20001195 Ver 7_Individual_20081113

. A.
CLEARWATER ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS, INC.
November 11, 2008
Ms. Amanda Jones =y._..
US Army Corps of Engineers ??..._..
Asheville Regulatory Field Office
151 Patton Avenue, Room 208
Asheville, North Carolina 28801-2638
Ms. Cyndi Karoly
NC Division of Water Quality
1650 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, North Carolina 27699
RE: Charlotte-Douglas International Airport
Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks
Mecklenburg County, North Carolina
Ms. Jones and Ms. Karoly,

P
NOV 1 3 2008
DENR - WATER QUALITY
WETLANDS AND STORMWATER BRANCH
The attached Individual Permit application is being submitted on behalf of Mr. T.J. Orr of the
Charlotte-Douglas International Airport (the applicant). The applicant is seeking permit
authorization for impacts associated with development of three parking decks north of the
existing airport in Charlotte, Mecklenburg County, North Carolina.
Should you have any questions regarding the attached permit application and supplemental
information please do not hesitate to contact me at 828-698-9800. A copy of this package has
been sent to Mr. Bryan Tompkins of the US Fish and Wildlife Service for review. A copy of this
application has also been submitted to Mr. Alan Johnson of the NC Division of Water Quality,
Mooresville Regional Office.
Respectfully,
7?0t -ksn
Rebekah L. Newton
Project Biologist
R. Clement Ri dle,
Principal
Copy Furnished:
NC Division of Water Quality; Mooresville Regional Office - Alan Johnson
US Fish and Wildlife Service - Bryan Tompkins
718 Oakland Street
Hendersonville, North Carolina 28791
Phone: [phone] Fax: [phone]
www.cwenv.com
Individual Permit Application for
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
Section 404 Permit
North Carolina 401 Water Quality Certification
Charlotte-Douglas International Airport
Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks
November 2008 ° RVEW19
NOVA 3 2008
DENR. T
Applicant: WI.ANDS AND STOR"ATER BRANCH
Charlotte-Douglas International Airport
Attn: Mr. Ike Reeves
Post Office Box 19066
Charlotte, North Carolina, 28219
Prepared By:
C1earWater Environmental Consultants, Inc.
718 Oakland Street
Hendersonville, North Carolina, 28791
828-698-9800
Individual Permit Application for
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
Section 404 Permit
North Carolina 401 Water Quality Certification
Charlotte-Douglas International Airport
Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks
•
November 2008
Applicant:
Charlotte-Douglas International Airport
Attn: Mr. Ike Reeves
Post Office Box 19066
Charlotte, North Carolina, 28219
Prepared By:
Clearwater Environmental Consultants, Inc.
718 Oakland Street
Hendersonville, North Carolina, 28791
828-698-9800 u ???nMRE
NOV 1 3 2008
DENR - WATER QUALITY
WETLANDS AND STDRMWATER BRANCH
Corps Submittal Cover Sheet
• Please provide the following info:
1. Project Name: Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks
2. Name of Property Owner/Applicant: Charlotte-Douglas International Airport
3. Name of Consultant/Agent: C1earWater Environmental Consultants
*Agent authorization needs to be attached.
4. Related/previous Action ID numbers(s): 2006-32521-360
5. Site Address: Wilkinson Boulevard (US Highway 29/74)
6. Subdivision Name: n/a
7. City: Charlotte
8. County: Mecklenburg
9. Lat: 35.232355N Long: 80.938078W (Decimal Degrees Please)
10. Quadrangle Name: Charlotte West
11. Waterway: UT Coffey Creek
12. Watershed: Lower Catawba 03050103
13. Requested Action:
Nationwide Permit #
General Permit #
X Individual Permit
Jurisdictional Determination Request
Pre-Application Request
,•
The following information will be completed by the Corps office:
AID:
Prepare File Folder
Assign number in ORM
Begin Date
Authorization
Section 10 Section 404
Project Description/Nature of Activity/Project Purpose:
Site/Waters Name:
Keywords:
c:
C)o-it 015 v7
APPLICATION FOR DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY PERMIT OMB APPROVAL NO.0710-003
(33CFR 325) Expires October 1996
Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 5 hours per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing
4a sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or
other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Department of Defense, Washington Headquarters Service
ectorate of Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302; and to the Office of Management and
Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0710-0003), Washington, DC 20503. Please DO NOT RETURN your form to either of those addresses. Completed
applications must be submitted to the District Engineer having jurisdiction over the location of the proposed activity.
PRIVACY ACT STATEMENT
Authority: 33 USC 401, Section 10; 1413, Section 404. Principal Purpose: These laws require permits authorizing activities in, or affecting, navigable waters of the
United States, the discharge of dredged or fill material into waters of the Untied States, and the transportation of dredged material for the purpose of dumping it into
ocean waters. Routine Uses: Information provided on this form will be used in evaluating the application for a permit. Disclosure: Disclosure of requested information
is voluntary. If information is not provided, however, the permit application cannot be processed nor can a permit be issued.
One set of original drawings or good reproducible copies which show the location and character of the proposed activity must be attached to this application (see sample
drawings and instructions) and be submitted to the District Engineer having jurisdiction over the location of the proposed activity. An application that is not completed
in full will be returned.
(ITEMS 1 THRU 4 TO BE FILLED BY THE CORPS)
1. APPLICATION NO. 2. FIELD OFFICE CODE 3. DATE RECEIVED- 4.DATE APPLICATION RECEIVED
(ITEMS BELOW TO BE FILLED BY APPLICANT)
5. APPLICANT'S NAME 8. AUTHORIZED AGENT'S NAME & TITLE (an agent is not required)
Charlotte-Douglas International Airport CLEARWATER ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS, INC.
Attn: Mr. T. J. Orr, Aviation Director ATTN: R. Clement Riddle
6. APPLICANT'S ADDRESS 9. AGENT'S ADDRESS
Post Office Box 19066 718 Oakland Street
Charlotte, North Carolina 28219 Hendersonville, North Carolina 28792
7. APPLICANT'S PHONE NOS. W/AREA CODE 10. AGENT'S PHONE NOS. W/AREA CODE
a. Residence N/A a. Residence N/A 1? AL E-7
1J
b. Business (704) 3594840 b. Business [phone]
11. STATEMENT OF AUTHORIZATION
I hereby authorize, R. Clement Riddle and ClearWater Environmental Consultants, Inc., to act on my behalf as my agent in the processing of this application and to
furnish, upon request, su lementa information in support of this permit application.
I0 'Z8 96
APPLICANT'S SIGNATU ` DATE
E?
12. PROJECT NAME OR TITLE (see instructions)
Charlotte-Douglas International Airport
Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Deck
13. NAME OF WATERBODY, IF KNOWN (if applicable)
UT Coffey Creek 14. PROJECT STREET ADDRESS (if applicable)
Intersection of Wilkinson Boulevard and Harlee Avenue

15. LOCATION OF PROJECT
South of Wilkinson Boulevard (Highway 29/74), west of downtown Charlotte in
Mecklenburg County, North Carolina
16. OTHER LOCATION DESCRIPTIONS, IF KNOWN, (see "Directions to the Site" below)
The site is located west of downtown Charlotte in Mecklenburg County, North Carolina. In general, the site is bordered to the north by Wilkinson Boulevard, to the
south by the existing airport, to the east by Harlee Avenue, and to the west by Little Rock Road.
17. DIRECTIONS TO THE SITE
To access the site from Asheville, take I-240 to I-40 East. Merge onto US Highway 321 via Exit 123A. Merge onto I-85 North. Turn south onto Billy Graham Parkway
via Exit 33. Turn right onto Boyer Street. Turn left onto Wilkinson Boulevard; the site will be to the south of Wilkinson Boulevard (State Highway 29/74), southwest
of the intersection of Wilkinson Boulevard and Hadee Avenue.
D t z.;s ?..:wS ? U
NOV 1 3 zoos
DENR . WATER QUALITY
WEMMDS AND STORMWATER BRMCM
•
CLEARWATER ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS, INC.
Department of the Army
Wilmington District, Corps of Engineers
Attn: Ken Jolly, Chief Regulatory Division
PO Box 1890
Wilmington, North Carolina 28402-1890
-and-
NC Division of Water Quality
Attn: Cyndi Karoly
1650 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1650
I, the current landowner/managing partner of the property identified below, hereby
authorize Clearwater Environmental Consultants, Inc. (CEC) to act on my behalf as my
agent during the processing of permits to impact Wetlands and Waters of the US that are
regulated by the Clean Water Act and the Rivers and Harbors Act.
CEC is authorized to provide supplemental information needed for permit processing at
0 the request of the USACE or DWQ.
Property Owner of Record: n??6oxd'A At - ? y i A-ku? D D?
Property Owner Address: 600 Ea4 T?vurd Arect
C?A&tt& NC 2 S n
Phone number: I D4- 35q- 40DO
Property Location: 5T501 Tod,, 131cul " ? 6j%
Owner/Managing partner Signature: i
Date: .2 ;
•
718 Oakland Street
Hendersonville, North Carolina 28791
Phone: [phone] Fax: [phone]
www.cwenv.com
C ?
J
Ir,
18. Nature of Activity (Description of project, include all features)
The project will include the development of three parking decks; and all associate infrastructure and attendant features. See attached description.
19. Project Purpose (Describe the reason or purpose of the project, see instructions)
The purpose of the proposed project is to construct additional parking facilities for the Charlotte-Douglas International Airport. See attached description.
USE BLOCKS 20-22 IF DREDGED AND/OR FILL MATERIAL IS TO BE DISCHARGED
20. Reason(s) for Discharge
The proposed activities are necessary to provide a high ground parking facility. See attached description
21. Type(s) of Material Being Discharged and the Amount of Each Type in Cubic Yards
Material being discharged will be in the form of fill dirt and culverts. Only clean fill material, absent of debris, will be utilized on site. See attached
description.
22. Surface Area in Acres of Wetlands or Other Waters Filled (see instructions)
Approximately 2,359 linear feet of stream channel and approximately 3.035 acres of wetlands will be filled for parking deck construction. See attached
description.
23. Is Any Portion of the Work Already Completed? Yes ® No ? IF YES, DESCRIBE THE COMPLETED WORK
Partial impacts have occurred in the locations of Impacts 8 and 9. The NC Division of Water Quality issued a Notice of Violation for these impacts on
June 26, 2008.
24. Addresses of Adjoining Property Owners, Lessees, Etc., Whose Property Adjoins the Waterbody (If more than can be entered here, please attached
a supplemental list).
See attached list.
25. List of Other Certifications or Approvals/Denials Received from other Federal, State or Local Agencies for Work Described in This Application.
AGENCY TYPE APPROVAL* IDENTIFICATION # DATE APPLIED DATE APPROVED DATE DENIED
26. Application is hereby made for a permit or permits to authorize the work described in this application. I certify that the information in this
application is complete and accurate. I further certify that I possess the authority u dertak ork d scribed herein or am acting as the duly
authorized agent of the applicant.
?a • ?'c}? 1 r o?
SIGNATURE OF ?JICANT DATE SIGNATURE OF AGENT DATE
The application must be signed by the person who desires to undertake the proposed activity (applicant) or it may be signed by a duly authorized agent if
the statement in block I1 has been filled out and signed.
18 U.S.C. Section 1001 provides that: Whoever, in any manner within the jurisdiction of any department or agency of the United States knowingly and
willfully falsifies, conceals, or covers up any trick, scheme, or disguises a material fact or makes any false, fictitious or fraudulent statements or entry, shall
be fined not more than $10,000 or imprisoned not more than five years or both.
0
•

Richard & Lind Behr
PO Box 668272
Charlotte, NC 28266
PID# 11517205
Nisbet E.P. Company
1818 Baxter St
Charlotte, NC 28204
PID#06128207
Adjacent Land Owners
For
Charlotte Douglas International Airport
Parking Deck
Junior Patrick Westmoreland
3619 Marshall Ave
Charlotte, NC 28208
PID#11517208
Department of Transportation
PO Box 640
Albemarle, NC 28001
PID#11517209
Charles Gouch
5820 Wilkinson Blvd
Charlotte, NC 28208
PID#06128201
American Freightways Corp.
PO Box 723715
Atlanta, GA 31139
PID#06128202, 06128203
0
TABLE OF CONTENTS
•
1.0 INTRODUCTION TO PROJECT

1.1 ...................................................................................3
Project Location ............

1.2 ............................................................................................................................ 3
Jurisdictional Waters

2.0 .................................................................................................................................3
BACKGROUND AND PRIOR PROJECT HISTORY

3.0 .................................................4
EXISTING SITE CONDITIONS

3.1 .....................................................................................5
Natural Community Types ...........
.

3.2 .
........................................................................................................... 5
Soils ..

3.3 .........................................................................................................................................................7
Fish and Wildlife Use of the Project Site

3.4 .................................................................................................. 7
Threatened and Endangered Species

3.5 ......................................................................................................... 8
Cultural Resources

4.0 .................................................................................................................................... 8
PROJECT PURPOSE

5.0 .......................................................................................................9
PROPOSED PROJECT DEVELOPMENT

5.1 ..................................................................10
Parking Deck Plans

6.0 ................................................................................................................................. 10
DISCUSSION OF ALTERNATIVES

6.1 ............................................................................11
Avoidance

6.2 ............................................................................................................................................... 12
Minimization

6.3 ........................................................................................................................................... 13
Alternatives Conclusion

7.0 .......................................................................................................................... 14
CONCEPTUAL MITIGATION PLAN

7.1 .........................................................................15
NC Ecosystem Enhancement Program (EEP)

7.2 ............................................... ................. 15
Summary ..........................

8.0 ....................................................................................................................... 15
US ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY 404(b)(1) GUIDELINES
17
8.1 ........
Factual Determination

8.2 ............................................................................................................................. 17
Potential Impacts on Physical and Chemical Characteristics of the Aquatic Ecos
stem
17
8.3 y
........................
Potential Impacts to Biological Characteristics of the Ecosystem ........................................................... 18
• 8.4 Potential Impacts on Special Aquatic Sites ............................................................................................. 20
8.5 Potential Effects on Human Use Characteristics

8.6 ..................................................................................... 21
Summary ....................
............................................................................................................................. 22
9.0 PUBLIC INTEREST CONSIDERATIONS

9.1 ..................................................................23
Conservation

9.2 ............................................................................................................................................23
Economics

9.3 ............................................................................................................................................... 23
Aesthetics

9.4 ................................................................................................................................................ 23
General Environmental Concerns

9.5 ............................................................................................................ 24
Wetlands

9.6 ..................................................................................................................................................24
Historic Properties .................

9.7 .................................................................................................................. 24
Fish and Wildlife Values

9.8 ......................................................................................................................... 24
Flood Hazards

9.9 ......................................................................................................................................... 25
Floodplain Values

9.10 ................................................................................................................................... 25
Land Use .

9.11 ................................................................................................................................................ 25
Navigation ........................

9.12 .......................................................
Shore Erosion and Accretion ..............................................................................................................
26
9.13 .....
Recreation ....

9.14 .......................................................................................................................................... 26
Water Supply and Conservation

9.15 .............................................................................................................. 26
Water Quality (Stormwater Management) ....

9.16 .......................................................................................... 26
Energy Needs... ........... .......

9.17 .................................................................................................................... 26
Safety ..............................

9.18 .........................................................................................................................26
Food and Fiber Production

9.19 ...................................................................................................................... 27
Mineral Needs

9.20 ......................................................................................................................................... 27
Considerations of Property Ownership ......

9.21 ............................................................................................. 27
Needs and Welfare of the Public
...................... 27
.........................................................
..............................
10.0 SECONDARY AND CUMULATIVE EFFECTS
.........................................................28
• 11.0 SUMMARY ............................................................................................................
29
..........
• 1. Vicinity Map
2. USGS Topographic Map
3. Site Plan
4. Soils Map
LIST OF FIGURES
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix A Threatened and Endangered Species Assessment
Appendix B NC Ecosystem Enhancement Program Acceptance Letter
•
0
• 1.0 INTRODUCTION TO PROJECT
The applicant, Charlotte-Douglas International Airport (CDIA), proposes to construct
additional parking facilities to accommodate airport patrons. The project, known as the
Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks, will include the redevelopment of a previously
developed site and the construction of three parking decks on approximately 37 acres.
1.1 Project Location
The Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks will be located west of downtown
Charlotte and north of the existing airport in Mecklenburg County, North
Carolina. A site vicinity map is included for review (Figure 1). To access the site
from Asheville, take I-240 to I-40 East. Merge onto US Highway 321 via Exit
123A. Merge onto I-85 North. Turn south onto Billy Graham Parkway via Exit
33. Turn right onto Boyer Street. Turn left onto Wilkinson Boulevard; the site
will be to the south of Wilkinson Boulevard (State Highway 29/74), southwest of
the intersection of Wilkinson Boulevard and Harlee Avenue. In general, the site
is bordered to the north by Wilkinson Boulevard, to the south by the existing
airport, to the east by Harlee Avenue, and to the west by Little Rock Road. A
USGS topographic map is included for review (Figure 2).
1.2 Jurisdictional Waters
Streams on site include unnamed tributaries to Coffey Creek. All tributaries
within the Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks project boundary are tributaries to
• Coffey Creek. Coffey Creek flows into Sugar Creek, which is a tributary to the
Catawba River. The Catawba River is a navigable-in-fact water at the Mountain
Island Lake Dam north of Lake Wylie. The unnamed tributaries and wetlands
make up the sole hydrologic system on site. The unnamed tributaries are
classified by the NC Division of Water Quality (DWQ) as class "C" waters.
There are several wetlands located on site. The two largest wetlands have been
identified as old man-made pond bottoms and are contiguous with their associated
channel.
The site contains the following amounts of jurisdictional waters on site:
On-site Totals
Feature Amount Unit
Stream 2,759 linear feet
Wetlands 3.035 acres
Open Water 0 acres
An "Existing Site Conditions" section (Section 3.0) has been included in this
application for review and further describes the jurisdictional waters on site.

2.0 BACKGROUND AND PRIOR PROJECT HISTORY
• The applicant received a permit for stream, wetland, and open water impacts on March 9
2007 associated with the construction of a new runway, the expansion of an existing
runway, and the relocation of several roads. The Action ID associated with this project is
2006-32521-360.
An on-site pre-application meeting for the Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks project
was held on June 10, 2008 with Ms. Amanda Jones of the US Army Corps of Engineers
(Corps) and Mr. Alan Johnson of the DWQ. The DWQ issued a Notice of Violation
(NOV) on June 26, 2008 for unauthorized impacts associated with partial impacts in the
location of Impacts 8 and 9 at the site. On July 9, 2008, C1earWater Environmental
Consultants, Inc. (CEC) responded to the NOV and indicated that an individual permit
application which included impacts mentioned in the NOV was forthcoming.

•
4
3.0 EXISTING SITE CONDITIONS
The project site consists of an old Bi-Lo grocery store and parking areas. The grocery
building and truck lot are now used for storage and shuttle parking; and the patron lot in
front of the Bi-Lo now houses 778 parking spaces that comprise the "Business Valet"
parking lot that is currently in use by the airport. The site also contains two old man-
made pond bottoms, now wetlands; several old road beds; clear-cut areas; and wooded
areas. The site is relatively flat with an average elevation of approximately 750 feet
above mean sea level (MSL). Several natural communities are present on site.
3.1 Natural Community Types
During site visits, the following seven habitat types were identified within the
project boundary: early successional road-cut edge, open canopy oak-hickory
woods (50 years), closed canopy oak-hickory woods (30-50 years), bottomland
hardwood forest, riparian forest, semi-permanent impounded wetlands, and
streams. The following is a summary of each of the seven habitat types identified
on site. The complete habitat assessment can be found within the "Threatened
and Endangered Species Assessment" which is enclosed for review (Appendix
A).
3.1.1 Early Successional Road-Cut Edge
This anthropogenic habitat was created by the bush-hogging and mowing
of land adjacent to existing roads on the project site. Tree saplings
observed in this community included black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia),
loblolly pine (Pinus taeda), mimosa (Albizia julibrissin), redbud (Cercis
canadensis), red maple (Acer rubrum), and sweetgum (Liquidambar
styracijlua). Shrub species observed in this community included Chinese
privet (Ligustrum sinense), groundsel (Baccharis halimifolia), and winged
sumac (Rhus copallinum). Herbaceous species observed in this
community included broomsedge (Andropogon virginicus), bush clover
(Lespedeza cuneata), bushy bluestem (Andropogon glomeratus), Canada
goldenrod (Solidago canadensis), curly-top gumweed (Grindelia
squarrosa), dallis grass (Paspalum dilatatum), evening primrose
(Oenothera biennis), Johnson grass (Sorghum halepense), partridge pea
(Chamaecrista fasciculata), softstem rush (Juncus effusus), and tall fescue
(Festuca arundinacea).
3.1.2 Open Canopy Oak-Hickory Woods (50 years)
This is a mesic habitat, which contains a mixture of hardwood and pine
species. Trees have been thinned and the canopy is open, allowing a
diverse lower canopy to form. Trees observed in this community included
mockernut hickory (Carya tomentosa), post oak (Quercus stellata), and
sweet pignut hickory (Carya glabra). Shrubs observed in this community
included Chinese privet, multiflowered rose (Rosa multiflora), and winged
is sumac. Vines observed in this community included English ivy (Hedera
5
helix), poison ivy (Rhus radicans), roundleaf catbriar (Smilax
rotundifolia), and trumpet creeper (Campsis radicans).
3.1.3 Closed Canopy Oak-Hickory Woods (30-50 years)
This mesic habitat is composed of hardwood and conifer species 30 to 50
years in age. Tree species observed in this community included black
gum (Nyssa sylvatica), Canada hemlock (Tsuga canadensis), cherry bark
oak (Quercus pagoda), flowering dogwood (Corpus jlorida), loblolly
pine, mockernut hickory, northern red oak (Quercus rubra), red elm
(Ulmus rubra), southern red oak (Quercus falcata), sugar maple (Acer
saccharum), sweet pignut hickory, Virginia pine (Pinus virginiana), and
willow oak (Quercus phellos). Vines observed include muscadine grape
(Vitis rotundifolia), roundleaf catbriar, and Virginia creeper
(Parthenocissus quinquefolia). Herbaceous species observed in this
community included bush aster (Aster dumosus), cranefly orchid
(Tipularia discolor), grape fern (Botrychium virginianum), bigleaf
periwinkle (Vinca major), and spotted wintergreen (Chimaphila
maculatum).
3.1.4 Bottomland Hardwood Forest
This mesic to moist habitat is located in the lower elevations of the
• property adjacent to the stream channels. Depressions and hummocks
create microtopography with a dense overcanopy of hardwood trees. Tree
species observed in this community included fourwing silverbell (Halesia
tetraptera), green ash (Fraxinus pensylvanicum), hackberry (Celtis
laevigata), red maple, silver maple (Acer saccharinum), and tulip poplar
(Liriodendron tulipifera). Shrub species observed in this community
included Drumond's dogwood (Corpus drummondii), elderberry
(Sambucus canadensis), multiflowered rose, silky dogwood (Corpus
amomum), spicebush (Lindera benzoin), and strawberry bush (Euonymus
americanus). Herbaceous species observed in this community included
Japanese stiltgrass (Microstegium vimineum) and spotted wintergreen.
3.1.5 Riparian Forest
This habitat is varied and often contains mesophytic and hydrophytic
plants. Several streams flow through the site, while other unnamed
tributaries have their origins in seeps and springs on site. Tree species
observed along the stream banks in this community included bitternut
hickory (Carya cordiformis), red maple, river birch (Betula nigra), silver
maple, and sycamore (Platanus occidentalis). Shrub species observed in
this community included Chinese privet, spicebush, and tag alder (Alnus
serrulata). Herbaceous species observed in this community included
cutleaf coneflower (Rudbeckia laciniata), jumpseed (Polygonum
• virgimanum), and stiltgrass.
6
3.1.6 Semi-Permanent Impounded Wetlands
This anthropogenic habitat includes two abandoned ponds. Beaver are
now present at this location and are affecting hydrology and vegetation.
Tree species observed in this community included red maple, black willow
(Salix nigra), silky willow (Salix sericea), and river birch. Shrub species
observed in this community included buttonbush (Cephalanthus
occidentalis), rattlebush (Sesbania drummondii), silky dogwood, swamp
hibiscus (Hibiscus moscheutos), and tag alder. Herbaceous species
observed in this community included barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-
galli), fringed sedge (Carex crinita), nutsedge (Cyperus strigosus),
pointed broom sedge (Carex scoparia), shallow sedge (Carex lurida),
softstem bulrush (Scirpus validus), wool grass (Scirpus cyperinus),
ironweed (Vernonia sp.), and broadleaf arrowhead (Sagittaria latifolia).
The herbaceous layer is dominant in this community. Wetlands were
delineated in November of 2007; there are approximately 3.035 acres of
wetlands within the project boundary. All jurisdictional stream channels
and wetlands have been identified on the attached site plan (Figure 3).
3.1.7 Streams
Freshwater habitats include the streambeds and banks of unnamed
tributaries to Coffey Creek. There are approximately 2,759 linear feet of
stream channel within the project boundary. In general, these tributaries
• flow north to south and eventually into Coffey Creek. Streams and
wetlands within the project boundary are bordered by impacted
woodlands. In the project vicinity is an old Bi-Lo grocery store, several
old road beds, and many clear-cut areas. Stream channels were delineated
in November of 2007. All delineated stream channels and wetlands have
been identified on the attached site plans (Figure 3).
3.2 Soils
The Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks project area is located within the
Piedmont physiographic region of North Carolina and more specifically the
Southern Outer Piedmont Ecoregion. Soil series present on site include: Cecil,
Cecil-Urban Land complex, Mecklenburg-Urban Land complex, Urban Land, and
Water. A soils map and legend have been attached for review (Figure 4).
3.3 Fish and Wildlife Use of the Proiect Site
Wildlife species inhabiting the site include those typically found in the forest
types of the region previously described above. Although site-specific studies and
inventories documenting species utilization of the Wilkinson Boulevard Parking
Decks project area have not been conducted, general observations of fish and
wildlife use were recorded during the wetland and stream delineation; and the
threatened and endangered species assessment. There was evidence that beavers
utilize the site; however, a beaver was never observed.
•
7
3.4 Threatened and Endangered Species
The US Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) and the North Carolina Natural Heritage
Program (NHP) were contacted regarding known or potential occurrences of
federally listed threatened or endangered species or their critical habitats found
within the Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Deck project boundary. Four threatened
and endangered species are known to occur or have the potential to occur in
Mecklenburg County. The FWS has indicated the presence of Schweinitz's
sunflower (Helianthus schweinitzii) in the vicinity of the project site. An office
review of topographic maps and aerial photography, as well as, a pedestrian
survey of the site concurrent with the wetland delineation indicated potential
habitat for listed species; however, no individuals were observed. A
comprehensive threatened and endangered species survey was conducted and a
threatened and endangered species assessment has been prepared and is included
as an attachment to this application (Appendix A). The report is a summary of
studies conducted by CEC. The report describes habitats found on the 37-acre
project site and addresses the potential for the site to support listed species.
During completion of threatened and endangered species assessment for the
Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks project, no listed species were observed. It is
the opinion of CEC that federally protected species are not likely to be present
within the project boundary. As such, development of the proposed Wilkinson
Boulevard Parking Decks is not likely to cause an adverse impact to any federally
threatened or endangered species or their critical habitat.
• 3.5 Cultural Resources
A desk review of the National Register of Historic Places records maintained by the
State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) indicates several historic properties in
Charlotte. The majority of these properties are located in downtown Charlotte and
not in the immediate vicinity of the Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks project
area. The SHPO will be notified via Public Notice about the project and will be
given the opportunity to comment on the project and its potential affects on
archaeological and cultural resources.
A survey for cultural resources was conducted as a part of the final Environmental
Impact Statement (EIS) completed in November of 1999 for the airport. As a result
of the EIS and pursuant to 36 CFR 800.6(b)(1), the applicant entered into a
Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) with the SHPO and the Federal Aviation
Administration on January 6, 2000.

8
4.0 PROJECT PURPOSE
40 The basic project purpose of the proposed development of the Wilkinson Boulevard
Parking Decks is to provide parking. More specifically, the overall project purpose of the
proposed development of the Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks is to construct
additional parking facilities for airport patrons, which will support suspected demand for
airport parking, in close proximity to the existing airport.
•
•
9
41 5.0 PROPOSED PROJECT DEVELOPMENT
The proposed project calls for the development of three parking decks and all associated
infrastructure. The three parking decks will be four levels and accommodate
approximately 3,200 cars each. The northeastern-most parking deck will house and
expand the existing "Business Valet" parking lot, as well as, provide additional public
parking.
5.1 Parking Deck Plans
The applicant proposes to permanently impact 2,395 linear feet of stream channel
and 3.035 acres of wetlands to achieve the previously stated project purpose
through the development of three parking decks and all associated infrastructure.
There are 9 permanent stream impacts and 4 permanent wetland impacts
associated with development of the Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks. Impacts
have been identified on the site plan, which is enclosed for review (Figure 3).
Permanent fill impacts associated with parking deck construction are listed in the
tables below.
Parking Deck Impacts
Stream Wetlands
•
•

Im
act Linear Feet
2 74
4 332
5 27
6 131
9 156
10 10
11 934
12 432
13 300
Total 2,395
Impact Acreage
1 0.432
3 2.364
7 0.185
8 0.054
Total 3.035
10
0 6.0 DISCUSSION OF ALTERNATIVES
This discussion of alternatives is submitted by the applicant to assist the Wilmington
District, Corps in evaluating the application for authorization to discharge dredged or fill
material into waters of the United States, including wetlands, under Section 404 of the
Clean Water Act, 33 U.S.C. § 1344 at the Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks in
Mecklenburg County, North Carolina.
An analysis of the Section 404(b)(1) Guidelines (Guidelines) requirements for
consideration of alternatives as required by 40 C.F.R. 230.10(a) is set forth below.
The Guidelines' alternatives requirements provide that "no discharge of dredged or fill
material shall be permitted if there is a practicable alternative to the proposed discharge
which would have less adverse impact on the aquatic ecosystem, so long as the
alternative does not have other significant adverse environmental consequences." [See
40 C.F.R. 230.10(a) (emphasis added).] The record must contain "sufficient information
to demonstrate that the proposed discharge complies with the requirements of Section
230.10(a) of the Guidelines. The amount of information needed to make such a
determination and the level of scrutiny required by the Guidelines is commensurate with
the severity of the environmental impact (as determined by the functions of the aquatic
resource and the nature of the proposed activity) and the scope/cost of the project." [See
Corps/EPA Memorandum to the Field "Appropriate Level of Analysis Required for
Evaluating Compliance with Section 404(b)(1) Guidelines Alternatives Requirements," p.
2, dated August 23, 1994, hereinafter the "Memorandum."] As noted in the
Memorandum on pages 3-4, the 404(b)(1) Guidelines "only prohibits discharges when a
practicable alternative exists which would have less adverse impact on the aquatic
ecosystem." [See Memorandum.] "If an alleged alternative is unreasonably expensive to
the applicant, the alternative is not practicable." [See Guidelines Preamble, "Economic
Factors," 45 Federal Register 85343 (December 24, 1980).]
Practicable alternatives for the project are those alternatives that are "available and capable
of being done after taking into consideration costs, existing technology, and logistics in
light of overall project purposes." [See 40 C.F.R. 230.10(a)(2).] Clarification is provided
in the Preamble to the Guidelines on how cost is to be considered in the determination of
practicability. An alternative site is considered "available" if it is presently owned by the
applicant or "could reasonably be obtained, utilized, expanded or managed in order to
fulfill the basic purpose of the proposed activity." 40 C.F.R. § 230.10(a)(2).
The intent is to consider those alternatives, which are reasonable in terms of the overall
scope and cost of the proposed project. The term economic [for which the term "costs"
was substituted in the final rule] might be construed to include consideration of the
applicant's financial standing, or investment, or market share, a cumbersome inquiry
which is not necessarily material to the objectives of the Guidelines.
0
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 404(b)(1) Guidelines state that, "we have
is chosen instead to impose an explicit, but rebuttable presumption that alternatives to
discharges in special aquatic sites are less damaging to the aquatic ecosystem, and are
environmentally preferable." Of course, the general requirements that impacts to the
aquatic system not be acceptable also applies. This presumption "...contains sufficient
flexibility to reflect circumstances of unusual cases" (249 Fed. Reg., 85339, December
24, 1980). It is clear from these stipulations that a preferable alternative may allow
filling in certain wetland areas and subsequent mitigation and/or management of other
areas.
6.1 Avoidance
The applicant was willing to considered sites other than the proposed project site
for development of parking facilities at the airport. A set of criteria was
developed to aid in the search for a site and ultimate selection of a site.
6.1.1 Site Criteria
A. Location
In order to meet the stated project purpose, it is imperative that the
project be located within the immediate vicinity of the existing
airport. This is necessary to minimize the distance patrons must
travel to the airport; and decrease airport shuttle and transport cost.
B. Holding Capacity
The applicant desires to add an additional 10,000 parking spaces to
the existing parking facilities. This many spaces will meet the
demands of expected future parking needs at the airport.
C. Site Accessibility
The new parking facility needs to be easily accessible to airport
patrons and employees.
6.1.2 Project Alternatives
The project as proposed, along with two alternatives, were considered
when determining the most practical alternative.
A. No-Build
The no-build alternative is not an option for the applicant. During
the 2007 holiday season, airport parking was at 98% capacity for
all spaces available to the public. The airport expects a 3-5%
increase in parking needs each year. Extrapolating this percentage
to the 2008 holiday season yields all public parking areas at
maximum capacity. With parking needs increasing each year,
additional parking facilities are needed to support additional
parking demands.
•
12
Because additional parking is an absolute necessity for the
• successful continued operation of the airport, the no-build
alternative is not the preferred practical alternative.
B. Redevelopment of Existing Parking
The applicant considered redevelopment of parking areas within
existing parking facilities. There is the potential to convert single
level surface lots to parking decks; however, a surplus of parking
spaces would be needed for this to be a feasible option. In order
for construction to occur at an existing lot, that lot would need to
be closed to public parking for approximately two years for
construction. Because airport parking will be at maximum
capacity in winter of 2008, eliminating spaces only exacerbates the
parking problem.
Because there is no surplus of parking at the airport and closing
down existing parking for construction of badly needed new
parking is not practical, redevelopment of existing parking areas is
not the preferred practical alternative.
C. As-Proposed
The project as proposed involves the construction of three parking
decks, each with four levels, and each containing 3,200 spaces.
• This proposal yields 9,600 total parking spaces upon completion of
construction and does not require any existing public parking areas
to be decommissioned during construction.
Because parking demands will be met with this proposal without
decommissioning existing public parking facilities for
construction, the project as-proposed is the preferred practical
alternative.
6.2 Minimization
The applicant has minimized impacts to streams and wetlands by proposing
parking decks. Three parking decks each with four levels will be utilized on site.
Through the use of parking decks, the amount of land needed to support
anticipated parking needs has been greatly reduced. Additionally, the project
constitutes the redevelopment of a previously developed site. The site, prior to
purchase by the airport, contained a mobile home park and all associated
infrastructure. An old Bi-Lo Grocery store building and parking areas remain, as
well. The two largest wetlands on site are comprised of old pond bottoms. These
wetlands are not a natural feature in the landscape but instead the result of neglect
and improper maintenance of the ponds on site. Streams and wetlands on site are
in a highly urbanized area and are of low quality.
•
13
6.3 Alternatives Conclusion
This discussion of alternatives, together with the documents submitted by the
applicant in support of the 404 Permit, shows that the project complies with the
Guidelines. As this analysis clearly demonstrates the project is designed to avoid
and minimize impacts to the site to the maximum extent practicable while
maintaining a rational project design.
n
LJ
0
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7.0 CONCEPTUAL MITIGATION PLAN
Upon completion and implementation of all practical avoidance and minimization efforts,
2,395 linear feet of stream channel and 3.035 acres of wetland impacts associated with
the development of the Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks are unavoidable. The stream
that will be impacted at Impact 13 was determined to be non-mitigable during the on-site
meeting held on June 10, 2008; therefore, 2,095 linear feet of stream channel will be
mitigated. The following mitigation plan is provided in support of this permit
application; the mitigation measures are described below.
7.1 NC Ecosystem Enhancement Program (EEP)
The applicant proposes to mitigate for unavoidable impacts (2,095 linear feet of
stream and 3.035 acres of wetlands) at a mitigation activity ratio of 2:1 through
payment into the EEP in-lieu fee program and in association with "Expanded
service area for mitigating impacts within the Lower Catawba River Basin (HUC
03050103)" guidance dated September 12, 2006. This guidance states:
"Mitigation assets from this expanded service area can be used to meet
compensatory mitigation requirements that EEP has already agreed to provide.
However, mitigation assets should be debited at a 2:1 ratio compliant with
previous guidance form the PACG on use of credits from adjacent cataloging
units." By letter dated May 2, 2008, EEP has indicated they are willing to accept
payment for impacts at the Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks project site. The
acceptance letter is enclosed for review (Appendix B).
7.2 Summarv
The applicant is proposing to mitigate for 2,095 linear feet of unavoidable stream
impacts and 3.035 acres of unavoidable wetland impacts. The stream that will be
impacted by Impact 13 was determined to be non-mitigable during the on-site
meeting on June 10, 2008. Compensatory mitigation will be in the form of
payment into the EEP. The tables below summarize the stream and wetland
mitigation requirements for unavoidable impacts associated with the development
of the Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks.
•
15

Basic Mitigation Requirement - Streams
Impact Linear Feet
of Impact Compensatory
Mitigation Ratio (x: l) Basic Mitigation
Requirement
2 74 2 148
4 332 2 664
5 27 2 54
6 131 2 262
9 156 2 312
10 10 2 20
11 934 2 1868
12 432 2 864
Total Impacts 2,095
Total Mitigation
Requirement 4,190
*2:1 ratio chosen based on Expanded Service Area guidance not stream quality.
Basic Mitigation Requirement - Wetlands
•
Impact Acreage of
Impact Compensatory
Mitigation Ratio (x: l) Basic Mitigation
Requirement
1 0.432 2 0.864
3 2.364 2 4.728
7 0.185 2 0.370
8 0.054 2 0.108
Total Impacts 3.035
Total Mitigation
Requirement 6.070
2:1 ratio chosen based on Expanded Service Area guidance not wetland quality.
The tables below summarize the stream and wetland mitigation proposed by the
applicant for unavoidable impacts associated with the development of the
Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks.
Proposed Mitigation - Streams

Stream Linear Feet of
Type Mitigation
Activity Ratio Total
Mitigation
(x:1) Credit
EEP 4,190 Restoration 1 4,190
Total 4,190 4,190
Proposed Mitigation - Wetlands
•

Wetland Acreage of
Mitigation
Type Mitigation Activity
Ratio (x:1)
Total Credit
EEP 6.25 Restoration 1 6.25
Total 6.25 6.25
16
8.0 US ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY 404(b)(1) GUIDELINES
• The EPA interim regulations providing guidance for specification of deposit on sites for
dredge and fill material were published on September 17, 1993, in 40 C.F.R. 230 per
Section 404(b)l. Sub-Parts A through I pertain to dredge and fill permits, and apply to
project sites similar to this project.
Sub-Part D presents a summary of compliance criteria for the 404(b)(1) guidelines. This
section references and defines practicable alternatives and indicates that a dredge and fill
permit shall not be issued if practicable alternatives exist. Alternatives reviewed, detailed
in Section 6.0, were assessed for compliance with 404(b)(1) guidelines.
Additional EPA guidance is presented related to general regulatory criteria, wildlife
value, and human health guidelines. The discharge of dredge and fill material is
considered permittable under these guidelines if the discharge activity: does not
contribute to violation of state water quality standards; does not violate toxic effluent
standards; does not jeopardize the continued existence of species listed as threatened and
endangered pursuant to the federal Endangered Species Act of 1973 and subsequent
amendments; does not cause degradation to any marine sanctuaries; does not contribute
to significant degradation of "waters of the United States;" does not adversely affect
human health as it pertains to water supply; does not adversely impact wildlife, the food
chain, and special aquatic sites; does not contribute to the discharge of pollutants that
may affect the food web; does not have negative effects on the productivity of the aquatic
is ecosystem, or their physical values; and does not have adverse impacts on recreation,
aesthetic, or economic values. Additionally, the applicant is required to minimize
potential adverse impacts on the aquatic ecosystem.
8.1 Factual Determination
The Corps is required to determine both potential short-term and long-term effects
of a proposed discharge of dredge and fill material on the physical, chemical, and
biological components of an aquatic environment.
8.2 Potential Impacts on Physical and Chemical Characteristics of the Aauatic
Ecosystem
Sub-Part C of the 40 C.F.R. 230 guidelines lists six physical and chemical
characteristics that must be assessed during the permit review, and the effects of
which must be determined to be minimal on the aquatic ecosystem.
8.2.1 Substrate
Fill material will be placed in jurisdictional streams and wetlands. Any
discharge will consist of suitable fill material and will not include any
trash, debris, car bodies, asphalt, etc. The fill material will also be free of
toxic pollutants in toxic amounts. Proper sediment and erosion control
devices will be installed prior to and during construction to ensure that the
bottom elevation of remaining streams and wetlands on the property will
• not change.
17
• 8.2.2 Suspended Particulate/Turbidity (Sediment and Erosion Control)
During construction activities on the site, there may be a minimal increase
in suspended particulates that may lead to increased turbidity downstream.
However, the increase is anticipated to be minimal and temporary due to
the installation and maintenance of proper sediment and erosion control
measures during construction and shortly thereafter.
8.2.3 Water Quality
The proposed discharge of dredge and fill material should not cause
increased chemical contamination levels within the aquatic ecosystem.
Specifically, changes in clarity, color, odor, and taste of water in addition
to possible chemical contamination shall be minimized or reduced. All
discharges of dredge and fill material will be controlled with sediment and
erosion control measures.
The applicant will be concurrently applying for a DWQ Water Quality
Certification.
8.2.4 Current Patterns in Water Circulation
The discharged fill material will modify current water circulation patterns
by obstructing flow, changing direction or velocity of water, and changing
velocity or flow of circulation in the channels proposed for relocation;
• however, water circulation and patterns will be re-established in the
stream channels and wetlands provided as mitigation.
8.2.5 Normal Water Fluctuations
The discharge of fill material associated with this project is not anticipated
to have any significant effect on the downstream hydrologic regimes.
8.2.6 Salinity
Because this project is located inland and away from tidally influenced
waters and wetlands, no modification to the salinity of on-site or adjacent
waters is expected.
8.3 Potential Impacts to Biological Characteristics of the Ecosvstem
Sub-Part D of the 40 C.F.R. 230 guidelines specifies three areas of concern in
which disposal of dredge and fill material can affect the biological components of
the ecosystem. These components are threaten and endangered species, fish,
crustaceans, mollusks, other aquatic organisms in the food web, and wildlife.
8.3.1 Threatened or Endangered Species
The FWS and the NHP were contacted regarding known or potential
occurrences of federally listed threatened or endangered species or their
critical habitats found within the Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks
• project boundary. Four threatened and endangered species are known to
occur or have the potential to occur in Mecklenburg County. The FWS
18
has indicated the presence of Schweinitz's sunflower in the vicinity of the
project site. An office review of topographic maps and aerial
photography, as well as, a pedestrian survey of the site concurrent with the
wetland delineation indicated potential habitat for listed species; however,
no individuals were observed. A comprehensive threatened and
endangered species survey was conducted and a threatened and
endangered species assessment has been prepared and is included as an
attachment to this application (Appendix A). The report is a summary of
studies conducted by CEC. The report describes habitats found on the 37-
acre project site and addresses the potential for the site to support listed
species.
During completion of threatened and endangered species assessment for the
Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks, no listed species were observed. It is
the opinion of CEC that federally protected species are not likely to be
present within the project boundary. As such, development of the proposed
Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks is not likely to cause an adverse
impact to any federally threatened or endangered species or their critical
habitat.
8.3.2 Fishes, Crustaceans, Mollusks, and other Aquatic Organisms in the
Food Web
Discharges of dredge and fill material can alter the food web by impacting
. animals such as invertebrates that make up the basis of a food chain. The
release of contaminants or an increase in turbidity has the potential to
negatively affect certain aspects of the food web. Such releases may also
potentially increase the levels of exotic species.
Impacts to primary food chain production within the waters of the US and
wetlands will occur on the project site; however, food chain production
will be re-establish over time in the streams and wetlands provided as
mitigation. Net impacts to primary food chain production are expected to
be minimal.
8.3.3 Other Wildlife
The discharge of dredge and fill material has the potential to negatively
effect breeding and nesting areas, escape cover, travel corridors, and
preferred food sources for resident and migrant wildlife species.
Although some evidence of wildlife usage was apparent on site, because
the project area is within close proximity to an existing airport facility and
the project involves the redevelopment of a previously developed site,
wildlife habitat is minimal. Noise pollution, denuded vegetation, and
anthropogenic activity make this area less desirable for resident and
migrant wildlife. While a loss of wildlife habitat for wetland and stream-
0
19
dependent species may result from construction of the project, the
• proposed mitigation will compensate for any minor loss of habitat.
8.4 Potential Impacts on Special Aquatic Sites
Sub-Part E of the 40 C.F.R. 230 guidelines addresses considerations for potential
impacts on special aquatic sites, which include: sanctuaries and refuges,
wetlands, mud flats, vegetated shallows, coral reefs, and riffle-pool complexes.
8.4.1 Sanctuaries and Refuges
The discharge of dredge and fill material has the potential to negatively
effect adjacent sanctuaries and wildlife refuges by impacting water
quality, decreasing wildlife habitat, increasing human access, and creating
the need for frequent maintenance activity, resulting in the establishment
of undesirable plant and animal species, which can change the balance of
habitat type. There are no sanctuaries or refuges in the project vicinity;
therefore, impacts to sanctuaries or refuges will not occur as a result of
development of the Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks.
8.4.2 Wetlands
The discharge of dredge and fill material has the potential to adversely
effect wetlands including wetland substrate, hydrology, and vegetation.
Discharges can lead to a loss of wetland values, such as wildlife habitat,
flood storage, and groundwater recharge. The discharge. of fill material
• will impact 3.035 acres of wetlands on site. The applicant will make
payment into the EEP to compensate for unavoidable impacts to wetlands
at the site.
8.4.3 Mud Flats
Discharges of dredge and fill material has the potential to negatively effect
mud flats that exist along inland lakes, ponds, and riverine systems. There
are no mud flat communities within the project boundary; therefore, loss
of these ecosystems will not occur as a result of development of the
Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks.
8.4.4 Vegetated Shallows
Vegetated shallows are permanently inundated areas that contain rooted
aquatic vegetation. This type of habitat generally exists within estuarine
and marine environments; and some freshwater lakes and rivers. No
vegetated shallow habitats exist within the project boundary; therefore, no
impacts to this ecosystem will occur as a result of development of the
Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks.
U
20
8.4.5 Coral Reefs
Coral reefs typically exist within marine ecosystems. Coral reefs do not
exist within the project boundary; therefore, no impacts to this ecosystem
will occur as a result of development of the Wilkinson Boulevard Parking
Decks.
8.4.6 Riffle-Pool Complexes
Discharge of dredge and fill material into or upstream of riffle-pool
complexes has the potential to negatively affect water quality and wildlife
value. Fill in the form of culverts has the potential to be placed into riffle-
pool complexes. Any permanent impact to riffle-pool complexes will be
mitigated for through the proposed payment into the EEP.
8.5 Potential Effects on Human Use Characteristics
Sub-Part F of the 40 C.F.R. 230 guidelines address potential effects on human use
of wetlands and waterways. Factors including water supply, recreational and
commercial fisheries, water-related recreation, aesthetics, and parks and similar
preserves are considered within this portion of the guidelines. No effects on
human use characteristics are anticipated as a result of the proposed development
of the Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks.
8.5.1 Municipal and Private Water Supply
The public water supply will not increase or decrease as a result of
• proposed activities within the Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks project
boundary.
8.5.2 Recreational and Commercial Fisheries
Discharges of dredge and fill material has the potential to negatively effect
recreational and commercial fisheries. Opportunity for recreational and
commercial fisheries is not present on site. The amount and quality of
recreational and commercial fisheries will not increase or decrease as a
result of proposed activities with the Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks
project boundary.
8.5.3 Water-Related Recreation
Proposed activities within the Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks project
boundary will not increase or decrease waterborne recreation within the
project vicinity.
8.5.4 Aesthetics
Aesthetically, the Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks will be no different
from the other parking decks within the CDIA parking facility. The
parking decks will be designed in an aesthetically pleasing manner that is
consistent with the decks currently in place. The project is not expected to
diminish the aesthetic value of the area or cause disharmony from an aerial
or neighboring view.
21
8.5.5 Parks, National and Historical Monuments, National Beach Shores,
Wilderness Areas, Research Sites, and Similar Preserves
No areas as described above will be affected by the proposed development
within the Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks project boundary.
8.6 Summary
Based on the EPA guidelines identified within 40 C.F.R. 230, and enumerated
herein, a number of potential environmental impacts have been presented and
subsequently addressed. The proposed permanent impact to 2,395 linear feet of
streams and 3.035 acres of wetlands will not cause any off site adverse impacts.
Mitigation offered through payment in to the EEP will compensate for any on-site
impacts.

0
22
9.0 PUBLIC INTEREST CONSIDERATIONS
When reviewing this application, the Corps is required to consider the project in terms of
the public interest. In considering the public interest, the Corps must evaluate the
probable impacts of the project and evaluate the "benefits which reasonably may be
expected to occur from the proposal against reasonably foreseeable detriments." In
balancing these interests, the Corps must consider the public and private need for the
proposed project, the practicability of using reasonable alternative locations, and the
extent and permanence of the beneficial and/or detrimental impacts of the project. The
Corps also considers the following public interest factors:
conservation, economics, aesthetics, general environmental concerns,
wetlands, historic and cultural resources, fish and wildlife values, flood
hazards, floodplain values, land use, navigation, shore erosion and
accretion, recreation, water supply and water quality, energy needs, safety,
food and fiber production, mineral needs, and considerations of the
property ownership.
Pursuant to 33 C.F.R. 323.6, a determination that the project is not contrary to the public
interest must be achieved before permit issuance. Public interest considerations are listed
in 33 C.F.R. 320.4 (a)(1) and are discussed below.
Furthermore, the Corps regulations state that a permit will be granted unless the district
• engineer determines that it would be contrary to the public interest.
The applicant has extensively evaluated these factors through the planning process and
believes that the proposed project is clearly in the public interest.
9.1 Conservation
The applicant is not proposing preservation as a component of the
Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks project; however, those projects
completed by the EEP in association with this project will be preserved in
perpetuity.
9.2 Economics
The project will provide an overall benefit to the local economy of
Mecklenburg County. During and upon completion of construction of the
parking decks, the site will provide job opportunities associated with the
development and maintenance of the proposed parking decks. The
appropriate economic evaluations have been completed and the project as
proposed is economically viable.
9.3 Aesthetics
Aesthetically, the Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks will be no different
from the other parking decks within the CDIA parking facility. The
parking decks will be designed in an aesthetically pleasing manner that is
consistent with the decks currently in place. The project is not expected to
23
diminish the aesthetic value of the area or cause disharmony from an aerial
or neighboring view.
9.4 General Environmental Concerns
Other than stream and wetland impacts, proposed development activities
within the Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Deck project boundary will have
no significant identifiable impacts upon other environmental components.
9.5 Wetlands
The discharge of dredge and fill material has the potential to adversely
effect wetlands including wetland substrate, hydrology, and vegetation.
Discharges can lead to a loss of wetland values, such as wildlife habitat,
flood storage, and groundwater recharge. The discharge of fill material at
the Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks project site will impact 3.035
acres of wetlands on site.
9.6 Historic Properties
A desk review of the National Register of Historic Places records
maintained by the SHPO indicates several historic properties in Charlotte.
The majority of these properties are located in downtown Charlotte and not
in the immediate vicinity of the Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks project
area. The SHPO will be notified via Public Notice about the projects and
will be given the opportunity to comment on the project and its potential
affects on archaeological and cultural resources.
A survey for cultural resources was conducted as a part of the final EIS
completed in November of 1999 for the airport. As a result of the EIS and
pursuant to 36 CFR 800.6(b)(1), the applicant entered into a MOA with the
SHPO and the Federal Aviation Administration on January 6, 2000.
9.7 Fish and Wildlife Values
Riparian and wetland areas provide habitat for many types of wildlife
because of their diverse and productive plant communities, complex
structure, and close proximity to surface water. Wildlife may be
permanent residents of riparian and wetland areas or occasional visitors
that use the areas for food, water, or temporary shelter.
Food availability varies with the type of vegetation in riparian and wetland
areas, but includes fruit, seed, foliage, twigs, buds, insects, and other
invertebrates. Trees and shrub produce a variety of foods that are eaten by
many animals and may be especially important sources of nutrition during
the winter months. Grasses and herbaceous vegetation provide seeds and
forage both within riparian and wetland areas and along the forest border.
The stream environment provides moving water for many animals to
• drink, feed, swim, and reproduce. Water is also available on the moist
24
vegetation and in wetlands that are often associated with riparian areas.
These areas, both permanent and temporary, are especially important for
amphibians and macro-invertebrates.
Riparian and wetland areas provide a sheltered environment for many
species of animals to feed, rest, and reproduce. Animals use these areas to
seek shelter from extreme weather and to escape predators and human
activity. Riparian and wetland areas may also provide important travel
corridors for some species, and are frequently used as stop-over points for
migratory birds.
Although some evidence of wildlife usage was apparent on site, because
the project area is within close proximity to an existing airport facility and
the project involves the redevelopment of a previously developed site,
wildlife habitat is minimal. Noise pollution, denuded vegetation, and
anthropogenic activity make this area less desirable for resident and
migrant wildlife. While a loss of wildlife habitat for wetland and stream-
dependent species may result from construction of the project, the
proposed mitigation should compensate for any lost functions and values.
9.8 Flood Hazards
It is likely that some tributaries on the property will flood occasionally due
to natural fluctuations in weather patterns that increase precipitation. The
• activities taking place within the Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks
project boundary are not expected to increase or decrease the natural rate
of flooding at the site or downstream.
9.9 Floodplain Values
Designated floodplains will not be impacted by activities within the
Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks project boundary. Flood stages and
frequencies should not increase or decrease as a result of the activities
taking place within the Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks project
boundary.
9.10 Land Use
The proposed project will be in compliance with local zoning regulations
and ordinances. The project is consistent with surrounding land use and
development.
9.11 Navigation
All tributaries within the Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks project
boundary are tributaries to Coffey Creek. Coffey Creek flows into Sugar
Creek, which is a tributary to the Catawba River. The Catawba River is a
navigable-in-fact water at the Mountain Island Lake Dam north of Lake
Wylie. Activities proposed within the Wilkinson Boulevard Parking
• Decks project boundary are not likely to effect navigation.
25
9.12 Shore Erosion and Accretion
The project should have minimal effects on erosion and runoff. An erosion
control plan will be implemented as part of the construction plan for the
project. During the construction process, BMPs will be followed. These
BMPs may include the construction of swales, erosion and sediment control
structures, turbidity barriers, and other measures that will prevent sediment
transport off the project site and into other waters. Use of devices such as
silt screens, staked hay bales, temporary grassing, wind rowing of
vegetation, and other mechanisms to prevent turbidity may be employed.
9.13 Recreation
Proposed activities within the Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks project
boundary will not increase or decrease waterborne recreation on site or in
the project vicinity.
9.14 Water Supply and Conservation
The public water supply will not increase or decrease due to proposed
activities within the Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks project
boundary.
9.15 Water Quality (Stormwater Management)
The stormwater management plan for this site will be reviewed and
approved under the City of Charlotte NPDES Phase 2 Program. The
applicant will be obtaining the necessary local approvals for their
stormwater management plan from the City of Charlotte. Following local
government approval, a copy of the approved stormwater management
plan will be submitted to DWQ.
The applicant will be concurrently applying for a NC Division of Water
Quality Water Quality Certification.
9.16 Enemy Needs
Activities taking place within the Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks
project boundary, during construction and at full operation, are not
expected to significantly increase energy demands beyond the capacity of
the local facility. Energy will not be produced as a result of the proposed
activities within the Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks project
boundary.
9.17 Safety
The proposed project will be designed with the maximum possible
considerations for public safety. The proposed activities within the
Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks project boundary will not increase or
decrease public safety.
•
26
9.18 Food and Fiber Production
The proposed activities within the Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks
project boundary will not increase or decrease food and fiber production.
9.19 Mineral Needs
The project fulfills no current mineral needs. No mining activities are
proposed as part of the development of the Wilkinson Boulevard Parking
Decks.
9.20 Considerations of Property Ownership
The applicant owns the property proposed for development and has the
inherent right to develop the land in a reasonable and responsible manner,
which includes adhering to all Federal, State, and local regulations.
Property Owner of Record:
Charlotte Douglas International Airport
Post Office Box 19066
Charlotte, North Carolina 28219
9.21 Needs and Welfare of the Public
The project will positively address the needs and welfare of the public by
providing additional parking facilities at the Charlotte-Douglas International
Airport in Mecklenburg County, North Carolina.
•
27
10.0 SECONDARY AND CUMULATIVE EFFECTS
• The Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks project site is located within the Catawba River
Subbasin 03-08-34. Approximately 52 percent of this subbasin is forested and the total
land mass includes approximately 317 square miles (202,808 acres). The Wilkinson
Boulevard Parking Decks project site is comprised of approximately 37 acres (0.6 square
miles). All of the land mass for the Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks project site
accounts for less than 0.01 percent of the land mass of the basin. These percentages alone,
limit significant cumulative effects on the watershed. The City of Charlotte is the most
heavily urbanized region of the basin and the state. Continued and future development of
the watershed is independent of activities proposed within the Wilkinson Boulevard
Parking Decks project boundary. Impacts within the Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks
project boundary include the installation of culverts, placement of fill, and construction of
three parking decks and associated infrastructure. This project includes the redevelopment
of a previous developed site. Stream and wetland fills are necessary for the development of
the site. Minimization activities, such as the use of parking decks as opposed a single level
surface lot, have lessened impacts associated with expansion of parking facilities and their
effects cumulatively on the watershed will be minimal.
U

28
11.0 SUMMARY
40 The development of the Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks involves the installation of
culverts, placement of fill, and construction of three parking decks and associated
infrastructure. Alternatives have been evaluated and the project "As-Proposed" is the
least damaging practical alternative. Potential impacts to the physical and chemical
characteristics of the ecosystem, biological characteristic of the ecosystem, impacts on
special aquatic sites, and potential effects on human use characteristics will be minimal.
The project is not contrary to the public interest and will aid in the continued growth of
the Charlotte-Douglas International Airport and Mecklenburg County.

•
29
CDIA, Wilkinson Boulevard
Parking Decks
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718 Oakland Street
Hendersonville, NC 28791
828-698-9800
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718 Oakland Street
Hendersonville, NC 28791
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•
Threatened and Endangered Species Assessment for the
Charlotte-Douglas International Airport
Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks
May 28, 2008
(revised)
•
For:
Mr. Ike Reeves
Charlotte-Douglas International Airport
Mecklenburg County, North Carolina
By:
C1earWater Environmental Consultants, Inc.
718 Oakland Street
Hendersonville, North Carolina 28791
• 1.0 INTRODUCTION
The following report includes methods used and results for a threatened and endangered
species survey and habitat assessment for the proposed 37-acre Charlotte-Douglas
International Airport (CDIA), Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks project area. The
threatened and endangered species survey was conducted to determine the occurrence of or
potential for the occurrence of federally listed threatened or endangered animal and plant
species on the proposed project site. Completion of this survey was directed by and
complies with three current state and federal regulations: the Federal Endangered Species
Act of 1973 (16 USC 1531-1543), the North Carolina Endangered Species Act (N.C.G.S.
Sect. 113 article 25), and the North Carolina Plant Protection and Conservation Act of
1979 (N.C.G.S. Sect. 19b 106: 202.12-22).
The referenced site is located southwest of the intersection of Wilkinson Boulevard and
Harlee Avenue west of downtown Charlotte in Mecklenburg County, North Carolina. A
site vicinity map and USGS topographic map are included for review (Figures 1 and 2).
2.0 METHODOLOGY
A protected species survey was conducted within the project area on November 6, and
November 19, 2007 by Clearwater Environmental Consultants, Inc. (CEC) to determine the
potential for occurrences of federally listed threatened and endangered animal and plant
species.
• Specific information was obtained from the US Fish and Wildlife Service FWS and NC
Natural Heritage Program (NHP) regarding existing data concerning the presence or
potential occurrence of threatened or endangered species in Mecklenburg County, North
Carolina. The FWS lists the following four federally threatened and endangered species
as occurring or potentially occurring in Mecklenburg County. The species listed below
were included in the surveys and assessment. A complete list of query data is included for
review (Appendix A).
Common Name Scientific Name Status
Carolina heelsplitter Lasmigona decorata Endangered
Michaux's sumac Rhus michauxii Endangered
Schweintz's sunflower Helianthus schweinitzii Endangered
smooth coneflower Echinacea laevigata Endangered
3.0 HABITAT CLASSIFICATION
The protected species audit consisted of a pedestrian survey. During field surveys, six
general habitats were identified and compared with recognized habitats for each of the four
species potentially occurring on the site. Potential fauna were identified to the taxonomic
unit level necessary to determine if the observed specimen was a protected species. Plants
were identified to the lowest taxonomic level readily discernible in the field during the time
of the survey.
P_.?
• During the site visits, the following six habitat types were identified within the project
boundary: early successional road-cut edge, open canopy oak-hickory woods (50 years),
closed canopy oak-hickory woods (30-50 years), bottomland hardwood forest, riparian
forest, and semi-permanent impounded wetlands. The following is a summary of each of
the six habitat types identified on site. A complete list of plant species observed on site is
attached for review (Appendix B).
3.1 Early Successional Road-Cut Edge
This anthropogenic habitat was created by the bush-hogging and mowing of land
adjacent to existing roads on the project site. Tree saplings observed in this
community included black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia), loblolly pine (Pinus
taeda), mimosa (Albizia julibrissin), redbud (Cercis canadensis), red maple (Acer
rubrum), and sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua). Shrub species observed in
this community included Chinese privet (Ligustrum sinense), groundsel
(Baccharis halimifolia), and winged sumac (Rhus copallinum). Herbaceous
species observed in this community included broomsedge (Andropogon
virginicus), bush clover (Lespedeza cuneata), bushy bluestem (Andropogon
glomeratus), Canada goldenrod (Solidago canadensis), curly-top gumweed
(Grindelia squarrosa), dallis grass (Paspalum dilatatum), evening primrose
(Oenothera biennis), Johnson grass (Sorghum halepense), partridge pea
(Chamaecrista fasciculata), softstem rush (Juncus effusus), and tall fescue
(Festuca arundinacea). Photographs of this community are attached for review
(Appendix C, Photos 1 and 2). Impact to this habitat is not likely to affect listed
i species.
3.2 Open Canopy Oak-Hickory Woods (50 years)
This is a mesic habitat that contains a mixture of hardwood and pine species.
Trees have been thinned and the canopy is open, allowing a diverse lower canopy
to form. Trees observed in this community included mockernut hickory (Carya
tomentosa), post oak (Quercus stellata), and sweet pignut hickory (Carya glabra).
Shrubs observed in this community included Chinese privet, multiflowered rose
(Rosa multiflora), and winged sumac. Vines observed in this community
included English ivy (Hedera helix), poison ivy (Rhus radicans), roundleaf
catbriar (Smilax rotundifolia), and trumpet creeper (Campsis radicans). A
photograph of this community is attached for review (Appendix C, Photo 3).
Impact to this habitat is not likely to affect listed species.
3.3 Closed Canopy Oak-Hickory Woods (30-50 years)
This mesic habitat is composed of hardwood and conifer species 30 to 50 years in
age. Tree species observed in this community included black gum (Nyssa
sylvatica), Canada hemlock (Tsuga canadensis), cherrybark oak (Quercus
pagoda), flowering dogwood (Corpus florida), loblolly pine, mockernut hickory,
northern red oak (Quercus rubra), red elm (Ulmus rubra), southern red oak
(Quercus falcata), sugar maple (Acer saccharum), sweet pignut hickory, Virginia
pine (Pinus virginiana), and willow oak (Quercus phellos). Vines observed
• include muscadine grape (Vitis rotundifolia), roundleaf catbriar, and Virginia
creeper (Parthenocissus quinquefolia). Herbaceous species observed in this
community included bush aster (Aster dumosus), cranefly orchid (Tipularia
discolor), grape fern (Botrychium virginianum), bigleaf periwinkle (Vinca major),
and spotted wintergreen (Chimaphila maculatum). Photographs of this
community are attached for review (Appendix C, Photos 4 and 5). Impact to this
habitat is not likely to affect listed species.
3.4 Bottomland Hardwood Forest
This mesic to moist habitat is located in the lower elevations of the property
adjacent to the stream channels. Depressions and hummocks create
microtopography with a dense overcanopy of hardwood trees. Tree species
observed in this community included fourwing silverbell (Halesia tetraptera),
green ash (Fraxinus pensylvanicum), hackberry (Celtic laevigata), red maple,
silver maple (Acer saccharinum), and tulip poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera).
Shrub species observed in this community included Drumond's dogwood (Cornus
drummondii), elderberry (Sambucus canadensis), multiflowered rose, silky
dogwood (Cornus amomum), spicebush (Lindera benzoin), and strawberry bush
(Euonymus americanus). Herbaceous species observed in this community
included Japanese stiltgrass (Microstegium vimineum) and spotted wintergreen.
Impact to this habitat is not likely to affect listed species.
3.5 Riparian Forest
• This habitat is varied and contains mesophytic and hydrophytic plants. Several
streams flow through the site, while other unnamed tributaries have their origins
in seeps and springs on site. Tree species observed along the stream banks in this
community included bitternut hickory (Carya cordiformis), red maple, river birch
(Betula nigra), silver maple, and sycamore (Platanus occidentalis). Shrub species
observed in this community included Chinese privet, spicebush, and tag alder
(Alnus serrulata). Herbaceous species observed in this commnity included
cutleaf coneflower (Rudbeckia laciniata), jumpseed (Polygonum virginianum),
and stiltgrass. A photograph of this community is attached for review (Appendix
C, Photo 6). Impact to this habitat is not likely to affect listed species.
3.6 Semi-Permanent Impounded Wetlands
This manmade habitat includes two abandoned ponds. Beaver are now present at
this location and are affecting hydrology and vegetation. Tree species observed in
this community included red maple, black willow (Salix nigra), silky willow
(Salix sericea), and river birch. Shrub species observed in this community
included buttonbush (Cephalanthus occidentalis), rattlebush (Sesbania
drummondii), silky dogwood, swamp hibiscus (Hibiscus moscheutos), and tag
alder. Herbaceous species observed in this community included barnyard grass
(Echinochloa crus-galli), fringed sedge (Carex crinita), nutsedge (Cyperus
strigosus), pointed broom sedge (Carex scoparia), shallow sedge (Carex lurida),
softstem bulrush (Scirpus validus), wool grass (Scirpus cyperinus), ironweed
(Vernonia sp.), and broadleaf arrowhead (Sagittaria latifolia). The herbaceous
• layer is dominant in this community. Photographs of this community are attached
for review (Appendix C, Photos 7 and 8). Impact to this habitat is not likely to
affect listed species.
4.0 SOILS
The Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks project area is located within the
Piedmont physiographic region of North Carolina and more specifically the
Southern Outer Piedmont Ecoregion. On-site soils have been mapped by the
Natural Resources Conservation Services. Soil series present on site include:
Cecil, Cecil-Urban Land complex, Mecklenburg-Urban Land complex, Urban
Land, and Water. A soils map and legend have been attached for review (Figure
3).
5.0 LISTED SPECIES AND ACKNOWLEDGED HABITATS
The following is a brief description of each listed species included in the survey, its
recognized habitat, and comments regarding survey results for that species.
5.1 Carolina Heelsplitter
The Carolina heelsplitter (Lasmigona decorata) is federally listed as an endangered
species in North Carolina. The Carolina heelsplitter is a medium sized mussel that
prefers shaded areas either in ponded portions of small streams or in runs along
steep banks with a moderate current. Historically, the species was reported from
small to large streams and rivers, as well as ponds. The "ponds" referred to in
• historic records are believed to have been millponds on some of the smaller
streams within the species' historic range. Presently, the species is known to
occur in only six small streams and one small river. Primary habitat is waters less
than three feet deep with soft mud, muddy sand, or sandy gravel substrate.
The on-site perennial and intermittent streams are highly disturbed and are not
likely to provide suitable habitat for the Carolina heelsplitter. It is the opinion of
CEC that this project is not likely to affect Carolina heelsplitter.
5.2 Michaux's Sumac
Michaux's sumac (Rhus michauxii) is federally listed as an endangered species in
North Carolina. This plant is found in sandy or rocky, open woods in association
with basic soils, usually on ridges that have been disturbed through clearing. This
plant survives best in areas where some form of disturbance has provided an open
area. Eleven of the plant's 16 remaining populations are on highway rights-of-
way, roadsides, or on the edges of artificially maintained clearings. Two other
populations are in areas with periodic fires, and two more populations exist on
sites undergoing natural succession. One population is situated in a natural
opening on the rim of a Carolina Bay.
Nearly the entire site has medium acidic to very acidic soil that is not typically
suitable for Michaux's sumac. Additionally, areas with dense canopy and
• understory vegetation are not suitable for this species. The early successional
• road-cut edge, the most suitable habitat for Michaux's sumac, was surveyed;
however, the species was not observed. It is the opinion of CEC that this project is
not likely to affect Michaux's sumac.
53 Schweinitz's Sunflower
Schweinitz's sunflower (Helianthus schweinitzii) is federally listed as an
endangered species in North Carolina. This plant species is found within prairie
remnants, wood edges, utility line easements, and road rights-of-way. Clay soils
and high gravel content are preferred. Some form of disturbance such as fire is
necessary to maintain open habitat for this species. This species is commonly
associated with other disturbed area species such as, winged sumac, goldenrod,
blackberry, redbud, scrub oaks, wild grapes, and broom sedge.
The plant is a perennial herb with a tuberous root system. It has one to several
hairy and scabrous stems that are up to ten feet tall. Leaves are opposite, with the
uppermost leaves being alternate. Flowers are yellow discs with a greenish
yellow or yellow center; flowering occurs from September through October.
The early successional road-cut edge, the most suitable habitat for Schweinitz's
sunflower, was surveyed; however, the species was not observed. It is the opinion
of CEC that this project is not likely to affect Schweinitz's sunflower.
5.4 Smooth Coneflower
• Smooth coneflower (Echinacea laevigata) is federally listed as an endangered
species in North Carolina. This species is a rare plant found in meadows, open
woods, cedar barrens, roadsides, clear cuts, dry limestone bluffs, and power line
rights-of-way, usually on magnesium and calcium-rich soils associated with gabbro
(in North Carolina and Virginia) and diabase (in North Carolina and South
Carolina). Optimal sites are characterized by abundant sunlight and little
competition in the herbaceous layer. Natural fires, as well as large herbivores, are
part of the history of the vegetation in this species' range; many of the associated
herbs are also sun-loving species, which depend on periodic disturbances to reduce
the shade and competition of woody plants.
Nearly the entire site has medium acidic to very acidic soil that is not typically
suitable for smooth coneflower. Additionally, areas with dense canopy and
understory vegetation are not suitable for this species. The early successional
road-cut edge, the most suitable habitat for smooth coneflower, was surveyed;
however, the species was not observed. It is the opinion of CEC that this project is
not likely to affect smooth coneflower.
0
6.0 CONCLUSIONS
During completion of the threatened and endangered species habitat assessments for the
Charlotte-Douglas International Airport, Wilkinson Boulevard Parking Decks project
area, no listed species were observed. It is the opinion of Clearwater Environmental
Consultants, Inc. that federally and state protected species are not likely to be present
within the project area. As such, construction of the proposed Wilkinson Boulevard
Parking Decks is not likely to cause an adverse impact to any threatened or endangered
species or their critical habitat.
Although no federally listed threatened and endangered species were identified during
these surveys, because of the transitory nature of some of the listed threatened and
endangered species and the particular flower and fruiting periods of some plants, it is
possible that endangered species populations and locations may change over time.
Therefore, any potential findings at a later date should be fully investigated and
coordinated with appropriate agencies to prevent potential adverse impacts.
•
9
0 7.0 RESOURCES
Barden, L.S. 1997. Historic Prairies in the Piedmont of North and South Carolina,
USA. Natural Areas Journal 17: 149-152.
Franklin, M.A., and J.T. Finnegan. 2006. Natural Heritage Program List of Rare
Plant Species of North Carolina. The N.C. Department of Environment and
Natural Resources. Raleigh, N.C. 136 pp.
Radford, A. E., H. E. Ash] es and C.R. Bell. 1964. Manual of the Vascular Flora of
the Carolinas. The University of North Carolina Press. Chapel Hill, NC. 1183
PP.
Schafale, M.P., and A.S. Weakley. 1990. Classification of the Natural Communities
of North Carolina: third approximation. North Carolina Natural Heritage
Program Division of Parks and Recreation. North Carolina Dept. of
Environment, Health, and Natural Resources. 325 pp.
United States Fish and Wildlife Service, Threatened and Endangered Species of North
Carolina. Species accounts at <hq //www.fws. ?ov/nc-es/es/count fr html>.
North Carolina Natural Heritage Program, county element search results. Species
accounts at <http://149.168.1.196/nhp/find php>.
•
MA'POZOEST
a
0 2008 MnpQuest
CLEARWATER
CDIA, Wilkinson Boulevard Environmental Consultants. Inc. Site Vicinity Map
Parking Decks 718 Oakland Street Figure 1
Mecklenburg County, NC I lendersonville, NC 28791
828-698-9800
CDIA, Wilkinson Boulevard
Parking Decks
Mecklenburg County, NC
CLEARWATER
Environmental Consultants, Inc.
718 Oakland Street
Hendersonville, NC 28791
828-698-9800
USGS Topographic Map
Charlotte West Quad
Figure 2
11
CDIA, Wilkinson Boulevard
Parking Decks
Mecklenburg County, NC
CLEARWATER
Environmental Consultants, Inc.
718 Oakland Street
Hendersonville. NC 28791
828-698-9800
USDA Soil Survey
Figure 3a
MAP LEGEND
MAP INFORMATION
Atom of Interest tA011 Vary 2aly Sour Orylnai so iisurvey map sheets were prepared at pubhcatlon scale.
4rea d Merev.. yAO1:
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Soils
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Special Lim Features Source of Map: Nalura+ Resources Conservalion Service
Special Point Features Loeb Soil Survey URL• htlp:rrw'ebso !+5 Jr'Wy.n rCS.iJ9da.g0'4
S cnw Coordinate System: U7M Zone 17N

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the version dais Is) listed below.
Political Features Sod Survey Are a: Mecklenburg County, North Carolina
Municipalities Survey Area Bala: Version 8, May 7, 20D7
X Grave! tit 0 ;Ices
Dale(5) aer;a' irrages were photographed: 1993
. Gravelly Soot E rt sl Are fi
The orthophoto orolher base map on which the soil lines were
Q -andRl Water Features comptled and digitized probably differs from the background
Oc:e:tis imagery drspleyed on these craps. As a resull., some rninorshhng
of reap uni boundaries may be evident
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Map Unit Legend
Mecklenburg County, North Carolina 1NC119f
Map Unit Symbol Map Unit Name Acres In AOI Percent of AOI
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To*as fo' A'ea of 1^,le esl;A0 I ;&p
I
CDIA, Wilkinson Boulevard
Parking Decks
Mecklenburg County, NC
CLEARWATER
Environmental Consultants, Inc.
718 Oakland Street
Hendersonville, NC 28791
USDA Soil Survey Legend
Figure 3b
•
APPENDIX A
FWS and NHP Data
•
9
NC NHP County Element Search
Page 1 of 2
NC NHP County Element Search Results
New Search j
Returned Elements: 53 using: MECKLENBURG ALL
[Animal Assemblage 1] [Invertebrate Animal 7] [Natural Com munity 7] [Nonvascula r Plant 3] [Vascular Plant 27]
[Vertebrate Animal 8]
Major Group Scientific Name Common Name State Federal State Global County - Map -
Status Status Rank Rank Status Habitat
Animal Colonial Wading Bird Colony
Assemblage None None None S3 GNR Mecklenburg Link
- Current -
Invertebrate Alasmidontarobusta
Animal Carolina Elktoe EX None SX G1Q Mecklenburg Link
- Historical -
Invertebrate Gomphus abbreviatus
Animal Spine-crowned Clubtail SR None S3? G3G4 Mecklenburg Link
- Obscure -
Invertebrate Lasmigona decorata
Animal Carolina Heelsplitter E E S1 G1 Mecklenburg
Link
- Historical
Invertebrate Strophitus undulates
Animal Creeper T None S2 G5 Mecklenburg
Link
- Current
Invertebrate Triaenodes marginatus
Animal A Triaenode Caddisfly SR None S3 G5 Mecklenburg
Link
- Current
Invertebrate Villosa delumbis
Animal Eastern Creekshell SR None S3 G4 Mecklenburg
Link
- Current
Invertebrate Villosa vaughaniana
Animal Carolina Creekshell E FSC S2 G2 Mecklenburg
Link
- Current
Natural Basic mesic forest (piedmont
Community subtype) None None None S2 G5T3 Mecklenburg
Link
- Current
Natural Basic oak--hickory forest
Community None None None S3 G4 Mecklenburg
Link
- Current
Natural Dry-mesic oak--hickory forest
Community None None None S5 G5 Mecklenburg
Link
- Current
Natural Mesic mixed hardwood forest
Community (piedmont subtype) None None None S4 G5T5 Mecklenburg
Link
- Current
Natural Piedmont/low mountain alluvial
Community forest None None None S5 G5 Mecklenburg
Link
- Current
Natural Upland depression swamp
Community forest None None None S3 G3 Mecklenburg
Link
- Current
Natural Xeric hardpan forest
Community None None None S3 G3G4 Mecklenburg
Link
- Current
Nonvascular Dichelyma capillaceum
Plant Hair Claw Moss SR-P None S1? G5 Mecklenburg
Link
- Historical
Nonvascular Fissidens scalaris
Plant A Plume Moss SR-O None SH GNR Mecklenburg
Link
- Historical
Nonvascular Rhachithecium perpusillum
Plant Budding Tortula SR-D None S1S2 G4G5 Mecklenburg
Link
- Historical
Vascular Anemone berlandieri
Plant Southern Anemone SR-P None S2 G4? Mecklenburg
Link
- Historical
Vascular Anemone caroliniana
Plant Prairie Anemone SR-P None S1 G5 Mecklenburg
Link
- Current
Vascular Baptisia albescens
Plant Thin-pod White Wild Indigo SR-P None S2 G4 Mecklenburg
Link
- Historical
Vascular Botrychium jenmanii
Plant Alabama Grape-fern SR-P None S2 G3G4 Mecklenburg
Link
- Historical
Vascular Cardamine dissecta
Plant Dissected Toothwort SR-P None S2 G4? Mecklenburg
Link
- Historical
Vascular Carex baileyi
Plant Bailey's Sedge SR-P None S2 G4 Mecklenburg
L
ink
- Historical
Vascular Carex projecta
lant Necklace Sedge SR-P None S1 G5 Mecklenburg
L
ink
- Historical
Vascular
Cirsium carolinianum
Plant Carolina Thistle SR-P None S2 G5 Mecklenburg
L
ink
- Current
http:// 149.168.1.196/nhp/find.php 11/9/2007
NC NHP County Element Search
Page 2 of 2
Vascular Delphinium exaltatum Tall Larkspur E-SC FSC S2 G3 Mecklenburg Link
Plant - Historical -
Vascular Desmodium sessilifolium Sessile Tick-trefoil SR-P None SH G5 Mecklenburg Link
Plant - Historical -
Vascular
Plant Dichanthelium annulum A Witch Grass SR-P None SH GNR Mecklenburg Link
- Historical -
Vascular Dodecatheon meadia var.
Eastern Shooting-Star
SR-P
None
S2
G5T5 Mecklenburg
Link
Plant meadia - Historical
Vascular
Plant
Echinacea laevigata
Smooth Coneflower
E-SC
E
S1
G2 Mecklenburg
Link
- Current
Vascular
Plant Eurybia mirabilis Piedmont Aster SR-T FSC S2 G2G3 Mecklenburg Link
- Current -
Vascular
Plant Helianthus schweinitzii Schweinitz's Sunflower E E S3 G3 Mecklenburg Link
- Current -
Vascular
Plant Hexalectris spicata Crested Coralroot SR-P None S2 G5 Mecklenburg Link
- Historical -
Vascular
Plant
flex longipes
Georgia Holly
SR-P
None
S1
G5 Mecklenburg
Link
- Current
Vascular
Plant Lotus helleri Carolina Birdfoot-trefoil SR-T FSC S3 G3 Mecklenburg Link
- Current -
Vascular
Plant Matelea decipiens Glade Milkvine SR-P None S2 G5 Mecklenburg Link
-Current -
Vascular Oligoneuron rigidum var. Southeastern Bold
SR-P
None
S2
G5T4 Mecklenburg
Plant labratum
g Goldenrod
-Historical Link
-
Vascular
Plant Parthenium auriculatum Glade Wild Quinine SR-T None S2 G3? Mecklenburg
Link
-Current
Vascular
Plant Pseudognaphalium helleri Heller's Rabbit-Tobacco SR-P None S3 G3G4 Mecklenburg Link
-Current -
Vascular
Plant Rhus michauxii Michaux's Sumac E-SC E S2 G2G3 Mecklenburg Link
- Current -
Vascular
Plant Silphium perfoliatum Northern Cup-plant SR-P None S1 G5 Mecklenburg Link
- Current
Vascular
Plant Silphium terebinthinaceum Prairie Dock SR-P None S2 G4G5 Mecklenburg Link
-Current -
Vascular
Symphyotrichum georgianum Georgia Aster (=Aster
T
C
S2
G2G3 Mecklenburg
Li
k
Plant georgianus) - Current n
Vascular Thermopsis mollis Appalachian Golden- SR-P None S2 G3G4 Mecklenburg Li
k
Plant banner . - Historical n
Vertebrate
Animal Carpiodes sp. cf velifer A carpsucker SC None S1 GNR Mecklenburg Link
- Current ---
Vertebrate Condylura cristata pop. 1 Star-nosed Mole - Coastal SC None S2 G5T2Q Mecklenburg Li
k
Animal Plain Population - Historical n
Vertebrate
Animal Crotalus horridus Timber Rattlesnake SC None S3 G4 Mecklenburg Link
- Current -
Vertebrate
Animal Cyprinella zanema Santee Chub SR None S3 G4 Mecklenburg Link
- Current --
Vertebrate
A
i
l Etheostoma collis pop. 1 Carolina Darter - Central SC FSC S3 G3T3Q Mecklenburg Link
n
ma Piedmont Population - Current -
Vertebrate
Animal Haliaeetus leucocephalus Bald Eagle T T S3B,S3N G5 Mecklenburg Link
- Current -
Vertebrate
Animal Lanius ludovicianus Loggerhead Shrike SC None S3B,S3N G4 Mecklenburg Link
- Current
Vertebrate
Animal Lasiurus intermedius Northern Yellow Bat SR None SU G4G5 Mecklenburg Link
- Current -
NC NHP database updated on Monday, July 2nd, 2007.
Search per formed on Friday, 9 Novem ber 2007 @ 08:12:23 EST
Explanation of Codes
I*
http:// 149.168.1.196/nhp/find.php 11/9/2007
Mecklenburg County Endangered Species, Threatened Species,Federal Species of Concer... Pagel of 2
Mecklenburg County, North Carolina
Updated: 05-10-2007
Common Name
Vertebrate:
American eel
Bald eagle
Carolina darter
Invertebrate:
Carolina creekshell
Carolina heelsplitter
Vascular Plant:
Dwarf aster
Georgia aster
Michaux's sumac
Prairie birdsfoot-trefoil
Schweinitz's sunflower
Shoals spiderlily
Smooth coneflower
Tall larkspur
Nonvascular plant:
Lichen:
Scientific name
Anguilla rostrata
Haliaeetus leucocephalus
Etheostoma collis collis
Villosa vaughaniana
Lasmigona decorata
Eurybia mirabilis
Symphyotrichum georgianum
Rhus michauxii
Lotus unifoliolatus var. helleri
Helianthus schweinitzii
Hymenocallis coronaria
Echinacea laevigata
Delphinium exaltatum
Federal Record Status
Status
FSC Current
T Current
FSC Current
FSC Current
E Historic
FSC Current
C Current
E Current
FSC Current
E Current
FSC Probable/potential
E Current
FSC Historic
Definitions of Federal Status Codes:
E = endangered. A taxon danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range."
- threatened. A taxon "likely to become endangered within the foreseeable future throughout all or a
significant portion of its range."
P = proposed. A taxon proposed for official listing as endangered or threatened.
http://www.fws.gov/nc-es/es/entylist/meeklenburg.htm] 11/9/2007
Mecklenburg County Endangered Species, Threatened Species,Federal Species of Concer... Page 2 of 2
C = candidate. A taxon under consideration for official listing for which there is sufficient information
to support listing. (Formerly "C1" candidate species.)
A&SC = federal species of concern. A species under consideration for listing, for which there is
insufficient information to support listing at this time. These species may or may not be listed in the
future, and many of these species were formerly recognized as "C2" candidate species.
T(S/A) = threatened due to similarity of appearance. A species that is threatened due to similarity of
appearance with other rare species and is listed for its protection. These species are not biologically
endangered or threatened and are not subject to Section 7 consultation.
EXP = experimental population. A taxon listed as experimental (either essential or nonessential).
Experimental, nonessential populations of endangered species (e.g., red wolf) are treated as threatened
species on public land, for consultation purposes, and as species proposed for listing on private land.
Definitions of "Record Status" qualifiers:
Current - the species has been observed in the county within the last 50 years.
Historic - the species was last observed in the county more than 50 years ago.
Obscure - the date and/or location of observation is uncertain.
Incidental/migrant - the species was observed outside of its normal range or habitat.
Probable/potential - the species is considered likely to occur in this county based on the proximity of
known records (in adjacent counties), the presence of potentially suitable habitat, or both.
•
•
http://www.fws.gov/nc-es/es/entylist/meeklenburg.html 11/9/2007
•
0

Acer negundo
Acer rubrum
Acer saccharinum
Albizia julibrissin
Alnus serrulata
Ambrosia artemisiifolia
Andropogon virginicus
Aster dumosus
Baccharis halimifolia
Betula nigra
Bidens aristosa
Botrychium virginianum
Campsis radicans
Cardamine pensylvanicum
Carex crinita
Carex lurida
Carex scoparia
Carpinus caroliniana
Carya glabra
Carya tomentosa
Celtis laevigata
Cephalanthus occidentalis
Cercis canadensis
Chamaecrista fasciculata
Chimaphila maculatum
Cornus amomum
Cornus drummondii
Cornus Florida
Crataegus f ava
Cyperus strigosus
Daucus carota
Diospyros virginiana
Echinochloa crus-galli
Elaeagnus angustifolia
Erigeron sp.
Euonymus alatus
Euonymus americanus
Euonymus atropurpurea
Eupatorium capillifolium
APPENDIX B
Plant Species List
box elder
red maple
silver maple
mimosa
tag alder
ragweed
broomsedge
bushy aster
groundsel
river birch
tickseed sunflower
grape fern
trumpet vine
bittercress
fringed sedge
shallow sedge
pointed broom sedge
ironwood
sweet pignut hickory
mockernut hickory
hackberry
buttonbush
redbud
partridge pea
spotted wintergreen
silky dogwood
Drummond's dogwood
dogwood
yellow hawthorn
nut sedge
Queen Anne's lace
persimmon
barnyard grass
Russian olive
fleabane
burning bush
strawberry bush
eastern wahoo
dog fennel
Eupatorium perfoliatum common boneset
Fagus grandifolia American beech
Fraxinus pensylvanicum green ash
Grindelia squarrosa lance-leaf gumweed
Halesia tetraptera four-winged silverbell
Hedera helix English ivy
Hibiscus moscheutos swamp hibiscus
Ilex opaca American holly
Juglans nigra walnut
Juncus effusus soft rush
Juniperus virginiana eastern red cedar
Lagerstroemia indica crape myrtle
Lespedeza cuneata bushclover
Ligustrum sinense privet
Lindera benzoin spicebush
Liquidambar styraciflua sweetgum
Liriodendron tulipifera yellow poplar
Lonicera fragrantissima fragrant honeysuckle
Lycopus virginicus bugleweed
Microstegium vimineum Japanese knotgrass
Mikania scandens climbing hempweed
Nandina domestica nandina
Nyssa sylvatica black gum
Oenothera biennis evening primrose
Opuntia sp. prickly pear cactus
Oxydendrum arboreum sourwood
Panicum sp. panicum
Paspalum dilatatum dallis grass
Phytolacca americana pokeweed
Pinus taeda loblolly pine
Pinus virginiana Virginia pine
Plantago lanceolata lance-leaf plantain
Platanus occidentalis sycamore
Pluchea camphorata marsh fleabane
Polygonatum biorum Solomon's seal
Polygonum sp. smartweed
Polygonum virginianum jumpseed
Populus deltoides cottonwood
Prunus serotina black cherry
Pueraria lobata kudzu
Quercus alba white oak
Quercus falcata southern red oak
Quercus montana chestnut oak
Quercus pagoda cherrybark oak
Quercus phellos
Quercus rubra willow oak
northern red oak
Quercus stellata post oak
Rhus copallinum winged sumac
Rhus radicans poison ivy
Robinia pseudoacacia black locust
Rosa multiflora multiflowered rose
Rubus argutus blackberry
Rudbeckia laciniata cutleaf coneflower
Rumex crispus curly dock
Sagittaria latifolia wapato, duck potato
Salix nigra black willow
Salix sericea silky willow
Sambucus canadensis elderberry
Sassafras albidum sassafras
Scirpus cyperinus woodgrass
Scirpus validus soft-stem bulrush
Sesbania vesicaria bladderpod
Setaria sp. foxtail millet
Smilax bona-nox sawtooth catbriar
Smilax rotundifolia round leaf catbriar
Solidago canadensis Canada goldenrod
Sorghum halepense Johnson grass
Tilia americana basswood
Tipularia discolor cranefly orchid
•
Tsuga canadensis Canada hemlock
Typha latifolia cattail
Ulmus alata winged elm
Ulmus rubra red elm
Vernonia sp. ironweed
Viburnum prunifolium black haw
Vinca major large periwinkle
Vitis rotundifolia muscadine grape
Vitis sp. grape
0
•
APPENDIX C
Site Photographs
J
0

•
0
Photo 3. Open Canopy Oak-Hickory Woods (50 years).
Photo 4. Closed Canopy Oak-Hickory Woods (30-50 years).
•
Photo 5. Closed Canopy Oak-Hickory Woods (30-50 years) with dirt access road.
•
0
Photo 6. Stream and Riparian Forest.
•
•
0
Photo 7. Semi-Permanent Impounded Wetlands.
Photo 8. Semi-Permanent Impounded Wetlands.
1•-
eOS stem
PROGRAM
September 25, 2008
Ike Reeves
Charlotte-Douglas International Airport
P.O. Box 19066
Charlotte, NC 28219 Expiration of Acceptance: June 25, 2009
Project: Wilkinson Blvd. Parking Decks County: Mecklenburg
The purpose of this letter is to notify you that the North Carolina Ecosystem Enhancement Program (NCEEP) is willing to accept
payment for impacts associated with the above referenced project. Please note that this decision does not assure that the payment will
be approved by the permit issuing agencies as mitigation for project impacts. It is the responsibility of the applicant to contact these
agencies to determine if payment to the NCEEP will be approved.
This acceptance is valid for six months from the date of this letter and is not transferable. If we have not received a copy of the
issued 404 Permit/401 Certification/CAMA permit within this time frame, this acceptance will expire. It is the applicant's
responsibility to send copies of the permits to NCEEP. Once NCEEP receives a copy of the permit(s) an invoice will be issued based
on the required mitigation in that permit and payment must be made prior to conducting the authorized work. The amount of the In
Lieu Fee to be paid to NCEEP by an applicant is calculated based upon the Fee Schedule and policies listed at www.nceep.net.
Based on the information supplied by you the impacts that may require compensatory mitigation are summarized in the following
table.
• River
Basin CU
Location Stream (feet) Wetlands (acres) Buffer I
(Sq. Ft.) Buffer II
(Sq. Ft.)
Cold Cool Warm _Riparian Non-Riparian Coastal Marsh
Impacts Catawba 03050103 0 0 2395 3.035 0 0 0 0
Credits 03050103 Expanded
Service Area 0 0 4790 6.07 0 0 0 0
Upon receipt of payment, EEP will take responsibility for providing the compensatory mitigation. If the regulatory agencies require
mitigation credits greater than indicated above, and the applicant wants NCEEP to be responsible for the additional mitigation, the
applicant will need to submit a mitigation request to NCEEP for approval prior to permit issuance. The mitigation will be performed
in accordance with the Memorandum of Understanding between the N. C. Department of Environment and Natural Resources
and the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers dated November 4, 1998 and consistent with the Guidance for Expanded Service Area
for Mitigating Impacts within the Lower Catawba River Basin adopted by the PACG-TC on September 12, 2006.
If you have any questions or need additional information, please contact Valerie Mitchener at [phone].
Sincerely, (Q?
?U
William D. Gilmore, PE
Director
cc: Cyndi Karoly, NCDWQ Wetlands/401 Unit
Amanda Jones, USACE-Asheville
Alan Jojhnson, NCDWQ-Mooresville
Gregg Antemann, agent
File
tOYl f ... ... Prot" Ow Stat& ZMENR
North Carolina Ecosystem Enhancement Program, 1652 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, NC 27699-1652 / 919-715-0476 / www.nceep.net