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Home My WebLink About15019_ Norfolk_ Phase 2 ESA 2014_11_14 Site Investigation Report Phase II Environmental Site Assessment CATS Blue Line Extension-Norfolk Southern Right of Way Charlotte, North Carolina November 14, 2011 Terracon Project No. 71107781 Prepared for: The City of Charlotte, North Carolina Brownfields Assessment Grant USEPA Cooperative Agreement BF95462010-0 Prepared by: Terracon Consultants, Inc. Charlotte, North Carolina November 14, 2011 David Wolfe, P. E. City of Charlotte Engineering and Property Management 600 East Fourth Street Charlotte, North Carolina 28202-2844 Email: dwolfe@ci.charlotte.nc.us Re: Site Investigation Report Phase II Environmental Site Assessment CATS Blue Line Extension-Norfolk Southern Right of Way City of Charlotte Brownfields Assessment Grant USEPA Cooperative Agreement BF95462010-0 Terracon Project No. 71107781 Dear Mr. Wolfe: Terracon Consultants, Inc. (Terracon) is pleased to provide this Site Investigation Report (SIR) to the City of Charlotte, in accordance with our Proposal (Reference Number 71107E078), dated September 10, 2010 and the Contract for Brownfield Assessment Services (Contract Number 1100687), dated January 24, 2011 between the City of Charlotte and Terracon. This report describes the assessment activities conducted in accordance with the Generic Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP) and Site-Specific QAPP Addendum 1, Revision A submitted to the North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources (NCDENR) and the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) under Cooperative Agreement BF95462010-0. If you should have any questions concerning this report, please do not hesitate to contact us at (704) 509-1777. Terracon looks forward to our continued relationship with the City of Charlotte. Sincerely, Terracon Consultants, Inc. Christopher L. Corbitt, P.G. Charles R. Clymer, Jr., P.G. Senior Project Manager Senior Principal Cc: Ms. Cindy Nolan / USEPA Region 4 Ms. Carolyn Minnich / North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Brownfields Program Ms. Kelly Goforth / Charlotte Area Transit System (CATS) Terracon Consultants, Inc. 2020-E Starita Road Charlotte, North Carolina 28206 P [704] 509 1777 F [704] 509 1888 terracon.com i TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION PAGE NO. 1.0 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Standard of Care ....................................................................................... 1 1.2 Additional Scope Limitations ................................................................... 2 1.3 Reliance ..................................................................................................... 2 2.0 BACKGROUND ...................................................................................................... 2 3.0 SITE DESCRIPTION .............................................................................................. 3 3.1 Site Geology and Hydrogeology .............................................................. 4 3.2 Railroad Development and Maintenance Activities ................................ 5 4.0 ASSESSMENT RESULTS...................................................................................... 5 4.1 Blanks ........................................................................................................ 7 4.2 Potential Pathways for Contaminant Transport ...................................... 7 4.3 Potential Exposure Pathways .................................................................. 8 5.0 DATA QUALITY...................................................................................................... 9 5.1 Site-Specific Corrective Actions .............................................................. 9 5.2 Quality Control Parameters .................................................................... 10 5.2.1 Precision and Accuracy ......................................................................................10 5.2.2 Representativeness .............................................................................................12 5.2.3 Completeness .....................................................................................................13 5.2.4 Comparability ....................................................................................................13 5.2.5 Sensitivity ..........................................................................................................13 5.3 Laboratory Data Evaluation.................................................................... 13 5.3.1 Qualitative Data – Level A.................................................................................14 5.3.2 Quantitative Data – Level B ...............................................................................14 6.0 ASSESSMENT SUMMARY .................................................................................. 15 APPENDICES Appendix A Figure 1 – USGS Topographic Map Figure 2 – Arsenic Study Area 1 – Station Locations 1 and 2 Figure 3 – Arsenic Study Area 2 – Station Locations 3, 4, 5, and 6 Figure 4 – Arsenic Study Area 3 – Station Locations 7, 8, and 9 Figure 5 – Arsenic Sampling Location Station 1 Figure 6 – Arsenic Sampling Location Station 2 Figure 7 – Arsenic Sampling Location Station 3 Figure 8 – Arsenic Sampling Location Station 4 Figure 9 – Arsenic Sampling Location Station 5 Figure 10 – Arsenic Sampling Location Station 6 Figure 11 – Arsenic Sampling Location Station 7 Figure 12 – Arsenic Sampling Location Station 8 Figure 13 – Arsenic Sampling Location Station 9 Appendix B Table 1 – Arsenic Soil Sampling Results Appendix C Laboratory Analytical Reports SITE INVESTIGATION REPORT PHASE II ENVIRONMENTAL SITE ASSESSMENT CATS BLUE LINE EXTENSION-NORFOLK SOUTHERN RIGHT OF WAY CHARLOTTE, NORTH CAROLINA USEPA COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT BF95462010-0 Terracon Project No. 71107781 November 14, 2011 1.0 INTRODUCTION This Site Investigation Report (SIR) details the Phase II Environmental Site Assessment conducted in accordance with Site-Specific Quality Assurance Project Plan Addendum 1, Revision A (Addendum) prepared for three segments of Charlotte Area Transit System (CATS) Blue Line Extension Norfolk Southern Railroad Right of Way (CATS BLE NS Right of Way) within the Business Corridor Revitalization Area (BCRA) along the proposed CATS BLE in Charlotte, Mecklenburg County, North Carolina. The assessment presented herein was conducted under the auspices of a Brownfields’ Hazardous Substances Assessment Grant between the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and the City of Charlotte (Grantee) [USEPA Cooperative Agreement BF95462010-0]. The Grantee requested an assessment of selected segments of the CATS BLE NS Right of Way to evaluate the potential for impact by arsenic as a result of the suspected application of arsenic-based herbicides. After preparation of the Site-Specific QAPP (Addendum 1, Revision A), the document was authorized by Mr. David Wolfe, P.E. of the City of Charlotte on August 22, 2011. This assessment was conducted in accordance with the technical intent and assessment goals outlined for the site therein. The Addendum was considered supplementary to the Generic Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP), submitted under separate cover. The Generic QAPP was prepared to outline broad data quality goals for all projects conducted under this grant. The Generic QAPP and the Addendum were amended to reflect comments by USEPA and NCDENR technical reviewers; signed, executed copies of each document are on file with the Grantee and each agency for public review. The Addendum identified the current site conditions, site-specific methods for assessment, data quality assurance measures, program reporting requirements, and included a schedule of implementation, owner contact information, and the certified analytical laboratory to be utilized. 1.1 Standard of Care Terracon’s services were performed in a manner consistent with generally accepted practices of the profession undertaken in similar studies in the same geographical area during the same time period. Please note that Terracon does not warrant the work of Site Investigation Report- Phase II Environmental Assessment TERRACON CATS Blue Line Extension – Norfolk Southern Right of Way November 14, 2011 2 laboratories, regulatory agencies or other third parties supplying information used in the preparation of the report. These assessment services were performed in accordance with the scope of work authorized by the Grantee, our client, as reflected in the Generic QAPP and Site-Specific QAPP Addendum 1, Revision A and were not restricted by ASTM E1903- 97 (2002) Standard Guide for Environmental Site Assessments: Phase II Environmental Site Assessment Process. 1.2 Additional Scope Limitations Findings, conclusions and recommendations resulting from these services are based upon information derived from the on-site activities and other services performed under this scope of work; such information is subject to change over time. Certain indicators of the presence of hazardous substances, petroleum products, or other constituents may have been latent, inaccessible, unobservable, not detectable or not present during these services, and as such, we cannot represent the site as being free of hazardous substances, toxic materials, petroleum products, or other latent conditions beyond those identified during this assessment. Subsurface conditions may vary from those encountered at specific borings or wells or during other surveys, tests, assessments, investigations or exploratory services; the data, interpretations, findings, and our recommendations are based solely upon data obtained at the time and within the scope of these services. 1.3 Reliance This report has been prepared for the exclusive use of the Grantee, the City of Charlotte. Any authorization for use or reliance by any other party (except a governmental entity having jurisdiction over the site) is prohibited without the expressed written authorization of the Grantee and Terracon. Any unauthorized distribution or reuse is at the client’s sole risk. Reliance by authorized parties will be subject to the terms, conditions and limitations stated in the proposal, SIR report, and the Contract for Brownfield Assessment Services (Contract Number 1100687), dated January 24, 2011 between the City of Charlotte and Terracon. 2.0 BACKGROUND The City of Charlotte (City) is planning to use a portion of Norfolk Southern Railroad Right of Way as part of the proposed CATS Blue Line Extension to expand the passenger transit system from Charlotte to the UNCC campus. As a result of planned future development and use of the CATS BLE NS Right of Way, the City contracted with Terracon to conduct soil sampling activities along selected segments of the railroad to determine if the suspected application of arsenic-based herbicides has impacted soils along the railway corridor. Previously, the City conducted arsenic testing along a two-mile segment of railroad between Tremont Avenue and East Ninth Street, southwest of the current area of investigation (Environmental Assessment of Arsenic Concentrations in Soil and Ballast, Site Investigation Report- Phase II Environmental Assessment TERRACON CATS Blue Line Extension – Norfolk Southern Right of Way November 14, 2011 3 Charlotte Vintage Trolley Corridor, by SCS Engineers, dated July 1999). The results of the previous assessment indicated elevated arsenic concentrations as high as 597 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg) in soils beneath the ballast materials. Highest arsenic concentrations were detected in soils from depths of 0 to 2 feet adjacent to the tracks. The soils and ballast materials did not exhibit hazardous characteristics based on the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) for arsenic. The previous report considered total arsenic levels below 50 milligrams/kilogram (mg/kg) as consistent with background levels based on EPA OSWER document, Hazardous Waste Land Treatment (SW-874, Table 6.46, dated April 1983). This assessment was conducted to evaluate the potential impact to soils along the railroad right of way from the suspected application of arsenic-based herbicides, to determine the relative extent of the arsenic contamination, and to evaluate the potential risk to human health or the environment. The results of this assessment will answer the question: Based on quantitative sample data of relevant environmental media, can the Norfolk Southern Right of Way be considered feasible for future development and use for the CATS Blue Line Extension without environmental remedy? The assessment was conducted to answer the question above to the extent possible in support of the Grantee’s redevelopment efforts. Deviations from the scope of work outlined in the Addendum are detailed in subsequent sections. 3.0 SITE DESCRIPTION The site is comprised of three segments of Norfolk Southern Railroad right of way. The first segment or “Study Area” extends from approximately 1,300 feet west-southwest of East 16th Street to about 300 feet east-northeast of East 16th Street (Study Area 1). The second segment (Study Area 2) of railroad right of way extends from approximately 400 feet west of East 36th Street to Craighead Road. The third segment (Study Area 3) extends from slightly east of Craighead Road to approximately 850 feet east of West Sugar Creek Road. Portions of track within Study Areas 1 and 3 appeared to be currently inactive. A USGS topographic map (Figure 1) and aerial photographs depicting the railroad right of way and the surrounding properties are included in Appendix A as Figures 2, 3 and 4. Nine sampling stations were selected along the three segments. Study Area 1 including Stations 1 and 2 is shown on Figure 2. Study Area 2 including Stations 3, 4, 5 and 6 is shown on Figure 3. Study Area 3 including Stations 7, 8 and 9 is depicted on Figure 4. Railroad tracks and cross ties traverse each sampling station and stone ballast underlies the tracks and cross ties. The thickness of stone ballast ranged from approximately 1 to 4 feet beneath the centerline of the track. Ballast materials typically extended outward from the centerline of the track to approximately 8 feet, although ballast materials at some Site Investigation Report- Phase II Environmental Assessment TERRACON CATS Blue Line Extension – Norfolk Southern Right of Way November 14, 2011 4 stations extended to about 16 feet. The underlying soils consisted of a layer of black sands at Stations 1, 2, 3 and 5. A clay layer was identified in the previous SCS Engineers report that assessed other areas along the railroad corridor. We observed a sandy clay layer at each of the sampling stations except Stations 4 and 5. The three segments (Study Areas) of Norfolk Southern Railroad Right of Way are located in an urban setting that has been developed since the 1800s. Properties bounding the railroad are comprised mostly of industrial and warehouse businesses and former textile mills. 3.1 Site Geology and Hydrogeology The following resources were reviewed to evaluate site-specific geological and hydrogeological characteristics. x USGS Topographic Map, 7.5-minute series, Derita, North Carolina Quadrangle dated 1993 and Charlotte East, North Carolina Quadrangle dated 1967, photorevised 1988 (Figure 1) x Geologic Map of North Carolina, dated 1985 x The Geology of the Carolinas, Carolina Geological Society Fiftieth Anniversary Volume, edited by J. Wright Horton, Jr., and Victor A. Zullo, The University of Tennessee Press, dated 1991 x Soil Survey of Mecklenburg County, North Carolina, United States Department of Agriculture and Soil Conservation Service, dated 1980 The site is located within the Charlotte Belt of the Piedmont Physiographic Province. The Piedmont generally consists of low, rounded hills and long rolling northeast to southwest trending ridges with incised creeks and river channels. According to the geologic map, the site is underlain by metamorphosed quartz diorite. In-place chemical and physical weathering of parent rocks typically form residual soils in the Piedmont region. Weathering is facilitated by the presence of fractures, joints, and less resistant minerals in the rock. In areas not altered by erosion, alluvial deposition or the activities of man, the typical residual soil profile consists of clay-rich unconsolidated materials at the surface, transitioning to sandy silts and silty sands at depth. Typically, the boundary between soil and rock is not sharply defined. This transitional zone is termed “partially weathered rock” or saprolite. According to information obtained from the Mecklenburg County Soil Survey, soils along the three segments of railroad right of way are mapped as Urban Land (Ur), Cecil-Urban Land Complex (CuB), Helena-Urban Land Complex (HuB) and Monacan soils. Due to long-term development, the natural soils have most likely been altered by man-made activities such as grading, cutting or filling. Site Investigation Report- Phase II Environmental Assessment TERRACON CATS Blue Line Extension – Norfolk Southern Right of Way November 14, 2011 5 In the Piedmont, groundwater generally occurs in pore spaces within soils and in the structural features present in the underlying rock (i.e. joints, fractures, and faults). Recharge to the water table is primarily by precipitation infiltrating the surficial soils and percolating downward under the influence of gravity to the water table (vadose zone). Typically, the water table is not a level surface, but a subdued reflection of the land surface. The depth to the water table is not consistent and is dependent upon several factors that include the amount of rainfall, permeability of the soil, the extent of fracturing in the underlying rock and the influences of groundwater pumping. Groundwater typically flows in directions parallel to the ground surface and under the influence of gravity, migrates to discharge points such as surface water features, the toes of slopes or natural springs. Fluctuations in the depth of the water table can be expected depending on variations in precipitation, surface water run-off and other factors not evident at the time of our subsurface exploration. Normally, the highest levels of the water table occur in late winter and spring and the lowest levels occur in the late summer and fall. Based on an interpreted groundwater flow direction, groundwater is expected to migrate from the three study areas towards Little Sugar Creek and its tributaries. 3.2 Railroad Development and Maintenance Activities The three segments (Study Areas) of Norfolk Southern Railroad Right of Way selected for this investigation have been owned and maintained as railroad property since the 1800s. Industrial development along this portion of the railroad corridor was primarily associated with textile manufacturing in the past. Based on the results of the previous SCS investigation of other areas within the railroad corridor, it is likely that arsenic-based herbicides may have been applied to the stone ballast and soils to control vegetation growth along the section of railroad right of way planned for redevelopment of the CATS Blue Line Extension. It is our understanding that the application of arsenic-based herbicides along the CATS BLE NS Right of Way has not been documented by Norfolk Southern Railroad, other railroad entities or any regulatory agency. 4.0 ASSESSMENT RESULTS The assessment presented herein was performed to evaluate the potential impact to soils along the railroad right of way from the suspected application of arsenic-based herbicides. Site-Specific QAPP Addendum 1, Revision A was prepared prior to intrusive site activities, and this assessment was conducted in accordance with the technical intent and assessment goals outlined for the site therein. Any field variances, including appropriate response actions, are noted in each subsequent section as appropriate. Please note that during this assessment, site conditions were discovered which prompted a minor revision to the sampling protocol previously outlined in the Addendum. The changes to the approved scope of work comprised of offsets to boring locations. The offsets are discussed below. Site Investigation Report- Phase II Environmental Assessment TERRACON CATS Blue Line Extension – Norfolk Southern Right of Way November 14, 2011 6 Assessment activities included sampling of soils and stone ballast along portions of the CATS BLE NS Right of Way to identify the potential presence of arsenic, herbicides, and pesticides at selected locations (nine stations) within Study Areas 1, 2 and 3. Terracon selected 9 locations (stations) along the Norfolk Southern Railroad right of way that encompasses this section of the proposed CATS BLE. At each station, Terracon personnel manually advanced three hand auger borings (borings A, B and C) at selected distances from the centerline. Boring A was generally advanced between the tracks at the centerline or was offset from 4 to 8 feet from the centerline, outside of the existing tracks due to the thickness of the stone ballast. Boring B was typically advanced approximately 8 feet from the centerline of the track but at Stations 4 and 5, boring B was offset an additional 4 feet. Boring C was advanced approximately 16 feet from the centerline of the track at each station except for Station 9 which was offset to 14 feet due to presence of a drainage swale. Each boring was advanced to a depth of 5 feet below the interface between the ground surface and the stone ballast, if present. Terracon collected three soil samples from each boring at depths of 0 to 2 feet, 2 to 4 feet, and 5 feet below ground surface. Based on nine samples per station, Terracon collected 81 soil samples for analysis of total arsenic. The soil samples were collected in laboratory provided glassware and packed in ice pending transport to Prism Laboratories, Inc. (Prism), a North Carolina certified laboratory. Chain of custody documentation accompanied the samples to the laboratory. After each sample was collected, the hand auger was cleaned with an Alconox® and water solution, followed by a deionized/distilled water rinse and lastly by a 70% isopropyl alcohol rinse to minimize the potential for cross-contamination between samples. The 81 samples were submitted for laboratory analysis of total arsenic by EPA Method 6010C. At each station, Terracon collected a second soil sample from each of the borings at a depth of 0 to 2 feet bgs for analysis of arsenic by the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP), EPA Method 1311. The TCLP analysis was used to evaluate the leachability of arsenic in soils for potential disposal requirements. The samples from the three borings at each station were composited within a stainless steel bowl. At the City’s request, only three composite samples would be analyzed by TCLP methods; therefore, Terracon mixed the three composite samples from Stations 1, 2 and 3 as one sample, then mixed the three composite samples from Stations 4, 5 and 6 and finally mixed the three composite samples from Stations 7, 8 and 9 to produce the final three composite samples for TCLP analysis. Based on the number of samples at each station (3) and the number of stations (9), a total of 27 samples were collected initially but composited into three samples. At the City’s request, Terracon also collected three composite samples of the ballast materials that underlie the tracks and railroad ties. The stone ballast samples were analyzed for arsenic by the TCLP method. Each ballast stone sample was a composite of Site Investigation Report- Phase II Environmental Assessment TERRACON CATS Blue Line Extension – Norfolk Southern Right of Way November 14, 2011 7 three stations similar to the sampling protocol used for the composited soil samples described above. The data results from the ballast sampling were not planned or described in SS-QAPP Addendum 1, Revision A and as such were not subject to the Data Quality Objectives (DQOs) established in the Addendum document. The TCLP results for the stone ballast should be considered supplementary information only. Based on a request from the USEPA and the NCDENR during their review of Site-Specific QAPP Addendum 1, Terracon collected five additional soil samples (approximately 20% of total number of samples) from a depth of 0 to 2 feet bgs at Stations 2B, 4A, 5C, 7B, and 9A for analysis of herbicides and pesticides by EPA Methods 8081 and 8151. The qualitative (visual) and quantitative (laboratory-derived) data from soil and stone ballast samples were used to estimate the extent of environmental impact and to evaluate the potential risk to human health and the environment. Total arsenic data presented in Table 1 (Appendix B) were compared to the Industrial Carcinogenic Target Risk criteria for direct soil exposure, as listed in the USEPA Regional Screening Levels (RSLs) for Chemical Contaminants at Superfund Sites, updated June 2011. Table 1 in Appendix B provides a summation of the areas of investigation, station number, sample depth and type of analyses at each sampling station. The three Study Areas and the corresponding sampling stations are depicted on Figures 2 through 13 in Appendix A. 4.1 Blanks None of the analyzed constituents in the aqueous equipment blanks were reported above method detection limits. Based on quality control sample data collected during this assessment, the field conditions, field decontamination procedures, sample handling, and sample transport do not appear to have impacted our results. Arsenic was detected in two of the method blanks analyzed by the laboratory. A detailed discussion of the method blank results is provided under Precision and Accuracy in Section 5.2.1. 4.2 Potential Pathways for Contaminant Transport The use of arsenic-based herbicides along the railroad was intended to reduce the mobility of the herbicides once they were applied, and create a more effective control of vegetation growth over a longer period of time. By reducing the mobility of the herbicides, potential migration pathways and exposure routes to nearby receptors would also be limited. Based on our sampling protocol, the highest levels of total arsenic were detected in the soils from 0 to 2 feet bgs with significantly decreased concentrations at depths of 2 to 4 feet and 4 to Site Investigation Report- Phase II Environmental Assessment TERRACON CATS Blue Line Extension – Norfolk Southern Right of Way November 14, 2011 8 5 feet bgs. Analytical results of TCLP sampling conducted along the railroad right of way have demonstrated the relatively immobile nature of arsenic and its low potential for leaching from soils. In Terracon’s opinion, the potential for contaminant migration from the railroad right of way is low. 4.3 Potential Exposure Pathways Surface Soils – Currently, there is only a limited exposure potential from surface soils along the CATS BLE NS Right of Way due to controlled access by the railroad and the laboratory results indicated that most of the samples obtained along the railway are within the range of background levels for arsenic in Piedmont soils. Additionally, analytical results of TCLP sampling conducted along the railroad right of way has demonstrated the relatively immobile nature of arsenic and its low potential for leaching from the soils. In Terracon’s opinion, the exposure potential from surface soils along the railroad right of way is low. Indoor Air (vapor intrusion) – Since the contaminant of concern along the CATS BLE NS Right of Way is arsenic and no volatile or semi-volatile organic compounds (herbicides and pesticides) were detected during our assessment, there is no significant exposure potential for contaminant vapor migration from impacted soils at the site. Currently, there are no known plans for railway improvements that would create an exposure attributed to vapor migration. Surface Water – There is only one identified exposure route to surface water which is located within Study Area 2 where the railroad intersects an unnamed intermittent tributary of Little Sugar Creek. The intermittent drainage feature is apparently piped beneath the right of way. No surface water exposures were identified in Study Areas 1 or 3. The relatively immobile nature of arsenic and its low potential for leaching from soils supports Terracon’s opinion that the exposure potential for impact to surface water along the railroad right of way is low. Endangered Species – Based on a review of online endangered species information from the North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources and the US Fish and Wildlife Service, there are no documented federal or state threatened or endangered species identified on the site. In Terracon’s opinion, if the railroad has sprayed herbicides along their right-of-way to control vegetation, we would not expect threatened or endangered species to thrive in this environment. Groundwater – There are no identified exposure routes to groundwater currently existing at the site or in the immediate vicinity. Exposure pathways to groundwater may be limited to future site activities such as encountering shallow groundwater during excavation or other construction activities associated with the redevelopment of the railroad right of way associated with the CATS BLE. Currently, there are no known plans for such improvements Site Investigation Report- Phase II Environmental Assessment TERRACON CATS Blue Line Extension – Norfolk Southern Right of Way November 14, 2011 9 that would create an exposure to groundwater. 5.0 DATA QUALITY The Generic and Site-Specific QAPPs for this project set forth the procedures and methods for data collection, and specific procedures and adjustments necessary to maintain data quality to support the project decision. This assessment required both field and laboratory checks to monitor conformance to project quality limits. 5.1 Site-Specific Corrective Actions A field methods audit was not conducted during the field activities conducted for this assessment. During the recent fieldwork, assessment practices were conducted in a manner consistent with the methodology of the QAPP and relevant TSOPs except for the following variances: Assessment Variance #1: Pesticide and herbicide analyses were not conducted by Prism Laboratories, the laboratory identified in the Generic and Site-Specific QAPPs. Prism subcontracted these analyses to Access Analytical and Gulf Coast Analytical. These laboratories were not identified in either QAPP. Corrective Action #1: Terracon verified that both laboratories were North Carolina-certified laboratories for these analyses. Terracon contacted the laboratories and verified that all subcontracted analytical procedures were conducted in accordance with Prism’s Quality Assurance Manual that was included in the approved QAPP. The generated data was evaluated for quality through the processes described below. Assessment Variance #2: Terracon noted several sample identification transcription errors in Laboratory Reports 1080701 and 1080702. Corrective Action #2: Terracon contacted the laboratory, the errors were corrected, and the laboratory re-issued the reports. Assessment Variance #3: Terracon submitted additional sample aliquots for matrix spike (MS) and MS duplicate (MSD) analyses. In the case of the pesticide/herbicide analyses, the laboratory conducted a spike for MS/MSD on a wet weight basis as required by the method on an aliquot taken from a different sample. The aliquots provided by Terracon were spiked and “reported” as sample detections in the laboratory reports on a dry weight basis. Site Investigation Report- Phase II Environmental Assessment TERRACON CATS Blue Line Extension – Norfolk Southern Right of Way November 14, 2011 10 Corrective Action #3: Terracon contacted the laboratory in order to reconcile the difference in the MS/MSD results reported as detections in the laboratory report versus those reported in the QA/QC summary. Terracon determined that the MS/MSD data reported as detections were improperly reported on a dry weight basis. The wet weight MS/MSD data in the QA/QC summary was determined as the appropriate data for evaluating matrix effects on precision and accuracy. As such, the MS and MSD data reported as pesticide/herbicide sample detections is rejected and should not be used for any purpose. These variances have been documented herein as a potential source of uncertainty regarding the data. In Terracon’s opinion, the identified variances have not impacted the decision, and inconsistent sample record-keeping has not affected project objectives. 5.2 Quality Control Parameters To assess whether quality assurance objectives for this project have been achieved, the following QC parameters were considered: precision, accuracy, representativeness, comparability, completeness, and sensitivity. 5.2.1 Precision and Accuracy Precision Precision is typically evaluated using relative percent difference (RPD). Field duplicates were collected to evaluate sample precision. The laboratory analyzed and evaluated LCS and MS duplicates to assess analytical precision. A field duplicate was collected and assessed for arsenic samples only. No field duplicate was assessed for pesticide and herbicide analyses. The sample ST 8A (0-2), and field duplicate, ST 8A (0-2) Dup, had arsenic detections of 2.8 parts per million (ppm) and 2.9 ppm, respectively. The relative percent difference for this sample/duplicate pair is 3.5%, well within the 20% RPD goal described in the Generic QAPP. Based on the criteria described in the Generic QAPP, field sampling techniques have not likely impacted sample precision. MS Duplicates demonstrated multiple RPD failures in all three laboratory reports. Laboratory Report 1080701 had RPD failures with respect to both arsenic and pesticide/herbicide analyses. The RPDs for LCS duplicates were all within acceptable limits. For solid matrices, duplication of non-homogeneous samples (i.e. soils) is difficult due to matrix interference, which commonly results in elevated RPDs. In Terracon’s opinion, the elevated RPDs observed have not likely impacted the decision. Site Investigation Report- Phase II Environmental Assessment TERRACON CATS Blue Line Extension – Norfolk Southern Right of Way November 14, 2011 11 The Generic and Site-Specific QAPPs prescribed a 20% frequency for MS/MSD. Terracon identified 27 arsenic analyses in the 1080701 report, but only one MS/MSD was assessed. However, across the entire data set, 83 samples were collected, and six total MS/MSD pairs were assessed. In Terracon’s opinion, the lack of a second MS/MSD pair to evaluate matrix precision for this analytical batch has not likely impacted the decision. Accuracy Accuracy is evaluated using a percent recovery measured in spiked and un-spiked samples. Accuracy is a function of the laboratory method, and parameters regarding accuracy are included in the report provided by the laboratory. Laboratory accuracy controls were documented in accordance with the laboratory’s QA Manual (included as an appendix to Site-Specific QAPP Addendum 1, Revision A). Low recoveries for multiple analytes were reported for both MS and MSD analyses in all laboratory reports for this project. The corresponding LCS and LCSD control analyses met performance criteria, as did surrogate recoveries. The low spike recoveries were inconsistent; Terracon did not observe an apparent trend, indicating that the low recoveries may be due to matrix effects (heterogeneity is often inherent in solid-matrix samples). These inconsistent recoveries likely account for the precision issues discussed above. Despite potential low bias, multiple analytes were detected above applicable action levels. No single point was identified as the sole determinant of “clean” at any sample location, and all sensitivity criteria were met across the entire data set. In Terracon’s opinion, the potential low bias has not impacted the decision. Data discussions for each method/analyte are included in the “Case Narrative” sections of each lab report. Terracon has reviewed the case narrative and relevant QC sections for each laboratory report, and a summary of the documented “laboratory-report” specific accuracy issues relative to the decision is discussed below. Laboratory Report No. 1080701 No field or trip blanks were planned for this assessment. Potential impacts to accuracy due to field or sample transport conditions have not been evaluated. Equipment blanks were not planned as part of this assessment but were added later to assess field decontamination procedures. No arsenic was detected in the equipment blank analyzed for the samples collected on August 22, 2011. Field decontamination procedures have not impacted sample accuracy. Arsenic was detected in the method blank for Batch P1H0686-3050B at 0.0581 mg/kg. The effected samples are: ST 1A (2-4); ST 1A (4-5); ST 1B (0-2); ST 1B (2-4); ST 1B (4-5); ST 1C (0-2); ST 1C (2-4); ST 1C (4-5); ST 2A (0-2); ST 2A (2-4); ST 2A (4-5); ST 2B (0-2); ST Site Investigation Report- Phase II Environmental Assessment TERRACON CATS Blue Line Extension – Norfolk Southern Right of Way November 14, 2011 12 2B (2-4); ST 2B (4-5); ST 2C (0-2); and ST 2C (2-4). After accounting for high bias, no sample was identified (of those reported at or immediately above the applicable action level) that would subsequently fall below the action level “breakpoint”. In Terracon’s opinion, this potential source of high bias has not impacted the decision. Laboratory Report No. 1080702 No field or trip blanks were planned for this assessment. Potential impacts to accuracy due to field or sample transport conditions have not been evaluated. Equipment blanks were not planned as part of this assessment but were added later to assess field decontamination procedures. No arsenic was detected in the equipment blank analyzed for the samples collected on August 23 or August 24, 2011. Field decontamination procedures have not impacted sample accuracy. Arsenic was detected in the method blank for Batch P1I0076-3050B at 0.0581 mg/kg. The effected samples are: ST 6C (0-2); ST 6C (2-4); and ST 6C (4-5). The spike analyses for this batch also reported arsenic recoveries as much as 96% above control limits. After accounting for high bias, the ST 6C (0-2) sample is still two orders of magnitude above the action level. The remaining two samples, after accounting for bias, may have “actual” results approaching the action level breakpoint (though still above) and should be regarded with uncertainty if these data are to be used to estimate vertical extent of impact. In Terracon’s opinion, when considered in the context of the entire data set; this potential high bias has not significantly impacted the decision. Laboratory Report No. 1080719 No field or trip blanks were planned for this assessment. Potential impacts to accuracy due to field or sample transport conditions have not been evaluated. Equipment blanks were not planned as part of this assessment but were added later to assess field decontamination procedures. No arsenic was detected in the equipment blank analyzed for the samples collected on August 25, 2011. Field decontamination procedures have not impacted sample accuracy. Aside from the potential accuracy issues found in all laboratory reports and discussed in earlier sections; accuracy for this laboratory report has met all other acceptance criteria. 5.2.2 Representativeness Terracon has evaluated the representativeness of the Phase II ESA activities to document the degree to which the sample data accurately and precisely represents a characteristic of a population, parameter variations at a sampling point, or an environmental condition. Review of field methods and procedures indicated that sample collection, handling, and Site Investigation Report- Phase II Environmental Assessment TERRACON CATS Blue Line Extension – Norfolk Southern Right of Way November 14, 2011 13 transportation were conducted in accordance with the QAPP and Checklist. Review of analytical results indicates that the analytical data is generally uniform and consistent between sampling points. All samples should be considered representative except for the stone ballast samples: Ballast ST 1,2,3; Ballast ST 4,5,6; and Ballast ST 7,8,9. These samples were analyzed for arsenic using the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP). EPA Method 1311 is not representative for rock analysis. The method states that the laboratory select 100 grams of sample and wash 2 liters of water over it. Any materials that do not pass a 9.5 mm sieve must be pulverized then washed. In general, 100 grams of ballast stone may be as little as a single stone (from a composite of several locations), which was subsequently pulverized. The entire rock was analyzed; therefore, the sample was diluted by the mass of the entire rock. The data results from the ballast sampling were not planned or described in SS-QAPP Addendum 1, Revision A and as such were not subject to the DQOs established in the Addendum document. The TCLP results for the stone ballast should be considered supplementary information only. 5.2.3 Completeness All samples were collected and analyzed according to the proposed sample schedule and chain-of-custody documentation. Completeness was determined to be 100%. 5.2.4 Comparability To produce comparable data, the units specified for analytical results obtained during the field activities are consistent throughout this project and standardized analytical methods have been used for each parameter. 5.2.5 Sensitivity Sensitivity is an instanced measure of a particular set of sample detection limits against the applicable action level. Sufficient sensitivity implies that for a given analyte, detection limits were low enough to evaluate a “non-detect” versus the action level. Conversely, insufficient sensitivity implies that even though a given analyte may not be detected above an action level, the detection limit is elevated above the action level. In such a case, it is unknown if the analyte is present at the site above an action level. Terracon reviewed the three laboratory reports generated during this assessment. Laboratory quantitation limits were sufficient to report concentrations below the applicable standards for all analytes. 5.3 Laboratory Data Evaluation The laboratory completed validation and verification of laboratory processes and data, and delivered a laboratory report to the Terracon Data Reviewer. The laboratory report and the Site Investigation Report- Phase II Environmental Assessment TERRACON CATS Blue Line Extension – Norfolk Southern Right of Way November 14, 2011 14 QC information contained therein documents compliance to the QAPP. Soil data were compared to the Industrial criteria for direct soil exposure, as listed in the USEPA Regional Screening Levels (RSLs) for Chemical Contaminants at Superfund Sites, updated June 2011. Soils TCLP data were compared to Title 40, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 261- Identification and Listing of Hazardous Waste. Data qualifiers were used by the contract laboratory when presenting data in the laboratory reports included in Appendix C. These qualifiers are presented at the beginning of each laboratory report. Data usability determination is also a part of data evaluation. After data quality has been assessed, and the analytical data has been reviewed and qualifier codes have been applied, these data must be individually identified and assessed for usability. Sample data (both with and without qualifier codes) may be generally spoken of as either qualitative (Level A), quantitative (Level B), or unusable. Obviously, within any matrix, it is likely certain samples may have parameters that require qualifier codes. A discussion of these qualifier codes for each level is provided below if warranted. 5.3.1 Qualitative Data – Level A Qualitative data are often referred to as Level A data. All screening data is considered Level A data. Screening data may not be considered as Level B data, and cannot be used to make site management decisions. Data in this level also include “J” coded data. These data are considered to be an estimated quantity, i.e., a presence or absence value. Any sample data receiving an “R” qualifier code, “N” code, “NJ” qualifier, or an unexplained “B” qualifier code was not classified as Level A data and was considered unusable for making site decisions (none of these codes were identified). Data with a “J” code were not automatically classified as qualitative data only; these data were considered as Level B (quantitative) data depending on bias, and were evaluated on a case by case basis. Data reported with a “U” code can also be classified as Level B data provided the detection limit was not above an applicable regulatory action level for that analyte. All field-screening and field-instrument-derived data was accepted as Level A only and was not considered for inclusion as Level B data. All analytical data received as part of the analytical packages for this site were accepted as Level A data. No qualifier codes were identified that exclude a data point as unusable. 5.3.2 Quantitative Data – Level B Site Investigation Report- Phase II Environmental Assessment TERRACON CATS Blue Line Extension – Norfolk Southern Right of Way November 14, 2011 15 Data at this level are referred to as Level B data. Only data meeting field and analytical data usability requirements may be classified as Level B data. This means all quality assurance parameters have been satisfied, including quality control and quality assessment. Only data that were found to be analytically valid and passed all criteria for Level A were considered for classification at Level B. These data are considered definitive and may be used for any purpose. The arsenic results for samples ST 6C (2-4) and ST 6C (4-5) were rejected as Level B data due to potential high bias of this compound. The TCLP results for samples Ballast ST 1, 2, 3; Ballast ST 4,5,6; and Ballast ST 7,8,9 were rejected because the data are not representative with respect to the DQOs set in SS-QAPP Addendum 1, Revision A. The pesticide/herbicide MS and MSD data reported as detections in the laboratory reports is rejected because they are duplicate QA/QC data improperly reported on a dry weight basis. In reviewing the laboratory results, several analytes are reported as detections with “J” data qualifiers, indicating the reported value is an estimate reported within the 95% confidence interval. These compounds were detected above the Method Detection Limit (MDL), but below the reporting detection limit (RDL). The MDL is the lowest concentration at which an analyte can be detected in a sample by the particular laboratory method used. “Detected” indicates that the analyte can be distinguished from the blank with reasonable certainty. The RDL (also called practical quantitation limit or PQL) is approximately five times the MDL or the lower calibration standard- whichever is higher. Results above the RDL can be distinguished from the blank and fall within applicable standard curves. For the purposes of this assessment, all “J” qualified data are considered acceptable for making site management decisions as these data are not the sole determinant of “clean.” All laboratory- derived data are accepted as Level B data except those failing the criteria as discussed above; however, the data failing project-use criteria are not the sole determinant of clean for any area of the site and may be viewed as qualitative support for the entire data set. The entire data set can be reconciled against detection limits and/or regulatory criteria (decision error). Qualified data meeting acceptance criteria for sensitivity has been considered against applicable action levels in evaluating extent of impacts. As such, in Terracon’s opinion, the decision has not been impacted. 6.0 ASSESSMENT SUMMARY Based on the results of this study, the general findings of the assessment conducted along the CATS BLE NS Right of Way in Charlotte, North Carolina are itemized below: x Total arsenic analytical results for the 81 samples ranged from less than 1 mg/kg in several samples to 260 mg/kg (Station 1B at 0-2 feet). Site Investigation Report- Phase II Environmental Assessment TERRACON CATS Blue Line Extension – Norfolk Southern Right of Way November 14, 2011 16 x The average concentration for total arsenic (16.9 mg/kg) for the 81 samples collected during the project is well within the range of arsenic background levels found in Piedmont soils as referenced in the Environmental Assessment of Arsenic Concentrations in Soil and Ballast, Charlotte Vintage Trolley Corridor, by SCS Engineers, dated July 1999 which considered arsenic levels below 50 mg/kg to be consistent with background concentrations. Background levels for total arsenic in Piedmont soils are also referenced in Elements in South Carolina Inferred Background Soil and Stream Sediment Samples, by Judy L. Canova of the South Carolina Department of Environmental Control (SCDHEC), reported in South Carolina Geology, v. 41, dated 1999 which considered arsenic levels below 45 mg/kg to be consistent with background concentrations. x Unpublished data from the NCDENR indicates that total arsenic levels within Piedmont soils range from less than 1 mg/kg to 220 mg/kg which are consistent with the range of total arsenic concentrations detected along the CATS BLE NS Right of Way. x Highest total arsenic concentrations are found in the 0-2 ft interval where the greatest exposure is expected if arsenic-based herbicides were applied to the right- of-way. Total arsenic was detected above typical background levels in the 0-2 ft interval in only seven of 27 boring locations (Stations 1A, 1B, 1C, 4A, 5A, 5B, and 6C). Total arsenic concentrations in the 0-2 ft interval range from less than 1 mg/kg to 260 mg/kg with an average concentration for total arsenic of 39.8 mg/kg. Although seven sample locations exceed background levels, the average concentration for total arsenic in the 0-2 ft interval is consistent with background concentrations in Piedmont soils. x Analytical results indicate total arsenic concentrations decrease at depth. The range of total arsenic levels in the 2-4 ft interval varies from less than 1 mg/kg to 38 mg/kg (average total arsenic concentration of 6.39 mg/kg) while total arsenic levels in the 4-5 ft interval range from less than 1 mg/kg to 26 mg/kg (average total arsenic concentration of 4.81 mg/kg). x No herbicide or pesticide concentrations were detected above the reporting limits in the five soil samples collected within the three Study Areas. x None of the samples selected for TCLP arsenic analysis indicated a potential for arsenic to leach from the soils. x None of the ballast rock samples selected for TCLP arsenic analysis indicated a potential for arsenic to leach from the ballast materials. Site Investigation Report- Phase II Environmental Assessment TERRACON CATS Blue Line Extension – Norfolk Southern Right of Way November 14, 2011 17 The null hypothesis has been tested and confirmed: Based on quantitative sample data of relevant environmental media, can the Norfolk Southern Right of Way be considered feasible for future development and use for the CATS Blue Line Extension without environmental remedy? Based on the results of the sampling activities conducted along the CATS BLE NS Right of Way, impact by arsenic-based herbicides or another source of arsenic appears to be limited to the surface soils and only in selected areas (Study Areas 1 and 2) along the railroad right of way.. Since the average arsenic concentration (16.9 mg/kg) of the 81 analyzed samples is within anticipated background levels, mass grading operations conducted along the railway as part of the CATS BLE redevelopment are not expected to generate soils above typical total arsenic background concentrations. Based on the data reviewed, the Norfolk Southern Railroad Right of Way is feasible for future development and use for the CATS Blue Line Extension. Appendix A Figures S T U D Y A R E A 1 S T U D Y A R E A 2 S T U D Y A R E A 3 P r o j e c t M n g r : A p p r o v e d B y : C h e c k e d B y : D r a w n B y : P r o j e c t N o . S c a l e : D a t e : F i l e N o . C o n s u l t i n g E n g i n e e r s a n d S c i e n t i s t s F I G . N o . 5 2 1 C L E M S O N R O A D C O L U M B I A , S C 2 9 2 2 9 F A X . ( 8 0 3 ) 7 4 1 - 9 9 0 0 P H . ( 8 0 3 ) 7 4 1 - 9 0 0 0 C L C B W S C B B C R C 7 1 1 0 7 7 8 1 N T S 7 1 1 0 7 7 8 1 S E P T E M B E R 2 0 1 1 A R S E N I C S T U D Y A R E A S 1 C A T S B L E N S R I G H T - O F - W A Y C H A R L O T T E , N O R T H C A R O L I N A CHARLOTTE EAST, USGS 7.5-MINUTE SERIES TOPOGRAPHIC MAP DATED 1 9 6 7 , R E V I S E D 1 9 8 8 . STATI O N 1 E . 1 6 T H S T R E E T P A R K W O O D A V E N U E S T A T I O N 2 A R S E N I C S T U D Y A R E A P r o j e c t M n g r : A p p r o v e d B y : C h e c k e d B y : D r a w n B y : P r o j e c t N o . S c a l e : D a t e : F i l e N o . C o n s u l t i n g E n g i n e e r s a n d S c i e n t i s t s F I G . N o . 5 2 1 C L E M S O N R O A D C O L U M B I A , S C 2 9 2 2 9 F A X . ( 8 0 3 ) 7 4 1 - 9 9 0 0 P H . ( 8 0 3 ) 7 4 1 - 9 0 0 0 C L C B W S C B B C R C 7 1 1 0 7 7 8 1 A S S H O W N 7 1 1 0 7 7 8 1 S E P T E M B E R 2 0 1 1 A R S E N I C S T U D Y A R E A 1 - S T A T I O N L O C A T I O N S 1 A N D 2 2 C A T S B L E N S R I G H T - O F - W A Y C H A R L O T T E , N O R T H C A R O L I N A S C A L E I N F E E T 0 120 2 0 1 2 0 6 0 4 0 AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY WAS PROVIDED BY GOOGLE MAPS C R A I G H E A D R O A D N . D A V I D S O N S T R E E T E. 36TH STREETSTATION 3 S T A T I O N 4 S T A T I O N 5 S T A T I O N 6 A R S E N I C S T U D Y A R E A P r o j e c t M n g r : A p p r o v e d B y : C h e c k e d B y : D r a w n B y : P r o j e c t N o . S c a l e : D a t e : F i l e N o . C o n s u l t i n g E n g i n e e r s a n d S c i e n t i s t s F I G . N o . 5 2 1 C L E M S O N R O A D C O L U M B I A , S C 2 9 2 2 9 F A X . ( 8 0 3 ) 7 4 1 - 9 9 0 0 P H . ( 8 0 3 ) 7 4 1 - 9 0 0 0 C L C B W S C B B C R C 7 1 1 0 7 7 8 1 A S S H O W N 7 1 1 0 7 7 8 1 S E P T E M B E R 2 0 1 1 A R S E N I C S T U D Y A R E A 2 - S T A T I O N L O C A T I O N S 3 , 4 , 5 , A N D 6 3 C A T S B L E N S R I G H T - O F - W A Y C H A R L O T T E , N O R T H C A R O L I N A S C A L E I N F E E T 0 2 0 0 5 0 2 0 0 1 0 0 AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY WAS PROVIDED BY GOOGLE MAPS N . D A V I D S O N S T R E E T CRAIGHEAD ROAD W . S U G A R C R E E K R O A D STATION 7 S T A T I O N 8 S T A T I O N 9 A R S E N I C S T U D Y A R E A P r o j e c t M n g r : A p p r o v e d B y : C h e c k e d B y : D r a w n B y : P r o j e c t N o . S c a l e : D a t e : F i l e N o . C o n s u l t i n g E n g i n e e r s a n d S c i e n t i s t s F I G . N o . 5 2 1 C L E M S O N R O A D C O L U M B I A , S C 2 9 2 2 9 F A X . ( 8 0 3 ) 7 4 1 - 9 9 0 0 P H . ( 8 0 3 ) 7 4 1 - 9 0 0 0 C L C B W S C B B C R C 7 1 1 0 7 7 8 1 A S S H O W N 7 1 1 0 7 7 8 1 S E P T E M B E R 2 0 1 1 A R S E N I C S T U D Y A R E A 3 - S T A T I O N L O C A T I O N S 7 , 8 , A N D 9 4 C A T S B L E N S R I G H T - O F - W A Y C H A R L O T T E , N O R T H C A R O L I N A S C A L E I N F E E T 0 200 5 0 2 0 0 1 0 0 AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY WAS PROVIDED BY GOOGLE MAPS RAILROAD RAI L S RAILROAD CROSS TI E S APPROXIMA T E EXTENT O F BALLA S T 8 ' 1 6 ' A B C CENTER LINE Project Mngr:Approved By:Checked By:Drawn By:Project No.Scale:Date:File No.Consul t i n g E n g i n e e r s a n d S c i e n t i s t s F I G . N o . 521 CLEMSON R O A D C O L U M B I A , S C 2 9 2 2 9 F A X . ( 8 0 3 ) 7 4 1 - 9 9 0 0 PH. (803) 741-9 0 0 0 CLCBWSCBBCRC71107781AS SHOWN71107781SEPTEMBER 2011 A R S E N I C S A M P L I N G L O C A T I O N S T A T I O N N O . 1 5 C A T S B L E N S R I G H T - O F - W A Y C H A R L O T T E , N O R T H C A R O L I N A S C A L E I N F E E T 0 4 1 4 2 N RAILROAD R A I L S RAILROAD CROSS T I E S APPROXIM A T E EXTEN T O F BALL A S T 8 ' 1 6 ' A B C CENTER LINE 4 ' Project Mngr:Approved By:Checked By:Drawn By:Project No.Scale:Date:File No.Consul t i n g E n g i n e e r s a n d S c i e n t i s t s F I G . N o . 521 CLEMSON R O A D C O L U M B I A , S C 2 9 2 2 9 F A X . ( 8 0 3 ) 7 4 1 - 9 9 0 0 PH. (803) 741-9 0 0 0 CLCBWSCBBCRC71107781AS SHOWN71107781SEPTEMBER 2011 A R S E N I C S A M P L I N G L O C A T I O N S T A T I O N N O . 2 6 C A T S B L E N S R I G H T - O F - W A Y C H A R L O T T E , N O R T H C A R O L I N A S C A L E I N F E E T 0 4 1 4 2 N RAILROAD RAI L S RAILROAD CROSS TI E S APPROXIMA T E EXTENT O F BALLA S T 8 ' 1 6 ' A B C CENTER LINE Project Mngr:Approved By:Checked By:Drawn By:Project No.Scale:Date:File No.Consul t i n g E n g i n e e r s a n d S c i e n t i s t s F I G . N o . 521 CLEMSON R O A D C O L U M B I A , S C 2 9 2 2 9 F A X . ( 8 0 3 ) 7 4 1 - 9 9 0 0 PH. (803) 741-9 0 0 0 CLCBWSCBBCRC71107781AS SHOWN71107781SEPTEMBER 2011 A R S E N I C S A M P L I N G L O C A T I O N S T A T I O N N O . 3 7 C A T S B L E N S R I G H T - O F - W A Y C H A R L O T T E , N O R T H C A R O L I N A S C A L E I N F E E T 0 4 1 4 2 N RAILROAD R A I L S RAILROAD CROSS T I E S APPROXI M A T E EXTE N T O F BA L L A S T 8 ' 1 6 ' A B C CENTER LINE 4 ' Project Mngr:Approved By:Checked By:Drawn By:Project No.Scale:Date:File No.Consul t i n g E n g i n e e r s a n d S c i e n t i s t s F I G . N o . 521 CLEMSON R O A D C O L U M B I A , S C 2 9 2 2 9 F A X . ( 8 0 3 ) 7 4 1 - 9 9 0 0 PH. (803) 741-9 0 0 0 CLCBWSCBBCRC71107781AS SHOWN71107781SEPTEMBER 2011 A R S E N I C S A M P L I N G L O C A T I O N S T A T I O N N O . 4 8 C A T S B L E N S R I G H T - O F - W A Y C H A R L O T T E , N O R T H C A R O L I N A S C A L E I N F E E T 0 4 1 4 2 N RAILROAD R A I L S RAILROAD CROSS T I E S APPROXI M A T E EXTE N T O F BA L L A S T 8 ' 1 6 ' A B C CENTER LINE 4 ' Project Mngr:Approved By:Checked By:Drawn By:Project No.Scale:Date:File No.Consul t i n g E n g i n e e r s a n d S c i e n t i s t s F I G . N o . 521 CLEMSON R O A D C O L U M B I A , S C 2 9 2 2 9 F A X . ( 8 0 3 ) 7 4 1 - 9 9 0 0 PH. (803) 741-9 0 0 0 CLCBWSCBBCRC71107781AS SHOWN71107781SEPTEMBER 2011 A R S E N I C S A M P L I N G L O C A T I O N S T A T I O N N O . 5 9 C A T S B L E N S R I G H T - O F - W A Y C H A R L O T T E , N O R T H C A R O L I N A S C A L E I N F E E T 0 4 1 4 2 N RAILROAD RAI L S RAILROAD CROSS TI E S APPROXIMA T E EXTENT O F BALLA S T 8 ' 1 6 ' A B C CENTER LINE Project Mngr:Approved By:Checked By:Drawn By:Project No.Scale:Date:File No.Consul t i n g E n g i n e e r s a n d S c i e n t i s t s F I G . N o . 521 CLEMSON R O A D C O L U M B I A , S C 2 9 2 2 9 F A X . ( 8 0 3 ) 7 4 1 - 9 9 0 0 PH. (803) 741-9 0 0 0 CLCBWSCBBCRC71107781AS SHOWN71107781SEPTEMBER 2011 A R S E N I C S A M P L I N G L O C A T I O N S T A T I O N N O . 6 1 0 C A T S B L E N S R I G H T - O F - W A Y C H A R L O T T E , N O R T H C A R O L I N A S C A L E I N F E E T 0 4 1 4 2 N RAILROAD RAI L S RAILROAD CROSS TI E S APPROXIMA T E EXTENT O F BALLA S T 8 ' 1 6 ' A B C CENTER LINE Project Mngr:Approved By:Checked By:Drawn By:Project No.Scale:Date:File No.Consul t i n g E n g i n e e r s a n d S c i e n t i s t s F I G . N o . 521 CLEMSON R O A D C O L U M B I A , S C 2 9 2 2 9 F A X . ( 8 0 3 ) 7 4 1 - 9 9 0 0 PH. (803) 741-9 0 0 0 CLCBWSCBBCRC71107781AS SHOWN71107781SEPTEMBER 2011 A R S E N I C S A M P L I N G L O C A T I O N S T A T I O N N O . 7 1 1 C A T S B L E N S R I G H T - O F - W A Y C H A R L O T T E , N O R T H C A R O L I N A S C A L E I N F E E T 0 4 1 4 2 N RAILROAD RAI L S RAILROAD CROSS TI E S APPROXIMA T E EXTENT O F BALLA S T 8 ' 1 6 ' A B C CENTER LINE Project Mngr:Approved By:Checked By:Drawn By:Project No.Scale:Date:File No.Consul t i n g E n g i n e e r s a n d S c i e n t i s t s F I G . N o . 521 CLEMSON R O A D C O L U M B I A , S C 2 9 2 2 9 F A X . ( 8 0 3 ) 7 4 1 - 9 9 0 0 PH. (803) 741-9 0 0 0 CLCBWSCBBCRC71107781AS SHOWN71107781SEPTEMBER 2011 A R S E N I C S A M P L I N G L O C A T I O N S T A T I O N N O . 8 1 2 C A T S B L E N S R I G H T - O F - W A Y C H A R L O T T E , N O R T H C A R O L I N A S C A L E I N F E E T 0 4 1 4 2 N RAILROA D R A I L S RAILROAD CRO S S T I E S APPRO X I M A T E EXT E N T O F B A L L A S T 8 ' 1 4 ' A B C CENTER LINE Project Mngr:Approved By:Checked By:Drawn By:Project No.Scale:Date:File No.Consul t i n g E n g i n e e r s a n d S c i e n t i s t s F I G . N o . 521 CLEMSON R O A D C O L U M B I A , S C 2 9 2 2 9 F A X . ( 8 0 3 ) 7 4 1 - 9 9 0 0 PH. (803) 741-9 0 0 0 CLCBWSCBBCRC71107781AS SHOWN71107781SEPTEMBER 2011 A R S E N I C S A M P L I N G L O C A T I O N S T A T I O N N O . 9 1 3 C A T S B L E N S R I G H T - O F - W A Y C H A R L O T T E , N O R T H C A R O L I N A S C A L E I N F E E T 0 4 1 4 2 N Appendix B Table 1- Arsenic Soil Sampling Results Table 1: Arsenic Soil Sampling Results CATS BLE Norfolk Southern Right of Way Terracon Project No. 71107781 SOIL SOIL BALLAST 0-2 57 0.56 0.064 2-4 1.9 1.2 0.14 4-5 2.2 1.2 0.14 0-2 260 1.2 0.13 2-4 4.7 1.3 0.14 4-5 2.9 1.2 0.14 0-2 140 1.3 0.15 2-4 23 1.2 0.14 4-5 4.7 1.2 0.14 0-2 12 1.3 0.15 2-4 0.63 J 1.5 0.16 4-5 0.70 J 1.4 0.16 0-2 42 0.69 0.078 2-4 1.3 J 1.4 0.15 4-5 4.7 1.3 0.15 0-2 2.9 1.4 0.16 2-4 1.5 1.5 0.17 4-5 5.2 1.4 0.16 0-2 7.4 1.4 0.16 2-4 13 1.5 0.17 4-5 26 1.6 0.18 0-2 33 1.3 0.15 2-4 6.4 1.4 0.15 4-5 6.0 1.4 0.16 0-2 7.2 1.4 0.15 2-4 2.7 1.5 0.17 4-5 4.1 1.5 0.16 Equipment Blank NA BRL 0.010 0.0020 METHOD DETECTION LIMIT mg/L STATION 1 A B C SAMPLE LOCATION ARSENIC / TCLP EXTRACTION (Method 6010C/1311) mg/L BELOW RECORDABLE LIMITS BELOW RECORDABLE LIMITS 0.050 0.010 ARSENIC (Method 6010C) mg/kg DEPTH feet RECORDABLE LIMIT mg/kg METHOD DETECTION LIMIT mg/kg RECORDABLE LIMIT mg/L STATION 2 STATION 3 A B C A B C Typical background levels for arsenic in soils range from 0 to 45 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg). Results highlighted in yellow indicate soils impacted by arsenic above normal background levels. The industrial carcinogenic screening level for arsenic is 1.6 mg/kg. Pesticide and herbicide analytical results were below the method detction limits at sample locations (ST 2B, ST 4A, ST 5C, ST 7B, and ST 9A (0-2 ft)). DM: Sample diluted due to matrix interference J: Constituent detected below the reporting limit BRL: Below Reporting Limit MDL: Method Detection Limit NA: Not Applicable Table 1: Arsenic Soil Sampling Results CATS BLE Norfolk Southern Right of Way Terracon Project No. 71107781 SOIL SOIL BALLAST METHOD DETECTION LIMIT mg/L STATION 1 A SAMPLE LOCATION ARSENIC / TCLP EXTRACTION (Method 6010C/1311) mg/L BELOW RECORDABLE LIMITS BELOW RECORDABLE LIMITS 0.050 0.010 ARSENIC (Method 6010C) mg/kg DEPTH feet RECORDABLE LIMIT mg/kg METHOD DETECTION LIMIT mg/kg RECORDABLE LIMIT mg/L 0-2 92 0.71 0.081 2-4 7.5 0.79 0.090 4-5 2.0 0.71 0.080 0-2 3.5 0.67 0.076 2-4 2.1 0.66 0.075 4-5 2.4 0.70 0.079 0-2 4.7 0.71 0.080 2-4 1.3 0.61 0.069 4-5 0.77 0.58 0.066 0-2 120 0.64 0.073 2-4 38 0.63 0.071 4-5 4.2 0.66 0.075 0-2 95 0.65 0.074 2-4 18 0.58 0.066 4-5 13 0.66 0.074 0-2 41 0.85 0.096 2-4 21 0.60 0.068 4-5 23 0.54 0.061 0-2 2.5 0.63 0.071 2-4 1.9 0.72 0.081 4-5 1.8 0.63 0.071 0-2 3.1 0.67 0.076 2-4 2.5 0.61 0.069 4-5 2.9 0.63 0.071 0-2 130 1.2 0.14 2-4 10 1.3 0.15 4-5 9.8 1.3 0.14 Equipment Blank NA BRL 0.010 0.0020 Equipment Blank NA BRL 0.010 0.0020 STATION 4 A BELOW RECORDABLE LIMITS BELOW RECORDABLE LIMITS 0.050 A B C STATION 6 A B C B C STATION 5 Typical background levels for arsenic in soils range from 0 to 45 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg). Results highlighted in yellow indicate soils impacted by arsenic above normal background levels. The industrial carcinogenic screening level for arsenic is 1.6 mg/kg. Pesticide and herbicide analytical results were below the method detction limits at sample locations (ST 2B, ST 4A, ST 5C, ST 7B, and ST 9A (0-2 ft)). 0.010 DM: Sample diluted due to matrix interference J: Constituent detected below the reporting limit BRL: Below Reporting Limit MDL: Method Detection Limit NA: Not Applicable Table 1: Arsenic Soil Sampling Results CATS BLE Norfolk Southern Right of Way Terracon Project No. 71107781 SOIL SOIL BALLAST METHOD DETECTION LIMIT mg/L STATION 1 A SAMPLE LOCATION ARSENIC / TCLP EXTRACTION (Method 6010C/1311) mg/L BELOW RECORDABLE LIMITS BELOW RECORDABLE LIMITS 0.050 0.010 ARSENIC (Method 6010C) mg/kg DEPTH feet RECORDABLE LIMIT mg/kg METHOD DETECTION LIMIT mg/kg RECORDABLE LIMIT mg/L 0-2 2.6 1.3 0.15 2-4 1.1 J 1.4 0.16 4-5 0.80 J 1.4 0.16 0-2 1.5 1.4 0.15 2-4 1.0 J 1.4 0.16 4-5 1.1 J 1.5 0.16 0-2 1.7 1.3 0.15 2-4 1.3 1.3 0.15 4-5 1.5 1.3 0.15 0-2 2.8 1.1 0.12 2-4 3.1 DM 1.3 0.15 4-5 3.3 DM 1.2 0.14 0-2 3.6 DM 1.4 0.16 2-4 2.0 DM 1.4 0.16 4-5 1.8 DM 1.4 0.16 0-2 2.6 DM 1.3 0.15 2-4 2.4 DM 1.3 0.15 4-5 2.2 DM 1.3 0.15 0-2 1.6 DM 1.2 0.14 2-4 2.2 DM 1.2 0.14 4-5 1.6 DM 1.2 0.13 0-2 2.2 DM 1.2 0.13 2-4 2.0 DM 1.1 0.13 4-5 0.37 J DM 1.8 0.20 0-2 0.62 J DM 1.8 0.20 2-4 BRL DM 1.8 0.21 4-5 0.75 J DM 1.8 0.20 STATION 8 A DUP 0-2 2.9 DM 1.1 0.13 Equipment Blank NA BRL 0.010 0.0020 Equipment Blank NA BRL 0.010 0.0020 BELOW RECORDABLE LIMITS 0.050STATION 8 A B C STATION 9 A B C Typical background levels for arsenic in soils range from 0 to 45 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg). Results highlighted in yellow indicate soils impacted by arsenic above normal background levels. 0.010 B C The industrial carcinogenic screening level for arsenic is 1.6 mg/kg. Pesticide and herbicide analytical results were below the method detction limits at sample locations (ST 2B, ST 4A, ST 5C, ST 7B, and ST 9A (0-2 ft)). STATION 7 A BELOW RECORDABLE LIMITS DM: Sample diluted due to matrix interference J: Constituent detected below the reporting limit BRL: Below Reporting Limit MDL: Method Detection Limit NA: Not Applicable Appendix C Laboratory Analytical Reports Page 1 of 59 Page 2 of 59 Page 3 of 59 Page 4 of 59 Page 5 of 59 Page 6 of 59 Page 7 of 59 Page 8 of 59 Page 9 of 59 Page 10 of 59 Page 11 of 59 Page 12 of 59 Page 13 of 59 Page 14 of 59 Page 15 of 59 Page 16 of 59 Page 17 of 59 Page 18 of 59 Page 19 of 59 Page 20 of 59 Page 21 of 59 Page 22 of 59 Page 23 of 59 Page 24 of 59 Page 25 of 59 Page 26 of 59 Page 27 of 59 Page 28 of 59 Page 29 of 59 Page 30 of 59 Page 31 of 59 Page 32 of 59 Page 33 of 59 Page 34 of 59 Page 35 of 59 Page 36 of 59 Page 37 of 59 Page 38 of 59 Page 39 of 59 Page 40 of 59 Page 41 of 59 Page 42 of 59 Page 43 of 59 Page 44 of 59 Page 45 of 59 Page 46 of 59 Page 47 of 59 Page 48 of 59 Page 49 of 59 Page 50 of 59 Page 51 of 59 Page 52 of 59 Page 53 of 59 Page 54 of 59 Page 55 of 59 Page 56 of 59 Page 57 of 59 Page 58 of 59 Page 59 of 59 Page 1 of 62 Page 2 of 62 Page 3 of 62 Page 4 of 62 Page 5 of 62 Page 6 of 62 Page 7 of 62 Page 8 of 62 Page 9 of 62 Page 10 of 62 Page 11 of 62 Page 12 of 62 Page 13 of 62 Page 14 of 62 Page 15 of 62 Page 16 of 62 Page 17 of 62 Page 18 of 62 Page 19 of 62 Page 20 of 62 Page 21 of 62 Page 22 of 62 Page 23 of 62 Page 24 of 62 Page 25 of 62 Page 26 of 62 Page 27 of 62 Page 28 of 62 Page 29 of 62 Page 30 of 62 Page 31 of 62 Page 32 of 62 Page 33 of 62 Page 34 of 62 Page 35 of 62 Page 36 of 62 Page 37 of 62 Page 38 of 62 Page 39 of 62 Page 40 of 62 Page 41 of 62 Page 42 of 62 Page 43 of 62 Page 44 of 62 Page 45 of 62 Page 46 of 62 Page 47 of 62 Page 48 of 62 Page 49 of 62 Page 50 of 62 Page 51 of 62 Page 52 of 62 Page 53 of 62 Page 54 of 62 Page 55 of 62 Page 56 of 62 Page 57 of 62 Page 58 of 62 Page 59 of 62 Page 60 of 62 Page 61 of 62 Page 62 of 62 Page 1 of 67 Page 2 of 67 Page 3 of 67 Page 4 of 67 Page 5 of 67 Page 6 of 67 Page 7 of 67 Page 8 of 67 Page 9 of 67 Page 10 of 67 Page 11 of 67 Page 12 of 67 Page 13 of 67 Page 14 of 67 Page 15 of 67 Page 16 of 67 Page 17 of 67 Page 18 of 67 Page 19 of 67 Page 20 of 67 Page 21 of 67 Page 22 of 67 Page 23 of 67 Page 24 of 67 Page 25 of 67 Page 26 of 67 Page 27 of 67 Page 28 of 67 Page 29 of 67 Page 30 of 67 Page 31 of 67 Page 32 of 67 Page 33 of 67 Page 34 of 67 Page 35 of 67 Page 36 of 67 Page 37 of 67 Page 38 of 67 Page 39 of 67 Page 40 of 67 Page 41 of 67 Page 42 of 67 Page 43 of 67 Page 44 of 67 Page 45 of 67 Page 46 of 67 Page 47 of 67 Page 48 of 67 Page 49 of 67 Page 50 of 67 Page 51 of 67 Page 52 of 67 Page 53 of 67 Page 54 of 67 Page 55 of 67 Page 56 of 67 Page 57 of 67 Page 58 of 67 Page 59 of 67 Page 60 of 67 Page 61 of 67 Page 62 of 67 Page 63 of 67 Page 64 of 67 Page 65 of 67 Page 66 of 67 Page 67 of 67