HomeMy WebLinkAbout18051_Raleigh_Residence_Phase_I_20140828#C-1269 Engineering
#-245 Geology
DRAFT
Phase I ESA
Parking Lot
616 S. Salisbury Street
Raleigh, North Carolina
H&H Job No. SUM-001
August 28, 2014
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Phase I Environmental Site Assessment
Parking Lot
616 S. Salisbury Street
Raleigh, North Carolina H&H Job No. SUM-001
Table of Contents
1.0 Executive Summary ................................................................................................................1
1.1 Property Summary .................................................................................................................1
1.2 Findings, Opinions, and Conclusions ....................................................................................2
2.0 Introduction .............................................................................................................................5
2.1 Purpose and Scope of Services ..............................................................................................5
2.2 Methodology ..........................................................................................................................5
2.3 Limitations and Exceptions of Assessment ...........................................................................6
2.4 Special Terms and Conditions ...............................................................................................6
2.5 Data Gaps and Limitations ....................................................................................................7
3.0 Site and Area Description ......................................................................................................8
3.1 General Site Description and Use ..........................................................................................8
3.2 Site Structures and Improvements .........................................................................................8
3.3 Property Owner, Manager, and Occupant..............................................................................9
3.4 Vicinity Characteristics .........................................................................................................9
3.5 Physical Setting ...................................................................................................................10
4.0 Records Review .....................................................................................................................12
4.1 Standard Environmental Record Sources – Federal, State and Local .................................12
4.2 Regulatory Agency File and Records Review .....................................................................15
4.3 Interviews ............................................................................................................................18
4.4 Historical Use Information ..................................................................................................19
5.0 Site Reconnaissance ..............................................................................................................23
5.1 Hazardous Substances .........................................................................................................23
5.2 Storage Tanks and Sumps ....................................................................................................23
5.3 Water and Wastewater Issues ..............................................................................................24
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5.4 Indications of PCBs .............................................................................................................24
5.5 Indications of Waste Disposal .............................................................................................24
5.6 Surface Conditions ..............................................................................................................25
5.7 Stormwater and Flood Information .....................................................................................25
6.0 Signatures of Environmental Professionals ........................................................................26
7.0 Qualifications of Environmental Professionals Conducting the Phase I ESA ................27
List of Figures
Figure 1 Site Location Map
Figure 2 Site Map
List of Appendices
Appendix A User Questionnaire
Appendix B Wake County Tax Record
Appendix C EDR Reports
Appendix D Supporting Documentation
Appendix E Site Photographs
Appendix F Curriculum Vitae
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Phase I Environmental Site Assessment
Parking Lot
616 S. Salisbury Street
Raleigh, North Carolina H&H Job No. SUM-001
1.0 Executive Summary
Hart & Hickman, PC (H&H) has performed a Phase I Environmental Site Assessment (ESA) in
conformance with the scope and limitations of ASTM Practice E 1527-13 on a parking lot
located at 616 S. Salisbury Street in Raleigh, Wake County, North Carolina. Any exceptions to,
or deletions from, this practice are described in this report. Three former parcels with addresses
600 S. Salisbury Street, 602 S. Salisbury Street, and 616 S. Salisbury Street/112 W. South Street
were combined into one parcel and collectively make up the subject site, currently addressed as
616 S. Salisbury Street.
1.1 Property Summary
H&H has provided a brief summary of the current and former uses of the site and nearby area
below:
Subject Site
• The subject property is a rectangular-shaped parcel, approximately 0.52 acres in size, and
is currently an asphalt-paved parking lot.
• Based upon the historical information obtained and reviewed, the subject site was
occupied by up to four residences from prior to 1896 until the early to mid-1950s. A
gasoline station operated on the southern portion of the site between the early 1940s and
the mid- to late 1960s. An automobile sales business was located on the northern portion
of the subject site between the early 1960s and early 1980s. A commercial/office
building was located on the southern portion of the subject site from the late 1960s to the
late 1990s/early 2000s. Parking lots have been located on the northern and central
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portions of the subject site since the 1960s and on the southern portion of the subject site
since the 1990s/early 2000s.
Nearby Area
• Properties surrounding the subject site include the City of Raleigh Convention Center to
the north and northeast; a parking lot to the east; the Duke Energy Center for the
Performing Arts to the southeast; the NC Association of Educators building to the south;
and a parking deck to the west.
• Surrounding properties have historically been residential from prior to 1896 until the
early 1940s, at which point significant commercial development began. Numerous
gasoline stations and dry-cleaning facilities have been located on adjacent and nearby
properties. By the early 1980s, most of the surrounding properties were parking lots or
large commercial buildings (such as the former City of Raleigh Convention Center). In
the 2000s, additional commercial development and redevelopment occurred, including
construction of a parking deck, the new City of Raleigh Convention Center, and
associated buildings.
1.2 Findings, Opinions, and Conclusions
The purpose of a Phase I ESA is to identify Recognized Environmental Conditions (RECs) in
connection with the property. RECs are environmental conditions that include the presence or
likely presence of hazardous substances or petroleum products on the property that indicate an
existing release, a past release, or a material threat of a release in structures on the property, or
into the ground, groundwater, or surface water on the property.
Our findings regarding RECs are based upon our review of historical records and maps; review
of regulatory database records and/or regulatory agency files; interviews with persons familiar
with the property; observations during the site reconnaissance; and data evaluation. Based upon
our completion of Phase I ESA activities, H&H has determined the following:
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This assessment has revealed no evidence of recognized environmental conditions (RECs)
in connection with the property except for the following:
• 2007 Brownfields Phase II ESA activities conducted at the subject site indicated
groundwater concentrations of benzene and 1,2-dichloroethane that exceeded NCAC 2L
Groundwater Quality Standards (2L Standards). Tetrachloroethylene (PCE) was
observed at a concentration equal to, but not exceeding, the 2L Standard. The elevated
groundwater concentrations were attributed to off-site sources, including a former
gasoline station north of the subject site and former dry-cleaning facilities located east of
the subject site. A North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
(DENR) release incident file associated with the groundwater impacts does not appear to
have been opened for the subject site.
In addition, because 1,2-dichloroethane has been detected at elevated concentrations up to
150 µg/l in groundwater, there is a potential for vapor intrusion conditions to be present
at the site. The maximum 1,2-dichloroethane concentration exceeds the DENR Division
of Waste Management (DWM) Non-Residential Vapor Intrusion Groundwater Screening
Level of 97.8 µg/l.
Based on the potential for vapor intrusion and the elevated concentrations above 2L
Standards of benzene and 1,2-dichloroethane in groundwater, H&H considers the
presence of benzene and 1,2-dichloroethane at the site to be a REC.
The following potential environmental concern was identified in connection with the property
but, based upon our evaluation, is not a REC.
• H&H identified a former on-site gasoline station that operated between the early 1940s
and the mid- to late 1960s on the southern portion of the site. Three underground storage
tanks (USTs) associated with the gasoline station were observed on Sanborn fire
insurance maps. Soil borings advanced at locations in the vicinity of the USTs during
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previous assessment activities in 2000 and 2006 did not identify elevated concentrations
of petroleum compounds. Chromium was detected in one soil sample at a concentration
above then-established residential screening levels; however, the concentration is below
current regulatory standards.
Using EPA Brownfield Assessment Grant funds, the City of Raleigh contracted a ground-
penetrating radar (GPR) assessment in September 2006 that identified anomalies
indicative of the three potential USTs. Therefore, an exploratory excavation was
conducted in September 2007 to confirm the presence of USTs. However, the excavation
activities did not reveal the USTs or evidence of impacted soil. A follow-up geophysical
survey was conducted in October 2007, utilizing both electromagnetic (EM) and GPR
instruments. The geophysical survey did not reveal anomalies indicative of USTs. As no
evidence of the USTs was identified, it appears the USTs were previously removed
without documentation. Based on the apparent previous removal of the USTs and lack of
evidence of impacts, H&H does not consider the former on-site gasoline station and
USTs to be a REC.
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2.0 Introduction
This report presents the results of a Phase I ESA conducted on a parking lot located at 616 S.
Salisbury Street in Raleigh, Wake County, North Carolina. H&H conducted this assessment for
Summit Hospitality Group, Ltd (Summit), in accordance with our authorized scope of work.
2.1 Purpose and Scope of Services
The purpose of this assessment was to identify, to the extent feasible pursuant to the processes
prescribed herein, recognized environmental conditions in connection with the property. Such
environmental conditions include the presence or likely presence of any hazardous substances or
petroleum products in, on, or at the property, including those which could potentially migrate
into a building or structure located at the property: (1) due to release to the environment; (2)
under conditions indicative of a release to the environment; or (3) under conditions that pose a
material threat of a future release to the environment. ‘Release’ shall have the same meaning as
the definition of ‘release’ in CERCLA 42 U.S.C. § 9601(22) and ‘environment’ shall have the
same meaning as the definition of ‘environment’ in CERCLA 42 U.S.C.§ 9601(8). In this
assessment, ‘migrate’ and ‘migration’ refers to the movement of hazardous substances or
petroleum products in any form, including, for example, solid and liquid at the surface or
subsurface, and vapor in the subsurface.
2.2 Methodology
H&H performed this Phase I ESA in general conformance with current ASTM Standard E 1527-
13, Standard Practice for ESAs: Phase I Environmental Site Assessment Process. The Phase I
ESA is also compliant with the statutory criteria for all appropriate inquiries currently accepted
by the United States Environmental Protection Agency under ASTM Standard 1527-13. The
scope of services for the Phase I ESA includes the following tasks:
• Acquisition and Review of Data on Historical Use of the Property;
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• Site Reconnaissance, Review of Adjacent Properties, and Interviews with
Knowledgeable Individuals;
• Review of Environmental Databases;
• Contacts with Regulatory Officials, as Appropriate; and
• Data Analysis and Reporting.
2.3 Limitations and Exceptions of Assessment
The following items were beyond the scope of this assessment, and H&H did not address them in
this report:
• cultural, historical, and archaeological sites survey
• radon and indoor air testing
• responsibilities of the User of this Phase I ESA to meet all appropriate inquiry as defined
in ASTM E1527-13
• asbestos, mold, or lead-based paint survey
• drinking water testing
• rare and endangered species survey
• wetlands verification/delineation
The User of this Phase I ESA has certain responsibilities to meet all appropriate inquiry as
defined in ASTM E1527-13. H&H provided a User Questionnaire to Mr. Ken Crockett of
Summit. H&H has provided a copy of the (completed) User Questionnaire in Appendix A.
2.4 Special Terms and Conditions
The conclusions presented in this report are professional opinions, based solely upon visual
observations of the site and vicinity and our interpretation of the available historical information,
documents reviewed, and analytical results as described in this report. They are intended
exclusively for the purpose outlined herein and at the site location and the project indicated.
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This report is intended for the sole use of Summit. The report may not be relied upon by other
parties without the express written consent of H&H and Summit. The scope of services
performed in execution of this investigation may not be appropriate to satisfy the needs of other
users, and any use or re-use of this document or the findings, conclusions, or recommendations
presented herein is at the sole risk of said user.
It should be recognized that this study was not intended to be a definitive investigation of
contamination at the subject property. It is possible that currently unrecognized contamination
may exist at the site. Opinions and recommendations presented herein apply to site conditions
existing at the time of our investigation and those reasonably foreseeable. They necessarily
cannot apply to site changes of which H&H is unaware and has not had the opportunity to
evaluate.
2.5 Data Gaps and Limitations
H&H identified the following data gap during our Phase I ESA activities:
• H&H attempted to interview Mr. Dan Howe, the former Assistant City Manager for the
City of Raleigh (recently retired), to obtain historical information regarding the subject
site; however, Mr. Howe has not responded to interview requests. H&H has not been
able to identify any other site contacts with historical knowledge of the subject site.
Although this lack of information is considered a data gap in accordance with ASTM
1527-13, based upon the quantity of other information obtained concerning the site, the
potential for this data gap to affect the conclusions in this report is low.
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3.0 Site and Area Description
3.1 General Site Description and Use
A general site description and the property use are noted below:
Site Description: parking lot
Site Address: 616 S. Salisbury Street, Raleigh, Wake Co., NC
Parcel Size: 0.52 acres
The subject property is a rectangular-shaped parcel, approximately 0.52 acres in size, and is
currently an asphalt-paved parking lot. Three former parcels with addresses 600 S. Salisbury
Street, 602 S. Salisbury Street, and 616 S. Salisbury Street/112 W. South Street were combined
into one parcel and collectively make up the subject site, currently addressed as 616 S. Salisbury
Street.
3.2 Site Structures and Improvements
Structures and improvements identified on the property include the following:
Building(s): no buildings on subject site
Other Improvements: asphalt-paved parking lots
landscaped areas
Construction Type: no buildings on subject site
Interior Finishes: no buildings on subject site
Utilities: municipal water – service not provided
sanitary sewage – service not provided
electricity – service not provided
natural gas – service not provided
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Although utility service is not currently provided to the subject site, utilities are available in the
site area.
3.3 Property Owner, Manager, and Occupant
Based upon our site visit and a review of Wake County tax records, H&H identified the
following property owner and site occupant associated with the subject property:
Property Owner: City of Raleigh
Parcel ID #: 1703665351 (Wake County, see Appendix B)
Property Contact: Mr. Grant Meacci (City of Raleigh)
Property Occupants: Property not occupied – parking lot
3.4 Vicinity Characteristics
The table below summarizes properties that surround the subject properties.
Land Use Surrounding the Subject Site
Location Property Description
North W. Lenoir Street followed by the City of Raleigh Convention Center
(500 S. Salisbury Street)
Northeast W. Lenoir Street followed by the City of Raleigh Convention Center
(500 Fayetteville Street)
East S. Salisbury Street followed by a parking lot (10 W. South Street)
Southeast W. South Street followed by the Duke Energy Center for the
Performing Arts (2 E. South Street)
South W. South Street followed by the NC Association of Educators
building (700 S. Salisbury Street)
West Parking deck (128 W. South Street)
The properties to the north, northeast, and east are identified in multiple databases listed in the
EDR environmental database report. These facilities are further discussed in Section 4.1 and
4.2.
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3.5 Physical Setting
The subject property’s physical setting is presented as follows:
Topography
7.5-Minute Topographic Map: Raleigh West, NC (dated 2002)
Site Elevation: 330 ft above mean sea level
Topographic Gradient: westt
Topography at the subject site slopes gently to the west. A copy of the USGS topographic
quadrangle map is provided as Figure 1.
Geology
The subject property is located in the Piedmont Physiographic Province of North Carolina. The
land surface of the area is generally characterized as gently sloping, which may become
moderately steep where intersected by streams.
According to the Generalized Geologic Map of North Carolina dated 1985, the subject property
lies within the Raleigh Belt of the Piedmont. In the site area, underlying bedrock is composed of
injected biotite gneiss and schist. In the Piedmont, the bedrock is overlain by a mantle of
weathered rock termed saprolite or residuum. The saprolite consists of unconsolidated clay, silt,
and sand with lesser amounts of rock fragments. Due to the range of parent rock types and their
variable susceptibility to weathering, the saprolite ranges widely in color, texture, and thickness.
Generally, the saprolite is thickest near interstream divides and thins toward streambeds. In
profile, the saprolite normally grades from clayey soils near the land surface to highly weathered
rock above the competent bedrock.
Based on previous investigations at the subject site (Section 4.2), sandy silt and coarse to fine
sand was observed to hollow-stem auger refusal at depths of 30 ft below ground surface (bgs).
Saprolite, advancement through which required the use of air-rotary drilling methods, was
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encountered between 30 ft bgs and boring termination depths of 75 ft bgs. Competent bedrock
was not encountered at the subject site during previous subsurface investigations.
Hydrogeology
The occurrence and movement of groundwater in the Piedmont is typically within two separate
but interconnected water-bearing zones. A shallow water-bearing zone occurs within the
saprolite, and a deeper water-bearing zone occurs within the underlying bedrock.
Groundwater in the shallow saprolite zone occurs in the interstitial pore spaces between the
grains comprising the saprolite soils. Groundwater in this zone is typically under water table or
unconfined conditions. In general, groundwater migrates laterally from recharge areas to small
streams that serve as localized discharge points.
The occurrence and movement of groundwater in the underlying water-bearing zone within the
crystalline bedrock is controlled by secondary joints, fractures, faults, and dikes within the
bedrock. On a regional scale, the direction of groundwater flow is typically from uplands to
major streams and groundwater sinks. The saprolite has a higher porosity than the bedrock and
serves as a reservoir that supplies water to a network of fractures in the bedrock.
Based on previous investigations at the subject site (Section 4.2), the direction of groundwater
flow is to the west, with the depth to groundwater approximately 50 ft bgs.
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4.0 Records Review
4.1 Standard Environmental Record Sources – Federal, State and Local
H&H utilized Environmental Data Resources Inc. (EDR), an environmental database search
service, for a cursory review of Federal and State regulatory database files regarding regulated
sites within the ASTM-specified search radii. Federal, state, local, tribal, and EDR proprietary
databases were searched by EDR on August 22, 2014. The EDR report is included as Appendix
C.
Upon our review of the EDR report, H&H identified and summarized the following information
pertaining to the subject property, off-site properties, and unmappable orphan properties.
Subject Property
The subject property (identified as Site Four) is listed on the US Brownfields database.
According to information in the database, 2006-2007 Brownfields Phase I and Phase II ESA
activities, including a geophysical survey, indicated potential USTs at the subject site. An
exploratory excavation at the site did not locate the USTs, suggesting the tanks were no longer
present. Groundwater sampling activities identified petroleum compounds and chlorinated
solvents at concentrations above 2L Standards. A DENR release incident associated with the
groundwater impacts does not appear to have been opened for the subject site. Additional
information related to the database listing is included in Section 4.2.
Off-Site Properties
Based on our review of the EDR report, H&H determined that the following off-site database
listings warrant further discussion due to their close proximity to the subject property.
• Civic Center Lots – City of Raleigh, addressed as 10 W. South Street, is identified on the
Leaking Underground Storage Tank (LUST) and US Brownfields databases and is located
adjacent, east, and topographically upgradient of the subject site. According to
information in the database and obtained during a file review, a 550-gallon heating oil
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UST, a 550-gallon gasoline/diesel fuel UST, and a 1,000-gallon gasoline/diesel fuel UST
were removed from the property in February 2008. Light, non-aqueous phase liquid
(LNAPL, free product) was observed in a monitoring well within one of the UST basins
on the southeastern portion of the property. Following 2008 LNAPL recovery activities,
no additional free product was observed. The release incident associated with the
USTs/LNAPL was closed out in November 2009 following recordation of a Notice of
Residual Petroleum (NRP, i.e., land use restriction). Based on the closed status of the
release incident, the potential for impact to the subject site appears to be low.
• City of Raleigh Convention Center, addressed as 500 & 528-530 S. Salisbury Street, is
identified on the Incident Management Database (IMD), UST, LUST, and Historical Auto
Stations databases and is located adjacent, north, and topographically cross- to
downgradient of the subject site. According to information in the databases, a 560-gallon
UST (unknown contents) and two 2,000-gallon USTs (unknown contents) were removed
in February 2005 with soil contamination reported. The release incident associated with
the tank closures was closed out in September 2008. The facility currently maintains
registration on a 1,500-gallon diesel fuel UST that was installed in February 2007. Based
on area topography and the closed status of the release incident, the potential for impact
to the subject site appears to be low.
• 114 Lenoir Street Property, addressed as 114 Lenoir Street, is identified on the LUST
database and is located adjacent, north, and topographically cross- to downgradient of the
subject site. According to information in the database, a 550-gallon UST (unknown
contents) was removed from the property in June 2005 with soil contamination reported.
The release incident associated with the tank closure was closed out in September 2008.
Based on area topography and the closed status of the release incident, the potential for
impact to the subject site appears to be low.
• Raleigh Civic Center/Raleigh Convention & Conference Center, addressed as 500
Fayetteville Street, is identified on the IMD, UST, LUST, and US Brownfields databases
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and is located adjacent, northeast and topographically up- to cross-gradient of the subject
site. According to information in the databases, a 20,000-gallon heating oil UST was
removed in December 1999 with soil contamination reported. The release incident
associated with the tank closure was closed out in July 2000. Based on the closed status
of the release incident, the potential for impact to the subject site appears to be low.
• Charter Square, addressed as 501 Fayetteville Street, is identified on the LUST database
and is located approximately 350 ft northeast and topographically up- to cross-gradient of
the subject site. According to information in the database, soil and groundwater
contamination was reported for the property in April 2006; however, additional details are
not included in the database. The release incident was closed out in November 2008.
Based on the closed status of the release incident, the potential for impact to the subject
site appears to be low.
• Seven-Up Bottling Co., addressed as 129 W. South Street, is identified on the UST
database and is located approximately 230 ft southwest and topographically cross-
gradient of the subject site. According to information in the database, two 1,000-gallon
USTs (unknown contents) were removed in 1978. A release incident was not reported for
the facility. Based on area topography and the lack of a reported release incident, the
potential for impact to the subject site appears to be low.
• Raleigh Coal Gas Plant No. 1, is identified on the Hazardous Substances Disposal Site
(HSDS), State Hazardous Waste Site (SHWS), Voluntary Cleanup Program (VCP), EDR
Manufactured Gas Plants (MGP) and Comprehensive Environmental Response,
Compensation, and Liability Information System (CERCLIS) databases and is located
approximately 500 ft northwest and topographically downgradient of the subject site. An
MGP facility operated between 1889 and 1930, and cleanup activities have been
conducted at the property. Based on area topography and the distance to the subject site,
the potential for impact to the subject site appears to be low.
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The remaining off-site facilities do not appear to have a significant potential to impact the subject
site.
Unmappable Properties
H&H reviewed a list of unmappable sites presented in the EDR database report. Unmappable
sites do not contain sufficient address information in the environmental databases to plot them on
a map. H&H reviewed the area near the subject property for these unmappable sites. Based on
the limited information in the EDR report, H&H was unable to locate listed sites near the subject
property.
4.2 Regulatory Agency File and Records Review
Environmental Documents
H&H reviewed previous Brownfields documents for the subject site and surrounding properties.
Pertinent information is provided below and applicable documents are included in Appendix D.
Phase I ESA – Convention Center Parking Lot Properties: 500 Fayetteville Street Mall, 615
Fayetteville Street Mall, 10 W. South Street, 600, 602, & 616 S. Salisbury Street, prepared by
H&H (May 31, 2006):
H&H identified a former gasoline station that operated between the early 1940s and the mid- to
late 1960s on the southern portion of the subject site. Three USTs were associated with the
gasoline station. The 2006 Phase I ESA referenced previous Phase I and Phase II ESA reports
for the subject site (prepared by GeoLogix in November 1999 and May 2000). Two soil borings
were installed near the northwest and southwest corners of a building that previously existed at
the site during the time of sampling activities. Diesel range and gasoline range total petroleum
hydrocarbons (TPH-DRO and TPH-GRO) were not detected at concentration above laboratory
reporting limit. Groundwater was not encountered and was not sampled during the May 2000
Phase II ESA investigation.
The 2006 Phase I ESA also identified several off-site concerns, including:
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• Two dry-cleaning facilities and two gasoline stations formerly located adjacent and east
of the subject site at 10 W. South Street
• A gasoline station formerly located adjacent and north of the subject site at 500 S.
Salisbury Street
• A dry-cleaning facility, a gasoline station, and a UST formerly located northeast of the
subject site at 500 Fayetteville Street
Brownfield Phase II Site Assessment Report – Convention Center Parking Lot Properties,
prepared by H&H (December 28, 2006):
A GPR assessment was conducted in September 2006 that identified anomalies indicative of the
three potential USTs and two unknown anomalies on the southern portion of the subject site.
Soil and groundwater sampling were also conducted as part of the assessment activities.
Chromium was detected in one soil sample at a concentration above then-established residential
screening levels; however, the concentration is below current regulatory standards.
The direction of groundwater flow was determined to be to the west/northwest across the subject
site, with the depth to groundwater approximately 50 ft bgs. In groundwater, concentrations of
benzene and 1,2-dichloroethane exceeded 2L Standards. PCE was observed at a concentration
equal to, but not exceeding, the 2L Standard. The elevated groundwater concentrations were
attributed to off-site sources, including a former gasoline station north of the subject site and
former dry-cleaning facilities located east of the subject site.
H&H also identified the potential for vapor intrusion into future buildings at the subject site to be
a concern.
Analysis of Brownfields Cleanup Alternatives – Convention Center Parking Lot, prepared by
H&H (April 30, 2007):
This document identifies and evaluates cleanup alternatives based on potential risks to human
health and the environment. Site receptors include future site/construction workers and
occupants who could be exposed to soil, groundwater, and/or soil vapor. A number of cleanup
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alternatives were evaulated, including no action, source removal, capping, soil vapor extraction,
and vapor barrier/venting systems.
Close-Out Report, Brownfields Assessment Grant – City of Raleigh, prepared by H&H
(December 23, 2008):
An exploratory excavation was conducted at the subject site in September 2007 to attempt to
confirm the presence of the USTs identified during the 2006 GPR survey and Brownfields Phase
II ESA activities. The excavation, approximately 16 ft by 17 ft with a depth of 10 ft bgs, was
located on the southwestern portion of the subject site. No USTs or evidence of impacted soil
were encountered, and the excavation was backfilled.
Geophysical Survey Report – Parking Area, South Street, Raleigh, prepared by Geo Solutions
Limited, Inc. (September 11, 2008):
As the presence of USTs was not confirmed during September 2007 excavation activities, a
follow-up geophysical survey was conducted at the subject site in October 2007. The
geophysical survey utilized both EM and GPR instruments and did not reveal anomalies
indicative of USTs.
Phase I Limited Site Assessment – City of Raleigh-Civic Center Lots, Site #3, prepared by H&H
(June 17, 2009):
Following the removal of three USTs and over-excavation activities at the 10 W. South Street
property, two groundwater monitoring wells were installed. LNAPL was observed in monitoring
well MW-9 on the southeastern portion of the property. LNAPL recovery activities, including
aggressive fluid vapor recovery (AFVR) and mobile multi-phase extraction (MMPE) were
conducted in August 2008. No LNAPL was observed in September 2008 following the recovery
activities.
Additional regulatory research was not considered necessary for the other database listings in the
EDR report based upon the lack of reported releases and/or closed status of the incidents.
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4.3 Interviews
Fire Department
Fire Department Contact: City of Raleigh Fire Department
H&H utilized the City of Raleigh Fire Department online reporting system to search for records
of incidents involving calls for fires, spills, or hazardous or petroleum substances at or near the
subject site. No incidents were identified.
Site Contact
Site Contact: Mr. Dan Howe (City of Raleigh, retired)
H&H attempted to interview Mr. Dan Howe, the former Assistant City Manager for the City of
Raleigh, to obtain historical information regarding the subject site; however, Mr. Howe has not
responded to interview requests. H&H has not been able to identify any other site contacts with
historical knowledge of the subject site. Although this lack of information is considered a data
gap in accordance with ASTM 1527-13, based upon the quantity of other information obtained
concerning the site, the potential for this data gap to affect the conclusions in this report is low.
Geotechnical Assessment
Geotechnical Contact: Mr. Brian Ladd (S&ME)
H&H interviewed Mr. Brian Ladd regarding the recent geotechnical assessment activities
conducted at the subject site. Mr. Ladd stated that pre-construction soil borings were advanced
throughout the site, and he did not report obvious evidence of contamination (i.e., soil staining,
petroleum and/or solvent odors).
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4.4 Historical Use Information
Aerial Photographs
The information provided in the table below includes a review of aerial photographs completed
by H&H.
Year Scale Subject Property Surrounding Property
1965 (A) 1” = 750’
A small commercial building
is located on the northern
portion of the subject site,
and a larger commercial
building is located on the
southern portion of the
subject site.
A gasoline station is visible north of the
subject site. Commercial buildings are
located on properties northeast and east
of the subject site. Residences are
located west, south, and southwest of
the subject site.
1971 (A) 1” = 750’
The building on the northern
portion of the site is no
longer visible.
A commercial building is visible south
of the subject site.
1981 (A)
1993 (A)
1” = 833’
1” = 833’
Similar to 1971 aerial
photograph
The buildings east and west of the
subject site have been removed, and the
properties are now parking lots. The
NC Association of Educators building is
visible south of the subject site. The
commercial buildings northeast of the
subject site have been replaced with the
former City of Raleigh Convention
Center.
1999 (B) scale not known Similar to 1993 aerial
photograph
The gasoline station north of the subject
site is no longer visible.
2002 (B)
2004 (B)
scale not known
scale not known
Commercial building on
southern portion of subject
site is no longer visible.
A parking deck is visible west of the
subject site.
2014 (C) scale not known Similar to 2004 aerial
photograph
Former City of Raleigh Convention
Center northeast of the site has been
removed and replaced by commercial
buildings. The new City of Raleigh
Convention Center is visible north of
the subject site.
Aerial Photo Sources: (A) EDR Aerial Package (B) Wake County GIS
(C) Google Maps
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User Questionnaire
H&H provided a User Questionnaire to Mr. Ken Crockett of Summit. (add questionnaire
discussion) H&H has provided a copy of the (completed) User Questionnaire in Appendix A.
City Directories
H&H reviewed city directories as provided by EDR for 1922 through 2013. The results of the
reviews are provided in the table below. The EDR City Directory Abstract is included in
Appendix D.
Location Address City Listing (Year)
Subject site
600 S. Salisbury Street
No listings (1988 to 2013)
Automobile Sales (1962 to 1982)
Vacant (1957)
Residential (1922 to 1952)
602 S. Salisbury Street
No listings (1977 to 2013)
Vacant (1972)
No listings (1962 to 1967) Residential (1922 to 1957)
616 S. Salisbury Street/
112 W. South Street
No listings (2013)
Commercial (1967 to 2008)
No listings (1957 to 1962)
Quick Service/Partin Brothers Service
Station (1947 to 1952)
Residential (1922 to 1941)
North (adjacent)
500 S. Salisbury Street City of Raleigh (2013)
No listings (prior to 2013)
528 S. Salisbury Street
No listings (1972 to 2013)
Clements Service Station (1941 to 1967) No listings (1931 to 1936) Residential (1922 to 1926)
112 W. Lenoir Street
No listings (1997 to 2013)
Parking (1992)
Raleigh Electric Co. Inc. (1957 to 1988)
No listings (1931 to 1952)
Residential (1922 to 1926)
Northeast
(adjacent)
500 Fayetteville Street
Raleigh Convention Center/commercial
(2003 to 2013)
No listings (prior to 2003)
529 S. Salisbury Street No listings (1957 to 2013) Residential (1922 to 1952)
East
(adjacent) 10 W. South Street No listings (1977 to 2013)
Commercial (1947 to 1972)
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Location Address City Listing (Year)
No listings (prior to 1947)
615 S. Salisbury Street No listings (1947 to 2013)
Residential (1922 to 1941)
17 W. Lenoir Street No listings (1922 to 2013)
Southeast
(adjacent)
2 E. South Street
No listings (1988 to 2013)
City Memorial Auditorium (1982 to
1997)
No listings (prior to 1997)
11 W. South Street
No listings (1967 to 2013)
Shaw University (1962)
Office (1941 to 1947)
Rex Hospital (1922 to 1936)
Southeast
(adjacent)
700 S. Salisbury Street NC Association of Educators (2003 to 2013) No listings (prior to 2003)
17 W. South Street
No listings (1947 to 2013)
Wake County offices (1941 to 1947)
No listings (1941)
Rex Hospital (1926 to 1936)
107 W. South Street
No listings (1972 to 2013)
Residence (1967)
No listings (1926 to 1962)
Church (1922)
West
(adjacent)
128 W. South Street No listings (1922 to 2013)
114 W. South Street No listings (1972 to 2013)
Residence (1922 to 1967)
107 W. Lenoir Street No listings (1922 to 2013)
Sanborn Fire Insurance Maps
H&H conducted a review of historical Sanborn fire insurance maps from the EDR Certified
Sanborn Map Report to identify past Site usage. The results of the review are provided in the
table below, and the EDR Certified Sanborn Map Report is included in Appendix C.
Year Site Adjoining Properties
1896
Limited Sanborn map coverage;
residence located on southern portion
of subject site.
Limited Sanborn map coverage; residences located
north, northeast, south, and west of subject site.
Church located southeast of subject site.
1903
1909
Limited Sanborn map coverage; two
residences located on southern portion
of subject site.
Similar to 1896 Sanborn map; additional residences
located east of subject site; Rex Hospital located south
of subject site.
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Year Site Adjoining Properties
1914 Four residences located on subject
site.
Similar to 1896 Sanborn map; additional residences
located west of subject site
1950
Gasoline station with three USTs
located on southern portion of subject
site.
Gasoline station located north of subject site.
Commercial buildings located east of subject site.
1972
Gasoline station no longer visible on
subject site. Commercial building
located on southern portion of subject
site. Automobile sales business
located on northern portion of subject site. Central portion of subject site is a parking lot.
Commercial building located northwest of subject site.
Parking lot located northeast of subject site.
Residences east of subject site have been removed;
parking lots are visible. Rex Hospital building south
of subject site has been removed; land is vacant. Residences west of site have been removed; automobile sales facility and vacant land are visible.
Historical Use Summary
Based upon the historical information obtained and reviewed, the subject site was occupied by up
to four residences from prior to 1896 until the early to mid-1950s. A gasoline station operated on
the southern portion of the site between the early 1940s and the mid- to late 1960s. An
automobile sales business was located on the northern portion of the subject site between the
early 1960s and early 1980s. A commercial/office building was located on the southern portion
of the subject site from the late 1960s to the late 1990s/early 2000s. Parking lots have been
located on the northern and central portions of the subject site since the 1960s and on the
southern portions of the subject site since the 1990s/early 2000s.
Surrounding properties have historically been residential from prior to 1896 until the early 1940s,
at which point significant commercial development began. Numerous gasoline stations and dry-
cleaning facilities have been located on adjacent and nearby properties. By the early 1980s, most
of the surrounding properties were parking lots or large commercial buildings (such as the former
City of Raleigh Convention Center). In the 2000s, additional commercial development and
redevelopment occurred, including construction of a parking deck and the new City of Raleigh
Convention Center and associated buildings.
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5.0 Site Reconnaissance
Mr. Timothy Klotz of H&H conducted a visual reconnaissance of the subject site on August 25,
2014. The weather conditions at the time of the site visit were sunny and temperatures were in
the 80s °F. General images of the subject property are included as Photographs 1 through 8.
H&H has included site photographs in Appendix E.
5.1 Hazardous Substances
During our site visit, H&H visually assessed the subject site for the presence of potentially
hazardous substances. A summary of our assessment is presented below.
Potentially hazardous substances: None observed or reported
5.2 Storage Tanks and Sumps
During our site visit, H&H visually assessed the subject site for the presence of storage tanks and
sumps. A summary of our assessment is presented below.
Underground Storage Tanks (USTs): none observed
Aboveground Storage Tanks (ASTs): none observed or reported
Sumps: none observed or reported
H&H did not observe evidence of USTs, ASTs, or sumps during our reconnaissance of the
subject property. Three USTs associated with a former gasoline station were previously located
on the southern portion of the subject site. Previous attempts to locate the USTs by geophysical
surveys and an exploratory excavation were conducted in 2006-2007 (Section 4.2). However, as
no evidence of the USTs was identified, it appears the USTs were previously removed without
documentation. H&H observed the boundary of the 2007 exploratory excavation on the southern
portion of the subject site (Photograph 9).
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5.3 Water and Wastewater Issues
Water and wastewater use is summarized below.
Water
Municipal Water: service not provided to subject site
Water Supply Wells: none observed or reported
Wastewater
Sanitary Sewage: service not provided to subject site
Septic Systems: none observed or reported
Municipal drinking water and sanitary sewer service are not provided to the subject site but are
available in the site area. H&H did not observe evidence of water supply wells or septic systems
located on the subject property. H&H observed abandoned monitoring wells associated with
previous site investigation activities (Section 4.2, Photograph 10).
5.4 Indications of PCBs
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are sometimes found in mineral oils used in electrical
equipment including transformers. PCBs are a potential environmental contaminant.
H&H identified did not identify transformers or electrical equipment on the subject site.
5.5 Indications of Waste Disposal
Indications of waste disposal are summarized below:
Waste Containers: none observed
H&H did not identify evidence of waste disposal or waste containers at the subject site.
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5.6 Surface Conditions
During our reconnaissance of the subject properties, H&H identified the following surface
conditions:
Surface conditions: asphalt-paved parking lots
landscaped areas
concrete curbing
H&H did not observe evidence of stained soil, stressed vegetation, mounds, pits, depressions or
unusually disturbed areas during our reconnaissance of the property. H&H observed several pre-
construction geotechnical borings throughout the subject site (Photograph 11). H&H observed a
concrete pad on the southern portion of the subject site (Photograph 12). Based on the
orientation of the pad, associated asphalt patching, and review of historical aerial photographs, it
appears a kiosk was previously located on the concrete pad.
5.7 Stormwater and Flood Information
The following is a summary of stormwater and flood information:
Stormwater
Stormwater generally flows across the paved portions of the subject site to adjacent roadways.
Stormwater also infiltrates to the subsurface on landscaped areas of the subject site. H&H did
not observe obvious environmental concerns associated with stormwater.
Flood Information
FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM): Community Panel # 3720170300J
(map dated May 2, 2006)
The FEMA map indicates that the subject property is not located with the 100- or 500-year flood
zones.
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6.0 Signatures of Environmental Professionals
I declare that, to the best of my professional knowledge and belief, I meet the definition of
Environmental Professional as defined in Section 312.10 of 40 CFR 312, and have the specific
qualifications based on education, training, and experience to assess a property of the nature,
history, and setting of the subject property. I have developed and performed the all appropriate
inquires in conformance with the standards and practices set forth for the environmental
professional in 40 CFR Part 312.
Environmental Professional
Timothy Klotz, EI
Senior Project Scientist
Reviewed By:
____________________________________
Leonard Moretz, LG, RSM
Senior Project Manager
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7.0 Qualifications of Environmental Professionals Conducting the Phase I ESA
Timothy Klotz, EI, Senior Project Scientist, has over nine years of experience conducting
environmental assessments at a variety of different sites. He has performed numerous Phase I
ESAs on undeveloped, commercial, residential, and industrial properties throughout the United
States.
Leonard Moretz, Project Manager, has over 27 years of experience in environmental site
assessments and remediation projects. Mr. Moretz is a Licensed Professional Geologist and a
Registered Site Manager in North Carolina.
Curriculum vitae for the individuals listed above are included in Appendix F.
TITLE
PROJECT
SITE LOCATION MAP
PARKING LOT
616 S. SALISBURY STREET
RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA
DATE:
JOB NO:
REVISION NO:
FIGURE NO:
08/21/14 0
1 SUM-001
0 2000 4000
APPROXIMATE
SCALE IN FEET N
U.S.G.S. QUADRANGLE MAP
QUADRANGLE
7.5 MINUTE SERIES (TOPOGRAPHIC)
RALEIGH WEST, NC 2002
3334 Hillsborough Street Raleigh, North Carolina 27607 919-847-4241 (p) 919-847-4261 (f)
SITE
Appendix A
User Questionnaire
Appendix B
Wake County Tax Record
Appendix C
EDR Reports
Appendix D
Supporting Documentation
Appendix E
Site Photographs
Appendix F
Curriculum Vitae