10036_South End Transit_McDonalds Phase II Report FINAL-OCR

DELIVERING SUSTAINABLE SOLUTIONS IN A MORE COMPETITIVE WORLD

Phase II Environmental Site Assessment

Vacant Parcel (Former McDonalds)
2400 South Boulevard
Charlotte, North Carolina
December 2006

ERM NC, PC
8000 Corporate Center Drive
Suite 200
Charlotte, North Carolina 28226

www.erm.com

Cherokee Investment Partners
Phase II Environmental Site Assessment

Vacant Parcel (Former McDonalds)
2400 South Boulevard
Charlotte, Mecklenburg County,
North Carolina
December 2006

Project No. 55685

________________________________
Alan Martin, P.G.
Project Manager

_________________________________
Thomas M. Wilson, P.G.
Principal-In-Charge

ERM NC, PC
8000 Corporate Center Drive
Suite 200
Charlotte, North Carolina 28226
[phone]
[phone] (fax)
http://www.erm.com

ERM NC, PC i MCDONALDS PHASE II REPORT FINAL.DOC
TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 INTRODUCTION 1

1.1 BACKGROUND 1

2.0 PHASE II ASSESSMENT ACTIVITIES 2

3.0 ASSESSMENT RESULTS 4

4.0 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 6
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1 Topographic Site Location Map
Figure 2 Site Layout Map
Figure 3 Soil Sample Results Map
Figure 4 Groundwater Sample Results Map
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1 Monitor Well Construction
Table 2 Soil Sample Analytical Results
Table 3 Groundwater Sample Analytical Results
LIST OF APPENDICES
APPENDIX A: Soil Boring Logs
APPENDIX B: Laboratory Analytical Data Sheets

ERM NC, PC 1 MCDONALDS PHASE II REPORT FINAL.DOC
1.0 INTRODUCTION
On October 19 through 20, 2006, ERM NC, PC (ERM) performed a Phase II
Environmental Site Assessment (ESA) on behalf of Cherokee Investment
Partners at the vacant parcel (hereafter referred to as “the subject site“ or
“the subject property”) located at 2400 South Boulevard, in Charlotte,
Mecklenburg County, North Carolina. The purpose of the Phase II site
investigation was to investigate potential areas of concern identified
during a previous Phase I ESA of the site conducted by ERM in November
2005, as discussed below.

1.1 BACKGROUND
A Phase I ESA was conducted by ERM at the subject property in
November 2005. As indicated in the Phase I report, the subject property
was the site of a McDonald’s restaurant from the early 1960s until it was
demolished in the fall of 2004. Prior to the early 1960s the subject property
was used for materials storage and site access by the industrial property
formerly located to the west. The location of the subject property is
presented on Figure 1. Figure 2 presents the current site layout. No on-
site recognized environmental conditions were identified during the
Phase I ESA. The Phase I ESA did, however, identify the following off-site
recognized environmental conditions:

• Chlorinated solvents, including trichloroethene, tetrachloroethene, and
1,1,1-trichloroethane, were detected in groundwater at the Air Liquide
site, located immediately adjacent and south of the subject property at
2414 South Boulevard, during a 2004 Phase II ESA. No source of these
chlorinated solvents was identified on the Air Liquide property and
the EDR database entry for the site indicates that the source may be
off-site. The incident remains open with the NCDENR.

• Eight areas were identified on the State Hazardous Waste Sites
(SHWS) database between one-quarter and one-half mile from the
subject site, including the Southside Investments, LLC, Ozonic
International, Mitchell & Becker, Parks-Cramer Co., the Package
Products Company Flexible Division, the Borden Chemical Printing
Ink facility, Swift Adhesives, and Dynatech

• Four areas were identified on the Hazardous Substance Disposal Sites
(HSDS) database between one-quarter and one-half mile of the subject
site, including the Parks-Cramer Co., the Package Products Company

ERM NC, PC 2 MCDONALDS PHASE II REPORT FINAL.DOC
Flexible Division, the Borden Chemical Printing Ink facility, Swift
Adhesives, and Dynatech.

• Based on the long-term industrial land use, it is possible that
undocumented chemical releases at nearby properties may have
affected groundwater quality beneath the subject property.

2.0 PHASE II ASSESSMENT ACTIVITIES
On October 19, 2006, ERM supervised the installation of three direct push
(Geoprobe®) soil borings. All three of the direct push soil borings were
converted to temporary monitor wells for purposes of collecting
groundwater samples and identifying the depth to the water table. Three
soil samples (MD-SB-1 through MD-SB-3) and three groundwater samples
(MD-GW-1 through MD-GW-3) were collected and submitted for
laboratory analysis.
The direct push soil borings and temporary monitor wells were installed
by Probe Technology, Inc. of Concord, North Carolina, using direct push,
or Geoprobe® drilling and sampling equipment. The direct push
sampling method uses a small truck or all terrain vehicle mounted
hydraulic jack mechanism to drive a 2-inch diameter hollow steel probe
(macro-core) with a polyethylene soil-sampling sleeve into the ground to
the desired depth prior to sampling. Using the macro-core sampler, soil
samples were collected continuously until the target soil sampling depth
was reached or refusal was met. All downhole sampling equipment was
cleaned via a high-temperature/high-pressure water wash (steam cleaner)
before and between each boring.
Soils were logged in the field by an ERM geologist and screened for the
presence of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) via a photo-ionization
detector (PID) and the headspace field screening method. Soil boring logs
and field screening data and can be referenced in Appendix A. Soil
samples intervals for laboratory analyses were chosen based on PID
readings, visual and olfactory observations and the suspected depth of the
potential concern.
Soil boring MD-SB-1 was advanced in the northeast corner of the subject
property to assess potential impacts to soil and groundwater from off site
sources. A soil sample was collected at approximately 2 to 4 feet below
ground surface. Two additional soil borings (MD-SB-2 and MD-SB-3)
were advanced along the southwestern property boundary to assess

ERM NC, PC 3 MCDONALDS PHASE II REPORT FINAL.DOC
potential impacts from the former Air Liquide facility. Soil samples were
collected from 2 to 4 feet below ground surface at each boring. In general,
the shallow soils at the site were comprised of clayey silts grading to fine
sandy silts at depth.
Soil samples were placed in laboratory-supplied sample containers and
then placed in a cooler with ice for storage and delivery to Prism
Laboratories of Charlotte, North Carolina for analyses. Soil samples
collected from the site were analyzed for volatile organic compounds
(VOCs) by Method 8260. ERM and Prism Laboratories adhered to
appropriate chain-of-custody procedures.
Following the completion of soil sample collection, temporary monitor
wells were installed in the MD-SB-1, MD-SB-2, and MD-SB-3 borings. The
temporary monitor wells were installed at depths of 34.6 feet below
ground surface in boring MD-SB-1, 33.4 feet at MD-SB-2, and 20.2 feet at
MD-SB-3. Except for the MD-SB-3 boring, these depths represent where
the direct push probe encountered saturated soil for groundwater
sampling. Geoprobe refusal was encountered at 20.2 feet in the MD-SB-3
boring and a temporary monitor well was installed at this depth. The
groundwater table was not intersected at this depth and no groundwater
sample was collected at this location.
Each temporary monitor well was installed with 1-inch diameter PVC well
screen and riser, filter sand and bentonite seal in general accordance with
North Carolina Well Construction Standards (15A NCAC 2C). Each well
was fitted with locking, expandable well caps. Following construction,
monitor wells MD-GW-1 and MD-GW-2 were developed by purging a
minimum of five well bore volumes from the well utilizing a combination
of a new, disposable bailer and previously decontaminated peristaltic
pump. After development, monitor wells MD-GW-1 and MD-GW-2 were
sampled using low-flow sampling methods to minimize turbidity present
in the samples and to minimize the volume of groundwater potentially
requiring special handling and disposal procedures. Prior to purging and
sampling, depth-to-groundwater data were recorded for each monitor
well. The top of well casing elevations were determined by surveying
techniques and using a temporary benchmark. Monitor well construction
details and groundwater elevation data are presented in Table 1.
The depth-to-groundwater ranged from 20.9 feet below ground surface in
MD-GW-2 to 22.3 feet in MD-GW-1. Based on the groundwater elevation
data and local land surface topography, the groundwater flow direction
beneath the subject property appears to be to the south toward South
Boulevard.

ERM NC, PC 4 MCDONALDS PHASE II REPORT FINAL.DOC
Groundwater samples were collected from temporary monitor wells
MD-GW-1 and MD-GW-2 and analyzed for VOCs by Method 8260B.
Samples collected from each temporary well were labeled with an
identification of GW, i.e., the sample collected and labeled MD-GW-1 is
the groundwater from the boring labeled MD-SB-1.

3.0 ASSESSMENT RESULTS
Soil analytical results are summarized in Table 2 and groundwater
analytical results are summarized in Table 3. Sample locations and
analytical results are illustrated in Figures 3 and 4 for soil and groundwater,
respectively. Soil boring logs including field screening values are presented
in Appendix A. The laboratory analytical data reports are presented in
Appendix B. For comparison purposes, the soil results are compared to the
North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources
(NCDENR) Division of Water Quality – Aquifer Protection Section’s Soil-to-
Groundwater Cleanup Levels or Division of Waste Management –
Superfund Section Inactive Hazardous Sites Branch Remediation Goal
(IHSB RG) levels. These values are shown in Table 2 of this report, as
applicable. Groundwater analytical results are compared to the North
Carolina Groundwater Standards (NC 15A NCAC 2L 0.0202(g)) which are
identified in Table 3.
Soils
Soil samples (MD-SB-1, MD-SB-2, and MD-SB-3) were submitted to the
laboratory for VOC analyses. Acetone was detected in the MD-SB-2 and
MD-SB-3 soil samples in concentrations below all applicable NCDENR
remediation goals. No other detectable concentrations of VOCs were
reported in any of the soil samples. No potential source of the acetone has
been identified.
Groundwater
The groundwater levels in temporary monitor wells MD-GW-1 and MD-
GW-2 were approximately 22.3 feet and 20.9 feet below ground surface,
respectively. No groundwater was detected in the temporary monitor
well MD-GW-3. Groundwater samples collected from the temporary
wells were submitted to the laboratory for VOC analyses.
Trichloroethene (TCE) was detected in the MD-GW-1 groundwater
sample at 100 micrograms per liter (µg/L) and in the MD-GW-2

ERM NC, PC 5 MCDONALDS PHASE II REPORT FINAL.DOC
groundwater sample at 78 µg/L. The North Carolina Groundwater
Standard for trichloroethene is 2.8 µg/L. Other VOCs detected in the
MD-GW-1 and MD-GW-2 groundwater samples did not exceed the
applicable North Carolina Groundwater Standards. No potential on site
source of the trichloroethene has been identified on the subject property.
As noted above, TCE was not detected in soil samples collected from the
subject property. The presence of the TCE in groundwater at the subject
property appears to be attributable to migration from an unidentified off-
site source located on an upgradient parcel to the northeast. The TCE-
affected groundwater appears to extend across the subject property and
on to the adjacent parcel to the southwest formerly occupied by Air
Liquide, as noted in Section 2.0.

4.0 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
On October 19-20, 2006, ERM conducted a Phase II ESA to evaluate
subsurface conditions at the vacant (former McDonalds) property located
at 2400 South Boulevard, Charlotte, Mecklenburg County, North Carolina.
A summary of the findings of the Phase II ESA is provided below.
Three soil samples were collected via direct push methods to evaluate soil
quality at the subject property. No VOCs were identified in the soils
samples in excess of any NCDENR remediation goals. No additional
investigation of site soils appears to be warranted.
Groundwater elevation measurements were obtained and two
groundwater samples were collected from temporary monitor wells
installed at the soil boring locations. Groundwater flow direction appears
to be to the south. Trichloroethene was detected in both samples in excess
of the North Carolina Groundwater Standard. The maximum
concentration of trichloroethene detected is 100 µg/L. The North Carolina
Groundwater Standard for trichloroethene is 2.8 µg/L. No other VOCs
were detected in the groundwater samples in excess of the North Carolina
Groundwater Standards. No potential on site source of the
trichloroethene in the groundwater has been identified. The presence of
the TCE in groundwater at the subject property appears to be attributable
to migration from an unidentified off-site source located on an upgradient
parcel to the northeast.
ERM NC, PC 6 MCDONALDS PHASE II REPORT FINAL.DOC

Figures

Source: Charlotte East, NC 7.5 Minute Topographic Quadrangle; 1988; Contour Interval = 10 feet
Figure
ERM NC, PC
CHARLOTTE, NORTH CAROLINA
VACANT PARCEL
2400 SOUTH BOULEVARD
SITE LOCATION MAP
1
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 mi
SITE
Not To Scale
FIGURE
2ERM NC, PC
CHARLOTTE, NORTH CAROLINA
VACANT PARCEL
2400 SOUTH BOULEVARD
SITE LAYOUT MAP
WOODED
OFF BROADWAY
SHOE WAREHOUSE
(Formerly Air Liquide)
MANTIS
RESTAURANT
CELL
TOWER
FORMER
McDONALDS
RESTUARANT
Not To Scale
FIGURE
ERM NC, PC
SOIL SAMPLE LOCATIONS & RESULTS
3VACANT PARCEL (FORMER MCDONALDS)
2400 SOUTH BOULEVARD
CHARLOTTE, NORTH CAROLINA
OFF BROADWAY SHOE
WAREHOUSE
(Formerly Air Liquide)
MANTIS
RESTAURANT
CELL
TOWER
FORMER
McDONALDS
RESTUARANT
MD-SB-1 (Depth in Feet) RG
Detected soil contaminant concentrations in mg/kg with
regulatory standards (Maximum Soil Contaminant
Concentrations). Concentrations above regulatory standards
shown in bold font.
Soil Sample Location
MD-SB-1 (2-4) RD
VOCs ND NE
MD-SB-3 (2-4) RG
VOCs
Acetone 0.12 2.81
All Other VOCs ND NE
MD-SB-2 (2-4) RG
VOCs
Acetone 0.062 2.81
All Other VOCs ND NE
ND Not Detected
NE Not Established
Not To Scale
FIGURE
ERM NC, PC
GROUNDWATER SAMPLE LOCATIONS & RESULTS
4VACANT PARCEL (FORMER MCDONALDS)
2400 SOUTH BOULEVARD
CHARLOTTE, NORTH CAROLINA
OFF BROADWAY SHOE
WAREHOUSE
(Formerly Air Liquide)
MANTIS
RESTAURANT
CELL
TOWER
FORMER
McDONALDS
RESTUARANT
Groundwater Sample LocationMD-GW-1 Results Summary 2L STD
Detected groundwater contamninant concentrations in µg/L with
regulatory standards. Concentrations above regulatory standards
shown in bold font.
ND Not Detected
NE Not Established
MD-GW-1 2L STD
VOCs
Chloroform
Trichlorofluoromethane
Trichloroethene
1,1,2-Trichloroethane
cis-1,2 Dichloroethene
1,1- Dichloroethene
All other compounds
2.0
1.7J
100
0.56J
2.1
2.8
ND
70
2,100
2.8
NE
70
70
NE
MD-GW-2 2L STD
VOCs
Chloroform
Trichlorofluoromethane
Trichloroethene
cis-1,2 Dichloroethene
1,1- Dichloroethene
All Other Compounds
12
0.85J
78
1.1
1.7
ND
70
2,100
2.8
70
70
NE
MD-GW-3 (DRY)

Tables

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TABLE 2
SOIL SAMPLE ANALYTICAL RESULTS
VACANT PARCEL (FORMER MCDONALDS)
2400 SOUTH BOULEVARD
CHARLOTTE, MECKLENBURG COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
Sample
ID Date
Depth
(feet BGS)
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c
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MD-SB-1 10/19/06 2-4 <1 ND ND
MD-SB-2 10/19/06 2-4 <1 0.12 ND
MD-SB-3 10/19/06 2-4 <1 0.062 ND
IHSP RG 1 2,800 -
Soil-Groundwater Cleanup Level 2 2.81 -
EPA Region 9 PRG-Residential 3 14,127 -
54,321 -
Only detected compounds are shown in table
mg/kg = Milligrams per kilogram
BGS = Below ground surface
ND - Not Detected at Method Detection Limit
NE = Not established
J - Estimated value between Reporting Limit and Method Detection Limit
1 - NCDENR IHSP RG - Inactive Hazardous Sites Program Remediation Goal
2 - NCDENR Aquifer Protection Section Clean Up Level
3 - EPA Region 9 Preliminary Remediation Goal
Results shown in bold exceed RG levels or Soil-Groundwater Cleanup Level, where applicable.
EPA Region 9 PRG-Industrial / Commercial 3
VOLATILE ORGANIC
COMPOUNDS
Method 8260 (mg/kg)
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TABLE 3
GROUNDWATER SAMPLE ANALYTICAL RESULTS
VACANT PARCEL (FORMER MCDONALDS)
2400 SOUTH BOULEVARD
CHARLOTTE, MECKLENBURG COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA
Sample
ID Date
MD-GW-1 10/20/06 2.0 1.7 J 100 0.56 J 2.1 2.8 ND
MD-GW-2 10/20/06 12 0.85 J 78 ND 1.1 1.7 ND
MD-GW-3 10/20/06
NC Groundwater Standard 70 2,100 2.8 NE 70 70 NE
Only detected compounds are shown in table
µg/L = micrograms per liter
BGS = Below ground surface
ND - Not Detected at Method Detection Limit
NE = Not established
-- = Not Analyzed
J - Estimated value between Reporting Limit and Method Detection Limit
Results shown in bold exceed North Carolina Groundwater Standard (2L)
Dry at Geoprobe Refusal at 20 ft BGS
VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
by EPA 8260B (ug/L)
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Appendix A
Soil Boring Logs

Stratigraphy Legend Abbreviations
Gravel HA - Hand auger
silty CLAY GP - Geoprobe
clayey SILT TD - Total Depth of Boring
silty SAND BGS - Below Ground Surface
clayey SAND DTW - Depth to Water
sandy SILT TOC - Top of Casing.
- Designates location of soil sample for lab analysis
Water table level Logged by:Thomas Fisher - ERM
Boring I.D.
Depth
Interval
(feet)
VOCs
(ppm)Gr
a
p
h
i
c

L
o
g
Sample Description
MD-SB-1 0-0.25 <0.1 Gravel
10/19/2006 0.25-5 <0.1 Reddish orange clayey SILT
0-4' HA 5-8 <0.1 Lt. orange clayey SILT with a trace of fine sand.
4'-35' GP <0.1
8-17 <0.1 Lt orange clayey fine sandy SILT with weathered manganese deposits; saprolite
<0.1
17-18 <0.1 Tan fine sandy SILT with weathered manganese deposits throughout; moist
18-25 <0.1 Lt orange clayey SILT with manganese deposits
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
Boring terminated 25' BGS and direct push well screen to 34.6' BGS.
DTW = 22.71' TOC on October 20,2006.
MD-SB-2 0-0.5 <0.1 Gravel
10/19/2006 0.5-5 <0.1 Reddish orange clayey SILT
0-4' HA 5-19.5 <0.1 Tan fine sandy SILT with weathered manganese deposits; saprolite begins at 12' BGS
4'-34' GP <0.1 moisture at 15' BGS.
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
19.5-20 <0.1 Lt orange fine sandy SILT with weathered manganese deposits
20-21 <0.1 Tan fine sandy SILT very moist
21-25 <0.1 Brown fine sandy SILT; saprolite
<0.1
<0.1
Boring terminated 25' BGS and direct push well screen to 33.4' BGS.
DTW = 21.49 TOC on 10/20/06.
Screen
Interval 18.4' -
33.4' BGS
SOIL BORING LOGS - McDonalds, Charlotte, Mecklenburg County, North Carolina
Mo
n
i
t
o
r

W
e
l
l
Screen
Interval 19.6'-
34.6' BGS
McDonalds boring.xls:Boring Log Page 1 of 2 1/3/2007
Boring I.D.
Depth
Interval
(feet)
VOCs
(ppm)Gr
a
p
h
i
c

L
o
g
Sample DescriptionMo
n
i
t
o
r

W
e
l
l
MD-SB-3 0-0.25 <0.1 Gravel
10/19/2006 0.25-4 <0.1 Reddish orange silty CLAY
0-4' HA 4-8 <0.1 orange clayey SILT
4'-20' BGS <0.1
8-16 <0.1 Tan fine sandy SILT
<0.1
16-20 <0.1 White fine sandy SILT; saprolite; moist at 16' BGS
<0.1
Boring terminated at 20' BGS at Geoprobe refusal.
Well installed at 20.2' BGS.
Well dry on October 20, 2006
Screen interval
10.2' -20.2'
BGS
McDonalds boring.xls:Boring Log Page 2 of 2 1/3/2007

Appendix B
Laboratory Analytical Data Sheets

Full Servlee Analylltal & Environmental Solutlons
ERM NC, PC
Attn: ·Jennifer Glien
Suite 200
8000 Corporate Center Drive
Charlotte, NC 28226
#-See Case Narrative
NC Certification No. 402
SC Certification No. 99012
NC Drinking Water Cert. No. 37735
Project ID: S. Blvd.
Level II QC Report
10/30/2006
COC Group Number: G1006608
DatefTime Submitted: 10/20/200615:50
This report should not be reproduced, except in its entirety, without the written consent of Prism Laboratories, Inc.
449 Springbrook Road -P.O. Box 240543 -Charlotte, NC 28224-0543
Phone: [phone] -Toll Free Number: 1-800/529-6364 -Fax: [phone] Page 3 of 3