project and
return this form by March 23, 1994. If you have any questions regarding the proposed
project, please contact Peter B. Colwell at [phone]. When appropriate, in-depth
comments with supporting data is requested.,
REPLY V This agency has no objection to the project as proposed.
This agency has no comment on the proposed project.
This agency approves of the project only if the recommended changes
are incorporated. See attached.
This agency objects to the project for reasons described in the
attached comments.
Signed ` :,E r v ?? V Date
1367 U.S. 17 South, Elizabeth City, North Carolina 27909 Telephone [phone] FAX [phone]
An Equal Opportunity Affirmative Action Employer 50% recycled/ 10% post-consumer paper
DIVISION OF COASTAL MANAGEME NT
FIELD INVESTIGATION REPORT 1. APPLICANT'S NAME: Dare, County of 1 MAR 17 1994
2. LOCATION OF PROJECT SITE: Off NC 12, just south of Chicamacomico LiMl rat
Rodanthe, Dare County
Photo Index - 1989: 203-9, F-9 1984: 143-405, F-22
State Plane Coordinates - X: 3048600 Y: 690400
3. INVESTIGATION TYPE: CAMA/D&F
4. INVESTIGATIVE PROCEDURE: Dates of Site Visit - 02/09/94 02/28/94
Was Applicant Present - No No
5. PROCESSING PROCEDURE: Application Received - February 23, 1994
Office - Elizabeth City
6. SITE DESCRIPTION:
(A) Local Land Use Plan - Dare County
Land Classification From LUP - Conservation and Transition
(B) AEC(s) Involved: ES, CW, PT, EW
(C) Water Dependent: No
(D) Intended Use: Public
(E) Wastewater Treatment: Existing - None
Planned - Septic tank & drainfield at water plant
(F) Type of Structures: Existing - 15' x 25' shed, house, & test wells
Planned - Reverse osmosis water plant & holding tanks with
discharge pipes & distribution lines
(G) Estimated Annual Rate of Erosion:.. N/A
Source - N/A
7. HABITAT DESCRIPTION: [AREA]
DREDGED FTT J .F.T)
nTUPI?
(A) Vegetated Wetlands Temporarily Displaced
Coastal Wetlands 40 sq. ft.
(B) Non-Vegetated Wetlands
(C) Other Graded
Upland 14,000 sq. ft. 65,000 sq. ft.
(D) Total Area Disturbed: 79,000 sq. ft. (1.8 acre)
(I?) Primary Nursery Area: No
(F) Water Classification: SA Open: Yes
8. PROJECT SUMMARY: Applicant proposes to construct a Reverse Osmosis Water Plant with two
wells, a ground storage tank, an elevated tank, 20 miles of distribution lines and a discharge line into
Rodanthe Harbor.
x
Dare, County of
Bio Report
Page Two
Site Description
Dare County is proposing to construct a Reverse Osmosis (RO) Water Plant on its
property off NC 12 just south of the'Chicamacomico Lifesaving Station. The water plant
will provide potable water for the villages of Rodanthe, Waves, and Salvo through the year
2010. At present the existing water supply in the area consists of individual shallow wells
that are subject to contamination from salt water overwash and septic system pollution. The
RO plant will have an initial capacity of 1,000,000 gallons per day drawing from the
brackish Yorktown Aquifer with two 300 ft. to 450 ft. deep wells.
The 4.5 acre RO plant site on the east side of NC 12 consists of approximately 2 acres
of upland next to NC 12 and 2 acres of vegetated wetlands between the uplands and the dune
community on the oceanfront. The upland site is dominated by a scrub forest of loblolly
pine Pinus taeda), live oak ( uercus vir ing iana), and wax myrtle M rica cerifera . The
rest of the upland consists of open grassland dominated by salt meadow hay S artina
paten s). The salt meadow hay continues into the wetlands in the center of the property
around a ditch known as the north drain. Black needlerush (Juncus roemarianus) and
sawgrass Cladium sp.) can also be found in the wetland area with widely scattered shrubs
of wax myrtle and groundsel tree Baccharis halimifolia). The salt meadow hay grades out
of the wetlands into a dune community dominated by sea oats Uniola paniculata) and panic
grass (Panicum sue).
The RO Water Plant will be constructed on the upland portion of the tract next to NC
12. This upland site lies 950 ft. to 1000 ft. west of the first line of stable natural vegetation
along the oceanfront of the property and is therefore out of the Ocean Hazard AEC. The
water plant will consist of two deep wells, a one million gallon ground level storage tank, a
200,000 gallon elevated storage tank, a chemical storage building, and the main
administration/treatment building. The water distribution system will consist of a 12-inch
diameter transmission main along NC 12 with smaller distribution lines coining off it. The
distribution lines will cross two culverted tidal creeks where the line will be buried below the
creek bottom.
The brine discharge from the RO Plant will be pumped through an 8" diameter line
under NC 12 and down an access road to Rodanthe Harbor (Blackmar Gut). The
Environmental Assessment refers to discharging the brine via a drainage ditch, but according
to the consulting engineer this is not correct. The 8 inch line will discharge the brine
underwater at the southeastern corner of the Rodanthe Harbor basin. The line will be buried
under existing roadways and under a 10-15 ft. wide fringe of saltmarsh cordgrass (Spartina
alterniflora) around the basin. The RO plant will produce up to 350,000 gallons per day of
reject water discharged into Rodanthe Harbor. According to the Environmental Assessment,
the discharge water will have a total dissolved solids (TDS) of 6 to 10,000 ppm as compared
to a TDS of 14,000 to 18,000 ppm in Pamlico Sound near the project area.
S. a
Dare, County of
Bio Report
Page Three
Anticipated Impacts
The placement of the 8 inch brine discharge line will disturb less than 50 sq. ft. of
coastal wetlands. The marsh should be temporarily displaced while the line is buried and
then replaced over the line. The brine water itself, should be of lower salinity than the sound
water in which it will be discharged. The NPDES permit application has been submitted to
the Division of Environmental Management.
The water distribution lines will disturb several square feet of fringe wetlands where
they cross a tidal creek. The RO plant construction site will disturb approximately 1.8 acres
of upland with grading and filling activities. The applicant should therefore obtain an
approved sedimentation and erosion control plan as well as a stormwater runoff plan.
CAMA Review
The RO Plant site is located in a Transition Zone of the Dare County LUP and the
brine discharge line and water distribution lines will cross Conservation areas. The increase
in availability of good quality potable water could lead to increased development in the
Rodanthe, Waves, and Salvo areas. A full consistency review will follow from Steve
Gabriel.
Submitted by: Peter B. Colwell
Date: March 2, 1994
APR-21-1994 14=19 FROM EHNR WASH REG OFFICE TO
19197331-37-8 P.06
rx)l
To: John Dorney _
Planning Branch
DIVISION OF ENVIIt0NmENTAL MANAGEMENT,
q CANA/COE PERIQT APPLICATION REVIEW .
WaRO PROJECT # T' "? WQ SUPERVISOR: TH
REVIEWER: SAWYER DATE: z,??
WB'PLAND INFORMATION FOR CENTRAL OFFICE TRACKING
PERMIT YR: 92 PERMIT NO.t COUNTY:
?? Q
PROJECT NAMEvtJaz.. 3>Z'--5r-
PROJECT TYPE# Co • c? Ua?- PERMIT TYPE: C?wj%pB
COE #: DOT #:
RCD FROM CDA: (-- DATE FROM CDA:.3AL 9
REG OFFICE: W p? ;:-y?--
STREAM OR ADJACENT WATER BODY; r??
STREAM IBEX 0: 3 v - L -
OR CLOSED:
WL IMPACT: N WL TYPE:
WL REQUESTED: WL ACR EST:
HYDRO CNEM: WL SCORE:
MITIGATION: MITIGATION TYPE:
MITIGATION SIZE: -----P,*TING SHEET ATTACHED?
REC0*umATI0N• YSSUE _-?ISSUE/COND DENY HOLD
STORMWATER PLAN REQ'D; IF YES, DATE APPROVED:
PROJECT- DESCRIPTION: ?
WATER QUALITY CERT. (601)
CERT. REQ'D:
IF YES, TYPE: i
SEWAGE DISPOSAL
TYPE OF DISPOSAL PROPOS ? f --
(EXISTING, 60POSED, PTIC TANK ETC.)
TO BE PERMITTED BY:
(DEM, DHS,
IF BY DEM, IS SITE AVAILABLE AND PERMIT ISSUANCE PRO LE:
WATER/VETI.AND FIU Y
AREA OF FILL: WATER: WETLAND: r
IS FILL ELIMINATING A SIGNIFICANT USE?/`/
DREDGING
AREA TO BE DREDGED:- 0 -
IS DREDGING ACTIVITY EXPECTED TO CAUSE A SIGNIFICANT LOSS OF
RESOURCE?
IS SPOIL DISPOSAL ADEQUATELY ADDRESSED?
MARINA
ARE THE FOLLOWING ADEQUATELY ADDRESSED? Pow
SEWAGE DISPOSAL: MARINA SERVICES:
OXYGEN IN BASIN: CLOSURE OF SHELLFISHING WATERS:
CC: WaRO; Central Files; DCM Field Offices; COE Washington office
a ..
Dare, County of
Bio Report
Page Three
Anticipated Impacts
The placement of the 8 inch brine discharge line will disturb less than 50 sq.ft. of
coastal wetlands. The marsh should be temporarily displaced while the line is buried and
then replaced over the line. The brine water itself should be of lower salinity than the sound
water in which it will be discharged. The NPDES permit application has been submitted to
the Division of Environmental Management.
The water distribution lines will disturb several square feet of fringe wetlands where
they cross a tidal creek. The RO plant construction site will disturb approximately 1.8 acres
of upland with grading and filling activities. The applicant should therefore obtain an
approved sedimentation and erosion control plan as well as a stormwater runoff plan.
CAMA Review
The RO Plant site is located in a Transition Zone of the Dare County LUP and the
brine discharge line and water distribution lines will cross Conservation areas. The increase
in availability of good quality potable water could lead to increased development in the
Rodanthe, Waves, and Salvo areas. A full consistency review will follow from Steve
Gabriel.
Submitted by: Peter B. Colwell
Date: March 2, 1994

1

7

J

1

I

CO UNTY OF DARE
NORTH CAROLINA
RODANTH,WAVF, SALVO
WATER SYSTEM
F_NVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT
BLACK & VEATCH
ASHEBORO, NORTH CAROLINA
B&V Project No. 24420.910
January, 1994
11

DARE COUNTY
RODANTHE, WAVES, SALVO WATER SYSTEM
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT
CONTENTS
PageNo.
INTRODUCTION 1
PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2
NECESSITY 11
EXISTING ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS 13
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT 16
APPENDICES 18
Appendix A: Memo from Harry Johnsonregarding need for system.
Appendix B: Topographicmap of three villages.
Appendix C: Water Plant elevations and floor plan.
Appendix D: Water Plant Site Plan.
Appendix E: Profile of Water Plant and Coast Guard Station.
Appendix F: Maps of Proposed Distribution System.
Appendix G: Map of Reject Line Easement and Plant Site with
adjoining property owners, and deed to overall Plant Site.
Appendix I: Copy of NPDES Application.
Appendix H: Map showing additional property with descriptionsto be
acquired at Plant Site, and Wetlands line.
Appendix J: Map of Wetlands.
Appendix K: Details of stream crossings.
Appendix L: List of property owners to whom letters will be mailed.
Appendix M: Copy of typical letter to property owners.

1

n

DARE COUNTY
RODANTHE, WAVES, SALVO WATER SYSTEM
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT
INTRODUCTION
Pursuant to the requirements of the North Carolina Environmental Policy Act and
the Coastal Area Management Administration, the County of Dare has prepared an
Environmental Assessment (EA) for the construction of a water system to serve the
Hatteras Island villages of Rodanthe, Waves, and Salvo (refer to map following this
page). This Environmental Assessment is required to obtain necessary approvals to
construct the facilities which have been in the formative stage for several years. In
1986, Dare County acquired a tract of land in the Village of Rodanthe for the
purpose of constructing a water treatment plant, a well, and the water storage tanks.
The well was constructed at that time, and pumping tests were conducted to verify
the quantity and quality of water. Subsequent to the well construction, pilot tests
were conducted to determine the suitability of using membrane treatment (reverse
osmosis) for the water. Tests verified that the water could be treated for potable use
using reverse osmosis. In fact, tests indicated that the water would be of better
quality than the water at the Kill Devil Hills RO plant.
Plans are to design the system to accommodate water needs of the three villages to
the year 2010. The projected needs are based on The Carrying Capacity study
prepared by Booz, Allen and Hamilton in 1986, and the Comprehensive Engineering
Report prepared by Black & Veatch, Inc. in 1984. The maximum day demand in
2010 is anticipated to be 1.0 million gallons. The annual average day in 2010 is
estimated to be 310,000 gallons, or 113,000,000 gallons per year. Considering that the
recovery of potable water is 80% of the feed water, the annual withdrawal from the
aquifer is projected to be 141,000,000 gallons.

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Area served by
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CAPE HATTERAS
Hatteras Area served by
existing system
STUDY AREA

This EA addresses an array of potential primary, secondary, and cumulative impacts
associated with the project construction and operation. Results of the assessment
' indicate that the project will not impose any significant impact on the environment,
provided the design is completed in accordance with the impact avoidance/mitigation
' measures described in this report, as well as those required by the contract drawings
and specifications. Conformance with these measures will be ensured during
construction through construction management and observation by the Engineer, the
' County of Dare, and the North Carolina Department of Environmental Health and
Natural Resources (NCDEHNR).
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
Water System Design. It is proposed to use deep wells for the water supply using
reverse osmosis treatment to remove the chlorides and dissolved solids. The plant
will have an initial RO capacity of 1,000,000 gallons per day, with the ability to be
expanded.
Storage will be provided by means of 200,000 gallons in an elevated tank and
1,000,000 gallons in a ground level tank.
The distribution system will be comprised of a basic 12-inch diameter line along
' Highway 12 through the three villages, with other lines being 2 inches through 8
inches in diameter. Fire hydrants will be located an average of every 1000 feet along
' all lines 6-inches and larger in diameter. As proposed, the distribution system can
deliver 1,800 gallons per minute of water with a minimum pressure of 35 pounds per
square inch. This will provide the ability to meet not only the peak day demand, but
simultaneously deliver 500 gallons per minute fire flow. Based on the population
projections established in the Carrying Capacity Report, the system as proposed
would be adequate to the year 2010. Tables 1 and 2 summarize anticipated
projections.
Water Supply. The existing water supply in the Rodanthe, Waves, and Salvo area
consists of individual shallow wells of the upper water table aquifer that are mainly
captured rainfall. A previous study estimates that approximately 25 percent of the
annual rainfall (45 inches) is retained in this aquifer as a potential water supply.
Date County/ 24420.910 2
n

TABLE 1
POPULATION PROJECTION - PERMANENT AND SEASONAL
1985 1990 1995
Comprehensive Engineering 4,123 5,876 6,000
Report (1984)
Carrying Capacity Study
(1986):
Low Growth 5,555 5,813 6,151
Medium Growth 5,555 6,116 6,850
Rapid Growth 5,555 6,963 9,028
Derv CoanV244W.910
2000 2005 2010
6,160 7,339 7,500
6,514 6,800 7,200
7,806 8,600 9,500
11,942 13,000 15,000
1
1
TABLE 2
WATER REQUIREMENTS (mgd)
Maximum Day (1)
Maximum Hour (2)
Annual Average (3)
<i> 105 gpcd
(2) 2 times Maximum Day
(3) 0.30 times Maximum Day
hers Qounof2442aQIO
1995 2000 2005 2010
0.72 0.82 0.92 1.02
1.44 1.64 1.84 2.04
0.22 0.25 0.28 0.31
[I

Previous studies have identified a need in this area for a safe and dependable potable
water supply that would serve current and future development.
A testing project was undertaken to determine whether any groundwater exists which
can be treated by desalination. A test well was drilled approximately 300 feet south
of the Chicamacomico Lifesaving Station located in Rodanthe. The well drilling
anticipated finding the same aquifers that were found in the test well drilled in Kill
Devil Hills for the northern Dare County desalination project, although the aquifers
were expected to be deeper due to the general slope of the geological plates. The
drilling located the following aquifers:
• Upper Aquifer. This is a watertable aquifer located approximately 8 to 30
' feet deep containing fresh water and currently is used as the primary water
source for private wells in the three villages.

Lower Aquifer. This is a confirmed aquifer of loose sand, located
approximately 200 to 250 feet deep. The water, as tested at a depth of 211
to 216 feet, has the same salinity as seawater. Apparently there is a direct
connection between this water and the Atlantic Ocean.
• Yorktown Aquifer. The Yorktown aquifer was found at elevations 330 to
600 feet, approximately the same depths as in Kill Devil Hills. Water is of
varying quality ranging from moderately brackish at the top to half seawater
strength at the bottom of aquifer.
' Castle Hayne Aquifer. The Castle Hayne aquifer was not found, although
drilling continued to a depth of 1,400 feet. Further drilling was not done
since, in all likelihood, the water would be highly saline and costs would
prohibit deep well drilling.

1

The Yorktown aquifer at the test well consists mainly of confined sand. Driller's
observation of the aquifer indicates that the well could yield in excess of 1,000 gpm,
not considering the effect on water quality. Water samples were taken from 332 to
342 feet deep and 507 to 517 feet deep. These samples were analyzed, both at the
well head and in the laboratory. Results of these analyses are shown in Table 3.
Dare County/ 24420.910 3

L

i]

TABLE 3
YORKTOWN AQUIFER WATER ANALYSIS
DEPTH OF SAMPLE
332.342 & 507-517 ft.
BOD5 (mg/1) <15 <1.5
Alkalinity, as CaC03 603 528
Chloride (mg4) 439 4,920
Color (PCU) 35 10
Conductivity @ 25 C (umhoS/cm2) 2,250 14,000
Fluoride (mg4) 1.58 156
Total Hardness (mg4) 94 890
Nitrate-Nitrogen (mg4) 0.055 0.062
Nitrate-Nitrogen (mg4) <0.002 <0.002
pH (units) 8.0 75
Total Phosphorus (mgA) 0.074 0.048
Total Solids (mgA) 1,430 9,480
Total Volatile Solids (m&4) 177 468
Total Suspended Solids (mg4) 10 19
Total Dissolved Solid (mg4) 1,410 9,430
Sulfate (mgA) <2 530
Turbidity (NUJ) 13 73
TOC (mg4) 151 134
Free Chlorine (mgA) <0.1 <0.1
Silica (mgA) 28.8 18.6
Strontium (mg4) 0.63 0.44
Silver (mg4) <0.005 <0.005
Aluminum (mg4) <0.5 <0.5
Arsenic (mgA) 0.0005 0.0077
Barium (mg11) 0.20 <0.05
Calcium (mgA) 1151 93.6
Cadmium (mg4) <0.005 <0.005
Total Chromium (mg/1) <0.005 <0.005
Hexavalent Chromium (mgA) <0.01 <0.01
Copper (mg4) 0.009 <0.005
Iron (mg4) 0.635 1.236
Mercury (mg4) <0.0005 <0.0005
Potassium (mgA) 33.5 142
Magnesium (mgA) 36.2 187
Manganese (mgA) 0.014 0.028
Sodium (mgA) 540 3,330
Lead (mgA) <0.05 0.032
Selenium (m&4) <0.0005 <0.001
zinc (mgA) 0.03 0.087
SDI (units) Void 7
Temperature (deg F) 74 72
Dare Coun4124420.810

7
L
7

The characteristics of the aquifer were further studied by setting an 8-inch well screen
at a depth of 300 feet to 450 feet, and conducting pump tests. To complete the tests,
an 8-inch diameter stainless steel casing was increased to 12-inch diameter to
accommodate the pump. The pump tests conducted were step drawdown, 24-hour
pumping and recovery, and a long-duration pumping test. The latter test was
performed to assess the potential for salt water intrusion and hydrologic connections
between aquifers. The pumping rate for the 24-hour and long-duration tests was 450
gpm, or less than half of the driller's estimate of well capacity. This pumping rate
and the screen setting depth were selected to attempt to draw only from the top part
of the aquifer and limit the TDS of the potential supply to 2,500 mg/l or less.
Although terminated after 11 days due to equipment problems, the long-duration
pump test was originally intended to pump for 15 to 20 days.
Table 4 depicts the results of the analyses of water samples from the test well during
the long-duration pump test. Analysis consisted of tests at the well head for silt
density index, temperature, pH, turbidity, and iron concentration. These tests were
conducted each weekday with samples sent to the laboratory weekly to be analyzed
for a broad range of constituents which are factors in desalination process design.
' The analyses concluded that the water is slightly brackish, high in alkalinity and TOC,
and relatively high in silica and fluoride. Iron concentration is relatively low, and no
' problems are anticipated with iron scaling of reverse osmosis membranes. However,
the high level of alkalinity, when combined with the low calcium concentration,
creates a problem. The finished water will be corrosive due to the excellent removal
of membranes of calcium and alkalinity, but not carbon dioxide. To compensate, the
' treated water will require post treatment of degasification for carbon dioxide
reduction, followed by the addition of lime or caustic soda to raise pH to stabilize the
water. Blending of raw water with RO permeate will also help to stabilize the
' treated water, but blending may be limited by other factors.
The evaluation of the water quality of Rodanthe's Yorktown aquifer confirms that
treatment of this water by a desalination process is feasible. There are no
' constituents in the water which would prohibit its use as a feedwater for desalting.
However, the plant design should carefully consider all factors listed above to ensure
that the plant can successfully treat this water.
Dare County/ 24420.910 4

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TABLE 4
YORKTOWN AQUIFER WATER ANALYSIS
DAY OF SAMPLE
2
BODE (11194) <0.2 <03
Alkalinity, as COC03 597 601
Chloride (mg4) 435 435
Color (PCU) 30 30
Conductivity @ 25 C (umhos/Cm2) 2,200 2,350
Fluoride (mg4) 1.96 1.95
Total Hardness (mg4) 98 100
Nitrate-Nitrogen (mg4) 0.054 0.025
Nitrate-Nitrogen (mg4) <0.002 <0.002
pH (units) 7.8 7.9
Total Phosphorus (mg4) 0.086 0.05
Total Solids (mg4) 1,480 1,470
Total Volatile Solids (mg4) 271 221
Total Suspended Solids (mg4) 4 7
Total Dissolved Solid (mg4) 1,460 1,467
Settable Solids (mg4) <0.1 <0.1
Sulfate (mg4) <2 44
Turbidity (NTIJ) 03 3.0
TOC (mg4) 115 117
Free Chlorine (mg4) <0.1 <0.1
Silica (mg4) 6.1 27
Strontium (mg4) 0.75 0.72
Silver (mg4) <0.01 <0.01
Aluminum (mg4) <0.2 <0.2
Arsenic (mg4) <0.002 <0.002
Barium (mg/1) <0.1 <0.11
Calcium (mg4) 9.48 9.40
Cadmium (mg/1) <0.005 <0.005
Total Chromium (mg4) <0.02 <0.02
Hexavalent Chromium (mg4) <0.02 <0.02
Copper (mg4) <0.02 <0.02
Iron (1119/1) 0.052 0.048
Mercury (mg/1) <0.0005 <0.0005
Potassium (mg4) 38.5 35.8
Magnesium (mg4) 20.6 19.9
Manganese (mg4) <0.01 <0.01
Sodium (mg4) 588 527
Lead (mg/1) <0.05 <0.09
Selenium (mg4) 0.0023 0.0025
Zinc (mg4) 0.024 0.026
SDI (units) 0.8 0.6
Temperature (deg F) 70 70
Dam County124421).00

1
The quantity of water which can be withdrawn from the Yorktown aquifer for
treatment in the area of the three villages, from either a single well or from a well
' field, depends on the geological characteristics of the formation, the amount of water
stored in the aquifer, and preservation of water quality. As mentioned previously, the
physical characteristics of the formation will allow high yielding wells, in excess of
1,000 gpm, and perhaps as high as 2,000 gpm. This is confirmed by drawdown
measurements taken during pump testing. The apparent specific capacity of the
completed well is 20 gpm/foot. At well yield of 1,000 gpm, the drawdown is 50 feet.
This is within usual well design parameters.
t Due to the relatively small raw water requirements for this area, a detailed study of
overall aquifer characteristics was not made. Comparison of this part of the aquifer
with the detailed information about the aquifer obtained from the test well in Kill
Devil Hills indicates that the raw water requirements of Rodanthe-Waves-Salvo can
I be met from the Yorktown aquifer.
The projected wells required for the design period are shown in Table 5.
As illustrated, two wells will be sufficient to supply the area's needs through 2010.
However, this is based on an average well production of 450 gpm.
It is also projected that one additional well be provided to serve as an emergency
back-up. Construction of this well could be delayed until sufficient data is available
to determine actual need. GMI, a groundwater consulting firm, analyzed the data of
the test well near Kill Devil Hills. GMI's typical well construction design is shown
in Figure 1. This typical well design was used to determine the probable well
construction cost.
Since only two wells are required, no significant raw water transmission main is
' necessary. Raw water piping should be of inert material, preferably PVC or
fiberglass.
The pretreatment normally required fora groundwater desalination plant is less
' stringent than for desalination of surface water.
Dare County/ 24420.910 5

TABLE 5
PRODUCTION WELLS REQUIRED
Desi gt Year Water Demand Well Capacity
(mgd) (mgd)
1995 0.72 1.29
2000 0.82 1.29
2005 0.92 1.29
2010 1.02 1.29
A total of two wells will be required for 1995 as well as 2010.
Dare CountX244W.810
No. of Wells'
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00

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For desalination by reverse osmosis of the water sampled and analyzed, the
pretreatment required is acid addition for pH adjustment, scale inhibitor chemical
addition to increase recovery, and 5 micron cartridge filtration to protect the
membranes from suspended matter. This level of pretreatment is typical of a
majority of RO plants.
Water Treatment. Previous studies have evaluated all alternatives for the area's
water supply and treatment. The most effective method to supply the long-range
need is desalination by the reverse osmosis process using the Yorktown aquifer's
brackish groundwater.
Desalination processes are used when water contains dissolved solids that cannot be
removed by conventional treatment or when total dissolved solids are present in
sufficient quantity to make desalination processes cost effective. Typical dissolved
solids which, when present in sufficient quantity, require the use of a desalination
process include sodium, calcium, magnesium, sulfate, chloride, and bicarbonate.
Saline water is defined as water with chloride concentration greater than 250 mg/l
and total dissolved solids (TDS) concentrations greater than 500 mg/l. Saline waters
include salt water, which is undiluted seawater typically containing 35,000 mg/l TDS,
and brackish water, containing up to 10,000 mg/l TDS. Brackish waters include highly
mineralized groundwater and diluted seawater.
Dare County has an abundance of saline waters which are potential drinking water
supplies if desalination can be economically employed. Sources of saline water near
Rodanthe, Waves, and Salvo include:
' The Atlantic Ocean.
' Pamlico Sound.
• Outer Banks groundwater, found in several aquifers of both brackish and salt
water at depths exceeding 100 feet.
Water treatment costs, both capital and operating and maintenance, are considerably
less for brackish water than for salt water. Since brackish water is available, salt
Dare County/ 24420.910 6

RECOMMENDED HOLE b
CASING SIZES
40"
36" CASING
1
30"
It" INI
WATER PURI
2'
24" I
INHIBITED
14" - 24" CSI
14" SS I
UNDI
'SS SI
SCREEI
SS GUIDI
NOT TO SCALE
APPROXIMATE DEPTHS
)'
BOTTOM 60' OF
24" CASING TO
BE SS
450'
460'
465'
GROUNDWATER MANAGEMENT, INC.
FIGURE 1
PROPOSED WELL
CONSTRUCTION DESIGN
JOB NO: HY-0147 DATE: SEPT. 8, 198

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water will not be considered further. Pamlico Sound has TDS concentration of
14,000 to 18,000 near the project area, which would require seawater desalination
processes.
Reverse osmosis is a physical process that takes advantage of the natural tendency
of water to dilute a concentrated solution. When salt water and fresh water are on
opposite sides of a membrane that is permeable to water but not to solids dissolved
in water, dilution of the salt water occurs as water molecules pass through the
membrane. When an external pressure is applied to the salt water, the after flow
across the membrane can be reversed and pure water is removed from the more
concentrated salt solution. This process is reverse osmosis.
Figure 2 shows the reverse osmosis process in simplified form. Pressure is
continuously applied to the feed stream by a high pressure pump, while product and
brine are continuously withdrawn. Dissolved solids rejected by the membrane are
continuously flushed from the system in the brine. The brine contains a high level
of dissolved solids while the product contains a low level. A flow regulating valve on
the brine discharge line controls the percentage of feedwater that is converted to
product.
Currently available RO devices are either hollow fiber membrane permeators or
spiral wound membrane permeators. The design and manufacture of these devices
and of process systems incorporating these devices is high specialized. Performance
of the process depends upon feedwater quality, applied pressure, and the presence
of potential fouling or scaling ions which can harm membranes. RO is typically cost-
effective at feedwater TDS concentrations of 1,000-6,000 mg/l. The primary
operating costs include electric power for the high pressure pumps and membrane
replacement.
RO is used mainly for treating groundwater. Surface waters usually require extensive
pretreatment for removal of suspended solids and turbidity. Groundwater requires
cartridge filtration for removal of fine suspended solids and possibly chemical
' addition. Other pretreatment requirements are specific to membrane materials nd
configuration.
Dare County/ 24420.910 7
1

1
1
1
1

Feed
Water ' \•

High r
Pressure ;; ''•?
Pump I

Regulating Valve
Brine
Pressure Vessel
Semipermeable Membrane
Product
FIGURE 2 - REVERSE OSMOSIS SCHEMATIC

' RO is a viable process for treating brackish groundwater in the three village area.
Initially, up to 350,000 gallons per day of reject water (TDS 6-10,000 ppm) would be
discharged to the Pamlico Sound via a drainage ditch to Blackmar Gut. Blackmar
Gut is a boat harbor on the west side of Highway 12 opposite the plant site.
' A RO plant to produce water for a water system for Rodanthe, Waves, and Salvo will
consist of many RO membranes assembled in vessels and groups of vessels and
' staged. The major options are as follows:
' Spiral wound permeators consisting of sheets of membranes and spacers
wound around a collection tube. Usually, several permeators are placed in
series in a single pressure tube.
• Hollow fiber permeators consisting of many hair-like fibers in a bundle
located inside a pressure tube.
' Parallel single-staged systems consisting of many permeators connected in
parallel.
' Brine-staged systems wherein the brine from the first stage becomes the
feedwater for the second stage. This approach both maximizes recovery and
' minimizes brine volumes.
• Product-staged systems where the products from the first stage are passed
through a second stage to provide higher quality product water.
All of these options have much in common. Permeators are mounted on racks and
connected by manifolds. Recovery is controlled by a valve on the brine manifold.
' Provisions must be made to sample and replace permeators individually and to clean
permeator racks. RO systems usually have parallel racks of permeators that can be
' operated independently to increase or decrease plant flow. Several on-line
instruments are needed to provide performance data for operating decisions.
Materials of construction must be carefully chosen for all parts of the RO system due
to the potential for corrosion. Non-metallic materials should be used for all wet parts
Dare County/ 24420.910 8

wherever practical and economical. The high operating pressures also must be
considered in material selection.
Pretreatment and other appurtenant systems are also required.
• Cartridge filtering system to remove suspended particles down to 5 microns.
• Chemical feed systems as required by detailed process design. The most
likely chemicals that will be needed are acid for Ph control and a scale
inhibitor.
Other equipment and facilities will be required at the RO water treatment plant.
Facilities located at the plant are listed below:
Treatment Plant Building. This building will house all the RO equipment,
pretreatment equipment, chemical feed and storage systems, and
transmission and transfer pumps. It will also house mechanical and electrical
equipment, and include personnel facilities such as an operations room,
laboratory, offices, conference rooms, locker rooms, etc.
• Storage Reservoir. A ground storage reservoir will be needed to provide a
buffer between plant production rate and pumping rate and for times when
the treatment plant is shut down. The size of the reservoir will be based on
I total water demand, and will be 1.0 million gallons.
' High Service Pumps. High service pumps will supply treated water to the
distribution system. Studies will be made during the plant design to
' determine the correct discharge pressure of the pumps.
• Operations Room. There should be one room in the plant for centralized
controls where operating decisions are made. This room would have all
display instruments for monitoring plant processes, and contain control
instruments for implementing process control decisions. The control system
will include some microprocessor-based controls. Controls will be such that
the plant's operation can be monitored at the Kill Devil Hills plant.
Dare County/ 24420.910 9

The plant will be arranged on-site to accommodate future expansion. The initial
capacity will be 1.0 mgd, with a the ability to expand to 2.0 mgd if ever needed. The
potential site purchased by the County will have adequate space for the plant without
encroaching on wetlands.
A RO plant composed of several parallel treatment modules can be operated at
various flow rates simply by starting or stopping modules. Proper shutdown
procedures must be followed to prevent damage to the membranes while inactive.
Thus, varying the flow rate should be done in increments and not to match water
demands required for short durations. The plant flow rate should be selected, set,
and maintained for as long as possible. During the off-peak season, the RO plant
should operate at a reduced capacity, rotating the modules daily.
Water Distribution. The distribution system was designed using computer modeling
performed by hydraulic analysis. The hydraulic analysis is an analytical method of
predicting the hydraulic gradient pattern (pressure) that may occur over a system
network based on a given set of water demands.
The distribution mains were sized based on 100 percent participation in the area and
the design flow of 400 gallons per residential connection plus a 500 gpm fire flow
demand on the system. The distribution system is designed to deliver a maximum
' flow of 2.6 mgd while maintaining a minimum pressure of 35 psi throughout the
system. The system will have sufficient capacity to supply the projected 2010
maximum hour demand of 2.04 mgd.
' The water distribution system will consist of a 12-inch diameter transmission main
along Highway 12, from the elevated tank at Rodanthe, to the south side of Salvo.
' This size main is needed due to the elevated storage tank's location at the north end
of the system. If the tank was located nearer the center of the overall distribution
system, the transmission main could possibly be reduced to an 8-inch diameter. This
would reduce the probable construction cost; however, this cost savings would need
to be weighed against the cost of acquiring a centrally located tank site as well as the
possibility of eventually supplying water to Avon. With an 8-inch transmission main,
pressure would also drop below 20 psi with a fire flow of 500 gallons per minute at
the north and south ends of the distribution system during the maximum day demand.
' Dare County/ 24420.910 10

' Storage. Storage is provided in a distribution system to alleviate heavy demand
periods, supplying the difference between maximum day and maximum hour
' demands, and other emergency flow conditions. Normally, one-half of the total
storage volume should satisfy maximum hour demand and the other half should be
reserved for emergencies and fire fighting purposes. Using the above criteria and a
' 4-hour maximum duration, the area would need 340,000 gallons of storage to supply
the maximum hour condition plus emergency reserve for the design period 2010.
i State regulations impose the additional requirement that sufficient storage be
available to supply the peak demand for 24 hours.
' The required storage volume based on both of the criteria listed above are shown in
' Table 6.
Based on the state regulation, approximately 1.0 MG of storage volume would be
needed by 2010. This storage can be provided in any combination, ground storage,
and/or elevated storage. The tentative plan is for the wells, treatment plant, and
' ground storage to be located at the same site which is owned by Dare County. Based
on the location of these facilities, it will be most feasible to provide the majority of
the storage required as ground storage.
It is proposed that 200,000 gallons of elevated storage and 1,000,000 gallons of
i ground storage be provided for a combined storage of 1,200,000 gallons. This would
be sufficient to meet the needs of the area through 2010.
' Primary Beneficiaries. The primary beneficiaries of this project will be the
' permanent and seasonal residents of the three villages of Rodanthe, Waves, and
Salvo. The benefits will be a safe and reliable potable water supply that meets the
1986 Amendments to the Safe Drinking Water Act.
NECESSITY
Presently, water is obtained from the surficial aquifers which is groundwater
replenished only by rainfall. This water, being surficial, is subject to various types of
pollution such as effluent from septic tank drain lines and ocean or sound over-wash.
Most recently, these villages had 150-160 private water supplies contaminated with
r
I Dare County/ 24420.910 11

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TABLE 6
REQUIRED STORAGE VOLUME
1995 2000 2005 2010
Maximum Hour and 240,000 273,000 306,000 340,000
Emergency
State Regulation 720,000 820,000 920,000 1,020,000
Dare Cou V244W.Bra

' salt water from sound-side flooding during the March 13-14, 1993 hurricane. It was
necessary to haul in potable water from March 15, 1993 to June 30, 1993 (three and
one-half months).
' The water quality is poor due to vegetation decay within this surficial zone. This
poor quality is created by color, iron, hydrogen sulfide, and various organics.
Pollution from septic tank drains is a real hazard. The porous soil type enables the
water to move quickly through the ground, thus making it easier and faster for water
to move from septic tank drain fields to well points.
Finally, all of the other villages on Hatteras Island enjoy safe, high quality water from
' a system operated under the State of North Carolina and Environmental Protection
Agency requirements.
A copy of a memorandum to the Hatteras Island Commissioner in 1990 from Harry
Johnson, Director of the Dare County Health Department is attached as Appendix
' A. This letter graphically points out the potential health problems in the villages of
Rodanthe-Waves-Salvo. This memorandum, in addition to problems encountered
' with contamination of private wells by salt water during the March 13-14, 1993
hurricane, clearly established the need for a potable water system to serve residents
of these three communities.
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Date County/ 24420.910 12

EXISTING ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
Topography. The map shown as Appendix B covers the topography of the three
villages. Elevations range from a low of sea level at the ocean and sound to a high
of 14.0 feet at the north end of the Village of Rodanthe. The tops of fore dunes,
near the ocean, are generally at elevation 10.0 above sea level. The average
' elevation within the villages is approximately 6.0 feet. The 100-year flood level is 8.0
feet.
Wetlands. About one-half of the plant site owned by the County is comprised of
' wetlands. The western half is generally at elevation 5.0 and is sparsely vegetated.
This is where the facilities are to be constructed. Additionally, the water lines
constructed within the highway and street right-of-ways will cross several low areas
' and two drainage channels. These crossings have been be identified and sketches
prepared for approval, as required by CAMA, and are included in the Appendix.

0

F
Water Quality. Ground water will be the water supply source. The reject water, 20-
25% of what is pumped from the wells, will be returned to the Pamlico Sound via
a drainage ditch and Blackman Gut. The TDS of the water in the Pamlico Sound
varies between 14-17,000 ppm. It is anticipated that the reject water will have a TDS
of 6-10,000 ppm, being lower at the beginning of operation. This will have no
negative impact on the Pamlico Sound water. By the year 2010, approximately
32,000,000 gallons per year of reject water will be discharged to the sound. For
example, in one year, 1,300,000 gallons of rain water falls on each one acre of the
Pamlico Sound. This water has no TDS.
Soils. The soil in the three villages is primarily sand mixed with some silt and
vegetable matter in the lower and marshy areas.
Land Use. The land area within the three villages is used primarily for seasonal and
non-seasonal residents. Generally, the business areas are typically strip type
development along Highway 12.
Dare County/ 24420.910 13
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F

Air Quality. The project's nearest air monitoring stations are Plymouth, Roanoke
Rapids, and Elizabeth City. The air quality of the area is considered extremely good,
free from heavy industrial type of pollution. The prevailing winds are from the
southwest and not effected by traveling pollution. The climate is such that periods
of air stagnation, or inversion, occur infrequently and when present, lasts for
extremely short periods. There are no air quality permits required for the proposed
project. The particulate matter varied between 40 - 96 at Elizabeth City during 1990.
Solid Waste Management. Solid waste is collected by Dare County and disposed of
in the regional landfill. This landfill was constructed and is operated in accordance
with the requirements of the State of North Carolina. The only solid waste generated
will be from residential housing units. The volume of waste generated will be that
typical for a residential unit. There is no industrial or commercial activity in the area
that generates solid waste other than that typical of small retail establishments.
Transportation. The project will not substantially affect the transportation along
Highway 12. The installation of waterlines along state roads will be in conformance
with North Carolina Department of Transportation's encroachment agreement.
Noise. The project may Produce temporary noise impact associated with
construction. After construction, noise should resume to its normal level.

117
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Historical and Archaeological Areas. There are no known historical/archaeological
sites in the project areas (within the DOT right-of-way) or on the plant and well sites.
However, the plant will be near the historical Chicamacomico Coast Guard Station.
This is addressed in more detail in the Appendix, including elevations and floor plan
of the proposed building.
Wildlife and Endangered Species. Wildlife will not be directly affected by the
construction of this project.
Energy. Electric power will be supplied by the Cape Hatteras EMC. The project will
require a fair amount of energy, therefore, could have minor effect on the areas's
energy supply. Actually energy usage should decrease due to two large pumps
replacing almost 800 small well pumps. Because of the possible effect on the Cape
Dam County/ 2020.910 14

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Hatteras EMC energy supply, complete diesel standby capability is being provided
in order to allow the system to operate independently at times of peak power usage.
Construction. The adverse impacts of construction, noise, soil erosion, and vehicular
traffic will be minimized through local and state regulations.
Toxic Substance. The use of toxic, hazardous, or radioactive substance will not be
affected by this project.
Public Reaction. The project has received the approval of Dare County officials. No
negative comments have been received to date, or at the public meetings held in
connection with initiation of this project.
Alternatives to the Proposed Project. (a) There are no alternative locations for
construction of water lines. Waterlines must be constructed within road and street
rights-of-way; (b) there is no alternative design; (c) there are no alternative projects
having similar value; (d) no project would result in continued problems due to an
inadequate water supply and greater health hazards. In general, the environment
would deteriorate without a public water system.
Mitigation Measures. The project will comply with all applicable laws to avoid any
adverse impacts that may develop. Contractors for the project will be required to
provide siltation and erosion control measures satisfactory to the State to minimize
any environmental impact. They, likewise, will be required to provide traffic control
measures to minimize traffic delays and potential for accidents in the vicinity of
construction along roads and streets.
Permits. Construction and environmental health permits will be required. No
permits have been obtained; however, the application for an NPDES Permit has been
submitted to DEM and is in the review process.
Other Federal Actions. No federal agency or federal programs, other than
permitting, will be involved on this project.
Dare County/ 24420.910 15

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ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
Wetlands Impact. The plant and new well will be constructed outside of any
wetlands areas. The waterlines, constructed in street and highway rights-of-way, will
be crossing several wetland areas. Steps will be taken through erosion control and
storm water control to minimize the wetlands impact. With the exception of two
stream crossings, the wetland areas are surficial ground water with no outlet to the
sound or ocean.
Land Use Impact. The proposed improvements will be constructed within the
boundaries of property owned by the County, highway and street rights-of-way and
easements obtained from property owners. This project will have no impact on land
use.
Air Quality Impact. The only impact on air quality will be during construction.
Emissions will be from diesel powered equipment primarily, thus having no impact
on the ozone layer.
Scenic Area Impact. The water plant building is designed to compliment the historic
Chicamacomico Coast Guard Station. Elevations and profiles of the plant are
included in the Appendix, along with a site plan. The elevated water tank is designed
to resemble a golf ball on a tee (such as the South Nags Head Tank). These steps
have been taken to have a positive visual impact.
Water Quality Impact. The discharge of reverse osmosis reject water to Blackmar
Cut will have no impact on the waters of the Pamlico Sound. The differences in the
TDS will be such as to not alter the TDS of the sound water. The Ocracoke RO
plant discharges its reject water to the Pamlico Sound and no adverse results have
Dare County/ 24420.910 16

been observed. A copy of the NPDES application to the Division of Environmental
Management is included in the Appendix.
Water Resources Impact. Well yield and testing of different pumping rates indicate
there will no impact on ground water in the area. The well spacing (2,000 feet) and
pumping rate (450 gpm) will be such that no appreciable change in TDS will result
from either lateral or vertical salt water encroachment. The expected well drawdown
of 22-23 feet at 450 gpm will have no overlapping influence on the other well. Also,
the wells will have ample time to rest.
' Wildlife and Endangered Species Impact. This project will have no impact on
wildlife or endangered species. All construction, with the exception of plant site and
well site, will be within street and/or highway rights-of-way, where construction and
land disturbing activities have already taken place.
I Public Health Impact. The construction of this project will have a positive impact
on the potential health of residents and tourists in the three villages. (Refer in the
Appendix to Harry Johnson, Director of Dare County Health Department memo
' dated May 31, 1990.

' Dare County/ 24420.910 17

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APPENDICES

1

Dare County/ 24420.910 18
0
I.,?
-'/ taro
IfVar ) U. J, `ttri• -toN
1'!.Al rt+t)t qj t, it,
APPENDIX "A"
(4 pages)
DARE Cot JNTY DEPARTMENT O(=• HEALTH
f!(1.111(`1?III (.AlI (11IfJA279.'i/l
hiay 31, 1990
P. O. BOX 1000
PHONE [phone]
MEMO
TO: Gack Austin
Commissioner, Hatteras Township
FROM: Barry Johnson, Director f D
Dare Countv health Department
RE: Water Supply- Rodarthe, Waves, `Salvo
I have for a number of years become increasingly concerned with the
amount of development occurring in the Rodanthe, Waves, Salvo area.
I have also from time to time voiced these concerns to the health
Board;:and to individual commissioners. My most fundamental concern
is that the rate of development is exceeding our ability to service
the area with a reliable source of potable water, a reliable means
of domestic wastewater disposal, and perhaps other county services
which are outside my jurisdiction but nonetheless have some impact
on public health arid the quality of. life. My concerns are heavily
influenced by the following items:
1. Lot Size: The majority of the developable property
in this area was platted marry years ago. Regrettably,
the lots were plotted in size ranging from 5,000 to
approximately 10,000 square feet. Since 1981, of
course, we have required the larger lot sizes of 15,000
and 20,000 square feet depending on potable water source
but there are relatively few subdivisions currently
existing in this area with lot -sizes this large. Dtatsity
therefore, is a major concern. It ranges from 4 to 8
dwelling units per acre, depending upon the size of the
lot. Obviously that implies that there are also that
marry septic tanks and private wells per acre. From the
prospective of 20-20 hindsight a density of 2 or 3
dwelling units per acre might be manageable. Greater
' density, I think,, increases public health risk.
JUL 3
'..t YT
17,01-11 : lkt(f"?
.May 31, 1990
i
2. Soil Conditions: Tht! soils in this area are generally
unsuitable for septic systems in a very technical sense.
Sand, with a very high infiltration rate, combined with
a very high ground water table, make a very bad combination
for septic system efficiency. The proximity of miscellaneous
bodies of water simply compound the problem. Developmental
pressures exerted by real estate interests as well as private
property owners, coupled with occasional political pressure,
have tended to create a situation wherein we are allowing
the installation of septic systems on increasingly marginal
property. As you are well aware, the health department
creates considerable agitation when we deny a septic permit.
Although no elected official has ever given me explicit
instructions to issue a permit that I felt was unwarranted,
I have sensed a general feeling that elected officials prefer
that we try to find a way to modify the property in order to
make it acceptable rather than denying the permit. Notwith-
standing the fact that there are a large number of lots in
the Rodanthe, Waves and Salvo area that have, in fact, been
denied permits, we have been as lenient in issuing permits
as we possibly can be in keeping with the spirit and intent
of the State sewage rules.
3. Potable Water: One requirement for a septic permit as well
as healthy living is a source of potable water. There are
no public water sources available in this area, and altlxxigh
there are a few community systems, most all potable water
must be obtained through private wells. The standard nwiinun
separation distance between a septic system and a private
well is 100 feet. There is, however, an exemption paragraph
in the sewage rules that allows for lots platted prior to
1977 a discretionary reduction of this distance to as little
as 50 feet. On the small lots, as indicated in item one
above, it is physically impossible to obtain a 100 foot
separation. Consequently, if we did not rsllow the reduction
in separation distances the lots would have to be declared
non-buildable, to the distress of many property owners. the
only potable water source is a fresh water lens which lies
approximately 10 to 25 feet below the surface of the ground.
1 There is frequent salt water intrusion into this lens under
natural circumstances. This fresh water leas is recharged
exclusively via rainfall. In order to reach the fresh water
aquifer the rainwater has to filter through the same soils

. fMay 31, 1990
that also have to filter our septic system wastewater.
Waste effluents eater the soil arid move into the grouird- '
water system as easily as rainfall. I am riot a liydrologist
but I expect that the high porosity of our soils allows
all infiltration to infiltrate too quickly. In other words,
I cannot be sure that the existing soils properly purify
septic effluent before it gets to the fresh water lens.
Increasing the number of septic systems, as well as all
other pollutants created by human habitation, tends to
increase the risk of pollution. The fresh water leas is
highly variable, dependant entirely on adequate rainfall
to recharge it arid heavily influenced by user demand
(discharge) placed upon it. It also is influenced frecp_jetrtly
by ocean or sound overwash.
Our recent conversation generated a review of some old studies. There
was a groundwater resources study done by the United States Geological
Unit of the Department of the Interior in 1975. It depicts the ground-
water resources for the entire Outer Batiks from Whalebone Junction to
Hatteras Inlet. I believe that this study is still very accurate. It
substantuates the fact that in the Rodanthe, Waves, Salvo area there is
very little in the way of groundwater resources that could be considered
potable.,•There was a study on water supply and treatment entitled,
"Alternatives for Villages of Rodarthe, Waves, Salvo", which was done in
April 1982. It studied five alternatives for provision of water to this
area and concluded that the most feasible method was connecting Rodanthe,
Waves and Salvo to the Cape fiatteras Water Association Distribution System
at Avon. Reverse Osmosis was a consideration, however it was ruled out at
that time due primarily to the cost, particularly the operation arid maintenance
cost. This study was a fairly superficial study arid is much outdated now.
I am not even certain who autfrored it. Even so, there are a few tidbits of
information in it that would still be applicable today. I also have a copy
of the final Environmental Impact Statement done for the Avon Water Project
in order to corrrrect to the Cape fiatteras Water Association System. It was
done by the Farmers ffome Administration to discuss the environmental impact
of tying-in Avon to the Cape fiatteras Water Association water supply system.
It was performed in 1977 arid it too is obviously outdated now. Nonetheless,
it still is interesting reading arid much of what is contained in this study
might still be applicable today, particularly in regard to ecological arid
environmental concerns. The Dare County Carrying Capacity Study done in
1985 addresses a great number of issues for all of Dare County, but in
particular it addresses these issues by geographic district, one of which
1 is the Rodanthe, Waves and Salvo area. I thought this was a very well
done study but I am afraid that few people bother to read it anymore arid
that much of what is contained therein goes largely unheeded.
I have not been privy to any of the subsequent studies pertainvr _ x cifirall
y
to the Reverse Osmosis proposal for this area other than a general

May 31, 1990
fawareness gleaned through newspaper accounts and informal discussions
with various county officials. It is therefore risky for me to make
assumptions based on a limited knowledge of what is contained in these
studies. I believe, however, that there is riot much argument in terms
of the need for arid the desirability of a reliable source of potable
water for this area. 1 also suspect that Bob Slade and the current
County Commissioners have a legitimate concern about the ecorrornie viability
and feasibility of a reverse osmosis plant for this area. I have absolutely
.no quarrel with Mr. Slade's recommendation to update the existing studies
involving this project. I would be very pleased to contribute to arid be
a part of these studies in any way that I can. I am afraid that if we
don't do something fairly quickly about the water supply system that the
Health Department may be put in a position of having to cease issuing
septic system permits. As you know, I do not have the inhouse expertise
to conduct a full blown study but our local intuitive knowledge about
this area leads me to believe that the quality of water currently being
consumed is exceedingly poor. It comes through the faucets looking like
iced tea, smells like rotten eggs, and tastes like medicine. We know for
a fact that it is easily infiltrated by salt water and although I cannot ,r
prove it, there may be reason to suspect eventual, if riot present, con-
tamination by septic effluent. Even though our permits precisely indicate
where the wellpoints are located relative to the septic systems at the
time of-final inspections, I cannot. verify that they remain in that location
after the inspector has departed. Also, we do trot inspect the quality or
quantity of water produced by these wellpoints. If the county were to
institute a formal testing program arid if those samples proved-to be con-
taminated to any degree, I might have no choice but to cease issuing permits.
If development is to continue in this area, it is absolutely essential that
a potable water supply be developed. Whereas it may not resolve every public
health problem or evert other problems such as increased demand for municipal
services, it would at least remove one variable in that we would riot have to
be concerned about contamination of wells. The overall issue of how much
development should be allowed arid what type development should be allowed
are more appropriately issues for the Planning Board arid the County Camrissioners
to resolve. At the present time, due largely to the lack of zoning for this
area, the burden of whether or riot a piece of property is developable and what
type of use might be applied to that property falls squarely on the smoulders
of the health Department. If we can authorize a septic permit then there
generally is no problem obtaining a building permit. Whether or not we should
continue to be relatively lenient in issuing permits or whether or riot we
should be coming; more retitrlctive is a legitimate concern. Lastly, as a counter-
point, I would hope that you and the other commissioners would realize that
whereas provision of a reliable potable water source by a reverse osmosis
treatment plant or any other means would solve one problem, in a broader pro
spective it may create even greater problems by creating more intense pressure
to develop the land without regard to lack of an effective methodology of
wastewater disposal or increased risk of pollution of our Pst_aurine via septic
seepage and surface water runoff, and by generation of greater demand for all
other county services.

1. 473-1817
II.fOTFN : 'l;,c L•xc+?.Plar.

?? crntF oi• ...,, Rgal f:sf ?!p
CIE
1 5 0, 011
APPROVED
9ARE CUUNTY TAX
COLLECTOR
'twl?. _ ?? vita • Fitn
:.1 yra
f5lo 841
DARE COUNTY MANAGER
noox 490 ;AGf 3115
FILED
,uu DEC Z9 PI9 1 113
PO ill.; P.. FRY
PTG1=T{•11 (T R EDS
D.',Rc- couttfY, U.C.
PAGE 02
i
??? Exclsa Tae y `t"jp , 00 ? nerorah,t Tlrnt. 1Sosk o,+d t•.PC !
I,i%!Ir;+' Ili?d1,(:::fA7!t _
• 1 :.....:........... Parcel IdentlUer No. , ,. .............. . ..... . ,,,,.,,,
•
kr
YtriS-_ i hyt??)L1P!'I'X... {l { ...... .........:.:. odgty on the day at . .. ...... 19
T t'
IS° ................. .......... ...... ... ....??E?,ii, .....
1O+ tai
Mt-q after retarding to I„!ight, N,•. Whe.(,eso...At.toi;ney•at, Law, P. ,0.. •Bqx 500., Hanteo, •NC 27954
....................... . .............. .... .......................... .............
' AIC ;nmt-r;arit was prepared by .. ,Dwight N. Wheless
: :?4.-eelptlon fur the Index FRodanthe property
NORTH CAROLINA GENERAL WARRANTY DM ID
ri,..u5 t7,P,;F. D made thin ••.2.2od.• , day of • December ,••••• • •• 19 86 , by Mild between
GRANTOR 1 (rRANI'EE
ASDR?.,61 A. HIDGETT and wife, ROM S, H1DGRTTI
JOHN DAVID HIDGSTT and wife, JUDY MIDCSTTI
BET VC JG lt1DGETT'BAILEY and husband, D. W.
BtALEY,, 1111 and ROBERT Q. YEAGER, widower
rl,c act rcmarrled
COUNTY OF DARE
a body politic and corporation

1

P. O. Box IDUO
Menteo, NC 27954
F. :'r ;n wpprapr -4 biock for each party: name, address, and, It approprlatc, eh•raefrr of tally, e•e• co.porstion or p•,tser.htp
57:e idticnntlon Cjrantor and Grantee as used herein shall Include said partleP, their heirs, aaccessora, and nssigna, and
)nclurf stogular, plural, masculine, feminine or neuter as required by Context.
it".x;J $1„°•ril, th*4 the Grantor, for a valuable rnnsidernll,ln phid by the t;rnnh,•. the recelpt of -111x11 I. hrrelrr
:in s:.;,o?4l8dgrd, has and by these presents does grant, baraobt, Pelt And convey unto the Grnnlee In fee almple, all that
_.:: !vt ar parcel of land situated in th"kjLxAx Village of Rgdonthe Kionakeet '1'n ,',,.Hip,
". County. North Carolina and more particulnrly described us Follona:
bt..r=iNING at a concrete monument lying in and on the test margta of the right of way of
;<, C- highway #12, sometimes known as the Hatteras litghway, Paid point of beginning
baii:y further ideniiifled as hawing the coordinates on the North Carolina Grid Rydtem oft
r••1049303.95z Ya689968.301 said point of beginning also lying and being; North 54 deg. 38
.r.:.il. 58 sec. West 2,354.58 feet from a concrete monument marked "Corley 1985", aAtd M0110menr
h vir.g the coordinates on the North Carolina Grid System oft x=3051729.41; Y*688605.991
14id point of beginning also lying and being in th4 Northwest coiner of the lands now Or
tv-m; rly owned by Wilma Hidgett lying on the East aide of said hilthwayt proceeding thence
tion the point -of beginning along the East margin of the aforesaid highway North 7 dcq.
5=ce,?E. 16 sec. East 144.48 feet to an existing iron shaft:, thence along the lands now or
f; ^:arly owned by Alma Midgett and others North 89 deg. 51 min. 38 sec. East 1,609.63 feet
e ifirrete monument lying on the line of the Cape Hatteras National Seashore at a point
s-.l: line which lies South 9 deg. 12 min- 18 sec. East 93-96 Meet from another concrete
„ n:er?.t which other concrete monument itself lies South 9 dep.- 12 min. LR sec. East 100.38
fer' From a National Park Service monument marked "WP 6"; thence from the terminal point
o; ;:he- lands of the United States of America South 9 deg. 12 min. 18 sec, East 78.70
Cu r concrete monument lying in the Northeast corner of the lands now or formerly oi.'n°d
11mm Midgett, ther^ce along the North Line of Hidgett South 87 deg. 34 min. 55 MCC. Went
.;,55 feet to the point or place of beginning.
VERIFIED
£. •r3.:.tr.:ra.m vI,T 1N 7,.C. r.. w„.I.,»w . tail }? roOli MI,I,-0 CO.-V - O U. ".t. AM h04, NC ne,.
.04

u

473-1817 DARE COUNTY MANAGER
c+tc the ;nap or plat entitled "Survey for County of Dart" prepared by Southern Surveying
Lud Plontlina, said -plat dated 12-16-86.
+;,-tz 6 Parties of the first part being the sucoesfore of Joesph Midgett. see tile
si recorded ].n Will Sock 5 at page 65. Dare Vounty Registry. Set also the deed
esu:=>raad it* Used Boole P at page 275, Dare Registry. Robert 0. Yeager. grantor. being
`iu -.meatitlar to the intardst of Edna Midgatt Yeager who died intestate in 1984. See
vu.ih-Claim dneda from the Children of Edna M. Yeager.

::> ;, tr4: .;: Idpahare deaeribed was acquired by Grantor by instrument recorded in ..............
...
............. ................................................... .............. .................. .
0-44 syoai,:g flee above described properly is recorded in Plat Book .. ...... . page .. • -
•3 ` l'V7,, fi 1`:19 TO HOLD the aforesaid lot or parcel of land and all privilegez and appurlenaneee 1141`4140 belutleing to
PAGE 03
L':J
:11_4 Ilse (i rg.-? A • 4.)vanants with the Crant4e. that Grantor is seiiud of tlto 19renllste in foe simple, has the right to cohvey
f+1.4 simple, thai'thle is marketable and free and cleur of u11 dnenmbrances, and that Grantor will wiserdnt
a,6 21t1e eteittst the lawful c114014 Of all pefsWia who9ovuever vxt-epl fur the ekeairli"ud herriuafter rented.
d.;. e. Uis p uparty hereinabove deacribed is subject to the fulluwiuit 4:xctpliuael
a&atnrnts as stay appear of retard in the Dare Cotincq Registry.
z:a e. f
M1-" N>1 i. Nhi94P-or, tat 080x147 all a..R.W. a.t Ills b.•a act -A. •r a wre•rals, a.. --a lhl. 1-4t4N4thl to Ile fl -ta #.h#
:.ace e'.u>v. is 4i&iy autharLLed ettkerl \04 n4 1\6 to Il. atewal4 una.¦ q ¦•th¦rnr •1 it. e•u¦ •t b"ttlal. 0.e e\y Bas Yt\I ant
.:- A...............
,•,';";." ?Wf 4P\l. Ma.x4) -- ? ??Artd rQY A•- tag QtE
__._.. ,, : ................
....................... f '•C srxd ..........14
?. •.•• n1` 1 1`r .. . ..............
txt 1
_. •? Q ?. 6 1 A-14 A?ti?ge[C ? ................. ..KAL)
k
.. V_4
1/} ??r
! /?
S7 -•?? d 1l{? t'.C ..i?tl? .irf;,,.. ........................ twW
t
AL9
- - -
r tenryr\t4Nanlei a ? bl 1 8j0,itt`•E&Y y• - ---J)?
„ .
.................:.-------
JSKAIJ
r 1`c-.?•-:--
l .
L+ .1`t'
4 .....-.trCAl)
ll,•
3 ft, • -
,..-._:. .:.......,..........-----•--^-.----••-------•-•--° la R bare 0 o. Yeae
t
• ?? a, i; al. ?

11
P-1

1

A 09, 12 473-1017 DARE COUNTY MANAGER
wDx 490 -ac; ?W
a/tL,?BT?Id P'? '•. xantet CAR VLINA. -------- eA
• %
•Sfc?? •.. R a N•uty riAlk of the e... V ..a State •fortsdld..aUly that .A7•IDREN-A.-,• UDAEXT-_pnd.ltifa,..
• NQItHA_9t-MxDCE.T ...................... ......... W.A.tor
as
d. r ``/•.. ..
r•1 i?Y G.. O e.r.eeally ap•aar.d befog. we Able flay aed a.bn•warda.d th flan 0/ the le.ra•Inr thtlydfne.l Wltne.. m7
T ' d ?•
' - ?'?'•+. ,•? .•? ? .. •. ? hand and eftltlbt ataaf •r betl this •f __--. Y..Y.-. _.......}?
Sir L?,•"
•II?'••q.. 'e'`.`=., . •1•l r r•mwb.r•n a¦yvr.. ruvrlt
.,...,.a'' • . .
• ?...,., ur,lrrr? •
rr.
tl?A},•?tMA •. •. xtlfaYU ewaouxw..___ „ ?Ev........ e•enty
%
??: :' •i1 ). ?'lftitsr7 Public •1 the County bad Slate afortsald, testily that ......................... _____________._-
'i:[ :s 3:•>y¢;?J011l7 DAVID M):DCETT 8nd vlfe JUDY MI
... ........ ... l ..........P.riAT7C......_........__................. r.•.aleC
'IleeGOSially appealed berate [fie told oily ¦ad aettnaMledj rd the e,tebtiM at the foetjttn Inalrum•nt. wit.... Any
7]? QCr
he,ldbtad •tekldl stahl E }
;'{; •? Yet ¦••t, that C. .. day 01 . S H.
_5 A.
?f? _ /?? .9A?r? I,-rtot¦r7 ru6ue
} L:,..I,n,f•?}?'' :?qt;,t Mr eomwysu4 eltpleer: ...........
• e?eas?am - - - "b "' 111 -
St' at Mserr[f'tah;k%:1,-,,:,-•
AROt.[xw . ......... if /??l _lfx?.Y^..
{I?[1:r U'?':. t:<'4e.poara e CoYnte.
,. a Notary Mile of fat C•Ynty Gild duct Giamatti, tmily 11,64 .
`,:`lf}???y'; BETTY'^JO KIDGETT BAILEY & huebend, D. W. BAILEY. III oranlor,
c• •a se • a ......... .. .............. .................. ----- --
i ,•'BI-1% (.r? ,a ; Z patsonaltr appeased betoce hl. this day and asba•rtltdj.d the r.erell.n of the totat•Ihj INGUYthenA, Nllarn w7
?..U LL Try
hand and •fllNat nah.P or a.aday of ----..f.• ;???7
C ...-......, ,`?i:: •1; `.. alt com-Isslon expires
:.. /r _.. - , ?•xourr r.mlr
?.. p
"44"" aZ?rybff7r/6 , Noarn cwwoa,rnA........ L.. ?v ...,,-_County,
:'.`E, {?•=•?. ..?tS y,a N•farr pulse of she t•YhIY bad Viet. afotaald..troy that ...........................................
?j1FA{?lr AUDERT 0. YEAGER (widower and not remarried)
:.? . ^.., ._...-'------' ...................................................................................... f:r¦nlar,
re1t04ally appeased beta. ma this day ..it acbndwItlA$,d the .a.c•tt.. oI the Iooteethe taat.olatut. Idltn.u my
rte, (•`''?'• .:..- ° '. D,.
' •.. •- -... .' ?awt and otiltµl 7{amD •r fl?Iht??. db7 OA ....
.....
.
••, ?. :' ....'-'. ur tomml•Sbn exrlte•:.?./ __. f - /.L,. rtvueY rrbq.
deAliH x,T. tiro 1( ay `.:' NUltT2t CnhOLtx ............................
county.
t..'. .': .:. .
xa/arr rurut at the 6euntr and Sure 1e•.e7ale, c.rary that
' personally came before we this day and aeknowfede•0 that .... he Ic -•-•, .......... haerrlary of
>. .... a .4aah 4:-lbaa torp•f Allan. Grid that by ;Ytb•rer dilly
------------ .....................",,....,,........
9
• j1Yea and of the Gct at the re.tO.Aelen. the taflt•Ihj (nalr Yf•••nt aaa SlealQ In tIS nosily hr It . ...............
O
Prwldent, ..clad with It...ryarale Nat and ¦tleal.d 67 •--.. ...... ,. 11. ....... ................... Srerrf 0.ty.
WItn N. my han4 and affitrat Stamp or .eat. Chip ,,,.,. day of ,,........................ It
PIT .animism.. enrlr..e ............................... ...:.,........ Notary 1•0411e
5KAL-f:AfAr NORTIS CARULJ74A ................................... C•dnly.
1, . Nel.rr rubllc of the C...ly ¦nd State afaeaatd, eeetll7 that .............. .....•..................••-•.
a personally eame before me this day end atbnow1409e41 shat .___ he Is .,,..,.. _.._ Cre.tiny of
Jt _ a Naatl r6.911n6 toeroratlon, and (fiat by aulhdrlty 4101Y
tl altrn and a the act of the coehareelon. the for•jolnj InOtM,nent as. SI[nrd In Its namr h7 If. ..
rr.adtnt, ..,led with It. -p-t. seat and dlttated ?y .. S I1. . /:•C.M,. y.
Wen... m7 band abd efflelal SWAP at real. (hit ------ day as .......................... 110 ......
Ply eemmlaelan aahlre.: ............:, ................. n.ear7 rablle
Of lettlainj CCAMCatete)•91 .__...K:?D!]!'_th_?t. pSltfl3P!_B,^NaLaraf_ ?'Ab1.tx..tJt?^ CdCLef et.?D4nLY..-N.(' .....................
' . .
`...,..--- ------------------------•----- ._^._.....---._........_--.............,,......, ........................ ...............
Vara c."`Ir,.d t6 bx tnece:i. This Instrument and this certificate do da27 ndat,ttd bl the date bad lime and In the book bad leap thew. nn the
. r•?paja Ltle•:i.
DORMS A. Y
.__.._._.,..._ .......................,R[G[ST6R Or attenr ran .... ........ DaCr................ COVxTT
---,:f ;..tL•?.?-'LXf'sr_?__.. ..... sill........... tr+¦+.q/w.aacanantatatr of
v.. a.,
, g.. AAgo•'. 7•:b: Ha. 7A O It:t

I

PAGE 04
old
by
at
IV,
NN

BEGINNING at a 1" new iron pipe set on the south side of
a 20.00 foot wide right of way, said iron pipe being on the
north line of a parcel of land now or formerly owned by
Georgia M. Eason, a deed of which is recorded in Deed Book
124 at Page 635 in the Dare County Registry, and being 92.50
feet from the northeast corner of said parcel, said iron pipe
also being South 52 degrees 52 minutes 26 seconds East 307.47
feet from USUGS Monument Rodan and said iron pipe having the
NAD/27 coordinates of North 690,193.98' and East 3,050,099.07
thence, with a part of the north line of said parcel,
i 1. North 89 degrees 51 minutes 38 seconds East 92.50
feet to the northwest corner of a parcel of land now
I or formerly owned by Walter L. Gregory ( Deed Book
561 Page 384 ); thence, with his west line,
2. South 00 degrees 08 minutes 22 seconds East 82.50
feet to a point on the north line of a parcel of land
now or formerly owned by the County of Dare ( Deed
Book 490 Page 305 ); thence, with a part of their
north line,
3. South 89 degrees 51 minutes 38 seconds West 92.50
1 feet to a 1" new iron pipe; thence, by a new line of
division through the land of the grantors herein,
' 4. North 00 degrees 08 minutes 22 seconds West 82.50
feet to the point of beginning and containing 7,631
square feet of land by computer.
Being a part of Deed Book 124 at Page 635 as surveyed
for the County of Dare in the NAD/27 Datum by James L.
Dunlop, RLS # L-1346.
WITNESS my hand and seal this 10th day of January, 1994.

,, o.11111tt11r),
,
acN CARo/
.......
L. DUN,
1,tut1•v

Beginning at a 1" new iron pipe set on the south line of
a parcel of land now or formerly owned by the County of Dare,
a deed o f which is recorded in Deed Book 490 at Page 305 in
the Dare County Registry, said iron pipe being North 87
degrees 34 minutes 55 seconds East 362.50 feet from an
existing concrete monument found on the east right of way
line of NC Highway 12 at the southwest corner of said county
parcel; thence, with a part of said county line,
1. North 87 degrees 34 minutes 55 seconds East 78.85
feet to a 1" new iron pipe set on said line; thence,
by the new easement lines through a part of the lands
of the grantors herein,
1 2. South 02 degrees 25 minutes 05 seconds East 10.00
feet to a 1" new iron pipe set; thence,
1

3. South 87 degrees 34 minutes 55 seconds West 78.85
feet to a 11' new iron pipe; thence,
4. North 02 degrees 25 minutes 05 seconds West 10.00
feet to the point of beginning and containing 788.5
square feet of land by computer.
Being a water quality protection easement over that
parcel of land now or formerly owned by Wilma M. Midgett
( Deed Book 353 Page 554 ), as surveyed for the County of
Dare in the NAD/27 Datum by James L. Dunlop, RLS # L-1346.
WITNESS my hand and seal this 10th day of January, 1994.

Illplfplli?

?'•.:0 SURy??`... 'R
14,

DARE COUNTY RO PLANT 919 441 2239 P.04
BEGINNING at a 1" new iron pipe set on the south side of
a 20.00 foot wide right of way, said iron pipe being on the
north line of a parcel of land now or formerly owned by
Walter L. Gregory, a deed of which is recorded in Deed Book
561 at Page 384 in the Dare County Registry, said iron pipe
being 109.74 feet from the northwest corner of said parcel
and also being South 13 degrees 03 minutes 12 seconds West
190.00 feet from USC&GS Monument Rodan, said iron pipe also
having the NAD/27 Coordinates of North 690,194.47' and East
3,050,301.30'; thence, by a new line of division through the
' land of the grantors herein,
1. South 00 degrees 08 minutes 22 seconds East 82.50
feet to a 1" new iron pipe set on the north line of a
parcel of land now or formerly owned by the County of
Dare ( Deed Book 490 Page 305 ); thence, with a part
of their north line,
2. South 89 degrees 51 minutes 38 seconds West 109.74
feet to the southeast corner of a parcel of land now
or formerly owned by Georgia M. Eason ( Deed Book 124
' Page 635 ); thence, with her east line,
3. North 00 degrees 08 minutes 22 seconds West 82.50
feet to a point on the south side of the
aforementioned right of way; thence, with said right
of way,
i 4. North 89 degrees 51 minutes 38 seconds East 109.74
feet to the point of beginning and containing 9,053
square feet of land by computer.
Being a part of Deed Book 561 at Page 384 as surveyed
for the County of Dare in the NAD/27 Datum by James L.
Dunlop, RLS # L-1346.
WITNESS my hand and seal this 10th day of January, 1994.
k? CAROZ f
?,••??G?Sr?RFO 9
y ? f
w

C

APPENDIX I
r-.
BLACK & VEATCH f 8 pages,
110 West Walker Avenue, Asheboro, North Carolina 27204-0728, [phone], Fax: [phone]
Dare County
Water Improvements
Rodanthe, Waves, Salvo
B&V Project 24420.910
November.17, 1993

Mr. Terry Wheeler, Manager
Dare County
P.O. Drawer 1000
Manteo, North Carolina 27954
Dear Terry:
Enclosed are four copies of NPDES permit application for reject water
' discharge from the RO Plant at Rodanthe. Would you sign all copies and
forward three copies to Ms. Sullins at DEM, along with check for
application fee of $400.00. Keep the fourth copy for your files. We
have prepared a draft transmittal letter to Ms. Sullins for your use.
Should you have any questions, please give me a call.
Very truly yours,
BLACK & VEATCH
"Josep ...E_. 'Hardee
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Enclosures

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Ms. Coleen Sullins
Division of Environmental Management
NC Department of Environment
. Health & Natural Resources
P.O. Box 29535
Raleigh, North Carolina 27626-0535
Dear Ms. Sullins:
We are enclosing three copies of NPDES permit application along with an
application fee of $400.00, for discharge of reject water from a
proposed Reverse Osmosis Water Treatment Plant, to serve the Dare County
villages of Rodanthe, Waves, and Salvo. Attached to the application is
a brief description of the raw water supply and the potential TDS of the
reject water, along with a complete analysis of the raw water. Also
attached is a map showing the location of Blackmar Gut, the proposed
discharge location.
Should ou have questions, please contact Joe Hardee with Black & Veatch
at (910 672-3610 or [phone].
Very truly yours,

jph
cc:

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Terry Wheeler, Manager
Dare County
Joe Hardee, Black & Veatch
11
_ NORTH CAROLINA DEPT. NATURAL RESOURCES AND COMMUN' ' DEVELOPMENT.
`. DIVISION OF ENVIRONKLaTAL MANAGEMENT, P.O. BOX 27687, RALEIGH, NC 27611'

NATIONAL POLLUTANT DISCHARGE ELIMINATION SYSTEM
APPLICATION FOR PERMIT TO DISCHARGE - SHORT FORM C
To be filed only by persons engaged in manufacturing and mining
APPLICATION NUMBER
FOR I 7F
AGENCY
USE DATE RECEIVED
YEAR M0. DAY
Do not attempt to Complete. this form before reading accompanying instructions
Please print or type "
1. Name, address, location, and telephone number.of facility producing discharge
A. Name Dare County
B. Nailing address
1. Street address P.O. Drawer 1000
2. City Manteo 3. State North Carolina
4. County Dare 5. ZIP 27954
C. Location:
4. State North Carolina
D. Telephone No. 919 473-1101 Ext. 288
Area
Code
1. Street Blackmar Gut
2. Ci ty Rodanthe 3 CountY Dare
2. SIC
(Leave blank)
3. Number of employees- 3
' If all your waste is discharged into a publicly owned waste treatment facility
and to the best of your knowledge you are not required to obtain a discharge
permit, proceed to item 4. Otherwise proceed directly to item S.
' 4. If you meet the condition stated above, check here o and supply the information
asked for below.. After completing these items, please complete the date, title,
and signature blocks below and return this form to the proper reviewing office
without completing the remainder of the form.
A. Name of organization responsible for receiving waste
8. Facility receiving waste:

1

1. Name
2.. Street address
3. City 4. County
5. State 6. ZIP
?S. 6 Principal product, O raw material (Check one)
?. Principal process Reverse Osmosis Water Treatment
7. Maxim amount of principal product produced or raw material consumed per (Check one)
Amount
Basis 1-99 100-199 200-499 500-999 1000- 5000- ~10,000- $0,000
4999 9999 49.999 or more
(1) (2) (3) •(4)' (5) (6) (7) (B)
A. Day
X
B. Month
C. Year
PREVIOUS EDITION MAY DE USED UNTIL SUPPLY 05 EXHAUSTED

F1
it., knxin.nn ettmorst of prlnt.tltaI lot' `••u 1. prrtriutt•tl or row tnntt•r inl ttwr.uu..1. r t ird
lit lieu, 41110ve, Is 1wasured WieO. one):
A.O pounds S. r, tons C-o barrels D.a bushels E. c3 square feet
F.U gallons G.o pieces or units H. c3 other. ;specify
9, (a) Check here if discharge occurs all year IN, or
(b) Check the month(s) discharge occurs:
1.0 January 2.t] February 3.0 Marcn 4.0 Apri 1 5.0 May 6.o June
7.0 July 8.0 August 9.0 Septemher 10.0 October 11.0 November 12. December
(c) Check hoe many days per week: 1.01 2.0 2=3 3.0.4-5 4.56-7
10. Types of waste water discharged to surface waters only (check as applicable)
F low.,gallons per operating day

Discharge per
operating day 0.1-999 1000-4999 5000-9999 10,000-
• 49,999
(1) (2) (3) (4)

A. Sanitary, daily
average
B. Cooling water. etc.
daily average
'
C. Process water.
daily average
D. Maxirtum per operat-
ing day for total
dischar a (all types)
Volume treated before
discharging (percent)
50,000- None 0.1- 30- 65= 95-
or more 29-9 64.9 94,9 100
(5) (6) (7) (B) (9) (10) .
X. I X
X
11, If and of Nip three types of waste identified in item 10•either treated or untreated.
are discharged to peaces other than surface water,,, c:teck below as applicable.
I Average flaw, gallons per operating day

Waste water is
discharged .to:
0.1-999
(1)
1000-4999
(2)
$000-9999
(3)
10.000-49,999
(4)
50,000 or more
(5)
A. Municipal setrer system
B. Underground well
C. Septic tank
D. Evaporation laoarin or pond
E. Other. specify
12. Number of separate discharge points: AJ61 6.02-3 C.o4-5 D.O6 or more
13. Name of receiving water or waters Pamlico Sound @ Blackmar Gut
14. Does your discharge contain or is it possible for your discharge to contain
one or more of the following substances -added as a result of your operations,
activities, or processes: ammonia, cyanide. aluminum, beryllium. cadmium.
chromium,_.copper....lead.-..mercury, .nickel,. selenium zinc.-phenols.-oil -and -- - - -
_ grease. and chlorine (residual). A.0 yes 6.1 no
I certify that l am familiar with the information contained in the application and
' that to the best of my knowledge and belief such information is true, complete, and
accurate.
Terry Wheeler County Manager
Printed Name of Person Signing Title
Date Application Signed Signature of Applicant
IJDXth Carolina General Statute 143-215.6(b)(2) provides that: Any person iho•knowingly makes
false statement representation, or certification in any application, record, report, plan,
other document files or required to be maintained under Article 21 or regulations of the
Environmental Management Commission implementing that Article, or who falsifies, tampers with,
knowly renders inaccurate any recording or monitoring device or method required to be
rated or maintained under Article 21 or regulations of the Environmental Management Commissi
implementing that Article, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor punishable by a fine not to exceed
,000, or by imprisonment not to exceed six months, or by both. *(18 U.S.C. Section 1001 provi
a unishment by a fine of not more than $10,000 or imprisonment not more than 5 years, or both
for a similar offense.)

TABLE 4-7
YORKTOWN AQUIFER BLENDED LKTER ANALYSIS
DAY OF SAMPLE

2 7
BOD5 (mg/1) (0.2 0.3
Alkalinity, as CaCO3 (mg/1) 597 601
Chloride (mg/1) 435 435
Color (PCU) 30 30
Conductivity @ 25 C (umhos/cm 2) 2,200 2,350
Fluoride (mg/1) 1.96 1.95
Total Hardness (mg/1) 98 100
Nitrate-Nitrogen (mg/1) 0.059 0.025
Nitrite-Nitrogen (mg/1) (0.002 (0.002
pH (units) 7.8 7.9
Total.Phosphorus (mg/1) 0.086 0.05
Total Solids (mg/1) 1,480 1,470
Total Volatile Solids (mg/1) 271 221
Total Suspended Solids (mg/1) 4 7
Total Dissolved Solids (mg/1) 1,460 1,467
Settleable Solids (mg/1) (0.1 (0.1
Sulfate (mg/1) (2 44
Turbidity (NTU) 0.3 3.0
TOC (mg/1)
115
117
Free Chlorine (mg/1) <0.1 <0.1
Silica (mg/1) 6.1 27
Strontium (mg/1) 0.75 0.72
Silver (mg/1) (0.01 (0.01
Aluminum (mg/1) (0.2 (0.2
Arsenic (mg/1) (0.002 (0.002
Barium (mg/1) (0.1 <0.11
Calcium (mg/1) 9.48 9.40
Cadmium (mg/1) (0.005 <0.005
Total chromium (mg/1) (0.02 (0.02
Hexavalent chromium (mg/1) (0.02 (0.02
Copper (mg/1)
(0.02
(0.02
Iron (mg/1) 0.052 0.048
Mercury (mg/1) (0.0005 (0.0005
Potassium (mg/1) 38.5 35.8
Magnesium (mg/1) 20.6 19.9
Manganese (mg/1) (0.01 (0.01

Sodium (mg/1)
588 527
Lead (mg/1) (0.05 (0.09
Selenium (mg/1) 0.0023 0.0025
Zinc (mg/1) 0.024 0.026
SDI (units) 0.8 0.6
Temperature (deg r) 70 70

DARE COUNTY REVERSE OSMOSIS
' WATER TREATMENT PLANT
TO SERVE
RODANTHE, WAVES, SALVO
' The water supply will be brackish well water drawn from the Yorktown
aquifer at a depth of 300-450 feet with ultimately anticipated TDS of
2,500 ppm. The analysis of water from test well after 2 and 7 days of
' continuous pumping is attached for your information. With an eventual
TDS of 2,500 ppm and 75% recovery, the reject water will have a TDS of
approximately 10,000 ppm. The current RO Plant at Kill Devil Hills has
a reject water TDS of 11,690 ppm (9-19-93). Initially the recovery
would result in a TDS of reject water of approximately 7,500 ppm.

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BLACK & VEATCH
110 West Walker Avenue, Asheboro, North Carolina 27204-0728, [phone], Fax: [phone]
Dare County
Blackmar Gut RO Water Treatment
NPDES Permit Application
NPDES Permit No. N00083909
NC Department of Environment,
Health and Natural Resources
Division of Environmental Management
P.O. Box 29535
Raleigh, North Carolina 27626-0535
Attention: Mr. Randy Kepler
Gentlemen:
BU Project 24420
BU File F
January 3, 1993
This is in response to your correspondence of December 9, 1993 to
Terry Wheeler, Dare County Manager, regarding NPDES Permit No.
N00083909. In this correspondence other information, consisting of an
Alternative Analysis Report, was requested.
The Alternative Analysis consists of the evaluation of three non-
discharge alternatives for waste water. These are: (1) Connection to an
existing sewerage system; (2) Subsurface disposal system; (3) Spray
irrigation system. The reject water from membrane treatment of brackish
water consists of the same constituents as in the raw ground water. The
only difference is they are concentrated about four times since the
recovery of demineralized water is 75% of the raw water. In the case
of discharge to Blackmar Gut, the water being discharged will have a
total dissolved solids content of approximately 7-8,000 ppm. The TDS of
raw water is currently 1,500 ppm, and the plant design is based upon the
TDS increasing over time to 8,000 ppm.
Response to the three non-discharge alternatives is as follows:
(1) Connection To An Existing Sewerage System - There are no
existing systems in the three villages that can accommodate
this reject water, and if so, a normal biological plant would
not reduce the TDS -.only dilute it.
(2) Subsurface Disposal System - This would necessarily consist
of the water going back into either the surficial aquifer or
a deeper aquifer that has a TDS equal to or greater than
8,000 ppm. Currently the Ground Water Division of DEHNR does
V

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APPENDIX L
RIPARIAN OWNERS NEAR PLANT SITE AND STREAM CROSSINGS
Warner M. Minor
c/o Nina M. Kansayer
1200 Hibiscus, Apartment 1102
Pompano Beach, FL 33062
Wilma M. Midgett
4307 Fleet Landing Road
Atlantic Beach, FL 32233
Chicamacomico Historical Association
Rodanthe, NC 27968
Rodanthe-Salvo-Waves
Community Center District
Rodanthe, NC 27968
Myra Peters & Thomas Peters
Box 98
Rodanthe, NC 27968
Palmer S. Midgett, Jr.
Box 4771
McDade, TX 78650
Jazania O'Neal & Wilbert A. O'Neal
Box 38
Rodanthe, NC 27968
Ellen Susan Peel
1739 Lexington Avenue
San Mateo, CA 94402
George & Ritoa Mer os
P.O. Box 122
Rodanthe, NC 27968
Dare County/ 24420.910
George Medos
P.O. Box 122
Rodanthe, NC 27968
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APPENDIX __M
January 3, 1994
Inside Address
Dear
Dare County is in the process of planning and constructing a potable water system
to serve residents in the Hatteras Island Villages of Rodanthe, Waves, and Salvo.
As a part of this process, a water line will be installed under an unnamed stream
which fronts or abuts your property. Certain permits require that you be notified
of this proposed construction activity.
Should you have any questions or concems (environmental or otherwise) regarding
this proposed installation, please respond to me in writing or call me at
[phone], Extension 308.
Thank you for your attention to this matter.
Sincerely,
Al Cole
Dare County Attorney

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