20080675 Ver 2_More Info Received_20081112

b8 - o U'1 S V 2.
CLEARWATER ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS, INC.
November 10, 2008
Mr. Ian McMillan
NC Division of Water Quality
401 Oversight/Express Review Permitting Unit
1650 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, North Carolina 27699
9 QL_5 9 0 W
NOV 12 2008
RE: Ammons Mountain Properties, Inc. DEws-wATERCWATER
WETLANDS AND STORMWATER BRANCH
Traditions Subdivision - Pond Monitoring
Madison County, North Carolina
Corps Action ID: 2008-2246; DWQ Project # 08-0675
Mr. McMillan,
Please reference the Individual Permit application dated July 30, 2008 submitted by C1earWater
Environmental Consultants, Inc. (CEC) on behalf of Mr. Justus Ammons of Ammons Mountain
Properties, Inc. (the applicant). The applicant is currently developing a low-density development
to be known as Traditions near Mars Hill in Madison County, North Carolina. As a part of the
development plan, the applicant has proposed a small on-line pond in the northern portion of the
property. At the request of the NC Division of Water Quality (DWQ) and in accordance with the
"Predictability Study Protocol for Sampling Reference Impoundments - DRAFT" dated
February 28, 2008, CEC submitted the final "Water Quality Monitoring and Sampling Protocol
for Referenced Impoundments" on April 28, 2008 (Attachment A); the preliminary plan was
approved by Ms. Susan Gale via email on April 14, 2008 (Attachment B).
The applicant and CEC, with guidance from the DWQ, developed a monitoring plan to evaluate
water quality standards in two impoundments located in the Southern Crystalline Ridges and
Mountains ecoregion of North Carolina. CEC chose two ponds, comparable in size, location,
and character, and conducted sampling in accordance with the approved plan. The sampling
provides data that can be used as a comparison, as well as, offer guidance for construction at the
proposed pond within the Traditions development. Methods, collected data, and an explanation
of CEC's findings are discussed below.
Proposed Pond
Traditions is located near Mars Hill in Madison County, North Carolina. The development will
be approximately 400 acres and will consist of approximately 200 residential lots and a 0.75-acre
on-line pond. The watershed draining to the proposed pond is approximately 45 acres. As
proposed, the pond will impound an unnamed tributary to Crooked Creek and have a cold-water
release discharge mechanism. Crooked Creek is classified as a Class "WS-II; HQW" water by
the DWQ.
718 Oakland Street
Hendersonville, North Carolina 28791
Phone: [phone] Fax: [phone]
www.cwenv.com
Study Ponds
The Adams Pond is located approximately 0.75 miles northeast of the proposed Traditions
subdivision in Madison County, North Carolina. This pond has a surface area less than 2 acres
with a 130-acre watershed, has a cold-water release discharge mechanism, and impounds an
unnamed tributary to Crooked Creek. Crooked Creek is classified as a Class "WS-II; HQW"
water by the DWQ.
The Casey Pond is located approximately 0.65 miles northeast of the proposed Traditions
subdivision in Madison County, North Carolina. This pond has a surface area less than 1 acre
with a 25-acre watershed, has a top-water release discharge mechanism, and impounds an
unnamed tributary to Crooked Creek. Crooked Creek is classified as a Class "WS-II; HQW"
water by the DWQ.
A vicinity map and USGS topographic map for each site has been included for review (Figures
1-2). The following table summarizes the above information:
Proposed Pond Adams Pond Case Pond
Pond Size acres 0.75 <2 <1
Watershed Size (acres) 45 130 25

Ecoregion Southern Crystalline
Ridges and
Mountains Southern Crystalline
Ridges and
Mountains Southern
Crystalline Ridges
and Mountains
Water Release cold-water cold-water top-water
Impounded Stream UT to Crooked
Creek UT to Crooked
Creek UT to Crooked
Creek
Stream Classification WS-II; HQW WS-II; HQW WS-11; HQW
Water Quality Sampling Locations
Sampling as outlined in the approved plan began on May 6, 2008 and concluded on September
23, 2008. At each impoundment, six sampling stations were identified. A summary of the
general locations of the sampling stations is as follows:
• Station 1 was located upstream of the impoundment in the flowing (lotic) stream reach
and samples were taken near the water surface;
• Stations 2, 3, and 4 were evenly spaced across the centerline of the reference
impoundment (lentic) and samples were taken from within 0.1 meter of the water surface
and at 1.0 meter intervals to the pond bottom;
• Station 5 was located downstream and within 200 linear feet of the impoundment outfall
in the flowing (lotic) stream reach and samples were taken near the water surface; and
• Station 6 was located downstream and between 200 and 500 linear feet of the
impoundment outfall in the flowing (lotic) stream reach and samples were taken near the
water surface.
2
Water Quality Sampling Parameters
Six water quality sampling stations were established at the two reference ponds as described
above. Water samples were taken every other week during the growing season from May 6,
2008 through September 23, 2008, yielding 11 sample sets. Samples were divided into lotic
samples which include the samples and measurements taken at Stations 1, 5, and 6; and lentic
samples which include samples and measurements taken at Stations 2, 3, and 4. The type of
sample or measurement taken (field or grab) and parameters measured are outlined below.
• Lotic Samples (Stations 1, 5, and 6)
o Field Measurements (taken near the surface)
¦ temperature
¦ dissolved oxygen (% and mg/1)
¦ pH
¦ specific conductance
o Grab Samples (taken near the surface at/near the thalweg)
¦ nutrients (total phosphorous, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, ammonia [NH3],
nitrate + nitrite [NO2+NO31, chlorophyll-a)
¦ total suspended solids (total suspended residue)
¦ turbidity
¦ fecal coliform
• Lentic Samples (Stations 2, 3, and 4)
o Field Measurements (taken O.lm below the surface and at lm intervals to the
pond bottom)
¦ temperature
¦ dissolved oxygen (% and mg/1)
¦ pH
¦ specific conductance
o Field Measurement (1 measurement reported at each sample location)
¦ Secchi depth transparency - reported value as the average of two
measurements
o Grab Samples (taken O.lm below the surface)
¦ fecal coliform
o Grab Samples Using a LabLine (taken as spatial composites of the photic zone,
defined as twice the Secchi depth)
¦ nutrients (total phosphorous, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, ammonia [NHA
nitrate + nitrite [NO2+NO31, chlorophyll-a)
¦ total suspended solids (total suspended residue)
¦ turbidity
3
Water Quality Sampling Results and Discussion
Each parameter was monitored at each station from May 6, 2008 through September 23, 2008.
Each parameter and a summary of monitoring data are indicated in this section; however, a
compiled table including all data for all parameters is enclosed for review (Attachment C).
Acceptable ranges of water quality parameters are defined by the DWQ and are based on a
tributary's surface water classification. The evaluated tributaries and their surface water
classifications can be found in the respective table illustrated under the "Study Ponds" section of
this letter. Surface water classifications present in this study include Class "WS-II" and "HQW"
waters.
Class "WS-II" waters are waters that are protected as water supplies, which are generally in
predominately undeveloped watersheds. Class "WS-I1" waters are suitable for all Class "C"
uses.
Class "C" waters are those waters protected for secondary recreation, fishing, wildlife, fish and
aquatic life propagation and survival, agriculture and other uses suitable for Class "C" waters.
Secondary recreation includes wading, boating, and other uses involving human body contact
with water where such activities take place in an infrequent, unorganized, or incidental manner.
High Quality Waters (HQW) is a supplemental classification intended to protect waters with
quality higher than state water quality standards. HQW are waters, which are rated as excellent
based on biological, physical, and chemical characteristics.
The water quality standards for all fresh surface waters, regardless of classification, are the basic
standards applicable to Class "C" waters. Standards associated with Class "C" waters, along
with additional and more stringent standards applicable to other specific freshwater
classifications are specified in NC Administrative Code 15A NCAC 0213.0100, .0200, & .0300,
also known as the "Redbook".
A review of the "Redbook" for standards related to water temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO),
pH, turbidity, chlorophyll-a, and fecal coliform for waters classified as "WS-I1; HQW", yielded
no additional standards or requirements other than those listed for Class "C" waters. Total
phosphorus, total nitrogen, ammonia, nitrate+nitrite, total suspended solids (total suspended
residue), and conductivity are not listed as parameters with state water quality standards in the
"Redbook".
Total Phosphorus
Phosphorus is one of the key elements necessary for growth of plants and animals. Phosphorus
in elemental form is very toxic and is subject to bioaccumulation. Phosphates are formed from
this element. Phosphates exist in three forms; the sum of all phosphorus forms is termed total
phosphorus. Phosphates are found in raw sewage and animal waste, detergents, fertilizers, and
organic pesticides. They may exist in solution, as particles, as loose fragments, or in the bodies
of aquatic organisms.
4
Rainfall can cause varying amounts of phosphates to wash from farm soils or fertilized lawns
into nearby waterways. Phosphate will stimulate the growth of plankton and aquatic plants,
which provide food for aquatic life. This increased growth may cause an increase in the fish
population and improve the overall water quality. However, if an excess of phosphate enters the
waterway, algae and aquatic plants will grow wildly, choke up the waterway and use up large
amounts of oxygen causing eutrophication. The rapid growth of aquatic vegetation can cause the
death and decay of vegetation and aquatic life because of the decrease in dissolved oxygen levels
(Kentucky Water Watch).
A summary of total phosphorus sampling results for each of the six locations at the Adams Pond
and the Casey Pond are listed below.
Phosphorus ran es from rab samples m
Station 1 Station 2 Station 3 Station 4 Station 5 Station 6
A High 1.1 0.43 ND 0.15 10.4 8
dams
Pond Low ND ND ND ND 0.17 0.18
Avg 0.36 0.13 0.10 0.10 2.74 1.6
High 3.1 0.2 0.14 0.16 7.6 0.97
Casey
Pond
Low
ND
ND
ND
ND
0.29
0.17
Avg 1.18 0.12 0.11 0.12 2.44 0.61
Ti,4on-uectect nmtt ror pnospnorus is u.iu mg/i.
**To determine averages (avg), 0.10 mg/1 was substituted for ND.
General trends are noticeable in the data (Attachment C): total phosphorus levels increase when
comparing upstream (Station 1) and downstream (Stations 5 and 6) stations; and total
phosphorus levels decrease in pond stations (Stations 2, 3, and 4). The "Redbook" does not
include a description of state water quality standards or acceptable ranges for total phosphorus in
lotic or lentic systems; therefore, a conclusion as to whether these measurements would violate a
state water quality standard cannot be made.
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen, Ammonia, and Nitrate+Nitrite
Nitrogen is second only to phosphorus as an important nutrient for plant and algae growth. A
pond's nitrogen sources vary widely. Nitrogen compounds often exceed 0.5 mg/1 in rainfall, so
precipitation may be the main nitrogen source for some impoundments. In most cases, however,
the amount of nitrogen in pond water corresponds to local land use. Nitrogen may come from
fertilizer and animal wastes on agricultural lands, human waste from sewage treatment plants or
septic systems, and lawn fertilizers used on nearby property. Nitrogen may enter an
impoundment from surface runoff or groundwater sources.
Nitrogen exists in ponds in several forms. Analysis usually includes nitrate+nitrite, ammonia,
and organic nitrogen plus ammonia (Kjeldahl nitrogen).
Nitrogen does not occur naturally in soil minerals, but is a major component of all organic (plant
and animal) matter. Decomposing organic matter releases ammonia, which is converted to
nitrate if oxygen is present. This conversion occurs more rapidly at higher water temperatures.
All inorganic forms of nitrogen (ammonia, nitrate, and nitrite) can be used by aquatic plants and
algae (Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources).
5
A summary of total Kjeldahl nitrogen, ammonia, and nitrate+nitrite sampling results for each of
the six locations at the Adams Pond and the Casey Pond are listed below.
Total Kjeldahl Nitro en ran es from grab sample (mg/1).
Station 1 Station 2 Station 3 Station 4 Station 5 Station 6
High 4.2 2.1 1.7 1.8 9.9 46.3
Adams
Pond Low ND ND ND ND ND ND
Avg 1.84 1.28 0.90 0.86 4.29 10.45
High 47.5 6.1 2.7 2.2 12.2 6.3
Casey
Pond Low ND 0.59 ND ND 1.7 0.9
Avg 8.49 1.82 1.46 1.43 6.27 2.64
*Non-dectect limit for total Kjeldahl nitrogen is 0.5 mg/l.
**To determine averages (avg), 0.5 mg/I was substituted for ND.
Ammonia ranges from ab samples ( g/1).
Station 1 Station 2 Station 3 Station 4 Station 5 Station 6
A High 0.14 ND 0.15 ND 0.19 0.75
dams
Pond Low ND ND ND ND ND ND
Avg 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.11 0.16
High 0.23 0.36 0.30 0.34 0.72 ND
Casey
Pond
Low
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
Avg 0.11 0.13 0.12 0.12 0.16 0.10
*Non-dectect limit for ammonia is 0.10 mg/l.
**To determine averages (avg), 0.10 mg/1 was substituted for ND.
Nitrate+Nitrite ranges from grab sam les m
Station 1 Station 2 Station 3 Station 4 Station 5 Station 6
Ad High 0.30 0.11 ND ND 0.44 0.33
ams
Pond Low ND ND ND ND ND ND
Avg 0.16 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.17 0.13

C High 0.48 0.10 0.19 0.11 0.86 0.28
asey
Pond
Low
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
Avg 0.17 0.10 0.11 0.10 0.23 0.14
*Non-dectect limit for nitrate+nitrate is 0.10 mg/l.
**To determine averages (avg), 0.10 mg/1 was substituted for ND.
General trends are noticeable in the data (Attachment C): total Kjeldahl nitrogen levels increase
when comparing upstream (Station 1) and downstream (Stations 5 and 6) stations; total Kjeldahl
nitrogen levels decrease at pond stations (Stations 2, 3, and 4); ammonia and nitrate+nitrite levels
are consistently low or at non-detectable levels at all stations. The "Redbook" does not include a
description of state water quality standards or acceptable ranges for total Kjeldahl nitrogrn,
ammonia, or nitrate+nitrite in lotic or lentic systems; therefore, a conclusion as to whether these
measurements would violate a state water quality standard can not be made.
6
Chloroph ly l-a
Chlorophyll is the green pigment in plants that allows them to photosynthesize. Chlorophyll-a is
a measure of the portion of these green pigments that are still actively respiring and
photosynthesizing at the time of sampling. Algae and phytoplankton are the common source of
chlorophyll-a in ponds.
Eutrophication occurs when human activity introduces increased nutrients, which speed up plant
growth and eventually choke the pond of all its animal life. In the process, the plants and algae
consume greater amounts of oxygen in the water limiting the amount of necessary oxygen for
fish and mollusks. These algal blooms are also aesthetically unpleasing to sight and smell (State
of Washington, Department of Ecology).
The DWQ indicates that for non-trout waters, chlorophyll-a should not be "greater than 40ug/1
for lakes, reservoirs, and other waters subject to growths of macroscopic or microscopic
vegetation."
A summary of chlorophyll-a sampling results for each of the six locations at the Adams Pond
and the Casey Pond are listed below.
Chloro h ll-a ran es from grab sam les u
Station 1 Station 2 Station 3 Station 4 Station 5 Station 6
A High 94.9 71.9 64.6 91.3 198 176
dams
Pond Low 2.42 6.92 4.49 9.99 12.3 18.5
Avg 36.3 30.2 28.7 30.5 69.8 64.8

C High 553 330 358 286 86.7 30.8
asey
Pond
Low
10.8
25.2
28.8
28.3
12.3
5.73
Avg 132 121.7 106.5 112.2 30.11 21.70
•-Hverage kavg)
At the Casey Pond, 4 of 10 upstream samples (Station 1), 5 of 30 pond samples (Stations 2, 3,
and 4), and 19 of 20 downstream samples (Stations 5 and 6) meet state standards. The
percentage of chlorophyll-a measurements that met state standards improved when comparing
upstream (40%) and downstream (95%) stations. State standards were met at pond stations a
only 16% of the time.
At Adams Pond, 9 of 10 upstream samples (Station 1), 21 of 30 pond samples (Stations 2, 3, and
4), and 11 of 19 downstream samples (Stations 5 and 6) met state standards. The percentage of
chlorophyll-a measurements that met state standards worsened when comparing upstream (90%)
and downstream (58%) stations; however, state standards were met a majority of the time at
upstream and downstream stations. State standards were met at pond stations (Stations 2, 3, and
4) a majority (70%) of the time.
High chlorophyll-a counts can be attributed to resultant nutrient run-off from surrounding land
use. For example, pastures and free ranging cattle exists above the Adams Pond. The presence
of cattle increases the amount of nutrients in the stream causing increased algal growth and in
turn increase chlorophyll-a levels.
7
Based on these sets of data, it cannot be concluded that ponds improve (in the case of the Casey
Pond) or worsen (in the case of the Adams Pond) water quality with regards to chlorophyll-a
when comparing upstream and downstream stations (Station 1 and Stations 5 and 6).
Total Suspended Solids (Total Suspended Residue)
Total Suspended Solids (TSS) are solids in water that can be trapped by a filter. TSS can include
a wide variety of material, such as silt, decaying plant and animal matter, industrial wastes, and
sewage. High concentrations of suspended solids can cause many problems for stream health
and aquatic life. High TSS can block light from reaching submerged vegetation. High TSS can
also cause an increase in surface water temperature, because the suspended particles absorb heat
from sunlight. The decrease in water clarity caused by TSS can affect the ability of fish to see
and catch food. High TSS in a water body can often mean higher concentrations of bacteria,
nutrients, pesticides, and metals in the water. These pollutants may attach to sediment particles
on the land and be carried into water bodies with stormwater. In the water, the pollutants may be
released from the sediment or travel farther downstream (Federal Interagency Stream Restoration
Working Group).
A summary of TSS sampling results for each of the six locations at the Adams Pond and the
Casey Pond are listed below.
TSS ranges from grab samples u
Station 1 Station 2 Station 3 Station 4 Station 5 Station 6
Ad High 8700 37.8 21.7 35.2 7290 7040
ams
Pond Low 3.3 6.7 6.3 4.8 54 6
Avg 1383.7 16.2 12.4 13.3 2180 2143.4

C High 13100 111 309 66.7 5300 3360
asey
Pond
Low
104
8.2
8.2
8.9
97
23
Avg 2579.5 33.4 49.5 31.0 2546.4 801.5
Average (avg)
The Adams Pond and Casey Pond impound small first order tributaries. Depths of water in both
tributaries never exceeded 0.5 inch. Because of the shallow depth of water in the tributaries and
the size of the sample containers, the simple act of pushing the sample bottle into the water
caused particles and fines to suspend and collect in the bottle. It is the opinion of CEC that TSS
readings are falsely high because of that fact. More accurate TSS readings would be attainable
on higher order tributaries with a greater depth. The "Redbook" does not include a description
of state water quality standards or acceptable ranges for TSS in lotic or lentic systems; therefore,
a conclusion as to whether these measurements would violate a state water quality standard can
not be made.
Turbidity
Turbidity refers to clarity of water in an organic system. The greater the amount of TSS in the
water, the murkier it appears and the higher the measured turbidity. The major source of turbidity
in most ponds is typically phytoplankton, clays and silts from shoreline erosion, and organic
detritus from stream and/or wastewater discharges.
8
High concentrations of particulate matter can modify light penetration, cause shallow ponds to
fill in faster, and smother benthic habitats by impacting both organisms and eggs. As particles of
silt, clay, and other organic materials settle to the bottom, they can suffocate newly hatched
larvae and fill in spaces between rocks which could have been used by aquatic organisms as
habitat. Fine particulate matter also can clog or damage sensitive gill structures, decrease an
aquatic organisms resistance to disease, prevent proper egg and larval development, and
potentially interfere with particle feeding activities. If light penetration is reduced significantly,
macrophyte growth may be decreased which would in turn impact the organisms dependent upon
them for food and cover. Reduced photosynthesis can also result in a lower daytime release of
oxygen into the water. Very high levels of turbidity for a short period of time may not be
significant and may even be less of a problem than a lower level that persists longer.
(http://lakeaccess.org)
The DWQ indicates that for non trout waters, turbidity should not "exceed 50 Nephelometric
Turbidity Units (NTU)."
A summary of turbidity measurements for each of the six locations at the Adams Pond and the
Casey Pond are listed below.
Turbidity ranges from grab samples T U).
Station 1 Station 2 Station 3 Station 4 Station 5 Station 6
High 160 20 13 12 2800 1900
Adams Low 4.3 4.2 4.8 4.2 5.5 1.5
Pond Avg 42.6 8.3 7.5 7.4 583 350.2
High 1350 16 17 18 1200 375
Casey Low ND 5.9 5 5.2 20 3.6
Pond Avg 316.4 11.1 10.3 12.3 233.5 80.3
TNOn-aectect mmit for tecal turbiuity is t N IU.
**To determine averages (avg), 1 NTU was substituted for ND.
At the Casey Pond, 7 of 11 upstream samples (Station 1), 33 of 33 pond samples (Stations 2, 3,
and 4), and 12 of 22 downstream samples (Stations 5 and 6) met state standards. The percentage
of turbidity measurements that met state standards worsened when comparing upstream (64%)
and downstream (55%) stations; however, state standards were met a majority of the time at
upstream and downstream stations. State standards were met at pond stations (Stations 2, 3, and
4) all (100%) of the time.
At the Adams Pond, 9 of 11 upstream samples (Station 1), 33 of 33 pond samples (Stations 2, 3,
and 4) met state standards, and 12 of 22 downstream samples (Stations 5 and 6) met state
standards. The percentage of turbidity measurements that met state standards worsened when
comparing upstream (82%) and downstream (55%) stations; however, state standards were met a
majority of the time at upstream and downstream stations. State standards were met at pond
stations (Stations 2, 3, and 4) all (100%) of the time.
9
The Adams Pond and Casey Pond impound small first order tributaries. Depths of water in both
tributaries never exceeded 0.5 inch. Because of the shallow depth of water in the tributaries and
the size of the sample containers, the simple act of pushing the sample bottle into the water
caused particles and fines to suspend and collect in the bottle. It is the opinion of CEC that
turbidity readings are falsely high because of that fact. More accurate turbidity readings would
be attainable on higher order tributaries with a greater depth.
Based on these sets of data and unavoidable sampling error, it cannot be confirmed or denied that
ponds have an affect on water quality with regards to turbidity when comparing upstream and
downstream stations (Station 1 and Stations 5 and 6); however, state standards were met a
majority of the time at all upstream and downstream stations.
Fecal Coliform
Total coliform bacteria are a collection of relatively harmless microorganisms that live in large
numbers in the intestine of warm-blooded and cold-blooded animals and aid in food digestion.
Fecal coliform is a specific subgroup of this collection and may be separated from the total
colifrom group by their ability to grow at elevated temperatures and are associated only with the
fecal material of warm-blooded animals.
The presence of fecal coliform bacteria in aquatic environments indicates that the water has been
contaminated with the fecal material of man or other animals. Fecal contamination is an
indicator that a potential health risk exists for individuals exposed to this water (Kentucky Water
Watch).
The DWQ indicates that for non trout waters, fecal coliform should not "exceed a geometric
mean of 200/100ml (MF count) based upon at least five consecutive samples during any 30 day
period, nor exceed 400/100m1 in more than 20 percent of the samples examined during such
period." Because the approved plan did not call for samples on consecutive days, CEC
determined fecal coliform counts above acceptable levels if values were greater than 200
CFU/100 ml.
A summary of fecal coliform sampling results for each of the six locations at the Adams Pond
and the Casey Pond are listed below.
Fecal Coliform ran es from grab sam les CFU/100 ml).
Station 1 Station 2 Station 3 Station 4 Station 5 Station 6
Adams Hi h 6000 600 560 580 6000 6000
Pond Low 136 29 24 9 20 14
Avg 1187.5 113.3 113.9 160.6 1135.5 879.6
Case -High 12000 560 600 600 7400 6000
y
Pond Low 84 3 3 4 37 117
Avg 2271.6 71.4 95.9 81.4 2334 981.4
**To determine averages (avg), 1 CFU/100 ml was substituted for ND.
10
At the Casey Pond, 2 of 11 upstream samples (Station 1), 29 of 33 pond samples (Stations 2, 3,
and 4), and 3 of 22 downstream samples (Stations 5 and 6) met state standards. The percentage
of fecal coliform measurements that met state standards worsened when comparing upstream
(18%) and downstream (14%) stations. State standards were met at pond stations (Stations 2, 3,
and 4) a majority (88%) of the time.
At the Adams Pond, 1 of 11 upstream samples (Station 1), 27 of 33 pond samples (Stations 2, 3,
and 4), and 10 of 22 downstream samples (Stations 5 and 6) met state standards. The percentage
of fecal coliform measurements that met state standards improved when comparing upstream
(9%) and downstream (45%) stations. State standards were met at pond stations (Stations 2, 3,
and 4) a majority (82%) of the time.
High fecal coliform counts for the Adams Pond can be attributed to free range cattle upstream of
the sampling sites.
Based on these sets of data, it cannot be concluded that ponds improve (in the case of the Adams
Pond) or worsen (in the case of the Casey Pond) water quality with regards to fecal coliform
when comparing upstream and downstream stations (Station 1 and Stations 5 and 6).
Water Temperature
Temperature is a critical water quality and environmental parameter because it governs the kinds
and types of aquatic life in the water body, regulates the maximum dissolved oxygen
concentration of the water, and influences the rate of chemical and biological reactions.
Organisms within an ecosystem have preferred temperature regimes that change as a function of
season, organism age or life stage, and environmental factors. With respect to chemical and
biological reactions, the higher the water temperature the higher the rate of chemical and
metabolic reactions (Wilkes University Center for Environmental Quality).
The DWQ indicates that temperature is "not to exceed 2.8 degrees C (5.04 degrees F) above the
natural water temperature and in no case to exceed 29 degrees C (84.2 degrees F) for mountain
and upper piedmont waters".
A summary of temperature measurement for each of the six locations at the Adams Pond and the
Casey Pond are listed below.
Temperature ran es based on in-field measurements.
Station 1 Stations 2-4 Stations 2-4 Stations 2-4 Stations 2-4 Station 5 Station 6
(0.1m) (0.1m) (0.1-1m) (1.1-2m) (2.1-3m) (0.1m) (0.1m)
High 22.85 27.03 27.18 26.55 24.26 17.75 21.7
Adams Low 14.26 18.4 18.29 17.01 14.82 15.4 14.89
Pond Avg 17.2 22.97 22.76 22.14 20.26 16.67 18.6
High 16.31 25.74 24.92 24.73 21.1 17.73
Casey Low 12.82 17.82 17.03 16.41 20.92* 13.71 12.92
Pond Av 14.83 22.75 21.78 21.24 16.24 15.55
vu?y -1 ""IFw 1.V11--U 1V] UIIJ JI 1-1 UOFIIII.
** Average (avg).
At the Adams Pond, pond stations (Stations 2, 3, and 4) represent the temperatures present within
the body of the pond. Average temperature in the Adams Pond at the surface for the dates
recorded is 22.97°C. Average temperature upstream of the impoundment for the dates recorded
is 17.20°C. When comparing average upstream temperatures with average in-pond temperatures,
this yields a change in temperature of 5.77C. Average downstream (Station 5) water
temperature for the dates recorded is 16.67°C; this is 0.53°C cooler than average water
temperature upstream of the pond. The Adams Pond does have a cold-water release discharge
mechanism. The water temperature does not exceed the maximum (29°C) listed in the water
quality standards for Class "C" waters at any stations on any date. Although temperatures at
Station 1 and Station 5 do not exceed water quality standards, the change of temperature from
Station 1 to Station 5 exceeds the 2.8°C maximum listed for change "above the natural water
temperature" on two occasions (7/17/2008 and 9/23/2008); however, temperature changes met
state standards the majority (82%) of the time. For this study, CEC considered the water
temperature measured at Station 1 to be "natural".
At the Casey Pond, pond stations (Stations 2, 3, and 4) represent the temperatures present within
the body of the pond. Average temperature in the Casey Pond at the surface for the dates
recorded is 22.75°C. Average temperature upstream of the impoundment for the dates recorded
is 14.83°C. When comparing average upstream temperatures with average in-pond temperatures,
this yields a change in temperature of 7.92°C. Average downstream (Station 5) water
temperature for the dates recorded is 16.24°C; this is 1.41'C warmer than average water
temperature upstream of the pond. The Casey Pond does not have a cold-water release discharge
mechanism. The water temperature does not exceed the maximum (29°C) listed in the water
quality standards for Class "C" waters at any stations on any date. Although temperatures at
Station 1 and Station 5 do not exceed water quality standards, the change of temperature from
Station 1 to Station 5 exceeds the 2.8°C maximum listed for change "above the natural water
temperature" on one occasion (5/6/2008); however, temperature changes met state standards the
majority (91%) of the time. For this study, CEC considered the water temperature measured at
Station 1 to be "natural".
Based on these sets of data, it can be concluded that ponds with a cold-water release mechanism
(Adams Pond) prevent outfall water temperatures from rising and ponds without a cold-water
release mechanism (Casey Pond) can cause outfall water to warm.
Conductivity
Conductivity is a measurement of the ability of the water to carry an electrical current.
Conductivity also estimates the amount of total dissolved salts, or the total amount of dissolved
ions in the water. Conductivity is influenced by geology, watershed size, evaporation, bacterial
metabolism, and other sources. Other sources include wastewater, urban runoff, agricultural
runoff, and atmospheric inputs. Abrupt changes in conductivity may indicate that water or
wastes are being diverted into the stream or pond from a new source.
A summary of conductivity measurements for each of the six locations at the Adams Pond and
the Casey Pond are listed below.
12
Conductivity
ran es based on in-field measurements.
Station I Stations 2-4 Stations 2-4 Stations 2-4 Stations 2-4 Station 5 Station 6
(0.1m) (0.1m) (0.1-1m) (1.1-2m) (2.1-3m) (0.1m) (0.1m)
High 0.137 0.086 0.086 0.085 0.108 0.182 0.144
Adams Low 0.025 0.067 0.069 0.069 0.069 0.088 0.121
Pond Avg 0.116 0.076 0.076 0.074 0.078 0.139 0.132
High 0.133 0.090 0.092 0.186 0.137 0.125
Casey Low 0.002 0.075 0.075 0.075 0.075* 0 0
Pond Avg 0.107 0.084 0.086 0.101 0.096 0.091
-umy one sample conectea for tms station aeptn.
General trends are noticeable in the data (Attachment C): conductivity levels are consistent
when comparing all stream measurements or all pond measurements. The "Redbook" does not
include a description of state water quality standards or acceptable ranges for conductivity in
lotic or lentic systems; therefore, a conclusion as to whether these measurements would violate a
state water quality standard can not be made.
Dissolved Oxygen (DO)
DO is the form of oxygen in water that is freely available to aquatic plants and animals. DO is
vital to fish and other aquatic life and for the prevention of odors. Oxygen is transferred from
the atmosphere into the surface waters at the point of contact where the surface of the water
interfaces with air. Once dissolved in water, oxygen diffuses throughout a water body very
slowly since distribution depends on the movement of aerated water by turbulence and currents,
water flow, and thermal upwelling.
DO would be higher at the pond surface because the pond has a larger surface area and area of
interface when compared to low gradient or slow moving streams. During the summer months, a
process called thermal stratification occurs in many ponds. The water stratifies, or separates,
into two layers: a warm surface layer that is relatively rich in DO and a colder bottom layer. The
oxygen in the lower layer is gradually used up as organic material, which is washed into the pond
when it rains or is discharged from sewage treatment plants, industries, or other sources settles to
the bottom and decays. Because of the temperature difference, the two layers of water do not
mix. As a result, the oxygen in the lower layer is not replaced. By the end of the summer,
oxygen supplies near the bottom can be entirely depleted.
Traditionally, the level of DO has been accepted as the single most important indicator of a water
body's ability to support desirable aquatic life. The amount of oxygen required varies according
to species and the life stage of that species. Usually, DO levels of 5.0 to 6.0 milligram per liter
(mg/1) are required for growth and activity. DO levels below 3.0 mg/1 are stressful to most
aquatic organisms. When levels fall below 2.0 mg/1 for an extended period of time, most fish
will not survive. Oxygen is a particularly sensitive constituent because its availability during
different times of day and different times of year is influenced by temperature, other chemicals
present in the water, and biological processes. Temperature plays a major role in influencing the
amount of DO in water; cold water has the ability to contain more oxygen than warm water
(Texas State University; River Systems Institute).
13
The DWQ indicates that for non trout waters, DO should not be "less than a daily average of 5.0
mg/1 with a minimum instantaneous value of not less than 4.0 mg/1".
A summary of DO measurements for each of the six locations at the Adams Pond and the Casey
Pond are listed below.
Dissolved O en range s based on in-field measurements m
Station 1 Stations 2-4 Stations 2-4 Stations 2-4 Stations 2-4 Station 5 Station 6
(0.1m) (0.1m) (0.1-1m) (L1-2m) (2.1-3m (0.1m) (0.1m)

Ad High 9.13 8.76 8.77 8.44 8.25 8.04 8.21
ams
Pond
Low
0.9
6.55
6.48
2.52
1.57
0.33
3.75
Avg 7.06 7.35 7.27 6.52 4.92 2.6 6.02
High 8.47 9.6 9.54 9.25 8.23 8.88
Casey
Pond Low 0.37 2.55 1.64 0.4 *
6.71 0.8 5.64
Avg 6.19 7.54 6.59 4.28 5.92 6.99
*Only one sample collected for this station depth.
At the Casey Pond, 10 of 11 upstream samples (Station 1), 80 of 100 pond samples (Stations 2,
3, and 4), and 21 of 22 downstream samples (Stations 5 and 6) met state standards. The
percentage of DO measurements that met state standards improved when comparing upstream
(91%) and downstream (95%) stations. State standards were met at pond stations (Stations 2, 3,
and 4) a majority (80%) of the time.
At the Adams Pond, 10 of 11 upstream samples (Station 1), 107 of 114 pond samples (Stations 2,
3, and 4), and 12 of 22 downstream samples (Stations 5 and 6) met state standards. The
percentage of DO measurements that met state standards worsened when comparing upstream
(91%) and downstream (54%) stations. State standards were met at pond stations (Stations 2, 3,
and 4) a majority (94%) of the time.
The water in the channel downstream of the Adams Pond had very little velocity. Slow moving
or stagnant water has less DO than fast moving, flowing water; this may be the cause of
decreased DO levels at downstream stations (Stations 5 and 6). Additionally, DO levels decrease
when water depths increase, this is a natural occurrence in lakes and ponds; and explains the
reason why some pond station do not meet state standards.
Based on these sets of data and assuming that stagnant channel water caused decreased DO
levels at the Adams Pond downstream stations (Stations 5 and 6), it can be concluded that ponds
have a minimal affect on water quality with regards to DO when comparing upstream and
downstream stations (Station 1 and Stations 5 and 6).
14
pH
Water pH is an indication of the water's acidity measurements on a scale of 1.0 to 14.0, with a
pH of 7.0 considered neutral. A range of pH from 6.5 to 8.2 is optimal for most organisms.
Generally, an aquatic organism's ability to complete a life cycle greatly diminishes as pH
becomes greater than 9.0 or less than 5.0. Rapidly growing algae and submerged aquatic
vegetation remove carbon dioxide from the water during photosynthesis. This can result in
significant increases in pH levels, which in turn can affect aquatic life indirectly by changing
other aspects of the water chemistry. For instance, toxic metals trapped in sediment are released
into the water at lower pH levels, and the level of ammonia that fish can tolerate varies
tremendously within a small range of pH values. Human activities such as accidental spills,
agricultural runoff (pesticides, fertilizers, animal wastes), and sewer overflows may also change
pH (Texas State University; River Systems Institute).
The DWQ indicates that pH "shall be normal for the waters in the area, which generally shall
range between 6.0 and 9.0".
A summary of pH measurements for each of the six locations at the Adams Pond and the Casey
Pond are listed below.
H ranges based on in-field measurements.
Station 1 Stations 2-4 Stations 2-4 Stations 2-4 Stations 2-4 Station 5 Station 6
(0.1m) (0.1m) (0.1-1m) (1.1-2m) (2.1-3m (0.1m) (0.1m
Ad High 7.84 8.41 8.36 8.16 7.73 6.96 7.33
ams
Pond Low 6.81 7.07 7.05 6.92 6.72 6.24 6.69
Avg 7.39 7.69 7.74 7.53 7.25 6.66 6.99
High 7.38 9.54 9.44 8.44 7.6 7.48
Casey
Pond Low 6.44 6.63 6.72 6.37 7.38* 6.44 6.85
Avg 6.98 8.07 7.87 6.16 7.11 7.13
-vnry one sampie coneciea for ims station aeptn.
** Average (avg).
At the Casey Pond, 11 of 11 upstream samples (Station 1), 93 of 100 pond samples (Stations 2,
3, and 4), and 22 of 22 downstream samples (Stations 5 and 6) met state standards. The
percentage of pH measurements that met state standards did not change when comparing
upstream (100%) and downstream (100%) stations. State standards were met at pond stations
(Stations 2, 3, and 4) a majority (93%) of the time.
At the Adams Pond, 11 of 11 upstream samples (Station 1), 114 of 114 pond samples (Stations 2,
3, and 4) met state standards, and 22 of 22 downstream samples (Stations 5 and 6) met state
standards. The percentage of pH measurements that met state standards did not change when
comparing upstream (100%) and downstream (100%) stations. State standards were met at pond
stations (Stations 2, 3, and 4) all (100%) of the time.
Based on these sets of data, it can be concluded that ponds have a minimal affect on water
quality with regards to pH when comparing upstream and downstream stations (Station 1 and
Stations 5 and 6).
15
Summary and Recommendations
It is evident from the data collected that characteristics of water change within a pond setting;
however, if cannot be assumed that these changes constitute a decrease in water quality that
would be a violation of state water quality standards. How this change effects downstream water
quality depends on many factors including in-pond structures (i.e. cold-water release discharge
mechanism, aeration system) and landscape orientation.
CEC supports the proposal to construct a cold-water release discharge mechanism on the
proposed pond at Traditions. CEC feels that the pond proposed at Traditions will be consistent
with or an improvement over similar ponds in the area. The pond proposed at Traditions can be
constructed and managed in a way that the water quality of the stream which it impounds
complies with water quality standards set forth by the DWQ for Class "C" waters.
The Traditions requests that the DWQ consider all additional information and additional
measures provided by the applicant in determining the completeness of all associated
environmental reviews. The applicant is demonstrating a serious commitment and has gone
above and beyond to improve dam designs and water quality associated with the pond. The
Traditions respectfully requests the issuance of the 401 Water Quality Certification for the
specific activities proposed within jurisdictional waters.
Should DWQ have any questions regarding the matters addressed in this letter please do not
hesitate to contact me at [phone].
Sincerely,
Rebekah L. Newton R. Cement Riddle, P.W.S.
Project Biologist Principal
16
,yb
Y

800 m
a
2400 ft
?= - Approminate Site Location
Ammons Mountain Properties, Inc.
Pond Study
Madison County, North Carolina
NOV 1 2 2008
DENR - WATER QUALITY
WETLANDS AND STORWNATER BRANCH
CLEARWATER
Environmental Consultants, Inc.
718 Oakland Street
Hendersonville, NC 28791
828-698-9800
Traditions Site Vicinity Map
Figure 1

r
?-e I IZ ,
f }r
11? r?i ly f
Attachment A
Approved Sampling Plan
(dated April 28, 2008)
CLEARWATER ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS, INC.
April 28, 2008
Mr. Ian McMillan
NC Division of Water Quality
1650 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, North Carolina 27699
RE: Ammons Mountain Properties, Inc.
Pond Study
Madison County, North Carolina
Mr. McMillan,
C1earWater Environmental Consultants, Inc. (CEC) is submitting the enclosed revised
lake monitoring plan "Water Quality Monitoring and Sampling Protocol for Reference
Impoundments" that Susan Gale, NCDWQ approved on April 14, 2008 on behalf of Mr.
Justus Ammons of Ammons Mountain Properties, Inc (Ammons). Ammons is currently
developing a low-density subdivision near Mars Hill in Madison County, North Carolina.
As part of the development plan, Ammons will propose a small, on-line pond in the
northern portion of the property. Prior to permit application submittal for the pond,
Ammons would like to complete the predictability study outlined in the "Predictability
Study Protocol for Sampling Reference Impoundments - DRAFT" dated February 28,
2008. Data collection will begin on May 1, 2008.
Should you have any questions regarding the attached proposed plan and supplemental
information please do not hesitate to contact me at 828-698-9800. A copy of this plan
has also been sent to Mr. Kevin Barnett of the Asheville Regional Office.
Respectfully,
e 9 ?4?X
R. Clement Riddle, P.W.S
Principal
Copy furnished:
NC Division of Water Quality, Asheville - Kevin Barnett
718 Oakland Street
Hendersonville, North Carolina 28791
Phone: [phone] Fax: [phone]
www.cwenv.com
WATER QUALITY MONITORING AND SAMPLING PROTOCOL
FOR REFERENCE IMPOUNDMENTS
Prepared for:
Ammons Mountain Properties, Inc.
140 Ammons Drive
Raleigh, North Carolina 27615
Prepared by:
ClearWater Environmental Consultants, Inc.
718 Oakland Street
Hendersonville, North Carolina 28791
INTRODUCTION
The project applicant, Ammons Mountain Properties, LLC (Ammons), currently owns
approximately 400 acres near Mars Hill in Madison County, North Carolina. A vicinity map is
included for review (Figure 1). Ammons is proposing the development of a low-density residential
subdivision, known as Traditions, with approximately 200 lots, ranging from 1.08 to 4.21 acres.
Application has been made to the North Carolina Division of Water Quality (DWQ) and the US
Army Corps of Engineers (Corps) for impacts associated with subdivision infrastructure and
development. As a part of this development, Ammons would like to construct a small on-line pond
(approximately 0.75 acres) on the northern portion of the property. A pond location map is
included for review (Figure 2). Impacts associated with pond construction will be applied for upon
the conclusion and approval of the proposed predictability study. The proposed study outlined
below will be done in accordance with the North Carolina Division of Water Quality, Wetlands and
Stormwater Branch's "Predictability Study Protocol for Sampling Reference Impoundments -
DRAFT" (Protocol) dated February 28, 2008.
METHODOLOGY
Ammons and Clearwater Environmental Consultants, Inc. (CEC) developed this plan for
monitoring the water quality of two existing ponds meeting site selection requirements set forth in
the Protocol. The reference ponds shall:
• be located with the same 8-digit hydrologic unit code (HUC);
• be located within the same Level IV ecoregion;
• have a comparable design;
• be located in an area of similar land use and comparable vegetated buffer;
• have comparable character;
• be impounded on the same or similar stream order;
• have a similar drainage area; and
• have a similar retention time.
The two reference ponds, labeled as Adams Pond and Casey Pond, are indicated on the pond
location map, which is included for review (Figure 2). The following table summarizes the
characteristics of the proposed pond and reference ponds.
Proposed Pond Adams Pond Robinson Pond
HUC 06010105 06010105 0
05
Ecoregion Southern Crystalline
Ridges and Mountains Southern Crystalline
Ridges and Mountains fo
Southrystalline
Ridges untains
Design Bottom Release To be determined To be determined
Land Use Residential Forested/Residential Forested
Character 0.75 acres surface area < 2 acres surface area < 1 acres surface area
Stream Order First First First
Drainage Area 45 acres 130 acres 25 acres
Retention
Time
unknown
unknown
unknown
Sampling as outlined in the Protocol will begin May 1, 2008 at the two reference sites. At each
impoundment, six sampling stations have been identified. During the first sample, latitude and
longitude of each station will be taken for use with topographic maps or GIS data. A summary of
the general locations of the sampling stations is as follows:
• Station 1 will be located upstream of the impoundment in the flowing (lotic) stream reach;
• Stations 2, 3, and 4 will be evenly spaced across the centerline of the reference
impoundment (lentic);
• Station 5 will be located downstream and within 200 linear feet of the impoundment outfall
in the flowing (lotic) stream reach; and
• Station 6 will be located downstream and between 200 and 500 linear feet of the
impoundment outfall in the flowing (lotic) stream reach.
SAMPLING
Six water quality sampling stations will be established at the two reference ponds as described
above. Water samples will be taken every other week during the growing season from May 1
through September 30, yielding 11 sample sets. Samples are divided into lotic samples which
include the samples and measurements taken at Stations 1, 5, and 6; and lentic samples which
include samples and measurements taken at Stations 2, 3, and 4. Field measurements and grab
sample results will be recorded on data sheets taken from the DWQ's "Intensive Survey Unit
Standard Operating Procedures". The type of sample or measurement taken (field or grab) and
parameters measured are outlined below.
• Lotic Samples (Stations 1, 5, and 6)
o Field Measurements (taken 0.1m below the surface)
• temperature
• dissolved oxygen (% and mg/1)
¦ pH
• specific conductance
o Grab Samples (taken 0.1m below the surface at/near the thalweg)
• nutrients (total phosphorous, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, ammonia [NH3], nitrate +
nitrite [N02+NO31, chlorophyll-a)
¦ total suspended residue
¦ turbidity
• fecal coliform
• Lentic Samples (Stations 3, 4, and 5)
o Field Measurements (taken 0.lin below the surface and at lm intervals to the lake bottom)
¦ temperature
• dissolved oxygen (% and mg/1)
¦ pH
• specific conductance
o Field Measurement (1 measurement reported at each sample location)
Secchi depth transparency - reported value as the average of two measurements
o Grab Samples (taken 0.1m below the surface)
¦ fecal coliform
o Grab Samples Using a LabLine (taken as spatial composites of the photic zone, defined as
twice the Secchi depth)
• nutrients (total phosphorous, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, ammonia [NHA nitrate +
nitrite [N02+NO3), chlorophyll-a)
• total suspended residue
• turbidity
EQUIPMENT
The in situ field measurements (temperature, dissolved oxygen (% and mg/1), pH, and specific
conductance) will be taken using a Hydrolab Quanta. A Secchi disk will be used to measure the
water transparency at the three lentic stations across the centerline of the impoundment. All data
conforms to the "Standard Method for the Examination of Water and Wastewater" and EPA
methods.
In addition, Onset Tidbit temperature data loggers will be installed at both reference pond
locations, upstream and downstream of each impoundment, to monitor water temperatures every
two hours. These data loggers will provide precise temperature ranges and can be easily
downloaded in the field.
REPORTING
Upon completion of the water quality study, CEC on behalf of Ammons will provide the DWQ
with an electronic copy and hard copy of an interpretive report summarizing all results and
findings.

I
0 S00 m
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-pro-minat?e Site Location
= - A-1-1

?Up
Nov 12 2008
r,,g4k -'jqAt'ER QUAUIi '
Wl=TLANDS \N() STORWi ATERBWNW
CLEARWATER
Ammons Mountain Properties, Inc. Environmental Consultants, Inc. Traditions Site Vicinity Map
Pond Study 718 Oakland Street Figure 1
Madison County, North Carolina Hendersonville, NC 28791
828-698-9800

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Hendersonville, NC 28791 Figure 2
828-698-9800
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Attachment B
Preliminary Plan Approval
(dated April 14, 2008)
Page 1 of 2
From: clement riddle [[e-mail]]
Sent: Wednesday, April 16, 2008 4:37 PM
To: 'Anna Salzberg'
Subject: FW: Traditions- Madison County - Proposed pond study lakes
Please print and at to the Traditions plan/file
Clearwater
Environmental Consultants, Inc.
718 Oakland Street
Hendersonville, NC 28791
828-698-9800
828-698-9003 FAX
clement _,cwenv.com
www.cwenv.com
The information in this email is confidential and may be legally privileged. It is intended solely for the addressee
(s). Disclosure to other parties is prohibited. If you are not the intended recipient, any disclosure, copying,
distribution or any action taken or omitted to be taken in reliance on it, is prohibited and may be unlawful.
From: Susan Gale [mailto:[e-mail]]
Sent: Monday, April 14, 2008 5:33 PM
To: clement riddle
Subject: Re: Traditions- Madison County - Proposed pond study lakes
Clement--
Those two ponds look acceptable for the study to support the Traditions project.
Let me know if you have any further questions.
Susan
clement riddle wrote:
Susan,
Thank you for speaking with me this morning about both projects. Attached are maps showing 2 ponds regarding
the Traditions study. The Adams pond is in an agriculture/pasture, actively grazed setting and is approximately 2
acres. The Casey pond is about % acre and is in a forested area with logging roads. The proposed pond location
is also visible on the aerial map. The proposed pond is approximately 0.78 acres. There are approximately 20
lots that are in the same watershed as the proposed pond average lot size is 2.0 acres.
Please review these and let me know if these will be acccceptable.
Clement
Clearwater
Environmental Consultants, Inc.
718 Oakland Street
Hendersonville, NC 28791
828-698-9800
828-698-9003 FAX
[e-mail]
file://\\server2008\data\Company Shared\Projects\511- 400 acres Traditions Mercer\511 ... 10/30/2008
Page 2 of 2
www.cwen.v.com
The information in this email is confidential and may be legally privileged. It is intended solely for the addressee
(s). Disclosure to other parties is prohibited. If you are not the intended recipient, any disclosure, copying,
distribution or any action taken or omitted to be taken in reliance on it, is prohibited and may be unlawful.
file://\\server2008\data\Company Shared\Projects\511- 400 acres Traditions Mercer\511 ... 10/30/2008
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