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Home My WebLink AboutNC0004987_MSS_Appendix E_20191231Corrective Action Plan Update December 2019 Marshall Steam Station SynTerra APPENDIX E HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT 410 synTerra HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT For MARSHALL STEAM STATION 8320 EAST CAROLINA HIGHWAY 150 TERRELL, NORTH CAROLINA 28682 DECEMBER 2019 PREPARED FOR DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC 526 SOUTH CHURCH STREET CHARLOTTE, NORTH CAROLINA 28202 (� DUKE ENERGY. CAROLINAS Matt Huddleston, Ph.D. Senior Scientist k6i�m Heather Smith Environmental Scientist Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This human health and ecological risk assessment pertaining to the Marshall Steam Station (Marshall, MSS, Site, or Station) was prepared on behalf of Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC (Duke Energy). The risk assessment focuses on the potential impacts of coal combustion residuals (CCR) from the Marshall Ash basin and adjacent source areas on groundwater, surface water, and sediment. Groundwater flow information was used to focus the risk assessment on areas where exposure of humans and wildlife to CCR constituents could occur. To assist in corrective action decision making, this risk assessment characterized potential effects on human health and the environment related to naturally occurring elements, associated with coal ash, present in environmental media. Corrective action will be implemented with the goal of keeping future Site conditions protective of human health and the environment, as required by the 2014 North Carolina General Assembly Session Law 2014-122, Coal Ash Management Act (CAMA). The human health and ecological risk assessment followed North Carolina Division of Waste Management (NCDWM) and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) risk assessment guidance. Conclusions of the risk assessment are: 1) there is no evidence of risks to on -Site or off -Site human receptors potentially exposed to CCR constituents that have migrated from the ash basin and adjacent source areas; and 2) there is no evidence of risks to ecological receptors potentially exposed to CCR constituents that have migrated from the ash basin and adjacent source areas. This risk assessment uses analytical results from groundwater, surface water, and sediment samples collected March 2015 through June 2019. The framework of the risk assessment follows a stepwise process. The steps include: Step 1: Development of conceptual site models (CSM) showing the type of affected media, exposure routes and pathways, and human and ecological receptors that might occur at the Site Step 2: Comparison of analytical data with applicable state and federal human health and ecological screening values (ESVs) to identify constituents of potential concern (COPCs) Step 3: Derivation of Site -specific human health risk -based concentrations (RBCs) for COPCs, derivation of exposure point concentrations (EPCs), and comparison of EPCs to the RBCs to draw conclusions about the potential human health risks at the Site Page ES-1 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra Step 4: Development of Site -specific wildlife exposure concentrations for comparison with COPC-specific toxicity reference values (TRVs) to draw conclusions about potential risks to wildlife at the Site Human health and ecological CSMs were developed to help identify exposure pathways, exposure routes, and potential receptors for evaluation. The CSM describes the sources and potential pathways through which groundwater migration from the ash basin and adjacent source areas might have transported CCR-related constituents to other environmental media (receiving media) and, in turn, to potential human and ecological receptors. Receiving media to which human receptors could be exposed to COPCs include: • Outdoor air • Groundwater • On -Site seep water and seep soil (AOW) • On -Site soil beneath the coal ash basin • On -Site surface water and sediment • Off -Site surface water, sediment, and fish Potential human receptors evaluated in the risk assessment were: • On -Site trespassers (current and future use) • On -Site commercial or industrial workers (current and future use) • On -Site construction workers (current and future use) • Off -Site residents (current and future use) • Off -Site recreational users, including people who swim, wade, boat, or fish in Lake Norman No public or private drinking water wells or wellhead protection areas were found downgradient of the ash basin; therefore, there is no exposure to current and future residential receptors. Receiving media from which ecological receptors could be exposed to COPCs include: • Outdoor air • Groundwater Page ES-2 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra • On -Site seep water and seep soil (AOW) • On -Site soil beneath the coal ash basin • On -Site surface water, sediment, and biotic tissue • Off -Site surface water, sediment, and biotic tissue Ecological receptors are represented by "indicator" or "surrogate" organisms that represent other animals within their generic class, order, or family. Receptors considered in the ecological risk assessment included: • Benthic macroinvertebrates • Fish • Birds (e.g., mallard duck, great blue heron) • Mammals (e.g., muskrat, river otter) The screening -level risk assessment identified the following human health COPCs: Medium/Location COPC Surface Water - Lake Norman Aluminum, boron, chromium (VI), cobalt, manganese, zinc Sediment - Lake Norman Aluminum, arsenic, cobalt, manganese, thallium Groundwater Aluminum, antimony, arsenic, barium, beryllium, boron, cadmium, chromium (total), chromium (VI), cobalt, lithium, manganese, mercury, molybdenum, nickel, radium (total), selenium, strontium, thallium, vanadium, zinc The following COPCs were identified for ecological receptors: Medium/Location ICOPC Surface Water - Lake Norman Aluminum, cobalt, copper, manganese Sediment - Lake Norman Aluminum, barium, chromium (total), copper, manganese, nickel, selenium The identified COPCs were used in the human health risk assessment (comparison of Site -specific RBCs with EPCs) and in the baseline ecological risk assessment. No Page ES-3 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra unacceptable risks from exposure to environmental media were identified. Results of the human health risk assessment indicate the following: • No evidence of carcinogenic or non -carcinogenic risks related to the construction workers exposure scenario was identified. • No evidence of carcinogenic or non -carcinogenic risks was identified in relation to the recreational swimmer, wader or boater exposure scenarios associated with Lake Norman. • No evidence of carcinogenic or non -carcinogenic risks was identified in relation to the recreational fisher exposure scenario associated with Lake Norman. • No evidence of material increase in carcinogenic risks related to the subsistence fisher exposure scenario is attributable to the ash basin. Hexavalent chromium concentrations in upstream surface water samples also resulted in modeled excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) within USEPA's target risk range. Modeled concentration of hexavalent chromium in fish tissue is likely overestimated. • Potential non -carcinogenic risks from consumption of fish containing cobalt for the subsistence fisher were identified. Cobalt concentrations in upstream surface water samples resulted in similar modeled results. The subsistence fisher exposure scenarios overestimate risks based on exposure model assumptions. Findings of the baseline ecological risk assessment include the following: • No HQs based on NOAELs or LOAELs were greater than unity for the aquatic wildlife receptors (mallard duck, great blue heron, bald eagle, and river otter) evaluated for the Lake Norman exposure area. • Two endpoints, muskrat and killdeer had limited modeled risk results greater than unity for aluminum. The killdeer had limited NOAEL based modeled risk results greater than unity for barium, total chromium copper, selenium. • The modeled risks are considered negligible based on natural and background conditions. The exposure models likely overstate risks to aluminum, barium, total chromium copper, and selenium. In summary, there is no evidence of increased risks to human and ecological receptors exposed to environmental media potentially affected by CCR-related constituents at Marshall. This conclusion is further supported by multiple water quality and biological assessments conducted by Duke Energy as part of the NPDES monitoring program. Page ES-4 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION PAGE EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.................................................................................................... ES-1 1.0 INTRODUCTION.........................................................................................................1-1 1.1 Risk Assessment Framework..................................................................................1-3 1.2 Report Organization.................................................................................................1-3 2.0 CONCEPTUAL SITE MODELS.................................................................................2-1 2.1 Current and Future Land Uses............................................................................... 2-1 2.2 Human Health Conceptual Site Model.................................................................. 2-1 2.2.1 Receiving Media....................................................................................................2-2 2.2.2 Exposure Setting and Receptors......................................................................... 2-2 2.2.3 Exposure Routes.................................................................................................... 2-3 2.2.4 Exposure Pathways by Receiving Media.......................................................... 2-3 2.2.4.1 Outdoor Air...................................................................................................2-3 2.2.4.2 Groundwater.................................................................................................2-3 2.2.4.3 Surface Water, Sediment, and Fish Tissue................................................2-5 2.2.4.4 Post -Excavation Soil..................................................................................... 2-7 2.3 Ecological Conceptual Site Model.......................................................................... 2-7 2.3.1 Sources and Release Mechanisms....................................................................... 2-7 2.3.2 Exposure Pathways by Receiving Media.......................................................... 2-7 2.3.3 Ecological Receptors............................................................................................. 2-8 2.3.4 Exposure Routes.................................................................................................... 2-9 2.3.5 Exposure Pathways............................................................................................... 2-9 2.3.5.1 Surface Water, Sediment, and Fish.......................................................... 2-10 2.3.5.2 Seeps and Seep Soils...................................................................................2-11 2.3.5.3 Post -Excavation Soil................................................................................... 2-11 2.3.6 Ecological Exposure Areas................................................................................ 2-11 2.4 Revised Conceptual Site Models and Exposure Areas ...................................... 2-12 3.0 DATA EVALUATION................................................................................................. 3-1 3.1 Data Sources.............................................................................................................. 3-1 3.1.1 On -Site Groundwater........................................................................................... 3-1 3.1.2 Surface Water.........................................................................................................3-1 Page i Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION PAGE 3.1.3 Sediment.................................................................................................................3-1 3.2 Background Data Used in Risk Assessment......................................................... 3-1 3.3 Data Summarization.................................................................................................3-2 4.0 HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL SCREENING......................................4-1 4.1 Purpose and Methods..............................................................................................4-1 4.2 Human Health Screening Levels............................................................................ 4-1 4.2.1 Groundwater......................................................................................................... 4-2 4.2.2 Surface Water.........................................................................................................4-2 4.2.3 Sediment.................................................................................................................4-3 4.2.4 Fish Tissue..............................................................................................................4-4 4.3 Ecological Screening Levels.....................................................................................4-4 4.3.1 Surface Water.........................................................................................................4-5 4.3.2 Sediment.................................................................................................................4-5 4.4 Results of Screening for Constituents of Potential Concern...............................4-5 4.4.1 Human Health Screening Results.......................................................................4-6 4.4.2 Ecological Screening Results............................................................................... 4-7 5.0 HUMAN HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT................................................................5-1 5.1 Risk -Based Concentrations...................................................................................... 5-1 5.2 Exposure Point Concentrations............................................................................... 5-1 5.3 Risk Calculation Approach...................................................................................... 5-2 5.4 Risk Calculations Using RBCs................................................................................. 5-3 5.5 Human Health Risk Assessment Results.............................................................. 5-4 5.5.1 On -Site Construction Worker Exposure Scenario ............................................ 5-4 5.5.2 Boater, Swimmer, and Wader Exposure Scenarios..........................................5-4 5.5.3 Fisher Exposure Scenario.....................................................................................5-5 5.6 Findings of Drinking Water Supply Well Surveys .............................................. 5-6 5.7 Provision of Alternative Water Supply................................................................. 5-7 5.7.1 Future Groundwater Use Area........................................................................... 5-8 5.8 Uncertainty Analysis................................................................................................ 5-8 Page ii Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION PAGE 6.0 BASELINE ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT..................................................6-1 6.1 Problem Formulation............................................................................................... 6-1 6.1.1 Refinement of Constituents of Potential Concern ............................................ 6-2 6.1.2 Assessment and Measurement Endpoints........................................................ 6-4 6.1.3 Selection of Ecological Receptors of Interest ..................................................... 6-5 6.2 Exposure and Effects Characterization.................................................................. 6-6 6.2.1 Estimation of Exposure........................................................................................ 6-6 6.2.2 Effects Assessment.............................................................................................. 6-11 6.3 Risk Characterization............................................................................................. 6-11 6.4 Baseline Ecological Risk Assessment Results ..................................................... 6-13 6.5 Environmental Assessment of Marshall Steam Station and Lake Norman ... 6-14 6.6 Uncertainty Analysis.............................................................................................. 6-15 7.0 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS......................................................................... 7-1 7.1 Human Health Risk Assessment............................................................................ 7-1 7.2 Ecological Risk Assessment..................................................................................... 7-2 8.0 REFERENCES................................................................................................................ 8-1 Page iii Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 USGS Location Map Figure 2 Human Health Conceptual Site Model Figure 3 Ecological Conceptual Site Model Figure 4 Sample Location Map Figure 5 Ecological Exposure Areas LIST OF ATTACHMENTS Attachment 1 Risk Assessment Data Sets Attachment 2 Human Health Screening Tables Attachment 3 Ecological Screening Tables Attachment 4 Derivation of Risk -based Concentrations Attachment 5 Human Health Exposure Point Concentration Tables Attachment 6 Human Health Risk Estimates Attachment 7 Ecological Exposure Point Concentration Tables Attachment 8 Ecological Risk Estimates Attachment 9 Federal and State Listed Protected Species Attachment 10 Duke Energy Environmental Assessment of Marshall Steam Station and Lake Norman Page iv Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ADD average daily dose AOW area of wetness ATSDR Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry AUF Area use factor AWQC Ambient Water Quality Criteria BAF Bioaccumulation factor BCF Bioconcentration factor BERA Baseline Ecological Risk Assessment BTV background threshold value CAMA Coal Ash Management Act of 2014 CAP Corrective Action Plan CCR coal combustion residual COPC constituent of potential concern CSA Comprehensive Site Assessment CSM conceptual site model Duke Energy Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC Eco-SSL Ecological soil screening level ELCR excess lifetime cancer risk EMC Environmental Management Commission EPC exposure point concentration EPCc exposure point concentration (for a carcinogenic constituent) EPC.c exposure point concentration (for a non -carcinogenic constituent) ESVs Ecological screening values G.S. North Carolina General Statutes HI hazard index HQ hazard quotient IMAC Interim Maximum Allowable Concentrations LOAEL lowest observed adverse effects level MCL maximum contaminant level NCAC North Carolina Administrative Code NCDENR North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources NCDEQ North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality NCDHHS North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services NCDWM North Carolina Division of Waste Management NCRP National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements NOAEL no observed adverse effects level NPDES National Pollution Discharge Elimination System Page v Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS (CONTINUED) PSRG Preliminary soil remediation goal RBC risk -based concentration RBCc risk -based concentration (for a carcinogenic constituent) RBC.c risk -based concentration (for a noncarcinogenic constituent) RSL Regional screening level ROI receptor of interest SOC Special Order by Consent SMCLSSMCLs Secondary maximum contaminant level SUF Seasonal use factor TRV toxicity reference value UCL upper confidence limit USEPA U. S. Environmental Protection Agency USGS U. S. Geological Survey Page vi Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra 1.0 INTRODUCTION This human health and ecological risk assessment pertaining to the Marshall Steam Station (Marshall, MSS, Site, or Station) was prepared on behalf of Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC (Duke Energy). The risk assessment focuses on the potential effects of coal combustion residuals (CCR) from the Marshall ash basin and adjacent source areas on groundwater, surface water, and sediment. Groundwater flow information was used to focus the risk assessment on areas where exposure of humans and wildlife to CCR constituents could occur. Duke Energy owns and operates Marshall, located in Catawba County, North Carolina (Figure 1). This human health and ecological risk assessment concludes that: 1) there is no evidence of risks to on -Site or off -Site human receptors potentially exposed to CCR constituents that may have migrated from the ash basin; and 2) there is no evidence of risks to ecological receptors potentially exposed to CCR constituents that have migrated from the ash basin. This risk assessment incorporates results from groundwater, surface water, and sediment samples collected March 2015 through June 2019. Duke Energy has collected a substantial amount of data at the Marshall ash basin and adjacent source areas in support of the CAP. Detailed descriptions of Site operational history, physical setting and features, and geology/hydrogeology are documented in the following reports: 1. Comprehensive Site Assessment Report — Marshall Steam Station Ash Basin (HDR 2015a) 2. Corrective Action Plan Part 1 — Marshall Steam Station Ash Basin (HDR 2015b) 3. Corrective Action Plan Part 2 (included CSA Supplement 1 as Appendix A) — Marshall Steam Station Ash Basin (HDR 2016a) 4. Comprehensive Site Assessment Supplement 2 — Marshall Steam Station Ash Basin (HDR 2016b). 5. Comprehensive Site Assessment Update — Marshall Steam Station Ash Basin (SynTerra 2018). 6. Ash Basin Pumping Test Report — Marshall Steam Station (SynTerra 2019a) 7. Surface Water Evaluation to Assess 15A NCAC 02B.0200 Compliance for Implementation of Corrective Action Under 15A NCAC 02L.0106 W and (l) — Marshall Steam Station (SynTerra 2019b) 8. 2018 CAMA Annual Interim Monitoring Report (SynTerra 2019c) Page 1-1 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra Consistent with the iterative risk assessment process and guidance, updates to the risk assessment have been made to the original 2016 risk assessment (HDR, 2016c) in order to incorporate new site data and refine conceptual site models. This risk assessment was prepared in accordance with a work plan for risk assessment of CCR-affected media at Duke Energy sites (Haley & Aldrich, 2015). Risk assessment updates have largely followed the work plan procedures. Updates to the work plan procedures include: • CCR constituents evaluated in the risk assessment were conservatively assumed to be 100 percent bioavailable. • Ecological exposure parameters and toxicity data for some wildlife receptors were updated and cited in the ecological risk output tables. • No statistical treatment of background surface water and sediment data was performed. Instead, CCR constituent exposure concentrations are compared to measured background data for those media. • The bioconcentration factor (BCF) of cobalt used to estimate concentration of the constituent in fish tissue was revised to 300 (ERD, 1999). The following risk assessment reports have been prepared: 1. Baseline Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment, Appendix F of the CAP Part 2 (HDR, 2016c) 2. Comprehensive Site Assessment (CSA) Update (SynTerra, 2018a) 3. Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment Summary Update for Marshall Steam Station, Appendix B of Community Impact Analysis of Ash Basin Closure Options at the Marshall Steam Station (Exponent, 2018) To help evaluate options for groundwater corrective action, this risk assessment characterized potential effects on human health and the environment related to naturally occurring elements, associated with coal ash, present in environmental media. Corrective action will be implemented with the goal of keeping future Site conditions protective of human health and the environment, as required by the 2014 North Carolina General Assembly Session Law 2014-122, Coal Ash Management Act (CAMA). This risk assessment follows the methods of the 2016 risk assessment (HDR, 2016c) and is based on North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources (NCDENR, 2003), North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ, 2017), and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) risk assessment guidance (USEPA, 1989; 1991a; 1998). The NCDEQ Technical Guidance for Risk -based Environmental Page 1-2 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra Remediation of Sites contains a risk calculator for deriving human health risk -based remediation goals (NCDEQ, 2017). While this risk assessment follows similar procedures, North Carolina's Session Law 2015-286 does not allow the technical guidance and risk calculator to be used at CAMA sites. Areas of wetness (AOWs) associated with engineered structures, also referred to as "constructed seeps," are being addressed in National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permits and are not subject to this risk assessment update due to the permitted status. Other AOWs (non -constructed seeps) are addressed under a Special Order by Consent (SOC) issued by the North Carolina Environmental Management Commission (EMC SOC WQ S17-009) and therefore are also not subject to this risk assessment update. The AOWs are expected to reduce in flow or be eliminated after decanting of the active ash basins as a component of basin closure. The SOC requires that seeps remaining after decanting are to be addressed with a corrective action plan to "protect public health, safety, and welfare, the environment, and natural resources" (EMC SOC WQ S17-009, 2. d.). 1.1 Risk Assessment Framework The framework for the risk assessment follows a stepwise process. The steps include: Step 1: Development of conceptual site models (CSMs) showing the type of affected media, exposure routes and pathways, and human and ecological receptors that might occur at the Site Step 2: Comparison of analytical data with applicable state and federal human health and ecological screening values (ESVs) to identify constituents of potential concern (COPCs) Step 3: Derivation of Site -specific human health risk -based concentrations (RBCs) for COPCs, derivation of exposure point concentrations (EPCs), and comparison of EPCs with the RBCs to draw conclusions about the potential human health risks at the Site Step 4: Development of Site -specific wildlife exposure concentrations for comparison with COPC-specific toxicity reference values (TRVs) to draw conclusions about potential risks to wildlife at the Site 1.2 Report Organization This report is organized into the following sections: Section 1 presents an introduction, regulatory context, and report organization. Page 1-3 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra Section 2 presents the human health and ecological conceptual site models, describing source(s), potentially affected media, potential migration pathways, and applicable exposure routes. Section 3 describes the Site data used in the risk assessments, the investigation programs under which the data were collected, analytical methods used, and data quality. Section 4 presents a discussion of how data collected from environmental media at the Site were compared with human health and ecological screening levels. The section also describes the process used for the selection of COPCs. Section 5 presents the human health risk assessment. The risk assessment was conducted by calculating Site -specific RBCs, which were used as the basis for calculating potential human health risks. This section presents potential exposure scenarios, chemical -specific variables, and equations used to develop the RBCs. This section also summarizes the comparison of RBCs with EPCs for each environmental medium, and how the data were used to derive Site -specific risk estimates for human health. Section 6 presents the ecological risk characterization, including the ecological food web modeling results. Section 7 presents the risk assessment conclusions. Section 8 presents the references cited in this report. Page 1-4 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra 2.0 CONCEPTUAL SITE MODELS Human health and ecological CSMs were developed to guide identification of exposure pathways, exposure routes, and potential receptors for evaluation. The CSMs describe the sources and potential migration pathways through which groundwater migration from the ash basin might have transported CCR-related constituents to other environmental media (receiving media) and, in turn, to potential human and ecological receptors. The linkage between a source, the receiving medium, and a point of potential exposure is called an exposure pathway. For an exposure pathway to be complete, the following conditions must exist (USEPA, 1989): 1. A source and mechanism of chemical release to the environment 2. An environmental transport medium (e.g., air, water, soil) 3. A point of potential contact with the receiving medium by a receptor 4. A receptor exposure route at the point of contact (e.g., inhalation, ingestion, dermal contact) The CSM is meant to be a "living" model that can be updated and modified as additional data and information become available. 2.1 Current and Future Land Uses Marshall is located in the Catawba River watershed (Figure 1). The ash basin is located along the west bank of Lake Norman (former Catawba River). The only surface water intake associated with the Site is located in Lake Norman at the southern end of the intake canal, adjacent to the Plant. Land use within the 0.5-mile radius of the ash basin compliance boundary generally consists of undeveloped land and Lake Norman to the east, undeveloped land and residential properties located to the north and west, portions of Marshall (outside the compliance boundary), undeveloped land, and residences to the south, and commercial properties to the southeast along North Carolina Highway 150. 2.2 Human Health Conceptual Site Model The human health risk assessment CSM for Marshall was developed by: 1. Identifying receiving media where COPCs might be present 2. Identifying the exposure setting and current and future land uses, which allowed for identification of receptor populations Page 2-1 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra 3. Identifying the exposure routes applicable to each of the receptor populations and receiving media The ultimate product of the CSM is identification of potentially complete exposure pathways for specific land -use populations. The original CSM for potential human receptors is presented in the 2016 risk assessment (HDR, 2016). Figure 2 presents the updated CSM, which serves as the basis of this risk evaluation. 2.2.1 Receiving Media COPCs potentially could migrate from the ash basin to soil, groundwater, surface water, sediment, and air. Principal migration pathways could include: 1) infiltration and percolation of rainwater through the coal ash basin, resulting in leaching of coal ash -derived COPCs into soil beneath the basin and subsequently to groundwater; 2) migration of COPCs in groundwater and subsequent discharge of groundwater to the land surface or directly to surface water; and 3) surface run-off and erosion into surface water bodies. Particles eroded into surface water can settle as submerged sediment. COPCs in groundwater discharge to surface water can adsorb to sediment. COPCs in soil and surface water can be potentially taken up by plants, fish, and other aquatic organisms. COPCs in unsaturated media may be entrained as dust in outdoor air. Potential receiving media include: • Outdoor air • Groundwater • On -Site seep water and seep soil (AOW) • On -Site soil beneath the coal ash basin • On -Site surface water and sediment • Off -Site surface water, sediment, and fish The coal ash and ponded water in the basin are not considered direct exposure media for this risk assessment, as the ash basin is part of the permitted waste treatment system at the Site. 2.2.2 Exposure Setting and Receptors The ash basin is located on property owned by Duke Energy. Land use surrounding the property not under the control of Duke Energy may include undisturbed open space, rural areas, recreational areas, and water bodies. The Page 2-2 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra land will be retained by Duke Energy. Based on this information, receptors on Duke Energy -controlled property (i.e., on -Site) could include: • Trespassers (current and future use) • Commercial or industrial workers (current and future use) • Construction workers (current and future use) Potential receptors on property not controlled by Duke Energy (i.e., off -Site) could include: • Residents (current and future use) Recreational users, including people who swim, wade, boat, or fish in Lake Norman that might be receiving media for COPCs (current and future use) • Subsistence fishers in Lake Norman that might be receiving media from COPCs (current and future use) 2.2.3 Exposure Routes Exposure routes by which humans potentially can be exposed to COPCs in environmental media at the Site include ingestion, dermal contact, and inhalation. More than one exposure route might be applicable to each of the exposure media. 2.2.4 Exposure Pathways by Receiving Media Potential human receptor exposure pathways for each of the receiving media are described in the following sections. 2.2.4.1 Outdoor Air Particulates (i.e., dust) that are released from soil via wind erosion or human activity can migrate downwind with air dispersion. On -site receptors potentially could inhale substances entrained in the dust. Construction activities that disturb soil could expose construction workers to COPCs entrained in dust. Therefore, this is a potentially complete exposure pathway. 2.2.4.2 Groundwater Where groundwater is used as a source of drinking water, off -Site residents might potentially be exposed to COPCs if leaching to groundwater and Page 2-3 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra subsequent migration of groundwater to a potable well point occurs. Exposure of off -Site receptors to COPCs in groundwater will occur only if there is a complete exposure pathway (i.e., groundwater containing COPCs migrates to an off -Site receptor's water supply well). ). Section 5 of the Marshall CAP provides a summary of municipal and water supply wells surrounding the property. Surveys have been conducted to identify potential receptors for groundwater, including public and private water supply wells and surface water features within a 0.5-mile radius of the ash basin compliance boundary. No public or private drinking water wells or wellhead protection areas were found to be located downgradient of the ash basin. No sampled water supply wells were determined to be impacted by groundwater from beneath the ash basin. This finding has been supported by field observations, a review of public records, an evaluation of historical groundwater flow direction data, and results of groundwater flow and transport modeling. The location and information pertaining to water wells located upgradient or side -gradient of the Site, within 0.5-miles of the compliance boundary, were included in Section 5 of the CAP. Although results from local water supply well testing do not indicate effects from the source area, water supply wells identified within the 0.5-mile radius from ash basin compliance boundary have been offered a water treatment system, per G.S. 130A-309.211(cl) requirements. No sampled water supply wells were deemed impacted by groundwater from the ash basin. The drinking water pathway assumes that residents use groundwater as a source of water supply and are exposed via ingestion as drinking water and dermal contact during household uses and bathing/showering. The inhalation exposure route is not complete for non-volatile substances (e.g., metals) in groundwater. Duke Energy maintains control over the Marshall property and uses it for industrial purposes. The Marshall property is not to be used for residential purposes, and Site groundwater is not used as a source of drinking water. Analytical results of samples taken from groundwater monitoring wells between the ash basin and off -Site residences do not indicate plume migration toward former supply wells. CCR indicator constituents such as boron and sulfate have not been detected in the monitoring wells or supply wells, or if detected, the concentrations were no greater than a fraction of North Carolina's applicable groundwater standards (15A North Carolina Page 2-4 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra Administrative Code (NCAC) 02L.0202), and similar to Site -specific background values. Currently, residences west and north of the Site are connected to domestic water lines from the public water supply. Consequently, no complete exposure pathway exists for groundwater used for potable purposes. Future Site use is anticipated to remain the same. On -Site construction workers potentially could be exposed to coal ash - derived COPCs in groundwater via incidental ingestion and dermal contact if shallow groundwater is encountered during construction and maintenance activities such as with basin closure. Therefore, this is a potentially complete exposure pathway. Groundwater data from on -Site wells sampled during the CSA program were used in calculating the EPCs for this scenario. This recent data was used in evaluating risk to construction workers as it is representative of conditions that exist at the Site. 2.2.4.3 Surface Water, Sediment, and Fish Tissue Potential exposures to COPCs that have migrated into surface water and sediment could occur through ingestion and dermal contact. However, the specific nature of potential exposures is dependent on the type of water body. Specifically: • Dermal contact with shallow surface water (e.g., less than 3 feet in depth) can occur via wading. Wading exposures potentially could occur for on -Site trespassers; therefore, this is a potentially complete exposure pathway. Incidental ingestion and dermal contact with deeper surface water (e.g., more than 3 feet in depth) could occur via swimming. Swimming is not allowed at any of the on -Site areas evaluated as part of this assessment. On -Site tributaries are not deep enough to allow for swimming; therefore, this exposure pathway is not considered complete for on -Site water bodies. Exposures during swimming could be complete for off -Site recreational visitors using Lake Norman, depending on the overall setting of the off -Site area. • Dermal contact with off -Site surface water could occur during boating or fishing activities. Since these types of activities are not associated with intense exposures to water (such as swimming), incidental ingestion of surface water would be insignificant. Therefore, this is a potentially complete exposure pathway. Page 2-5 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra • USEPA Region 4 (USEPA, 2014) provides the following with respect to potential exposure to sediments: "Sediments in an intermittent stream should be considered as surface soil for the portion of the year the stream is without water. In most cases, it is unnecessary to evaluate human exposures to sediments that are always covered by surface water." In accordance with this guidance, incidental ingestion and dermal contact with sediment could occur for on -Site trespassers or off -Site recreational visitors if the sediment is not submerged beneath surface water. In areas where sediment is submerged, this exposure pathway is incomplete. However, this is a potentially complete exposure pathway in areas where sediment is exposed and dry. • Ingestion of COPCs could occur if people catch and eat fish that have accumulated such substances in their edible tissues. In order for this pathway to be complete, fish species that are large enough for consumption would have to be present in Lake Norman. It should also be recognized that a portion of the metal body burden in fish tissues (e.g., mercury, selenium) may be contributed by background levels in sediment and surface water from natural occurrence or other sources. Direct ingestion of fish (tissue) caught from Lake Norman is a potentially complete exposure pathway. COPC concentrations in surface water were compared with their respective calculated risk -based concentrations (RBCs) (that incorporate and are therefore protective of the fish ingestion pathway) in the risk assessment for both recreational and subsistence fishers. • Lake Norman is classified as Class WS-IV water and is the source of local and regional drinking water supply. Municipalities and industries that use Lake Norman water as their source of potable water for distribution to the public treat the water (e.g., filter, disinfection, pH adjustment) as necessary to achieve federal and state drinking water standards. To be conservative, the exposure pathway from surface water to a residence is identified as potentially complete, and municipal treatment of surface water to meet federal drinking water standards has not been assumed. This pathway is evaluated by comparing surface water analytical data collected from Lake Norman with drinking water -based screening levels. Page 2-6 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra 2.2.4.4 Post -Excavation Soil Post -excavation soil is a medium for evaluation after basin closure is performed. It is included here as a receiving medium with a complete exposure pathway for evaluation in the future. 2.3 Ecological Conceptual Site Model The ecological CSM was developed in a similar manner as the human health CSM described above (i.e., identify sources and media where Site -related COPCs may be present, determine the exposure pathways, identify the types of receptors, and identify the exposure routes applicable to each of the receptor populations' direct or indirect ingestion of COPCs). The original CSM for potential ecological receptors is presented in Figure 2-4 of the 2016 risk assessment (HDR, 2016). The updated ecological CSM is presented in Figure 3 of this report. For surface water, the distribution of the constituents between the dissolved and particulate phases is relevant in characterizing exposures. Chemical and physical transformations that lead to a variety of chemical species, particularly for metals/metalloids, might occur. Those occurrences might have important implications for assessing the bioavailability of chemicals to ecological receptors and subsequent potential for adverse effects. Information developed for the CSM was used to develop the screening assessment (Section 4) and the development of the Baseline Ecological Risk Assessment (BERA). 2.3.1 Sources and Release Mechanisms Primary release mechanisms refer to how COPCs might be transported from the original sources; secondary sources are environmental media that receive direct or indirect chemical inputs from the primary source via chemical flow and transport mechanisms. Flow and transport mechanisms include infiltration into soils leaching to groundwater. Secondary sources include exposed soil (after events such as closure of an ash basin). Secondary release mechanisms include migration of COPCs from soil or groundwater to surface water and sediment. For the purpose of this risk assessment, the potential and known source of COPCs (principally metals) is associated with the coal ash basin. 2.3.2 Exposure Pathways by Receiving Media As shown on Figure 2, COPCs potentially could migrate from the coal ash basin to soil (beneath the coal ash basin), groundwater, surface water, sediment, and air. Principal migration pathways could include: 1) the infiltration and percolation of rainwater through the coal ash basin, resulting in leaching of coal - ash COPCs into soil beneath the basin and subsequently to groundwater; 2) migration of COPCs in groundwater and subsequent discharge of groundwater to surface water; 3) run-off of surface water and/or erosion into surface water Page 2-7 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra bodies. Eroded particles in surface water can settle and be incorporated into sediment, and COPCs in groundwater discharge can adsorb to sediment particles. COPCs in soil and surface water also can be taken up by biota; and 4) COPCs in unsaturated media can be entrained as dusts in outdoor air. Receiving media include: • Outdoor air • Groundwater • On -Site seep water and seep soil (AOW) • On -Site surface water, sediment, and biotic tissue • On -Site soil beneath the coal ash basin (post -excavation soils) • On -Site surface water, sediment, and biotic tissue • Off -Site surface water, sediment, and biotic tissue Groundwater and air are not traditionally evaluated in ecological risk assessments, as the exposure pathway is either incomplete (groundwater) or insignificant (air). Although consumption (drinking) of surface water is evaluated in the BERA, exposure via this pathway does not typically contribute substantially to exposure and subsequent effects from COPCs for ecological receptors. 2.3.3 Ecological Receptors Ecological receptors are represented by "indicator" or "surrogate" organisms that represent other animals within their generic class, order, or family. The receptor groups evaluated in the BERA were selected on the basis that they commonly occur on and nearby Duke Energy sites, and they represent most species with the potential for exposure to CCR constituents that may have migrated from the ash basin. While some receptor groups are not specifically evaluated, such as plant communities and amphibians and reptiles, the conservative assumptions and procedures inherent in the risk assessment process are likely protective of those potential receptors. Ecological receptors selected for this BERA include: • Benthic macroinvertebrates • Fish • Birds Page 2-8 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra • Mammals As presented on Figure 3, birds and mammals can be classified as either aquatic or terrestrial. Aquatic species would represent organisms that forage or nest in streams, rivers, or lakes; for Duke Energy facilities, that can include both on -site and off -Site areas. Terrestrial organisms would represent organisms that forage or nest in upland areas, which, for the Duke Energy facilities, are generally on - site areas. The indicator species listed on Figure 3 are used to represent the terrestrial and aquatic receptors at Marshall. Home range/foraging area sizes were considered when evaluating potential exposures for those receptor species. 2.3.4 Exposure Routes Ingestion, dermal contact, and inhalation are potential routes by which ecological receptors could be exposed at the Site. With the exception of benthic invertebrates and fish (with gill exposure), ingestion is considered to be the primary route contributing to food chain exposure (i.e., mammals and birds). While surface (drinking) water is addressed, this pathway is typically a minor contributor to risk, as many animals either obtain adequate hydration through ingestion of their prey or the volume of drinking water consumed is low compared to their overall body weight. Dermal exposure is not a significant pathway, as the presence of fur, feathers, or a thick integument prevents substantial exposure to soils (preening also results in the inadvertent ingestion of soils/sediment). 2.3.5 Exposure Pathways Although many types of birds and mammals might potentially be exposed to background and Site -related COPCs, receptors selected as indicator receptors in this assessment are expected to be ubiquitous in terms of regional habitat. Habitats surrounding representative sample locations at Marshall are considered primarily aquatic; therefore, the exposure pathways associated with aquatic receptors were evaluated for this Site. Exposure pathways associated with terrestrial receptors are considered incomplete. The respective exposure media and exposure routes are as follows: • Benthic invertebrates — Surface water and sediment are the principal exposure pathways for benthic invertebrates, as these organisms are in intimate contact with these media. Page 2-9 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra Fish — Surface water is a critical exposure pathway for fish, as their gill membrane is continuously exposed to this medium; metal toxicity to aquatic organisms is typically mediated at the surface water/gill interface. • Aquatic Birds Mallard (omnivore) — Plants and benthic invertebrates are the primary exposure media via ingestion for dabbling ducks; sediment is inadvertently ingested when feeding on invertebrates at the bottom of the water body. Great blue heron and bald eagle (piscivore) — Ingestion of fish is the primary component of the diet, and therefore the primary route of exposure. Killdeer (invertivore) — Ingestion of small invertebrates such as midges, mayflies, flies (particularly their larvae), snails, crayfish, earthworms, and some terrestrial insects, grasshoppers, beetles, worms, snails, and small crustaceans is the primary food source. Diet may also consist of small seeds. Sediment is inadvertently ingested during feeding. • Aquatic Mammals Muskrat (herbivore) — Ingestion of wetland plants is the primary component of the diet, and sediment is inadvertently ingested during feeding. River otter (piscivore) — Ingestion of fish is the primary component of the diet (no incidental ingestion of sediment), and therefore the primary route of exposure. Reptiles and amphibians likely inhabit the exposure areas evaluated in the risk assessment. However, there is limited toxicity and exposure information for foodweb modeling, which presents and uncertainty in the risk assessment. 2.3.5.1 Surface Water, Sediment, and Fish Surface water and sediment are the principal exposure pathways for benthic invertebrates, as these organisms are in intimate contact with these media. Surface water is a critical exposure pathway for fish, as their gill membrane is continuously exposed to this medium; metal toxicity to aquatic organisms is typically mediated at the surface water/gill interface. Benthic invertebrates and plants can uptake metals from surface water and potentially accumulate them in tissue (i.e., bioconcentration). Some fish feed Page 2-10 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra on invertebrates or plants and can, in turn, be exposed to the metals via ingestion that have been taken up by lower trophic level organisms. For fish, direct uptake from surface water is the predominant exposure pathway for metals. Piscivorous birds (e.g., herons) and mammals (e.g., river otter) consume fish as the main component of their diet. Omnivorous birds such as mallards also consume aquatic plants and benthic invertebrates. Exposure to Site -related COPCs will therefore be indirect, i.e., accumulated from surface water and sediment into fish or aquatic plants which are then subsequently consumed. The inadvertent ingestion of sediment is also an important exposure pathway for some avian and mammalian receptors. Birds that feed off the bottom of a water body (e.g., dabbling ducks) and birds that glean insects or worms in the sediment or soil (e.g., stilts, killdeer, robins) can inadvertently ingest significant amounts of sediment, up to 30 percent of the weight of their diet. Similarly, mammals can inadvertently ingest soil or sediment when ingesting their prey. 2.3.5.2 Seeps and Seep Soils On -site receptors, such as mammals and birds, have the potential to be exposed to seeps and seep soil adjacent to the ash basin. Seeps may be evaluated separately from the surface water bodies as the potential for exposure may be limited due to the discrete size of each seep and isolated location(s). Potential exposure may occur to seeps soil via incidental ingestion of the soil or dietary ingestion of plants or invertebrates that have been exposed to metals from seep soil. Because AOWs are currently being addressed in NPDES permits or the SOC, they are not subject to this risk assessment. 2.3.5.3 Post -Excavation Soil Post -excavation soil is a medium for evaluation after basin closure is performed. It is included here as a receiving medium so that the risk -based methods for evaluating this medium in the future are in place. 2.3.6 Ecological Exposure Areas The ecological risk assessment evaluated areas on -Site and off -Site where wildlife would likely be exposed to COPCs that might have migrated from the ash basin through groundwater or surface water features. The 2016 risk assessment evaluated two ecological exposure areas (Figure 4): Page 2-11 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra • Ecological Exposure Area 1, located west of the ash basin • Ecological Exposure Area 2, located east of the ash basin Potentially affected areas on -Site were classified as both terrestrial and aquatic and evaluated for exposure to COPCs. The terrestrial and aquatic habitat of Lake Norman were included in the on -Site and off -Site exposure areas evaluated in the 2016 assessment. 2.4 Revised Conceptual Site Models and Exposure Areas New information regarding groundwater flow and the treatment of source areas other than the ash basin has resulted in refinement of exposure pathways and exposure areas. The CSMs (Figure 2 and Figure 3) reflect potentially complete exposure pathways with potential risks. Human health risks were evaluated Site -wide and in adjacent areas as depicted in Figure 4. Ecological exposure areas evaluated in the BERA are depicted in Figure 5. Changes to the CSMs include: • Exposure to COPCs by Site workers is considered incomplete. Duke Energy maintains strict health and safety requirements and training, and the use of personal protective equipment (e.g., boots, gloves, safety glasses) and other safety behaviors exhibited by Site workers limits exposure to COPCs. • The number of ecological exposure areas was reduced from two to one, as depicted in Figure 3. Ecological exposure area 2 (evaluated in the 2016 risk assessment) was eliminated because updated modeling and data collection demonstrate that the area is not influenced by groundwater migration from the ash basin and is considered upgradient or background. • Exclusion of AOWs from the current risk assessment also renders exposure of coal ash constituents to the commercial/industrial worker and trespasser incomplete. • Surface water sampling and sediment sampling of Lake Norman allows for direct assessment, rather than using AOW data as a surrogate. Page 2-12 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra 3.0 DATA EVALUATION Data evaluated for the risk assessment included samples of groundwater, surface water, and sediments collected from March 2015 to June 2019. Environmental samples were analyzed and reported under the quality assurance/quality control program of the Duke Energy Analytical Laboratory (Huntersville, NC). Data underwent Stage II data validation in general accordance with USEPA Functional Guidelines for Evaluating Inorganics Analyses (USEPA 1994, as updated). Data identified as usable during the validation process were included in the risk assessment dataset. 3.1 Data Sources Appendix C of the Marshall CAP report contains a comprehensive data summary for the Site. Attachment 1 of this report provides a summary of sample locations with associated data that was evaluated in this assessment. Sample locations are presented on Figure 4. 3.1.1 On -Site Groundwater Groundwater samples were collected from 166 monitoring wells located downgradient of the ash basin. 3.1.2 Surface Water Sixteen surface water samples in Lake Norman were collected and included in this assessment. 3.1.3 Sediment Nine sediment samples in Lake Norman were collected and included in this assessment. 3.2 Background Data Used in Risk Assessment Sampling locations considered background were not included in the risk assessment EPC calculations but will be considered as part of the comparative results evaluation. Site -specific background locations were selected for groundwater, soil, surface water, and sediment as described in the Section 4 of the CAP Update Report (SynTerra, 2019). Background threshold values (BTVs) for surface water and sediment were not calculated; however, background locations for surface water and sediment were approved as part of the evaluation of potential groundwater -to -surface water impacts (Appendix J of the CAP). Background surface water sample locations are located upstream from, or outside of, potential groundwater impact from the source area to surface water. Page 3-1 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra 3.3 Data Summarization Laboratory data were analyzed and summarized using data management software. From these data, screening tables were developed for the purposes of comparing detected concentrations of constituents in site media to human health and ecological screening values to identify COPCs. These data were then analyzed using ProUCL (V. 5.0.00; USEPA, 2013a) to calculate EPCs of each COPC. Page 3-2 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra 4.0 HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL SCREENING Laboratory results from sample analyses were compiled and summarized for comparison with USEPA and NCDEQ human health and ESVs. Summarized data included number of samples, frequency of detection, minimum and maximum concentrations, location of maximum value for each constituent, range of detection limits, concentration used for screening (i.e., maximum result), established screening values, screening value used, COPC identification, and COPC selection rationale. 4.1 Purpose and Methods Groundwater, surface water, and sediment data were evaluated using screening levels to select COPCs. Screening levels are concentrations of constituents in environmental media (e.g., soil) considered to be protective under most circumstances; their use requires a detailed understanding of the underlying assumptions in the CSM, including land use and the presence of sensitive populations. The presence of a constituent in environmental media at concentrations less than the media and constituent -specific screening level is generally assumed to not pose a significant threat to human health or the environment. If a constituent concentration is greater than the screening level, it does not necessarily indicate adverse effects on human health or the environment; it indicates only that additional evaluation might be warranted. Screening levels are used in this report to help in identifying COPCs, with the COPCs then being carried forward into the evaluation of risk at the Site. 4.2 Human Health Screening Levels Attachment 2 presents constituent screening levels protective of human health used in this evaluation, and the medium -specific screening levels are discussed below. For each medium, screening is conducted by comparing maximum detected concentrations of COPCs to one or more screening values that are applicable to the potentially complete exposure pathways for the medium. This method of evaluation follows USEPA's Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund, Part B (USEPA, 1991a). COPCs detected at concentrations greater than screening levels are retained for further evaluation in the human health risk assessment (Section 5). Screening levels used in the screening assessment are indicated in the tables provided in Attachment 2. At the time of the screening, the levels were considered the most recent published values. Screening levels are routinely updated. Page 4-1 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra 4.2.1 Groundwater The maximum detected concentration of constituents in groundwater were compared with published screening levels listed below. Human health screening levels for groundwater are generally derived to be protective of the use of groundwater as a drinking water source. The human health screening levels for groundwater used in this analysis are from federal and state sources and address the drinking water exposure pathway. These sources, in the order in which they are used, are: • North Carolina 15A North Carolina Administrative Code (NCAC) 02L.0202 Groundwater Standards (02L) and Interim Maximum Allowable Concentrations (IMACs) (NCDENR, 2013a) • North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services (NCDHHS) Screening Levels for Water Supply Well Sampling Near Coal Ash Facilities (NCDHHS, 2015) • USEPA 2012 Edition of the Drinking Water Standards and Health Advisories, Spring 2012 (USEPA, 2012) • USEPA Regional Screening Levels (RSLs), May 2019, values for tap water (USEPA, 2019) The screening levels obtained from these sources include: • USEPA's primary drinking water standards or maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) • USEPA's secondary drinking water standards or secondary maximum contaminant levels (SMCLs) • USEPA's tap water (drinking water) RSLs 4.2.2 Surface Water The maximum detected concentration of constituents detected in surface water were compared with the screening levels identified below. Human health screening levels for surface water are generally derived to be protective of the use of surface water as a drinking water source and the consumption of fish from a surface water body. The drinking water screening levels are also protective of recreational uses of a surface water body (such as swimming or boating) because drinking water exposure is of a higher magnitude and frequency. Federal and state human health screening levels for surface water are incorporated in this Page 4-2 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra analysis and address the drinking water exposure pathway and the fish consumption pathway (State of NC values). For surface water bodies that are a source of public drinking water (e.g., Lake Norman), these screening level sources are used in the following order: • North Carolina 15A NCAC 02L.0202 Groundwater Standards and Interim Maximum Allowable Concentrations )IMACs)s (NCDENR, 2013a) • North Carolina 15A NCAC 2B Human Health Surface Water Standards; Classifications and Water Quality Standards Applicable to Surface Waters and Wetlands of North Carolina - values for WS - Water Supply and HH - Human Health Standards (NCDENR, 2013b) • USEPA Ambient Water Quality Criteria (AWQC) for Human Health Consumption of Water and Organism and Consumption of Organism Only (USEPA, 2015a) • USEPA 2018 Edition of the Drinking Water Standards and Health Advisories, Spring 2018 (USEPA, 2018a) • USEPA RSLs, May 2019, values for tap water (USEPA, 2019) 4.2.3 Sediment For sediment, screening levels for soil are used as a surrogate in the absence of available published sediment screening levels. The maximum concentration of constituents detected in sediment are compared with the following screening levels, in the order in which they are used: • North Carolina Preliminary Residential and Industrial Health Based Soil Remediation Goal (PSRG) (NCDEQ, 2019) • USEPA RSLs for residential and industrial soil (USEPA, 2019) The NC PSRGs are risk -based screening levels that are based on the USEPA RSLs for residential and industrial soil (USEPA, 2019). The RSLs are protective for incidental ingestion, dermal contact, and dust inhalation exposure pathways. The residential RSLs are based on an exposure frequency of 350 days and exposure duration of 26 years, and the industrial soil RSLs are based on an exposure frequency of 250 days per year and exposure duration of 25 years for an adult worker. The RSLs are based on a target excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) of 1x10-6 and a non -cancer hazard quotient (HQ) of 1. The PSRGs were developed by NCDEQ by adjusting the non -cancer -based RSLs to a target hazard Page 4-3 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra index (HI, which is being used interchangeably with the term HQ) of 0.2 to account for multiple COPCs potentially acting on the same target organ (NCDEQ, 2015). To be consistent, the RSLs in Attachment 2 have also been adjusted to a target HI of 0.2 for non -carcinogens. The residential screening levels are used to evaluate non -worker exposures to soil (trespasser exposures), and the industrial screening levels are used to evaluate worker exposure to soil. These screening levels would also apply to post -excavation soils. 4.2.4 Fish Tissue Fish tissue COPCs are based on the surface water COPC screening process. The surface water COPCs screening process takes into consideration the potential for human exposure through ingestion of water, dermal contact with water and, for some compounds, ingestion of aquatic organisms (e.g., fish). Surface water COPCs are used in this risk assessment to identify constituents that may also be fish tissue COPCs. 4.3 Ecological Screening Levels Surface water and sediment data were compared with ESVs (Attachment 3) that are designed to provide a conservative estimate of the concentration to which an ecological receptor can be exposed without experiencing adverse health effects. Due to the conservative methods used to derive screening levels, it can be assumed with reasonable certainty that concentrations less than screening levels will not result in any adverse effects to receptor survival, growth, and/or reproduction, and, therefore, no further evaluation is necessary. Concentrations greater than conservative risk -based screening levels, however, do not necessarily indicate that a potential ecological risk exists, but rather that further evaluation may be warranted. Attachment 3 presents the ecological screening levels that are used for the initial evaluation of COPCs, and the hierarchy for the media -specific screening levels is discussed below. For each medium, the initial screening is conducted by comparing maximum detected concentrations of COPCs with one or more screening values that are applicable to the potentially complete exposure pathways for the medium. This method of evaluation follows USEPA guidance for conducting screening level ecological risk assessments (USEPA, 2015b). Metals with concentrations that are greater than screening levels are retained as COPCs for further evaluation in the BERA (Section 6). Page 4-4 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra 4.3.1 Surface Water Surface water quality criteria are calculated from controlled laboratory tests on freshwater or marine organisms that are protective of the most sensitive organism (often zooplankton, such as daphnids) for the most sensitive life stage (typically reproduction). The following criteria are used to evaluate the levels of metals in off -Site surface water, in the order in which they are to be used: • North Carolina 15A NCAC 2B Surface Water Standards; Classifications and Water Quality Standards Applicable to Surface Waters and Wetlands of North Carolina; Freshwater Aquatic Life Chronic (NCDENR, 2013b) • USEPA Region 4 Freshwater Chronic Screening Values (USEPA, 2015c) • USEPA AWQC Freshwater Chronic (USEPA, 2015b) 4.3.2 Sediment Sediment screening values, often called sediment quality values, are frequently based on a number of databases or consensus -based studies that determine a concentration less than which there is a low probability for adverse effects on benthic macroinvertebrates. Many of these values were developed from environmental samples that were "mixtures" of metals so that the actual response due to a single element or metal may be conservatively biased by a co - contaminant. USEPA Region 4 Ecological Screening Values for Sediment (USEPA, 2018c) are used to evaluate levels of metals in both on -site and off -Site sediments. These ESVs generally represent the lowest value that will be protective of the most sensitive species and/or life stage for sediment dwelling organisms. 4.4 Results of Screening for Constituents of Potential Concern The result of this screening is a list of COPCs to be further evaluated quantitatively in the risk assessment. The risk assessment results are used to evaluate the potential risk to humans and ecological receptors posed by constituent concentrations that are greater than regulatory risk targets. The medium at risk is identified. Screening levels for both human health and ecological receptors (Attachment 2 and Attachment 3) are employed, using the hierarchy for screening level selection for each medium as identified in the sections above to identify the appropriate screening level for each analyte. COPCs are identified as those constituents having a maximum detected concentration greater than the selected screening level. The following categories are used to determine if a constituent is considered a COPC: Page 4-5 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra 1. The constituent is identified as a COPC because the maximum detected concentration is greater than the screening level. 2. The constituent is not identified as a COPC because all detected concentrations are less than the applicable screening level. 3. The constituent is not identified as a COPC because it was not detected at a concentration greater than the quantitation limit; and the quantitation limit is less than the screening level. 4. The constituent is not identified as a COPC because it was not detected at a concentration greater than the quantitation limit; however, the quantitation limit(s) is greater than the screening level. 5. The constituent was detected, but there is no current screening value available (for example, screening values are not available for essential nutrients such as calcium, potassium, magnesium, sodium) and the constituent is therefore not identified as a COPC. 6. The constituent is not identified as a COPC because it was not detected at a concentration greater than the quantitation limit and there is no current screening level available. Designation as Category 1 identifies a constituent as a COPC and advances it into further investigation in the human health and ecological risk assessments. Selection of Categories 2 through 6 result in a constituent not being included in the list of potential COPCs, and not advancing into the quantitative risk assessment. This screening process results in a list of COPCs that are then quantitatively evaluated in the risk assessments. While the CSM was developed to address potential source - migration pathway -receptor linkages for coal ash -derived COPCs, it is important to note that the COPCs identified from the screening process are not necessarily coal -ash derived. Naturally occurring inorganic constituents can be present at concentrations greater than conservative risk -based screening levels. Background constituent levels will be considered in the discussion of the results of the risk assessment. 4.4.1 Human Health Screening Results Attachment 2 contains the human health screening tables. The following constituents were retained as COPCs for evaluation in the human health risk assessment. Page 4-6 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra Medium/Location COPC Surface Water - Lake Norman Aluminum, boron, chromium (VI), cobalt, manganese, zinc Sediment - Lake Norman Aluminum, arsenic, cobalt, manganese, thallium Groundwater Aluminum, antimony, arsenic, barium, beryllium, boron, cadmium, chromium (total), chromium (VI), cobalt, lithium, manganese, mercury, molybdenum, nickel, Radium (total), selenium, strontium, thallium, vanadium, zinc 4.4.2 Ecological Screening Results Attachment 3 contains the ecological screening tables. The following constituents were retained as COPCs for evaluation in the baseline ecological risk assessment. Medium/Location ICOPC Surface Water - Lake Norman Aluminum, cobalt, copper, manganese Sediment - Lake Norman Aluminum, barium, chromium (total), copper, manganese, nickel, selenium Page 4-7 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra 5.0 HUMAN HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT 5.1 Risk -Based Concentrations The human health risk assessment was conducted by identifying receptor/exposure medium/exposure pathway combinations and, for each, developing a Site -specific RBC. The RBCs were developed using receptor -specific exposure factors and assumptions. The RBCs are essentially refined screening levels used to account for the receptor population characteristics and exposure pathways applicable to each of the receiving media identified in the CSM. As such, human health RBCs are more realistic (less conservative) than screening levels and are better measures of potential risks. Methods for deriving RBCs, including exposure assumptions and toxicity values, are included in Attachment 4, which is excerpted from the 2015 risk assessment work plan (Haley & Aldrich, 2015). Exposure assumptions and toxicity values were confirmed as current for use in this risk assessment. As previously stated, the NCDEQ Technical Guidance for Risk -based Environmental Remediation of Sites contains a risk calculator for deriving human health risk -based remediation goals (NCDEQ, 2017). While this risk assessment follows similar procedures, North Carolina's Session Law 2015-286 does not allow the technical guidance and risk calculator to be used at CAMA sites. 5.2 Exposure Point Concentrations Exposure point concentrations, or EPCs, were calculated for each COPC in each medium (Attachment 5). USEPA defines the EPC as the representative chemical concentration a receptor might contact in an exposure area over the exposure period (USEPA, 1989). Separate EPCs are calculated for each exposure pathway for each scenario and each exposure area. The typical concept of human exposure within a defined exposure area is that an individual contacts the associated environmental medium on a periodic and random basis. Because of the repeated nature of such contact, the human exposure does not really occur at a fixed point but rather at a variety of points with equal likelihood that any given point within the exposure area will be the contact location on any given day. Thus, USEPA states that the EPCs should be the arithmetic averages of the chemical concentrations within the exposure area (USEPA, 2002). However, to account for uncertainty in estimating the arithmetic mean concentration that might occur due to matrix heterogeneity, spatial variability, and/or temporal variability, the USEPA recommends that an upper confidence limit (UCL) be used to represent the EPC (USEPA, 2002). The UCL values were calculated using ProUCL software. The recommended UCL based on dataset distribution was relied upon for the development of EPCs (V. 5.0.00; USEPA, 2013a). In accordance with USEPA guidance, EPCs are based on the lesser of Page 5-1 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra the 95 percent UCL on the arithmetic mean concentration (95 percent UCL value) or the maximum detected concentration in the data set (USEPA, 2002). 5.3 Risk Calculation Approach Risk -based concentrations were developed for each receptor/medium/exposure pathway/COPC combination. The RBCs were then used in a cumulative risk screening to calculate potential Site -specific risks by receptor. Both potentially carcinogenic and non -carcinogenic effects of COPCs are included in the RBC development. The RBCs based on non -cancer effects of COPCs were calculated based on a target hazard index(HI) of unity (HI =1), which corresponds to levels of exposure that people (including sensitive individuals such as children) could experience without expected adverse effects. The RBCs based on potentially carcinogenic effects were calculated based on a conservative target risk level of 1x10-4 (1 in 10,000 ELCR. This target risk level is within the target risk range of 1 in 1 million to 1 in 10,000 (USEPA, 1991b) and is consistent with the target risk level used for the derivation of the North Carolina fish tissue screening levels (NCDWR, 2014). Only one COPC, arsenic, is identified by USEPA as a carcinogen by the oral route of exposure. The USEPA has proposed that hexavalent chromium be classified as an oral carcinogen, but that review process is not yet completed. Nonetheless, USEPA does use an oral cancer toxicity value derived by the State of New Jersey in its risk -based screening level tables (USEPA, 2019), and therefore, inhalation and oral/dermal cancer -based RBCs have been calculated for Cr(VI). Rather than derive Site -specific RBCs for lead, the USEPA RSLs were used as RBCs. The residential soil RSL for lead of 400 mg/kg was used as the soil/sediment RBC for the child on -Site trespasser. The commercial/industrial soil RSL of 800 mg/kg was used as a surrogate for sediment in evaluation of the on -Site construction worker. The USEPA has also developed an action level of 15 µg/L for lead in drinking water (USEPA, 2012). For surface water and groundwater, the lead action level was used as the RBC for all receptor scenarios. Toxicity values used in the RBC calculations were selected from USEPA-approved sources following USEPA guidance regarding the hierarchy of sources of human health dose -response values in risk assessment (USEPA, 2003), as updated risk assessment (USEPA, 2013b), and as documented in the 2016 derivation of RBCs (Attachment 4).). Page 5-2 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra 5.4 Risk Calculations Using RBCs COPC EPCs were compared with their respective scenario -specific and media -specific RBCs for non -carcinogens (RBCnc) and carcinogens (RBC), as applicable (Attachment 6). The comparison is made through calculation of non -carcinogenic risk ratios (EPC nc/RBCnc) and carcinogenic risk ratios (EPCr/RBCC!). The total non - carcinogenic risk ratios for all COPCs that might produce non -carcinogenic health effects were then summed for each medium for each exposure scenario. Likewise, the total potentially carcinogenic risk ratios for all COPCs that produce carcinogenic health effects were then summed for each medium for each exposure scenario. A risk ratio equal to or less than 1 for a COPC indicates that the COPC EPC is not greater than the scenario -specific and medium -specific RBC. Conversely, a risk ratio greater than 1 for a COPC indicates that the COPC EPC is greater than the RBC for the scenario and medium being evaluated. The true utility of deriving risk ratios, however, is to evaluate the cumulative receptor risk associated with each exposure scenario. Cumulative receptor risk is calculated by summing the COPC risk ratios attributed to specific environmental media (media -specific risk ratio), and then the scenario -specific exposure area risk ratio are calculated by summing the media -specific risk ratios for all potential exposure media evaluated under a given scenario. These calculations are shown in the equations below. The calculation is performed separately for cancer and non -cancer based risk ratios. Cancer Risk Ratio = ( EPC1 ) + ( EPC2 ) + ( EPC3) RBCc1 RBCc2 RBCc3 Non -Cancer Risk Ratio = ( EPC1 ) + ( EPC2 ) + ( EPC3) RBCnc1 RBCnc2 RBCnc3 Parameter Definition (units) EPC Exposure Point Concentration RBCc Risk -Based Concentration based on carcinogenic effects RBCnc Risk -Based Concentration based on noncarcinogenic effects To calculate the potential risk associated with each summed ratio, the ratio is multiplied by the target risk used in the development of the RBCs. For non -carcinogenic health effects, the target HI used in the RBC calculations is 1. For potentially carcinogenic health effects, this is an ELCR target risk level used in the RBC calculations of 1x10-4. Page 5-3 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra The ELCR is the probability of contracting cancer over and above the background cancer rate. The American Cancer Society estimates that the lifetime probability of contracting cancer in the U.S. is 1 in 2 (5 x 10-1) for men and 1 in 3 (3 x 10-1) for women (American Cancer Society, 2019). Therefore, an ELCR of 1 x 10-4 among a hypothetical population of 10,000 generic men would result in one more case of cancer than the background probability total. In accordance with USEPA risk assessment guidance, the cumulative cancer risk (i.e., carcinogen additivity), is evaluated against the USEPA target ELCR of 1x10-6 to 1x10-4 for potentially carcinogenic constituents. Likewise, the cumulative non -cancer risk (i.e., non -carcinogen additivity), is evaluated against the USEPA target HI of 1 for non - carcinogenic constituents (that act on the same target organ by the same mechanism of action), as defined in USEPA guidance (USEPA, 1991a). Further evaluation is warranted for exposure areas where the cumulative HI is greater than 1 to evaluate whether the cumulative HI is comprised of chemical constituents that act on a common (single) target organ or on separate (multiple) target organs. Comparison of EPCs to scenario -specific and media -specific RBCs calculated for the hypothetical exposure scenarios and the resulting risk estimates are presented in Tables 6-1 through 6-9 of Attachment 6. 5.5 Human Health Risk Assessment Results There is no exposure to residential receptors at or near MSS because there are no complete exposure pathways. No one lives on -Site or near enough to the Site to be affected by groundwater migration from the ash basin. Potential receptors off -Site are recreational users of the Lake Norman, including swimmers, waders, boaters, and fishers. 5.5.1 On -Site Construction Worker Exposure Scenario Attachment 6, Table 6-1 presents the results of the risk calculations for groundwater exposure to the Construction Worker. The updated risk assessment found no evidence of non -carcinogenic or carcinogenic risks associated with exposure to groundwater by Site workers. 5.5.2 Boater, Swimmer, and Wader Exposure Scenarios Attachment 6, Table 6-3 through 6-6 presents the results of the risk calculations for the recreational swimmer, wader and boater. There is no material increase in cancer risks for the swimmer exposure scenarios attributable to the ash basin. No evidence of carcinogenic or non -carcinogenic risks for recreational, swimmer, Page 5-4 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra wader, or boater exposure scenarios associated with Lake Norman was identified. 5.5.3 Fisher Exposure Scenario Attachment 6, Table 6-7 through 6-9 presents the results of the risk calculations for the fisher exposure scenario. No evidence of carcinogenic or non - carcinogenic risks for recreational fisher exposure to surface water associated with Lake Norman was identified. No evidence of carcinogenic risks for recreational fisher exposure to biota associated with Lake Norman was identified. There is no material increase in cancer risks for the subsistence fisher exposure scenario attributable to the ash basin. Hexavalent chromium concentrations in surface water produced modeled results of potential carcinogenic risks under the subsistence fishing exposure scenarios. Hexavalent chromium concentrations in surface water produced modeled results of potential carcinogenic ELCR greater than USEPA target risk range of 1x 10-4 and 1 x 10-6 under subsistence fishing exposure scenarios. However, substituting hexavalent chromium concentrations detected in surface water samples upstream of the Site also resulted in modeled risks under the exposure assumptions. There is, therefore, no material increase in cancer risks attributable to the ash basin. Moreover, risk estimates from fish consumption are based on CCR constituent concentrations in fish tissue modeled from concentrations in surface water. Thus, the modeled concentration of hexavalent chromium in fish tissue is likely overestimated.1 Potential non -carcinogenic risks from consumption of fish containing cobalt (modeled from surface water concentrations) were modeled for the subsistence fisher on the Lake Norman. Subsistence fishing, defined by USEPA (2000) as ingestion of 170 grams (0.375 pounds) of fish per day, has not been identified on I For conservative estimation of hexavalent chromium concentrations in fish tissue, the recreational and subsistence fisher exposure models used in this risk assessment assume a hexavalent chromium bioconcentration factor (BCF) of 200 (NCRP, 1996). Bioconcentration is the process by which a chemical is absorbed by an organism from the ambient environment through its respiratory and dermal surfaces (Arnot and Gobus, 2006). The degree to which bioconcentration occurs is expressed as the BCF. Published BCFs for hexavalent chromium in fish can be as low as one, suggesting that potential bioconcentration in fish is low (USEPA, 1980; 1984; Fishbein, 1981; ATSDR, 2012). The conservative BCF of 200 used here likely overestimates the hexavalent chromium concentration in fish tissue. Page 5-5 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra the Lake Norman.z But even if there were subsistence fishers using the water body, there would be no material increase in risks to them posed by the ash basin. The cobalt EPC used in the risk assessment was 3.8 µg/L, compared to the upstream concentration of 3.5 µg/L. When substituted into the risk assessment model, the upstream cobalt concentration also resulted in modeled potential risks. The modeled concentration of cobalt in fish tissue is likely overestimated, due to conservative assumptions concerning bioconcentration rates. This, together with conservative assumptions on fish consumption rates, tends to overestimate risks. There is not likely to be any material increase in non - carcinogenic risks for the subsistence fisher scenario. In summary, there is no evidence of risks to on -Site or off -Site human receptors potentially exposed to CCR constituents that have migrated from the ash basin. Trespasser and commercial/industrial worker exposure to AOWs was not evaluated because AOWs are addressed in the SOC. 5.6 Findings of Drinking Water Supply Well Surveys No public or private drinking water wells or wellhead protection areas were found to be located downgradient of the ash basin. This finding has been supported by field observations, a review of public records, evaluation of historical groundwater flow direction data, and results of groundwater flow and transport modeling. The location and information pertaining to water wells located upgradient or side -gradient of the facility, within 0.5 miles of the compliance boundary, were included in the survey reports noted below. Results from surveys conducted to identify potential receptors for groundwater, including public and private water supply wells and surface water features within a 0.5- mile radius of the ash basin compliance boundary, have been reported to NCDEQ: • Drinking Water Supply Well and Receptor Survey, Marshall Steam Station Ash Basin (HDR, September 30, 2014a) • Supplement to Drinking Water Supply Well and Receptor Survey, Marshall Steam Station Ash Basin (HDR, November 6, 2014b) 2 To put the fish ingestion rate into context, a 170 gram per day fish meal is approximately equal to 6 ounces or approximately five fish sticks per meal (see http://gortons.com/product/original-batter- tenders); it is assumed that the subsistence fisher catches this amount of fish in the local water body and has such a fish meal once per day, every day for years. Page 5-6 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra • Comprehensive Site Assessment Supplement 2, Marshall Steam Station (HDR, August 4, 2016b) The survey identified only one public supply well within a 0.5-mile radius of the ash basin compliance boundary. The Motts Grove United Methodist Church public water supply well is located approximately 1,450 feet (0.3 miles) west and upgradient of the ash basin. A total of 129 private water supply wells were initially identified within the 0.5-mile radius of the ash basin compliance boundary. Most of these water supply wells are located north and west of the ash basin, along Sherrills Ford and Island Point Roads. All of the private water supply wells are located either upgradient or side -gradient of the ash basin (Figure 5-2 of the CAP). 5.7 Provision of Alternative Water Supply Although results from local water supply well sampling do not indicate effects from the source area, water supply wells identified within the 0.5-mile radius from the ash basin compliance boundary have been offered a water treatment system, per North Carolina General Statutes (G.S.)130A-309.211(cl) requirements. No sampled water supply wells were determined to be impacted by groundwater affected by CCR constituents of interest. Additional information is provided in Appendix C of the CAP. Duke Energy identified a total of 79 eligible connections for a water treatment system near MSS. Property eligibility was contingent that the property did not include: • A business • A church • A school • Connection to the public water supplier • An empty lot Of the 79 eligible connections, 14 either opted out of the option to connect to a water treatment system or did not respond to the offer. Duke Energy installed water filtration systems on 3 households, and 62 households were connected to the public water supplier by Duke Energy in accordance with G.S. 130A-309.211(c1). On August 31, 2018, Duke Energy provided completion documentation to NCDEQ to fulfill the requirements of House Bill 630. NCDEQ provided correspondence, dated October 12, 2018, to confirm that Duke Energy satisfactorily completed the alternate Page 5-7 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra water provisions under CAMA G.S. 130A-3099.211(cl) at MSS. Both documents are provided in Appendix D of the CAP. 5.7.1 Future Groundwater Use Area Under G.S. 130A-309.211(cl) (added by House Bill 630), Duke Energy provided permanent alternative water supply to all eligible households within a 0.5-mile radius of the ash basin compliance boundary. It is anticipated that residences within this distance will continue to rely on groundwater resources for water supply for the foreseeable future, with periodic maintenance of the water treatment systems provided by Duke Energy. Therefore, there is no evidence that future residential exposure to CCR constituents in groundwater will occur. 5.8 Uncertainty Analysis The risk assessment process involves assumptions that must be made due to a lack of absolute scientific knowledge. Some of the assumptions are supported by considerable scientific evidence, while others have less support. Every assumption introduces some degree of uncertainty into the risk assessment process. Regulatory risk assessment methodology requires that in the absence of site -specific information conservative assumptions be made throughout the risk assessment to aid in the protection of public health. Therefore, when all of the assumptions are combined, it is much more likely that risks are overestimated rather than underestimated. For some media, very few samples are available for use in the risk assessment. These results might be representative of Site conditions, or the results might overestimate or underestimate Site concentrations. All COPCs have been included in the risk assessment without consideration of whether the concentrations are consistent with Site -specific background. CCR constituents not detected or constituents for which no screening level exists were not carried forward in the risk assessment as COPCs, which may underestimate risk. In accordance with USEPA Region 4 guidance, contact with submerged sediment is not likely to occur, and does not require quantitative risk characterization. The evaluation of sediment data in this risk assessment using RBCs that are based on incidental ingestion and dermal contact exposures represents a conservative approach that is protective for an assumption that sediment becomes exposed (i.e., not covered with surface water) at some point in the future. Radium was identified as a human health COPC in groundwater, but no RBC was derived. The radium EPC was 3.75 pCi/L, compared to the Site background range of Page 5-8 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra 0.00015j pCVL to 11.14 pCVL and the radium MCL of 5 pCVL. Therefore, potential risk associated with exposure to radium in groundwater is considered negligible. Page 5-9 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra 6.0 BASELINE ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT The role of this BERA is to 1) evaluate whether unacceptable risks are posed to ecological receptors from chemical stressors and 2) provide the information necessary to make a risk management decision concerning the practical need and extent of remedial action. The BERA was developed consistent with the traditional ecological risk assessment paradigm: Problem Formulation, Exposure and Effects Characterization, and Risk Characterization. Because of the many permutations of conservative parameters, an Uncertainty Evaluation section is also included. The BERA generally adheres to the "Ecological Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund (ERAGS): Process for Designing and Conducting Ecological Risk Assessments" (USEPA, 1997) as well the "Supplemental Guidance to ERAGS: Region 4, Ecological Risk Assessment" (USEPA, 2015d), and North Carolina Department of Environmental and Natural Resources "Guidelines for Performing Screening Level Ecological Risk Assessments" (NCDENR, 2003). EPCs for potential ecological receptors were calculated for COPCs and provided in Attachment 7. Results are presented in Attachment 8. 6.1 Problem Formulation The Problem Formulation step defines the objectives and scope of the BERA. This step identifies, evaluates, and/or quantifies the following: Identifying/Prioritizing COPCs: COPCs are chosen based on the type of source(s), concentration, background levels, frequency of detection, persistence, bioaccumulation potential, toxicity/potency, fate and transport (e.g., mobility to groundwater), and potential biological effects. A discussion of the first step of this process, which is screening conducted to identify COPCs, can be found in Section 4. Initial screening consists of comparing the maximum concentration of each constituent in the applicable media with conservative environmental screening levels. Section 4 discusses selection of COPCs (post -screening). Identification of Receptors: Individual organisms, populations, or communities that might be exposed to site -related constituents in environmental media are identified based on site location, setting, and available habitat at the site. Receptors are presented in Figure 3 (Ecological CSM). Page 6-1 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra Selection of Endpoints: Assessment and measurement endpoints are used to evaluate the ecological health of a site. Assessment endpoints describe the characteristics of an ecosystem that have an intrinsic environmental value that is to be protected (i.e., protection of warm -water fish community; no potential risk to endangered species). Typically, assessment endpoints and receptors are selected for their potential exposure, ecological significance, economic importance, and/or societal relevance. Because assessment endpoints often cannot be measured directly, a set of surrogate endpoints (measures of effect, or measurement endpoints) are generally selected for ecological risk assessment that relate to the assessment endpoints and have measurable attributes (e.g., comparison of media concentrations to screening benchmarks, results of food web models) (USEPA, 1997; USEPA, 1998). These measures of effect provide a quantitative metric for evaluating potential effects of constituents on the ecosystem components potentially at risk. These endpoints are discussed in Section 6.1.2. The problem formulation culminates in a refined CSM, which identifies the primary and secondary source(s), receptors, and exposure pathways that are applicable to the Site. The ecological CSM described in Section 2 was refined based on the Site -specific information analyzed in the problem formulation. The CSM is an integral component in the specification of the objectives and scope of the BERA, and is amenable to adjustment as more information is gathered over time. 6.1.1 Refinement of Constituents of Potential Concern Per Step 3 of the USEPA Region 4 ecological risk assessment guidance, COPCs that have been retained using the risk -based screening described in Section 4 were evaluated using a multiple lines -of -evidence approach in the BERA. These lines -of -evidence include: Comparison to Background Concentrations: If sufficient data are available, site -related concentrations are compared to background (i.e., upstream or reference) concentrations. Nutrients: Constituents that are required minerals, electrolytes, or cofactors in the diet include: calcium, chloride, chromium, cobalt, copper, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, potassium, selenium, sodium, and zinc. Some of these may be readily eliminated from the COPC list, particularly for those that are relatively inert (e.g., calcium, potassium) or if the levels in applicable media are comparable to levels United States Geological Survey (USGS) report as naturally occur in the environment for Page 6-2 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra a particular county or region (USGS, 1984; USGS, 2001). However, some of these constituents can be coal ash -related therefore, for the purposes of this screening, only calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium will be identified as essential nutrients, and will not be included for quantitative evaluation in the BERA. Frequency, Magnitude, and Pattern of Detection: In general, COPCs with less than a 5 percent frequency of detection can be removed from consideration. Professional judgment may be exercised on metals that might have a higher frequency of detection but relatively low concentrations (e.g., compared with naturally occurring levels). Spatial patterns are also important to evaluate. Mode of Toxicity and/or Potential for Trophic Transfer: Some constituents will not be transported into the food web; therefore, consideration of persistence and/or toxicity might be an important line -of - evidence that should be discussed in COPC refinement. For example, boron might be taken up in plankton, but it might not present a risk to upper level organisms; chromium may not be a concern in wetland sediments [reduced to insoluble trivalent chromium (Cr (III)]; and mercury and selenium might not be a concern in dry soils as there is low potential to be methylated to a more bioavailable and toxic organic form. Exposure Considerations: Bioavailability and chemical form play integral parts in the actual exposure of ecological receptors to metals, particularly for solid phase metals that are not as easily absorbed as dissolved phase metals and/or organic compounds and for constituents such as arsenic, which are typically found in less toxic organic forms in the food chain. Yet most risk assessments conservatively assume that the bioavailability of substances in environmental media (e.g., sediment, food sources) is the same as the form used to establish dose -response information in toxicological testing. Often, the form used in toxicological testing has much greater relative bioavailability than forms naturally found in environmental media. For conservatism in this risk assessment, bioavailability of COPCs is considered 100 percent (i.e., metal uptake from soils to plants, soil to invertebrates, water to fish). Additionally, some animal species might have fairly large home ranges/foraging areas, thus decreasing their overall exposure in the environs of a discreet site. Seasonal migrations might also reduce site exposure time and is Page 6-3 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra addressed by the use of a seasonal use factor (SUF) in the risk calculations, as described below. Wildlife exposure parameters used in the BERA are listed in Attachment 8. Select wildlife exposure parameters were updated from the 2015 work plan and are considered appropriate for the Site. 6.1.2 Assessment and Measurement Endpoints According to USEPA guidance, assessment endpoints are explicit expressions of the actual environmental values (i.e., ecological resources) that are to be protected (USEPA, 1997). Assessment endpoints can be either measured directly or evaluated through indirect measures. Measurement endpoints represent quantifiable ecological characteristics that can be measured, interpreted, and related to the valued ecological component(s) chosen as the assessment endpoints. Assessment endpoints, and associated measurement endpoints, provide information to aid evaluation of the risk framework generated in the CSM. The following assessment and measurement endpoints were used to interpret data concerning ecological risks within the Site and areas that might be affected by the Site: An assessment endpoint is defined as any adverse effect on bird and mammal populations resulting from exposures to constituents in applicable media and/or prey that could result in impairment of the growth, reproduction, or survival of the ecological community (USEPA, 1997). Prevention of these types of adverse effects allows the continued growth, reproduction, and survival of the ecological community. A measurement endpoint is defined as a comparison of the estimated concentrations, or receptor average daily doses (ADD) of constituents (from environmental media), to conservative values known to be "safe" when administered to birds and mammals (USEPA, 1997). Measurement endpoints are as follows: o For fish and invertebrates that dwell in the water column, AWQC will be used to represent "safe" conservative benchmarks in surface water (Attachment 3). Surface water EPCs are compared directly with AWQCs; EPCs that are less than these benchmarks represent levels that are not associated with ecological risks of concern. Concentrations greater than these levels indicate that additional evaluation is needed. Page 6-4 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra o For benthic invertebrates, sediment EPCs will be compared with USEPA Region 4 Sediment Screening Values (Attachment 3). o For mammals and birds, the ADD is calculated for each COPC, for each bird and mammal receptor of interest (ROI), and then compared with a TRV. The ADD represents the "dose" received by a receptor, in milligrams per kilogram of body weight per day. This dose was compared with an estimated "safe" dose, the TRV. The TRV is typically derived from a laboratory toxicity study on a bird or mammal that uses a soluble (and therefore more bioavailable) form of the metal. Since these forms do not typically exist under environmental conditions, TRVs are conservative and tend to overestimate risk. 6.1.3 Selection of Ecological Receptors of Interest A wildlife species that would be expected to be intimately associated with habitat is considered a ROI. ROIs are identified, if applicable, for each trophic level within the ecosystem. The choice of ROIs is often dependent on the types of "indicator" or "surrogate" species (i.e., wildlife that is ubiquitous and anticipated to inhabit the site) that will also have extensively documented life histories and a documented set of allometric parameters allowing empirical modeling (USEPA, 1993). As such, a specific ROI may be used to represent one or more receptors of the same trophic level that are potentially present at a site. The selection of the ROIs is presented in Attachment 8. This table presents, for each individual ROI, each animal's body weight, normalized food and water ingestion rate (kg/kg body weight/day), composition of the diet, home range, area use factors (site area/home range), and seasonal use factors (months spent on site/12 months). The rationale for the selection of the ROIs is as follows: Benthic Invertebrates: Benthic invertebrates serve as prey for higher trophic level species (e.g., fish and aquatic birds discussed below). They are ubiquitous in aquatic waterbodies; therefore, the standard used to protect them includes established Surface Water Quality Criteria and Sediment Screening Levels discussed above (Section 4). Fish: Like invertebrates, fish are also ubiquitous in most open water environs with suitable environmental conditions, and the benchmark used for their protection of long-term exposure to chemical constituents would also be ambient Surface Water Quality Criteria. Page 6-5 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra Aquatic mammals: The muskrat (herbivore) and the river otter (piscivore) were selected as the ROIs, as they are common species and ubiquitous in the southeast. Aquatic birds: The mallard duck (omnivore), great blue heron (piscivore), and bald eagle (piscivore/carnivore) were chosen as ROIs inhabiting aquatic habitats. These species would be exposed to COPCs though consumption of prey items and ingestion of water and sediment. Mallards consume both plants and benthic invertebrates and will inadvertently ingest sediment during feeding, and thus would represent a more conservative ROI. The killdeer is shore bird, found primarily on sandbars and mudflats feeding almost exclusively on aquatic invertebrates. Killdeer may also inhabit and feed in open fields. The great blue heron was chosen as a higher trophic level species that primarily consumes fish. The bald eagle's diet is primarily composed of fish, although the raptor may consume birds, reptiles, amphibians, invertebrates, and mammals, depending on availability. 6.2 Exposure and Effects Characterization The analysis phase of the ecological risk assessment consists of the technical evaluation of data addressing existing and potential exposures to COPCs and ecological effects thereof. The analysis is primarily based on empirical data collected in the field, but the analysis also includes additional assumptions to assist in the interpretation of the data. The analysis of exposure and effects is performed interactively, with the analysis of one informing the analysis of the other. The estimation of EPCs was conducted in accordance with USEPA ecological risk assessment guidance (USEPA, 1997; USEPA, 1998). For initial screening (Section 4), the maximum concentration within each exposure medium was used as the EPC; and for the refined analysis (as described below), the 95 UCL of the mean concentration, or the maximum concentration in the case of insufficient sample size, was used as the EPC. BERA calculations are presented in Attachment 8. 6.2.1 Estimation of Exposure Exposures of ROIs at the Site were calculated using Site -specific and species - specific exposure models for two separate pathways: 1) indirect exposure to COPCs in food (consumption of forage, soil invertebrates, or prey), and 2) incidental ingestion of COPCs in surface soils or sediments. Although ingestion of surface water by mammals and birds does occur, the pathway is negligible compared to other pathways and is generally not included quantitatively in a Page 6-6 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra BERA; however, to be conservative, this pathway is included here. In the case of mammals and birds, the dose of COPCs is known to be negligible for the dermal and inhalation pathways and is, therefore, not quantitatively evaluated (USEPA, 2003b). The total ADD of COPCs for mammals and birds, therefore, is entirely based on consumption of food containing COPCs and, either directly or indirectly, soil and/or sediment. The dose received from consumption of prey is derived by calculating the COPC uptake into prey from surface water, sediment, and/or soil. Parameters used to describe ingestion rates, body weights, dietary composition, and home ranges of mammalian and avian ROIs are used to calculate ADD values and are provided in Attachment 8. These allometric parameters were developed by USEPA and were obtained from the "Wildlife Exposure Factors Handbook" (USEPA, 1993). The ADD for each ROI is the sum of the ingestion of plant matter, the ingestion of animal matter, the ingestion of water, and the ingestion of soil (intentional or inadvertent). The ADD is also typically adjusted for the how the animal's behavior might affect exposure [i.e., the area use factor (AUF) accounts for the fraction of home range and the SUF accounts for the time spent away due to migration if applicable]. AUFs for selected ecological receptors for each exposure area on -Site are presented in Attachment 8. The general ADD equation is: Exposure = Total Average Daily Dose = [ADDP + ADDA + ADDs+ ADDw] x AUF x SUF where: ADDP = average daily dose by ingestion of plant matter ADDA = average daily dose by ingestion of animal matter ADDS = average daily dose by ingestion of soil ADDw = average daily dose by ingestion of water AUF = area use factor (area of site habitat/area of receptor home range) SUF = seasonal use factor (months inhabiting site/12 months per year) The ADD from ingestion of plants (ADDP) is estimated as follows: where: ADDP = EPC x NIRP x OF Page 6-7 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra and: EPC = exposure point concentration in soil (mg COPC/kg soil) NIRP = normalized ingestion rate of plant material (mg/kg body weight/day) OF = plant uptake factor for COPCs (kg plant/kg soil) NIRP = NIRf x PF NIRP = normalized ingestion rate of food (kg/kg body weight/day) PF = fraction of diet that is plant matter (unitless) The ADD from ingestion of prey/animals (ADDA) is estimated as follows: where: and: ADDA = EPC x NIRA x BAFi EPC = exposure point concentration in soil (mg COPC/kg soil) NIRA = normalized ingestion rate of animal material (kg/kg body weight/day) BAFi = soil -to -soil dwelling biota uptake factor for COPCs (kg tissue/kg soil) NIRA = NIRf x AF NIRP = normalized ingestion rate of food (kg/kg body weight/day) AF = fraction of diet that is animal matter (unitless) The ADD contributed by the ingestion of soil (ADDS) considers the mass of soil (dry weight) as a fraction of the total dietary (dry weight) mass (i.e., plant + animal): where: and: ADDS = EPC x NIRs EPC = exposure point concentration in soil (mg COPC/kg soil) NIRs = normalized ingestion rate of soil (kg/kg body weight/day) NIRs = NIRf x SF Page 6-8 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra NIRf = normalized ingestion rate of food (kg/kg body weight/day) SF = fraction of diet that is soil (unitless) For piscivorous receptors, the diet is assumed to consist of 100 percent fish. Fish tissue concentrations were measured directly when possible, or modeled using bioconcentration/bioaccumulation factor (BCFs/BAFs) when tissue concentration data are not available. The ADD equation below is for estimating the average daily dose to the avian piscivorous receptors. When applied to a mammalian receptor, the dose of the sediment/soil is incorporated by adding the ADDs term. The following ADDA equation was used for estimating the ADD of fish tissue when fish tissue data were not available: Where: ADDA = EPC x NIRA x BAF (or BCF or BSAF) EPC = exposure point concentration in surface water (mg/L) or sediment (mg/kg) NIRA = NIRf x AF NIRf = normalized ingestion rate of food (kg/kg body weight/day) BAF = bioaccumulation factor, either a surface water to fish bioconcentration factor (BCF), or sediment to fish bioconcentration factor (BSAF) AF = fraction of diet that is animal (fish) matter (unitless) If the recommended fish tissue data are available, then the EPC and the BAF variables are replaced with the fish tissue wet weight COPC concentration data (i.e., ADDA = EPC x NIRA). Each set of equations (plant, animal, soil) provides an estimate of the expected environmental intake of COPCs as an ADD for the specific exposure pathway. The ADDs for all exposure pathways (plants, invertebrates, prey and soils) are then summed to calculate a total ADD for each receptor for each COPC. For the exposure of COPCs in drinking water, the ADDw term is: Where: ADDw = EPC x NIRw EPC = exposure point concentration in surface water (mg/L) Page 6-9 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra NIRw = normalized ingestion rate of surface water (liters/kg body weight/day) EPCs for soil, sediment, fish, and surface water are based on the 95 percent UCLs of each COPC. EPCs of COPCs in plants and/or earthworms are calculated using media EPCs with an uptake factor (UF) or from soil -to -plant or soil -to -earthworm regression equations developed by Baes et al. (1984) and Sample et al. (1997, 1998). Data from previously published bioaccumulation models are used to estimate concentrations of COPCs in plants (Efroymson et al., 1997b). These data also represent the primary bioaccumulation data for inorganics integrated into the USEPA Ecological Soil Screening Levels (Eco-SSLs) (USEPA, 2015e). EPCs of COPCs in fish are used, in decreasing order of importance: • measured site -specific concentrations of COPCs in fish tissue, • residuals measured in tissue as part of a regional fish advisory study, if available (e.g., conducted by NCDEQ), • concentrations in fish using bioconcentration factors estimated from studies conducted in the southeast, and • concentrations in fish using bioconcentration factors estimated from laboratory studies or obtained from the scientific literature (e.g., regional studies that may have been performed by US Fish & Wildlife or USEPA as part of different investigations). For this Site, BCFs estimated from laboratory studies and/or literature were used (i.e., option 4). Once the ADDS are calculated using conservative dietary ingestion parameters (above), the exposure will be adjusted by taking into account the AUF (i.e., the acreage of the site divided by the area of receptor home range) and the SUF (i.e., adjusting the ADD based on period of time spent away from the site). For the ROIs with relatively small home ranges (e.g., meadow vole, muskrat and robin), the area of the Site is anticipated to be greater than their home range, so the AUF is anticipated to be 1.0. For wildlife with larger home ranges, the AUF is anticipated to be less than 1.0. With regard to time, as the site is located in the southeast, all ROIs are expected to inhabit the Site all year round (i.e., SUF =1.0). Page 6-10 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra The exposure concentrations may also be adjusted for relative bioavailability (i.e., bioavailability of substance in exposure medium as compared to bioavailability of substance in analyses used to establish the TRV) if regional studies/values are available, of which none were available. For this BERA, bioavailability of CCR constituents is conservatively assumed to be 100 percent. 6.2.2 Effects Assessment The ecological effects assessment consists of an evaluation of available toxicity or other effects information that can be used to interpret the significance of the exposures to COPCs relative to potential adverse effects to ecological receptors. Data that can be used include literature -derived chemical toxicity data, and if available, site -specific data [e.g. ambient media toxicity tests, and site -specific field surveys are used if applicable (Suter et al., 1994)]. TRVs, which represent a daily exposure or dose that is considered to be "safe" for the ROI over the animal's lifetime, are used to evaluate whether the site -related exposure concentration present a hazard to wildlife. The TRVs incorporate the "bounded" no observed adverse effect levels (NOAELs) and lowest observed adverse effects levels (LOAELs) associated with continuous chronic chemical exposures. TRVs for the ecological receptors are presented in Attachment 8. These values represent the "safe" doses anticipated for mammals and birds after chronic exposure to COPCs. TRVs were obtained from the published literature summarizing the "bounded" NOAELs and LOAELs associated with continuous chronic chemical exposures of mammals and birds to the COPCs selected for evaluation (USEPA, 2015e). The TRVs presented in Attachment 8 are conservative benchmarks because they represent some of the most sensitive effects published in literature, being culled from thousands of peer -reviewed articles and intended for use as screening criteria. Both NOAEL- and LOAEL- based TRVs are identified for wildlife (birds and mammals). The TRVs for birds and mammals were obtained from various sources, and focus was given to the most recent sources and/or those derived or endorsed by USEPA (e.g., Eco-SSLs). The toxicity studies used were initially selected from the Eco-SSLs (USEPA, 2015e). Other available literature may be used to refine TRVs depending on the ROI selected for each site (e.g., Sample et al., 1996; USACHPPM, 2004). 6.3 Risk Characterization Risk characterization essentially involves a quantitative estimation of risk followed by a description and/or interpretation of its meaning. The purpose of the risk Page 6-11 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra characterization is to estimate the potential hazards associated with exposure to COPCs and their relative degree of significance. During risk estimation, the exposure assessment and effects assessment are integrated to evaluate the likelihood of adverse effects to the wildlife ROIs (birds and mammals). The risk estimate is calculated by dividing the dose estimate (ADD) from the exposure assessment by the applicable TRV (derived from the available literature) to obtain an HQ: ADD HQ= TRV The HQs are based on ADDs estimated using an EPC defined as 95 percent UCL of the mean. Per USEPA risk assessment guidance (USEPA, 1997), if an HQ is less than or equal to 1.0, it is reasonable to conclude that there is no significant risk. Alternatively, if an HQ is greater than 1.0, it does not necessarily mean that a significant ecological risk from exposure to COPCs exists, but that further evaluation is warranted. The HQs based on the ADD and TRV assume that the receptor obtains most of its food from each site. A table is generated for each class of ROIs (e.g., avian, mammalian) and each table presents HQs estimated for: 1) conservative TRVs that use NOAELs (or "TRV — Low"), and 2) more realistic TRVs that use LOAELs (or "TRV — High"). The use of the estimation of the HQ using the NOAEL is typically applied to individuals and/or special status species that need to be protected (e.g., rare, threatened or endangered), whereas the estimation of HQs using the LOAEL is typically interpreted as protective of site -wide populations and/or communities of concern. Attachment 9 presents protected species listed for Catawba County include four flora species (e.g., Schweinitz's sunflower (Helianthus schweinitzii) and dwarf -flowered heartleaf (Hexastylis naniflora); one gastropod (dwarf threetooth (Triodopsis fulciden); three freshwater bivalves (e.g. creeper (Strophitus undulates) and notched rainbow (Villosa constricta); one avian species (bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus); one mammal (Northern long-eared bat (Myotis septentrionalis); one bee (rusty patched bumblebee (Bombus affinis) and two reptiles (bog turtle (Glyptemys muhlenbergii) and timber rattlesnake (Crotalus horridus). The interpretation of the risk analysis typically employs both a multiple lines -of - evidence approach and an opinion based on the professional judgment of the ecological risk assessor. Both interpretations err on the side of conservatism, but for HQs that are greater than 1.0, additional details, often addressed in the Uncertainty Evaluation Page 6-12 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra (Section 6.6), may be needed to identify if the hazard is "real" or an artifact of compounding the various permutations of "worst case" exposure parameters. Additionally, some of the TRVs that were developed by USEPA in concert with the Eco- SSLs may need to be reexamined as these values, as discussed above, may not be representative of the true exposure and/or life history of the ROI. For example, most TRVs are based on highly bioavailable forms, but a review of the literature for selected metals may show that actual absorption following ingestion of environmental media may be substantially lower than the form used to derive the TRV. 6.4 Baseline Ecological Risk Assessment Results Attachment 8 presents the modeled risk results. No HQs based on NOAELs or LOAELs were greater than unity for the aquatic wildlife receptors (mallard duck, great blue heron, Bald eagle, and river otter) evaluated for the Lake Norman exposure area. Two endpoints, muskrat and killdeer had modeled risk results greater than unity for select constituents as described below: • Muskrat: With the exception of aluminum, no HQs based on NOAELs or LOAELs were greater than unity for the muskrat in the Lake Norman exposure area. The aluminum NOAEL and LOAEL based HQ for the muskrat were 72.2 and 7.22. • Killdeer: With the exception of aluminum no HQs based on LOAELs were greater than unity for the killdeer in the Lake Norman exposure area. The NOAEL based HQs for barium, total chromium, copper and selenium were greater than unity; however, all LOAEL based HQs for these COPCs were less than unity. The exposure models likely overstate risks to aluminum, barium, total chromium, copper and selenium. Aluminum concentrations detected in Lake Norman adjacent to the Site are within or less than background concentrations. For example, the maximum surface water concentration of aluminum in Lake Norman upstream of the Site was 0.28 mg/L, compared to the aluminum surface water EPC used in the risk assessment of 0.29 mg/L. In sediments, the maximum aluminum concentration detected at the background location was 6,600 mg/kg, compared to the EPC of 37,000 mg/kg. The EPC is less than the USEPA Region 4 refined screening value of 58,000 mg/kg (USEPA, 2018b). Aluminum occurs naturally in soil, sediment, and surface water in this area. Per the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), aluminum is the third most abundant element, after oxygen and silicon, in the Earth's crust (USGS, 2018), with the average concentration reported in soil in the United States of 72,000 mg/kg (USGS 1984). The modeled risk Page 6-13 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra estimate for exposure of aluminum to the killdeer and muskrat is considered a conservative overestimate of risk. In summary, there is no evidence of unacceptable risks to wildlife receptors potentially exposed to CCR constituents at Marshall. 6.5 Environmental Assessment of Marshall Steam Station and Lake Norman Duke Energy has monitored water quality and chemistry in Lake Norman since 1959. Attachment 10 presents an overview of the sampling and assessment of water and biological tissue monitoring conducted by Duke Energy to meet the requirements of the NPDES permit for Lake Norman and Marshall (NPDES No. NC0004987). The NPDES permit requires Duke Energy to conduct weekly to quarterly outfall and instream water quality monitoring at 13 locations including 2 locations within Lake Norman. Fish populations are key indicators of the overall health of aquatic systems because of they are influenced by exposure to the environment and impacts to other aquatic communities (e.g., aquatic vegetation and macroinvertebrates). Duke Energy has conducted fish community assessments in Lake Norman since 1974. In that time, 7,500 samples have been collected consisting of 48 different species in 12 families and totaling over 550,000 individual fish. These fish have included individuals at multiple trophic levels and different feeding guilds with a consistently low proportion of pollution - tolerant species. The catch has been dominated by desirable species including bluegill and black bass. Catch per unit effort (CPUE) is a measure of the relative abundance of a species when electrofishing. During each year since 2003, the CPUE of bluegill and black bass in Lake Norman were consistently near or above the 501h percentile for the region (Brouder et al. 2009), and the average CPUE for bluegill during this time was substantially higher than the 75th percentile (Brouder et al. 2009). These data, along with other community metrics such as length frequency analyses and fish condition indices have shown Lake Norman supports abundant, healthy, self-sustaining fish populations (Duke Energy 2018). Fish muscle tissue sampling and analysis is performed annually in accordance with a NCDEQ study plan as required in the NPDES permit. Duke Energy collects multiple samples of fish from different trophic levels (prey and predators) annually for metals analysis. Analytical results are submitted to the NCDEQ during each NPDES permit renewal. Page 6-14 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra Fish tissue analytical results have demonstrated that concentrations of these metals in fish muscle tissue are consistently orders of magnitude below the state's consumption advisory since 2014. Average concentrations detected from 144 fish collected from Lake Norman during 2014-2017 were well below the human health advisory levels for arsenic and selenium, and no individual fish was higher than the advisory level for either constituent. Lake Norman has been monitored by Duke Energy since 1959.Over the years, specific assessments have been conducted for water quality and chemistry as well as abundance and species composition of phytoplankton, zooplankton, macroinvertebrates, aquatic macrophytes, fish, and aquatic wildlife. These assessments have all demonstrated that Lake Norman has been an environmentally healthy and functioning ecosystem, and ongoing sampling programs have been established to ensure the health of the system will continue. 6.6 Uncertainty Analysis The degree of uncertainty depends on the amount and quality of data available, information addressing site conditions, the accuracy of any assumptions, and how well the receptor may match the life history of the birds and mammals that are "actually" inhabiting each site. A qualitative evaluation of the major uncertainties associated with the assessment should include an evaluation of the following: • The number of samples obtained is relatively low compared to the large areas observed for each exposure area. Therefore, some degree of uncertainty with regard to the spatial representativeness of each of the data sets for each individual exposure area exists. The study design, however, used a biased sampling strategy so that the concentrations of COPCs in environmental media would intentionally be overestimated rather than underestimated. For example, based on field observations and groundwater monitoring data, discreet samples were collected from areas of suspected influence from the ash basin, such as downgradient streams and seeps. • EPCs were inclusive of all sample data for the identified sample locations considered in this risk assessment. EPCs were calculated without removal of data points which may be considered outliers. This may overestimate or underestimate risk. Consideration of background and additional Site conditions will bracket the uncertainty. • CCR constituents not detected or constituents for which no screening level exists were not carried forward in the risk assessment as COPCs, which may underestimate risk. Page 6-15 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra • Potential risks to benthic invertebrates were evaluated on the basis of comparing maximum concentrations of CCR constituents detected in surface water and bulk sediment samples to media -specific ESVs. Porewater was not analyzed in surface water bodies as a potential exposure medium for benthic invertebrates. The absence of porewater data in the risk assessment may underestimate risk for certain benthic invertebrates. However, the ESVs used in the ecological screening process are extremely conservative to account for porewater exposure. • The Eco-SSLs, which were used for selecting COPCs, are very conservative soil benchmarks that are known to be "safe" for a broad range of ecological receptor classes (mammal, bird, invertebrate, plant) over their lifespan. Therefore, selection of some COPCs might overestimate risk. • Elements/metals (including required nutrients) present (or deficient) in soil that might interact with COPCs to produce effects that might be either greater or less than COPCs alone. For example, zinc is known to be a strong antagonist to cadmium in the diet (i.e., zinc decreases the toxicity of cadmium when both are ingested together). These elemental interactions could result in an over or under estimation of risk. • The dietary endpoints used to derive the TRVs are often biased toward a single study involving the exposure of birds or mammals to highly soluble forms of the metal (e.g., copper chloride, lead acetate), whereas the bioavailability of metals in the environment, especially in solid media, can be much lower. Bioavailability of COPCs was conservatively assumed to be 100% in the exposure models, which overestimates risk. • Food ingestion data specific for birds or mammals at each Site are not available. Literature -derived default wildlife ingestion rates, as well as other exposure parameters, may over or under estimate risk. • It is assumed that part or all the home range of the receptor falls completely within the boundaries of each site. In reality, individuals and breeding pairs move around depending on a number of variables, including territoriality, food availability, and human disturbance, and this movement would result in lower exposure than was assumed in the risk assessment. • It is assumed that the types of mammals and birds in this assessment are receptive to the type of habitat at each site; the ROI were selected to be representative of what may be present in the vicinity of the site; however, the ash basin area specifically may not be considered habitat. Page 6-16 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra • Reptiles and amphibians likely inhabit the exposure areas evaluated in the risk assessment. However, there is limited toxicity and exposure information for foodweb modeling, which presents and uncertainty in the risk assessment. Page 6-17 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra 7.0 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS This risk assessment pertaining to Marshall Steam Station was prepared for Duke Energy as part of the CAP. Risks to both human health and ecological receptors were evaluated using analytical data from groundwater, surface water, and sediment samples. Both risk assessments employed North Carolina and USEPA guidance available for development of Site -specific risk assessments. The exposure scenarios and exposure and toxicity parameters employed were conservative such that the risk results are more likely to overestimate rather than underestimate the risks. Thus, the results can be used to inform decision -making for the Marshall site. The conclusions for the human health and ecological risk assessments are outlined below. 7.1 Human Health Risk Assessment Current and future exposure scenarios were evaluated to assess potential human health risks. The following conclusions were made: • No evidence of carcinogenic or non -carcinogenic risks related to the construction workers exposure scenario was identified. • No evidence of carcinogenic or non -carcinogenic risks was identified in relation to the recreational swimmer, wader or boater exposure scenarios associated with Lake Norman. • No evidence of carcinogenic or non -carcinogenic risks was identified in relation to the recreational fisher exposure scenario associated with Lake Norman. • No evidence of material increase in carcinogenic risks related to the subsistence fisher exposure scenario is attributable to the ash basin. Hexavalent chromium concentrations in upstream surface water samples also resulted in modeled excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) within USEPA's target risk range. Modeled concentration of hexavalent chromium in fish tissue is likely overestimated. • Potential non -carcinogenic risks from consumption of fish containing cobalt for the subsistence fisher were identified. Cobalt concentrations in upstream surface water samples resulted in similar modeled results. The subsistence fisher exposure scenarios overestimate risks based on exposure model assumptions. Page 7-1 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra 7.2 Ecological Risk Assessment Based on NOAEL- and LOAEL-derived HQ, the BERA resulted in the following: • No HQs based on NOAELs or LOAELs were greater than unity for the aquatic wildlife receptors (mallard duck, great blue heron, bald eagle, and river otter) evaluated for the Lake Norman exposure area. • Two endpoints, muskrat and killdeer had limited modeled risk results greater than unity for aluminum. The killdeer had limited NOAEL based modeled risk results greater than unity for barium, total chromium copper, selenium. • The modeled risks are considered negligible based on natural and background conditions. The exposure models likely overstate risks to aluminum, barium, total chromium copper, selenium. In summary, there is no evidence of unacceptable risks to human and ecological receptors exposed to environmental media potentially affected by CCR constituents at Marshall. This conclusion is further supported by multiple water quality and biological assessments conducted by Duke Energy as part of the NPDES monitoring program. Page 7-2 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra 8.0 REFERENCES American Cancer Society 2019; Cancer Facts and Figures (2019). American Cancer Society. Available at: https://www.cancer.org/content/dam/cancer- org/research/cancer-facts-and-statistics/annual-cancer-facts-and- figures/2019/cancer-facts-and-figures-2019.pdf Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). (2012). Toxicological Profile for Chromium. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service. Arnot, J.A. and F.A.P.C. Gobus. (2006). 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Available at: http://www2.epa. gov/sites/production/files/2015- 09/documents/r4_era_guidance_document_draft_final_8-25-2015.pdf United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). (2015d). Interim Ecological Soil Screening Level Documents. http://www2.el2a.gov/chemical-research/interim- ecological-soil-screening-level-documents United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). (2015e). USEPA Risk -Based Screening Levels. June 2015. Available at: http://www2. epa.gov/risk/risk-based-screening-table-generic-tables United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). (2018a). Drinking Water Standards and Health Advisories, Spring 2018. United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). (2018b). Region 4 Ecological Risk Assessment Supplemental Guidance. Updated March 2018. Available at: Page 8-6 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra https://rais.ornl.gov/documents/era_regional_supplemental_guidance_report- march-2018_update.pdf United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). (2019). USEPA Regional Screening Levels. May 2018 Update. Available at: https://www.epa.gov/risk/regional-screening-levels-rsls United States Geological Survey (USGS). (1984). Element Concentrations in Soils and Other Surficial Materials of the Conterminous United States. H. Shacklette and J. Boerngen. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1270. United States Government Printing Office, Washington. United States Geological Survey (USGS). (2001). Geochemical Landscapes of the Conterminous United States —New Map Presentations for 22 Elements. N. Gustaysson, B. Bolviken, D.B. Smith, and R.C. Severson. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1648. U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey. November, 2001. Page 8-7 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station FIGURES SynTerra m ,❑ INDUSTRIAL:�,—J/,` 0�LANDFILL #1 ISL, 5y ILF STRUCTURAL FILL \ " MARSHALL STEAM STATION PARCEL LINE -- 8 8O 8 i1 _ , Q ASBESTOS LANDFILL PV STRUCTURAL FILL \- ACCESS ROAD' '\STRUCTURAL FILL NDFILL COMPLIANCE BOUNDARY FGD RESIDUE LANDFILL BOUNDARY f%—HOLDING BASIN NALDA : >\\ —� ASH BASII SOURCE: 2016 USGS TOPOGRAPHIC MAP, TROUTMAN & LAKE NORMAN NORTH QUADRANGLE, OBTAINED FROM THE USGS STORE AT https://store.usgs.gov/map-locator. (� DUKE CATAWBA I ENERGY® COUNTY CAROLINAS ASHEVILLE synTerra WWW.syntern 0 0 i Or 11421 00 FIGURE 1 USGS LOCATION MAP HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT MARSHALL STEAM STATION TERRELL, NORTH CAROLINA DRAWN BY: B. YOUNG DATE: 05/15/2019 REVISED BY: B. YOUNG DATE: 09/17/2019 GRAPHIC SCALE CHECKED BY: E. WEBSTER DATE: 09/17/2019 ],000 a 1,000 2000 APPROVED BY: B. WILKER DATE: 09/17/2019 PROJECT MANAGER: B. WILKER (IN FEET) Primary Secondary Primary Secondary Sources Release Sources Release Mechanisms Mechanisms Active Infiltration/ Post Excavation Coal Ash 1► Leachingg♦ Soil Basin Runoff/Flood g Infiltration/ Migration to Leaching Surface Water and Sediment Groundwater Human Receptors Current/ Current/ Current/ Current/ Current/ Current/ Current/ Future Off- Current/ Potential Future On- Future Off- Future Off- Future Off- Future Off- Site Future On -site Future On - Potential Exposure Site Site Resident Site Site Site Recreational / Commercial/ Site Exposure Route / Recreational AdultChild Recreational Recreational Recreational Subsistence Industrial Construction Media Trespasser Swimmer Wader Boater Fisher Worker Worker ►, Outdoor Air Inhalation O O O O O O O O Incidental O T O O O O O O O Soil Remaining Ingestion Post -Excavation (d) Dermal Contact O O O O O O O O Drinking Water Use O O O O O O O O _♦ Surface Water Incidental O O *(a) •(a) O O O O (Off_ -site) Ingestion Dermal Contact O O • • • • O O Sediment (Off -site) Fish Tissue (e) Groundwater L Incidental O O • • O O O O Ingestion Dermal Contact O O • • O O O O Ingestion O O O O O • O O Drinking Water O O O O O O O O Use (b) Incidental O O O O O O O O (b) Ingestion Dermal Contact O O O O O O O O (b) 1 AOW Water Dermal Contact O O O O O O O O AOWs (c) (On -site) AOW Soil Dermal Contact O O O O O O O O (b) (On -site) Surface Water (On -site) NOTES Potentially complete exposure pathway based on results of 2018 risk assessment update. O Pathway evaluated and found incomplete/insignificant. (a) Incidental surface water ingestion assumed only to occur for receptors for the swimming and wading scenarios. (b) Groundwater exposure evaluated in the risk assessment update, although an incomplete exposure pathway for construction worker. (c) Areas of Wetness (AOWs) are addressed in the Special Order by Consent (SOC) and not evaluated in the risk assessment update at this time. (d) Pathway incomplete as long as ash remains in place; re-evaluation upon excavation (if conducted) may be warranted. (e) Concentration of COPCs in fish tissue modeled from surface water concentration. Incidental O O O O O O O O Ingestion Dermal Contact O O O O O O O O Incidental Sediment Ingestion (On -site) Dermal Contact O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O AQUATIC RECEPTORS Avian Mammal PrimaryRelease Secondary Secondary Release Potential Potential Benthic PrimarySources Y Y Great Blue Bald River Mechanisms Sources Mechanisms Exposure Media Exposure Fish(d) Invert(- Mallard Killdeer Muskrat p Heron Eagle Otter Route brates(d) (Omni- (Inverti- (Herbi- ( oire) (Carni- ( ore) vore) vore) vore) vore) vore) vore) Dust _* Outdoor Air Inhalation O O O O O O O O Incidental O O O O O O O O Active Coal Infiltration/ Post Excavation Soil Remaining Ingestion Ash Basin Leaching Soil Post -Excavation (b) Direct Contact O O O O O O O O Runoff/Flooding Biotic Tissue Ingestion O O O O O O O O Ingestion • • • • • • • • Surface Water � (Off -site) _J Direct Contact O O O O O O Infiltration/ Migration to -- Leaching Surface Water Incidental and Sediment Ingestion • • • • • • • • Sediment g (Off -site) Direct Contact • • O O O O O O Biotic Tissue Ingestion • O • • • • • • (c) Groundwater Ingestion O O O O O O O O Groundwater Direct Contact O O O O O O O O AOW Water Ingestion O • O O O O O O L-0. (On -site) AOWs (a) Direct Contact O • O O O O O O U U ir : Incidental O • O O O O O O AOW Soil Ingestion NOTES (On -site) Direct Contact O • O O O O O O • Potentially complete exposure pathways. O Pathway evaluated and found incomplete/insignificant. Potentially complete exposure but not evaluated at this site or Ingestion • • • • • • • • associated with Areas of Wetness (AOW). Surface Water —+ (a) AOWs are addressed in the Special Order by Consent (SOC) and not evaluated in the (On -site) J Direct Contact O O O O O O risk assessment update at this time. (b) Pathway complete if ash is excavated from the ash basin in the future; terrestrial Exposure to post excavation soil is currently incomplete. Incidental • • • • • • • O (c) Biotic tissue consists of plant or pray (i.e., invertebrates, small mammals, fish, Sediment Ingestion etc.) tissue, which are modeled from soil/sediment or surface water (On -site) concentrations. Direct Contact • • O O O O O O (d) Based on screening against aquatic life criteria. (' DUKE DRAWN BY: C. PONCE DATE:9/25/2019 FIGURE 3 ENERGY. REVISED BY: K. SHECK ECOLOGICAL CONCEPTUAL SITE MODEL CAROLINAS CHECKED BY: H.SMITH HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL CSM reflects exposure pathways evaluated quantitatively in the risk assessment. �� APPROVED BY: RISK ASSESSMENT PROJECT MANAGER: BRIAN WILKER MARSHALL STEAM STATION synTerra www.synterracorp.com TERRELL, NORTH CAROLINA TERRESTRIAL RECEPTORS Avian Mammal Robin (Omni- vore) Red -Tailed Hawk (Carni- vore) Meadow Vole (Herbivore) Red Fox (Carnivore) O O O O � O O O O O O O O • O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O • O O O O O O O O O O B • O O O O O O O O O O O • O O O O O O 3TREA iTREAM AND WETLAND DELINEATION CONDUCTED BY MCKIM & BG-16RA REED MARCH 2O16) - 'AMPLE LOCATIONS WERRE DERIVED FROM VARIOUS SOURCES • rf - - I ®GWA-8S %No ARE A MIX OF SURVEYED AND APPROXIMATE LOCATIONS. % THEREFORE, SAMPLE LOCATIONS ARE TO BE DEEMED �y r r '► �� %PPROXIMATE. r ! 4ERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY OBTAINED FROM GOGGLE EARTH PRO ON / .• IULY 26, 2018. IMAGE COLLECTED ON MARCH 30, 2018. ♦ r �� w DRAWING HAS BEEN SET WITH A PROJECTION OF NORTH .. JAROLINA STATE PLANE COORDINATE SYSTEM FIPS 3200 (NAD83). - GWA-SS BG-3S/BR GWA-4S � - MW-4D M W-4 - , J r+✓' ;r GWA-6S BG-2S Ford rr wwi • i • p �. r{ ) GWA-14S/D GWA-3S ,. � `. - I�' ■ �; MW-3 1 rt rf ' AB 18S/DU/D CO F " { t Q� ` • k, I ' • ® M-16 O AL 3./BR o' �\Y �. •. O 1 • � �• AB-16S/DU AL,4BR/BRL O OB-2 (MW-6) ■ �''. • ` k, MW-13S/D O � O �� AB-11S l , l r/ 1 AB-20S� ': 1•- AL-2S/BRL/BRLL/BRLLL� O MW-5 Cr Lake Norman i ' �• • •� ,, CCR-16S/D rr;. Terrell of Catawba a _ AB-13S ®4 ,♦ GWA-7D c • I- • � � CCR-15S/D / • •� ' '• • s3 CAB-14S/DU MW 2O .. , • .� .�•;. Mw-14S/D/BRL ` '• _ �•/ t t 1 t '.�, !'� JAB-10S/SL/BR/BRL s GWA-10S/D GWA-13S/DA S AB-12S/SL/BR , OUTFALL 101 / S-1 rr Mw-12S/D / Po GWA-13D !- CCR-14S/D y�o • �Q GWA-11S/D/BR r Pit AB-9S/D. AL-1S/BR/BRL • • 1 � t .` r e� CAB-7S/DU/DU AB-8S/DU CCR-13S/D f� MW 1 _ M�!�r�� r GWA 15S/D - • ® }y AM%It OB Landfilll ) -1� ® , R .r �•*�` * • AB-6S/BRA/BRL O t CCR-12S/D O 1 ?: CCR-10S/D O r . • 1. MW-6S/D r i GWA-12S/D/BR O MW-11S/D ® AB-21S ' CCR-11S/D O nCCR9,D C!LE �� lk GROUNDWATER SAMPLING LOCATION AB-1S/D/BR/BRLL/BRLLLl:, SOILSAMPLING LOCATION ' - • SOIL AND GROUNDWATER SAMPLING LOCATION _ MS-8 MSSW001 - - S_2 OUTFALL 102 / 104 A MS-9 Mw 10S/D O AREA OF WETNESS (AOW) SAMPLING LOCATION F I t ` r►` ®• �■ AOW AND SEDIMENT SAMPLING LOCATION A MS-16 AB 4S "f MSWW002 O: MW-7S/D �.. • . • SURFACE WATER SAMPLING LOCATION o DO• �• y :" 1 SURFACE WATER AND SEDIMENT SAMPLING LOCATION MS-1 MW-8S/D a t' • EFFLUENT WATER SAMPLING LOCATION O ABANDONED MONITORING WELL '� ti� Mw-9S/D �• ASH BASIN WASTE BOUNDARY Rom• « '~" MS-11 ASH BASIN COMPLIANCE BOUNDARY O ' O CCR-5S/D LANDFILL BOUNDARY .- MS-7 O 1 O 41VIS 2 % STRUCTURAL FILL BOUNDARY O D O l CCR-2S/D r • . MS-14 ■� CCR-1S/D O CCR-4S/D `.>" LANDFILL COMPLIANCE BOUNDARY MS-6 OS MS 13' M3 DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS MARSHALL PLANT MS-12 . �� / �� j N • SITE BOUNDARY • ' STREAM (MCKIM & CREED 2016) p✓za r 40TGWA-2S/DA ®rl CCR-3S/D • r/ " s ++ MS-5 O O + J GWA-1 D WETLAND (MCKIM &CREED 2016) MS-4 O LRB-2S r it �O GRAPHIC SCALE FIGURE 4 t .. DUKE • � � �� - �� ENERGY. 490 0 490 980 `~ w•;.. ® SAMPLE LOCATION MAP -- "� •- - CAROLINAS (IN HUMAN HEALTH AND DRAWN BY: 1` •i� '- ww Ji OUNG DATE: 01/31/2019 REVSEDBY: BBYYOUNG DATE:09/11/2019 ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT CHECKED Br. E.KER DATE:09/11/2019 APPROVED BY: .WILMARSHALL STEAM STATION wnTerra PROJECT MANAGER: BKWILKER DATE:09/11/2019 TERRELL, NORTH CAROLINA r + T • 1 ■ ■ I DUKE 490 GRAPHIC SCALE 490 980 4ENERGY CAROLINAS ON FEET) DRAWN BY: A. FEIGL DATE: 01/31/2019 REVISED BY: K. KING DATE: 09/24/2019 CHECKED BY: C. PONCE DATE: 09/24/2019 APPROVED BY: C. PONCE DATE: 09/24/2019 synTerra PROJECT MANAGER: B. WILKER www.s nterracor .com LEGEND EXPOSURE AREA 1 0 EXPOSURE AREA 2 AREA OF CONCENTRATION IN GROUNDWATER ABOVE NC21- (SEE NOTES) ASH BASIN WASTE BOUNDARY — - — - — ASH BASIN COMPLIANCE BOUNDARY LANDFILL BOUNDARY STRUCTURAL FILL BOUNDARY LANDFILL COMPLIANCE BOUNDARY DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS MARSHALL PLANT - - — SITE BOUNDARY STREAM (MCKIM & CREED 2016) ® WETLANDS (MCKIM & CREED 2016) NOTES: 1. GENERALIZED AREAL EXTENT OF MIGRATION REPRESENTED BY NCAC 02L EXCEEDANCES OF BORON. 2. TWO EXPOSURE AREAS WERE DEVELOPED TO EVALUATE ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE TO SURFACE WATER AND SEDIMENT. THE EXPOSURE AREAS CONSIDER ECOLOGICAL HABITATS, NEARBY WATER BODIES, AND WET AREAS. 3. ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE AREA IS CONSIDERED BACKGROUND AND WAS NOT EVALUATED. 4. NATURAL RESOURCES TECHNICAL REPORT (NRTR) PREPARED BY AMEC FOSTER WHEELER, INC., JUNE 19, 2015. 5WETLAND DELINEATION SURVEY CONDUCTED BY MCKIM AND CREED, MARCH 2616. 6. PROPERTY BOUNDARY PROVIDED BY DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS. 7. AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY OBTAINED FROM GOOGLE EARTH PRO ON SEPTEMBER 12, 2017. IMAGE COLLECTED ON OCTOBER 8, 2016. 8. DRAWING HAS BEEN SET WITH A PROJECTION OF NORTH CAROLINA STATE PLANE COORDINATE SYSTEM FIPS 3200 (NAD83/2011). FIGURE 5 ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE AREAS HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT MARSHALL STEAM STATION TERRELL, NORTH CAROLINA Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station ATTACHMENTS SynTerra Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station ATTACHMENT 1 RISK ASSESSMENT DATA SETS SynTerra ATTACHMENT TABLE 1-1 RISK ASSESSMENT DATA SETS - GROUNDWATER HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT MARSHALL STEAM STATION DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, TERRELL, NC Locations Used in the Risk Assessment Locations Excluded in the Risk Assessment Basis of Location Exclusion Ash Basin AB-1BR/BRL/BRLL/BRLLL/D/S AB-3S ash pore water AB-2BR/D/S AB-4S/SL ash pore water A13-31D AB-55 ash pore water A13-4D AB-6S ash pore water AB-5BR/D/DU AB-75 ash pore water A13-6BR/BRA/BRL/D AB-8S ash pore water AB-7D/DU AB-105/SL ash pore water A13-8D/DU AB-12S/SL ash pore water AB-9BR/D/5 AB-135 ash pore water A13-10BR/BRL/D AB-14S ash pore water A13-11D/S AB-155/SL ash pore water AB-12BR/D AB-17S ash pore water AB-13D AB-185 ash pore water AB-14D/DU AB-20S ash pore water AB-15BR/D AB-215 ash pore water AB-16D/DU/S AL-3S ash pore water AB-17D BG-1BR/13RA/D/5 background AB-18D/DU BG-2BR/S background AB-20D BG-3BR/D/S background AB-21D GWA-4D/S background AL-1BR/13RL/D/S GWA-SD/5 background AL-2BR/BRL/BRLL/BRLLL/D/S GWA-6D/S background AL-313R/D GWA-8D/S background AL-4BR/BRL/D GWA-1213R/D/S background CCR-1D/5 GWA-14D/5 upgradient/background CCR-2D/S M-6 and M-16 relict/historic location CCR-3D/5 MR wells Private wells CCR-4D/S MS-10 background CCR-SD/5 MW-4/D background CCR-9D/DA/S CCR-10D/5 CCR-11D/S CCR-12D/5 CCR-13D/S CCR-14D/5 CCR-15D/S CCR-16D/5 CP-1D/S --- --- CP-2D/S CP-3D/S GP-1D/S --- --- GP-2D/S GP-3D/S GWA-1BR/D/S GWA-2D/DA/S GWA-3D/S --- --- GWA-7D/S GWA-9BR GWA-IOD/S GWA-11BR/D/S GWA-13DA/S GWA-15D/S ILF-1BR/D/5 ILF-2D/S MS-8 MS-9 MS-11 MS-12 MS-13 MS-14 MS-15 MS-16 MW-1 MW-2 MW-3 MW-5 MW-6/D/5 MW-7/D/S --- --- MW-8D/5 MW-9D/S MW-10D/S MW-11D/S MW-12D/5 MW-13D/S M W-14BR/BRL/D/S 2B-1 (ash basin) OB-1 (dry ash landfill) PVSF-1BR D S through PVSF-3B D S Notes: --- no entry Rationales for exclusion of individual samples or analytical results from risk analysis: • Samples with turbidity greater than 10 and/or pH greater than 8.5 Samples where either turbidity or pH were not measured • Analytical results with '110' Flags • Sample dates prior to 2015 • Duplicate samples collected on the same date Prepared by: TCP Checked by: HES Page 1 of 1 ATTACHMENT 1 TABLE 1-2 RISK ASSESSMENT DATA SETS - SURFACE WATER HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT MARSHALL STEAM STATION DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, TERRELL, NC Locations Used in the Risk Assessment Locations Excluded in the Risk Assessment Basis of Location Exclusion F 2 DN SW-1 waste water H_2_DN SW-1 (FGDLF) waste water H 2 HCA SW-2 waste water H 2 UP SW-3 waste water H_2_UP (Bottom) SW-4 waste water SW-6 SW-5 waste water SW-9 SW-7 upgradient/background SW-101 through SW-106 SW-8 upgradient/background SW-109, SW-110 SW-10 downstream of NPDES Outfall SW-12 SW-11 downstream of NPDES Outfall Prepared by: TCP Checked by: HES Notes• Rationales for exclusion of individual samples or analytical results from risk analysis: • Analytical results with 'RO' flags • Sample dates prior to 2015 • Duplicate samples collected on the same date Page 1 of 1 ATTACHMENT 1 TABLE 1-3 RISK ASSESSMENT DATA SETS - SEDIMENT HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT MARSHALL STEAM STATION DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, TERRELL, NC Locations Used in the Risk Assessment Locations Excluded in the Risk Assessment Basis of Location Exclusion SW-06 SW-2 source area SW-101 SW-7 upgradient/background SW-102 SW-8 upgradient/background SW-103 --- --- SW-104 --- --- SW-105 --- --- SW-106 --- --- SW-109 --- --- SW-110 --- --- Prepared by: TCP Checked by: HES Notes• --- no entry Rationales for exclusion of individual samples or analytical results from risk analysis: • Analytical results with 'RO' flags • Sample dates prior to 2015 • Duplicate samples collected on the same date Page 1 of 1 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station ATTACHMENT 2 HUMAN HEALTH SCREENING TABLES SynTerra ATTACHMENT 2 TABLE 2-1 HUMAN HEALTH SCREENING - GROUNDWATER HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT MARSHALL STEAM STATION DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, TERRELL, NC Analyte CAS Number of Samples Frequency of Detection Range of Detection (Ng/L) Concentration Used for Screening (pg/L) 15A NCAC 02L .0202 Standard (a) (pg/L) 15A NCAC 02L .0202 IMAC (a) (pg/L) DHHS Screening Level (b) (pg/L) Federal MCL/ SMCL (c) (Ng/L) Tap Water RSL HI = 0.2 (d) (Ng/L) Screening Value Used (Ng/L) COPC? Min. Max. Aluminum 7429-90-5 1,223 645 4.109 8,160 8,160 NA NA 3,500 50 to 200 (e) 4,000 3,500 Y Antimony 7440-36-0 1,711 281 0.084 3.8 3.8 1 NA 1 6 1.56 M 1 Y Arsenic 7440-38-2 1,768 1,485 0.04 884 884 10 NA 10 10 0.052 (g,h) 10 Y Barium 7440-39-3 1,769 1,769 4.985 2,830 2,830 700 NA 700 2,000 760 700 Y Beryllium 7440-41-7 1,703 851 0.01 9.9 9.9 NA 4 4 4 5 4 Y Boron 7440-42-8 1,754 1,004 2.8 30,900 30,900 700 NA 700 NA 800 700 Y Cadmium 7440-43-9 1,768 429 0.024 7.5 7.5 2 NA 2 5 1.84 2 Y Chromium (Total) 7440-47-3 1,768 1,483 0.091 202 202 10 NA 10 100 4,400 (i) 10 Y Chromium (VI) 18540-29-9 1,130 828 0.0087 17 17 NA NA 0.07 NA 0.035 (h) 0.07 Y Cobalt 7440-48-4 1,703 1,489 0.01 348 348 NA 1 1 NA 1.2 1 Y Copper 7440-50-8 1,289 1,016 0.11 135 135 1,000 NA 1,000 1,300 (j) 160 1,000 N Lead 7439-92-1 1,656 769 0.028 9.7 9.7 15 NA 15 15 (k) 30 15 N Lithium 7439-93-2 859 810 0.16 420 420 NA NA NA NA 8 8 Y Manganese 7439-96-5 1,402 1,276 0.2 25,900 25,900 50 NA 200 50 (e) 86 50 Y Mercury 7439-97-6 1,657 149 0.007 1.4 1.4 1 NA 1 2 1.14 (1) 1 Y Molybdenum 7439-98-7 1,665 1,137 0.069 103 103 NA NA 18 NA 20 18 Y Nickel 7440-02-0 1,401 1,134 0.13 248 248 100 NA 100 NA 78 (m) 100 Y Radium (Total)(0) 7440-14-4 954 954 0 107 107 NA NA NA 5 NA 5 Y Selenium 7782-49-2 1,768 687 0.088 109 109 20 NA 20 50 20 20 Y Silver 7440-22-4 95 0 NA NA ND 20 NA NA NA 18.8 20 N Strontium 7440-24-6 1,290 1,283 3.7 18,700 18,700 NA NA 2,100 NA 2,400 2,100 Y Thallium 7440-28-0 1,711 447 0.015 3.6 3.6 0.2 NA 0.2 2 0.04 (n) 0.2 Y Vanadium 7440-62-2 1,327 1 1136 0.069 15.4 15.4 NA NA 0.3 NA 17.2 0.3 Y Zinc 1 7440-66-6 1 1,290 1 808 1 1.766 357 357 1 NA 1 5,000 (e) 1,200 1 Y * Data evaluated includes data from 2015 to 2nd quarter 2019, unless otherwise noted Notes: CAS - Chemical Abstracts Service COPC - Constituent of Potential Concern DHHS - Department of Health and Human Services HI - Hazard Index IMAC - Interim Maximum Allowable Concentration MCL - Maximum Contaminant Level mg/L - milligrams/liter NA - Not Applicable NC - North Carolina NCAC - North Carolina Administrative Code RSL - Regional Screening Level SMCL - Secondary Maximum Contaminant Level (a) - North Carolina 15A NCAC 02L .0202 Groundwater Standards & IMACs. http://portal.ncdenr.org/c/document_library/get_file?uuid=laa3fal3-2cOf-45b7-ae96-5427fbld25b4&groupId=38364 Amended April 2013. (b) - DHHS Screening Levels. Department of Health and Human Services, Division of Public Health, Epidemiology Section, Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch. http://portal.ncdenr.org/c/document_library/get_file?p_I_id=1169848&folderld=24814087&name=DLFE-112704.pdf (c) - USEPA 2018 Edition of the Drinking Water Standards and Health Advisories. March 2018. https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2018-03/documents/dwtable2Ol8.pdf (d) - USEPA Regional Screening Levels (May 2019). Values for Residential Soil, Industrial Soil, and Tap Water. HI = 0.2. https://www.epa.gov/risk/regional-screening-levels-rsls-generic-tables (e) - Value is the Secondary Maximum Contaminant Level. https://www.epa.gov/dwstandardsregulations/secondary-drinking-water-standards-guidance-nuisance-chemicals (f) - RSL for Antimony (metallic) used for Antimony. (g) - Value applies to inorganic form of arsenic only. (h) - Value based on a target risk of 1 x 10-6 (i) - Value for Chromium (III), Insoluble Salts used for Chromium. (j) - Copper Treatment Technology Action Level is 1.3 mg/L. (k) - Lead Treatment Technology Action Level is 0.015 mg/L. (1) - RSL for Mercuric Chloride used for Mercury. (m) - RSL for Nickel Soluble Salts used for Nickel. (n) - RSL for Thallium (Soluble Salts) used for Thallium. (o) - Total Radium concentrations are in units of picocurries per liter (pCi/L). Prepared by: TCP Checked by: ARD pg/L - micrograms/liter USEPA - United States Environmental Protection Agency Page 1 of 1 ATTACHMENT 2 TABLE 2-2 HUMAN HEALTH SCREENING - SEDIMENT HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT MARSHALL STEAM STATION DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, TERRELL, NC Analyte CAS Number of Samples Frequency of Detection Range of Detection (mg/kg) Concentration Used for Screening (mg/kg) NC PSRG Residential Health Screening Level(a) (mg/kg) Residential Soil RSL (b) HI = 0.2 (mg/kg) NC PSRG Industrial Health Screening Level (a) (mg/kg) Industrial Soil RSL (b) HI = 0.2 (mg/kg) Residential Screening Value Used (mg/kg) Industrial Screening Value Used (mg/kg) Residential COPC? Industrial COPC? Min. Max. Aluminum 7429-90-5 9 9 6,600 37,000 37,000 16,000 15,400 230,000 220,000 16,000 230,000 Y N Antimony 7440-36-0 9 0 NA NA ND 6.3 (c) 6.2 (c) 93 (c) 94 (c) 6.3 93 N N Arsenic 7440-38-2 9 7 1.1 5.9 5.9 0.68 (d) 0.68 (d, e) 3 (e) 3 (d, e) 0.68 3 Y y Barium 7440-39-3 9 9 59 190 190 3,100 3,000 47,000 44,000 3,100 47,000 N N Beryllium 7440-41-7 9 9 0.23 1.7 1.7 31 32 470 460 31 470 N N Boron 7440-42-8 9 8 1.3 13 13 3,100 3,200 47,000 46,000 3,100 47,000 N N Cadmium 7440-43-9 9 2 0.05 0.052 0 14 14.2 200 196 14 200 N N Chromium (Total) 7440-47-3 9 9 9 69 69 23,000 (f) 24,000 (f) 350,000 (f) 360,000 (f) 23,000 350,000 N N Cobalt 7440-48-4 9 9 2.7 24 24 4.7 4.6 70 70 4.7 70 Y N Copper 7440-50-8 9 9 5.9 35 35 630 620 9,300 9,400 630 9,300 N N Lead 7439-92-1 9 9 2.7 21 21 400 400 0) 800 800 0) 400 800 N N Manganese 7439-96-5 9 9 64 540 540 380 360 5,600 5,200 380 5,600 Y N Mercury 7439-97-6 9 6 0.021 0.095 0.095 4.7 (g) 4.6 (g) 70 (g) 70 (g) 4.7 70 N N Molybdenum 7439-98-7 9 1 1.9 1.9 1.9 78 78 1,200 1,160 78 1,200 N N Nickel 7440-02-0 9 9 4.7 30 30 310 (h) 300 (h) 4,700 (h) 4,400 (h) 310 4,700 N N Selenium 7782-49-2 9 6 0.66 4.1 4.1 78 78 1,200 1,160 78 1,200 N N Silver 7440-22-4 8 0 NA NA ND 78 78 1,200 1,160 78 1,200 N N Strontium 7440-24-6 9 9 9.8 94 94 9,400 9,400 140,000 140,000 9,400 140,000 N N Thallium 7440-28-0 1 9 8 0.09 0.62 0.62 0.16 (i) 0.156 (i) 2.3 (i) 2.4 (i) 0.16 2.3 Y N Vanadium 7440-62-2 1 9 9 23 65 65 78 78 1,200 1,160 78 1,200 N N Zinc 7440-66-6 9 9 15 64 64 4,700 4,600 70,000 70,000 4,700 70,000 N N * Data evaluated includes data from 2015 to 2nd quarter 2019, unless otherwise noted Notes: CAS - Chemical Abstracts Service INC - North Carolina COPC - Constituent of Potential Concern ND - Not Detected HI - Hazard Index PSRG - Preliminary Soil Remediation Goal mg/kg - milligrams/kilogram RSL - Regional Screening Level NA - Not Applicable USEPA - United States Environmental Protection Agency (a) - North Carolina Preliminary Soil Remediation Goals (PSRG) Table. HI = 0.2. May 2019. https:Hflles.nc.gov/ncdeq/Waste%20Management/DWM/risk_based_remediation/PSRGs_May20l9_FINAL.pdf (b) - USEPA Regional Screening Levels (May 2019). Values for Residential and Industrial Soil. HI = 0.2. https://www.ePa.gov/risk/regional-screeni ng-levels-mis-generic-tables (c) - RSL for Antimony (metallic) used for Antimony. (d) - Value applies to inorganic form of arsenic. (e) - Value based on a target risk of 1 x 10-6 (f) - Value for Chromium (III), Insoluble Salts used for Chromium. (g) - RSL for Mercuric Chloride used for Mercury. (h) - RSL for Nickel (Soluble Salts) used for Nickel. (i) - RSL for Thallium (Soluble Salts) used for Thallium. (j) - HI=0.1 Prepared by: TCP Checked by: ARD Page 1 of 1 ATTACHMENT 2 TABLE 2-3 HUMAN HEALTH SCREENING - SURFACE WATER HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT MARSHALL STEAM STATION DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, TERRELL, NC Analyte CAS Number of Samples Frequency of Detection Range of Detection (pg/L) Concentration Used for Screening (p9/L) 15A NCAC 02L .0202 Standard (a) (pg/L) 15A NCAC 02L .0202 IMAC (a) (pg/L) 15A NCAC 02B Water Supply (b) (pg/L) 15A NCAC 02B Human Health (b) (pg/L) USEPA AWQC Consumption of Water and Organism (c) (pg/L) USEPA AWQC Consumption of Organism Only (c) (pg/L) Federal MCL/ SMCL (d) (pg/L) Tap Water RSL HI = 0.2 (e) (pg/L) Screening Value Used (pg/L) COPC? Min. Max. Aluminum 7429-90-5 54 47 57.5 701 701 NA NA NA NA NA NA 50 to 200 (f) 4,000 50 y Antimony 7440-36-0 55 32 0.1 0.75 0.75 1 NA NA NA 5.6 640 6 1.56 (g) 1 N Arsenic 7440-38-2 80 55 0.16 2.5 2.5 10 NA 10 10 0.018 (h) 0.14 (h) 10 0.052 (h,i) 10 N Barium 7440-39-3 80 80 9.7 140 140 700 NA 1,000 NA 1,000 NA 2,000 760 700 N Beryllium 7440-41-7 55 36 0.011 0.17 0.17 NA 4 NA NA NA NA 4 5 4 N Boron 7440-42-8 80 60 31.8 3,500 3,500 700 NA NA NA NA NA NA 800 700 Y Cadmium 7440-43-9 80 5 0.028 0.086 0.086 2 NA NA NA NA NA 5 1.84 2 N Chromium (Total) 7440-47-3 80 52 0.12 4.7 4.7 10 NA NA NA NA NA 100 4,400 (j) 10 N Chromium (VI) 18540-29-9 52 31 0.016 1.1 1.1 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 0.035 (i) 0.035 Y Cobalt 7440-48-4 55 53 0.061 24.6 24.6 NA 1 NA NA NA NA NA 1.2 1 Y Copper 7440-50-8 80 72 0.13 7.4 7.4 1,000 NA NA NA 1,300 NA 1,300 (k) 160 1,000 N Lead 7439-92-1 80 39 0.053 0.73 0.73 15 NA NA NA NA NA 15 (1) 30 15 N Lithium 7439-93-2 4 2 0.56 0.59 0.59 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 8 8 N Manganese 7439-96-5 55 55 18.4 1,600 1,600 50 NA 200 NA 50 100 50 (f) 86 50 Y Mercury 7439-97-6 80 73 4.39E-04 0.0082 0.0082 1 NA NA NA NA NA 2 1.14 (m) 1 N Molybdenum 7439-98-7 55 49 0.09 2.6 2.6 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 20 20 N Nickel 7440-02-0 80 39 0.24 12.7 12.7 100 NA 25 NA 610 4,600 NA 78 (n) 100 N Selenium 7782-49-2 80 14 0.25 1 2 2 20 NA NA NA 170 4,200 50 20 20 N Silver 7440-22-4 32 0 NA NA ND 20 NA NA NA NA NA NA 18.8 20 N Strontium 7440-24-6 55 55 22.3 1,800 1,800 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 2,400 2,400 N Thallium 7440-28-0 80 19 0.015 0.11 0.11 0.2 NA NA NA 0.24 0.47 2 0.04 (o) 0.2 N Vanadium 7440-62-2 55 53 0.23 2.6 2.6 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 17.2 17 N Zinc 1 7440-66-6 80 1 42 2.7 9.2 1 9.2 1 1 1 NA NA NA 1 7,400 1 26,000 1 5,000 (f) 1,200 1 y * Data evaluated includes data from 2015 to 2nd quarter 2019, unless otherwise noted Prepared by: TCP Checked by: ARD Notes: FJg/L - micrograms/liter IMAC - Interim Maximum Allowable Concentration mg/L - milligrams/liter WS - Water Supply AWQC - Ambient Water Quality Criteria MCL - Maximum Contaminant Level NCAC - North Carolina Administrative Code CAS - Chemical Abstracts Service NA - Not Applicable RSL - Regional Screening Level COPC - Constituent of Potential Concern NC - North Carolina SMCL - Secondary Maximum Contaminant Level HI - Hazard Index NO - Not Detected USEPA - United States Environmental Protection Agency (a) - North Carolina 15A NCAC 02L .0202 Groundwater Standards & IMACs. http://portal.ncdenr.org/r/document_library/get_file?uuid=laa3fal3-2cOf-45b7-ae96-5427fbld25b4&groupId=38364 Amended April 2013. (b) - North Carolina 15A NCAC 02B Surface Water and Wetland Standards. Amended January 1, 2015. http://reports.oah.state.nc.us/ncac/title % 2015a % 20- % 20environmental % 20quality/chapter % 2002 % 20- % 20environmental % 20management/subchapter % 20b/subchapter % 20b % 20rules.pdf WS standards are applicable to all Water Supply Classifications. WS standards are based on the consumption of fish and water. Human Health Standards are based on the consumption of fish only unless dermal contact studies are available. (c) - USEPA National Recommended Water Quality Criteria. USEPA Office of Water and Office of Science and Technology. USEPA AWQC Human Health for the Consumption of Organism Only apply to total concentrations. https://www.epa.gov/wgr/national-recommended-water-quality-criteria-human-health-criteria-table (d) - USEPA 2018 Edition of the Drinking Water Standards and Health Advisories. March 2018. https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2018-03/documents/dwtable2Ol8.pdf (e) - USEPA Regional Screening Levels (May 2019). Values for Tap Water. HI = 0.2. https://www.epa.gov/risk/regional-screening-levels-rsls-generic-tables (f) - Value is the Secondary Maximum Contaminant Level. https://www.epa.gov/dwstandardsregulations/secondary-drinking-water-standards-guidance-nuisance-chemicals (g) - RSL for Antimony (metallic) used for Antimony. (h) - Value applies to inorganic form of arsenic only. (i) - Value based on a target risk of 1 x 10-6 (j) - Value for Chromium (III), Insoluble Salts used for Chromium. (k) - Copper Treatment Technology Action Level is 1.3 mg/L. (1) - Lead Treatment Technology Action Level is 0.015 mg/L. (m) - RSL for Mercuric Chloride used for Mercury. (n) - RSL for Nickel Soluble Salts used for Nickel. (o) - RSL for Thallium (Soluble Salts) used for Thallium. Page 1 of 1 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station ATTACHMENT 3 ECOLOGICAL SCREENING TABLES SynTerra ATTACHMENT 3 TABLE 3-1 ECOLOGICAL SCREENING - SEDIMENT HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT MARSHALL STEAM STATION DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, TERRELL, NC Analyte CAS Number of Samples Frequency of Detection Range of Detection (mg/kg) Concentration Used for Screening (mg/kg) USEPA Region 4 Sediment Screening Values (a) (mg/kg) Screening Value Used (mg/kg) COPC? Min. Max. ESV RSV Aluminum 7429-90-5 8 8 7,400 37,000 37,000 25,000 (b) 58,000 (b) 25,000 y Antimony 7440-36-0 8 0 NA NA ND 2 (c) 25 (c) 2 N Arsenic 7440-38-2 8 7 1.1 5.9 5.9 9.8 (d) 33 (d) 10 N Barium 7440-39-3 8 8 59 190 190 20 (d) 60 (d) 20 y Beryllium 7440-41-7 8 8 0.48 1.7 1.7 NA NA NA N Boron 7440-42-8 8 7 1.7 13 13 NA NA NA N Cadmium 7440-43-9 8 2 0.045 0.052 0.052 1 (d) 5 (d) 1 N Chromium (Total) 7440-47-3 8 8 13 69 69 43.4 (d) 111 (d) 43 y Cobalt 7440-48-4 8 8 2.7 24 24 50 (e) NA (e) 50 N Copper 7440-50-8 8 8 5.9 35 35 31.6 (d) 149 (d) 31.6 y Lead 7439-92-1 8 8 4.5 21 21 35.8 (d) 128 (d) 35.8 N Manganese 7439-96-5 8 8 64 540 540 460 (f) 1,100 (f) 460 y Mercury 7439-97-6 8 6 0.021 0.095 0.095 0.18 (d) 1.1 (d) 0.18 N Molybdenum 7439-98-7 8 1 1.9 1.9 1.9 NA NA NA N Nickel 7440-02-0 8 8 4.8 30 30 22.7 (d) 48.6 (d) 22.7 y Selenium 7782-49-2 8 6 0.66 4.1 4.1 0.8 (f) 1.2 (f) 0.8 y Silver 7440-22-4 7 0 NA NA ND 1 (d) 2.2 (d) 1.0 N Strontium 7440-24-6 8 8 11 94 94 NA NA NA N Thallium 7440-28-0 8 7 0.09 0.62 0.62 NA NA NA N Vanadium 7440-62-2 8 8 23 65 65 NA NA NA N Zinc 7440-66-6 1 8 1 8 1 15 1 64 1 64 121 (d) 459 (d) r 121 1 N * Data evaluated includes data from 2015 to 2nd quarter 2019, unless otherwise noted Notes: CAS - Chemical Abstracts Service mg/kg - milligrams/kilogram RSV - Refinement Screening Value COPC - Constituent of Potential Concern NA - Not Applicable USEPA - United States Environmental Protection Agency ESV - Ecoloigical Screening Value NO - Not Detected (a) - USEPA Region 4 Ecological Risk Assessment Supplemental Guidance. March 2018 Update. https: //www. epa. gov/sites/prod u cti on/files/2018-03/documents/era_reg i ona l_su pplementa I_g u ida nce_repo rt-march-2018_u pdate. pdf (b) - Los Alamos National Laboratory ECORISK Database. http://www.lani.gov/community-environment/environmental-stewardship/protection/eco-risk-assessment.php (c) - Long, Edward R., and Lee G. Morgan. 1991. The Potential for Biological Effects of Sediment-Sorbed Contaminants Tested in the National Status and Trends Program. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS OMA 52. Used effects range low (ER-L) for chronic and effects range medium (ER-M) for acute. (d) - MacDonald, D.D.; Ingersoll, C.G.; Smorong, D.E.; Lindskoog, R.A.; Sloane, G.; and T. Bernacki. 2003. Development and Evaluation of Numerical Sediment Quality Assessment Guidelines for Florida Inland Waters. Florida Department of Environmental Protection, Tallahassee, FL. Used threshold effect concentration (TEC) for the ESV and probable effect concentration (PEC) for the RSV. (e) - Persaud, D., R. Jaagumagi and A. Hayton. 1993. Guidelines for the protection and management of aquatic sediment quality in Ontario. Ontario Ministry of the Environment. Queen's Printer of Ontario. (f) - Los Alamos National Laboratory ECORISK Database. September 2017. http://www.lanl.gov/environment/protection/eco-risk-assessment.php Prepared by: TCP Checked by: HES Page 1 of 1 ATTACHMENT TABLE 3-2 ECOLOGICAL SCREENING - SURFACE WATER HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT MARSHALL STEAM STATION DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, TERRELL, NC Analyte CAS Number of Samples Frequency of Detection Range of Detection (p9/L) Concentration Used for Screening (pg/L) 15A NCAC 213 Freshwater Aquatic Life Chronic (a) (p9/L) USEPA Region 4 Freshwater Chronic Screening Values (b) (p9/L) USEPA AWQC (c) CCC (chronic) (pg/L) Screening Value Used (pg/L) COPC? Min. Max. Total Total Total Aluminum 7429-90-5 50 43 57.5 701 701 NA 87 (c) 87 87 y Antimony 7440-36-0 51 28 0.1 0.75 0.75 NA 190 (d) NA 190 N Arsenic 7440-38-2 56 51 0.16 2.5 2.5 NA 150 (c, e) 150 (e) 150 N Barium 7440-39-3 56 56 12.3 140 140 NA 220 (d) NA 220 N Beryllium 7440-41-7 51 36 0.011 0.17 0.17 NA 3.6 (f, d) NA 3.6 N Boron 7440-42-8 56 53 46.1 3,500 3,500 NA 7,200 (d) NA 7,200 N Cadmium 7440-43-9 56 5 0.028 0.086 0.086 NA 0.46 (f) 0.27 (g) 0.46 N Chromium (Total) 7440-47-3 56 48 0.12 4.7 4.7 NA 48.8 (f, h) NA 48.8 N Chromium (VI) 18540-29-9 48 27 0.016 1.1 1.1 11 (j) 11 U) 11 (j) 11 N Cobalt 7440-48-4 51 49 0.068 24.6 24.6 NA 19 (d) NA 19 y Copper 7440-50-8 56 52 0.13 7.4 7.4 NA 5.16 (f) NA 5.16 y Lead 7439-92-1 56 35 0.053 0.73 0.73 NA 1.32 (f) NA 1.32 N Lithium 7439-93-2 4 2 0.56 0.59 0.59 NA 440 (d) NA 440 N Manganese 7439-96-5 51 51 18.4 1,600 1,600 NA 93 (d) NA 93 y Mercury 7439-97-6 56 55 4.39E-04 0.0082 0.0082 0.012 0.77 (c,i) NA 0.012 N Molybdenum 7439-98-7 51 45 0.09 2.6 2.6 NA 800 (d) NA 800 N Nickel 7440-02-0 56 38 0.24 12.7 12.7 NA 29 (f) NA 29 N Selenium 7782-49-2 56 14 0.25 2 2 5 5 (d) NA 5 N Silver 7440-22-4 28 0 NA NA ND NA 1.15 (k) NA 1.15 N Strontium 7440-24-6 51 51 25.7 1,800 1,800 NA 5,300 (d) NA 5,300 N Thallium 7440-28-0 56 19 0.015 0.11 0.11 NA 6 (d) NA 6 N Vanadium 7440-62-2 51 49 0.23 2.6 2.6 NA 27 (d) NA 27 N Zinc 7440-66-6 1 56 37 2.7 9.2 9.2 NA 67 (f) 120 (g) 67 N * Data evaluated includes data from 2015 to 2nd quarter 2019, unless otherwise noted Notes: AWQC - Ambient Water Quality Criteria CAS - Chemical Abstracts Service CCC - Criterion Continuous Concentration COPC - Constituent of Potential Concern NA - Not Applicable NCAC - North Carolina Administrative Code ND - Not Detected pg/L - micrograms/liter USEPA - United States Environmental Protection Agency (a) - North Carolina 15A NCAC 02B Surface Water and Wetland Standards. Amended January 1, 2015. http: //reports.oah.state. nc. us/ncac/title%2015a %20-%20envi ronmenta l %2Oqual ity/chapter%2002 %20-%20envi ron mental %20ma n agement/subchapter%20 b/subchapter%20 b%20 ru l es. pdf (b) - USEPA Region 4 Ecological Risk Assessment Supplemental Guidance. March 2018 Update. https: //www.epa.gov/sites/prod u cti on/fi I es/2018-03/documents/era_reg i on a I_su ppl emental_guidance report-march-2018-update. pdf (c) - USEPA National Recommended Water Quality Criteria. USEPA Office of Water and Office of Science and Technology. Accessed October 2018. https://www.epa.gov/wgr/national-recommended-water-quality-criteria-aquatic-I ife-criteria-table (d) - Great Lakes Initiative (GLI) Clearinghouse resources Tier II criteria revised 2013. http://www.epa.gov/gliclearinghouse/ (e) - Value applies to inorganic form of arsenic only. (f) - Criterion expressed as a function of total hardness, using a default hardness of 50 mg/L. (g) - Criterion expressed as a function of total hardness, using a default hardness of 100 mg/L. (h) - Value for Chromium (III), Insoluble Salts used for Chromium. (i) - Value for Inorganic Mercury. (j) - Value based on dissolved criteria. No total criteria available. (k) - Value based on total acute criteria. No total chronic criteria available. Prepared by: TCP Checked by: HES Page 1 of 1 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra ATTACHMENT 4 DERIVATION OF RISK -BASED CONCENTRATIONS EXTRACTED FROM HALEY AND ALDRICH 2015) Page] of4 TABLE 3-1 HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL SCREENING LEVELS RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES DUKEENERGY Human Health Screening Levels Soil and Sediment Groundwater Surface Water INC PSRG Residential NC PSRG Industrial Soil 15A NCAC 15A NCAC 15A NCAC USEPA AWQC USEPA AWQC Residential Health Soil RSL (a) Industrial Health RSL (a) NC Protection 02L .0202 15A NCAC DHHS Tap Water RSL 02B 02B Consumption Consumption Screening Level HI = 0.2 Screening Level HI = 0.2 of Groundwater Standard 02L .0202 Screening Federal MCL/ HI = 0.2 Water Supply Human Health of Water and of Organism (hh) June 2015 (hh) June 2015 (PSRG ) (a) IMAC (a) Level (d) SMCL (c) 2015 (a) (WS) (f) (HH) (f) Organism (b) Only (b) Constituent CAS m Ik m /k m /k m /k m /k u /L u /L u /L u /L u /L u /L u /L u /L u /L Aluminum 7429-90-5 15,000 15,000 100,000 220,000 NA NA NA 3,500 50 to 200 (1) 4,000 NA NA NA NA Antimony 7440-36-0 6.2 (m) 6.2 (m) 94 (m) 94 (m) 0.9 (m) 1 NA 1 6 1.56 (m) NA NA 5.6 640 Arsenic 7440-38-2 0.68 (h) 0.68 (h) 3 (h) 3 (h) 5.8 (h) 10 NA 10 10 0.052 (h) 10 10 0.018 (h) 0.14 (h) Barium 7440-39-3 3,000 3,000 44,000 44,000 580 700 NA 700 2,000 760 1,000 NA 1,000 NA Beryllium 7440-41-7 32 32 460 460 63 NA 4 4 4 5 NA NA NA NA Boron 7440-42-8 3,200 3,200 46,000 46,000 45 700 NA 700 NA 800 NA NA NA NA Cadmium 7440-43-9 14 14.2 200 196 3 2 NA 2 5 1.84 NA NA NA NA Calcium 7440-70-2 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Chromium (Total) 7440-47-3 24,000 (n) 24,000 (n) 100,000 (n) 360,000 (n) 360,000 (n) 10 NA 10 100 Q) 4,400 (n) NA NA NA NA Chromium, Hexavalent 18540-29-9 0.3 0.3 6.3 6.3 3.8 NA NA 0.07 NA 0.035 NA NA NA NA Chromium, Trivalent 16065-83-1 24,000 24,000 100,000 360,000 360,000 NA NA NA NA 4,400 NA NA NA NA Cobalt 7440-48-4 4.6 4.6 70 70 0.9 NA 1 1 NA 1.2 NA NA NA NA Copper 7440-50-8 620 620 9,400 9,400 700 1,000 NA 1,000 1,300 (k) 160 NA NA 1,300 NA Iron 7439-89-6 11,000 11,000 100,000 164,000 150 300 NA 2,500 300 (1) 2,800 NA NA NA NA Lead 7439-92-1 400 400 800 800 270 15 NA 15 15 (1) 15 NA NA NA NA Magnesium 7439-95-4 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Manganese 7439-96-5 360 360 5,200 5,200 65 50 NA 200 50 (i) 86 200 NA 50 100 Mercury 7439-97-6 4.6 (o) 4.6 (o) 3.1 (o) 70 (o) 1 (0) 1 NA 1 2 1.14 (o) NA NA NA NA Molybdenum 7439-98-7 78 78 1,200 1,160 NA NA NA 18 NA 20 NA NA NA NA Nickel 7440-02-0 300 (p) 300 (p) 4,400 (p) 4,400 (p) 130 (p) 100 NA 100 NA 78 (p) 25 NA 610 4,600 Potassium 7440-09-7 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Selenium 7782-49-2 78 78 1,200 1,160 2.1 20 NA 20 50 20 NA NA 170 4,200 Sodium 7440-23-5 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 20,000 NA NA NA NA NA NA Strontium 7440-24-6 9,400 9,400 100,000 100,000 NA NA NA 2,100 NA 2,400 NA NA NA NA Thallium 7440-28-0 0.16 (q) 0.156 (q) 2.4 (q) 2.4 (q) 0.28 (q) 0.2 NA 0.2 2 0.04 (q) NA NA 0.24 0.47 Titanium 7440-32-6 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Vanadium 7440-62-2 78 78 1,160 1,160 6 NA NA 0.3 NA 17.2 NA NA NA NA Zinc 7440-66-6 4,600 4,600 70,000 70,000 1,200 1 NA 1 5,000 (i) 1,200 NA NA 7,400 26,000 Alkalinity ALK NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Bicarbonate Alkalinity ALKBICARB NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Carbonate Alkalinity ALKCARB NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Chloride 7647-14-5 NA NA NA NA NA 250,000 NA 0.25 250,000 (i) NA 250,000 NA NA NA Methane 74-82-8 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Nitrate 14797-55-8 26,000 26,000 100,000 380,000 NA NA NA NA 10,000 6,400 10,000 NA 10,000 NA pH PH NA NA NA NA NA 6.5 - 8.5 NA NA 6.5 - 8.5 NA NA NA 5.0 - 9.0 NA Sulfate 7757-82-6 NA NA NA NA NA 250,000 NA 250,000 (w) 250,000 (1) NA 250,000 NA NA NA Sulfide 18496-25-8 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Total Dissolved Solids TDS NA NA NA NA NA 500,000 NA NA 500,000 (1) NA 500,000 NA 250,000 NA Total Organic Carbon TOC NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Total Suspended Solids TSS NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Haley & Aldrich, Inc. 2015-1217-HAI Screening -e Ie Update 1.Al ,ALL 1/11/2016 Page 2 of 4 TABLE HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL SCREENING LEVELS RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES DUKE ENERGY Ecological Screening Levels Soil Sediment Eco-SSL (ee) Eco-SSL (ee) Eco-SSL (ee) Eco-SSL (ee) ORNL (ff) ORNL (gg) USEPA Region 4 USEPA Region 4 Avian Soil Invertebrate Soil Mammalian Plants Soil Invertebrate Soil Plant Sediment Soil Screening Screening Screening Soil Screening Screening Screening Screening Screening Values (g) Benchmark (g) Benchmark Benchmark Benchmark Benchmark Benchmark Benchmark m /k Constituent CAS m /k m /k m /k m /k m /k m /k m /k ESV RSV Aluminum 7429-90-5 50 NA NA NA NA NA 50 25,000 (x) 58,000 (x) Antimony 7440-36-0 0.27 NA 78 0.27 NA NA 5 2 (y) 25 (y) Arsenic 7440-38-2 18 43 NA 46 18 60 10 9.8 (z) 33 (z) Barium 7440-39-3 330 NA 330 2,000 NA NA 500 20 (z) 60 (z) Beryllium 7440-41-7 10 NA 40 21 NA NA 10 NA NA Boron 7440-42-8 7.5 NA NA NA 0.5 NA 0.5 NA NA Cadmium 7440-43-9 0.36 0.77 140 0.36 32 20 4 1 (z) 5 (z) Calcium 7440-70-2 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Chromium (Total) 7440-47-3 28 26 (n) NA 34 (n) NA 0.4 1 43.4 (z) 111 (z) Chromium, Hexavalent 18540-29-9 0.35 NA NA 130 NA 0.4 1 NA NA Chromium, Trivalent 16065-83-1 18 26 NA 34 NA NA NA NA NA Cobalt 7440-48-4 13 120 NA 230 13 NA 20 50 (aa) NA (aa) Copper 7440-50-8 28 120 NA 230 13 50 100 31.6 (z) 149 (z) Iron 7439-89-6 200 NA NA NA NA NA NA 20,000 (aa) 40,000 (aa) Lead 7439-92-1 11 11 1700 56 120 500 50 35.8 (z) 128 (z) Magnesium 7439-95-4 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Manganese 7439-96-5 220 4,300 450 4,000 220 NA 500 460 (bb) 1,100 (bb) Mercury 7439-97-6 0.1 NA 0.1 NA 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.18 (z) 1.1 (z) Molybdenum 7439-98-7 2 NA NA NA 2 NA 2 NA NA Nickel 7440-02-0 38 210 280 130 38 200 30 22.7 (z) 48.6 (z) Potassium 7440-09-7 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Selenium 7782-49-2 0.52 1.2 4.1 0.63 0.52 70 1 11 (bb) 20 (bb) Sodium 7440-23-5 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Strontium 7440-24-6 96 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Thallium 7440-28-0 0.22 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Titanium 7440-32-6 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Vanadium 7440-62-2 7.8 7.8 NA 280 2 NA 2 NA NA Zinc 7440-66-6 46 46 120 79 160 100 50 121 (z) 459 (z) Alkalinity ALK NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Bicarbonate Alkalinity ALKBICARB NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Carbonate Alkalinity ALKCARB NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Chloride 7647-14-5 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Methane 74-82-8 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Nitrate 14797-55-8 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA pH PH NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Sulfate 7757-82-6 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Sulfide 18496-25-8 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 39 (bb) 61 (bb) Total Dissolved Solids TDS NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Total Organic Carbon TOC NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Total Suspended Solids TSS NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Haley & Aldrich, Inc. 2015-1217-HAI Screening -e Ie Update 1.Ae , ALL 1/11 /2016 Page 3 of4 TABLE HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL SCREENING LEVELS RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES DUKE ENERGY Ecological Screening Levels Surface Water 15A NCAC 2B 15A NCAC 2B USEPA Region 4 USEPA Region 4 USEPA USEPA Freshwater Aquatic Life Freshwater Aquatic Life Freshwater Acute Screening Freshwater Chronic Screening AWQC (b) AWQC (b) Acute (f) Chronic (f) Values (g) Values (g) CMC (acute) CCC (chronic) u IL u /L u /L u /L u /L u /L Constituent CAS Total Dissolved Total Dissolved Total Dissolved Total Dissolved Total Dissolved Total I Dissolved Aluminum 7429-90-5 NA NA NA NA 750 (b) NA 87 (b) NA 750 NA 87 NA Antimony 7440-36-0 NA NA NA NA 900 (cc) NA 190 (cc) NA NA NA NA NA Arsenic 7440-38-2 NA 340 NA 150 340 (b, h) 340 (b, h) 150 (b, h) 150 (b, h) 340 (h) 340 (h) 150 (h) 150 (h) Barium 7440-39-3 NA NA NA NA 2000 (cc) NA 220 (cc) NA NA NA NA NA Beryllium 7440-41-7 NA 65 NA 6.5 31 (r, cc) NA 3.6 (r, cc) NA NA NA NA NA Boron 7440-42-8 NA NA NA NA 34,000 (cc) NA 7,200 (cc) NA NA NA NA NA Cadmium 7440-43-9 NA 0.82 (u) NA 0.15 (u) 1.1 (r) 1.0 (r) 0.16 (r) 0.15 (r) 2.13 (r) 2.01 (r) 0.27 (r) 0.25 (r) Calcium 7440-70-2 NA NA NA NA NA NA 116,000 (dd) NA NA NA NA NA Chromium (Total) 7440-47-3 NA 183 (n, u 50 24 (n, u 1,022 (n, r) 323 (n, r) 48.8 (n, r) 42.0 (n, r) 1,803 (n, r) 570 (n, r) 86.2 (n, r) 74.1 (n, r) Chromium, Hexavalent 18540-29-9 NA 16 NA 11 16 (b) 15.4 (b) 11 (b) 10.6 (b) NA NA NA NA Chromium, Trivalent 16065-83-1 NA 183 (u) NA 24 (u) 1,022 (r) 323 (r) 48.8 (r) 42.0 (r) 1,803 (r) 570 (r) 86.2 (r) 74.1 (r) Cobalt 7440-48-4 NA NA NA NA 120 (cc) NA 19 (cc) NA NA NA NA NA Copper 7440-50-8 NA 3.6 (u) NA 2.7 (u) 7.3 (r) 7.0 (r) 5.16 (r) 4.95 (r) 14.0 (r) 13.4 (r) 9.33 (r) 8.96 (r) Iron 7439-89-6 NA NA NA NA NA NA 1,000 (b) NA NA NA 1,000 NA Lead 7439-92-1 NA 14 (u) NA 0.54 (u) 33.8 (r) 30.1 (r) 1.32 (r) 1.17 (r) 81.6 (r) 64.6 (r) 3.18 (r) 2.52 (r) Magnesium 7439-95-4 NA NA NA NA NA NA 82,000 (dd) NA NA NA NA NA Manganese 7439-96-5 NA NA NA NA 1,680 (cc) NA 93 (cc) NA NA NA NA NA Mercury 7439-97-6 NA NA 0.012 NA 1.4 (b, s) 1.2 (b, s) 0.77 (b, s) 0.65 (b, s) 1.4 (s) 1.2 (s) 0.77 (s) 0.65 (s) Molybdenum 7439-98-7 NA NA NA NA 7,200 (cc) NA 800 (cc) NA NA NA NA NA Nickel 7440-02-0 NA 145 (u) NA 16 (u) 261 (r) 260 (r) 29.0 (r) 28.9 (r) 469 (r) 468 (r) 52.2 (r) 52.0 (r) Potassium 7440-09-7 NA NA NA NA NA NA 53,000 (dd) NA NA NA NA NA Selenium 7782-49-2 NA NA 5 NA 20 (cc) NA 5 (cc) NA 12.82 (t) NA 5 (t) NA Sodium 7440-23-5 NA NA NA NA NA NA 680,000 (dd) NA NA NA NA NA Strontium 7440-24-6 NA NA NA NA 48,000 (cc) NA 5,300 (cc) NA NA NA NA NA Thallium 7440-28-0 NA NA NA NA 54 (cc) NA 6 (cc) NA NA NA NA NA Titanium 7440-32-6 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Vanadium 7440-62-2 NA NA NA NA 79 (cc) NA 27 (cc) NA NA NA NA NA Zinc 7440-66-6 NA 36 (u) NA 36 (u) 67 (r) 65 (r) 67 (r) 66 (r) 120 (r) 117 (r) 120 (r) 118 (r) Alkalinity ALK NA NA NA NA NA NA 20,000 NA NA NA 20,000 NA Bicarbonate Alkalinity ALKBICARB NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Carbonate Alkalinity ALKCARB NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Chloride 7647-14-5 NA NA 230,000 (v) NA 860,000 (b) NA 230,000 (b) NA 860,000 NA 230,000 NA Methane 74-82-8 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Nitrate 14797-55-8 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA pH PH NA NA 6.0 - 9.0 NA NA NA 6.5 - 9.0 (b) NA NA NA 6.5 - 9.0 NA Sulfate 7757-82-6 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Sulfide 18496-25-8 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 2 NA Total Dissolved Solids TDS NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Total Organic Carbon TOC NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Total Suspended Solids TSS NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Haley & Aldrich, Inc. 2015-1217-HAI Screening -e Ie Update 1.xls , ALL 1/11 /2016 Page 4 of 4 TABLE 3-1 HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL SCREENING LEVELS RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES DUKEENERGY Notes: AWQC - Ambient Water Quality Criteria. DENR - Department of Environment and Natural Resources. mg/kg - milligrams/kilogram. RSV - Refinement Screening Value. CAMA - Coal Ash Management Act. DHHS - Department of Health and Human Services. NA - Not Available. SMCL - Secondary Maximum Contaminant Level. North Carolina Session Law 2014-122, ESV - Ecological Screening Value. NC - North Carolina. SSL - Soil Screening Level. http://www.ncleg.nettSessions/2013/Bills/Senate/PDF/S729v7.pdf HH - Human Health NCAC - North Carolina Administrative Code. su - Standard units. CAS - Chemical Abstracts Service. HI - Hazard Index. ORNL - Oak Ridge National Laboratory. ug/L - micrograms/liter. CCC - Criterion Continuous Concentration. IMAC - Interim Maximum Allowable Concentration. PSRG - Preliminary Soil Remediation Goal. USEPA - United States Environmental Protection Agency. CMC - Criterion Maximum Concentration. MCL - Maximum Contaminant Level. RSL - Regional Screening Level. WS - Water Supply. (a) - USEPA Regional Screening Levels (June 2015). Values for Residential Soil, Industrial Soil, and Tap Water. HI = 0.2. Accessed November 2015. http://www2. epa.gov/risk/risk-based-screening-table-generic-tables (b) - USEPA National Recommended Water Quality Criteria. USEPA Office of Water and Office of Science and Technology. Accessed April 2015. http://water. epa.gov/scitech/swguidance/standards/criteria/cu rrenttindex.cfm USEPA AWQC Human Health for the Consumption of Organism Only apply to total concentrations. (c) - USEPA 2012 Edition of the Drinking Water Standards and Health Advisories. Spring 2012. Accessed April 2015. http://water.epa.gov/action/advisories/drinking/upload/dwstandards2012. pdf (d) - DHHS Screening Levels. Department of Health and Human Services, Division of Public Health, Epidemiology Section, Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch. http://portal.ncdenr.org/c/document_library/get_fle?p_I_id=1169848&folderld=24814087&name=DLFE-112704.pdf (a) - North Carolina 15A NCAC 02L .0202 Groundwater Standards & IMACs. http://portal.ncdenr.org/c/document_library/get_file?uuid=1aa3fa13-2cOf-45b7-ae96-5427fb1d25b4&groupld=38364 Amended April 2013. (f) - North Carolina 15A NCAC 02B Surface Water and Wetland Standards. Amended January 1, 2015. http://reports.oah.state.nc.us/ncac/title % 2015a / 20- / 20environmental % 20quality/chapter / 2002 / 20- / 20environmental % 20managementtsubchapter % 20b/subchapter / 20b / 20rules.pdf WS standards are applicable to all Water Supply Classifications. WS standards are based on the consumption of fish and water. Human Health Standards are based on the consumption offish only unless dermal contact studies are available. For Class C, use the most stringent of freshwater (or, if applicable, saltwater) column and the Human Health column. For a WS water, use the most stringent of Freshwater, WS and Human Health. Likewise, Trout Waters and High Quality Waters must adhere to the most stingent of all applicable standards. (g) - USEPA Region 4. 2015. Region 4 Ecological Risk Assessment Supplemental Guidance Interim Draft. August. http://www2.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-09/documents/r4 era_guidance document_draft_final_8-25-2015. pdf (h) - Value applies to inorganic form of arsenic only. (i) - Value is the Secondary Maximum Contaminant Level. 0) - Value for Total Chromium. (k) - Copper Treatment Technology Action Level is 1.3 mg/L. (1) - Lead Treatment Technology Action Level is 0.015 mg/L. (m) - RSL for Antimony (metallic) used for Antimony. (n) - Value for Chromium (III), Insoluble Salts used for Chromium. (o) - RSL for Mercuric Chloride used for Mercury. (p) - RSL for Nickel Soluble Salts used for Nickel. (q) - RSL for Thallium (Soluble Salts) used for Thallium. (r) - Criterion expressed as a function of total hardness (mg/L). Value displayed corresponds to a default total hardness of 100 mg/L. (s) - Value for Inorganic Mercury. (t) - Acute AWQC is equal to 1/[(f1/CMC1) + (f2/CMC2)] where f1 and f2 are the fractions of total selenium that are treated as selenite and selenate, respectively, and CMC1 and CMC2 are 185.9 ug/L and 12.82 ug/L, respectively. Calculated assuming that all selenium is present as selenate, a likely overly conservative assumption. (u) - Criterion expressed as a function of total hardness (mg/L). Value displayed corresponds to a default total hardness of 25 mg/L. (v) - Chloride Action Level for Toxic Substances Applicable to NPDES Permits is 230,000 ug/L. (w) - Applicable only to persons with a sodium restrictive diet. (x) - Los Alamos National Laboratory ECORISK Database. http://www.lanl.gov/community-environmentlenvironmental-stewardship/protection/eco-risk-assessment.php (y) - Long, Edward R., and Lee G. Morgan. 1991. The Potential for Biological Effects of Sediment-Sorbed Contaminants Tested in the National Status and Trends Program. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS OMA 52. Used effects range low (ER-L) for chronic and effects range medium (ER-M) for acute. (z) - MacDonald, D.D.; Ingersoll, C.G.; Smorong, D.E.; Lindskoog, R.A.; Sloane, G.; and T. Bernacki. 2003. Development and Evaluation of Numerical Sediment Quality Assessment Guidelines for Florida Inland Waters. Florida Department of Environmental Protection, Tallahassee, FL. Used threshold effect concentration (TEC) for the ESV and probable effect concentration (PEC) for the RSV. (as) - Persaud, D., R. Jaagumagi and A. Hayton. 1993. Guidelines for the protection and management of aquatic sediment quality in Ontario. Ontario Ministry of the Environment. Queen's Printer of Ontario. (bb) - Washington State Sediment Management Standards, Cleanup Objections. http://www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/tcp/smu/sed_standards.htm (cc) - Great Lakes Initiative (GLI) Clearinghouse resources Tier 11 criteria revised 2013. http://www.epa.gov/gliclearinghouse/ (dd) - Suter, G.W., and Tsao, C.L. 1996. Toxicological Benchmarks for Screening Potential Contaminants of Concern for Effects on Aquatic Biota: 1996 Revision. ES/ER/TM-96/R2. http://www.esd.ornl.gov/programs/ecorisk/documents/tmg6r2.pdf (ee) - USEPA. 2015. Interim Ecological Soil Screening Level Documents. http://www2.epa.gov/chemical-research/interim-ecological-soil-screening-level-documents (ff) - Efroymson, R.A., M.E. Will, and G.W. Suter II, 1997a. Toxicological Benchmarks for Contaminants of Potential Concern for Effects on Soil and Litter Invertebrates and Heterotrophic Process: 1997 Revision. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN. ES/ER/TM-126/R2. (Available at http://www.esd.ornl.gov/programs/ecorisk/documents/tml26r2l.pdo (gg) - Efroymson, R.A., M.E. Will, G.W. Suter 11, and A.C. Wooten, 1997b. Toxicological Benchmarks for Screening Contaminants of Potential Concern for Effects on Terrestrial Plants: 1997 Revision. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN. ES/ER/TM-85/R3. (Available at http://www.esd.orni.gov/programs/ecorisk/documents/tm85r3.pdf) (hh) - North Carolina Preliminary Soil Remediation Goals (PSRG) Table. HI = 0.2. September 2015. http://portal.nedenr.org/Gtdocument_library/get_file?uuid=Of601ffa-574d-4479-bbb4-253afO665bf5&groupld=38361 Haley & Aldrich, Inc. 2015-1217-HAI Screening -e Ie Update 1.Al , ALL 1/11/2016 Page 1 of 5 TABLE 4-1 HUMAN HEALTH EXPOSURE PARAMETERS RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES DUKEENERGY Current/Future On -Site Current/Future Off -Site Resident Trespasser Current/Future Off -Site Recreational Swimmer Child (Age <6) Adult Child and Adult (Ages 1.26) Adolescent(6-<16 years) Child (Age <6 ) Adolescent(6-<16 years) Adult Child, Adolescent and Adult (Ages 1 - 26) Parameter Units Standard Parameters Body Weight BW kg 15 USEPA, 80 USEPA, NA 44 USEPA, 2011 15 USEPA, 44 USEPA, 80 USEPA, NA 2014a 2014a [7] 2011 [1] 2011 [1] 2014a Exposure Duration ED years 6 Ages <6 20 Balance of 26 USEPA, 10 Ages 6 - <16 6 Ages <6 10 Ages 6 - <16 10 Balance of 26 Site- 26-yr 2014a 26-yr specific exposure I exposure Non —carcinogenic Averaging Time Atnc days 2190 ED 7300 ED 9490 ED 3650 ED expressed 2190 ED 3650 ED 3650 ED 9490 ED expressed in expressed expressed in days expressed in expressed in expressed in expressed days in days in days days days days in days Carcinogenic Averaging Time Atc days 25550 70 year 25550 70 year 25550 70 year 25550 70 year 25550 70 year 25550 70 year 25550 70 year 25550 70 year lifetime lifetime lifetime lifetime lifetime lifetime lifetime lifetime Incidental Ingestion of Soil Exposure Frequency EF days/year NA NA NA 45 USEPA, NA NA NA NA 2014b Soil Ingestion Rate IR mg/day NA NA NA 100 USEPA, 2011 NA NA NA NA [4] Fraction Ingested FI unitless NA NA NA 1.0 Site -specific NA NA NA NA [6] Age -Adjusted Soil Ingestion Rate IFSadj mg-yr/kg-day NA NA NA 23 NA NA NA NA Age -Adjusted Soil Ingestion Factor- IFSM mg-yr/kg-day 68 Mutagenic Dermal Exposure with Soil Exposed Skin Surface Area SA cm2 NA NA NA 3160 USEPA, 2011 NA NA NA NA [7] Soil Adherence Factor AF rmg/cm' NA NA NA 0.10 USEPA, 2011 NA NA NA NA [s1 Fraction Dermal EV event/day NA NA NA 1.0 Site -specific NA NA NA NA [6] Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor DFSadj mg-yr/kg-day NA NA NA 72 NA NA NA NA Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor- DFSM 215 mg-yr/kg-day Mutagenic Particulate Inhalation Exposure Time ETA hours/day NA NA NA 2 Site -specific NA NA NA NA 2] Incidental Ingestion of Sediment Exposure Frequency EF days/year NA NA NA 45 USEPA, 45 USEPA, 45 USEPA, 45 USEPA, 45 USEPA, 2014b 2014b 2014b 2014b 2014b Sediment Ingestion Rate IR mg/day NA NA NA 10 USEPA, 2011 10 USEPA, 10 USEPA, 5 USEPA, NA [4] 2011 [41 2011 [41 2011 [41 Fraction Ingested FI unitless NA NA NA 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site- [6] [6] [6] [6] specific Age -Adjusted Sediment Ingestion Rate IFSadj mg-yr/kg-day NA NA NA 2 NA NA NA 7 Age -Adjusted Sediment Ingestion Factor- IFSM mg-yr/kg-day NA NA NA 7 NA NA NA 29 Mutagenic Dermal Exposure with Sediment Exposed Skin Surface Area SA am' NA NA NA 3820 USEPA, 2011 6378 USEPA, 13350 USEPA, 20900 USEPA, NA [121 2014a 2011 [11] 2014a Sediment Adherence Factor AF mg/cm' NA NA NA 0.10 USEPA, 2011 0.10 USEPA, 0.10 USEPA, 0.07 USEPA, NA 191 2011 [9] 2011 [9] 2011 [8] Fraction Dermal EV event/day NA NA NA 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site- [6] [6] [6] [6] specific Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor DFSadj mg-yr/kg-day NA NA NA 87 NA NA NA 741 Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor- DFSM NA NA NA 260 NA NA NA 2454 mg-yr/kg-day Mutagenic 1/11/2016 Page 2 of 5 TABLE 4-1 HUMAN HEALTH EXPOSURE PARAMETERS RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES DUKEENERGY Current/Future On -Site Current/Future Off -Site Resident Trespasser Current/Future Off -Site Recreational Swimmer Child and Adult (Ages Adolescent(6-<16 Adolescent(6-<16 Child, Adolescent Child (Age c6) Adult 1.26) years) Child (Age <6 ) years) Adult and Adult (Ages 1 - Parameter Units 26) Incidental Ingestion of Groundwater [17] Exposure Frequency EF days/year NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Water Ingestion Rate IR L/day NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Fraction Ingested FI unilless NA NA NA NA NA I NA NA NA Dermal Exposure with Groundwater Exposure Frequency EF days/year NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Exposed Skin Surface Area SA crri' NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Exposure Time t-event hr/event NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Events per Day EV event/day NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Incidental Ingestion of Surface Water [17] Exposure Frequency EF days/year NA NA NA 45 USEPA, 45 USEPA, 45 USEPA, 45 USEPA, 45 USEPA, 20141, 20141, 1 20141, 20141, 2014b Water Ingestion Rate IR L/day NA NA NA 0.02 USEPA, 0.10 USEPA, 0.10 USEPA, 0.10 USEPA, NA 20141, [13] 20141, [13] 20141, [13] 20141, [13] Fraction Ingested FI unilless NA NA NA 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Sile- 151 151 151 151 specific Age -Adjusted Water Ingestion Rate IFWadj L/kg NA NA NA 0.2 NA NA NA 3.4 Age -Adjusted Water Ingestion Factor- IFWM L/kg NA NA NA 0.6 NA NA NA 13.2 Mutagenic Dermal Exposure with Surface Water Exposure Frequency EF days/year NA NA NA 45 USEPA, 45 USEPA, 45 USEPA, 45 USEPA, 45 USEPA, 20141, 20141, 20141, 20141, 20141, Exposed Skin Surface Area SA crri' NA NA NA 3820 USEPA, 2011 6378 USEPA, 13350 USEPA, 20900 USEPA, NA [121 2014a 2011 [111 2014a Exposure Time t-event hr/event NA NA NA 2 Site -specific 2 Site -specific 2 Site -specific 2 Site -specific 2 151 151 151 151 Events per Day EV event/day NA NA NA 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site- 151 151 151 151 specific Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor DFWadj eventscm'/kg NA NA NA 39068 NA NA NA 368901 Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor- DFWM eventscm'/kg NA NA NA 117205 NA NA NA 1139453 Mutagenic Ingestion of Fish - Subsistence Angler Fish Ingestion Rate IR g/day NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Fraction Ingested FI unilless NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Exposure Frequency EF days/year NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Ingestion of Fish - Recreational Angler Fish Ingestion Rate IR g/day NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Fraction Ingested FI unilless NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Exposure Frequency EF days/year NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1/11/2016 Page 3 of 5 TABLE 4-1 HUMAN HEALTH EXPOSURE PARAMETERS RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES DUKEENERGY Current/Future Off -Site Recreational Wader Current/Future On. Current/Future On - Parameter Units Current/Future Off- Site Recreational Boater Current/Future Off -Site Fisher Site Commercial/ Industrial Worker Site Construction Worker Child (Age <6) Adolescent (6-<16 years) Adult Child, Adolescent and Adult (Ages 1 - 26) Standard Parameters Body Weight BW kg 15 USEPA, 44 USEPA, 80 USEPA, NA 80 USEPA, 80 USEPA, 2014a 80 USEPA, 80 USEPA, 2011[1] 2011[1] 2014a 2014a 2014a 2014a Exposure Duration ED years 6 Ages <6 10 Ages 6 - <16 10 Balance of 26 Site- 10 Balance of 10 Balance of 26-yr 25 USEPA, 1 USEPA, 2002 26-yr specific 26-yr exposure 2014a exposure exposure Non —carcinogenic Averaging Time Atnc days 2190 ED 3650 ED 3650 ED 9490 ED 3650 ED 3650 ED expressed in 9125 ED 365 ED expressed in expressed in expressed in expressed expressed in days expressed in expressed in days days days in days days days days Carcinogenic Averaging Time Atc days 25550 70 year 25550 70 year 25550 70 year 25550 70 year 25550 70 year 25550 70 year lifetime 25550 70 year 25550 70 year lifetime lifetime lifetime lifetime lifetime lifetime lifetime Incidental Ingestion of Soil Exposure Frequency EF days/year NA NA NA NA NA NA 250 USEPA, 60 Site -specific 2014a [16] Soil Ingestion Rate IR mg/day NA NA NA NA NA NA 100 USEPA, 330 USEPA, 2014a 2002 Fraction Ingested FI unitless NA NA NA NA NA NA 1.0 USEPA, 1.0 USEPA, 2002 2014a Age -Adjusted Soil Ingestion Rate IFSadj mg-yr/kg-day NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Age -Adjusted Soil Ingestion Factor- IFSM mg-yr/kg-day Mutagenic Dermal Exposure with Soil Exposed Skin Surface Area SA cm2 NA NA NA NA NA NA 3470 USEPA, 3470 USEPA, 2014a 2014a Soil Adherence Factor AF rng/cm' NA NA NA NA NA NA 0.12 USEPA, 0.3 USEPA, 2002 2014a Fraction Dermal EV event/day NA NA NA NA NA NA 1.0 USEPA, 1.0 USEPA, 2002 2014a Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor DFSadj mg-yr/kg-day NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor- DFSM mg-yr/kg-day Mutagenic Particulate Inhalation Exposure Time ET- hours/day NA NA NA NA NA NA 4 Site -specific 8 USEPA, [141 2014a Incidental Ingestion of Sediment Exposure Frequency days/year 45 USEPA, 45 USEPA, 45 USEPA, 45 USEPA, 45 USEPA, 45 USEPA, 2014b 12 Site -specific NA 2014b 2014b 2014b 2014b 2014b [14] Sediment Ingestion Rate [IFSadj mg/day 10 USEPA, 10 USEPA, 5 USEPA, NA 5 USEPA, 5 USEPA, 2011 5 USEPA, 2011 NA 2011 [4] 2011 [4] 2011 [4] 2011 [4] [4] [4] Fraction Ingested unitless 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site- 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site -specific [6] 1.0 USEPA, NA [6] [6] [6] specific [6] 2014a Age -Adjusted Sediment Ingestion Rate mg-yr/kg-day NA NA NA 7 NA NA NA NA Age -Adjusted Sediment Ingestion Factor- IFSM mg-yr/kg-day NA NA NA 29 NA NA NA NA Mutagenic Dermal Exposure with Sediment Exposed Skin Surface Area SA an' 1770 USEPA, 3820 USEPA, 5790 USEPA, NA 5790 USEPA, 5790 USEPA, 2011 670 USEPA, 2011 NA 2011[121 2011[121 2011[121 2011[121 [121 [151 Sediment Adherence Factor AF mg/cm' 0.10 USEPA, 0.10 USEPA, 0.07 USEPA, NA 0.1 USEPA, 0.1 USEPA, 2011 0.1 USEPA, NA 2011 [9] 1 2011 [9] 1 2011 [8] 2011 [8] 1 181 1 2014a Fraction Dermal EV event/day 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site- 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site -specific [61 1.0 USEPA, NA [6] [6] [6] specific [6] 2014a Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor DFSadj mg-yr/kg-day NA NA NA 208 NA NA NA NA Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor- DFSM NA NA NA 689 NA NA NA NA mg-yr/kg-day Mutagenic 1/11/2016 Page 4 of 5 TABLE 4-1 HUMAN HEALTH EXPOSURE PARAMETERS RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES DUKEENERGY Current/Future Off -Site Recreational Wader Current/Future On. Current/Future On - Current/Future Off- Site Commercial/ Site Construction Child, Adolescent Child (Age <6) Adolescent (6-<16 Adult and Adult (Ages 1 - Site Recreational Current/Future Off -Site Industrial Worker Worker Parameter Units years) 26) Boater Fisher Incidental Ingestion of Groundwater [17] Exposure Frequency EF days/year NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 60 Site -specific 1161 Water Ingestion Rate IR L/day NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 0.004 USEPA, 2011 [101 Fraction Ingested FI unilless NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1.0 Assumption Dermal Exposure with Groundwater Exposure Frequency EF days/year NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 60 Site -specific [16] Exposed Skin Surface Area SA crri' NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 670 USEPA, 2011 1151 Exposure Time t-event hr/event NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1.6 Site -specific 1161 Events per Day EV event/day NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1.0 Assumption Incidental Ingestion of Surface Water [17] Exposure Frequency EF days/year 45 USEPA, 45 USEPA, 45 USEPA, 45 USEPA, NA NA NA NA 20141b 2014b 2014b 2014b Water Ingestion Rate IR L/day 0.10 USEPA, 0.02 USEPA, 0.02 USEPA, NA NA NA NA NA 20141b [13] 20141b [13] 20141b [13] Fraction Ingested FI unilless 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site- NA NA NA NA 151 151 151 specific Age -Adjusted Water Ingestion Rate IFWadj L/kg NA NA NA 2.12 NA NA NA NA Age -Adjusted Water Ingestion Factor- IFWM L/kg NA NA NA 10.33 NA NA NA NA Mutagenic Dermal Exposure with Surface Water Exposure Frequency EF days/year 45 USEPA, 45 USEPA, 45 USEPA, 45 USEPA, 45 USEPA, 45 USEPA, 20141b 12 Site -specific NA 2014b 2014b 2014b 2014b 2014b [14] Exposed Skin Surface Area SA crri' 1770 USEPA, 3820 USEPA, 5790 USEPA, NA 5790 USEPA, 5790 USEPA, 2011 670 USEPA, 2011 NA 2011[121 2011[121 2011[121 2011[121 [121 1151 Exposure Time t-event hr/event 2 Site -specific 2 Site -specific 2 Site -specific 2 2 Site -specific 2 Site -specific [5] 4 Site -specific NA 151 151 151 151 [14] Events per Day EV event/day 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site- 1 Site -specific 1 Site -specific [5] 1.0 Assumption NA 151 151 151 specific 151 Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor DFWadj eventscm'/kg NA NA NA 103497 NA NA NA NA Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor- DFWM eventscm'/kg NA NA NA 319693 NA NA NA NA Mutagenic Ingestion of Fish - Subsistence Angler Fish Ingestion Rate IR g/day NA NA NA NA NA Adult: 170 USEPA, 2000 NA NA 1181 Child: 98 USEPA, 2011 [20] Fraction Ingested FI unilless NA NA NA NA NA 1.0 Site -specific. NA NA Assumes 100 offish is from the Site. Exposure Frequency EF days/year I NA NA NA NA NA 1 365 NA NA Ingestion of Fish - Recreational Angler Fish Ingestion Rate IR g/day NA NA NA NA NA Adult: 17.5 USEPA, 2000 NA NA 1191 Adolescent: USEPA, 2011 7.6 [211 Fraction Ingested FI unilless NA NA NA NA NA 1.0 Site -specific. NA NA Assumes 100 offish is from the Site. Exposure Frequency JEF days/year I NA I NA I NA I NA I NA 1 365 1 NA I NA 1/11/2016 Page 5 of 5 TABLE 4-1 HUMAN HEALTH EXPOSURE PARAMETERS RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES DUKEENERGY Notes and Abbreviations USEPA, 2000. Guidance for Assessing Chemical Contaminant Data for Use in Fish Advisories. Volume 1, Fish Sampling and Analysis, Third Edition. EPA 823-B-00-007. USEPA Office of Water. 2000. USEPA, 2002 - Supplemental Guidance for Developing Soil Screening Levels for Superfund Sites. OWSWER 9355.4-24 USEPA, 2011 - Exposure Factors Handbook. USEPA/600/R-10/030. October, 2011. USEPA, 2014a - Human Health Evaluation Manual, Supplemental Guidance: Update of Standard Default Exposure Factors. OSWER 9200.1-120. February 6, 201. USEPA, 20141, - Region 4 Human Health Risk Assessment Supplemental Guidance. January 2014. Draft Final. [1] - Table 8-1 of USEPA (2011). [2] - Assumes 2 hours per day. [3] - One -tenth of the value for swimming (49 ml/hour; Table 3-5 of USEPA (2011)) used to approximate incidental ingestion during wading in washes during storm water events. [4] - Table 5-1 of USEPA (2011), recommended value for soil plus dust. For sediment, these values are adjusted by a factor of 0.1 to account for the lower sediment exposure potential. [5] - Assumes 2 hours per event and that on days when play in water occurs, all daily exposure to water is derived from locations at the Site. [6] - Assumes that on days when visitation to the Site occurs , all daily exposure to soil is derived from locations at the Site. [7] - Based on surface area of face, hands, forearms, lower legs. [8] - Based on weighted skin adherence factor for'sports-oudoom'. [9] - Based on weighted skin adherence factor for'activities with soil'. [10] - One -tenth of the value for swimming (21 ml/hour; Table 3-5 of USEPA (2011)) used to approximate incidental ingestion during wading. [11] - Based on weighted average of mean values for 6- 16 years. [12] - Based on surface area of hands, forearms, lower legs, and feet. [13] - Ingestion of 50 milliliter per hour (.1/hour) of surface water should be used for exposures to water during swimming. Intake rates for exposure to surface water during wading should be 50 ml/hour for children 1-6 and 10 ml/hour for adolescents and adults. The water ingestion rate in liters/day is calculated as follows: ingestion (ml/hr) x exposure time (hr/event)/1000 (ml/1). [14] - Assumes contact with surface water and sediment in a seep area and/or on -site tributary one day per month for half a day (4 hours). [15] - Based on surface area of hands and forearms. [16] - Assumes that excvation work occurs a total of 12 work -weeks over the duration of a one year construction project and that contact with groundwater in a trench occurs for a portion of each excavation work -day. [17] - Drinking water will be evaluated by comparison of groundwater and surface water data to drinking water criteria. [18] - Value is the 95th percentile for Native American subsistence fishers (USEPA, 2000). [19] - Value is the 95th percentile for recreational fishers (USEPA, 2000). [20] - Value is the 95th percentile for Native American subsistence fishers ages 0 - 5 from same source used to derive 95th percentile for adult Native American subsistence fishers (EFH, Table 10-6). [21] - Value is the average of mean ingestion rates for children of consuming recreational anglers ages 6 - 20 (EFH, Table 10-5). Values are based on time -weighted average of child, adolescent, and adult exposure values, calculated as follows: Soil EF = (child EF x child ED) + (adolescent EF x adolescent ED)+ (adult EF x adult ED) / total scenario ED IFSadj = (child ED x child IR / child BW)+ (adolescent ED x adolescent IR / adolescent BW) + (adult ED x adult IR / adult BW) DFSadj = (child ED x child SA x child AF / child BW)+ (adolescdent ED x adolescent SA x adolescent AF / adolescent BW) + (adult ED x adult SA x adult AF / adult BW) ET = (child ET x child ED) + (adolescent ET x adolescent ED)+ (adult ET x adult ED) / total scenario ED Soil - mutagenic IFSM = (child ED [0-2] x child IR [0-2] x ADAF [0-2] / child BW [0-2]) + (child ED [2-6] x child IR [2-6] x ADAF [2-6] / child BW [2-6])+ (older child ED [6-16] x older child IR [6-16] x ADAF [6-16] / older child BW [6-16])+ (adult ED x adult IR x adult ADAF / adult BW) DFSM = (child ED [0-2] x child SA [0-2] x child AF [0-2] x ADAF [0-2] / child BW [0-2]) + (child ED [2-6] x child SA [2-6] x child AF [2-6] x ADAF [2-6] / child BW [2-6]) + (older child ED [6-16] x older child SA [6-16] x older child AF [6-16] x ADAF [6-16] / older child BW [6-16]) + (adult ED x adult SA x adult AF x adult ADAF / adu INHF = [(child ET [0-2] x child EF [0-2] x child ED [0-2] x ADAF [0-2]) + (child ET [2-6] x child EF [2-6] x child ED [2-6] x ADAF [2-6]) + (older child ET [6-16] x older child EF [6-16] x older child ED [6-16] x ADAF [6-16]) + (adult ET x adult EF x adult ED x adult ADAF)] Water IFWadj = (child ED [0-2] x child EF [0-2] x child IR [0-2] / child BW [0-2]) + (child ED [2-6] x child EF [2-6] x child IR [2-6] / child BW [2-6])+ (older child ED [6-16] x older child EF [6-16] x older child IR [6-16] / older child BW [6-16]) + (adult ED x adult EF x adult IR / adult BW) DFWadj = (child EF [0-2] x child ED [0-2] x child SA [0-2] x child EV [0-2] / child BW [0-2]) + (child EF [2-6] x child ED [2-6] x child SA [2-6] x child EV [2-6] / child BW [2-6]) + (older child EF [6-16] x older child ED [6-16] x older child SA [6-16] x older child EV [6-16] / alder child BW [6-16])+ (adult EF x adult ED x adult SA x a Water - mutagenic IFWM = (child ED [0-2] x child EF [0-2] x child IR [0-2] x ADAF [0-2] / child BW [0-2]) + (child ED [2-6] x child EF [2-6] x child IR [2-6] x ADAF [2-6] / child BW [2-6]) + (older child ED [6-16] x child EF [6-16] x older child IR [6-16] x ADAF [6-16] / older child BW [6-16]) + (adult ED x adult EF x adult IR x adult ADAF / adult BW) DFWM = (child EF [0-2] x child ED [0-2] x child SA [0-2] x child EV [0-2] x ADAF [0-2] / child BW [0-2])+ (child EF [2-6] x child ED [2-6] x child SA [2-6] x child EV [2-6] x ADAF [2-6] / child BW [2-6]) + (older child EF [6-16] x older child ED [6-16] x older child SA [6-16] x older child EV [6-16] x ADAF [6-16] / older child BW [6-1E (adult EF x adult ED x adult SA x adult EV x adult ADAF / adult BW) USEPA guidance for early life exposure to carcinogens (USEPA, 2005) requires that risks for potentially carcinogenic constituents that are presumed to act by a mutagenic mode of action be calculated differently than for constituents that do not act via a mutagenic mode of action. Therefore, the age -dependent adjustment factors (ADAF) will be applied for calculations involving children under the age of 16. The ADAFs are as follows: Age 0 to 2 years (2 year interval from birth until 2nd birthday)—ADAF = 10 Ages 2 to 16 years (14 year interval from 2nd birthday to 16th birthday)—ADAF = 3 Ages 16 and up (after 16th birthday) — no adjustment - ADAF = 1 1/11/2016 TABLE 4-2 HUMAN HEALTH TOXICITY VALUES - CANCER AND INHALATiON NON -CANCER RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES DUKE ENERGY Constituent CAS Chronic Inhalation Reference Concentration RfC-i mg/m3 REF Subchronic Inhalation Reference Concentration RfC-i mg/m3 REF Oral Cancer Slope Factor CSF-o 1/(mg/kg/day) REF Dermal Cancer Slope Factor CSF-d 1/(mg/kg/day) REF Inhalation Unit Risk IUR 1/(Ng/m3) REF Mutagen Metals Aluminum 7429-90-5 5.0E-03 P 5.0E-03 Cr N Antimony 7440-36-0 N Arsenic 7440-38-2 1.5E-05 C 1.5E-05 Cr 1.5E+00 I 1.5E+00 I 4.3E-03 I N Barium 7440-39-3 5.0E-04 H 5.0E-03 H N Beryllium 7440-41-7 2.0E-05 I 2.0E-05 H 2.4E-03 I N Boron 7440-42-8 2.0E-02 H 2.0E-02 H N Cadmium 7440-43-9 2.0E-05 C 2.0E-05 Cr 1.8E-03 I N Calcium 7440-70-2 N Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 N Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 1.0E-04 I 3.0E-04 A 8.4E-02 I N Chromium VI (hexavalent) (a) 18540-29-9 1.0E-04 I 3.0E-04 A 5.0E-01 J 8.4E-02 I Y Chromium III 16065-83-1 N Cobalt 7440-48-4 6.0E-06 P 2.0E-05 P 9.0E-03 P N Copper 7440-50-8 N Iron 7439-89-6 N Lead 7439-92-1 N Magnesium 7439-95-4 N Manganese (b) 7439-96-5 5.0E-05 I 5.0E-05 Cr N Mercury 7439-97-6 3.0E-04 I 3.0E-04 H N Molybdenum 7439-98-7 N Nickel 7440-02-0 9.0E-05 A 2.0E-04 A 2.4E-04 I N Potassium 7440-09-7 N Selenium 7782-49-2 2.0E-02 C 2.0E-02 Cr N Sodium 7440-23-5 N Strontium 7440-24-6 N Thallium 7440-28-0 N Titanium 7440-32-6 1.0E-04 A N Vanadium 7440-62-2 1.0E-04 A 1.0E-04 A N Zinc 7440-66-6 N General Chemistry Alkalinity ALK N Bicarbonate Alkalinity ALKBICARB N Carbonate Alkalinity ALKCARB N Chloride 7647-14-5 N Methane 74-82-8 N Nitrate 14797-55-8 N pH PH N Sulfate 7757-82-6 N Sulfide 18496-25-8 N Total Dissolved Solids TDS N Total Organic Carbon TOC N Total Suspended Solids TSS N Notes: A - Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) Minimum Risk Level (MRL) C - California Environmental Protection Agency. CAMA - Coal Ash Management Act 2014, North Carolina Session Law 2014-122. Page 1 of 5 Haley & Aldrich, Inc. G:\42058_Duke\002\Work Plan\Tables\Tables for External Consultants\2016-0104-HAI-Toxicity Factors.xlsx, Inhalation and Cancer 1/11/2016 TABLE 4-2 HUMAN HEALTH TOXICITY VALUES - CANCER AND INHALATiON NON -CANCER RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES DUKE ENERGY Chronic Subchronic Inhalation Inhalation Reference Reference Oral Dermal Concentration Concentration Cancer Slope Cancer Slope Inhalation RfC-i RfC-i Factor Factor Unit Risk CSF-o CSF-d IUR Constituent CAS mg/m3 REF mg/m3 REF 1/(mg/kg/day) REF 1/(mg/kg/day) REF 1/(Ng/m3) REF Mutagen CAS - Chemical Abstracts Service Cr - Chronic value. EN - Essential Nutrient. I - Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS). H - Health Effects Assessment Summary Tables (HEAST). J - New Jersey; as provided on the USEPA RSL table. mg/kg-day - Milligrams per kilograms body weigl Page 2 of 5 Haley & Aldrich, Inc. G:\42058_Duke\002\Work Plan\Tables\Tables for External Consultants\2016-0104-HAI-Toxicity Factors.xlsx, Inhalation and Cancer 1/11/2016 TABLE 4-3 HUMAN HEALTH ORAL NONCANCER TOXICITY VALUES RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES DUKE ENERGY Page 3 of 5 Constituent CAS Chronic Oral Reference Dose RfD-o i (mg/kg-day) REF Chronic Dermal Reference Dose RfD-d (mg/kg-day) REF USEPA Confidence Level Combined Uncertainty/ Modifying Factors Primary Target Critical Endpoint Subchronic Oral Reference Dose RfD-o (mg/kg-day) REF Subchronic Dermal Reference Dose RfD-d (mg/kg-day) REF USEPA Confidence Level Combined Uncertainty/ Modifying Factors Primary Target Critical Endpoint Metals Aluminum 7429-90-5 1.0E+00 P 1.0E+00 P Low 100 Neurological Neurological Toxicity 1.0E+00 A 1.0E+00 A NA 30 Neurological Neurological Toxicity Antimony 7440-36-0 4.0E-04 I 6.0E-05 I Low 1000 Mortality, Blood Longevity, blood glucose, and cholesterol 4.0E-04 P 6.0E-05 P Low 1000 Mortality, Blood Longevity, blood glucose, and cholesterol Hyperpigmentation, keratosis and possible Hyperpigmentation, keratosis and possible Arsenic 7440-38-2 3.0E-04 I 3.0E-04 I Medium 3 Skin, Vascular vascular complications 3.0E-04 Cr 3.0E-04 Cr Medium 3 Skin, Vascular vascular complications Barium 7440-39-3 2.0E-01 I 1.4E-02 I Medium 300 Kidney Nephropathy 2.0E-01 A 1.4E-02 A Medium 300 Kidney Nephropathy Beryllium 7440-41-7 2.0E-03 I 1.4E-05 I Low/Medium 300 Gastrointestinal Small intestinal lesions 5.0E-03 H 5.0E-03 H Low/Medium 300 Gastrointestinal Small intestinal lesions Boron 7440-42-8 2.0E-01 I 2.0E-01 I High 66 Developmental Decreased fetal weight (developmental) 2.0E-01 A 2.0E-01 A High 66 Developmental Decreased fetal weight (developmental) Cadmium 7440-43-9 1.0E-03 I 2.5E-05 I High 10 Kidney Significant proteinuria 1.0E-03 Cr 2.5E-05 Cr High 10 Kidney Significant proteinuria Calcium 7440-70-2 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 1.5E+00 I 2.0E-02 I Low 100 No effects observed No effects observed 1.5E+00 H 2.0E-02 H Low 100 No effects observed No effects observed Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 3.0E-03 I 7.5E-05 I Low 900 None reported None reported 5.0E-03 A 1.3E-04 A NA 100 Blood Microcytic, hypochromic anemia Chromium VI (hexavalent) (a) 18540-29-9 3.0E-03 I 7.5E-05 I Low 900 None reported None reported 5.0E-03 A 1.3E-04 A NA 100 Blood Microcytic, hypochromic anemia Chromium III 16065-83-1 1.5E+00 I 2.0E-02 I Low 100 None No effects observed 1.5E+00 H 2.0E-02 H Low 100 None No effects observed Cobalt 7440-48-4 3.0E-04 P 3.0E-04 P Low/Medium 3000 Thyroid Decreased iodine uptake 3.0E-03 P 3.0E-03 P Low/Medium 300 Thyroid Decreased iodine uptake Copper 7440-50-8 4.0E-02 H 4.0E-02 H NA NA Gastrointestinal Gastrointestinal system irritation 4.0E-02 Cr 4.0E-02 Cr NA NA Gastrointestinal Gastrointestinal system irritation Iron 7439-89-6 7.0E-01 P 7.0E-01 P NA NA Gastrointestinal Gastrointestinal toxicity 7.0E-01 P 7.0E-01 P NA NA Gastrointestinal Gastrointestinal toxicity Lead 7439-92-1 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Magnesium 7439-95-4 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA CNS Effects (Other Effect: Impairment of CNS Effects (Other Effect: Impairment of Manganese (b) 7439-96-5 1.4E-01 I 5.6E-03 I Medium 3 Neurological Neurobehavioral Function) 1.4E-01 H 5.6E-03 H Medium 3 Neurological Neurobehavioral Function) Mercury 7439-97-6 3.0E-04 1 2.1E-05 I High 1000 Immune Autoimmune 2.0E-03 A 1.4E-04 A NA 100 Kidney Renal effects Molybdenum 7439-98-7 5.0E-03 I 5.0E-03 I Medium 30 Urinary Increased uric acid levels 5.0E-03 H 5.0E-03 H Medium 30 Urinary Increased uric acid levels Nickel 7440-02-0 2.0E-02 I 8.0E-04 I Medium 300 General Decreased body and organ weights 2.0E-02 H 8.0E-04 H Medium 300 Decreased body and organ weights Potassium 7440-09-7 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Selenium 7782-49-2 5.0E-03 I 5.0E-03 I High 3 Skin, Nails, Hair,B Clinical selenosis 5.0E-03 H 5.0E-03 H High 3 Skin, Nails, Hair,B Clinical selenosis Sodium 7440-23-5 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Strontium 7440-24-6 6.0E-01 I 6.0E-01 I Medium 300 Musculoskeletal Rachitic bone 2.0E+00 A 2.0E+00 A NA 90 Musculoskeletal Skeletal toxicity Thallium 7440-28-0 1.0E-05 X 1.0E-05 X 3000 Hair Hair follicle atrophy 1.0E-05 X 1.0E-05 X 3000 Hair Hair follicle atrophy Titanium 7440-32-6 NA NA NA NA NA NA Hematological alterations and blood Vanadium 7440-62-2 5.0E-03 I 1.3E-04 I Low 100 Hair Decreased hair cystine 1.0E-02 A 1.0E-02 A NA 10 Blood pressure Decreases in erythrocyte Cu, Zn-superoxide Decreases in erythrocyte Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase (ESOD) activity in dismutase (ESOD) activity in Zinc 7440-66-6 3.0E-01 I 3.0E-01 I Medium/High 3 Blood healthy adult male and female volunteers 3.0E-01 A 3.0E-01 A NA 3 Blood healthy adult male and female volunteers General Chemistry Alkalinity ALK NA NA NA NA NA NA Bicarbonate Alkalinity ALKBICARB NA NA NA NA NA NA Carbonate Alkalinity ALKCARB NA NA NA NA NA NA Chloride 7647-14-5 NA NA NA NA NA NA Methane 74-82-8 NA NA NA NA NA NA Early clinical signs of methemoglobinemia in Early clinical signs of methemoglobinemia in excess of 10% (0-3 months old infants excess of 10% (0-3 months old infants Nitrate 14797-55-8 1.6E+00 I 1.6E+00 I High 1 Blood formula) 1.6E+00 Cr 1.6E+00 Cr High 1 Blood formula) pH PH NA NA NA NA NA NA Sulfate 7757-82-6 NA NA NA NA NA NA Sulfide 18496-25-8 NA NA NA NA NA NA Total Dissolved Solids TDS NA NA NA NA NA NA Total Organic Carbon TOC NA NA NA NA NA NA Total Suspended Solids TSS NA NA NA NA NA NA Haley & Aldrich, Inc. G:\42058_Duke\002\Work Plan\Tables\Tables for External Consultants\2016-0104-HAI-Toxicity Factors.xlsx, Chronic Subch Oral Derm NC 1/11/2016 TABLE 4-3 HUMAN HEALTH ORAL NONCANCER TOXICITY VALUES RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES DUKE ENERGY Page 4 of 5 Subchronic Chronic Oral Chronic Dermal Subchronic Oral Dermal Reference Dose Reference Dose Combined Reference Dose Reference Dose Combined RfD-o RfD-d USEPA Uncertainty/ RfD-o RfD-d USEPA Uncertainty/ Confidence Modifying Confidence Modifying Constituent CAS (mg/kg-day) REF (mg/kg-day) REF Level Factors Primary Target Critical Endpoint (mg/kg-day) REF (mg/kg-day) REF Level Factors Primary Target Critical Endpoint Notes: A - Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) Minimum Risk Level (MRL) C - California Environmental Protection Agency. CAMA - Coal Ash Management Act 2014, North Carolina Session Law 2014-122. CAS - Chemical Abstracts Service Cr - Chronic value. EN - Essential Nutrient. I - Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS). H - Health Effects Assessment Summary Tables (HEAST). J - New Jersey; as provided on the USEPA RSL table. mg/kg-day - Milligrams per kilograms body weight per day. mg/m3 - Milligrams per cubic meter. N - No. P - Provisional Peer Reviewed Toxicity Value (PPRTV). REF - Reference. RSL - Risk -based Screening Level. ug/m3 - Micrograms per cubic Meter. USEPA - US Environmental Protection Agency. X - Provisional Peer Reviewed Toxicity Value (PPRTV) Appendix. Y - Yes. (a) - The basis of the draft oral cancer toxicity value used in the calculation of the RSL has been questioned by USEPA's Science Advisory Board. (b) - RfD for food used because manganese is expected to be present in a less bioavailable form in environmental media, particularly given the presence of iron which will reduce manganese absorption. Haley & Aldrich, Inc. G:\42055_Duke\002\Work Plan\Tables\Tables for External Consultants\2016-0104-HAI-Toxicity Factors.xlsx, Chronic Subch Oral Derm NC 1 /11 /2016 Page 5 of 5 TABLE 4-4 DERMAL ABSORPTION FACTORS AND DERMAL PERMEABILITY CONSTANT; RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES DUKE ENERGY Constituent CAS Dermal Absorption Fraction (ABSd) (unitless) Dermal Permeability Constant (Kp) (cm/hr) (b) Metals Aluminum 7429-90-5 1.0E-03 Antimony 7440-36-0 1.0E-03 Arsenic 7440-38-2 0.03 1.0E-03 Barium 7440-39-3 1.0E-03 Beryllium 7440-41-7 1.0E-03 Boron 7440-42-8 1.0E-03 Cadmium 7440-43-9 0.001 1.0E-03 Calcium 7440-70-2 1.0E-03 Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 1.0E-03 Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 0.1 2.0E-03 Chromium III 16065-83-1 1.0E-03 Cobalt 7440-48-4 4.0E-04 Copper 7440-50-8 1.0E-03 Iron 7439-89-6 1.0E-03 Lead 7439-92-1 1.0E-04 Magnesium 7439-95-4 1.0E-03 Manganese 7439-96-5 1.0E-03 Mercury 7439-97-6 1.0E-03 Molybdenum 7439-98-7 1.0E-03 Nickel 7440-02-0 2.0E-04 Potassium 7440-09-7 2.0E-04 Selenium 7782-49-2 1.0E-03 Sodium 7440-23-5 6.0E-04 Strontium 7440-24-6 1.0E-03 Thallium 7440-28-0 1.0E-03 Titanium 7440-32-6 1.0E-03 Vanadium 7440-62-2 1.0E-03 Zinc 7440-66-6 6.0E-04 General Chemistry Alkalinity ALK NA Bicarbonate Alkalinity ALKBICARB NA Carbonate Alkalinity ALKCARB NA Chloride 7647-14-5 NA Methane 74-82-8 NA Nitrate 14797-55-8 1.0E-03 pH PH NA Sulfate 7757-82-6 NA Sulfide 18496-25-8 NA Total Dissolved Solids TDS NA Total Organic Carbon TOG NA Total Suspended Solids TSS NA Notes: ABS - absorption factor. CAMA - Coal Ash Management Act 2014. (a) - USEPA, 2004. Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund. Volume 1, Part E, Supplemental Guidance for Dermal Risk Assessment. Exhibit 4-1. Where USEPA, 2004 does not recommend adjustments, no value is listed. (b) - USEPA, 2004. Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund. Volume 1, Part E, Supplemental Guidance for Dermal Haley & Aldrich, Inc. G:\42058_Duke\002\Work Plan\Tables\Tables for External Consultants\2016-0104-HAI-Toxicity Factors.xlsx, Dermal values (2) 1 /11 /2016 TABLE 4-5 WATER TO FISH BIOCONCENTRATION FACTORS (BCFs) USED IN THE FOOD CHAIN MODEL' RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES DUKE ENERGY Analyte Chemical Abstract Number Bioconcentration Factor Reference Aluminum 7429-90-5 2.7 USEPA, 1999 Antimony 7440-36-0 40 USEPA, 1999 Arsenic 7440-38-2 114 USEPA, 1999 Barium 7440-39-3 633 USEPA, 1999 Beryllium 7440-41-7 62 USEPA, 1999 Boron 7440-42-8 0.3 WHO, 1998 Cadmium 7440-43-9 907 USEPA, 1999 Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 19 USEPA, 1999 Cobalt 7440-48-4 400 IAEA, 2012 Copper 7440-50-8 710 USEPA, 1999 Cyanide 57-12-5 633 USEPA, 1999 Lead 7439-92-1 0.1 USEPA, 1999 Lithium 7439-93-2 1 NCRP, 1996 Manganese 7439-96-5 2.4 IAEA, 2012 Mercury 7439-97-6 4500 IAEA, 2012 Nickel 7440-02-0 71 USEPA, 1999 Selenium 7782-49-2 1000 OEHHA, 2010 Silver 7440-22-4 87.7 USEPA, 1999 Strontium 7440-24-6 30 USNRC, 1977 Thallium 7440-28-0 190 USEPA, 1999 Uranium 7440-61-1 2.4 IAEA, 2012 Vanadium 7440-62-2 290 IAEA, 2012 Zinc 7440-66-6 2059 USEPA, 1999 'The values are typically the maximum value cited in the Reference. If the maximum value was not chosen (based on professional judgment), the value generally falls within the range cited in the scientific literature. Page 1 of 1 Table 5-1 Exposure Parameters for Selected Ecological Receptors Baseline Ecological Risk Assessment Duke Energy (a) Receptor Body Weight Food Ingestion Rate g Water Intake Dietary Composition Home Range g Area Use(`) Factor Seasonal(d) Use Factor Plants Animal Soil Algorithm ID BW IRF IRW PF AF SF HR AUF SUF Units kg kg/kg BW/day L/kg BW/day % % % hectares % % HERBIVORE Meadow Vole 0.033 0.33 0.330 100% 0.0% 2.4% 0.027 100% 100% Muskrat 1.17 0.30 0.980 95% 5% 2.0% 0.13 100% 100% OMNIVORE Mallard Duck 1.16 0.60 0.057 90% 10% 3.3% 435 100% 100% American Robin 0.08 1.20 0.140 50% 50% 5.0% 0.25 100% 100% CARNIVORE Red -Tailed Hawk 1.06 0.18 0.058 0% 100% 0% 876 100% 100% Red Fox 4.54 0.10 0.085 4.6% 95% 2.8% 504 100% 100% PISCIVORE River Otter 7.36 0.19 0.081 0% 100% 0% 348 100% T 100% Great Blue Heron 2.34 0.18 0.045 0% 100% 0% 0.6 100% 1 100% BW, body weight; IRF, Ingestion Rate (food); IRW, Ingestion Rate (water); PF, Fraction Plants; AF, Fraction Animal; SF, Fraction Soil/Sediment; HR, Home Range; AUF, Area Use Factor; SUF, Seasonal Use Factor (a)Most values cited were obtained from USEPA's Wildlife Exposure Factors Handbook (1993). Missing values were obtained from U.S. Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine (2004) or USEPA's Hazardouse Waste Identification Rule document (USEPA, 1999). (b)The amount of soil that is inadvertantly ingested during feeding is expressed a the percentage (by weight) of the total diet (Beyer, 1994). (c)The Area Use Factor is the receptors foraging area at the Site divided by the animals total home range area (sometimes called foraging range). These factors change with each receptor and operable unit, and are typically always unity (1) for small mammals and birds with small territories. (d)Seasonal Use Factor (SUF) calculated by dividing residence time at the site (months) by 12 months/year. Haley & Aldrich, Inc. G:\42058—Duke\002\Work Plan\Tables\2016-0105-HAI-BERA Risk Calcs-D3.xlsx 1/5/2016 Page 1 of 1 TABLE 5-2 AVIAN ECOLOGICAL TOXICITY REFERENCE VALUES (TRVs) DUKE ENERGY Constituent CAS Avian TRVs NOAEL (mg/kg/d) LOAEL (mg/kg/d) Basis Value Ref. Basis Value Ref. Aluminum 7429-90-5 Ringed Dove 110 [a, b] Ringed Dove 1100 [b] Antimony 7440-36-0 NA NA Arsenic 7440-38-2 Mallard Duck 9.3 a Mallard Duck 40.3 a Barium 7440-39-3 Chick (1 -day old 20.8 a, c Chick (1 -day old 41.7 a, c Beryllium 7440-41-7 NA NA Boron 7440-42-8 Mallard Duck 28.8 a, d Mallard Duck 100 a, d Cadmium 7440-43-9 Multiple Species 1.47 a Chicken 2.37 a Calcium 7440-70-2 EN EN Chromium Total 7440-47-3 Black Duck 1 [dj Black Duck 5 d Chromium, Hexavalent 18540-29-9 NA NA Chromium, Trivalent 16065-83-1 Chicken 2.66 a] Black Duck 2.78 a Cobalt 7440-48-4 Multiple Species 7.61 a] Chicken 7.8 a Copper 7440-50-8 Chicken 4.05 [a] Chicken 12..1 a Iron 7439-89-6 EN EN Lead 7439-92-1 Chicken 1.63 a] Chicken 3.26 a Magnesium 7439-95-4 EN EN Manganese 7439-96-5 Multiple Species 179 a Chicken 348 a Mercury 7439-97-6 Mallard Duck 0.068 a Mallard Duck 0.37 a Molybdenum 7439-98-7 Chicken 3.53 a, a Chicken 35.3 a, e Nickel 7440-02-0 Multiple S ecies 6.71 a Chicken 11.5 a Potassium 7440-09-7 EN EN Selenium 7782-49-2 Chicken 0.29 a Chicken 0.579 a Sodium 7440-23-5 EN EN Strontium 7440-24-6 NA NA Thallium 7440-28-0 NA NA Titanium 7440-32-6 NA NA Vanadium 7440-62-2 Chicken 0.344 a Chicken 0.688 a Zinc 7440-66-6 Multiple Species 66.1 a Chicken 66.5 a Nitrate 14797-55-8 Notes: CAS - Chemical Abstracts Service. EN - Essential Nutrient. LOAEL - Lowest Observable Adverse Effects Level. mg/kg/d - milligram per kilogram body weight per day. NA - Not Available. NOAEL - No Observed Adverse Effects Level. TRVs - Toxicity Reference Values. [a] CH2M Hill. 2014. Tier 2 Risk -Based Soil Concentrations Protective of Ecological Receptors at the Hanford Site. CHPRC-01311. Revision 2. July. http://pdw.hanford.gov/arpir/pdf.cfm?accession=0088115 [b] Sample et al. 1996. LOAEL derived from NOAEL. [c] Sample et al. 1996. NOAEL and LOAEL derived from subchronic NOAEL and LOAEL, respectively. [d] Sample et al. 1996. [e] Sample et al. 1996. NOAEL derived from LOAEL. Haley & Aldrich, Inc. 2015-1116-HAI TRVs.xlsx, Avian 11/25/2015 Page 1 of 1 TABLE 5-3 MAMMAL ECOLOGICAL TOXICITY REFERENCE VALUES (TRVs) DUKE ENERGY Constituent CAS Mammalian TRVs NOAEL (mg/kg/d) LOAEL (mg/kg/d) Basis Value Ref. Basis Value Ref. Aluminum 7429-90-5 Mouse 1.93 [a, d] Mouse Rat 19.3 0.59 [a, d] [a] Antimony 7440-36-0 Rat 0.059 a] Arsenic 7440-38-2 Dog 1.04 a] Dog 1.66 [a] Barium 7440-39-3 Rat 45 [a] Rat 75 [a] Beryllium 7440-41-7 Rat 0.532 a] Rat 6.6 [b] Boron 7440-42-8 Rat 28 a, c Rat 93.6 a, c] Cadmium 7440-43-9 Rat 1 a, cl Rat 10 a, c Calcium 7440-70-2 EN EN Chromium Total 7440-47-3 Rat 2740 b Rat 27400 b Chromium, Hexavalent 18540-29-9 Multiple Species 9.24 a Rat 40.0 a Chromium, Trivalent 16065-83-1 Multiple Species 2.4 a Mouse 9.625 a Cobalt 7440-48-4 Multiple Species 7.33 a Rat 10.9 a Copper 7440-50-8 Pig 5.6 a Pig 9.34 a Iron 7439-89-6 EN EN Lead 7439-92-1 Rat 4.7 a Rat 8.9 a Magnesium 7439-95-4 Manganese 7439-96-5 Multiple Species 51.5 a Rat 71 a Mercury 7439-97-6 Rat 0.032 a Rat 0.16 a Molybdenum 7439-98-7 Mouse 0.26 a, d Mouse 2.6 a, d Nickel 7440-02-0 Mouse 1.7 a Mouse 3.4 a Potassium 7440-09-7 EN EN Selenium 7782-49-2 Pig 0.143 a Pig 0.215 a Sodium 7440-23-5 EN EN Strontium 7440-24-6 Rat 263 a, b Rat 2630 b Thallium 7440-28-0 Rat 0.015 a Rat 0.075 a Titanium 7440-32-6 NA NA Vanadium 7440-62-2 Mouse 4.16 a Mouse 8.31 a Zinc 7440-66-6 Multiple Species 75.4 a Multiple Species 75.9 a Nitrate 14797-55-8 Guinea Pi 507 c Guinea Pi 1130 c Notes: CAS - Chemical Abstracts Service. EN - Essential Nutrient. LOAEL - Lowest Observable Adverse Effects Level. mg/kg/d - milligram per kilogram body weight per day. NA - Not Available. NOAEL - No Observed Adverse Effects Level. TRVs - Toxicity Reference Values. [a] CH2M Hill. 2014. Tier 2 Risk -Based Soil Concentrations Protective of Ecological Receptors at the Hanford Site. CHPRC-01311. Revision 2. July. hftp://pdw.hanford.gov/arpir/pdf.cfm?accession=0088115 [b] Sample et al. 1996. LOAEL derived from NOAEL. [c] Sample et al. 1996. [d] Sample et al. 1996. NOAEL derived from LOAEL. Haley & Aldrich, Inc. 2015-1116-HAI TRVs.xlsx, Mammal 11/25/2015 Human Health Site -Specific Risk Based Concentrations (RBCs) Site -specific risk based concentrations (RBCs) are risk -based screening levels that are refined to account for the receptor population characteristics and exposure pathways applicable to each of the receiving media identified in the conceptual site model (CSM). As such, the site -specific RBCs are less conservative, i.e., more realistic, than screening levels and are, therefore, useful for evaluating whether constituents of potential concern (COPCs) may have the potential to pose health risks above risk thresholds. For example, whereas surface water that is used as a recreational water body for swimming is screened for COPCs using drinking water standards which assume that people are drinking and bathing in the water daily, site -specific RBCs for surface water developed here reflect incidental ingestion and dermal contact at an exposure rate and magnitude commensurate with swimming activities. This appendix provides documentation of the derivation of RBCs. Section 1 describes the exposure scenarios that are used to develop the RBCs, Section 2 documents the toxicity values and other chemical -specific inputs that are used to derive RBCs, and Section 3 provides the equations that are used to derive the RBCs. RBCs for each exposure scenario, for each exposure medium are presented in tables that accompany Section 4 of this appendix. 1. Human Health Exposure Scenarios Exposure scenarios are used to quantitatively describe the COPC exposures that could theoretically occur for each land use and exposure pathway evaluated. In 'forward' risk calculations that derive estimates of cancer and non -cancer risk, the exposure scenarios are used in conjunction with exposure point concentrations (EPCs) to derive quantitative estimates of COPC intake or exposure. In the derivation of RBCs, the exposure scenarios are used in combination with target risks to derive COPC concentrations that are protective for the exposure scenario at the target risk levels. The ultimate goal of developing exposure scenarios, as defined in U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) guidance, is to identify the combination of exposure parameters that results in the most intense level of exposure that may "reasonably" be expected to occur under the current and future site conditions (USEPA, 1989). As such, a single exposure scenario is often selected to provide a conservative evaluation for the range of possible receptors and populations that could be exposed under a given land use. Exposure scenarios use numerical parameters that include ingestion rates, dermal contact areas, body weights, exposure times, exposure frequencies, and exposure durations. The specific numerical values for each of these parameters are selected in consideration of the receptor activities and ages that the exposure scenarios are modeling, and are generally selected as the upper - end (generally 951" percentile) values for each quantitative parameter. Using receptor scenarios that are protective for all potentially exposed populations associated with a given land use, with numerical parameters that are generally based on the upper -end distributions, result in reasonable maximum exposure (RME) scenarios. 1.1 EXPOSURE PARAMETERS Exposure parameters are developed from USEPA Region 4 (USEPA, 2014b) and USEPA national guidance (USEPA, 2002; 2011; 2014a). The exposure parameters used to quantify exposures for each of the scenarios described in this section are provided in Table 1-1. 1.1.1 Exposure Durations Exposure duration refers to the total amount of time in years that a receptor population is assumed to be exposed to the media that are being evaluated. USEPA has established standard exposure durations of 26 years for residential land use, 25 years for commercial/industrial land use, and 1 year for construction work. These values are based on upper percentile values for the length of time that people live at the same residence (26 years), and the length of time that people stay at the same place of employment (25 years). The duration for construction work is based on an assumption that the earth moving and excavation portions of a construction project would generally not continue for more than one year. For other receptor scenarios (e.g., trespasser), the exposure duration is based on the age range of the receptor evaluated. For example, the exposure duration for a 6 through 16 year old is 10 years, based on the premise that an individual begins the exposure activity at age 6 and continues to age 16. 1.1.2 Ingestion Rates Ingestion rates quantify the amount of media that is ingested. All soil, surface water, and groundwater ingestion rate values are USEPA default values as follows: Soil: 200 mg/day for children ages 1 through 6 100 mg/day for the trespassing adolescent and commercial/industrial workers 330 mg/day for construction workers Groundwater: • 0.004 L/day for the construction worker [Note that drinking water uses were evaluated by directly comparing groundwater or surface water concentrations to drinking water criteria, where this is a complete exposure pathway. If groundwater does not migrate to a private well, the groundwater drinking water pathway was not evaluated. ] Surface water: • 50 mL/hour (applies to swimming scenarios only), 50 mL/hour for children ages 1 through 6 • 10 ml/hour for adolescents and adults (wading scenarios) [Note that drinking water uses were evaluated by directly comparing groundwater or surface water concentrations to drinking water criteria, where this is a complete exposure pathway. If the adjacent surface water body is not used as a source of drinking water, the surface water drinking water pathway was not evaluated.] Sediment • 10 mg/day for children and adolescents • 5 mg/day for adults The soil ingestion rates are intended to represent total daily exposure to all sources of soil (i.e., soil within a yard, playground, athletic field, as well as dust indoors). In accordance with Region 4 guidance (USEPA, 2014b), only unsubmerged sediment is available for potential exposure. Unsubmerged sediment is generally only present along water body shorelines. Activities involving potential exposure to water bodies, such as wading, swimming, and boating, would not involve long durations of exposure to shoreline sediments. Therefore, potential exposure to unsubmerged sediment would represent only a small portion of total daily exposure to soil. To account for this, the sediment ingestion values represent one -tenth the USEPA default soil ingestion rates. It is important to recognize that the ingestion rates used for soil, sediment, surface water, and groundwater are based on total ingestion of those media each day. In other words, the ingestion rate for soil is based on incidental ingestion of soil from all sources throughout a day, including soil that is translocated indoors as household dust. The assumption that receptors who access a site incur their total daily ingestion of soil while at the site is likely to overestimate potential exposures, particularly for non-residential land uses. In addition, summation of risks across multiple media, such as soil and sediment, results in double -counting the daily soil ingestion rate, since each medium (i.e., soil and sediment) is evaluated using the total ingestion rates shown above. 1.1.3 Dermal Contact Rates Dermal contact rates quantify the amount of media that contacts the skin and is, therefore, a potential source for absorption of COPCs through the skin. Soil and sediment dermal contact rates are based on the skin surface area assumed to contact the soil or sediment, and the adherence of the soil or sediment to the skin. Skin surface area and adherence factors for recreational, commercial/industrial, and construction work scenarios are specified by USEPA (USEPA, 2014a; 2011; 2002). The surface area values used to evaluate recreational visitor wading exposures to surface water and sediment were calculated as the average of 50th percentile body surface areas, for the body parts assumed to be exposed to surface water and sediment, for males and females within the age range evaluated. Body surface area values are obtained from USEPA references (USEPA, 2011). 1.1.4 Body Weights Body weights are specified by USEPA for children ages 1 through 6 (15 kg) and adults (80 kg). Body weights for the adolescent (6-<16 years) age group were calculated using body weight data provided in USEPA references (USEPA, 2011), as the average of 50th percentile weights for males and females within the age range evaluated. 1.1.5 Exposure Times The exposure time quantifies the amount of time that potential exposure to air or water occurs. The exposure time parameter is used to quantify inhalation exposures, dermal exposures to water, and incidental ingestion exposures to water (i.e., during swimming). Exposure time parameters used in the RBC derivations are based on USEPA-recommended exposure times for time spent indoors and time spent outdoors (used for residential and recreational exposures), or site -specific exposure time is provided. Exposure time parameters for commercial/industrial worker and construction worker scenarios are based on an assumed 8-hour work day (assuming four hours of contact with surface water and sediment in a seep area and/or on -site tributary in the commercial/industrial scenario, and four hours of contact with groundwater in a trench for the construction worker). Variables related to exposure time also include fraction ingested, fraction dermal, and event -day, which describe the number of exposure events that are assumed to occur each day that exposure at the site takes place. For all scenarios, these parameters were established at a value of 1. 1.1.6 Exposure Frequencies Exposure frequency describes the number of days per year (or number of events per year) in which exposure to a medium at a site occurs. Exposure frequency parameters are based on USEPA default values for residential, trespasser, recreational, and construction worker scenarios. Exposure frequency for the current/future on -site commercial worker is site -specific and assumes contact with site soil, sediment, and surface water one day per month for 12 months. Receptor scenarios are described below, and are summarized in the CSM in Figure 1-1. The exposure parameters are provided in Table 1-1. 1.2 RECEPTORS 1.2.1 Current/Future Off -Site Resident The drinking water pathway is only potentially complete for those residents who use groundwater or surface water as a drinking water source. Drinking water uses were evaluated by directly comparing groundwater or surface water concentrations to drinking water criteria, where this is a complete exposure pathway. 1.2.2 Current/Future On -Site Trespasser Trespassers may potentially contact soil remaining post -excavation directly via incidental ingestion and dermal contact. Additionally, trespassers may inhale coal ash -derived particulates entrained in dusts. Trespassers may also be exposed to seep water and seep soil via dermal contact, and to on -site surface water and sediment (via incidental ingestion and dermal contact) at on -site surface water bodies. This scenario assumes an adolescent trespasser (ages 6 to 16) trespasses on -site for 45 days per year (USEPA, 2014b), for two hours per day. Given that the on -site water bodies are located on Duke -owned commercial -use properties where trespassers are the only potential off -site receptors, it is assumed that only wading exposures could potentially occur at the on -site surface water bodies. Coal ash basins will be de -watered in the future, thereby removing on -site water bodies as potential exposure media. 1.2.3 Current/Future Off -Site Recreational Swimmer Recreational swimmers may contact coal ash -derived COPCs in surface water or in sediment (via incidental ingestion and dermal contact) while swimming in off -site surface water bodies. This scenario assumes that a child (ages 1to 6), adolescent (ages 6 to 16) and adult swim at nearby off -site surface water bodies for 45 days per year (USEPA, 2014b), for two hours per day. 1.2.4 Current/Future Off -Site Recreational Wader Recreational waders may contact coal ash -derived COPCs in off -site surface water bodies while wading via dermal contact with surface water and incidental ingestion and dermal contact with sediment. This scenario assumes that a child (ages 1 to 6), adolescent (ages 6 to 16), and adult wade at nearby off -site surface water bodies for 45 days per year (USEPA, 2014b), for two hours per day. The principal differences between the wading and swimming scenarios are that more body surface area is assumed to contact surface water, and a greater incidental ingestion rate of surface water, is assumed to occur during swimming activities. Potential contact with unsubmerged sediment is assumed to be the same for both wading and swimming scenarios. 1.2.5 Current/Future Off -Site Recreational Boater Recreational boaters may contact coal ash -derived COPCs in off -site surface water bodies while boating via incidental ingestion with surface water and incidental ingestion and dermal contact with sediment. This scenario assumes that an adult boater is present at nearby off -site surface water bodies for 45 days per year (USEPA, 2014b), for two hours per day. 1.2.6 Current/Future Off -Site Recreational Fisher Recreational fishers may contact coal ash -derived COPCs in off -site surface water bodies while wading during fishing activities (via incidental ingestion with surface water and via incidental ingestion and dermal contact for sediment). Recreational fishers may also contact coal ash -derived COPCs via fish tissue ingestion. This scenario assumes that an adult fishes and wades at nearby off -site surface water bodies for 45 days per year (USEPA, 2014b), for two hours per day. Children are not assumed to accompany adults in angling activities. However, children (i.e., family members) were considered in the selection of fish ingestion rates under the assumption that family members consume fish that is caught by adults. Two fish ingestion rates are used to evaluate the range of potential exposures. Subsistence Angling: North Carolina Division of Public Health Fish Tissue Screening Levels (NCDWR, 2014) were developed based on a fish ingestion rate of 170 g/day, which represents the 95th percentile value for Native American subsistence fishers (USEPA, 2000). The same study used to support this value also derived a 95`" percentile fish ingestion rate for children ages birth to 5 yrs of age of 98 g/day. These values are used to represent the most sensitive receptor population for fish ingestion. Recreational Angling: Based on the information provided in USEPA (2000), a recreational fish ingestion rate of 17.5 g/day is used to represent the general recreational adult fisher population. Recreational fish ingestion rate data on children and adolescents is limited. However, USEPA (2011) cites average rates for consuming recreational anglers of 7.9 g/day for children ages 6 to 10 and 7.3 g/day for children ages 11 to 20. The average of these values (7.6 g/day) is used as the fish ingestion rate for children ages 6 to 16. 1.2.7 Current/Future On -Site Commercial/Industrial Workers On -site commercial/industrial workers may potentially contact coal ash -derived COPCs in post - excavation soil directly via incidental ingestion and dermal contact. Additionally, commercial/industrial workers may inhale coal ash -derived particulates entrained in dusts. Commercial/industrial workers may also be exposed to seep water and seep soil via dermal contact, and to on -site surface water and sediment (via incidental ingestion and dermal contact), in the case of on -site surface water bodies. It is assumed that an on -site commercial/industrial worker would potentially be exposed to on -site soil for 250 days per year and to sediment or surface water one day per month for twelve months of the year, while doing maintenance and/or landscaping activities at the site. It is also assumed that the worker would only contact site media for half of the day (four hours). USEPA default exposure factors are used for the commercial/industrial worker, however it is assumed that the worker would contact sediment and surface water on hands and forearms only. 1.2.8 Current/Future On -Site Construction Workers The construction worker scenario is designed to evaluate conditions pre- or post -remedy. This receptor is not intended to describe potential exposures to remediation workers. Construction workers may potentially contact coal ash -derived COPCs in post -excavation soil directly via incidental ingestion and dermal contact. Additionally, construction workers may inhale coal ash -derived particulates entrained in dusts. Construction workers may also directly contact COPCs in groundwater via incidental ingestion and dermal contact if groundwater is encountered during excavation. The construction worker scenario is evaluated to characterize risks associated with high intensity, short duration exposures to soil. Construction workers are not expected to be exposed to surface water or sediment. Exposures are characterized using USEPA national standardized parameters for construction worker scenarios, which allow for use of a site -specific exposure frequency. An exposure frequency of 60 days per year is used to accommodate the assumption that a large-scale development project would involve soil excavation activities over a total of 12 weeks in a one-year take up to a year to complete. It is assumed that contact with groundwater would occur for 20% of the total exposure frequency and time (50 days and 1.6 hours per day). 2. Chemical -Specific Inputs 2.1 Toxicity Values The toxicity values used to derive the RBCs were obtained from USEPA-approved sources of toxicity values, following USEPA's guidance regarding the hierarchy of sources of human health dose -response values in risk assessment (USEPA, 2003), as updated (USEPA, 2013). The sources include: • USEPA Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) JUSEPA, 2015bl; • National Center for Environmental Assessment (NCEA) provisional peer reviewed toxicity values (PPRTVs) (USEPA, 2014c), • California Environmental Protection Agency (CALEPA) toxicity values (CALEPA, 2011 and 2014), and • Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR's) Minimal Risk Levels (MRLs) (ATSDR, 2014). Toxicity values, including cancer slope factors (CSFs), inhalation unit risk values (IURs), and inhalation reference concentrations (RfCs) are provided in Table 2-1. Chronic and sub -chronic oral reference doses (RfDs), including target organs, are provided in Table 2-2. Chronic toxicity values were used to derive RBCs for all scenarios except the construction worker. Sub -chronic RfD and RfC values, when available, are used to derive RBCs for the construction worker exposure scenario. Dermal CSF and RfD values were derived using oral absorption factors in accordance with USEPA guidance (USEPA, 2004). 2.2 Mutagenic Mode of Action USEPA guidance for early life exposure to carcinogens (USEPA, 2005) requires that risks for potentially carcinogenic constituents that are presumed to act by a mutagenic mode of action be calculated differently than for constituents that do not act via a mutagenic mode of action. Of the constituents on Table 2-1, only hexavalent chromium, based on a draft evaluation, is considered to act by a mutagenic mode of action. Therefore, the age -dependent adjustment factors (ADAF) are applied in the oral and inhalation intake calculations involving children under the age of 16. The ADAFs are as follows: Age 0 to 2 years (2 year interval from birth until 2nd birthday) — ADAF = 10 Ages 2 to 16 years (14 year interval from 2nd birthday to 16th birthday) — ADAF = 3 Ages 16 and up (after 16th birthday) — no adjustment - ADAF = 1 Where a receptor group addressed in the exposure assessment spans one or more of these categories, the highest (most conservative) ADAF is used. 2.3 Dermal Absorption Factors Dermal absorption factors were obtained from USEPA guidance (USEPA, 2004). The dermal absorption factors (ABScl) for COPCs in soil and sediment accounts for lower absorption through the skin. USEPA (2004) provides constituent -specific dermal absorption fractions for a limited number of COPCs. Table 2-3 shows the dermal absorption factors. The estimation of exposure dose resulting from incidental dermal contact with groundwater or surface water requires the use of a dermal permeability constant (Kp) in units of centimeters per hour (cm/hr). The Kp values are derived from EPA (2004) Exhibit 3-1. Table 2-3 shows the dermal permeability constants. 2.4 Oral Absorption Factors USEPA has determined that the bioavailable fraction of arsenic in soil and sediment typically does not exceed 60%, and because the arsenic toxicity values are based on a highly absorbable form (dissolved in water), EPA has therefore published a default relative oral absorption fraction (ABSing) of 0.6 for arsenic in soils relative to arsenic in water, which is the basis of exposure for the toxicity value (USEPA, 2012a). This value will be used to derive RBCs for soil and sediment. No relative bioavailability adjustments were for all other COPCs for soil, sediment, and water. 2.5 Lead RBCs for lead are derived using biokinetic models. USEPA has developed risk -based screening levels (RSLs) for lead in soil using biokinetic models; the RSLs have been derived by USEPA for a standard residential and a standard commercial exposure scenario (USEPA, 2015a). Rather than derive site - specific RBCs for lead in this appendix, the USEPA RSLs are used as RBCs. The residential soil RSL for lead of 400 mg/kg was used as the soil/sediment RBC for exposure scenarios which incorporate children: the on -site trespasser, off -site swimmer, and off -site wader. The commercial/industrial RSL of 800 mg/kg was used for exposure scenarios which are limited to adults: the off -site boater, off -site recreational fisher, on -site commercial/industrial worker, and on -site construction worker. USEPA has also developed an action level of 15 ug/L for lead in drinking water (USEPA, 2012b). For surface water and groundwater, the lead action level was used as the RBC for all receptor scenarios. For sites in which lead EPCs exceed these screening levels, biokinetic models will be used with site - specific EPCs to derive estimates of blood lead concentrations. The estimated blood lead concentrations will be compared to USEPA blood lead thresholds to describe risks associated with potential exposures to lead. 3. RBC Equations The RBCs are calculated using the equations in the following sections. The lower of the site -specific RBCs developed based on potential cancer and noncancer effects for the applicable age group is used as the selected site -specific RBC. The RBCs are calculated using a target ELCR of 1x10-4 (one in ten thousand) and a target HI value of 1, which corresponds to levels of exposure that people (including sensitive individuals such as children) could experience without expected adverse effects. The target ELCR is within the target risk range of one in one million to one in ten thousand (USEPA, 1991) and is consistent with the target risk level used for the derivation of the North Carolina fish tissue screening levels (NCDWR, 2014). As noted in Section 2, only one constituent, arsenic, is identified by USEPA as a carcinogen by the oral route of exposure; hexavalent chromium has been proposed by USEPA to be classified as an oral carcinogen but that review process is not yet completed. Nonetheless, USEPA does use an oral cancer toxicity value derived by the State of New Jersey in its Risk -based Screening Levels (RSL) tables (USEPA, 2015a). Parameter definitions and units are also provided below and receptor -specific exposure parameter values are provided in Table 1-1. 3.1 Calculation of RBCs for Sediment and Soil Incidental ingestion and dermal contact with sediment is assumed to potentially occur for off -site recreational receptors (swimmer, wader, boater, and fisher). Incidental ingestion and dermal contact with soil and inhalation of particulates from soil is assumed to potentially occur for on -site receptors (trespasser, commercial/industrial worker, and construction worker). The following equations will be used to calculate RBCs if COPCs are identified in sediment or soil for any of the off -site recreational receptors or the on -site receptors. Parameter definitions and units are also provided below and receptor -specific exposure parameter values are provided in Table 1-1. 3.1.1 Noncarcinogenic Soil/Sediment RBCs RBC for Incidental Ingestion of Soil/Sediment - Noncarcinogenic: RBCsoil/sednc (mg/kg) - THQ x ATnc x BW EF x ED x RfD10 x IR x ABSing x CF RBC for Dermal Contact with Soil/Sediment- Noncarcinogenic: THQ xATnc x BW RBCsoil/sednc (mg/kg) - EF x ED xR1fDd x SA x AF x ABSd x CF RBC for Inhalation of Particulates from Soil- Noncarcinogenic: THQ x ATnc RBCsoilnc (mg/kg) — EF x ED x ET x 1 x ( 1 ) RfC FEF Total i RBCsednc (mg/kg) = 1 1 Ingestion RBCsednc + Dermal RBCsednc 1 RBCsoilnc (mg/kg) = 1 1 1 Ingestion RBCsoilnc + Dermal RBCsoilnc+Inhalation RBCsoilnc 3.1.2 Carcinogenic Soil/Sediment RBCs RBC for Incidental Ingestion of Soil/Sediment - Carcinogenic: RBCsoil/sednc (mg/kg) _ TRxATc xBW CSFo x ABSing x ED x EF x IR For receptors that include more than one age group (e.g., recreational visitors), BW, ED, and IR are replaced by IFSodj, where: IFSad; (mg-yr/kg-day) = Age group 1 BW ED x [R +Age group 2 BW ED x IR +Age group 3 ED x IR BW RBC for Dermal Contact with Soil/Sediment— Carcinogenic: _ TRxATcxBW RBCsoil/sednc (mg/kg) — CSFd x EF x SA x AF x ABSd x CF For receptors that include more than one age group (e.g., recreational visitors), BW, ED, AF, and SA are replaced by DFSpdj where: DFSadi (mg-yr/kg-day) = Age group 1 BW EDxSAxAF + Age group 2 BW EDxSAxAF + Age group 3 EDxSAxAF BW RBC for Inhalation of Particulates from Soil— Carcinogenic: Total RBC (mg/kg) = TR x ATc soilc EF x ED x ET x IUR x (PEF) i RBCsednc= 1 1 Ingestion RBCsedc +Dermal RBCsedc 1 RBCsoilc (mg/kg) = 1 1 1 Ingestion RBCsoilc + Dermal RBCsoilc + Inhalation RBCsoilc Parameter Definition (units) ABSd Dermal Absorption Fraction (compound -specific) (unitless) ABSing Oral Absorption Fraction (compound -specific) (unitless) AF Soil/Sediment Adherence Factor (mg/cmz) ATc Averaging time - Carcinogenic (days) ATnc Averaging time - noncarcinogenic (days) BW Body weight (kg) Parameter Definition (units) CF Conversion factor (106 kg/mg) CSFd Dermal Cancer Slope Factor (mg/kg-day)-1 CSFo Oral Cancer Slope Factor (mg/kg-day)-1 DFSadj Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor (mg-yr/kg-day) ED Exposure duration (years) EF Exposure frequency (days/year) ET Exposure Time (hours/event) IFSadj Age -Adjusted Soil/Sediment Ingestion Rate (mg-yr/kg-day) IR Soil/Sediment Ingestion Rate (mg/day) IUR Inhalation Unit Risk (ug/m3)-1 PEF Particulate Emission Factor (m3/kg) RBCsoil/sedc Soil/Sediment RBC - Carcinogenic RBCsoil/sednc Soil/Sediment RBC - Noncarcinogenic RfDd Dermal Reference Dose (mg/kg-day) RfDo Oral Reference Dose (mg/kg-day) SA Exposed Skin Surface Area (cmz) THQ Target Hazard Quotient TR Target Risk The soil and sediment RBC calculations for each scenario are summarized in Section 4. Derivation of the PEF value is based on the climactic zone for Raleigh, NC, and an assumed 30-acre site with 50% vegetative cover. To facilitate transparency of the RBC calculations, the equations above were broken into two steps: Step 1 derives an intake associated with a nominal media COPC concentration of'1 mg/kg' and Step 2 incorporates the intake with the toxicity value and target risk to derive the RBC. This is shown in the equations and associated calculations which document the RBC derivation (Section 4). 3.2 Calculation of RBCs for Groundwater, Surface Water, and Seep Water Incidental ingestion and dermal contact with groundwater is assumed to potentially occur for the on -site construction worker if groundwater is encountered at the construction trench. Incidental ingestion and dermal contact with surface water is assumed to potentially occur for both off -site recreational swimmer and wader receptors and on -site receptors (trespasser, commercial/industrial worker, and construction worker) if on -site and off -site surface water bodies are present. Off -site boater and fisher receptors are assumed to contact surface water through incidental ingestion only. The following equations will be used to calculate RBCs if COPCs are identified in groundwater or surface water. Parameter definitions and units are also provided below and receptor -specific exposure parameter values are provided in Table 1-1. The surface water RBCs derived for the trespasser and commercial worker scenarios will be used to evaluate seep water, under the conservative assumption that seep water is representative of surface water quality for water bodies into which seep water migrates. 3.2.1 Noncarcinogenic Groundwater/Surface Water RBCs RBC for Incidental Ingestion of Groundwater/Surface Water - Noncarcinogenic: ( g/) _ THQxATncxBWxCF RBCGW/SWnc U EF x ED x 7 x IR x ABS1ng x FI RBC for Dermal Contact with Inorganics in Groundwater/Surface Water — Noncarcinogenic: Total DAevent x (1000 cm3/L) RBCGw/swnc (Ug/L) = KP x t—event Where DAevent for inorganics = 2 THQ x ATnc x CF x BW DAevent (ug/cm -event) = (( 1 \RfDd)xEVxEDxEFxSA RBCGw/swnc 1 (Ug/L) = t t + Ingestion RBCswnc Dermal RBCswnc 3.2.2 Carcinogenic Groundwater/Surface Water RBCs RBC for Incidental Ingestion Groundwater/Surface Water - Carcinogenic: TRxATcxCFxBW RBCGw/swc (Ug/L) = CSFo x IR x EF x ED x ABSing For receptors that include more than one age group (e.g., recreational visitors), BW, ED, EF, and IR are replaced by IFWpd;, where: ED x EF x IR ED x EF x IR ED x EF x IR IFWadi (L/kg) =Age group 1 BW +Age group 2 BW +Age group 3 BW RBC for Dermal Contact with Groundwater/Surface Water — Carcinogenic: Total DAevent x (1000 cm3/L) RBCGw/swc (Ug/L) = Kp x t—event Where DAevent for inorganics = DAevent (Ug/Cm2-event) = TR x ATnc x CF x BW CSFdxEVxEDxEFxSA For receptors that include more than one age group (e.g., recreational visitors), BW, ED, EV EF, and SA are replaced by DFWpd/ where: DFW events-cm2 k Age group 1 Ev x ED x EF x sA + Age group 2 Ev x ED x EF x sA + Age group add ( / g) = g g p BW g g p BW g g p 3 EVxEDxEFxSA BW 1 RBCGw/swc (ug/L) Ingestion RBCswc + Dermal RBCswc Parameter Definition (units) ABSing Oral Absorption Fraction (compound -specific) (unitless) ATc Averaging time - Carcinogenic (days) ATnc Averaging time - noncarcinogenic (days) BW Body weight (kg) CF Conversion factor (1000 ug/mg) CSFd Dermal Cancer Slope Factor (mg/kg-day)-1 CSFo Oral Cancer Slope Factor (mg/kg-day)-1 DAevent Absorbed dose per event (µg/cm2 - event) DFWadj Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor (events-cm2/kg) ED Exposure duration (years) EF Exposure frequency (days) ET Exposure Time (hours) FI Fraction Ingested (unitless) t-event Exposure Time (dermal contact; hours) IFWadj Age -Adjusted Ingestion Factor (L/kg) EV Event time (events/day) IR Ingestion Rate (L/day) Kp Dermal Permeability Constant (cm/hour) PC Permeability Constant (cm/hr) RBCgw/swc Groundwater/Surface Water RBC—Carcinogenic (ug/L) RBCgw/swnc Groundwater/Surface Water RBC— Noncarcinogenic (ug/L) RfDd Dermal Reference Dose (mg/kg-day) RfDo Oral Reference Dose (mg/kg-day) THQ Target Hazard Quotient TR Target Risk The surface water and groundwater RBC calculations for each scenario are summarized in Section 4. To facilitate transparency of the RBC calculations, the equations above were broken into two steps: Step 1 derives an intake associated with a nominal media concentration of'1 ug/L' and Step 2 incorporates the intake with the toxicity value and target risk to derive the RBC. This is shown in the equations and associated calculations which document the RBC derivation (Section 4). Calculation of RBCs for Fish Ingestion Fish ingestion RBCs were derived as both tissue RBCs and surface water RBCs. The tissue RBCs are expressed as mg/kg COPC wet weight concentrations in fish tissue. These values can be compared to measured fish tissue concentrations (in wet weight). Surface water RBCs were derived using bioconcentration factors (BCFs) that relate surface water COPC concentration to fish tissue concentration. Surface water RBCs protective for consumption of fish were derived by dividing the fish tissue RBCs by the BCF. BCFs are provided in Table 2-4. RBC for Ingestion of Fish Tissue - Noncarcinogenic: _ THQxATncxBW RBCfishnc (mg/kg) - EF x ED x 1 x IR x ABSing x CF RfDo RBC for Ingestion of Fish Tissue - Carcinogenic: RBCf; he (mg/kg) _ TR x ATc CSFo x ABSing x EF x ED x IR x CF Parameter Definition (units) ABSing Gastrointestinal Absorption Factor (unitless) ATc Averaging time - Carcinogenic (days) ATnc Averaging time - noncarcinogenic (days) BW Body weight (kg) CF Conversion factor (103 kg/g) CSFo Oral Cancer Slope Factor (mg/kg-day)-1 ED Exposure duration (years) EF Exposure frequency (days/year) IR Fish Ingestion Rate (g/day) RBCfishc Fish Tissue RBC - Carcinogenic RBCfishnc Fish Tissue RBC - Noncarcinogenic RfDo Oral Reference Dose (mg/kg-day) THQ Target Hazard Quotient TR Target Risk 3.2 Calculation of RBCs for Hexavalent Chromium As described in Section 2.2, hexavalent chromium is evaluated as a carcinogen by the inhalation route that acts through a mutagenic mode of action based on a draft USEPA assessment. In accordance with USEPA guidance, ADAFs are applied to the intake algorithms to account for increased early life susceptibility (USEPA, 2008). For scenarios which involve children under the age of 16, separate RBC calculations are provided for hexavalent chromium. To accommodate the assignment of ADAF values to specific age ranges, the young child (age 0 to 6) scenario was broken into 0 to 2 and 2 to 6 year age groups. Exposure parameters for the 0 to 6 year age group (Table 1-1) were assigned to both the 0 to 2 and 2 to 6 year ages. Cancer -based RBCs are derived using the same equations provided in subsection 3.1 and 3.2., however, the age -adjusted intake factors are adjusted to include four age groups and the ADAFs, as follows: IFSM is used in place of IFSadj, and is derived as: IFSM = {(child ED [0-2] x child IR [0-2] x ADAF [0-2] / child BW [0-2]} + {(child ED [2-6] x child IR [2-6] x ADAF [2-6] / child BW [2-6]} + {(older child ED [6-16] x older child IR [6-16] x ADAF [6-16] / older child BW [6-16]1 + {(adult ED x adult IR x adult ADAF / adult BW)} DFSM is used in place of DFSadj, and is derived as: DFSM = {(child ED [0-2] x child SA [0-2] x child AF [0-2] x ADAF [0-2] / child BW [0-2]1 + {(child ED [2-6] x child SA [2-6] x child AF [2-6] x ADAF [2-6] / child BW [2-6]) + {(older child ED [6-16] x older child SA [6- 16] x older child AF [6-16] x ADAF [6-16] / older child BW [6-16]1 + {(adult ED x adult SA x adult AF x adult ADAF / adult BW)} IFWM is used in place of IFWadj, and is derived as: IFWM = {(child ED [0-2] x child EF [0-2] x child IR [0-2] x ADAF [0-2] / child BW [0-2]} + {(child ED [2-6] x child EF [2-6] x child IR [2-6] x ADAF [2-6] / child BW [2-6]} + {(older child ED [6-16] x child EF [6-16] x older child IR [6-16] x ADAF [6-16] / older child BW [6-16]} + {(adult ED x adult EF x adult IR x adult ADAF / adult BW)} DFWM is used in place of DFWadj, and is derived as: DFWM = {(child EF [0-2] x child ED [0-2] x child SA [0-2] x child EV [0-2] x ADAF [0-2] / child BW [0-2]1 + {(child EF [2-6] x child ED [2-6] x child SA [2-6] x child EV [2-6] x ADAF [2-6] / child BW [2-6]1 + ((older child EF [6-16] x older child ED [6-16] x older child SA [6-16] x older child EV [6-16] x ADAF [6-16] / older child BW [6-16])} + {(adult EF x adult ED x adult SA x adult EV x adult ADAF / adult BW)} 4. Summary of RM Calculations of the RBCs for each receptor scenario are provided in attachments to this appendix and are summarized in Tables 4-1 through 4-17, as follows: • Current/Future On -Site Trespasser o Soil: Table 4-1 and Attachment A o Sediment: Table 4-2 and Attachment B o Surface Water: Table 4-3 and Attachment C • Current/Future On -Site Commercial/Industrial Worker o Soil: Table 4-4 and Attachment D o Sediment: Table 4-5 and Attachment E o Seep Water: Table 4-6 and Attachment F • Future On -Site Construction Worker o Soil: Table 4-7 and Attachment G o Groundwater: Table 4-8 and Attachment H • Current/Future Off -Site Recreational Swimmer o Sediment: Table 4-9 and Attachment I o Surface Water: Table 4-10 and Attachment H • Current/Future Off -Site Recreational Wader o Sediment: Table 4-11 and Attachment J o Surface Water: Table 4-12 and Attachment K • Current/Future Off -Site Recreational Boater o Sediment: Table 4-13 and Attachment L o Surface Water: Table 4-14 and Attachment M • Current/Future Off -Site Fisher o Sediment: Table 4-15 and Attachment N o Surface Water: Table 4-16 and Attachment 0 o Recreational Fish Tissue / Surface Water: Table 4-17 and Attachment P o Subsistence Fish Tissue / Surface Water: Table 4-18 and Attachment Q Within each attachment cited above, three tables are provided which document: 1) The RBC algorithms and receptor -specific parameters used; 2) The chemical -specific parameters and derivation of cancer -based RBCs 3) The chemical -specific parameters and derivation of non -cancer based RBCs As discussed in section 2.5, RBCs were not calculated for lead. The residential soil RSL for lead of 400 mg/kg was used as the soil/sediment RBC for the on -site trespasser, off -site swimmer, and off -site wader. The commercial/industrial RSL of 800 mg/kg was used for the off -site boater, off -site recreational fisher, on -site commercial/industrial worker, and on -site construction worker. For surface water and groundwater, the lead action level of 15 ug/L was used as the RBC for all receptor scenarios. S. References 1. ATSDR. 2014. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry Minimal Risk Levels, updated October 2015. Available at: http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/mrls/mrllist.asp 2. CALEPA. 2011. California Environmental Protection Agency, Cancer Slope Factors, December 2011. Available at: http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/chemicaldb/index.asp 3. CALEPA. 2014. California Environmental Protection Agency, Reference Exposure Levels, June 2014. Available at: http://oehha.ca.gov/risk/chemicaldb/index.asp 4. NCDWR. 2014. North Carolina Division of Water Resources Baseline Assessment of Fish Tissue Metal in the Dan River Following the Eden Coal Ash Spill. Available at: http://Portal.ncdenr.org/c/document library/get file?uuid=7f2740ed-5495-4933-aa8b- 5127bf813c8d&groupld=38364 5. USEPA. 1989. Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund, Volume 1: Human Health Evaluation Manual, Part A. EPA/540/1-89/002. Office of Emergency and Remedial Response, Washington, DC. December. 6. USEPA. 1991. Role of the Baseline Risk Assessment in Superfund Remedy Selection Decisions. OSWER Directive #9355.0-30. April. 7. USEPA. 2000. Guidance for Assessing Chemical Contaminant Data for Use in Fish Advisories. Volume 1, Fish Sampling and Analysis, Third Edition. EPA 823-B-00-007. USEPA Office of Water. 2000. 8. USEPA. 2002. Supplemental Guidance for Developing Soil Screening Levels for Superfund Sites OWSWER 9355.4-24 9. USEPA. 2003. Human Health Toxicity Values in Superfund Risk Assessments. Office of Superfund Remediation and Technology Innovation. OSWER Directive 9285.7-53. December 5, 2003. 10. USEPA. 2004. United States Environmental Protection Agency, Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund, Volume 1, Human Health Evaluation Manual (Part E, Supplemental Guidance for Dermal Risk Assessment, Interim), Office of Emergency and Remedial Response, EPA/540/R/99/005. 11. USEPA. 2005. Supplemental Guidance from Early -Life Exposure to Carcinogens. EPA/630/R- 03/003F. 2005. 12. USEPA, 2008. Handbook for Implementing Supplemental Cancer Guidance at Waste and Cleanup Sites. Office of Emergency and Remedial Response. 13. USEPA. 2011. Exposure Factors Handbook: 2011 Edition. EPA/600/R-09/052F. Office of Research and Development, Washington, DC. September. 14. USEPA. 2012a. Compilation and Review of Data on Relative Bioavailability of Arsenic in Soil. OSWER No. 9200.1-113; December. 15. USEPA. 2012b. USEPA 2012 Edition of the Drinking Water Standards and Health Advisories, Spring 2012. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Available at: http://water.epa.gov/drink/contaminants/index.cfm 16. USEPA. 2014a. Human Health Evaluation Manual, Supplemental Guidance: Update of Standard Default Exposure Factors. OSWER 9200.1-120. February 6, 2011. 17. USEPA. 2014b. Region 4 Human Health Risk Assessment Supplemental Guidance. January 2014. Draft Final. 18. USEPA. 2014c. Provisional Peer Reviewed Reference Toxicity Values (PPRTVs). November 2014. http://hhpprtv.ornl.gov/ 19. USEPA. 2015a. USEPA Risk -Based Screening Levels. June 2015. Available at: http://www2.epa.gov/risk/risk-based-screening-table-generic-tables 20. USEPA. 2015b. Integrated Risk Information System. http://www2.epa.gov/iris Tables Page 1 of 5 TABLE 1-1 HUMAN HEALTH EXPOSURE PARAMETERS RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES DUKEENERGY Current/Future On -Site Current/Future Off -Site Resident Trespasser Current/Future Off -Site Recreational Swimmer Child (Age <6) Adult Child and Adult (Ages 1.26) Adolescent(6-<16 years) Child (Age <6 ) Adolescent(6-<16 years) Adult Child, Adolescent and Adult (Ages 1 - 26) Parameter Units Standard Parameters Body Weight BW kg 15 USEPA, 80 USEPA, NA 44 USEPA, 2011 15 USEPA, 44 USEPA, 80 USEPA, NA 2014a 2014a [7] 2011 [1] 2011 [1] 2014a Exposure Duration ED years 6 Ages <6 20 Balance of 26 USEPA, 10 Ages 6 - <16 6 Ages <6 10 Ages 6 - <16 10 Balance of 26 Site- 26-yr 2014a 26-yr specific exposure I exposure Non —carcinogenic Averaging Time Atnc days 2190 ED 7300 ED 9490 ED 3650 ED expressed 2190 ED 3650 ED 3650 ED 9490 ED expressed in expressed expressed in days expressed in expressed in expressed in expressed days in days in days days days days in days Carcinogenic Averaging Time Atc days 25550 70 year 25550 70 year 25550 70 year 25550 70 year 25550 70 year 25550 70 year 25550 70 year 25550 70 year lifetime lifetime lifetime lifetime lifetime lifetime lifetime lifetime Incidental Ingestion of Soil Exposure Frequency EF days/year NA NA NA 45 USEPA, NA NA NA NA 2014b Soil Ingestion Rate IR mg/day NA NA NA 100 USEPA, 2011 NA NA NA NA [4] Fraction Ingested FI unitless NA NA NA 1.0 Site -specific NA NA NA NA [6] Age -Adjusted Soil Ingestion Rate IFSadj mg-yr/kg-day NA NA NA 23 NA NA NA NA Age -Adjusted Soil Ingestion Factor- IFSM mg-yr/kg-day 68 Mutagenic Dermal Exposure with Soil Exposed Skin Surface Area SA cm2 NA NA NA 3160 USEPA, 2011 NA NA NA NA [7] Soil Adherence Factor AF rmg/cm' NA NA NA 0.10 USEPA, 2011 NA NA NA NA [s1 Fraction Dermal EV event/day NA NA NA 1.0 Site -specific NA NA NA NA [6] Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor DFSadj mg-yr/kg-day NA NA NA 72 NA NA NA NA Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor- DFSM 215 mg-yr/kg-day Mutagenic Particulate Inhalation Exposure Time ETA hours/day NA NA NA 2 Site -specific NA NA NA NA 2] Incidental Ingestion of Sediment Exposure Frequency EF days/year NA NA NA 45 USEPA, 45 USEPA, 45 USEPA, 45 USEPA, 45 USEPA, 2014b 2014b 2014b 2014b 2014b Sediment Ingestion Rate IR mg/day NA NA NA 10 USEPA, 2011 10 USEPA, 10 USEPA, 5 USEPA, NA [4] 2011 [41 2011 [41 2011 [41 Fraction Ingested FI unitless NA NA NA 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site- [6] [6] [6] [6] specific Age -Adjusted Sediment Ingestion Rate IFSadj mg-yr/kg-day NA NA NA 2 NA NA NA 7 Age -Adjusted Sediment Ingestion Factor- IFSM mg-yr/kg-day NA NA NA 7 NA NA NA 29 Mutagenic Dermal Exposure with Sediment Exposed Skin Surface Area SA am' NA NA NA 3820 USEPA, 2011 6378 USEPA, 13350 USEPA, 20900 USEPA, NA [121 2014a 2011 [11] 2014a Sediment Adherence Factor AF mg/cm' NA NA NA 0.10 USEPA, 2011 0.10 USEPA, 0.10 USEPA, 0.07 USEPA, NA 191 2011 [9] 2011 [9] 2011 [8] Fraction Dermal EV event/day NA NA NA 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site- [6] [6] [6] [6] specific Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor DFSadj mg-yr/kg-day NA NA NA 87 NA NA NA 741 Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor- DFSM NA NA NA 260 NA NA NA 2454 mg-yr/kg-day Mutagenic 1/11/2016 Page 2 of 5 TABLE 1-1 HUMAN HEALTH EXPOSURE PARAMETERS RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES DUKEENERGY Current/Future On -Site Current/Future Off -Site Resident Trespasser Current/Future Off -Site Recreational Swimmer Child and Adult (Ages Adolescent(6-<16 Adolescent(6-<16 Child, Adolescent Child (Age c6) Adult 1.26) years) Child (Age <6 ) years) Adult and Adult (Ages 1 - Parameter Units 26) Incidental Ingestion of Groundwater [17] Exposure Frequency EF days/year NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Water Ingestion Rate IR L/day NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Fraction Ingested FI unilless NA NA NA NA NA I NA NA NA Dermal Exposure with Groundwater Exposure Frequency EF days/year NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Exposed Skin Surface Area SA crri' NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Exposure Time t-event hr/event NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Events per Day EV event/day NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Incidental Ingestion of Surface Water [17] Exposure Frequency EF days/year NA NA NA 45 USEPA, 45 USEPA, 45 USEPA, 45 USEPA, 45 USEPA, 20141, 20141, 1 20141, 20141, 2014b Water Ingestion Rate IR L/day NA NA NA 0.02 USEPA, 0.10 USEPA, 0.10 USEPA, 0.10 USEPA, NA 20141, [13] 20141, [13] 20141, [13] 20141, [13] Fraction Ingested FI unilless NA NA NA 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Sile- 151 151 151 151 specific Age -Adjusted Water Ingestion Rate IFWadj L/kg NA NA NA 0.2 NA NA NA 3.4 Age -Adjusted Water Ingestion Factor- IFWM L/kg NA NA NA 0.6 NA NA NA 13.2 Mutagenic Dermal Exposure with Surface Water Exposure Frequency EF days/year NA NA NA 45 USEPA, 45 USEPA, 45 USEPA, 45 USEPA, 45 USEPA, 20141, 20141, 20141, 20141, 20141, Exposed Skin Surface Area SA crri' NA NA NA 3820 USEPA, 2011 6378 USEPA, 13350 USEPA, 20900 USEPA, NA [121 2014a 2011 [111 2014a Exposure Time t-event hr/event NA NA NA 2 Site -specific 2 Site -specific 2 Site -specific 2 Site -specific 2 151 151 151 151 Events per Day EV event/day NA NA NA 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site- 151 151 151 151 specific Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor DFWadj eventscm'/kg NA NA NA 39068 NA NA NA 368901 Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor- DFWM eventscm'/kg NA NA NA 117205 NA NA NA 1139453 Mutagenic Ingestion of Fish - Subsistence Angler Fish Ingestion Rate IR g/day NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Fraction Ingested FI unilless NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Exposure Frequency EF days/year NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Ingestion of Fish - Recreational Angler Fish Ingestion Rate IR g/day NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Fraction Ingested FI unilless NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Exposure Frequency EF days/year NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1/11/2016 Page 3 of 5 TABLE 1-1 HUMAN HEALTH EXPOSURE PARAMETERS RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES DUKEENERGY Current/Future Off -Site Recreational Wader Current/Future On. Current/Future On - Parameter Units Current/Future Off- Site Recreational Boater Current/Future Off -Site Fisher Site Commercial/ Industrial Worker Site Construction Worker Child (Age <6) Adolescent (6-<16 years) Adult Child, Adolescent and Adult (Ages 1 - 26) Standard Parameters Body Weight BW kg 15 USEPA, 44 USEPA, 80 USEPA, NA 80 USEPA, 80 USEPA, 2014a 80 USEPA, 80 USEPA, 2011[1] 2011[1] 2014a 2014a 2014a 2014a Exposure Duration ED years 6 Ages <6 10 Ages 6 - <16 10 Balance of 26 Site- 10 Balance of 10 Balance of 26-yr 25 USEPA, 1 USEPA, 2002 26-yr specific 26-yr exposure 2014a exposure exposure Non —carcinogenic Averaging Time Atnc days 2190 ED 3650 ED 3650 ED 9490 ED 3650 ED 3650 ED expressed in 9125 ED 365 ED expressed in expressed in expressed in expressed expressed in days expressed in expressed in days days days in days days days days Carcinogenic Averaging Time Atc days 25550 70 year 25550 70 year 25550 70 year 25550 70 year 25550 70 year 25550 70 year lifetime 25550 70 year 25550 70 year lifetime lifetime lifetime lifetime lifetime lifetime lifetime Incidental Ingestion of Soil Exposure Frequency EF days/year NA NA NA NA NA NA 250 USEPA, 60 Site -specific 2014a [16] Soil Ingestion Rate IR mg/day NA NA NA NA NA NA 100 USEPA, 330 USEPA, 2014a 2002 Fraction Ingested FI unitless NA NA NA NA NA NA 1.0 USEPA, 1.0 USEPA, 2002 2014a Age -Adjusted Soil Ingestion Rate IFSadj mg-yr/kg-day NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Age -Adjusted Soil Ingestion Factor- IFSM mg-yr/kg-day Mutagenic Dermal Exposure with Soil Exposed Skin Surface Area SA cm2 NA NA NA NA NA NA 3470 USEPA, 3470 USEPA, 2014a 2014a Soil Adherence Factor AF rng/cm' NA NA NA NA NA NA 0.12 USEPA, 0.3 USEPA, 2002 2014a Fraction Dermal EV event/day NA NA NA NA NA NA 1.0 USEPA, 1.0 USEPA, 2002 2014a Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor DFSadj mg-yr/kg-day NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor- DFSM mg-yr/kg-day Mutagenic Particulate Inhalation Exposure Time ET- hours/day NA NA NA NA NA NA 4 Site -specific 8 USEPA, [141 2014a Incidental Ingestion of Sediment Exposure Frequency days/year 45 USEPA, 45 USEPA, 45 USEPA, 45 USEPA, 45 USEPA, 45 USEPA, 2014b 12 Site -specific NA 2014b 2014b 2014b 2014b 2014b [14] Sediment Ingestion Rate [IFSadj mg/day 10 USEPA, 10 USEPA, 5 USEPA, NA 5 USEPA, 5 USEPA, 2011 5 USEPA, 2011 NA 2011 [4] 2011 [4] 2011 [4] 2011 [4] [4] [4] Fraction Ingested unitless 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site- 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site -specific [6] 1.0 USEPA, NA [6] [6] [6] specific [6] 2014a Age -Adjusted Sediment Ingestion Rate mg-yr/kg-day NA NA NA 7 NA NA NA NA Age -Adjusted Sediment Ingestion Factor- IFSM mg-yr/kg-day NA NA NA 29 NA NA NA NA Mutagenic Dermal Exposure with Sediment Exposed Skin Surface Area SA an' 1770 USEPA, 3820 USEPA, 5790 USEPA, NA 5790 USEPA, 5790 USEPA, 2011 670 USEPA, 2011 NA 2011[121 2011[121 2011[121 2011[121 [121 [151 Sediment Adherence Factor AF mg/cm' 0.10 USEPA, 0.10 USEPA, 0.07 USEPA, NA 0.1 USEPA, 0.1 USEPA, 2011 0.1 USEPA, NA 2011 [9] 1 2011 [9] 1 2011 [8] 2011 [8] 1 181 1 2014a Fraction Dermal EV event/day 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site- 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site -specific [61 1.0 USEPA, NA [6] [6] [6] specific [6] 2014a Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor DFSadj mg-yr/kg-day NA NA NA 208 NA NA NA NA Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor- DFSM NA NA NA 689 NA NA NA NA mg-yr/kg-day Mutagenic 1/11/2016 Page 4 of 5 TABLE 1-1 HUMAN HEALTH EXPOSURE PARAMETERS RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES DUKEENERGY Current/Future Off -Site Recreational Wader Current/Future On. Current/Future On - Current/Future Off- Site Commercial/ Site Construction Child, Adolescent Child (Age <6) Adolescent (6-<16 Adult and Adult (Ages 1 - Site Recreational Current/Future Off -Site Industrial Worker Worker Parameter Units years) 26) Boater Fisher Incidental Ingestion of Groundwater [17] Exposure Frequency EF days/year NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 60 Site -specific 1161 Water Ingestion Rate IR L/day NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 0.004 USEPA, 2011 [101 Fraction Ingested FI unilless NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1.0 Assumption Dermal Exposure with Groundwater Exposure Frequency EF days/year NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 60 Site -specific [16] Exposed Skin Surface Area SA crri' NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 670 USEPA, 2011 1151 Exposure Time t-event hr/event NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1.6 Site -specific 1161 Events per Day EV event/day NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1.0 Assumption Incidental Ingestion of Surface Water [17] Exposure Frequency EF days/year 45 USEPA, 45 USEPA, 45 USEPA, 45 USEPA, NA NA NA NA 20141b 2014b 2014b 2014b Water Ingestion Rate IR L/day 0.10 USEPA, 0.02 USEPA, 0.02 USEPA, NA NA NA NA NA 20141b [13] 20141b [13] 20141b [13] Fraction Ingested FI unilless 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site- NA NA NA NA 151 151 151 specific Age -Adjusted Water Ingestion Rate IFWadj L/kg NA NA NA 2.12 NA NA NA NA Age -Adjusted Water Ingestion Factor- IFWM L/kg NA NA NA 10.33 NA NA NA NA Mutagenic Dermal Exposure with Surface Water Exposure Frequency EF days/year 45 USEPA, 45 USEPA, 45 USEPA, 45 USEPA, 45 USEPA, 45 USEPA, 20141b 12 Site -specific NA 2014b 2014b 2014b 2014b 2014b [14] Exposed Skin Surface Area SA crri' 1770 USEPA, 3820 USEPA, 5790 USEPA, NA 5790 USEPA, 5790 USEPA, 2011 670 USEPA, 2011 NA 2011[121 2011[121 2011[121 2011[121 [121 1151 Exposure Time t-event hr/event 2 Site -specific 2 Site -specific 2 Site -specific 2 2 Site -specific 2 Site -specific [5] 4 Site -specific NA 151 151 151 151 [14] Events per Day EV event/day 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site -specific 1.0 Site- 1 Site -specific 1 Site -specific [5] 1.0 Assumption NA 151 151 151 specific 151 Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor DFWadj eventscm'/kg NA NA NA 103497 NA NA NA NA Age -Adjusted Dermal Contact Factor- DFWM eventscm'/kg NA NA NA 319693 NA NA NA NA Mutagenic Ingestion of Fish - Subsistence Angler Fish Ingestion Rate IR g/day NA NA NA NA NA Adult: 170 USEPA, 2000 NA NA 1181 Child: 98 USEPA, 2011 [20] Fraction Ingested FI unilless NA NA NA NA NA 1.0 Site -specific. NA NA Assumes 100 offish is from the Site. Exposure Frequency EF days/year I NA NA NA NA NA 1 365 NA NA Ingestion of Fish - Recreational Angler Fish Ingestion Rate IR g/day NA NA NA NA NA Adult: 17.5 USEPA, 2000 NA NA 1191 Adolescent: USEPA, 2011 7.6 [211 Fraction Ingested FI unilless NA NA NA NA NA 1.0 Site -specific. NA NA Assumes 100 offish is from the Site. Exposure Frequency JEF days/year I NA I NA I NA I NA I NA 1 365 1 NA I NA 1/11/2016 Page 5 of 5 TABLE 1-1 HUMAN HEALTH EXPOSURE PARAMETERS RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES DUKEENERGY Notes and Abbreviations USEPA, 2000. Guidance for Assessing Chemical Contaminant Data for Use in Fish Advisories. Volume 1, Fish Sampling and Analysis, Third Edition. EPA 823-B-00-007. USEPA Office of Water. 2000. USEPA, 2002 - Supplemental Guidance for Developing Soil Screening Levels for Superfund Sites. OWSWER 9355.4-24 USEPA, 2011 - Exposure Factors Handbook. USEPA/600/R-10/030. October, 2011. USEPA, 2014a - Human Health Evaluation Manual, Supplemental Guidance: Update of Standard Default Exposure Factors. OSWER 9200.1-120. February 6, 201. USEPA, 20141, - Region 4 Human Health Risk Assessment Supplemental Guidance. January 2014. Draft Final. [1] - Table 8-1 of USEPA (2011). [2] - Assumes 2 hours per day. [3] - One -tenth of the value for swimming (49 ml/hour; Table 3-5 of USEPA (2011)) used to approximate incidental ingestion during wading in washes during storm water events. [4] - Table 5-1 of USEPA (2011), recommended value for soil plus dust. For sediment, these values are adjusted by a factor of 0.1 to account for the lower sediment exposure potential. [5] - Assumes 2 hours per event and that on days when play in water occurs, all daily exposure to water is derived from locations at the Site. [6] - Assumes that on days when visitation to the Site occurs , all daily exposure to soil is derived from locations at the Site. [7] - Based on surface area of face, hands, forearms, lower legs. [8] - Based on weighted skin adherence factor for'sports-oudoom'. [9] - Based on weighted skin adherence factor for'activities with soil'. [10] - One -tenth of the value for swimming (21 ml/hour; Table 3-5 of USEPA (2011)) used to approximate incidental ingestion during wading. [11] - Based on weighted average of mean values for 6- 16 years. [12] - Based on surface area of hands, forearms, lower legs, and feet. [13] - Ingestion of 50 milliliter per hour (.1/hour) of surface water should be used for exposures to water during swimming. Intake rates for exposure to surface water during wading should be 50 ml/hour for children 1-6 and 10 ml/hour for adolescents and adults. The water ingestion rate in liters/day is calculated as follows: ingestion (ml/hr) x exposure time (hr/event)/1000 (ml/1). [14] - Assumes contact with surface water and sediment in a seep area and/or on -site tributary one day per month for half a day (4 hours). [15] - Based on surface area of hands and forearms. [16] - Assumes that excvation work occurs a total of 12 work -weeks over the duration of a one year construction project and that contact with groundwater in a trench occurs for a portion of each excavation work -day. [17] - Drinking water will be evaluated by comparison of groundwater and surface water data to drinking water criteria. [18] - Value is the 95th percentile for Native American subsistence fishers (USEPA, 2000). [19] - Value is the 95th percentile for recreational fishers (USEPA, 2000). [20] - Value is the 95th percentile for Native American subsistence fishers ages 0 - 5 from same source used to derive 95th percentile for adult Native American subsistence fishers (EFH, Table 10-6). [21] - Value is the average of mean ingestion rates for children of consuming recreational anglers ages 6 - 20 (EFH, Table 10-5). Values are based on time -weighted average of child, adolescent, and adult exposure values, calculated as follows: Soil EF = (child EF x child ED) + (adolescent EF x adolescent ED)+ (adult EF x adult ED) / total scenario ED IFSadj = (child ED x child IR / child BW)+ (adolescent ED x adolescent IR / adolescent BW) + (adult ED x adult IR / adult BW) DFSadj = (child ED x child SA x child AF / child BW)+ (adolescdent ED x adolescent SA x adolescent AF / adolescent BW) + (adult ED x adult SA x adult AF / adult BW) ET = (child ET x child ED) + (adolescent ET x adolescent ED)+ (adult ET x adult ED) / total scenario ED Soil - mutagenic IFSM = (child ED [0-2] x child IR [0-2] x ADAF [0-2] / child BW [0-2]) + (child ED [2-6] x child IR [2-6] x ADAF [2-6] / child BW [2-6])+ (older child ED [6-16] x older child IR [6-16] x ADAF [6-16] / older child BW [6-16])+ (adult ED x adult IR x adult ADAF / adult BW) DFSM = (child ED [0-2] x child SA [0-2] x child AF [0-2] x ADAF [0-2] / child BW [0-2]) + (child ED [2-6] x child SA [2-6] x child AF [2-6] x ADAF [2-6] / child BW [2-6]) + (older child ED [6-16] x older child SA [6-16] x older child AF [6-16] x ADAF [6-16] / older child BW [6-16]) + (adult ED x adult SA x adult AF x adult ADAF / adu INHF = [(child ET [0-2] x child EF [0-2] x child ED [0-2] x ADAF [0-2]) + (child ET [2-6] x child EF [2-6] x child ED [2-6] x ADAF [2-6]) + (older child ET [6-16] x older child EF [6-16] x older child ED [6-16] x ADAF [6-16]) + (adult ET x adult EF x adult ED x adult ADAF)] Water IFWadj = (child ED [0-2] x child EF [0-2] x child IR [0-2] / child BW [0-2]) + (child ED [2-6] x child EF [2-6] x child IR [2-6] / child BW [2-6])+ (older child ED [6-16] x older child EF [6-16] x older child IR [6-16] / older child BW [6-16]) + (adult ED x adult EF x adult IR / adult BW) DFWadj = (child EF [0-2] x child ED [0-2] x child SA [0-2] x child EV [0-2] / child BW [0-2]) + (child EF [2-6] x child ED [2-6] x child SA [2-6] x child EV [2-6] / child BW [2-6]) + (older child EF [6-16] x older child ED [6-16] x older child SA [6-16] x older child EV [6-16] / alder child BW [6-16])+ (adult EF x adult ED x adult SA x a Water - mutagenic IFWM = (child ED [0-2] x child EF [0-2] x child IR [0-2] x ADAF [0-2] / child BW [0-2]) + (child ED [2-6] x child EF [2-6] x child IR [2-6] x ADAF [2-6] / child BW [2-6]) + (older child ED [6-16] x child EF [6-16] x older child IR [6-16] x ADAF [6-16] / older child BW [6-16]) + (adult ED x adult EF x adult IR x adult ADAF / adult BW) DFWM = (child EF [0-2] x child ED [0-2] x child SA [0-2] x child EV [0-2] x ADAF [0-2] / child BW [0-2])+ (child EF [2-6] x child ED [2-6] x child SA [2-6] x child EV [2-6] x ADAF [2-6] / child BW [2-6]) + (older child EF [6-16] x older child ED [6-16] x older child SA [6-16] x older child EV [6-16] x ADAF [6-16] / older child BW [6-1E (adult EF x adult ED x adult SA x adult EV x adult ADAF / adult BW) USEPA guidance for early life exposure to carcinogens (USEPA, 2005) requires that risks for potentially carcinogenic constituents that are presumed to act by a mutagenic mode of action be calculated differently than for constituents that do not act via a mutagenic mode of action. Therefore, the age -dependent adjustment factors (ADAF) will be applied for calculations involving children under the age of 16. The ADAFs are as follows: Age 0 to 2 years (2 year interval from birth until 2nd birthday)—ADAF = 10 Ages 2 to 16 years (14 year interval from 2nd birthday to 16th birthday)—ADAF = 3 Ages 16 and up (after 16th birthday) — no adjustment - ADAF = 1 1/11/2016 TABLE 2-1 HUMAN HEALTH TOXICITY VALUES - CANCER AND INHALATiON NON -CANCER RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES DUKE ENERGY Constituent CAS Chronic Inhalation Reference Concentration RfC-i mg/m3 REF Subchronic Inhalation Reference Concentration RfC-i mg/m3 REF Oral Cancer Slope Factor CSF-o 1/(mg/kg/day) REF Dermal Cancer Slope Factor CSF-d 1/(mg/kg/day) REF Inhalation Unit Risk IUR 1/(Ng/m3) REF Mutagen Metals Aluminum 7429-90-5 5.0E-03 P 5.0E-03 Cr N Antimony 7440-36-0 N Arsenic 7440-38-2 1.5E-05 C 1.5E-05 Cr 1.5E+00 I 1.5E+00 I 4.3E-03 I N Barium 7440-39-3 5.0E-04 H 5.0E-03 H N Beryllium 7440-41-7 2.0E-05 I 2.0E-05 H 2.4E-03 I N Boron 7440-42-8 2.0E-02 H 2.0E-02 H N Cadmium 7440-43-9 2.0E-05 C 2.0E-05 Cr 1.8E-03 I N Calcium 7440-70-2 N Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 N Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 1.0E-04 I 3.0E-04 A 8.4E-02 I N Chromium VI (hexavalent) (a) 18540-29-9 1.0E-04 I 3.0E-04 A 5.0E-01 J 8.4E-02 I Y Chromium III 16065-83-1 N Cobalt 7440-48-4 6.0E-06 P 2.0E-05 P 9.0E-03 P N Copper 7440-50-8 N Iron 7439-89-6 N Lead 7439-92-1 N Magnesium 7439-95-4 N Manganese (b) 7439-96-5 5.0E-05 I 5.0E-05 Cr N Mercury 7439-97-6 3.0E-04 I 3.0E-04 H N Molybdenum 7439-98-7 N Nickel 7440-02-0 9.0E-05 A 2.0E-04 A 2.4E-04 I N Potassium 7440-09-7 N Selenium 7782-49-2 2.0E-02 C 2.0E-02 Cr N Sodium 7440-23-5 N Strontium 7440-24-6 N Thallium 7440-28-0 N Titanium 7440-32-6 1.0E-04 A N Vanadium 7440-62-2 1.0E-04 A 1.0E-04 A N Zinc 7440-66-6 N General Chemistry Alkalinity ALK N Bicarbonate Alkalinity ALKBICARB N Carbonate Alkalinity ALKCARB N Chloride 7647-14-5 N Methane 74-82-8 N Nitrate 14797-55-8 N pH PH N Sulfate 7757-82-6 N Sulfide 18496-25-8 N Total Dissolved Solids TDS N Total Organic Carbon TOC N Total Suspended Solids TSS N Notes: A - Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) Minimum Risk Level (MRL) C - California Environmental Protection Agency. CAMA - Coal Ash Management Act 2014, North Carolina Session Law 2014-122. Page 1 of 5 Haley & Aldrich, Inc. G:\42058_Duke\002\HH P RGs\201 6-01 04-HAI -Toxicity Factors.xlsx, Inhalation and Cancer 1/11/2016 TABLE 2-1 HUMAN HEALTH TOXICITY VALUES - CANCER AND INHALATiON NON -CANCER RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES DUKE ENERGY Chronic Subchronic Inhalation Inhalation Reference Reference Oral Dermal Concentration Concentration Cancer Slope Cancer Slope Inhalation RfC-i RfC-i Factor Factor Unit Risk CSF-o CSF-d IUR Constituent CAS mg/m3 REF mg/m3 REF 1/(mg/kg/day) REF 1/(mg/kg/day) REF 1/(Ng/m3) REF Mutagen CAS - Chemical Abstracts Service Cr - Chronic value. EN - Essential Nutrient. I - Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS). H - Health Effects Assessment Summary Tables (HEAST). J - New Jersey; as provided on the USEPA RSL table. mg/kg-day - Milligrams per kilograms body weigl Page 2 of 5 Haley & Aldrich, Inc. G:\42058_Duke\002\HH P RGs\201 6-01 04-HAI -Toxicity Factors.xlsx, Inhalation and Cancer 1/11/2016 TABLE 2-2 HUMAN HEALTH ORAL NONCANCER TOXICITY VALUES RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES DUKE ENERGY Page 3 of 5 Constituent CAS Chronic Oral Reference Dose RfD-o (mg/kg-day) REF Chronic Dermal Reference Dose RfD-d (mg/kg-day) REF USEPA Confidence Level Combined Uncertainty/ Modifying Factors Primary Target Critical Endpoint Subchronic Oral Reference Dose RfD-o (mg/kg-day) REF Subchronic Dermal Reference Dose RfD-d (mg/kg-day) REF USEPA Confidence Level Combined Uncertainty/ Modifying Factors Primary Target Critical Endpoint Metals Aluminum 7429-90-5 1.0E+00 P 1.0E+00 P Low 100 Neurological Neurological Toxicity 1.0E+00 A 1.0E+00 A NA 30 Neurological Neurological Toxicity Antimony 7440-36-0 4.0E-04 I 6.0E-05 I Low 1000 Mortality, Blood Longevity, blood glucose, and cholesterol 4.0E-04 P 6.0E-05 P Low 1000 Mortality, Blood Longevity, blood glucose, and cholesterol Hyperpigmentation, keratosis and possible Hyperpigmentation, keratosis and possible Arsenic 7440-38-2 3.0E-04 I 3.0E-04 I Medium 3 Skin, Vascular vascular complications 3.0E-04 Cr 3.0E-04 Cr Medium 3 Skin, Vascular vascular complications Barium 7440-39-3 2.0E-01 I 1.4E-02 I Medium 300 Kidney Nephropathy 2.0E-01 A 1.4E-02 A Medium 300 Kidney Nephropathy Beryllium 7440-41-7 2.0E-03 I 1.4E-05 I Low/Medium 300 Gastrointestinal Small intestinal lesions 5.0E-03 H 5.0E-03 H Low/Medium 300 Gastrointestinal Small intestinal lesions Boron 7440-42-8 2.0E-01 I 2.0E-01 I High 66 Developmental Decreased fetal weight (developmental) 2.0E-01 A 2.0E-01 A High 66 Developmental Decreased fetal weight (developmental) Cadmium 7440-43-9 1.0E-03 I 2.5E-05 I High 10 Kidney Significant proteinuria 1.0E-03 Cr 2.5E-05 Cr High 10 Kidney Significant proteinuria Calcium 7440-70-2 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 1.5E+00 I 2.0E-02 I Low 100 No effects observed No effects observed 1.5E+00 H 2.0E-02 H Low 100 No effects observed No effects observed Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 3.0E-03 I 7.5E-05 I Low 900 None reported None reported 5.0E-03 A 1.3E-04 A NA 100 Blood Microcytic, hypochromic anemia Chromium VI (hexavalent) (a) 18540-29-9 3.0E-03 I 7.5E-05 I Low 900 None reported None reported 5.0E-03 A 1.3E-04 A NA 100 Blood Microcytic, hypochromic anemia Chromium III 16065-83-1 1.5E+00 I 2.0E-02 I Low 100 None No effects observed 1.5E+00 H 2.0E-02 H Low 100 None No effects observed Cobalt 7440-48-4 3.0E-04 P 3.0E-04 P Low/Medium 3000 Thyroid Decreased iodine uptake 3.0E-03 P 3.0E-03 P Low/Medium 300 Thyroid Decreased iodine uptake Copper 7440-50-8 4.0E-02 H 4.0E-02 H NA NA Gastrointestinal Gastrointestinal system irritation 4.0E-02 Cr 4.0E-02 Cr NA NA Gastrointestinal Gastrointestinal system irritation Iron 7439-89-6 7.0E-01 P 7.0E-01 P NA NA Gastrointestinal Gastrointestinal toxicity 7.0E-01 P 7.0E-01 P NA NA Gastrointestinal Gastrointestinal toxicity Lead 7439-92-1 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Magnesium 7439-95-4 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA CNS Effects (Other Effect: Impairment of CNS Effects (Other Effect: Impairment of Manganese (b) 7439-96-5 1.4E-01 I 5.6E-03 I Medium 3 Neurological Neurobehavioral Function) 1.4E-01 H 5.6E-03 H Medium 3 Neurological Neurobehavioral Function) Mercury 7439-97-6 3.0E-04 1 2.1E-05 I High 1000 Immune Autoimmune 2.0E-03 A 1.4E-04 A NA 100 Kidney Renal effects Molybdenum 7439-98-7 5.0E-03 I 5.0E-03 I Medium 30 Urinary Increased uric acid levels 5.0E-03 H 5.0E-03 H Medium 30 Urinary Increased uric acid levels Nickel 7440-02-0 2.0E-02 I 8.0E-04 I Medium 300 General Decreased body and organ weights 2.0E-02 H 8.0E-04 H Medium 300 Decreased body and organ weights Potassium 7440-09-7 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Selenium 7782-49-2 5.0E-03 I 5.0E-03 I High 3 Skin, Nails, Hair,B Clinical selenosis 5.0E-03 H 5.0E-03 H High 3 Skin, Nails, Hair,B Clinical selenosis Sodium 7440-23-5 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Strontium 7440-24-6 6.0E-01 I 6.0E-01 I Medium 300 Musculoskeletal Rachitic bone 2.0E+00 A 2.0E+00 A NA 90 Musculoskeletal Skeletal toxicity Thallium 7440-28-0 1.0E-05 X 1.0E-05 X 3000 Hair Hair follicle atrophy 1.0E-05 X 1.0E-05 X 3000 Hair Hair follicle atrophy Titanium 7440-32-6 NA NA NA NA NA NA Hematological alterations and blood Vanadium 7440-62-2 5.0E-03 I 1.3E-04 I Low 100 Hair Decreased hair cystine 1.0E-02 A 1.0E-02 A NA 10 Blood pressure Decreases in erythrocyte Cu, Zn-superoxide Decreases in erythrocyte Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase (ESOD) activity in dismutase (ESOD) activity in Zinc 7440-66-6 3.0E-01 I 3.0E-01 I Medium/High 3 Blood healthy adult male and female volunteers 3.0E-01 A 3.0E-01 A NA 3 Blood healthy adult male and female volunteers General Chemistry Alkalinity ALK NA NA NA NA NA NA Bicarbonate Alkalinity ALKBICARB NA NA NA NA NA NA Carbonate Alkalinity ALKCARB NA NA NA NA NA NA Chloride 7647-14-5 NA NA NA NA NA NA Methane 74-82-8 NA NA NA NA NA NA Early clinical signs of methemoglobinemia in Early clinical signs of methemoglobinemia in excess of 10% (0-3 months old infants excess of 10% (0-3 months old infants Nitrate 14797-55-8 1.6E+00 I 1.6E+00 I High 1 Blood formula) 1.6E+00 Cr 1.6E+00 Cr High 1 Blood formula) pH PH NA NA NA NA NA NA Sulfate 7757-82-6 NA NA NA NA NA NA Sulfide 18496-25-8 NA NA NA NA NA NA Total Dissolved Solids TDS NA NA NA NA NA NA Total Organic Carbon TOC NA NA NA NA NA NA Total Suspended Solids TSS NA NA NA NA NA NA Haley & Aldrich, Inc. G:\42058_Duke\002\HH PRGs\2016-0104-HAI-Toxicity Factors.xlsx, Chronic Subch Oral Derm NC 1/11/2016 TABLE 2-2 HUMAN HEALTH ORAL NONCANCER TOXICITY VALUES RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES DUKE ENERGY Page 4 of 5 Subchronic Chronic Oral Chronic Dermal Subchronic Oral Dermal Reference Dose Reference Dose Combined Reference Dose Reference Dose Combined RfD-o RfD-d USEPA Uncertainty/ RfD-o RfD-d USEPA Uncertainty/ Confidence Modifying Confidence Modifying Constituent CAS (mg/kg-day) REF (mg/kg-day) REF Level Factors Primary Target Critical Endpoint (mg/kg-day) REF (mg/kg-day) REF Level Factors Primary Target Critical Endpoint Notes: A - Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) Minimum Risk Level (MRL) C - California Environmental Protection Agency. CAMA - Coal Ash Management Act 2014, North Carolina Session Law 2014-122. CAS - Chemical Abstracts Service Cr - Chronic value. EN - Essential Nutrient. I - Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS). H - Health Effects Assessment Summary Tables (HEAST). J - New Jersey; as provided on the USEPA RSL table. mg/kg-day - Milligrams per kilograms body weight per day. mg/m3 - Milligrams per cubic meter. N - No. P - Provisional Peer Reviewed Toxicity Value (PPRTV). REF - Reference. RSL - Risk -based Screening Level. ug/m3 - Micrograms per cubic Meter. USEPA - US Environmental Protection Agency. X - Provisional Peer Reviewed Toxicity Value (PPRTV) Appendix. Y - Yes. (a) - The basis of the draft oral cancer toxicity value used in the calculation of the RSL has been questioned by USEPA's Science Advisory Board. (b) - RfD for food used because manganese is expected to be present in a less bioavailable form in environmental media, particularly given the presence of iron which will reduce manganese absorption. Haley & Aldrich, Inc. G:\42055_Duke\002\HH PRGs\2016-0104-HAI-Toxicity Factors.xlsx, Chronic Subch Oral Derm NC 1 /11 /2016 Page 5 of 5 TABLE 2-3 DERMAL ABSORPTION FACTORS AND DERMAL PERMEABILITY CONSTANT; RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES DUKE ENERGY Constituent CAS Dermal Absorption Fraction (ABSd) (unitless) Dermal Permeability Constant (Kp) (cm/hr) (b) Metals Aluminum 7429-90-5 1.0E-03 Antimony 7440-36-0 1.0E-03 Arsenic 7440-38-2 0.03 1.0E-03 Barium 7440-39-3 1.0E-03 Beryllium 7440-41-7 1.0E-03 Boron 7440-42-8 1.0E-03 Cadmium 7440-43-9 0.001 1.0E-03 Calcium 7440-70-2 1.0E-03 Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 1.0E-03 Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 0.1 2.0E-03 Chromium III 16065-83-1 1.0E-03 Cobalt 7440-48-4 4.0E-04 Copper 7440-50-8 1.0E-03 Iron 7439-89-6 1.0E-03 Lead 7439-92-1 1.0E-04 Magnesium 7439-95-4 1.0E-03 Manganese 7439-96-5 1.0E-03 Mercury 7439-97-6 1.0E-03 Molybdenum 7439-98-7 1.0E-03 Nickel 7440-02-0 2.0E-04 Potassium 7440-09-7 2.0E-04 Selenium 7782-49-2 1.0E-03 Sodium 7440-23-5 6.0E-04 Strontium 7440-24-6 1.0E-03 Thallium 7440-28-0 1.0E-03 Titanium 7440-32-6 1.0E-03 Vanadium 7440-62-2 1.0E-03 Zinc 7440-66-6 6.0E-04 General Chemistry Alkalinity ALK NA Bicarbonate Alkalinity ALKBICARB NA Carbonate Alkalinity ALKCARB NA Chloride 7647-14-5 NA Methane 74-82-8 NA Nitrate 14797-55-8 1.0E-03 pH PH NA Sulfate 7757-82-6 NA Sulfide 18496-25-8 NA Total Dissolved Solids TDS NA Total Organic Carbon TOG NA Total Suspended Solids TSS NA Notes: ABS - absorption factor. CAMA - Coal Ash Management Act 2014. (a) - USEPA, 2004. Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund. Volume 1, Part E, Supplemental Guidance for Dermal Risk Assessment. Exhibit 4-1. Where USEPA, 2004 does not recommend adjustments, no value is listed. (b) - USEPA, 2004. Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund. Volume 1, Part E, Supplemental Guidance for Dermal Haley & Aldrich, Inc. G:\42058_Duke\002\HH PRGs\2016-0104-HAI-Toxicity Factors.xlsx, Dermal values (2) 1/11/2016 TABLE 2-4 WATER TO FISH BIOCONCENTRATION FACTORS (BCFs) USED IN THE FOOD CHAIN MODEL' RISK ASSESSMENT WORK PLAN FOR CAMA SITES DUKE ENERGY Analyte Chemical Abstract Number Bioconcentration Factor Reference Aluminum 7429-90-5 2.7 USEPA, 1999 Antimony 7440-36-0 40 USEPA, 1999 Arsenic 7440-38-2 114 USEPA, 1999 Barium 7440-39-3 633 USEPA, 1999 Beryllium 7440-41-7 62 USEPA, 1999 Boron 7440-42-8 0.3 WHO, 1998 Cadmium 7440-43-9 907 USEPA, 1999 Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 19 USEPA, 1999 Cobalt 7440-48-4 400 IAEA, 2012 Copper 7440-50-8 710 USEPA, 1999 Cyanide 57-12-5 633 USEPA, 1999 Lead 7439-92-1 0.1 USEPA, 1999 Lithium 7439-93-2 1 NCRP, 1996 Manganese 7439-96-5 2.4 IAEA, 2012 Mercury 7439-97-6 4500 IAEA, 2012 Nickel 7440-02-0 71 USEPA, 1999 Selenium 7782-49-2 1000 OEHHA, 2010 Silver 7440-22-4 87.7 USEPA, 1999 Strontium 7440-24-6 30 USNRC, 1977 Thallium 7440-28-0 190 USEPA, 1999 Uranium 7440-61-1 2.4 IAEA, 2012 Vanadium 7440-62-2 290 IAEA, 2012 Zinc 7440-66-6 2059 USEPA, 1999 'The values are typically the maximum value cited in the Reference. If the maximum value was not chosen (based on professional judgment), the value generally falls within the range cited in the scientific literature. 1of18 Table 4-1 Summary of Risk Based Concentrations Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Soil ON -SITE TRESPASSER - ADOLESCENT (AGE 6-<16) Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Dermal Contact Yes Particulate Inhalation Yes Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04 COPC - chemical of potential concern nc - Risk Based Concentration based on non -cancer hazard index c - Risk Based Concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicitv value available: Risk Based Concentration not calculated COPC CASRN Risk Based Concentration I Non -Cancer (mg/kg) Cancer (mg/kg) Final (mg/kg) Basis Aluminum 7429-90-5 3.6E+06 3.6E+06 nc Antimony 7440-36-0 1.4E+03 1.4E+03 nc Arsenic 7440-38-2 1.5E+03 2.4E+03 1.5E+03 nc Barium 7440-39-3 7.1E+05 7.1E+05 nc Beryllium 7440-41-7 7.1 E+03 8.7E+08 7.1 E+03 nc Boron 7440-42-8 7.1 E+05 7.1 E+05 nc Cadmium 7440-43-9 3.2E+03 1.2E+09 3.2E+03 nc Calcium 7440-70-2 NA Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 5.4E+06 5.4E+06 nc Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 1.1E+04 1.7E+03 1.7E+03 c Chromium III 16065-83-1 5.4E+06 5.4E+06 nc Cobalt 7440-48-4 1.1E+03 2.3E+08 1.1E+03 nc Copper 7440-50-8 1.4E+05 1.4E+05 nc Iron 7439-89-6 2.5E+06 2.5E+06 nc Lead 7439-92-1 4.0E+02 nc Magnesium 7439-95-4 NA Manganese 7439-96-5 5.0E+05 5.0E+05 nc Mercury 7439-97-6 1.1E+03 1.1E+03 nc Molybdenum 7439-98-7 1.8E+04 1.8E+04 nc Nickel 7440-02-0 7.1 E+04 8.7E+09 7.1 E+04 nc Potassium 7440-09-7 NA Selenium 7782-49-2 1.8E+04 1.8E+04 nc Sodium 7440-23-5 NA Strontium 7440-24-6 2.1E+06 2.1E+06 nc Thallium 7440-28-0 3.6E+01 3.6E+01 nc Titanium 7440-32-6 NA Vanadium 7440-62-2 1.8E+04 1.8E+04 nc Zinc 7440-66-6 1.1E+06 1.1E+06 nc Nitrate 14797-55-8 5.7E+06 5.7E+06 nc Sulfide 18496-25-8 NA 1/15/2016 2of18 ble 4-2 mmary of Risk Based Concentrations rivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment I -SITE TRESPASSER - ADOLESCENT (AGE 6-<16) uman Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites uke Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Dermal Contact Yes Particulate Inhalation No Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04 COPC - chemical of potential concern nc - Risk Based Concentration based on non -cancer hazard index c - Risk Based Concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicity value available; Risk Based Concentration not calculated COPC CASRN Risk Based Concentration I Non -Cancer (mg/kg) Cancer I (mg/kg) Final (mg/kg) Basis Aluminum 7429-90-5 3.6E+07 3.6E+07 nc Antimony 7440-36-0 1.4E+04 1.4E+04 nc Arsenic 7440-38-2 6.1 E+03 9.5E+03 6.1 E+03 nc Barium 7440-39-3 7.1 E+06 7.1 E+06 nc Beryllium 7440-41-7 7.1 E+04 7.1 E+04 nc Boron 7440-42-8 7.1 E+06 7.1 E+06 nc Cadmium 7440-43-9 1.4E+04 1.4E+04 nc Calcium 7440-70-2 NA Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 5.4E+07 5.4E+07 nc Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 1.1E+05 1.7E+04 1.7E+04 c Chromium III 16065-83-1 5.4E+07 5.4E+07 nc Cobalt 7440-48-4 1.1E+04 1.1E+04 nc Copper 7440-50-8 1.4E+06 1.4E+06 nc Iron 7439-89-6 2.5E+07 2.5E+07 nc Lead 7439-92-1 4.0E+02 nc Magnesium 7439-95-4 NA Manganese 7439-96-5 5.0E+06 5.0E+06 nc Mercury 7439-97-6 1.1E+04 1.1E+04 nc Molybdenum 7439-98-7 1.8E+05 1.8E+05 nc Nickel 7440-02-0 7.1 E+05 7.1 E+05 nc Potassium 7440-09-7 NA Selenium 7782-49-2 1.8E+05 1.8E+05 nc Sodium 7440-23-5 NA Strontium 7440-24-6 2.1 E+07 2.1 E+07 nc Thallium 7440-28-0 3.6E+02 3.6E+02 nc Titanium 7440-32-6 NA Vanadium 7440-62-2 1.8E+05 1.8E+05 nc Zinc 7440-66-6 1.1E+07 1.1E+07 nc Nitrate 14797-55-8 5.7E+07 5.7E+07 nc Sulfide 18496-25-8 NA 1/15/2016 3of18 Table 4-3 Summary of Risk Based Concentrations Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface Water & Seep Water ON -SITE TRESPASSER -ADOLESCENT (AGE 6-06) Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Dermal Contact Yes Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04 COPC - chemical of potential concern nc - Risk Based Concentration based on non -cancer hazard index c - Risk Based Concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicity value available; remedial not calculated COPC CASRN Risk Based Concentration Non -Cancer (mg/L) Cancer (mg/L) Final (mg/L) Basis Aluminum 7429-90-5 1.3E+04 1.3E+04 nc Antimony 7440-36-0 2.0E+00 2.0E+00 nc Arsenic 7440-38-2 3.9E+00 6.0E+00 3.9E+00 nc Barium 7440-39-3 5.5E+02 5.5E+02 nc Beryllium 7440-41-7 6.4E-01 6.4E-01 nc Boron 7440-42-8 2.6E+03 2.6E+03 nc Cadmium 7440-43-9 1.1 E+00 1.1 E+00 nc Calcium 7440-70-2 NA Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 8.8E+02 8.8E+02 nc Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 1.7E+00 2.6E-01 2.6E-01 c Chromium III 16065-83-1 8.8E+02 8.8E+02 nc Cobalt 7440-48-4 4.6E+00 4.6E+00 nc Copper 7440-50-8 5.2E+02 5.2E+02 nc Iron 7439-89-6 9.0E+03 9.0E+03 nc Lead 7439-92-1 1.5E-02 nc Magnesium 7439-95-4 NA Manganese 7439-96-5 2.4E+02 2.4E+02 nc Mercury 7439-97-6 8.3E-01 8.3E-01 nc Molybdenum 7439-98-7 6.5E+01 6.5E+01 nc Nickel 7440-02-0 1.2E+02 1.2E+02 nc Potassium 7440-09-7 NA Selenium 7782-49-2 6.5E+01 6.5E+01 nc Sodium 7440-23-5 NA Strontium 7440-24-6 7.7E+03 7.7E+03 nc Thallium 7440-28-0 NA Titanium 7440-32-6 NA Vanadium 7440-62-2 5.7E+00 5.7E+00 nc Zinc 7440-66-6 4.4E+03 4.4E+03 nc Nitrate 14797-55-8 2.1 E+04 2.1 E+04 nc Sulfide 18496-25-8 NA 1/15/2016 4of18 4-4 iary of Risk Based Concentrations ition of Risk Based Concentrations - Soil AERCIAL/INDUSTRIAL - COMMERCIAL WORKER (ADULT) n Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Dermal Contact Yes Particulate Inhalation Yes Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1E-04 COPC - chemical of potential concern nc - Risk Based Concentration based on non -cancer hazard index c - Risk Based Concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicitv value available: Risk Based Concentration not calculated COPC CASRN Risk Based Concentration I Non -Cancer (mg/kg) I Cancer (mg/kg) Final (mg/kg) Basis Aluminum 7429-90-5 1.2E+06 1.2E+06 nc Antimony 7440-36-0 4.7E+02 4.7E+02 nc Arsenic 7440-38-2 4.8E+02 3.0E+02 3.0E+02 c Barium 7440-39-3 2.3E+05 2.3E+05 nc Beryllium 7440-41-7 2.3E+03 3.1E+07 2.3E+03 nc Boron 7440-42-8 2.3E+05 2.3E+05 nc Cadmium 7440-43-9 1.0E+03 4.2E+07 1.0E+03 nc Calcium 7440-70-2 NA Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 1.8E+06 1.8E+06 nc Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 3.5E+03 6.5E+02 6.5E+02 c Chromium III 16065-83-1 1.8E+06 1.8E+06 nc Cobalt 7440-484 3.5E+02 8.3E+06 3.5E+02 nc Copper 7440-50-8 4.7E+04 4.7E+04 nc Iron 7439-89-6 8.2E+05 8.2E+05 nc Lead 7439-92-1 8.0E+02 nc Magnesium 7439-954 NA Manganese 7439-96-5 1.6E+05 1.6E+05 nc Mercury 7439-97-6 3.5E+02 3.5E+02 nc Molybdenum 7439-98-7 5.8E+03 5.8E+03 nc Nickel 7440-02-0 2.3E+04 3.1E+08 2.3E+04 nc Potassium 7440-09-7 NA Selenium 7782-49-2 5.8E+03 5.8E+03 nc Sodium 7440-23-5 NA Strontium 7440-24-6 7.0E+05 7.0E+05 nc Thallium 7440-28-0 1.2E+01 1.2E+01 nc Titanium 7440-32-6 NA Vanadium 7440-62-2 5.8E+03 5.8E+03 nc Zinc 7440-66-6 3.5E+05 3.5E+05 nc Nitrate 14797-55-8 1.9E+06 1.9E+06 nc Sulfide 18496-25-8 NA 1/15/2016 5of18 de 4-5 nmary of Risk Based Concentrations ivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment MMERCIAL/INDUSTRIAL - COMMERCIAL WORKER (ADULT) n Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Dermal Contact Yes Particulate Inhalation No Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1E+00 Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1E-04 COPC - chemical of potential concern nc - Risk Based Concentration based on non -cancer hazard index c - Risk Based Concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicity value available; Risk Based Concentration not calculated COPC CASRN Risk Based Concentration I Non -Cancer (mg/kg) I Cancer (mg/kg) Final I (mglkg) Basis Aluminum 7429-90-5 4.9E+08 4.9E+08 nc Antimony 7440-36-0 1.9E+05 1.9E+05 nc Arsenic 7440-38-2 1.5E+05 9.1E+04 9.1E+04 c Barium 7440-39-3 9.7E+07 9.7E+07 nc Beryllium 7440-41-7 9.7E+05 9.7E+05 nc Boron 7440-42-8 9.7E+07 9.7E+07 nc Cadmium 7440-43-9 3.2E+05 3.2E+05 nc Calcium 7440-70-2 NA Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 7.3E+08 7.3E+08 nc Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 1.5E+06 2.7E+05 2.7E+05 c Chromium III 16065-83-1 7.3E+08 7.3E+08 nc Cobalt 7440-48-4 1.5E+05 1.5E+05 nc Copper 7440-50-8 1.9E+07 1.9E+07 nc Iron 7439-89-6 3.4E+08 3.4E+08 nc Lead 7439-92-1 8.0E+02 nc Magnesium 7439-95-4 NA Manganese 7439-96-5 6.8E+07 6.8E+07 nc Mercury 7439-97-6 1.5E+05 1.5E+05 nc Molybdenum 7439-98-7 2.4E+06 2.4E+06 nc Nickel 7440-02-0 9.7E+06 9.7E+06 nc Potassium 7440-09-7 NA Selenium 778249-2 2.4E+06 2.4E+06 nc Sodium 7440-23-5 NA Strontium 7440-24-6 2.9E+08 2.9E+08 nc Thallium 7440-28-0 4.9E+03 4.9E+03 nc Titanium 7440-32-6 NA Vanadium 7440-62-2 2.4E+06 2.4E+06 nc Zinc 7440-66-6 1.5E+08 1.5E+08 nc Nitrate 14797-55-8 7.8E+08 7.8E+08 nc Sulfide 18496-25-8 NA 1/15/2016 6of18 Table 4-6 Summary of Risk Based Concentrations Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Seep Water COMMERCIAL/INDUSTRIAL - COMMERCIAL WORKER (ADULT) Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion No Dermal Contact Yes Ambient Vapor Inhalat No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04 COPC - chemical of potential concern nc - Risk Based Concentration based on non -cancer hazard index c - Risk Based Concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicitv value available; remedial not calculated COPC CASRN Risk Based Concentration Non -Cancer (mg/L) I Cancer (mg/L) I Final (mg/L) Basis Aluminum 7429-90-5 9.1 E+05 9.1 E+05 nc Antimony 7440-36-0 5.4E+01 5.4E+01 nc Arsenic 7440-38-2 2.7E+02 1.7E+02 1.7E+02 c Barium 7440-39-3 1.3E+04 1.3E+04 nc Beryllium 7440-41-7 1.3E+01 1.3E+01 nc Boron 7440-42-8 1.8E+05 1.8E+05 nc Cadmium 7440-43-9 2.3E+01 2.3E+01 nc Calcium 7440-70-2 NA Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 1.8E+04 1.8E+04 nc Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 3.4E+01 6.4E+00 6.4E+00 c Chromium III 16065-83-1 1.8E+04 1.8E+04 nc Cobalt 7440-48-4 6.8E+02 6.8E+02 nc Copper 7440-50-8 3.6E+04 3.6E+04 nc Iron 7439-89-6 6.4E+05 6.4E+05 nc Lead 7439-92-1 1.5E-02 nc Magnesium 7439-95-4 NA Manganese 7439-96-5 5.1 E+03 5.1 E+03 nc Mercury 7439-97-6 1.9E+01 1.9E+01 nc Molybdenum 7439-98-7 4.5E+03 4.5E+03 nc Nickel 7440-02-0 3.6E+03 3.6E+03 nc Potassium 7440-09-7 NA Selenium 7782-49-2 4.5E+03 4.5E+03 nc Sodium 7440-23-5 NA Strontium 7440-24-6 5.4E+05 5.4E+05 nc Thallium 7440-28-0 NA Titanium 7440-32-6 NA Vanadium 7440-62-2 1.2E+02 1.2E+02 nc Zinc 7440-66-6 4.5E+05 4.5E+05 nc Nitrate 14797-55-8 1.5E+06 1.5E+06 nc Sulfide 18496-25-8 NA 1/15/2016 7of18 Summary of Risk Based Concentrations Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Soil CONSTRUCTION - CONSTRUCTION WORKER (ADULT) Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy - chemical of potential concern Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Dermal Contact Yes Particulate Inhalation Yes Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 Taraet Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04 nc - Risk Based Concentration based on non -cancer hazard index c - Risk Based Concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicity value available; Risk Based Concentration not calculated COPC CASRN Risk Based Concentration I Non -Cancer (mg/kg) Cancer (mg/kg) I Final (mg/kg) Basis Aluminum /42U-JU-b l.bL+Ub Z.bL+Ub nc Antimony 7440-36-0 5.9E+02 5.9E+02 nc Arsenic 7440-38-2 6.4E+02 9.9E+03 6.4E+02 nc Barium 7440-39-3 2.9E+05 2.9E+05 nc Beryllium 7440-41-7 7.4E+03 1.6E+09 7.4E+03 nc Boron 7440-42-8 2.9E+05 2.9E+05 nc Cadmium 7440-43-9 1.3E+03 2.2E+09 1.3E+03 nc Calcium 7440-70-2 NA Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 2.2E+06 2.2E+06 nc Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 7.4E+03 2.1E+04 7.4E+03 nc Chromium III 16065-83-1 2.2E+06 2.2E+06 nc Cobalt 7440-48-4 4.4E+03 4.3E+08 4.4E+03 nc Copper 7440-50-8 5.9E+04 5.9E+04 nc Iron 7439-89-6 1.0E+06 1.0E+06 nc Lead 7439-92-1 NA Magnesium 7439-95-4 NA Manganese 7439-96-5 2.0E+05 2.0E+05 nc Mercury 7439-97-6 2.9E+03 2.9E+03 nc Molybdenum 7439-98-7 7.4E+03 7.4E+03 nc Nickel 7440-02-0 2.9E+04 1.6E+10 2.9E+04 nc Potassium 7440-09-7 NA Selenium 7782-49-2 7.4E+03 7.4E+03 nc Sodium 7440-23-5 NA Strontium 7440-24-6 2.9E+06 2.9E+06 nc Thallium 7440-28-0 NA Titanium 7440-32-6 NA Vanadium 7440-62-2 1.5E+04 1.5E+04 nc Zinc 7440-66-6 4.4E+05 4.4E+05 nc Nitrate 14797-55-8 2.4E+06 2.4E+06 nc Sulfide 18496-25-8 NA 1/15/2016 8of18 Table 4-8 Summary of Risk Based Concentrations Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Groundwater CONSTRUCTION - CONSTRUCTION WORKER (ADULT) Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Dermal Contact Yes Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04 COPC - chemical of potential concern nc - Risk Based Concentration based on non -cancer hazard index c - Risk Based Concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicitv value available; remedial not calculated COPC CASRN Risk Based Concentration Non -Cancer (mg/L) Cancer (mg/L) Final (mg/L) Basis Aluminum 7429-90-5 9.6E+04 9.6E+04 nc Antimony 7440-36-0 1.7E+01 1.7E+01 nc Arsenic 7440-38-2 2.9E+01 4.5E+02 2.9E+01 nc Barium 7440-39-3 5.0E+03 5.0E+03 nc Beryllium 7440-41-7 4.8E+02 4.8E+02 nc Boron 7440-42-8 1.9E+04 1.9E+04 nc Cadmium 7440-43-9 1.0E+01 1.0E+01 nc Calcium 7440-70-2 NA Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 8.6E+03 8.6E+03 nc Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 2.8E+01 7.6E+01 2.8E+01 nc Cobalt 7440-48-4 3.3E+02 3.3E+02 nc Copper 7440-50-8 3.8E+03 3.8E+03 nc Iron 7439-89-6 6.7E+04 6.7E+04 nc Lead 7439-92-1 NA Manganese 7439-96-5 2.2E+03 2.2E+03 nc Mercury 7439-97-6 5.0E+01 5.0E+01 nc Molybdenum 7439-98-7 4.8E+02 4.8E+02 nc Nickel 7440-02-0 1.0E+03 1.0E+03 nc Potassium 7440-09-7 NA Selenium 7782-49-2 4.8E+02 4.8E+02 nc Sodium 7440-23-5 NA Strontium 7440-24-6 1.9E+05 1.9E+05 nc Thallium 7440-28-0 NA Titanium 7440-32-6 NA Vanadium 7440-62-2 9.6E+02 9.6E+02 nc Zinc 7440-66-6 3.1 E+04 3.1 E+04 nc Nitrate 14797-55-8 1.5E+05 1.5E+05 nc Sulfide 18496-25-8 NA 1/15/2016 9of18 Table 4-9 Summary of Risk Based Concentrations Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment OFF -SITE RECREATIONAL SWIMMER - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Dermal Contact Yes Particulate Inhalation No Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04 COPC - chemical of potential concern nc - Risk Based Concentration based on non -cancer hazard index c - Risk Based Concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicitv value available: Risk Based Concentration not calculated COPC CASRN Risk Based Concentration Non -Cancer (mg/kg) Cancer (mg/kg) I Final (mg/kg) Basis Aluminum 7429-90-5 1.2E+07 1.2E+07 nc Antimony 7440-36-0 4.9E+03 4.9E+03 nc Arsenic 7440-38-2 1.5E+03 1.4E+03 1.4E+03 c Barium 7440-39-3 2.4E+06 2.4E+06 nc Beryllium 7440-41-7 2.4E+04 2.4E+04 nc Boron 744042-8 2.4E+06 2.4E+06 nc Cadmium 7440-43-9 3.4E+03 3.4E+03 nc Calcium 7440-70-2 NA Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 1.8E+07 1.8E+07 nc Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 3.7E+04 3.9E+03 3.9E+03 c Chromium III 16065-83-1 1.8E+07 1.8E+07 nc Cobalt 7440-48-4 3.7E+03 3.7E+03 nc Copper 7440-50-8 4.9E+05 4.9E+05 nc Iron 7439-89-6 8.5E+06 8.5E+06 nc Lead 7439-92-1 4.0E+02 nc Magnesium 7439-954 NA Manganese 7439-96-5 1.7E+06 1.7E+06 nc Mercury 7439-97-6 3.7E+03 3.7E+03 nc Molybdenum 7439-98-7 6.1E+04 6.1E+04 nc Nickel 7440-02-0 2.4E+05 2.4E+05 nc Potassium 7440-09-7 NA Selenium 778249-2 6.1E+04 6.1E+04 nc Sodium 7440-23-5 NA Strontium 7440-24-6 7.3E+06 7.3E+06 nc Thallium 7440-28-0 1.2E+02 1.2E+02 nc Titanium 7440-32-6 NA Vanadium 7440-62-2 6.1E+04 6.1E+04 nc Zinc 7440-66-6 3.7E+06 3.7E+06 nc Nitrate 14797-55-8 1.9E+07 1.9E+07 nc Sulfide 18496-25-8 NA 1/15/2016 10 of 18 Table 4-10 Summary of Risk Based Concentrations Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface Water OFF -SITE RECREATIONAL SWIMMER - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Dermal Contact Yes Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04 COPC - chemical of potential concern nc - Risk Based Concentration based on non -cancer hazard index c - Risk Based Concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicitv value available: remedial not calculated COPC CASRN Risk Based Concentration Non -Cancer (mg/L) Cancer (mg/L) I Final (mg/L) Basis Aluminum 7429-90-5 1.1E+03 1.1E+03 nc Antimony 7440-36-0 2.6E-01 2.6E-01 nc Arsenic 7440-38-2 3.2E-01 4.1 E-01 3.2E-01 nc Barium 7440-39-3 8.6E+01 8.6E+01 nc Beryllium 7440-41-7 1.3E-01 1.3E-01 nc Boron 7440-42-8 2.2E+02 2.2E+02 nc Cadmium 7440-43-9 2.0E-01 2.0E-01 nc Calcium 7440-70-2 NA Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 1.7E+02 1.7E+02 nc Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 3.3E-01 2.0E-02 2.0E-02 c Chromium III 16065-83-1 1.7E+02 1.7E+02 nc Cobalt 7440-48-4 3.5E-01 3.5E-01 nc Copper 7440-50-8 4.3E+01 4.3E+01 nc Iron 7439-89-6 7.6E+02 7.6E+02 nc Lead 7439-92-1 1.5E-02 nc Magnesium 7439-95-4 NA Manganese 7439-96-5 4.1 E+01 4.1 E+01 nc Mercury 7439-97-6 1.3E-01 1.3E-01 nc Molybdenum 7439-98-7 5.4E+00 5.4E+00 nc Nickel 7440-02-0 1.5E+01 1.5E+01 nc Potassium 7440-09-7 NA Selenium 7782-49-2 5.4E+00 5.4E+00 nc Sodium 7440-23-5 NA Strontium 7440-24-6 6.5E+02 6.5E+02 nc Thallium 7440-28-0 NA Titanium 7440-32-6 NA Vanadium 7440-62-2 1.0E+00 1.0E+00 nc Zinc 7440-66-6 3.4E+02 3.4E+02 nc Nitrate 14797-55-8 1.7E+03 1.7E+03 nc Sulfide 18496-25-8 NA 1/15/2016 11 of 18 e 4-11 imary of Risk Based Concentrations vation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment -SITE RECREATIONAL WADER - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT man Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites ke Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Dermal Contact Yes Particulate Inhalation No Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1E+00 Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04 COPC - chemical of potential concern nc - Risk Based Concentration based on non -cancer hazard index c - Risk Based Concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicity value available; Risk Based Concentration not calculated COPC CASRN Risk Based Concentration Non -Cancer (mg/kg) I Cancer (mg/kg) Final (mg/kg) Basis Aluminum 7429-90-5 1.2E+07 1.2E+07 nc Antimony 7440-36-0 4.9E+03 4.9E+03 nc Arsenic 7440-38-2 3.2E+03 3.6E+03 3.2E+03 nc Barium 7440-39-3 2.4E+06 2.4E+06 nc Beryllium 7440-41-7 2.4E+04 2.4E+04 nc Boron 7440-42-8 2.4E+06 2.4E+06 nc Cadmium 7440-43-9 7.1E+03 7.1E+03 nc Calcium 7440-70-2 NA Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 1.8E+07 1.8E+07 nc Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 3.7E+04 3.9E+03 3.9E+03 c Chromium III 16065-83-1 1.8E+07 1.8E+07 nc Cobalt 7440-48-4 3.7E+03 3.7E+03 nc Copper 7440-50-8 4.9E+05 4.9E+05 nc Iron 7439-89-6 8.5E+06 8.5E+06 nc Lead 7439-92-1 4.0E+02 nc Magnesium 7439-95-4 NA Manganese 7439-96-5 1.7E+06 1.7E+06 nc Mercury 7439-97-6 3.7E+03 3.7E+03 nc Molybdenum 7439-98-7 6.1 E+04 6.1 E+04 nc Nickel 7440-02-0 2.4E+05 2.4E+05 nc Potassium 7440-09-7 NA Selenium 7782-49-2 6.1 E+04 6.1 E+04 nc Sodium 7440-23-5 NA Strontium 7440-24-6 7.3E+06 7.3E+06 nc Thallium 7440-28-0 1.2E+02 1.2E+02 nc Titanium 7440-32-6 NA Vanadium 7440-62-2 6.1 E+04 6.1 E+04 nc Zinc 7440-66-6 3.7E+06 3.7E+06 nc Nitrate 14797-55-8 1.9E+07 1.9E+07 nc Sulfide 18496-25-8 NA 1/15/2016 12 of 18 Table 4-12 Summary of Risk Based Concentrations Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface Water OFF -SITE RECREATIONAL WADER - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Dermal Contact Yes Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04 COPC - chemical of potential concern nc - Risk Based Concentration based on non -cancer hazard index c - Risk Based Concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicitv value available: remedial not calculated COPC CASRN Risk Based Concentration Non -Cancer (mg/L) I Cancer (mg/L) Final (mg/L) Basis Aluminum 7429-90-5 1.2E+03 1.2E+03 nc Antimony 7440-36-0 3.9E-01 3.9E-01 nc Arsenic 7440-38-2 3.5E-01 7.3E-01 3.5E-01 nc Barium 7440-39-3 1.6E+02 1.6E+02 nc Beryllium 7440-41-7 4.0E-01 4.0E-01 nc Boron 7440-42-8 2.4E+02 2.4E+02 nc Cadmium 7440-43-9 5.0E-01 5.0E-01 nc Calcium 7440-70-2 NA Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 4.9E+02 4.9E+02 nc Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 9.5E-01 8.3E-02 8.3E-02 c Chromium III 16065-83-1 4.9E+02 4.9E+02 nc Cobalt 7440-48-4 3.6E-01 3.6E-01 nc Copper 7440-50-8 4.7E+01 4.7E+01 nc Iron 7439-89-6 8.2E+02 8.2E+02 nc Lead 7439-92-1 1.5E-02 nc Magnesium 7439-95-4 NA Manganese 7439-96-5 9.0E+01 9.0E+01 nc Mercury 7439-97-6 2.4E-01 2.4E-01 nc Molybdenum 7439-98-7 5.9E+00 5.9E+00 nc Nickel 7440-02-0 2.1 E+01 2.1 E+01 nc Potassium 7440-09-7 NA Selenium 7782-49-2 5.9E+00 5.9E+00 nc Sodium 7440-23-5 NA Strontium 7440-24-6 7.1 E+02 7.1 E+02 nc Thallium 7440-28-0 NA Titanium 7440-32-6 NA Vanadium 7440-62-2 2.6E+00 2.6E+00 nc Zinc 7440-66-6 3.6E+02 3.6E+02 nc Nitrate 14797-55-8 1.9E+03 1.9E+03 nc Sulfide 18496-25-8 NA 1/15/2016 13 of 18 Table 4-13 Summary of Risk Based Concentrations Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment OFF -SITE RECREATIONAL BOATER - OFF -SITE RECREATIONAL BOATER (ADULT) Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Dermal Contact Yes Particulate Inhalation No Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1E-04 COPC - chemical of potential concern nc - Risk Based Concentration based on non -cancer hazard index c - Risk Based Concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicitv value available: Risk Based Concentration not calculated COPC CASRN Risk Based Concentration I Non -Cancer (mg/kg) Cancer I(mg/kg) Final (mg/kg) Basis Aluminum 7429-90-5 1.3E+08 1.3E+08 nc Antimony 7440-36-0 5.2E+04 5.2E+04 nc Arsenic 7440-38-2 9.6E+03 1.5E+04 9.6E+03 nc Barium 7440-39-3 2.6E+07 2.6E+07 nc Beryllium 7440-41-7 2.6E+05 2.6E+05 nc Boron 7440-42-8 2.6E+07 2.6E+07 nc Cadmium 7440-43-9 2.3E+04 2.3E+04 nc Calcium 7440-70-2 NA Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 1.9E+08 1.9E+08 nc Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 3.9E+05 1.8E+05 1.8E+05 c Chromium III 16065-83-1 1.9E+08 1.9E+08 nc Cobalt 7440-48-4 3.9E+04 3.9E+04 nc Copper 7440-50-8 5.2E+06 5.2E+06 nc Iron 7439-89-6 9.1 E+07 9.1 E+07 nc Lead 7439-92-1 4.0E+02 nc Magnesium 7439-95-4 NA Manganese 7439-96-5 1.8E+07 1.8E+07 nc Mercury 7439-97-6 3.9E+04 3.9E+04 nc Molybdenum 7439-98-7 6.5E+05 6.5E+05 nc Nickel 7440-02-0 2.6E+06 2.6E+06 nc Potassium 7440-09-7 NA Selenium 7782-49-2 6.5E+05 6.5E+05 nc Sodium 7440-23-5 NA Strontium 7440-24-6 7.8E+07 7.8E+07 nc Thallium 7440-28-0 1.3E+03 1.3E+03 nc Titanium 7440-32-6 NA Vanadium 7440-62-2 6.5E+05 6.5E+05 nc Zinc 7440-66-6 3.9E+07 3.9E+07 nc Nitrate 14797-55-8 2.1 E+08 2.1 E+08 nc Sulfide 18496-25-8 NA 1/15/2016 14 of 18 Table 4-14 Summary of Risk Based Concentrations Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface Water OFF -SITE RECREATIONAL BOATER - RECREATIONAL BOATER (ADULT) Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion No Dermal Contact Yes Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04 COPC - chemical of potential concern nc - Risk Based Concentration based on non -cancer hazard index c - Risk Based Concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicitv value available: remedial not calculated COPC CASRN Risk Based Concentration I Non -Cancer (mg/L) I Cancer (mg/L) Final (mg/L) I Basis Aluminum 7429-90-5 5.6E+04 5.6E+04 nc Antimony 7440-36-0 3.4E+00 3.4E+00 nc Arsenic 7440-38-2 1.7E+01 2.6E+01 1.7E+01 nc Barium 7440-39-3 7.8E+02 7.8E+02 nc Beryllium 7440-41-7 7.8E-01 7.8E-01 nc Boron 7440-42-8 1.1 E+04 1.1 E+04 nc Cadmium 7440-43-9 1.4E+00 1.4E+00 nc Calcium 7440-70-2 NA Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 1.1E+03 1.1E+03 nc Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 2.1 E+00 9.8E-01 9.8E-01 c Chromium III 16065-83-1 1.1E+03 1.1E+03 nc Cobalt 7440-48-4 4.2E+01 4.2E+01 nc Copper 7440-50-8 2.2E+03 2.2E+03 nc Iron 7439-89-6 3.9E+04 3.9E+04 nc Lead 7439-92-1 1.5E-02 nc Magnesium 7439-95-4 NA Manganese 7439-96-5 3.1 E+02 3.1 E+02 nc Mercury 7439-97-6 1.2E+00 1.2E+00 nc Molybdenum 7439-98-7 2.8E+02 2.8E+02 nc Nickel 7440-02-0 2.2E+02 2.2E+02 nc Potassium 7440-09-7 NA Selenium 7782-49-2 2.8E+02 2.8E+02 nc Sodium 7440-23-5 NA Strontium 7440-24-6 3.4E+04 3.4E+04 nc Thallium 7440-28-0 NA Titanium 7440-32-6 NA Vanadium 7440-62-2 7.3E+00 7.3E+00 nc Zinc 7440-66-6 2.8E+04 2.8E+04 nc Nitrate 14797-55-8 9.0E+04 9.0E+04 nc Sulfide 18496-25-8 NA 1/15/2016 15 of 18 e 4-15 mary of Risk Based Concentrations cation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment REATIONAL FISHER - OFF -SITE RECREATIONAL FISHER (ADULT) n Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Dermal Contact Yes Particulate Inhalation No Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04 COPC - chemical of potential concern nc - Risk Based Concentration based on non -cancer hazard index c - Risk Based Concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicitv value available: Risk Based Concentration not calculated COPC CASRN Risk Based Concentration I Non -Cancer (mg/kg) I Cancer (mg/kg) Final (mg/kg) Basis Aluminum 7429-90-5 1.3E+08 1.3E+08 nc Antimony 7440-36-0 5.2E+04 5.2E+04 nc Arsenic 7440-38-2 9.6E+03 1.5E+04 9.6E+03 nc Barium 7440-39-3 2.6E+07 2.6E+07 nc Beryllium 7440-41-7 2.6E+05 2.6E+05 nc Boron 7440-42-8 2.6E+07 2.6E+07 nc Cadmium 7440-43-9 2.3E+04 2.3E+04 nc Calcium 7440-70-2 NA Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 1.9E+08 1.9E+08 nc Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 3.9E+05 1.8E+05 1.8E+05 c Chromium III 16065-83-1 1.9E+08 1.9E+08 nc Cobalt 7440-484 3.9E+04 3.9E+04 nc Copper 7440-50-8 5.2E+06 5.2E+06 nc Iron 7439-89-6 9.1E+07 9.1E+07 nc Lead 7439-92-1 8.0E+02 nc Magnesium 7439-954 NA Manganese 7439-96-5 1.8E+07 1.8E+07 nc Mercury 7439-97-6 3.9E+04 3.9E+04 nc Molybdenum 7439-98-7 6.5E+05 6.5E+05 nc Nickel 7440-02-0 2.6E+06 2.6E+06 nc Potassium 7440-09-7 NA Selenium 7782-49-2 6.5E+05 6.5E+05 nc Sodium 7440-23-5 NA Strontium 7440-24-6 7.8E+07 7.8E+07 nc Thallium 7440-28-0 1.3E+03 1.3E+03 nc Titanium 7440-32-6 NA Vanadium 7440-62-2 6.5E+05 6.5E+05 nc Zinc 7440-66-6 3.9E+07 3.9E+07 nc Nitrate 14797-55-8 2.1E+08 2.1E+08 nc Sulfide 18496-25-8 NA 1/15/2016 16 of 18 Table 4-16 Summary of Risk Based Concentrations Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface Water OFF -SITE RECREATIONAL FISHER - RECREATIONAL FISHER (ADULT) Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion No Dermal Contact Yes Ambient Vapor Inhalat No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04 COPC - chemical of potential concern nc - Risk Based Concentration based on non -cancer hazard index c - Risk Based Concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicitv value available; remedial not calculated COPC CASRN Risk Based Concentration Non -Cancer (mg/L) Cancer I (mg/L) Final I (mg/L) Basis Aluminum 7429-90-5 5.6E+04 5.6E+04 nc Antimony 7440-36-0 3.4E+00 3.4E+00 nc Arsenic 7440-38-2 1.7E+01 2.6E+01 1.7E+01 nc Barium 7440-39-3 7.8E+02 7.8E+02 nc Beryllium 7440-41-7 7.8E-01 7.8E-01 nc Boron 7440-42-8 1.1E+04 1.1E+04 nc Cadmium 7440-43-9 1.4E+00 1.4E+00 nc Calcium 7440-70-2 NA Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 1.1E+03 1.1E+03 nc Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 2.1E+00 9.8E-01 9.8E-01 c Chromium III 16065-83-1 1.1E+03 1.1E+03 nc Cobalt 7440-48-4 4.2E+01 4.2E+01 nc Copper 7440-50-8 2.2E+03 2.2E+03 nc Iron 7439-89-6 3.9E+04 3.9E+04 nc Lead 7439-92-1 1.5E-02 nc Magnesium 7439-95-4 NA Manganese 7439-96-5 3.1 E+02 3.1 E+02 nc Mercury 7439-97-6 1.2E+00 1.2E+00 nc Molybdenum 7439-98-7 2.8E+02 2.8E+02 nc Nickel 7440-02-0 2.2E+02 2.2E+02 nc Potassium 7440-09-7 NA Selenium 7782-49-2 2.8E+02 2.8E+02 nc Sodium 7440-23-5 NA Strontium 7440-24-6 3.4E+04 3.4E+04 nc Thallium 7440-28-0 NA Titanium 7440-32-6 NA Vanadium 7440-62-2 7.3E+00 7.3E+00 nc Zinc 7440-66-6 2.8E+04 2.8E+04 nc Nitrate 14797-55-8 9.0E+04 9.0E+04 nc Sulfide 18496-25-8 NA 1/15/2016 17 of 18 Table 4-17 Summary of Risk Based Concentrations Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Biota Off -Site Fisher - OFF -SITE FISHER - RECREATIONAL (ADULT AND ADOLESCENT) Exposure Routes EvalL Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Ingestion Duke Energy Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) Target Cancer Risk(per Chemical COPC - chemical of potential concern nc - Risk Based Concentration based on non -cancer hazard index BCF - Bioconcentration Factor [a] - Cancer -based RBCs incorporates ADAF of 3 for z c - Risk Based Concentration based on cam NA - no toxicitv value available: Risk Based Concentration not calculat Surface water RBC = Fish Tissue RBC / BCF Risk Based Concentration - Fish Tissue Lowest Non- Lowest Cancer BCF Risk Based Concentration - Si Adult Adolescent Non -Cancer Cancer Final Basis Non -Cancer Cancer Final Basis Non -Cancer Cancer Final COPC CASRN Cancer RBC (unitless) (mg/kg) (mg/kg) (mg/kg) (mg/kg) (mg/kg) (mg/kg) RBC Value Value (mg/L) (mg/kg) (mg/L) Aluminum 7429-9U-5 4.6E+03 4.6E+U3 nc 5.8E+03 5.dE+03 nc 4.6E+U3 2.1 1.[E+U3 1.(E+U3 Antimony 7440-36-0 1.8E+00 1.8E+00 nc 2.3E+00 2.3E+00 nc 1.8E+00 40 4.6E-02 4.6E-02 Arsenic 7440-38-2 1.4E+00 2.1 E+00 1.4E+00 nc 1.7E+00 2.7E+00 1.7E+00 nc 1.4E+00 2.1 E+00 114 1.2E-02 1.8E-02 1.2E-02 Barium 7440-39-3 9.1 E+02 9.1 E+02 nc 1.2E+03 1.2E+03 nc 9.1 E+02 633 1.4E+00 1.4E+00 Beryllium 744041-7 9.1 E+00 9.1 E+00 nc 1.2E+01 1.2E+01 nc 9.1 E+00 62 1.5E-01 1.5E-01 Boron 744042-8 9.1 E+02 9.1 E+02 nc 1.2E+03 1.2E+03 nc 9.1 E+02 0.3 3.0E+03 3.0E+03 Cadmium 744043-9 4.6E+00 4.6E+00 nc 5.8E+00 5.8E+00 nc 4.6E+00 907 5.0E-03 5.0E-03 Calcium 7440-70-2 NA NA NA NA NA NA Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 6.9E+03 6.9E+03 nc 8.7E+03 8.7E+03 nc 6.9E+03 19 3.6E+02 3.6E+02 Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 1.4E+01 6.4E+00 6.4E+00 c 1.7E+01 2.7E+00 2.7E+00 c 2.7E+00 2.7E+00 NA NA NA NA Chromium III 16065-83-1 6.9E+03 6.9E+03 nc 8.7E+03 8.7E+03 nc 6.9E+03 19 3.6E+02 3.6E+02 Cobalt 7440-48-4 1.4E+00 1.4E+00 nc 1.7E+00 1.7E+00 nc 1.4E+00 400 3.4E-03 3.4E-03 Copper 7440-50-8 1.8E+02 1.8E+02 nc 2.3E+02 2.3E+02 nc 1.8E+02 710 2.6E-01 2.6E-01 Iron 7439-89-6 3.2E+03 3.2E+03 nc 4.1E+03 4.1E+03 nc 3.2E+03 NA NA NA Lead 7439-92-1 NA NA NA 0.1 3.9E+01 3.9E+01 Magnesium 7439-95-4 NA NA NA NA NA NA Manganese 7439-96-5 6.4E+02 6.4E+02 nc 8.1E+02 8.1E+02 nc 6.4E+02 2.4 2.7E+02 2.7E+02 Mercury 7439-97-6 1.4E+00 1.4E+00 nc 1.7E+00 1.7E+00 nc 1.4E+00 4500 3.0E-04 3.0E-04 Molybdenum 7439-98-7 2.3E+01 2.3E+01 nc 2.9E+01 2.9E+01 nc 2.3E+01 NA NA NA Nickel 7440-02-0 9.1 E+01 9.1 E+01 nc 1.2E+02 1.2E+02 nc 9.1 E+01 71 1.3E+00 1.3E+00 Potassium 7440-09-7 NA NA NA NA NA NA Selenium 7782-49-2 2.3E+01 2.3E+01 nc 2.9E+01 2.9E+01 nc 2.3E+01 1000 2.3E-02 2.3E-02 Sodium 7440-23-5 NA NA NA NA NA NA Strontium 7440-24-6 2.7E+03 2.7E+03 nc 3.5E+03 3.5E+03 nc 2.7E+03 30 9.1 E+01 9.1 E+01 Thallium 7440-28-0 4.6E-02 4.6E-02 nc 5.8E-02 5.8E-02 nc 4.6E-02 190 2.4E-04 2.4E-04 Titanium 7440-32-6 NA NA NA NA NA NA Vanadium 7440-62-2 2.3E+01 2.3E+01 nc 2.9E+01 2.9E+01 nc 2.3E+01 290 7.9E-02 7.9E-02 Zinc 7440-66-6 1.4E+03 1.4E+03 nc 1.7E+03 1.7E+03 nc 1.4E+03 2059 6.7E-01 6.7E-01 Nitrate 14797-55-8 7.3E+03 7.3E+03 nc 9.3E+03 9.3E+03 nc 7.3E+03 NA NA NA Sulfide 18496-25-8 NA NA NA NA NA NA 1/15/2016 18 of 18 mmary of Risk Based Concentrations rivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Biota -Site Fisher - OFF -SITE FISHER - SUBSISTENCE )ULT AND CHILD) man Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites ke Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated Ingestion Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) COPC - chemical of potential concern nc - Risk Based Concentration based on non -cancer hazard index BCF - Bioconcentration Factor [a] - Cancer -based RBCs incorporates ADAF of 10 for child. c - Risk Based Concentration based on cancer NA - no toxicity value available; Risk Based Concentration not calculat, Surface water RBC = Fish Tissue RBC / BCF Risk Based Concentration - Fish Tissue Lowest Risk Based Concentration - Surface V1 Lowest Adult Child Non- BCF Cancer ased Con cen Cancer Final Basis Non -Cancer Cancer Final Basis Non -Cancer Cancer Final COPC CASRN Cancer (unitless) (mg/kg) (mg/kg) (mg/kg) (mg/kg) (mg/kg) (mg/kg) RBC Value RBC Value (mg/L) (mg/kg) (mg/L) Aluminum 7429-90-5 4.7E+02 4.7E+02 nc 1.5E+02 1.5E+02 nc 1.5E+02 2.7 5.7E+01 5.7E+01 Antimony 7440-36-0 1.9E-01 1.9E-01 nc 6.1 E-02 6.1 E-02 nc 6.1 E-02 40 1.5E-03 1.5E-03 Arsenic 7440-38-2 1.4E-01 2.2E-01 1.4E-01 nc 4.6E-02 1.2E-01 4.6E-02 nc 4.6E-02 1.2E-01 114 4.0E-04 1.1E-03 4.0E-04 Barium 7440-39-3 9.4E+01 9.4E+01 nc 3.1E+01 3.1E+01 nc 3.1E+01 633 4.8E-02 4.8E-02 Beryllium 744041-7 9.4E-01 9.4E-01 nc 3.1E-01 3.1E-01 nc 3.1E-01 62 4.9E-03 4.9E-03 Boron 744042-8 9.4E+01 9.4E+01 nc 3.1E+01 3.1E+01 nc 3.1E+01 0.3 1.0E+02 1.0E+02 Cadmium 744043-9 4.7E-01 4.7E-01 nc 1.5E-01 1.5E-01 nc 1.5E-01 907 1.7E-04 1.7E-04 Calcium 7440-70-2 NA NA NA NA NA NA Chromium, Total 744047-3 7.1E+02 7.1E+02 nc 2.3E+02 2.3E+02 nc 2.3E+02 19 1.2E+01 1.2E+01 Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 1.4E+00 6.6E-01 6.6E-01 c 4.6E-01 3.6E-02 3.6E-02 c 4.6E-01 3.6E-02 NA NA NA NA Chromium III 16065-83-1 7.1E+02 7.1E+02 nc 2.3E+02 2.3E+02 nc 2.3E+02 19 1.2E+01 1.2E+01 Cobalt 7440484 1.4E-01 1.4E-01 nc 4.6E-02 4.6E-02 nc 4.6E-02 400 1.1E-04 1.1 E-04 Copper 7440-50-8 1.9E+01 1.9E+01 nc 6.1E+00 6.1E+00 nc 6.1E+00 710 8.6E-03 8.6E-03 Iron 7439-89-6 3.3E+02 3.3E+02 nc 1.1E+02 1.1E+02 nc 1.1E+02 NA NA NA Lead 7439-92-1 NA NA NA 0.1 4.0E+00 4.0E+00 Magnesium 7439-954 NA NA NA NA NA NA Manganese 7439-96-5 6.6E+01 6.6E+01 nc 2.1E+01 2.1E+01 nc 2.1E+01 2.4 8.9E+00 8.9E+00 Mercury 7439-97-6 1.4E-01 1.4E-01 nc 4.6E-02 4.6E-02 nc 4.6E-02 4500 1.0E-05 1.0E-05 Molybdenum 7439-98-7 2.4E+00 2.4E+00 nc 7.7E-01 7.7E-01 nc 7.7E-01 NA NA NA Nickel 7440-02-0 9.4E+00 9.4E+00 nc 3.1E+00 3.1E+00 nc 3.1E+00 71 4.3E-02 4.3E-02 Potassium 7440-09-7 NA NA NA NA NA NA Selenium 778249-2 2.4E+00 2.4E+00 nc 7.7E-01 7.7E-01 nc 7.7E-01 1000 7.7E-04 7.7E-04 Sodium 7440-23-5 NA NA NA NA NA NA Strontium 7440-24-6 2.8E+02 2.8E+02 nc 9.2E+01 9.2E+01 nc 9.2E+01 30 3.1E+00 3.1E+00 Thallium 7440-28-0 4.7E-03 4.7E-03 nc 1.5E-03 1.5E-03 nc 1.5E-03 190 8.1E-06 8.1E-06 Titanium 7440-32-6 NA NA NA NA NA NA Vanadium 7440-62-2 2.4E+00 2.4E+00 nc 7.7E-01 7.7E-01 nc 7.7E-01 290 2.6E-03 2.6E-03 Zinc 7440-66-6 1.4E+02 1.4E+02 nc 4.6E+01 4.6E+01 nc 4.6E+01 2059 2.2E-02 2.2E-02 Nitrate 14797-55-8 7.5E+02 7.5E+02 nc 2.4E+02 2.4E+02 nc 2.4E+02 NA NA NA Sulfide 18496-25-8 NA NA NA NA NA NA 1/15/2016 Attachments Page 1 of 5 Particulate to Outdoor Air EPC Calculations Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Soil ON -SITE TRESPASSER -ADOLESCENT (AGE 6-<16) Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy EQUATIONS: EPCIEARTicuuaEl = EPCIsoa1 x PARTICULATEIAlm x 1 E-06 [kg/mg] where: PARTICULATEIAiR1= (1IPEF * 1 E+09 ug/kg) or Measured/Modelled and: PEF (m3/kg) = Q1C x [(3600 slhr) / ((0.036 x (1-V) x (Um7Ur)3 x F(x))] PARAMETER/DEFINITION UNITS DEFAULT Source PARTICULATEIari / Particulate concentration in air ug/m 0.03279 Calculated or measured Measured or modeled PARTICULATEIA,RI ug/m3 Measured value PEF / Particulate emission factor m3/kg Guidance value PEF / Particulate emission factor m3/kg 3.05E+10 Calculated here Q/C / inverse of the mean concentration at the center of a 0.5-acre-square source g/m'-s per kg/m3 36.80 Calculated / USEPA, 2014 V / Fraction of vegetative cover unitless 0.5 Site -specific, estimated Um / mean annual windspeed m/s 3.44 Site -specific / USEPA, 2014 U, / equivalent threshold value of wind speed at 7 m m/s 11.32 USEPA, 2014 F(x) / function dependant on U,,,/Ut derived using Cowherd at al. (1985) unitless 8.60E-03 Calculated / USEPA, 2014 USEPA, 2014. Regional Screening Levels. Climactic zone: Phoenix Arizona Area of Source: Specific to size of Exposure Area CASRN COPC EPC Soil (mg/kg) EPC Particulate (ug/m') 7429-90-5 Aluminum 1 3.3E-08 7440-36-0 Antimony 1 3.3E-08 7440-38-2 Arsenic 1 3.3E-08 7440-39-3 Barium 1 3.3E-08 7440-41-7 Beryllium 1 3.3E-08 744042-8 Boron 1 3.3E-08 7440-43-9 Cadmium 1 3.3E-08 7440-70-2 Calcium 1 3.3E-08 7440-47-3 Chromium, Total 1 3.3E-08 16065-83-1 Chromium III 1 3.3E-08 7440484 Cobalt 1 3.3E-08 7440-50-8 Copper 1 3.3E-08 7439-89-6 Iron 1 3.3E-08 7439-92-1 Lead 1 3.3E-08 7439-954 Magnesium 1 3.3E-08 7439-96-5 Manganese 1 3.3E-08 7439-97-6 Mercury 1 3.3E-08 7439-98-7 Molybdenum 1 3.3E-08 7440-02-0 Nickel 1 3.3E-08 7440-09-7 Potassium 1 3.3E-08 1/8/2016 Page 2 of 5 Attachment A - Table 4-1 Risk Based Concentrations - Cancer -Based Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Soil ON -SITE TRESPASSER -ADOLESCENT (AGE 6-<16) Exposure Routes Evaluated Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Incidental Ingestion Yes Duke Energy Dermal Contact Yes Particulate Inhalation Yes Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04 NC - not carcinogenic by this emosure route NV - not volatile EC - emosure concentration CSF - cancer slope factor RBC - risk based concentration NTV - no toxicity value available DAD - dermally absorbed dose ASS - absorption factor UR - cancer unit risk COPC - chemical of potential concern Intake Calculations Absorption Factors Cancer Toxicity Values COPC CASRN Intakelpgpsdpp (mg/kg/day) DAD-.., (mg/kg/day) ECpp (uglirrm�wp�p EC_P. (ug/m') ABSING (unitless) ABSd (unitless) CSFprpl (mg/kg/day)-' CSFd1 e,,,,, (mg/kg/day)-' IUR (ug/m3)-' RBCln—timn RISC—1 RBCppnmpl_ RBC„ppp, RBC_.j Aluminum 7429-90-5 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Antimony 7440-36-0 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Arsenic 7440-38-2 2.4E-08 3.8E-09 4.8E-11 NE 0.6 0.03 1.5E+00 1.5E+00 4.3E-03 2.8E+03 1.8E+04 4.8E+08 NE 2.4E+03 Barium 7440-39-3 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Beryllium 7440-41-7 NC NC 4.8E-11 NE NC NC 2.4E-03 NC NC 8.7E+08 NE 8.7E+08 Boron 7440-42-8 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC INC NE Cadmium 7440-43-9 NC NC 4.8E-11 NE NC NC 1.8E-03 NC NC 1.2E+09 NE 1.2E+09 Calcium 7440-70-2 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC INC NC NE Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Chromium III 16065-83-1 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Cobalt 7440-48-4 NC NC 4.8E-11 NE NC NC 9.0E-03 NC NC 2.3E+08 NE 2.3E+08 Copper 7440-50-8 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Iron 7439-89-6 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Lead 7439-92-1 NC NC NC NE 1 NC NC NC NE Magnesium 7439-954 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Manganese 7439-96-5 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Mercury 7439-97-6 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Molybdenum 7439-98-7 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Nickel 7440-02-0 NC NC 4.8E-11 NE NC NC 2.4E-04 NC NC 8.7E+09 NE 8.7E+09 Potassium 7440-09-7 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Selenium 7782-49-2 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Sodium 7440-23-5 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Strontium 7440-24-6 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Thallium 7440-28-0 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Titanium 7440-32-6 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Vanadium 7440-62-2 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Zinc 7440-66-6 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Nitrate 14797-55-8 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Sulfide 18496-25-8 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE 1/8/2016 Page 3 of 5 Attachment A - Table 4-1 Risk Based Concentrations - Non -cancer -Based Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Soil ON -SITE TRESPASSER -ADOLESCENT (AGE 6-e16) Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Dermal Contact Yes Particulate Inhalation Yes Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration RfD - reference dose RBC - risk based concentration COPC - chemical of potential Concern NTV - no toxicity value available DAD - dermally absorbed dose ABS - absorption factor RfC - reference concentration Intake Calculations Absorption Factors Non -Cancer Toxicity Values Intake)„„t (mg/kg/clay)" DADder- (mg/kg/day) ECp„t;cuo (mg/m3) EC-P., (mg1m3) ABSING (unitless) ABSds (unities RfD«I (mglkg/day) RfDd,.,l (mg/kg/day) RfC (m COPC CASRN RBCI,,tp, RBCd,,,1 RBCpd;cuo RBC__ RBCa,i Aluminum 7429-90-5 2.8E-07 3.4E-13 NE 1 1.0E+00 1.0E+00 5.0E-03 3.6E+06 1.5E+10 NE 3.6E+06 Antimony 7440-36-0 2.8E-07 3.4E-13 NE 1 4.0E-04 6.0E-05 1.4E+03 NTV NE 1.4E+03 Arsenic 7440-38-2 1.7E-07 2.7E-08 3.4E-13 NE 0.6 0.03 3.0E-04 3.0E-04 1.5E-05 1.8E+03 1.1E+04 4.5E+07 NE 1.5E+03 Barium 7440-39-3 2.8E-07 3.4E-13 NE 1 2.0E-01 1.4E-02 5.0E-04 7.1E+05 1.5E+09 NE 7.1E+05 Beryllium 7440-41-7 2.8E-07 3.4E-13 NE 1 2.0E-03 1.4E-05 2.0E-05 7.1E+03 5.9E+07 NE 7.1E+03 Boron 7440-42-8 2.8E-07 3.4E-13 NE 1 2.0E-01 2.0E-01 2.0E-02 7.1E+05 5.9E+10 NE 7.1E+05 Cadmium 7440-43-9 2.8E-07 8.9E-10 3.4E-13 NE 1 0.001 1.0E-03 2.5E-05 2.0E-05 3.6E+03 2.8E+04 5.9E+07 NE 3.2E+03 Calcium 7440-70-2 2.8E-07 3.4E-13 NE 1 NTV NTV NTV NE Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 2.8E-07 3.4E-13 NE 1 1.5E+00 2.0E-02 5.4E+06 NTV NE 5.4E+06 Chromium III 16065-83-1 2.8E-07 3.4E-13 NE 1 1.5E+00 2.0E-02 5.4E+06 NTV NE 5.4E+06 Cobalt 7440-48-4 2.8E-07 3.4E-13 NE 1 3.0E-04 3.0E-04 6.0E-06 1.1E+03 1.8E+07 NE 1.1E+03 Copper 7440-50-8 2.8E-07 3.4E-13 NE 1 4.0E-02 4.0E-02 1.4E+05 NTV NE 1.4E+05 Iron 7439-89-6 2.8E-07 3.4E-13 NE 1 7.0E-01 7.0E-01 2.5E+06 NTV NE 2.5E+06 Lead 7439-92-1 2.8E-07 3.4E-13 NE 1 NTV NTV NTV NE Magnesium 7439-95-4 2.8E-07 3.4E-13 NE 1 NTV NTV NTV NE Manganese 7439-96-5 2.8E-07 3.4E-13 NE 1 1.4E-01 5.6E-03 5.0E-05 5.0E+05 1.5E+08 NE 5.0E+05 Mercury 7439-97-6 2.8E-07 3.4E-13 NE 1 3.0E-04 2.1E-05 3.0E-04 1.1E+03 8.9E+08 NE 1.1E+03 Molybdenum 7439-98-7 2.8E-07 3.4E-13 NE 1 5.0E-03 5.0E-03 1.8E+04 NTV NE 1.8E+04 Nickel 7440-02-0 2.8E-07 3.4E-13 NE 1 2.0E-02 8.0E-04 9.0E-05 7.1E+04 2.7E+08 NE 7.1E+04 Potassium 7440-09-7 2.8E-07 3.4E-13 NE 1 NTV NTV NTV NE Selenium 7782-49-2 2.8E-07 3.4E-13 NE 1 5.0E-03 5.0E-03 2.0E-02 1.8E+04 5.9E+10 NE 1.8E+04 Sodium 7440-23-5 2.8E-07 3.4E-13 NE 1 NTV NTV NTV NE Strontium 7440-24-6 2.8E-07 3.4E-13 NE 1 6.0E-01 6.0E-01 2.1E+06 NTV NE 2.1E+06 Thallium 7440-28-0 2.8E-07 3.4E-13 NE 1 1.0E-05 1.0E-05 3.6E+01 NTV NE 3.6E+01 Titanium 7440-32-6 2.8E-07 3.4E-13 NE 1 NTV NTV NTV NE Vanadium 7440-62-2 2.8E-07 3.4E-13 NE 1 5.0E-03 1.3E-04 1.0E-04 1.8E+04 3.0E+08 NE 1.8E+04 Zinc 7440-66-6 2.8E-07 3.4E-13 NE 1 3.0E-01 3.0E-01 1.1E+06 NTV NE 1.1E+06 Nitrate 14797-55-8 2.8E-07 3.4E-13 NE 1 1.6E+00 1.6E+00 5.7E+06 NTV NE 5.7E+06 Sulfide 18496-25-8 2.8E-07 3.4E-13 NE 1 NTV NTV NTV NE 1/8/2016 Page 4 of 5 Attachment A - Table 4-1 Risk Based Concentration Summary Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Soil ON -SITE TRESPASSER - ADOLESCENT (AGE 6-<16) Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy concern Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Dermal Contact Yes Particulate Inhalation Yes Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 Taraet Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04 nc - risk based concentration based on non -cancer hazard index c - risk based concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicity value available; remedial goal not calculated COPC CASRN Risk Based Concentration I Non -Cancer (mg/kg) I Cancer (mg/kg) Final (mg/kg) Basis Aluminum /42U-JU-b 3.bL+Ub 3.bL+Ub nc Antimony 7440-36-0 1.4E+03 1.4E+03 nc Arsenic 7440-38-2 1.5E+03 2.4E+03 1.5E+03 nc Barium 7440-39-3 7.1E+05 7.1E+05 nc Beryllium 7440-41-7 7.1E+03 8.7E+08 7.1E+03 nc Boron 7440-42-8 7.1 E+05 7.1 E+05 nc Cadmium 7440-43-9 3.2E+03 1.2E+09 3.2E+03 nc Calcium 7440-70-2 NA Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 5.4E+06 5.4E+06 nc Chromium III 16065-83-1 5.4E+06 5.4E+06 nc Cobalt 7440-48-4 1.1 E+03 2.3E+08 1.1E+03 nc Copper 7440-50-8 1.4E+05 1.4E+05 nc Iron 7439-89-6 2.5E+06 2.5E+06 nc Lead 7439-92-1 NA Magnesium 7439-95-4 NA Manganese 7439-96-5 5.0E+05 5.0E+05 nc Mercury 7439-97-6 1.1 E+03 1.1E+03 nc Molybdenum 7439-98-7 1.8E+04 1.8E+04 nc Nickel 7440-02-0 7.1 E+04 8.7E+09 7.1 E+04 nc Potassium 7440-09-7 NA Selenium 7782-49-2 1.8E+04 1.8E+04 nc Sodium 7440-23-5 NA Strontium 7440-24-6 2.1E+06 2.1E+06 nc Thallium 7440-28-0 3.6E+01 3.6E+01 nc Titanium 7440-32-6 NA Vanadium 7440-62-2 1.8E+04 1.8E+04 nc Zinc 7440-66-6 1.1 E+06 1.1E+06 nc Nitrate 14797-55-8 5.7E+06 5.7E+06 nc Sulfide 18496-25-8 NA 1 /8/2016 Page 5 of 5 Table 4.1 Risk Based Concentration Calculations Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy Total Risk Based Concentration 1 RBCrotal = [(1/RBC1ngest1or) + (1/RBCd1ona) + (1/RBCpa) + (1/RBC ap)] Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion RBC;ngeat;on= TR / Intakeag* CSF [EPC]aon * IR * ABSINO * FI * EF * ED * C1 Intakeng (age group,)= BW. * ATIff uma Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption RBCden aI = TR / DAD * CSF DAEvent * SA * EV * EF * ED DADdern (age group ,)= BW. * ATlrcauma DAEvent = [EPC]ag;I * ABSd * AF * C1 Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion THI RBC,ngeanoo= Intakeng / RfD Intakeng = [EPC]aaI * IR * ABSIng * FI * EF * ED * C1 BW*AT Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption RBCden„aI= THI DAD / RfD DADder. = DAE„ent * SA * EV * EF * ED BW * AT DAEvant = [EPC]ag;I * ABSd * AF * C1 Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation RBC;nhalauor, = TR / ECoan * IUR ECoan (age _ [EPC]PART * ETPan * EF * ED --- OR--- [EPC]vAPoR * ETvep * EF * ED g g oup.)- 24 * AT Ircauma Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation RBClnhalanon= THI ECno / RfC ECno = [EPC]PART * ETPan * EF * ED * C2 --- OR--- [EPCI.POR * ETvap* EF * ED * C2 24 * AT Parameter Value - Cancer Value - Non -Cancer Units CSF Chemical specific (mg/kg-day)-' IUR Chemical specific (ug/m')-' Intake Age/chemical specific mg/kg-day ECoan Age/chemical specific (ug/m') ELCR Age/chemical specific unitless RfD Chemical specific mg/kg-day RfC Chemical specific (mg/m') DAD Age/chemical specific Age/chemical specific mg/kg-day DAE-nt Age/chemical specific Age/chemical specific mg/cm2-event ECno Age/chemical specific mg/ma HQ Age/chemical specific unitless [EPC]ao;I Chemical specific Chemical specific mg/kg [EPC]PART Attachment A- TABLE Attachment A- TABLE ug/m' EPC [ ]VAPOR Attachment A- TABLE Attachment A- TABLE ug/m' ABS;ng Chemical specific Chemical specific unitless ABSd Chemical specific Chemical specific unitless BW 44 44 kg EF 45 45 day/year ED 10 10 year AT 3650 day ATlifetime 25550 day IR 100 100 mg/day FI 1 1 unitless C1 0.000001 0.000001 kg/mg SA 3160 3160 cm2 AF 0.1 0.1 mg/cm2 EV 1 1 event/day ETPart 2 2 hours/day C2 0.001 0.001 mg/ug ETVap 8 8 hours/day 1 /8/2016 Page 1 of 4 ant A - Table 4-1 to to Outdoor Air EPC Calculations n of Risked Based Concentrations - Soil TRESPASSER -ADOLESCENT (AGE 6-<16) In Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Energy = EPC[so,L] x PARTICULATEtAiRI x 1 E-06 [kg/mg] LATEIAiRI = (1/PEF * 1E+09 ug/kg) or Measured/Modelled (m'/kg) = O/C x [(3600 s/hr) / ((0.036 x (1-V) x (Um/Ur)' x F(x) )] METER/DEFINITION UNITS DEFAULT Source PARTICULATEIarI / Particulate concentration in air ug/m 0.03 Calculated or measured Measured or modeled PARTICULATEIAiRI ug/m3 Measured value PEF / Particulate emission factor m'/kg PEF / Particulate emission factor m3/kg 3.05E+10 Calculated here Q/C / inverse of the mean concentration at the center of a 0.5-acre-square source g/m2-s per kg/m' 36.8 USEPA, 2014 V / Fraction of vegetative cover unitless 0.5 USEPA, 2014 Um / mean annual windspeed m/s 3.44 USEPA, 2014 U, / equivalent threshold value of wind speed at 7 m m/s 11.32 USEPA, 2014 F(x) / function dependant on Um/U, derived using Cowherd et al. (1985) unitless 8.60E-03 USEPA, 2014 USEPA, 2014. Regional Screening Levels. Climactic region: Raleigh, NC; Site Area: 30 acres CASRN COPC EPC Soil EPC Particulate (mg/kg) I (uglm') 18540-29-9 Chromium VI (hexavalent) 1 3.3E-08 Page 2 of 4 Attachment A - Table 4-1 Risk Based Concentrations -Cancer-Based Derivation of Risked Based Concentrations - Soil ON -SITE TRESPASSER -ADOLESCENT (AGE6-<16) Exposure Routes Evaluated Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Incidental Ingestion Yes Duke Energy Dermal Contact Yes Particulate Inhalation Yes Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1E-04 NC - not carcinooenic by this exposure route NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration CSF - cancer slope factor RBC - risk based concentration NTV - no toxicity value available DAD - dermally absorbed dose ABS - absorption factor UR - cancer unit risk COPC - chemical of potential concern Intake Calculations Absorption Factors iMutagenici Cancer Toxici Values COPC CASRN EPC Soil Intakei„s„ne„ DADa..a ECwnmm+r. EC�,,.r AB$ING ABSa MOA? CSFo,+i CSFa„m,i IUR RBCinase.n RBCd„m,i RBCo,nmm+r. RBC„,p„ RBCmmi (mglkg) (mg/kg/day) (mg/kg/day) (ug/m') (ug/m') (unitless) (unitless) (mg/kglday)' (mglkg/day)'' (uglm)-' Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 1.0E+00 1.2E-07 FALSE 1.4E-10 NE 1 Y 5.0E-01 2.0E+01 8.4E-02 1.7E+03 8.2E+06 NE 1.7E+03 1/8/2016 Page 3 of 4 Attachment A - Table 4-1 Risk Based Concentrations - Non -Cancer -Based Derivation of Risked Based Concentrations - Soil ON -SITE TRESPASSER - ADOLESCENT (AGE 6-<16) Exposure Routes Evaluated Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Incidental Ingestion Yes Duke Energy Dermal Contact Yes Particulate Inhalation Yes Ambient Vapor Inhalation No TaRBCet Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration RfD - reference dose RBC - risk based concentration COPC - chemical of Dotential concern NTV - no toxicity value available DAD - dennally absorbed dose ABS - absorption factor RfC - reference concentration Intake Calculations Absorption Factors Non -Cancer Toxicity Values COPC CASRN EPC Soil Intake;ns„�;on DADa„m,i ECt„h;�„„„ EC,,.np, ABSING ABSa RfDo„ i RfDa„m,i RfC RBC;s„r;o„ RBCa,,,,,,i RBCpar;�„„ re RBCx,np, RBCrpr,i (mg/kg) (mglkglday) (mglkglday) (mglm') (mglm') (unitless) (unities (mglkglday) (mglkglday) (mglm') Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 1.0E+00 2.8E-07 3.4E-13 NE 1 3.0E-03 7.5E-05 1.0E-04 1.1E+04 3.0E+08 NE 1.1E+04 1/8/2016 Page 4 of 4 Attachment A - Table 4.1 Risk Based Concentration Calculations Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy Total Risk Based Concentration 1 RBCrotal = [(1 /RBCingestlor) + (1 /RBCdarma) + (1 /RBCpan) + (1 /RBCvap)] Cancer -Based Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion RBC,,,gaat;o = TR / Intakgng* CSF [EPC]aon *[IFSadj - OR - IFSM] * ABSING * FI * EF * C1 Intakeng (age group.)= BW. * AT Ircauma Cancer -Based Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption RBCdarn,al = TR / DAD * CSF DADdarmiagagroup.)= DAEvent * SA * EV * EF * ED BW. * ATlneaa,e DAEvent = [EPC]an;I * [DFSadj - OR - DFSM] * C1 Cancer -Based Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation RBC;nhalauon = TR / ECoan * IUR ECoan (age [EPC]PART * ETPan * EF * ED --- OR--- [EPC]VAPOR * ETvap* EF * ED g group _ 24 * AT Ircauma For muta ens, IHHM is used in place of ED Noncancer-Based Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion THI RBC;ngeet;on = Intakengng / RfD Intakeng = [EPC]aojI * IR * ABSIng * FI * EF * ED * C1 BW * AT Noncancer-Based Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption RBCden„aI= THI DAD / RfD DADdarn, = DAEvent * SA * EV * EF * ED BW * AT DAEvant = [EPC]ag;I * ABSd * AF * C1 Noncancer-Based Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation RBC;nhalat;on= THI ECno / RfC ECno = [EPC]PART * ETPan * EF * ED * C2 --- OR--- [EPCI.POR * ETvap * EF * ED * C2 24 * AT Parameter Value - Cancer Value - Non -Cancer Units CSF Chemical specific (mg/kg-day)-' IUR Chemical specific (ug/m')-' Intake Age/chemical specific mg/kg-day ECoan Age/chemical specific (ug/m') ELCR Age/chemical specific unitless RfD Chemical specific mg/kg-day RfC Chemical specific (mg/m') DAD Age/chemical specific Age/chemical specific mg/kg-day DAE-ut Age/chemical specific Age/chemical specific mg/cm2-event ECno Age/chemical specific mg/rn' HQ Age/chemical specific unitless [EPC]aaI Chemical specific Chemical specific mg/kg [EPC]PART Attachment A - TABLE 4-1 Attachment A - TABLE 4-1 ug/m' [EPC]VAPOR -----NOT USED----- -----NOT USED----- ug/m' ABS;ng Chemical specific Chemical specific unitless ABSd Chemical specific Chemical specific unitless BW NA 44 kg EF 45 45 day/year ED 10 10 year AT -- 3650 day ATlifetime 25550 -- day IFSadj 23 mg-yr/kg-day IFSM 68 -- mg-yr/kg-day IR NA 100 mg/day FI 1 1 unitless C1 0.000001 0.000001 kg/mg SA NA 3160 cm2 AF NA 0.1 mg/cm2 EV 1 1 event/day DFSadj 72 -- mg-yr/kg-day DFSM 215 -- mg-yr/kg-day ETPart 2 2 hours/day C2 0.001 0.001 mg/ug ETVap 2 2 ug/mg WHIM 2700 unitless 1 /8/2016 Page 1 of 4 :hment B - Table 4-2 Based Concentrations - Cancer -Based ,ation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment ;ITE TRESPASSER - ADOLESCENT (AGE 6-<16) an Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Dermal Contact Yes Particulate Inhalation No Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1E-04 NC - not carcinogenic by this exposure route NV - not volatile EC - eposure concentration CSF - cancer slope factor RBC - Risk Based Concentration NTV - no towcity value available DAD - dermally absorbed dose ABS - absorption factor UR - cancer unit risk COPC - chemical of potential concern Intake Calculations Absorption Factors Cancer Toxicity Values Intake;n,„u„ (mglkglday) DAD-- (mglkglday) EC,,,W,re (ug/m') EC,,,p« (uglm') (ABS,.. unitless) ABSa (unitless) CSF«,i (mglkglday)-' CSF—..' (mg/kg, IUR (uglin COPC CASRN RBCi„a„rbn RBCa .,i RBCmn ,i,r, RBC,,,,, RBCrorai Aluminum 7429-90-5 INC NC NE NE NC NC INC NC NE NE Antimony 7440-36-0 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Arsenic 7440-38-2 2.4E-09 4.6E-09 NE NE 0.6 0.03 1.5E+00 1.5E+00 4.3E-03 2.8E+04 1.5E+04 NE NE 9.5E+03 Barium 7440-39-3 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Beryllium 7440-41-7 NC NC NE NE NC NC 2.4E-03 NC NC NE NE Boron 7440-42-8 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Cadmium 7440-43-9 NC NC NE NE NC NC 1.8E-03 NC NC NE NE Calcium 7440-70-2 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 NC NC NE NE NC NC INC NC NE NE Chromium III 16065-83-1 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Cobalt 7440-48-4 NC NC NE NE NC NC 9.0E-03 NC NC NE NE Copper 7440-50-8 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Iron 7439-89-6 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Lead 7439-92-1 NC NC NE NE 1 NC NC NE NE Magnesium 7439-95-4 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Manganese 7439-96-5 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Mercury 7439-97-6 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Molybdenum 7439-98-7 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Nickel 7440-02-0 NC NC NE NE NC NC 2.4E-04 NC NC NE NE Potassium 7440-09-7 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Selenium 7782-49-2 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Sodium 7440-23-5 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Strontium 7440-24-6 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Thallium 7440-28-0 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Titanium 7440-32-6 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Vanadium 7440-62-2 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Zinc 7440-66-6 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Nitrate 14797-55-8 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Sulfide 18496-25-8 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE 1/8/2016 Page 2 of 4 Attachment B - Table 4-2 Risk Based Concentrations - Non -cancer -Based Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment ON -SITE TRESPASSER -ADOLESCENT (AGE 6-<16) Exposure Routes Evaluated Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Incidental Ingestion Yes Duke Energy Dermal Contact Yes Particulate Inhalation No Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 NV -not volatile EC - exposure concentration RfD - reference dose RBC - Risk Based Concentration COPC - chemical of potential concern NTV - no toxicity value available DAD - dermally absorbed dose ABS - absorption factor RfC - reference concentration Intake Calculations Absorption Factors Non -Cancer Toxicity Values COPC CASRN I Intake;n-timn I DADd,rmal EC„m,m,t, EC-P. ABSING ABSa RfD,r,i RfDd,rm,i RfC RBC;noe n RBCde--I RBC., ..„„ RBC,,,,,,, RBCto„I (mg/kg/day) (mg/kg/day) (mglm3) (mg/m') (unitless) (unities (mg/kglday) (mglkg/day) (mg/m') Aluminum 7429-90-5 2.8E-08 NE NE 1 1.0E+00 1.0E+00 5.0E-03 3.6E+07 NE NE 3.6E+07 Antimony 7440-36-0 2.8E-08 NE NE 1 4.0E-04 6.0E-05 1.4E+04 NE NE 1.4E+04 Arsenic 7440-38-2 1.7E-08 3.2E-08 NE NE 0.6 0.03 3.0E-04 3.0E-04 1.5E-05 1.8E+04 9.3E+03 NE NE 6.1E+03 Barium 7440-39-3 2.8E-08 NE NE 1 2.0E-01 1.4E-02 5.0E-04 7.1E+06 NE NE 7.1E+06 Beryllium 7440-41-7 2.8E-08 NE NE 1 2.0E-03 1.4E-05 2.0E-05 7.1E+04 NE NE 7.1E+04 Boron 7440-42-8 2.8E-08 NE NE 1 2.0E-01 2.0E-01 2.0E-02 7.1E+06 NE NE 7.1E+06 Cadmium 7440-43-9 2.8E-08 1.1E-09 NE NE 1 0.001 1.0E-03 2.5E-05 2.0E-05 3.6E+04 2.3E+04 NE NE 1.4E+04 Calcium 7440-70-2 2.8E-08 NE NE 1 NTV NTV NE NE Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 2.8E-08 NE NE 1 1.5E+00 2.0E-02 5.4E+07 NE NE 5.4E+07 Chromium III 16065-83-1 2.8E-08 NE NE 1 1.5E+00 2.0E-02 5.4E+07 NE NE 5.4E+07 Cobalt 7440-48-4 2.8E-08 NE NE 1 3.0E-04 3.0E-04 6.0E-06 1.1E+04 NE NE 1.1E+04 Copper 7440-50-8 2.8E-08 NE NE 1 4.0E-02 4.0E-02 1.4E+06 NE NE 1.4E+06 Iron 7439-89-6 2.8E-08 NE NE 1 7.0E-01 7.0E-01 2.5E+07 NE NE 2.5E+07 Lead 7439-92-1 2.8E-08 NE NE 1 NTV NTV NE NE Magnesium 7439-95-4 2.8E-08 NE NE 1 NTV NTV NE NE Manganese 7439-96-5 2.8E-08 NE NE 1 1.4E-01 5.6E-03 5.0E-05 5.0E+06 NE NE 5.0E+06 Mercury 7439-97-6 2.8E-08 NE NE 1 3.0E-04 2.1E-05 3.0E-04 1.1E+04 NE NE 1.1E+04 Molybdenum 7439-98-7 2.8E-08 NE NE 1 5.0E-03 5.0E-03 1.8E+05 NE NE 1.8E+05 Nickel 7440-02-0 2.8E-08 NE NE 1 2.0E-02 8.0E-04 9.0E-05 7.1E+05 NE NE 7.1E+05 Potassium 7440-09-7 2.8E-08 NE NE 1 NTV NTV NE NE Selenium 7782-49-2 2.8E-08 NE NE 1 5.0E-03 5.0E-03 2.0E-02 1.8E+05 NE NE 1.8E+05 Sodium 7440-23-5 2.8E-08 NE NE 1 NTV NTV NE NE Strontium 7440-24-6 2.8E-08 NE NE 1 6.0E-01 6.0E-01 2.1E+07 NE NE 2.1E+07 Thallium 7440-28-0 2.8E-08 NE NE 1 1.0E-05 1.0E-05 3.6E+02 NE NE 3.6E+02 Titanium 7440-32-6 2.8E-08 NE NE 1 NTV NTV NE NE Vanadium 7440-62-2 2.8E-08 NE NE 1 5.0E-03 1.3E-04 1.0E-04 1.8E+05 NE NE 1.8E+05 Zinc 7440-66-6 2.8E-08 NE NE 1 3.0E-01 3.0E-01 1.1E+07 NE NE 1.1E+07 Nitrate 14797-55-8 2.8E-08 NE NE 1 1.6E+00 1.6E+00 5.7E+07 NE NE 5.7E+07 Sulfide 18496-25-8 2.8E-08 NE NE 1 NTV NTV NE NE 1/8/2016 Page 3 of 4 Attachment B - Table 4-2 Risk Based Concentration Summary Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment ON -SITE TRESPASSER -ADOLESCENT (AGE 6-<16) Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy concern Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Dermal Contact Yes Particulate Inhalation No Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 Taraet Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04 nc - risk based concentration based on non -cancer hazard index c - risk based concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicity value available; Risk Based Concentration not calculated COPC CASRN Risk Based Concentration I Non -Cancer (mg/kg) I Cancer (mg/kg) Final (mg/kg) Basis Aluminum /42U-JU-b 3.bL+Uf 3.bL+ut nc Antimony 7440-36-0 1.4E+04 1.4E+04 nc Arsenic 7440-38-2 6.1E+03 9.5E+03 6.1E+03 nc Barium 7440-39-3 7.1E+06 7.1E+06 nc Beryllium 7440-41-7 7.1E+04 7.1E+04 nc Boron 7440-42-8 7.1 E+06 7.1 E+06 nc Cadmium 7440-43-9 1.4E+04 1.4E+04 nc Calcium 7440-70-2 NA Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 5.4E+07 5.4E+07 nc Chromium III 16065-83-1 5.4E+07 5.4E+07 nc Cobalt 7440-48-4 1.1 E+04 1.1E+04 nc Copper 7440-50-8 1.4E+06 1.4E+06 nc Iron 7439-89-6 2.5E+07 2.5E+07 nc Lead 7439-92-1 NA Magnesium 7439-95-4 NA Manganese 7439-96-5 5.0E+06 5.0E+06 nc Mercury 7439-97-6 1.1 E+04 1.1E+04 nc Molybdenum 7439-98-7 1.8E+05 1.8E+05 nc Nickel 7440-02-0 7.1 E+05 7.1 E+05 nc Potassium 7440-09-7 NA Selenium 7782-49-2 1.8E+05 1.8E+05 nc Sodium 7440-23-5 NA Strontium 7440-24-6 2.1E+07 2.1E+07 nc Thallium 7440-28-0 3.6E+02 3.6E+02 nc Titanium 7440-32-6 NA Vanadium 7440-62-2 1.8E+05 1.8E+05 nc Zinc 7440-66-6 1.1 E+07 1.1E+07 nc Nitrate 14797-55-8 5.7E+07 5.7E+07 nc Sulfide 18496-25-8 NA 1 /8/2016 Page 4 of 4 Table 4.2 Risk Based Concentration Calculations Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy Total Risk Based Concentration RBC1 r 1= [(1 /RBC;ngaamn) + (1 /RBCda na) + (1 /RBCpa) + (1 /RBC ap)] Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion RBC;ngaanon= TR / Intakeng* CSF [EPC]aol; * IR * ABSING * FI * EF * ED * C1 Intakeng (age group,)= BW. * ATIff uroa Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption RBCdan a; = TR / DAD * CSF DADderro(agegroup,)= DAEvent * SA * EV * EF * ED BW. * ATIburre DAE—t = [EPC].,, * ABSd * AF * C1 Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion RBC;ngaanon= THI Intakeng / RfD Intakeng = [EPC]aou * IR * ABS;ng * FI * EF * ED * C1 BW * AT Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption RBCd... I= THI DAD / RfD DADdar,n = DAEvent * SA * EV * EF * ED BW * AT DAE—t = [EPC]aa;I * ABSd * AF * C1 Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation RBClnhalatlon = TR / ECoan * IUR ECoan (age [EPC]PART * ETPad * EF * ED --- OR--- [EPC]vAPOR * ETvap* EF * ED (s group •)— _ 24 * AT urearoe Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation THI RBC;nnaladon= ECno / RfC ECnu, = [EPC]PART * ETPa,t * EF * ED * C2 --- OR--- [EPC]vAPOR * ETvap* EF * ED * C2 24 *AT Parameter Value - Cancer Value - Non -Cancer Units CSF Chemical specific (mg/kg-day)-' IUR Chemical specific (ug/m')-' Intake Age/chemical specific mg/kg-day EC.an Age/chemical specific (ug/m') ELCR Age/chemical specific unitless RfD Chemical specific mg/kg-day RfC Chemical specific (mg/m') DAD Age/chemical specific Age/chemical specific mg/kg-day DAE-nt Age/chemical specific Age/chemical specific mg/cm2-event ECno Age/chemical specific mg/m' HQ Age/chemical specific unitless [EPC]ao;I Chemical specific Chemical specific mg/kg [EPC]PART Attachment B - TABLE Attachment B - TABLE ug/m' [EPC]vAPOR Attachment B - TABLE Attachment B - TABLE ug/m' ABS;ng Chemical specific Chemical specific unitless ABSd Chemical specific Chemical specific unitless BW 44 44 kg EF 45 45 day/year ED 10 10 year AT 3650 day ATlifetime 25550 day IR 10 10 mg/day FI 1 1 unitless C1 0.000001 0.000001 kg/mg SA 3820 3820 cm2 AF 0.1 0.1 mg/cm2 EV 1 1 event/day ETPart 2 2 hours/day C2 0.001 0.001 mg/ug ETVap 8 8 hours/day 1 /8/2016 Page 1 of 4 Attachment B - Table 4-2 Risk Based Concentrations - Cancer -Based Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment ON -SITE TRESPASSER - ADOLESCENT (AGE 6 - <16) Exposure Routes Evaluated Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Incidental Ingestion Yes Duke Energy Dermal Contact Yes Particulate Inhalation No Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1E-04 NC - not carcinogenic by this exposure route NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration CSF - cancer slope factor RBC - risk based concentration NTV - no toxicity value available DAD - dermally absorbed dose ABS - absorption factor UR - cancer unit risk COPC - chemical of potential concern Intake Calculations Absorption Factors IMutagenici Cancer Toxici Values COPC CASRN EPC Soil Intakei„s„ne„ DADa..a ECwnmm+r. EC�,,.r ABSING ABSa MOA? CSFo,+i CSFa„m,i IUR RBCina„n.. RBCa.rm,i RBCo,nmm+r. RBC.+wr RBCmmi (mglkg) (mg/kg/day) (mg/kg/day) (ug/m') (ug/m') (unitless) (unitless) (mg/kglday)' (mglkg/day)'' (uglm)-' Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 1.0E+00 1.2E-08 FALSE NE NE 1 Y 5.0E-01 2.0E+01 8.4E-02 1.7E+04 NE NE 1.7E+04 1/6/2016 Page 2 of 4 Attachment B - Table 4-2 Risk Based Concentrations - Non -cancer -Based Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment ON -SITE TRESPASSER - ADOLESCENT (AGE 6 - <16) Exposure Routes Evaluated Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Incidental Ingestion Yes Duke Energy Dermal Contact Yes Particulate Inhalation No Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration RfD - reference dose RBC - risk based concentration COPC - chemical of Dotential concern NTV - no toxicity value available DAD - dennally absorbed dose ABS - absorption factor RfC - reference concentration Intake Calculations Absorption Factors Non -Cancer Toxicity Values COPC CASRN EPC Soil Intakes„�;o„ DADa„m,i ECt„h;�„„„ EC,,.np, ABSING ABSa RfDo„ i RfDa„m,i RfC RBC;s„r;o„ RBCa,,,,,,i RBCpar;�„„ re RBCx,np, RBCrpr,i (mg/kg) (mglkglday) (mglkglday) (mglm') (mglm') (unitless) (unities (mglkglday) (mglkglday) (mglm') Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 1.0E+00 2.8E-08 NE NE 1 3.0E-03 7.5E-05 1.0E-04 1.1E+05 NE NE 1.1E+OS 1/6/2016 Page 3 of 4 Based Concentration Summary ation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment ITE TRESPASSER - ADOLESCENT (AGE 6 - <16) man Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites ke Energy COPC - chemical of potential concern c - risk based concentration based on EPCs Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Dermal Contact Yes Particulate Inhalation No Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04 nc - risk based concentration based on non -cancer hazard index NA - no toxicity value available; Risk Based Concentration not calculated COPC CASRN Risk Based Concentration Non -Cancer (mg/kg) Cancer (mg/kg) Final (mg/kg) Basis Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 1.1E+05 1.7E+04 1.7E+04 c 1 /6/2016 Page 4 of 4 Attachment B - Table 4.2 Risk Based Concentration Calculations Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy Total Risk Based Concentration 1 RBCrotal = [(1 /RBCingestlor) + (1 /RBCdarna) + (1 /RBCpan) + (1 /RBCvap)] Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion RBC,,,gaat;o = TR / Intakeng* CSF [EPC]aon *[IFSadj - OR - IFSM] * ABSING * FI * EF * C1 Intakeng (age group.)= BW. * AT Ircauma Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption RBCdarn,al = TR / DAD * CSF DADdarmiagagmup.)= DAEvant * SA * EV * EF * ED BW. * ATlneame DAEvent = [EPC]ao;I * [DFSadj - OR - DFSM] * C1 Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation RBC;nhalauon = TR / ECoan * IUR ECoan (age [EPC]PART * ETPan * EF * ED --- OR--- [EPC]VAPOR * ETvap* EF * ED g group _ 24 * AT Ircauma For muta ens, IHHM is used in place of ED Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion THI RBC;ngeet;on = Intakemgn9 / RfD Intakeng = [EPC]aojI * IR * ABSIng * FI * EF * ED * C1 BW * AT Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption RBCden aI= THI DAD / RfD DADda,n, = DAEvent * SA * EV * EF * ED BW * AT DAEvant = [EPC]ao;I * ABSd * AF * C1 Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation RBC;nhalat;on= THI ECno / RfC ECno = [EPC]PART * ETPan * EF * ED * C2 --- OR--- [EPCI.POR * ETVap * EF * ED * C2 24 * AT Parameter Value - Cancer Value - Non -Cancer Units CSF Chemical specific (mg/kg-day)-' IUR Chemical specific (ug/m')-' Intake Age/chemical specific mg/kg-day ECoan Age/chemical specific (ug/m') ELCR Age/chemical specific unitless RfD Chemical specific mg/kg-day RfC Chemical specific (mg/m') DAD Age/chemical specific Age/chemical specific mg/kg-day DAE-ut Age/chemical specific Age/chemical specific mg/cm2-event ECno Age/chemical specific mg/rn' HQ Age/chemical specific unitless [EPC]aaI Chemical specific Chemical specific mg/kg [EPC]PART -----NOT USED----- -----NOT USED----- ug/m' [EPC]VAPOR -----NOT USED----- -----NOT USED----- ug/m' ABS;ng Chemical specific Chemical specific unitless ABSd Chemical specific Chemical specific unitless BW NA 44 kg EF 45 45 day/year ED 10 10 year AT -- 3650 day ATlifetime 25550 -- day IFSadj 2 mg-yr/kg-day IFSM 7 -- mg-yr/kg-day IR NA 10 mg/day FI 1 1 unitless C1 0.000001 0.000001 kg/mg SA NA 3820 cm2 AF NA 0.1 mg/cm2 EV 1 1 event/day DFSadj 87 -- mg-yr/kg-day DFSM 260 -- mg-yr/kg-day ETPart 2 2 hours/day C2 0.001 0.001 mg/ug ETVap 2 2 ug/mg WHIM 2700 unitless 1 /6/2016 Page 1 of 4 Attachment C - Table 4-3 Risk Based Concentrations - Cancer -Based Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface Water ON -SITE TRESPASSER -ADOLESCENT (AGE 6,16) Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Dermal Contact Yes Duke Energy Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1E-04 NC - not carcinogenic by this exposure route NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration CSF - cancer slope factor RBC - risk based concentration NTV - no toxicity value avai [(11RBC;nsa) + (11RBCd. DAD - dermally absorbed dose ASS - absorption factor UR - cancer unit risk COPC - chemical of potenital concern Intake Calculations Ta water Dermal Parameters Cancer Toxicity Values COPC CASRN EPC Intake;ng„r;,n DP,�„n DADde,n ECwmr B i t• Kp FA In EPD? CSF_ CSFd-1 IUR RBC;ng u.n RBCd.nn.i RBC,,.o.r RBCt (mglL) (mglkglday) (mglkglday) (mglkglday) (uglm') (unitless) (hrlevent) (hr) (cmlhr) (unitless) (YIN) (mglkglday)"' (mglkg/day)"' (uglm')"' (mglL) (mglL) (mglL) (mglL) Aluminum 7429-90-5 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 2.0E-03 1.5E-01 3.6E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Antimony 7440-36-0 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 4.2E-03 5.1E-01 1.2E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Arsenic 7440-38-2 1.00E-03 8.0E-09 2.0E-09 3.1E-09 NE 3.3E-03 2.8E-01 6.6E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.5E+00 1.5E+00 4.3E-03 8.3E+00 2.2E+01 NE 6.0E+00 Barium 7440.39-3 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 4.5E-03 6.2E-01 1.5E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Beryllium 7440-41-7 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 1.2E-03 1.2E-01 2.8E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 2.4E-03 NC NC NE Boron 7440-42-8 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 1.4E-03 1.3E-01 3.0E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Cadmium 7440-43-9 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 4.1E-03 4.5E-01 1.1E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.8E-03 NC NC NE Calcium 7440-70-2 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 2.8E-03 2.1E-01 4.9E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Chromium III 16065-83-1 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 2.8E-03 2.1E-01 4.9E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Cobalt 7440-48-4 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 1.2E-03 2.2E-01 5.4E-01 4.0E-04 1 Y 9.0E-03 NC NC NE Copper 7440-50-8 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 3.1E-03 2.4E-01 5.7E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Iron 7439-89-6 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 2.9E-03 2.2E-01 5.2E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Lead 7439-92-1 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 5.5E-04 1.5E+00 3.7E+00 1.0E-04 1 Y NC NC NE Magnesium 7439-95-4 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Manganese 7439-96-5 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 2.9E-03 2.1E-01 5.1E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Mercury 7439-97-6 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 5.4E-03 1.4E+00 3.4E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Molybdenum 7439-98-7 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 3.8E-03 3.6E-01 8.7E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Nickel 7440-02-0 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 5.9E-04 2.2E-01 5.4E-01 2.0E-04 1 Y 2.4E-04 NC NC NE Potassium 7440-09-7 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 2.0E-04 1 Y NC NC NE Selenium 7782-49-2 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 3.4E-03 2.9E-01 7.0E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Sodium 7440.23-5 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 6.0E-04 1 Y NC NC NE Strontium 7440-24-6 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 3.6E-03 3.3E-01 7.8E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Thallium 7440.28-0 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 5.5E-03 1.5E+00 3.5E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Titanium 7440-32-6 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Vanadium 7440-62-2 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 2.7E-03 2.0E-01 4.9E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Zinc 7440-66-6 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 1.9E-03 2.4E-01 5.9E-01 6.0E-04 1 Y NC NC NE Nitrate 14797-55-8 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 3.0E-03 2.3E-01 5.6E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Sulfide 18496-25-8 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 4.0E-04 1 Y NC NC NE 1111/2016 Page 2 of 4 .hment C - Table 4-3 Based Concentrations - Non -cancer -Based ration of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface Water IITE TRESPASSER - ADOLESCENT (AGE 6-<16) an Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Dermal Contact Yes Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1E+00 - chemical of Dotenital concern NN - no toxicity value avai [(1/RBC;nga) + (1/RBCda, DAD - dermally absorbed dose ASS - absorption factor RfC - reference concentration Intake Calculations Ta water Dermal Parameters Non -Cancer Toxicit values COPC CASRN EPC Intake;nge,a,n DAawn DADae,n,,; EC,,,o„ B t' Kp PA In EPD? RfD„�� RfDae,n,,; Ric RBC;nge,a,n RBCd-1 (mg/L) (mg/kglday) (mglkglday) (mglkglday) (mglm3) (uni[less) (hrlevent) It* (cmlhr) (unitless) (YIN) (mglkg/day) (mglkglday) (mglm3) (mglL) (mglL) (mglL) Aluminum 7429-90-5 1.00E-03 5.6E-08 2.0E-09 2.1E-08 NE 2.0E-03 1.5E-01 3.6E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.0E+00 1.0E+00 5.0E-03 1.8E+04 4.7E+04 NE 1.3E+04 Antimony 7440-36-0 1.00E-03 5.6E-08 2.0E-09 2.1E-08 NE 4.2E-03 5.1E-01 1.2E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y 4.0E-04 6.0E-05 7.1E+00 2.8E+00 NE 2.0E+00 Arsenic 7440-38-2 1.00E-03 5.6E-08 2.0E-09 2.1E-08 NE 3.3E-03 2.8E-01 6.6E-01 1.0E-03 0.6 Y 3.0E-04 3.0E-04 1.5E-05 5.4E+00 1.4E+01 NE 3.9E+00 Barium 7440-39-3 1.00E-03 5.6E-0 2.0E-09 2.1-0 NE 4.5E-03 6.2E-01 1.5E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y 2.0E-01 1.4E-02 5.0E-04 3.6E+03 6.5E+02 NE 5.5E+02 7440-41-7 1.00E-03 60 5.E8 20E09 0Beryllium 21E8 NE 12E03 12E0 2.8E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 2.0E-03 1.4E-05 2.0E-05 36E01 6.5E-01 NE 6.4E-01 Boron 7440-42-8 1.00E-03 5.6E-08 2.0E-09 2.1E-08 NE 1.4E-03 1.3E-01 3.0E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 2.0E-01 2.0E-01 2.0E-02 3.6E+03 9.3E+03 NE 2.6E+03 Cadmium 7440-43-9 1.00E-03 5.6E-08 2.0E-09 2.1E-08 NE 4.1E-03 4.5E-01 1.1E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.0E-03 2.5E-05 2.0E-05 1.8E+01 1.2E+00 NE 1.1E+00 Calcium 7440-70-2 1.00E-03 5.6E-08 2.0E-09 2.1E-08 NE 1.0E-03 1 Y NTV NN NE Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 1.00E-03 5.6E-08 2.0E-09 2.1E-08 NE 2.8E-03 2.1E-01 4.9E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.5E+00 2.0E-02 2.7E+04 9.1E+02 NE 8.8E+02 Chromium III 16065-83-1 1.00E-03 5.6E-08 2.0E-09 2.1E-08 NE 2.8E-03 2.1E-01 4.9E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.5E+00 2.0E-02 2.7E+04 9.1E+02 NE 8.8E+02 Cobalt 7440-48-4 1.00E-03 5.6E-08 8.0E-10 8.6E-09 NE 1.2E-03 2.2E-01 5.4E-01 4.0E-04 1 Y 3.0E-04 3.0E-04 6.0E-06 5.4E+00 3.5E+01 NE 4.6E+00 Copper 7440-50-8 1.00E-03 5.6E-08 2.0E-09 2.1E-08 NE 3.1E-03 2.4E-01 5.7E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 4.0E-02 4.0E-02 7.1E+02 1.9E+03 NE 5.2E+02 Iron 7439-89-6 1.00E-03 5.6E-08 2.0E-09 2.1E-08 NE 2.9E-03 2.2E-01 5.2E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 7.0E-01 7.0E-01 1.2E+04 3.3E+04 NE 9.0E+03 Lead 7439-92-1 1.00E-03 5.6E-08 2.0E-10 2.1E-09 NE 5.5E-04 1.5E+00 3.7E+00 1.0E-04 1 Y NN NN NE Magnesium 7439-95-4 1.00E-03 5.6E-OS 2.0E-09 2.1E-08 NE 1.0E-03 1 Y NN NN NE Manganese 7439-96-5 1.00E-03 5.6E-08 2.0E-09 2.1E-08 NE 2.9E-03 2.1E-01 5.1E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.4E-01 5.6E-03 5.0E-05 2.5E+03 2.6E+02 NE 2.4E+02 Mercury 7439-97-6 1.00E-03 5.6E-08 2.0E-09 2.1E-08 NE 5.4E-03 1.4E+00 3.4E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y 3.0E-04 2.1E-05 3.0E-04 5.4E+00 9.8E-01 NE 8.3E-01 Molybdenum 7439-98-7 1.00E-03 5.6E-08 2.0E-09 2.1E-08 NE 3.BE-03 3.6E-01 8.7E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 5.0E-03 5.0E-03 8.9E+01 2.3E+02 NE 6.5E+01 Nickel 7440-02-0 1.00E-03 5.6E-08 4.0E-10 4.3E-09 NE 5.9E-04 2.2E-01 5.4E-01 2.0E-04 1 Y 2.0E-02 8.0E-04 9.0E-05 3.6E+02 1.9E+02 NE 1.2E+02 Potassium 7440-09-7 1.00E-03 5.6E-08 4.0E-10 4.3E-09 NE 2.0E-04 1 Y NN NN NE Selenium 778249-2 1.00E-03 5.6E-08 2.0E-09 2.1E-08 NE 3.4E-03 2.9E-01 7.0E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 5.0E-03 5.0E-03 2.0E-02 8.9E+01 2.3E+02 NE 6.5E+01 Sodium 7440-23-5 1.00E-03 5.6E-08 1.2E-09 1.3E-08 NE 6.0E-04 1 Y NN NN NE Strontium 7440-24-6 1.00E-03 5.6E-08 2.0E-09 2.1E-08 NE 3.6E-03 3.3E-01 7.8E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 6.0E-01 6.0E-01 1.1E+04 2.8E+04 NE 7.7E+03 Thallium 7440-28-0 1.00E-03 5.6E-08 2.0E-09 2.1E-08 NE 5.5E-03 1.5E+00 3.5E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y NN NN NE Titanium 7440-32-6 1.00E-03 5.6E-08 2.0E-09 2.1E-08 NE 1.0E-03 1 Y NN NN NE Vanadium 7440-62-2 1.00E-03 5.6E-08 2.0E-09 2.1E-08 NE 2.7E-03 2.0E-01 4.9E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 5.0E-03 1.3E-04 1.0E-04 8.9E+01 6.1E+00 NE 5.7E+00 Zinc 7440-66-6 1.00E-03 5.6E-08 1.2E-09 1.3E-08 NE 1.9E-03 2.4E-01 5.9E-01 6.0E-04 1 Y 3.0E-01 3.0E-01 5.4E+03 2.3E+04 NE 4.4E+03 Nitrate 14797-SS8 1.00E-03 5.6E-08 2.0E-09 2.1E-08 NE 3.0E-03 2.3E-01 5.6E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.6E+00 1.6E+00 2.9E+04 7.5E+04 NE 2.1E+04 Sulfide 18496-258 1.00E-03 5.6E-08 7.9E-10 8.5E-09 NE 4.0E-04 1 Y NN NN NE 111112016 Page 3 of 4 ttachment C - Table 4-3 isk Based Concentration Summary arivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface Water N-SITE TRESPASSER - ADOLESCENT (AGE 6-<16) n Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Dermal Contact Yes Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04 COPC - chemical of potenital concern nc - risk based concentration based on non -cancer hazard index c - risk based concentration based , [0/RBC,nq.ti.n) + (1/RBCdermal NA - no toxicity value available; remedial not calculated COPC CASRN Risk Based Concentration I Non -Cancer (mg/L) Cancer I (mg/L) Final I (mg/L) Basis /Aluminum /4Zy-yU-0 L6t+U4 I.St+U4 nc Antimony 7440-36-0 2.0E+00 2.0E+00 nc Arsenic 7440-38-2 3.9E+00 6.0E+00 3.9E+00 nc Barium 7440-39-3 5.5E+02 5.5E+02 nc Beryllium 7440-41-7 6.4E-01 6.4E-01 nc Boron 7440-42-8 2.6E+03 2.6E+03 nc Cadmium 7440-43-9 1.1E+00 1.1E+00 nc Calcium 7440-70-2 NA Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 8.8E+02 8.8E+02 nc Chromium III 16065-83-1 8.8E+02 8.8E+02 nc Cobalt 7440-48-4 4.6E+00 4.6E+00 nc Copper 7440-50-8 5.2E+02 5.2E+02 nc Iron 7439-89-6 9.0E+03 9.0E+03 nc Lead 7439-92-1 NA Magnesium 7439-95-4 NA Manganese 7439-96-5 2.4E+02 2.4E+02 nc Mercury 7439-97-6 8.3E-01 8.3E-01 nc Molybdenum 7439-98-7 6.5E+01 6.5E+01 nc Nickel 7440-02-0 1.2E+02 1.2E+02 nc Potassium 7440-09-7 NA Selenium 7782-49-2 6.5E+01 6.5E+01 nc Sodium 7440-23-5 NA Strontium 7440-24-6 7.7E+03 7.7E+03 nc Thallium 7440-28-0 NA Titanium 7440-32-6 NA Vanadium 7440-62-2 5.7E+00 5.7E+00 nc Zinc 7440-66-6 4.4E+03 4.4E+03 nc Nitrate 14797-55-8 2.1 E+04 2.1 E+04 nc Sulfide 18496-25-8 NA 1/11/2016 Page 4 of 4 Table 4-3 Risk Based Concentration Calculations Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy Total Risk Based Concentration RBC:,,= 1 [(1/RBCmge i.)+(1/RBCderm0+(1/RBC„ap)] Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion TR RBCmge:gor = Intake;., *CSF [EPC].mt * IR * FI * EF * ED * C1 Intake;e, la,e,rouP x)= BW *AT; i retjme Cancer -Risk Based Concentration from Dermal Absorption TR RBCderm,; = DADde,,,, * CSF DADerm DAw'-„ t * SA * EV * EF * ED d (age group x)= ATrrerme DAEm t= [EPC]_, * PCevent Organic Compounds: PCevent 2 * FA. KP , 6 • r •rTevent TevenKt• _C2 4 Kp event /1+3B PCeventTevenb=t* = FA * C2 * �1 + B )+ 2 * r * I 1 +3B' + B' ) ( ) Inorganics Compounds: Tevent PCevent = C2 Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation RBC1„haut1a = TR EC_ *IUR ECcm, [EPC]VAPOR* ETVap* EF * ED * C1 (ege gmuP xI _ - 24 * AT;;ferme Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion RBC;,,geat;o„ = THI Intake;,,, / RfD Intake;, _ [EPC]water * IR * FI * EF * ED * C1 BW *AT Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption THI RBCderma; = DAD,,- / RfD DAE„e„t * DFWadj DADderm (age group x) = AT;;terme DAEm t= [EPC]_, * PCevent Organic Compounds: PCeventTevent<t• _ 2 * FA. Kp . 6 * r *rTevent Kip event 1+3B+3B' PCeventTevent =t* = FA * C2 * 1 + B -2— 1 + B Inorganics Compounds: Kp * Tevent PCevent = C2 Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation RBC;,,ha;at;o„ = THI ECn� / RfC EC„� _ [EPC]VAPOR * ETVap * EF * ED * C2 24*AT Parameter Value - Cancer Value - Non -Cancer Units CSF Chemical specific -- (mg/kg-day)" IUR Chemical specific -- (ug/m3)"' Intake Age/chemical specific -- mg/kg-day EC..„ Age/chemical specific -- (ug/m') ELCR Age/chemical specific -- unitless RfD -- Chemical specific mg/kg-day RfC -- Chemical specific (mg/m3) DAD Age/chemical specific Age/chemical specific mg/kg-day DA,t Age/chemical specific Age/chemical specific mg/cm`-event ECn� -- Age/chemical specific mg/m3 HQ -- Age/chemical specific unitless [EPCLater Chemical specific Chemical specific mg/L PCevent Chemical specific Chemical specific L/cm2-event [EPC]—r ----NOT USED--- ---NOT USED--- ug/m' BW 44 44 kg EF 45 45 day/year ED 10 10 year AT -- 3650 day ATlifetime 25550 -- day IR 0.02 0.02 L/day FI 1 1 unitless SA 3820 3820 cm2 Tevent 2.00 2 hr/event EV 1 1 event/day C1 0.001 0.001 mg/ug ETVap 2 2 hr/day C2 1000 1000 cm'/L 1/11/2016 Page 1 of 4 Attachment C -Table 4-3 Risk Based Concentrations - Cancer -Based Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface water ON -SITE TRESPASSER -ADOLESCENT (AGE 6-06) Exoosure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Dermal Contact Yes Duke Energy Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1E-04 INC - not carcinogenic by this exposure route NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration CSF - cancer slope factor RBC -risk based concentration NTV- no toxicity value available DAD- dermally absorbed dose ASS- absorption factor UR- cancer .,it risk COPC- chemical of potential concern EPD- effective permeability domain Intake Calculations Tapwater Dermal Parameters Cancer ToxicityValues COPC CASRN EPC Intake�na„non DA_. DADa,.m,i ECv„or B t* Kp FA In EPD? Mutagenic CSFo„ i CSFa„m,i IUR RBCi„e„no, RBCa,.ma RBC.,00r RBCmt,i (ii (mg/kg/day) (mg/kg/day) (mg/kg/day) (ug/m') (on Uses) (hr/event) (hr) (cm/hr) (unitless) (YIN) MOA? (mg/kg/day)-' (mg/kg/day)-' (ug/m')-' (m /L m /L m /L m /L g) Ig) (g) Ig) Chromium VI (her —lent) 18540-29.9 1.00E-03 24E-08 4.0E-09 1.8E-08 NE 5.5E-03 2.1E-01 4.9E-01 2.0E-03 1 Y Y 5.0E-01 2.0E+01 8.4E-02 8.3E*00 2.7E-01 NE 2.8E-01 1/8/2016 Pace 2 of 4 4ttachment C - Table 4-3 Risk Based Concentrations - Non -cancer -Based 3erivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface water ON -SITE TRESPASSER - ADOLESCENT (AGE 6.16) human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites 3uke Energy COPC CASRN EPC Intake;nge,a„ DAe.em (mglL) (mg/kglday) (mglkg/day) (mglkgld: Chromium VI (h—alent) 18540-29-9 1.00E-03 5.6E-08 4.0E-09 4.3E-08 Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Dermal Contact Yes Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) tE+00 - chemical of Dotential concern B i t- K FA In EPD. Rlk).J � RfDae,m,; RfC RBC;nge,a„ RBC;ng„a„ RgCgd, m,i RB et, P � Cn ; glm') (unitless) (hr/event) (hr) (cmlhr) (unitless) (Y/N) (mg/kg/day) (mg/kg/day) (mglm') (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) NE 5.5E-03 2.1E-01 4.9E-01 2.0E-03 1 Y 3.0E-03 7.5E-05 1.0E-04 5.4E+01 1.8E+00 NE 1.7E+00 1/8/2016 Page 3 of 4 ttachment C - Table 4-3 isk Based Concentration Summary arivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface water N-SITE TRESPASSER - ADOLESCENT (AGE 6-<16) n Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Dermal Contact Yes Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04 COPC - chemical of potenital concern nc -risk based concentration based on non -cancer hazard index c -risk based concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicity value available; remedial not calculated COPC CASRN Risk Based Concentration I Non -Cancer (mg/L) Cancer (mg/L) Final (mg/L) Basis Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 1.7E+00 2.6E-01 2.6E-01 c 1 /8/2016 Page 4 of 4 Attachment C - Table 4-3 Risk Based Concentration Calculations Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy Total Risk Based Concentration RBCo 1 I �I = [(1/RBCmgescion) + (1/RBCaermel) + (1/RBCoap)] Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion RBO,ng�,;on = TR Intake;ng *CSF [EPC]weter * IFWadj * FI Intake;ng(age group x)= BW*AT lifetim Cancer -Risk Based Concentration from Dermal Absorption TR RBCdemal = DADde,n, *CSF DADde,,,, (age etupx) = DAE,ent * DFWadj g ATlifedme DAE„e„ = [EPC]_, * PCevent Organic Compounds: PCevent 2 * FA * C2 , 6 * x *rTevent Tevent<t* _ Kp Tevent 1+3B+3W PCeventTevent>=t* = FA * C2 * 1 + B + 2 * T * C 1 + B e ) Inorganics Compounds: Kp * Tevent PCevent = C2 Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation TR RBC;n o n lotion = EC— * IUR [EPC]VAPOR* ETvop * EF * ED * C1 EC— (age group xl = 24 * ATliwme Noneaneer-Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion RBC;ng.,;on = THI Intake;ng / RfD Intake;ng = [EPC]weter * IR * FI * EF * ED * C1 BW * AT Noneaneer-Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption THI RBCde,rna; = DADde,,,, / RfD DAD e,,,, DAE„e,,, * SA * EV * EF * ED d (age getup x) = BW * AT DAE„en, = [EPC]_, * PCevent Organic Compounds: PCevent 2 * FA * Cz , F6. T *T event Tevent<t* _ Kp event 1 + 3B + 3Be PCeventTevent>=t* = FA' * * 1 + B -2— 1 + B ( ) C2 Inorganics Compounds: Kp * Tevent PCevent= C2 Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation THI RBC;n Halation = ECno / RfC ECn� _ [EPC]VAPOR * ETvop * EF * ED * C1 24 * AT Parameter Value - Cancer Value - Non -Cancer Units CSF Chemical speck -- (mg/kg-day)-' IUR Chemical specNc -- (ug/ri Intake Age/chemical specific — mgtkg-day EC-, Age/chemical specific — (ug/m') ELCR Age/chemical speck — unitless RID — Chemical specific mg/kg-day R1C — Chemical specific (mgmi DAD Age/chemical specific Age/chemical specific mg/kg-day DAswm Age/chemical specific Age/chemical specific mg/cmx-event EC,, — Age/chemical specific ni HO — Age/chemical specific unitless [EPCj—, Chemical specific Chemical specific mg/L PCevent Chemical specific Chemical specific L/cm`-event [EPCj, r —NOT USED----- -----NOT USED— ug/ma BW NA 44 kg EF 45 45 daytyear ED 10 10 year AT — 3650 day ATlifetime 25550 — day IFWadj 1 — L/kg IR 0 0 L/day FI NA 0.02 unitless SA 0.613636364 0 cm2 Tevent 0.00 0 hr/event EV NA 3820 even/day DFWadj 2 2 events-cm2/kg C1 0.001 0.001 mg/ug ETVap 39068.18182 NA hr/day C2 1000 1000 cmi 1 /6/2016 Page 1 of 5 to Outdoor Air EPC Calculations of Risk Based Concentrations - Soil 1AL/INDUSTRIAL - COMMERCIAL WORKER (ADULT n Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Energy = EPClsoiy x PARTICULATEtgial x 1 E-06 [kg/mg] = (1/PEF' 1E+09 ug/kg) or Measured/Modelled (m'/kg) = Q/C x [(3600 s/hr) / ((0.036 x (1- V) x (Um/U,)' x F(x) )] PARAMETER/DEFINITION UNITS DEFAULT Source PARTICULATE, / Particulate concentration in air 0.03279 Calculated or measured Measured or modeled PARTICULATE, ug/m' Measured value PEF / Particulate emission factor m3/kg Guidance value PEF / Particulate emission factor m3/kg 3.05E+10 Calculated here Q/C / inverse of the mean concentration at the center of a 0.5-acre-square source g/m2-s per kg/m' 36.80 Calculated I USEPA, 2014 V / Fraction of vegetative cover unitless 0.5 Site -specific, estimated Um / mean annual windspeed m/a 3.44 Site -specific / USEPA, 2014 U, / equivalent threshold value of wind speed at 7 m m/a 11.32 USEPA, 2014 F(x) I function dependant on Ul derived using Cowherd at al. (1985) unitless 8.60E-03 Calculated I USEPA, 2014 USEPA, 2014. Regional Screening Levels. Climactic zone: Phoenix Arizona Area of Source: CASRN COPC EPC Soil (.9l EPC Particulate (ug/m') 7429-90-5 Aluminum 1 3.3E-08 7440-36-0 Antimony 1 3.3E-08 7440-38-2 Arsenic 1 3.3E-08 7440-39-3 Barium 1 3.3E-08 7440-41-7 Beryllium 1 3.3E-08 7440-42-8 Boron 1 3.3E-08 7440-43-9 Cadmium 1 3.3E-08 7440-70-2 Calcium 1 3.3E-08 7440-47-3 Chromium, Total 1 3.3E-08 16065-83-1 Chromium III 1 3.3E-08 7440-48-4 Cobalt 1 3.3E-08 7440-50-8 Copper 1 3.3E-08 7439-89-6 Iron 1 3.3E-08 7439-92-1 Lead 1 3.3E-08 7439-95-4 Magnesium 1 3.3E-08 7439-96-5 Manganese 1 3.3E-08 7439-97-6 Mercury 1 3.3E-08 7439-98-7 Molybdenum 1 3.3E-08 7440-02-0 Nickel 1 3.3E-08 7440-09-7 Potassium 1 3.3E-08 Specific to size of Exposure Area 1/8/2016 Page 2 of 5 :hment D - Table 4-4 Based Concentrations - Cancer -Based ,ation of Risk Based Concentrations - Soil MERCIALIINDUSTRIAL - COMMERCIAL WORKER (ADULT) an Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Dermal Contact Yes Particulate Inhalation Yes Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04 NC - not carcinogenic by this exposure route NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration CSF - cancer slope factor RBC - risk based concentration NTV - no toxicity value available DAD - dermally absorbed dose ABS - absorption factor UR - cancer unit risk COPC - chemical of potential concern Intake Calculations Absorption Factors Cancer Toxicity Values Intakein-1 p (mglkglday) DAD-- (mglkglday) ECp.,l- (uglm') EC,,,n« (uglm') ABSABSd (unitless) limitless) CSF_1 I (mglkglday)-' CSFd««.1 (mglkglday)-' IUR (uglm')-' COPC CASRN RBC;pge . RBCd.,mai RBCp,nw,j r RBC„p„ RBC�o�ai Aluminum 7429-90-5 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Antimony 7440-36-0 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Arsenic 7440-38-2 1.8E-07 3.8E-08 1.3E-09 NE 0.6 0.03 1.5E+00 1.5E+00 4.3E-03 3.6E+02 1.7E+03 1.7E+07 NE 3.0E+02 Barium 7440-39-3 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Beryllium 7440-41-7 NC NC 1.3E-09 NE NC NC 2.4E-03 NC NC 3.1E+07 NE 3.1E+07 Boron 7440-42-8 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Cadmium 7440-43-9 NC NC 1.3E-09 NE NC NC 1.8E-03 NC NC 4.2E+07 NE 4.2E+07 Calcium 7440-70-2 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Chromium III 16065-83-1 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Cobalt 7440-48-4 NC NC 1.3E-09 NE NC NC 9.0E-03 NC NC 8.3E+06 NE 8.3E+06 Copper 7440-50-8 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Iron 7439-89-6 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Lead 7439-92-1 NC NC NC NE 1 NC NC NC NE Magnesium 7439-95-4 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Manganese 7439-96-5 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Mercury 7439-97-6 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Molybdenum 7439-98-7 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Nickel 7440-02-0 NC NC 1.3E-09 NE NC NC 2.4E-04 NC NC 3.1E+08 NE 3.1E+08 Potassium 7440-09-7 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Selenium 7782-49-2 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Sodium 7440-23-5 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Strontium 7440-24-6 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Thallium 7440-28-0 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Titanium 7440-32-6 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Vanadium 7440-62-2 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Zinc 7440-66-6 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Nitrate 14797-55-8 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Sulfide 18496-25-8 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 3.1E-07 1.3E-09 NE 1 5.0E-01 2.0E+01 8.4E-02 6.5E+02 8.9E+05 NE 6.5E+02 1/8/2016 Page 3 of 5 Attachment D - Table 4-4 Risk Based Concentrations - Non -cancer -Based Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Soil COMMERCIAL/INDUSTRIAL - COMMERCIAL WORKER (ADULT) Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Dermal Contact Yes Particulate Inhalation Yes Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 NV -not volatile EC - exposure concentration RID - reference dose RBC - risk based concentration COPC - chemical of potential concern NTV - no toxicity value available DAD - dermally absorbed dose ABS - absorption factor RfC - reference concentration Intake Calculations I Absorption Factors Non -Cancer Toxicity Values COPC CASRN I Intake;ppesdap IDADdermai ECa.m.m.b EC-p« ABSixc ABSd RfDarai RfDdermai RfC RBC;naeadpp RBCder ., RBCr, ..,are RBC,,_ RBCm„i (mg/kg/day) (mg/kg/day) (mglm3) (mg/m') (unitless) (unitless) (mg/kglday) (mglkg/day) I (mg/m) Aluminum 7429-90-5 8.6E-07 3.7E-12 NE 1 1.0E+00 1.0E+00 5.0E-03 1.2E+06 1.3E+09 NE 1.2E+06 Antimony 7440-36-0 8.6E-07 3.7E-12 NE 1 4.0E-04 6.0E-05 4.7E+02 NTV NE 4.7E+02 Arsenic 7440-38-2 5.1E-07 1.1E-07 3.7E-12 NE 0.6 0.03 3.0E-04 3.0E-04 1.5E-05 5.8E+02 2.8E+03 4.0E+06 NE 4.8E+02 Barium 7440-39-3 8.6E-07 3.7E-12 NE 1 2.0E-01 1.4E-02 5.0E-04 2.3E+05 1.3E+08 NE 2.3E+05 Beryllium 7440-41-7 8.6E-07 3.7E-12 NE 1 2.0E-03 1.4E-05 2.0E-05 2.3E+03 5.3E+06 NE 2.3E+03 Boron 7440-42-8 8.6E-07 3.7E-12 NE 1 2.0E-01 2.0E-01 2.0E-02 2.3E+05 5.3E+09 NE 2.3E+05 Cadmium 7440-43-9 8.6E-07 3.6E-09 3.7E-12 NE 1 0.001 1.0E-03 2.5E-05 2.0E-05 1.2E+03 7.0E+03 5.3E+06 NE 1.0E+03 Calcium 7440-70-2 8.6E-07 3.7E-12 NE 1 NTV NTV NTV NE Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 8.6E-07 3.7E-12 NE 1 1.5E+00 2.0E-02 1.8E+06 NTV NE 1.8E+06 Chromium III 16065-83-1 8.6E-07 3.7E-12 NE 1 1.5E+00 2.0E-02 1.8E+06 NTV NE 1.8E+06 Cobalt 7440-48-4 8.6E-07 3.7E-12 NE 1 3.0E-04 3.0E-04 6.0E-06 3.5E+02 1.6E+06 NE 3.5E+02 Copper 7440-50-8 8.6E-07 3.7E-12 NE 1 4.0E-02 4.0E-02 4.7E+04 NTV NE 4.7E+04 Iron 7439-89-6 8.6E-07 3.7E-12 NE 1 7.0E-01 7.0E-01 8.2E+05 NTV NE 8.2E+05 Lead 7439-92-1 8.6E-07 3.7E-12 NE 1 NTV NTV NTV NE Magnesium 7439-95-4 8.6E-07 3.7E-12 NE 1 NTV NTV NTV NE Manganese 7439-96-5 8.6E-07 3.7E-12 NE 1 1.4E-01 5.6E-03 5.0E-05 1.6E+05 1.3E+07 NE 1.6E+05 Mercury 7439-97-6 8.6E-07 3.7E-12 NE 1 3.0E-04 2.1E-05 3.0E-04 3.5E+02 8.0E+07 NE 3.5E+02 Molybdenum 7439-98-7 8.6E-07 3.7E-12 NE 1 5.0E-03 5.0E-03 5.8E+03 NTV NE 5.8E+03 Nickel 7440-02-0 8.6E-07 3.7E-12 NE 1 2.0E-02 8.0E-04 9.0E-05 2.3E+04 2.4E+07 NE 2.3E+04 Potassium 7440-09-7 8.6E-07 3.7E-12 NE 1 NTV NTV NTV NE Selenium 7782-49-2 8.6E-07 3.7E-12 NE 1 5.0E-03 5.0E-03 2.0E-02 5.8E+03 5.3E+09 NE 5.8E+03 Sodium 7440-23-5 8.6E-07 3.7E-12 NE 1 NTV NTV NTV NE Strontium 7440-24-6 8.6E-07 3.7E-12 NE 1 6.0E-01 6.0E-01 7.0E+05 NTV NE 7.0E+05 Thallium 7440-28-0 8.6E-07 3.7E-12 NE 1 1.0E-05 1.0E-05 1.2E+01 NTV NE 1.2E+01 Titanium 7440-32-6 8.6E-07 3.7E-12 NE 1 NTV NTV NTV NE Vanadium 7440-62-2 8.6E-07 3.7E-12 NE 1 5.0E-03 1.3E-04 1.0E-04 5.8E+03 2.7E+07 NE 5.8E+03 Zinc 7440-66-6 8.6E-07 3.7E-12 NE 1 3.0E-01 3.0E-01 3.5E+05 NTV NE 3.5E+05 Nitrate 14797-55-8 8.6E-07 3.7E-12 NE 1 1.6E+00 1.6E+00 1.9E+06 NTV NE 1.9E+06 Sulfide 18496-25-8 8.6E-07 3.7E-12 NE 1 NTV NTV NTV NE Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 8.6E-07 3.7E-12 NE 1 3.0E-03 7.5E-05 1.0E-04 3.5E+03 2.7E+07 NE 3.5E+03 1/8/2016 Page 4 of 5 Attachment D - Table 4-4 Risk Based Concentration Summary Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Soil COMMERCIAL/INDUSTRIAL - COMMERCIAL WORKER (ADULT) Exposure Routes Evaluated Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Incidental Ingestion Yes Duke Energy Dermal Contact Yes Particulate Inhalation Yes Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 Tar et Cancer Risk er Chemical 1 E-04 COPC - chemical of potential concern nc - risk based concentration based on non -cancer hazard index c - risk based concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicity value available; remedial goal not calculated COPC CASRN Risk Based Concentration I Non -Cancer (mg/kg) I Cancer (mg/kg) Final (mg/kg) Basis Aluminum /42U-W-b I.ZL+Ub I.ZL+Ue nc Antimony 7440-36-0 4.7E+02 4.7E+02 nc Arsenic 7440-38-2 4.8E+02 3.0E+02 3.0E+02 c Barium 7440-39-3 2.3E+05 2.3E+05 nc Beryllium 7440-41-7 2.3E+03 3.1E+07 2.3E+03 nc Boron 7440-42-8 2.3E+05 2.3E+05 nc Cadmium 7440-43-9 1.0E+03 4.2E+07 1.0E+03 nc Calcium 7440-70-2 NA Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 1.8E+06 1.8E+06 nc Chromium III 16065-83-1 1.8E+06 1.8E+06 nc Cobalt 7440-48-4 3.5E+02 8.3E+06 3.5E+02 nc Copper 7440-50-8 4.7E+04 4.7E+04 nc Iron 7439-89-6 8.2E+05 8.2E+05 nc Lead 7439-92-1 NA Magnesium 7439-95-4 NA Manganese 7439-96-5 1.6E+05 1.6E+05 nc Mercury 7439-97-6 3.5E+02 3.5E+02 nc Molybdenum 7439-98-7 5.8E+03 5.8E+03 nc Nickel 7440-02-0 2.3E+04 3.1E+08 2.3E+04 nc Potassium 7440-09-7 NA Selenium 7782-49-2 5.8E+03 5.8E+03 nc Sodium 7440-23-5 NA Strontium 7440-24-6 7.0E+05 7.0E+05 nc Thallium 7440-28-0 1.2E+01 1.2E+01 nc Titanium 7440-32-6 NA Vanadium 7440-62-2 5.8E+03 5.8E+03 nc Zinc 7440-66-6 3.5E+05 3.5E+05 nc Nitrate 14797-55-8 1.9E+06 1.9E+06 nc Sulfide 18496-25-8 NA 1 /8/2016 Page 5 of 5 Table 4.4 Risk Based Concentration Calculations Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy Total Remedial Goal RBCmtal = 1 [(1 /RBCingeatlon) + (1 /RBCde„na) + (1 /RBCPe,) + (1 /RBC,aP)] Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion RBC;ng,s bu = TR / Intakeng * CSF [EPC]aoll * IR * ABSING * FI * EF * ED * C1 Intakeng (age group x)= BW. * AT Ircauma Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption RBCdeu aI = TR / DAD * CSF DAEvent * SA * EV * EF * ED DADdern,(age group ,)= BW. * ATlrcauma DAE—t = [EPC]*oII * ABSd * AF * C1 Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion RBC,ngeatmn= THI Intakeng / RfD Intakeng = [EPC]so;I * IR * ABS;ng * FI * EF * ED * C1 BW * AT Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption RBCd... I= THI DAD / RfD DADdenn = DAEvent * SA * EV * EF * ED BW * AT DAE—t = [EPC]*oII * ABSd * AF * C1 Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation RBC;nhalatlon = TR / ECoan * IUR EC�n (age _ [EPC]PART * ETPad * EF * ED --- OR--- [EPC]vAPOR * ETvap* EF * ED s group xl_ 24 * AT rreaa,e Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation RBC;ahalauon= THI ECno / RfC EC- = [EPC]PART * ETPa,t * EF * ED * C2 --- OR--- [EPC]vAPOR * ETvap* EF * ED * C2 24 *AT Parameter Value - Cancer Value - Non -Cancer Units CSF Chemical specific (mg/kg-day)-' IUR Chemical specific (ug/m')-' Intake Age/chemical specific mg/kg-day ECoan Age/chemical specific (ug/m') ELCR Age/chemical specific unitless RfD Chemical specific mg/kg-day RfC Chemical specific (mg/m') DAD Age/chemical specific Age/chemical specific mg/kg-day DAE-nt Age/chemical specific Age/chemical specific mg/cm2-event ECno Age/chemical specific mg/ma HQ Age/chemical specific unitless [EPC]so;I Chemical specific Chemical specific mg/kg [EPC]PART Attachment D - TABLE Attachment D - TABLE ug/m' EPC [ ]VAPOR Attachment D - TABLE Attachment D - TABLE ug/m' ABS;ng Chemical specific Chemical specific unitless ABSd Chemical specific Chemical specific unitless BW 80 80 kg EF 250 250 day/year ED 25 25 year AT -- 9125 day ATlifetime 25550 day IR 100 100 mg/day FI 1 1 unitless C1 0.000001 0.000001 kg/mg SA 3470 3470 cm2 AF 0.12 0.12 mg/cm2 EV 1 1 event/day ETPart 4 4 hours/day C2 0.001 0.001 mg/ug ETVap 8 8 hours/day 1 /8/2016 Page 1 of 4 Attachment E - Table 4-5 Risk Based Concentrations - Cancer -Based Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment COMMERCIAL/INDUSTRIAL - COMMERCIAL WORKER (ADULT) Exposure Routes Evaluated Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Incidental Ingestion Yes Duke Energy Dermal Contact Yes Particulate Inhalation No Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04 NC - not carcinogenic by this emosure route NV - not volatile EC - emosure concentration CSF - cancer slope factor RBC - risk based concentration NTV - no toxcity value available Attachment E - DAD - dermally absorbed dose ABS -absorption factor UR - cancer unit risk COPC - chemical of potential concern Intake Calculations Absorption Factors Cancer Toxicity Values COPC CASRN [—Inlak...s�. DADd—.1 ECr_., �e (ug/m') EC.anorABSING (ug/m') (unitless) ABSd (unitless) CSF_1 (mg/kg/day)-' CSFder,1 (mg/kg/day)-' IUR (uglm')-' RBCj.�jo„ RBCd: .1 RBCP.mj__ RBC(mg(mg/kg/day) Aluminum 7429-90-5 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Antimony 7440-36-0 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Arsenic 7440-38-2 4.4E-10 3.0E-10 NE NE 0.6 0.03 1.5E+00 1.5E+00 4.3E-03 1.5E+05 2.3E+05 NE NE 9.1E+04 Barium 7440-39-3 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Beryllium 7440-41-7 INC NC NE NE NC NC 2.4E-03 INC NC NE NE Boron 7440-42-8 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Cadmium 7440-43-9 INC NC NE NE NC NC 1.8E-03 INC NC NE NE Calcium 7440-70-2 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Chromium III 16065-83-1 INC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Cobalt 7440-48-4 NC NC NE NE NC NC 9.0E-03 NC NC NE NE Copper 7440-50-8 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Iron 7439-89-6 INC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Lead 7439-92-1 NC NC NE NE 1 INC NC NE NE Magnesium 7439-95-4 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Manganese 7439-96-5 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Mercury 7439-97-6 INC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Molybdenum 7439-98-7 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Nickel 7440-02-0 INC NC NE NE NC NC 2.4E-04 INC NC NE NE Potassium 7440-09-7 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Selenium 7782-49-2 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Sodium 7440-23-5 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Strontium 7440-24-6 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Thallium 7440-28-0 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Titanium 7440-32-6 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Vanadium 7440-62-2 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Zinc 7440-66-6 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Nitrate 14797-55-8 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Sulfide 18496-25-8 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 7.3E-10 NE NE 1 5.0E-01 2.0E+01 8.4E-02 2.7E+05 NE NE 2.7E+05 1/6/2016 Page 2 of 4 Attachment E - Table 4-5 Risk Based Concentrations - Non -cancer -Based Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment COMMERCIALIINDUSTRIAL - COMMERCIAL WORKER (ADULT) Exoosure Routes Evaluated Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Incidental Ingestion Yes Duke Energy Dermal Contact Yes Particulate Inhalation No Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 NV -not volatile EC - exposure concentration RfD - reference dose RBC - risk based concentration COPC - chemical of potential concern NTV - no toxicity value available DAD - dermally absorbed dose ABS - absorption factor RfC - reference concentration Intake Calculations I Absorption Factors Non -Cancer Toxicity Values COPC CASRN I Intake;npesdnn IDADdermai ECa.m.m.b EC_p« ABSixc ABSd RfDarai RfDdermai RfC RBC;naeadpn RBCde--I RBCr, ..,are RBC,,._ RBCm„i (mg/kg/day) (mg/kg/day) (mglm3) (mg/m') (unitless) (unitless) (mg/kglday) (mglkg/day) I (mglm) Aluminum 7429-90-5 2.1E-09 NE NE 1 1.0E+00 1.0E+00 5.0E-03 4.9E+08 NE NE 4.9E+08 Antimony 7440-36-0 2.1E-09 NE NE 1 4.0E-04 6.0E-05 1.9E+05 NE NE 1.9E+05 Arsenic 7440-38-2 1.2E-09 8.3E-10 NE NE 0.6 0.03 3.0E-04 3.0E-04 1.5E-05 2.4E+05 3.6E+05 NE NE 1.5E+05 Barium 7440-39-3 2.1E-09 NE NE 1 2.0E-01 1.4E-02 5.0E-04 9.7E+07 NE NE 9.7E+07 Beryllium 7440-41-7 2.1E-09 NE NE 1 2.0E-03 1.4E-05 2.0E-05 9.7E+05 NE NE 9.7E+05 Boron 7440-42-8 2.1E-09 NE NE 1 2.0E-01 2.0E-01 2.0E-02 9.7E+07 NE NE 9.7E+07 Cadmium 7440-43-9 2.1E-09 2.8E-11 NE NE 1 0.001 1.0E-03 2.5E-05 2.0E-05 4.9E+05 9.1E+05 NE NE 3.2E+05 Calcium 7440-70-2 2.1E-09 NE NE 1 NTV NTV NE NE Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 2.1E-09 NE NE 1 1.5E+00 2.0E-02 7.3E+08 NE NE 7.3E+08 Chromium III 16065-83-1 2.1E-09 NE NE 1 1.5E+00 2.0E-02 7.3E+08 NE NE 7.3E+08 Cobalt 7440-48-4 2.1E-09 NE NE 1 3.0E-04 3.0E-04 6.0E-06 1.5E+05 NE NE 1.5E+05 Copper 7440-50-8 2.1E-09 NE NE 1 4.0E-02 4.0E-02 1.9E+07 NE NE 1.9E+07 Iron 7439-89-6 2.1E-09 NE NE 1 7.0E-01 7.0E-01 3.4E+08 NE NE 3.4E+08 Lead 7439-92-1 2.1E-09 NE NE 1 NTV NTV NE NE Magnesium 7439-95-4 2.1E-09 NE NE 1 NTV NTV NE NE Manganese 7439-96-5 2.1E-09 NE NE 1 1.4E-01 5.6E-03 5.0E-05 6.8E+07 NE NE 6.8E+07 Mercury 7439-97-6 2.1E-09 NE NE 1 3.0E-04 2.1E-05 3.0E-04 1.5E+05 NE NE 1.5E+05 Molybdenum 7439-98-7 2.1E-09 NE NE 1 5.0E-03 5.0E-03 2.4E+06 NE NE 2.4E+06 Nickel 7440-02-0 2.1E-09 NE NE 1 2.0E-02 8.0E-04 9.0E-05 9.7E+06 NE NE 9.7E+06 Potassium 7440-09-7 2.1E-09 NE NE 1 NTV NTV NE NE Selenium 7782-49-2 2.1E-09 NE NE 1 5.0E-03 5.0E-03 2.0E-02 2.4E+06 NE NE 2.4E+06 Sodium 7440-23-5 2.1E-09 NE NE 1 NTV NTV NE NE Strontium 7440-24-6 2.1E-09 NE NE 1 6.0E-01 6.0E-01 2.9E+08 NE NE 2.9E+08 Thallium 7440-28-0 2.1E-09 NE NE 1 1.0E-05 1.0E-05 4.9E+03 NE NE 4.9E+03 Titanium 7440-32-6 2.1E-09 NE NE 1 NTV NTV NE NE Vanadium 7440-62-2 2.1E-09 NE NE 1 5.0E-03 1.3E-04 1.0E-04 2.4E+06 NE NE 2.4E+06 Zinc 7440-66-6 2.1E-09 NE NE 1 3.0E-01 3.0E-01 1.5E+08 NE NE 1.5E+08 Nitrate 14797-55-8 2.1E-09 NE NE 1 1.6E+00 1.6E+00 7.8E+08 NE NE 7.8E+08 Sulfide 18496-25-8 2.1E-09 NE NE 1 NTV NTV NE NE Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 2.1E-09 NE NE 1 3.0E-03 7.5E-05 1.0E-04 1.5E+06 NE NE 1.5E+06 1/6/2016 Page 3 of 4 Attachment E - Table 4-5 Risk Based Concentration Summary Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment COMMERCIAL/INDUSTRIAL - COMMERCIAL WORKER (ADULT) Exposure Routes Evaluated Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Incidental Ingestion Yes Duke Energy Dermal Contact Yes Particulate Inhalation No Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04 COPC - chemical of potential concern nc - risk based concentration based on non -cancer hazard index c - risk based concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicity value available; risk based concentration not calculated COPC CASRN Risk Based Concentration I Non -Cancer (mg/kg) I Cancer (mg/kg) I Final (mg/kg) Basis Aluminum 1429-90-b 4.91=+06 4.91=+06 nc Antimony 7440-36-0 1.9E+05 1.9E+05 nc Arsenic 7440-38-2 1.5E+05 9.1 E+04 9.1 E+04 c Barium 7440-39-3 9.7E+07 9.7E+07 nc Beryllium 7440-41-7 9.7E+05 9.7E+05 nc Boron 7440-42-8 9.7E+07 9.7E+07 nc Cadmium 7440-43-9 3.2E+05 3.2E+05 nc Calcium 7440-70-2 NA Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 7.3E+08 7.3E+08 nc Chromium III 16065-83-1 7.3E+08 7.3E+08 nc Cobalt 7440-48-4 1.5E+05 1.5E+05 nc Copper 7440-50-8 1.9E+07 1.9E+07 nc Iron 7439-89-6 3.4E+08 3.4E+08 nc Lead 7439-92-1 NA Magnesium 7439-954 NA Manganese 7439-96-5 6.8E+07 6.8E+07 nc Mercury 7439-97-6 1.5E+05 1.5E+05 nc Molybdenum 7439-98-7 2.4E+06 2.4E+06 nc Nickel 7440-02-0 9.7E+06 9.7E+06 nc Potassium 7440-09-7 NA Selenium 7782-49-2 2.4E+06 2.4E+06 nc Sodium 7440-23-5 NA Strontium 7440-24-6 2.9E+08 2.9E+08 nc Thallium 7440-28-0 4.9E+03 4.9E+03 nc Titanium 7440-32-6 NA Vanadium 7440-62-2 2.4E+06 2.4E+06 nc Zinc 7440-66-6 1.5E+08 1.5E+08 nc Nitrate 14797-55-8 7.8E+08 7.8E+08 nc Sulfide 18496-25-8 NA Chromium A (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 1.5E+06 2.7E+05 2.7E+05 c 1 /6/2016 Page 4 of 4 Table 4-5 Risk Based Concentration Calculations Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy Total Risk Based Concentration RBC,,, = 1 [(1/R13C,,,gestlon) + (1/RBCdem,el) + (1/RBCpart) + (1/RBCvap)] Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion RBC;ngestlon = TR / Intake;ng* CSF [EPC]saI * IR * ABSING * FI * EF * ED * C1 Intake;ng (age group x) _ BW. ` ATIlfetlme Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption RBCde,roa, = TR / DAD * CSF DAD e m DAEVenf * SA * EV * EF * ED d (age group = BW. * AT Ilfetlme DAEoenf = [EPC].,, * ABSd * AF * C1 Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion THI RBC,ngastlnn = Intake;ng / RfD Intake;ng = [EPC]sg; * IR * ABS;ng * FI * EF * ED * C1 BW * AT Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption RBCda,n,al = THI DAD / RfD DADdam, = DAE111 * SA * EV * EF * ED BW * AT DAEvenf = [EPC].;; * ABSd * AF * C1 Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation RBC;nna;atlao = TR / ECoan * IUR [EPC]PART * ETPart * EF * ED --- OR--- [EPC]vAPOR * ETVap* EF * ED EC an (age group xl = 24 * AT;;f ume Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation THI RBC;nnalaunn = ECno / RfC ECnu, = [EPC]PART * ETPart * EF * ED * C2 --- OR--- [EPC]vAPOR * ETVap * EF * ED * C2 24 * AT Parameter Value - Cancer Value - Non -Cancer Units CSF Chemical specific (mg/kg-day)-' IUR Chemical specific (ug/m')-' Intake Age/chemical specific mg/kg-day ECG Age/chemical specific (ug/m') ELCR Age/chemical specific unitless RfD Chemical specific mg/kg-day RfC Chemical specific (mg/m3) DAD Age/chemical specific Age/chemical specific mg/kg-day DAEven, Age/chemical specific Age/chemical specific mg/cm2-event ECno Age/chemical specific mg/ma HQ Age/chemical specific unitless [EPC]so;; Chemical specific Chemical specific mg/kg [EPC]PART Attachment E - TABLE Attachment E - TABLE ug/m' [EPC]VAPOR Attachment E - TABLE Attachment E - TABLE ug/m3 ABS;ng Chemical specific Chemical specific unitless ABSd Chemical specific Chemical specific unitless BW 80 80 kg EF 12 12 day/year ED 25 25 year AT -- 9125 day ATlifetime 25550 -- day IR 5 5 mg/day FI 1 1 unitless C1 0.000001 0.000001 kg/mg SA 670 670 cm2 AF 0.1 0.1 mg/cm2 EV 1 1 event/day ETPart 4 4 hours/day C2 0.001 0.001 mg/ug ETVap 8 8 hours/day 1/6/2016 Pace 1 of 4 Attachment F -Table 4-6 Risk Based Concentrations - Cancer -Based Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Seep Water COMMERCIAL/INDUSTRIAL -COMMERCIAL WORKER (ADULT) Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion No Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Dermal Contact Yes Duke Energy Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04 NC - not carcinogenic by this exposure route NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration CSF - cancer slope factor RBC - risk based concentration NTV - no toxicity value avai Attachment F - DAD - dermally absorbed dose ABS - absorption factor UR - cancer unit risk COPC - chemical of potenital concern In take Calculations Ta water Dermal Parameters Cancer Toxicit Values COPC CASRN EPC Ftake;d DP,�„n DADd.,;. EC,,,m, B t• t• Kp FA In EPD? CSF,,,; CSFd,1 IUR RBC;ngu.n RBCd.nn.i RBC_., RBCr(gc)g/kglday) (mglkglday) (mg/kglday) (uglm') (unitless) (hr/event) (hr) (cmlhr) (unitless) (Y/N) (mglkglday)-' (mg/kglday)-' (uglm')-' (mg1L) (mg1L) (mg/L) (mglL) Aluminum 7429-90-5 1.00E-03 NE NC NC NE 2.0E-03 1.5E-01 3.6E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NE -- NE Antimony 7440-36-0 1.00E-03 NE NC NC NE 4.2E-03 5.1E-01 1.2E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y NE -- NE Arsenic 7440-38-2 1.00E-03 NE 4.0E-09 3.9E-10 NE 3.3E-03 2.8E-01 6.6E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.5E+00 1.5E+00 4.3E-03 NE 1.7E+02 NE 1.7E+02 Barium 7440-39-3 1.00E-03 NE NC NC NE 4.5E-03 6.2E-01 1.5E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y NE -- NE Beryllium 7440-41-7 1.00E-03 NE NC NC NE 1.2E-03 1.2E-01 2.8E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 2.4E-03 NE -- NE Boron 7440-42-8 1.00E-03 NE NC NC NE 1.4E-03 1.3E-01 3.0E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NE -- NE Cadmium 7440-43-9 1.00E-03 NE NC NC NE 4.1E-03 4.5E-01 1.1E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.8E-03 NE -- NE Calcium 7440-70-2 1.00E-03 NE NC NC NE 1.0E-03 1 Y NE -- NE Chromium,Total 7440-47-3 1.00E-03 NE NC NC NE 2.8E-03 2.1E-01 4.9E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NE -- NE Chromium III 16065-83-1 1.00E-03 NE NC NC NE 2.8E-03 2.1E-01 4.9E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NE -- NE Cobalt 7440-48-4 1.00E-03 NE NC NC NE 1.2E-03 2.2E-01 5.4E-01 4.0E-04 1 Y 9.0E-03 NE -- NE Copper 7440-50-8 1.00E-03 NE NC NC NE 3.1E-03 2.4E-01 5.7E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NE -- NE Iron 7439-89-6 1.00E-03 NE NC NC NE 2.9E-03 2.2E-01 5.2E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NE -- NE Lead 7439-92-1 1.00E-03 NE NC NC NE 5.5E-04 1.5E+00 3.7E+00 1.0E-04 1 Y NE -- NE Magnesium 7439-954 1.00E-03 NE NC NC NE 1.0E-03 1 Y NE -- NE Manganese 7439-96-5 1.00E-03 NE NC NC NE 2.9E-03 2.1E-01 5.1E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NE -- NE Mercury 7439-97-6 1.00E-03 NE NC NC NE 5.4E-03 1.4E+00 3.4E+00 1.0E-03 i Y NE -- NE Molybdenum 7439-98-7 1.00E-03 NE NC NC NE 3.8E-03 3.6E-01 8.7E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NE -- NE Nickel 7440-02-0 1.00E-03 NE NC NC NE 5.9E-04 2.2E-01 5.4E-01 2.0E-04 1 Y 2.4E-04 NE -- NE Potassium 7440-09-7 1.00E-03 NE NC NC NE 2.0E-04 1 Y NE -- NE Selenium 7782-49-2 1.00E-03 NE NC NC NE 3.4E-03 2.9E-01 7.0E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NE -- NE Sodium 7440-23-5 1.00E-03 NE NC NC NE 6.0E-04 1 Y NE -- NE Strontium 7440-24-6 1.00E-03 NE NC NC NE 3.6E-03 3.3E-01 7.8E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NE -- NE Thallium 7440-28-0 1.00E-03 NE NC NC NE 5.5E-03 1.5E+00 3.5E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y NE -- NE Titanium 7440-32-6 1.00E-03 NE NC NC NE 1.0E-03 1 Y NE -- NE Vanadium 7440-62-2 1.00E-03 NE NC NC NE 2.7E-03 2.0E-01 4.9E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NE -- NE Zinc 7440-66-6 1.00E-03 NE NC NC NE 1.9E-03 2.4E-01 5.9E-01 6.0E-04 1 Y NE -- NE Nitrate 14797-55-8 1.00E-03 NE NC NC NE 3.0E-03 2.3E-01 5.6E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NE -- NE Sulfide 18496-25-8 1.00E-03 NE NC NC NE 4.0E-04 1 Y NE -- NE Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 1.00E-03 NE 8.0E-09 7.9E-10 NE 5.5E-03 2.1E-01 4.9E-01 2.0E-03 1 Y 5.0E-01 2.0E+01 8.4E-02 NE 6.4E+00 NE 6.4E+00 1/8/2016 Page 2 of 4 .hment F -Table 4-6 Based Concentrations - Non -cancer -Based ration of Risk Based Concentrations - Seep Water MERCIAL/INDUSTRIAL -COMMERCIAL WORKER (ADULT) an Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion No Dermal Contact Yes Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1E+00 COPC CASRN EPC (mg/L) Intake;ng„aan (mglkglday) D A m (mglkglday) DADae,n,,; (mglkglday) EC,o„ (mglm') B (unitless) t (hr/event) [* (hr) K P (cmlhr) FA it In EPD. (YIN) RfD,,,� (mg/kglday) RfDae,n,e; (mg/kg/day) RfC (mglm') RBC;nge„mn (mg/L) RBCae,mai (mg/L) RBC_;, (mI. RBC,,,,; Aluminum 7429-90-5 1.00E-03 NE 4.0E-09 1.1E-09 NE 2.0E-03 1.5E-01 3.6E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.0E+00 1.0E+00 5.0E-03 NE 9.1E+05 NE 9.1E+05 Antimony 7440-36-0 1.00E-03 NE 4.0E-09 1.1E-09 NE 4.2E-03 5.1E-01 1.2E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y 4.0E-04 6.0E-05 NE 5.4E+01 NE 5.4E+01 Arsenic 7440-38-2 1.00E-03 NE 4.0E-09 1.1E-09 NE 3.3E-03 2.8E-01 6.6E-01 1.0E-03 0.6 V 3.0E-04 3.0E-04 1.5E-05 NE 2.7E+02 NE 2.7E+02 Barium 7440-39-3 1.00E-03 NE 4.0E-09 1.1E-09 NE 4.5E-03 6.2E-01 1.5E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y 2.0E-01 1.4E-02 5.0E-04 NE 1.3E+04 NE 1.3E+04 Beryllium 7440-01-7 1.00E-03 NE 4.0E-09 1.1E-09 NE 1.2E-03 1.2E-01 2.8E-01 1.0E-03 1 V 2.0E-03 1.4E-05 2.0E-05 NE 1.3E+01 NE 1.3E+01 Boron 7440-02-8 1.00E-03 NE 4.0E-09 1.1E-09 NE 1.4E-03 1.3E-01 3.0E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 2.0E-01 2.0E-01 2.0E-02 NE 1.8E+OS NE 1.8E+05 Cadmium 7440A3-9 1.00E-03 NE 4.0E-09 1.1E-09 NE 4.1E-03 4.5E-01 1.1E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.0E-03 2.5E-05 2.0E-05 NE 2.3E+01 NE 2.3E+01 Calcium 7440-70-2 1.00E-03 NE 4.0E-09 1.1E-09 NE 1.0E-03 1 Y NE NN NE Chromium, Total 7440A-3 1.00E-03 NE 4.0E-09 1.1E-09 NE 2.8E-03 2.1E-01 4.9E-01 1.0E-03 1 V 1.5E+00 2.0E-02 NE 1.8E+04 NE 1.8E+04 Chromium 111 16065-83-1 1.00E-03 NE 4.0E-09 1.1E-09 NE 2.8E-03 2.1E-01 4.9E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.5E+00 2.0E-02 NE 1.8E+04 NE 1.8E+04 Cobalt 7440A8-0 1.00E-03 NE 1.6E-09 4.4E-10 NE 1.2E-03 2.2E-01 5.4E-01 4.0E-04 1 Y 3.0E-04 3.0E-04 6.0E-06 NE 6.8E+02 NE 6.8E+02 Copper 7440-50-8 1.00E-03 NE 4.0E-09 1.1E-09 NE 3.1E-03 2.4E-01 5.7E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 4.0E-02 4.0E-02 NE 3.6E+04 NE 3.6E+04 Iron 7439-89-6 1.00E-03 NE 4.0E-09 1.1E-09 NE 2.9E-03 2.2E-01 5.2E-01 1.0E-03 1 V 7.0E-01 7.0E-01 NE 6.4E+05 NE 6.4E+05 Lead 7439-92-1 1.00E-03 NE 4.0E-10 1.1E-10 NE 5.5E-04 1.5E+00 3.7E+00 1.0E-04 1 Y NE NN NE Magnesium 7439-95-4 1.00E-03 NE 4.0E-09 1.1E-09 NE 1.0E-03 1 Y NE NTV NE Manganese 7439-96-5 1.00E-03 NE 4.0E-09 1.1E-09 NE 2.9E-03 2.1E-01 5.1E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.4E-01 5.6E-03 5.0E-OS NE 5.1E+03 NE 5.1E+03 Mercury 7439-97-6 1.00E-03 NE 4.0E-09 1.1E-09 NE 5.4E-03 1.4E+00 3.4E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y 3.0E-04 2.1E-05 3.0E-04 NE 1.9E+01 NE 1.9E+01 Molybdenum 7439-98-7 1.00E-03 NE 4.0E-09 1.1E-09 NE 3.8E-03 3.6E-01 8.7E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 5.0E-03 5.0E-03 NE 4.5E+03 NE 4.5E+03 Nickel 7440-02-0 1.00E-03 NE 8.0E-10 2.2E-10 NE 5.9E-04 2.2E-01 5.4E-01 2.0E-04 1 Y 2.0E-02 8.0E-04 9.0E-05 NE 3.6E+03 NE 3.6E+03 Potassium 7440-09-7 1.00E-03 NE 8.0E-10 2.2E-10 NE 2.0E-04 1 Y NE NN NE Selenium 7782A9-2 1.00E-03 NE 4.0E-09 1.1E-09 NE 3.4E-03 2.9E-01 7.0E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 5.0E-03 5.0E-03 2.0E-02 NE 4.5E+03 NE 4.5E+03 Sodium 7440-23-5 1.00E-03 NE 2.4E-09 6.6E-10 NE 6.0E-04 1 Y NE NN NE Strontium 7440-24-6 1.00E-03 NE 4.0E-09 1.1E-09 NE 3.6E-03 3.3E-01 7.8E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 6.0E-01 6.0E-01 NE 5.4E+05 NE 5.4E+05 Thallium 7440-28-0 1.00E-03 NE 4.0E-09 1.1E-09 NE 5.5E-03 1.5E+00 3.5E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y NE NN NE Titanium 7440-32-6 1.00E-03 NE 4.0E-09 1.1E-09 NE 1.0E-03 1 Y NE NN NE Vanadium 7440-62-2 1.00E-03 NE 4.0E-09 1.1E-09 NE 2.7E-03 2.0E-01 4.9E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 5.0E-03 1.3E-04 1.0E-04 NE 1.2E+02 NE 1.2E+02 Zinc 7440-66-6 1.00E-03 NE 2.4E-09 6.6E-10 NE 1.9E-03 2.4E-01 5.9E-01 6.0E-04 1 Y 3.0E-01 3.0E-01 NE 4.5E+05 NE 4.5E+05 Nitrate 14797-55-8 1.00E-03 NE 4.0E-09 1.1E-09 NE 3.0E-03 2.3E-01 5.6E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.6E+00 1.6E+00 NE 1.5E+06 NE 1.5E+06 Sulfide 18496-25-8 1.00E-03 NE 1.6E-09 4.4E-10 NE 4.0E-04 1 Y NE NN NE Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 1.00E-03 NE 8.0E-09 2.2E-09 NE 5.5E-03 2.1E-01 4.9E-01 2.0E-03 1 Y 3.0E-03 7.5E-05 1.0E-04 NE 3.4E+01 NE 3.4E+01 1/8/2016 Page 3 of 4 achment F -Table 4-6 ;k Based Concentration Summary rivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Seep Water WMERCIAL/INDUSTRIAL - COMMERCIAL WORKER (ADULT) n Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion No Dermal Contact Yes Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04 COPC - chemical of potenital concern nc - risk based concentration based on non -cancer hazard index c - risk based concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicitv value available: remedial not calculated COPC CASRN Risk Based Concentration I Non -Cancer (mg/L) Cancer (mg/L) I Final I (mg/L) Basis Aluminum M29-9U-b 9.1 t+ub v.1 t+ub nc Antimony 7440-36-0 5.4E+01 5.4E+01 nc Arsenic 7440-38-2 2.7E+02 1.7E+02 1.7E+02 c Barium 7440-39-3 1.3E+04 1.3E+04 nc Beryllium 7440-41-7 1.3E+01 1.3E+01 nc Boron 7440-42-8 1.8E+05 1.8E+05 nc Cadmium 7440-43-9 2.3E+01 2.3E+01 nc Calcium 7440-70-2 NA Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 1.8E+04 1.8E+04 nc Chromium III 16065-83-1 1.8E+04 1.8E+04 nc Cobalt 7440-48-4 6.8E+02 6.8E+02 nc Copper 7440-50-8 3.6E+04 3.6E+04 nc Iron 7439-89-6 6.4E+05 6.4E+05 nc Lead 7439-92-1 NA Magnesium 7439-95-4 NA Manganese 7439-96-5 5.1 E+03 5.1 E+03 nc Mercury 7439-97-6 1.9E+01 1.9E+01 nc Molybdenum 7439-98-7 4.5E+03 4.5E+03 nc Nickel 7440-02-0 3.6E+03 3.6E+03 nc Potassium 7440-09-7 NA Selenium 7782-49-2 4.5E+03 4.5E+03 nc Sodium 7440-23-5 NA Strontium 7440-24-6 5.4E+05 5.4E+05 nc Thallium 7440-28-0 NA Titanium 7440-32-6 NA Vanadium 7440-62-2 1.2E+02 1.2E+02 nc Zinc 7440-66-6 4.5E+05 4.5E+05 nc Nitrate 14797-55-8 1.5E+06 1.5E+06 nc Sulfide 18496-25-8 NA Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 3.4E+01 6.4E+00 6.4E+00 c 1 /8/2016 Page 4 of 4 Table 4-6 Risk Based Concentration Calculations Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy Total Risk Based Concentration RBC:,,= 1 [(1/RBCmge i.)+(1/RBCderm0+(1/RBC„ap)] Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion TR RBCmge:gor = Intake;., *CSF [EPC].mt * IR * FI * EF * ED * C1 Intake;e, la,e,rouP x)= BW *AT; i retjme Cancer -Risk Based Concentration from Dermal Absorption TR RBCderm,; = DADde,,,, * CSF DADerm DAw'-„ t * SA * EV * EF * ED d (age group x)= ATrrerme DAEm t= [EPC]_, * PCevent Organic Compounds: PCeventTevent<t• _ 2 * FA. Kp . 6 * r *rTevent Kp event /1+3B PCeventTevenb=t* = FA * C2 * �1 + B )+ 2 * r * I 1 +3B' + B' ) ( ) Inorganics Compounds: Tevent PCevent = C2 Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation RBC1„haut1a = TR EC_ *IUR ECcm, [EPC]VAPOR* ETVap* EF * ED * C1 (ege gmuP xI _ - 24 * AT;;ferme Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion RBC;,,geat;o„ = THI Intake;,,, / RfD Intake;, _ [EPC]water * IR * FI * EF * ED * C1 BW *AT Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption THI RBCderma; = DAD,,- / RfD DAE„e„t * DFWadj DADderm (age group x) = AT;;terme DAEm t= [EPC]_, * PCevent Organic Compounds: PCevent 2 * FA . KP , 6 * r •' Tevent TevenKt* _C2 4 Kip event 1+3B+3B' PCeventTevent =t* = FA * C2 * 1 + B -2— 1 + B Inorganics Compounds: Kp * Tevent PCevent = C2 Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation RBC;,,ha;at;o„ = THI ECn� / RfC EC„� _ [EPC]VAPOR * ETVap * EF * ED * C2 24*AT Parameter Value - Cancer Value - Non -Cancer Units CSF Chemical specific -- (mg/kg-day)" IUR Chemical specific -- (ug/m3)"' Intake Age/chemical specific -- mg/kg-day EC..„ Age/chemical specific -- (ug/m') ELCR Age/chemical specific -- unitless RfD -- Chemical specific mg/kg-day RfC -- Chemical specific (mg/m3) DAD Age/chemical specific Age/chemical specific mg/kg-day DA,t Age/chemical specific Age/chemical specific mg/cm`-event ECn� -- Age/chemical specific mg/m3 HQ -- Age/chemical specific unitless [EPCLater Chemical specific Chemical specific mg/L PCevent Chemical specific Chemical specific L/cm2-event [EPC]—r ----NOT USED--- ---NOT USED--- ug/m' BW 80 80 kg EF 12 12 day/year ED 25 25 year AT -- 9125 day ATlifetime 25550 -- day IR L/day FI unitless SA 670 670 cm2 Tevent 4.00 4 hr/event EV 1 1 event/day C1 0.001 0.001 mg/ug ETVap 4 4 hr/day C2 1000 1000 cm'/L 1/8/2016 Page 1 of 5 Particulate to Outdoor Air EPC Calculations Derivation of Risk Based Concentration - Soil CONSTRUCTION - CONSTRUCTION WORKER (ADULT) Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy = EPClsoiy x PARTICULATEtgial x 1 E-06 [kg/mg] = (1/PEF' 1E+09 ug/kg) or Measured/Modelled (m'/kg) = Q/C x [(3600 s/hr) / ((0.036 x (1- V) x (Um/U,)' x F(x) )] PARAMETER/DEFINITION UNITS DEFAULT Source PARTICULATE, / Particulate concentration in air 0.03279 Calculated or measured Measured or modeled PARTICULATE, ug/m' Measured value PEF / Particulate emission factor m3/kg Guidance value PEF / Particulate emission factor m3/kg 3.05E+10 Calculated here Q/C / inverse of the mean concentration at the center of a 0.5-acre-square source g/m2-s per kg/m' 36.80 Calculated / USEPA, 2014 V / Fraction of vegetative cover unitless 0.5 Site -specific, estimated U, / mean annual windspeed m/a 3.44 Site -specific / USEPA, 2014 U, / equivalent threshold value of wind speed at 7 m m/a 11.32 USEPA, 2014 F(x) / function dependant on U./U, derived using Cowherd at al. (1985) unitless 8.60E-03 Calculated / USEPA, 2014 USEPA, 2014. Regional Screening Levels. Climactic zone: Phoenix Arizona Area of Source: CASRN COPC EPC Soil (mg/kg) EPC Particulate (ug/m') 7429-90-5 Aluminum 1 3.3E-08 7440-36-0 Antimony 1 3.3E-08 7440-38-2 Arsenic 1 3.3E-08 7440-39-3 Barium 1 3.3E-08 7440-41-7 Beryllium 1 3.3E-08 7440-42-8 Boron 1 3.3E-08 7440-43-9 Cadmium 1 3.3E-08 7440-70-2 Calcium 1 3.3E-08 7440-47-3 Chromium, Total 1 3.3E-08 16065-83-1 Chromium III 1 3.3E-08 7440-48-4 Cobalt 1 3.3E-08 7440-50-8 Copper 1 3.3E-08 7439-89-6 Iron 1 3.3E-08 7439-92-1 Lead 1 3.3E-08 7439-95-4 Magnesium 1 3.3E-08 7439-96-5 Manganese 1 3.3E-08 7439-97-6 Mercury 1 3.3E-08 7439-98-7 Molybdenum 1 3.3E-08 7440-02-0 Nickel 1 3.3E-08 7440-09-7 Potassium 1 3.3E-08 Specific to size of Exposure Area Haley & Aldrich, Inc. \\MAN\common\42058_Duke\002\HH PRGs\PRG calculations\Soil -Template-EPA-non-M-V11-ConstructionW-D2-RBC update.xlsx 1/8/2016 Page 2 of 5 :hment G - Table 4-7 Based Concentrations - Cancer -Based ,ation of Risk Based Concentration - Soil STRUCTION - CONSTRUCTION WORKER (ADULT) an Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Dermal Contact Yes Particulate Inhalation Yes Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04 NC - not carcinogenic by this exposure route NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration CSF - cancer slope factor RBC - risk based concentration NTV - no toxicity value available DAD - dermally absorbed dose ABS - absorption factor UR - cancer unit risk COPC - chemical of potential concern Intake Calculations Absorption Factors Cancer Toxicity Values Intake;,gaau'" (mglkglday) DAD-- (mglkglday) ECpa j_'a (uglm') EC,,,pgr (uglm') ABSABSd limitless) limitless)(mglkglday)-' CSF-1 CSFdar (mglkglday)-' IUR (uglm')-' COPC CASRN RBC;pg,adop RBCda,,,ai RBCp,nw,j r RBC,,,g, RBC�o�ai Aluminum 7429-90-5 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Antimony 7440-36-0 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Arsenic 7440-38-2 5.8E-09 9.2E-10 2.6E-11 NE 0.6 0.03 1.5E+00 1.5E+00 4.3E-03 1.1E+04 7.3E+04 9.1E+08 NE 9.9E+03 Barium 7440-39-3 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Beryllium 7440-41-7 NC NC 2.6E-11 NE NC NC 2.4E-03 NC NC 1.6E+09 NE 1.6E+09 Boron 7440-42-8 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Cadmium 7440-43-9 NC NC 2.6E-11 NE NC NC 1.8E-03 NC NC 2.2E+09 NE 2.2E+09 Calcium 7440-70-2 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Chromium III 16065-83-1 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Cobalt 7440-48-4 NC NC 2.6E-11 NE NC NC 9.0E-03 NC NC 4.3E+08 NE 4.3E+08 Copper 7440-50-8 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Iron 7439-89-6 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Lead 7439-92-1 NC NC NC NE 1 NC NC NC NE Magnesium 7439-95-4 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Manganese 7439-96-5 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Mercury 7439-97-6 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Molybdenum 7439-98-7 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Nickel 7440-02-0 NC NC 2.6E-11 NE NC NC 2.4E-04 NC NC 1.6E+10 NE 1.6E+10 Potassium 7440-09-7 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Selenium 7782-49-2 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Sodium 7440-23-5 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Strontium 7440-24-6 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Thallium 7440-28-0 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Titanium 7440-32-6 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Vanadium 7440-62-2 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Zinc 7440-66-6 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Nitrate 14797-55-8 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Sulfide 18496-25-8 NC NC NC NE NC NC NC NC NC NE Chromium VI(hexavalent) 18540-29-9 9.7E-09 2.6E-11 NE 1 5.0E-01 2.0E+01 8.4E-02 2.1E+04 4.6E+07 NE 2.1E+04 Haley & Aldrich, Inc. \\MAN\common\42058_Duke\002\HH PRGs\PRG calculations\Soil - Template-EPA-non-M-V11-ConstructionW-D2-RBC update.xlsx 1/8/2016 Page 3 of 5 Attachment G - Table 4-7 Risk Based Concentrations - Non -cancer -Based Derivation of Risk Based Concentration - Soil CONSTRUCTION - CONSTRUCTION WORKER (ADULT) Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Dermal Contact Yes Particulate Inhalation Yes Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration RfD - reference dose RBC - risk based concentration COPC - chemical of potential concern NTV - no toxicity value available DAD - dermally absorbed dose ABS - absorption factor RfC - reference concentration Intake Calculations Absorption Factors Non -Cancer Toxicity Values Intake;,,„t (mg/kg/day)" DAD-- (mg/kg/day) ECp.nja (mglm3) EC-.1 (mg/m3) ABSING (unitless) ABSd (unities RfD« (mglkg/day) RfDd,,,i (mg/kg/day) RfC (m COPC CASRN RBCj_,tp. RBCd,.,i RBCp,njwRBC-_ RBCp,I Aluminum 7429-90-5 6.8E-07 1.8E-12 NE 1 1.0E+00 1.0E+00 5.0E-03 1.5E+06 2.8E+09 NE 1.5E+06 Antimony 7440-36-0 6.8E-07 1.8E-12 NE 1 4.0E-04 6.0E-05 5.9E+02 NTV NE 5.9E+02 Arsenic 7440-38-2 4.1E-07 6.4E-08 1.8E-12 NE 0.6 0.03 3.0E-04 3.0E-04 1.5E-05 7.4E+02 4.7E+03 8.3E+06 NE 6.4E+02 Barium 7440-39-3 6.8E-07 1.8E-12 NE 1 2.0E-01 1.4E-02 5.0E-03 2.9E+05 2.8E+09 NE 2.9E+05 Beryllium 7440-41-7 6.8E-07 1.8E-12 NE 1 5.0E-03 5.0E-03 2.0E-05 7.4E+03 1.1E+07 NE 7.4E+03 Boron 7440-42-8 6.8E-07 1.8E-12 NE 1 2.0E-01 2.0E-01 2.0E-02 2.9E+05 1.1E+10 NE 2.9E+05 Cadmium 7440-43-9 6.8E-07 2.1E-09 1.8E-12 NE 1 0.001 1.0E-03 2.5E-05 2.0E-05 1.5E+03 1.2E+04 1.1E+07 NE 1.3E+03 Calcium 7440-70-2 6.8E-07 1.8E-12 NE 1 NTV NTV NTV NE Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 6.8E-07 1.8E-12 NE 1 1.5E+00 2.0E-02 2.2E+06 NTV NE 2.2E+06 Chromium III 16065-83-1 6.8E-07 1.8E-12 NE 1 1.5E+00 2.0E-02 2.2E+06 NTV NE 2.2E+06 Cobalt 7440-48-4 6.8E-07 1.8E-12 NE 1 3.0E-03 3.0E-03 2.0E-05 4.4E+03 1.1E+07 NE 4.4E+03 Copper 7440-50-8 6.8E-07 1.8E-12 NE 1 4.0E-02 4.0E-02 5.9E+04 NTV NE 5.9E+04 Iron 7439-89-6 6.8E-07 1.8E-12 NE 1 7.0E-01 7.0E-01 1.0E+06 NTV NE 1.0E+06 Lead 7439-92-1 6.8E-07 1.8E-12 NE 1 NTV NTV NTV NE Magnesium 7439-95-4 6.8E-07 1.8E-12 NE 1 NTV NTV NTV NE Manganese 7439-96-5 6.8E-07 1.8E-12 NE 1 1.4E-01 5.6E-03 5.0E-05 2.1E+05 2.8E+07 NE 2.0E+05 Mercury 7439-97-6 6.8E-07 1.8E-12 NE 1 2.0E-03 1.4E-04 3.0E-04 2.9E+03 1.7E+08 NE 2.9E+03 Molybdenum 7439-98-7 6.8E-07 1.8E-12 NE 1 5.0E-03 5.0E-03 7.4E+03 NTV NE 7.4E+03 Nickel 7440-02-0 6.8E-07 1.8E-12 NE 1 2.0E-02 8.0E-04 2.0E-04 2.9E+04 1.1E+08 NE 2.9E+04 Potassium 7440-09-7 6.8E-07 1.8E-12 NE 1 NTV NTV NTV NE Selenium 7782-49-2 6.8E-07 1.8E-12 NE 1 5.0E-03 5.0E-03 2.0E-02 7.4E+03 1.1E+10 NE 7.4E+03 Sodium 7440-23-5 6.8E-07 1.8E-12 NE 1 NTV NTV NTV NE Strontium 7440-24-6 6.8E-07 1.8E-12 NE 1 2.0E+00 2.0E+00 2.9E+06 NTV NE 2.9E+06 Thallium 7440-28-0 6.8E-07 1.8E-12 NE 1 NTV NTV NTV NE Titanium 7440-32-6 6.8E-07 1.8E-12 NE 1 NTV NTV NTV NE Vanadium 7440-62-2 6.8E-07 1.8E-12 NE 1 1.0E-02 1.0E-02 1.0E-04 1.5E+04 5.6E+07 NE 1.5E+04 Zinc 7440-66-6 6.8E-07 1.8E-12 NE 1 3.0E-01 3.0E-01 4.4E+05 NTV NE 4.4E+05 Nitrate 14797-55-8 6.8E-07 1.8E-12 NE 1 1.6E+00 1.6E+00 2.4E+06 NTV NE 2.4E+06 Sulfide 18496-25-8 6.8E-07 1.8E-12 NE 1 NTV NTV NTV NE Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 6.8E-07 1.8E-12 NE 1 5.0E-03 1.3E-04 3.0E-04 7.4E+03 1.7E+08 NE 7.4E+03 Haley & Aldrich, Inc. \\MAN\common\42058_Duke\002\HH PRGs\PRG calculations\Soil -Template-EPA-non-M-V11-ConstructionW-D2-RBC update.xlsx 1/8/2016 Page 4 of 5 achment G - Table 4-7 k Based Concentration Summary ivation of Risk Based Concentration - Soil NSTRUCTION - CONSTRUCTION WORKER (ADULT) nan Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites ce Energy concern Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Dermal Contact Yes Particulate Inhalation Yes Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 Taraet Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04 nc - risk based concentration based on non -cancer hazard index c - risk based concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicity value available; Risk Based Concentration not calculated COPC CASRN Risk Based Concentration I Non -Cancer (mg/kg) I Cancer (mg/kg) Final (mg/kg) Basis Aluminum /42U-W-b l.bL+Ub l.bL+Ub nc Antimony 7440-36-0 5.9E+02 5.9E+02 nc Arsenic 7440-38-2 6.4E+02 9.9E+03 6.4E+02 nc Barium 7440-39-3 2.9E+05 2.9E+05 nc Beryllium 7440-41-7 7.4E+03 1.6E+09 7.4E+03 nc Boron 7440-42-8 2.9E+05 2.9E+05 nc Cadmium 7440-43-9 1.3E+03 2.2E+09 1.3E+03 nc Calcium 7440-70-2 NA Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 2.2E+06 2.2E+06 nc Chromium III 16065-83-1 2.2E+06 2.2E+06 nc Cobalt 7440-48-4 4.4E+03 4.3E+08 4.4E+03 nc Copper 7440-50-8 5.9E+04 5.9E+04 nc Iron 7439-89-6 1.0E+06 1.0E+06 nc Lead 7439-92-1 NA Magnesium 7439-95-4 NA Manganese 7439-96-5 2.0E+05 2.0E+05 nc Mercury 7439-97-6 2.9E+03 2.9E+03 nc Molybdenum 7439-98-7 7.4E+03 7.4E+03 nc Nickel 7440-02-0 2.9E+04 1.6E+10 2.9E+04 nc Potassium 7440-09-7 NA Selenium 7782-49-2 7.4E+03 7.4E+03 nc Sodium 7440-23-5 NA Strontium 7440-24-6 2.9E+06 2.9E+06 nc Thallium 7440-28-0 NA Titanium 7440-32-6 NA Vanadium 7440-62-2 1.5E+04 1.5E+04 nc Zinc 7440-66-6 4.4E+05 4.4E+05 nc Nitrate 14797-55-8 2.4E+06 2.4E+06 nc Sulfide 18496-25-8 NA 1 /8/2016 Page 5 of 5 Table 4-7 Risk Based Concentration Calculations Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy Total Risk Based Concentration RBC, r ; = 1 [(1/RBO„gas,.,)+(1/RBCde .1)+(1/RBCpan)+(1/RBCap)] Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion RBC„g,sj; = TR / Intake,,,* CSF [EPCI-1 * IR * ABSiNG * FI * EF * ED * C1 I ntake,n9 (.p g..P X)= B W x ` ATerauma Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption RBCde, A = TR / DAD * CSF DAD e,n a e - DAE.a.r * SA * EV * EF * ED rra,ma DAEanr = [EPC]s j, * ABSd * AF * C1 Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion RBC,nge i,n= THI Intake;,, / RfD Intake;,, = [EPC]sn;i * IR * ABS,n9 * FI * EF * ED * C1 BW*AT Noncancer-Based Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption RGda, a,= THI DAD / RfD DADda„n = DAI-nr * SA * EV * EF * ED BW*AT DAEanr = [EPC]s 1, * ABSd * AF * C1 Cancer -Based Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation RG;nhaiar;o,= TR / ECG IUR [EPC]PART * ETPa,, * EF * ED --- OR--- [EPC]VAPOR * ETvap * EF * ED EC- (a9a e,ow x)= 24 * ATrreume Noncancer-Based Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation THI RG;nha;a,;nn= EC,� / RfC EC,, = [EPC]PART * ETp.,i * EF * ED * C2 --- OR--- [EPC]yAPOR * ETvap * EF * ED * C2 24*AT Parameter Value - Cancer Value - Non -Cancer Units CSF Chemical specific (mg/kg-day)-' IUR Chemical specific (ug/m')-' Intake Age/chemical specific mg/kg-day ECG Age/chemical specific (ug/m') ELCR Age/chemical specific unitless Rf) Chemical specific mg/kg-day RfC Chemical specific (mg/m') DAD Age/chemical specific Age/chemical specific mg/kg-day DAE—t Age/chemical specific Age/chemical specific mg/cm2-event EC- Age/chemical specific mg/ma HQ Age/chemical specific unitless [EPC]so;i Chemical specific Chemical specific mg/kg [EPC]PART Attachment G - TABLE Attachment G - TABLE ug/m' [EPC]vAPOR Attachment G - TABLE Attachment G - TABLE ug/m' ABS;ng Chemical specific Chemical specific unitless ABSd Chemical specific Chemical specific unitless BW 80 80 kg EF 60 60 day/year ED 1 1 year AT -- 365 day ATlifetime 25550 -- day IR 330 330 mg/day FI 1 1 unitless C1 0.000001 0.000001 kg/mg SA 3470 3470 cm2 AF 0.3 0.3 mg/cm2 EV 1 1 event/day ETPart 8 8 hours/day C2 0.001 0.001 mg/ug ETVap 8 8 hours/day Haley & Aldrich, Inc. \\MAN\common\42058_Duke\002\HH PRGs\PRG calculations\Soil - Template-EPA-non-M-V11-ConstructionW-D2-RBC update.xlsx 1/8/2016 Page 1 of 4 Attachment H - Table 4-8 Risk Based Concentrations - Cancer -Based Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Groundwater CONSTRUCTION - CONSTRUCTION WORKER (ADULT) Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Dermal Contact Yes Duke Energy Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04 NC - not carcinoaenic by this exposure route NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration CSF - cancer slope factor RBC - risk based concentration NTV - no toxicity value available DAD - dermally absorbed dose ABS - absorption factor UR - cancer unit risk COPC - chemical of potenital concern e Calculations Ta water Dermal Parameters Cancer ToxicityValues COPC CASRN EPC Fntakein,,d,„t 7DZ DAions EC„„ B c t* Kp FA In EPD? CSF,r,i CSFd,rm,i IUR RBC,,,, RBCd.rm,i RBC,,,_RBC,(mg/L)g/kglday)ay) (mglkg/day) (ug/m') (unitless) (hrlevent) (hr) (cmlhr) (unitless) (YIN) (mg/kglday)'' (mg/kg/day)" (uglm')'' (mglL) (mglL) (mg/L) (mg/L) Aluminum 7429-90-5 1.00E-03 NC INC NC NE 2.0E-03 1.5E-01 3.6E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Antimony 7440-36-0 1.00E-03 NC INC INC NE 4.2E-03 5.1E-01 1.2E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Arsenic 7440-38-2 1.00E-03 1.2E-10 1.6E-09 3.1E-11 NE 3.3E-03 2.8E-01 6.6E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.5E+00 1.5E+00 4.3E-03 5.7E+02 2.1E+03 NE 4.5E+02 Barium 7440-39-3 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 4.5E-03 6.2E-01 1.5E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Beryllium 7440-41-7 1.00E-03 INC NC NC NE 1.2E-03 1.2E-01 2.8E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 2.4E-03 NC NC NE Boron 7440-42-8 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 1.4E-03 1.3E-01 3.0E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Cadmium 7440-43-9 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 4.1E-03 4.5E-01 1.1E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.8E-03 NC NC NE Calcium 7440-70-2 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 2.8E-03 2.1E-01 4.9E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Chromium III 16065-83-1 1.00E-03 NC INC NC NE 2.8E-03 2.1E-01 4.9E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Cobalt 7440-48-4 1.00E-03 NC INC NC NE 1.2E-03 2.2E-01 5.4E-01 4.0E-04 1 Y 9.0E-03 NC NC NE Copper 7440-50-8 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 3.1E-03 2.4E-01 5.7E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Iron 7439-89-6 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 2.9E-03 2.2E-01 5.2E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Lead 7439-92-1 1.00E-03 NC INC NC NE 5.5E-04 1.5E+00 3.7E+00 1.0E-04 1 Y NC NC NE Magnesium 7439-95-4 1.00E-03 NC INC NC NE 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Manganese 7439-96-5 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 2.9E-03 2.1E-01 5.1E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Mercury 7439-97-6 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 5.4E-03 1.4E+00 3.4E+00 1.0E-03 1 V NC NC NE Molybdenum 7439-98-7 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 3.8E-03 3.6E-01 8.7E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Nickel 7440-02-0 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 5.9E-04 2.2E-01 5.4E-01 2.0E-04 1 V 2.4E-04 NC NC NE Potassium 7440-09-7 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 2.0E-04 1 Y NC NC NE Selenium 7782-49-2 1.00E-03 NC INC NC NE 3.4E-03 2.9E-01 7.0E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Sodium 7440-23-5 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 6.0E-04 1 Y NC NC NE Strontium 7"0-24-6 1.00E-03 NC INC NC NE 3.6E-03 3.3E-01 7.8E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Thallium 7440-28-0 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 5.5E-03 1.5E+00 3.5E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Titanium 7440-32-6 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 1.0E-03 1 V NC NC NE Vanadium 7440-62-2 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 2.7E-03 2.0E-01 4.9E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Zinc 7440-66-6 1.00E-03 NC INC NC NE 1.9E-03 2.4E-01 5.9E-01 6.0E-04 1 Y NC NC NE Nitrate 14797-55-8 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 3.0E-03 2.3E-01 5.6E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Sulfde 18496-25-8 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 4.0E-04 1 Y NC NC NE Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 1.00E-03 1.2E-10 3.2E-09 6.3E-11 NE 5.5E-03 2.1E-01 4.9E-01 2.0E-03 1 Y 5.0E-01 2.0E+01 8.4E-02 1.7E+03 7.9E+01 NE 7.6E+01 1/6/2016 Page 2 of 4 :hment H -Table 4-8 Based Concentrations - Non -cancer -Based ,ation of Risk Based Concentrations - Groundwater STRUCTION - CONSTRUCTION WORKER (ADULT) an Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Dermal Contact Yes Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 ( ) NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration RfD - reference dose RBC - risk based concentration COPC - chemical of potenital concern NTV - no tmdcity value available DAD - dermally absorbed dose ABS - absorption factor RfC - reference concentration Intake Calculations Tapwater Dermal Parameters Non -Cancer Toxicity Values COPC CASRN EPC rbakein DA„„nr DADd,,,aai EC„n„ B c t` Kp FA In EPD? RfD,rai RfDd,m,ai RfC RBCina,.n.n RBCd.rm,i RBC,_r RBC(mg/L) glkg/day) (mg/kg/day) (mglkglday) (mg/m') (unitless) (hrlevent) (hr) (cMhr) (unitless) (YIN) (mg/kg/day) (mg/kg/day) (mglm') (mglL) (mglL) (mg/L) Aluminum 7429-90-5 1.00E-03 8.2E-09 1.6E-09 2.2E-09 NE 2.0E-03 1.5E-01 3.6E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.0E+00 1.0E+00 5.0E-03 1.2E+05 4.5E+05 NE 9.6E+04 Antimony 7440-36-0 1.00E-03 8.2E-09 1.6E-09 2.2E-09 NE 4.2E-03 5.1E-01 1.2E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y 4.0E-04 6.0E-05 4.9E+01 2.7E+01 NE 1.7E+01 Arsenic 7440-38-2 1.00E-03 8.2E-09 1.6E-09 2.2E-09 NE 3.3E-03 2.8E-01 6.6E-01 1.0E-03 0.6 Y 3.0E-04 3.0E-04 1.5E-05 3.7E+01 1.4E+02 NE 2.9E+01 Barium 7440-39-3 1.00E-03 8.2E-09 1.6E-09 2.2E-09 NE 4.5E-03 6.2E-01 1.5E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y 2.0E-01 1.4E-02 5.0E-03 2.4E+04 6.4E+03 NE 5.0E+03 Beryllium 7440-41-7 1.00E-03 8.2E-09 1.6E-09 2.2E-09 NE 1.2E-03 1.2E-01 2.8E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 5.0E-03 5.0E-03 2.0E-05 6.1E+02 2.3E+03 NE 4.8E+02 Boron 7440-42-8 1.00E-03 6.2E-09 1.6E-09 2.2E-09 NE 1.4E-03 1.3E-01 3.0E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 2.0E-01 2.0E-01 2.0E-02 2.4E+04 9.1E+04 NE 1.9E+Oq Cadmium 7440-43-9 1.00E-03 8.2E-09 1.6E-09 2.2E-09 NE 4.1E-03 4.5E-01 1.1E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.0E-03 2.5E-05 2.0E-05 1.2E+02 1.1E+01 NE 1.0E+01 Calcium 7440-70-2 1.00E-03 8.2E-09 1.6E-09 2.2E-09 NE 1.0E-03 1 Y NTV NTV NE Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 1.00E-03 8.2E-09 1.6E-09 2.2E-09 NE 2.8E-03 2.1E-01 4.9E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.5E+00 2.0E-02 1.8E+05 9.1E+03 NE 8.6E+03 Chromium III 16065-83-1 1.00E-03 8.2E-09 1.6E-09 2.2E-09 NE 2.8E-03 2.1E-01 4.9E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.5E+00 2.0E-02 1.8E+05 9.1E+03 NE 8.6E+03 Cobalt 7440-48-4 1.00E-03 8.2E-09 6.4E-10 8.8E-10 NE 1.2E-03 2.2E-01 5.4E-01 4.0E-04 1 Y 3.0E-03 3.0E-03 2.0E-05 3.7E+02 3.4E+03 NE 3.3E+02 Copper 7440-50-8 1.00E-03 8.2E-09 1.6E-09 2.2E-09 NE 3.1E-03 2.4E-01 5.7E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 4.0E-02 4.0E-02 4.9E+03 1.8E+04 NE 3.8E+03 Iron 7439-89-6 1.00E-03 8.2E-09 1.6E-09 2.2E-09 NE 2.9E-03 2.2E-01 5.2E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 7.0E-01 7.0E-01 8.5E+04 3.2E+05 NE 6.7E+04 Lead 7439-92-1 1.00E-03 8.2E-09 1.6E-10 2.2E-10 NE 5.5E-04 1.5E+00 3.7E+00 1.0E-04 1 Y NTV NTV NE Magnesium 7439-95-4 1.00E-03 8.2E-09 1.6E-09 2.2E-09 NE 1.0E-03 1 Y NTV NTV NE Manganese 7439-96-5 1.00E-03 8.2E-09 1.6E-09 2.2E-09 NE 2.9E-03 2.1E-01 5.1E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.4E-01 5.6E-03 5.0E-05 1.7E+04 2.5E+03 NE 2.2E+03 Mercury 7439-97-6 1.00E-03 8.2E-09 1.6E-09 2.2E-09 NE 5.4E-03 1.4E+00 3.4E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y 2.0E-03 1.4E-04 3.0E-04 2.4E+02 6.4E+01 NE 5.0E+01 Molybdenum 7439-98-7 1.00E-03 8.2E-09 1.6E-09 2.2E-09 NE 3.8E-03 3.6E-01 8.7E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 5.0E-03 5.0E-03 6.1E+02 2.3E+03 NE 4.8E+02 Nickel 7440-02-0 1.00E-03 8.2E-09 3.2E-10 4.4E-10 NE 5.9E-04 2.2E-01 5.4E-01 2.0E-04 1 Y 2.0E-02 8.0E-04 2.0E-04 2.4E+03 1.8E+03 NE 1.0E+03 Potassium 7440-09-7 1.00E-03 8.2E-09 3.2E-10 4.4E-10 NE 2.0E-04 1 Y NTV NTV NE Selenium 7782-49-2 1.00E-03 8.2E-09 1.6E-09 2.2E-09 NE 3.4E-03 2.9E-01 7.0E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 5.0E-03 5.0E-03 2.0E-02 6.1E+02 2.3E+03 NE 4.8E+02 Sodium 7440-23-5 1.00E-03 8.2E-09 9.6E-10 1.3E-09 NE 6.0E-04 1 Y NTV NTV NE Strontium 7440-24-6 1.00E-03 8.2E-09 1.6E-09 2.2E-09 NE 3.6E-03 3.3E-01 7.8E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 2.0E+00 2.0E+00 2.4E+05 9.1E+05 NE 1.9E+05 Thallium 7440-28-0 1.00E-03 8.2E-09 1.6E-09 2.2E-09 NE 5.5E-03 1.5E+00 3.5E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y NTV NTV NE Titanium 7440-326 E-03 8.2E-09 16E09 2.2E-0 NE 1.0E-03 NTV NTV NE 7440-62-2 1.00E-03 82E-09 1. 6E-09 22E-09 E NVanadium 2.7E-03 2.0E-01 4.9E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.0E-02 1.0E-02 1.0E-04 1.2E+03 4.5E+03 NE 9.6E+02 Zinc 7440-66-6 1.00E-03 8.2E-09 9.6E-10 1.3E-09 NE 1.9E-03 2.4E-01 5.9E-01 6.0E-04 1 Y 3.0E-01 3.0E-01 3.7E+04 2.3E+05 NE 3.1E+04 Nitrate 14797-55-8 1.00E-03 8.2E-09 1.6E-09 2.2E-09 NE 3.0E-03 2.3E-01 5.6E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.6E+00 1.6E+00 1.9E+05 7.3E+05 NE 1.5E+05 Sulfide 18496-25-8 1.00E-03 8.2E-09 6.3E-10 8.7E-10 NE 4.0E-04 1 Y NTV NTV NE Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 1.00E-03 8.2E-09 3.2E-09 4.4E-09 NE 5.5E-03 2.1E-01 4.9E-01 2.0E-03 1 Y 5.0E-03 1.3E-04 3.0E-04 6.1E+02 3.0E+01 NE 2.8E+01 1/6/2016 3chment H - Table 4-8 k Based Concentration Summary ivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Groundwater NSTRUCTION - CONSTRUCTION WORKER (ADULT) n Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Dermal Contact Yes Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04 COPC - chemical of potenital concern nc - risk based concentration based on non -cancer hazard index c - risk based concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicitv value available: remedial not calculated COPC CASRN Risk Based Concentration Non -Cancer (mg/L) Cancer (mg/L) Final I (mg/l. I Basis Aluminum t4ZV_bu_0 a.et+u4 a.et+u4 nc Antimony 7440-36-0 1.7E+01 1.7E+01 nc Arsenic 7440-38-2 2.9E+01 4.5E+02 2.9E+01 nc Barium 7440-39-3 5.0E+03 5.0E+03 nc Beryllium 7440-41-7 4.8E+02 4.8E+02 nc Boron 7440-42-8 1.9E+04 1.9E+04 nc Cadmium 7440-43-9 1.0E+01 1.0E+01 nc Calcium 7440-70-2 NA Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 8.6E+03 8.6E+03 nc Chromium III 16065-83-1 8.6E+03 8.6E+03 nc Cobalt 7440-484 3.3E+02 3.3E+02 nc Copper 7440-50-8 3.8E+03 3.8E+03 nc Iron 7439-89-6 6.7E+04 6.7E+04 nc Lead 7439-92-1 NA Magnesium 7439-95-4 NA Manganese 7439-96-5 2.2E+03 2.2E+03 nc Mercury 7439-97-6 5.0E+01 5.0E+01 nc Molybdenum 7439-98-7 4.8E+02 4.8E+02 nc Nickel 7440-02-0 1.0E+03 1.0E+03 nc Potassium 7440-09-7 NA Selenium 7782-49-2 4.8E+02 4.8E+02 nc Sodium 7440-23-5 NA Strontium 7440-24-6 1.9E+05 1.9E+05 nc Thallium 7440-28-0 NA Titanium 7440-32-6 NA Vanadium 7440-62-2 9.6E+02 9.6E+02 nc Zinc 7440-66-6 3.1E+04 3.1E+04 nc Nitrate 14797-55-8 1.5E+05 1.5E+05 nc Sulfide 18496-25-8 NA Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 2.8E+01 7.6E+01 2.8E+01 nc Page 3 of 4 1 /6/2016 Page 4 of 4 Table 4-8 Risk Based Concentration Calculations Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy Total Risk Based Concentration RBC, t, = 1 1(1/RBCmg,,tim) + (1/RBCtlenna) + (1/RBC,„ p)] Cancer -Based Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion TR RBCmgeati- = Intake;ng *CSF [EPC]w ,*IR*FI*EF*ED*C1 Intake;ng (age g,a„ p) = BW * AT; i retina Cancer -Based Risk Based Concentration from Dermal Absorption TR RBCd.-W = DADde,,,, *CSF DAD e,n, DA-nt * SA * EV * EF * ED tl (a .,-p x) - ATrwime DAE t = [EPC]w, , * PCevent Organic Compounds: PCeventTevent<t• _ 2 * FA. � . 6 * T * Tevent Kip r/Tevent\ r1+3B+3B=\l PCeventTevenb=t* = FA * C2 * l 1 + B /JI+ 2 t ) Inorganics Compounds: PCevent = KP * Tevent C2 Cancer -Based Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation TR RBCmhaiahm = EC�w, *IUR EC._a e _ [EPC]vnpoR * ETv,p * EF * ED * C1 l g e�nnp=) - 24 * ATrwime Noncancer-Based Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion R8C;nge3tw = THI Intake;ng / RfD Intake;, = [EPC]water * IR * FI * EF * ED * C1 BW * AT Noncancer-Based Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption THI RBCtle,ma; = DADd- / RfD DAD enn - DAE. t * DFWadj tl (a .,-p x) - AT;;re,;n,e DAE t = [EPC]w, , * PCevent Organic Compounds: PCeventTevenKt* _ 2 * FA * KP , 6 * r *rTevent C2 4Kip r/7event\ (1+3B+3B=\1 PCeventTeventb t* = FA * C2 * `l 1 + 1-3)+ 2 * T * t 1 + -BY JJ Inorganics Compounds: PCevent = KP * Tevent C2 Noncancer-Based Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation R13C,,h,1,tiw - THI EC, / RfC ECn� _ [EPC]VAPOR * ETVap * EF * ED * C2 24 * AT Parameter Value - Cancer Value - Non -Cancer Units CSF Chemical specific -- (mg/kg-day)- IUR Chemical specific -- (ug/m3)-1 Intake Age/chemical specific -- mg/kg-day EC- Age/chemical specific -- (ug/m') ELCR Age/chemical specific -- unitless MID -- Chemical specific mg/kg-day RfC -- Chemical specific (mg/m3) DAD Age/chemical specific Age/chemical specific mg/kg-day DAE- Age/chemical specific Age/chemical specific mg/cm`-event ECnn -- Age/chemical specific mg/m' HO -- Age/chemical specific unitless [EPC]w.ete, Chemical specific Chemical specific mg/L PCevent Chemical specific Chemical specific L/cm2-event [EPC]„ap3, ----NOT USED----- -----NOT USED--- ug/m' BW 80 80 kg EF 60 60 day/year ED 1 1 year AT -- 365 day ATlifetime 25550 -- day IR 0.004 0.004 L/day FI 1 1 unitless SA 670 670 cm2 Tevent 1.60 1.6 hr/event EV 1 1 event/day C1 0.001 0.001 mg/ug ETVap 1.6 1.6 hr/day C2 1000 1000 cm3/L 1/6/2016 Page 1 of 4 :hment I - Table 4-9 Based Concentrations - Cancer -Based ,ation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment ite Recreational Swimmer - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT an Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Dermal Contact Yes Particulate Inhalation No Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1E-04 NC - not carcinogenic by this e�posure route NV - not volatile EC - eposure concentration CSF - cancer slope factor RBC - Risk Based Concentration NTV - no towcity value available DAD - dermally absorbed dose ASS - absorption factor UR - cancer unit risk COPC - chemical of potential concern Intake Calculations Absorption Factors Cancer Toxicity Values Intake;ng„u„ (mglkglday) DAD-- (mglkglday) EC,,,W,re (ug/m') EC,,,p« (uglm') (ABS,.. unitless) ABSd (unitless) CSF«,i (mglkglday)-' CSF—..' (mg/kg, IUR (uglin COPC CASRN RBC1„ tWn RBCa .,i RBCmn ,i,r, RBC„�„ RBCrorai Aluminum 7429-90-5 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Antimony 7440-36-0 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Arsenic 7440-38-2 7.3E-09 3.9E-08 NE NE 0.6 0.03 1.5E+00 1.5E+00 4.3E-03 9.1E+03 1.7E+03 NE NE 14E+03 Barium 7440-39-3 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Beryllium 7440-41-7 NC NC NE NE NC NC 2.4E-03 NC NC NE NE Boron 7440-42-8 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Cadmium 7440-43-9 NC NC NE NE NC NC 1.8E-03 NC NC NE NE Calcium 7440-70-2 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Chromium III 16065-83-1 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Cobalt 7440-48-4 NC NC NE NE NC NC 9.0E-03 NC NC NE NE Copper 7440-50-8 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Iron 7439-89-6 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Lead 7439-92-1 NC NC NE NE 1 NC NC NE NE Magnesium 7439-95-4 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Manganese 7439-96-5 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Mercury 7439-97-6 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Molybdenum 7439-98-7 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Nickel 7440-02-0 NC NC NE NE NC NC 2.4E-04 NC NC NE NE Potassium 7440-09-7 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Selenium 7782-49-2 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Sodium 7440-23-5 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Strontium 7440-24-6 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Thallium 7440-28-0 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Titanium 7440-32-6 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Vanadium 7440-62-2 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Zinc 7440-66-6 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Nitrate 14797-55-8 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Sulfide 18496-25-8 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE 1/6/2016 Page 2 of 4 Attachment I - Table 4-9 Risk Based Concentrations - Non -cancer -Based Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment Off -Site Recreational Swimmer - CHILD (AGE <6) Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Dermal Contact Yes Particulate Inhalation No Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration RfD - reference dose RBC - Risk Based Concentration COPC - Chemical of potential Concern NTV - no toxicity value available DAD - dermally absorbed dose ABS - absorption factor RfC - reference concentration Intake Calculations Absorption Factors Non -Cancer Toxicity Values Intakel,s„tip, (mg/kg/day)" DADder- (mg/kg/day) ECpenlpwete (mglm3) EC,,,aor (mg/m3) ABSING (unitless) ABSd (unities s) RfDo l (mglkg/day) RfDd,.,l (mg/kg/day) RfC (mg/m3) COPC CASRN RBCI,,,,t; . RBCd,r,,,l RBCpen;puiete RBC__ RBCtpaei Aluminum 7429-90-5 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 1.0E+00 1.0E+00 5.0E-03 1.2E+07 NE NE 1.2E+07 Antimony 7440-36-0 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 4.0E-04 6.0E-05 4.9E+03 NE NE 4.9E+03 Arsenic 7440-38-2 4.9E-08 1.6E-07 NE NE 0.6 0.03 3.0E-04 3.0E-04 1.5E-05 6.1E+03 1.9E+03 NE NE 1.5E+03 Barium 7440-39-3 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 2.0E-01 1.4E-02 5.0E-04 2.4E+06 NE NE 2.4E+06 Beryllium 7440-41-7 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 2.0E-03 1.4E-05 2.0E-05 2.4E+04 NE NE 2.4E+04 Boron 7440-42-8 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 2.0E-01 2.0E-01 2.0E-02 2.4E+06 NE NE 2.4E+06 Cadmium 7440-43-9 8.2E-08 5.2E-09 NE NE 1 0.001 1.0E-03 2.5E-05 2.0E-05 1.2E+04 4.8E+03 NE NE 3.4E+03 Calcium 7440-70-2 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 NTV NTV NE NE Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 1.5E+00 2.0E-02 1.8E+07 NE NE 1.8E+07 Chromium III 16065-83-1 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 1.5E+00 2.0E-02 1.8E+07 NE NE 1.8E+07 Cobalt 7440-48-4 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 3.0E-04 3.0E-04 6.0E-06 3.7E+03 NE NE 3.7E+03 Copper 7440-50-8 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 4.0E-02 4.0E-02 4.9E+05 NE NE 4.9E+05 Iron 7439-89-6 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 7.0E-01 7.0E-01 8.5E+06 NE NE 8.5E+06 Lead 7439-92-1 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 NTV NTV NE NE Magnesium 7439-95-4 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 NTV NTV NE NE Manganese 7439-96-5 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 1.4E-01 5.6E-03 5.0E-05 1.7E+06 NE NE 1.7E+06 Mercury 7439-97-6 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 3.0E-04 2.1E-05 3.0E-04 3.7E+03 NE NE 3.7E+03 Molybdenum 7439-98-7 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 5.0E-03 5.0E-03 6.1E+04 NE NE 6.1E+04 Nickel 7440-02-0 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 2.0E-02 8.0E-04 9.0E-05 2.4E+05 NE NE 2.4E+05 Potassium 7440-09-7 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 NTV NTV NE NE Selenium 7782-49-2 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 5.0E-03 5.0E-03 2.0E-02 6.1E+04 NE NE 6.1E+04 Sodium 7440-23-5 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 NTV NTV NE NE Strontium 7440-24-6 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 6.0E-01 6.0E-01 7.3E+06 NE NE 7.3E+06 Thallium 7440-28-0 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 1.0E-05 1.0E-05 1.2E+02 NE NE 1.2E+02 Titanium 7440-32-6 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 NTV NTV NE NE Vanadium 7440-62-2 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 5.0E-03 1.3E-04 1.0E-04 6.1E+04 NE NE 6.1E+04 Zinc 7440-66-6 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 3.0E-01 3.0E-01 3.7E+06 NE NE 3.7E+06 Nitrate 14797-55-8 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 1.6E+00 1.6E+00 1.9E+07 NE NE 1.9E+07 Sulfide 18496-25-8 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 NTV NTV NE NE 1/6/2016 Page 3 of 4 Attachment I - Table 4-9 Risk Based Concentration Summary Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment Off -Site Recreational Swimmer - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT Exposure Routes Evaluated Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Incidental Ingestion Yes Duke Energy Dermal Contact Yes Particulate Inhalation No Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 Tar et Cancer Risk er Chemical 1 E-04 COPC - chemical of potential concern nc - risk based concentration based on non -cancer hazard index c - risk based concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicity value available; Risk Based Concentration not calculated COPC CASRN Risk Based Concentration I Non -Cancer (mg/kg) I Cancer (mg/kg) Final (mg/kg) Basis Aluminum /42U-W-b I.LL+U/ I.LL+ut nc Antimony 7440-36-0 4.9E+03 4.9E+03 nc Arsenic 7440-38-2 1.5E+03 1.4E+03 1.4E+03 c Barium 7440-39-3 2.4E+06 2.4E+06 nc Beryllium 7440-41-7 2.4E+04 2.4E+04 nc Boron 7440-42-8 2.4E+06 2.4E+06 nc Cadmium 7440-43-9 3.4E+03 3.4E+03 nc Calcium 7440-70-2 NA Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 1.8E+07 1.8E+07 nc Chromium III 16065-83-1 1.8E+07 1.8E+07 nc Cobalt 7440-48-4 3.7E+03 3.7E+03 nc Copper 7440-50-8 4.9E+05 4.9E+05 nc Iron 7439-89-6 8.5E+06 8.5E+06 nc Lead 7439-92-1 NA Magnesium 7439-95-4 NA Manganese 7439-96-5 1.7E+06 1.7E+06 nc Mercury 7439-97-6 3.7E+03 3.7E+03 nc Molybdenum 7439-98-7 6.1E+04 6.1E+04 nc Nickel 7440-02-0 2.4E+05 2.4E+05 nc Potassium 7440-09-7 NA Selenium 7782-49-2 6.1E+04 6.1E+04 nc Sodium 7440-23-5 NA Strontium 7440-24-6 7.3E+06 7.3E+06 nc Thallium 7440-28-0 1.2E+02 1.2E+02 nc Titanium 7440-32-6 NA Vanadium 7440-62-2 6.1E+04 6.1E+04 nc Zinc 7440-66-6 3.7E+06 3.7E+06 nc Nitrate 14797-55-8 1.9E+07 1.9E+07 nc Sulfide 18496-25-8 NA 1 /6/2016 Page 4 of 4 Table 4-9 Risk Based Concentration Calculations - Composite Receptor/Age-Adjusted Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy Total Risk Based Concentration RBCmra; = 1 [(1/RBC,�g.s,.,)+(1/RBCde .1)+(1/RBCpan)+(1/RBCap)] Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion RBC„g,sj; = TR / Intake,,,* CSF [EPC1s 1 * IFSadj * ABSiNO * FI * EF * C1 I ntake,ng (age g,n,P x)= B W x ` ATerauma Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption RBCde, A = TR / DAD * CSF DAD e,n a e - DAE.a,r * SA * EV * EF * ED d (e 9�n�P "1- BW„ * AT rrarlma DAEanr = [EPC]s j, * DFSadj * C1 Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion RBC,nge i,n= THI Intake,,, * RfD Intaken, = [EPC]sn;i * IR * ABS,ng * FI * EF * ED * C1 BW*AT Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption RBCda,,,a,= THI DAD * RfD DADda„ = DAEvenr * SA * EV * EF * ED BW*AT DAEanr = [EPC]s 1, * ABSd * AF * C1 Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation RBC;nna,ar;,,= TR / ECG IUR [EPC]PART * ETPa,, * EF * ED --- OR--- [EPC]VAPOR * ETvap * EF * ED EC- (a9a e,ow x)= 24 * ATrreume Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation RBC;nna,adnn= THI EC- * RfC EC,, = [EPC]PART * ETp.,i * EF * ED * C2 --- OR--- [EPC]VAPOR * ETvap * EF * ED * C2 24*AT Parameter Value - Cancer Value - Non -Cancer Units CSF Chemical specific (mg/kg-day)-' IUR Chemical specific -- (ug/m')-' Intake Age/chemical specific mg/kg-day ECG Age/chemical specific (ug/m') ELCR Age/chemical specific unitless RfD Chemical specific mg/kg-day RfC Chemical specific (mg/m') DAD Age/chemical specific Age/chemical specific mg/kg-day DAE—t Age/chemical specific Age/chemical specific mg/cm2-event EC- Age/chemical specific mg/ma HQ Age/chemical specific unitless [EPC]so;, Chemical specific Chemical specific mg/kg [EPC]PART -----NOT USED----- -----NOT USED----- ug/m' [EPC]vAPOR -----NOT USED----- -----NOT USED----- ug/m' ABS;,g Chemical specific Chemical specific unitless ABSd Chemical specific Chemical specific unitless BW NA 15 kg EF 45 45 day/year ED 26 6 year AT -- 2190 day ATlifetime 25550 -- day IFSadj 7 -- mg-yr/kg-day IR NA 10 mg/day FI 1 1 unitless C1 0.000001 0.000001 kg/mg SA NA 6378 cm2 AF NA 0.1 mg/cm2 EV 1 1 event/day DFSadj 741 NA mg-yr/kg-day ETPart 1 2 hours/day C2 0.001 0.001 mg/ug ETVap ug/mg 1 /6/2016 Page 1 of 4 Attachment I Table 4-9 Risk Based Concentrations - Cancer -Based Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment OH -Site Recreational Swimmer -CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT Exposure Routes Evaluated Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Incidental Ingestion Yes Duke Energy Dermal Contact Yes Particulate Inhalation No Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1E-04 INC - not carcinooenic by this exposure route NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration CSF - cancer slope factor RBC -risk based concentration NTV - no toxicity value available DAD - dermally absorbed dose ABS - absorption factor UR - cancer unit risk COPC - chemical of potential concern Intake Calculations Absorption Factors Muta enic Cancer Toxicity Values COPC CASRN EPC Soil Intakeing„,ign DADann+i ECp ftl.ul . EC�+p., ABSING ABSd MOA? CSFgr+i CSFd+,m+i IUR RBCing+pmn RBCd—.i RBCp+ _,.r+ RBC-_ RBCr.r.i (mglkg) (mg/kg/day) (mg/kg/day) (ug/m') (ug/m') (unitless) (unitless) (mg/kglday)" (mg/kg/day)-' (uglm')" Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 1.0E+00 5.1E-08 FALSE NE NE 1 Y 5.0E-01 2.0E+01 8.4E-02 3.9E+03 NE NE 3.9E+03 1/6/2016 Page 2 of 4 Attachment I Table 4.9 Risk Based Concentrations - Non -cancer -Based Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment Off -Site Recreational Swimmer - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT Exposure Routes Evaluated Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Incidental Ingestion Yes Duke Energy Dermal Contact Yes Particulate Inhalation No Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration RfD - reference dose RBC -risk based concentration COPC - chemical of Dotential concern NTV - no toxicity value available DAD - dennally absorbed dose ABS - absorption factor RfC - reference concentration Intake Calculations Absorption Factors Non -Cancer Toxicity Values COPC CASRN EPC Soil Intake;,,a„�;o„ DADa.rmm ECn,nmm.�, EC„enp, ABSING ABSa RfDo„ i RfDa.rmm RfC RBC;s„r;o„ RBCa,,,,,,i RBCpar;�„„ re RBCx,np, RBCrpr,i (mg/kg) (mglkglday) (mglkglday) (mglm') (mglm') (unitless) (unities (mglkglday) (mglkglday) (mglm') Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 1.0E+00 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 3.0E-03 7.5E-05 1.0E-04 3.7E+04 NE NE 3.7E+04 1/6/2016 Attachment I Table 4-9 Risk Based Concentration Summary Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment Off -Site Recreational Swimmer - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT Exposure Routes Evaluated Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy COPC - chemical of potential concern c -risk based concentration based on EPCs Page 3 of 4 Incidental Ingestion Yes Dermal Contact Yes Particulate Inhalation No Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 Taraet Cancer Risk (oer Chemical) 1 E-04 nc -risk based concentration based on non -cancer hazard index NA - no toxicitv value available:Risk Based Concentration not calculated COPC CASRN Risk Based Concentration Non -Cancer (mg/kg) Cancer (mg/kg) Final (mg/kg) Basis Chromium A (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 3.7E+04 3.9E+03 3.9E+03 c 1 /6/2016 Page 4 of 4 Attachment I Table 4-9 Risk Based Concentration Calculations Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy Total Risk Based Concentration 1 RBCrotal = [(1 /RBCingestlor) + (1 /RBCdarna) + (1 /RBCpan) + (1 /RBCvap)] Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion RBC,ngaat;on= TR / Intakeng* CSF [EPC]aon *[IFSadj - OR - IFSM] * ABSING * FI * EF * C1 Intakeng (age group.)= BW. * AT Ircauma Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption RBCdarn,al = TR / DAD * CSF DADdarmiagagmup.)= DAEvant * SA * EV * EF * ED BW. * ATlneame DAEvent = [EPC]ao;I * [DFSadj - OR - DFSM] * C1 Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation RBC;nhalauon = TR / ECoan * IUR ECoan (age [EPC]PART * ETPan * EF * ED --- OR--- [EPC]VAPOR * ETvap* EF * ED g group _ 24 * AT Ircauma For muta ens, IHHM is used in place of ED Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration foringestior THI RBC;ngeet;on = Intakemgn9 / RfD Intakeng = [EPC]aojI * IR * ABSIng * FI * EF * ED * C1 BW * AT Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption RBCden aI= THI DAD / RfD DADda,n, = DAEvent * SA * EV * EF * ED BW * AT DAEvant = [EPC]ao;I * ABSd * AF * C1 Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation RBC;nhalat;on= THI ECno / RfC ECno = [EPC]PART * ETPan * EF * ED * C2 --- OR--- [EPCI.POR * ETVap * EF * ED * C2 24 * AT Parameter Value - Cancer Value - Non -Cancer Units CSF Chemical specific (mg/kg-day)-' IUR Chemical specific (ug/m')-' Intake Age/chemical specific mg/kg-day ECoan Age/chemical specific (ug/m') ELCR Age/chemical specific unitless RfD Chemical specific mg/kg-day RfC Chemical specific (mg/m') DAD Age/chemical specific Age/chemical specific mg/kg-day DAE-ut Age/chemical specific Age/chemical specific mg/cm2-event ECno Age/chemical specific mg/rn' HQ Age/chemical specific unitless [EPC]aaI Chemical specific Chemical specific mg/kg [EPC]PART -----NOT USED----- -----NOT USED----- ug/m' [EPC]VAPOR -----NOT USED----- -----NOT USED----- ug/m' ABS;ng Chemical specific Chemical specific unitless ABSd Chemical specific Chemical specific unitless BW NA 15 kg EF 45 45 day/year ED 26 2 year AT -- 730 day ATlifetime 25550 -- day IFSadj 7 mg-yr/kg-day IFSM 29 -- mg-yr/kg-day IR NA 10 mg/day FI 1 1 unitless C1 0.000001 0.000001 kg/mg SA NA 6378 cm2 AF NA 0.1 mg/cm2 EV 1 1 event/day DFSadj 741 -- mg-yr/kg-day DFSM 2454 -- mg-yr/kg-day ETPart 2 2 hours/day C2 0.001 0.001 mg/ug ETVap 2 2 ug/mg WHIM 6480 unitless 1 /6/2016 Page 1 of 4 Attachment J - Table 4-10 Risk Based Concentrations - Cancer -Based Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface Water Off -Site Recreational Swimmer - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Dermal Contact Yes Duke Energy Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04 NC - not carcinoaenic by this exposure route NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration CSF - cancer slope factor RBC - risk based concentrations NTV - no toxicity value available DAD - dermally absorbed dose ABS - absorption factor UR - cancer unit risk COPC - chemical of potenital concern e Calculations Ta water Dermal Parameters Cancer ToxicityValues COPC CASRN EPC Fntaker 7DZ DAions ei EC„ee, B t* Kp FA In EPD? CSFerei CSFde,m IUR RBCina*emn RBCderm(mg/L)g/kglday)ay) (mg/kglday) (ug/m') (unitless) (hrlevent) (hr) (cmlhr) (unitless) (YIN) (mglkglday)'' (mglkglday)'' (uglms) (mglL) (mglL) Aluminum 7429-90-5 1.00E-03 NC INC INC NE 2.0E-03 1.5E-01 3.6E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y INC INC NE Antimony 7440-36-0 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 4.2E-03 5.1E-01 1.2E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Arsenic 7440-38-2 1.00E-03 1.3E-07 2.0E-09 2.9E-08 NE 3.3E-03 2.8E-01 6.6E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.5E+00 1.5E+00 4.3E-03 5.0E-01 2.3E+00 NE 4.1E-01 Barium 7440-39-3 1.00E-03 NC INC NC NE 4.5E-03 6.2E-01 1.5E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Beryllium 7440-41-7 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 1.2E-03 1.2E-01 2.8E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 2.4E-03 NC NC NE Boron 7440-42-8 1.00E-03 NC INC NC NE 1.4E-03 1.3E-01 3.0E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Cadmium 7440-43-9 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 4.1E-03 4.5E-01 1.1E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.8E-03 NC NC NE Calcium 7440-70-2 1.00E-03 NC INC NC NE 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 2.8E-03 2.1E-01 4.9E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Chromium III 16065-83-1 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 2.8E-03 2.1E-01 4.9E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Cobalt 7440-48-0 1.00E-03 INC NC INC NE 1.2E-03 2.2E-01 5.4E-01 4.0E-04 1 Y 9.0E-03 NC NC NE Copper 7440-50-8 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 3.1E-03 2.4E-01 5.7E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Iron 7439-89-6 1.00E-03 INC INC NC NE 2.9E-03 2.2E-01 5.2E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Lead 7439-92-1 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 5.5E-04 1.5E+00 3.7E+00 1.0E-04 1 Y NC NC NE Magnesium 7439-95-4 1.00E-03 INC NC INC NE 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Manganese 7439-96-5 1.00E-03 NC INC NC NE 2.9E-03 2.1E-01 5.1E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Mercury 7439-97-6 1.00E-03 INC NC NC NE 5.4E-03 1.4E+00 3.4E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Molybdenum 7439-98-7 1.00E-03 NC INC NC NE 3.8E-03 3.6E-01 8.7E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Nickel 7440-02-0 1.00E-03 NC INC NC NE 5.9E-04 2.2E-01 5.4E-01 2.0E-04 1 Y 2.4E-04 NC NC NE Potassium 7440-09-7 1.00E-03 NC INC NC NE 2.0E-04 1 Y NC NC NE Selenium 7782-49-2 1.00E-03 INC NC NC NE 3.4E-03 2.9E-01 7.0E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Sodium 7440-23-5 1.00E-03 NC INC NC NE 6.0E-04 1 Y NC NC NE Strontium 7440-24-6 1.00E-03 INC NC INC NE 3.6E-03 3.3E-01 7.8E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Thallium 7440-28-0 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 5.5E-03 1.5E+00 3.5E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Titanium 7440-32-6 1.00E-03 INC INC NC NE 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Vanadium 7440-62-2 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 2.7E-03 2.0E-01 4.9E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Zinc 7440-66-6 1.00E-03 INC NC INC NE 1.9E-03 2.4E-01 5.9E-01 6.0E-04 1 Y NC NC NE Nitrate 14797-55-8 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 3.0E-03 2.3E-01 5.6E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Sulfde 18496-25-8 1.00E-03 INC NC NC NE 4.0E-04 1 Y NC NC NE 1/8/2016 Page 2 of 4 :hment J - Table 4-10 Based Concentrations - Non -cancer -Based ,ation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface Water site Recreational Swimmer - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT an Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Dermal Contact Yes Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration RfD - reference dose RBC - risk based concentrations COPC - chemical of potenital concern NTV - no tmdcity value available DAD - dermally absorbed dose ABS - absorption factor RfC - reference concentration Intake Calculations Tapwater Dermal Parameters Non -Cancer Toxicity Values COPC CASRN EPC rtal�,,,, naa DA.. DADda„aai EC„ana, B c t* Kp FA In EPD? RfD„a, RfDdam,ai RfC RBCina,.n.n RBCd.r 1 RBC*,po, RBCtann (mg/L) gg/day) (mglkg/day) (mg/kglday) (mg/m') (unitless) (hrlevent) (hr) (cMhr) (unitless) (YIN) (mglkglday) (mglkg/day) (mglm') (mglL) (mglL) (mg/L) Aluminum 7429-90-5 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 2.0E-09 1.0E-07 NE 2.0E-03 1.5E-01 3.6E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.0E+00 1.0E+00 5.0E-03 1.2E+03 9.5E+03 NE 1.1E+03 Antimony 7440-36-0 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 2.0E-09 1.0E-07 NE 4.2E-03 5.1E-01 1.2E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y 4.0E-04 6.0E-05 4.9E-01 5.7E-01 NE 2.6E-01 Arsenic 7440-38-2 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 2.0E-09 1.0E-07 NE 3.3E-03 2.8E-01 6.6E-01 0E-0 0.6 Y 3.0E-04 3.0E-04 1.5E-05 3.7E-01 2.9E+00 NE 3.2E-01 ariu 740-39-3 1.00E-03 8.2E07 2.0E-09 1.0E-07 NE 4.5E-03 6.2E-01 1.5E+00 1. 1 Y 20E-01 14E02 50E-04 2.4E+02 1.3E+02 NE 8.6E+01B Beryllium 7440-41-7 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 2.0E-09 1.0E-07 NE 1.2E-03 1.2E-01 2.8E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 2.0E-03 1.4E-05 2.0E-05 2.4E+00 1.3E-01 NE 1.3E-01 Boron 7440-42-8 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 2.0E-09 1.0E-07 NE 1.4E-03 1.3E-01 3.0E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 2.0E-01 2.0E-01 2.0E-02 2.4E+02 1.9E+03 NE 2.2E+02 Cadmium 7440-43-9 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 2.0E-09 1.0E-07 NE 4.1E-03 4.5E-01 1.1E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.0E-03 2.5E-05 2.0E-05 1.2E+00 2.4E-01 NE 2.0E-01 Calcium 7440-70-2 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 2.0E-09 1.0E-07 NE 1.0E-03 1 Y NTV NTV NE Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 2.0E-09 1.0E-07 NE 2.8E-03 2.1E-01 4.9E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.5E+00 2.0E-02 1.8E+03 1.9E+02 NE 1.7E+02 Chromium III 16065-83-1 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 2.0E-09 1.0E-07 NE 2.8E-03 2.1E-01 4.9E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.5E+00 2.0E-02 1.8E+03 1.9E+02 NE 1.7E+02 Cobalt 7440-48-4 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 8.0E-10 4.2E-08 NE 1.2E-03 2.2E-01 5.4E-01 4.0E-04 1 Y 3.0E-04 3.0E-04 6.0E-06 3.7E-01 7.2E+00 NE 3.5E-01 Copper 7440-50-8 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 2.0E-09 1.0E-07 NE 3.1E-03 2.4E-01 5.7E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 4.0E-02 4.0E-02 4.9E+01 3.8E+02 NE 4.3E+01 Iron 7439-89-6 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 2.0E-09 1.0E-07 NE 2.9E-03 2.2E-01 5.2E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 7.0E-01 7.0E-01 8.5E+02 6.7E+03 NE 7.6E+02 Lead 7439-92-1 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 2.0E-10 1.0E-08 NE 5.5E-04 1.5E+00 3.7E+00 1.0E-04 1 Y NTV NTV NE Magnesium 7439-95-4 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 2.0E-09 1.0E-07 NE 1.0E-03 1 Y NTV NTV NE Manganese 7439-96-5 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 2.0E-09 1.0E-07 NE 2.9E-03 2.1E-01 5.1E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.4E-01 5.6E-03 5.0E-05 1.7E+02 5.3E+01 NE 4.1E+01 Mercury 7439-97-6 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 2.0E-09 1.0E-07 NE 5.4E-03 1.4E+00 3.4E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y 3.0E-04 2.1E-05 3.0E-04 3.7E-01 2.0E-01 NE 1.3E-01 Molybdenum 7439-98-7 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 2.0E-09 1.0E-07 NE 3.8E-03 3.6E-01 8.7E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 5.0E-03 5.0E-03 6.1E+00 4.8E+01 NE 5.4E+00 Nickel 7440-02-0 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 4.0E-10 2.1E-08 NE 5.9E-04 2.2E-01 5.4E-01 2.0E-04 1 Y 2.0E-02 8.0E-04 9.0E-05 2.4E+01 3.8E+01 NE 1.5E+01 Potassium 7440-09-7 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 4.0E-10 2.1E-08 NE 2.0E-04 1 Y NTV NTV NE Selenium 7782-49-2 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 2.0E-09 1.0E-07 NE 3.4E-03 2.9E-01 7.0E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 5.0E-03 5.0E-03 2.0E-02 6.1E+00 4.8E+01 NE 5.4E+00 Sodium 7440-23-5 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 1.2E-09 6.3E-08 NE 6.0E-04 1 Y NTV NTV NE Strontium 7440-24-6 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 2.0E-09 1.0E-07 NE 3.6E-03 3.3E-01 7.8E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 6.0E-01 6.0E-01 7.3E+02 5.7E+03 NE 6.5E+02 Thallium 7440-28-0 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 2.0E-09 1.0E-07 NE 5.5E-03 1.5E+00 3.5E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y NTV NTV NE Titanium 7440-32-6 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 2.0E-09 1.0E-07 NE 1.0E-03 1 Y NTV NTV NE Vanadium 7440-62-2 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 2.0E-09 1.0E-07 NE 2.7E-03 2.0E-01 4.9E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 5.0E-03 1.3E-04 1.0E-04 6.1E+00 1.2E+00 NE 1.0E+00 Zinc 7440-66-6 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 1.2E-09 6.3E-08 NE 1.9E-03 2.4E-01 5.9E-01 6.0E-04 1 Y 3.0E-01 3.0E-01 3.7E+02 4.8E+03 NE 3.4E+02 Nitrate 14797-55-8 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 2.0E-09 1.0E-07 NE 3.0E-03 2.3E-01 5.6E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.6E+00 1.6E+00 1.9E+03 1.5E+04 NE 1.7E+03 Sulfide 18496-25-8 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 7.9E-10 4.2E-08 NE 4.0E-04 1 Y NTV NTV NE 1/8/2016 Page 3 of 4 achment J -Table 4-10 ;k Based Concentrations Summary rivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface Water -Site Recreational Swimmer - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT n Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Dermal Contact Yes Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04 COPC - chemical of potenital concern nc - risk based concentrations based on non -cancer hazard index c - risk based concentrations based on cancer risk NA - no toxicitv value available; remedial not calculated COPC CASRN Risk Based Concentration I Non -Cancer (mg/L) Cancer I (mg/L) Final I (mg/L) Basis Aluminum 142U-9U-b 1.1t+u3 1.11=+U3 nc Antimony 7440-36-0 2.6E-01 2.6E-01 nc Arsenic 7440-38-2 3.2E-01 4.1E-01 3.2E-01 nc Barium 7440-39-3 8.6E+01 8.6E+01 nc Beryllium 7440-41-7 1.3E-01 1.3E-01 nc Boron 7440-42-8 2.2E+02 2.2E+02 nc Cadmium 7440-43-9 2.0E-01 2.0E-01 nc Calcium 7440-70-2 NA Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 1.7E+02 1.7E+02 nc Chromium III 16065-83-1 1.7E+02 1.7E+02 nc Cobalt 7440-48-4 3.5E-01 3.5E-01 nc Copper 7440-50-8 4.3E+01 4.3E+01 nc Iron 7439-89-6 7.6E+02 7.6E+02 nc Lead 7439-92-1 NA Magnesium 7439-95-4 NA Manganese 7439-96-5 4.1E+01 4.1E+01 nc Mercury 7439-97-6 1.3E-01 1.3E-01 nc Molybdenum 7439-98-7 5.4E+00 5.4E+00 nc Nickel 7440-02-0 1.5E+01 1.5E+01 nc Potassium 7440-09-7 NA Selenium 7782-49-2 5.4E+00 5.4E+00 nc Sodium 7440-23-5 NA Strontium 7440-24-6 6.5E+02 6.5E+02 nc Thallium 7440-28-0 NA Titanium 7440-32-6 NA Vanadium 7440-62-2 1.0E+00 1.0E+00 nc Zinc 7440-66-6 3.4E+02 3.4E+02 nc Nitrate 14797-55-8 1.7E+03 1.7E+03 nc Sulfide 18496-25-8 NA 1 /8/2016 Page 4 of 4 Table 4-10 Risk Based Concentration Calculations Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy Total Risk Based Concentrations 1 RBC,�,;= [(1/RBC;nge*non)+(IMCdenn,;)+(1/RBC,.,p)] Cancer -Risk Based Concentrations for Ingestion RBC;nga,ti. = TR Intake;ng * CSF [EPC]w,t,r * IFWadj * FI Intake;ng (,g, gm„ p,) = BW * ATliwime Cancer -Risk Based Concentrations from Dermal Absorption TR RBCdern,,; = DADd,,,,, *CSF DAE„nt * DFWadj DADd.. (ageg—p.) _ ATiiretima DAE*ant = [EPC]„„ tar * PCevent Organic Compounds: PCeventTeventIX* _ 2 • FA * Cz , F6.7.. * T *aTevent Kp Tevent 1 + 3B + 3B' PCeventTevent—t* = FA * C2 * 1 + B + 2 * T * 1 + B ' Inorganics Compounds: PCevent = Kp * Tevent C2 Cancer -Risk Based Concentrations for Inhalation RBC;nh,;,ti. = TR EC_ *IUR [EPC]VAPOR * ETvw * EF * ED * C1 ECe,n _ (a .,—p=) — 24 * ATiiwime Noncancer-Risk Based Concentrations for Ingestion RBCmge3non = THI Intake;ng / RfD Intake;ng = [EPC]w,t,r * IR * FI * EF * ED * C1 BW * AT Noncancer-Risk Based Concentrations for Dermal Absorption THI RBCd..d = DADd,rn, / RfD DADd ,m, = DAE„snt * SA * EV * EF * ED (age 9rwp=1 BW*AT DAE*ant = [EPC]„„ tar * PCevent Organic Compounds: PCeventTevent<t* _ 2 * FA * C2 . 6 * T *R event Kp Tevent 1 + 3B + 3B' PCeventTevent>=t* = FA * C2 * 1 + B + 2 * T * 1 + B ) C Inorganics Compounds: PCevent = Kp * Tevent C2 Noncancer-Risk Based Concentrations for Inhalation THI RBC;nh,;,ti. = EC, / RfC ECnn _ [EPCI—OR * ETv,p * EF * ED * C1 24 * AT Parameter Value - Cancer Value - Non -Cancer Units CSF Chemical specific -- (mg/kg-day)-' IUR Chemical specific -- (ug/m3)-' Intake Age/chemical specific -- mg/kg-day ECnn Age/chemical specific -- (ugW) ELCR Age/chemical specific -- undless RfD -- Chemical specific mg/kg-day RfC -- Chemical specific (mg/m3) DAD Age/chemical specific Age/chemical specific mg/kg-day DAs Age/chemical specific Age/chemical speck mg/cm 3-event ECnn -- Age/chemical specific mg/m3 HQ -- Age/chemical speck undless [EPCj_., Chemical specific Chemical specific mg/L PCevent Chemical specific Chemical specific L/cm`-event [EPCj._ - NOT USED— —NOT USED ug/m3 BW NA 15 kg EF 45 45 day/year ED 26 6 year AT -- 2190 day ATfrfetime 25550 -- day IFWadj 3 -- L/kg IR NA 0.1 L/day FI 1 1 undless SA NA 6378 cm2 Tevent 2.00 2 hr/event EV 1 1 event/day DFWadj 368901 NA events-cm2/kg C1 0.001 0.001 mg/ug ETVap 2 2 hr/day C2 1000 1000 cm'/L 1/8/2016 Pace 1 of 4 Attachment J -Table 4-10 Risk Based Concentrations - Cancer -Based Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface water Off -Site Recreational Swimmer - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Dermal Contact Yes Duke Energy Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1E-04 INC - not carcinogenic by this exposure route NV - not volatile EC - exposure wricentration CSF - cancer Slope factor RBC - risk based Concentration IJTV - no toxicity value avaih Attachment J DAD - dermally absorbed dose ABS - absorption factor UR - cancer unit risk COPC - chemical of potential concern EPD - effective permeability domain Intake Calculations I Tapwater Dermal Parameters Cancer Toxici Values Mu'agen'c COPC CASRN EPC Intake;,,g—;*„ DA*,*„r DADa*,m,; EC,,,p„ B i t* Kp FA In EPD? Mi CSF,,,; CSFa*,m,; IUR RBC;,,g**u,,, RBCa*,m,; RBC,,,p„ Rri (mglL) (mg/kg/day) (mg/kg/day) (mg/kg/day) (ug/m') (unitless) (hr/event) (hr) (cii (unitless) (Y/N) (mglkglday)"' (mg/kg/day)" (ug/m')" (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) Chromium VI(hexavalem) 18540-29-9 1.001 5.21 4.01 241 NE 5.51 2.1E-01 4.9E-01 2.01 1 Y Y 5.0E-01 2.0E+01 8.4E-02 3.91 2.1E-02 NE 2.0E-02 1/8/2016 Pace 2 of 4 Attachment J -Table 4-10 Risk Based Concentrations - Non -cancer -Based Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface water Off -Site Recreational Swimmer - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy COPC CASRN EPC Intake;,,g„a,n DA�..m DADae,m, (mglL) (mg/kglday) (mglkglday) (mglkgld: Chromium VI (h—alent) 18540-29-9 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 4.0E-09 2.1E-07 Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Dermal Contact Yes Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1E+00 - chemical of Dotential concern B t t' K FA In EPD. Rf)„a, RfDae,;,, RfC RBC;ge,a,n RBC;gsaan RBCa.,,,,,, RBC„',; P � glm') (unitless) (hr/event) (hr) (cmlhr) (unitless) (Y/N) (mg/kg/day) (mg/kg/day) (mglm') (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) NE 5.5E-03 2.1E-01 4.9E-01 2.0E-03 1 Y 3.0E-03 7.5E-05 1.0E-04 3.7E+00 3.6E-01 NE 3.3E-01 1/8/2016 Page 3 of 4 achment J - Table 4-10 ;k Based Concentration Summary rivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface water -Site Recreational Swimmer - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT n Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Dermal Contact Yes Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04 COPC - chemical of potenital concern nc - risk based concentration based on non -cancer hazard index c - risk based concentration based , Attachment J NA - no toxicity value available; remedial not calculated COPC CASRN Risk Based Concentration I Non -Cancer (mg/L) Cancer I (mg/L) I Final (mg/L) Basis Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 3.3E-01 2.0E-02 2.0E-02 c 1 /8/2016 Page 4 of 4 Table 4-10 Risk Based Concentration Calculations -Cancer-Basetl -Single Age Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy Total Risk Based Concentration 1 RBCtaa;=[(1/RBC;ngm;on)+(1/RBCdanna;)+(1/RBC:;)] Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion RBCmge:mn = TR Intake;ng *CSF [EPCI—a, * IFWM * FI Intake;ng(ege gmp=)= BW*ATiiretime Cancer -Risk Based Concentration from Dermal Absorption TR RBCd.-W = DADtlam, *CSF DAD ems = DAEwnt * DFWM tl (agegraupx)— ATrretime DAE,,ant = [EPC]watar * PCevent Organic Compounds: PCeventTeventq* = 2 * FA * C2 . 6 * r *R event Kp Tevent 1 + 3B + 3B' PCeventTevent>=t* = FA * C2 * 1 + B + 2 * T * ( 1 + B z ) Inorganics Compounds: Kp * Tevent PCevent= C2 Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation TR RBC;nhaladm = ECcan *IUR [EPC]VAPOR * INMH * C1 EC.,— IN. g1°"p') — * 24 ATliretime Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion RBC;ngaat;m = THI Intake;ng / RfD Intake;ng = [EPCI—a, * IR * FI * EF * ED * C1 BW * AT Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption RBCtlarn,a; = THI DADtlan„ / RfD DADa ern, DAE,ant * SA * EV * EF * ED (age grwv=)= BW*AT DAEvent = [EPC]watar * PCevent Organic Compounds: PCeventTeventIX* _ 2 , FA , Cz 6 * T , *aTevent Kp Tevent 1 + 3B + 3B' PCeventTevent>=t* = FA' C2 ' 1 + B + 2 fi T fi 1 + B' Inorganics Compounds: Kp * Tevent PCevent = C2 Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation THI RBC;nha;atim = ECn� / RfC ECna = [EPC]VAPOR * ETVap * EF * ED * C1 24*AT Parameter Value - Cancer value - Non -Cancer Units CSF Chemical specific -- (mg/kg-day)-' IUR Chemical specific -- (ug/m3)-' Intake Age/chemical specific -- mg/kg-day EC_ Age/chemical specific -- (ug/m') ELCR Age/chemical specific -- unHless RfD -- Chemical specific mg/kg-day RfC -- Chemical specific (mg/m') DAD Age/chemical specific Age/chemical specific mg/kg-day DAE Age/chemical specific Age/chemical specific mg/0m2-event EC„, -- Age/chemical specific mg/m' HO -- Age/chemical specific unHless [EPC]wme, Chemical specific Chemical specific mg/L PCevent Chemical specific Chemical specific L/cm`-event [EPC]._ -----NOT USED— —NOT USED ug/m' BW NA 15 kg EF 45 45 day/year ED 26 2 year AT -- 730 day ATIHetime 25550 -- day IFWM 3.4 -- L/kg IR 0 0.1 L/day FI NA 1 unHless SA 13 6378 cm2 Tevent 0.00 2 hr/event EV NA 1 event/day DFWM 1 — event-2/kg C1 0.001 0.001 mg/ug INHM 1537099 NA hr/day C2 1000 1000 cm'/L 1/8/2016 Page 1 of 4 Attachment K - Table 4-11 Risk Based Concentrations - Cancer -Based Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment Off -Site Recreational Wader - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT Exposure Routes Evaluated Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Incidental Ingestion Yes Duke Energy Dermal Contact Yes Particulate Inhalation No Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04 NC - not carcinogenic by this emosure route NV - not volatile EC - emosure concentration CSF - cancer slope factor RBC - risk based concentration NTV - no toxicity value available DAD - dermally absorbed dose ASS - absorption factor UR - cancer unit risk COPC - chemical of potential concern Intake Calculations Absorption Factors Cancer Toxicity Values COPC CASRN Intake;nppsdpn (mg/kg/day) DADdmp prl (mg/kg/day) ECppm�wp�p (u w EC, ". I (ug/m') ABSING (unitless) ABSd (unitless) CSFprpl (mg/kg/day)-' CSFdI p,n„ (mg/kg/day)-' IUR (ug/m')-' RBCln—timn RBCdprn„ I RBCppNI�pl_ RBC„ppp, RBC_.j Aluminum 7429-90-5 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Antimony 7440-36-0 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Arsenic 7440-38-2 7.3E-09 1.1E-08 NE NE 0.6 0.03 1.5E+00 1.5E+00 4.3E-03 9.1E+03 6.1E+03 NE NE 3.6E+03 Barium 7440-39-3 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Beryllium 7440-41-7 NC NC NE NE NC NC 2.4E-03 NC NC NE NE Boron 7440-42-8 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Cadmium 7440-43-9 NC NC NE NE NC NC 1.8E-03 NC NC NE NE Calcium 7440-70-2 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Chromium III 16065-83-1 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Cobalt 7440-48-4 NC NC NE NE NC NC 9.0E-03 NC NC NE NE Copper 7440-50-8 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Iron 7439-89-6 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Lead 7439-92-1 NC NC NE NE 1 NC NC NE NE Magnesium 7439-95-4 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Manganese 7439-96-5 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Mercury 7439-97-6 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Molybdenum 7439-98-7 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Nickel 7440-02-0 NC NC NE NE NC NC 2.4E-04 NC NC NE NE Potassium 7440-09-7 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Selenium 7782-49-2 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Sodium 7440-23-5 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Strontium 7440-24-6 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Thallium 7440-28-0 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Titanium 7440-32-6 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Vanadium 7440-62-2 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Zinc 7440-66-6 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Nitrate 14797-55-8 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Sulfide 18496-25-8 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE 1/6/2016 Page 2 of 4 Attachment K -Table 4-11 Risk Based Concentrations - Non -cancer -Based Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment Off -Site Recreational Wader - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Dermal Contact Yes Particulate Inhalation No Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration RfD - reference dose RBC - risk based concentration COPC - chemical of potential Concern NTV - no toxicity value available DAD - dermally absorbed dose ABS - absorption factor RfC - reference concentration Intake Calculations Absorption Factors Non -Cancer Toxicity Values Intake;1e,t (mg/kg/day), DADderm (mg/kg/day) ECp,nmwe (mg/m3) EC-1 (mg/m3) ABSinc (unitless) ABSds (unities RfDpi (mg/kg/day) RfDd,u,i (mg/kg/day) RfC (m COPC CASRN RBC;,„tp, RBCd,,,i RBCp,n;cuo RBC__ RBCa,i Aluminum 7429-90-5 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 1.0E+00 1.0E+00 5.0E-03 1.2E+07 NE NE 1.2E+07 Antimony 7440-36-0 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 4.0E-04 6.0E-05 4.9E+03 NE NE 4.9E+03 Arsenic 7440-38-2 4.9E-08 4.4E-08 NE NE 0.6 0.03 3.0E-04 3.0E-04 1.5E-05 6.1E+03 6.9E+03 NE NE 3.2E+03 Barium 7440-39-3 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 2.0E-01 1.4E-02 5.0E-04 2.4E+06 NE NE 2.4E+06 Beryllium 7440-41-7 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 2.0E-03 1.4E-05 2.0E-05 2.4E+04 NE NE 2.4E+04 Boron 7440-42-8 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 2.0E-01 2.0E-01 2.0E-02 2.4E+06 NE NE 2.4E+06 Cadmium 7440-43-9 8.2E-08 1.5E-09 NE NE 1 0.001 1.0E-03 2.5E-05 2.0E-05 1.2E+04 1.7E+04 NE NE 7.1E+03 Calcium 7440-70-2 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 NTV NTV NE NE Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 1.5E+00 2.0E-02 1.8E+07 NE NE 1.8E+07 Chromium III 16065-83-1 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 1.5E+00 2.0E-02 1.8E+07 NE NE 1.8E+07 Cobalt 7440-48-4 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 3.0E-04 3.0E-04 6.0E-06 3.7E+03 NE NE 3.7E+03 Copper 7440-50-8 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 4.0E-02 4.0E-02 4.9E+05 NE NE 4.9E+05 Iron 7439-89-6 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 7AE-01 7.0E-01 8.5E+06 NE NE 8.5E+06 Lead 7439-92-1 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 NTV NTV NE NE Magnesium 7439-95-4 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 NTV NTV NE NE Manganese 7439-96-5 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 1.4E-01 5.6E-03 5.0E-05 1.7E+06 NE NE 1.7E+06 Mercury 7439-97-6 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 3.0E-04 2.1E-05 3.0E-04 3.7E+03 NE NE 3.7E+03 Molybdenum 7439-98-7 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 5.0E-03 5.0E-03 6.1E+04 NE NE 6.1E+04 Nickel 7440-02-0 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 2.0E-02 8.0E-04 9.0E-05 2.4E+05 NE NE 2.4E+05 Potassium 7440-09-7 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 NTV NTV NE NE Selenium 7782-49-2 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 5.0E-03 5.0E-03 2.0E-02 6.1E+04 NE NE 6.1E+04 Sodium 7440-23-5 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 NTV NTV NE NE Strontium 7440-24-6 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 6.0E-01 6.0E-01 7.3E+06 NE NE 7.3E+06 Thallium 7440-28-0 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 1.0E-05 1.0E-05 1.2E+02 NE NE 1.2E+02 Titanium 7440-32-6 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 NTV NTV NE NE Vanadium 7440-62-2 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 5.0E-03 1.3E-04 1.0E-04 6.1E+04 NE NE 6.1E+04 Zinc 7440-66-6 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 3.0E-01 3.0E-01 3.7E+06 NE NE 3.7E+06 Nitrate 14797-55-8 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 1.6E+00 1.6E+00 1.9E+07 NE NE 1.9E+07 Sulfide 18496-25-8 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 NTV NTV NE NE 1/6/2016 Page 3 of 4 Attachment K - Table 4-11 Risk Based Concentration Summary Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment Off -Site Recreational Wader - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT Exposure Routes Evaluated Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Incidental Ingestion Yes Duke Energy Dermal Contact Yes Particulate Inhalation No Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04 COPC - chemical of potential concern no - risk based concentration based on non -cancer hazard index c - risk based concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicity value available; Risk Based Concentration not calculated COPC CASRN Risk Based Concentration I Non -Cancer (mg/kg) Cancer (mg/kg) Final (mg/kg) Basis Aluminum 142U-JU-b 1.2L+Ut 1.2L+Ut no Antimony 7440-36-0 4.9E+03 4.9E+03 no Arsenic 7440-38-2 3.2E+03 3.6E+03 3.2E+03 no Barium 7440-39-3 2.4E+06 2.4E+06 no Beryllium 7440-41-7 2.4E+04 2.4E+04 no Boron 7440-42-8 2.4E+06 2.4E+06 no Cadmium 7440-43-9 7.1E+03 7.1E+03 no Calcium 7440-70-2 NA Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 1.8E+07 1.8E+07 no Chromium III 16065-83-1 1.8E+07 1.8E+07 no Cobalt 7440-48-4 3.7E+03 3.7E+03 no Copper 7440-50-8 4.9E+05 4.9E+05 no Iron 7439-89-6 8.5E+06 8.5E+06 no Lead 7439-92-1 NA Magnesium 7439-95-4 NA Manganese 7439-96-5 1.7E+06 1.7E+06 no Mercury 7439-97-6 3.7E+03 3.7E+03 no Molybdenum 7439-98-7 6.1E+04 6.1E+04 no Nickel 7440-02-0 2.4E+05 2.4E+05 no Potassium 7440-09-7 NA Selenium 7782-49-2 6.1E+04 6.1E+04 no Sodium 7440-23-5 NA Strontium 7440-24-6 7.3E+06 7.3E+06 no Thallium 7440-28-0 1.2E+02 1.2E+02 no Titanium 7440-32-6 NA Vanadium 7440-62-2 6.1E+04 6.1E+04 no Zinc 7440-66-6 3.7E+06 3.7E+06 no Nitrate 14797-55-8 1.9E+07 1.9E+07 no Sulfide 18496-25-8 NA 1 /6/2016 Page 4 of 4 Attachment K - Table 4.11 Risk Based Concentration Calculations - Composite Receptor/Age-Adjusted Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy Total Risk Based Concentration 1 RBCtotai = [(1 /RGingeauon) + (1 /RGderroa) + (1 /RGpa,t) + (1 /RGvap)] Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion RBC,nsasuon= TR / Intakeng* CSF [EPC]aoii * IFSadj * ABSING * FI * EF * C1 Intakeng (age group,)= BW. * AT irceuroe Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption RBCden ai = TR / DAD * CSF DADdar.(agegroup x)= DAEvent * SA * EV * EF * ED BW. * ATIburoe DAEvent = [EPC]aoii * DFSadj * C1 Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion RBC;ngeet;on= THI Intakens * RfD Intakeng = [EPC]so;i * IR * ABS;ng * FI * EF * ED * C1 BW * AT Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption RBCdero,ai= THI DAD * RfD DADdar,n = DAEvent * SA * EV * EF * ED BW * AT DAE—t = [EPC]aoii * ABSd * AF * C1 Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation RBC1nha1anon = TR / ECoan * IUR ECoan (age [EPC]PART * ETPad * EF * ED --- OR--- [EPC]vAPOR * ETvap* EF * ED (s group •)— _ 24 * AT rrearoe Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation THI RBClnhaiatmn= ECno * RfC ECnu, = [EPC]PART * ETPa,t * EF * ED * C2 --- OR--- [EPC]vAPOR * ETvap* EF * ED * C2 24 *AT Parameter Value - Cancer Value - Non -Cancer Units CSF Chemical specific (mg/kg-day)-' IUR Chemical specific -- (ug/m')-' Intake Age/chemical specific mg/kg-day ECoan Age/chemical specific (ug/m') ELCR Age/chemical specific unitless RfD Chemical specific mg/kg-day RfC Chemical specific (mg/m') DAD Age/chemical specific Age/chemical specific mg/kg-day DAE-nt Age/chemical specific Age/chemical specific mg/cm2-event ECno Age/chemical specific mg/ma HQ Age/chemical specific unitless [EPC]_il Chemical specific Chemical specific mg/kg [EPC]PART -----NOT USED----- -----NOT USED----- ug/m' [EPC]vAPGR -----NOT USED----- -----NOT USED----- ug/m' ABS;ng Chemical specific Chemical specific unitless ABSd Chemical specific Chemical specific unitless BW NA 15 kg EF 45 45 day/year ED 26 6 year AT -- 2190 day ATlifetime 25550 -- day IFSadj 7 -- mg-yr/kg-day IR NA 10 mg/day FI 1 1 unitless C1 0.000001 0.000001 kg/mg SA NA 1770 cm2 AF NA 0.1 mg/cm2 EV 1 1 event/day DFSadj 208 NA mg-yr/kg-day ETPart 1 2 hours/day C2 0.001 0.001 mg/ug ETVap ug/mg 1 /6/2016 Page 1 of 4 Attachment K - Table 4-11 Risk Based Concentrations - Cancer -Based Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment OH -Site Recreational Wader - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT Exposure Routes Evaluated Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Incidental Ingestion Yes Duke Energy Dermal Contact Yes Particulate Inhalation No Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1E-04 NC - not carcinogenic by this exposure route NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration CSF - cancer slope factor RBC - risk based concentration NTV - no toxicity value available DAD - dermally absorbed dose ABS - absorption factor UR - cancer unit risk COPC - chemical of potential concern Intake Calculations Absorption Factors Muta enic Cancer Toxicity Values COPC CASRN EPC Soil Intakeing„,ign DADd+,,,,+i ECwftl.ul EC�+p., ABSING ABSd MOA? CSFgr+i CSFd+,m+i IUR RBCing+pmn RBCd—.i RBCp+ _,.r+ RBC-_ RBCr.r.i (mglkg) (mg/kg/day) (mg/kg/day) (ug/m') (ug/m') (unitless) (unitless) (mg/kglday)" (mg/kg/day)-' (uglm')" Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 1.0E+00 5.1E-08 FALSE NE NE 1 Y 5.0E-01 2.0E+01 8.4E-02 3.9E+03 NE NE 3.9E+03 1/6/2016 Page 2 of 4 Attachment K - Table 4-11 Risk Based Concentrations - Non -cancer -Based Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment Off -Site Recreational Wader - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT Exposure Routes Evaluated Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Incidental Ingestion Yes Duke Energy Dermal Contact Yes Particulate Inhalation No Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration RfD - reference dose RBC - Risk Based Concentration COPC - chemical of Dotential concern NTV - no toxicity value available DAD - carnally absorbed dose ABS - absorption factor RfC - reference concentration Intake Calculations Absorption Factors Non -Cancer Toxicity Values COPC CASRN EPC Soil Intake;,,a„�;o„ DADa„m,i ECt„h;�„„„ EC„enp, ABSING ABSa RfDo„ i RfDa„m,i RfC RBC;s„r;o„ RBCa,,,,,,i RBCpar;�„„ re RBCx,np, RBCrpr,i (mg/kg) (mglkglday) (mglkglday) (mglm') (mglm') (unitless) (unities (mglkglday) (mglkglday) (mglm') Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 1.0E+00 8.2E-08 NE NE 1 3.0E-03 7.5E-05 1.0E-04 3.7E+04 NE NE 3.7E+04 1/6/2016 Attachment K - Table 4-11 Risk Based Concentration Summary Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment Off -Site Recreational Wader - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT Exposure Routes Evaluated Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy COPC - chemical of potential concern c - risk based concentration based on EPCs Page 3 of 4 Incidental Ingestion Yes Dermal Contact Yes Particulate Inhalation No Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 Taraet Cancer Risk (oer Chemical) 1 E-04 nc - risk based concentration based on non -cancer hazard index NA - no toxicitv value available: Risk Based Concentration not calculated COPC CASRN Risk Based Concentration Non -Cancer (mg/kg) Cancer (mg/kg) Final (mg/kg) Basis Chromium A (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 3.7E+04 3.9E+03 3.9E+03 c 1 /6/2016 Page 4 of 4 Attachment K - Table 4.11 Risk Based Concentration Calculations Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy Total Risk Based Concentration 1 RBCrotal = [(1 /RBCingestlor) + (1 /RBCdarna) + (1 /RBCpan) + (1 /RBCvap)] Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion RBC,,,gaat;o = TR / Intakeng* CSF [EPC]aon *[IFSadj - OR - IFSM] * ABSING * FI * EF * C1 Intakeng (age group.)= BW. * AT Ircauma Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption RBCdannal = TR / DAD * CSF DADdarmiagagmup.)= DAEvent * SA * EV * EF * ED BW. * ATlneame DAEvent = [EPC]an;I * [DFSadj - OR - DFSM] * C1 Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation RBC;nhalauon = TR / ECoan * IUR ECoan (age [EPC]PART * ETPan * EF * ED --- OR--- [EPC]VAPOR * ETvap* EF * ED g group _ 24 * AT Ircauma For muta ens, IHHM is used in place of ED Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration foringestior THI RBC;ngeet;on = Intakemgng / RfD Intakeng = [EPC]ao;I * IR * ABSIng * FI * EF * ED * C1 BW * AT Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption RBCda-.1= THI DAD / RfD DADda,n, = DAEvent * SA * EV * EF * ED BW * AT DAEvant = [EPC]an;I * ABSd * AF * C1 Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation RBC;nhalat;on= THI ECno / RfC ECno = [EPC]PART * ETPan * EF * ED * C2 --- OR--- [EPCI.POR * ETVap * EF * ED * C2 24 * AT Parameter Value - Cancer Value - Non -Cancer Units CSF Chemical specific (mg/kg-day)-' IUR Chemical specific (ug/m')-' Intake Age/chemical specific mg/kg-day ECoan Age/chemical specific (ug/m') ELCR Age/chemical specific unitless RfD Chemical specific mg/kg-day RfC Chemical specific (mg/m') DAD Age/chemical specific Age/chemical specific mg/kg-day DAE-ut Age/chemical specific Age/chemical specific mg/cm2-event ECno Age/chemical specific mg/rn' HQ Age/chemical specific unitless [EPC]aoll Chemical specific Chemical specific mg/kg [EPC]PART -----NOT USED----- -----NOT USED----- ug/m' [EPC]VAPOR -----NOT USED----- -----NOT USED----- ug/m' ABS;ng Chemical specific Chemical specific unitless ABSd Chemical specific Chemical specific unitless BW NA 15 kg EF 45 45 day/year ED 26 2 year AT -- 730 day ATlifetime 25550 -- day IFSadj 7 mg-yr/kg-day IFSM 29 -- mg-yr/kg-day IR NA 10 mg/day FI 1 1 unitless C1 0.000001 0.000001 kg/mg SA NA 1770 cm2 AF NA 0.1 mg/cm2 EV 1 1 event/day DFSadj 208 -- mg-yr/kg-day DFSM 689 -- mg-yr/kg-day ETPart 2 2 hours/day C2 0.001 0.001 mg/ug ETVap 2 2 ug/mg WHIM 6480 unitless 1 /6/2016 Paae 1 of 4 Attachment L - Table 4-12 Risk Based Concentrations - Cancer -Based Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface Water Off -Site Recreational Wader - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Dermal Contact Yes Duke Energy Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04 NC - not carcinogenic by this exposure route NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration CSF - cancer slope factor RBC - risk based concentration NTV - no toxicity value available DAD - dermally absorbed dose ASS - absorption factor UR - cancer unit risk COPC - chemical of potenital concern e Calculations Ta waterDermal Parameters Cancer Toxicit ValuesCOPC CASRN EPC Intake;ng,�;a, �(,,Sk DADa; ECwmr B i t• Kp FA FA In EPD? CSF,,,; CSFa,,,,,� IUR RBC;ngsra, RBCa.,,,,� RBC,,,p„ RBCtt,g/L) (mglkglday)ay) (mg/kglday) (uglm') (unitless) (hrlevent) (hr) (cmlhr) (YIN) (mglkglday)-' (mglkglday)-' (uglm')-' (mg/ (mg/ (mglL) (mglL) Aluminum 7429-90-5 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 2.0E-03 1.5E-01 3.6E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Antimony 7440-36-0 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 4.2E-03 5.1E-01 1.2E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Arsenic 7440-38-2 1.00E-03 8.3E-08 2.0E-09 8.1E-09 NE 3.3E-03 2.8E-01 6.6E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.5E+00 1.5E+00 4.3E-03 8.0E-01 8.2E+00 NE 7.3E-01 Barium 7440-39-3 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 4.5E-03 6.2E-01 1.5E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Beryllium 7440-41-7 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 1.2E-03 1.2E-01 2.8E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 2.4E-03 NC NC NE Boron 7440.42-8 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 1.4E-03 1.3E-01 3.0E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Cadmium 7440-43-9 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 4.1E-03 4.5E-01 1.1E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.8E-03 NC NC NE Calcium 7440-70-2 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Chmmium,Total 7440-47-3 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 2.8E-03 2.1E-01 4.9E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Chromium III 16065-83-1 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 2.8E-03 2.1E-01 4.9E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Cobalt 7440-48-4 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 1.2E-03 2.2E-01 5.4E-01 4.0E-04 1 Y 9.0E-03 NC NC NE Copper 7440-50-8 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 3.1E-03 2.4E-01 5.7E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Iron 7439-89-6 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 2.9E-03 2.2E-01 5.2E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Lead 7439-92-1 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 5.5E-04 1.5E+00 3.7E+00 1.0E-04 1 Y NC NC NE Magnesium 7439-95-4 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Manganese 7439-96-5 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 2.9E-03 2.1E-01 5.1E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Mercury 7439-97-6 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 5.4E-03 1.4E+00 3.4E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Molybdenum 7439-98-7 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 3.8E-03 3.6E-01 8.7E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Nickel 7440-02-0 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 5.9E-04 2.2E-01 5.4E-01 2.0E-04 1 Y 2.4E-04 NC NC NE Potassium 7440-09-7 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 2.0E-04 1 Y NC NC NE Selenium 7782-49-2 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 3.4E-03 2.9E-01 7.0E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Sodium 7440.23-5 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 6.0E-04 1 Y NC NC NE Strontium 7440-24-6 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 3.6E-03 3.3E-01 7.8E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Thallium 7440.28-0 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 5.5E-03 1.5E+00 3.5E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Titanium 7440-32-6 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Vanadium 7440-62-2 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 2.7E-03 2.0E-01 4.9E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Zinc 7440-66-6 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 1.9E-03 2.4E-01 5.9E-01 6.0E-04 1 Y NC NC NE Nitrate 14797-55-8 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 3.0E-03 2.3E-01 5.6E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NC NC NE Sulfide 18496-25-8 1.00E-03 NC NC NC NE 4.0E-04 1 Y NC NC NE 1/8/2016 Page 2 of 4 Attachment L - Table 4-12 Risk Based Concentrations - Non -cancer -Based Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface Water Off -Site Recreational Wader - CHILD (AGE <6) Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Dermal Contact Yes Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1E+00 - chemical of Dotenital concern COPC CASRN EPC (mg/L) Intake;ngsaan (mglkglday) D Aeren� (mglkglday) DADae,m,; (mglkglday) EC,e„ (mglm') B (unitless) t (hrlevent) t• (hr) K P (cmlhr) FA (unitless) In EPD. (YIN) RfD,,,� (mglkglday) RfDae,me; (mglkglday) RfC (mglm') RBC;nge,a,n (mglL) RBCa.,mm (mglL) RBC,' (mglL) RB Cnowi Aluminum 7429-90-5 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 2.0E-09 2.9E-08 NE 2.0E-03 1.5E-01 3.6E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.0E+00 1.0E+00 5.0E-03 1.2E+03 3.4E+04 NE 1.2E+03 Antimony 7440-36-0 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 2.0E-09 2.9E-08 NE 4.2E-03 5.1E-01 1.2E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y 4.0E-04 6.0E-05 4.9E-01 2.1E+00 NE 3.9E-01 Arsenic 7440-36-2 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 2.0E-09 2.9E-08 NE 3.3E-03 2.8E-01 6.6E-01 1.0E-03 0.6 Y 3.0E-04 3.0E-04 1.5E-05 3.7E-01 1.0E+01 NE 3.5E-01 Barium 7440-39-3 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 2.0E-09 2.9E-OS NE 4.5E-03 6.2E-01 1.5E+00 1.0E-03 1 V 2.0E-01 1.4E-02 5.0E-04 2.4E+02 4.8E+02 NE 1.6E+02 Beryllium 7440-41-7 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 2.0E-09 2.9E-OB NE 1.2E-03 1.2E-01 2.8E-01 1.0E-03 1 V 2.0E-03 1.4E-OS 2.0E-05 2.4E+00 4.8E-01 NE 4.0E-01 Boron 7440-42-8 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 2.0E-09 2.9E-08 NE 1.4E-03 1.3E-01 3.0E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 2.0E-01 2.0E-01 2.0E-02 2.4E+02 6.9E+03 NE 2.4E+02 Cadmium 7440-43-9 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 2.0E-09 2.9E-08 NE 4.1E-03 4.5E-01 1.1E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.0E-03 2.5E-05 2.0E-05 1.2E+00 8.6E-01 NE 5.0E-01 Calcium 7440-70-2 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 2.0E-09 2.9E-08 NE 1.0E-03 1 Y NN NN NE Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 2.0E-09 2.9E-08 NE 2.8E-03 2.1E-01 4.9E-01 1.0E-03 1 V 1.5E+00 2.0E-02 1.8E+03 6.7E+02 NE 4.9E+02 Chromium III 16065-83-1 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 2.0E-09 2.9E-08 NE 2.8E-03 2.1E-01 4.9E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.5E+00 2.0E-02 1.8E+03 6.7E+02 NE 4.9E+02 Cobalt 7440-48-4 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 8.0E-10 1.2E-08 NE 1.2E-03 2.2E-01 5.4E-01 4.0E-04 1 V 3.0E-04 3.0E-04 6.0E-06 3.7E-01 2.6E+01 NE 3.6E-01 Copper 7440-50-8 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 2.0E-09 2.9E-08 NE 3.1E-03 2.4E-01 5.7E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 4.0E-02 4.0E-02 4.9E+01 1.4E+03 NE 4.7E+01 Iron 7439-89-6 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 2.0E-09 2.9E-08 NE 2.9E-03 2.2E-01 5.2E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 7.0E-01 7.0E-01 8.5E+02 2.4E+04 NE 8.2E+02 Lead 7439-92-1 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 2.0E-10 2.9E-09 NE 5.5E-04 1.5E+00 3.7E+00 1.0E-04 1 Y NN NN NE Magnesium 7439-95-4 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 2.0E-09 2.9E-08 NE 1.0E-03 1 V NN NN NE Manganese 7439-96-5 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 2.0E-09 2.9E-08 NE 2.9E-03 2.1E-01 5.1E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.4E-01 5.6E-03 5.0E-05 1.7E+02 1.9E+02 NE 9.0E+01 Mercury 7439-97-6 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 2.0E-09 2.9E-08 NE 5.4E-03 1.4E+00 3.4E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y 3.0E-04 2.1E-05 3.0E-04 3.7E-01 7.2E-01 NE 2.4E-01 Molybdenum 7439-98-7 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 2.0E-09 2.9E-08 NE 3.8E-03 3.6E-01 8.7E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 5.0E-03 5.0E-03 6.1E+00 1.7E+02 NE 5.9E+00 Nickel 7440-02-0 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 4.0E-10 5.8E-09 NE 5.9E-04 2.2E-01 5.4E-01 2.0E-04 1 V 2.0E-02 8.0E-04 9.0E-05 2.4E+01 1.4E+02 NE 2.1E+01 Potassium 7440-09-7 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 4.0E-10 5.8E-09 NE 2.0E-04 1 Y NN NN NE Selenium 7782-49-2 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 2.0E-09 2.9E-08 NE 3.4E-03 2.9E-01 7.0E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 5.0E-03 5.0E-03 2.0E-02 6.1E+00 1.7E+02 NE 5.9E+00 Sodium 7440-23-5 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 1.2E-09 1.7E-08 NE 6.0E-04 1 Y NN NN NE Strontium 7440-24-6 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 2.0E-09 2.9E-08 NE 3.6E-03 3.3E-01 7.8E-01 1.0E-03 1 V 6.0E-01 6.0E-01 7.3E+02 2.1E+04 NE 7.1E+02 Thallium 7440-28-0 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 2.0E-09 2.9E-08 NE 5.5E-03 1.5E+00 3.5E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y NN NN NE Titanium 7440-32-6 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 2.0E-09 2.9E-08 NE 1.0E-03 1 Y NN NN NE Vanadium 7440-62-2 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 2.0E-09 2.9E-08 NE 2.7E-03 2.0E-01 4.9E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 5.0E-03 1.3E-04 1.0E-04 6.1E+00 4.5E+00 NE 2.6E+00 Zinc 7440-66-6 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 1.2E-09 1.7E-08 NE 1.9E-03 2.4E-01 5.9E-01 6.0E-04 1 Y 3.0E-01 3.0E-01 3.7E+02 1.7E+04 NE 3.6E+02 Nitrate 14797-SS8 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 2.0E-09 2.9E-OB NE 3.0E-03 2.3E-01 5.6E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.6E+00 1.6E+00 1.9E+03 5.5E+04 NE 1.9E+03 Sulfide 18496-258 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 7.9E-10 1.2E-08 NE 4.0E-04 1 Y NN NN NE 1/8/2016 Page 3 of 4 achment L - Table 4-12 ;k Based Concentration Summary rivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface Water `-Site Recreational Wader - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT n Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Dermal Contact Yes Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04 COPC - chemical of potenital concern nc - risk based concentration based on non -cancer hazard index c - risk based concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicitv value available, risk based concentration not calculated COPC CASRN Risk Based Concentration Non -Cancer (mg/L) Cancer I (mg/L) Final I (mg/L) Basis Aluminum 142U-9U-b 1.2E+u3 1.2E+U3 nc Antimony 7440-36-0 3.9E-01 3.9E-01 nc Arsenic 7440-38-2 3.5E-01 7.3E-01 3.5E-01 nc Barium 7440-39-3 1.6E+02 1.6E+02 nc Beryllium 7440-41-7 4.0E-01 4.0E-01 nc Boron 7440-42-8 2.4E+02 2.4E+02 nc Cadmium 7440-43-9 5.0E-01 5.0E-01 nc Calcium 7440-70-2 NA Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 4.9E+02 4.9E+02 nc Chromium III 16065-83-1 4.9E+02 4.9E+02 nc Cobalt 7440-48-4 3.6E-01 3.6E-01 nc Copper 7440-50-8 4.7E+01 4.7E+01 nc Iron 7439-89-6 8.2E+02 8.2E+02 nc Lead 7439-92-1 NA Magnesium 7439-95-4 NA Manganese 7439-96-5 9.0E+01 9.0E+01 nc Mercury 7439-97-6 2.4E-01 2.4E-01 nc Molybdenum 7439-98-7 5.9E+00 5.9E+00 nc Nickel 7440-02-0 2.1E+01 2.1 E+01 nc Potassium 7440-09-7 NA Selenium 7782-49-2 5.9E+00 5.9E+00 nc Sodium 7440-23-5 NA Strontium 7440-24-6 7.1 E+02 7.1 E+02 nc Thallium 7440-28-0 NA Titanium 7440-32-6 NA Vanadium 7440-62-2 2.6E+00 2.6E+00 nc Zinc 7440-66-6 3.6E+02 3.6E+02 nc Nitrate 14797-55-8 1.9E+03 1.9E+03 nc Sulfide 18496-25-8 NA 1 /8/2016 Page 4 of 4 Table 4-12 Risk Based Concentration Calculations Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy Total Risk Based Concentration 1 RBCtot,;= [(1/RBCmg„rnn)+(1/RBCdem,i)+(1/RBC,.,p)] Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion TR RBC;ng,,ti. = Intake;ng * CSF [EPC]w,t,r * IFWadj * FI Intake;ng(,g,group,)= BW*ATliwime Cancer -Risk Based Concentration from Dermal Absorption TR RBCdern,a; = DADd,,,,, *CSF DAE„nt * DFWadj DADd.. (agog—p.) _ ATiiretima DAE*ant = [EPC]„„ ter * PCevent Organic Compounds: PCeventTeventIX* _ 2 * FA * Cz F6.7. ,aTevent Kp Tevent 1 + 3B + 3B' PCeventTevent—t* = FA * C2 * 1 + B + 2 * T * 1 + B ' Inorganics Compounds: PCevent = Kp • Tevent C2 Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation RBC;nh,i,tim = TR EC_ *IUR [EPC]VAPOR * ETvw * EF * ED * C1 ECu,n _ (a .,—p=) - 24 * ATiiwim, Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion RBCmge3non = THI Intake;ng / RfD Intake;ng = [EPC]w,t,r * IR * FI * EF * ED * C1 BW * AT Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption THI RBCd..d = DADd,rn, / RfD DADd ,m, = DAE„snt * SA * EV * EF * ED (age 9rwp=1 BW*AT DAE*ant = [EPC]„„ ter * PCevent Organic Compounds: PCeventTevent<t* _ 2 * FA * C2 . 6 * T *R event Kp Tevent 1 + 3B + 3B' PCeventTevent>=t* = FA * C2 * 1 + B + 2 * T * 1 + B ) C Inorganics Compounds: PCevent = Kp * Tevent C2 Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation THI RBCinh,i,tion = EC, / RfC ECnn = [EPCI—OR * ETv,p * EF * ED * C1 24 * AT Parameter Value - Cancer Value - Non -Cancer Units CSF Chemical specific -- (mg/kg-day)-' IUR Chemical specific -- (ug/mp)-' Intake Age/chemical specific -- mg/kg-day ECnn Age/chemical specific -- (ugW) ELCR Age/chemical specific -- undless RfD -- Chemical specific mg/kg-day RfC -- Chemical specific (mg/m3) DAD Age/chemical specific Age/chemical specific mg/kg-day DA_., Age/chemical specific Age/chemical speck mg/cm 3-event ECnn -- Age/chemical specific mg/m3 HQ -- Age/chemical speck undless [EPCj_., Chemical specific Chemical specific mg/L PCevent Chemical specific Chemical specific L/cm`-event [EPCj._ - NOT USED— —NOT USED ug/m3 BW NA 15 kg EF 45 45 day/year ED 26 6 year AT -- 2190 day ATfrfetime 25550 -- day IFWadj 2 -- L/kg IR NA 0.1 L/day FI 1 1 undless SA NA 1770 cm2 Tevent 2.00 2 hr/event EV 1 1 event/day DFWadj 103497 NA events-cm2/kg C1 0.001 0.001 mg/ug ETVap 2 2 hr/day C2 1000 1000 cm'/L 1/8/2016 Page 1 of 4 Attachment L - Table 4-12 Risk Based Concentrations - Cancer -Based Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface water OffSite Recreational Wader - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT EXDgsnre Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Dermal Contact Yes Duke Energy Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1E-04 INC - not carcinogenic by this exposure route NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration CSF - cancer slope factor RBC - risk based concentration NTV- re, toxicity value available DAD- dermally absorbed dose ASS- absorption factor UR- cancer .,it risk COPC- chemical of potential concern EPD- effective permeability domain Intake Calculations Tapwater Dermal Parameters Cancer Toxicity Values COPC CASRN EPC Intake�pp..nop DA_. DADd.rm.i EC_.; B t* Kp FA In EPD? Mutagenic CSFp„ i CSFd,rmai IUR RBCipe..nop RBCd..m.i RBC..por RBCrota fang (mg/kg/day) (mg/kg/day) (mg/kg/day) (ug/m') (unitless) (hr/event) (hr) (cm/hr) (unitless) (YIN) MOA? (mg/kg/day)-' (mg/kg/day , (ug/m')-' (m /L m /L m /L m /L g) Ig) (gl Ig) Chromium VI (her —lent) 18540-29.9 1.00E-03 4.0E-07 4.0E-09 5.0E-08 NE 5.5E-03 2.1E-01 4.9E-01 2.0E-03 1 Y Y 5.0E-01 2.0E+01 8.4E-02 4.9E-01 1.0E-01 NE 8.3E-02 1/8/2016 Page 2 of 4 Attachment L - Table 4-12 Risk Based Concentrations - Non -cancer -Based Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface water Off -Site Recreational Wader - CHILD (AGE 0- 2) Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Dermal Contact Yes Duke Energy Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration RfD - reference dose RBC - risk based concentration COPC - chemical of potential concern NTV - no toxicity value available DAD - dermally absorbed dose ABS - absorption factor RfC - reference concentration EPD - effective permeability domain Intake Calculations Tapwater Dermal Parameters Non -Cancer Toxicity Values COPC CASRN EPC Intakeins„s„ DA„„nr DADd,,,,,,i EC�,n„ B c t* KIP FA In EPD? RfDo„i RfDd,m„ i RfC RBCj_g n RBC,_a n RBCda.mai RBCmvi (mglL) (mg/kglday) (mglkg/day) (mg/kg (mglm') (unitless) (hr/event) (hr) (cmlhr) (unitless) (YIN) (mg/kglday) (mg/kglday) (mglm') (Mg/ (mg/L) (mglL) Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 1.00E-03 8.2E-07 4.0E-09 5.8E-08 NE 5.5E-03 2.1E-01 4.9E-01 2.0E-03 1 Y 3.0E-03 7.5E-05 1.0E-04 3.7E+00 1.3E+00 NE 9.5E-01 1/8/2016 Page 3 of 4 achment L - Table 4-12 ;k Based Concentration Summary rivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface water -Site Recreational Wader - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT n Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Dermal Contact Yes Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04 COPC - chemical of potenital concern nc - risk based concentration based on non -cancer hazard index c - risk based concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicity value available; remedial not calculated COPC CASRN Risk Based Concentration I Non -Cancer (mg/L) Cancer (mg/L) Final (mg/L) Basis Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 9.5E-01 8.3E-02 8.3E-02 c 1 /8/2016 Page 4 of 4 Attachment L - Table 4-12 Risk Based Concentration Calculations Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy Total Risk Based Concentration 1 RBCt,a;= [(1/RBC;age*rnn)+(1/RBCdam,1l)+(1/RBC,.ap)] Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion TR RBCmgaatlm = Intake;ng *CSF [EPC]wa,ar * IFWM * FI Intake;ng (ago gm„ p,) = BW * AT; I felime Cancer -Risk Based Concentration from Dermal Absorption TR RBCdarmal = DAD,am * CSF DAEoent * DFWM DADde. (age group.) ATllfallme DAE*ant = [EPC]„,atar * PCevent Organic Compounds: PCeventTeventIX* _ 2 * FA * Cz F6.7. ,aTevent Kp Tevent 1 + 3B + 3B' PCeventTevent—t* = FA * C2 * 1 + B + 2 * T * 1 + B ' Inorganics Compounds: PCevent = Kp * Tevent C2 Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation TR RBC;nhalatlm = ECnaa *IUR [EPC]VAPOR * INMH * C1 ECaan _ (agegrwp=) - * 24 ATIIfellme Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion RBCmgomon = THI Intake;ng / RfD Intake;ng = [EPC]walar * IR * FI * EF * ED * C1 BW * AT Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption THI RBCda,,,,y = DADdarm / RfD DAD em. = DAEoant * SA * EV * EF * ED d (age grwp=1 BW*AT DAE*ant = [EPC]„,atar * PCevent Organic Compounds: PCeventTevent<t* _ 2 * FA * C2 . 6 * T *R event Kp Tevent 1 + 3B + 3B' PCeventTevent>=t* = FA * C2 * 1 + B + 2 * T * 1 + B ) C Inorganics Compounds: PCevent = Kp * Tevent C2 Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation THI RBC;nhalatlm = EC, / RfC ECnn = [EPCI—OR * ETvap * EF * ED * C1 24 * AT Parameter Value - Cancer Value - Non -Cancer Units CSF Chemical specific -- (mg/kg-day)-' IUR Chemical specific -- (ug/m3)-' Intake Age/chemical specific -- mg/kg-day ECnn Age/chemical specific -- (ugW) ELCR Age/chemical specific -- undless RfD -- Chemical specific mg/kg-day RfC -- Chemical specific (mg/m3) DAD Age/chemical specific Age/chemical specific mg/kg-day DA_., Age/chemical specific Age/chemical speck mg/cm 2-event ECnn -- Age/chemical specific mg/m3 HQ -- Age/chemical speck undless [EPCI_., Chemical specific Chemical specific mg/L PCevent Chemical specific Chemical specific L/cm`-event [EPCI._ - NOT USED— —NOT USED ug/m3 BW NA 15 kg EF 45 45 day/year ED 26 2 year AT -- 730 day ATflfetime 25550 -- day IFWM 2.1 -- L/kg IR 0 0.1 L/day FI NA 1 undless SA 10 1770 cm2 Tevent 0.00 2 hr/event EV NA 1 event/day DFWM 1 — events-cm2/kg C1 0.001 0.001 mg/ug INHM 319693 NA hr/day C2 1000 1000 cm'/L 1/8/2016 Page 1 of 4 :hment M - Table 4-13 Based Concentrations - Cancer -Based ,ation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment SITE RECREATIONAL BOATER - OFF -SITE RECREATIONAL BOATER (ADULT) an Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Dermal Contact Yes Particulate Inhalation No Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04 NC - not carcinogenic by this exposure route NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration CSF - cancer slope factor RBC - risk based concentration NTV - no toxicity value available DAD - dermally absorbed dose ABS - absorption factor UR - cancer unit risk COPC - chemical of potential concern Intake Calculations Absorption Factors Cancer Toxicity Values Intake;ngaaggn (mglkglday) DAD-- (mglkglday) EC,,.,.. (ug/m') EC,,,n« (uglm') ABSABSd (unitless) limitless) CSFgrai (mglkglday)-' CSF,1. «' (mglkglday)-' IUR (uglm')-' COPC CASRN RBC;ngaadnn RBCda,mai RBCmnkm.r. RBC„pg, RBCrorai Aluminum 7429-90-5 INC NC NE NE NC NC INC NC NE NE Antimony 7440-36-0 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Arsenic 7440-38-2 6.6E-10 3.8E-09 NE NE 0.6 0.03 1.5E+00 1.5E+00 4.3E-03 1.0E+05 1.7E+04 NE NE 1.5E+04 Barium 7440-39-3 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Beryllium 7440-41-7 NC NC NE NE NC NC 2.4E-03 NC NC NE NE Boron 7440-42-8 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Cadmium 7440-43-9 NC NC NE NE INC NC 1.8E-03 NC NC NE NE Calcium 7440-70-2 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 NC NC NE NE NC NC INC NC NE NE Chromium III 16065-83-1 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Cobalt 7440-48-4 NC NC NE NE NC NC 9.0E-03 NC NC NE NE Copper 7440-50-8 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Iron 7439-89-6 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Lead 7439-92-1 NC NC NE NE 1 NC NC NE NE Magnesium 7439-95-4 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Manganese 7439-96-5 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Mercury 7439-97-6 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Molybdenum 7439-98-7 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Nickel 7440-02-0 NC NC NE NE NC NC 2.4E-04 NC NC NE NE Potassium 7440-09-7 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Selenium 7782-49-2 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Sodium 7440-23-5 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Strontium 7440-24-6 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Thallium 7440-28-0 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Titanium 7440-32-6 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Vanadium 7440-62-2 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Zinc 7440-66-6 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Nitrate 14797-55-8 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Sulfide 18496-25-8 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 1.1E-09 NE NE 1 5.0E-01 2.0E+01 8.4E-02 1.8E+05 NE NE 1.8E+05 1/6/2016 Page 2 of 4 Attachment M - Table 4-13 Risk Based Concentrations - Non -cancer -Based Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment OFFSITE RECREATIONAL BOATER - OFF -SITE RECREATIONAL BOATER (ADULT) Exposure Routes Evaluated Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Incidental Ingestion Yes Duke Energy Dermal Contact Yes Particulate Inhalation No Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 NV -not volatile EC - exposure concentration RfD - reference dose RBC - risk based concentration COPC - chemical of potential concern NTV - no toxicity value available DAD - dermally absorbed dose ABS - absorption factor RfC - reference concentration Intake Calculations Absorption Factors Non -Cancer Toxicity Values COPC CASRN I Intakeln-time I DADd,rmal EC„m,m,k EC-P. ABSING ABSa RfD,r,i RfDd,rm,i RfC RBC;noe n RBCde--I RBC.,e..,„ RBC,,,,,,, RBCto„I (mg/kg/day) (mg/kg/day) (mglm3) (mg/m3) (unitless) (unitless) (mg/kglday) (mglkg/day) (mg/m3) Aluminum 7429-90-5 7.7E-09 NE Antimony 7440-36-0 7.7E-09 NE Arsenic 7440-38-2 4.6E-09 2.7E-08 NE Barium 7440-39-3 7.7E-09 NE Beryllium 7440-41-7 7.7E-09 NE Boron 7440-42-8 7.7E-09 NE Cadmium 7440-43-9 7.7E-09 8.9E-10 NE Calcium 7440-70-2 7.7E-09 NE Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 7.7E-09 NE Chromium III 16065-83-1 7.7E-09 NE Cobalt 7440-48-4 7.7E-09 NE Copper 7440-50-8 7.7E-09 NE Iron 7439-89-6 7.7E-09 NE Lead 7439-92-1 7.7E-09 NE Magnesium 7439-95-4 7.7E-09 NE Manganese 7439-96-5 7.7E-09 NE Mercury 7439-97-6 7.7E-09 NE Molybdenum 7439-98-7 7.7E-09 NE Nickel 7440-02-0 7.7E-09 NE Potassium 7440-09-7 7.7E-09 NE Selenium 7782-49-2 7.7E-09 NE Sodium 7440-23-5 7.7E-09 NE Strontium 7440-24-6 7.7E-09 NE Thallium 7440-28-0 7.7E-09 NE Titanium 7440-32-6 7.7E-09 NE Vanadium 7440-62-2 7.7E-09 NE Zinc 7440-66-6 7.7E-09 NE Nitrate 14797-55-8 7.7E-09 NE Sulfide 18496-25-8 7.7E-09 NE Chromium VI(hexavalent) 18540-29-9 7.7E-09 NE 1 1.0E+00 1.0E+00 5.0E-03 1.3E+08 N 1 4.0E-04 6.0E-05 5.2E+04 N 0.6 0.03 3.0E-04 3.0E-04 1.5E-05 6.5E+04 1.1E+04 N 1 2.0E-01 1.4E-02 5.0E-04 2.6E+07 N 1 2.0E-03 1.4E-05 2.0E-05 2.6E+05 N 1 2.0E-01 2.0E-01 2.0E-02 2.6E+07 N 1 0.001 1.0E-03 2.5E-05 2.0E-05 1.3E+05 2.8E+04 N 1 NTV NTV N 1 1.5E+00 2.0E-02 1.9E+08 N 1 1.5E+00 2.0E-02 1.9E+08 N 1 3.0E-04 3.0E-04 6.0E-06 3.9E+04 N 1 4.0E-02 4.0E-02 5.2E+06 N 1 7.0E-01 7.0E-01 9.1 E+07 N 1 NTV NTV N 1 NTV NTV N 1 1.4E-01 5.6E-03 5.0E-05 1.8E+07 N 1 3.0E-04 2.1E-05 3.0E-04 3.9E+04 N 1 5.0E-03 5.0E-03 6.5E+05 N 1 2.0E-02 8.0E-04 9.0E-05 2.6E+06 N 1 NTV NTV N 1 5.0E-03 5.0E-03 2.0E-02 6.5E+05 N 1 NTV NTV N 1 6.0E-01 6.0E-01 7.8E+07 N 1 1.0E-05 1.0E-05 1.3E+03 N 1 NTV NTV N 1 5.0E-03 1.3E-04 1.0E-04 6.5E+05 N 1 3.0E-01 3.0E-01 3.9E+07 N 1 1.6E+00 1.6E+00 2.1E+08 N 1 NTV NTV N 1 3.0E-03 7.5E-05 1.0E-04 3.9E+05 N 1.3E+08 5.2E+04 9.6E+03 2.6E+07 2.6E+05 2.6E+07 2.3E+04 1.9E+08 1.9E+08 3.9E+04 5.2E+06 9.1 E+07 1.8E+07 3.9E+04 6.5E+05 2.6E+06 6.5E+05 7.8E+07 1.3E+03 6.5E+05 3.9E+07 2.1 E+08 3.9E+05 1/6/2016 Page 3 of 4 Risk Based Concentration Summary Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment OFF -SITE RECREATIONAL BOATER - OFF -SITE RECREATIONAL BOATER (ADULT) Exposure Routes Evaluated Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Incidental Ingestion Yes Duke Energy Dermal Contact Yes Particulate Inhalation No Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04 COPC - chemical of potential concern nc - risk based concentration based on non -cancer hazard index c - risk based concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicity value available; risk based concentration not calculated COPC CASRN Risk Based Concentration I Non -Cancer (mg/kg) I Cancer (mg/kg) Final (mg/kg) Basis Aluminum /42U-W-b I..SL+Ub l.3L+uo nc Antimony 7440-36-0 5.2E+04 5.2E+04 nc Arsenic 7440-38-2 9.6E+03 1.5E+04 9.6E+03 nc Barium 7440-39-3 2.6E+07 2.6E+07 nc Beryllium 7440-41-7 2.6E+05 2.6E+05 nc Boron 7440-42-8 2.6E+07 2.6E+07 nc Cadmium 7440-43-9 2.3E+04 2.3E+04 nc Calcium 7440-70-2 NA Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 1.9E+08 1.9E+08 nc Chromium III 16065-83-1 1.9E+08 1.9E+08 nc Cobalt 7440-48-4 3.9E+04 3.9E+04 nc Copper 7440-50-8 5.2E+06 5.2E+06 nc Iron 7439-89-6 9.1E+07 9.1E+07 nc Lead 7439-92-1 NA Magnesium 7439-95-4 NA Manganese 7439-96-5 1.8E+07 1.8E+07 nc Mercury 7439-97-6 3.9E+04 3.9E+04 nc Molybdenum 7439-98-7 6.5E+05 6.5E+05 nc Nickel 7440-02-0 2.6E+06 2.6E+06 nc Potassium 7440-09-7 NA Selenium 7782-49-2 6.5E+05 6.5E+05 nc Sodium 7440-23-5 NA Strontium 7440-24-6 7.8E+07 7.8E+07 nc Thallium 7440-28-0 1.3E+03 1.3E+03 nc Titanium 7440-32-6 NA Vanadium 7440-62-2 6.5E+05 6.5E+05 nc Zinc 7440-66-6 3.9E+07 3.9E+07 nc Nitrate 14797-55-8 2.1 E+08 2.1 E+08 nc Sulfide 18496-25-8 NA 1 /6/2016 Page 4 of 4 Attachment M - Table 4-13 Risk Based Concentration Calculations Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy Total Risk Based Concentration RBC, r ; = 1 [(1/RBC„g.s,.,) + (1/RBCde .1) + (1/RBCp,N) + (1/RBC ,p)] Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion RBC,ng,si; = TR / Intake,,,* CSF [EPCI-1 * IR * ABSiNc * FI * EF * ED * C1 I ntakein9 (.p g..P X)= B W x ` ATereume Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption RBCde, A = TR / DAD * CSF DAD e,n a e - DAE... t * SA * EV * EF * ED d (e grnoP x)— BW„ * AT rre,me DAEenr = [EPC]s j, * ABSd * AF * C1 Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion RBC,nge i,n= THI Intake;,, / RfD Intaken, = [EPC]sn;i * IR * ABS,n9 * FI * EF * ED * C1 BW*AT Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption RBCd,,,,,l= THI DAD / RfD DADde = DAI-nr * SA * EV * EF * ED BW*AT DAE t = [EPC]s 1, * ABSd * AF * C1 Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation RBC;nh,l,t,,,= TR / ECG IUR [EPC]PART * ETp.,, * EF * ED --- OR--- [EPC]VAPOR * ETv,p * EF * ED EC- lase e,ow x)= 24 * ATrreume Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation THI RBC;nha;adnn= EC,� / RfC EC,, = [EPC]PART * ETp.,i * EF * ED * C2 --- OR--- [EPC]yAPOR * ETvap * EF * ED * C2 24*AT Parameter Value - Cancer Value - Non -Cancer Units CSF Chemical specific (mg/kg-day)-' IUR Chemical specific -- (ug/m3)-' Intake Age/chemical specific mg/kg-day ECG Age/chemical specific (ug/m') ELCR Age/chemical specific unitless MID -- Chemical specific mg/kg-day RfC Chemical specific (mg/m3) DAD Age/chemical specific Age/chemical specific mg/kg-day DAE—t Age/chemical specific Age/chemical specific mg/cm2-event EC- Age/chemical specific mg/m3 HQ Age/chemical specific unitless [EPC].,, Chemical specific Chemical specific mg/kg [EPC]PART Attachment M - TABLE Attachment M - TABLE ug/m' [EPC]vAPOR Attachment M - TABLE Attachment M - TABLE ug/m3 ABS;,, Chemical specific Chemical specific unitless ABSd Chemical specific Chemical specific unitless BW 80 80 kg EF 45 45 day/year ED 10 10 year AT -- 3650 day ATlifetime 25550 -- day IR 5 5 mg/day FI 1 1 unitless C1 0.000001 0.000001 kg/mg SA 5790 5790 cm2 AF 0.1 0.1 mg/cm2 EV 1 1 event/day ETPart 4 4 hours/day C2 0.001 0.001 mg/ug ETVap 8 8 hours/day 1 /6/2016 Page 1 of 4 Attachment N - Table 4-14 Risk Based Concentrations - Cancer -Based Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface Water OFF -SITE RECREATIONAL BOATER - RECREATIONAL BOATER (ADULT) Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion No Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Dermal Contact Yes Duke Energy Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-0� NC - not carcinogenic by this exposure route NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration CSF - cancer slope factor RBC -risk based concentration NTV - no toxicity value available DAD - dermally absorbed dose ABS - absorption factor UR - cancer unit risk COPC - chemical of potenital concern Intake Calculations Tapwater Dermal Parameters Cancer ToxicityValues COPC CASRN EPC Fn1akein DA.a DADd.pp., EC„p„BtKpAIn EPD? CSF,r,i CSFd,,,p,i IUR RBCins„n.n RBCd.nna RBC,,,p,r RBC,_, (mg/L)g/kglday) (mglkg/day) (mg/kglday) (ug/m') (unitless) (hrlevent) (hr) (cmlhr) (unitless) (YIN) (mglkglday)'' (mglkglday)'' (uglms)'' (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) Aluminum 7429-90-5 1.00E-03 NE INC INC NE 2.0E-03 1.5E-01 3.6E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NE -- NE Antimony 7440-36-0 1.00E-03 NE NC NC NE 4.2E-03 5.1E-01 1.2E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y NE -- NE Arsenic 7440-38-2 1.00E-03 NE 2.0E-09 2.5E-09 NE 3.3E-03 2.8E-01 6.6E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.5E+00 1.5E+00 4.3E-03 NE 2.6E+01 NE 2.6E+01 Barium 7440-39-3 1.00E-03 NE INC NC NE 4.5E-03 6.2E-01 1.5E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y NE -- NE Beryllium 7440-41-7 1.00E-03 NE NC INC NE 1.2E-03 1.2E-01 2.8E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 2.4E-03 NE -- NE Boron 7440-42-8 1.00E-03 NE NC NC NE 1.4E-03 1.3E-01 3.0E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NE -- NE Cadmium 7440-43-9 1.00E-03 NE INC INC NE 4.1E-03 4.5E-01 1.1E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.8E-03 NE -- NE Calcium 7440-70-2 1.00E-03 NE INC NC NE 1.0E-03 1 Y NE - NE Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 1.00E-03 NE NC INC NE 2.8E-03 2.1E-01 4.9E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NE - NE Chromium III 16065-83-1 1.00E-03 NE NC NC NE 2.8E-03 2.1E-01 4.9E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NE -- NE Cobalt 7440-48-0 1.00E-03 NE NC INC NE 1.2E-03 2.2E-01 5.4E-01 4.0E-04 1 Y 9.0E-03 NE -- NE Copper 7440-50-8 1.00E-03 NE INC NC NE 3.1E-03 2.4E-01 5.7E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NE -- NE Iron 7439-89-6 1.00E-03 NE INC INC NE 2.9E-03 2.2E-01 5.2E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NE -- NE Lead 7439-92-1 1.00E-03 NE INC NC NE 5.5E-04 1.5E+00 3.7E+00 1.0E-04 1 Y NE -- NE Magnesium 7439-95-4 1.00E-03 NE NC NC NE 1.0E-03 1 Y NE -- NE Manganese 7439-96-5 1.00E-03 NE INC NC NE 2.9E-03 2.1E-01 5.1E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NE -- NE Mercury 7439-97-6 1.00E-03 NE INC NC NE 5.4E-03 1.4E+00 3.4E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y NE -- NE Molybdenum 7439-98-7 1.00E-03 NE INC NC NE 3.8E-03 3.6E-01 8.7E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NE -- NE Nickel 7440-02-0 1.00E-03 NE INC NC NE 5.9E-04 2.2E-01 5.4E-01 2.0E-04 1 Y 2.4E-04 NE -- NE Potassium 7440-09-7 1.00E-03 NE INC NC NE 2.0E-04 1 Y NE - NE Selenium 7782-49-2 1.00E-03 NE INC INC NE 3.4E-03 2.9E-01 7.0E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NE - NE Sodium 7440-23-5 1.00E-03 NE INC NC NE 6.0E-04 1 Y NE - NE Strontium 7440-24-6 1.00E-03 NE NC NC NE 3.6E-03 3.3E-01 7.8E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NE -- NE Thallium 7440-28-0 1.00E-03 NE NC NC NE 5.5E-03 1.5E+00 3.5E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y NE -- NE Titanium 7440-32-6 1.00E-03 NE NC NC NE 1.0E-03 1 Y NE -- NE Vanadium 7440-62-2 1.00E-03 NE INC NC NE 2.7E-03 2.0E-01 4.9E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NE -- NE Zinc 7440-66-6 1.00E-03 NE NC INC NE 1.9E-03 2.4E-01 5.9E-01 6.0E-04 1 Y NE -- NE Nitrate 14797-55-8 1.00E-03 NE INC NC NE 3.0E-03 2.3E-01 5.6E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NE -- NE Sulfde 18496-25-8 1.00E-03 NE INC NC NE 4.0E-04 1 Y NE -- NE Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 1.00E-03 NE 4.0E-09 5.1E-09 NE 5.5E-03 2.1E-01 4.9E-01 2.0E-03 1 Y 5.0E-01 2.0E+01 8.4E-02 NE 9.8E-01 NE 9.8E-01 1/8/2016 Page 2 of 4 Attachment N - Table 4-14 Risk Based Concentrations - Non -cancer -Based Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface Water OFF -SITE RECREATIONAL BOATER - RECREATIONAL BOATER (ADULT) Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion No Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Dermal Contact Yes Duke Energy Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration RfD - reference dose RBC -risk based concentration COPC - chemical of potenital concern NN- no tmdcity value available DAD - dermally absorbed dose ASS - absorption factor RfC - reference concentration Intake Calculations Tapwater Dermal Parameters Non -Cancer Toxicity Values COPC CASRN EPC rtakeingesgn D&-nr DADd,,,,,i EC�,gg, B c t+ Kp FA In EPD? RfD,rai RfDd,m,ai RfC RBCingeemn RBCdermei RBC�,or RBC(mg/L) glkg/day) (mgift/day) (mg/kglday) (mg/m') (unitless) (hrlevent) (hr) (cMhr) (unitless) (YIN) (mg/kg/day) (mglkg/day) (mglm') (mglL) (mglL) (mg/L) Aluminum 7429-90-5 1.00E-03 NE 2.0E-09 1.8E-08 NE 2.0E-03 1.5E-01 3.6E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.0E+00 1.0E+00 5.0E-03 NE 5.6E+04 NE 5.6E+04 Antimony 7440-36-0 1.00E-03 NE 2.0E-09 1.8E-08 NE 4.2E-03 5.1E-01 1.2E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y 4.0E-04 6.0E-05 NE 3.4E+00 NE 3.4E+00 Arsenic 7440-38-2 1.00E-03 NE 2.0E-09 1.8E-08 NE 3.3E-03 2.8E-01 6.6E-01 1.0E-03 0.6 Y 3.0E-04 3.0E-04 1.5E-05 NE 1.7E+01 NE 1.7E+01 Barium 7440-39-3 1.00E-03 NE 2.0E-09 1.8E-08 NE 4.5E-03 6.2E-01 1.5E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y 2.0E-01 1.4E-02 5.0E-04 NE 7.8E+02 NE 7.8E+02 Beryllium 7440-41-7 1.00E-03 NE 2.0E-09 1.8E-08 NE 1.2E-03 1.2E-01 2.8E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 2.0E-03 1.4E-OS 2.0E-05 NE 7.8E-01 NE 7.8E-01 Boron 7440-42-8 1.00E-03 NE 2.0E-09 1.8E-08 NE 1.4E-03 1.3E-Of 3.0E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 2.0E-01 2.0E-01 2.0E-02 NE 1.1E+04 NE 1.1E+04 Cadmium 7440-43-9 1.00E-03 NE 2.0E-09 1.8E-08 NE 4.1E-03 4.5E-01 1.1E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.0E-03 2.5E-05 2.0E-05 NE 1.4E+00 NE 1.4E+00 Calcium 7440-70-2 1.00E-03 NE 2.0E-09 1.8E-OS NE 1.0E-03 1 Y NE NN NE Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 1.00E-03 NE 2.0E-09 1.8E-08 NE 2.8E-03 2.1E-01 4.9E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.5E+00 2.0E-02 NE 1.1E+03 NE 1.1E+03 Chromium III 16065-83-1 1.00E-03 NE 2.0E-09 1.8E-OS NE 2.8E-03 2.1E-01 4.9E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.5E+00 2.0E-02 NE 1.1E+03 NE 1.1E+03 Cobalt 7440-48-4 1.00E-03 NE 8.0E-10 7.1E-09 NE 1.2E-03 2.2E-01 5.4E-01 4.0E-04 1 Y 3.0E-04 3.0E-04 6.0E-06 NE 4.2E+01 NE 4.2E+01 Copper 7440-50-8 1.00E-03 NE 2.0E-09 1.8E-08 NE 3.1E-03 2.4E-01 5.7E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 4.0E-02 4.0E-02 NE 2.2E+03 NE 2.2E+03 Iron 7439-89-6 1.00E-03 NE 2.0E-09 1.8E-08 NE 2.9E-03 2.2E-01 5.2E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 7.0E-01 7.0E-01 NE 3.9E+04 NE 3.9E+04 Lead 7439-92-1 1.00E-03 NE 2.0E-10 1.8E-09 NE 5.5E-04 1.5E+00 3.7E+00 1.0E-04 1 Y NE NN NE Magnesium 7439-95-4 1.00E-03 NE 2.0E-09 1.8E-08 NE 1.0E-03 1 Y NE NN NE Manganese 7439-96-5 1.00E-03 NE 2.0E-09 1.8E-08 NE 2.9E-03 2.1E-01 5.1E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.4E-01 5.6E-03 5.0E-05 NE 3.1E+02 NE 3.1E+02 Mercury 7439-97-6 1.00E-03 NE 2.0E-09 1.8E-08 NE 5.4E-03 1.4E+00 3.4E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y 3.0E-04 2.1E-OS 3.0E-04 NE 1.2E+00 NE 1.2E+00 Molybdenum 7439-98-7 1.00E-03 NE 2.0E-09 1.8E-OS NE 3.8E-03 3.6E-01 8.7E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 5.0E-03 5.0E-03 NE 2.8E+02 NE 2.8E+02 Nickel 7440-02-0 1.00E-03 NE 4.0E-10 3.6E-09 NE 5.9E-04 2.2E-01 5.4E-01 2.0E-04 1 Y 2.0E-02 8.0E-04 9.0E-05 NE 2.2E+02 NE 2.2E+02 Potassium 7440-09-7 1.00E-03 NE 4.0E-10 3.6E-09 NE 2.0E-04 1 Y NE NN NE Selenium 7782-49-2 1.00E-03 NE 2.0E-09 1.8E-08 NE 3.4E-03 2.9E-01 7.0E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 5.0E-03 5.0E-03 2.0E-02 NE 2.8E+02 NE 2.8E+02 Sodium 7440-23-5 1.00E-03 NE 1.2E-09 1.1E-08 NE 6.0E-04 1 Y NE NN NE Strontium 7440-24-6 1.00E-03 NE 2.0E-09 1.8E-08 NE 3.6E-03 3.3E-01 7.8E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 6.0E-01 6.0E-01 NE 3.4E+04 NE 3.4E+04 Thallium 7440-28-0 1.00E-03 NE 2.0E-09 1.8E-OS NE 5.5E-03 1.5E+00 3.5E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y NE NN NE Titanium 7440-32-6 1.00E-03 NE 2.0E-09 1.8E-08 NE 1.0E-03 1 Y NE NN NE Vanadium 7440-62-2 1.00E-03 NE 2.0E-09 1.8E-08 NE 2.7E-03 2.0E-01 4.9E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 5.0E-03 1.3E-04 1.0E-04 NE 7.3E+00 NE 7.3E+00 Zinc 7440-66-6 1.00E-03 NE 1.2E-09 1.1E-08 NE 1.9E-03 2.4E-01 5.9E-01 6.0E-04 1 Y 3.0E-01 3.0E-01 NE 2.8E+04 NE 2.8E+04 Nitrate 14797-55-8 1.00E-03 NE 2.0E-09 1.8E-OS NE 3.0E-03 2.3E-01 5.6E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.6E+00 1.6E+00 NE 9.0E+04 NE 9.0E+04 Sulfide 18496-25-8 1.00E-03 NE 7.9E-10 7.1E-09 NE 4.0E-04 1 Y NE NN NE Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 1.00E-03 NE 4.0E-09 3.6E-08 NE 5.5E-03 2.1E-01 4.9E-01 2.0E-03 1 Y 3.0E-03 7.5E-05 1.0E-04 NE 2.1E+00 NE 2.1E+00 1/8/2016 Page 3 of 4 ttachment N - Table 4-14 isk Based Concentration Summary erivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface Water FF-SITE RECREATIONAL BOATER - RECREATIONAL BOATER (ADULT) n Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion No Dermal Contact Yes Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04 COPC - chemical of potenital concern nc -risk based concentration based on non -cancer hazard index c -risk based concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicitv value available: remedial not calculated COPC CASRN Risk Based Concentration I Non -Cancer Cancer I Final Basis Aluminum M29-91J-b b.lit+U4 b.tit+U4 nc Antimony 7440-36-0 3.4E+00 3.4E+00 nc Arsenic 7440-38-2 1.7E+01 2.6E+01 1.7E+01 nc Barium 7440-39-3 7.8E+02 7.8E+02 nc Beryllium 7440-41-7 7.8E-01 7.8E-01 nc Boron 7440-42-8 1.1 E+04 1.1 E+04 nc Cadmium 7440-43-9 1.4E+00 1.4E+00 nc Calcium 7440-70-2 NA Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 1.1E+03 1.1E+03 nc Chromium III 16065-83-1 1.1E+03 1.1 E+03 nc Cobalt 7440-48-4 4.2E+01 4.2E+01 nc Copper 7440-50-8 2.2E+03 2.2E+03 nc Iron 7439-89-6 3.9E+04 3.9E+04 nc Lead 7439-92-1 NA Magnesium 7439-95-4 NA Manganese 7439-96-5 3.1 E+02 3.1 E+02 nc Mercury 7439-97-6 1.2E+00 1.2E+00 nc Molybdenum 7439-98-7 2.8E+02 2.8E+02 nc Nickel 7440-02-0 2.2E+02 2.2E+02 nc Potassium 7440-09-7 NA Selenium 7782-49-2 2.8E+02 2.8E+02 nc Sodium 7440-23-5 NA Strontium 7440-24-6 3.4E+04 3.4E+04 nc Thallium 7440-28-0 NA Titanium 7440-32-6 NA Vanadium 7440-62-2 7.3E+00 7.3E+00 nc Zinc 7440-66-6 2.8E+04 2.8E+04 nc Nitrate 14797-55-8 9.0E+04 9.0E+04 nc Sulfide 18496-25-8 NA Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 2.1E+00 9.8E-01 9.8E-01 c 1 /8/2016 Page 4 of 4 Table 4-14 Risk Based Concentration Calculations Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy Total Risk Based Concentration RBC:,,= 1 [(1/RBCmge i.)+(1/RBCderm0+(1/RBC„ap)] Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion TR RBCmge:gor = Intake;., *CSF [EPC].mt * IR * FI * EF * ED * C1 Intake;e, la,e,rouP x)= BW *AT; i retjme Cancer -Risk Based Concentration from Dermal Absorption TR RBCderm,; = DADde,,,, * CSF DADerm DAw'-„ t * SA * EV * EF * ED d (age group x)= ATrrerme DAEm t= [EPC]_, * PCevent Organic Compounds: PCevent 2 * FA. KP , 6 • r •rTevent TevenKt• _C2 4 Kp event /1+3B PCeventTevenb=t* = FA * C2 * �1 + B )+ 2 * r * I 1 +3B' + B' ) ( ) Inorganics Compounds: Tevent PCevent = C2 Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation RBC1„haut1a = TR EC_ *IUR ECcm, [EPC]VAPOR* ETVap* EF * ED * C1 (ege gmuP xI _ - 24 * AT;;ferme Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion RBC;,,geat;o„ = THI Intake;,,, / RfD Intake;, _ [EPC]water * IR * FI * EF * ED * C1 BW *AT Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption THI RBCderma; = DAD,,- / RfD DAE„e„t * DFWadj DADderm (age group x) = AT;;terme DAEm t= [EPC]_, * PCevent Organic Compounds: PCeventTevent<t• _ 2 * FA. Kp . 6 * r *rTevent Kip event 1+3B+3B' PCeventTevent =t* = FA * C2 * 1 + B -2— 1 + B Inorganics Compounds: Kp * Tevent PCevent = C2 Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation RBC;,,ha;at;o„ = THI ECn� / RfC EC„� _ [EPC]VAPOR * ETVap * EF * ED * C2 24*AT Parameter Value - Cancer Value - Non -Cancer Units CSF Chemical specific -- (mg/kg-day)" IUR Chemical specific -- (ug/m3)"' Intake Age/chemical specific -- mg/kg-day EC..„ Age/chemical specific -- (ug/m') ELCR Age/chemical specific -- unitless RfD -- Chemical specific mg/kg-day RfC -- Chemical specific (mg/m3) DAD Age/chemical specific Age/chemical specific mg/kg-day DA,t Age/chemical specific Age/chemical specific mg/cm`-event ECn� -- Age/chemical specific mg/m3 HQ -- Age/chemical specific unitless [EPCLater Chemical specific Chemical specific mg/L PCevent Chemical specific Chemical specific L/cm2-event [EPC]—r ----NOT USED--- ---NOT USED--- ug/m' BW 80 80 kg EF 45 45 day/year ED 10 10 year AT -- 3650 day ATlifetime 25550 -- day IR L/day FI unitless SA 5790 5790 cm2 Tevent 2.00 2 hr/event EV 1 1 event/day C1 0.001 0.001 mg/ug ETVap 2 2 hr/day C2 1000 1000 cm'/L 1/8/2016 Page 1 of 4 :hment O - Table 4-15 Based Concentrations - Cancer -Based ,ation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment 2EATIONAL FISHER - OFF -SITE RECREATIONAL FISHER (ADULT) an Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Dermal Contact Yes Particulate Inhalation No Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04 NC - not carcinogenic by this exposure route NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration CSF - cancer slope factor RBC - risk based concentration NTV - no toxicity value available DAD - dermally absorbed dose ABS - absorption factor UR - cancer unit risk COPC - chemical of potential concern Intake Calculations Absorption Factors Cancer Toxicity Values Intake;,,gaaua„ (mglkglday) DAD-- (mglkglday) EC,,.nk" (ug/m') ECv_ (uglm') ABSABS (unitless) d (unitless) CSFa,a, (mglkglday)-' CSFdarmai (mglkglday)-' IUR (uglm')-' COPC CASRN RBCd,gaad . RBCda,mai RBCmnkm.r. RBC„p„ RBC�o�ai Aluminum 7429-90-5 INC NC NE NE NC NC INC NC NE NE Antimony 7440-36-0 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Arsenic 7440-38-2 6.6E-10 3.8E-09 NE NE 0.6 0.03 1.5E+00 1.5E+00 4.3E-03 1.0E+05 1.7E+04 NE NE 1.5E+04 Barium 7440-39-3 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Beryllium 7440-41-7 NC INC NE NE NC NC 2.4E-03 NC NC NE NE Boron 7440-42-8 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Cadmium 7440-43-9 NC INC NE NE NC NC 1.8E-03 NC NC NE NE Calcium 7440-70-2 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 INC NC NE NE NC NC INC NC NE NE Chromium III 16065-83-1 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Cobalt 7440-48-4 NC NC NE NE NC NC 9.0E-03 NC NC NE NE Copper 7440-50-8 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Iron 7439-89-6 INC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Lead 7439-92-1 NC NC NE NE 1 NC NC NE NE Magnesium 7439-95-4 INC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Manganese 7439-96-5 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Mercury 7439-97-6 INC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Molybdenum 7439-98-7 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Nickel 7440-02-0 NC NC NE NE NC NC 2.4E-04 NC NC NE NE Potassium 7440-09-7 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Selenium 7782-49-2 NC NC NE NE NC NC INC NC NE NE Sodium 7440-23-5 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Strontium 7440-24-6 INC NC NE NE NC NC INC NC NE NE Thallium 7440-28-0 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Titanium 7440-32-6 NC NC NE NE NC NC INC NC NE NE Vanadium 7440-62-2 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Zinc 7440-66-6 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Nitrate 14797-55-8 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Sulfide 18496-25-8 NC NC NE NE NC NC NC NC NE NE Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 1.1E-09 NE NE 1 5.0E-01 2.0E+01 8.4E-02 1.8E+05 NE NE 1.8E+05 1/6/2016 Page 2 of 4 Attachment O - Table 4-15 Risk Based Concentrations - Non -cancer -Based Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment RECREATIONAL FISHER - OFF -SITE RECREATIONAL FISHER (ADULT) Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Dermal Contact Yes Particulate Inhalation No Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration RfD - reference dose RBC - risk based concentration COPC - chemical of potential Concern NTV - no toxicity value available DAD - dermally absorbed dose ABS - absorption factor RfC - reference concentration Intake Calculations Absorption Factors Non -Cancer Toxicity Values Intake;,,„t (mg/kg/day) DADder- (mg/kg/day) ECp,njcuj (mg/m3) EC-1 (mg/rn) ABSinc (unitless) ABSds (unities RfD,i (mg/kg/day) RfDd,u,i (mg/kg/day) RfC (m COPC CASRN RBC;,,tp, RBCd,.,i RBCp,n;cu, RBC„_ RBCa,i Aluminum 7429-90-5 7.7E-09 NE NE 1 1.0E+00 1.0E+00 5.0E-03 1.3E+08 NE NE 1.3E+08 Antimony 7440-36-0 7.7E-09 NE NE 1 4.0E-04 6.0E-05 5.2E+04 NE NE 5.2E+04 Arsenic 7440-38-2 4.6E-09 2.7E-08 NE NE 0.6 0.03 3.0E-04 3.0E-04 1.5E-05 6.5E+04 1.1E+04 NE NE 9.6E+03 Barium 7440-39-3 7.7E-09 NE NE 1 2.0E-01 1.4E-02 5.0E-04 2.6E+07 NE NE 2.6E+07 Beryllium 7440-41-7 7.7E-09 NE NE 1 2.0E-03 1.4E-05 2.0E-05 2.6E+05 NE NE 2.6E+05 Boron 7440-42-8 7.7E-09 NE NE 1 2.0E-01 2.0E-01 2.0E-02 2.6E+07 NE NE 2.6E+07 Cadmium 7440-43-9 7.7E-09 8.9E-10 NE NE 1 0.001 1.0E-03 2.5E-05 2.0E-05 1.3E+05 2.8E+04 NE NE 2.3E+04 Calcium 7440-70-2 7.7E-09 NE NE 1 NTV NTV NE NE Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 7.7E-09 NE NE 1 1.5E+00 2.0E-02 1.9E+08 NE NE 1.9E+08 Chromium III 16065-83-1 7.7E-09 NE NE 1 1.5E+00 2.0E-02 1.9E+08 NE NE 1.9E+08 Cobalt 7440-48-4 7.7E-09 NE NE 1 3.0E-04 3.0E-04 6.0E-06 3.9E+04 NE NE 3.9E+04 Copper 7440-50-8 7.7E-09 NE NE 1 4.0E-02 4.0E-02 5.2E+06 NE NE 5.2E+06 Iron 7439-89-6 7.7E-09 NE NE 1 7.0E-01 7.0E-01 9.1E+07 NE NE 9.1E+07 Lead 7439-92-1 7.7E-09 NE NE 1 NTV NTV NE NE Magnesium 7439-95-4 7.7E-09 NE NE 1 NTV NTV NE NE Manganese 7439-96-5 7.7E-09 NE NE 1 1.4E-01 5.6E-03 5.0E-05 1.8E+07 NE NE 1.8E+07 Mercury 7439-97-6 7.7E-09 NE NE 1 3.0E-04 2.1E-05 3.0E-04 3.9E+04 NE NE 3.9E+04 Molybdenum 7439-98-7 7.7E-09 NE NE 1 5.0E-03 5.0E-03 6.5E+05 NE NE 6.5E+05 Nickel 7440-02-0 7.7E-09 NE NE 1 2.0E-02 8.0E-04 9.0E-05 2.6E+06 NE NE 2.6E+06 Potassium 7440-09-7 7.7E-09 NE NE 1 NTV NTV NE NE Selenium 7782-49-2 7.7E-09 NE NE 1 5.0E-03 5.0E-03 2.0E-02 6.5E+05 NE NE 6.5E+05 Sodium 7440-23-5 7.7E-09 NE NE 1 NTV NTV NE NE Strontium 7440-24-6 7.7E-09 NE NE 1 6.0E-01 6.0E-01 7.8E+07 NE NE 7.8E+07 Thallium 7440-28-0 7.7E-09 NE NE 1 1.0E-05 1.0E-05 1.3E+03 NE NE 1.3E+03 Titanium 7440-32-6 7.7E-09 NE NE 1 NTV NTV NE NE Vanadium 7440-62-2 7.7E-09 NE NE 1 5.0E-03 1.3E-04 1.0E-04 6.5E+05 NE NE 6.5E+05 Zinc 7440-66-6 7.7E-09 NE NE 1 3.0E-01 3.0E-01 3.9E+07 NE NE 3.9E+07 Nitrate 14797-55-8 7.7E-09 NE NE 1 1.6E+00 1.6E+00 2.1E+08 NE NE 2.1E+08 Sulfide 18496-25-8 7.7E-09 NE NE 1 NTV NTV NE NE Chromium A (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 7.7E-09 NE NE 1 3.0E-03 7.5E-05 1.0E-04 3.9E+05 NE NE 3.9E+05 1/6/2016 Page 3 of 4 Attachment O - Table 4-15 Risk Based Concentration Summary Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Sediment RECREATIONAL FISHER - OFF -SITE RECREATIONAL FISHER (ADULT) Exposure Routes Evaluated Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Incidental Ingestion Yes Duke Energy Dermal Contact Yes Particulate Inhalation No Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 Tar et Cancer Risk er Chemical 1 E-04 COPC - chemical of potential concern nc - risk based concentration based on non -cancer hazard index c - risk based concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicity value available; Risk Based Concentration not calculated COPC CASRN Risk Based Concentration I Non -Cancer (mg/kg) I Cancer (mg/kg) Final (mg/kg) Basis Aluminum /42U-W-b I..SL+Ub l.3L+uo nc Antimony 7440-36-0 5.2E+04 5.2E+04 nc Arsenic 7440-38-2 9.6E+03 1.5E+04 9.6E+03 nc Barium 7440-39-3 2.6E+07 2.6E+07 nc Beryllium 7440-41-7 2.6E+05 2.6E+05 nc Boron 7440-42-8 2.6E+07 2.6E+07 nc Cadmium 7440-43-9 2.3E+04 2.3E+04 nc Calcium 7440-70-2 NA Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 1.9E+08 1.9E+08 nc Chromium III 16065-83-1 1.9E+08 1.9E+08 nc Cobalt 7440-48-4 3.9E+04 3.9E+04 nc Copper 7440-50-8 5.2E+06 5.2E+06 nc Iron 7439-89-6 9.1E+07 9.1E+07 nc Lead 7439-92-1 NA Magnesium 7439-95-4 NA Manganese 7439-96-5 1.8E+07 1.8E+07 nc Mercury 7439-97-6 3.9E+04 3.9E+04 nc Molybdenum 7439-98-7 6.5E+05 6.5E+05 nc Nickel 7440-02-0 2.6E+06 2.6E+06 nc Potassium 7440-09-7 NA Selenium 7782-49-2 6.5E+05 6.5E+05 nc Sodium 7440-23-5 NA Strontium 7440-24-6 7.8E+07 7.8E+07 nc Thallium 7440-28-0 1.3E+03 1.3E+03 nc Titanium 7440-32-6 NA Vanadium 7440-62-2 6.5E+05 6.5E+05 nc Zinc 7440-66-6 3.9E+07 3.9E+07 nc Nitrate 14797-55-8 2.1 E+08 2.1 E+08 nc Sulfide 18496-25-8 NA 1 /6/2016 Page 4 of 4 Table 4.15 Risk Based Concentration Calculations Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy Total Risk Based Concentration 1 RBCtnta; = [(1 /RBC;ngaamn) + (1 /RBCda na) + (1 /RBCpa) + (1 /RBC ap)] Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion RBC;ngaauon= TR / Intakeng* CSF [EPC]aol; * IR * ABSING * FI * EF * ED * C1 Intakeng (age group,)= BW. * ATIff uroa Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption RBCdan a; = TR / DAD * CSF DADderro(agegroup,)= DAEvent * SA * EV * EF * ED BW. * ATIburre DAE—t = [EPC].,, * ABSd * AF * C1 Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion RBC;ngaanon= THI Intakeng / RfD Intakeng = [EPC]aou * IR * ABS;ng * FI * EF * ED * C1 BW * AT Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption RBCd... I= THI DAD / RfD DADdar,n = DAEvent * SA * EV * EF * ED BW * AT DAE—t = [EPC]aa;I * ABSd * AF * C1 Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation RBClnhalatlon = TR / ECoan * IUR ECoan (age [EPC]PART * ETPad * EF * ED --- OR--- [EPC]vAPOR * ETvap* EF * ED (s group •)— _ 24 * AT urearoe Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation THI RBC;nnaladon= ECno / RfC ECnu, = [EPC]PART * ETPa,t * EF * ED * C2 --- OR--- [EPC]vAPOR * ETvap* EF * ED * C2 24 *AT Parameter Value - Cancer Value - Non -Cancer Units CSF Chemical specific (mg/kg-day)-' IUR Chemical specific (ug/m')-' Intake Age/chemical specific mg/kg-day EC.an Age/chemical specific (ug/m') ELCR Age/chemical specific unitless RfD Chemical specific mg/kg-day RfC Chemical specific (mg/m') DAD Age/chemical specific Age/chemical specific mg/kg-day DAE-nt Age/chemical specific Age/chemical specific mg/cm2-event ECno Age/chemical specific mg/m' HQ Age/chemical specific unitless [EPC]ao;I Chemical specific Chemical specific mg/kg [EPC]PART Attachment O - TABLE Attachment O - TABLE ug/m' [EPC]vAPOR Attachment O - TABLE Attachment O - TABLE ug/m' ABS;ng Chemical specific Chemical specific unitless ABSd Chemical specific Chemical specific unitless BW 80 80 kg EF 45 45 day/year ED 10 10 year AT 3650 day ATlifetime 25550 day IR 5 5 mg/day FI 1 1 unitless C1 0.000001 0.000001 kg/mg SA 5790 5790 cm2 AF 0.1 0.1 mg/cm2 EV 1 1 event/day ETPart 4 4 hours/day C2 0.001 0.001 mg/ug ETVap 8 8 hours/day 1 /6/2016 Page 1 of 4 Attachment P -Table 4-16 Risk Based Concentrations - Cancer -Based Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface Water OFFSITE RECREATIONAL FISHER - RECREATIONAL FISHER (ADULT) Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion No Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Dermal Contact Yes Duke Energy Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-0� NC - not carcinogenic by this exposure route NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration CSF - cancer slope factor RBC - risk based concentration NTV - no toxicity value available DAD - dermally absorbed dose ABS - absorption factor UR - cancer unit risk COPC - chemical of potenital concern Intake Calculations Tapwater Dermal Parameters Cancer ToxicityValues COPC CASRN EPC Fntakein DA.a DADd.pp., EC„p„ BtKpFAIn EPD? CSF,r,i CSFd,,,p,i IUR RBCins„n.n RBCd.nna RBC,,,p,r RBC,_, (mglL)g/kglday) (mg kg' (mg/kglday) (ug/m') (unitless) (hrlevent) (hr) (cm/hr) (unitless) (Y/W (mg/kglday)'' (mglkg/day)'' (uglms)'' (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) Aluminum 7429-90-5 1.00E-03 NE INC INC NE 2.0E-03 1.5E-01 3.6E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NE -- NE Antimony 7440-36-0 1.00E-03 NE NC NC NE 4.2E-03 5.1E-01 1.2E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y NE -- NE Arsenic 7440-38-2 1.00E-03 NE 2.0E-09 2.5E-09 NE 3.3E-03 2.8E-01 6.6E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.5E+00 1.5E+00 4.3E-03 NE 2.6E+01 NE 2.6E+01 Barium 7440-39-3 1.00E-03 NE INC NC NE 4.5E-03 6.2E-01 1.5E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y NE -- NE Beryllium 7440-41-7 1.00E-03 NE NC INC NE 1.2E-03 1.2E-01 2.8E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 2.4E-03 NE -- NE Boron 7440-42-8 1.00E-03 NE NC NC NE 1.4E-03 1.3E-01 3.0E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NE -- NE Cadmium 7440-43-9 1.00E-03 NE INC INC NE 4.1E-03 4.5E-01 1.1E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.8E-03 NE -- NE Calcium 7440-70-2 1.00E-03 NE INC NC NE 1.0E-03 1 Y NE - NE Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 1.00E-03 NE NC INC NE 2.8E-03 2.1E-01 4.9E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NE - NE Chromium III 16065-83-1 1.00E-03 NE NC NC NE 2.8E-03 2.1E-01 4.9E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NE -- NE Cobalt 7440-48-0 1.00E-03 NE INC INC NE 1.2E-03 2.2E-01 5.4E-01 4.0E-04 1 Y 9.0E-03 NE -- NE Copper 7440-50-8 1.00E-03 NE INC NC NE 3.1E-03 2.4E-01 5.7E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NE -- NE Iron 7439-89-6 1.00E-03 NE INC INC NE 2.9E-03 2.2E-01 5.2E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NE -- NE Lead 7439-92-1 1.00E-03 NE INC NC NE 5.5E-04 1.5E+00 3.7E+00 1.0E-04 1 Y NE -- NE Magnesium 7439-95-4 1.00E-03 NE NC NC NE 1.0E-03 1 Y NE -- NE Manganese 7439-96-5 1.00E-03 NE INC NC NE 2.9E-03 2.1E-01 5.1E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NE -- NE Mercury 7439-97-6 1.00E-03 NE INC NC NE 5.4E-03 1.4E+00 3.4E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y NE -- NE Molybdenum 7439-98-7 1.00E-03 NE INC NC NE 3.8E-03 3.6E-01 8.7E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NE -- NE Nickel 7440-02-0 1.00E-03 NE INC NC NE 5.9E-04 2.2E-01 5.4E-01 2.0E-04 1 Y 2.4E-04 NE -- NE Potassium 7440-09-7 1.00E-03 NE INC NC NE 2.0E-04 1 Y NE - NE Selenium 7782-49-2 1.00E-03 NE INC INC NE 3.4E-03 2.9E-01 7.0E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NE - NE Sodium 7440-23-5 1.00E-03 NE INC NC NE 6.0E-04 1 Y NE - NE Strontium 7440-24-6 1.00E-03 NE NC NC NE 3.6E-03 3.3E-01 7.8E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NE -- NE Thallium 7440-28-0 1.00E-03 NE NC NC NE 5.5E-03 1.5E+00 3.5E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y NE -- NE Titanium 7440-32-6 1.00E-03 NE INC NC NE 1.0E-03 1 Y NE -- NE Vanadium 7440-62-2 1.00E-03 NE INC NC NE 2.7E-03 2.0E-01 4.9E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NE -- NE Zinc 7440-66-6 1.00E-03 NE NC INC HE 1.9E-03 2.4E-01 5.9E-01 6.0E-04 1 Y NE -- NE Nitrate 14797-55-8 1.00E-03 NE INC NC NE 3.0E-03 2.3E-01 5.6E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y NE -- NE Sulfde 18496-25-8 1.00E-03 NE NC NC NE 4.0E-04 1 Y NE -- NE Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 1.00E-03 NE 4.0E-09 5.1E-09 NE 5.5E-03 2.1E-01 4.9E-01 2.0E-03 1 Y 5.0E-01 2.0E+01 8.4E-02 NE 9.8E-01 NE 9.8E-01 1/8/2016 Page 2 of 4 Attachment P -Table 4-16 Risk Based Concentrations - Non -cancer -Based Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface Water OFFSITE RECREATIONAL FISHER - RECREATIONAL FISHER (ADULT) Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion No Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Dermal Contact Yes Duke Energy Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 NV - not volatile EC - exposure concentration RfD - reference dose RBC - risk based concentration COPC - chemical of potenital concern NN- no tmdcity value available DAD - dermally absorbed dose ASS - absorption factor RfC - reference concentration Intake Calculations Tapwater Dermal Parameters Non -Cancer Toxicity Values COPC CASRN EPC rtake„y DA„„nr DADd,,,,,ai EC„n„ B c t+ Kp FA In EPD? RfD,rai RfDd,m,ai RfC RBCj_g n RBCd.rm,i RBC�,or RBC(mg/L) glkg/day) (mg/kg/day) (mg/kglday) (mg/m') (unitless) (hrlevent) (hr) (cMhr) (unitless) (YIN) (mglkg/day) (mglkg/day) (mglm') (mglL) (mglL) (mg/L) Aluminum 7429-90-5 1.00E-03 NE 2.0E-09 1.8E-08 NE 2.0E-03 1.5E-01 3.6E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.0E+00 1.0E+00 5.0E-03 NE 5.6E+04 NE 5.6E+04 Antimony 7440-36-0 1.00E-03 NE 2.0E-09 1.8E-08 NE 4.2E-03 5.1E-01 1.2E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y 4.0E-04 6.0E-05 NE 3.4E+00 NE 3.4E+00 Arsenic 7440-38-2 1.00E-03 NE 2.0E-09 1.8E-08 NE 3.3E-03 2.8E-01 6.6E-01 1.0E-03 0.6 Y 3.0E-04 3.0E-04 1.5E-05 NE 1.7E+01 NE 1.7E+01 Barium 7440-39-3 1.00E-03 NE 2.0E-09 1.8E-08 NE 4.5E-03 6.2E-01 1.5E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y 2.0E-01 1.4E-02 5.0E-04 NE 7.8E+02 NE 7.8E+02 Beryllium 7440-41-7 1.00E-03 NE 2.0E-09 1.8E-08 NE 1.2E-03 1.2E-01 2.8E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 2.0E-03 1.4E-OS 2.0E-05 NE 7.8E-01 NE 7.8E-01 Boron 7440-42-8 1.00E-03 NE 2.0E-09 1.8E-08 NE 1.4E-03 1.3E-Of 3.0E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 2.0E-01 2.0E-01 2.0E-02 NE 1.1E+04 NE 1.1E+04 Cadmium 7440-43-9 1.00E-03 NE 2.0E-09 1.8E-08 NE 4.1E-03 4.5E-01 1.1E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.0E-03 2.5E-05 2.0E-05 NE 1.4E+00 NE 1.4E+00 Calcium 7440-70-2 1.00E-03 NE 2.0E-09 1.8E-OS NE 1.0E-03 1 Y NE NN NE Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 1.00E-03 NE 2.0E-09 1.8E-08 NE 2.8E-03 2.1E-01 4.9E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.5E+00 2.0E-02 NE 1.1E+03 NE 1.1E+03 Chromium III 16065-83-1 1.00E-03 NE 2.0E-09 1.8E-OS NE 2.8E-03 2.1E-01 4.9E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.5E+00 2.0E-02 NE 1.1E+03 NE 1.1E+03 Cobalt 7440-48-4 1.00E-03 NE 8.0E-10 7.1E-09 NE 1.2E-03 2.2E-01 5.4E-01 4.0E-04 1 Y 3.0E-04 3.0E-04 6.0E-06 NE 4.2E+01 NE 4.2E+01 Copper 7440-50-8 1.00E-03 NE 2.0E-09 1.8E-08 NE 3.1E-03 2.4E-01 5.7E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 4.0E-02 4.0E-02 NE 2.2E+03 NE 2.2E+03 Iron 7439-89-6 1.00E-03 NE 2.0E-09 1.8E-08 NE 2.9E-03 2.2E-01 5.2E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 7.0E-01 7.0E-01 NE 3.9E+04 NE 3.9E+04 Lead 7439-92-1 1.00E-03 NE 2.0E-10 1.8E-09 NE 5.5E-04 1.5E+00 3.7E+00 1.0E-04 1 Y NE NN NE Magnesium 7439-95-4 1.00E-03 NE 2.0E-09 1.8E-08 NE 1.0E-03 1 Y NE NN NE Manganese 7439-96-5 1.00E-03 NE 2.0E-09 1.8E-08 NE 2.9E-03 2.1E-01 5.1E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.4E-01 5.6E-03 5.0E-05 NE 3.1E+02 NE 3.1E+02 Mercury 7439-97-6 1.00E-03 NE 2.0E-09 1.8E-08 NE 5.4E-03 1.4E+00 3.4E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y 3.0E-04 2.1E-OS 3.0E-04 NE 1.2E+00 NE 1.2E+00 Molybdenum 7439-98-7 1.00E-03 NE 2.0E-09 1.8E-OS NE 3.8E-03 3.6E-01 8.7E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 5.0E-03 5.0E-03 NE 2.8E+02 NE 2.8E+02 Nickel 7440-02-0 1.00E-03 NE 4.0E-10 3.6E-09 NE 5.9E-04 2.2E-01 5.4E-01 2.0E-04 1 Y 2.0E-02 8.0E-04 9.0E-05 NE 2.2E+02 NE 2.2E+02 Potassium 7440-09-7 1.00E-03 NE 4.0E-10 3.6E-09 NE 2.0E-04 1 Y NE NN NE Selenium 7782-49-2 1.00E-03 NE 2.0E-09 1.8E-08 NE 3.4E-03 2.9E-01 7.0E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 5.0E-03 5.0E-03 2.0E-02 NE 2.8E+02 NE 2.8E+02 Sodium 7440-23-5 1.00E-03 NE 1.2E-09 1.1E-08 NE 6.0E-04 1 Y NE NN NE Strontium 7440-24-6 1.00E-03 NE 2.0E-09 1.8E-08 NE 3.6E-03 3.3E-01 7.8E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 6.0E-01 6.0E-01 NE 3.4E+04 NE 3.4E+04 Thallium 7440-28-0 1.00E-03 NE 2.0E-09 1.8E-OS NE 5.5E-03 1.5E+00 3.5E+00 1.0E-03 1 Y NE NN NE Titanium 7440-32-6 1.00E-03 NE 2.0E-09 1.8E-08 NE 1.0E-03 1 Y NE NN NE Vanadium 7440-62-2 1.00E-03 NE 2.0E-09 1.8E-08 NE 2.7E-03 2.0E-01 4.9E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 5.0E-03 1.3E-04 1.0E-04 NE 7.3E+00 NE 7.3E+00 Zinc 7440-66-6 1.00E-03 NE 1.2E-09 1.1E-08 NE 1.9E-03 2.4E-01 5.9E-01 6.0E-04 1 Y 3.0E-01 3.0E-01 NE 2.8E+04 NE 2.8E+04 Nitrate 14797-55-8 1.00E-03 NE 2.0E-09 1.8E-OS NE 3.0E-03 2.3E-01 5.6E-01 1.0E-03 1 Y 1.6E+00 1.6E+00 NE 9.0E+04 NE 9.0E+04 Sulfide 18496-25-8 1.00E-03 NE 7.9E-10 7.1E-09 NE 4.0E-04 1 Y NE NN NE Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 1.00E-03 NE 4.0E-09 3.6E-08 NE 5.5E-03 2.1E-01 4.9E-01 2.0E-03 1 Y 3.0E-03 7.5E-05 1.0E-04 NE 2.1E+00 NE 2.1E+00 1/8/2016 Page 3 of 4 ttachment P - Table 4-16 isk Based Concentration Summary erivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Surface Water FF-SITE RECREATIONAL FISHER - RECREATIONAL FISHER (ADULT) n Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion No Dermal Contact Yes Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 E-04 COPC - chemical of potenital concern nc - risk based concentration based on non -cancer hazard index c - risk based concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicitv value available: remedial not calculated COPC CASRN Risk Based Concentration I Non -Cancer (mg/L) Cancer I (mg/L) Final I (mg/L) Basis Aluminum /42U-9U-b b.bE+U4 b.bE+U4 nc Antimony 7440-36-0 3.4E+00 3.4E+00 nc Arsenic 7440-38-2 1.7E+01 2.6E+01 1.7E+01 nc Barium 7440-39-3 7.8E+02 7.8E+02 nc Beryllium 7440-41-7 7.8E-01 7.8E-01 nc Boron 7440-42-8 1.1E+04 1.1 E+04 nc Cadmium 7440-43-9 1.4E+00 1.4E+00 nc Calcium 7440-70-2 NA Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 1.1E+03 1.1E+03 nc Chromium III 16065-83-1 1.1E+03 1.1E+03 nc Cobalt 7440-48-4 4.2E+01 4.2E+01 nc Copper 7440-50-8 2.2E+03 2.2E+03 nc Iron 7439-89-6 3.9E+04 3.9E+04 nc Lead 7439-92-1 NA Magnesium 7439-95-4 NA Manganese 7439-96-5 3.1 E+02 3.1 E+02 nc Mercury 7439-97-6 1.2E+00 1.2E+00 nc Molybdenum 7439-98-7 2.8E+02 2.8E+02 nc Nickel 7440-02-0 2.2E+02 2.2E+02 nc Potassium 7440-09-7 NA Selenium 7782-49-2 2.8E+02 2.8E+02 nc Sodium 7440-23-5 NA Strontium 7440-24-6 3.4E+04 3.4E+04 nc Thallium 7440-28-0 NA Titanium 7440-32-6 NA Vanadium 7440-62-2 7.3E+00 7.3E+00 nc Zinc 7440-66-6 2.8E+04 2.8E+04 nc Nitrate 14797-55-8 9.0E+04 9.0E+04 nc Sulfide 18496-25-8 NA Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 2.1E+00 9.8E-01 9.8E-01 c 1 /8/2016 Page 4 of 4 Table 4-16 Risk Based Concentration Calculations Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy Total Risk Based Concentration RBC:,,= 1 [(1/RGmge i.)+(1/RGderm0+(1/RG„,p Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion TR RBCmge:ror = Intake;, *CSF [EPC].mt * IR * FI * EF * ED * C1 Intake;e, la,e,rouP x)= BW *AT; i retjme Cancer -Risk Based Concentration from Dermal Absorption TR RBCderm,; = DADde,,,, * CSF DADerm DAw'-„ t * SA * EV * EF * ED a (age group x)= ATrrerme DAEm t= [EPC]_, * PCevent Organic Compounds: PCevent 2 * FA. KP , 6 • r •rTevent TevenKt• _C2 4 Kp event /1+3B PCeventTevenb=t* = FA * C2 * �1 + B )+ 2 * r * I 1 +3B' + B' ) ( ) Inorganics Compounds: Tevent PCevent = C2 Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation RBC1„haut1a = TR EC_ *IUR ECcm, [EPC]VAPOR* ETVap* EF * ED * C1 (age 91OUP xI _ - 24 * AT;;ferme Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion RBC;,,geat;o„ = THI Intake;,,, / RfD Intake;, _ [EPC]water * IR * FI * EF * ED * C1 BW *AT Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Dermal Absorption THI RBCderma; = DAD,,- / RfD DAE„e„t * DFWadj DADderm (age group x) = AT;;terme DAEm t= [EPC]_, * PCevent Organic Compounds: PCeventTevent<t• _ 2 * FA. Kp . 6 * r *rTevent Kip event 1+3B+3B' PCeventTevent =t* = FA * C2 * 1 + B -2— 1 + B Inorganics Compounds: Kp * Tevent PCevent = C2 Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Inhalation RBC;,,ha;at;o„ = THI ECn� / RfC EC„� _ [EPC]VAPOR * ETVap * EF * ED * C2 24*AT Parameter Value - Cancer Value - Non -Cancer Units CSF Chemical specific -- (mg/kg-day)" IUR Chemical specific -- (ug/m3)"' Intake Age/chemical specific -- mg/kg-day EC..„ Age/chemical specific -- (ug/m') ELCR Age/chemical specific -- unitless RfD -- Chemical specific mg/kg-day RfC -- Chemical specific (mg/m3) DAD Age/chemical specific Age/chemical specific mg/kg-day DA,t Age/chemical specific Age/chemical specific mg/cm`-event ECn� -- Age/chemical specific mg/m3 HQ -- Age/chemical specific unitless [EPCLater Chemical specific Chemical specific mg/L PCevent Chemical specific Chemical specific L/cm2-event [EPC]—r ----NOT USED--- ---NOT USED--- ug/m' BW 80 80 kg EF 45 45 day/year ED 10 10 year AT -- 3650 day ATlifetime 25550 -- day IR L/day FI unitless SA 5790 5790 cm2 Tevent 2.00 2 hr/event EV 1 1 event/day C1 0.001 0.001 mg/ug ETVap 2 2 hr/day C2 1000 1000 cm'/L 1/8/2016 Page 1 of 4 Attachment Q - Table 4-17 Risk Based Concentration - Cancer -Based Derivation of Risk Based Concentration - Biota Off -Site Fisher - OFF -SITE FISHER - RECREATIONAL(ADULT) Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Exposure Routes Evaluated Duke Energy Ingestion Ves Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1 COPC - chemical of potential concern ABS - absorption factor ABS - absorption factor RBC - risk based concentration NC - not carcinogenic by this exposure route CSF - cancer slope factor NTV - no toxicity value available Intake Calculations Absorption Factors Cancer Toxicity Values ABSiNp CSF_1 COPC CASRN Intake;,,ges RBCi„..ia„ RBC�,pi (mg/kgtday) (unitless) (mglkglday)' Aluminum 7429-90-5 NC NC NC Antimony 7440-36-0 NC NC NC Arsenic 7440-38-2 3.1 E-05 1 1.5E+00 2.1 E+00 2.1 E+00 Barium 7440-39-3 NC NC NC Beryllium 7440-41-7 NC NC NC Boron 7440-42-8 NC NC NC Cadmium 7440-43-9 NC NC NC Calcium 7440-70-2 NC NC NC Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 NC NC NC Chromium III 16065-83-1 NC NC NC Cobalt 7440-48-4 NC NC NC Copper 7440-50-8 NC NC NC Iron 7439-89-6 NC NC NC Lead 7439-92-1 NC 1 NC Magnesium 7439-95-4 NC NC NC Manganese 7439-96-5 NC NC NC Mercury 7439-97-6 NC NC NC Molybdenum 7439-98-7 NC NC NC Nickel 7440-02-0 NC NC NC Potassium 7440-09-7 NC NC NC Selenium 7782-49-2 NC NC NC Sodium 7440-23-5 NC NC NC Strontium 7440-24-6 NC NC NC Thallium 7440-28-0 NC NC NC Titanium 7440-32-6 NC NC NC Vanadium 7440-62-2 NC NC NC Zinc 7440-66-6 NC NC NC Nitrate 14797-SS8 NC NC NC Sulfide 18496-258 NC NC NC Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 3.1E-05 1 5.0E-01 6.4E+00 6.4E+00 1/6/2016 Page 2 of 4 tachmem O -Table 4-17 sk Based Concentration - Non -cancer -Based mivalion of Risk Based Concentration - Biota fSite Fisher - OFF -SITE FISHER - RECREATIONAL(ADULT) iman Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites rke Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated Ingestion Yes Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1E+00 )PC -chemical of potential concern RfD -reference dose NTV - no toxicity value available ABS -absorption factor RBC - risk based concentration Intake Calculations f Aluminum 7429-90-5 2.2E-04 1 1.0E+00 4.1 4.6E+03 Antimony 7440-36-0 2.2E-04 1 4.0E-04 1.8E+00 1.8E+00 Arsenic 7440-38-2 2.2E-04 1 3.0E-D4 1.4E+00 1.4E+00 Barium 7440-39.3 2.2E-04 1 2.0E-01 9.1E+02 9.1E+02 Beryllium 7440-41-7 2.2E-04 1 2.0E-03 9.1E+00 9.1E+00 Boron 7440-42-8 2.2E-04 1 2.0E-01 9.1E+02 9.1E+02 Cadmium 7440-43-9 2.2E-04 1 1.0E-03 4.6E+00 4.6E+00 Celdum 7440-70-2 2.2E-04 1 NTV Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 2.2E-04 1 1.5E+00 6.9E+03 6.9E+03 Chromium III 16065-83.1 2.2E-04 1 1.5E+00 6.9E+03 6.9E+03 Cobalt 7440-48-4 2.2E-04 1 3.0E-04 1.4E+00 1.4E+00 Copper 7440-50-8 2.2E-04 1 4.0E-02 1.8E+02 1.8E+02 Iron 7439-89-6 2.2E-04 1 7.0E-01 3.2E+03 3.2E+03 Lead 7439-92-1 2.2E-04 1 NTV Magnesium 7439-95-4 2.2E-04 1 NTV Manganese 7439-96-5 2.2E-04 1 1.4E-01 6.4E+02 6.4E+02 Mercury 7439-97-6 2.2E-04 1 3.0E-04 1.4E+00 1.4E+00 Molybdenum 7439-98-7 2.2E-04 1 5.0E-03 2.3E+01 2.3E+01 Nickel 7440-02-0 2.2E-04 1 2.0E-02 9.1E+01 9.1E+01 Potassium 7440-09.7 2.2E-04 1 NTV Selenium 7782-49-2 2.2E-04 1 5.0E-03 2.3E+01 2.3E+01 Sodium 7440-23-5 2.2E-04 1 NTV Stron0um 7440-24-6 2.2E-04 1 6.0E-01 2.7E+03 2.7E+03 Thallium 7440-28-0 2.2E-04 1 1.0E-05 4.6E-02 4.6E-02 Txanium 7440-32-6 2.2E-04 1 NTV Vanadium 7440-62-2 2.2E-04 1 5.0E-03 2.3E+01 2.3E+01 Zinc 7440-66-6 2.2E-04 1 3.0E-01 1.4E+03 1.4E+03 Nitrate 14797-55.8 2.2E-04 1 1.6E+00 7.3E+03 7.3E+03 Sulfide 18496-25.8 2.2E-04 1 NTV Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 2.2E-04 1 3.0E-03 1.4E+01 1.4E+01 1/6/2016 Page 3 of 4 Attachment Q - Table 4-17 Risk Based Concentration Summary Derivation of Risk Based Concentration - Biota Off -Site Fisher - OFF -SITE FISHER - RECREATIONAL(ADULT) Exposure Routes Evaluated Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Ingestion Yes Duke Energy Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 Target Cancer Risk(per Chemical 1 E-04 COPC - chemical of potential concern nc - risk based concentration based on non -cancer hazard index c - risk based concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicity value available; risk based concentration not calculated COPC CASRN Risk Based Concentration Non -Cancer (mg/kg) Cancer (mg/kg) Final I (mg/kg) Basis Aluminum /4Z`J-`JU-b 4.btrUS 4.ut: Uw nc Antimony 7440-36-0 1.8E+00 1.8E+00 nc Arsenic 7440-38-2 1.4E+00 2.1 E+00 1.4E+00 nc Barium 7440-39-3 9.1E+02 9.1E+02 nc Beryllium 7440-41-7 9.1E+00 9.1E+00 nc Boron 7440-42-8 9.1E+02 9.1E+02 nc Cadmium 7440-43-9 4.6E+00 4.6E+00 nc Calcium 7440-70-2 NA Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 6.9E+03 6.9E+03 nc Chromium III 16065-83-1 6.9E+03 6.9E+03 nc Cobalt 7440-48-4 1.4E+00 1.4E+00 nc Copper 7440-50-8 1.8E+02 1.8E+02 nc Iron 7439-89-6 3.2E+03 3.2E+03 nc Lead 7439-92-1 NA Magnesium 7439-954 NA Manganese 7439-96-5 6.4E+02 6.4E+02 nc Mercury 7439-97-6 1.4E+00 1.4E+00 nc Molybdenum 7439-98-7 2.3E+01 2.3E+01 nc Nickel 7440-02-0 9.1E+01 9.1E+01 nc Potassium 7440-09-7 NA Selenium 7782-49-2 2.3E+01 2.3E+01 nc Sodium 7440-23-5 NA Strontium 7440-24-6 2.7E+03 2.7E+03 nc Thallium 7440-28-0 4.6E-02 4.6E-02 nc Titanium 7440-32-6 NA Vanadium 7440-62-2 2.3E+01 2.3E+01 nc Zinc 7440-66-6 1.4E+03 1.4E+03 nc Nitrate 14797-55-8 7.3E+03 7.3E+03 nc Sulfide 18496-25-8 NA Chromium A (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 1.4E+01 6.4E+00 6.4E+00 c 1 /6/2016 Page 4 of 4 Attachment Q - Table 4-17 Risk Based Concentration Calculations Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy Cancer -Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion RBC,ngesi;on = TR / Intake;n9 * CSF [EPC]b;ote * IR * ABSiNc * EF * ED * C1 Intake,n9 (age group x) _ BWx * ATrfeeme Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion THI RBCm9esnnn = Intake;n9 / RfD Intake,n9 = [EPC]b,°,e' IR * ABS;n9 * EF * ED * C1 BW*AT Parameter Value - Cancer Value - Non -Cancer Units CSF Chemical specific (mg/kg-day)-' Intake Age/chemical specific mg/kg-day ELCR Age/chemical specific unitless RfD Chemical specific mg/kg-day HQ Age/chemical specific unitless [EPC]b;ot. Chemical specific Chemical specific mg/kg ABS;n9 Chemical specific Chemical specific unitless BW 80 80 kg EF 365 365 day/year ED 10 10 year AT 3650 day ATlifetime 25550 day IR 17.5 17.5 g/day C1 0.001 0.001 kg/g 1 /6/2016 Attachment Q - Table 4-17 Risk Based Concentration - Cancer -Based Derivation of Risk Based Concentration - Biota Off -Site Fisher - OFF -SITE FISHER - RECREATIONAL ADOLESCENT (AGE 6 - <16) Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy COPC - chemical of potential concern ABS - absorption factor ABS - absorption factor NC - not carcinogenic by this exposure route CSF - cancer slope factor Exposure Routes Evaluated Ingestion Yes Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1E-04 RBC - risk based concentration NTV - no toxicity value available Intake Calculations COPC CASRN Intake,ng-ti- (mg/kg/day) Absorption Factors Cancer Toxicity Values RBC,ngefi.nEl ABSING (unitless) CSF... I (mg/kg/day)"t Aluminum 7429-90-5 NC NC NC Antimony 7440-36-0 NC NC NC Arsenic 7440-38-2 2.5E-05 1 1.5E+00 2.7E+00 2.7E+00 Barium 7440-39-3 NC NC NC Beryllium 7440-41-7 NC NC NC Boron 7440-42-8 NC NC NC Cadmium 7440-43-9 NC NC NC Calcium 7440-70-2 NC NC NC Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 NC NC NC Chromium III 16065-83-1 NC NC NC Cobalt 7440-48-4 NC NC NC Copper 7440-50-8 NC NC NC Iron 7439-89-6 NC NC NC Lead 7439-92-1 NC 1 NC Magnesium 7439-95-4 NC NC NC Manganese 7439-96-5 NC NC NC Mercury 7439-97-6 NC NC NC Molybdenum 7439-98-7 NC NC NC Nickel 7440-02-0 NC NC NC Potassium 7440-09-7 NC NC NC Selenium 7782-49-2 NC NC NC Sodium 7440-23-5 NC NC NC Strontium 7440-24-6 NC NC NC Thallium 7440-28-0 NC NC NC Titanium 7440-32-6 NC NC NC Vanadium 7440-62-2 NC NC NC Zinc 7440-66-6 NC NC NC Nitrate 14797-55-8 NC NC NC Sulfide 18496-25-8 NC NC NC Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 7.4E-05 1 5.0E-01 2.7E+00 2.7E+00 Page 1 of 4 1 /6/2016 Attachment Q - Table 4-17 Risk Based Concentration - Non -cancer -Based Derivation of Risk Based Concentration - Biota Off -Site Fisher - OFF -SITE FISHER - RECREATIONAL ADOLESCENT (AGE 6 - <16) Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated Ingestion Yes Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) r.npr. .. _ rh.-ir 1 of nnfunfiol --rn Rfn _ ruforunru rineu NT/ _ nn Inririly vale is a ilohlu ASS -absorption factor RBC - risk based concentration Intake Calculations Absorption Factors Non -Cancer Toxicity Values COPC CASRN Intakeing-tion ABSING RfDoral RBCIo9,nlo„ RBCtoal m /k /day) (unitless) (mg/kg/day) Aluminum 7429-90-5 1.7E-04 1 1.0E+00 5.8E+03 5.8E+03 Antimony 7440-36-0 1.7E-04 1 4.0E-04 2.3E+00 2.3E+00 Arsenic 7440-38-2 1.7E-04 1 3.0E-04 1.7E+00 1.7E+00 Barium 7440-39-3 1.7E-04 1 2.0E-01 1.2E+03 1.2E+03 Beryllium 7440-41-7 1.7E-04 1 2.0E-03 1.2E+01 1.2E+01 Boron 7440-42-8 1.7E-04 1 2.0E-01 1.2E+03 1.2E+03 Cadmium 744043-9 1.7E-04 1 1.0E-03 5.8E+00 5.8E+00 Calcium 7440-70-2 1.7E-04 1 NTV Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 1.7E-04 1 1.5E+00 8.7E+03 8.7E+03 Chromium III 16065-83-1 1.7E-04 1 1.5E+00 8.7E+03 8.7E+03 Cobalt 7440-48-4 1.7E-04 1 3.0E-04 1.7E+00 1.7E+00 Copper 7440-50-8 1.7E-04 1 4.0E-02 2.3E+02 2.3E+02 Iron 7439-89-6 1.7E-04 1 7.0E-01 4.1E+03 4.1E+03 Lead 7439-92-1 1.7E-04 1 NTV Magnesium 7439-95-4 1.7E-04 1 NTV Manganese 7439-96-5 1.7E-04 1 1.4E-01 8.1E+02 8.1E+02 Mercury 7439-97-6 1.7E-04 1 3.0E-04 1.7E+00 1.7E+00 Molybdenum 7439-98-7 1.7E-04 1 5.0E-03 2.9E+01 2.9E+01 Nickel 7440-02-0 1.7E-04 1 2.0E-02 1.2E+02 1.2E+02 Potassium 7440-09-7 1.7E-04 1 NTV Selenium 778249-2 1.7E-04 1 5.0E-03 2.9E+01 2.9E+01 Sodium 7440-23-5 1.7E-04 1 NTV Strontium 7440-24-6 1.7E-04 1 6.0E-01 3.5E+03 3.5E+03 Thallium 7440-28-0 1.7E-04 1 1.0E-05 5.8E-02 5.8E-02 Titanium 7440-32-6 1.7E-04 1 NTV Vanadium 7440-62-2 1.7E-04 1 5.0E-03 2.9E+01 2.9E+01 Zinc 7440-66-6 1.7E-04 1 3.0E-01 1.7E+03 1.7E+03 Nitrate 14797-55-8 1.7E-04 1 1.6E+00 9.3E+03 9.3E+03 Sulfide 18496-25-8 1.7E-04 1 NTV Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 1.7E-04 1 3.0E-03 1.7E+01 1.7E+01 Page 2 of 4 1/6/2016 hment Q - Table 4-17 Based Concentration Summary ation of Risk Based Concentration - Biota ite Fisher - OFF -SITE FISHER - RECREATIONAL ADOLESCENT (AGE 6 - <16) n Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated Ingestion Yes Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 COPC - chemical of potential concern nc - risk based concentration based on non -cancer hazard index c - risk based concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicity value available; risk based concentration not calculated COPC CASRN Risk Based Concentration Non -Cancer (mg/kg) Cancer (mg/kg) Final (mg/kg) Basis Hiummum ia/a-au-o o.at+us o.at+us nc Antimony 7440-36-0 2.3E+00 2.3E+00 nc Arsenic 7440-38-2 1.7E+00 2.7E+00 1.7E+00 nc Barium 7440-39-3 1.2E+03 1.2E+03 nc Beryllium 7440-41-7 1.2E+01 1.2E+01 nc Boron 7440-42-8 1.2E+03 1.2E+03 nc Cadmium 7440-43-9 5.8E+00 5.8E+00 nc Calcium 7440-70-2 NA Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 8.7E+03 8.7E+03 nc Chromium III 16065-83-1 8.7E+03 8.7E+03 nc Cobalt 7440-48-4 1.7E+00 1.7E+00 nc Copper 7440-50-8 2.3E+02 2.3E+02 nc Iron 7439-89-6 4.1E+03 4.1E+03 nc Lead 7439-92-1 NA Magnesium 7439-95-4 NA Manganese 7439-96-5 8.1E+02 8.1E+02 nc Mercury 7439-97-6 1.7E+00 1.7E+00 nc Molybdenum 7439-98-7 2.9E+01 2.9E+01 nc Nickel 7440-02-0 1.2E+02 1.2E+02 nc Potassium 7440-09-7 NA Selenium 7782-49-2 2.9E+01 2.9E+01 nc Sodium 7440-23-5 NA Strontium 7440-24-6 3.5E+03 3.5E+03 nc Thallium 7440-28-0 5.8E-02 5.8E-02 nc Titanium 7440-32-6 NA Vanadium 7440-62-2 2.9E+01 2.9E+01 nc Zinc 7440-66-6 1.7E+03 1.7E+03 nc Nitrate 14797-55-8 9.3E+03 9.3E+03 nc Sulfide 18496-25-8 NA Chromium VI(hexavalent) 18540-29-9 1.7E+01 2.7E+00 2.7E+00 c Page 3 of 4 1 /6/2016 Attachment Q - Table 4-17 Risk Based Concentration Calculations Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy cer-Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion RBCingestion - TR / Intakeing * CSF Intakeing (age group x) - [EPC]biota * IR * ABSING * EF * ED * C1 BWx * ATlifetime Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion RBC - THI ngestion - Intakeing / RfD Intakeing- [EPC]biota * IR * ABSing * EF * ED * C1 _ BW*AT Page 4 of 4 Parameter Value - Cancer Value - Non -Cancer Units CSF Chemical specific -- (mg/kg-day) Intake Age/chemical specific -- mg/kg-day ELCR Age/chemical specific -- unitless RfD -- Chemical specific mg/kg-day HQ -- Age/chemical specific unitless [EPC]biota Chemical specific Chemical specific mg/kg ABSing Chemical specific Chemical specific unitless B W 44 44 kg EF 365 365 day/year ED 10 10 year AT -- 3650 day ATlifetime 25550 -- day I R 7.6 7.6 g/day C1 0.001 0.001 kg/g 1 /6/2016 Attachment R - Table 4.18 Risk Based Concentrations - Cancer -Based Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Biota Off -Site Fisher - OFF -SITE FISHER - SUBSISTENCE(CHILD <6) Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy COPC - chemical of potential concern ABS - absorption factor ABS - absorption factor NC - not carcinogenic by this exposure route CSF - cancer slope factor Exposure Routes Evaluated Ingestion Yes Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1E-04 RBC - risk based concentration NTV - no toxicity value available Intake Calculations COPC CASRN Intake,ng-ti— (mg/kg/day) Absorption Factors Cancer Toxicity Values RBC,ngefi.nEl ABSING (unitless) CSF... I (mg/kg/day)"t Aluminum 7429-90-5 NC NC NC Antimony 7440-36-0 NC NC NC Arsenic 7440-38-2 5.6E-04 1 1.5E+00 1.2E-01 1.2E-01 Barium 7440-39-3 NC NC NC Beryllium 7440-41-7 NC NC NC Boron 7440-42-8 NC NC NC Cadmium 7440-43-9 NC NC NC Calcium 7440-70-2 NC NC NC Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 NC NC NC Chromium III 16065-83-1 NC NC NC Cobalt 7440-48-4 NC NC NC Copper 7440-50-8 NC NC NC Iron 7439-89-6 NC NC NC Lead 7439-92-1 NC 1 NC Magnesium 7439-95-4 NC NC NC Manganese 7439-96-5 NC NC NC Mercury 7439-97-6 NC NC NC Molybdenum 7439-98-7 NC NC NC Nickel 7440-02-0 NC NC NC Potassium 7440-09-7 NC NC NC Selenium 7782-49-2 NC NC NC Sodium 7440-23-5 NC NC NC Strontium 7440-24-6 NC NC NC Thallium 7440-28-0 NC NC NC Titanium 7440-32-6 NC NC NC Vanadium 7440-62-2 NC NC NC Zinc 7440-66-6 NC NC NC Nitrate 14797-55-8 NC NC NC Sulfide 18496-25-8 NC NC NC Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 5.6E-03 1 5.0E-01 3.6E-02 3.6E-02 Page 1 of 4 1 /6/2016 Attachment R - Table 4-18 Risk Based Concentrations - Non -cancer -Based Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Biota Off -Site Fisher - OFF -SITE FISHER - SUBSISTENCE(CHILD <6) Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated Ingestion Yes Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) r.npr. .. _ rh.-ir 1 of nnfanfial rnnrorn Rfn _ raforanra rinea NT/ _ nn Inririly vale is availahla ABS -absorption factor RBC - risk based concentration Intake Calculations Absorption Factors Non -Cancer Toxicity Values COPC CASRN Intake„,,j,, ABSINo RfD,,,I RBCI,9asrl„ RBCr,I,i (mg/kglday) (unitless) (mg/kg/day) Aluminum 7429-90-5 6.5E-03 1 1.0E+00 1.5E+02 1.5E+02 Antimony 7440-36-0 6.5E-03 1 4.0E-04 6.1E-02 6.1E-02 Arsenic 7440-38-2 6.5E-03 1 3.0E-04 4.6E-02 4.6E-02 Barium 7440-39-3 6.5E-03 1 2.0E-01 3.1E+01 3.1E+01 Beryllium 744041-7 6.5E-03 1 2.0E-03 3.1E-01 3.1E-01 Boron 744042-8 6.5E-03 1 2.0E-01 3.1E+01 3.1E+01 Cadmium 744043-9 6.5E-03 1 1.0E-03 1.5E-01 1.5E-01 Calcium 7440-70-2 6.5E-03 1 NTV Chromium, Total 744047-3 6.5E-03 1 1.5E+00 2.3E+02 2.3E+02 Chromium III 16065-83-1 6.5E-03 1 1.5E+00 2.3E+02 2.3E+02 Cobalt 744048-4 6.5E-03 1 3.0E-04 4.6E-02 4.6E-02 Copper 7440-50-8 6.5E-03 1 4.0E-02 6.1E+00 6.1E+00 Iron 7439-89-6 6.5E-03 1 7.0E-01 1.1E+02 1.1E+02 Lead 7439-92-1 6.5E-03 1 NTV Magnesium 7439-95-4 6.5E-03 1 NTV Manganese 7439-96-5 6.5E-03 1 1.4E-01 2.1E+01 2.1E+01 Mercury 7439-97-6 6.5E-03 1 3.0E-04 4.6E-02 4.6E-02 Molybdenum 7439-98-7 6.5E-03 1 5.0E-03 7.7E-01 7.7E-01 Nickel 7440-02-0 6.5E-03 1 2.0E-02 3.1E+00 3.1E+00 Potassium 7440-09-7 6.5E-03 1 NTV Selenium 778249-2 6.5E-03 1 5.0E-03 7.7E-01 7.7E-01 Sodium 7440-23-5 6.5E-03 1 NTV Strontium 7440-24-6 6.5E-03 1 6.0E-01 9.2E+01 9.2E+01 Thallium 7440-28-0 6.5E-03 1 1.0E-05 1.5E-03 1.5E-03 Titanium 7440-32-6 6.5E-03 1 NTV Vanadium 7440-62-2 6.5E-03 1 5.0E-03 7.7E-01 7.7E-01 Zinc 7440-66-6 6.5E-03 1 3.0E-01 4.6E+01 4.6E+01 Nitrate 14797-55-8 6.5E-03 1 1.6E+00 2.4E+02 2.4E+02 Sulfide 18496-25-8 6.5E-03 1 NTV Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 6.5E-03 1 3.0E-03 4.6E-01 4.6E-01 Page 2 of 4 1/6/2016 Page 3 of 4 Attachment R - Table 4-18 Risk Based Concentrations Summary Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Biota Off -Site Fisher - OFF -SITE FISHER - SUBSISTENCE(CHILD <6) Exposure Routes Evaluated Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Ingestion Yes Duke Energy Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 Target Cancer Risk(per Chemical 1 E-04 COPC - chemical of potential concern nc - risk based concentration based on non -cancer hazard index c - risk based concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicity value available; remedial goal not calculated COPC CASRN Risk Based Concentration Non -Cancer (mg/kg) Cancer (mg/kg) Final (mg/kg) Basis Aluminum t429-9U-b 1.5E+U2 1.5E+U2 nc Antimony 7440-36-0 6.1 E-02 6.1 E-02 nc Arsenic 7440-38-2 4.6E-02 1.2E-01 4.6E-02 nc Barium 7440-39-3 3.1E+01 3.1E+01 nc Beryllium 7440-41-7 3.1E-01 3.1E-01 nc Boron 7440-42-8 3.1 E+01 3.1 E+01 nc Cadmium 7440-43-9 1.5E-01 1.5E-01 nc Calcium 7440-70-2 NA Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 2.3E+02 2.3E+02 nc Chromium III 16065-83-1 2.3E+02 2.3E+02 nc Cobalt 7440-48-4 4.6E-02 4.6E-02 nc Copper 7440-50-8 6.1 E+00 6.1 E+00 nc Iron 7439-89-6 1.1 E+02 1.1E+02 nc Lead 7439-92-1 NA Magnesium 7439-95-4 NA Manganese 7439-96-5 2.1 E+01 2.1 E+01 nc Mercury 7439-97-6 4.6E-02 4.6E-02 nc Molybdenum 7439-98-7 7.7E-01 7.7E-01 nc Nickel 7440-02-0 3.1 E+00 3.1 E+00 nc Potassium 7440-09-7 NA Selenium 7782-49-2 7.7E-01 7.7E-01 nc Sodium 7440-23-5 NA Strontium 7440-24-6 9.2E+01 9.2E+01 nc Thallium 7440-28-0 1.5E-03 1.5E-03 nc Titanium 7440-32-6 NA Vanadium 7440-62-2 7.7E-01 7.7E-01 nc Zinc 7440-66-6 4.6E+01 4.6E+01 nc Nitrate 14797-55-8 2.4E+02 2.4E+02 nc Sulfide 18496-25-8 NA Chromium A (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 4.6E-01 3.6E-02 3.6E-02 c 1 /6/2016 Attachment R - Table 4-18 Risk Based Concentration Calculations Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy cer-Risk Based Concentration RBCingestion - TR / Intakeing * CSF Intakeing (age group x) - Ingestion [EPC]biota * IR * ABSING * EF * ED * C1 BWx * ATlifetime Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration Goal for Ingestion RBC - THI ngestion - Intakeing / RfD Intake - [EPC]biote * IR * ABSing * EF * ED * C1 ng_ BW*AT Page 4 of 4 Parameter Value - Cancer Value - Non -Cancer Units CSF Chemical specific -- (mg/kg-day) Intake Age/chemical specific -- mg/kg-day ELCR Age/chemical specific -- unitless RfD -- Chemical specific mg/kg-day HQ -- Age/chemical specific unitless [EPC]biota Chemical specific Chemical specific mg/kg ABSing Chemical specific Chemical specific unitless BW 15 15 kg EF 365 365 day/year ED 6 6 year AT -- 2190 day ATlifetime 25550 -- day I R 98 98 g/day C1 0.001 0.001 kg/g 1 /6/2016 Attachment R - Table 4.18 Risk Based Concentrations - Cancer -Based Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Biota Off -Site Fisher - OFF -SITE FISHER - SUBSISTENCE(ADULT) Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy COPC - chemical of potential concern ABS - absorption factor ABS - absorption factor NC - not carcinogenic by this exposure route CSF - cancer slope factor Exposure Routes Evaluated Ingestion Yes Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1E-04 RBC - risk based concentration NTV - no toxicity value available Intake Calculations COPC CASRN Intake,ng-ti— (mg/kg/day) Absorption Factors Cancer Toxicity Values RBC,ngefi.nEl ABSING (unitless) CSF... I (mg/kg/day)"t Aluminum 7429-90-5 NC NC NC Antimony 7440-36-0 NC NC NC Arsenic 7440-38-2 3.0E-04 1 1.5E+00 2.2E-01 2.2E-01 Barium 7440-39-3 NC NC NC Beryllium 7440-41-7 NC NC NC Boron 7440-42-8 NC NC NC Cadmium 7440-43-9 NC NC NC Calcium 7440-70-2 NC NC NC Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 NC NC NC Chromium III 16065-83-1 NC NC NC Cobalt 7440-48-4 NC NC NC Copper 7440-50-8 NC NC NC Iron 7439-89-6 NC NC NC Lead 7439-92-1 NC 1 NC Magnesium 7439-95-4 NC NC NC Manganese 7439-96-5 NC NC NC Mercury 7439-97-6 NC NC NC Molybdenum 7439-98-7 NC NC NC Nickel 7440-02-0 NC NC NC Potassium 7440-09-7 NC NC NC Selenium 7782-49-2 NC NC NC Sodium 7440-23-5 NC NC NC Strontium 7440-24-6 NC NC NC Thallium 7440-28-0 NC NC NC Titanium 7440-32-6 NC NC NC Vanadium 7440-62-2 NC NC NC Zinc 7440-66-6 NC NC NC Nitrate 14797-55-8 NC NC NC Sulfide 18496-25-8 NC NC NC Chromium A (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 3.0E-04 1 5.0E-01 6.6E-01 6.6E-01 Page 1 of 4 1 /6/2016 Attachment R - Table 4-18 Risk Based Concentrations - Non -cancer -Based Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Biota Off -Site Fisher - OFF -SITE FISHER - SUBSISTENCE(ADULT) Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy Exposure Routes Evaluated Ingestion Yes Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) r.npr. .. _ rh.-ir 1 of nnfanfial rnnrorn Rfn _ raforanra rinea NT/ _ nn Inririly vale is availahla ABS -absorption factor RBC - risk based concentration Intake Calculations Absorption Factors Non -Cancer Toxicity Values COPC CASRN Intakei„a,ml,, ABSINo RfDo,al RBCmyasmo RBCrol,i (mg/k /day) (unitless) (mg/kg/day) Aluminum 7429-90-5 2.1E-03 1 1.0E+00 4.7E+02 4.7E+02 Antimony 7440-36-0 2.1E-03 1 4.0E-04 1.9E-01 1.9E-01 Arsenic 7440-38-2 2.1E-03 1 3.0E-04 1.4E-01 1.4E-01 Barium 7440-39-3 2.1E-03 1 2.0E-01 9.4E+01 9.4E+01 Beryllium 744041-7 2.1E-03 1 2.0E-03 9.4E-01 9.4E-01 Boron 744042-8 2.1E-03 1 2.0E-01 9.4E+01 9.4E+01 Cadmium 744043-9 2.1E-03 1 1.0E-03 4.7E-01 4.7E-01 Calcium 7440-70-2 2.1E-03 1 NTV Chromium, Total 744047-3 2.1E-03 1 1.5E+00 7.1E+02 7.1E+02 Chromium III 16065-83-1 2.1E-03 1 1.5E+00 7.1E+02 7.1E+02 Cobalt 744048-4 2.1E-03 1 3.0E-04 1.4E-01 1.4E-01 Copper 7440-50-8 2.1E-03 1 4.0E-02 1.9E+01 1.9E+01 Iron 7439-89-6 2.1E-03 1 7.0E-01 3.3E+02 3.3E+02 Lead 7439-92-1 2.1 E-03 1 NTV Magnesium 7439-95-4 2.1E-03 1 NTV Manganese 7439-96-5 2.1E-03 1 1.4E-01 6.6E+01 6.6E+01 Mercury 7439-97-6 2.1E-03 1 3.0E-04 1.4E-01 1.4E-01 Molybdenum 7439-98-7 2.1E-03 1 5.0E-03 2.4E+00 2.4E+00 Nickel 7440-02-0 2.1E-03 1 2.0E-02 9.4E+00 9.4E+00 Potassium 7440-09-7 2.1E-03 1 NTV Selenium 778249-2 2.1E-03 1 5.0E-03 2.4E+00 2.4E+00 Sodium 7440-23-5 2.1E-03 1 NTV Strontium 7440-24-6 2.1E-03 1 6.0E-01 2.8E+02 2.8E+02 Thallium 7440-28-0 2.1E-03 1 1.0E-05 4.7E-03 4.7E-03 Titanium 7440-32-6 2.1E-03 1 NTV Vanadium 7440-62-2 2.1E-03 1 5.0E-03 2.4E+00 2.4E+00 Zinc 7440-66-6 2.1E-03 1 3.0E-01 1.4E+02 1.4E+02 Nitrate 14797-55-8 2.1E-03 1 1.6E+00 7.5E+02 7.5E+02 Sulfide 18496-25-8 2.1E-03 1 NTV Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 2.1E-03 1 3.0E-03 1.4E+00 1.4E+00 Page 2 of 4 1/6/2016 Page 3 of 4 Attachment R - Table 4-18 Risk Based Concentration Summary Derivation of Risk Based Concentrations - Biota Off -Site Fisher - OFF -SITE FISHER - SUBSISTENCE(ADULT) Exposure Routes Evaluated Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Ingestion Yes Duke Energy Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1 E+00 Taraet Cancer Risk (Der Chemical) 1 E-04 - chemical of potential concern nc - risk based concentration based on non -cancer hazard index c - risk based concentration based on cancer risk NA - no toxicity value available; risk based concentration not calculated COPC CASRN Risk Based Concentration Non -Cancer (mg/kg) Cancer (mg/kg) Final (mg/kg) Basis Aluminum /4Z`J-`JU-0 4./t*Uz 4./t*Uz nc Antimony 7440-36-0 1.9E-01 1.9E-01 nc Arsenic 7440-38-2 1.4E-01 2.2E-01 1.4E-01 nc Barium 7440-39-3 9.4E+01 9.4E+01 nc Beryllium 7440-41-7 9.4E-01 9.4E-01 nc Boron 7440-42-8 9.4E+01 9.4E+01 nc Cadmium 7440-43-9 4.7E-01 4.7E-01 nc Calcium 7440-70-2 NA Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 7.1E+02 7.1E+02 nc Chromium III 16065-83-1 7.1E+02 7.1E+02 nc Cobalt 7440-48-4 1.4E-01 1.4E-01 nc Copper 7440-50-8 1.9E+01 1.9E+01 nc Iron 7439-89-6 3.3E+02 3.3E+02 nc Lead 7439-92-1 NA Magnesium 7439-95-4 NA Manganese 7439-96-5 6.6E+01 6.6E+01 nc Mercury 7439-97-6 1.4E-01 1.4E-01 nc Molybdenum 7439-98-7 2.4E+00 2.4E+00 nc Nickel 7440-02-0 9.4E+00 9.4E+00 nc Potassium 7440-09-7 NA Selenium 7782-49-2 2.4E+00 2.4E+00 nc Sodium 7440-23-5 NA Strontium 7440-24-6 2.8E+02 2.8E+02 nc Thallium 7440-28-0 4.7E-03 4.7E-03 nc Titanium 7440-32-6 NA Vanadium 7440-62-2 2.4E+00 2.4E+00 nc Zinc 7440-66-6 1.4E+02 1.4E+02 nc Nitrate 14797-55-8 7.5E+02 7.5E+02 nc Sulfide 18496-25-8 NA Chromium VI (hexavalent) 18540-29-9 1.4E+00 6.6E-01 6.6E-01 c 1 /6/2016 Table 4-18 Risk Based Concentration Calculations Human Health Risk Assessment for CAMA Sites Duke Energy cer-Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion RBCingestion - TR / Intakeing * CSF Intakeing (age group x) - [EPC]biota * IR * ABSING * EF * ED * C1 BWx * ATlifetime Noncancer-Risk Based Concentration for Ingestion RBC - THI ngestion - Intakeing / RfD Intakeing- [EPC]biote * IR * ABSing * EF * ED * C1 _ BW*AT Page 4 of 4 Parameter Value - Cancer Value - Non -Cancer Units CSF Chemical specific -- (mg/kg-day) Intake Age/chemical specific -- mg/kg-day ELCR Age/chemical specific -- unitless RfD -- Chemical specific mg/kg-day HQ -- Age/chemical specific unitless [EPC]biota Chemical specific Chemical specific mg/kg ABSing Chemical specific Chemical specific unitless BW 80 80 kg EF 365 365 day/year ED 10 10 year AT -- 3650 day ATlifetime 25550 -- day I R 170 170 g/day C1 0.001 0.001 kg/g 1 /6/2016 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra ATTACHMENT 5 HUMAN HEALTH EXPOSURE POINT CONCENTRATION TABLES ATTACHMENT 5 TABLE 5-1 SUMMARY OF EXPOSURE POINT CONCENTRATIONS HUMAN HEALTH - GROUNDWATER HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT MARSHALL STEAM STATION DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, TERRELL, NC Constituent Reporting Units Number of Samples Frequency of Detection Minimum Detected Concentration Maximum Detected Concentration Mean of Detected Concentration Type of UCL Selected UCL (a) EPC cb) EPC (mg/L) Aluminum Ng/L 1,223 645 4.109 8,160 380.2 95% KM (Chebyshev) UCL 302.9 302.9 0.3029 Antimony Ng/L 1,711 281 0.084 3.8 0.378 95% KM (Chebyshev) UCL 0.279 0.279 0.000279 Arsenic Ng/L 1,768 1,485 0.04 884 1.938 95% KM (Chebyshev) UCL 4.159 4.159 0.004159 Barium Ng/L 1,769 1,769 4.985 2,830 144.4 95% Chebyshev (Mean, Sd) UCL 169.1 169.1 0.1691 Beryllium Ng/L 1,703 851 0.01 9.9 0.529 95% KM (Chebyshev) UCL 0.385 0.385 0.000385 Boron Ng/L 1,754 1,004 2.8 30,900 2,065 95% KM (Chebyshev) UCL 1,477 1,477 1.477 Cadmium Ng/L 1,768 429 0.024 7.5 0.366 95% KM (Chebyshev) UCL 0.168 0.168 0.000168 Chromium (Total) Ng/L 1,768 1,483 0.091 202 3.011 95% KM (Chebyshev) UCL 3.415 3.415 0.003415 Chromium (VI) Ng/L 1,130 828 0.0087 17 0.903 95% KM (Chebyshev) UCL 0.854 0.854 0.000854 Cobalt Ng/L 1,703 1,489 0.01 348 9.266 95% KM (Chebyshev) UCL 10.96 10.96 0.01096 Lithium Ng/L 859 810 0.16 420 9.819 95% KM (Chebyshev) UCL 13.05 13.05 0.01305 Manganese Ng/L 1,402 1,276 0.2 25,900 590.6 95% KM (Chebyshev) UCL 755 755 0.755 Mercury Ng/L 1,657 149 0.007 1.4 0.18 95% KM (Chebyshev) UCL 0.0719 0.0719 0.0000719 Molybdenum Ng/L 1,665 1,137 0.069 103 1.95 95% KM (Chebyshev) UCL 2.007 2.007 0.002007 Nickel Ng/L 1,401 1,134 0.13 248 6.839 95% KM (Chebyshev) UCL 7.277 7.277 0.007277 Radium (Total) pCi/L 954 954 0 107 2.979 95% Chebyshev (Mean, Sd) UCL 3.749 3.749 NA Selenium Ng/L 1,768 687 0.088 109 8.856 95% KM (Chebyshev) UCL 4.939 4.939 0.004939 Strontium Ng/L 1,290 1,283 3.7 18,700 1,451 95% KM (Chebyshev) UCL 1,700 1,700 1.7 Thallium Ng/L 1,711 447 0.015 3.6 0.248 95% KM (Chebyshev) UCL 0.127 0.127 0.000127 Vanadium Ng/L 1,327 1,136 0.069 15.4 1.795 95% KM (Chebyshev) UCL 1.837 1.837 0.001837 Zinc /L 1,290 1 808 1 1.766 1 357 1 16.36 1 95% KM (Chebyshev UCL 15.2 15.2 0.0152 * Data evaluated includes data from 2015 to 2nd quarter 2019, unless otherwise noted Notes: EPC - exposure point concentration pg/L - micrograms per liter mg/L - milligrams per liter UCL - 95% Upper Confidence Limit Prepared by HES Checked by ARD (a) - The 95% UCL values are calculated using the ProUCL software (V. 5.0; USEPA, 2013a). The ProUCL software performs a goodness -of -fit test that accounts for data sets without any non -detect observations, as well as data sets with non - detect observations. The software then determines the distribution of the data set for which the EPC is being derived (e.g., normal, lognormal, gamma, or non -discernable), and then calculates a conservative and stable 95% UCL value in accordance with the framework described in "Calculating Upper Confidence Limits for Exposure Point Concentrations at Hazardous Waste Sites" (USEPA, 2002b). The software includes numerous algorithms for calculating 95% UCL values, and provides a recommended UCL value based on the algorithm that is most applicable to the statistical distribution of the data set. Sample size was greater than or equal to 10 and the number of detected values was greater than or equal to 6, therefore, a 95% UCL was calculated by ProUCL. The UCL shown is the one recommended by ProUCL. If more than one UCL was recommended, the higher UCL was selected. (b) - The EPC is the lesser of the maximum detected concentration and the calculated 95% UCL. Where too few samples or detects are available, the maximum detected concentration is used as the EPC. Page 1 of 1 ATTACHMENT 5 TABLE 5-2 SUMMARY OF EXPOSURE POINT CONCENTRATIONS HUMAN HEALTH - SEDIMENT HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT MARSHALL STEAM STATION DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, TERRELL, NC Minimum Maximum Type of Constituent Reporting Number of Frequency of Detected Detected Mean Detected UCL UCL (a) EPC (b) Units Samples Detection Concentration Concentration Concentration Selected Aluminum mg/kg 9 9 6,600 37,000 19,211 --- --- 37,000 Arsenic mg/kg 9 7 1.1 5.9 2.21 --- --- 5.9 Cobalt mg/kg 9 9 3 24 8.78 --- --- 24 Manganese mg/kg 9 9 64 540 214 --- --- 540 Thallium mg/kg 9 8 0 0.62 0.306 --- --- 0.62 * Data evaluated includes data from 2015 to 2nd quarter 2019, unless otherwise noted Notes: not a COPC for this media 95% UCL was not calculated due to insufficient sample size or frequency of detection EPC - exposure point concentration mg/kg - milligrams per kilogram NA - Not applicable UCL - 95% Upper Confidence Limit Prepared by: HES Checked by: ARD (a) - The 95% UCL values are calculated using the ProUCL software (V. 5.0; USEPA, 2013a). The ProUCL software performs a goodness -of -fit test that accounts for data sets without any non -detect observations, as well as data sets with non -detect observations. The software then determines the distribution of the data set for which the EPC is being derived (e.g., normal, lognormal, gamma, or non -discernable), and then calculates a conservative and stable 95% UCL value in accordance with the framework described in "Calculating Upper Confidence Limits for Exposure Point Concentrations at Hazardous Waste Sites" (USEPA, 2002b). The software includes numerous algorithms for calculating 95% UCL values, and provides a recommended UCL value based on the algorithm that is most applicable to the statistical distribution of the data set. Sample size was greater than or equal to 10 and the number of detected values was greater than or equal to 6, therefore, a 95% UCL was calculated by ProUCL. The UCL shown is the one recommended by ProUCL. If more than one UCL was recommended, the higher UCL was selected. (b) - The EPC is the lesser of the maximum detected concentration and the calculated 95% UCL. Where too few samples or detects are available, the maximum detected concentration is used as the EPC. Page 1 of 1 ATTACHMENT 5 TABLE 5-3 SUMMARY OF EXPOSURE POINT CONCENTRATIONS HUMAN HEALTH - SURFACE WATER HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT MARSHALL STEAM STATION DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, TERRELL, NC Constituent Number of Samples Frequency of Detection Minimum Detected Concentration Maximum Detected Concentration Mean Detected Concentration Type of UCL Selected UCL (a) EPC fn> EPC (mg/L) Aluminum 54 47 57.5 701 196.4 95% KM (Chebyshev) UCL 277 276.6 0.2766 Boron 80 60 31.8 3,500 433.8 95% KM (Chebyshev) UCL 611 611 0.6112 Chromium(VI) 52 31 0.016 1.1 0.183 95% KM (Chebyshev) UCL 0.272 0.272 0.000272 Cobalt 55 53 0.061 24.6 2.086 KM H-UCL 3.882 3.882 0.003882 Manganese 55 55 18.4 1,600 502.6 95% Chebyshev (Mean, Sd) UCL 694 1 694.3 1 0.6943 Zinc 80 1 42 1 2.7 1 9.2 1 4.878 1 95% KM (t) UCL 4.82 1 4.82 1 0.00482 * Data evaluated includes data from 2015 to 2nd quarter 2019, unless otherwise noted Notes: EPC - exposure point concentration pg/L - micrograms per liter mg/L - milligrams per liter UCL - 95% Upper Confidence Limit Prepared by: HES Checked by: ARD (a) - The 95% UCL values are calculated using the ProUCL software (V. 5.0; USEPA, 2013a). The ProUCL software performs a goodness -of -fit test that accounts for data sets without any non -detect observations, as well as data sets with non -detect observations. The software then determines the distribution of the data set for which the EPC is being derived (e.g., normal, lognormal, gamma, or non -discernable), and then calculates a conservative and stable 95% UCL value in accordance with the framework described in "Calculating Upper Confidence Limits for Exposure Point Concentrations at Hazardous Waste Sites" (USEPA, 2002b). The software includes numerous algorithms for calculating 95% UCL values, and provides a recommended UCL value based on the algorithm that is most applicable to the statistical distribution of the data set. Sample size was greater than or equal to 10 and the number of detected values was greater than or equal to 6, therefore, a 95% UCL was calculated by ProUCL. The UCL shown is the one recommended by ProUCL. If more than one UCL was recommended, the higher UCL was selected. (b) - The EPC is the lesser of the maximum detected concentration and the calculated 95% UCL. Where too few samples or detects are available, the maximum detected concentration is used as the EPC. Page 1 of 1 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station ATTACHMENT G HUMAN HEALTH RISK ESTIMATES SynTerra ATTACHMENT 6 TABLE 6-1 SUMMARY OF ON -SITE GROUNDWATER EPC/RBC COMPARISON CONSTRUCTION - CONSTRUCTION WORKER (ADULT) HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT MARSHALL STEAM STATION DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, TERRELL, NC COPC CAS Risk -Based Concentration Ash Basin- Groundwater Risk Ratio Non -Cancer Cancer Final Basis Exposure Point Concentration Non -Cancer Cancer (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) Aluminum 7429-90-5 9.6E+04 nc 9.6E+04 nc 0.3 0.000003 nc Antimony 7440-36-0 1.7E+01 nc 1.7E+01 nc 0.0003 0.00002 nc Arsenic 7440-38-2 2.9E+01 4.5E+02 2.9E+01 nc 0.004 0.0001 9.29E-06 Barium 7440-39-3 5.0E+03 nc 5.0E+03 nc 0.2 0.00003 nc Beryllium 7440-41-7 4.8E+02 nc 4.8E+02 nc 0.0004 0.000001 nc Boron 7440-42-8 1.9E+04 nc 1.9E+04 nc 1 0.00008 nc Cadmium 7440-43-9 1.0E+01 nc 1.0E+01 nc 0.0002 0.00002 nc Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 8.6E+03 nc 8.6E+03 nc 0.003 0.0000004 nc Chromium (VI) 18540-29-9 2.8E+01 7.6E+01 2.8E+01 nc 0.001 0.00003 1.13E-05 Cobalt 7440-48-4 3.3E+02 nc 3.3E+02 nc 0.01 0.00003 nc Lithium 7439-93-2 NA 0.01 NC nc Manganese 7439-96-5 2.2E+03 nc 2.2E+03 nc 0.7550 0.0003 nc Mercury 7439-97-6 5.0E+01 nc 5.0E+01 nc 0.0001 0.000001 nc Molybdenum 7439-98-7 4.8E+02 nc 4.8E+02 nc 0.002 0.000004 nc Nickel 7440-02-0 1.0E+03 nc 1.0E+03 nc 0.007 0.00001 nc Radium (Total) NA NA NC nc Selenium 7782-49-2 4.8E+02 nc 4.8E+02 nc 0.005 0.00001 nc Strontium 7440-24-6 1.9E+05 nc 1.9E+05 nc 1.7 0.000009 nc Thallium 7440-28-0 NA 0.0001 NC nc Vanadium 7440-62-2 9.6E+02 nc 9.6E+02 nc 0.002 0.000002 nc Zinc 7440-66-6 3.1E+04 nc 3.1E+04 nc 0.02 0.0000005 nc Cumulative Ratio 1 0.001 1 2.05E-05 Cumulative ELCR I 2.05E-09 Notes: COPC - Chemical of potential concern c - Remedial goal based on cancer risk mg/L - milligrams per liter nc - Remedial goal based on non -cancer hazard index NA - No toxicity value available; remedial goal not calculated NC - Not Calculated Groundwater at the site is not used for drinking water. Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Dermal Contact Yes Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1E+00 Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) IE-04 Prepared by: HHS Checked by: TCP Page 1 of 1 ATTACHMENT 6 TABLE 6-2 SUMMARY OF OFF -SITE SEDIMENT EPC/RBC COMPARISON RECREATIONAL SWIMMER - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT MARSHALL STEAM STATION DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, TERRELL, NC COPC CAS Risk -Based Concentration Sediment Risk Ratio Non -Cancer Cancer Final Basis Exposure Point Concentration Non -Cancer Cancer (mg/kg) (mg/kg) (mg/kg) (mg/kg) Aluminum 7429-90-5 1.2E+07 nc 1.2E+07 nc 37000 0.003 nc Arsenic 7440-38-2 1.5E+03 1.4E+03 1.4E+03 c 5.9 0.004 4.11E-03 Cobalt 7440-48-4 3.7E+03 nc 3.7E+03 nc 24 0.007 nc Manganese 7439-96-5 1.7E+06 nc 1.7E+06 nc 540 0.0003 nc Thallium 7440-32-6 1 NA 0.62 NC nc Cumulative Ratio 0.014 4.11E-03 Cumulative ELCR 4.11E-07 Notes: COPC - Chemical of potential concern c - Remedial goal based on cancer risk mg/kg- milligram/kilogram nc - remedial goal based on non -cancer hazard index NA - No toxicity value available; remedial goal not calculated NC - Not Calculated Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Dermal Contact Yes Particulate Inhalation No Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1E+00 Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1E-04 Prepared by: HHS Checked by: TCP Page 1of1 ATTACHMENT 6 TABLE 6-3 SUMMARY OF OFF -SITE SURFACE WATER EPC/RBC COMPARISON RECREATIONAL SWIMMER - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT MARSHALL STEAM STATION DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, TERRELL, NC COPC CAS Risk -Based Concentration Surface Water Risk Ratio Non -Cancer Cancer Final Basis Exposure Point Concentration Non -Cancer Cancer (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) Aluminum 7429-90-5 1.1E+03 nc 1.1E+03 nc 0.3 0.0003 nc Boron 7440-42-8 2.2E+02 nc 2.2E+02 nc 1 0.00 nc Chromium (VI) 18540-29-9 3.3E-01 2.0E-02 2.0E-02 c 0.0003 0.001 1.4E-02 Cobalt 7440-48-4 3.5E-01 nc 3.5E-01 nc 0.004 0.01 nc Manganese 7439-96-5 4.1E+01 nc 4.1E+01 nc 0.7 0.02 nc Zinc 7440-66-6 3.4E+02 nc 3.4E+02 nc 0.005 NC nc Cumulative Ratio 1 0.03 1 1.4E-02 Cumulative ELCR 1.4E-06 Notes: COPC - Chemical of potential concern c - Remedial goal based on cancer risk mg/L - milligrams per liter nc - Remedial goal based on non -cancer hazard index Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Dermal Contact Yes Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1E+00 Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 5E-04 Prepared by: HHS Checked by: TCP Page 1 of 1 ATTACHMENT 6 TABLE 6-4 SUMMARY OF OFF -SITE SEDIMENT EPC/RBC COMPARISON RECREATIONAL WADER - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT MARSHALL STEAM STATION DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, TERRELL, NC COPC CAS Risk -Based Concentration Sediment Risk Ratio Non -Cancer Cancer Final Basis Exposure Point Concentration Non -Cancer Cancer (mg/kg) (mg/kg) (mg/kg) (mg/kg) Aluminum 7429-90-5 1.2E+07 nc 1.2E+07 nc 37000 0.003 nc Arsenic 7440-38-2 3.2E+03 3.6E+03 3.2E+03 nc 5.9 0.002 1.62E-03 Cobalt 7440-48-4 3.7E+03 nc 3.7E+03 nc 24 0.007 nc Manganese 7439-96-5 1.7E+06 nc 1.7E+06 nc 540 0.0003 nc Thallium 7440-28-0 1 1.2E+02 nc 1.2E+02 nc 0.62 0.005 nc Cumulative Ratio 1 0.017 1 1.6E-03 Cumulative ELCR I1.6E-07 Notes: COPC - Chemical of potential concern c - Remedial goal based on cancer risk mg/kg - milligrams per kilogram nc - Remedial goal based on non -cancer hazard index Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Dermal Contact Yes Particulate Inhalation No Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1E+00 Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1E-04 Prepared by: HHS Checked by: TCP Page 1 of 1 ATTACHMENT 6 TABLE 6-5 SUMMARY OF OFF -SITE SURFACE WATER EPC/RBC COMPARISON RECREATIONAL WADER - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT MARSHALL STEAM STATION DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, TERRELL, NC COPC CAS Risk -Based Concentration Surface Water Risk Ratio Non -Cancer Cancer Final Basis Exposure Point Concentration Non -Cancer Cancer (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) Aluminum 7429-90-5 1.2E+03 nc 1.2E+03 nc 0.3 0.0002 nc Boron 7440-42-8 2.4E+02 nc 2.4E+02 nc 1 0.003 nc Chromium (VI) 18540-29-9 9.5E-01 8.3E-02 8.3E-02 c 0.0003 0.0003 3.3E-03 Cobalt 7440-48-4 3.6E-01 nc 3.6E-01 nc 0.004 0.01 nc Manganese 7439-96-5 1 9.0E+01 nc 9.0E+01 nc 1 0.7 1 0.01 nc Zinc 7440-66-6 1 3.6E+02 nc 3.6E+02 nc 1 0.005 1 0.00001 nc Cumulative Ratio 0.02 1 3.3E-03 Cumulative ELCR I I 3.3E-07 Notes: COPC . Chemical of potential concern c - Remedial goal based on cancer risk mg/L - milligrams per liter nc - Remedial goal based on non -cancer hazard index Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion Yes Dermal Contact Yes Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 5E+00 Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1E-04 Prepared by: HHS Checked by: TCP Page 1 of 1 ATTACHMENT 6 TABLE 6-6 SUMMARY OF OFF -SITE SURFACE WATER EPC/RBC COMPARISON RECREATIONAL BOATER - RECREATIONAL BOATER (ADULT) HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT MARSHALL STEAM STATION DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, TERRELL, NC COPC CAS Risk -Based Concentration Surface Water Risk Ratio Non -Cancer Cancer Final Basis Exposure Point Concentration Non -Cancer Cancer (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) Aluminum 7429-90-5 5.6E+04 nc 5.6E+04 nc 0.3 0.000005 nc Boron 7440-42-8 1.1E+04 nc 1.1E+04 nc 1 0.0001 nc Chromium (VI) 18540-29-9 2.1E+00 9.8E-01 9.8E-01 C 0.0003 0.0003 2.8E-04 Cobalt 7440-48-4 4.2E+01 nc 4.2E+01 nc 0.004 0.0001 nc Manganese 7439-96-5 3.1E+02 nc 3.1E+02 nc 0.7 0.002 nc Zinc 7440-66-6 1 2.8E+04 nc 2.8E+04 nc 1 0.005 1 0.0000002 nc Cumulative Ratio 1 0.0026 1 2.8E-04 Cumulative ELCR I I 2.8E-08 Notes: COPC - Chemical of potential concern c - Remedial goal based on cancer risk mg/L - milligrams per liter nc - Remedial goal based on non -cancer hazard index Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion No Dermal Contact Yes Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1E+00 Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1E-04 Prepared by: HHS Checked by: TCP Page 1 of 1 ATTACHMENT 6 TABLE 6-7 SUMMARY OF OFF -SITE SURFACE WATER EPC/RBC COMPARISON RECREATIONAL FISHER - RECREATIONAL FISHER (ADULT) HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT MARSHALL STEAM STATION DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, TERRELL, NC COPC CAS Risk -Based Concentration Surface Water Risk Ratio Non -Cancer Cancer Final Basis Exposure Point Concentration Non -Cancer Cancer (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) Aluminum 7429-90-5 5.6E+04 nc 5.6E+04 nc 0.3 0.000005 nc Boron 7440-42-8 1.1E+04 nc 1.1E+04 nc 1 0.0001 nc Chromium (VI) 18540-29-9 2.1E+00 9.8E-01 9.8E-01 c 0.0003 0.0003 2.8E-04 Cobalt 7440-48-4 4.2E+01 nc 4.2E+01 nc 0.004 0.0001 nc Manganese 7439-96-5 1 3.1E+02 I nc I 3.1E+02 I nc 1 0.7 0.002 nc Zinc 7440-66-6 1 2.8E+04 I nc I 2.8E+04 I nc I 0.005 0.0000002 1 nc Cumulative Ratio 1 0.003 I 2.8E-04 Cumulative ELCR II 2.8E-08 Notes: COPC - Chemical of potential concern c - Remedial goal based on cancer risk mg/L - milligrams per liter nc - Remedial goal based on non -cancer hazard index Exposure Routes Evaluated Incidental Ingestion No Dermal Contact Yes Ambient Vapor Inhalation No Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1E+00 Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1E-04 Prepared by: HHS Checked by: TCP Page 1 of 1 ATTACHMENT 6 TABLE 6-8 SUMMARY OF FISH TISSUE EPC/RBC COMPARISON FISHER - RECREATIONAL(ADULT AND ADOLESCENT) HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT MARSHALL STEAM STATION DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, TERRELL, NC Risk -Based Concentration - Fish Tissue Risk -Based Concentration - Surface Water Surface Water Risk Ratio Adult Adolescent Lowest Non-CAS Cancer RBC Value Lowest Cancer RBC Value BCF (unitless) Non -Cancer Cancer Final Basis Non -Cancer Cancer Final Basis Non -Cancer Cancer Final Basis Exposure Point Concentration Non -Cancer Cancer (mg/kg) (mg/kg) (mg/kg) (mg/kg) (mg/kg) (mg/kg) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) Aluminum 7429-90-5 4.6E+03 nc 4.6E+03 nc 5.8E+03 nc 5.8E+03 nc 4.6E+03 nc 2.7 1.7E+03 nc 1.7E+03 nc 0.3 0.0002 nc Boron 7440-42-8 9.1E+02 nc 9.1E+02 nc 1.2E+03 nc 1.2E+03 nc 9.1E+02 nc 0.3 3.0E+03 nc 3.0E+03 nc 1 0.0002 nc Chromium (VI) 18540-29-9 1.4E+01 6.4E+00 6.4E+00 C 1.7E+01 2.7E+00 2.7E+00 C 1.4E+01 2.7E+00 200 6.9E-02 1.4E-02 1.4E-02 C 0.0003 0.004 0.02 Cobalt 7440-48-4 1.4E+00 nc 1.4E+00 nc 1.7E+00 nc 1.7E+00 nc 1.4E+00 nc 300 4.6E-03 nc 4.6E-03 nc 0.004 0.8 nc Manganese 7439-96-5 6.4E+02 nc 6.4E+02 nc 8.1E+02 nc 8.1E+02 nc 6.4E+02 nc 2.4 2.7E+02 nc 2.7E+02 nc 0.7 0.003 nc Zinc 7440-66-6 1.4E+03 nc 1.4E+03 nc 1.7E+03 nc 1.7E+03 nc 1.4E+03 nc 2059 6.7E-01 nc 6.7E-01 nc 0.005 0.01 nc Cumulative Ratio 0.9 2.0E-02 Cumulative ELCR 2.0E-06 Notes: BCF - Bioconcentration Factor COPC - Chemical of potential concern c - Remedial goal based on cancer risk mg/kg - milligrams per kilogram mg/L - milligrams per liter nc - Remedial goal based on non -cancer hazard index Surface water RBC = Fish Tissue RBC / BCF Exposure Routes Evaluated Ingestion Yes Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1E+00 Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1E-04 Prepared by: HHS Checked by: TCP Page 1 of 1 ATTACHMENT 6 TABLE 6-9 SUMMARY OF FISH TISSUE EPC/RBC COMPARISON FISHER - SUBSISTENCE (ADULT AND CHILD) HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT MARSHALL STEAM STATION DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, TERRELL, NC Risk -Based Concentration - Fish Tissue Lowest isk-Based Concentration - Surface Wat Surface Water Risk Ratio Lowest Adult Child Non- Cancer BCF COPC CAS Cancer RBC (unitless) Non -Cancer Cancer Final Non -Cancer Cancer Final Non -Cancer Cancer Final Exposure Point RBC Value Value Basis Basis Basis Concentration on Non -Cancer Cancer (mg/kg) (mg/kg) (mg/kg) (mg/kg) (mg/kg) (mg/kg) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) Aluminum 7429-90-5 4.7E+02 nc 4.7E+02 nc 1.5E+02 nc 1.5E+02 nc 1.5E+02 nc 2.7 5.7E+01 nc 5.7E+01 nc 0.3 0.005 nc Boron 7440-42-8 9.4E+01 nc 9.4E+01 nc 3.1E+01 nc 3.1E+01 nc 3.1E+01 nc 0.3 1.0E+02 nc 1.0E+02 nc 1 0.01 nc Chromium (VI) 18540-29-9 1.4E+00 6.6E-01 6.6E-01 C 4.6E-01 3.6E-02 3.6E-02 C 4.6E-01 3.6E-02 200 2.3E-03 1.8E-04 1.8E-04 c 0.0003 0.12 1.511 Cobalt 7440-48-4 1.4E-01 nc 1.4E-01 nc 4.6E-02 nc 4.6E-02 nc 4.6E-02 nc 300 1.5E-04 nc 1.5E-04 nc 0.004 25 nc Manganese 7439-96-5 6.6E+01 nc 6.6E+01 nc 2.1E+01 nc 2.1E+01 nc 2.1E+01 nc 2.4 8.9E+00 nc 8.9E+00 nc 0.7 0.08 nc Zinc 7440-66-6 1.4E+02 nc 1.4E+02 nc 4.6E+01 nc 4.6E+01 nc 4.6E+01 nc 2059 2.2E-02 nc 2.2E-02 nc 0.005 0.2 nc Cumulative Ratio 1 26 1.51E+00 Cumulative ELCR I 1.5E-04 Notes: BCF - Bioconcentration Factor COPC - Chemical of potential concern c - Remedial goal based on cancer risk mg/kg - milligrams per kilogram mg/L - milligrams per liter nc - remedial goal based on non -cancer hazard index Surface water RBC = Fish Tissue RBC / BCF There is no evidence of subsistence fishing occuring in the waterbody evaluated. Exposure Routes Evaluated Ingestion Yes Target Hazard Index (per Chemical) 1E+00 Target Cancer Risk (per Chemical) 1E-04 Prepared by: HHS Checked by: TCP Page 1 of 1 ATTACHMENT 6 TABLE 6-10 SUMMARY OF EXPOSURE POINT CONCENTRATION COMPARISON TO RISK -BASED CONCENTRATION HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT MARSHALL STEAM STATION DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, TERRELL, NC Source Table Media Exposure Pathway Cumulative HI by Media Cumulative HI by Receptor Cumulative ELCR by Media Cumulative ELCR by Receptor TABLE 6-1 Groundwater -On -Site CONSTRUCTION - CONSTRUCTION WORKER (ADULT) 0.001 0.001 2.05E-09 2.05E-09 TABLE 6-2 Sediment- Off -Site OFF -SITE RECREATIONAL SWIMMER - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT 0.014 0.046 4.11E-07 1.79E-06 TABLE 6-3 Surface Water- Off -Site OFF -SITE RECREATIONAL SWIMMER - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT 0.03 1.38E-06 TABLE 6-4 Sediment- Off -Site OFF -SITE RECREATIONAL WADER - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT 0.017 0.038 1.62E-07 3.27E-07 TABLE 6-5 Surface Water- Off -Site OFF -SITE RECREATIONAL WADER - CHILD, ADOLESCENT, and ADULT 0.02 3.27E-07 TABLE 6-6 Surface Water- Off -Site OFF -SITE RECREATIONAL BOATER - OFF -SITE RECREATIONAL BOATER (ADULT) 0.003 0.003 2.77E-08 2.77E-08 TABLE 6-7 Surface Water- Off -Site OFF -SITE RECREATIONAL FISHER (ADULT) 0.003 0.003 2.77E-08 2.77E-08 TABLE 6-8 Biota (fish)- Off -Site OFF -SITE FISHER - RECREATIONAL (ADULT AND ADOLESCENT) 0.9 0.9 2.01E-06 2.01E-06 TABLE 6-9 Biota (fish)- Off -Site OFF -SITE FISHER - SUBSISTENCE (ADULT AND ADOLESCENT) 26 26 1.51E-04 1.51E-04 Prepared by: HHS Checked by: TCP Notes: COPC - constituent of potential concern HI - hazard index The cumulative risk for potential carcinogenic effects is referred to as the excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR). The ELCR is the likelihood of contracting cancer over and above the background cancer rate. The risk value is also expressed as a probability (1E-04). The total non -carcinogenic risk ratios for all COPCs that may produce non -carcinogenic health effects will be summed for each medium, for each exposure scenario. Bold font indicates an exceedance of HI=1 or ELCR 1 x 10-4. Page 1 of 1 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station ATTACHMENT 7 ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE POINT CONCENTRATION TABLES SynTerra ATTACHMENT 7 TABLE 7-1 SUMMARY OF EXPOSURE POINT CONCENTRATIONS ECOLOGICAL - SEDIMENT HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT MARSHALL STEAM STATION DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, TERRELL, NC Constituent Reporting Units Number of Samples Frequency of Detection Minimum Detected Concentration Maximum Detected Concentration Mean Detected Concentration Type ofUCL UCL Selected (a) EPC tb) Aluminum mg/kg 8 8 7,400 37,000 20,788 --- --- 37,000 Barium mg/kg 8 8 59 190 114.1 --- --- 190 Chromium (Total) mg/kg 8 8 13 69 37.7 --- --- 69 Cobalt mg/kg 8 8 2.7 24 9.35 --- --- 24 Copper mg/kg 8 8 5.9 35 17.79 --- --- 35 Manganese mg/kg 8 8 64 540 212.4 --- --- 540 Nickel mg/kg 8 8 4.8 30 14.81 --- --- 30 Selenium mg/kg 8 6 0.66 4.1 2.093 --- --- 4.1 * Data evaluated includes data from 2015 to 2nd quarter 2019, unless otherwise Prepared by: HES Checked by: ARD Notes: not a COPC for this media 95% UCL was not calculated due to insufficient sample size or frequency of detection EPC - exposure point concentration mg/kg - milligrams per kilogram NA - Not applicable UCL - 95% Upper Confidence Limit (a) - The 95% UCL values are calculated using the ProUCL software (V. 5.0; USEPA, 2013a). The ProUCL software performs a goodness -of -fit test that accounts for data sets without any non -detect observations, as well as data sets with non -detect observations. The software then determines the distribution of the data set for which the EPC is being derived (e.g., normal, lognormal, gamma, or non - discernable), and then calculates a conservative and stable 95% UCL value in accordance with the framework described in 'Calculating Upper Confidence Limits for Exposure Point Concentrations at Hazardous Waste Sites" (USEPA, 2002b). The software includes numerous algorithms for calculating 95% UCL values, and provides a recommended UCL value based on the algorithm that is most applicable to the statistical distribution of the data set. Sample size was greater than or equal to 10 and the number of detected values was greater than or equal to 6, therefore, a 95% UCL was calculated by ProUCL. The UCL shown is the one recommended by ProUCL. If more than one UCL was recommended, the higher UCL was selected. (b) - The EPC is the lesser of the maximum detected concentration and the calculated 95% UCL. Where too few samples or detects are available, the maximum detected concentration is used as the EPC. Page 1 of 1 ATTACHMENT 7 TABLE 7-2 SUMMARY OF EXPOSURE POINT CONCENTRATIONS ECOLOGICAL - SURFACE WATER HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT MARSHALL STEAM STATION DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, TERRELL, NC Constituent Reporting Units Number of Samples Frequency of Detection Minimum Detected Concentration Maximum Detected Concentration Mean Detected Concentration Type of UCL Selected UCL tag EPC tb) EPC (mg/L) Aluminum pg/L 50 43 57.5 701 205.7 95% KM (Chebyshev) UCL 289.7 289.7 0.2897 Barium pg/L 56 56 12.3 140 38.43 95% Chebyshev (Mean, Sd) UCL 57.29 57.29 0.05729 Chromium (Total) ug/L 56 48 0.12 4.7 0.741 95% Chebyshev (Mean, Sd) UCL 1.242 1.242 0.001242 Cobalt pg/L 51 49 0.068 24.6 2.25 KM H-UCL 3.607 3.607 0.003607 Copper ug/L 56 52 0.13 7.4 1.298 95% KM (Chebyshev) UCL 1.813 1.813 0.001813 Manganese pg/L 51 51 18.4 1,600 537.6 95% Chebyshev (Mean, Sd) UCL 728.3 728.3 0.7283 Nickel Ng/L 56 38 0.24 12.7 1.833 95% KM Approximate Gamma UCL 1.945 1.945 0.001945 Selenium pg/L 56 14 0.25 2 1.079 95% KM (t) UCL 0.644 0.644 0.000644 * Data evaluated includes data from 2015 to 2nd quarter 2019, unless otherwise noted Notes: not a COPC for this media EPC - exposure point concentration Ng/L - micrograms per liter mg/L - milligrams per liter UCL - 95% Upper Confidence Limit Prepared by: HES Checked by: ARD (a) - The 95% UCL values are calculated using the ProUCL software (V. 5.0; USEPA, 2013a). The ProUCL software performs a goodness -of -fit test that accounts for data sets without any non -detect observations, as well as data sets with non -detect observations. The software then determines the distribution of the data set for which the EPC is being derived (e.g., normal, lognormal, gamma, or non -discernable), and then calculates a conservative and stable 95% UCL value in accordance with the framework described in "Calculating Upper Confidence Limits for Exposure Point Concentrations at Hazardous Waste Sites" (USEPA, 2002b). The software includes numerous algorithms for calculating 95% UCL values, and provides a recommended UCL value based on the algorithm that is most applicable to the statistical distribution of the data set. Sample size was greater than or equal to 10 and the number of detected values was greater than or equal to 6, therefore, a 95% UCL was calculated by ProUCL. The UCL shown is the one recommended by ProUCL. If more than one UCL was recommended, the higher UCL was selected. (b) - The EPC is the lesser of the maximum detected concentration and the calculated 95% UCL. Where too few samples or detects are available, the maximum detected concentration is used as the EPC. Page 1 of 1 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station ATTACHMENT 8 ECOLOGICAL RISK ESTIMATES SynTerra ATTACHMENT 8 TABLE 8-1 EXPOSURE PARAMETERS FOR ECOLOGICAL RECEPTORS ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE AREA 1 HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT MARSHALL STEAM STATION DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, TERRELL, NC Dietary Composition Seasonal Body Food Ingestion Water Home plants . Mammal/Terr Fish Invertebrates Birds Soil Parameter Weight Rate Ingestion Rate Range Use Factor e Vertebrates Algorithm ID BW IRF IRw PF AN AF A, AB SF HR SUF Units kg kg/kg BW/day L/kg BW/day % % % % % % hectaresi unitless HERBIVORE Muskrata 1.17 0.3 0.975 100% 0% 0% 0% 0% 2.0% 0.13 1 OMNIVORE L Q a Mallard Duck b 1.161 0.151 0.057 59% 0% 0% 38% 0% 3.3% 435 1 d d CARNIVORE M Bald Eagle` 3.75 0.077 0.036 0% 28% 58% 0% 13.5% 0.5% 2,687 1 PISCIVORE 0 C River Otter 6.76 0.11 0.081 0% 0% 90% 10% 0% 0% 348 1 V w Great Blue Herone 2.229 0.18 0.045 0% 1 0% 100% 0% 0% 2.8% 750 1 INSECTIVORE Killdeer' 0.0711 0.464 0.141 0.0% 1 0% 0% 81% 0% 19% 6 1 Prepared by: TCP Checked by: HES Notes: AB - Bird Ingestion Percentage Ar - Fish Ingestion Percentage Af - Invertebrate Ingestion Percentage AM - Mammal Ingestion Percentage BW - Body Weight HR - Home Range IR - Ingestion Rate kg - Kilograms kg/kg BW/day - Kilograms Food per Kilograms Body Weight per Day L/kg BW/day - Liters Water per Kilogram Body Weight per Day PF - Plant Matter Ingestion Percentage Sr - Soil Ingestion Percentage SUF - Seasonal Use Factor a BW, IRF, IRw, PF, and HR from USEPA 1993 (sections 2-340 and 2-341); SF from Beyer 1994 (—d—k—,.g-d-) b BW, IRw, Pr, A„ and HR from USEPA 1993 (sections 2-43 and 2-45); Sr from Beyer et al. 1994; IRF from Nagy 2001 (egoaz�on ro. omm�o�ous b�.de> e BW, IRF, IRw, PF, AD AM, AB (Haywood s ohman 1986), and HR from USEPA 1993 (sections 2-91 and 2-97) d BW (—haehmda 1978), IRw. AF. Al (Anderson s Woolf 1987) and HR from USEPA 1993 (sections 2-264 and 2-266); Sr from Sample and Suter 1994; IRF from Nagy 2001 e BW (Q—y 1982), IRw, IRF, PF, AD Al, and HR (Pameh e,S—, 1978) from USEPA 1993 (sections 2-8 and 2-9); SF from Beyer et al. 2003 )w;h--.gA, d-) 'BW from Dunning 1993; IRF from Nagy 2001 (eq__ fog inseamwo�oue bo-d,); IRw from USEPA 1993 (section 3.2.1, equation 3-15/3-16); SF from Beyer et al. 1994 �mea� of range, Af aeeumed m be r—,der); HR from Plissner et al. 2000 9 Seasonal Use Factor is set to a default of 1 to be conservative and protective of ecological receptors. Page 1 of 1 ATTACHMENT 8 TABLE 8-2 TOXICITY REFERENCE VALUES FOR ECOLOGICAL RECEPTORS ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE AREA 1 HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT MARSHALL STEAM STATION DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, TERRELL, NC TRVs (NOAEL) TRVs (LOAEL) Aquatic Aquatic Analyte Mallard Duck (mg/kg/day) Great Blue (Hero day) Killdeer (mg/kg/day) Bald Eagle (mg/kg/day) Muskrat (mg/kg/day) River Otter (mg/kg/day) Mallard Duck (mg/kg/day) Great Blue (mg Hero day) Killdeer (mg/kg/day) Bald Eagle (mg/kg/day) Muskrat (mg/kg/day) River Otter (mg/kg/day) Aluminum' 110 110 110 110 1.93 1.93 1100 1100 1100 1100 19.3 19.3 Barium` 20.8 20.8 20.8 20.8 51.8 51.8 41.7 41.7 41.7 41.7 75 75 Chromium, Total° 1 1 1 1 2740 2740 5 5 5 5 27400 27400 Cobalt' 7.61 7.61 7.61 7.61 7.33 7.33 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 10.9 10.9 Copper' 4.05 4.05 4.05 4.05 5.6 5.6 12.1 12.1 12.1 12.1 9.34 9.34 Manganese' 179 179 179 179 51.5 51.5 348 348 348 348 71 71 Nickel' 6.71 6.71 6.71 6.71 1.7 1.7 11.5 11.5 11.5 11.5 3.4 3.4 Selenium' 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.143 0.143 0.579 0.579 0.579 0.579 0.215 0.215 Notes: LOAEL - Lowest Observed Effects Level mg/kg/day - milligrams per Kilogram per Day NOAEL - No Observed Adverse Effects Level TRV - Toxicity Reference Value : CH2M Hill. 2014. Tier 2 Risk -Based Soil Concentrations Protective of Ecological Receptors at the Hanford Site. CHPRC-01311. Revision 2. July. Http://pdw.hanford.gov/arpir/pdf.cfm?accession=0088115 c Only a single paper (Johnson et al., 1960) with data on the toxicity of barium hydroxide to one avian species (chicken) was identified by USEPA (2005); therefore, an avian TRV could not be derived and an Eco-SSL could not be calculated for avian wildlife (calculation requires a minimum of three results for two test species). Johnson et al. (1960) reports a subchronic NOAEL of 208.26 mg/kg/d. The NOAEL was multiplied by an uncertainty factor of 0.1 to derive a very conservative TRV of 20.8 mg/kg/d. d Sample et al. 1996 Prepared by: TCP Checked by: HES Page 1 of 1 ATTACHMENT 8 TABLE 8-3 EXPOSURE AREA AND AREA USE FACTORS FOR ECOLOGICAL RECEPTORS ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE AREA 1 HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT MARSHALL STEAM STATION DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, TERRELL, NC Exposure Point Exposure Area' Area Use Factor (AUF) (hectares) Mallard Duck Great Blue Heron Killdeer Muskrat River Otter Bald Eagle ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE AREA 1 14.6 3.36% 1.95% 100% 100% 4.2% 0.54% Prepared by: TCP Checked by: HES Notes: a Ecological Exposure Area 1 is east of the active ash basin. It includes the shore of Lake Norman and a feeder stream as well as some open water habitat in Lake Norman. Page 1 of 1 ATTACHMENT 8 TABLE 8-4 EPCS FOR USE IN THE RISK ASSESSMENT ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE AREA 1 HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT MARSHALL STEAM STATION DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, TERRELL, NC COPC CASRN Aquatic EPCsa, b Sediment EPC Used in Risk Assessment` (mg/kg) Surface Water EPC Used in Risk Assessment (mg/L) Aluminum 7429-90-5 37,000 0.290 Barium 7440-39-3 190 0.057 Chromium, Total 7440-47-3 69 0.001 Cobalt 7440-48-4 24 0.004 Copper 7440-50-8 35 0.002 Manganese 7439-96-5 540 0.728 Nickel 7440-02-0 30 0.002 Selenium 7782-49-2 4.1 0.001 vreparea oy: ii �,r �,necKea oy: r7t.n, Notes: COPC - Constituent of Potential Concern CASRN - Chemical Abstracts Service Registration Number EPC - Exposure Point Concentration mg/L - milligrams per liter mg/kg - milligrams per kilogram a EPCs for surface water are based on 95% UCLs. EPCs for sediment are based on maximum values. b Surface water and sediment EPCs are used to evaluate aquatic receptors. Analysis of solids (i.e., soil and sediment) was reported as dry weight. Page 1 of 1 ATTACHMENT 8 TABLE 8-5 CALCULATION OF AVERAGE DAILY DOSES FOR MALLARD DUCK ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE AREA 1 HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT MARSHALL STEAM STATION DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, TERRELL, NC AVERAGE DAILY DOSE VIA: EPCw EPC, EPCP EPC; BF ADD, SUF AUF ADD WATER PLANTS/VEGETATION INVERTEBRATES SOIL NIRw ADDW Pf NIRf NIRP ADDp A, NIRa ADD, Sf NIR, ADD, Slope, or Slope, or Unadjusted Analyte Plant Intercept Invertebrate Intercept Uptake P Uptake P Water Food Plant Invertebrates Soil Area Use Adjusted Total COPC in COPC in (BAF) Estimated (BAF) Estimated Ingestion Unadjusted Fraction Ingestion Ingestion Unadjusted Fraction Diet Ingestion Rate, Average Daily Fraction Ingestion Unadjusted Omnivore Seasonal Factor Omnivore water Solid Concentration in Concentration in Average Daily Diet Plant R(kg/k9et 3 R(kg/kr9y Average Daily In(percen[)e5 Dose l) Average Daily Bioavailability Intake Use Factor (Exposure Ave age Daily Vegetation' Invertebrates' Dose Water Matter Dose Plant, Dry Invertebrates, Dose Soil, Dry (percent) (mg/L) (mg/kg) (mg/kg) (mg/kg) (R/kg (mg/kg/day) (Percent) (rT19/k9/day) (kg dry/kg Dry (pe centiet (kg dry/kg (mg/kg/day) (mg/kg/day) (un tle s) A ea/Home Dos BW/day) BW/day) BW/day) BW/day) (mg/kg/day) BW/day) Range) (mg/kg/day) Aluminum 0.290 37,000 0.0008 30 1 37,000 0.057 0.017 59% 0.15058935 0.0133 0.39 38% 0.013 466 3.3% 0.0031 114 100% 580 1 0.034 19 Barium 0.057 190 0.03 5.7 1 190 0.057 0.0033 59% 0.15058935 0.0133 0.08 38% 0.013 2.39 3.3% 0.0031 0.59 100% 3.1 1 0.034 0.103 Chromium, Total 0.001 69 0.0015 0.10 0.1 6.90 0.057 0.0001 59% 0.15058935 0.0133 0.0014 38% 0.013 0.09 3.3% 0.0031 0.21 100% 0.3 1 0.034 0.010 Cobalt 0.004 24 0.004 0.10 1 24 0.057 0.0002 59% 0.15058935 0.0133 0.0013 38% 0.013 0.30 3.3% 0.0031 0.07 100% 0.4 1 0.034 0.013 Copper 0.002 35 0.39 0.669 7.9 1.556 54 0.057 0.00010 59% 0.15058935 0.0133 0.11 38% 0.013 0.69 3.3% 0.0031 0.11 100% 0.9 1 0.034 0.030 Manganese 0.728 540 0.050 27 0.682 -0.809 33 0.057 0.042 59% 0.15058935 0.0133 0.36 38% 0.013 0.41 3.3% 0.0031 1.66 100% 2.5 1 0.034 0.083 Nickel 0.002 30 0.75 -2.224 1.4 0.486 15 0.057 0.00011 59% 0.15058935 0.0133 0.0184 38% 0.013 0.18 3.3% 0.0031 0.092 100% 0.3 1 0.034 0.010 Selenium 0.001 4.1 1.10 -0.678 2.4 0.7 2.9 0.057 0.00004 59% 0.15058935 0.0133 0.03 38% 0.013 0.04 3.3% 0.0031 0.013 100% 0.08 1 0.034 0.003 Prepared by: =P Checked by: HES Notes: ADD - Average Daily Dose EPC - Exposure Point Concentration AUF - Area Use Factor mg/L - milligrams per liter BAF - Bioaccumulation Factor mg/kg - milligrams per kilogram BCF - Bioconcontration Factor kg/kg BW/day - Kilograms Food per Kilograms Body Weight per Day BF - Bioavailability Factor L/kg BW/day - liters Water per Kilogram Body Weight per Day COPC - Constituent of Potential Concern NIR - Normalized Ingestion Rate Bechtel Jacobs Company 1998a; Bass at al. 1984 (Mo); Environmental Restoration Division - Manual ERD-AG-003 1999; default value of I is used for constituents for which a BAF could not be found. Bechtel Jacobs Company 1998b, Table 2, median BAFs for sediment to benthic invertebrates for As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn; Sample at al. 19981h (earthworms) for Mn; default value of 1 is used for constituents for which a BAF could not be found. 3 Dry weight for plants assumed to be 15% of wet weight, based on USPEA, 1993 (Table 4-2). 4 Dry weight for invertebrates assumed to be 22 % of at weight, based on USEPA, 1993 (Table 4-1) Dry weight for sediment/soil assumed to be 62% of total weight based on average percent solids of samples used in this exposure area. s Bioavailability is set to a default of 100% to be conservative and protective of ecological receptors. ATTACHMENT 8 TABLE 8-6 CALCULATION OF AVERAGE DAILY DOSES FOR GREAT BLUE HERON ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE AREA 1 HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT MARSHALL STEAM STATION DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, TERRELL, NC AVERAGE DAILY DOSE VIA: EPC,,,, EPC, EPC„sa EPC; SOIL BF ADD, SUF AUF ADD WATER FISH INVERTEBRATES NIR„, ADD„, Af NIRf NIR. ADD, Af NIR, ADD, Fish Slope, or Sf NIR, ADDS Estimated' Estimated' Water Unadjusted Fraction Food Fish Unadjusted Invertebrates Unadjusted Average Daily Soil Ingestion g Unadjusted ) Area Use Adjusted Total Analyte Uptake BCF ( ) Invertebrate Uptake BAF P (BAF) Intercept COPC in COPC in Concentration Concentration Ingestion Average Daily Diet Animal Ingestion Ingestion Average Daily Fraction Diet Ingestion Rate, Dose Fraction Rate, Dry s Average Daily a Bioavailability ( Piscivore Intake Seasonal Factor Piscivore Water Solid in Rate Rate, Wet Rate, Dry' Invertebrates Dry° Diet Soil Use Factor (Exposure Average Daily (mg/L) (mg/kg) in Fish Invertebrates (L/kg Dose water Matter (kg/kg (kg/kg Dose, Dry (Percent) (kg/kg Invertebrates, (percent) ( k k g Dose Soil, Dry percent) (mg/kg/day) (unitless) Area/Home Dose (mg/kg) (mg/kg) BW/day) (mg/kg/day) (percent) BW/day) BW/day) (mg/kg/day) BW/day) Dry /d BW/day) (mg/kg/day) Range) (mg/kg/day) (mg/kg/day) Aluminum 0.290 37,000 0.1 0.03 1 37,000 0.045 0.013 100% 0.18 0.05 0.001 0% 0.000 0 2.8% 0.0031 116 100% 116 1 0.019 2.2510 Barium 0.057 190 4 0.23 1 190 0.045 0.0026 100% 0.18 0.05 0.01 0% 0.000 0.00 2.8% 1 0.0031 0.6 100% 0.61 1 0.019 0.0118 Chromium, Total 0.001 69 200 0.25 0.1 6.9 0.045 0.0001 100% 0.18 0.05 0.01 0% 0.000 0.00 2.8% 0.0031 0.2 100% 0.23 1 0.019 0.0044 Cobalt 0.004 24 300 1.08 1 24 0.045 0.0002 100% 0.18 0.05 0.049 0% 0.000 0.00 2.8% 0.0031 0.1 100% 0.12 1 0.019 0.002 Copper 0.002 35 50 0.09 1.6 54.5 0.045 0.0001 100% 0.18 0.05 0.004 0% 0.000 0.00 2.8% 0.0031 0.1 100% 0.11 1 0.019 0.0022 Manganese 0.728 540 400 291 0.7 -0.809 32.5 0.045 0.033 100% 0.18 0.05 13 0% 0.000 0.00 2.8% 0.0031 2 100% 14.83 1 0.019 0.289 Nickel 0.002 30 100 0.19 0.5 14.6 0.045 0.0001 100% 0.18 0.05 0.009 0% 0.000 0.00 2.8% 0.0031 0.1 100% 0.10 1 0.019 0.0020 Selenium 0.001 4.1 8 0.01 0.7 2.9 0.045 0.00003 100% 0.18 0.05 0.0002 0% 0.000 0.00 2.8% 1 0.0031 1 0.0 100% 0.01 1 0.019 0.000254 Notes: ADD - Average Daily Dose EPC - Exposure Point Concentration AUF - Area Use Factor mg/L - milligrams per liter BAF - Bioaccumulation Factor mg/kg - milligrams per kilogram BCF - Biomncentration Factor kg/kg BW/day - Kilograms Food per Kilograms Body Weight per Day BF - Bioavailability Factor L/kg BW/day - Liters Water per Kilogram Body Weight per Day COPC - Constituent of Potential Concern NIR - Normalized Ingestion Rate ' Al (Voigt et al. 2015), mean of fish tissue BAFs; Cu (USEPA 1980); Environmental Restoration Division - Manual ERD-AG-003 1999. ' Bechtel Jacobs Company 1998b, Table 2, median BAFs for sediment to benthic invertebrates for As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn; Sample et al. 1998b (earthworms) for Min; default value of 1 is used for constituents for which a BAF could not be found. ' Dry weight for fish assumed to be 25% of wet weight, based on USEPA, 1993 (Table 4-1) 4 Dry weight for invertebrates assumed to be 22% of wet weight, based on USEPA, 1993 (Table 4-1) s Dry weight for sediment/soil assumed to be 62% of total weight based on average percent soilds of samples used in this exposure area. e Bioavailability is set to a default of 100% to be conservative and protective of ecological receptors. repared by: TCP Checked by: HES ®' ATTACHMENTS TABLE 8-7 CALCULATION OF AVERAGE DAILY DOSES FOR KILLDEER ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE AREA 1 HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT MARSHALL STEAM STATION DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, TERRELL, NC AVERAGE DAILY DOSE VIA, EPCw EPC, EPCI BF ADD, SUF AUF ADD WATER INVERTEBRATES SOIL NIRv ADDW NIR, A, NIP, ADD. S, NIR. ADD, Slope, or Analyte Invertebrate Uptake Intercept Estimated' Unadjusted Food Ingestion Invertebrates Unadjusted Average Daily Soil Ingestion Unadjusted Area Use Adjusted Total COPECin Water COPECin Solid (BAF) CORC¢ntrdtiOn in Water In lion Rite Average Daily Rate, Wet Fraction Diet Invertebrates Ingestion Rate, DOSS Fraction Diet Soil Rat¢, Dry' Average Daily Bioavailabllltyz Insectivore Intake Seasonal Use Factor Factor (Ez Insectivore Average Daily Invertebrates ges eW/day) Dose Water (kg/kg Dry' (k /k g 9 Invertebrates, (k /k g g Dose Soil, D rY (Percent) posure Area Dose (mg/L) (mg/kg) (mg/kg) (L/kg (mg/kg/day) SW/day) (percent) BW/day) Dry (percent) BW/day) (mg/kg/day) (mg/kg/day) (unitiess) m k da Range) (mg/kg/day) Aluminum 0.290 37,000 1 37.000 0.141 0.04 0.464 81% 0.08 3.061 19% 0.05 2.023 100% 5.084 1 1 5.084 Barium 0,057 190 1 190 0.141 0,0081 0,464 81% 0.08 16 19% 0.05 30 300% 26 1 1 26 Chromium. Total 0.001 69 0.1 ] 0.141 0.0002 0.464 81% 0.08 1 19% 0.05 4 300% 4 1 1 4 Cobalt 0.004 24 1 24 0.141 0.0005 0.464 81°b 0.08 2 19°b 0.05 1 30R. 3 1 1 3 C000er 0.002 35 1.556 54 0.141 0.00026 0.464 81% 0.08 5 19% 0.05 1.9 300% 6 1 1 6 Manganese 0.]28 540 0.682 -0.809 32.5 0.141 0.1 0.464 81°b 0.08 3 19°/a 0.05 30 300°b 32 1 1 32 Nickel 0.002 30 0.486 15 0.141 0.0003 0.464 81% 0.08 1 19% 0.05 2 300% 1 3 1 1 1 1 13 Selenium I 001 1 4.1 1 0.7 1 1 3 1 0.141 1 0.0001 1 0.464 81% 0.08 0.2 1 19% 1 0.05 10.2I 300% 1 0.5 1 1 1 1 1 0.5 89Sas. verage Dairy Dose mg/L - millgrams per liter r kg/kg BW/day - Kllogrsms Pool per 0.9- Body -e ht per Day BAF Bwacwmulatwn Facmr Wk9 BW/day - Liters Warer per Kib91am Body -e hl Per Day w v bility N m9/k9Bx mi grams p Umpany 1998b, Table 3, medkn BAFs Por sediment to bentbic invertebrates Por As, 1,11 Cu, H9, Ni, 1, and 11; 9ampk et al. 1998b (eartM1worms) for 11; default value 1111 used for conrtrtuents for "ill a BAF muid not be fund. wei °r love e r u we weigbt, based on UBEPA, 1993 (Table 6-1) e or sedlmenV oil assumed [o be 62%of total weight baud on average percent solks of samples used In 1h. exposure area. Bio'-I Ry k set to a d- of t00%to be conservative and proteRrve of emlogiml --p- ATTACHMENT 8 TABLE 8-8 CALCULATION OF AVERAGE DAILY DOSES FOR BALD EAGLE ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE AREA 1 HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT MARSHALL STEAM STATION DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, TERRELL, NC AVERAGE DAILY DOSE VIA: EPC, EPC, EPCmb EPCrlsh BF ADDt SUF AUF ADDTOT WATER VERTEBRATE PREY SOIL Slope, or Fish NIRw ADDw Ptlsh Pmb NIRr NIR,Ish NIR,nb ADDa S, NIRs ADDS Analyte Vertebrate Intercept Uptake Uptake Estimated Water Unadjusted Fraction Fraction Food Fish Mammal/Bird Unadjusted Soil Unadjusted Area Use Adjusted Total COPC in COPC in (BAF Estimated Concentration in Concentration Ingestion Average Daily of Diet of Diet Ingestion Ingestion i Ingestion 4 Average Daily Fraction Ingestion Average Daily a Bioavailability Carnivore Seasonal Factor Carnivore Water Solid t Mammals and Birds : in Fish Rate Dose Water Fish Mammal + Rate, Wet Rate, Dry Rate, Dry Dose, Dry Diet Soil Rate, Dry s Dose Soil, Dry Intake Use (Exposure Average Daily (mg/L) (mg/kg) (m9/k9) (L/kg girds (kg/kg (kg/kg (kg/kg (percent) (kg/kg (percent) (mg/kg/day) Factor Area/Home Dose (mg/kg) BW/day) (mg/kg/day) (percent) (percent) BW/day) BW/Day BW/day) (mg/kg/day) BW/day) (mg/kg/day) Range) (mg/kg/day) Aluminum 0.290 37,000 1 37,000 0.1 0.03 0.036 0.01 58% 42% 0.077 0.011165 0.010 378 0.5% 0.00024 9 100% 387 1 0.0054 2 Barium 0.057 190 0.7 -1.412 10 4 0.23 0.036 0.002 58% 42% 0.077 0.011165 0.010 0.10 0.5% 0.00024 0.05 100% 0.15 1 0.0054 0.0008 Chromium, Total 0.001 69 0.1444 -1.4599 0.43 200 0.25 0.036 0.0000 58% 42% 0.077 0.011165 0.010 0.01 0.5% 0.00024 0.02 100% 0.02 1 0.0054 0.0001 Cobalt 0.004 24 1.307 -4.4669 0.73 300 1.08 0.036 0.0001 58% 42% 0.077 0.011165 0.010 0.02 0.5% 0.00024 0.01 100% 0.025 1 0.0054 0.0001 Copper 0.002 35 0.1444 2.042 13 50 0.09 0.036 0.0001 58% 42% 0.077 0.011165 0.010 0.13 0.5% 0.00024 0.01 100% 0.14 1 0.0054 0.0008 Manganese 0.728 540 0.004 2 400 291 0.036 0.03 58% 42% 0.077 0.011165 0.010 3.27 0.5% 0.00024 0.13 100% 3.43 1 0.0054 0.02 Nickel 0.002 30 0.4658 -0.2462 4 100 0.19 0.036 0.0001 58% 420% 0.077 0.011165 0.010 0.04 0.5% 0.00024 0.01 100% 0.05 1 0.0054 0.0003 Selenium 0.001 4.1 0.3764 -0.4158 1 8 0.01 0.036 0.00002 580% 420% 0.077 0.011165 0.010 0.01 0.5% 0.00024 0.00 100% 0.01 1 0.0054 0.0001 Notes: ADD - Average Daily Dose EPC - Exposure Point Concentration AUF - Area Use Factor mg/L - milligrams per liter BAF - Bioaccumulation Factor mg/kg - milligrams per kilogram BCF - Bioconcentration Factor kg/kg BW/day - Kilograms Food per Kilograms Body Weight per Day BF - Bioavailability Factor Ukg BW/day - Liters Water per Kilogram Body Weight per Day COPC - Constituent of Potential Concern NIR - Normalized Ingestion Rate ' Sample et al. 1998a; EPA 2007 EcoSSLs, Att 4-1, Table 4a 2 Al (Voigt et al. 2015), mean offish tissue BAFs; Cu (USEPA 1980); Environmental Restoration Division - Manual ERD-AG-003 1999. 3 Dry weight for fish assumed to be 25% of wet weight, based on USEPA, 1993 (Table 4-1) " Dry weight formammals and birds assumed to be 32% of wet weight, based on USEPA, 1993 (Table 4-1) s Dry weight for sediment/soil assumed to be 62% of total weight based on average percent solids of samples used in this exposure area. 6 Bioavailability is set to a default of 100% to be conservative and protective of ecological receptors. Prepared by: TCP Checked by: HES Page 1 of 1 ATTACHMENT 8 TABLE 8-9 CALCULATION OF AVERAGE DAILY DOSES FOR MUSKRAT ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE AREA 1 HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT MARSHALL STEAM STATION DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, TERRELL, NC AVERAGE DAILY DOSE VIA: EPCw EPCS EPCP BF ADD, SUF AUF ADD,u, WATER PLANTS / VEGETATION SOIL Slope, NIRw ADDw P, NIR, NIRP ADDP S, NIRs ADDS or Analyte Plant Intercept Uptake Estimatedi Water Unadjusted Fraction Food Plant Unadjusted Soil Unadjusted Area Use Adjusted Total COPC in COPC in (BAF) Concentration Ingestion Average Daily Diet Plant Ingestion Ingestion Average Daily Fraction Ingestion Average Daily 4 Bioavailability Herbivore Seasonal Factor Herbivore Water Solid Rate Rate, Wet z Dose Plant, Diet Soil Rate, Drys Intake Use Factor (Exposure Average Daily (mg/L) (mg/kg) in Vegetation (L/kg Dose Water Matter (kg/kg Rate, Dry Dry (percent) (kg/kg Dose Soil, Dry (percent) (mg/kg/day) (unitless) Area/Home Dose (mg/kg) BW/day) (m9/k9/daY) (Percent) BW/day) (kg/kg/day) (mg/kg/day) BW/day) (mg/kg/day) Range) (mg/kg/day) Aluminum 0.290 37,000 0.0008 30 0.975 0.28 100% 0.3 0.045 1 2% 0.00372 138 100% 139 1 1 139 Barium 0.057 190 0.03 5.7 0.975 0.06 100% 0.3 0.045 0.26 2% 0.00372 0.71 100% 1.02 1 1 1.02 Chromium, Total 0.001 69 0.0015 0.1 0.975 0.001 100% 0.3 0.045 0.005 2% 0.00372 0.26 100% 0.263 1 1 0.263 Cobalt 0.004 24 0.004 0.1 0.975 0.004 100% 0.3 0.045 0.004 2% 0.00372 0.089 100% 0.10 1 1 0.097 Copper 0.002 35 0.39 0.669 7.9 0.975 0.002 100% 0.3 0.045 0.36 2% 0.00372 0.130 100% 0.49 1 1 0.5 Manganese 0.728 540 0.050 27 0.975 0.71 100% 0.3 0.045 1 2% 0.00372 2 100% 3.93 1 1 3.9 Nickel 0.002 30 0.748 -2.224 1.4 0.975 0.002 100% 0.3 0.045 0.062 2% 0.00372 0.112 100% 0.18 1 1 0.2 Selenium 0.001 4.1 1.104 -0.678 2.4 0.975 0.0006 100% 0.3 0.045 0.108 2% 0.00372 0.015 100% 0.12 1 1 0.1 Notes: ADD - Average Daily Dose EPC - Exposure Point Concentration AUF - Area Use Factor mg/L - milligrams per liter BAF - Bioaccumulation Factor mg/kg - milligrams per kilogram BCF - Bioconcentration Factor kg/kg BW/day - Kilograms Food per Kilograms Body Weight per Day BF - Bioavailability Factor L/kg BW/day - Liters Water per Kilogram Body Weight per Day COPC - Constituent of Potential Concern NIR - Normalized Ingestion Rate Bechtel Jacobs Company 1998a; Baes et al. 1984 (Mo); Environmental Restoration Division - Manual ERD-AG-003 1999; default value of 1 is used for constituents for which a BAF could not be found. 2 Dry weight for plants assumed to be 15% of wet weight, based on USPEA, 1993 (Table 4-2). s Dry weight for sediment/soil assumed to be 62% of total weight based on average percent soilds of samples used in this exposure area. 4 Bioavailability is set to a default of 100% to be conservative and protective of ecological receptors. ricpaicu uy. - i.1-cu uy. Page 1 of 1 ATTACHMENT 8 TABLE 8-10 CALCULATION OF AVERAGE DAILY DOSES FOR RIVER OTTER ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE AREA 1 HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT MARSHALL STEAM STATION DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, TERRELL, NC AVERAGE DAILY DOSE VIA: EPC, EPCS EPCfish BF ADD, SUF AUF ADDtot DRINKING WATER FISH Fish NIRw ADDw Pf NIRf NIR., ADD., Analyte Uptake (BCF) 1 Estimated Water Unadjusted Fraction Food Fish Unadjusted Area Use Adjusted Total COPC in COPC in Concentration Ingestion Average Daily Diet Animal Ingestion Ingestion 2 Average Daily s Bioavailability Piscivore Seasonal Factor Piscivore Water Solid Rate Rate, Wet Rate, Dry Intake Use Factor (Exposure Average Daily (mg/L) (mg/kg) in Fish (L/kg Dose Water Matter (kg/kg (kg/kg Dose, Dry (percent) ) (mg/kg/day) (unitless) Area/Home Dose (mg/kg) BW/day) (mg/kg/day) (percent) BW/day) BW/day) (mg/kg/day) Range) (mg/kg/day) Aluminum 0.290 37,000 0.1 0.03 0.081 0.02 90% 0.1072562 0.02 0.001 100% 0.02 1 0.042 0.001 Barium 0.057 190 4 0.23 0.081 0.005 90% 0.1072562 0.02 0.01 100% 0.01 1 0.042 0.000 Chromium, Total 0.001 69 200 0.25 0.081 0.0001 90% 0.1072562 0.02 0.01 100% 0.01 1 0.042 0.0003 Cobalt 0.004 24 300 1.1 0.081 0.0003 90% 0.1072562 0.02 0.03 100% 0.03 1 0.042 0.001 Copper 0.002 35 50 0.09 0.081 0.0001 90% 0.1072562 0.02 0.002 100% 0.002 1 0.042 0.0001 Manganese 0.728 540 400 291 0.081 0.06 90% 0.1072562 0.02 7 100% 7 1 0.042 0.30 Nickel 0.002 30 100 0.19 0.081 0.0002 90% 0.1072562 0.02 0.005 100% 0.005 1 0.042 0.0002 Selenium 0.001 4.1 8 0.005 0.081 0.0001 90% 0.1072562 0.02 0.0001 100% 0.000 1 0.042 0.00001 Notes: ADD - Average Daily Dose EPC - Exposure Point Concentration AUF - Area Use Factor mg/L - milligrams per liter BAF - Bioaccumulation Factor mg/kg - milligrams per kilogram BCF - Bioconcentration Factor kg/kg BW/day - Kilograms Food per Kilograms Body Weight per Day BF - Bioavailability Factor L/kg BW/day - Liters Water per Kilogram Body Weight per Day COPC - Constituent of Potential Concern NIR - Normalized Ingestion Rate 1 Al (Voigt et al. 2015), mean offish tissue BAFs; Cu (USEPA 1980); Environmental Restoration Division - Manual ERD-AG-003 1999. Z Dry weight for vertebrates fish assumed to be 25% of wet weight, based on USEPA, 1993 (Table 4-1) 3 Bioavailability is set to a default of 100% to be conservative and protective of ecological receptors. rrepareo oy: ii t;N l;necKea oy: hts Page 1 of 1 ATTACHMENT 8 TABLES-11 HAZARD QUOTIENTS FOR COPCS - AQUATIC RECEPTORS ECOLOGICAL EXPOSURE AREA 1 HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT MARSHALL STEAM STATION DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, TERRELL, NC Wildlife Receptor Hazard Quotient Estimated using the 'No Observed Adverse Effects Level' Analyte Aquatic Mallard Duck Great Blue Heron Killdeer Bald Eagle Muskrat River Otter Aluminum 1.77E-01 2.05E-02 4.62E+01 1.91E-02 7.22E+01 5.25E-04 Barium 4.93E-03 5.68E-04 1.26E+00 3.87E-05 1.97E-02 8.24E-06 Chromium, Total 1.01E-02 4.42E-03 4.34E+00 1.29E-04 9.58E-05 9.33E-08 Cobalt 1.67E-03 3.17E-04 4.33E-01 1.81E-05 1.32E-02 1.51E-04 Copper 7.45E-03 5.46E-04 1.58E+00 1.89E-04 8.72E-02 1.75E-05 Manganese 4.64E-04 1.61E-03 1.81E-01 1.04E-04 7.64E-02 5.78E-03 Nickel 1.47E-03 2.98E-04 4.24E-01 3.92E-05 1.03E-01 1.20E-04 Selenium I 9.37E-03 I 8.78E-04 1.59E+00 106 2.35E-na 8.70E-01 5.18E-OS Wildlife Receptor Hazard Quotient Estimated using the 'Lowest Observed Adverse Effects Level' Analyte Aquatic Mallard Duck Great Blue Heron Killdeer Bald Eagle Muskrat River Otter Aluminum 1.77E-02 2.05E-03 4.62E+00 1.91E-03 7.22E+00 5.25E-05 Barium 2.46E-03 2.83E-04 6.26E-01 1.93E-05 1.36E-02 5.69E-06 Chromium, Total 2.02E-03 8.83E-04 8.69E-01 2.57E-05 9.58E-06 9.33E-09 Cobalt 1.62E-03 3.09E-04 4.23E-01 1.77E-05 8.91E-03 1.02E-04 Copper 2.49E-03 1.83E-04 5.30E-01 6.34E-05 5.23E-02 1.05E-05 Manganese 2.39E-04 8.30E-04 9.29E-02 5.36E-05 5.54E-02 4.19E-03 Nickel 8.59E-04 1.74E-04 2.48E-01 2.29E-05 5.16E-02 5.99E-05 Selenium I 4.69E-03 4.40E-04 7.97E-01 1.18E-04 5.78E-01 3.44E-05 Notes: COPC - constituent of potential concern Hazard Ouotients greater than or eaual to 1 are hiahliahted in arav and in boldface. NM - not measured Prepared by: TCP Checked by: HES Page 1 of 1 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station ATTACHMENT 9 SynTerra FEDERAL AND STATE LISTED PROTECTED SPECIES ATTACHMENT 9 TABLE 9-1 FEDERAL AND STATE LISTED PROTECTED SPECIES HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT MARSHALL STEAM STATION DUKE ENERGY CAROLINAS, LLC, TERRELL, CATAWBA COUNTY, NC Taxonomic Group Scientific Name Common Name NC Status Federal Status Bird Haliaeetus leucocephalus Bald Eagle T BGPA Mammal Myotis septentrionalis Northern Long-eared Bat none T Freshwater Bivalve Ligumia nasuta Eastern Pondmussel T none Freshwater Bivalve Strophitus undulatus Creeper T none Freshwater Bivalve Villosa constricts Notched Rainbow T none Freshwater Fish Carpiodes sp. cf. velifer Atlantic Hi hfin Carpsucker SC none Gastropod Triodopsis fulciden Dwarf Threetooth SC none Reptile Glyptemys muhlenbergii Bog Turtle T T(S/A) Reptile Crotalus horridus Timber Rattlesnake SC none Sawfly, Wasp, Bee, or Bombus affinis Rusty -patched Bumble Bee SR E Vascular Plant Helianthus schweinitzii Schweinitz's Sunflower E E Vascular Plant Tsu a caroliniana Carolina Hemlock none ARS Vascular Plant Spiraea corymbosa Shinyleaf Meadowsweet E none Vascular Plant lHexastylis naniflora Dwarf -flowered Heartleaf IT T Prepared by: ARD Checked by: ALL Definitions of Federal and NC Status Codes: E=Endangered T=Threatened T (S/A)= Threatened due to Similarity of Appearance SC=Species of Special Concern ARS=At Risk Species BGPA=Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act SR=Significantly Rare References: USFWS, 2019. Endangered and Threatened Species and Species of Concern by County for North Carolina. Available at: https://www.fws.gov/raleigh/species/cntylist/nc_counties.html Natural Heritage Program (NHP). Natural and Cultural Resources, 2019. Available at https://www.ncnhp.org/data/species-community-search Page 1 of 1 Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment December 2019 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - Marshall Steam Station SynTerra ATTACHMENT 10 DUKE ENERGY ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF MARSHALL STEAM STATION AND LAKE NORMAN Duke Energy Environmental Assessment of Marshall Steam Station and Lake Norman Regulatory Requirements The National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit for Lake Norman and the Marshall Steam Station (NPDES No. NC0004987) requires Duke Energy to conduct weekly to quarterly outfall and instream water quality monitoring at 13 locations including within 2 locations within Lake Norman. Trace elements (arsenic, selenium) monitoring in fish muscle tissue is also conducted annually in accordance with a study plan approved by the North Carolina Division of Environmental Quality (NCDEQ). The study plan outlines the proposed methods for sampling, analyzing, and data reporting to fulfill the NPDES permit requirement for fish tissue monitoring. Current Lake Norman Sampling Program Currently Duke Energy maintains a robust sampling program to assess potential effects of Marshall's operations on Lake Norman. This program includes vertical profiles and surface water chemistry samples collected at 15 locations throughout Lake Norman during winter and summer each year. Fish community assessments are conducted by electrofishing 32 shoreline transects in the spring and fall during even numbered years. In addition, 36-60 fish are collected annually for tissue analyses. Other evaluations including aquatic wildlife, aquatic vegetation, and plankton surveys are conducted at least once per five years. Water Quality Assessment Duke Energy has monitored water quality and chemistry in Lake Norman since 1959. In all, nearly 20,000 monitoring events have been conducted throughout the lake with nearly 1.5 million individual test results. These water quality assessments have shown that Lake Norman is safe from coal ash impacts as summarized below. Surface water quality concentrations of three specific parameters commonly associated with coal ash (arsenic, selenium and chromium) are well below the state surface water quality standards (known as the 2B standards) in Lake Norman for all designated uses of the waterbody, including drinking water supply. Out of over 2,000 samples collected, only eight were greater than lab reporting limits. As a reference, data were also retrieved from the Water Quality Portal (WQP) which is a cooperative service sponsored by the United States Geological Survey, the Environmental Protection Agency, and the National Water Quality Monitoring Council. Data retrieved were limited to WQP reservoir data from West Virginia, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, and Tennessee and included over 10,000 data points for each constituent. Concentrations of these three constituents in Lake Norman are similar to or lower than concentrations reported throughout the region. J 14 12 10 Water Supply WQ Standard: 10 ug/L Lake Norman O Southeast lakes Aquatic Life WQ Standard: 5 ug/L MlLtj Aquatic Life WQ Standard:11 ug/L G Py ��co r�oF G Fish Community Assessment Fish populations are key indicators of the overall health of aquatic systems because of they are influenced by exposure to the environment and impacts to other aquatic communities (e.g., aquatic vegetation and macroinvertebrates). Lake Norman has one of the most diverse and dynamic fish communities in the Catawba River chain of impoundments. Duke Energy has conducted fish community assessments in Lake Norman since 1974. In that time, 7,500 samples have been collected consisting of 48 different species in 12 families and totaling over 550,000 individual fish. These fish have included individuals at multiple trophic levels and different feeding guilds with a consistently low proportion of pollution -tolerant species. The catch has been dominated by desirable species including Bluegill and black bass (Largemouth Bass and Alabama Bass). Catch per unit effort (CPUE) is a measure of the relative abundance of a species when electrofishing. During each year since 2003, the CPUE of Bluegill and black bass were consistently near or above the 50th percentile for the region (Brouder et al. 2009), and the average CPUE for Bluegill in Lake Norman during this time was substantially higher than the 50th percentile (Brouder et al. 2009). These data, along with other community metrics such as length frequency analyses and fish condition indices have shown Lake Norman supports abundant, healthy, self-sustaining fish populations (Duke Energy 2018). Species Average CPUE Range Regional 501h percentile Bluegill 240 152-369 82 Black bass 37 21-62 29 Fish Tissue Analyses As required in the NPDES permit, Duke Energy tests 36-60 fish from different trophic levels (prey and predators) every year for the presence of metals —including arsenic and selenium —in their muscle tissue. These metals are commonly associated with coal ash and can have fish and human health impacts. Results are submitted to the NCDEQ during each NPDES permit renewal. The results of these analyses have demonstrated that concentrations of these metals in fish muscle tissue are consistently orders of magnitude below the state's consumption advisory over the last four years. Average concentrations detected from 144 fish collected from Lake Norman during 2014-2017 were well below the human health advisory levels for arsenic and selenium, and no individual fish was higher than the advisory level for either element. Metal Average concentration Range Advisory level Arsenic 0.07 0.03-0.23 1.2 Selenium 0.43 0.17-0.92 20 Lake Norman Overall Health Lake Norman has been monitored by Duke Energy since 1959. Over the years, specific assessments have been conducted for water quality and chemistry as well as abundance and species composition of phytoplankton, zooplankton, macroinvertebrates, aquatic macrophytes, fish, and aquatic wildlife. These assessments have all demonstrated that Lake Norman has been an environmentally healthy and functioning ecosystem, and ongoing sampling programs have been established to ensure the health of the system will continue. Furthermore, these data indicate that there have been no significant effects to the local aquatic systems related to coal ash constituents over the last 60 years. References Brouder, M. J., A. C. Iles, and S. A. Bonar. 2009. Length frequency, condition, growth, and catch per effort indices for common North American fishes. Pages 231-282 in S. A. Bonar, W. A. Hubert, and D. W. Willis, editors. Standard Methods for Sampling North American Freshwater Fishes. American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, Maryland. Duke Energy. 2018. Lake Norman Maintenance Monitoring Program: 2017 summary. Duke Energy Corporation. Charlotte, NC.