20000835 Ver 1_Complete File_20000921

NORTH CAROLINA DEPARTMENT OF
ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES

A* DIVISION OF COASTAL MANAGEMENT
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. NCDENR
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C - September 15, 2000
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-'JAMES B. HUNT JR..'
GOVERNOR i'
MEMO TO: David Cox WRC+;
John Hennessy, DWQ - Raleigh
Fritz Rohde, DMF Wilmington
BILL HOLMAN
SECRETARY
Hu
ett
FROM: Dou
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Manager, Permits and Consistency Unit
DONNA D MOFFITT SUBJECT: CAMA/Dredge and Fill Permit Application Review for
DIRECTOR Ecosystems Land Mitigation Back (McIntyre Site),
Brunswick County
Attached please find a revised mitigation plan for the subject project. The
plan and application that was originally submitted for your review was later
determined not to be the most recent version of the mitigation plan. I would
therefore like to request that you review the attached 7/21/00 plan and submit
any additional comments that you have on the project to this office by
October 9, 2000. If you should have any questions surrounding this matter,
please feel free to e-mail me at doug.huggett(ancmail.net or at (919) 733-
2293.
cc: DCM - Morehead City
Kelly Williams (w/out attachment)
Janet Russell (w/out attachment)
F' C S C N C O L 4
MAILING: 1638 MAIL SERVICE CENTER, RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA 27699-1638
PHYSICAL: 2728 CAPITAL BLVD., RALEIGH, NC 27604
PHONE: [phone] FAX: [phone]S
AN EQUAL OPPORTUNITY / AFFIRMATIVE ACTION EMPLOYER - SO% RECYCLED / 10% POST-CONSUMER PAPER
DENR TOLL FREE HOTLINE: [phone]
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September 7, 2000
Mr. Doug Huggett
Major Permits Coordinator
N.C. Division of Coastal Management
1638 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1638
RE: Re-submittal of Revised Compensatory Mitigation Plan and
CAMA Major Application for the.Mclntyre Tract
Dear Doug:
Y.& a
.Taos W1Wk 'W& JdN/M"
9vam gim, M 2wy
RECEIVED
SEP 0 8 2000
COASTAL MANAGEMENT
Last week the Army Corp and DWQ issued the 404 permit and 401 certifications
respectively for the Wilmington ByPass Project (R-2633C). We also understand the CAMA
Major Permit was issued for the road and bridge impacts in coastal wetlands. As you know
concurrently with the processing of these permits, the review agencies were still giving
comments to DOT about this Mitigation Plan which was originally circulated as a complete
CAMA Major Application on May 19, 2000.
This plan had its final revision July 21, 2000 and was modified to create and restore tidal
sloughs which will meander across the restored spoil islands and road beds as illustrated
on Fig. 12 of the plan. These sloughs will connect to adjacent tidal waters at a depth of
-2' MLW and will gradually slope up to the MHW contour. As was requested by the review
agencies, this extra excavation work will help assure better tidal flushing to the
restoration/enhancement areas and provide for intertidal/subtitle habitat for estuarine
organisms. Approximately 850 sf. of mixed high marsh (Typha, Cynosuroides, Scirpus and
Cladium) will be excavated along the fringes of the upland spoil islands in order to gain
access to the deeper tidal waters. Also about 9000 s.f. of Phragmites will be excavated
by the construction of the tidal sloughs. The other changes in the plan involve planting
schedules, tidal monitoring, reference sites, and performance criteria which were modified
due to agency comments.
i
We have enclosed 10 color copies of the final plan and the modified CAMA Major
application. We shall also send one to Janet Russell and Scott McLendon with this cover
letter. Should you have further questions, please feel free to contact ECOBANK or myself
at your convenience.
Sincerely,
Rob Moul, MEM
Environmental Consultant
RMlghd
Enclosures:
Revised CAMA Major Permit Application
Revised McIntyre Mitigation Plan
cc: Gordon Cashin, DOT
Alan Fickett, ECOBANK
Scott McLendon, CORP
Janet Russell, DWQ
S

Joint CAMA Major/401/NWP #27 Application
For
Wetland Restoration and Enhancement Activities
at the McIntyre Tract
Brunswick County, NC
Applied by:
ECOBANK
"Ecosystems Land Mitigation Bank Corp."
1555 Howell Branch Road
Winter Park, Florida 32789
Prepared by:
Land Management Group, Inc.
P. O. Box 2522
Wilmington, NC 28402
11124/99
Job #01-98-586
REVISED 05/02/00
FINAL REVISION 09/06/00
Form DCM-MP-1
APPLICATION
(To be completed by all applicants)
1. APPLICANT
"Ecosystems Land Mitigation Bank Corp."
(ECOBANK)
a. Landowner:
c. Street address or secondary road number.
Due west of US 421 bridge
d. Is proposed work within city limits or planning
jurisdiction? Yes X No
Name Ecosystems Land Mitigation Bank
Address 1555 Howell Branch Rd
City Winter Park State Florida
Zip 32789 Day Phone [phone]
Fax
b. Authorized Agent:
Name Land Management Group, Inc.
Address P. O. Box 2522
City Wilmington State NC
Zip 28402 Day Phone [phone]
Fax [phone]
c. Project name (if any)
"McIntyre Mitigation Site"
-OTT. Permit wiffbe issuedin name of
Candowner(s), and/or project name.
2. LOCATION OF PROPOSED
PROJECT
a. County Brunswick
b. City, town, community or landmark
North end of Eagle Island
Name of body of water nearest project (e.g.
river, creek, sound, bay)
Cape Fear River/Alligator Creek
3. DESCRIPTION AND PLANNED USE
OF PROPOSED PROJECT
List all development activities you propose (e.g.
building a home, motel, marina, bulkhead, pier,
And excavation and/or filling activities.
Restore tract's saltmarsh wetlands by removin
old road beds and dredge spoil piles down to
natural grade and replanting. THE CREATION
OF SMALL TIDAL CREEKS HAS BEEN ADDED.
b. Is the proposed activity maintenance of an
existing project, new work, or both? New
c. Will the project be for public, private or
commercial use? Public - Mitigation for DOT's
Wilmington By-pass by Rrivate company.
d. Give a brief description of purpose, use, methods
of construction and daily operations of proposed
project. If more space is needed, please attach
additional pages. This work involves both
restoration and enhancement of tidal
marsh/shrub/shrub ecosystems as well as tidal swamp
forest associatedwith impacts ofthe "Wilmington By-
pass" project More info is within the attached
"Mitigation Plan" known as the "McIntyre Tract.
Revised 03/9-5
Form DCM-MP-1
4. LAND AND WATER
CHARACTERISTICS
a. Size of entire tract 143 acres
b. Size of individual lot(s) N/A
c. Approximate elevation of tract above MHW or
NWL +/- 4'-6' MSL
d. Soil type(s) and texture(s) of tract
Dredge Newhan fine sand & Chowan silt loams
e. Vegetation on tract HiQhmarsh CAMA-Species &
phraQmites, cypress gum swamp (see plan)
f. Man-made features now on tract Roads and old
railbeds plus dredge spoil piles
g. What is the CAMA Land Use Plan land
classification of the Site? (Consult the local land use plan)
X Conservation Transitional
Developed Community
X Rural Other
h. How is the tract zoned by local government.'
Rural/conservation
1. Is the proposed project consistent with the
applicable zoning? X_ Yes No
(Attach zoning compliance certificate. ifopplicable)
J. Has a professional archaeological assessment
been done for the tract? Yes _X-No
If yes, by whom?
k. As the project located in a National Registered
Historic District or does it involve a National
Register listed or eligible property?
Yes _X No
1. Are there wetlands on the site? _X _Yes No
Coastal (marsh) X_ Other
If yes, has a delineation been conducted?_yes
( Attach documentation, if available) (delineation shown to Scott
McLendon)
in. Describe existing wastewater treatment facilities.
N/A
n. Describe location and type of discharges to waters
of the state. (For example, surface runoff,
Sanitary wastewater, industrial/commercial effluent,
"wash down" and residential discharges.)
None expected
o. Describe existing drinking water supply source.
N/A
5. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
In addition to the completed application form, the
following items must be submitted:
* A copy of the deed (with state application only) or
other instrument under which the applicant claims
title to the affected properties. If the applicant is not
claiming to be the owner of said property, then
forward a copy of the deed or other instrument under
which the owner claims title, plus written permission
from the owner to carry out the project.
(ATTACHED)
* An accurate, dated work plat (including plan view
and cross-sectional drawings) drawn to scale in black
ink on an 8 t/2" by 11" white paper. (Refer to Coastal
Resources Commission Rule 7J.0203 for a detailed
description.) (ATTACHED MITIGATION PLAN)
Please note that original drawings are preferred and
only high quality copies will be accepted. Blue-line
prints or other larger plats are acceptable only if an
adequate number of quality copies are provided by
applicant. (Contact the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers
regarding that agency's use of larger drawings.) A site
or location map is a part of plat-requirements and it
must be sufficiently detailed to guide agency personnel
unfamiliar with the area to
Revised 03/95
Form DCM-MP-1
the site. Include highway or secondary road (SR)
numbers, landmarks, and the like.
* A Stormwater Certification, if one is necessary.
N/A
* A list of the names and complete addresses of the
adjacent waterfront (riparian) landowners and
signed return receipts as proof that such owners
have received a copy of the application and plats by
certified mail. Such landowners must be advised that
they have 30 days in which to submit comments on the
proposed project to the Division of Coastal
Management. Upon signing this form, the applicant
further certifies that such notice has been provided.
Name V. A. Creech, Jr.
Address P. 0. Box 66, Leland, NC 28451
Phone
Name Director, NC State Property Office
Address 116 West Jones Street
Phone Raleigh, NC 27603
Name Whitey (H. L. Prevatte)
Address 2013 Trinity Avenue
Phone Wilmington, NC 28405-7885
* A list of previous state or federal permits issued
for work on the project tract. Include permit numbers,
permittee, and issuing dates.
Pending
* A check for $475 (enclosed) made payable to the
Department of Environment, Health, and Natural
Resources (DEHNR) to cover the costs of processing
the application.
* A signed AEC hazard notice for projects in
oceanfront and inlet areas. (N/A)
* A statement of compliance with the N.C.
Environmental Policy Act (N.C.G.S.113A -1 to 10)
Ifthe project involves the expenditure of public funds
or use of public lands, attach a statement documenting
compliance with the North Carolina Environmental
Policy Act.
6. CERTIFICATION AND PERMISSION
TO ENTER ON LAND
I understand that any permit issued in response to this
application will allow only the development described
in the application. The project will be subject to
conditions and restrictions contained in the permit.
I certify that to the best of my knowledge, the
proposed activity complies with the State of North
Carolina's approved Coastal Management Program
and will be conducted in a manner consistent with such
program.
I certify that I am authorized to grant, and do in fact,
grant permission to representatives of state and federal
review agencies to enter on the aforementioned lands
in connection with evaluating information related to
this permit application and follow-up monitoring ofthe
project.
I further certify that the information provided in this
application is truthful to the best of my knowledge.
This is the 24th day of-November _, 1999
Print Name Rob Moul, Agent
Signature:IRQ? r. (n
Landowner or Authorize Agett
Agent for "ECOBANK" (Ecosystems Land
Mitigation Bank Co.) Final Revision 9/6/00
Please indicate attachments pertaining to your
proposed project.
X DCM MP-2 Excavation and Fill Information
_X DCM MP-3 Upland Development
DCM MP-4 Structures Information
DCM MP-5 Bridges and Culverts
DCM MP-6 Marina Development
NOTE. Please sign and date each attachment in
the space provided at the bottom of each
form.
Revised 03/95
Form DCM-MP-2
EXCAVATION
AND FILL
(Except bridges and culverts)
Attach this form to Joint Application for CAMA
Major Permit, Form DCM-MP-1. Be sure to
complete all other sections ofthe Joint Application
that relate to this proposed project.
Describe belowthe purpose ofproposed excavation
or fill activities. All values to be given in feet.
Average Final
(SEE ATTACHED MAPS) Existing
Project
Length Width Depth Depth
Access channel
(NdLW) or
NWL)
Canal
Boat
Basin
Boat
Ramp
Rock
Groin
Rock
Created Tidal 8850' g' -2'
Sloughs 11'1LW
to
MHW
***Wetland Mitigation Sites
Restoration of 24.4 ac. Of existing marsh/fill down to
adjacent tidal saltmarsh elevations ranging between
MHW and Spring high tide as restoration work Tidal
sloughs will be created extending from -2ft MLW depth
to MHW to restore tidal flushing.
1. EXCAVATION (for Tidal Sloughs)
a. Amount of material to be excavated from below
MHW or NWL in cubic yards Creeks 9100c.v. total
(1450 c.v. below MHW), (7650c.y. uplands)
b. Type of material to be excavated Old dredge
spoil and phyragmites substrate
c. Does the area to be excavated include coastal wetlands
(marsh), submerged aquatic vegetation (SAVs) or other
wetlands? X Yes No
+ 850 s.f. of high marsh & 9000 s.f of phragmites marsh
(see Plan)
d. Highground excavation in cubic yards 133.800
c.v. of upland spoil from dredge islands & road beds will be
removed from adjacent grades & be replanted (see
Mitigation Plan Figures 8. 9. & 10)
2. DISPOSAL OF EXCAVATED
MATERIAL
a. Location of disposal area 6 consolidated spoil piles
measuring +/- 2.1 acres will remain (See Figure 7)
b. Dimensions of disposal area Of the 6 areas. each will
measure +/- 200'x 250' or less
c. Do you claim title to disposal area?
X Yes No
If no, attach a letter granting permission from the owner.
d. Will a disposal area be available for future maintenance?
Yes X No
If yes, where? No future maintenance will be required
other than planting success monitoring
Revised 03/95
Form DCM-MP-2
e. Does the disposal area include any coastal wetlands
(marsh), SAVs or other wetlands?
Yes X No
f. Does the disposal include any area in the water?
Yes X No
3. SHORELINE STABILIZATION
Section #3 (Not applicable)
a. Type of shoreline stabilization
Bulkhead R.iprap
b. Length
c. Average distance waterward of M1-1W or NWL
d. Maximum distance waterward of MI-1W or NWL
e. Shoreline erosion during preceding 12 months
f. Type of bulkhead or riprap material
g. Amount of fill in cubic yards to be placed below water
level
(1) Riprap
(2) Bulkhead backfill
h. Type of fill material
i. Source of fill material
4. OTHER FILL ACTIVITIES
(Excluding Shoreline Stabilization)
a. Will fill material be brought to site?
Yes X No
If Yes,
(1) Amount of material to be placed in the water_
N/A
(2) Dimensions of fill area N/A
(3) Purpose of fill N/A
b. Will fill material be placed in coastal wetlands (marsh),
SAVs or other wetlands?
_ Yes X No
If yes,
(1) Dimensions of fill area N/A
(2) Purpose of fill N/A
5. GENERAL
a. How will excavated or fill material be kept on site and
erosion controlled? As old dredge spoil is removed it will
be stock-piled in central locations with a slightly lower swale
around its base. Silt fences will be used around bases on
road beds
b. What type of construction equipment will be used (for
example, dragline, backhoe, or hydraulic dredge)?
Trackhoe, dozier, pan and/or front end loader
c. Will wetlands be crossed in transporting equipment to
project site? X Yes No
If yes, explain steps that will be taken to lessen
environmental impacts. Logging mats will be off loaded
from barge prior to work & be placed to spoil island &
between them during work activities.
"McIntvre Tract - Mitigation Site"
Applicant or Project Name
Signature
11-24-99
Date (REVISED 5/2/00)
FINAL REVISION 9/6/00
Revised 03/95
Form DCM-MP-3
UPLAND
DEVELOPMENT
(Construction and/or land disturbing activities)
Attach this form to Joint Application for CAMA
Major Permit, For DCM-MP-1. Be sure to complete
all other sections of the Joint Application that relate to
this proposed project.
a. Type and number of buildings, facilities, units or
structures proposed N/A
(Restoration of marsh only & creation of tidal
sloughs for flushing)
b. Number of lots or parcels N/A
c. Density (give the number of residential units and
the units per acre) N/A
d. Size of area to be graded, filled or disturbed
including roads, ditches, etc. 21 acre dredge spoil
island; 2.4 acre road bed; 1 acre berm. Total = 24.4
e. If the proposed project will disturb more than one
acre of land, the Division of Land Resources must
receive an erosion and sedimentation control plan at
least 30 days before land disturbing activity begins. If
applicable, has a sedimentation and erosion control
plan been submitted to the Division of Land
Resources? Yes _X-No
Ifyes, date submitted Pending _
f. List the materials (such as marl, paver stone,
asphalt, or concrete ) to be used for paved
surf aces ._N/A-(Restoration
only
g. Give the percentage of the tract within 75 feet of
MHW or NWL, or within 575 feet in the case of an
Outstanding Resource Water, to be covered by
impervious and/or built-upon surfaces, such as
pavement, buildings, rooftops, or to be used for
vehicular driveways or parking. -0%-
h. Projects that require a CAMA Major Development
Permit may also require a Stormwater Certification.
Has a site development plan been submitted to the
Division of Environmental Management for review?
Yes X No
Ifyes, date submitted N/A
i. Describe proposed method of sewage disposal.
N/A
j. Have the facilities described in Item I. above
received state or local approval? N/A
(Attach appropriate documentation)
k. Describe location and type of proposed discharged
to waters of the state (for example, surface runoff,
sanitary wastewater, industrial/commercial effluent,
"wash down" and residential discharges).
none
1. Describe proposed drinking water supply source
(e.g. well, community, public system, etc.)
N/A
in. Will water be impounded?
If yes, how many acres?_N/A
n. If the project is an oceanfront development, when
was the lot(s) platted and recorded? N/A
"McIntyre Tract" Mitigation Site
Applicant or Project Name
,?? 11?
Signature
, /16ID
Date
(REVISED 5/2/00)
(FINAL REVISION 9/6/00)
Yes _X -No
Revised 03/95

REVISED COMPENSATORY MITIGATION
PLAN FOR THE McINTYRE TRACT
For Wetland Impacts Associated with
the Proposed Wilmington Bypass
? 4
Prepared for:
ECOBANK
4007 Clarendon Blvd.
New Bern, North Carolina
1555 Howell Branch Road
Winter Park, Florida
and
The North Carolina Department of Transportation
Raleigh, North Carolina
Prepared by:
Land Management Group, Inc.
Wilmington, North Carolina
July 21, 2000
Job # 01-00-180

TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF FIGURES .................................................... iii
LIST OF TABLES ....................................................iv
INTRODUCTION ..................................................... 5
SITE DESCRIPTION .................................................. 6
WETLAND CLASSES ............................................ 6
SOILS ........................................................ 7
VEGETATION .................................................. 8
ECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONS ........................................ 9
MITIGATION OUTLINE ............................................... 10
RESTORATION MITIGATION ..................................... 10
Spoil Removal ............................................ 10
Berm Breaching .......................................... 11
General Vegetation Restoration Guidelines ..................... 11
ENHANCEMENT MITIGATION .................................... 12
MITIGATION, MONITORING, AND SUCCESS CRITERIA .................... 13
RESTORATION AND ENHANCEMENT HYDROLOGICAL
TIDAL MONITORING ........................................... 13
INDIVIDUAL ECOSYSTEM DETAILS AND SUCCESS CRITERIA ......... 14
Tidal Marsh/Shrub Scrub ................................... 14
Tidal Cypress/Gum Swamp ................................. 15
Tidal Freshwater Marsh Restoration ........................... 16
Tidal Marsh/Shrub Scrub Enhancement ........................ 18
11 TIDAL SLOUGH CONSTRUCTION ...................................... 18
INVASIVE SPECIES CONTROL PLAN ................................... 19
CONTINGENCY PLAN ................................................ 19
MITIGATION IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE ............................. 20
FINAL PROPERTY DISPENSATION .................................... 20
SUMMARY ......................................................... 20
FIGURES AND TABLES .............................................. 22

LIST OF FIGURES
0
I
Figure 1. The McIntyre Tract.
Figure 2. Vicinity map. -.
Figure 3. Impacted areas of the McIntyre Tract.
Figure 4. Typical views of spoil island interior.
Figure 5. Typical views of the berm on the southern tract boundary.
Figure 6. Tidal barriers at the McIntyre Tract.
Figure 7. N.R.C.S. soils map.
Figure 8. Mitigation areas at the McIntyre Tract.
Figure 9. Typical cross-section of the northern portion of the McIntyre Tract
(Looking north).
Figure 10. Typical cross-section of the northern portion of the McIntyre Tract
(Looking west).
Figure 11. Typical cross-section of the dredge berm at the McIntyre Tract
(Looking north).
Figure 12. Monitoring well locations and cypress gum sample plots.
Figure 13. Reference well locations at the impact site.
REVISED 8/4/00
iv
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. Mitigation areas at the McIntyre Tract.
Table 2. Species planted in (A) Tidal marsh/shrub scrub, (B) Tidal cypress/gum
swamp, and (C) Tidal freshwater marsh, restoration areas.
Table 3. Preliminary data of success criteria parameters.
P
I
5
INTRODUCTION
ECOBANK proposes to restore 23.1 acres of tidal marsh/shrub scrub
ecosystem, 25.2 acres of tidal freshwater marsh, and 12.3 acres of tidal cypress/gum
swamp at the McIntyre Tract in Brunswick County, North Carolina (Figure 1). In
addition, 79.9 acres of tidal marsh/shrub scrub will be enhanced through the restoration
of tidal flushing. The tract will be used as mitigation for unavoidable wetland impacts
associated with the construction of the proposed Wilmington Bypass by the North
Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT). NCDOT has contracted with
ECOBANK to provide the wetland mitigation for projected Wilmington Bypass wetland
impacts.
Located along the Cape Fear River (Figure 2), the tract has been manipulated
as a result of previous river transportation projects. Four upland spoil islands are
located on this tract adjacent to the river. These islands are not under Army Corps of
Engineers (USACE) easement and can be utilized for mitigation. An old railroad bed
lies in the northeastern corner of the property and an old road bed lies near the Cape
0 Fear River Bridge. The central part of the tract has therefore been somewhat isolated
due to the aforementioned flushing obstructions.
The tract has a myriad of habitats that have been established due to past
manipulation of tidal amplitudes resulting from plugs and blockages. The major
premise of the restoration work is to re-contour the four upland spoil islands to the
grade of the adjacent control sites with meandering tidal sloughs and thereby re-
establishing optimal tidal flushing matching within 10% of the reference and impact
6
sites' tidal amplitudes.
The tract will be monitored for five years or until deemed successful, whichever
is longer. Annual monitoring reports will be provided to the USACE, the North
Carolina Division of Water Quality (DWQ), and the NC Division of Coastal
Management, NCDCM. Implementation of the project will occur prior to roadway
11 impacts, thus providing up-front mitigation for the Wilmington Bypass project.
SITE DESCRIPTION
The tract is composed of approximately 143 acres. It measures approximately
4500 L.F. along the banks of the Cape Fear River to the north; 2100 L.F. along an old
rice plantation canal to the west until it hits Alligator Creek; then it extends 3450 L.F. to
an old earthen causeway along a man-made lake to the south and back to the Hwy 421
bridge to the east. It lies approximately 2.9 miles south of the Wilmington ByPass and
3.2 miles south of the western end of the #R-2633C project.
0 WETLAND CLASSES
The wetland classes are primarily riverine in nature with tidal influence affecting
vegetation and ecosystem function. The tract contains tidal freshwater marsh, tidal
cypress gum swamp, and tidal marsh/shrub scrub ecosystems. All areas have
undergone some degree of impact. Approximately 25.7 acres of dredge spoil islands
(Figures 3 and 4) and 2.4 acres of fill on old causeways are present on site. There is
also an earthen berm on the southern end of the property (Figures 3 and 5). The
7
barriers to tidal flow are shown in Figure 6
This tract was chosen for wetland mitigation because the man-made
obstructions have influenced the present vegetational compositions due to restricted
regular and irregular tidal exchange and the holding of freshwater flooding and
rainwater which dilutes its salt content. In many cases, riverine-tidal creek flow was
1 blocked or filled and marsh elevations were artificially raised. The tidal freshwater
vegetation (whether woody or herbaceous) which previously grew extensively on these
disturbed sites presently has little tidal periodicity, salinities less than 0.5 ppt, and little
plant diversity.
SOILS
The general soil map for Brunswick County (Figure 7) shows the tract situated
predominately in a Chowan silt loam. A dredged Newhan fine sand is shown in the
northwest corner of the site. The majority of soils on the site could have originally been
Chowan silt loams until maintenance dredging operations created the islands of
1 Newhan sand. Chowan silt loams consist of poorly drained soils on flood plains. The
soils formed from silty fluvial sediment deposited over organic material. Slopes range
- from 0 to 2 percent. The Newhan sands consist of excessively drained soils found in
barrier island environments. The soils form in coarse, textured Eolian and marine
environments and have been pumped and dredged from the river bottom to form the
spoil islands currently found on-site. Typical slopes encountered vary due to dredging
but commonly range from 2 to 30 percent.
8
VEGETATION
Presently, the freshwater marsh component-of the tract is comprised of the
"freshwater variant" of tidal freshwater marsh as described by Schafale and Weakley
(1990). The vegetation community is comprised mostly of narrow leafed cattail (Typha
angustifolia). The salt content of this ecosystem is nearly absent. The impact site
i however, is similar to the "Oligohaline variant" with salinities greater than 0.5ppt due to
the sites's unencumbered tidal flushing events. This impact site has a tidal freshwater
marsh community structure which is very diverse and heterogeneous consisting of giant
cordgrass (Spartina cynosuroides), Common three square (Scirpus americanus), and
sawgrass (Cladium jamaicense).
On the higher landscape positions, the impact site has scattered scrub/shrub
habitat throughout the tidal vegetation area. The vegetation is comprised of wax myrtle
(Myrica cerifera), eastern baccharis (Baccharis halimifolia), marsh elder (Iva
frutescens), with widely scattered red cedar (Juniperus virginiana). The lower edges
along tidal fresh sloughs have a mixture of smooth cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora),
0 Arrowhead (Sagittaria spp.), and black needle rush (Juncus roemarianus).
The restoration site's historic cypress/gum swamp once had a dominant
. overstory of bald cypress (Taxodium distichum) and water tupelo (Nyssa aquatica) at a
density of over 40 large trees/acre). At the present time there are less than 10 large
trees/acre in this zone.
The restoration site's spoil islands are dominated by loblolly pine (Pinus taeda),
sweet gum (Liquidambar styraciflua), red maple (Acer rubrum), and black cherry
9
(Prunus serotina). Shrubs and vines are also found on the sandy islands and
causeways.
ECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONS
The McIntyre Tract lies downstream from the roadway impact areas and contains
estuarine and freshwater habitats which closely mimic the impact zones and inherently
perform similar ecosystem functions.
The biogeochemical functions of this tidally influenced system are directly
proportional to tidal flushing occurrence, frequency and duration. The less obstructed
the tidal wetlands are at McIntyre, the greater the residence time estuarine water has to
positively affect the following functions:
1. Scrubbing and/or removal of silt and particulate material in the water
column
2. Acting as a sink for accumulated organic debris and nutrients
3. Removing and utilizing excess nutrients in thick stands of marsh grasses
4. Providing a suitable substrate and/or habitat for both aquatic and
terrestrial migrating and/or marine organisms
5. Providing greater diversity of emergent marsh and tidal swamp habitat for
mammals and birds that migrate across this area
All of the above noted enhanced functions can be obtained directly by removing the
water ingress and egress obstacles (i.e. spoil, roadbeds, etc). It is anticipated that a
pre-project baseline study will prove through the use of tide gauge amplitude
comparisons with post restoration that greater tidal amplitude and, more importantly,
duration, will occur at McIntyre. Tidal amplitude graphs will illustrate wider bases and
more consistent amplitude heights and resolution than pre-project graphs. Plant
10
zonation and diversity should increase over the five year monitoring period and
restoration site functions will match those functions exhibited by the reference sites.
MITIGATION OUTLINE
ECOBANK proposes to restore and enhance a tidal marsh/shrub scrub
0 ecosystem and restore cypress/gum swamp and tidal freshwater marsh ecosystems
(Figure 7; Table 1). Existing spoil islands, railroad beds, and old road beds will be re-
contoured, exposing more areas to tidal flushing (Figures 8-10). On the south end of
the property, flooding breaks will be established in an existing berm, thereby restoring
both tidal freshwater marsh and tidal marsh/shrub scrub behind the berm (Figure 11).
All graded areas will be planted with appropriate vegetation (Table 2). Trees will be
planted in the tidal cypress/gum swamp. Woody shrubs and herbaceous plants will be
set in the tidal freshwater marsh and marsh/shrub scrub areas.
RESTORATION MITIGATION
0 Spoil Removal
Four existing spoil islands will be re-contoured to a natural grade to be
determined by the amplitude of the reference and impact sites. The spoil islands in the
cypress/gum area will remain approximately 6"-12" higher than the surrounding marsh
area to provide for more successful seedling survival. A sedimentation/erosion control
plan is being prepared which illustrates the construction sequencing. The road and
railroad bed areas will be removed first and stockpiled on wider portions of the spoil

11
islands. It is anticipated that the final spoil pile will not exceed a 3:1 slope. All outside
bases of the stockpiled material will be stabilized with silt fences and upon completion
of the work, slightly depressional swales (-1 foot in depth) will be installed around their
bases to collect potential side slope slumping. Approximately 3.7% of the total tract or
approximately 5.0 acres will remain as spoil deposition areas (Figure. 8).
I
Berm Breaching
The berm on the southern end of the tract will be breached at -200' intervals as
shown in Figure 11 Approximately ten 12' wide breaches will be excavated to - 2' mlw
depths from the approximately 2'-4' high berm (Figure 11) in order to promote tidal
flushing and restore the adjacent marsh system. Most of the sloughs on the back side
will be excavated out of giant reed (Phragmites communis) marsh thereby removing
approximately 9000 if of this invasive species.
General Vegetation Restoration Guidelines
0 Vegetation culms consisting of multiple plant stems (from a common rhizome or
stolon, when available) will be set in both the tidal freshwater marsh and tidal marsh/
shrub scrub areas. If such stocks are unavailable, single stem stocks will be utilized.
Trees will be planted in the cypress/gum area on 10' spacings and herbaceous species
will use no greater than a 24" spacing as recommended by NMFS and the USACE.
The number of specific plant species to be planted and the total number of plants for
each wetland ecotype is shown in Table 2. All 1 year plant stock will be purchased
12
from a certified nursery.
01
ENHANCEMENT MITIGATION
The goal of tidal marsh/shrub scrub enhancement will be the re-establishment of
tidal flushing which has been impacted through spoil islands, railroad beds, and berms.
1 A total of 79.9 acres of tidal marsh/shrub scrub will be hydrologically enhanced (Figure
8, Table 1). The functions enhanced include:
1 Scrubbing and/or removal of silt and particulate material in the water
column
2 Acting as a sink for accumulated organic debris and nutrients
3 Removal and utilization of excess nutrients in thick stands of marsh
grasses
4 Providing a suitable substrate and/or habitat for both aquatic and
terrestrial migrating and/or marine organisms
All of the above noted enhanced functions can be obtained directly by removing the
water ingress and egress obstacles (i.e. spoil, roadbeds, etc). It is anticipated that a
baseline study will prove through the use of tide gauge amplitude comparisons that the
greater flushing amplitude and, more importantly, duration, will occur at McIntyre. Tidal
1 amplitudes will illustrate wider bases and more consistent amplitude height and
resolution than baseline site conditions. Plant diversity, stem densities and plant node
length of existing species should increase slightly over the monitoring period due to
greater nutrient exchange. Pre and post project amplitudes and salinities will be used
as a comparison to adjacent reference sites.

13
MITIGATION, MONITORING, AND SUCCESS CRITERIA
Mitigation progress will be monitored for five years or until deemed successful,
whichever is longer. Vegetation sampling will take place in August with annual
monitoring reports submitted to the USACE, NCDCM, and DWQ no later than
September 30th of each year. Each report will consist of a narrative describing
vegetative sampling and tidal monitoring results as well as functional assessments.
Emphasis will be placed on both successful and problem areas as they relate to
meeting success criteria of the four ecosystems described. Photographs will be
included to document inherent vegetative conditions and water table graphs will
document semi-diurnal tidal flux of the various landscapes by relating tidal amplitude
and duration to the inherent characteristics of the restored and enhanced ecosystems
both prior to and after project commencement.
RESTORATION AND ENHANCEMENT HYDROLOGICAL TIDAL MONITORING
Hydrological monitoring for all restoration and enhancement areas will
concentrate on matching tidal wetland hydrology of restored and enhanced sites to
mature reference areas. Thirteen automated tide gauges will be installed over the
mitigation site (Figure 12). The elevations of the project site gauges will be compared
to six reference tide gauges which will be established in unaltered marsh areas located
directly across the river from the project, at the impact site, and at other reference
areas between the two (Figure 13). Success criteria for these gauges will be the
establishment of a hydroperiod which falls within 10% of the tidal amplitudes and
duration to that of the Left blank intentionally
REVISED 8/4/00
14
reference gauges. Three tide gauges have also been established at the roadway
impact site (as requested by the USAGE) which will assist in the replication of
hydroperiods of each of the three restored ecosystems.
` Left blank intentionally
INDIVIDUAL ECOSYSTEM DETAILS AND SUCCESS CRITERIA
Tidal Marsh/Shrub Scrub
This tract is comprised of 23.1 acres of old spoil islands and road beds which
were delineated as uplands. These areas were chosen for restoration since they once
0 exhibited tidal marsh/shrub scrub characteristics which closely match vegetation
communities at the impact site. Surrounding the upland restoration area is coastal high
marsh vegetation along the intertidal edges of the river and creeks which display giant
cordgrass (Spartina cynosuroides), sawgrass (Cladium jamaicense), common three
square (Scirpus americana), narrow leafed cattail (Typha angustifolia), and sedges
(Carex spp.). Often it has mixed maritime shrubs consisting of myrtle (Myrica cerifera),
marsh elder (Iva frutescens) and Baccharis shrubs (Baccharis sp.) and an overstory of
REVISED B/4/00
15
-10 bald cypress (Taxodium distichum) trees per acre.
The target base elevation of the restoration soil surface was calculated to be 1.2
ft. above mean high water (mhw). At this restored, post project elevation, the tidal
amplitude of target is matching the 4" or greater daily tidal amplitudes of the reference
site gauge (RS -A) which has preliminary daily amplitudes of at least 5" (Table 3). The
reference site also has an average salinity of 3 ppt which will be used as reference.
Vegetation success will be monitored using techniques developed by the
National Marine Fisheries Service and the USACE at the Corps Reserve Center Marsh
Mitigation site located along the Newport River in Carteret County, North Carolina. The
Braun-Blanquet (B-B) vegetation sampling technique will be used to measure both
vegetation frequency (survival), stem density, and species cover percentage. We will
sample 15.4 (1.0 m2) sample plots/acre. This will total 346 computer generated random
plots for the 23.1 acres. The vegetation will be monitored for five years or until 70% of
the planted seedlings survive for the first and each subsequent growing season. Both
planted and volunteer emergent high marsh species (other than Phragmites communis)
will be counted . The final plant density success criterion will be the establishment of a
75% plant coverage by the end of the fifth growing season.
Tidal Cypress/Gum Swamp
The tidal cypress/gum swamp area will establish new stands of T: distichum and
a lesser amount of black gum (Nyssa sylvatica) over segments of the hydrologically T.
angustifolia stands where either tidal cypress gum swamp previously existed
16
(evidenced by remnant stumps) and where natural elevations are -0.6-1.0' higher than
surrounding soils due to old side casting of dredge•spoil. This area is designed to
match tidal amplitudes and salinities of the impact site where cypress and gum trees
dominate the overstory. Most of these slightly raised spoil runoff flats have natural
attributes to re-establish the impacted sites' natural woody vegetation by planting two
year old seedlings during times when the seedlings are dormant (Table 2). Only the
woody vegetation components of this ecosystem will be planted since the herbaceous
layer is well established.
The tidal cypress/gum sampling program will sample at least 3% of the planted
area by monitoring woody vegetation success at three 37.2' diameter (0.10 acre) plots
as illustrated in Figure12. According to pre-project sampling of the impact areas, the
minimum success criterion is to obtain survival of no less than 40 trees per acre,
including volunteer cypress and gum. Tidal amplitudes will only reach these zones
during exceptionally high spring tidal cycles and these areas are considered to be
irregularly inundated. Hydrological success criteria will be to match the tidal amplitude
and salinities of the cypress/gum sections of the impact site to the restoration site.
Tidal Freshwater Marsh Restoration
These areas consist of more distant sections of high marsh vegetation which
became isolated from daily lunar tidal influence due to the man-made disturbance and
filling activities. This 25.2 acre wetland landscape is currently receiving little daily input
from intertidal sloughs or riverine flooding. Pre-project indications reveal no daily tidal
17
inputs per the "MS-B" tide gauge (Table 3). These restoration zones exhibit salinities
less than 0.5 ppt during normal tidal cycles since rein water ponds on the surface,
diluting any salt concentration. Spring high tidal events would cover the soils with at
least 3"-4" but the duration is only 8 days/month.
Presently, this system does not have mixed marsh habitat nor does it receive the
daily tidal inputs it once had due to the upland berms and spoil piles that block old tidal
sloughs. The mitigation projects' removal of spoil to the grade of the surrounding
landscape and establishment of berm breaks and tidal sloughs will restore the tidal
freshwater marsh functions once again. Much of this zone has become a monoculture
of cattail with scattered sedges and Phragmites. Once the tidal sloughs and berm
removals occur, this zone will be planted with dense clusters of tidal freshwater marsh
species such as S. cynosuroides, C. jamaicense, and S. americana on 48 inch spacing.
These species will be planted during the dormant season when existing vegetation is
bent over in order that the 2 year seedlings can gain a better foothold.
After restoration completion, tidal amplitudes and salinities will be compared to
tide gauge RS-B in the reference site which generates a 2" tidal amplitude and
salinities around 2 ppt. The hydrological success criterion is to match the results from
the above mentioned reference gauge. The vegetation monitoring would follow the
same "B-B" procedures and requirements outlined in the tidal marsh/shrub scrub
section.
18
Tidal Marsh/Shrub Scrub Enhancement
This high marsh zone consisting of a mixture of relic salt marsh species and
shrubs does not receive its historic tidal flushing due to the man-induced blockages
explained earlier. Amplitudes of daily tidal water in this area ranges from 0"-1" but
overall salinities are only slightly greater than 0.5 ppt. The pre-project readings of two
ll? tide gauges (the gauges will read on an hourly basis) will be saved to compare to post
restoration improvements in tidal flushing. This ecosystem will be deemed enhanced
when tidal amplitudes and salinities match the RS-B tide gauge in the reference area.
TIDAL SLOUGH CONSTRUCTION
Seven tidal sloughs measuring 8850 linear feet will be created as shown in
Figure 12. These sloughs will be excavated to mean low water depth (mlw) and
approximately 8' wide with 5:1 side slopes. These created sloughs will meander along
the edges of existing spoil piles and will connect to existing intertidal waters where
marsh fringes are lacking or minimal. The purpose is to provide for regular tidal
0 flushing within and throughout the wetland restoration area increasing tidal amplitudes,
durations, and salinities to match the naturally flushed reference sites. S. alterniflora
will be planted on the side slopes of the sloughs on a 24" spacing.
An additional objective is to restore, the biological and physical functions of the
tidal freshwater marshes previously described. More juvenile fin fish and intertidal or
subtidal organisms will be able to gain access to these once restricted areas upon
completion of the restoration activities.
19
These sloughs will be constructed with a backhoe with the spoil stockpiled
behind silt fences on uplands. They will connect to?adjacent tidal sloughs where no
marsh fringe exists or where there is minimum marsh impact. It is calculated that 850
ft2 of mixed high marsh will be excavated near the mhw areas. At the ten breaks on the
berm on the southern end of the tract, there will be -9600 ft 2 of Phragmites excavated
by this proposal. In all cases, the sloughs will be constructed to obtain maximum
intertidal conditions.
INVASIVE-SPECIES CONTROL PLAN
The scope and effect of invasive species will be part of the yearly monitoring
report. If invasive species become a hindrance to successful establishment of the
selected endemic planted species by the end of the third year monitoring period, a
contingency plan will be developed based on current technologies. In particular,
existing adjacent stands of Giant reed (Phragmites communis) will be monitored
annually both on the ground and using oblique photographs. Those zones of the
planted areas which appear to be threatened the following year will be considered
candidate areas for future tidal water enhancement activities as requested by NMFS.
All contingency plans will be circulated to all agencies as the need arises and as NC
DCM/USACE permit modification requests dictate.
CONTINGENCY PLAN
In the event that the hydrology/tidal amplitude and vegetation success criteria
20
are not fulfilled, a contingency plan will be implemented. The contingency plan will
require consultation with all regulatory agencies if`success is not achieved during the
monitoring period. Recommendations for further activities will be implemented and
monitored until the hydrology/tidal amplitude and vegetation success criteria are
achieved. This may require extra tidal slough construction and tidal' blockage removal.
Any contingency plans for invasive species control will be implemented after the third
year of the monitoring period as described above.
MITIGATION IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE
All construction and planting activities will be completed prior to January 1,
2001. These dates may be modified depending on weather conditions and permitting
time lines.
FINAL PROPERTY DISPENSATION
ECOBANK will remain responsible for the mitigation site through success.
0 Mitigation activities on the tract will be bonded until completed. ECOBANK and
NCDOT are currently negotiating the transfer of the property to NCDOT. Agencies
reviewing the mitigation plan and the NCDOT will have right-of-entry to the property for
the duration of the monitoring period.
SUMMARY
ECOBANK proposes to restore and enhance a total of 140.5 acres of wetlands
21
at the McIntyre Tract in Brunswick County. This mitigation will offset projected impacts
to tidal brackish and freshwater marshes, as well as tidal cypress and gum swamps.
Four spoil islands will be re-contoured to the grade of the existing wetland ecosystems.
Old railroad and road beds will be excavated in the same manner. All graded areas will
be replanted with native vegetation and enhanced areas will have the introduction of
1 additional salt tolerant species. Mitigation success will be monitored for five years or
until deemed successful, whichever is longer.
These restoration and enhancement activities will provide a visible mitigation
project for Bypass impacts while preserving not only the restored ecosystems, but
valuable and diverse ecotones as well. It represents a complete mitigation effort for all
affected tidal ecosystems which closely resembles the impact site.
?•
I4
N
0 300 600, - 1200
SCALE 1 - 600

Land Management Group, Inc. McIntyre Trait
Figure 1. The McIntyre Environmental Consultants Wilmington Bypass P-rcaev
Tract. Wilmington, N.C. Brunswick County, NJuly 1999
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Land Management Group, Inc. McIntyre Tract
Figure 2. Vicinity map. Environmental Consultants Wilmington Bypass Project
Wilmington, N.C. Brunswick County, NC
May 2000
?__.-______.___-__
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Not to scale
Figure 3. Impacted areas Land Management Group, Inc. McIntyre Tract
of the McIntyre Tract. Environmental Consultants Wilmington Bypass P..,cjcct
Wilmington, N.C.
May 2000 Brunson ck County, NC

Figure 4. Typical views Lent! Management Group, Inc, McIntyre Tray;`, j
of spoil island interior. Environmental Consultants Wilmington Bypass y:r.. o e:,r„b
Wilmington, N.C.
Mav 2000 Brunswick County, NC
D
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Figure 5. Typical views Land Management Group, Inc. McIntyre Tract
berm on the southern Environmental Consultants Wilmington Bypass Projee'°.
Wilmington, N.C.
tract boundary. N11C-
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Mav 2000

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SCALE 1" = 600'
Figure 6. Tidal barriers Land Management Group, Inc. McIntyre Tract
at the McIntyre Tract. Environmental Consultants Wilmington Bypass Project
Wilmington, N.C.
Julv 2000 Brunswick County, NC

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Land Management Group, Inc.
Figure 7. N.R.C.S. Environmental Consultants McIntyre Tra
soils map. Wilmington, N.C. Wilmington Bypass Project
July 1999 Brunswick County, NC J

?4
I•
FLOOD
EBB

MHW
=? = Tidal marsh/shrub scrub restoration (23.1 acres)
Tidal cypress/gum swamp restoration (12.3 acres)
Tidal freshwater marsh restoration (25.2 acres)
Tidal marsh/shrub scrub enhancement (79.9 acres)
O Spoil mound with circular shallow
freshwater marsh pool around base
Created tidal creek
N
U U
0 300 600 1200
SCALE 1" = 600'
Figure 8. Mitigation areas Land Management Group, Inc. McIntyre Tract
Environmental Consultants Wilmington Bypass Project
at the McIntyre Tract. Wilmington, N.C.
May 2000 Brunswick County, NC
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Tidal marsh/shrub scrub restoration (23.1 acres)
Tidal cypress/gum swamp restoration (12.3 acres)
Tidal freshwater marsh restoration (25.2 acres)
Tidal marsh/shrub scrub enhancement (79.9 acres)
O Spoil mound with circular shallow
freshwater marsh pool around base (-5 acres)
Created tidal creek
I•
Q Sample plot location
Tide gauge location
Figure 12. Monitoring well
locations and cypress
gum sample plots.

N
0 300 600 1200
SCALE 1" = 600'
d Management Group, Inc. McIntyre Tract
Environmental Consultants Wilmington Bypass Project
Wilmington, N.C. Brunswick County, NC
May 2000
REVISED 3/4/00
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Land Management Group, Inc. McIntyre Tract
Figure 13. Reference wells Environmental Consultants Wilmington Bypass Project
at the impact site. Wilmington, N.C. Brunswick County NC
August 2000
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Table 2. Species planted in (A) Tidal marsh/shrub scrub, (B) Tidal cypress/gum
swamp, and (C) Tidal freshwater marsh restoration areas.
V
P
1
(A)
Species Planted Common Name # Planted/acre Total Planted
Myrica cerifera Wax myrtle 80 1848
Baccharis halimifolia Groundsel 60 1386
Iva frutescens Marsh elder 40 924
Spartina cynosuroides Giant cordgrass 24" spacing 198,400
Cladium jamaicense Saw grass 24" spacing 198,400
Fspartina altemiflora Smooth Cordgrass 24" spacing 70,800
(B)
Species planted Common name Area planted # planted/acre Total planted
Taxodium distichum Bald cypress 7.38 ac. 80 590
Nyssa biflora Black gum 4.92 ac. 40 196
TOTAL AMEM 12.3 ac 120 786
(C) **
Species Planted Common Name # Planted/acre Total Planted
Spartina
cynosuroides Giant cordgrass 48" spacing 2500
Cladium jamaicense Saw grass 48" spacing 1250
Scirpus amencana Common three-
square 48" spacing 1250
**Note: all bare areas and transition zones/wrack lines will be planted in order to allow
planted vegetation a competitive advantage against Phragmites communis. The dense
spacing was felt to be the best defense against invasive species.
*** these high marsh plantings will be scattered throughout the homogeneous Typha
stands.
Table 3. Preliminary data of success criteria parameters.
Tide Gauge
location" Normal tidal
amplitude
(inches) Spring high
amplitude
(inches) Normal
duration of
flooding Salinity (ppt)
MS-A 10 16 Daily 7
MS-B 0 4 8 days/month <0.5
RS-A 5 10 Daily 3
RS-13 2 5 Daily 2
IS-A 3 8 Daily 1
** MS - mitigation site
RS - reference site
IS -project impact site